METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF CULTURE MEDIA RICH FOR LABELING OF AMINO ACIDS INCORPORATED INTO PROTEINS

La présente invention concerne une méthode de préparation d'un hydrolysat de microorganisme dont au moins un acide aminé et/ou un précurseur d'acide aminé est marqué, comprenant une étape de d'obtention d'un hydrolysat de microorganisme en solution dans lequel tous les acides aminés se trouvent sous la forme libre, et une étape de remplacement dans cet hydolysat d'au moins un acide aminé et son cétoacide s'il est présent par le même acide aminé mais sous une forme marquée ou par son précurseur marqué. La présente invention concerne également des mélange d'enzymes pour mettre en œuvre cette méthode.

TETRAHYDROCHINOLIN-DERIVATE ALS CRTH2 ANTAGONISTEN

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication method which uses a plurality of sub-carriers grouped in a sequence of chunks, the method includes receiving uplink data from one or more user devices and generating corresponding ACK/NACK messages for the received data, forming control data defining an allocation of one or more chunks of the sub-carriers for each of a plurality of user devices, transmitting the control data to the user devices, and transmitting the ACK/NACK messages to the corresponding user devices, wherein the control data for each user device is transmitted over a control channel using a first subset of the plurality of sub-carriers and the ACK/NACK messages for each user device are transmitted over an ACK/NACK channel that is separate from the control channel using a second different subset of the plurality of sub-carriers. 1. A communication method which uses a plurality of sub-carriers grouped in a sequence of chunks , the method comprising:receiving uplink data from one or more user devices and generating corresponding ACK/NACK messages for the received data;forming control data defining an allocation of one or more chunks of said sub-carriers for each of a plurality of user devices;transmitting said control data to said user devices; andtransmitting said ACK/NACK messages to the corresponding user devices;wherein the control data for each user device is transmitted over a control channel using a first subset of said plurality of sub-carriers and the ACK/NACK messages for each user device are transmitted over an ACK/NACK channel that is separate from said control channel using a second different subset of said plurality of sub-carriers.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said forming forms control data that allocates said one or more chunks of sub-carriers to each of said user devices for use in transmitting uplink data claim 1 , optionally wherein said generating generates an ACK/NACK message for the data received on each chunk of sub-carriers claim 1 , and/or ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication method which uses a plurality of sub-carriers, the method includes receiving uplink data from one or more user devices and generating corresponding ACK/NACK messages for the received data, forming control data defining an allocation of the sub-carriers for each of a plurality of user devices, transmitting the control data to the user devices, determining the sub-carriers to be used to transmit the ACK/NACK messages to a user device in dependence upon sub-carriers allocated to that user device, and transmitting the ACK/NACK messages to the corresponding user devices using the determined sub-carriers, wherein the control data for each user device is transmitted over a control channel using a first subset of the plurality of sub-carriers and the ACK/NACK messages for each user device are transmitted over an ACK/NACK channel that is separate from the control channel using a second different subset of the plurality of sub-carriers. 1. A communication method which uses a plurality of sub-carriers , the method comprising:receiving uplink data from one or more user devices and generating corresponding ACK/NACK messages for the received data;forming control data defining an allocation of said sub-carriers for each of a plurality of user devices;transmitting said control data to said user devices;determining the sub-carriers to be used to transmit the ACK/NACK messages to a user device in dependence upon sub-carriers allocated to that user device; andtransmitting said ACK/NACK messages to the corresponding user devices using the determined sub-carriers;wherein the control data for each user device is transmitted over a control channel using a first subset of said plurality of sub-carriers and the ACK/NACK messages for each user device are transmitted over an ACK/NACK channel that is separate from said control channel using a second different subset of said plurality of sub-carriers.2. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising grouping the sub-carriers ...

RELAY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A relay communications system is described in which a base station is able to support both Frequency diversity R-PDCCH transmission and Frequency selective R-PDCCH transmission either within different cells, or within the same cell but not the same sub-frame or within the same cell and within the same sub-frame. 1. A communications station operable to communicate with a number of communications devices , including a number of relay stations , using a communication cell , wherein the communications station is operable to transmit , within the cell , a sequence of sub-frames , and is operable to use frequency division multiplexing to transmit relay control data for different relay stations using both frequency selective transmission and frequency diversity transmission in the same sub-frame of the cell.2. A communications station according to claim 1 , which is operable to transmit configuration data in advance to each relay station identifying if the relay station is to monitor frequency selective transmissions or frequency diversity transmissions.3. A communications station according to claim 2 , wherein the configuration data includes data defining one or more subsets of Physical Resource Blocks that may carry the control data.4. A communications station according to claim 1 , wherein for said frequency diversity transmission claim 1 , the communications station is operable to transmit relay control data for plural relay stations in an interleaved manner on one or more Physical Resource Blocks.5. A communications station according to claim 1 , wherein for said frequency selective transmission claim 1 , the communications station is operable to transmit relay control data for plural relay stations in anon interleaved manner on a respective plurality of Physical Resource Blocks.6. A communications station according to claim 1 , which is operable to transmit relay control data for different groups of relay stations in different sub-frames.7. A communications station ...

Concentrated photovoltaic and thermal system

A concentrated photovoltaic and thermal system is disclosed. The system compromises a photovoltaic receiver assembly that produces highly concentrated solar energy, resulting in efficient energy conversion that requires fewer photovoltaic receivers than an arrangement that lacks such high concentration levels. The receiver assembly comprises a primary optical element that concentrates the source light onto an electromagnetic energy receiver, a secondary optical element to aid in further concentration of the light source, a thermal energy converter and a heat dissipation unit. The photovoltaic receiver assembly is preferably mounted on a tracking system to maximize sun exposure.

DOWNLINK MULTIPLEXING

A method performed by a node of a communications system includes storing allocation data defining persistently allocated resources for use in communicating data between the node and another node of the communications system within predetermined transmission time intervals, receiving control data relating to a dynamic allocation of resources to be used in a current transmission time interval, the received control data including modulation and coding data and HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) data, and determining if at least one of the modulation and coding data and the HARQ data in the received control data, includes a predefined bit pattern, and if the determining determines that the predefined bit pattern is present, then changing a setting of the stored allocation data defining the persistently allocated resources. 1. A method performed by a node of a communications system , the method comprising:storing allocation data defining persistently allocated resources for use in communicating data between the node and another node of the communications system within predetermined transmission time intervals;receiving control data relating to a dynamic allocation of resources to be used in a current transmission time interval, the received control data comprising modulation and coding data and HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) data;determining if at least one of the modulation and coding data and the HARQ data in the received control data, includes a predefined bit pattern; andif the determining determines that the predefined bit pattern is present, then changing a setting of the stored allocation data defining the persistently allocated resources.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said predefined bit pattern is included in said HARQ data.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said predefined bit pattern is included in said modulation and coding data.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said control data includes ID data identifying the node ...

CELL SELECTION

A first base station for use in a communications network, the first base station having a first cell operating range, comprising: means for obtaining data relating to at least one characteristic of a signal transmitted by a second base station having a second cell operating range which is different from and overlaps with the first cell operating range of the first base station; means for determining a cell selection bias value for the first or second base station using the obtained data; and means for transmitting the determined cell selection bias value to a user device within the first cell operating range of the first base station. 1. A first base station for use in a communications network , the first base station having a first cell operating range , comprising:means for obtaining data relating to at least one characteristic of a signal transmitted by a second base station having a second cell operating range which is different from and overlaps with the first cell operating range of the first base station;means for determining a cell selection bias value for the first or second base station using the obtained data; andmeans for transmitting the determined cell selection bias value to a user device within the first cell operating range of the first base station.2. The first base station of claim 1 , wherein the means for obtaining data comprises means for receiving signal measurement reports from user devices within the first cell operating range of the first base station; and wherein the means for determining is configured to determine the cell selection bias value for the first or second base station using the received signal measurement reports.3. The first base station of claim 2 , wherein the signal measurement reports comprise one or more of: a physical cell identifier claim 2 , a reference signal received power claim 2 , geographical location of a user device claim 2 , and a pathloss measurement.4. The first base station of claim 2 , wherein the signal ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is presented in which a base station is provided for communicating with a plurality of mobile communication devices in a cellular communication system. The base station operates one of more communication cells and communicates subframes, with each of the plurality of communication devices within the cell(s), each comprising the communication resources of a control region for communicating a control channel and the communication resources of a data region for communicating a respective data channel. The base station communicates a control channel having a first DMRS sequence in a control region of some subframes and a control channel having a second DMRS sequence in a control region of other subframes. The second control channel may be transmitted in a radio beam focussed spatially in a direction of a communication device. The first control channel may be transmitted omnidirectionally throughout the cell(s). 1. Communication apparatus for communicating with a plurality of mobile communication devices in a cellular communication system said communication apparatus comprising:means for operating at least one communication cell;means for communicating, via a plurality of antenna ports, a plurality of subframes with each of a plurality of communication devices within said at least one cell, wherein:each sub-frame comprises a plurality of communication resources defining a control region for communicating a respective control channel and a plurality of communication resources defining a data region for communicating a respective data channel; andsaid communicating means is operable to communicate:first control information using a first reference signal pattern and using a first antenna port; andsecond control information using a second reference signal pattern and using a second antenna port.2. A communication device for communicating with communication apparatus of a cellular communication system said communication device comprising:means for ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A relay communication system is described in which a relay node communicates with a base station using a sequence of frames, each frame comprising a plurality of sub-frames. The relay node has an energy saving mode in which it monitors for communications from said base station in at least one pre-determined sub-frame of each frame and does not monitor for communication from said base station in at least one other sub-frame of that frame. 1. A communications node for a communication system , the communications node comprising:means for communicating with a further communications node using a sequence of frames, each frame comprising a plurality of sub-frames;means for obtaining information identifying the at least one pre-determined sub-frame of each frame; andmeans for initiating an energy saving mode in which the at least one pre-determined sub-frame of each frame is monitored for communications from said further communications node and at least one other sub-frame of each frame is not monitored for communications from said further communications node.2. A communications node as claimed in wherein said obtaining means is operable to obtain said information identifying the at least one pre-determined sub-frame from said further communication node.3. A communications node as claimed in wherein said obtaining means is operable to obtain said information after it is determined that said energy saving mode should be initiated.4. A communications node as claimed in wherein said obtaining means is operable to obtain said information during configuration of a connection with said further communication node.5. A communications node as claimed in further comprising means for communicating with a plurality of mobile devices.6. A communications node as claimed in wherein said initiating means is operable to determine that said energy saving mode should be initiated based on communications activity of said mobile devices.7. A communications node as claimed in wherein said ...

RESOURCE ALLOCATION

A method of allocating resources in a communication system which uses a plurality of sub-carriers arranged in a sequence of physical resource blocks wherein adjacent blocks of the sequence are arranged in groups. The method includes, in a base station, determining at least one virtual resource block for allocation to a mobile communications device, signalling data identifying each virtual resource block to the mobile communications device, and mapping each allocated virtual resource block, using predetermined mapping data, onto a plurality of spaced physical resource blocks to determine the physical resource blocks to be used for communications with the mobile communications device. At least part of the predetermined mapping data defines an equation for the location of a further physical resource block, relative to a first physical resource block. 1. A method of allocating resources in a communication system which uses a plurality of sub-carriers arranged in a sequence of physical resource blocks , wherein adjacent blocks of said sequence are arranged in groups , in a base station the method comprising:determining at least one virtual resource block for allocation to a mobile communications device;signalling data identifying each virtual resource block to said mobile communications device; andmapping each allocated virtual resource block, using predetermined mapping data, onto a plurality of spaced physical resource blocks to determine the physical resource blocks to be used for communications with the mobile communications device,wherein at least part of said predetermined mapping data defines an equation for a location of a further physical resource block, relative to a first physical resource block, and {'br': None, 'i': I', 'x, 'sub': 'PRB', '=(+gap)mod 2*gap'}, 'wherein the equation for the location of a further physical resource block can be represented as follows{'sub': 'PRB', 'where Iis an index of the further physical resource block, x is an index of the ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources , the communications node comprising:data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands;data defining an initial allocation of said frequency resources;a resource determination module operable:to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band; anda transceiver for communicating information with the ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node includes data defining a division of a communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information according to the following: 2. A communications node according to claim 1 , wherein said transceiver is operable to at least one of transmit information to and to receive information from said other communications node using the determined frequency resource.3. A communications node according to claim 1 , which comprises a user device preferably selected from the group consisting of: a cellular telephone claim 1 , a personal digital assistant claim 1 , a laptop computer and a web browser.4. A communications node according to claim 1 , which comprises a base station.5. A base station according to claim 4 , operable to communicate with a plurality of other communications nodes; wherein the base station includes data defining an initial allocation of said frequency resources for each of said other communications nodes; wherein said resource determination module is operable to apply a common frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resource for each other communications node to determine a respective frequency resource to use for communicating information with each other communications node; and wherein said transceiver is operable to communicate information with the other communications nodes using the determined frequency resource for the other communications nodes.7. A communications system according to claim 6 , wherein the communications node comprises a base station and at least one of the user devices comprises a user device preferably selected from the group consisting of: a cellular telephone claim 6 ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into S contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, the frequency shift corresponding to an integer multiple of the number N frequency resources in each sub-band, the integer multiple being an integer from the range zero to S, and a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources , the communications node comprising:data defining a division of the communications channel into S contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources;data defining an initial allocation of said frequency resources; 'apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, the frequency shift corresponding to an integer multiple of the number N frequency resources in each sub-band, the integer multiple being an integer from the range zero to S; and', 'a resource determination module operable toa transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource.2. A communications node according to wherein said transceiver is operable to at least one of transmit information to and ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A gateway is described which facilitates a change of communication cell for a mobile device in a communication system, which includes a core network. The gateway receives messages from a base station operating a cell and forwards the messages received from the base station to the core network. The gateway intercepts a message relating to a change of communication cell, from a source cell in which the mobile communication device is located to a target cell, to determine if the core network needs to be notified of the change of cell. When it is determined that the core network needs to be notified, the gateway generates a message for providing information relating to the change of cell to the core network and transmits the message to the core network. 1. A gateway apparatus configured to facilitate a change of communication cell for a mobile communication device in a communication system , the gateway apparatus being operable to receive messages from at least one base station operating a respective cell of said communication system and to forward the messages received from the at least one base station to a communication entity in a core network , the gateway apparatus comprising:a receiver configured to receive, from at least one of a source base station that operates a source cell in which said mobile communication device is located and a target base station that operates a target cell for said change of communication cell, at least one message relating to said change of communication cell;an interceptor configured to intercept and process said message relating to said change of communication cell to determine if said communication entity in the core network needs to be notified of information relating to said change of communication cell;a generator configured to generate, when it is determined that said communication entity in the core network needs to be notified of information relating to said change of communication cell, a message for providing said ...

