Ingestible Supplement for Women

An ingestible nutritional substance (supplement and the like) including vitamins, minerals and other ingredients beneficial to a woman and/or her child that a woman may take at a time of her life surrounding pregnancy. This includes by ingesting determined and suited types and amounts of ingredients, including at selected times, to best assist the woman and/or infant's needs at the respective times. The ingestible supplement can be formulated for drinking with appropriate nutritional and health benefits as well as with desired lifestyle and taste and aesthetic attributes. The dosing and packaging of the supplement to best suit a specific class of woman's and baby's needs are also described. Other aspects are directed to the preservation, storage and dispensation of one or more ingredients that may not be stable with one another during storage. 1. A nutritional sequence for gestating women , comprising:a plurality of ingestible nutritional formulations, each of said formulations including a plurality of nutritional elements in respective dosages;said nutritional formulations each being designed and corresponding to a respective phase in a maternal cycle of a woman; andsaid nutritional formulations being provided in formats and servings appropriate to the health of the woman and her developing baby.2. The nutritional sequence of claim 1 , said formulations being provided in a drinkable substantially liquid form so that said woman takes a given serving of said drinkable liquid per unit time in order to receive an appropriate dose of the nutritional elements in said respective formulation corresponding to a phase of her maternal cycle.3. The nutritional sequence of claim 1 , said formulations being provided in a soluble or suspendable solid or powdered form that can be dissolved or suspended in a drinkable liquid so that said woman takes a given serving of said drinkable liquid with the dissolved nutrients per unit time in order to receive an appropriate dose of the ...

Detecting dose and focus variations during photolithography

A method, system, and computer usable program product for detecting dose and focus variations during photolithography are provided in the illustrative embodiments. A test shape is formed on a wafer, the wafer being used to manufacture integrated circuits, the test shape being formed using a dose value and a focus value that are predetermined for the manufacturing. A capacitance of the test shape is measured. The capacitance is resolved to a second dosing value and a second focus value using an extraction model. A difference between the dosing value and the second dosing value is computed. A recommendation is made for dosing adjustment in the manufacturing based on the difference.

Novel combination catalysts based on iron for the substantial synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition

Methods and systems of preparing a catalyst to be used in the synthesis of carbon nanotubes through Chemical Vapor Depositions are disclosed. The method may include a mixture comprising at least one of an iron catalyst source and a catalyst support. In another aspect, a method of synthesizing multi-walled carbon nanotubes using the catalyst is disclosed. The method may include driving a reaction in a CVD furnace and generating at least one multi-walled carbon nanotube through the reaction. The method also includes depositing the catalyst on the CVD furnace and driving a carbon source with a carrier gas to the CVD furnace. The method further includes decomposing the carbon source in the presence of the catalyst under a sufficient gas pressure for a sufficient time to grow at least one multi-walled carbon nanotube.

ADJUSTABLE WRITE BINS FOR MULTI-LEVEL ANALOG MEMORIES

Selecting bins in a memory by receiving a target cost for performing writes at an analog memory that is capable of storing a range of values. Possible bins that may be created in the range of values and a cost associated with each possible bin are determined. Each possible bin includes one or more of the values. A group of bins are identified, the group of bins are among the possible bins with associated costs that are within a threshold of the target cost. A maximum number of bins are selected from the group of bins that have non-overlapping values. The selected bins are stored along with the values of the selected bins utilized to encode and decode contents of the analog memory. 1. A computer implemented method for selecting bins in a memory , the method comprising:receiving, at a computer, a target cost for performing writes at an analog memory, the analog memory capable of storing a range of values;determining, at the computer, one or more possible bins that may be created in the range of values and a cost associated with each of the one or more possible bins, each of the one or more possible bins including one or more of the values;identifying at the computer a group of bins in the one or more possible bins with associated costs that are within a threshold of the target cost;selecting at the computer a maximum number of bins having non-overlapping values from the group of bins; andstoring the selected bins, the values of the selected bins utilized to encode and decode contents of the analog memory.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising identifying a first bin in the one or more possible bins that has an associated cost that is not within the threshold of the target cost claim 1 , wherein the first bin is one of the selected bins.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analog memory is phase change memory (PCM) and the range of values are resistance values.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the target cost is a number of iterations required to perform a ...

SIGNAL PROCESSING APPARATUS

The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to oximetry-based measurements. 1. A non-invasive optical based physiological monitoring system configured to determine a plurality of physiological parameters , the monitoring system comprising:a plurality of light emitting elements configured to emit light of at least two different wavelengths into tissue of a patient;a detector configured to detect the light of the at least two different wavelengths after it has been attenuated by the patients tissue and produce a signal indicative of the detected light; anda processing system configured to receive the signal produced by the detector and to process the signal in order to determine a first signal component indicative of a first physiological parameter and a second signal component indicative of a second physiological parameter;wherein the first physiological parameter is oxygen saturation and the second physiological parameter is respiration rate.2. The non-invasive optical based physiological monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the processing system uses a wavelet transform to process the signal.3. The non-invasive optical based physiological monitoring system of claim 1 , further comprising determining a heart rate measurement.4. The non-invasive optical based physiological monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein processing the signal further comprises correlation cancelling techniques.5. The non-invasive optical based physiological monitoring system of claim 4 , wherein the correlation cancelling techniques comprises an adaptive noise canceller.6. The non-invasive optical based physiological monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the second signal component is a reference ...

Novel combination catalysts based on iron for the substantial synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition

Methods and systems of preparing a catalyst to be used in the synthesis of carbon nanotubes through Chemical Vapor Depositions are disclosed. The method may include a mixture comprising at least one of an iron catalyst source and a catalyst support. In another aspect, a method of synthesizing multi-walled carbon nanotubes using the catalyst is disclosed. The method may include driving a reaction in a CVD furnace and generating at least one multi-walled carbon nanotube through the reaction. The method also includes depositing the catalyst on the CVD furnace and driving a carbon source with a carrier gas to the CVD furnace. The method further includes decomposing the carbon source in the presence of the catalyst under a sufficient gas pressure for a sufficient time to grow at least one multi-walled carbon nanotube.

Generating Capacitance Look-up Tables for Wiring Patterns in the Presence of Metal Fills

A computer system selects a signal conductor from an electronic circuit design layout and assigns a first potential to the selected signal conductor. Next, the computer system assigns a second potential to other signal conductors included in the electronic circuit design layout. The computer system then selects a metal fill from the electronic circuit design layout, which is void from carrying an electrical signal, and generates a zero charge equation for the selected metal fill. The zero charge equation establishes that a total charge residing on the selected metal fill is equal to zero. The computer system includes the zero charge equation in a system of equations, which includes grid point potential equations, and solves the system of equations. In turn, the computer system computes capacitance values for the signal conductors based upon the system of equation solutions, and simulates the electronic circuit design layout using the computed capacitance values. 1. A computer-implemented method to simulate an electronic design layout , the method comprising:selecting one of a plurality of signal conductors included in the electronic design layout, the electronic design layout including the plurality of signal conductors and a plurality of metal fills that are void from carrying an electrical signal;assigning, by one or more processing devices, a first potential to the selected signal conductor and assigning a second potential to the non-selected signal conductors, the first potential different than the second potential;selecting, by one or more of the processing devices, one of the plurality of metal fills and generating a zero charge equation for the selected metal fill, the zero charge equation establishing that a total charge residing on the selected metal fill is equal to zero;including the zero charge equation in a system of equations, the system of equations including a plurality of grid point potential equations;solving the system of equations using a ...

INCREASED CAPACITY HETEROGENEOUS STORAGE ELEMENTS

Providing increased capacity in heterogeneous storage elements including a method for storing data in a heterogeneous memory that includes receiving a write message and a write address corresponding to a block of memory cells where at least two of the memory cells support different data levels, determining physical characteristics of the memory cells, and identifying virtual memories associated with the block of memory cells in response to the physical characteristics. The following is performed for each of the virtual memories: generating a constraint vector that describes the virtual cells in the virtual memory; and calculating a virtual write vector in response to the constraint vector and the write data, the calculating including writing the write data, bit by bit, in order, into the virtual memory, skipping locations known to be stuck to a particular value as indicated by the constraint vector. The virtual write vectors are combined into a write word and the write word is output to the block of memory cells. 1. A method for storing data in a heterogeneous memory , the method comprising:receiving a write message and a write address corresponding to a block of memory cells, at least two of the memory cells supporting different data levels;determining physical characteristics of the memory cells;identifying virtual memories associated with the block of memory cells in response to the physical characteristics; generating a constraint vector that describes virtual cells in the virtual memory, the generating responsive to the physical characteristics of the physical memory cells, to previously generated constraint vectors, and to previously generated virtual write vectors; and', 'calculating a virtual write vector in response to the constraint vector and the write message, the calculating including writing the write message, bit by bit, in order, into the virtual memory, skipping locations known to be stuck to a particular value as indicated by the constraint vector ...

Generating Capacitance Look-up Tables for Wiring Patterns in the Presence of Metal Fills

A computer system selects a signal conductor from an electronic circuit design layout and assigns a first potential to the selected signal conductor. Next, the computer system assigns a second potential to other signal conductors included in the electronic circuit design layout. The computer system then selects a metal fill from the electronic circuit design layout, which is void from carrying an electrical signal, and generates a zero charge equation for the selected metal fill. The zero charge equation establishes that a total charge residing on the selected metal fill is equal to zero. The computer system includes the zero charge equation in a system of equations, which includes grid point potential equations, and solves the system of equations. In turn, the computer system computes capacitance values for the signal conductors based upon the system of equation solutions, and simulates the electronic circuit design layout using the computed capacitance values. 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:retrieving an electronic design layout that identifies a plurality of signal conductors and a plurality of metal fills;generating a zero charge equation that includes a metal fill surface potential variable assigned to a selected one of the plurality of metal fills, wherein the zero charge equation equals zero and corresponds to a plurality of neighboring metal fill grid points adjacent to the selected metal fill;generating one or more capacitance values corresponding to one or more of the plurality of signal conductors using the zero charge equation; andsimulating the electronic design layout using the generated one or more capacitance values.2. The method of wherein each of the plurality of signal conductors carry an electrical signal and each of the plurality of metal fills is devoid of carrying an electrical signal claim 1 , the method further comprising:assigning a first potential to a first one of the plurality of signal conductors and assigning a second ...

SIGNAL PROCESSING APPARATUS

The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to oximetry-based measurements but extends to other types of measurements. 1. A patient monitoring system configured to determine one or more physiological characteristics of a patient , the system comprising:a plurality of light emitters configured to emit light of at least two different wavelengths into tissue of a patient;a detector configured to detect the emitted light after attenuation by the tissue and output a signal indicative of the detected light; anda processing system configured to receive and process the detected light and determine information indicative of oxygen saturation, pulse rate and respiration rate, the processing system configured to reduce an effect of motion noise by using at least a frequency domain calculation.2. The patient monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the frequency domain calculation comprises a Fourier transform.3. The patient monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the processing system is further configured to determining a plurality of ratios of values based on the at least two different wavelengths.4. The patient monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the processing system is further configured to use at least a wavelet transform in the determination of at least a portion of the information.5. The patient monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the information comprises a primary signal and a reference signal claim 1 , the primary signal indicative of the oxygen saturation and the reference signal indicative of the respiration rate.6. A patient monitor configured to determine one or more physiological characteristics of a patient claim 1 , the system comprising:an input for receiving ...

ELECTRO-OPTICAL ASSEMBLY FOR SILICON PHOTONIC CHIP AND ELECTRO-OPTICAL CARRIER

An electro-optical device and method of assembly is disclosed. A first unit of the electro-optical device is positioned with respect to a second unit of the electro-optical device to pre-align an optical communication pathway between the first unit and the second unit. The first unit is positioned with respect to the second unit to pre-align an electrical communication pathway between the first unit and the second unit. The first unit is bonded to the second unit to assemble the electro-optical device to establish optical communication and electrical communication between the first unit and the second unit. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. An electro-optical device , comprising:a first unit having an optical coupling element and an electrical coupling element; anda second unit having an optical coupling element and an electrical coupling element;wherein an electrical bond between the first unit and the second unit establishes an electrical communication pathway between the first unit and the second unit and aligns an optical communication pathway between the first unit and the second unit.11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the first unit includes an optical element and the second unit includes an optical element and the optical element of the first unit is configured to pre-align with the optical element of the second unit for optical communication between the first unit and the second unit.12. The device of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the optical coupling elements is selected from the group consisting of: an optical emitter; an optical receiver; an optical waveguide; a micro-lens; a micro-mirror; a diffractive element; and a diffractive grating coupler.13. The device of claim 11 , wherein the second unit includes a waveguide that is configured to be one of: substantially in a plane of an optical port of the first unit; and substantially out of a plane of an optical port ...

