HALOGEN LAMP

Lampe (1) à incandescence aux halogènes ayant une ampoule (2) dans laquelle est logé un corps lumineux et un remplissage à l'intérieur de l'ampoule (2) est logée une couche, activable à des température appropriées, contenant du brome, du chlore, du fluor et/ou un oxyde ou un sulfure et/ou déclenchant facilement un arc lumineux et contenant des éléments alcalins ou alcalino-terreux, qui est disposée de manière à ce que, dans le cas d'un affaissement du corps lumineux, elle puisse être touchée par celui-ci.

Device for fixing prosthesis i.e. interspinous implant, between lumbar vertebra and sacral vertebra during surgery of spinal column, has artificial apophysis comprising projection cooperating with interspinous implant

Dispositif de fixation d'une prothèse, utilisé dans le domaine de la chirurgie de la colonne vertébrale, destiné à fixer l'implant inter épineux entre la cinquième vertèbre lombaire (15) et la première vertèbre sacrée (6) caractérisé en ce qu'il est composé d'une apophyse artificielle (3) constituée par une saillie, fixée à la partie supérieure du sacrum (6), saillie étant destinée à coopérer avec l'implant inter épineux (13).

PROSTHESIS OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS

Shifting device for a motor vehicle transmission

Cette invention se rapporte à un dispositif de changement de vitesse (26, 28) pour une transmission de véhicule automobile, en particulier une transmission (10) étagée entièrement automatique, comprenant plusieurs arbres de transmission (24) qui peuvent tourner chacun autour d'un axe de transmission (A), une bague de synchroniseur (32) qui est solidement reliée à un arbre de transmission (24), un premier porte-disques (34), une pluralité de premiers disques (36) qui sont reliés au premier porte-disques (34) de manière non rotative et de manière à pouvoir être décalés axialement, un deuxième porte-disques (38) qui peut être décalé axialement par rapport au premier porte-disques (34) et peut être couplé à la bague de synchroniseur (32) dans une direction circonférentielle à la fois par friction et par liaison de forme, une pluralité de deuxièmes disques (40) qui sont reliés au deuxième porte-disques (38) de manière non rotative et de manière à pouvoir être décalés axialement et forment un ...

Verfahren zur Herstellung von veraetherten Organohydrogenpolysiloxanen

Device and method for cataract surgery

Improvements in respect of performing cataract surgery, and the result thereof, by application of a laser system. A device for cataract surgery, includes a surgical microscope or stereo microscope and a laser source. A module, consisting of a laser-coupling/deflecting unit, a laser-scan unit, and a focusing unit, can be attached to the surgical microscope or stereo microscope, in which at least one of these units can selectively be introduced between the surgical microscope and eye, and in which the focusing unit can scan a depth-of-focus range of greater than 1 mm.

Process for preparing polyolefins

The present invention relates to a process of preparing a polyolefin in a loop reactor by introducing anti-fouling agent through a sleeve provided around at least part of the shaft of the pump. Also, the invention relates to the use of anti-fouling agent to prevent or reduce fouling by feeding the anti-fouling agent against the impeller of the pump upon introduction to the loop reactor. 1. Process of preparing a polyolefin in a loop reactor in the presence of anti-fouling agent , said loop reactor comprising interconnected pipes , defining a reactor path , and an axial pump comprising a motor , a shaft and an impeller , characterized in that at least part of the anti-fouling agent is introduced into said loop reactor through a sleeve provided around at least part of the shaft of said pump.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the anti-fouling agent is fed against the side of the impeller which is connected to the shaft of said pump.3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein all anti-fouling agent is fed through the sleeve into the reactor.4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-fouling agent is dissolved at a concentration of 0.1-10% by weight in a solvent.5. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-fouling agent is fed under flushing with diluent.6. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the diluent comprises less than 15% by weight of monomer claim 1 , preferably less than 10% by weight claim 1 , more preferably less than 5% by weight claim 1 , most preferably less than 1% by weight of monomer.7. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said polyolefin is produced in slurry conditions.8. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said process is performed in a double loop reactor.9. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-fouling agent is introduced into the first loop reactor of the double loop reactor through a sleeve provided around at least part of the shaft of the pump of the first loop reactor.10. Process according to ...

