Power generation device

A power generation device is disclosed, which includes a plurality of thermomagnetic generator and a flow controller. The thermomagnetic generators can acquire first fluids respectively. The flow controller can control flow rates of the second fluids flowing into the thermomagnetic generators respectively, wherein a fluid temperature of the first fluid is different from a fluid temperature of the second fluid.

Method and apparatus for generating electricity by thermally cycling an electrically polarizable material using heat from various sources and a vehicle comprising the apparatus

A method for converting heat to electric energy is described which involves thermally cycling an electrically polarizable material sandwiched between electrodes. The material is heated using thermal energy obtained from: a combustion reaction; solar energy; a nuclear reaction; ocean water; geothermal energy; or thermal energy recovered from an industrial process. An apparatus is also described which includes an electrically polarizable material sandwiched between electrodes and a heat exchanger for heating the material. The heat source used to heat the material can be: a combustion apparatus; a solar thermal collector; or a component of a furnace exhaust device. Alternatively, the heat exchanger can be a device for extracting thermal energy from the earth, the sun, ocean water, an industrial process, a combustion reaction or a nuclear reaction. A vehicle is also described which comprises an apparatus for converting heat to electrical energy connected to an electric motor.

Infrared sensor, electronic device, and manufacturing method of infrared sensor

The present invention aims to reduce a size and improve quality of an infrared sensor. An infrared sensor ( 203 ) according to the present invention includes a substrate ( 202 ) and an infrared detection element ( 201 ). A principal surface of the substrate ( 202 ) includes a convex shape. The infrared detection element ( 201 ) is formed over the principal surface including the convex shape of the substrate ( 202 ). Further, as for the infrared detection element ( 201 ), an entire light-receiving surface includes a planar shape. Then, it can be the small-sized infrared sensor ( 203 ) with improved quality.

Power-generating system

A power-generating system includes a heat source having a temperature that goes up and down over time; a first device that undergoes electric polarization due to a temperature change of the heat source; and a second device that takes out an electric power from the first device.

Infrared ray detection element and infrared ray detection device having the same

An infrared ray detection element has a plurality of pyroelectric layers that are laminated in a same direction as an incident direction of infrared rays, one or more intermediate electrode layers laminated between the plurality of pyroelectric layers; a front side electrode layer that is laminated on a front side of the pyroelectric layer positioned at a top side; and a back side electrode layer that is laminated on a back side of the pyroelectric layer positioned at a bottom side. The two pyroelectric layers adjacent in a front and back direction are performed with a polarization process such that polarization directions thereof are set to reverse directions to each other.

Pzt-based ferroelectric thin film and method of manufacturing the same

A PZT-based ferroelectric thin film formed on a lower electrode of a substrate having the lower electrode in which the crystal plane is oriented in a (111) axis direction, having an orientation controlling layer which is formed on the lower electrode and has a layer thickness in which a crystal orientation is controlled in a (111) plane preferentially in a range of 45 nm to 270 nm, and a film thickness adjusting layer which is formed on the orientation controlling layer and has the same crystal orientation as the crystal orientation of the orientation controlling layer, in which an interface is formed between the orientation controlling layer and the film thickness adjusting layer.

Thermo-magnetic power generation system

A thermo-magnetic power generation system includes a thermo-magnetic power generation device, a first circulating device, and a second circulating device. The first circulating device and the second circulating device are connected to the thermo-magnetic power generation device. The liquid is heated by the first circulating device and cooled by the second circulating device. The heated liquid and the cooled liquid transmitted to the thermo-magnetic element are recycled by the first circulating device and the second circulating device.

Pyroelectric detector and method for manufacturing same, pyroelectric detection device, and electronic instrument

A pyroelectric detector includes a pyroelectric detection element, a support member, a fixing part and a first reducing gas barrier layer. A first side of the support member faces a cavity and the pyroelectric detection element is mounted and supported on a second side opposite from the first side. An opening part communicated with the cavity is formed on a periphery of the support member in plan view from the second side of the support member. The fixing part supports the support member. The first reducing gas barrier layer covers a first surface of the support member on the first side, a side surface of the support member facing the opening part, and a part of a second surface of the support member on the second side and the pyroelectric detection element exposed as viewed from the second side of the support member.

Method for producing a thin film made of lead zirconate titanate

The invention relates to a method for producing the thin film made of lead zirconate titanate in a 111-oriented perovskite structure, comprising the following steps: providing a substrate having a substrate temperature above 450° C. and a lead target, a zirconium target, and a titanium target; applying the thin film by sputtering lead, zirconium, and titanium from the respective targets onto the substrate, wherein the total deposition rate of lead, zirconium, and titanium is greater than 10 nm/min, the deposition rate of zirconium is selected in such a way that the atomic concentration of zirconium with respect to the atomic concentration of zirconium together with titanium in the thin film is between 0.2 and 0.3, and the deposition rate of lead is selected to be sufficiently low, depending on the substrate temperature and the total deposition rate of lead, zirconium, and titanium, for an X-ray diffractometer graph of the 111-oriented lead zirconate titanate to have a significant peak value ( 19 ) in a diffraction angle range from 33 to 35.5°; and completing the thin film.

Graphene-based films in sensor applications

An environmental sensor comprises a graphene thin-film as an environmentally responsive material. Such graphene films exhibit negative temperature coefficients (NTC), resulting in rapid decreases in electrical resistance as temperature increases, as well as a much faster response time than any other NTC material reported in the literature. The graphene film is also mechanically stable under bending, and, therefore, can be adapted for use in a mechanical sensor or pressure sensor, because the electrical resistance of the graphene film changes upon deflection and/or changes in pressure. The electrical resistance of the graphene film also increases in response to increases in environmental humidity. The electrical resistance changes of the graphene film can also be used as a sensing mechanism for changes in chemical and biological parameters in the environment of the sensor.

Portable power supply

A portable power supply according to the present invention is provided with a combustion device (20) and a heating container (30) that retains an object to be heated, wherein at least a part of a portion of the heating container, the portion being directly heated by the combustion device, is provided with a magnetic metal plate (32) that has spontaneous magnetization and that generates electromotive force due to an anomalous Nernst effect induced by the heating, and wherein electrodes (33a, 33b) for drawing power are provided. Thus, the heating container for generating electricity has a simple configuration, and furthermore the portable power supply is provided with both the heating container and the combustion device.

Thermoelectric conversion element

A thermoelectric conversion element that has a power generation layer containing an iron-aluminum based magnetic alloy material containing equal to or more than 70 weight percent of iron and aluminum in total. The power generation layer generates an electromotive force, due to an anomalous Nernst effect that develops in the magnetic alloy material in response to a temperature gradient applied thereto, in a direction intersecting both the magnetization direction of the magnetic alloy material and the direction of the applied temperature gradient.

Compositions, apparatus and methods for capacitive temperature sensing

A passive temperature-sensing apparatus, which includes a capacitive sensing element that includes a capacitive sensing composition that includes a ferroelectric ceramic material that exhibits a measurable electrical Curie temperature that is below 30 degrees C. The capacitive sensing composition exhibits a negative slope of capacitance versus temperature over the temperature range of from 30 degrees C. to 150 degrees C.

Thermoelectric cell, thermoelectric cell manufacturing method, and thermoelectric body manufacturing method

A thermoelectric cell includes a thermoelectric body including heat-utilizing power generating elements in each of which a thermoelectric conversion layer and a solid electrolyte layer are layered, and converting thermal energy into electrical energy, a conductive case including a first case body and a second case body which are combined in an insulated state and accommodating the thermoelectric body, an insulating member electrically insulating the first case body or the second case body and the solid electrolyte layer on a side surface of the thermoelectric body while electrically insulating the first case body and the second ease body, and a compressible conductor accommodated in the case and compressed by being sandwiched between the thermoelectric body and the case. The first case body, the thermoelectric body, and the second case body are electrically connected in a stacked direction by disposing the compressible conductor on a side of at least one of the first case body and the second case body.