LIGHT-EMITTING USER INPUT DEVICE FOR CALIBRATION OR PAIRING

A light emitting user input device can include a touch sensitive portion configured to accept user input (e.g., from a user's thumb) and a light emitting portion configured to output a light pattern. The light pattern can be used to assist the user in interacting with the user input device. Examples include emulating a multi-degree-of-freedom controller, indicating scrolling or swiping actions, indicating presence of objects nearby the device, indicating receipt of notifications, assisting pairing the user input device with another device, or assisting calibrating the user input device. The light emitting user input device can be used to provide user input to a wearable device, such as, e.g., a head mounted display device. 1. (canceled)2. A wearable device for pairing a light-emitting user input device , the wearable device comprising:an outward-facing imaging system configured to image an environment; and receive an image acquired by the outward-facing imaging system wherein the image comprises a light pattern illuminated by a light-emitting user input device to be paired with the wearable device;', 'analyze the image to identify the light pattern which encodes information associated with pairing the light-emitting user input device with a wearable device;', 'extract the information encoded in the light pattern for pairing the light-emitting user input device with the wearable device; and', 'pair the light-emitting user input device with wearable device based at least in part on the extracted information., 'a hardware processor in communication with the outward-facing imaging system, and programmed to3. The wearable device of claim 2 , wherein the hardware processor is further programmed to:determine whether the pairing between the light-emitting user input device and the wearable device is successful; andin response to a determination that the pairing is successful, instruct the light-emitting user input device to illuminate another light pattern indicative of a ...

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

A method of operating a communications device to perform cell reselection in a wireless communications network, the method comprising establishing a radio resource control (RRC) connection, suspending the RRC connection, transmitting a first message in a first cell, the message comprising a request that the RRC connection be resumed, before the RRC connection is resumed the first cell, selecting as a serving cell a second cell different from the first cell, and transmitting a second message in the second cell, the second message comprising a request that the RRC connection be resumed. 1. A method of operating a communications device to perform cell reselection in a wireless communications network , the method comprisingestablishing a radio resource control, RRC, connection,suspending the RRC connection,transmitting a first message in a first cell, the message comprising a request that the RRC connection be resumed,before the RRC connection is resumed in the first cell, selecting as a serving cell a second cell different from the first cell, andtransmitting in the second cell a request that the RRC connection be resumed.2. A method according to claim 1 , the method comprisingreceiving from an infrastructure equipment an indicator that indicates that the communications device is permitted to request that the RRC connection be resumed, whereinthe indicator indicates that the communications device is permitted to request that the RRC connection is resumed after a cell reselection procedure to a current serving cell which occurred prior to a completion of an RRC resume procedure in a previous serving cell.3. A method of operating a communications device to perform cell reselection in a wireless communications network claim 1 , the method comprisingestablishing a radio resource control, RRC, connection,suspending the RRC connection,determining a radio access network-based (RAN-based) notification area (RNA), the RNA comprising a plurality of cells within which the ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH BEAM QUALITY MEASUREMENT

A method, performed by a communication device, comprising a) measuring a respective beam quality for each of a plurality of beams of a cell, b) identifying, within said plurality of beams, a first group of beams comprising a number, N, of beams, c) selecting, from within said first group of beams, a second group of beams comprising a number, M, of beams, and d) deriving a cell quality for the cell based on the measured beam qualities for the M beams of the second group. 1. A method , performed by a communication device , the method comprising:a) measuring a respective beam quality for each of a plurality of beams of a cell;b) identifying, within said plurality of beams, a first group of beams comprising a number, N, of beams wherein each beam of said first group exhibits a respective measured beam quality that is among N best measured beam qualities arising from said measuring;c) selecting, from within said first group of beams, a second group of beams comprising a number, M, of beams that have a measured beam quality that is better than, or equal to, a best measured beam quality for the beams within said first group less a preconfigured offset;d) deriving a cell quality for the cell based on the measured beam qualities for the M beams of the second group.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising reporting the cell quality to a base station in a measurement report.3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising determining a correlation between at least one pair of beams of said first and/or second group.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein information identifying said correlation is included in said measurement report separately from the derived cell quality.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the cell quality is further derived based on the determined correlation.6. The method according to claim 2 , wherein information identifying the number claim 2 , M claim 2 , of beams in the second group is included in said measurement ...

SCRAMBLING INITIALISATION IN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

Scrambling code is initialized based on a parameter, n′, that changes from a given block of sub-frames to a subsequent block of sub-frames wherein the parameter is derived using one of the following formulas: 1. A communication apparatus for a communication system , the communication apparatus comprising:a memory configured to store instructions; and 'control a transceiver to receive, from a user equipment, over a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), signals scrambled using a scrambling sequence,', 'one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to [ [{'br': None, 'i': c', '=n', '+q·', '+└n', '+N, 'sub': init', 'RNTI', 's', 'ID, 'sup': 14', '13', '9', 'cell, '·22/2┘·2,'}, {'sub': init', 'RNTI', 's', 'ID, 'sup': 'cell', 'where cis an initial scrambling code for a sub-frame, nis a temporary identifier associated with the user equipment, q is a codeword index, nis a slot number, and Nis a cell identifier; and'}], 'i) when the user equipment does not require coverage enhancement, the scrambling sequence is initialized, in each sub-frame, using the formula, 'ii) when the user equipment is configured as a bandwidth limited user equipment that requires coverage enhancement, the scrambling sequence is applied per sub-frame for the PUSCH for a given block of sub-frames, and said scrambling sequence is initialized based on a parameter that changes from one block of sub-frames to a next block of sub-frames., 'wherein2. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors is/are further configured to apply the scrambling sequence to the signals for descrambling the signals upon reception by the transceiver.3. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising a base station.4. A user equipment for a communication system claim 1 , the user equipment comprising:a memory configured to store instructions; and 'control a transceiver to transmit signals, to a communication apparatus of the communication system, over a ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is described in which system information is transmitted to communication devices, by a communication apparatus of the system, in system information blocks, in accordance with a system information block transmission scheme. The communication apparatus configures at least one system information block to include control information indicating how the system information blocks will be transmitted. 130-. (canceled)31. A first communications apparatus which communicates with second communications apparatus , the first communications apparatus comprising;a transceiver configured to receive a Master Information Block (MIB) which includes first information; andat least one processor configured to determine, based on the first information, a Transport Block Size (TBS) for System Information Block 1 (SIB1) and a number of repetitions of the SIB1,wherein the transceiver is further configured to receive the SIB1 based on the first information.32. A first communications apparatus according to claim 31 , wherein the MIB further includes Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information.33. A first communications apparatus according to claim 31 , wherein the SIB1 includes information indicating repetition times for a number of repetitions of other system information.34. A first communications apparatus according to claim 31 , wherein the first information comprises an indication of one of a plurality of predefined configurations of TBS and number of repetitions claim 31 , wherein the TBS and the number of repetitions for SIB1 is determined based on the indication.35. A first communications apparatus according to claim 33 , wherein the other system information comprises system information for Machine Type Communications (MTC) apparatus.36. A first communications apparatus according to claim 31 , wherein the first communications apparatus is a mobile station and the second communications apparatus is a base station.37. A first communications apparatus according to ...

METHODS, WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS AND INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT

A method of controlling communications within a wireless communications network is provided. The method comprises communicating, with a first infrastructure equipment acting as a donor node connected to a core network, signals representing data by a second infrastructure equipment over a first communications path via one or more other infrastructure equipment acting as relay nodes, the second infrastructure equipment being a child node and one of the one or more other infrastructure equipment acting as the relay nodes or the donor node being a parent node, the parent node being connected to the child node via a backhaul communications link and configured to allocate uplink communications resources to the child node. 1. A method of controlling communications within a wireless communications network comprising a plurality of infrastructure equipment each being configured to communicate with one or more others of the infrastructure equipment via a backhaul communications link , one or more of the infrastructure equipment each being configured to communicate with one or more communications devices via an access link , the method comprisingcommunicating, with a first of the infrastructure equipment acting as a donor node connected to a core network, the core network being part of the wireless communications network, signals representing data by a second of the infrastructure equipment over a first communications path via one or more others of the infrastructure equipment acting as relay nodes, the second infrastructure equipment being a child node and one of the one or more other infrastructure equipment acting as the relay nodes or the donor node being a parent node, the parent node being connected to the child node via a backhaul communications link and configured to allocate uplink communications resources to the child node,transmitting, by the child node to the donor node over the first communications path, local assistance information associated with the child node, ...

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

A method for transmitting data by a communications device, the method comprising determining that a plurality of communications resources overlap, the communications resources being configured for the transmission of data by the communications device, in response to determining that the plurality of communications resources overlap, selecting communications resources comprising at least a portion of one or more of the plurality of communications resources, selecting data to be transmitted using the selected communications resources, and transmitting the selected data using the selected communications resources. 1. A method for transmitting data by a communications device , the method comprisingdetermining that a plurality of communications resources overlap, the communications resources being configured for the transmission of data by the communications device,in response to determining that the plurality of communications resources overlap, selecting communications resources comprising at least a portion of one or more of the plurality of communications resources,selecting data to be transmitted using the selected communications resources, andtransmitting the selected data using the selected communications resources.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of communications resources are allocated for the transmission of data by the communications device.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the selecting communications resources is based on a frequency range associated with each of the plurality of communications resources.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the selecting communications resources is based on at least one of a starting time and an ending time associated with each of the plurality of communications resources.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of communications resources is associated with a latency requirement claim 1 , andselecting communications resources is based on the latency requirement ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A method for a user device , the method comprising:receiving information from a base station, the information corresponding to first contiguous resource blocks allocated to the user device, communicating with the base station using the first contiguous resource blocks starting from a first resource block at a first period in a subframe; andcommunicating with the base station using second contiguous resource blocks starting from a second resource block at a second period in the subframe;wherein a number of the first contiguous resource blocks is the same as a number of the second contiguous resource blocks,wherein a position of the second resource block in a frequency axis is determined using A mod B,wherein A is determined by sum of a first value and a second value, 'an uplink bandwidth size, and', 'wherein B is determined by a third value, the third value indicatingwherein the first value indicates a position of the first resource block in the ...

RELAY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A method in a relay station includes communicating with a base station, determining if a control signal is included in a subframe, and decoding data in the subframe if the control signal is included in the subframe. The control signal includes a parameter which is related to a quantity of resource blocks. 1. A method in a relay station , the method comprising:communicating with a base station;determining if a control signal is included in a subframe; anddecoding data in the subframe if the control signal is included in the subframe,wherein the control signal includes a parameter which is related to a quantity of resource blocks.2. The method according to the claim 1 , wherein the control signal is related to a relay Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).3. The method according to the claim 1 , wherein the data is related to a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).4. A relay station claim 1 , comprising:a transceiver configured to communicate with a base station; anda processor configured to determine if a control signal is included in a subframe,wherein the processor is further configured to decode data in the subframe if the control signal is included in the subframe, andwherein the control signal includes a parameter which is related to a quantity of resource blocks. The present application is a Continuation Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/138,741, filed on Sep. 23, 2011, which is based on International Application No. PCT/JP2010/057305, filed on Apr. 19, 2010, which is based on the United Kingdom Patent Application No. 0907083.0, filed on Apr. 24, 2009, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.The present invention relates to a communication system and to components thereof for providing relay services to mobile or fixed communication devices. The invention has particular but not exclusive relevance to relay services used in LTE-Advanced as currently defined in 3GPP standards documentation TR 36.814 V1.0.0. ...

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

A method of transmitting data by a communications device in a wireless communications network, the method comprising receiving a first downlink control message comprising an indication of a first dynamic grant allocating first uplink communications resources for transmission of data by the communications device, receiving a second downlink control message, the second downlink control message comprising an indication of a second dynamic grant allocating second uplink communications resources for transmission of data by the communications device, determining that the second uplink communications resources comprise at least a portion of the first uplink communications resources, determining that the first uplink communications resources are associated with a higher priority than the second uplink communications resources, and in response to the determining that the first uplink communications resources are associated with a higher priority than the second uplink communications resources, transmitting a transport block using the first uplink communications resources. 1. A method of transmitting data by a communications device in a wireless communications network , the method comprisingreceiving a first downlink control message comprising an indication of a first dynamic grant allocating first uplink communications resources for transmission of data by the communications device,receiving a second downlink control message, the second downlink control message comprising an indication of a second dynamic grant allocating second uplink communications resources for transmission of data by the communications device,determining that the second uplink communications resources comprise at least a portion of the first uplink communications resources,determining that the first uplink communications resources are associated with a higher priority than the second uplink communications resources, andin response to the determining that the first uplink communications resources are ...

INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT, COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE AND METHODS

An infrastructure equipment forming part of a wireless communications network for transmitting data to or receiving data from a plurality of communications devices is provided. The infrastructure equipment providing a cell having a coverage area in which the plurality of communications devices are located. The infrastructure equipment comprises circuitry configured to transmit signals to the communications devices via a wireless access interface provided by the wireless communications network, receive signals from the communications devices via the wireless access interface, transmit to the plurality of communications devices an indication of one or more of a plurality of uplink data transmission configurations, receive a first signal comprising a random access preamble and uplink data from one of the communications devices, and transmit a random access response message to the one of the communications devices.

TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPARATUS AND METHODS

A wireless telecommunication system comprising a terminal device, a first network access node and a second network access node, wherein the first and second network access nodes are configured to support a dual connectivity mode of operation for the terminal device in which the first network access node acts as a master network access node and the second network access node acts as a secondary network access node and in which the same data are communicated between the terminal device and the first network access node and between the terminal device and the second network access node.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is presented in which a base station operates a first cell using a first component carrier and a second cell using a second component carrier. A control channel and reference signals of a first type are provided using the first component carrier. The control channel and the reference signals of the first type are not provided, and reference signals of a second type are provided, using the second component carrier. The base station determines from results of measurements performed on reference signals of the second type whether or not the mobile communication device is within an area covered by said second cell and, if it is, transmits cell configuration information to the mobile communication device. 1. Communication apparatus for a cellular communication system , the communication apparatus comprising:means for operating a first cell using a first component carrier and a second cell using a second component carrier, wherein:reference signals of a first type are provided in a control region and in a data region of sub-frames communicated using the first component carrier;the reference signals of the first type are not provided in sub-frames communicated using the second component carrier; andreference signals of a second type are provided in a data region but are not provided in a control region of sub-frames communicated using the second component carrier;means for communicating with a mobile communication device using the first component carrier;means for communicating with the mobile communication device using the second component carrier;means for receiving, from the mobile communication device, results of measurements performed on the reference signals of the first type for the first component carrier and results of measurements performed on the reference signals of the second type for the second component carrier;means for determining, from the results of the measurements performed on the reference signals of the second type, whether or ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Communication apparatus is disclosed which is suitable for communicating with a mobile communication device in a communication system which uses a plurality of radio frames wherein each radio frame is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of subframes, each subframe is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of slots, and each slot is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of symbols. The communication apparatus operates a communication cell, generates discovery signals, for use in a cell search procedure, each discovery signal comprising a pair of synchronisation signals and a further signal, and transmits each synchronisation signal and the further signal in a respective symbol of a radio frame. The symbol in which the further signal is transmitted separated, in the time domain, by no more than half a radio frame from at least one of said pair of synchronisation signals. 125-. (canceled)26. Communication apparatus for communicating with a mobile communication device in a communication system which uses a plurality of radio frames wherein each radio frame is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of subframes , said communication apparatus comprising:a memory storing instructions; andone or more processors configured to execute the instructions to:operate a communication cell;generate discovery signals for use in a cell search procedure, each discovery signal comprising at least one synchronisation signal and configure a periodicity at which said communication apparatus should transmit said discovery signals and, when configuring said periodicity, to select said periodicity from any of a plurality of possible periodicities; andtransmit said discovery signals at said configured periodicity.27. Communications apparatus according to wherein said periodicity comprises a plurality of radio frames.28. Communications apparatus according to wherein said periodicity comprises a plurality of subframes.29. Communications apparatus according to ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is provided in which a communication node can allocate resources, for another communication node, within a number of consecutive subframes using a single control message. The other communication node receives codewords transmitted over using the allocated resources, aggregates ACK/NACK feedback for the received codewords and transmits the aggregated ACK/NACK feedback to the communication node for use in controlling subsequent transmission of new codewords or retransmission of previous codewords. 1. A communication node arranged to communicate with another communication node using communications resources that are arranged in subframes , the communication node comprising:a controller configured to generate and output a control message for the other communication node, the control message allocating communications resources within a plurality of subframes over which the communication node will transmit at least one codeword in each subframe for the other communication node; anda transceiver configured to transmit the codewords to the other communication node using the allocated communications resources within the plurality of subframes,wherein the transceiver is further configured to receive, from the other communication node, ACK/NACK feedback for each codeword indicating acknowledgment of receipt or non-receipt of the codeword,wherein the transceiver is further configured to receive, during a subframe, aggregated ACK/NACK feedback from the other communication node indicating acknowledgment of receipt or non-receipt of each of a plurality of codewords transmitted by the communication node in different subframes, and is further configured to process the aggregated ACK/NACK feedback to control the controller so that any codewords that were not received are scheduled for retransmission to the other communication node.2. A communication node according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to use a plurality of HARQ processes to ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A system is disclosed in which a base station defines a search space, in which a communication device can search for control information. The search space is characterised by at least first information which is related to a starting subframes of a plurality of portions of the search space and second information which is related to a periodicity between respective starting subframes, each portion representing a different candidate for the transmission of control information. The base station obtains a parameter indicating both the initial starting subframe and the periodicity and transmits the generated parameter to the communication device. 1. A base station comprising: 'define a search space in which at least one communication device, of a plurality of communication devices, can search for control information, wherein the search space is characterised by at least first information which is related to a starting subframe representing a start of the search space and second information which is related to a periodicity representing a time period between respective starting subframes of a plurality of portions of the search space, each portion representing a different candidate for transmission of control information; and', 'a processor configured toa transceiver configured to transmit a parameter to said communication device, the parameter configured to indicate both the starting subframe and the periodicity.3. The base station according to claim 2 , wherein the Rmax is given by a higher layer parameter M-PDCCH-NumRepetition and G is given by a higher layer parameter M-PDCCH-startSF-CSS-RA-r13 or mPDCCH-startSF-UESS.4. The base station according to claim 2 , wherein the Rmax gives at least one of repetition levels r1 claim 2 , r2 claim 2 , r3 and r4 claim 2 , each level being selected from a set of R {1 claim 2 , 2 claim 2 , 4 claim 2 , 8 claim 2 , 16 claim 2 , 32 claim 2 , 64 claim 2 , 128 claim 2 , 256}.6. The base station according to claim 4 , wherein the search ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a communication device and a base station initially communicate using a first bandwidth. The communication device monitors for control data transmitted, by the base station, using a first control resource set conveyed in the first bandwidth. The communication device and the base station switch to using a second bandwidth, wherein the second bandwidth is different to the first bandwidth, and the communication device monitors for control data transmitted, by the base station, using a second control resource set that is conveyed in the second bandwidth. 1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) for bandwidth adaptation in a communication system comprising a base station serving an associated communication area , the method comprising:communicating using an initial bandwidth part having a first bandwidth that is part of a cell bandwidth,monitoring for control data transmitted, by the base station, using a first control resource set for a common search space, CSS, wherein the first control resource is conveyed in the initial bandwidth part;changing to using a second bandwidth for said communicating, wherein the second bandwidth is different to the first bandwidth; andmonitoring for control data transmitted, by the base station, using a second control resource set for a CSS second control of resource get is conveyed in the second bandwidth, and wherein second control resource set is different to the first control resource set.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising configuring claim 1 , at the UE claim 1 , a bandwidth part set comprising at least one bandwidth part for a given serving cell.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said configuring is performed by higher layers.4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein for each bandwidth part in the bandwidth part set claim 2 , the UE is configured with a respective control resource set for at least one common search space and for at least one UE- ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which communication devices communicate with a base station using radio frames made up of a sequence of subframes and a frequency band made up of frequency subbands. The base station identifies a subframe in which a broadcast message, carrying information for at least one communication device, is to be broadcast; transmits, in a control channel, in a frequency subband in a current subframe that precedes the identified subframe, control information to identify said subframe in which said broadcast message is to be broadcast; and transmits the broadcast message in the identified subframe. 1. A mobile station which communicates with a base station , the mobile station comprising;a transceiver configured to:receive a first parameter and a second parameter;transmit a first message; andreceive a control channel based on the first parameter and the second parameter, andat least one processor configured to decode a downlink shared channel associated with the control channel based on information in the control channel,wherein the first parameter is related to at least one sub-frame to receive the control channel,wherein the second parameter is related to at least one narrow band to receive the control channel.2. The mobile station according to claim 1 , wherein the control channel and the downlink shared channel are in a second message.3. The mobile station according to claim 1 , wherein the transceiver further is configured to transmit a third message based on information in the downlink shared channel claim 1 , wherein the information in the downlink shared channel comprises a third parameter which is related to at least one narrow band to transmit the third message.4. The mobile station according to claim 1 , wherein the control channel comprises a third parameter which is related to repetition of the downlink shared channel.5. The mobile station according to claim 1 , wherein the information in the downlink shared channel further ...

METHODS, WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS AND INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT

A method of controlling communications within a wireless communications network is provided. The method comprises in advance of transmitting the data by a child node to a donor node, configuring, by one of the donor node and a parent node, a Buffer Status Report, general BSR timer for the child node, the general BSR timer being common and synchronised among at least a subset of a plurality of infrastructure equipment, receiving, at the parent node, subsequent to expiry of the general BSR timer, a signal comprising a BSR from the child node indicating an amount of uplink data that the child node has ready to transmit to the parent node, and scheduling, by the parent node, in accordance with the BSR received from the child node, communications resources of the backhaul communications link to the child node in which the child node is to transmit the uplink data. 1. A method of controlling communications within a wireless communications network comprising a plurality of infrastructure equipment each being configured to communicate with one or more others of the infrastructure equipment via a backhaul communications link , one or more of the infrastructure equipment each being configured to communicate with one or more communications devices via an access link , the method comprisingtransmitting, to a first of the infrastructure equipment acting as a donor node connected to a core network part of the wireless communications network, data by a second of the infrastructure equipment via one or more others of the infrastructure equipment acting as relay nodes, the second infrastructure equipment being a child node and one of the one or more other infrastructure equipment acting as the relay nodes or the donor node being a parent node to which the child node is attached, the parent node being configured to allocate uplink communications resources to the child node, wherein the method comprises, in advance of the transmitting the data by the child node to the donor node, ...

Dynamic Duty Cycle for a Welding and Cutting Apparatus

A welding apparatus is configured to obtain values of one or more real-time operating parameters associated with the welding apparatus. Using the values of the one or more operating conditions, the welding apparatus is configured to determine a dynamic duty cycle of the welding apparatus, given the present/current operating conditions of the welding apparatus.

WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT, COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE AND METHODS

A method for operating an infrastructure equipment forming part of a radio access network part of a wireless communications network is provided. The method comprising configuring a notification area of a radio access network part by determining one or more base stations and/or one or more of non-terrestrial network parts which form part of the notification area, the base stations and/or the non-terrestrial network parts of the notification area being for use in transmitting signals to a communications device from the wireless communications network, determining, based on the notification area and on a present time, which one of the base stations and/or the non-terrestrial network parts of the notification area is presently serving the communications device, and transmitting a paging message to the serving base station or serving non terrestrial network part for subsequent transmission to the communications device. 1. A method for operating an infrastructure equipment forming part of a radio access network part of a wireless communications network , the radio access network part comprising one or more base stations and one or more non-terrestrial network parts , the non-terrestrial network parts each transmitting one or more spot beams to provide a first type of wireless access interface and the base stations each forming a second type of wireless access interface , the first type of wireless access interface and the second type of wireless access interface each being for transmitting signals to and receiving signals representing data from a communications device within a coverage region of a cell of one of the base stations or a coverage region formed by one of the spot beams , wherein the communications device is operating in an RRC inactive state , the method comprisingconfiguring a notification area of the radio access network part by determining one or more of the base stations and/or one or more of the non-terrestrial network parts which form part of the ...

Communication System

A communications system is described that has a base station and a number of user devices, including legacy user devices and non-legacy user devices. The base station generates control data for transmission to the user devices, the control data including common control data for reception and decoding by a plurality of user devices and user specific control data for reception and decoding by a specific user device. The common control data is for reception and decoding by the non-legacy user devices and cannot be decoded by the legacy user devices. The common control data is repeated within multiple subframes for reception and decoding by non-legacy user devices. The non-legacy user devices are typically Machine Type Communications (MTC) user devices.

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

A method of selecting data for transmission in a wireless communications network by a communications device, the method includes receiving by the communications device an allocation message, the allocation message including an indication of first communications resources for transmitting of data from a first group of one or more of a plurality of logical channels and the allocation message is received in response to a second scheduling request message requesting the first communications resources for transmitting the data from the first group of the one or more logical channels which was transmitted after a first scheduling request message requesting second communications resources for transmitting data from a second group of the one or more of the plurality of logical channels, in response to receiving the allocation message.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which communication devices communicate with a base station using radio frames made up of a sequence of subframes and a frequency band made up of frequency subbands. The base station identifies a subframe in which a broadcast message, carrying information for at least one communication device, is to be broadcast; transmits, in a control channel, in a frequency subband in a current subframe that precedes the identified subframe, control information to identify said subframe in which said broadcast message is to be broadcast; and transmits the broadcast message in the identified subframe.

METHOD FOR COORDINATION OF RESOURCES BETWEEN A NEXT GENERATION RADIO ACCESS NETWORK NODE AND AT LEAST ONE FURTHER RAN NODE

A communication system is disclosed in which an NR radio access network (RAN) node identifies resources, that the NR RAN node is to use for transmissions, for protection from interference from another RAN node. The NR RAN node sends, to the other RAN node, information indicating the identified resources for protection from interference. The information indicating the identified resources comprises a list of parameters, typically including resource bitmaps, based on which the other RAN node is able to determine the resources for protection from interference. 1. A method , performed by a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) node , for coordination of resources between the NG-RAN node and at least one further RAN node , the method comprising:sending, to the at least one further RAN node, at least one message comprising an information element for use in resource coordination between said NG-RAN node and said at least one further RAN node,wherein the information element for use in resource coordination between said NG-RAN node and said at least one further RAN node comprises at least one further information element that indicates resources intended to be used for transmission by the sending RAN node.2. A method as claimed in wherein the at least one further information element that indicates resources intended to be used by the sending RAN node comprises at least one bitmap wherein each position in the at least one bitmap indicates whether a respective frequency resource is not intended to be used for transmission by the sending RAN node or is intended to be used for transmission by the sending RAN node.3. A method as claimed in wherein the at least one bitmap represents multiple time resources and is configured to explicitly indicate claim 2 , for each said time resource claim 2 , the respective frequency resources that are intended to be used for transmission by the sending RAN node.4. A method as claimed in wherein each time resources represented by the at ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communications system is described in which user devices are allocated sub-carriers on which to transmit uplink data to a base station. ACK/NACK messages for the data transmitted on the uplink are then transmitted by the base station on sub-carriers that depend on the sub-carriers used to carry the uplink data. A direct mapping function is preferably used to determine the sub-carriers to be used for the ACK/NACK messages from the uplink sub-carriers. In another embodiment, the ACK/NACK messages are transmitted to the user devices on sub-carriers that are previously identified to the user devices, preferably by transmitting one or more index values to the user device in a control channel thereof. 1. A user equipment (UE) which is operable to communicate with a communication node , the user device comprising:a receiver configured:to receive control data defining an allocation of at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data, wherein the at least one resource block comprises at least one of a plurality of resource blocks that are numbered in the frequency domain; andto receive, in a transmission separate from the control data, a parameter representing a configuration of resources to be used for an ACK/NACK channel;a transmitter configured to transmit uplink data using the at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data; anda controller configured to determine a position of at least one ACK/NACK channel resource based on:a value derived from a position, in the frequency domain, of a single resource block allocated for a corresponding uplink data transmission, added to a value derived from a function of the received parameter representing the configuration of resources to be used for an ACK/NACK channel and a total number of resource blocks in a downlink bandwidth,wherein the receiver is configured to receive the at least one ACK/NACK over an ACK/NACK channel using the at least one ACK/NACK channel resource.2. The user equipment ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is presented in which a communication device communicates, in at least one communication cell operated by communication apparatus, using a plurality of subframes, wherein each subframe comprises a plurality of communication resources. A respective measure of communication quality associated with each of the communication resources is obtained and a search space, comprising a set of the communication resources, is defined based on the measures of communication quality. The mobile device searches for control information in the defined search space. 1. A communication device for communicating with a plurality of further communication devices in a cellular communication system , said communication device comprising:means for communicating, in at least one communication cell operated by communication apparatus of said communication system, using a plurality of subframes, wherein each subframe comprises a plurality of communication resources;means for obtaining a respective measure of communication quality associated with each of said communication resources and for providing information identifying said measures of communication quality to said communication apparatus;means for identifying a set comprising a number of said communication resources in which to search for control information transmitted by said communication apparatus wherein the presence of communication resources in said set is based on said measures of communication quality; andmeans for searching for control information in said set of communication resources.2. A device according to wherein said identifying means is operable to identify communication resources for inclusion in said set based on said measures of communication quality obtained by said obtaining means.3. A device according to wherein said wherein said communication device is operable to receive claim 1 , from said communication apparatus claim 1 , information identifying the communication resources of said set after ...