GLASS-CERAMIC WHICH IS AT LEAST PARTLY PROVIDED WITH A HARD MATERIAL LAYER

Glass-ceramic is provided that is at least partly provided with a hard material layer to protect against external mechanical influences. The hard material layer contains at least two phases, which are present side by side and are mixed with one another. The at least two phases include at least one nanocrystalline phase and one amorphous phase. The hard material layer has a hardness of at least 26 GPa and a layer thickness of at least 0.5 μm. The hard material layer is chemically resistant in the temperature range from 200° C. to 1000° C. The coefficient of thermal expansion (α) of the glass-ceramic does not differ by more than +/−20% from the coefficient of thermal expansion (α) of the hard material layer. 1. A glass-ceramic comprising:a hard material layer that protects against external mechanical influences at least partially provided on the glass-ceramic,wherein the hard material layer comprises at least two phases that are present side by side and are mixed with one another, the at least two phases comprising at least one nanocrystalline phase and one amorphous phase,wherein the hard material layer has a hardness of at least 26 GPa and a layer thickness of at least 0.5 μm, is chemically resistant in the temperature range from 200° C. to 1000° C., and has a coefficient of thermal expansion (α) that does not differ by more than +/−20% from a coefficient of thermal expansion (α) of the glass-ceramic.2. The glass-ceramic according to claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystalline phase has an average grain size of less than 1000 nm.3. The glass-ceramic according to claim 2 , wherein the average grain size is between 1 nm to 50 nm.4. The glass-ceramic according to claim 1 , wherein the amorphous phase substantially surrounds the nanocrystalline phase.5. The glass-ceramic according to claim 1 , wherein the hard material layer has a light transmission in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm of at least 80% at a layer thickness of 1.0 μm.6. The glass-ceramic according to ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ZIEGLER-NATTA PRODUCED POLYETHYLENE BLENDS

A process for preparing a multimodal polyethylene product with at least two different polyethylene resins can include producing a first polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in a reactor. The Ziegler-Natta catalyst used for the production of the first polyethylene resin has an average particle size (D50) of at most 15 μm. The HLMI of the first polyethylene resin is between 0.01 and 5 g/10 min. The process can include separately producing a second polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in a reactor. The MIof the second polyethylene resin is between 1 and 150 g/10 min. The process can include physically blending together the first and second polyethylene resins to produce a multimodal polyethylene product. The physical blending can be performed in a device for continuously melting and blending the first and second polyethylene resins. 1. A process for preparing a multimodal polyethylene product , said multimodal polyethylene product comprising at least two different polyethylene resins , the process comprising:(a) producing a first polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in a reactor, wherein the High Load Melt Index (HLMI) of said first polyethylene resin is between 0.01 and 5 g/10 min, with the HLMI being measured by the procedure of ASTM D-1238 using a temperature of 190° C. and a load of 21.6 kg;{'sub': 2', '2, '(b) separately producing a second polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the reactor or a separate reactor, wherein the Melt Index (MI) of said second polyethylene resin is between 1 and 150 g/10 min, with the MIbeing measured by the procedure of ASTM D-1238 using a temperature of 190° C. and a load of 2.16 kg; and'}(c) physically blending together said first polyethylene resin and said second polyethylene resin to produce a multimodal polyethylene product;wherein the Ziegler-Natta catalyst used for the production of said first polyethylene resin has an ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYETHYLENE BLEND COMPRISING METALLOCENE PRODUCED RESINS AND CHROMIUM PRODUCED RESINS

A process for preparing a homogeneous polyethylene product can include producing a first polyethylene resin in the presence of a metallocene catalyst in a reactor. The first polyethylene resin can have a density of from 0.942 to 0.970 g/cmand an HLMI of from 0.5 to 150 g/10 min. The process can include separately producing a second polyethylene resin in the presence of a chromium catalyst in a reactor. The process can include physically blending together the first polyethylene resin and the second polyethylene resin to produce the homogeneous polyethylene product. The homogeneous polyethylene product can include at least 25% by weight of the first polyethylene resin. 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the metallocene catalyst used for the production of the first polyethylene resin comprises a bis tetrahydroindenyl compound of the general formula (IndH4)2RMQwherein each Ind is the same or different and is indenyl or substituted indenyl claim 1 , Ris a bridge which comprises a Calkylene group claim 1 , a dialkyl germanium or silicon or siloxane claim 1 , or an alkyl phosphine or amine group claim 1 , which bridge is substituted or unsubstituted claim 1 , M is a Group IVB transition metal or vanadium and each Q is hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or halogen.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the first polyethylene resin has Low Molecular Weight (LMW) with an HLMI of from 0.5 to 150 g/10 min.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the second polyethylene resin has an HLMI of between 0.5 and 150 g/10 min.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the second polyethylene resin has monomodal molecular weight distribution.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the second polyethylene resin has a density of from 0.920 to 0.960 g/cm.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of said first polyethylene resin to said second polyethylene resin in said polyethylene product is between 0.20 and 5.8. The process ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYOLEFIN BLENDS IN A DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY PHYSICALLY MELTING AND BLENDING THE BLENDS