Modular electrical signal supply assemblies and vehicles including the same

A modular electrical signal supply assembly includes at least one power/data strip (PDS) configured to provide an electrical signal to an electrical device and at least one mounting clip configured to couple each PDS to a sub-floor surface structure. A vehicle includes an interior cabin with an electrical signal distribution system that includes at least one modular electrical signal supply assembly and at least one electrical devices. Each modular electrical signal supply assembly includes a PDS and a mounting clip. Each PDS is configured to provide an electrical signal to an electrical device and is electrically coupled to at least one other PDS.

OPTIMIZING WASTE SLURRY DISPOSAL IN FRACTURED INJECTION OPERATIONS

Methods and apparatus are provided for optimizing operations for a fracturing injection waste disposal well especially where the formation is damaged or tight such that pressure fall-off tests are impractical due to extended leak-off rate times. Formation closure pressure and formation stress are calculated using Instantaneous Shut-in Pressure rather than traditional methods requiring actual fracture closure. 1. A method of predicting fracture closure pressure in a target zone of an injection well having a wellbore extending through the target zone , the method comprising:using instantaneous shut-in pressure (ISIP) data from the well, the ISIP data taken from a plurality of fall-off tests performed on the well after a plurality of injection cycles at pressures above the fracture pressure of the target zone, the fall-off tests for durations less than the fracture closure times;calculating fracture closing pressures corresponding to the plurality of fall-off tests; andpredicting, using the calculated fracture closing pressures, at least one future fracture closure pressure for a future injection cycle in the target zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating fracture closure pressures further comprises using formation properties are taken from the group consisting of: formation permeability claim 1 , Young's modulus claim 1 , Poisson's ratio claim 1 , formation pressure claim 1 , overburden stress and porosity.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: calculating formation stress corresponding to the plurality of fall-off tests; and predicting claim 1 , using the calculated formation stress claim 1 , at least one future formation stress for a future injection cycle in the target zone.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: creating an injection history from the calculated fracture closure pressures; dividing the injection history into one or more injection intervals based on changes in injection flow rates or batch volumes used in the plurality of ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ION MOBILITY SEPARATIONS UTILIZING ALTERNATING CURRENT WAVEFORMS

Methods and apparatuses for ion manipulations, including ion trapping, transfer, and mobility separations, using traveling waves (TW) formed by continuous alternating current (AC) are disclosed. An apparatus for ion manipulation includes a surface to which are coupled a first plurality of continuous electrodes and a second plurality of segmented electrodes. The second plurality of segmented electrodes is arranged in longitudinal sets between or adjacent to the first plurality of electrodes. An RF voltage applied to adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes is phase shifted by approximately 180° to confine ions within the apparatus. An AC voltage waveform applied to adjacent electrodes within a longitudinal set of the second plurality of segmented electrodes is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes by 1°-359° to move ions longitudinally through the apparatus for separation. 1. An apparatus for ion manipulations , comprising:at least one surface;a first plurality of continuous electrodes coupled to the at least one surface and in electrical communication with a radiofrequency (RF) voltage source, wherein an RF voltage applied to adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes by the RF voltage source is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes by approximately 180°; anda second plurality of segmented electrodes coupled to the at least one surface and arranged in longitudinal sets between or adjacent to the first plurality of electrodes, the second plurality of segmented electrodes being further in electrical communication with an alternating current (AC) voltage source, wherein an AC voltage waveform applied to adjacent electrodes within a longitudinal set of the second plurality of segmented electrodes by the AC voltage source is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes of the second plurality of electrodes by 1°-359°.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of guard electrodes ...

METHOD FOR DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN NATURAL FORMATION HYDROCARBON AND CRACKED HYDROCARBON USING MUD GAS MEASUREMENTS

A method may include collecting a sample of mud gas during a wellbore drilling operation, associating the sample with a depth of the wellbore, and detecting concentrations of methane, ethane and ethylene. With the detected concentrations, a determination can be made as to the degree of a mud gas artifact event occurring, including determining the differences between the logarithmic values of concentrations of methane and total C2 concentration and the logarithmic values of total C2 concentration and ethane. A visually displayed mud gas log is modified to indicate the degree of the determined mud gas artifact event. 1. A method comprising:collecting a sample of a mud gas from a drilling fluid used during a drilling operation to form a wellbore;associating the collected mud gas sample with a depth of the wellbore during the drilling operation;detecting the concentration of ethane, the concentration of ethylene, and the concentration of methane in the drilling fluid at the depth;determining the concentration of total C2 gases in the drilling fluid at the depth;determining a first difference between the logarithmic value of the detected concentration of methane and the logarithmic value of the determined concentration of total C2 gases at the depth;determining a second difference between the logarithmic value of the determined concentration of total C2 gases and the logarithmic value of the detected concentration of ethane at the depth;determining a degree of artifact gases present in the drilling fluid at the depth based upon the detected concentration of methane and ethylene, and the determined concentration of total C2 gases, the first difference and the second difference; andmodifying a visually displayed mud drilling log to reflect the determined degree of artifact gases present in the drilling fluid at the depth.2. The method of where determining the degree of artifact gases present in the drilling fluid at the depth includes determining whether the detected value ...

Systems and methods for integrating ion mobility and ion trap mass spectrometers

Described herein are examples of systems and methods for integrating IMS and MS systems. In certain examples, systems and methods for decoding double multiplexed data are described. The systems and methods can also perform multiple refining procedures in order to minimize the demultiplexing artifacts. The systems and methods can be used, for example, for the analysis of proteomic and petroleum samples, where the integration of IMS and high mass resolution are used for accurate assignment of molecular formulae.

PLASMA REACTOR HAVING AN ARRAY OF PLURAL INDIVIDUALLY CONTROLLED GAS INJECTORS ARRANGED ALONG A CIRCULAR SIDE WALL

A plasma reactor has an array of plural gas injectors arranged around a circular side wall that are individually controlled. 1. A plasma reactor comprising:a cylindrical vacuum chamber enclosure;an RF plasma source power applicator and an RF source power generator coupled to said applicator;plural passages extending in a radial direction through said vacuum chamber enclosure and being spaced apart along a circumference of said vacuum chamber enclosure;a process gas supply;a succession of detachable gas flow lines spaced from and outside of said vacuum chamber enclosure and arranged end-to-end around the circumference of said vacuum chamber enclosure, and a gas supply line coupled between said succession of gas flow lines and said process gas supply;plural external gas flow valves outside of said vacuum chamber enclosure and coupled between successive ones of said gas flow lines at respective locations spaced apart relative to said circumference of said vacuum chamber enclosure, each of said valves having: (a) a controlled gas output port individually coupled to a respective one of said plural passages, (b) a valve control input governing gas flow through said controlled gas output port, (c) an input flow-through port connected to a first one of a corresponding pair of said gas flow lines, (d) an output flow-through port connected to the other one of the corresponding pair of said gas flow lines, (e) a flow-through passage between said input and output flow-through ports, wherein each of said gas flow lines is separately disconnectable from the valve to which it is connected;a workpiece support within said vacuum chamber enclosure having a support surface for supporting a workpiece; anda gas valve configuration controller controlling the valve control input of each of said valves.2. The reactor of wherein said external valves are separately removable from said vacuum chamber enclosure and separately re-connectable to said vacuum chamber enclosure.3. The reactor of ...

DEVICE AND METHOD TO MANIPULATE IONS IN MULTI-LEVEL SYSTEM

An apparatus includes multiple levels of ion transport channels, with successive levels coupled by elevator channels. Efficient three dimensional packing provides long path lengths in practical volumes for ion mobility separation with high resolving power. Disclosed elevator configurations provide efficient routing of ion transport channels across levels with low ion loss, enabling ion mobility separation over 100 levels or more. Elevator configurations include (i) opposed traveling waves meeting at an elevator entrance, (ii) external elevator with a wrap-around electrode bank, (iii) external elevator with electrode banks on parallel extension plates, or (iv) elevator operating in surfing mode, in various combinations. Manufacture is aided by printed wiring boards, with interchangeable boards. Assembly with motherboard, spacer block(s), and alignment pins provides efficient distribution of electrode excitations and accurate reproducible positioning.

Light transmissive carpet for vehicle

A light transmissive carpet includes a pile including strands of a light transmissive yarn. The light transmissive yarn includes a fiber blend of interspersed colored fibers and unpigmented fibers. The unpigmented fibers in the light transmissive yarn are translucent and transmit light therethrough.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPATIAL COMPRESSION AND INCREASED MOBILITY RESOLUTION OF IONS

Methods and apparatuses for ion peak compression and increasing resolution of ions are disclosed. Packets of ions are introduced into a device. A first electric field is applied for dispersing the ion packets temporally or spatially according to their mobilities. A second intermittent traveling wave is applied for regrouping or merging the dispersed ion packets into a lesser number of trapping regions with narrower peaks. The ions packets are compressed into the narrower peak regions by varying a duty cycle of the intermittent traveling wave. 120.-. (canceled)21. An ion manipulation apparatus comprising:a first region configured to receive an ion packet comprising a plurality of ions; receive a first ion sub-packet comprising a first portion of the plurality of ions of the ion packet, and', 'generate an electric field waveform traveling along a first direction and having a varying duty cycle, the electric field waveform configured to drive the received first ion sub-packet along the first direction and generate a compressed ion sub-packet from the first ion sub-packet., 'a second region separate from the first region, the second region configured to22. The ion manipulation device of claim 21 , wherein the electric field waveform travels from a first sub-region of the second region to a second sub-region of the second region claim 21 , wherein the varying duty cycle of the electric field waveform changes from a first duty cycle in the first sub-region to a second duty cycle in the second sub-region.23. The ion manipulation device of claim 22 , wherein change in the duty cycle from the first duty cycle to the second duty cycle is configured to generate the compressed ion sub-packet in the second sub-region from the first ion sub-packet in the first sub-region.24. The ion manipulation device of claim 22 , wherein the second region is further configured to receive a second ion sub-packet comprising a second portion of the plurality of ions of the ion packet claim 22 , ...

Methods and systems for ion manipulation

An ion manipulation device comprises a plurality of electrode rings arranged longitudinally adjacent to each other and defining a central axis therethrough. At least one electrode ring comprises a plurality of electrodes arranged in a first planar pattern. Electrodes are configured to periodically receive a voltage to generate a circular traveling wave that rotates around the electrodes of each electrode ring to confine ions within an interior of the apparatus.

ION MANIPULATION DEVICE

An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area. 1. An ion manipulation device comprising: an inner array of electrodes coupled thereto, the inner array of electrodes configured to receive a radiofrequency (RF) voltage and generate a pseudopotential that inhibits ions from approaching the first and second surfaces, wherein at least two electrodes of the inner array of electrodes are positioned adjacent to one another along the longitudinal axis, and', 'a first array of outer electrodes and a second array of outer electrodes coupled thereto, the first array of outer electrodes and the second array of outer electrodes each configured to receive a first direct current (DC) voltage and generate a first DC potential, wherein the generated pseudopotential and the first DC potential manipulate movement of ions between the first and second surface., 'at least one pair of surfaces comprising a first surface and a second surface extending along a longitudinal axis and defining a space therebetween dimensioned to receive ions, each of the first and second surfaces including2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inner array of electrodes is ...

SOLID COMPOSITIONS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL USE

The invention relates to solid compositions that may be suitable for administering a therapeutic agent to a subject. The invention also relates to methods of making such solid compositions. The invention further relates to methods of treating a disease, condition, or disorder by administering to a subject such solid compositions. 1. A solid composition , the solid composition comprising a plurality of hydrogel particles , wherein the hydrogel particles each comprise one or more hydrophilic polymers and a therapeutic agent.2. The solid composition of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the one or more hydrophilic polymers is an ionic polymer.3. The solid composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more hydrophilic polymers is PEGylated.4. The solid composition of claim 2 , wherein the hydrogel particles each contain two or more ionic polymers.5. The solid composition of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the two or more ionic polymers is PEGylated.6. The solid composition of claim 5 , wherein at least one of the PEGylated ionic polymers is a PEGylated polysaccharide.7. The solid composition of claim 6 , wherein the PEGylated polysaccharide is a PEGylated chitosan claim 6 , a PEGylated cellulose claim 6 , or a mixture thereof.8. The solid composition of claim 3 , wherein the hydrogel particles comprise one or more non-PEGylated hydrophilic polymers.9. The solid composition of claim 6 , wherein the hydrogel particles comprise one or more non-PEGylated ionic polymers.10. The solid composition of claim 9 , wherein the one or more non-PEGylated ionic polymers is an alginate claim 9 , a chitosan claim 9 , a hydroxylated cellulose claim 9 , a carboxylated cellulose claim 9 , a mucin claim 9 , a carrageenan claim 9 , a hyaluronate claim 9 , or a mixture thereof.11. The solid composition of claim 10 , wherein the non-PEGylated ionic polymer is an alginate or derivatives thereof.12. The solid composition of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the two or more ionic ...