Test, validation, and debug architecture

An apparatus and method is described herein for providing a test, validation, and debug architecture. At a target or base level, hardware (Design for Test or DFx) are designed into and integrated with silicon parts. A controller may provide abstracted access to such hooks, such as through an abstraction layer that abstracts low level details of the hardware DFx. In addition, the abstraction layer through an interface, such as APIs, provides services, routines, and data structures to higher-level software/presentation layers, which are able to collect test data for validation and debug of a unit/platform under test. Moreover, the architecture potentially provides tiered (multiple levels of) secure access to the test architecture. Additionally, physical access to the test architecture for a platform may be simplified through use of a unified, bi-directional test access port, while also potentially allowing remote access to perform remote test and de-bug of a part/platform under test. In essence, a complete test architecture stack is described herein for test, validation, and debug of electronic parts, devices, and platforms.

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

A communications device for communicating with an infrastructure equipment of a wireless communications network, the communications device comprising a transceiver configured to transmit signals and to receive signals on a wireless access interface of the wireless communications network using a plurality of activated bandwidth parts, each being formed from communications resources of a carrier within a carrier bandwidth, and a processor configured to control the transceiver to transmit the signals and to receive the signals, wherein the processor is configured in combination with the transceiver to transmit signals or to receive signals using a first of the plurality of activated bandwidth parts, to receive, via the first activated bandwidth part, an indication of one or more bandwidth parts to be activated, to select one or more bandwidth parts to be de-activated in accordance with a maximum number of activated bandwidth parts permitted for the communications device. 1. A communications device for communicating in a wireless communications network , the communications device comprisinga transceiver configured to transmit signals and to receive signals on a wireless access interface of the wireless communications network using a plurality of activated bandwidth parts, each of the bandwidth parts being formed from communications resources of a carrier within a carrier bandwidth, anda processor configured to control the transceiver to transmit the signals and to receive the signals, wherein the processor is configured in combination with the transceiverto transmit signals or to receive signals using a first of the plurality of activated bandwidth parts,to receive, via the first activated bandwidth part, an indication of one or more bandwidth parts to be activated,to select one or more bandwidth parts to be de-activated in accordance with a maximum number of activated bandwidth parts permitted for the communications device, andin response to the selecting, to de- ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is presented in which a base station is provided for communicating with a plurality of mobile communication devices in a cellular communication system. The base station operates one of more communication cells and communicates subframes, with each of the plurality of communication devices within the cell(s), each comprising the communication resources of a control region for communicating a control channel and the communication resources of a data region for communicating a respective data channel. The base station communicates a control channel having a first DMRS sequence in a control region of some subframes and a control channel having a second DMRS sequence in a control region of other subframes. The second control channel may be transmitted in a radio beam focussed spatially in a direction of a communication device. The first control channel may be transmitted omnidirectionally throughout the cell(s). 1. A mobile communication device which communicates with a communication apparatus , the mobile communication device comprising:a memory storing instructions; and receive at least one control signal of a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH);', 'receive at least one control signal of a second PDCCH based on first mapping for a first antenna port set or second mapping for a second antenna port set, wherein the first antenna port set and the second antenna port set are associated with demodulation reference signal (DMRS); and', 'demodulate the second PDCCH based on the DMRS., 'one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to2. A mobile communication device according to claim 1 , wherein the first antenna port set comprises two antenna ports.3. A mobile communication device according to claim 1 , wherein the second antenna port set comprises two antenna ports.4. A mobile communication device according to claim 1 , wherein the first mapping comprises at least one resource element.5. A mobile communication device ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A user equipment which supports uplink frequency hopping transmission , the user equipment comprising:a transceiver circuit configured to receive, from a communications node, information which is related to resource allocation; anda processor configured to determine a communication resource in a slot calculated based on A mod B;wherein A is determined based on a first value and a second value, wherein B is determined based on the second value, wherein the first value is obtained from the information; and wherein the second value is determined based on an uplink bandwidth.2. A method of a user equipment which supports uplink frequency hopping transmission , the method comprising:receiving, from a communications node, information which is related to resource allocation;determining a communication resource in a slot calculated based on A mod B;transmitting uplink data using the communication resource,wherein A is determined based on a first value and a ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A method for an user device , the method comprising:receiving information from a base station, the information indicating a first contiguous resource blocks allocated to the user device;communicating with the base station using the first consecutive resource blocks starting from a first resource block at a first slot in a first subframe and using a second consecutive resource blocks starting from a second resource block at a second slot in the first subframe; andcommunicating with the base station using a third consecutive resource blocks starting from a third resource block at a first slot in a second subframe and using a fourth consecutive resource blocks starting from a fourth resource block at a second slot in the second subframe;wherein a position of the first resource block is the same as a position of the second resource block in a frequency axis and a position of the third resource block is the same as a position of the fourth resource block in ...

Ac-dc techniques in a portable multi-process welding and cutting machine

A multi-process welding machine provides an intuitive user interface to enable a user to select among different welding processes, and to select parameters for a given selected welding process. The multi-process welding machine also provides an arrangement by which a switching module, or DC to AC converter, of an AC TIG unit can be controlled to alternatively supply AC or DC welding voltages or current. Further, a configuration of switches can be leveraged to automatically (or manually) control the polarity of welding cables for different processes and to engage or disengage a wire feeder when, e.g., a MIG welding process is selected, or not selected, respectively. Finally, in an embodiment, the ferrite or magnetic materials used for a main output inductor and an high frequency starting inductor of the welding machine can be combined.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A gateway is described which facilitates a change of communication cell for a mobile device in a communication system, which includes a core network. The gateway receives messages from a base station operating a cell and forwards the messages received from the base station to the core network. The gateway intercepts a message relating to a change of communication cell, from a source cell in which the mobile communication device is located to a target cell, to determine if the core network needs to be notified of the change of cell. When it is determined that the core network needs to be notified, the gateway generates a message for providing information relating to the change of cell to the core network and transmits the message to the core network. 1. A method in a X2 gateway apparatus in a communication system comprising a plurality of base stations , the method comprising:receiving, from a source base station via X2 interface, message including information relating to the source station and an identifier for a target base station, andtransmitting, to the target base station via X2 interface, information included in the message. This application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/769,884, filed Aug. 24, 2015, which is based on International Application No. PCT/JP2014/059910 filed Mar. 28, 2014, which is based on and claims priority from United Kingdom Patent Application No. 1306216.1 filed Apr. 5, 2013, the contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.The present invention relates to a communication system and to components thereof for providing communication services to mobile or fixed communication devices. The invention has particular but not exclusive relevance to the implementation of so-called ‘small’ cells or Low Power Nodes (LPNs) in Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication systems currently being developed by the 3Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).In 3GPP LTE networks, a base station (i.e. evolved NodeB ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is described in which machine-type communication devices having a reduced bandwidth can be allocated physical uplink control channel resources that fall within that reduced bandwidth whilst other, legacy, devices can continue to use physical uplink control channel resources that do not fall within that reduced bandwidth. 1. A communication apparatus configured to communicate with a bandwidth limited type user equipment (UE) , the communication apparatus comprising:a memory storing instructions; andat least one processor configured to process the instructions to assign a frequency resource for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for the bandwidth limited type UE,wherein in a first one of two consecutive slots, PUCCH transmission is performed over a first narrowband,wherein no transmission is performed during retuning from the first narrowband to a second narrowband which is different from the first narrowband, andwherein in a second one of the two consecutive slots, PUCCH transmission is performed over the second narrowband, andwherein the at least one processor is configured to process the instructions to assign another frequency resource for a PUCCH for a non-bandwidth limited type UE.2. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe at least one processor is further configured to process the instructions to transmit a parameter for frequency hopping by the bandwidth limited type UE, andthe parameter is different from another parameter, pusch-HoppingOffset, for frequency hopping by the non-bandwidth limited type UE.4. The UE according to claim 3 , whereinthe at least one processor is further configured to process the instructions to receive a parameter for frequency hopping by the UE, andthe parameter is different from another parameter, pusch-HoppingOffset, for frequency hopping by a non-bandwidth limited type UE.5. A method performed by a communication apparatus configured to communicate with a bandwidth limited type ...

TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPARATUS AND METHODS

A method of operating a terminal device in a wireless telecommunications system, the method comprising: determining first uplink control information should be transmitted using a first set of radio resources; determining the first uplink control information is associated with a first priority level; determining second uplink control information should be transmitted using a second set of radio resources; determining the second uplink control information is associated with a second priority level; determining if there is an overlap between the first and second sets of radio resources, and, in response to determining there is an overlap between the first and second sets of radio resources, selectively multiplexing the first uplink control information and the second uplink control information by taking account of their respective priority levels. 1. A method of operating a terminal device in a wireless telecommunications system , the method comprising:determining first uplink control information should be transmitted using a first set of radio resources;determining the first uplink control information is associated with a first priority level;determining second uplink control information should be transmitted using a second set of radio resources;determining the second uplink control information is associated with a second priority level;determining if there is an overlap between the first and second sets of radio resources, and, in response to determining there is an overlap between the first and second sets of radio resources, selectively multiplexing the first uplink control information and the second uplink control information by taking account of their respective priority levels;selecting a set of radio resources to use for transmitting the selectively multiplexed first uplink control information and the second uplink control information; andtransmitting the selectively multiplexed first uplink control information and the second uplink control information using ...

DOWNLINK MULTIPLEXING

A mobile station which communicates with a base station includes a transceiver configured to receive a downlink control channel, and a controller configured to determine whether C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel. The controller is further configured to determine that resource allocation in the downlink control channel overrides persistent downlink resource allocation for a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) if the C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel. The transceiver is further configured to receive a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmission by using persistent downlink resources. 18-. (canceled)9. A user equipment (UE) comprising:a receiver configured to receive control information, wherein the control information includes first information, wherein the first information is configured to indicate a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process number; anda processor configured to activate a semi persistent scheduling in a case where the first information includes a first bit pattern.10. The UE according to claim 9 ,wherein the control information includes second information, andwherein the processor is configured to activate the semi persistent scheduling in a case where the first information includes the first bit pattern and the second information includes a second bit pattern.11. The UE according to claim 10 ,wherein the second information is configured to indicate either modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or multi-antenna information.12. A base station comprising:a transmitter configured to transmit control information to activate a semi persistent scheduling, wherein the control information includes first information, wherein the first information is configured to indicate a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process number; anda processor configured to communicate with a user equipment (UE) based on the semi persistent scheduling in a case where the first information includes a first bit pattern.13. The base ...

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT, CORE NETWORK ELEMENT AND METHODS

A method of selecting a cell in a wireless communications network by a communications device, the method comprising receiving system information associated with a candidate cell, the system information comprising a logical portion indication indicating one or more logical portion identities corresponding to respective logical portions of the wireless communications network which can be accessed in the candidate cell, determining that the candidate cell is a non-public cell to which access is restricted, determining that the communications device is not permitted to access any of the logical portions identified in the logical portion indication, and in response to determining that the communications device is not permitted to access any of the logical portions identified in the logical portion indication, selecting as a new serving cell a cell different from the candidate cell. 1. A method of selecting a cell in a wireless communications network by a communications device , the method comprisingreceiving system information associated with a candidate cell, the system information comprising a logical portion indication indicating one or more logical portion identities corresponding to respective logical portions of the wireless communications network which can be accessed in the candidate cell,determining that the candidate cell is a non-public cell to which access is restricted,determining that the communications device is not permitted to access any of the logical portions identified in the logical portion indication, andin response to determining that the communications device is not permitted to access any of the logical portions identified in the logical portion indication, selecting as a new serving cell a cell different from the candidate cell.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein one or more of the logical portion identities is an access point name.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein one or more of the logical portion identities is a slice ...