A process for preparing a polyolefin product can include providing a first high molecular weight (HMW) polyolefin resin having an HLMI of between 0.01 and 5 g/10 min, and separately providing a second low molecular weight (LMW) polyolefin resin having an MIof between 1 and 150 g/10 min. A device can be used to continuously physically melt and blend the first HMW polyolefin resin and the second LMW polyolefin resin to produce the polyolefin product. The device can include at least two feeding zones spatially separated and operably connected to each other. At least a art of the first HMW polyolefin resin is introduced in a first feeding zone, and at least a part of the second LMW polyolefin is introduced in a second feeding zone different from the first zone. 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio the first HMW resin/the second LMW resin of the polymer product decreases as a function of residence time in the device.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said polyolefin product is polyethylene.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said polyolefin product has a multimodal weight distribution.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said polyolefin product has a bimodal weight distribution.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said device comprises at least one extruder or at least one mixer.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said device comprises at least two extruders connected in series claim 1 , or at least two mixers connected in series claim 1 , or a combination thereof.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of said first HMW polyolefin resin to said second LMW polyolefin resin in said polyolefin product is between 0.20 and 5.9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein at least 10% by weight of the first HMW polyolefin resin is introduced in the first feeding zone.10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein at least 10% by weight of the second LMW polyolefin resin is introduced in the ...

Double Loop Technology

A method for the copolymerization of ethylene and a C olefin in a loop reactor and polymers formed therefrom are described herein. The method generally includes introducing an ethylene monomer, a C olefin and a diluent carrier liquid into a loop reactor. A catalyst system can be supplied to said loop reactor. The diluent liquid, ethylene monomer, and C olefin can be circulated through said loop reactor, while copolymerizing said ethylene and C olefin in the presence of said catalyst system to produce a slurry. The slurry can be diverted into a settling leg, and sequentially discharged therefrom and withdrawn from said loop reactor. An ethylene monomer co-feed can be introduced into said loop reactor at spaced locations downstream of the ethylene and diluent. The ethylene co-feed can be introduced in an amount effective to reduce the variation in the ratio of ethylene and C olefin. 111-. (canceled)12. A method for controlling the injection of catalyst slurry in a polymerization reactor , wherein polyethylene is prepared , said catalyst slurry comprising solid catalyst in a hydrocarbon diluent , the method comprising:providing solid catalyst and a hydrocarbon diluent in one or more storage vessels such that a catalyst slurry is obtained in said one or more storage vessels,transferring said catalyst slurry from said one or more storage vessels to a mixing vessel wherein said catalyst slurry is diluted for obtaining a suitable concentration for use in a polymerization reaction,pumping said diluted catalyst slurry at a controlled flow rate from said mixing vessel to said polymerization reactor through one or more conduits, by means of a pumping means, provided in each of said conduits, and the dilution being adapted to the pumping means.13. The method according to wherein said catalyst is a metallocene catalyst.14. The method of wherein the metallocene catalyst is a supported metallocene catalyst.15. The method according to wherein said catalyst slurry is diluted with ...