Adjusting a fuel on-board a vehicle

A fuel separation system includes a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; and a heat exchanger fluidly coupled between a fuel input of the fuel stream and the fuel separator, the heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the vapor stream to the fuel stream, and output a heated fuel stream to the fuel separator and a second liquid stream defined by the first auto-ignition characteristic value.

Ion manipulation method and device

An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area.

DEVICE TO MANIPULATE IONS OF SAME OR DIFFERENT POLARITIES

An apparatus includes a first pair of opposing electrode arrangements that confine ions between them in a portion of a confinement volume inwardly laterally in a first confinement direction with respect to a longitudinal ion propagation direction, each opposing electrode arrangement including an arrangement of RF electrodes situated to receive an unbiased RF voltage having an alternate phase between adjacent RF electrodes of the arrangement of RF electrodes so as to provide the confining of ions between the first pair of opposing electrode arrangements, and a second pair of opposing electrode arrangements that confine the ions between the second pair in the confinement volume inwardly laterally in a second confinement direction that complements the first confinement direction, each opposing electrode arrangement of the second pair including an arrangement of RF electrodes that receive an unbiased RF voltage having an alternate phase between adjacent RF electrodes. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a first pair of opposing electrode arrangements situated to confine ions between the first pair opposing electrode arrangements in a confinement volume portion of a confinement volume inwardly laterally in a first confinement direction with respect to a longitudinal ion propagation direction, each opposing electrode arrangement of the first pair including an arrangement of RF electrodes situated to receive an unbiased RF voltage having an alternate phase between adjacent RF electrodes of the arrangement of RF electrodes of the opposing electrode arrangement of the first pair so as to provide the confining of ions between the first pair of opposing electrode arrangements; anda second pair of opposing electrode arrangements separate from the first pair of opposing electrode arrangements and situated to confine the ions between the second pair of opposing electrode arrangements in the confinement volume inwardly laterally in a second confinement direction that complements the ...

ION MANIPULATION DEVICE TO PREVENT LOSS OF IONS

An ion manipulation method and device to prevent loss of ions is disclosed. The device includes a pair of surfaces. An inner array of electrodes is coupled to the surfaces. A RF voltage and a DC voltage are alternately applied to the inner array of electrodes. The applied RF voltage is alternately positive and negative so that immediately adjacent or nearest neighbor RF applied electrodes are supplied with RF signals that are approximately 180 degrees out of phase. 1. An ion manipulation device to prevent loss of ions comprising:a. a pair of surfaces;b. an inner array of electrodes coupled to the surfaces; andc. a RF voltage and a DC voltage being alternately applied to the inner array of electrodes, wherein the applied RF voltage is alternately positive and negative so that immediately adjacent or nearest neighbor RF applied electrodes are supplied with RF signals that are approximately 180 degrees out of phase.2. The device of further comprising a first outer electrode array coupled to the surface and positioned on one side of the inner array of electrodes claim 1 , and a second outer electrode array coupled to the surface and positioned on the other side of the inner array of electrodes.3. The device of wherein a second DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer electrode arrays.4. The device of further comprising multiple pairs of surfaces claim 1 , wherein transfer of the ions is allowed through an aperture and guided by a series of electrodes to move between different pairs of surfaces of the multiple pairs of surfaces.5. The device of wherein the device is coupled to at least one of the following: a charge detector claim 1 , an optical detector claim 1 , and a mass spectrometer.6. The device of wherein the device is used to perform ion mobility separations.7. The device of wherein the DC voltage is a static or time-varying DC voltage.8. The device of wherein the time-varying DC voltage is a traveling wave voltage.9. The device of wherein the surfaces ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ION MOBILITY SEPARATIONS

Methods and devices for ion separations or manipulations in gas phase are disclosed. The device includes a single non-planar surface. Arrays of electrodes are coupled to the surface. A combination of RF and DC voltages are applied to the arrays of electrodes to create confining and driving fields that move ions through the device. The DC voltages are static DC voltages or time-dependent DC potentials or waveforms. 1. An ion mobility separation or manipulation device comprising:a. a single, non-planar surface;b. arrays of electrodes coupled to the surface; andc. a combination of RF and DC voltages applied to the arrays of electrodes to create confining and driving fields that move ions through the device.2. The device of further comprising one or more surfaces and/or electrodes external to the device to create additional electric fields on the device.3. The device of wherein voltages applied to the external surfaces and/or electrodes are turned on or turned off.4. The device of wherein the arrays of electrodes coupled to the surface extend above the surface and vary in the distance above the surface.5. The device of wherein one or more of the arrays of electrodes coupled to the surface are turned on or turned off by the external surfaces and/or electrodes.6. The device of wherein the single claim 1 , non-planar surface includes arrays of electrodes on each side of the single claim 1 , non-planar surface.7. The device of wherein the device is located in a partially or completely transparent cover or enclosure.8. The device of wherein the single claim 1 , non-planar surface is one of the following shapes: curved claim 1 , cylindrical claim 1 , a spiral claim 1 , a funnel claim 1 , hemispherical claim 1 , or elliptical.9. The device of wherein the arrays of electrodes comprise one or more arrays of inner RF electrodes and a plurality of arrays of outer DC electrodes claim 1 , wherein the inner array of RF electrodes and the outer array of DC electrodes extend ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ION MOBILITY SEPARATIONS UTILIZING ALTERNATING CURRENT WAVEFORMS

Methods and apparatuses for ion manipulations, including ion trapping, transfer, and mobility separations, using traveling waves (TW) formed by continuous alternating current (AC) are disclosed. An apparatus for ion manipulation includes a surface to which are coupled a first plurality of continuous electrodes and a second plurality of segmented electrodes. The second plurality of segmented electrodes is arranged in longitudinal sets between or adjacent to the first plurality of electrodes. An RF voltage applied to adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes is phase shifted by approximately 180° to confine ions within the apparatus. An AC voltage waveform applied to adjacent electrodes within a longitudinal set of the second plurality of segmented electrodes is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes by 1°-359° to move ions longitudinally through the apparatus for separation.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR INTEGRATING ION MANIPULATION DEVICES

A switch for coupling a first ion manipulation device to a second ion manipulation device comprises a first surface and a second surface, at least one first electrode coupled to each of the first and second surface and configured to receive a first voltage and generate a first potential, and at least one second electrode coupled to each of the first and second surface and configured to receive a second voltage and generate a second potential, wherein the first potential inhibits the motion of ions along a first direction and the second potential inhibits the motion of ions along a second direction different from the first direction. 1. A switch for coupling a first ion manipulation device to a second ion manipulation device comprising:a first surface and a second surface;at least one first electrode coupled to each of the first and second surface and configured to receive a first voltage and generate a first potential; andat least one second electrode coupled to each of the first and second surface and configured to receive a second voltage and generate a second potential;wherein the first potential inhibits the motion of ions along a first direction and the second potential inhibits the motion of ions along a second direction different from the first direction.2. The switch of claim 1 , wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.3. The switch of claim 1 , wherein the switch is configured to operate in either a first mode of operation or a second mode of operation;wherein, in the first mode of operation, the at least one first electrode does not receive the first voltage and the at least one second electrode receives the second voltage, such that ions in the switch move along the first direction; andwherein, in the second mode of operation, the at least one first electrode receives the first voltage and the at least one second electrode does not receive the second voltage, such that ions in the switch move along the second direction.4. The ...

High pressure grease fitting tool for online replacement

A grease fitting replacement tool includes a housing, a shaft, an adaptive socket, a loosening device, loosening device includes a packed coupling, a stem housing, and a stem drive system, the stem drive system includes a stem, a threaded mount, and an actuator, a main valve, a fall-out trap, a pressure port valve, a vent valve, a pressure gauge, and a temporary mounting system. A method of using a grease fitting replacement tool to replace a grease fitting of a piece of equipment while the piece of equipment remains in operation.

Frequency Modulated Radio Frequency Electric Field For Ion Manipulation

A method of manipulating ions comprises injecting ions between a first surface and a second surface positioned parallel to and spaced apart from each other and defining a central axis therebetween, wherein the first surface comprises first outer electrodes coupled to the first surface and a first inner array of electrodes coupled to the first surface and positioned between the first outer electrodes, wherein the second surface comprises second outer electrodes coupled to the second surface and a second inner array of electrodes coupled to the second surface and positioned between the second outer electrodes, and applying a frequency modulated RF voltage to at least one electrode of the first inner array of electrodes or the second inner array of electrodes to confine ions between the first surface and the second surface and to guide ions between the first surface and the second surface along the central axis. 1. A method of manipulating ions comprising:injecting ions between a first surface and a second surface positioned parallel to and spaced apart from each other and defining a central axis therebetween;wherein the first surface comprises first outer electrodes coupled to the first surface and a first inner array of electrodes coupled to the first surface and positioned between the first outer electrodes;wherein the second surface comprises second outer electrodes coupled to the second surface and a second inner array of electrodes coupled to the second surface and positioned between the second outer electrodes; andapplying a frequency modulated RF voltage to at least one electrode of the first inner array of electrodes or the second inner array of electrodes to confine ions between the first surface and the second surface and to guide ions between the first surface and the second surface along the central axis.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the frequency modulated RF voltage applied to the at least one electrode of first the inner array of electrodes or the ...

FLEXIBLE SPLICE PROTECTOR ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR PREPARING SAME

A method of protecting a fusion splice of first and second fiber optic cables includes: 1. An assembly , comprising:first and second fiber optic cables, each of the first and second fiber optic cables including an exposed portion of an optical fiber and an overlying jacket, wherein the optical fiber of the first fiber optic cable is fusion spliced to the optical fiber of the second fiber optic cable to form a splice area;a splice protector that surrounds the splice area of the first and second fiber optic cables;a lower shell member;an upper shell member that overlies the lower channel to form a shell with a cavity therein; anda member formed of activatable material residing in the upper shell member within the cavity;wherein the splice protector and the exposed portions of optical fibers of the first and second fiber optic cables reside in the cavity.2. The assembly defined in claim 1 , wherein the member of activatable material is melted and at least partially covers the splice protector.3. The assembly defined in claim 1 , wherein the activatable material comprises a material that is activatable by heat.4. The assembly defined in claim 3 , wherein the activatable material comprises a hot melt adhesive.5. The assembly defined in claim 1 , wherein the lower shell member comprises a channel.6. The assembly defined in claim 5 , wherein the upper shell member comprises a channel.7. An assembly claim 5 , comprising:first and second fiber optic cables, each of the first and second fiber optic cables including an exposed portion of an optical fiber and an overlying jacket, wherein the optical fiber of the first fiber optic cable is fusion spliced to the optical fiber of the second fiber optic cable to form a splice area;a splice protector that surrounds the splice area of the first and second fiber optic cables;a lower channel having side walls that define a gap;an upper member formed of activatable material positioned in the gap in the lower channel, the upper member ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR LOW-POWER SINGLE-WIRE COMMUNICATION

Systems and methods for low-power single-wire communication are provided. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a transmitter to transmit a data word to a receiver using low-power single-wire communication includes receiving the data word to be transmitted to the receiver. The method also includes encoding the data word to be transmitted in a Pulsed Index Communication (PIC) format to produce a PIC data word and transmitting the PIC data word to the receiver. In this way, the transmitter may be able to transmit an increased amount of data while maintaining a simple communication protocol that uses low power and does not require a Clock-Data Recovery circuit. 1. A method of operation of a transmitter to transmit a data word to a receiver using low-power single-wire communication , the method comprising:receiving the data word to be transmitted to the receiver;encoding the data word to be transmitted in a Pulsed Index Communication (PIC) format to produce a PIC data word; andtransmitting the PIC data word to the receiver.2. The method of wherein encoding the data word to be transmitted in the PIC format to produce the PIC data word comprises:determining a set of ON indexes which are the indexes of the data word that contain a logical True value; andgenerating a number of pulses corresponding to the value of the index for each index in the set of ON indexes to produce the PIC data word.3. The method of wherein encoding the data word to be transmitted in the PIC format to produce the PIC data word further comprises:determining whether to invert the ON indexes in the data word prior to determining the set of ON indexes which are the indexes of the data word that contain the logical True value.4. The method of wherein determining whether to invert the ON indexes in the data word comprises determining that inverting the ON indexes in the data word results in fewer pulses to transmit than if the data word were not inverted.5. The method of wherein encoding the data ...