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE AND METHOD

A method of operating a communications device comprises detecting a plurality of beams of radio signals each being transmitted periodically according to a time divided structure of a wireless access interface provided by a wireless communications network, selecting a first of the plurality of beams of radio signals for detecting a first version of a synchronisation signal transmitted with the first beam of radio signals, selecting a second of the plurality of beams of radio signals for detecting a second version of the synchronisation signal transmitted with the second beam of radio signals, and synchronising with the time divided structure of the wireless access interface from at least one of the first version of the synchronisation signal and the second version of the synchronisation signal. 1. A method of operating a communications device to transmit data to or to receive data from a wireless communications network , the method comprisingdetecting a plurality of beams of radio signals each being transmitted periodically according to a time divided structure of a wireless access interface provided by the wireless communications network in at least one of different spatial directions and at different times,selecting a first of the plurality of beams of radio signals for detecting a first version of a synchronisation signal transmitted with the first beam of radio signals,selecting a second of the plurality of beams of radio signals for detecting a second version of the synchronisation signal transmitted with the second beam of radio signals, andsynchronising with the time divided structure of the wireless access interface from at least one of the first version of the synchronisation signal and the second version of the synchronisation signal.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting the first version of the synchronisation signal transmitted with the first beam of radio signals claim 1 , includesdetecting one or more of a plurality of occasion when ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a base station communicates with machine-type-communication (MTC) devices by dividing the base station's cell bandwidth into (non-overlapping) narrowbands and subframes in each narrowband. The base station generates and transmits control information (DCI) for allocating a set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) in a plurality of subframes for an MTC device. After the base station transmits the data, the MTC device generates and transmits an HARQ feedback indicating that i) the data has been successfully received in each one of the plurality of subframes (e.g. a single ‘ACK’) or ii) the data has not been received in at least one of the plurality of subframes (e.g. a single ‘NACK’). 1. A method performed by a base station , the method comprising:generating control information for assigning communication resources for transmitting data to a machine type communication device;transmitting the generated control information to the machine type communication device;transmitting the data to the machine type communication device using the assigned communication resources; andreceiving, from the machine type communication device, ACK/NACK feedback corresponding to the data transmitted to the machine type communication device,wherein the ACK/NACK feedback comprises one ACK/NACK indication based on the data being transmitted in a plurality of subframes.2. The method according to claim 1 ,wherein when the data transmitted to the machine type communication device in each subframe of the plurality of subframes has been received successfully, the ACK/NACK indication comprises an acknowledgement (ACK), andwherein when the data transmitted to the machine type communication device in at least one subframe of the plurality of subframes has not been received successfully, the ACK/NACK indication comprises an non-acknowledgement (NACK).3. The method according to claim 1 ,wherein the control information comprises one downlink control indication ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a transmission frequency band , the communications node comprising:a receiving circuit configured to receive a parameter which defines the number of sub-bands in the transmission frequency band;a memory configured to store information defining a size of a sub-band; anda resource determination module configured to determine a communication resource based on the size of the sub-band and a frequency hopping sequence; anda transmitter configured to communicate with the another communications node using the determined communication resource,wherein the frequency hopping sequence is a pseudo-random hopping sequence.2. The communications node according to claim 1 , wherein the communications node is a user device (UE) and the another communications node is an eNodeB.3. The communications node according to claim 1 , wherein the communications node is an eNodeB and the another ...

DOWNLINK MULTIPLEXING

A communications node includes a memory configured to store allocation data defining an allocation of persistent downlink resources for use in communicating data between the communications node and another node of a communications system within predetermined transmission time intervals (TTIs), a receiver configured to receive control data relating to a dynamic allocation of resources to be used in a current TTI, and a controller configured to determine if a C-RNTI is present in the control data for a TTI for which a User Equipment (UE) includes persistent downlink resources, determine that the resource allocation indicated on a control channel for the TTI overrides the persistent downlink resources for the TTI, when a C-RNTI is present in the control channel for a TTI for which the UE has persistent downlink resources, and allocate persistent downlink resources for a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmission. 1. A communications node , comprising:a memory configured to store allocation data defining an allocation of persistent downlink resources for use in communicating data between the communications node and another node of a communications system within predetermined transmission time intervals (TTIs);a receiver configured to receive control data relating to a dynamic allocation of resources to be used in a current TTI; and determine if a C-RNTI is present in the control data for a TTI for which a User Equipment (UE) includes persistent downlink resources;', 'determine that the resource allocation indicated on a control channel for the TTI overrides the persistent downlink resources for the TTI, when a C-RNTI is present in the control channel for a TTI for which said UE has persistent downlink resources; and', 'allocate persistent downlink resources for a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmission., 'a controller configured to2. A communications node , comprising:storing allocation data defining an allocation of persistent downlink resources ...

Dynamic Duty Cycle for a Welding and Cutting Apparatus

A welding apparatus is configured to obtain values of one or more real-time operating parameters associated with the welding apparatus. Using the values of the one or more operating conditions, the welding apparatus is configured to determine a dynamic duty cycle of the welding apparatus, given the present/current operating conditions of the welding apparatus. 1. A method , comprising:at a welding apparatus:monitoring, via one or more transducers, one or more operating parameters associated with the welding apparatus;determining, based on the one or more operating parameters, a dynamic duty cycle of the welding apparatus; andproviding, via a user interface of the welding apparatus, one or more indications of a real-time value of the dynamic duty cycle.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring one or more operating parameters associated with the welding apparatus comprises:monitoring an ambient temperature of the welding apparatus.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring one or more operating parameters associated with the welding apparatus comprises:monitoring an output current generated by the welding apparatus.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing one or more indications of a real-time value of the dynamic duty cycle comprises:generating, at a display device of the user interface, a thermal gauge display, wherein the thermal gauge display dynamically changes in dependence upon the real-time value of the dynamic duty cycle.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing one or more indications of a real-time value of the dynamic duty cycle comprises:generating, at a display device of the user interface, a thermographic display, wherein the thermographic display dynamically changes in dependence upon the real-time value of the dynamic duty cycle.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing one or more indications of a real-time value of the dynamic duty cycle comprises:generating, at a display device of the user interface, a dynamic pie chart that ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a base station communicates with machine-type-communication (MTC) devices by dividing the base station's cell bandwidth into (non-overlapping) narrowbands. The base station identifies, based on a communication received from a communication device, a capability of that communication device to retune between narrowbands, and provides, to that communication device, control information for controlling how that communication device retunes between different narrowbands, wherein the control information is based on the identified capability of that communication device to retune between narrowbands. 1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) that can communicate using any of a plurality of narrowbands , the method comprising:sending, to a base station, information indicating a number of symbols between two consecutive sub-frames for UE retuning from a first narrowband to a second narrowband; and when one symbol is used for UE retuning, in accordance with a shortened PUCCH format, the UE does not transmit using a last symbol in a first subframe; and', 'when two symbols are used for UE retuning, in accordance with the shortened PUCCH format, the UE does not transmit using the last symbol in the first subframe and does not transmit using a first symbol of a second subframe., 'controlling transmissions to the base station, in accordance with a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) format and the number of symbols for UE retuning, wherein2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the information indicating a number of symbols between two consecutive sub-frames is sent using radio resource control (RRC) signalling.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the information indicating a number of symbols between two consecutive sub-frames is provided by a UE capability information element.4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising receiving claim 1 , based on the number of symbols between two consecutive sub- ...

Smart Power Monitoring for Welding and Cutting Apparatus

An indication of a type of circuit breaker through which a powered device is connected to a power source is received at a processor. A signal from a sensor indicating a level of power flow from the power source to the powered device is received at the processor. The power flow to the powered device is altered by the processor based upon the received signal and the type of circuit breaker such that the power flow does not cause the circuit breaker to interrupt the power flow to the powered device. 1. A method comprising:receiving, at a processor, an indication of a type of circuit breaker through which a powered device is connected to a power source;receiving, at the processor, a signal from a sensor indicating a level of power flow from the power source to the powered device;altering, via the processor, the power flow to the powered device based upon the received signal and the type of circuit breaker such that the power flow does not cause the circuit breaker to interrupt the power flow to the powered device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the powered device comprises a welding device.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving the indication of the type of circuit breaker comprises receiving the indication via a user interface.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein altering the power flow to the powered device comprises:determining, via the processor, an average of the power flow from the signal; andcomparing the average of the power flow to a predetermined value associated with the circuit breaker.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein altering the power flow to the power device comprises drawing current through the circuit breaker that exceeds a current rating of the circuit breaker for a period of time insufficient to trip the circuit breaker.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining claim 1 , via the processor claim 1 , threshold power flow through the circuit breaker over a period of time that will cause the circuit breaker to interrupt the power ...

DOWNLINK MULTIPLEXING

A mobile station which communicates with a base station includes a transceiver configured to receive a downlink control channel, and a controller configured to determine whether C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel. The controller is further configured to determine that resource allocation in the downlink control channel overrides persistent downlink resource allocation for a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) if the C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel. The transceiver is further configured to receive a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmission by using persistent downlink resources. 1. A mobile station which communicates with a base station , the mobile station comprising:a transceiver configured to receive a downlink control channel; anda controller configured to determine whether C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel,wherein the controller is further configured to determine that resource allocation in the downlink control channel overrides persistent downlink resource allocation for a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) if the C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel, andwherein the transceiver is further configured to receive a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmission by using persistent downlink resources.2. The mobile station of claim 1 , wherein the resource allocation in the downlink control channel indicates dynamic downlink resource allocation.3. A base station which communicates with a mobile station claim 1 , the base station comprising:a controller configured to determine whether C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel; anda transceiver configured to transmit a downlink control channel,wherein the controller is further configured to determine that resource allocation in the downlink control channel overrides persistent downlink resource allocation for a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) if the C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel, andwherein the controller is ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A method for a user device comprising:synchronizing the user device with a base station based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the base station;receiving information from the base station, the information corresponding to first continuous resource blocks allocated to the user device;communicating with the base station using the first continuous resource blocks starting from a first resource block at a first slot in a first subframe and using second continuous resource blocks starting from a second resource block at a second slot in the first subframe; andcommunicating with the base station using third continuous resource blocks starting from a third resource block at a first slot in a second subframe and using fourth continuous resource blocks starting from a fourth resource block at a second slot in the second subframe,wherein a position of the first resource block is the same as a position of the second resource block in a frequency axis ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which minimum system information associated with a cell of a radio access network (RAN) is transmitted by a base station. The minimum system information comprises parameters for accessing a cell of the base station, divided into an initial part and a remaining part of the minimum system information. The base station transmits the initial part of the system information via a broadcast channel using a first set of communication resources; transmits information identifying an allocation of at least one further communication resource in a shared channel; and transmits the remaining part of the minimum system information using the at least one further communication resource identified by the allocation. 1. A method performed by communication apparatus of a radio access network (RAN) of a telecommunication system , the method comprising:controlling transmission of minimum system information comprising minimum parameters required by a user equipment (UE) for initial access, wherein the minimum system information comprises at least an initial part comprising part of said minimum system information and a remaining part comprising remaining minimum system information (RMSI);transmitting at least the initial part of the minimum system information via a physical broadcast channel (PBCH);transmitting, in the initial part of the minimum system information, information identifying at least one communication resource; andtransmitting at least the RMSI using the at least one communication resource identified by the information.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one communication resource is dependent on the PBCH.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the initial part of the minimum system information and the RMSI are transmitted using separate downlink channels.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the RMSI is transmitted via a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).51. The method according to claim 1 , ...

RESOURCE ALLOCATION SIGNALLING

A mobile telecommunications system is described in which a base station uses enhanced allocation techniques to reduce fragmentation of resource allocations within a sub-frame due to the presence of control data within resources used for carrying user data. Different solutions are described including provision of supplemental information to supplement existing resource allocation data, use of overloading such that DCI formats may have different interpretations and the provision of new DCI formats. 156-. (canceled)57. Communication apparatus in the form of a communication node for communicating with a user device over a wireless interface , the communication node comprising:transceiver circuitry that transmits signals to and receives signals from the user device using a sequence of sub-frames, each sub-frame comprising a plurality of communication resource blocks, each resource block corresponding to a sub-band of a system bandwidth used by the communication node to communicate with the user device and each resource block having a control portion for carrying first control data and a data portion for carrying user data; anda resource allocation module arranged to allocate, within a sub-frame, resource blocks for communicating with the user device;wherein the resource allocation module is arranged: i) to generate first resource allocation data for transmission to the user device, which first resource allocation data allocates a first plurality of the resource blocks for use in communicating user data with the user device; ii) to allocate at least one resource block for carrying second control data for the user device within the data portion of the at least one resource block, which at least one resource block is included within said first plurality of resource blocks allocated by said first resource allocation data; and iii) to generate second resource allocation data for transmission to the user device that the user device can use to exclude the at least one resource ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A method for an user device comprising:receiving information from a base station, the information indicating a first contiguous resource blocks allocated to the user device;communicating with the base station using the first consecutive resource blocks starting from a first resource block at a first slot in a first subframe and using a second consecutive resource blocks starting from a second resource block at a second slot in the first subframe; andcommunicating with the base station using a third consecutive resource blocks starting from a third resource block at a first slot in a second subframe and using a fourth consecutive resource blocks starting from a fourth resource block at a second slot in the second subframe;wherein a position of the first resource block is the same as a position of the second resource block in a frequency axis and a position of the third resource block is the same as a position of the fourth resource block in the frequency ...

POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY WITH FAN ASSEMBLY FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICE

A fan assembly is disclosed. The fan assembly can include a first support frame. The fan assembly can comprise a shaft assembly having a first end coupled with the first support frame and a second end disposed away from the first end. A second support frame can be coupled with the first support frame and disposed at or over the second end of the shaft assembly. An impeller can have fan blades coupled with a hub, the hub being disposed over the shaft assembly for rotation between the first and second support frames about a longitudinal axis. Transverse loading on the shaft assembly can be controlled by the first and second support frames. 1. An electronic device comprising: a first compartment in which a first electronic component is disposed;', 'a second compartment in which a second electronic component is disposed, one or both of the first and second electrical components electrically communicating with another component of the electronic device; and', 'a connection portion extending between the first and second compartments,', 'wherein the first compartment is separated from the second compartment at a location spaced away from the connection portion by a gap to provide thermal separation between the first and second electronic components., 'a housing comprising2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first electronic component comprises a processor.3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the second electronic component comprises a power supply.4. The electronic device of claim 3 , wherein the power supply comprises a battery.5. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first compartment claim 1 , the second compartment claim 1 , and the connection portion are filled with a gas.6. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the connection portion comprises a channel between the first and second compartments.7. The electronic device of claim 6 , wherein the channel has a side cross-sectional area that is smaller than a cross-sectional area of ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communications system is described in which user devices are allocated sub-carriers on which to transmit uplink data to a base station. ACK/NACK messages for the data transmitted on the uplink are then transmitted by the base station on sub-carriers that depend on the sub-carriers used to carry the uplink data. A direct mapping function is preferably used to determine the sub-carriers to be used for the ACK/NACK messages from the uplink sub-carriers. In another embodiment, the ACK/NACK messages are transmitted to the user devices on sub-carriers that are previously identified to the user devices, preferably by transmitting one or more index values to the user device in a control channel thereof. 18-. (canceled)9. A user equipment (UE) configured to communicate with a communication node , the user equipment comprising: receive control data comprising an allocation of at least one chunk;', 'receive a configuration of at least one resource to be used for an ACK/NACK channel;, 'a receiver configured toa transmitter configured to transmit uplink data based on the at least one chunk; and '1) a value based on an index of a chunk allocated for a corresponding uplink data transmission, 2) the configuration, and 3) a total number of chunks in a downlink bandwidth;', 'a controller configured to determine at least one ACK/NACK channel resource based onwherein the receiver is configured to receive at least one ACK/NACK, over an ACK/NACK channel based on the at least one ACK/NACK channel resource.10. The user equipment according to claim 9 , wherein the at least one chunk comprises at least one of a plurality of chunks that are numbered in a frequency domain.11. The user equipment according to claim 9 , wherein each of the at least one chunk corresponds to each of at least one resource block.12. The user equipment according to claim 9 , wherein the at least one ACK/NACK channel resource is determined based on modulo arithmetic.13. A communication method of a user equipment (UE) ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a base station communicates with a reduced bandwidth machine-type-communication (MTC) device by dividing the base station's cell bandwidth into non-overlapping band portions, each band portion comprising a respective set of contiguous resource blocks that occupy a frequency bandwidth not exceeding the bandwidth of the MTC device, and each band portion having a respective index for identifying that band portion. The base station obtains: i) an index of a band portion for use by the MTC device; and ii) information for identifying an allocation of at least one resource block within that band portion. The base station generates and signals, to the MTC device, control data for uniquely identifying a position of the allocation of at least one resource block, within said cell bandwidth. 1. Communication apparatus for a communication system , wherein the communication apparatus comprises:a transceiver configured to communicate with a plurality of communication devices; determine: i) an index of a band portion for use by at least one communication device of the plurality of communication devices; and ii) information for identifying an allocation of at least one resource block within the band portion for use by the at least one communication device; and', 'generate control data for uniquely identifying a position of the allocation of at least one resource block; and, 'a controller configured towherein the transceiver is configured to signal the control data to the at least one communication device,wherein the band portion comprises a set of resource blocks within a bandwidth,wherein the control data is generated based on the index and the information.2. The communication apparatus according to wherein the bandwidth comprises a plurality of equally sized band portions.3. The communication apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the bandwidth a plurality of equally sized band portions the indexes of which are numeric and are ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which each base station is configured to provide synchronisations signals in each radio frame of both a primary (backwards compatible) component carrier and a secondary (extension) component carrier. The location of the synchronisation signals in the radio frame of the primary (backwards compatible) component carrier are fixed whilst the location of the synchronisation signals in the radio frame of the secondary (extension) component carrier are configurable. 1. Communication apparatus for communicating with a plurality of mobile communication devices in a cellular communication system using a plurality of radio frames , said communication apparatus comprising:an operation unit that operates a communication cell on an associated component carrier;a configuration unit that configures said apparatus to communicate a signal comprising at least one of a synchronisation signal and a reference signal at a configured relative location within a radio frame to be transmitted in said communication cell using said component carrier, said configured relative location being a location within said radio frame relative both to a time range spanned by said radio frame and to a frequency range spanned by said radio frame; anda communication unit that communicates a signal at said configured relative location within said radio frame;wherein said configuration unit is operable to configure said apparatus to communicate said signal at any of a plurality of relative locations within said radio frame.2. Communication apparatus as claimed in wherein:said operation unit is adapted to operate a plurality of communication cells on respective component carriers;said communication unit is operable to communicate a first signal within a first radio frame transmitted in a first of said plurality of cells using a first component carrier, said first signal being transmitted at a predetermined relative location within said radio frame relative both to a time ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communications system is described in which user devices are allocated sub-carriers on which to transmit uplink data to a base station. ACK/NACK messages for the data transmitted on the uplink are then transmitted by the base station on sub-carriers that depend on the sub-carriers used to carry the uplink data. A direct mapping function is preferably used to determine the sub-carriers to be used for the ACK/NACK messages from the uplink sub-carriers. In another embodiment, the ACK/NACK messages are transmitted to the user devices on sub-carriers that are previously identified to the user devices, preferably by transmitting one or more index values to the user device in a control channel thereof. 1. A user device which is operable to communicate with a communication node , the user device comprising:a receiving circuit configured to receive control data defining an allocation of at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data;a transmitting circuit configured to transmit the uplink data using the at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data; anda processor configured to determine at least one sub-carrier on which at least one ACK/NACK message is to be received based on the at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data;wherein the receiving circuit is configured to receive the at least one ACK/NACK message over an ACK/NACK channel using the at least one sub-carrier.2. A method performed by a user device which is operable to communicate with a communication node , the method comprising:receiving control data defining an allocation of at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data;transmitting the uplink data using the at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data;determining at least one sub-carrier on which at least one ACK/NACK message is to be received based on the at least one resource block for use in transmitting uplink data; andreceiving the at least one ACK/NACK message ...

METHODS, COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE AND INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT

A method of operating a communications device for receiving user plane data from a wireless communications network when the communications device is not in an active radio resource connected mode is provided. The method comprises receiving a message from the wireless communications network, the message including an indication that the wireless communications network has user plane data for transmission to the communications device while the communications device is not in an active mode, determining from the message a set of radio resources on which the user plane data is to be transmitted, wherein the user plane data is to be received by the communications device from the wireless communications network as part of a random access procedure, and transmitting to the wireless communications network an indication of whether or not the communications device successfully received the user plane data using the determined set of radio resources. 1. A method of operating a communications device for receiving user plane data from a wireless communications network when the communications device is not in an active radio resource connected mode , the method comprisingreceiving one of paging signalling and a random access procedure message from the wireless communications network, wherein the one of the paging signalling and the random access procedure message comprises an indication that the wireless communications network has user plane data for transmission to the communications device while the communications device is not in an active radio resource connected mode,determining from the one of the paging signalling and the random access procedure message a set of radio resources on which the user plane data is to be transmitted by the wireless communications network to the communications device, wherein the user plane data is to be received by the communications device from the wireless communications network as part of a random access procedure, andtransmitting to the ...

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

A method for transmitting data by an infrastructure equipment in a wireless communications network to a communications device, the method comprising transmitting by the infrastructure equipment a paging message; receiving by the infrastructure equipment a random access request, the random access request transmitted by the communications device in response to the paging message; in response to receiving the random access request, transmitting by the infrastructure equipment an indication of communications resources allocated for a transmission by the infrastructure equipment and transmitting by the infrastructure equipment an indication that the transmission by the infrastructure equipment comprises data to be transmitted while no radio connection is established between the communications device and the infrastructure equipment; and transmitting by the infrastructure equipment the data using the allocated communications resources. 1. A method for transmitting data by an infrastructure equipment in a wireless communications network to a communications device , the method comprising:transmitting by the infrastructure equipment a paging message;receiving by the infrastructure equipment a random access request, the random access request transmitted by the communications device in response to the paging message; transmitting by the infrastructure equipment an indication of communications resources allocated for a transmission by the infrastructure equipment and', 'transmitting by the infrastructure equipment an indication that the transmission by the infrastructure equipment comprises data to be transmitted while no radio connection is established between the communications device and the infrastructure equipment; and, 'in response to receiving the random access request,'}transmitting by the infrastructure equipment the data using the allocated communications resources.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the indication that the transmission by the infrastructure ...

Hybrid power network for a vehicle

A vehicle power network includes a bus providing power to an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL)-rated load and an auxiliary-rated load. The ASIL-rated load includes a processor and memory storing instructions executable by the processor. The instructions include, to, in response to determining a minimal risk condition (MRC), selectively terminate power to the auxiliary-rated load.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a communication device communicates with communication apparatus that operates a cell within which the communication device is located. The cell is operated as a licensed assisted access (LAA) cell and has an associated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The communication device has a controller that is adapted to: generate a control signal for transmitting to said communication apparatus; perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) on said PUCCH before the control signal is transmitted; and block transmission of the control signal on said PUCCH when said CCA indicates that said channel is not clear. The communication device is further adapted, when said controller has not blocked said transmission of the control signal, to transmit the control signal to said communication apparatus in said PUCCH. 1. A communication device for a communication system , the communication device comprising:a transceiver adapted to communicate with communication apparatus that operates a cell within which the communication device is located, wherein the cell is operated as a licensed assisted access, LAA, cell and has an associated physical uplink control channel, PUCCH; anda controller adapted: to generate at least one control signal for transmitting to said communication apparatus; to perform a clear channel assessment, CCA, on said PUCCH before said at least one control signal is transmitted; to block transmission of said at least one control signal on said PUCCH when said CCA indicates that a channel is not clear;wherein the transceiver is further adapted, when said controller has not blocked said transmission of said at least one control signal, to transmit said at least one control signal to said communication apparatus in said PUCCH.2. A communication device as claimed in wherein said at least one control signal that said controller is adapted to generate comprises at least one scheduling request claim 1 , SR.3. A communication ...

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES, INFRASTRUCTURE EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

Communications devices for communicating via a wireless access interface are provided. In one embodiment, a communications device comprises transceiver circuitry and controller circuitry configured in combination to receive signals using at least two of a plurality of bandwidth parts of the wireless access interface, each of the bandwidth parts being smaller than and within a carrier bandwidth of the wireless access interface, wherein the at least two of the bandwidth parts at least partially overlap in frequency resources of the carrier bandwidth and time resources of the wireless access interface, to receive the signals via both of the at least two bandwidth parts, and to decode the signals received via each of the at least two bandwidth parts separately. 1. A communications device for communicating via a wireless access interface , the communications device comprising transceiver circuitry and controller circuitry configured in combinationto receive signals using at least two of a plurality of bandwidth parts of the wireless access interface, each of the bandwidth parts being smaller than and within a carrier bandwidth of the wireless access interface, wherein the at least two of the bandwidth parts at least partially overlap in frequency resources of the carrier bandwidth and time resources of the wireless access interface,to receive the signals via both of the at least two bandwidth parts, andto decode the signals received via each of the at least two bandwidth parts separately.2. A communications device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two bandwidth parts comprise a primary bandwidth part and at least one secondary bandwidth part claim 1 , and the controller circuitry is configured to select one of the primary and secondary bandwidth parts for receiving or transmitting signals.3. A communications device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two bandwidth parts comprise a primary bandwidth part and at least one secondary bandwidth part claim 1 ...

Power Supply for Welding and Cutting Apparatus

A power supply to provide welding or cutting power. The power supply may include an input rectifier to receive an AC input voltage from an input mains and output a rectified DC signal; a PFC/boost block to receive the rectified DC signal and output a boost DC signal having a predetermined voltage independent of the AC input voltage; an inverter to receive the boost DC signal, and output AC power to an output transformer; a PFC controller to control operation of the PFC/boost block; a control block to control operation of the inverter; an internal power supply to receive the rectified DC signal and output a first DC power signal to power the PFC controller, and output a second DC power signal to power the control block. 1. A power supply to provide welding or cutting power , comprising:an input rectifier to receive an AC input voltage from an input mains and output a rectified DC signal;a PFC/boost block to receive the rectified DC signal and output a boost DC signal having a predetermined voltage independent of the AC input voltage;an inverter to receive the boost DC signal, and output AC power to an output transformer;a PFC controller to control operation of the PFC/boost block;a control block to control operation of the inverter; andan internal power supply to receive the rectified DC signal and output a first DC power signal to power the PFC controller, and output a second DC power signal to power the control block.2. The power supply of claim 1 , wherein the input rectifier is coupled to receive the AC input voltage over a range of voltages.3. The power supply of claim 2 , wherein the range of voltages is between 90 V and 270 V.4. The power supply of claim 1 , wherein the first DC power signal and second DC power signal comprise a voltage of less than 40 V.5. The power supply of claim 1 , wherein the inverter comprises a full bridge claim 1 , the full bridge comprising a plurality of solid state switches claim 1 , and wherein the control block generates a ...

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD ARRANGEMENT FOR WELDING AND CUTTING APPARATUS

A power supply to provide welding power. The power supply may include a first printed circuit board (PCB) disposed on a primary side of the power supply; a first set of components mounted on the first PCB; a second PCB disposed on a secondary side of the power supply; a second set of components mounted on the second PCB; a transformer stage coupled to the first PCB and to the second PCB, wherein the first PCB and the second PCB are independently detachable from the power supply. 1. A power supply to provide welding power , comprising:a first printed circuit board (PCB) disposed on a primary side of the power supply;a first set of components mounted on the first PCB;a second PCB disposed on a secondary side of the power supply;a second set of components mounted on the second PCB; anda transformer stage coupled to the first PCB and to the second PCB,wherein the first PCB and the second PCB are independently detachable from the power supply.2. The power supply of claim 1 , wherein the transformer stage is mounted on a third PCB independently detachable from the power supply.3. The power supply of claim 1 , further comprising a fourth PCB disposed on the primary side of the power supply and coupled to the first PCB.4. The power supply of claim 1 , wherein the first set of components includes a main inverter and power factor correction (PFC) circuit.5. The power supply of claim 3 , wherein an auxiliary power supply is disposed on the fourth PCB.6. The power supply of claim 1 , further comprising a housing claim 1 , wherein the first PCB is mounted at a first level within the housing with respect to a perpendicular to a plane of the PCB claim 1 , and wherein the transformer stage is mounted at a second level within the housing with respect to the perpendicular.7. The power supply of claim 1 , wherein the second PCB includes a set of output diodes.8. The power supply of claim 1 , wherein the first PCB comprises a first copper layer having a first thickness claim 1 , and ...