ExB Drift Thermoelectric Energy Generation Device

This invention describes a thermoelectric energy generation device based on the ExB drift in a semiconductor. The material is in depletion mode to avoid cancellation of the electric field by space charges. Under ideal, infinite mobility, zero-collision conditions, electrons and holes drift in the same direction, perpendicularly to the electric and magnetic fields, resulting in a zero-output current. However, when mobility is finite, their differing properties such as mobility, effective mass, and charge, manifest themselves as different drift velocity and drift direction resulting in a net output current and power. This invention leverages carriers' properties to accentuate these differences and maximize the output power. Quantities being optimized include, mobility, the product of mobility and the magnetic field, positioning electrodes along the drift axis of the overriding carriers, and adjusting the thickness of the semiconductor layer to accommodate the cycloid motion of one type of carrier but not the other.

Thermoelectric conversion element, thermoelectric conversion system and manufacturing method of thermoelectric conversion element

A thermoelectric conversion element includes a cable. The cable includes a first member extended in the axis direction of the cable, and a second member extended in the axis direction to cover at least a part of the outer face of the first member. One of the first and second members is a magnetic body. The other of the first and second members is a conductive body formed of material exhibiting a spin orbit coupling.

Thermal oscillator

A thermal oscillator ( 10 ) for creating an oscillating heat flux from a stationary spatial thermal gradient between a warm reservoir ( 20 ) and a cold reservoir ( 30 ) is provided. The thermal oscillator ( 10 ) includes a thermal conductor ( 11 ) which is connectable to the warm reservoir ( 20 ) or to the cold reservoir ( 30 ) and configured to conduct a heat flux from the warm reservoir ( 20 ) towards the cold reservoir ( 30 ), and a thermal switch ( 12 ) coupled to the thermal conductor ( 11 ) for receiving the heat flux and having a certain difference between two states (S 1 , S 2 ) of thermal conductance for providing thermal relaxation oscillations such that the oscillating heat flux is created from the received heat flux.

Layered product for magnetic element, thermoelectric conversion element having layered product, and method of manufacturing the same

A magnetic element according to the present invention is formed of a layered product having a magnetic insulator film formed on a substrate including a material having no crystal structure. The magnetic insulator film has a columnar crystal structure.

Programmable portable emulator for sensing and harvesting materials for cyclic heat energy

A novel design for programmable emulation of sensing and harvesting materials for cyclic energy conversion has been successfully implemented producing similar electrical characteristics over a wide-range of such materials. An in-depth study on this research had been done to construe those electrical properties of such materials including the voltage, current and signal frequencies before implementing the final emulator system. Parametric variations are fully programmable and user-friendly along with wide range of emulations made possible. The system is designed and implemented to be portable and ensured low power usage. Equivalent circuit was first designed and simulated to ensure proper functioning of the design. The equivalent circuit was then successfully implemented including the program codes embedded microcontroller. This novel design of the fully programmable emulator will bring vast advancement and accuracy in the emulations of these materials as single or clustered under various real-world conditions.

Electrocaloric heat transfer system with patterned electrodes

An electrocaloric module includes an electrocaloric element that includes an electrocaloric film, a first electrode on a first surface of the electrocaloric film, and a second electrode on a second surface of the electrocaloric film. A support is attached along an edge portion of the electrocaloric film, leaving a central portion of the electrocaloric film unsupported film. At least one of the first and second electrodes includes a patterned disposition of conductive material on the film surface. The electrocaloric module also includes a first thermal connection configured to connect to a first thermal flow path between the electrocaloric element and a heat sink, a second thermal connection configured to connect to a second thermal flow path between the electrocaloric element and a heat source, and a power connection connected to the first and second electrodes and configured to connect to a power source.

Photo detector

A photo detector is disclosed. The photo detector comprises a substrate, a flat metal layer, a dielectric layer, a patterned metal layer, and a semiconductor film. The flat metal layer is formed on the substrate. The dielectric layer is formed on the flat metal layer. The patterned metal layer is, formed on the dielectric layer. The patterned metal layer comprises a first interdigitated electrode and a second interdigitated electrode. The first interdigitated electrode is adjacent to the second interdigitated electrode. The semiconductor film is formed on the dielectric layer and covering the first interdigitated electrode and the second interdigitated electrode. When the semiconductor film receives an incident light, the flat metal layer and the patterned metal layer are operated in a localized surface plasmon mode or a waveguide mode for absorbing a certain narrow bandwidth radiation light of the incident light. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of the semiconductor film is changed and the optical energy absorbed by the photo detector is determined.

Method of manufacturing a device comprising a material acquiring an electrical property after have been subjected to an electric polarisation

Method for manufacturing a device comprising a stack including a first layer comprising electrical conductors electrically insulated from each other, a second electrically conducting layer, a third layer of pyroelectric material, said third layer being arranged between the first layer and the second layer, said method comprising, a) producing said stack on a substrate, the material of the third layer not being pyroelectric at this stage, b) producing a polarisation layer made of epoxy glue in electrical contact with the electrical conductors in the first layer, c) applying polarisation voltage to said third layer such that its material becomes pyroelectric, d) exposing the polarisation layer in its second state by ultraviolet radiation so as to make it at least partly electrically insulating.

Multilayer pyroelectric element

A multilayer pyroelectric element includes: a laminate body constituted by multiple pyroelectric body layers laminated in their thickness direction; internal electrode layers which are provided between the pyroelectric body layers, and one ends of which extend to the outer peripheries of the adjoining pyroelectric body layers; and external electrodes that connect the alternate internal electrode layers together at the one ends, wherein “x 1 >x 3 AND x 2 >x 3 ” are satisfied wherein x 1 is a distance between a pair of first faces crossing at right angles with the laminating direction of the pyroelectric body layers, x 2 is a distance between a pair of second faces crossing at right angles with the first faces and running parallel with the laminating direction of the pyroelectric body layers, and x 3 a is a distance between a pair of third faces crossing at right angles with the first faces and also with the second faces.

Light detection device

A light detection device includes: a Fabry-Perot interference filter provided with a light transmission region; a light detector configured to detect light transmitted through the light transmission region; a package having an opening and accommodating the Fabry-Perot interference filter and the light detector, and a light transmitting unit arranged on an inner surface of the package so as to close an opening, the light transmitting unit including a band pass filter configured to transmit light incident on the light transmission region. When viewed from a direction parallel to the line, an outer edge of the Fabry-Pert interference filter is positioned outside an outer edge of the opening, and an outer edge of the light transmitting unit is positioned outside the outer edge of the Fabry-Perot interference filter.

Physical property evaluation device

This invention prevents measurement error from becoming large in thermoelectric conversion coefficient evaluation and enhances evaluation efficiency. This invention is a physical property evaluation device for evaluating the physical properties of a plurality of solid materials formed on a substrate. The physical property evaluation device comprises an electromotive force measurement means that forms closed circuits including the individual solid materials and measures the electromotive forces occurring at the two ends of each of the solid materials, a means for producing heat flow within the individual solid materials, an external magnetic field generation means for generating a uniform magnetic field having a given intensity and direction in the vicinity of the individual solid materials, and an automation means for evaluating the physical properties of the individual solid materials using the electromotive force measurement means, heat flow production means, and external magnetic field generation means.

Methods for forming a semiconductor device using tilted reactive ion beam

A semiconductor device and method is disclosed. In one example, the method for forming a semiconductor device includes forming a trench extending from a front side surface of a semiconductor substrate into the semiconductor substrate. The method includes forming of material to be structured inside the trench. Material to be structured is irradiated with a tilted reactive ion beam at a non-orthogonal angle with respect to the front side surface such that an undesired portion of the material to be structured is removed due to the irradiation with the tilted reactive ion beam while an irradiation of another portion of the material to be structured is masked by an edge of the trench.

Wafer level packaged infrared (ir) focal plane array (fpa) with evanescent wave coupling

A structure for detecting electromagnetic radiation having a predetermined wavelength. The structure includes a device wafer having a sensing element disposed on a predetermined region of a surface of the device wafer responsive to the electromagnetic radiation. A cover wafer is provided having a region thereof transparent to the electromagnetic radiation for passing the electromagnetic radiation through the transparent region onto a surface of the sensing element. A bond gap spacer structure is provided for supporting the surface of the sensing element from an opposing surface of the transparent region of the cover wafer a distance less than a fraction of the predetermined wavelength when. the cover wafer is bonded to the device wafer.