FLEXIBLE SPLICE PROTECTOR ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR PREPARING SAME

An assembly includes: first and second fiber optic cables, each of the first and second fiber optic cables including an exposed portion of an optical fiber and an overlying jacket, wherein the optical fiber of the first fiber optic cable is fusion spliced to the optical fiber of the second fiber optic cable to form a splice area; a splice protector that surrounds the splice area of the first and second fiber optic cables; a flexible tube that encircles the splice protector, the exposed portions of the first and second fiber optic cables, and end portions of the jackets of the first and second fiber optic cables, wherein the splice protector, the exposed portions of optical fibers of the first and second fiber optic cables reside in a lumen of the flexible tube; first and second adhesive barriers positioned between an inner surface of the flexible tube and the end portions of the first and second fiber optic cables, respectively; and an outer sleeve that circumferentially overlies the flexible tube and portions of the jackets of the first and second fiber optic cables. 1. An assembly , comprising:first and second fiber optic cables, each of the first and second fiber optic cables including an exposed portion of an optical fiber and an overlying jacket, wherein the optical fiber of the first fiber optic cable is fusion spliced to the optical fiber of the second fiber optic cable to form a splice area;a splice protector that surrounds the splice area of the first and second fiber optic cables;a flexible tube that encircles the splice protector, the exposed portions of the first and second fiber optic cables, and end portions of the jackets of the first and second fiber optic cables;wherein the splice protector, the exposed portions of optical fibers of the first and second fiber optic cables reside in a lumen of the flexible tube;first and second adhesive barriers positioned between an inner surface of the flexible tube and the end portions of the first and second ...

Secured and Noise-suppressed Multidirectional Gesture Recognition

The subject matter disclosed herein relates to detecting unidirectional or multidirectional movement(s) or gesture(s) made by moving object(s). Aspects of the disclosure pertain to a system and method for mining real-time deviation in illuminance of light reflected off moving object(s) to detect movement(s) or gesture(s) made by the moving object(s). The system contains a singular or a plurality of coupling(s), each consisting a light source and a light sensor unit pair, arranged in a specific spatial configuration directing towards single or multiple direction(s) along with a computational unit. The method performs individual noise elimination over data collected in temporal domain by each coupling to enable the system to perform under any lighting conditions and any external noises. Besides, mapping between gesture(s) and corresponding input signal(s) can be varied dynamically leading towards a highly-secured system that will be extremely difficult to break through eavesdropping or any other security threats attempted by outsiders.

Compositions and methods for treating and preventing chronic pain

Provided herein are compositions and methods for managing and minimizing chronic pain. In particular, provided herein are systems and methods for managing and minimizing chronic pain with light therapy.

ION TRAP DEVICE

An ion trap device is disclosed. The device includes a series of electrodes that define an ion flow path. A radio frequency (RF) field is applied to the series of electrodes such that each electrode is phase shifted approximately 180 degrees from an adjacent electrode. A DC voltage is superimposed with the RF field to create a DC gradient to drive ions in the direction of the gradient. A second RF field or DC voltage is applied to selectively trap and release the ions from the device. Further, the device may be gridless and utilized at high pressure. 1. An ion trap device comprising:a. a series of electrodes that define an ion flow path;b. a first radio frequency (RF) field applied to the series of electrodes such that a first RF waveform on each electrode is phase shifted approximately 180 degrees from the first RF waveform on an adjacent electrode;c. a DC voltage superimposed with the RF field to create a DC gradient to drive ions in the direction of the gradient; andd. two or more wires substantially perpendicular to the ion path and to repel the ions, wherein a second RF waveform applied to each wire is phase shifted approximately 180 degrees from the second RF waveform applied to an adjacent wire by application of a second RF field to the wires, and wherein the device is gridless.2. The ion trap device of wherein the series of electrodes are a series of stacked ring electrodes that define the ion flow path.3. The ion trap device of wherein each of the electrodes in the series has an inner geometry perimeter that is equal to claim 2 , greater than claim 2 , or smaller than claim 2 , an adjacent electrode in the series.4. The ion trap device of wherein the one or more wires are substantially parallel to one another.5. The ion trap device of wherein the device operates at a pressure of about 50 mtorr or higher.6. The ion trap device of wherein the DC gradient is between about 0 V/cm and about 100 V/cm.7. An ion trap device comprising:a. a first set of electrodes ...

OPTIMIZING WASTE SLURRY DISPOSAL IN FRACTURED INJECTION OPERATIONS

Methods and apparatus are provided for optimizing operations for a fracturing injection waste disposal well especially where the formation is damaged or tight such that pressure fall-off tests are impractical due to extended leak-off rate times. Formation closure pressure and formation stress are calculated using Instantaneous Shut-in Pressure rather than traditional methods requiring actual fracture closure. 1. A method of predicting stress increment increases in a target zone of a fractured disposal injection well having a wellbore extending through the target zone , the target zone bounded by an upper boundary zone and a lower boundary zone , the method comprising:determining target zone formation properties;calculating model coefficients from the target zone formation properties;using instantaneous shut-in pressure (ISIP) data from the well to predict historical fracture closure pressure data, the ISIP data taken from a plurality of fall-off tests performed after a plurality of waste injection cycles, the fall-off tests for durations less than the fracture closure times, thereby creating an injection history;dividing the injection history into injection intervals based on changes in injection flow rates or batch volumes used in the plurality of waste injection cycles; andfor each injection interval, determining trends in predicted fracture closure pressure over time or cumulative injected volume.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining target zone disposal capacity based on the determination of the trends in predicted fracture closure pressure and based on a stress limit.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the upper boundary zone has an overburden stress claim 2 , and wherein the overburden stress is the stress limit.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the stress limit is selected to prevent breach of the upper or lower boundary zones.5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising determining anticipated target zone disposal capacity based on a ...

PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Pharmaceutical formulations are described for use in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The formulations comprise polymeric nanoparticles encapsulated within crosslinked polymeric hydrogel microparticles, wherein the polymeric nanoparticles carry a therapeutic agent suitable for treatment of PAH loaded within them (for example, prostacyclin synthetic analogs, PPAR β agonists and NO donors). Preferred formulations are inhalable, dry powder pharmaceutical formulations, which are able to swell on administration to the lungs of a patient. 1. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising polymeric nanoparticles encapsulated within crosslinked polymeric microparticles , wherein the polymeric nanoparticles carry a therapeutic agent suitable for treatment of PAH loaded within them , for use in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).2. The formulation of which is an inhalable claim 1 , dry powder pharmaceutical formulation.3. The formulation of which is an oral pharmaceutical formulation.4. The formulation of which is an injectable pharmaceutical formulation.5. The formulation of wherein the nanoparticles have a mean particle diameter of from 1 to 500 nm.6. The formulation of wherein the microparticles comprise a pH responsive carrier.7. The formulation of claim 6 , wherein the crosslinked microparticles have a mean particle diameter from 1 to 5 μm for inhalable formulations claim 6 , and from 1 to 500 μm claim 6 , most preferably from 1 to 250 μm for oral formulations.8. The formulation of wherein the polymeric nanoparticles comprise a chitosan or a chitosan-derivative polymer.9. The formulation of wherein the chitosan-derivative polymer is selected from chitosan-PEG claim 8 , N-trimethyl chitosan claim 8 , or a derivative of chitosan comprising a stearic acid claim 8 , cholanic acid claim 8 , phthaloyl claim 8 , or butyl acrylate side chain.10. The formulation of wherein the polymeric nanoparticles comprise poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid).11. ...

OPTIMIZING WASTE SLURRY DISPOSAL IN FRACTURED INJECTION OPERATIONS

Methods and apparatus are provided for optimizing operations for a fracturing injection waste disposal well especially where the formation is damaged or tight such that pressure fall-off tests are impractical due to extended leak-off rate times. Formation closure pressure and formation stress are calculated using Instantaneous Shut-in Pressure rather than traditional methods requiring actual fracture closure. 1. A method of hydraulic fracture injection into a target zone of a subterranean formation , the target zone bounded by an upper boundary zone , an injection wellbore extending through the target zone and upper boundary zone , the method comprising:(a) pumping an initial cycle of waste slurry into the injection wellbore at selected initial cycle parameters and initial operational parameters;(b) hydraulically fracturing the target zone and injecting the initial cycle of waste slurry into the fractured target zone;(c) shutting-in the well for a duration less than the fracture closure time;(d) performing a pressure fall-off test after shut-in of the well; and(e) pumping a subsequent cycle of waste slurry into the injection wellbore at selected subsequent cycle and operational parameters, the subsequent cycle or operational parameters modified from the initial cycle or operational parameters in response to determination of fracture closure pressure using an Instantaneous Shut-In Pressure (ISIP) determined from the fall-off test.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified cycle or operational parameters are taken from the group comprising: cycle volume claim 1 , cycle solids volume claim 1 , cycle solids concentration claim 1 , cycle slurry viscosity claim 1 , cycle slurry density claim 1 , cycle slurry particle size claim 1 , cycle pump rate claim 1 , cycle pumping duration claim 1 , cycle pump pressure claim 1 , cycle wellbore pressure claim 1 , and cycle pump horsepower.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (e) further comprises claim 1 , pumping a ...

ION FOCUSING DEVICE

Apparatus include a plurality of electrode arrangements spaced apart from each other opposite an ion propagation axis and defining an ion transfer channel that extends along the ion propagation axis that tapers between an input end that is situated to receive ions and an output end that is situated to couple the received ions to an input end of an ion guide. Methods include positioning a plurality of electrode arrangements at oblique angles opposite an ion propagation axis so as to form a ion transfer channel that tapers between an input end and an output end, and coupling the output end of the ion transfer channel to an input end of an ion optical element so as to direct ions in the ion transfer channel into the ion optical element. Related systems are also disclosed. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a plurality of electrode arrangements spaced apart from each other opposite an ion propagation axis and defining an ion transfer channel that extends along the ion propagation axis that tapers between an input end that is situated to receive ions and an output end that is situated to couple the received ions to an input end of an ion guide;wherein the electrode arrangements are arranged in respective electrode arrangement surfaces;wherein at least one of the electrode arrangements includes a plurality of RF electrodes extending in the direction of the ion propagation axis in the surface of the at least one electrode arrangement so that RF electrodes are situated to direct the ions away from the at least one electrode arrangement;wherein the at least one electrode arrangement includes a plurality of traveling wave electrode sets interspersed between the RF electrodes and extending in the direction of the ion propagation axis in the surface of the at least one electrode arrangement so that the traveling wave electrode sets are situated to direct the ions towards the output end of the ion transfer channel.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the received ions are coupled at ...

Device to manipulate ions of same or different polarities

An apparatus includes a first pair of opposing electrode arrangements that confine ions between them in a portion of a confinement volume inwardly laterally in a first confinement direction with respect to a longitudinal ion propagation direction, each opposing electrode arrangement including an arrangement of RF electrodes situated to receive an unbiased RF voltage having an alternate phase between adjacent RF electrodes of the arrangement of RF electrodes so as to provide the confining of ions between the first pair of opposing electrode arrangements, and a second pair of opposing electrode arrangements that confine the ions between the second pair in the confinement volume inwardly laterally in a second confinement direction that complements the first confinement direction, each opposing electrode arrangement of the second pair including an arrangement of RF electrodes that receive an unbiased RF voltage having an alternate phase between adjacent RF electrodes.

ION MANIPULATION DEVICE

An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area. 1. An ion manipulation device comprising:a. a pair of surfaces;b. arrays of electrodes coupled to the surfaces to which RF potentials are applied to at least one of the surfaces in order to create a pseudopotential that inhibits charged particles from approaching either of the surfaces; andc. simultaneous application of DC potentials to control and restrict movement of ions in between the surfaces.2. The device of wherein the arrays of electrodes comprise an array of inner electrodes claim 1 , a first outer electrode array claim 1 , and a second outer electrode array claim 1 , wherein the inner and the outer array of electrodes extend substantially along the length of each surface.3. The device of wherein the first outer electrode array is positioned on one side of the array of inner electrodes claim 2 , and the second outer electrode array is positioned on the other side of the array of inner electrodes.4. The device of wherein the DC potentials are applied to the first and second outer electrode arrays and wherein the RF potentials claim 1 , with a superimposed electric field claim 1 , ...