Vehicle service controller

A system, comprising a computer that includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing instructions executable by the processor to receive authentication an operator of a service controller from a server computer, identify a vehicle by scanning a physical code with the service controller and pair the service controller with the vehicle. The vehicle can be operated with the service controller.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a base station serves a communication area, wherein the communication area is formed by a plurality of directional beams each covering a respective portion of the communication area and each having a different respective beam identifier. The base station communicates control information, for a communication device (UE), using at least one directional beam associated with that communication device (e.g. a UE-specific operational beam set). 1. A base station for a communication system , wherein the base station comprises a controller and a transceiver , wherein the controller is configured to:control the transceiver to transmit synchronization signals using a plurality of beams, wherein each beam used for transmission of the a synchronization signal is associated with a different respective identifier, and wherein different synchronization signals are transmittable in different spatial directions using different beams spanning a coverage area of a cell;control the transceiver to transmit at least one reference signal associated with at least one beam used for transmission of a synchronization signal, wherein the at least one reference signal is constructed based on both a cell identifier and on the identifier associated with the at least one beam;configure at least one user equipment (UE) to report beam related measurement information;control the transceiver to receive a measurement report from the at least one UE;determine that handover to a target base station is required based on the measurement report;control the transceiver to provide to the target base station, as part of a handover procedure, the at least one UE reported beam related measurement information.2. The base station according to wherein the controller is configured to control the transceiver to transmit the respective reference signals in each beam periodically using predefined resources.3. The base station according to wherein the predefined resources are ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a communications node allocates resources for potential use by any of a plurality of user communication devices, including first type (e.g. legacy) user communication devices and second type (e.g. machine-type) communication devices. Control data is sent, to the user communication devices, defining communication resources for potential use by any of the user communication devices. The control data includes information identifying a first PRACH resource configuration for a first type user communication device and a second PRACH resource configuration for a second type of device such that the user devices can be distinguished by the PRACH configuration used. 1. A method performed by a communication apparatus which is operable to communicate with a coverage enhanced user equipment (UE) , the method comprising:transmitting, to the coverage enhanced UE, via higher layers, a resource configuration for a physical random access channel (PRACH), wherein the coverage enhanced UE supports at least one of a plurality of levels of coverage enhancement, and the resource configuration comprises a respective PRACH configuration for each of the plurality of levels of coverage enhancement; andwherein the coverage enhanced UE is configured in a coverage enhancement mode.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising receiving a random access preamble based on the transmitted resource configuration.3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising determining a level of coverage enhancement of the coverage enhanced UE based on a resource that receives the random access preamble.4. A method performed by a coverage enhanced user equipment (UE) that supports at least one of a plurality of levels of coverage enhancement claim 2 , which is operable to communicate with a communication apparatus claim 2 , the method comprising:receiving, via higher layers, a resource configuration for a physical random access channel (PRACH), wherein ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a communication device transmits, to a base station and using communication resources that may be used for grant-free uplink communications, uplink data and information from which the communication device can be identified, wherein the information from which the communication device can be identified comprises a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) value that is encoded with identity information identifying the communication device (for example, a C-RNTI of the communication device). 110.-. (canceled)11. A method performed by a communication device of a communication system , the method comprising:receiving, from a base station, at least one parameter for transmission of uplink data without an associated grant;configuring, using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signalling, i) a first radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) for the communication device for transmitting uplink data in accordance with the at least one parameter; and ii) a second RNTI for the communication device for retransmitting uplink data;transmitting, to the base station and using configured communication resource for an initial HARQ transmission, uplink data using the first RNTI; andretransmitting, to the base station, said uplink data using the second RNTI.12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the at least one parameter comprises at least one of: a parameter identifying a periodicity for transmission of uplink data without an associated grant; a parameter identifying at least one HARQ process for transmission of uplink data without an associated grant; and a parameter identifying a identifying resources for transmission of uplink data without an associated grant.13. The method according to claim 11 , further comprising receiving control data for allocating dedicated communication resources for the communication device; and wherein the retransmission of uplink data encoded using the second RNTI comprises retransmitting claim 11 , to the base station ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a communications node allocates resources for potential use by any of a plurality of user communication devices, including first type (e.g. legacy) user communication devices and second type (e.g. machine-type) communication devices. Control data is sent, to the user communication devices, defining communication resources for potential use by any of the user communication devices. The control data includes information identifying a first PRACH resource configuration for a first type user communication device and a second PRACH resource configuration for a second type of device such that the user devices can be distinguished by the PRACH configuration used. 1. A communication apparatus which is operable to communicate with at least one of a first type user equipment (UE) and a second , coverage enhanced , type UE , the communication apparatus comprising:a transceiver circuit configured to transmit a control signal, wherein the control signal comprises a first resource configuration for a first physical random access channel (PRACH) for the first type UE and a second resource configuration for a second PRACH for the second type UE, wherein said second resource configuration comprises a respective PRACH configuration for each level of coverage enhancement,wherein the transceiver circuit is further configured to receive a random access message based on either one of the first resource configuration and the second resource configuration.2. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the transceiver circuit is further configured to transmit a random access response (RAR) claim 1 ,wherein the RAR is mapped to a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in case the RAR is transmitted to the first type UE,wherein the RAR is mapped to a machine-type communications (MTC) specific physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in case the RAR is transmitted to the second type UE; andwherein when the transceiver receives a ...

DOWNLINK MULTIPLEXING

A mobile station which communicates with a base station includes a transceiver configured to receive a downlink control channel, and a controller configured to determine whether C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel. The controller is further configured to determine that resource allocation in the downlink control channel overrides persistent downlink resource allocation for a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) if the C-RNTI is included in the downlink control channel. The transceiver is further configured to receive a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmission by using persistent downlink resources. 18-. (canceled)9. A method in a user equipment (UE) which communicates with a base station , the method comprising:receiving, via a downlink control channel, from the base station, control information that indicates a downlink persistent scheduling assignment, the control information having an associated format comprising a plurality of information fields; andvalidating the downlink persistent scheduling assignment on the downlink control channel, wherein said validation is achieved based on whether at least one of said plurality of information fields for the control information is set according to a predefined set of bit values.10. A user equipment (UE) configured for communication with a base station , the UE comprising:a transceiver configured to receive, via a downlink control channel, from the base station, control information that indicates a downlink persistent scheduling assignment, the control information having an associated format comprising a plurality of information fields; anda processor configured to validate the downlink persistent scheduling assignment on the downlink control channel, wherein said validation is achieved based on whether at least one of said plurality of information fields for the control information is set according to a predefined set of bit values.11. A method in a base station which communicates with a user ...

System, Apparatus And Method For Securely Protecting A Processor In Transit

In one embodiment, a processor includes: a first die including at least one processor core to execute instructions and a non-volatile storage to store an identifier to be provisioned into the processor during manufacture; a second die to couple to the first die, the second die including a wireless circuit and a second non-volatile storage; and a wireless interface to couple to the second die to enable wireless communication with a wireless device. The processor may be disabled if the identifier is not stored in the second non-volatile storage. Other embodiments are described and claimed. 1. A processor comprising:a first die including at least one processor core to execute instructions and a non-volatile storage to store an identifier to be provisioned into the processor during manufacture;a second die to couple to the first die, the second die including a wireless circuit and a second non-volatile storage, wherein the processor is to be disabled if the identifier is not stored in the second non-volatile storage; anda wireless interface to couple to the second die to enable wireless communication with a wireless device.2. The processor of claim 1 , wherein the processor further comprises a security logic to obtain a stored identifier from the second non-volatile storage and determine if the stored identifier matches the identifier claim 1 , and if so enable the processor claim 1 , and otherwise disable the processor.3. The processor of claim 2 , wherein the security logic is to obtain the stored identifier responsive to execution of pre-boot firmware after reset of the processor.4. The processor of claim 2 , wherein the stored identifier is to be removed from the second non-volatile storage prior to delivery to a customer to lock the processor for transit.5. The processor of claim 4 , wherein the stored identifier is to be stored in the second non-volatile storage by the customer after the transit claim 4 , the customer comprising an original equipment manufacturer ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Communication apparatus is disclosed which is suitable for communicating with a mobile communication device in a communication system which uses a plurality of radio frames wherein each radio frame is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of subframes, each subframe is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of slots, and each slot is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of symbols. The communication apparatus operates a communication cell, generates discovery signals, for use in a cell search procedure, each discovery signal comprising a pair of synchronisation signals and a further signal, and transmits each synchronisation signal and the further signal in a respective symbol of a radio frame. The symbol in which the further signal is transmitted separated, in the time domain, by no more than half a radio frame from at least one of said pair of synchronisation signals. 1transmitting, to the mobile station, a message which includes a periodicity;transmitting at least one signal based on the periodicity;. A method performed in a base station which communicates with a mobile station, the method comprising: The present application is a Continuation application of Ser. No. 15/641,565 filed on Jul. 5, 2017, which is a continuation application of Ser. No. 14/787,914 filed on Oct. 29, 2015, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,749,976, which is a National Stage Entry of International Application PCT/JP2014/062417, filed on Apr. 30, 2014, which claims the benefit of priority from United Kingdom patent application No. 1308196.3, filed on May 7, 2013, the disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein, in their entirety, by this reference.The present invention relates to mobile communications devices and networks, particularly but not exclusively those operating according to the 3Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards or equivalents or derivatives thereof. The invention has particular although not exclusive relevance to the Long Term ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is described in which machine-type communication devices having a reduced bandwidth can be allocated physical uplink control channel resources that fall within that reduced bandwidth whilst other, legacy, devices can continue to use physical uplink control channel resources that do not fall within that reduced bandwidth. 117-. (canceled)18. A communication apparatus which is operable to communicate with at least one of a first , bandwidth limited , type user equipment (UE) and a second type UE , the communication apparatus comprising:a processor configured to assign a first frequency resource for a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for the bandwidth limited type UE, wherein the first PUCCH is initially carried by a first band and wherein the first PUCCH is subsequently carried by a second band following a retuning by the bandwidth limited type UE; andwherein the processor is further configured to assign a second frequency resource for a second physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for the second type UE.19. The communication apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the processor is further configured to multiplex the first frequency resource and the second frequency resource.20. The communication apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the processor is further configured to assign the first PUCCH such that the second band effectively mirrors the first band around a centre of a bandwidth of the communication apparatus.21. The communication apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the frequency resource for the first PUCCH changes from end of one slot to beginning of next slot.22. The communication apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the first and second bands comprise respective narrowbands having a bandwidth that is small compared to the cell bandwidth.23. The communication apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the communication apparatus is an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) base station.24. ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A method for a user device , the method comprising:receiving information from a base station, the information corresponding to first continuous resource blocks allocated to the user device;communicating with the base station using the first continuous resource blocks starting from a first resource block at a first slot in a subframe; andcommunicating with the base station using second continuous resource blocks starting from a second resource block at a second slot in the subframe,wherein the number of the first continuous resource blocks is the same as the number of the second continuous resource blocks,wherein a position of the second resource block in a frequency axis is determined based on A mod B,wherein A is determined by sum of a first value and a second value,wherein B is determined by a third value, the third value indicating an uplink bandwidth size, andwherein the first value indicates a position of the first resource block in the frequency ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR SETTING AN UPLINK TARGET RECEIVED POWER FOR A HOME BASE STATION