Etching method

A selectivity can be improved in a desirable manner when etching a processing target object containing silicon carbide. An etching method of processing the processing target object, having a first region containing silicon carbide and a second region containing silicon nitride and in contact with the first region, includes etching the first region to remove the first region atomic layer by atomic layer by repeating a sequence comprising: generating plasma from a first gas containing nitrogen to form a mixed layer containing ions contained in the plasma generated from the first gas in an atomic layer of an exposed surface of the first region; and generating plasma from a second gas containing fluorine to remove the mixed layer by radicals contained in the plasma generated from the second gas.

Chemical sensor

We disclose a chemical sensing device for detecting a fluid. The sensing device comprises: at least one substrate region comprising at least one etched portion; a dielectric region formed on the at least one substrate region, the dielectric region comprising at least one dielectric membrane region adjacent to the at least one etched portion; an optical source for emitting an infra-red (IR) signal; an optical detector for detecting the IR signal emitted from the optical source; one or more further substrates formed on or under the dielectric region, said one or more further substrates defining an optical path for the IR signal to propagate from the optical source to the optical detector. At least one of the optical source and optical detector is formed in or on the dielectric membrane region.

Thermoelectric conversion element

The purpose of the present invention is to make it possible to ensure a strength that allows thermoelectric evaluation to be performed even when sintering is carried out at a temperature lower than the minimum sintering temperature of a power generation layer, in a thermoelectric conversion element. For this purpose, this thermoelectric conversion element is characterized by being provided with a power generation layer and support layers including a sintered body, wherein the power generation layer is provided with a metal-magnetic insulator composite structure in which metal is formed in a net shape around a granulated magnetic body, the support layers are formed so as to be in contact with the top and bottom or the right and left of the power generation layer, and the minimum sintering temperature of the support layers is lower than the minimum sintering temperature of the power generation layer.

Method of forming electrodes on electrocaloric film

A method of making an electrocaloric element includes forming conductive layers on opposing surfaces of a film comprising an electrocaloric material to form an electrocaloric element, wherein the forming of the conductive layers includes one or more of: vapor deposition of the conductive layers under reduced pressure for a duration of time, wherein the duration of time under reduced pressure is less than 240 minutes; vapor deposition of the conductive layers under reduced pressure for a duration of time, wherein the duration of time of exposure to conductive material deposition is less than 240 minutes; vapor deposition of the conductive layers under reduced pressure, wherein the reduced pressure is 10 torr to 500 torr; or maintaining the film at a temperature of less than or equal to 200° C. during forming of the conductive layers.

Heat-utilizing power generation module and thermal power generation device equipped with same

The thermoelectric module includes a first thermoelectric element including a first thermoelectric conversion layer and a first electrolyte layer stacked each other along a stacked direction, a second thermoelectric element stacking the first thermoelectric element in the stacked direction and including a second thermoelectric conversion layer and a second electrolyte layer stacked each other along the stacked direction, a first current collector located on a side of one edge in the stacked direction, a second current collector located on a side of another edge in the stacked direction, and an electron transmission layer located between the first thermoelectric element and the second thermoelectric element in the stacked direction.

Fine-grain dynamic solid-state cooling system

A cooling system includes a plurality of sensor sub-units arranged in a grid having first sides configured to be thermally connected to a heat source and opposing second sides. The heat source including a plurality of sub-regions that correspond with the first sides of each of the plurality of sensor sub-units. The plurality of sensor sub-units are configured to sample temperatures of the sub-regions of the heat source. The cooling system also includes a plurality of solid-state cooling sub-units configured to dissipate heat, a plurality of heat exchanger channels and a controller configured to determine the one or more sub-regions of the heat source to cool. Each heat exchanger channel is configured to dissipate heat. At least one surface of at least one of the heat exchanger channels includes a coating configured to boost conversion of heat energy being dissipated into infrared radiation.

焦電形赤外線検出素子の製造方法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Электрическое устройство

1. Электрическое устройство, содержащее разные варианты расположения токоснимающих и изолированных электродов, источников электрического напряжения, электропроводящих материалов, электрических цепей, отличающееся тем, что устройство применено в качестве источника энергии, электрической, механической или тепловой, без существенного ее потребления, т.е. с к.п.д., большим единицы, за счет применения специальных проводящих материалов, форм электродов, цепей с особым подключением и соотношением сопротивлений.2. Электрическое устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что для получения, преимущественно электрической, энергии устройство содержит специальный электропроводящий материал, состав или структура которого допускает проникновение электрического поля на некоторую глубину, например при изготовлении его из полупроводника со смешанной проводимостью, и с этим материалом контактируют электроды-токосъемники, подключенные к внешней цепи с нагрузкой, а кроме того имеется как минимум один изолированный от материала электрод, подключаемый к источнику электрического напряжения для создания разности потенциалов в местах контакта токосъемников с материалом.3. Электрическое устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что для получения преимущественно механической энергии, за счет действия безопорной силы, устройство содержит электроды, подключенные к источнику электрического напряжения, электростатическое взаимодействие которых обеспечивает преимущественное действие силы в выбранном направлении за счет формы, например, при выполнении одного из электродов в виде пластины, а другого в виде сетки, или применением специа РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2014 127 358 A (51) МПК H02N 11/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2014127358/07, 09.01.2014 (71) Заявитель(и): Олейнов Геннадий Александрович (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 09.01.2014 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2015 Бюл. № 10 (72) Автор(ы): ...

Device for the direct conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 142 594 A (51) МПК H02N 10/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015142594, 06.10.2015 (71) Заявитель(и): Мищенко Евгений Николаевич (RU), Мищенко Сергей Евгеньевич (RU), Ларин Александр Юрьевич (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 06.10.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2017 Бюл. № 10 A 2 0 1 5 1 4 2 5 9 4 R U Стр.: 1 A (57) Формула изобретения Устройство непосредственного преобразования тепловой энергии в электрическую, содержащее магнитопровод, в зазоре которого расположен термочувствительный ферромагнитный элемент, источник магнитного поля, выходную и входную обмотки, размещенные на магнитопроводе, нагреватель термочувствительного ферромагнитного элемента, генератор возбудитель, подключенный к входной обмотке, и накопитель электрической энергии, подключенный к выходной обмотке, отличающееся тем, что термочувствительный ферромагнитный элемент имеет форму трубки, а в качестве источника магнитного поля используется ферритовый магнит таких же линейных размеров, как и термочувствительный ферромагнитный элемент с диаметром, равным внутреннему диаметру термочувствительного ферромагнитного элемента, и с конусообразными углублениями со стороны полюсов, соосно помещенный во внутрь термочувствительного ферромагнитного элемента. 2 0 1 5 1 4 2 5 9 4 (54) Устройство для непосредственного преобразования тепловой энергии в электрическую R U Адрес для переписки: 344038, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Ростовского Стрелкового Полка Народного Ополчения, 2, РГУПС, НИЧ (72) Автор(ы): Мищенко Евгений Николаевич (RU), Мищенко Сергей Евгеньевич (RU), Ларин Александр Юрьевич (RU)

Generator using thermoelectic element and eco-friendly solar power generation system having the same

본 발명은, 중공부를 구비한 본체; 상기 중공부의 측면에 부착되어서 외기온도와 중공부 온도의 온도차를 통해 발전이 이루어지는 열전소자; 상기 본체의 상면에 설치되는 집광부; 및 상기 본체의 상면과 수평으로 설치되는 판형상으로서, 상기 집광부에 의해 가열되는 제 1 전도체 및 상기 제 1 전도체의 하면에서 수직으로 연장 형성되어서 제 1 전도체와 함께 T형으로 설치되는 제 2 전도체를 구비하는 방열부;를 포함하는, 열전소자를 이용한 발전기, 및 이를 포함하는 친화경 태양광 발전 시스템에 관한 것이다.

Method for thermally cycling an object including a polarizable material

A method of thermally cycling an object includes alternately contacting the object with vapor from each of a first liquid-vapor two-phase system and of a second liquid-vapor two-phase system of a working fluid, each of the systems two-phase including a liquid phase and a separate vapor phase. The first system two-phase is at a higher temperature and pressure than the second system two-phase. The object can include one or more layers of an electrically or magnetically polarizable material. The object can be housed in a chamber thermal and alternately contacted with vapor from the first liquid-vapor two-phase system and the second liquid-vapor two-phase system contained in a first reservoir and in a second reservoir, respectively.