Method and apparatus for spatial compression and increased mobility resolution of ions

Methods and apparatuses for ion peak compression and increasing resolution of ions are disclosed. Packets of ions are introduced into a device. A first electric field is applied for dispersing the ion packets temporally or spatially according to their mobilities. A second intermittent traveling wave is applied for regrouping or merging the dispersed ion packets into a lesser number of trapping regions with narrower peaks. The ions packets are compressed into the narrower peak regions by varying a duty cycle of the intermittent traveling wave.

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE ION FOCUSING DEVICE EMPLOYING NONLINEAR DC VOLTAGE SEQUENCES

Apparatus comprise an electrode arrangement comprising a plurality of electrodes defining a volume, an ion entrance, and an ion exit, and a voltage source coupled to the plurality of electrodes and configured to apply a nonlinear DC voltage sequence to the electrodes between the ion entrance and the ion exit that directs ions through the volume with the volume at a pressure of at least 1 Torr. Ions can be focused using nonlinear DC voltage sequences, including at atmospheric pressure. Related methods are also disclosed. 1. An apparatus , comprising:an electrode arrangement comprising a plurality of electrodes defining a volume, an ion entrance, and an ion exit; anda voltage source coupled to the plurality of electrodes and configured to apply a nonlinear DC voltage sequence to the electrodes between the ion entrance and the ion exit that directs ions through the volume with the volume at a pressure of at least 1 Torr.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the volume is at a pressure of at least 50 Torr and above.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the volume is at a pressure of at least 760 Torr and above.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the nonlinear DC voltage sequence is configured to focus the ions along a length of the electrode arrangement toward the ion exit.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the nonlinear DC voltage sequence is defined by a voltage difference between adjacent electrodes that increases nonlinearly from the ion entrance to the ion exit.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the nonlinear DC voltage sequence includes a quadratic DC voltage sequence.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the nonlinear DC voltage sequence includes an exponential DC voltage sequence.8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the nonlinear DC voltage sequence includes a quadratic DC voltage sequence along a first length and an exponential DC voltage sequence along a second length adjacent to the first length.9. The ...

Adjusting a fuel on-board a vehicle

A fuel separation system includes a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; and a control system communicably coupled to the fuel separator and operable to receive an input from an engine, the input including an engine operating condition, the control system configured to adjust an operating parameter of the fuel separator, based at least in part on the engine operating condition, to vary at least one of the first or second auto-ignition characteristic values.

ADJUSTING A FUEL ON-BOARD A VEHICLE

A fuel separation system includes a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; and a heat exchanger fluidly coupled between a fuel input of the fuel stream and the fuel separator, the heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the vapor stream to the fuel stream, and output a heated fuel stream to the fuel separator and a second liquid stream defined by the first auto-ignition characteristic value. 1. A fuel separation system , comprising:a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; anda heat exchanger fluidly coupled between a fuel input of the fuel stream and the fuel separator, the heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the vapor stream to the fuel stream, and output a heated fuel stream to the fuel separator and a second liquid stream defined by the first auto-ignition characteristic value.2. The fuel separation system of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is configured to condense the vapor stream to the second liquid stream defined by the first auto-ignition characteristic value.3. The fuel separation system of claim 1 , further comprising a heater coupled between the heat exchanger and the fuel separator and configured to receive the heated fuel stream and further heat the heated fuel stream.4. The fuel separation system of claim 1 , further comprising a variable orifice ...

ADJUSTING A FUEL ON-BOARD A VEHICLE

A fuel separation system includes a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; and a control system communicably coupled to the fuel separator and operable to receive an input from an engine, the input including an engine operating condition, the control system configured to adjust an operating parameter of the fuel separator, based at least in part on the engine operating condition, to vary at least one of the first or second auto-ignition characteristic values. 1. A fuel separation system , comprising:a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; anda control system communicably coupled to the fuel separator and operable to receive an input from an engine, the input comprising an engine operating condition, the control system configured to adjust an operating parameter of the fuel separator, based at least in part on the engine operating condition, to vary at least one of the first or second auto-ignition characteristic values.2. The fuel separation system of claim 1 , wherein the engine operating condition comprises an engine load claim 1 , an engine torque claim 1 , and engine speed claim 1 , a fuel vapor-liquid ratio claim 1 , a fuel vapor lock index claim 1 , a fuel drivability index claim 1 , a fuel T90 or T95 property claim 1 , a fuel lubricity claim 1 , a fuel viscosity claim 1 , or an ...

Method for Preparing a Nutritional Supplement for a Woman

An ingestible nutritional substance (supplement and the like) including vitamins, minerals and other ingredients beneficial to a woman and/or her child that a woman may take at a time of her life surrounding pregnancy. This includes by ingesting determined and suited types and amounts of ingredients, including at selected times, to best assist the woman and/or infant's needs at the respective times. The ingestible supplement can be formulated for drinking with appropriate nutritional and health benefits as well as with desired lifestyle and taste and aesthetic attributes. The dosing and packaging of the supplement to best suit a specific class of woman's and baby's needs are also described. Other aspects are directed to the preservation, storage and dispensation of one or more ingredients that may not be stable with one another during storage. 1. A method for preparing a nutritional supplement for a woman in various phases of her maternal cycle , comprisingdefining a plurality of phases of said cycle;identifying for each phase of said cycle an optimum dose of each of a plurality of nutritional supplement components; andpreparing a formulation for each of said phases, said formulation including an amount of said supplement components in the corresponding optimum doses.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising packaging and identifying each formulation as corresponding to its respective phase in the maternal cycle so that the woman may take the formulation corresponding the proper phase of her cycle.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating a first ingredient of the nutritional supplement from contact with a second ingredient thereof with which said first ingredient is not stable so as to avoid spoilage or voiding of the benefits of said first or second ingredients.4. The method of claim 3 , said isolating comprising placing said first ingredient in a capsule shell that prevents contact between said first and second ingredients during storage of said ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ION MOBILITY SEPARATION

Methods and devices for ion separations or manipulations in gas phase are disclosed. The device includes a non-planar surface having a first, second and third region. An inner arrays of electrodes is positioned on the first region. A first set of electrodes of the inner array of electrodes is configured to receive RF voltages and generate a first potential upon the receipt of the RF voltage. A first and second outer arrays of electrodes are coupled to the second and third region, respectively. The first and second outer arrays are configured to receive a first DC voltage and generate a second potential upon the receipt of the first DC voltages. The first and second generated potential manipulate movement of ions. 151-. (canceled)52. An ion mobility manipulation device comprising:a non-planar surface comprising a first, second and third region;an inner array of electrodes positioned on the first region, a first set of electrodes of the inner array of electrodes configured to receive RF voltages and generate a first potential upon the receipt of the RF voltage; anda first and second outer arrays of electrodes coupled to the second and third region, respectively, the first and second outer arrays configured to receive a first DC voltage and generate a second potential upon the receipt of the first DC voltages,wherein the first and second generated potential manipulate movement of ions.53. The device of claim 52 , wherein the non-planer surface is curved to form an ion channel claim 52 , wherein movement of ions occurs in the ion channel.54. The device of claim 53 , wherein the inner array of electrodes claim 53 , the first and second outer arrays of electrodes and the ionization separation channel extend along a length of the device.55. The device of claim 53 , wherein the first outer array of electrodes is positioned on a first side of the inner array of electrodes claim 53 , and the second outer array of electrodes is positioned on a second side of the inner array of ...

Method for Providing an Ingestible Nutritional Supplement to a Woman

An ingestible nutritional substance (supplement and the like) including vitamins, minerals and other ingredients beneficial to a woman and/or her child that a woman may take at a time of her life surrounding pregnancy. This includes by ingesting determined and suited types and amounts of ingredients, including at selected times, to best assist the woman and/or infant's needs at the respective times. The ingestible supplement can be formulated for drinking with appropriate nutritional and health benefits as well as with desired lifestyle and taste and aesthetic attributes. The dosing and packaging of the supplement to best suit a specific class of woman's and baby's needs are also described. Other aspects are directed to the preservation, storage and dispensation of one or more ingredients that may not be stable with one another during storage. 1. A method for providing an ingestible nutritional supplement to a woman , comprising:determining a one-day recommended dose suited for the woman;dividing said one-day recommended dose into a plurality of portions of said one-day recommended dose;wherein each of said plurality of portions comprises a pre-determined quantity of respective ingredients; andproviding a respective recommended time of day for ingestion of each of said plurality of said portions, said respective times of day not being at a same time as one another.2. The method of claim 1 , determining said one-day recommended dose comprising a determination based on said woman's body mass.3. The method of claim 1 , determining said one-day recommended dose comprising a determination based on said woman's geographic domicile.4. The method of claim 1 , determining said one-day recommended dose comprising a determination based on a seasonal time of year in which the supplement is being taken.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising packaging said plurality of portions in individual packages that can be consumed by said woman at selected times during the day. The ...

METHODS OF HEAVY REFORMATE CONVERSION INTO AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

Method of making BTX compounds including benzene, toluene, and xylene, including feeding heavy reformate to a reactor containing a composite zeolite catalyst. The composite zeolite catalyst includes a mixture of layered mordenite (MOR-L) comprising a layered or rod-type morphology with a layer thickness less than 30 nm and ZSM-5. The MOR-L, the ZSM-5, or both include one or more impregnated metals. The method further includes producing the BTX compounds by simultaneously performing transalkylation and dealkylation of the heavy reformate in the reactor. The composite zeolite catalyst is able to simultaneously catalyze both the transalkylation and dealkylation reactions. 1. A composite zeolite catalyst ,the composite zeolite catalyst comprising a mixture of layered mordenite (MOR-L) and ZSM-5, where:the MOR-L or both the MOR-L and ZSM-5 comprise one or more impregnated metals,the MOR-L comprises a rod morphology with a smallest dimension less than 28 nm,{'sup': '2', 'the MOR-L without the impregnated metals comprises an external surface area greater than 120 m/g, and'}the MOR-L has a molar ratio of silicon to aluminum (Si/Al) from 4:1 to 8:1.2. The composite zeolite catalyst of claim 1 , where the one or more impregnated metals are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , gold claim 1 , rhenium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , or combinations thereof and their respective oxides.3. The composite zeolite catalyst of claim 1 , where the one or more impregnated metals comprises rhenium.4. The composite zeolite catalyst of claim 1 , where the MOR-L claim 1 , the ZSM-5 claim 1 , or both the MOR-L and ZSM-5 comprise up to 20 wt. % of the one or more impregnated metals.5. The composite zeolite catalyst of claim 1 , where the MOR-L is impregnated with 0.25 to 0.5 wt. % rhenium.6. The composite zeolite catalyst of claim 1 , where the ZSM-5 is ...

Systems and methods for perceiving color-printed braille characters and predefined shapes by visually-impaired people

The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a method and design of a system that helps visually-impaired persons to identify Braille characters or geometric shapes such as rectangle, triangle, circle, etc. A Braille character is any combination of six dots that represents an alphanumeric character. The dot of Braille character is represented using a small colored region over a surface, which can be a paper. The color of dot is distinct from the color of surface. The system contains a coupling comprising a pair of light source and light sensor. The system enables recognizing printed Braille characters through identifying distinct colored dots of Braille characters, by sensing real-time deviation in illuminance of light reflected off the surface containing the printed Braille characters. The output of the system encompasses perceivable signal. 1) A system comprising:an active sensing body;a coupling of light source and light sensor positioned at the tip of the sensing body;light source continuously radiates energy over the visible light spectrum;each light sensor generates signal according to illuminance of the light incident upon it, after the light being reflected from a surface containing printed region(s);a processing unit inside the sensing body, connected with coupling, detects the presence of printed region(s) having distinct color on the surface through comparing signal value(s) with predefined threshold value;the processing unit generates output(s) according to detected printed region of distinct color.2) The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the output generated by the processing unit can be any signal that could be perceived such as audio claim 1 , pressure claim 1 , vibration claim 1 , etc.3) The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the colored region(s) can be of any color.4) The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein a printed region of distinct color can represent any distinctive feature such as a Braille dot claim 1 , border of a geometric ...

