Liquid Dispensing For High-Throughput Experimentation

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products and implementing techniques for mixing liquid components. Quantities of two or more liquid components are transferred from pressurized source reservoirs to one or more destination locations by means of a fluid outlet that includes a dispense valve, and the two or more liquid components are mixed in the destination locations to create a plurality of fluid mixtures. Two or more dispensing technologies can be combined to provide for increased efficiency in the dispensing of high volume liquid components. The amounts of liquid components being dispensed can be monitored during the dispensing to provide feedback control of the dispensing. 1. A method for mixing liquid components , comprising:providing a plurality of source reservoirs, each of the source reservoirs containing a liquid component;pressurizing one or more of the plurality of source reservoirs;transferring a quantity of a first liquid component from a first pressurized reservoir of the plurality of source reservoirs to one or more destination locations by means of a fluid outlet comprising a dispense valve, the fluid outlet being positionable to dispense the first liquid component through the dispense valve into each of the one or more destination locations;transferring a quantity of a second liquid component from a second pressurized reservoir of the plurality of source reservoirs to the one or more destination locations through the dispense valve; andmixing the first and second liquid components in each of the one or more of destination locations to create a plurality of fluid mixtures.2. A system for dispensing liquids , comprising:a plurality of pressurizable source reservoirs, each of the pressurizable source reservoirs containing a liquid component and being operable to maintain an elevated pressure for forcing the corresponding liquid component to exit the source reservoir;one or more destination substrates having one or more ...

MICROENCAPSULATION OF LUBRICANT ADDITIVES

Provided is a lubricating oil including a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock as a major component and microcapsules as a minor component. The microcapsules includes (i) a core containing a polar solvent and one or more polar lubricating oil additives having solubility in the polar solvent, and (ii) optionally a shell or membrane enclosing the core. The solubility of the polar lubricating oil additives in the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock is improved as compared to solubility achieved using a lubricating oil containing polar lubricating oil additives in a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock and not containing the microcapsules. A method of improving solubility of polar lubricating oil additives in a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock is also provided. The lubricating engine oils of this disclosure can be useful in automotive, marine, aviation, and industrial engine and machine components. 1. A lubricating oil comprising a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock as a major component and microcapsules as a minor component; wherein said microcapsules are dispersed in said nonpolar lubricating oil base stock; and wherein said microcapsules comprise (i) a core containing a polar solvent and one or more polar lubricating oil additives having solubility in said polar solvent , and (ii) optionally a shell or membrane enclosing said core; wherein the solubility of the polar lubricating oil additives in the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock is improved as compared to solubility achieved using a lubricating oil containing polar lubricating oil additives in a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock and not containing said microcapsules.2. The lubricating oil of wherein the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock comprises a Group I claim 1 , Group II claim 1 , Group III claim 1 , Group IV or Group V base oil.3. The lubricating oil of wherein the one or more polar solvents are selected from the group consisting of glycols claim 1 , alcohols claim 1 , esters claim 1 , ethers claim 1 ...

DESALTER EMULSION SEPARATION BY EMULSION RECYCLE

A petroleum desalting process in which fluid from interfacial boundary layer between the settled water layer and the settled oil layer or emulsion-water layer in the vessel is withdrawn from the desalter and recycled to the crude oil inlet of the desalter to improve separation of the oil and water phases. 1. A petroleum desalting process which comprises:mixing a crude oil to be desalted with desalting water and passing the mixture of oil and water to a desalter vessel to form (i) a settled water layer containing salts dissolved from the oil in the lower portion of the vessel, (ii) a settled supernatant, desalted oil layer in the upper portion of the vessel and (iii) an emulsion layer formed from the oil and the water comprising emulsified oil and water at the interface between the settled water layer and the settled oil layer,removing a stream of emulsion comprising fluid from the boundary layer at the interface between the settled water and the emulsion layer,recycling a portion of the removed emulsion to the crude oil to be desalted and mixing the recycled emulsion with the crude oil feed.2. A desalting process according to in which the stream of emulsion withdrawn from the desalter vessel includes oil-wet solids from the oil-water or emulsion-water layer in the vessel.3. A desalting process according to in which the withdrawn emulsion stream is settled to effect a partial separation of water and oil from the emulsion to form a water stream and an emulsion stream which is recycled and mixed with to the crude oil feed.4. A desalting process according to in which the recycled emulsion is mixed with the crude oil feed in a proportion up to 0.03:1 v/v of the crude.5. A desalting process according to in which the recycled emulsion is mixed with the crude oil feed in a proportion of 0.005:1 to 0.025:1 v/v of the crude.6. A desalting process according to in which a demulsifying additive is added to the emulsion stream removed from the desalter vessel.7. A desalting ...

LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING CONTROLLED RELEASE ADDITIVES

A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and a mixture of (i) one or more protected lubricating oil additives having a first performance function, and (ii) one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives having a second performance function, as a minor component. The first performance function and the second performance function are the same. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are inactive with respect to their performance function. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are converted into one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. A method for controlled release of one or more lubricating oil additives into a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives. 1. A lubricating oil comprising a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and a mixture of (i) one or more protected lubricating oil additives comprising a protected phenolic antioxidant , and (ii) one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives comprising an unprotected aminic antioxidant , as a minor component; wherein the one or more protected lubricating oil additives are inactive with respect to their antioxidant function; and wherein the one or more protected lubricating oil additives are converted into one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component.2. The lubricating oil of wherein the protected phenolic antioxidant comprises di-tert-butyl (methylenebis(2 claim 1 ,6-di-tert-butyl-4 claim 1 ,1-phenylene)) bis(carbonate) claim 1 , and the unprotected aminic antioxidant comprises diphenylamine.3. The lubricating oil of wherein the one or more protected lubricating oil additives further comprise a protected hydroxyl-based organic friction modifier claim 1 , a ...

LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING CONTROLLED RELEASE ADDITIVES

A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group, as a minor component. The one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group are converted into one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one unprotected active group in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. Compositions including one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group. A method for improving solubility of one or more lubricating oil additives in a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives. A method for improving friction control in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil. 1. A lubricating oil comprising a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; andone or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group, as a minor component; wherein the one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group are inactive with respect to their innate performance function; and wherein the one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group are converted into one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one unprotected active group in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component.2. The lubricating oil of wherein the one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group are converted into one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one unprotected active group in the lubricating oil over time claim 1 , thereby extending performance life of the one or more lubricating oil additives.3. The lubricating oil of wherein the one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group ...

INVERSE MICELLAR COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING LUBRICANT ADDITIVES

This disclosure relates to lubricating engines using formulated lubricating oils to reduce wear and improve engine fuel efficiency. The formulated lubricating oils contain a major amount of a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock and a minor amount of one or more polar lubricating oil additives. The one or more polar lubricating oil additives include swollen inverse micelles dispersed in the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock. The swollen inverse micelles include (i) a liquid polar core containing a polar solvent and one or more polar lubricating oil additives having solubility in the polar solvent, and (ii) a layer of liquid surfactant molecules enclosing the liquid polar core in which polar heads of the liquid surfactant molecules are oriented towards the liquid polar core. A method of improving solubility of polar lubricating oil additives in a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock is also provided. 1. A lubricating oil comprising a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock as a major component and one or more polar lubricating oil additives as a minor component; wherein said one or more polar lubricating oil additives comprise swollen inverse micelles dispersed in said nonpolar lubricating oil base stock; and wherein said swollen inverse micelles comprise (i) a liquid polar core containing a polar solvent and one or more polar lubricating oil additives having solubility in said polar solvent , and (ii) a layer of liquid surfactant molecules enclosing said liquid polar core in which polar heads of the liquid surfactant molecules are oriented towards the liquid polar core.2. The lubricating oil of wherein the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock comprises a Group I claim 1 , Group II claim 1 , Group III claim 1 , Group IV or Group V base oil.3. The lubricating oil of wherein the polar solvent is selected from the group consisting of glycols claim 1 , alcohols claim 1 , esters claim 1 , ethers claim 1 , carboxylic acids claim 1 , amines claim 1 , organic compounds containing ...

Shear thickening composition

A shear thickening composition which comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having dispersed in the continuous, oily phase thereof, hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, said oily phase having dissolved therein a polyamine derivative surfactant and an oil-soluble amine. The aqueous phase will preferably have dissolved therein a polymer, preferably a polyacrylamide, which will flocculate and congeal the clay when same is mixed with water. These compositions are useful as well control fluids and may be used in deep wells.

Lubricant compositions containing controlled release additives

A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group, as a minor component. The one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group are converted into one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one unprotected active group in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. Compositions including one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group. A method for improving solubility of one or more lubricating oil additives in a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives. A method for improving friction control in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil.

Plugging wellbores with polyacrylic acid shear thickening composition

A process for plugging a porous formation in a well bore which comprises pumping a shear-thickening composition into drill pipe in the well under conditions of low shear to the point desired to be plugged at which point the composition is forced through the orifices of a drill bit at the end of the drill pipe and subjected to high shear of at least about 1,000 sec.⁻¹ which forms a paste in the well bore which plugs the porous formation. The shear-thickening composition com­ prises a water-in-oil emulsion having granular bentonite dispersed in the continuous oily phase, wherein the oily phase has a polyamine derivative surfactant dissolved therein, and the aqueous phase comprises an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid. This process may be used for plugging wells having depths in excess of 8,000 feet.