Heat generator containing magnetocaloric effect material

Antibacterial yarn, seat and seat cover

抗菌纱具备多个产生电荷纤维。多个产生电荷纤维利用来自外部的能量产生电荷。而且，抗菌纱的特征在于，上述多个产生电荷纤维间的空间的状态不一样。

Fero electric thin film and manufacture thereof

본 발명은 초전형 적외선검출소자나 압전소자등에 사용하는 강유전체박막 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, La를 첨가한 티탄산납에 산소원자의 6배위의 결합을 하는 Mg 및 Mn으로부터 선택되는 적어도 1개의 원소를 첨가해서 강유전체박막으로 형성함으로써, 박막형성시에 높은 c축배향성이 부여되고, 또한 벌크결정과 같이 분극처리를 할 필요가 없는 강유전체박막을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하고, 그 구성에 있어서는, 미리 백금하부전극을 스퍼터링법에 의해 형성한 MgO단결정판(9)을 기판가열히터(10)상에 설치한다. 체임버(7)내를 배기하고, 기판가열히터(10)에 의해 기판(9)을 가열하고, 스퍼터가스인 Ar과 O 2 를 노즐(14)로부터 체임버(7)내에 도압하고, 고진공도로 유지한다. 타겟(1)에 고주파전원(8)으로부터 고주파전력을 투입하여 플라즈마를 발생시키고, 기판(9)상에 막을 형성한다. 예를 들면, [(1-x)·Pb 1-y La y Ti 1-y/4 O 3 +x·MgO]인 조성(x=0.01~0.10, y=0.05~0.25)의 강유전체박막을 조작하는 것이다. The present invention relates to a ferroelectric thin film for use in pyroelectric infrared detection devices, piezoelectric devices, and the like, and to a method of manufacturing the same, wherein at least one element selected from Mg and Mn bonds 6-coordinates of oxygen atoms to lead titanate containing La By adding to form a ferroelectric thin film, it is an object to provide a ferroelectric thin film which has high c-axis orientation at the time of thin film formation and does not need to be polarized like bulk crystals. The MgO single crystal plate 9 formed by sputtering the electrode is provided on the substrate heating heater 10. The chamber 7 is evacuated, the substrate 9 is heated by the substrate heating heater 10, and Ar and O 2 , which are sputter gases, are pressed from the nozzle 14 into the chamber 7 and maintained at high vacuum. . High frequency power is input from the high frequency power source 8 to the target 1 to generate plasma, and a film is formed on the substrate 9. For example, a ferroelectric thin film of composition (x = 0.01 to 0.10, y = 0.05 to 0.25), which is [(1-x) -Pb 1-y La y Ti 1-y / 4 O 3 + x-MgO], was operated. It is.

THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR BASED ON SAMARIUM SULPHIDE DOPED BY THE ATOMS OF THE LANTANOID FAMILY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT (OPTIONS)

1. Термоэлектрический генератор, включающий по крайней мере один слой полупроводникового материала SmLnS на основе сульфида самария, легированного атомами Ln семейства лантаноидов и токовые контакты, отличающийся тем, что упомянутый слой расположен между токовыми контактами.2. Термоэлектрический генератор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве атомов Ln используется гадолиний Gd или церий Се, причем концентрации атомов удовлетворяют соотношениям у≤0,15, x≤0,2.3. Термоэлектрический генератор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве атомов Ln, относящихся к семейству лантаноидов, используется европий Eu или иттербий Yb, причем концентрации атомов удовлетворяют соотношениям y≤0,2, x≤0,2.4. Термоэлектрический генератор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что включает по крайней мере один слой полупроводникового материала SmLnS, в пределах которого величина хотя бы одной из концентраций "x" и "у" монотонно возрастает в направлении от первого токового контакта ко второму токовому контакту.5. Термоэлектрический генератор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что включает по крайней мере два последовательно расположенных слоя полупроводникового материала SmLnS, причем величина хотя бы одной из концентраций "x" и "у" монотонно возрастает от слоя к слою в направлении от первого токового контакта ко второму токовому контакту, тогда как в пределах каждого из упомянутых слоев как концентрация "x", так и концентрация "y" приблизительно постоянны.6. Способ изготовления термоэлектрического генератора, включающий выкалывание из монокристаллического слитка сульфида самария SmS плоскопараллельной пластины; нанесение на верхнюю поверхность пластины раствора, содержащег РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2012 157 506 A (51) МПК H01J 45/00 (2006.01) H01L 37/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012157506/28, 27.12.2012 (71) Заявитель(и): Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "СмС ...

Infrared ray sensor

Encased carrier system for electronic micro fluid devices

FIELD: physics. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to integrated electronic micro fluid device Proposed device comprises semiconductor substrate 106 on first support 122, electronic circuit 102, 104 on first side of said substrate and signal interface with external device. Signal interface is arranged on substrate to receive electric signals from electronic circuit. Micro fluid structure 126 is arranged in semiconductor substrate to limit fluid medium and allow it to flow in and out of said structure solely on second side of substrate opposite the first side and directed therefrom. Proposed device makes adaptable carrier for producing various versions of encased systems. Distinct division is ensured between electric and chemical-fluid interfaces. ^ EFFECT: simple fabrication of heat-insulated micro fluid structures. ^ 15 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 422 204 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01L 3/00 (2006.01) B81C 99/00 (2010.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 20.03.2006 EP 06111392.4 (73) Патентообладатель(и): КОНИНКЛЕЙКЕ ФИЛИПС ЭЛЕКТРОНИКС Н.В. (NL) R U (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 07.03.2007 (72) Автор(ы): ДЕККЕР Роналд (NL), ПЕЙНЕНБУРГ Ремко Х. В. (NL), ВАН ВЕН Николас Й. А. (NL) (21)(22) Заявка: 2008141289/28, 07.03.2007 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.04.2010 Бюл. № 12 2 4 2 2 2 0 4 (45) Опубликовано: 27.06.2011 Бюл. № 18 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 0170400 A1, 27.09.2001. WO 9965664 A1, 23.12.1999. EP 1250954 A2, 23.10.2002. US 2003160538 A1, 28.08.2003. RU 2200338 С1, 10.03.2003. 2 4 2 2 2 0 4 R U (86) Заявка PCT: IB 2007/050759 (07.03.2007) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 20.10.2008 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2007/107901 (27.09.2007) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и ...

Barium calcium titanate, production process thereof and capacitor

본 발명의 바륨 칼슘 티타네이트는 분산성이 우수하고, 불순물이 적으며, 고도로 결정성이고, 임의의 비율로 고용되는 미세 바륨 칼슘 티타네이트 분말 및 이의 제조 방법이 제공된다는 탁월한 효과를 갖는다. 상기 바륨 칼슘 티타네이트는 (Ba (1-X) Ca X ) Y TiO 3 (여기서, 0 < X < 0.2이고, 0.98 ≤ Y ≤ 1.02임)의 조성식으로 표시되고, 사방정계 페로브스카이트 화합물의 함유율이 3 몰％ 이하 (0 몰％를 포함함)이며, 비표면적 D가 1 내지 100 m 2 /g이다. The barium calcium titanate of the present invention has an excellent effect of providing fine barium calcium titanate powder and a method for producing the same, which are excellent in dispersibility, low in impurities, highly crystalline, and dissolved in any ratio. The barium calcium titanate is represented by the compositional formula of (Ba (1-X) Ca X ) Y TiO 3 , wherein 0 <X <0.2, and 0.98 ≤ Y ≤ 1.02, and the tetragonal perovskite compound The content rate is 3 mol% or less (including 0 mol%), and the specific surface area D is 1-100 m < 2> / g.