CONTROL ROD GUIDE TUBE WITH AN EXTENDED INTERMEDIATE GUIDE ASSEMBLY

A nuclear reactor having an upper internals control rod assembly guide tube formed from upper and lower sections that are connected along a central axial region of the guide tube at an intermediate coupling. An extended control rod axial support is provided for at least some of the control rods over a finite distance within at least one of the interiors of the lower guide tube section or the upper guide tube section. 1. A nuclear reactor including a pressure vessel housing a core of fissile material and an upper core plate substantially covering the core , a control rod guide tube having an extended axial length , for guiding a control rod assembly comprising a plurality of individual control rods , into and out of the core , the control rod guide tube extending between the upper core plate and an upper support plate supported above the upper core plate , the control rod guide tube comprising:a lower guide tube section connected at a first end to the upper core plate and terminating at a second end at a rigid intermediate coupling;an upper guide tube section connected at a first end portion to the upper support plate and terminating at a second end at the rigid intermediate coupling; andan extended control rod guide assembly supported substantially at the rigid intermediate coupling and extending axially, a finite distance into at least one of an interior of the lower guide tube section or the upper guide tube section, the extended control rod guide assembly being configured to provide support for the plurality of individual control rods, wherein the finite distance is substantially less than the extended axial length of the control rod guide tube.2. The nuclear reactor of wherein at least some of the plurality of control rods are continuously guided over substantially an entire axial length of the extended control rod guide assembly.3. The nuclear reactor of wherein some of the control rods are guided over discrete claim 2 , spaced axial elevations along the axial ...

DEVICE FOR SEPARATING NON-IONS FROM IONS

A device for separating non-ions from ions is disclosed. The device includes a plurality of electrodes positioned around a center axis of the device and having apertures therein through which the ions are transmitted. An inner diameter of the apertures varies in length. At least a portion of the center axis between the electrodes is non-linear. 1. A device for separating non-ions from ions comprising: a plurality of electrodes positioned around a center axis of the device and having apertures therein through which the ions are transmitted , wherein an inner diameter of the apertures varies in length and non-linearly from an entrance of the device to an exit of the device , and wherein at least a portion of the center axis between the electrodes is non-linear; and a RF voltage applied to each of the electrodes and a DC gradient applied across the plurality of electrodes.2. The device of wherein the portion of the non-linear center axis is bent claim 1 , curved claim 1 , or angled.3. The device of further comprising a line of sight from the entrance of the device to the exit of the device claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the line of sight is obstructed.4. The device of wherein the non-ions are pumped away from in between the electrodes.5. (canceled)6. The device of wherein the inner diameter of the apertures is larger at bends than elsewhere in the device.7. The device of wherein the inner diameter of the apertures is larger than an inner diameter of a preceding aperture.8. The device of wherein the inner diameter of the apertures is smaller than an inner diameter of a preceding aperture.9. The device of wherein the apertures are circular.10. The device of wherein the apertures are non-circular.11. (canceled)12. The device of wherein the RF voltage applied to each of the electrodes is 180 degrees out of phase with the RF voltage applied to adjacent electrodes.13. The device of wherein the length is at least about 7.5 inches and the plurality of electrodes ...

Methods of producing composite zeolite catalysts for heavy reformate conversion into xylenes

A method of forming a composite zeolite catalyst includes combining a silicon source and an aqueous organic structure directing agent having a polyamino cation compound to form a silica intermediary gel, introducing an aluminum precursor to the silica intermediary gel to form a catalyst precursor gel, evaporating water in the catalyst precursor gel to form a catalyst gel, and heating the catalyst gel to form a composite zeolite catalyst particle having an intergrowth region with a mixture of both Beta crystals and ZSM-5 crystals. An associated method of making xylene includes feeding heavy reformate to a reactor, the reactor containing the composite zeolite catalyst, and producing xylene by simultaneously performing dealkylation and transalkylation of the heavy reformate in the reactor, where each composite zeolite catalyst particle is able to catalyze both the dealkylation and transalkylation reactions.

METHODS OF PRODUCING COMPOSITE ZEOLITE CATALYSTS FOR HEAVY REFORMATE CONVERSION INTO XYLENES

A method of forming composite zeolite catalyst particles includes combining a silicon source, an aqueous organic structure directing agent having a polyquaternary ammonium compound, water and an aluminum source to form a catalyst gel. The method also includes heating the catalyst gel to form the composite zeolite catalyst particle having an intergrowth region with a mixture of both Mordenite crystals and ZSM-5 crystals. An associated method of making xylene includes feeding heavy reformate to a reactor, the reactor containing the composite zeolite catalyst particles, and producing xylene by simultaneously performing dealkylation and transalkylation of the heavy reformate in the reactor, where each composite zeolite catalyst particle is able to catalyze both the dealkylation and transalkylation reactions. 2. The method of where the silicon source comprises a silica gel claim 1 , silicon oxide claim 1 , silicon halide claim 1 , tetraalkyl orthosilicate claim 1 , silicic acid claim 1 , fumed silica claim 1 , sodium silicate claim 1 , colloidal silica claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The method of where the silicon source is a silica gel and the silica gel is a 20 to 60 wt. % suspension of silica in water.4. The method of where the polyquaternary ammonium compound is a diquaternary ammonium compound.5. The method of where claim 1 ,X is a halogen selected from Cl, Br, I, or combinations thereof,{'sub': '18-22', 'R1 is a substituted or an unsubstituted Calkyl group;'}{'sub': '6', 'R2 is a substituted or an unsubstituted Calkyl group; and'}{'sub': '6-8', 'R3 is a substituted or an unsubstituted Calkyl group or an alkenyl group.'}6. The method of where the aluminum source comprises NaAlO.7. The method of where the aluminum source claim 1 , the silicon source claim 1 , the organic structure directing agent claim 1 , and the water are further combined with NaOH to form the catalyst gel.8. The method of where the heating of the catalyst gel is conducted in a sealed vessel ...

METHODS OF HEAVY REFORMATE CONVERSION INTO AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

Methods of making BTX compounds including benzene, toluene, and xylene include feeding heavy reformate to a reactor containing a composite zeolite catalyst. The composite zeolite catalyst includes a mixture of SSZ-33 and ZSM-5. The SSZ-33, the ZSM-5, or both comprise one or more impregnated metals. The method further includes producing the BTX compounds by simultaneously performing transalkylation and dealkylation of the heavy reformate in the reactor. The composite zeolite catalyst is able to simultaneously catalyze both the transalkylation and dealkylation reactions. 1. A method of making BTX compounds including benzene , toluene , and xylene , the method comprising:feeding heavy reformate to a reactor, the reactor containing a composite zeolite catalyst comprising a mixture of SSZ-33 and ZSM-5, where the SSZ-33, the ZSM-5, or both comprise one or more impregnated metals; andproducing the BTX compounds by simultaneously performing transalkylation and dealkylation of the heavy reformate in the reactor, where the composite zeolite catalyst is able to simultaneously catalyze both the transalkylation and dealkylation reactions.2. The method of claim 1 , where the heavy reformate comprises at least 15 wt. % methylethvlbenzene (MEB) and at least 50 wt. % trimethylbenzene (TMB).3. The method of claim 1 , where the one or more impregnated metals are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , gold claim 1 , rhenium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , or combinations thereof and their respective oxides.4. The method of claim 1 , where the one or more impregnated metals comprise rhenium.5. The method of claim 1 , where the SSZ-33 claim 1 , the ZSM-5 claim 1 , or both the SSZ-33 and ZSM-5 comprise 0.01 wt. % to 20 wt. % of the one or more impregnated metals.6. The method of claim 1 , where the composite zeolite catalyst comprises a mixture of SSZ-33 and ...

Methods of heavy reformate conversion into aromatic compounds

Method of making BTX compounds including benzene, toluene, and xylene, including feeding heavy reformate to a reactor containing a composite zeolite catalyst. The composite zeolite catalyst includes a mixture of layered mordenite (MOR-L) comprising a layered or rod-type morphology with a layer thickness less than 30 nm and ZSM-5. The MOR-L, the ZSM-5, or both include one or more impregnated metals. The method further includes producing the BTX compounds by simultaneously performing transalkylation and dealkylation of the heavy reformate in the reactor. The composite zeolite catalyst is able to simultaneously catalyze both the transalkylation and dealkylation reactions.

CATALYST FOR CONVERTING HEAVY REFORMATE TO PRODUCE BTX COMPOUNDS

A method of making BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene) compounds by feeding a heavy reformate stream to a reactor, where the reactor includes a composite zeolite catalyst, that contains a mixture of a desilicated mesoporous mordenite and ZSM-5, and in which the desilicated mesoporous mordenite, the ZSM-5, or both, comprise one or more impregnated metals. The composite zeolite catalyst is able to catalyze the transalkylation reaction and the dealkylation reaction simultaneously to produce the BTX compounds. 1. A method of making BTX compounds comprising benzene , toluene , and xylene , the method comprising: where the composite zeolite catalyst comprises a mixture of a desilicated mesoporous mordenite and ZSM-5, and', 'the desilicated mesoporous mordenite, the ZSM-5, or both, comprise one or more impregnated metals; and, 'feeding a heavy reformate stream to a reactor, the reactor comprising a composite zeolite catalyst,'}producing the BTX compounds by simultaneously performing a transalkylation reaction and a dealkylation reaction of the heavy reformate stream in the reactor, where the composite zeolite catalyst is able to catalyze the transalkylation reaction and the dealkylation reaction simultaneously.2. The method of claim 1 , where the heavy reformate stream comprises at least 15 weight percent (wt. %) methylethylbenzene (MEB) and at least 50 wt. % trimethylbenzene (TMB) claim 1 , based on the total weight of the heavy reformate stream.3. The method of claim 1 , where the one or more impregnated metals are selected from Group VI and Group VII according to IUPAC nomenclature claim 1 , in which the metal in the zeolite catalyst is from 0.05 to 10 wt. % claim 1 , based on the total weight of the zeolite catalyst.4. The method of claim 1 , where the composite zeolite catalyst has a weight ratio of ZSM-5 to desilicated mesoporous mordenite of from greater than 0 to 1.0.5. The method of claim 1 , where the composite zeolite catalyst comprises a mixture of ZSM-5 and ...

ION FOCUSING DEVICE

Apparatus include a plurality of electrode arrangements spaced apart from each other opposite an ion propagation axis and defining an ion transfer channel that extends along the ion propagation axis that tapers between an input end that is situated to receive ions and an output end that is situated to couple the received ions to an input end of an ion guide. Methods include positioning a plurality of electrode arrangements at oblique angles opposite an ion propagation axis so as to form a ion transfer channel that tapers between an input end and an output end, and coupling the output end of the ion transfer channel to an input end of an ion optical element so as to direct ions in the ion transfer channel into the ion optical element. Related systems are also disclosed. 120.-. (canceled)21. An ion focusing device , comprising: a first plurality of electrodes extending along the first axis, the first plurality of electrodes comprising a first electrode configured to receive a first radiofrequency (RF) voltage and a second electrode configured to receive a second RF voltage, the second electrode adjacent to the first electrode; and', 'a second plurality of segmented electrodes arranged along the first axis between or adjacent to the first plurality of electrodes, the second plurality of segmented electrodes configured to receive a first plurality of voltages and generate a first traveling wave configured to travel along the first axis., 'a first surface extending along a first axis and a second surface extending along a second axis and defining a space therebetween dimensioned to receive ions, the first axis arranged at a first angle with respect to an ion propagation axis and the second axis arranged at a second angle with respect to the ion propagation axis, the first surface includes a first plurality of inner electrodes comprising22. The ion focusing device of claim 21 , wherein the second surface includes a second plurality of inner electrodes comprising:a third ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPATIAL COMPRESSION AND INCREASED MOBILITY RESOLUTION OF IONS

Methods and apparatuses for ion peak compression and increasing resolution of ions are disclosed. Packets of ions are introduced into a device. A first electric field is applied for dispersing the ion packets temporally or spatially according to their mobilities. A second intermittent traveling wave is applied for regrouping or merging the dispersed ion packets into a lesser number of trapping regions with narrower peaks. The ions packets are compressed into the narrower peak regions by varying a duty cycle of the intermittent traveling wave. 14-. (canceled)5. An apparatus for ion peak compression comprising:a first region configured to receive ion packets and a first electric field for dispersing the ion packets temporally or spatially into a first number of trapping regions according to their mobilities; andsecond region configured to receive a second electric field forming an intermittent traveling wave, the intermittent traveling wave including a varying duty cycle therein for regrouping or merging the dispersed ion packets into a second number of trapping regions smaller than the first number.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the ion packets are regrouped or merged into narrower peak regions by variation of the duty cycle of the intermittent traveling wave.7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the first electric field is a traveling wave.8. (canceled)9. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the direction of ion motion in the first region is orthogonally aligned to the direction of ion motion in the second region.10. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the direction of ion motion in the first region is aligned in the same direction to the direction of ion motion in the second region.11. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the first region and the second region are aligned at any angle between 0°-359° relative to one another.12. A method of ion peak compression comprising:introducing ion packets into a device having a first region and a second region;applying a ...