A communication system is disclosed in which a home base station operates a home cell and a macro base station operates a macro cell. The home base operates a cell located at least partially within the macro cell. The home base station can obtain information identifying a quantity of home base stations that each operate at least one respective cell that is located at least partially within the macro cell and from this information, and further information identifying resource usage via said home base station, can set a target power for said home base station. 1. A home base station for a communication system in which a macro base station operates a macro cell , the home base station comprising:at least one processor; and operate a cell located at least partially within the macro cell;', 'obtain information identifying a quantity of home base stations that each operate at least one respective cell that is located at least partially within the macro cell;', 'determine resource usage via said home base station;, 'at least one storage, with a memory space, storing executable instructions that when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to 'communicate said target power set for said home base station to at least one user communication device.', 'set a target power for said home base station based on said information identifying a quantity of home base stations and said determined resource usage; and'}2. The home base station according to wherein claim 1 , the at least one processor is further configured to obtain said information from said macro base station that operates said macro cell.3. The home base station according to wherein claim 2 , the at least one processor is further configured to obtain said information over an X2 interface with said macro base station.4. The home base station according to wherein claim 3 , the at least one processor is further configured to obtain said information from an X2 Setup Request message received ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Communication apparatus is disclosed which is suitable for communicating with a mobile communication device in a communication system which uses a plurality of radio frames wherein each radio frame is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of subframes, each subframe is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of slots, and each slot is subdivided in the time domain into a plurality of symbols. The communication apparatus operates a communication cell, generates discovery signals, for use in a cell search procedure, each discovery signal comprising a pair of synchronisation signals and a further signal, and transmits each synchronisation signal and the further signal in a respective symbol of a radio frame. The symbol in which the further signal is transmitted separated, in the time domain, by no more than half a radio frame from at least one of said pair of synchronisation signals. 2. A method according to the claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises receiving a measurement result based on the at least one signal for the mobile station to measure at least one of RSRP and RSRQ.3. A method according to the claim 1 , wherein the at least one discovery signal is transmitted in a duration within the periodicity.5. A method according to the claim 4 , wherein the method further comprises transmitting a measurement result based on the at least one signal for the mobile station to measure at least one of RSRP and RSRQ.6. A method according to the claim 4 , wherein the at least one discovery signal is transmitted in a duration within the periodicity. The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/787,914 filed on Oct. 29, 2015, which is a National Stage Entry of International Application PCT/JP2014/062417, filed on Apr. 30, 2014, which claims the benefit of priority from United Kingdom patent application No. 1308196.3, filed on May 7, 2013, the disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein, in their ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING COMMUNICATION BASED ON DEVICE-TO-DEVICE RELAY SERVICE IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is disclosed in which a ProSe Relay UE allows a remote UE to connect to a base station and core network through the Relay UE. The base station broadcasts that it is capable of supporting ProSe Relay UEs. UEs that are in poor coverage areas can identify that the base station supports ProSe Relaying and can search for a relay UE with which to connect prior to trying to establish a direct connection with the base station. The Relay UE and the base station maintain context information for the relayed UE so that messages can be properly routed through the network and through the Relay UE. 1. A base station configured to operate with a relay user equipment that can provide relay services to another user equipment , the base station comprising:a transceiver circuit arranged to communicate over communication links using a plurality of communication resources; and configure the relay user equipment for relay communication with the other user equipment over a side-link;', 'schedule communication resources for use in providing the relay user equipment downlink communications from the base station to the relay user equipment and uplink communications from the relay user equipment to the base station, and schedule communication resources to be used by the relay user equipment for communicating with the other user equipment over said side-link;', 'receive a message from the relay user equipment, the message containing a communications control message generated by the other user equipment; and', 'maintain communication context information for the other user equipment that communicates with the base station via the relay user equipment, the communication context information allowing the base station to be able to route communications from the other user equipment through a core network and for allowing communications received over the core network for the other user equipment to be transmitted to the other user equipment via the relay user equipment over the ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node via resource blocks , the communications node comprising:a transceiver circuit configured to receive a parameter which defines a resource allocation of contiguous resource blocks;a shift register configured to determine a communication resource by applying a frequency shift to the resource allocation of contiguous resource blocks; andwherein the transceiver circuit is further configured to transmit uplink data to the another communications node using the determined communication resource;wherein the frequency shift is determined based on a frequency hopping function and a number of contiguous resource blocks in a sub-band.2. The communications node according to claim 1 , wherein the communications node is a user equipment (UE) and the another communications node is an eNodeB.3. A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node via resource blocks ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is described in which machine-type communication devices having a reduced bandwidth can be allocated physical uplink control channel resources that fall within that reduced bandwidth whilst other, legacy, devices can continue to use physical uplink control channel resources that do not fall within that reduced bandwidth.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communication system is presented in which a base station is provided for communicating with a plurality of mobile communication devices in a cellular communication system. The base station operates one of more communication cells and communicates subframes, with each of the plurality of communication devices within the cell(s), each comprising the communication resources of a control region for communicating a control channel and the communication resources of a data region for communicating a respective data channel. The base station communicates a control channel having a first DMRS sequence in a control region of some subframes and a control channel having a second DMRS sequence in a control region of other subframes. The second control channel may be transmitted in a radio beam focussed spatially in a direction of a communication device. The first control channel may be transmitted omnidirectionally throughout the cell(s). 112-. (canceled)13. A mobile communication device configured to communicate with a communication apparatus , the mobile communication device comprising:a controller and a transceiver, wherein the controller is configured to:control the transceiver to receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of a first type;control the transceiver to receive demodulation reference signals (DMRS) transmitted, from the communication apparatus on a plurality of antenna ports, wherein first DMRS for a first two antenna ports of the plurality of antenna ports are transmitted using a first set of resource elements, and second DMRS for a second two antenna ports of the plurality of antenna ports are transmitted using a second set of resource elements, wherein the first DMRS and the second DMRS are associated with transmissions of at least one PDCCH of a second type transmitted using at least one of the plurality of antenna ports;demodulate, when a first PDCCH of the second type is transmitted using at least one of the first two antenna ports, the first ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A communications system is described in which user devices are allocated sub-carriers on which to transmit uplink data to a base station. ACK/NACK messages for the data transmitted on the uplink are then transmitted by the base station on sub-carriers that depend on the sub-carriers used to carry the uplink data. A direct mapping function is preferably used to determine the sub-carriers to be used for the ACK/NACK messages from the uplink sub-carriers. In another embodiment, the ACK/NACK messages are transmitted to the user devices on sub-carriers that are previously identified to the user devices, preferably by transmitting one or more index values to the user device in a control channel thereof. 1. A user equipment (UE) configured to communicate with a communication node , the user equipment comprising:a receiver configured to receive a configuration of at least one resource to be used for an ACK/NACK channel;a transmitter configured to perform uplink data transmission; anda controller configured to determine at least one ACK/NACK channel resource based on: 1) a value based on an index of a chunk allocated for the uplink data transmission, 2) the configuration, and 3) a total number of chunks in a downlink bandwidth,wherein the receiver is configured to receive at least one ACK/NACK based on the at least one ACK/NACK channel resource.2. The user equipment according to claim 1 , wherein each of the chunk corresponds to a resource block.3. The user equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one ACK/NACK channel resource is determined based on modulo arithmetic.4. A communication method of a user equipment (UE) configured to communicate with a communication node claim 1 , the method comprising:receiving a configuration of at least one resource to be used for an ACK/NACK channel;performing uplink data transmission;determining at least one ACK/NACK channel resource based on: 1) a value based on an index of a chunk allocated for the uplink data transmission, ...

MULTI-PROCESS WELDING AND CUTTING MACHINE

A welding machine includes a main transformer having first primary winding, a second primary winding, and a secondary winding; a power board configured to receiving mains power and to convert the mains power to converted power to be input to the main transformer; a switch having an input connected to an output of the power board, a first output connected to the first primary winding of the main transformer, and a second output connected to the second primary winding of the main transformer; and a control board configured to control the switch to be arranged in one of (i) a first configuration in which the converted power is supplied, in series, to a first primary winding of a main transformer switching and a second primary winding of the main transformer, and (ii) a second configuration in which the converted power is supplied, in parallel, to the first primary winding of the main transformer and to the second primary winding of the main transformer. 1. A welding system , comprising:a main transformer having first primary winding, a second primary winding separate from the first primary winding, and a secondary winding;a power board configured to receiving mains power and to convert the mains power to converted power to be input to the main transformer;a switch having an input connected to an output of the power board and configured to pass the converted power to the main transformer; anda control board, in communication with the switch and configured to control the switch to be arranged in one of a first configuration and a second configuration,wherein when the switch is in the first configuration, an output of the main transformer supplies a relatively high current and low voltage, and when the switch is in the second configuration, the output of the main transformer supplies a relatively low current and high voltage.2. The welding machine of claim 1 , wherein the relatively high current and low voltage is suitable for a welding process.3. The welding machine of ...

LIGHT-EMITTING USER INPUT DEVICE FOR CALIBRATION OR PAIRING

A light emitting user input device can include a touch sensitive portion configured to accept user input (e.g., from a user's thumb) and a light emitting portion configured to output a light pattern. The light pattern can be used to assist the user in interacting with the user input device. Examples include emulating a multi-degree-of-freedom controller, indicating scrolling or swiping actions, indicating presence of objects nearby the device, indicating receipt of notifications, assisting pairing the user input device with another device, or assisting calibrating the user input device. The light emitting user input device can be used to provide user input to a wearable device, such as, e.g., a head mounted display device. 1. A system for calibrating a light-emitting user input device , the system comprising:an outward-facing imaging system configured to image an environment;a light-emitting user input device configured to illuminate a light pattern; and access first movement data acquired by a sensor of the light-emitting user input device associated with a movement of the light-emitting user input device from a first pose to a second pose;', 'determine a first image of the light emitting user input device, wherein the first image comprises the light pattern corresponding to the first pose of the light-emitting user input device;', 'determine a second image of the light-emitting user input device acquired by the outward-facing imaging system, wherein the second image comprises the light pattern corresponding to the second pose of the light-emitting user input device;', 'analyze the second image to calculate second movement data associated with the movement of the light-emitting user input device;', 'detect a discrepancy between the first movement data and the second movement data; and', 'cause the sensor of the light-emitting user input device to be calibrated in response to a determination that the discrepancy passes a threshold condition., 'a hardware processor ...

LIGHT-EMITTING USER INPUT DEVICE

A light emitting user input device can include a touch sensitive portion configured to accept user input (e.g., from a user's thumb) and a light emitting portion configured to output a light pattern. The light pattern can be used to assist the user in interacting with the user input device. Examples include emulating a multi-degree-of-freedom controller, indicating scrolling or swiping actions, indicating presence of objects nearby the device, indicating receipt of notifications, assisting pairing the user input device with another device, or assisting calibrating the user input device. The light emitting user input device can be used to provide user input to a wearable device, such as, e.g., a head mounted display device. 1. A system comprising:a light emitting assembly of a user input device, wherein the light emitting assembly is configured to illuminate a plurality of light patterns for providing information of an object in an environment; identify an object in an environment of a user;', 'access contextual information associated with the object;', 'determine characteristics of a light pattern to be illuminated by the light emitting assembly based at least partly on the contextual information; and', 'instruct the light emitting assembly to illuminate in accordance with the light pattern., 'a hardware processor communicatively coupled to the light emitting assembly and programmed to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the object comprises at least one of: a physical object or a virtual object.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the status of the virtual object comprises at least one of: a current interaction with the virtual object by the user claim 2 , whether the virtual object has received new information claim 2 , whether the virtual object is idle claim 2 , or whether the virtual object is in an error state.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the characteristics of the light pattern comprises at least one of: a brightness claim 1 , a position claim 1 , a shape ...

Communication System

A communications system is described that has a base station and a number of user devices, including legacy user devices and non-legacy user devices. The base station generates control data for transmission to the user devices, the control data including common control data for reception and decoding by a plurality of user devices and user specific control data for reception and decoding by a specific user device. The common control data is for reception and decoding by the non-legacy user devices and cannot be decoded by the legacy user devices. The common control data is repeated within multiple subframes for reception and decoding by non-legacy user devices. The non-legacy user devices are typically Machine Type Communications (MTC) user devices. 1. A communications node operable to schedule resources for use by a plurality of user devices , including legacy user devices and Machine Type Communications , MTC user devices , for communicating with the communications node , the communications node comprising:a controller configured to generate control data for transmission to the user devices, the control data including common control data for reception and decoding by a plurality of user devices and user specific control data for reception and decoding by a specific user device; anda transceiver circuit configured to transmit the generated control data in a sequence of subframes for reception by the user devices;wherein the controller is further configured to generate common control data for reception and decoding by the MTC user devices;wherein the transceiver circuit is further configured to transmit the common control data for the legacy user devices on a first channel and the common control data for the MTC user devices on a second channel which is not monitored by the legacy user devices; andwherein the transceiver is further configured to transmit repeats of the common control data generated for reception and decoding by the MTC user devices within a ...

SCRAMBLING INITIALISATION IN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

Scrambling code is initialized based on a parameter, n′, that changes from a given block of sub-frames to a subsequent block of sub-frames wherein the parameter is derived using one of the following formulas: 1. Communication apparatus for a cellular communication system comprising a plurality of cells , the communication apparatus comprising:means for communicating signals in a cell in a sequence of sub-frames; andmeans for scrambling said signals communicated in said cell using a scrambling sequence that is applied per sub-frame for a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) for a given block of sub-frames;wherein said scrambling sequence is initialized based on a parameter that changes from one block of sub-frames to a next block of sub-frames and a sub-frame number.2. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said parameter is derived based on at least one of: a system frame number associated with at least one of said sequence of sub-frames; and a counter associated with said block of sub-frames.3. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said parameter is derived using the following formula:{'br': None, 'i': n′', 'n, 'sub': RNTI', 'RNTI, 'sup': '16', '=(+SFN)mod 2'}{'sub': RNTI', 'RNTI, 'where n′is said parameter, nis a temporary identifier associated with a mobile device connected to said cell and for which said scrambling sequence is applicable; and SFN is a system frame number associated with said at least one of said sequence of sub-frames.'}4. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said parameter is derived using the following formula:{'br': None, 'i': n′', 'n', '+k, 'sub': RNTI', 'RNTI, 'sup': '16', '=()mod 2'}{'sub': RNTI', 'RNTI, 'where n′is said parameter, nis a temporary identifier associated with a mobile device connected to said cell and for which said scrambling sequence is applicable; and k is a sub-frame counter.'}5. The communication apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein said parameter is ...

RELAY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A method in a relay station includes communicating with a base station, determining if a control signal is included in a subframe, and decoding data in the subframe if the control signal is included in the subframe. The control signal includes a parameter which is related to a quantity of resource blocks. 14-. (canceled)5. A method in a relay node , the method comprising:communicating with a base station;detecting a relay physical downlink control channel intended for the relay node in a subframe wherein a set of ‘N’ virtual resource blocks (VRBs) are configured for relay physical downlink control channel transmission;determining a relay physical control channel assignment, wherein the relay physical control channel comprises at least one VRB numbered with a value based on N; anddecoding a corresponding physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the same subframe.6. A relay node , comprising:a controller and a transceiver wherein the controller is operable to:control the transceiver to communicate with a base station;detect a relay physical downlink control channel intended for the relay node in a subframe wherein a set of ‘N’ virtual resource blocks (VRBs) are configured for relay physical downlink control channel transmission;determine a relay physical control channel assignment, wherein the relay physical control channel comprises at least one VRB numbered with a value based on N; anddecode a corresponding physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the same subframe. The present application is a Continuation Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/138,741, filed on Sep. 23, 2011, which is based on International Application No. PCT/JP2010/057305, filed on Apr. 19, 2010, which is based on the United Kingdom Patent Application No. 0907083.0, filed on Apr. 24, 2009, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.The present invention relates to a communication system and to components thereof for providing relay services to mobile or ...

FREQUENCY HOPPING

A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource. 1. A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node , the communications node comprising:a processor configured to determine a first value; anda transceiver circuit configured to transmit, to the another communications node, information which is related to resource allocation;wherein the processor is further configured to determine at least one communication resource based on the first value and a second value;wherein the transceiver circuit is further configured to receive uplink data from the another communications node using the at least one communication resource; andwherein the second value is determined based on a frequency hopping function multiplied by a size of a sub-band.2. The communications node according to claim 1 , wherein the communications node is a NodeB and the another communications node is a user equipment (UE).3. The communications node according to claim 1 , wherein the information is determined based on ...

RELAY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A method in a relay station includes communicating with a base station, determining if a control signal is included in a subframe, and decoding data in the subframe if the control signal is included in the subframe. The control signal includes a parameter which is related to a quantity of resource blocks. 14-. (canceled)5. A method in a relay node , the method comprising:communicating with a base station;detecting a relay physical downlink control channel intended for the relay node in a subframe, wherein assignment of the relay physical downlink control channel is determined according to a resource block number configured based on a numeric value representing number of resource blocks configured for the relay physical downlink control channel; anddecoding a corresponding physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the same subframe.6. A relay node comprising:at least one memory storing instructions; and communicate with a base station;', 'detect a relay physical downlink control channel intended for the relay node in a subframe, wherein assignment of the relay physical downlink control channel is determined according to a resource block number configured based on a numeric value representing number of resource blocks configured for the relay physical downlink control channel; and', 'decode a corresponding physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the same subframe., 'at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to The present application is a Continuation Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/138,741, filed on Sep. 23, 2011, which is based on International Application No. PCT/JP2010/057305, filed on Apr. 19, 2010, which is based on the United Kingdom Patent Application No. 0907083.0, filed on Apr. 24, 2009, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.The present invention relates to a communication system and to components thereof for providing relay services to mobile or fixed communication devices. The ...