Low contamination, low energy beamline architecture for high current ion implantation

一种离子注入系统(500)，包括：离子源(502)，其产生沿射束路径(505，507)的离子束(504)；在该离子源的下游的质量分析器组件(514)，其在该离子束上进行质量分析与角度修正；解析孔(516)电极，其包括在该质量分析器组件(514)的下游并且沿着该射束路径的至少一个电极，至少一个电极具有根据所选择的质量解析度与射束包络的尺寸与形状；在解析孔电极的下游的偏转元件(518)，其改变该偏转元件射出该离子束(507)的路径；在偏转元件的下游的减速电极(519)，其将该离子束进行减速；支持台，其在终端站(526)中以用于将由带电离子所注入的工件(522)进行保持和定位，以及其中该终端站以大约逆时针8度安装，以致于所偏转的该离子束垂直于该工件。

Device for the direct thermoelectric conversion

FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: thermoelectric conversion is carried out by periodic magnetic state change of the thermally sensitive ferromagnetic material heated up to the Curie point in the paraprocess phase that provoke the generation of the supplementary magnetic flux that is converted to electric energy. The direct thermoelectric conversion device has magnetic circuit 1, in the gap of which the thermally sensitive tube shaped ferromagnetic element 2 is located. The magnetic field source 3 represents the ferrite magnet of the same linear dimensions and the thermally sensitive ferromagnetic element with the V-shaped pit from the pole sidelines, placed in axial alignment into the thermally sensitive ferromagnetic element. Output 4 and input 5 windings are placed on the magnetic circuit. The device has the thermally sensitive ferromagnetic element heating unit 6, field generator 7, plug into the input winding 5, and electric energy accumulating mechanism 8, plug into the output winding 4. EFFECT: efficiency upgrading. 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 620 260 C2 (51) МПК H02N 10/00 (2006.01) H01L 37/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015142594, 06.10.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 06.10.2015 Дата регистрации: (72) Автор(ы): Мищенко Евгений Николаевич (RU), Мищенко Сергей Евгеньевич (RU), Ларин Александр Юрьевич (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 06.10.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2017 Бюл. № 10 Адрес для переписки: 344038, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Ростовского Стрелкового Полка Народного Ополчения, 2, РГУПС, НИЧ 6725668 B1, 27.04.2004. SU 1015457 A1, 30.04.1983. RU 2379820 C1, 20.01.2010. SU 811466 A, 07.03.1081. CH 662020 A5, 31.08.1987. 2 6 2 0 2 6 0 R U (57) Формула изобретения Устройство непосредственного преобразования тепловой энергии в электрическую, содержащее магнитопровод, в зазоре которого ...

Power generation system

Power generation system

Preparation method of pyroelectric sensitive element

本发明涉及一种热释电灵敏元的制备方法，包括步骤：（1）减薄后的热释电晶体在清洗后进行退火处理；（2）采用真空蒸镀工艺，分别在热释电晶体的两侧面镀制上电极和下电极；（3）采用真空蒸镀工艺，通过在镀膜夹具下方安装图形化工装，以在热释电晶体的上电极上镀制吸收层，在真空蒸镀工艺开始前和结束后均烘烤预设时间；（4）降温后，破空取件，即得本发明的热释电灵敏元特殊设计的图形化单元，能够提高吸收效率；上、下电极和图形化吸收层全部采用真空热蒸发镀膜的工艺方法，过程控制简单，适合生产制程。

Sensor for detecting human

This sensor can detect the position of human bodies by sensing the infrared from a human. The sensor comprises the lens part(13), the IR filter(15), oxide film(7) and insulation layer(8) formed on the substrate(6), lower electrode(10) and dielectric film(9) formed on the insulation layer, upper electrode(12) on the dielectric film, and the IR sensing part(14). The lens part (13) comprises cylinder type Fresnel lens. The IR filter part filtrates selectively 7-9micrometer which is emitted from the human bodies. The lower electrode is made of Ti/Pt alloy, and the dielectric film is made of PbLaTiO3.

Method for changing terminal group of PVDF-TrFE copolymer, PVDF-TrFE copolymer with improved ferroelectric property, and method for forming electronic device containing PVDF-TrFE copolymer

本发明公开了交换或转化聚偏二氟乙烯‑三氟乙烯(PVDF‑TrFE)共聚物中的末端基团并籍此改进PVDF‑TrFE共聚物的铁电性质的方法。大体积或化学上不相似的末端基团，如碘或羟基末端基团，可转化成氢、氟或氯原子。本发明还公开了包含选自氢、氟或氯的末端基团或取代基的PVDF‑TrFE共聚物。所述共聚物在电子装置中可用作铁电、机电、压电或介电材料。

Piezo-pyroelectric energy converter and method

本发明具体化了一种压热电能量转换器(10),并且涉及进行热能至电能转换和致冷的一种方法和装置。本发明利用了一块或多块压热电材料(12、62、72),其上带有导热金属电极(14、64、68),该材料可在高频下共振且与热吸热器(16)和冷吸热器(18)之间有热交流以形成热梯度,从而使热量沿着金属电极(14、64、68)和压热电材料(12、62、72)流动。

Piezoelectric and/or pyroelectric composite solid material, method of obtaining thereof and thereof application

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to piezoelectric and/or pyroelectric composite material. Essence: material includes dielectric matrix (11), filler from at least one inorganic piezoelectric and/or pyroelectric material. Filler includes thread-like nanoparticles (12), distributed on the entire volume of solid dielectric matrix (11) with amount by volume less than 50%. Main elongation directions of fibre-like nanoparticles (12) of inorganic filler, distributed in dielectric matrix (11), have in fact isotropic distribution in solid dielectric matrix (11). Invention also relates to method of manufacturing and application of such hybrid material for production of construction components and films on carrier, obtained by precipitation on such substrate surface. EFFECT: high piezoelectric and/or pyroelectric response with reduced part of functional filler, provision of combination of plasticity, strength and low dielectric permeability of organic polymer materials with electrically active properties of inorganic piezoelectric and/or pyroelectric materials, low intensity of electric field at polarisation. 21 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 548 604 C2 (51) МПК H01L 41/18 (2006.01) H01L 41/37 (2013.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012127275/28, 03.12.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 03.12.2010 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.01.2014 Бюл. № 2 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЮНИВЕРСИТЕ ПОЛЬ САБАТЬЕ ТУЛУЗ III (FR) R U 11.12.2009 FR 09.05995 (72) Автор(ы): КАПСАЛЬ Жан-Фабьен (FR), ДАВИД Шарлотта (FR), ДАНТРА Эрик (FR), ЛЯКАБАН Колетт (FR) (45) Опубликовано: 20.04.2015 Бюл. № 11 2005068189 A, 17.03.2005 . EA 2900 B1, 31.10.2002 . RU 2094229 C1, 27.10.1997. OGUT E. et al, Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/zinc oxide smart composite material, Poceeding of the SPIE, vol. 6526, 2007, p.65260Q-1 -65260Q-10 (86) Заявка PCT: C ...

Patent JPH0374331B2

Pyroelectric monolithic infrared ray solid state image sensing device

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Improvements in, or relating to, infra-red detection

描述了一种使用红外辐射分析材料的系统和方法,以及一种用于该系统和方法的红外探测器。该系统(10)包括一矩形外壳(42),一细长探针(24)连接在该外壳上;该系统包括下面各个部分:一光谱仪(12),一红外探测器(14),第一和第二光纤束(16,18),第一和第二会聚透镜(20,22),准直透镜(26),红外源(28),衰减全反射元件(44)和斩波器(54)。该红外探测器包括形成在从刚性硅框架上伸出的热电共聚物材料层的下表面上的探测器元件阵列,以及暴露于待探测的红外辐射的上电极阵列。

Power generation element, power generation module, power generation device, and power generation system

Method for switching the properties of perovskite materials used in thin film resistors

A method for switching properties of perovskite thin film materials, including the colossal magnetoresitive (CMR) and high temperature superconducting (HTSC) materials, is provided. Short electrical pulses are applied to the materials in thin films to change both reversibly and non-reversibly the electrical, thermal, mechanical and magnetic properties of the material. Reversible resistance changes of over a factor of 10 are induced in CMR materials at room temperature and in zero external magnetic field by electrical pulsing. Applications of the method and materials to form memory devices, resistors in electronic circuits which can be varied in resistance and other applications are disclosed.