CONTROL ROD GUIDE TUBE WITH AN EXTENDED INTERMEDIATE GUIDE ASSEMBLY

A nuclear reactor having an upper internals control rod assembly guide tube formed from upper and lower sections that are connected along a central axial region of the guide tube at an intermediate coupling. An extended control rod axial support is provided for at least some of the control rods over a finite distance within at least one of the interiors of the lower guide tube section or the upper guide tube section. 1. A nuclear reactor including a pressure vessel housing a core of fissile material and an upper core plate substantially covering the core , a control rod guide tube having an extended axial length , for guiding a control rod assembly into and out of the core , the control rod guide tube extending between the upper core plate and an upper support plate supported above the upper core plate , the control rod guide tube comprising:a lower guide tube section connected at a first end to the upper core plate and terminating at a second end at an intermediate coupling;an upper guide tube section connected at a first end portion to the upper support plate and terminating at a second end at the intermediate coupling; andan extended control rod guide assembly supported substantially at the intermediate coupling and extending axially, a finite distance into at least one of an interior of the lower guide tube section or the upper guide tube section.2. The nuclear reactor of wherein the control rod assembly comprises a plurality of control rods at least some of which are continuously guided over substantially an entire axial length of the control rod guide assembly.3. The nuclear reactor of wherein some of the control rods are guided over discrete claim 2 , spaced axial elevations along the axial length of the control rod guide assembly.4. The nuclear reactor of wherein the control rods extending along the cardinal axis of the control rod guide assembly are continuously guided over substantially an entire axial length of the control rod guide assembly.5. The ...

ION FUNNEL DEVICE

An ion funnel device is disclosed. A first pair of electrodes is positioned in a first direction. A second pair of electrodes is positioned in a second direction. The device includes an RF voltage source and a DC voltage source. A RF voltage with a superimposed DC voltage gradient is applied to the first pair of electrodes, and a DC voltage gradient is applied to the second pair of electrodes. 1. An ion funnel device comprising:a. a first pair of electrodes positioned in a first direction;b. a second pair of electrodes positioned in a second direction; andc. a RF voltage source and a DC voltage source, wherein a RF voltage with a superimposed DC voltage gradient is applied to the first pair of electrodes, and wherein a DC voltage gradient is applied to the second pair of electrodes.2. The ion funnel device of wherein each of the electrodes in the first direction has a RF phase that is shifted approximately 180 degrees from an adjacent first direction electrode.3. The ion funnel device of wherein the first pair of electrodes are central rung electrodes positioned in a y direction claim 1 , and the second pair of electrodes are guard electrodes positioned in a x direction.4. The ion funnel device of wherein an outlet of the ion funnel device is coupled to one of the following: an ion mobility device claim 1 , a separate ion funnel device claim 1 , and a mass spectrometer device.5. The ion funnel device of wherein an inlet of the ion funnel device is coupled to a separate ion funnel device or an ion source.6. The ion funnel device of wherein the RF frequency applied to the electrodes is in the range of 0.1 kHz to 50 MHz.7. The ion funnel device of wherein the RF amplitude applied to the electrodes is in the range of 1V to 500 V.8. The ion funnel device of wherein the device is formed using at least one of the following: a printed circuit board claim 1 , 3D printing claim 1 , and additive printing.9. The ion funnel device of wherein the distance between each pair of ...

AUGMENTING SEMANTIC MODELS BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL RULES

A computer processor determines a root of a first element of a semantic model, in which a first relationship of the first element to a second element of the semantic model, is unknown. The computer processor generates a search token, based on applying morphological rules to the root of the first element and appending a preposition. The computer processor determines one or more regular expressions by applying the search token to search a source of unstructured data. The one or more regular expressions are in a form of a triple, having a subject, a predicate, and an object, and the computer processor applies the predicate of the triple as the first relationship of the first element of the semantic model to a second element of the semantic model. 1. A method for augmenting a semantic model from unstructured data , the method comprising:determining, by a computer processor, a root of a first element of a semantic model;generating, by the computer processor, a search token, based at least in part on morphological rules applied to the root of the first element and a preposition added to the root of the first element;determining, by the computer processor, at least one phrase that substantially matches the search token, by applying the search token to unstructured data; andadding, by the computer processor, a predicate of the at least one phrase, to a second element of the semantic model, wherein the predicate expresses a relationship between the first element of the semantic model and the second element of the semantic model.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining, by the computer processor, a second relationship between at least one of: a third element of the at least one phrase and a fourth element of the at least one phrase, and a corresponding element of the semantic model, based on the determining of at least one phrase that substantially matches the search token; andadding to the semantic model, by the computer processor, at least one of: the third ...

NANOPARTICLE DRUG DELIVERY

Therapeutic formulations are described for use in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis, chlorine inhalation, influenza and acute myocardial infarction. The formulations comprise polymeric nanoparticles or polymeric nanoparticles encapsulated within cross-linked polymeric hydrogel microparticles, wherein the polymeric nanoparticles carry a therapeutic agent suitable for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis, chlorine inhalation, influenza, acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. Preferred formulations are inhalable, dry powder therapeutic formulations, which are able to swell on administration to the lungs of a patient. 1. A method of treatment of a disorder , selected from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , bronchial asthma , cystic fibrosis , chlorine inhalation , influenza and acute myocardial infarction , the method comprising administering a pharmaceutical formulation comprising polymeric nanoparticles or polymeric nanoparticles encapsulated within cross-linked polymeric microparticles , wherein the polymeric nanoparticles carry a therapeutic agent suitable for treatment of the disorder loaded within them to a patient in need thereof.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is an inhalable claim 1 , dry powder pharmaceutical formulation claim 1 , an oral pharmaceutical formulation or an injectable pharmaceutical formulation.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles have a mean particle diameter of from 1 to 500 nm and wherein the cross-linked microparticles have a mean particle diameter from 1 to 5 μm for inhalable formulations claim 1 , and from 1 to 500 μm claim 1 , most preferably from 1 to 250 μm for oral formulations.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microparticles comprise a pH responsive carrier.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric nanoparticles comprise a chitosan or a chitosan-derivative ...

DEVICE AND METHOD TO MANIPULATE IONS IN MULTI-LEVEL SYSTEM

An apparatus includes multiple levels of ion transport channels, with successive levels coupled by elevator channels. Efficient three dimensional packing provides long path lengths in practical volumes for ion mobility separation with high resolving power. Disclosed elevator configurations provide efficient routing of ion transport channels across levels with low ion loss, enabling ion mobility separation over 100 levels or more. Elevator configurations include (i) opposed traveling waves meeting at an elevator entrance, (ii) external elevator with a wrap-around electrode bank, (iii) external elevator with electrode banks on parallel extension plates, or (iv) elevator operating in surfing mode, in various combinations. Manufacture is aided by printed wiring boards, with interchangeable boards. Assembly with motherboard, spacer block(s), and alignment pins provides efficient distribution of electrode excitations and accurate reproducible positioning. 1. An apparatus comprising:a first set of electrodes configured to direct ions in a first direction to an elevator entrance; anda second set of electrodes configured to generate a traveling wave propagating to the elevator entrance in a second direction opposed to the first direction.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first set of electrodes comprises first confinement electrodes arranged on opposed surfaces and first traveling wave electrodes arranged on the opposed surfaces claim 1 , and the second set of electrodes comprises second traveling wave electrodes arranged on the opposed surfaces.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first set of electrodes define an ion transport channel on a first ion mobility separation level between the opposed surfaces claim 2 , the ion transport channel terminating at the elevator entrance.4. A multi-level ion manipulation system comprising a plurality of apparatuses according to and arranged adjacently in sequence claim 3 , and comprising one or more elevators claim 3 , ...

Aparato de procesamiento de señales.

La presente invencion se refiere a un método y a un aparato para analizar dos señales medidas recibidas por un detector que se modelan como conteniendo partes primarias y secundarias. Coeficientes relacionan las dos señales de conformidad con un modelo definido segun la presente invencion. En una modalidad, la presente invencion incluye el uso de una transformacion que evalua una pluralidad de posibles coeficientes de señales para encontrar coeficientes apropiados. Alternativamente, la presente invencion incluye el uso de funciones estadísticas o bien transformacion de Fourier así como técnicas de creacion de ventana para determinar los coeficientes relacionados con dos señales medidas. El uso de esta invencion se describe con detalles específicos en relacion a mediciones de oximetría de la sangre.

Apparatus and method for geometric measurement

An non-contacting measurement apparatus for measuring distances, angles and related geometric quantities, and for computing other quantities based on the measurements, is provided. A visible light beam allows a user to point the device at one or more points to which the distance is measured, and angular rotation between the various points of interest can be recorded. Then, geometric and trigonometric relationships are used to compute and display lengths, areas, volumes or other facts derived from the measurements. Various input and output features are provided in the present embodiments.

Method and apparatus for dimensional measurement

An non-contacting measurement apparatus for measuring distances, angles and related geometric quantities, and for computing other quantities based on the measurements, is provided. A visible light beam or ultrasonic beam allows a user to point the device at one or more points to which the distance is measured, and angular rotation between the various points of interest can be measured and recorded. Then, geometric and trigonometric relationships are used to compute and display lengths, areas, volumes or other facts derived from the measurements. Various input and output features are provided in the present embodiments.

Pyrimidine derivatives as anti-diabetic agents

The pyrimidine derivatives as anti-diabetic agents are chloropyrimidinyl derivatives having the general formula of compound 81, wherein R 1 is —N(CH3)CH 2 CH 2 OH (compound 81c) or —N(H)CH 2 CH 2 OH (compound 81f) or the general formula of compound 82, wherein R 2 is —N(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 OH (compound 82c) or —N(CH 2 CH 2 ) 2 O (compound 82d), as follows: The derivatives may be used for treating diabetes in humans or animals and have demonstrated efficacy, specifically in treating type 2 diabetes. Two methods of synthesizing the pyrimidine derivatives are described herein. The method using microwaves (Method B) is a green method that can provide high yields in a short time and with high purity. The compounds act as GLP-1 receptor agonists and are more potent than conventional drugs. As such, the compounds may be used in lower doses, and, hence, have fewer side effects.

Process for the production of sap

Method of and system for correcting scatter in a computed tomography scanner

A system for correcting for scatter in a computed tomography scanner includes a tunnel having a platform disposed therein for receiving an object to be scanned, an x-ray source for directing x-rays at the object to be scanned, a detector array including a plurality of primary detectors for receiving the x-rays and at least one secondary detector for receiving portion of the x-ray beam scattered within the tunnel. The system further includes processing means for reducing the effects of scatter in images of the object reconstructed from the x-rays detected by method of estimating an amount of scatter caused only by the presence of the object corrected by an amount of scattered x-ray when presence or absence of object.

Process for the production of sap

A continuous process for the production of dried superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) the polymerization reaction is carried out either in an initially homogenous aqueous monomer solution (bulk aqueous solution polymerization) or in a heterogeneous water-in-oil reactant mixture (reverse phase suspension or emulsion polymerization) within a continuous closed polymerization reactor, then the resulting polymer gel is dried within a continuous moved bed in a closed dryer, avoiding the needs of standard intermediate maturity tank(s).

Signal processing apparatus

The present invention involves method and apparatus for analyzing two measured signals that are modeled as containing primary and secondary portions. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, the present invention involves utilizing a transformation which evaluates a plurality of possible signal coefficients in order to find appropriate coefficients. Alternatively, the present invention involves using statistical functions or Fourier transform and windowing techniques to determine the coefficients relating to two measured signals. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to blood oximetry measurements.

Signal processing apparatus

The present invention involves method and apparatus for analyzing two measured signals that are modeled as containing primary and secondary portions. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, the present invention involves utilizing a transformation which evaluates a plurality of possible signal coefficients in order to find appropriate coefficients. Alternatively, the present invention involves using statistical functions or Fourier transform and windowing techniques to determine the coefficients relating to two measured signals. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to blood oximetry measurements.

Liquid crystal display with adaptive color

A system for modifying images to be shown on displays that have display characteristics dependant on the angle at which a displayed image is viewed. An image may be modified by detecting the position of a viewer relative to a display and based on the detected position, correcting the image.