Method of blending lubricants using positive displacement liquid-handling equipment

The present invention relates to a method of dispensing accurately small amounts of high viscosity lubricant components using tubeless positive-displacement liquid-handling equipment for forming lubricant blends. The method includes the steps of: providing a low void volume positive displacement pipette with a tapered tip for each lubricant component contained within a lubricant additive reservoir, and one or more lubricant blend containers; ingesting into a low void volume positive displacement pipette from a lubricant additive reservoir an ingestion volume of a lubricant component; moving the low void volume positive displacement pipette from the lubricant additive reservoir to the one or more lubricant blend containers; ejecting into the one or more lubricant blend containers an ejection volume of the lubricant component from the low void volume positive displacement pipette; returning the low void volume positive displacement pipette from the one or more lubricant blend containers to the additive reservoir; and repeating these steps for each additional lubricant component. The advantages of the method of the present invention include improved dispensing accuracy, quicker dispensing, lower shear rate during dispensing, lower temperature for dispensing, less residual additive on the tip of the device after dispensing, and the ability to real time monitor density and mass during dispensing. The method finds application in laboratory test environments, and in particular in high throughput testing environments.

Inverse micellar compositions containing lubricant additives

This disclosure relates to lubricating engines using formulated lubricating oils to reduce wear and improve engine fuel efficiency. The formulated lubricating oils contain a major amount of a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock and a minor amount of one or more polar lubricating oil additives. The one or more polar lubricating oil additives include swollen inverse micelles dispersed in the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock. The swollen inverse micelles include (i) a liquid polar core containing a polar solvent and one or more polar lubricating oil additives having solubility in the polar solvent, and (ii) a layer of liquid surfactant molecules enclosing the liquid polar core in which polar heads of the liquid surfactant molecules are oriented towards the liquid polar core. A method of improving solubility of polar lubricating oil additives in a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock is also provided.

Method of blending lubricants using positive displacement liquid-handling equipment

The present invention relates to a method of dispensing accurately small amounts of high viscosity lubricant components using tubeless positive-displacement liquid-handling equipment for forming lubricant blends. The method includes the steps of: providing a low void volume positive displacement pipette with a tapered tip for each lubricant component contained within a lubricant additive reservoir, and one or more lubricant blend containers; ingesting into a low void volume positive displacement pipette from a lubricant additive reservoir an ingestion volume of a lubricant component; moving the low void volume positive displacement pipette from the lubricant additive reservoir to the one or more lubricant blend containers; ejecting into the one or more lubricant blend containers an ejection volume of the lubricant component from the low void volume positive displacement pipette; returning the low void volume positive displacement pipette from the one or more lubricant blend containers to the additive reservoir; and repeating these steps for each additional lubricant component. The advantages of the method of the present invention include improved dispensing accuracy, quicker dispensing, lower shear rate during dispensing, lower temperature for dispensing, less residual additive on the tip of the device after dispensing, and the ability to real time monitor density and mass during dispensing. The method finds application in laboratory test environments, and in particular in high throughput testing environments.

Method of Use of Lubricating Composition in Diesel Engines

Lubricant compositions containing controlled release additives

A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and a mixture of (i) one or more protected lubricating oil additives having a first performance function, and (ii) one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives having a second performance function, as a minor component. The first performance function and the second performance function are the same. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are inactive with respect to their performance function. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are converted into one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives in die lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. A method for controlled release of one or more lubricating oil additives into a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives.

A shear thickening composition with polyacrylic acid

A shear thickening composition which comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having dispersed in the continuous, oily phase thereof, hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, wherein said oily phase has a polyamine derivative surfactant dissolved therein and the dispersed aqueous phase comprises an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid. These compositions are useful as well control fluids and may be used in deep wells.

CUTTING THICKNESSS WITH POLYACRYLIC ACID.

Lubricant compositions containing controlled release additives

A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and a mixture of (i) one or more protected lubricating oil additives having a first performance function, and (ii) one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives having a second performance function, as a minor component. The first performance function and the second performance function are the same. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are inactive with respect to their performance function. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are converted into one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. A method for controlled release of one or more lubricating oil additives into a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives.

An automated intelligent system for lubricant manufacture optimization

A method to blend components to form a lubricant having a predetermined characteristic comprising determining the characteristic from a model that relates that characteristic as a function of the amount of its components and properties of the components.

An automated intelligent system for lubricant manufacture optimization

A method to blend components to form a lubricant having a predetermined characteristic comprising determining the characteristic from a model that relates that characteristic as a function of the amount of its components and properties of the components.

An automated intelligent system for lubricant manufacture optimization

A method to blend components to form a lubricant having a predetermined characteristic comprising determining the characteristic from a model that relates that characteristic as a function of the amount of its components and properties of the components.