TERPOLYMERS CONTAINING VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE AND TRIFLUOROETHYLENE

A kind of IR detector array equipment

我们公开了一种红外(IR)检测器阵列，包括在包含蚀刻部分的半导体基底上形成的至少一个介电膜(2，3)；至少两个IR检测器(4，5)，以及在所述介电膜的一个或所有两个侧面的内部或是其上形成的至少一个图案化层(7)，用于控制所述IR检测器中的至少一个的IR吸收。所述图案化层包括横向间隔结构。

Lead substitured perovskites for thin-film pyroelectric devices

The invention described forms improved ferroelectric (or pyroelectric) layer by adding lead to an original perovskite layer having an original ferroelectric (or pyroelectric) critical grain size, then forming a layer of the lead enhanced perovskite layer having an average grain size less than the original ferroelectric (or pyroelectric) critical grain size whereby the remanent polarization (or pyroelectric figure of merit) of the layer is substantially greater than the remanent polarization (or pyroelectric figure of merit) of the original perovskite layer with an average grain size similar to the average grain size of the layer. The critical ferroelectric (or pyroelectric) grain size, as used herein, means the largest grain size such that the remanent polarization (or pyroelectric figure of merit) starts to rapidly decrease with decreasing grain sizes. Preferably, n-type lead enhanced perovskite layer is doped with one or more acceptor dopants whereby the resistivity is substantially increased. Preferably, p-type lead enhanced perovskite layer is doped with one or more donor dopants whereby the resistivity is substantially increased. Preferably, the original perovskite layer has a chemical composition ABO 3 , where A is one or more monovalent, divalent or trivalent elements, and B is one or more pentavalent, tetravalent, trivalent or divalent elements. Structures containing an improved ferroelectric (or pyroelectric) layer include a layer of lead enhanced perovskite layer with average grain size less than the original ferroelectric (or pyroelectric) critical grain size formed on the surface of a substrate. Other structures include such a layer of lead enhanced layer interposed between two electrically conducting layers.

Infrared ray detector

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Semiconductor memory element and ultrasonic sensor

하부 전극을 가지는 MFMIS 구조가 집적 회로와 집적될 수 있는 반도체 소자, 반도체 센서 및 반도체 메모리 소자가 제공된다. γ- Al 2 O 3 단결정막 (2) 이 반도체 단결정 기판 (1) 상에 에피택셜 성장되며, 단결정 Pt 박막 (3) 이 상기 γ- Al 2 O 3 단결정막 (2) 상에 에피택셜 증착된다. Provided are semiconductor devices, semiconductor sensors, and semiconductor memory devices in which an MFMIS structure having a bottom electrode can be integrated with an integrated circuit. A γ-Al 2 O 3 single crystal film 2 is epitaxially grown on the semiconductor single crystal substrate 1, and a single crystal Pt thin film 3 is epitaxially deposited on the γ-Al 2 O 3 single crystal film 2. . 단결정 기판 Single crystal substrate

Integrated circuit comprising a gas sensor

一种集成电路以及其制造方法。该集成电路包括具有主表面的半导体衬底。该集成电路还包括具有电阻性传感器元件的基于导热性的气体传感器，所述传感器元件位于主表面上以暴露于待感测的气体。该集成电路还包括阻挡部，所述阻挡部位于主表面上以抑制气体经过传感器元件流动。

Polymer latex containing vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene

本发明提供了新颖的具有更有序的铁电结晶相并且因此改进的铁电、热电、以及压电特性的偏二氟乙烯/三氟乙烯共聚物的颗粒的胶乳，以及一种用于通过乳液聚合在某些环状氟表面活性剂存在下制造这些胶乳的方法。

Pyroelectric infrared sensor element

Method for manufacturing detecting element, method for manufacturing imaging device, detecting element, imaging device, and electronic device

本发明提供一种检测元件和摄像器件及它们的制造方法以及电子设备。在现有的检测元件中难以提高生产性和可靠性。一种检测元件的制造方法，所述检测元件具有：温度根据已吸收的电磁波的量而上升的吸收部以及特性根据从所述吸收部传递的热的量而发生变化的电容器(37)，其特征在于，所述检测元件的制造方法包括：在基板形成电容器(37)的工序；形成覆盖电容器(37)的保护膜(79)的工序；在形成保护膜(79)的工序之后，在基板的俯视观察时与电容器(37)重叠的区域形成空洞部的工序；以及在形成空洞部的工序之后，在保护膜(79)的与电容器(37)侧相反的一侧且俯视观察时与电容器(37)重叠的区域涂布含有构成所述吸收部的材料的液状体(81a)后，固化液状体(81a)，从而形成所述吸收部的工序。

Pyroeletric ceramics

Object detection device for objects in a target space

Device and method for detecting at least one substance

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung (1) und ein Verfahren zur Detektion mindestens einer Substanz eines Fluids. Die Vorrichtung ist ein kombinierter piezoelektrischer und pyroelektrischer Sensor. Die Vorrichtung verfügt über mindestens ein Piezosensorelement (2), das einen piezoelektrischen Effekt aufweist, der von einer Sorption der Substanz an das Piezosensorelement abhängig ist, und mindestens ein Pyrosensorelement (3), das einen pyroelektrischen Effekt aufweist, der von einer Sorption der Substanz an das Pyrosensorelement abhängig ist. Das Piezosensorelement weist insbesondere einen Dünnfilmresonator auf. Das Pyrosensorelement weist insbesondere einen Dünnfilmkondensator auf. Bevorzugt ist der Dünnfilmresonator des Piezosensorelements gleichzeitig der Dünnfilmkondensator des Pyrosensorelements. Die Vorrichtung wird als Gasdetektor verwendet. The invention relates to a device (1) and a method for detecting at least one substance of a fluid. The device is a combined piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensor. The device has at least one piezosensor element (2) which has a piezoelectric effect which is dependent on a sorption of the substance to the piezo sensor element, and at least one pyrosensor element (3) which has a pyroelectric effect which indicates a sorption of the substance the pyrosensor element is dependent. The piezo sensor element has in particular a thin-film resonator. The pyrosensor element has in particular a thin-film capacitor. The thin film resonator of the piezo sensor element is preferably the thin film capacitor of the pyrosensor element at the same time. The device is used as a gas detector.

Thermoelectric generator based on samarium sulfide doped with atoms of the lanthanide family and methods of making same

This invention pertains to a field of conversion of heat energy into electric that by means of semiconductor thermoelectric generators. Gist: Thermoelectric generator comprising at least one layer of semiconducting material Sm 1+x Ln y S based on samarium sulfide SmS doped with atoms of the lanthanide family and current contacts; wherein the aforementioned layer is placed between the said contacts. Technical results of the invention include an increase of generated voltage (thermal electromotive force) to 5 V, increase of maximal electric power to several hundred μW owing to a reduction of the internal resistance in a thermoelectric generator capable of operating without temperature gradient.

Thermoelectric generator based on samarium sulfide doped with atoms of the lanthanide family and methods of making same

This invention pertains to a field of conversion of heat energy into electric that by means of semiconductor thermoelectric generators. Gist: Thermoelectric generator comprising at least one layer of semiconducting material Sm 1+x Ln y S based on samarium sulfide SmS doped with atoms of the lanthanide family and current contacts; wherein the aforementioned layer is placed between the said contacts. Technical results of the invention include an increase of generated voltage (thermal electromotive force) to 5 V, increase of maximal electric power to several hundred μW owing to a reduction of the internal resistance in a thermoelectric generator capable of operating without temperature gradient.

Converter of ambient thermal energy to electric power

The claimed invention relates to converters of ambient thermal energy to electric power and it is intended for use as an independent source of electric power. The claimed converter of ambient thermal energy to electric power contains at least one basic multilayered solid-state different-sized structure, including B layer, contacting from one side with A1 layer through C layer, and from another side - with A2 layer through D layer. A1 layer is made from a conductive material, the thickness of which is greater than the value of the de Broglie wave-length, and the Fermi level is located in the conduction zone. B layer is made from a conductive material in the form of donor doped semiconductor or semimetal, the thickness of which has to be less than the value of the de Broglie wave-length, and the Fermi level is located in the conduction zone. C layer presents a nanofilm made from a conductive material or a dielectric, the thickness of which and material composition allow to organize the tunneling of electrons from A1 layer to B layer and back from B layer to A1 layer, and to provide with possible significant domination of the tunneling current over the current of overbarrier electron transfer. A2 layer is made from a conductive material, the thickness of which is greater than the value of the de Broglie wave-length. C layer presents a nanofilm made from a conductive material or a dielectric, the thickness of which and material composition allow to organize the overbarrier electron transfer from A2 layer to B layer and back from B layer to A2 layer, and to provide with possible significant domination of the current of overbarrier electron transfer over the tunneling current.