Device for separating non-ions from ions

A device for separating non-ions from ions is disclosed. The device includes a plurality of electrodes positioned around a center axis of the device and having apertures therein through which the ions are transmitted. An inner diameter of the apertures varies in length. At least a portion of the center axis between the electrodes is non-linear.

Room temperature curable silicone resin compositions

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Zusammensetzungen enthaltend ein Bindemittel, welches mindestens ein alkoxyfunktionelles Polysiloxan enthält, und mindestens einen Vernetzungskatalysator, wobei der Vernetzungskatalysator eine Silicium-haltige Guanidinverbindung darstellt, sowie optional ein Alkoxysilan als Vernetzer enthält. The present invention relates to compositions comprising a binder which comprises at least one alkoxy-functional polysiloxane, and at least one crosslinking catalyst, wherein the crosslinking catalyst is a silicon-containing guanidine compound and optionally contains an alkoxysilane as crosslinker.

Synthesis of new small molecules/oligomers with high conductivity and absorption for optoelectronic application

Disclosed are semiconducting or conducting organic small molecules and oligomers that contain a central, electron rich, functionalized dihydrodicyclopentylanthracene core (or electron donor core) that is connected to at least one or two comparatively electron deficient monomeric unit or units (or electron acceptor units) that feature group 16 heteroatoms sulfur, selenium or tellurium or combinations thereof. Multiple electron rich cores can be linked together through one or more alkynyl linkages. The small molecules and oligomers can have the following generic structure and can be used in areas such as organic photovoltaic materials:

Process for applying hard coatings and the like to metals and resulting product

Protective coatings are applied to substrate metals by coating the metal surface, e.g. by dipping the substrate metal in a molten alloy of the coating metals, and then exposing the coating at an elevated temperature to an atmosphere containing a reactive gaseous species which forms a nitride, a carbide, a boride or a silicide. The coating material is a mixture of the metals M 1 and M 2 , M 1 being zirconium and/or titanium, which forms a stable nitride, carbide, boride or silicide under the prevailing conditions. The metal M 2 does not form a stale nitride, carbide, boride or silicide. M 2 serves to bond the carbide, etc. of M 1 to the substrate metal. Mixtures of M 1 and/or M 2 metals may be employed. This method is much easier to carry out than prior methods and forms superior coatings. Eutectic alloys of M 1 and M 2 which melt substantially lower than the melting point of the substrate metal are preferred.

Imaging element comprising an electrically-conductive layer containing water-insoluble polymer particles

Imaging elements, such as photographic, electrostatographic and thermal imaging elements, are comprised of a support, an image-forming layer and an electrically-conductive layer comprising a film-forming hydrophilic colloid having dispersed therein both electrically-conductive metal-containing particles and water-insoluble polymer particles. The combination of hydrophilic colloid, metal-containing particles and water-insoluble polymer particles provides a controlled degree of electrical conductivity and beneficial chemical, physical and optical properties which adapt the electrically-conductive layer for such purposes as providing protection against static or serving as an electrode which takes part in an image-forming process.

Levothyroxine liquid formulations

The present invention is directed to a liquid formulation comprising levothyroxine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The formulation of the present invention includes tromethamine, sodium iodide, and water and has a pH of about 9.0 to about 11.5. The liquid formulation according to the invention is stable and ready-to-use.

Process for applying hard coatings and the like to metals and resulting product

ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE Hard coatings are applied to substrate metals by coating the metal surface, e.g. by dipping the substrate metal in a molten alloy of the coating metals, and then exposing the coating at an elevated temperature to an atmosphere containing a reactive gaseous species which forms a nitride, a carbide, a boride or a silicide. The coating material is a mixture of the metals M1 and M2 of which M1 forms a stable nitride, carbide, boride or silicide under the prevailing conditions and of which M2 does not form a stable nitride, carbide, boride or silicide. M2 serves to bond the nitride, etc. of M1 to the substrate metal. Mixtures of M1 and/or M2 metals may be employed. This method is much easier to carry out than prior methods.

Method for remote user control for stereoscopic display and device thereof

A method for modifying images for display on a three dimensional display includes receiving a first image and a corresponding second image which together represent a three dimensional image when displayed on the display. Glasses suitable to be worn by a viewer of the display provide depth perception of the three dimensional image. The glasses selectively send a signal to the display indicating whether the viewer selectively observes either two dimensional or three dimensional content by the display. The glasses also selectively send a signal to the display indicating the depth strength and image brightness of the perceived images.

Wireless data concentrators for aircraft data networks

Embodiments described herein provide for a four-channel Wireless Data Concentrator (WDC) for a data network of an aircraft. One embodiment of a WDC includes a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), and a controller. The controller is electrically coupled to a top surface of the PCB and is proximate to a centerline of the PCB. The WDC further includes four Radio Frequency (RF) transceivers electrically coupled to the top surface of the PCB that are disposed orthogonally to each other around the controller. Each RF transceiver communicates with at least one wireless sensor that measures an environment of the aircraft. The WDC further includes four inverted-F PCB trace antennas fabricated along the top surface of the PCB. Each inverted-F PCB trace antenna is electrically coupled to one of the RF transceivers and is disposed orthogonally to each other around the controller.

Ion focusing device

Apparatus includes a plurality of electrode arrangements spaced apart from each other opposite an ion propagation axis and defining an ion transfer channel that extends along the ion propagation axis that tapers between an input end that is situated to receive ions and an output end that is situated to couple the received ions to an input end of an ion guide. Methods include positioning a plurality of electrode arrangements at oblique angles opposite an ion propagation axis so as to form an ion transfer channel that tapers between an input end and an output end, and coupling the output end of the ion transfer channel to an input end of an ion optical element so as to direct ions in the ion transfer channel into the ion optical element. RF voltages are applied for confining the ions. Travelling waves are generated along the ion propagation axis.

Pyrimidine derivatives as anti-diabetic agents

The pyrimidine derivatives as anti-diabetic agents are chloropyrimidinyl derivatives having the general formula of compound 81, wherein R 1 is –N(CH3)CH 2 CH 2 OH (compound 81c) or –N(H)CH 2 CH 2 OH (compound 81f) or the general formula of compound 82, wherein R 2 is -N(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 OH (compound 82c) or –N(CH 2 CH 2 ) 2 O (compound 82d), as follows: The derivatives may be used for treating diabetes in humans or animals and have demonstrated efficacy, specifically in treating type 2 diabetes. Two methods of synthesizing the pyrimidine derivatives are described herein. The method using microwaves (Method B) is a green method that can provide high yields in a short time and with high purity. The compounds act as GLP-1 receptor agonists and are more potent than conventional drugs. As such, the compounds may be used in lower doses, and, hence, have fewer side effects.

DC-based peer-to-peer network for aircraft

A passenger control unit (PCU) network is provided for a passenger aircraft having passenger seats in a plurality of zones, each zone having at least one column of seats, and each column having at least one row of seats. The PCU network includes a direct current (DC) power distribution system, and a plurality of wired PCUs, one PCU associated with each passenger seat and coupled to the DC power distribution system. Each PCU has a processor and system memory and a standard data and power interface, the processor being programmed for differential peer-to-peer communication with adjacently interconnected PCUs throughout the PCU network and with an external system of the aircraft. A PCU of one seat of each row is serially coupled to all PCUs in the respective row, and designated as a row master PCU; a PCU of one seat of each column is serially coupled to all row master PCUs in the respective column, and designated as a column master PCU; a PCU of one seat of each zone is serially coupled to all column master PCUs in the respective zone, and designated as a zone master PCU; and one zone master PCU is designated as a PCU system master and connected to an external system. Two-conductor data wires couple all PCUs within the PCU network.

Control module unit for services systems for vehicle

【課題】配線の重量とコストを削減し、機体への配線作業を容易にする配線システムを構築する。【解決手段】キャビンサービスシステムは、制御モジュールユニット１２と、制御モジュールユニットに対して機械的接続及び給電を行うように構成された一対のパワーレール２８と、複数のキャビンサービス１６ａ〜１６ｆと、を含み、制御モジュールは、複数のキャビンサービスに通信可能に接続しており、複数のキャビンサービスの制御を行う。制御モジュールは、複数の通信ポート２４と、複数の通信ポートのうち少なくとも１つの通信ポートと接続している複数のリレー３４と、を含み、複数の通信ポートの各通信ポートは、複数のキャビンサービスのうち少なくとも１つのキャビンサービスに対応し、複数のリレーにおける各リレーは、複数のキャビンサービスのうち関連付けられたキャビンサービスに対する個別制御を行う。【選択図】図１

Binding a cryptographic module to a platform

One embodiment is a computer system having firmware that shares a secret with a cryptographic co-processor to determine if the cryptographic co-processor has been tampered with or removed from the computer system.

Signal processing apparatus

The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of correlation in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to blood oximetry measurements.

Interrupt expander circuit

TITLE AN INTERRUPT EXPANDER CIRCUIT ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION An interrupt expander circuit provides for greatly enlarging the capacity of vectored interrupts in a microprocessor system. This circuit provides the capability for a very large number of peripheral devices to be connected to a microprocessor centeral processing unit via an interrupt structure while maintaining the same interface requirements between the interrupting peripheral devices and the micro-processor. This circuit provides a priority interrupt structure.

Signal processing apparatus

The present disclosure describes a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals using various processing techniques. In certain embodiments, the measured signals are physiological signals. In certain embodiments, the measurements relate to blood constituent measurements including blood oxygen saturation.

Mask etch plasma reactor having an array of optical sensors viewing the workpiece backside and a tunable element controlled in response to the optical sensors

A plasma reactor has an array of passages extending through its workpiece support pedestal from a bottom thereof that forms a two-dimensional array of openings in the support surface. The reactor further includes a plurality of optical fibers, each fiber extending through a respective one of the passages. Optical sensing apparatus is coupled to the output ends of the optical fibers and is responsive in the range of wavelengths. The reactor further includes a tunable element capable of changing a two-dimensional etch rate distribution across the surface of a workpiece supported on the pedestal, and a process controller connected to receive information from the optical sensing apparatus and to transmit control commands to the tunable element.

Workpiece rotation apparatus for a plasma reactor system

A plasma processing system (100) for processing a planar workpiece is provided that has the capability of changing the rotational position of a workpiece relative to a plasma processing chamber of the system. The system workpiece transfer apparatus is coupled to the reactor chambers (102, 104, 106, 108) of the system. The workpiece transfer apparatus is capable of transferring workpieces to and from each of the chambers. The system further includes a factory interface (120) coupled to the workpiece transfer apparatus for transferring workpieces from and to a factory environment external of the plasma processing system. The factory interface includes (a) a frame defining an internal volume, (b) a rotatable and translatable arm (134) supported on the frame within the internal volume, (c) a workpiece-handling blade (126) attached to an outer end of the arm, and (d) a stationary workpiece-holding support bracket (140, 160) that facilitates rotation of a workpiece.

Optimizing waste slurry disposal in fractured injection operations

Methods and apparatus are provided for optimizing operations for a fracturing injection waste disposal well especially where the formation is damaged or tight such that pressure fall-off tests are impractical due to extended leak-off rate times. Formation closure pressure and formation stress are calculated using Instantaneous Shut-in Pressure rather than traditional methods requiring actual fracture closure.

Method and apparatus for ion mobility separations utilizing alternating current waveforms

Methods and apparatuses for ion manipulations, including ion trapping, transfer, and mobility separations, using traveling waves (TW) formed by continuous alternating current (AC) are disclosed. An apparatus for ion manipulation includes a surface to which are coupled a first plurality of continuous electrodes and a second plurality of segmented electrodes. The second plurality of segmented electrodes is arranged in longitudinal sets between or adjacent to the first plurality of electrodes. An RF voltage applied to adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes is phase shifted by approximately 180° to confine ions within the apparatus. An AC voltage waveform applied to adjacent electrodes within a longitudinal set of the second plurality of segmented electrodes is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes by l°-359° to move ions longitudinally through the apparatus for separation.

Flexible splice protector

A fiber optic cable splice assembly includes: a first fiber optic cable having a first optical fiber with an exposed first exposed splice region, a first ribbon portion adjacent the first optical fiber and a first jacket; a second fiber optic cable having a second optical fiber with an exposed second splice region, a second ribbon portion adjacent the second optical fiber and a second jacket, the second optical fiber fusion-spliced to the first optical fiber; a splice protector that overlies the first and second exposed splice regions; and a first fiber boot attached to the splice protector that overlies the first ribbon portion.