Pyroelectric type infrared sensor

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

ENERGY RECOVERY AND REGENERATION SYSTEM

1. Система рекуперации и регенерации энергии, содержащая:по меньшей мере один пироэлектрический модуль рекуперации энергии (МРЭ), выполненный с возможностью генерировать напряжение в ответ на изменение температуры;трубопровод охлаждения, содержащий первую концевую часть, гидравлически связанную с источником охлаждающего агента обеспечивающим охлаждающим агентом, и вторую концевую часть, расположенную рядом с по меньшей мере одним пироэлектрическим МРЭ для подачи на него охлаждающего агента;клапан, расположенный между источником охлаждающего агента и по меньшей мере одним пироэлектрическим МРЭ, выполненный с возможностью регулировки расхода охлаждающего агента, который подается на по меньшей мере один пироэлектрический МРЭ для выработки энергии в ответ на изменение температуры; имодуль аккумулирования энергии, электрически связанный с пироэлектрическим МРЭ, выполненный с возможностью накопления и хранения напряжения, генерируемого по меньшей мере одним пироэлектрическим МРЭ.2. Система рекуперации и регенерации энергии по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что пироэлектрический МРЭ содержит первую поверхность, на которую подается охлаждающий агент, и вторую поверхность, получающую тепло.3. Система рекуперации и регенерации энергии по п. 2, отличающаяся тем, что первая концевая часть трубопровода охлаждения гидравлически связана с воздухозаборником обеспечивающим подачу холодного воздуха, а вторая концевая часть выполнена с возможностью подачи холодного воздуха на первую поверхность.4. Система рекуперации и регенерации энергии по п. 3, отличающаяся тем, что клапан выполнен с возможностью плавного регулирова РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК B64D 33/00 (13) 2014 122 857 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2014122857/11, 05.06.2014 (71) Заявитель(и): Хамильтон Сандстранд Корпорейшн (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): РИБАРОВ Любомир (US) 06.06.2013 US 13/911,687 Адрес для ...

Infrared temperature sensor, circuit board, and apparatus using infrared temperature sensor

検知対象物の測定部を効果的に特定でき、小型化が可能な表面実装型の赤外線温度センサを提供する。表面実装型の赤外線温度センサ１であって、一面側に開口部２１ａを有し、赤外線を導くように形成された導光部２１と、一面側に遮蔽壁２２ａを有し、赤外線を遮蔽するように形成された遮蔽部２２とを備えた熱伝導性を有する本体２と、前記本体２の他面側に配設された基板３と、前記基板３上に配置され、前記導光部２１に対応する位置に配設された赤外線検知用感熱素子４と、前記基板３上に、前記赤外線検知用感熱素子４と離間して配置され、前記遮蔽部２２に対応する位置に配設された温度補償用感熱素子５と、前記基板２上に形成され、前記赤外線検知用感熱素子４及び前記温度補償用感熱素子５に接続された配線パターン３１と、前記配線パターン３１に接続されるとともに、前記基板３上の端部側に形成された実装用端子３２とを備えている。 Provided is a surface-mount type infrared temperature sensor that can effectively specify a measurement part of a detection target and can be miniaturized. A surface-mount type infrared temperature sensor 1, which has an opening 21a on one surface side, a light guide portion 21 formed to guide infrared rays, and a shielding wall 22a on one surface side, and shields infrared rays. A main body 2 having thermal conductivity provided with a shielding portion 22 formed as described above, a substrate 3 disposed on the other surface side of the main body 2, and disposed on the substrate 3. The infrared detecting thermal element 4 disposed at a position corresponding to the infrared detecting thermal element 4 is disposed on the substrate 3 so as to be spaced apart from the infrared detecting thermal element 4 and disposed at a position corresponding to the shielding portion 22. A temperature-compensating thermal element 5, a wiring pattern 31 formed on the substrate 2 and connected to the infrared detecting thermal element 4 and the temperature-compensating thermal element 5, and connected to the wiring pattern 31; Mounting terminals formed on the end side on the substrate 3 And a 2.

Pyroelectric detector, pyroelectric detector and electronic device

A pyroelectric detector (200) includes a pyroelectric detection element (220), a support member (210), a fixing part (100) and a first reducing gas barrier layer (140, 280). A first side of the support member faces a cavity (102) and the pyroelectric detection element is mounted and supported on a second side opposite from the first side. An opening part (102A) communicated with the cavity is formed on a periphery of the support member in plan view from the second side of the support member. The fixing part supports the support member. The first reducing gas barrier layer covers a first surface of the support member on the first side, a side surface (211C) of the support member facing the opening part, and a part of a second surface (220A) of the support member on the second side and the pyroelectric detection element exposed as viewed from the second side of the support member.

A kind of generating composite membrane and preparation method thereof

本发明公开了一种发电复合膜及其制备方法，该发电复合膜包括碳材料、支架物以及粘结剂；其中，碳材料与支架物的质量比例为1:0.01～1:100，碳材料与粘结剂的质量比例为1:0.1～1:20；支架物均匀分散在所述碳材料中，作为支撑碳材料的框架，用于提高发电复合膜的机械强度和韧性；通过本发明提供的制备方法获得的发电复合膜，其碳材料和支架物通过粘结剂紧密结合形成具有自支撑且可弯曲特点的、类似钢筋混泥土的稳定结构；克服了现有技术的蒸发诱导流动发电装置受载片不可弯折且易碎的特点限制，而不便运输及安装的缺陷。

Method of bonding crystal layers to insulating substrates

A surface of an insulating substrate, if not wettable, is made wettable, then moistened with water and brought in intimate contact with a water soluble crystal layer, whereby a strong bond between the crystal and the substrate will result.

Infrared radiation element and gas sensor using the same

Method for forming electrode on electrothermal film

本发明提供了一种制造电热元件的方法，所述方法包括在包含电热材料的膜的相对表面上形成导电层以形成电热元件，其中所述导电层的所述形成包括以下一者或多者：在减压下对所述导电层进行一定持续时间的气相沉积，其中在减压下的所述持续时间少于240分钟；在减压下对所述导电层进行一定持续时间的气相沉积，其中暴露于导电材料沉积的所述持续时间少于240分钟；在减压下对所述导电层进行气相沉积，其中所述减压为10 ‑8 托至500托；或在所述导电层的形成期间保持所述膜处于小于或等于200℃的温度。

Micro- magnetic thermal device

一种磁热装置，包括：嵌入在两个热量传递结构(TD 热 ，TD 冷 )之间的至少一个磁热材料(5)；用于产生磁场的至少一个电源；至少一个液压回路，在液压回路中工作流体沿恒定的方向流动，并且液压回路包括用于工作流体的至少一个推进装置(6)，其中热量传递结构(TD 热 ，TD 冷 )适于控制热量在磁热材料(5)和工作流体之间的传递或运输。

Spin flow thermal conversion element and thermoelectric conversion element

　スピン流熱変換素子及び熱電変換素子に関し、熱的にスピン流を生成するとともに、その具体的応用を実現する。 　強磁性体部材或いは強磁性体を含有する導電性部材のいずれかからなる熱スピン流発生部材に、熱スピン流発生部材に温度勾配を形成する温度勾配形成手段を設ける。

Pryoelectric ceramics

Heat sensitive electric power generator

Thermal image exposure plate

A thermal image exposure plate is disclosed having a grid pattern on one side thereof exposed to thermal radiation. The grid pattern depth is less than a thickness of the plate. High image resolution and image sensitivity results. The plate is useful in thermal image exposure devices, particularly in a pyroelectric picture tube.

suspended membrane thermal detector comprising a deformable absorber

L’invention porte sur un détecteur thermique comportant une structure tridimensionnelle (2) adaptée à détecter un rayonnement électromagnétique, suspendue au-dessus et thermiquement isolée d’un substrat (10), comportant une membrane (20) et un absorbeur (30), celui-ci étant formé à base d’un alliage à mémoire de forme et étant adapté à présenter une configuration plane de détection lorsque sa température est inférieure ou égale à T1 et une configuration courbe de refroidissement lorsque sa température est supérieure à une température austénitique initiale As. Figure pour l’abrégé : Figure 2A Disclosed is a thermal detector comprising a three-dimensional structure (2) adapted to detect electromagnetic radiation, suspended above and thermally insulated from a substrate (10), comprising a membrane (20) and an absorber (30), the latter being formed on the basis of a shape memory alloy and being adapted to have a plane detection configuration when its temperature is less than or equal to T1 and a cooling curve configuration when its temperature is greater than an initial austenitic temperature As. Figure for abstract: Figure 2A

Process for making polarized material and polarized products

This invention relates to a process for making polarized material by forming a solution of a material capable of being polarized with a polarization solvent which can be removed by evaporation. The material in solution is poled to provide a polarized material which is free or substantially free of mechanically-induced orientation and which polarization is essentially stable up to the crystal melting point of the polar crystals or to softening point of the polarized material if non-crystal line. The polariza-tion solvent can be removed from the solution as desired either to a reduced level or completely, such as during poling or before or after poling.

SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING THERMAL AND / OR MECHANICAL ENERGY ENERGY ENERGY

PYROELECTRIC INFRARED DETECTOR

L'invention concerne un détecteur pyroélectrique d'infrarouges. Le détecteur comprend un substrat et des éléments pyroélectriques polymères montés sur les deux faces dudit substrat, les plaques électrodes d'un élément pyroélectrique étant reliées électriquement aux plaques-électrodes de polarités opposées de l'autre élément Application aux appareillages de contrôle. The invention relates to a pyroelectric infrared detector. The detector comprises a substrate and polymeric pyroelectric elements mounted on the two faces of said substrate, the electrode plates of one pyroelectric element being electrically connected to the electrode plates of opposite polarities of the other element Application to control equipment.

Piezo- and/or pyroelectric polymer composition, useful e.g. as imaging material in piezo- and/or pyroelectric component, comprises a matrix containing piezo- and/or pyroelectric (co)polymer and a nanoparticle comprising e.g. metal

Piezo- and/or pyroelectric polymer composition comprises a matrix containing at least one piezo- and/or pyroelectric polymer and/or copolymer and a nanoparticle, which comprises metal or metal alloy, dispersed in it. Independent claims are included for: (1) preparing the above polymer composition, comprising (a) mixing the nanoparticle with a solution containing at least one piezo- and/or pyroelectric polymer and/or copolymer in a solvent and separating the solvent, or (b) mixing at least one compound (produced from elemental metal or metal alloy) with the solution containing at least one piezo- and/or pyroelectric polymer and/or copolymer in a solvent in connection with the production of the nanoparticle and then separating the solvent, or (c) mixing the compound (produced from elemental metal or metal alloy) with the solution containing at least one piezo- and/or pyroelectric polymer and/or copolymer in a solvent, separating the solvent and then producing the nanoparticle in situ in the solid matrix; and (2) a piezo- and/or pyroelectric component comprising the above polymer composition.

Thermal detector comprising a thermal insulator made of expanded polymer.

Device and method for converting energy.

Un dispositivo para transformar energía térmica a energía eléctrica comprende un circuito (1) magnético que incluye por lo menos una porción (3) hecha del material magnético; medios (5) variables de temperatura para variar la temperatura en la porción hecha de material magnético alternativamente por encima y por debajo de una temperatura de transición de fase del material magnético para variar así la reluctancia del circuito magnético; y una bobina (7) dispuesta alrededor del circuito magnético en la que la energía eléctrica se induce en respuesta a un flujo magnético variable en el circuito magnético. El dispositivo comprende un condensador (9) conectado en paralelo con la bobina para formar así un circuito (11) resonante, en donde la frecuencia de resonancia del circuito resonante y la frecuencia variable de temperatura por encima y por debajo de la temperatura de transición de fase de material magnético dependen mutuamente para optimizar la salida de energía eléctrica.

DEVICE FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC ENERGY

1/ Dispositif (1) de génération d'énergie électrique à partir de la chaleur dissipée par une source chaude, comportant : ▪ un condensateur (2) comprenant deux électrodes (21, 22) entre lesquelles est présent un matériau ferroélectrique (23), ledit condensateur (2) étant agencé pour être positionné pour capter tout ou partie de la chaleur dissipée par ladite source chaude ; ▪ un élément capacitif (3) dont une première électrode (32) est reliée à une première électrode (21) dudit condensateur (2); ▪ un circuit de récupération (4) interposé entre la seconde électrode (21) dudit condensateur (2) et la seconde électrode (31) de l'élément capacitif (3), et apte à être traversé par le courant circulant entre lesdites secondes électrodes (21, 31). 1 / Apparatus (1) for generating electrical energy from the heat dissipated by a hot source, comprising: ▪ a capacitor (2) comprising two electrodes (21, 22) between which is present a ferroelectric material (23), said capacitor (2) being arranged to be positioned to capture all or part of the heat dissipated by said hot source; A capacitive element (3) of which a first electrode (32) is connected to a first electrode (21) of said capacitor (2); ▪ a recovery circuit (4) interposed between the second electrode (21) of said capacitor (2) and the second electrode (31) of the capacitive element (3), and able to be traversed by the current flowing between said second electrodes (21, 31).

THERMAL GENERATOR WITH MAGNETOCALORIC MATERIAL

METHOD FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC ENERGY IN AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DURING OPERATION THEREOF, CORRESPONDING INTEGRATED CIRCUIT, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD

Circuit intégré, comprenant au moins une région (RG) contenant au moins un matériau thermoélectrique (MTH) et configurée pour être soumise à au moins un gradient de température résultant d'une circulation d'un courant électrique dans moins une partie du circuit intégré (PSTA, PSTB) lors de son fonctionnement, et des moyens de sortie électriquement conducteurs couplés à ladite ou auxdites régions pour délivrer l'énergie électrique produite par le ou les matériaux thermoélectriques. Integrated circuit, comprising at least one region (RG) containing at least one thermoelectric material (MTH) and configured to be subjected to at least one temperature gradient resulting from circulation of an electric current in at least part of the integrated circuit ( PSTA, PSTB) during its operation, and electrically conductive output means coupled to said at least one region for delivering the electrical energy produced by the one or more thermoelectric materials.

COOLING DEVICE COMPRISING PARAMAGNETIC GARNET CERAMIC

Dispositif de refroidissement magnétique (100), par exemple pour la cryogénie, comportant un élément magnétocalorique (110), l’élément magnétocalorique (110) comprenant une céramique de grenat paramagnétique. La céramique de grenat présente, de préférence, une densité supérieure ou égale à 90%. La céramique de grenat est, de préférence, une céramique de grenat de gallium gadolinium ou une céramique de grenat de gallium ytterbium. Figure pour l’abrégé : Figure 2b. A magnetic cooling device (100), for example for cryogenics, comprising a magnetocaloric element (110), the magnetocaloric element (110) comprising a paramagnetic garnet ceramic. The garnet ceramic preferably has a density greater than or equal to 90%. The garnet ceramic is preferably a gallium gadolinium garnet ceramic or a gallium ytterbium garnet ceramic. Figure for abstract: Figure 2b.

PYROELECTRIC SENSOR ELEMENT AND DEVICES FOR DETECTION OF THERMAL PHENOMENA.

Elément détecteur pyroélectrique (P1 ,P2 ...), comprenant sur un substrat (10) une couche du type sérigraphié d'un matériau céramique piézoélectrique (3) disposée entre deux couches du type sérigraphié de matériaux conducteurs constituant des électrodes (2,4), caractérisé en ce qu'entre la première couche (2) de matériau conducteur et le substrat, (10), est disposée une couche (1) du type sérigraphié thermiquement isolante, en ce que la couche de matériau conducteur supérieure (4) est en même temps une couche thermiquement absorbante, et en ce que le matériau céramique (3) piézoélectrique présente en même temps des propriétés pyroélectriques. Application: détecteurs de phénomènes thermiques

Infra red detectors with improved sensitivity - using phase change in mixed crystal of barium and strontium titanates

Pyroelectric detector with a pyroelectric crystal operating in a region where the spontaneous polarisation depends not only on the temp. but also on a phase-transition between two ferroelectric phases of different crystal structure, the result being increased sensitivity in i.r. detectors used for temp. measurement or in image prodn. with several detectors in a matrix or a vidicon. The pref. crystal is a mixed crystal of barium titanate with, as second component, strontium titanate or barium-zirconate, -stannate or -antimonate. By altering the compsn. of the mixed crystal; applying a polarising field; and using heat if necessary, devices can be applied over a wide temp. range and in many applications.