GLASS OR GLASS-CERAMIC PRODUCT WITH HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESISTANT LOW-ENERGY LAYER

A product having a glass or glass-ceramic substrate is provided. The substrate is exposable to temperatures in a range of up to 700° C. and has, at least on one surface, a self-cleaning and/or dirt-repellent layer for improving cleanability. The layer is high-temperature resistant, as well as resistant to mechanical stresses. The layer includes at least one of the metal oxides of elements Hf, Y, Zr, or Ce in an at least partially nanocrystalline structure as a basic material, and at least one further metal cation of any of elements Ca, Ce, Y, K, Li, Mg, Sr, and Gd. 118-. (canceled)19. A product comprising:a glass or glass-ceramic substrate; andan inorganic layer at least partially provided on the substrate so that the layer has a surface that forms at least a portion of an outer surface of the product, the layer including a metal oxide and has an at least partially nanocrystalline structure, the layer comprising at least one metal oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of Hf, Y, Zr, and Ce as a basic material, wherein the layer further comprises at least one metal cation of an element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Ce, Y, K, Li, Mg, Sr, and Gd, and, due to the at least one further metal cation, provides a thermo-catalytic function.20. The product as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the layer further comprises a refractive index that ranges from 1.65 to 2.2; a low surface energy claim 19 , with a polar fraction of less than 10 mN/m and a disperse fraction of less than 35 mN/m; a surface with a contact angle to water of greater than 80° such that the layer is hydrophobic; a residual porosity of less than 25 percent by volume; pores in a form of bottleneck-shaped mesopores or micropores claim 19 , with an average pore diameter of less than 10 nm; a surface roughness of less than 10 nm; and a transmittance of more than 80% for electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range from 380 nm to 1 mm.21. The product as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the ...

Process for Monomer Recovery From a Polymerization Process

The present relates to a process for optimizing the recovery of unreacted monomers from a polymerization process, wherein said process comprises the steps of 116-. (canceled)17. A process for recovering unreacted monomers from a gas phase polymerization process comprising:recovering a fluid stream generated by separation of a polyolefin product from a polymerization fluid comprising unreacted monomers and optionally comonomers by purging the polymerization product with an inert gas;{'sub': '4-10', 'contacting the fluid stream comprising the unreacted monomers, the inert gas and optionally the comonomers in an absorption zone with a scrub liquid comprising at least one Chydrocarbon, thereby absorbing at least a portion of the unreacted monomers in the scrub liquid;'}{'sub': '4-10', 'withdrawing from the absorption zone: (i) a vapor overhead comprising the inert gas, and (ii) an absorber bottoms scrub liquid comprising the Chydrocarbon and the unreacted monomers; and'}{'sub': '4-10', 'forming a flashed stream by flashing the absorber bottoms scrub liquid to a reduced pressure, and separating the flashed stream into a vapor containing the unreacted monomers and a liquid comprising the Chydrocarbon.'}18. The process of claim 17 , wherein the Chydrocarbon is selected from hexane claim 17 , hexene-1 claim 17 , or octane.19. The process of claim 17 , wherein the vapor containing the unreacted monomers is compressed and recycled to the polymerization process.20. The process of claim 17 , wherein the liquid comprising the Chydrocarbon is cooled and pumped back to the absorption zone as the scrub liquid.21. The process of claim 17 , wherein the fluid stream comprising the unreacted monomers claim 17 , the inert gas and optionally the comonomers is compressed and cooled prior to treatment in the absorption zone. The present invention relates generally to olefin polymerization. In particular, the present relates to a process for optimizing the recovery of unreacted monomers ...

Method for evaluating an output of a random generator

A method and an assemblage for checking an output of a random generator are presented. In the method, signatures that are respectively created from a sequence of sampled values are compared with one another. 1. A method for checking an output of a random generator that is constructed as a ring oscillator , including an assemblage for testing , the method comprising:providing an output of the random generator that is made up of a sequence of sampled values, in which all of the sampled values between a starting value and a final value in one cycle enter into a signature;comparing signatures of at least two cycles with one another; andensuring that the number of sampled values between a starting value and a final value of the at least two cycles is identical.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein an MISR that creates a signature from a sequence of sampled values is used to create the signature.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a counter of the transitions of each bit value claim 1 , which creates a signature from a sequence of sampled values claim 1 , is used for signature creation.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a counter of the numbers of ones of each bit value claim 1 , which creates a signature from a sequence of samples values claim 1 , is used for signature creation.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the starting value corresponds to the final value.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein a post-processing is carried out after testing.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a check is made as to whether the starting value is valid.8. The method of wherein an entropy counter is incremented when it is ascertained that the at least two signatures are different.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein a warning counter is incremented when it is ascertained that the at least two signatures are identical.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a check is made at to whether the first sampled value after the starting value differs from that starting value.11. An assemblage for testing an ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINK INCLUDING A DIRECT CURRENT HIGH VOLTAGE LINE

The invention relates to a method for controlling an electrical transmission link () between first and second AC voltage buses () comprising a high-voltage DC line (), first and second AC/DC converters () connected to the high-voltage DC line (), comprising: 1. A method for controlling an electrical transmission link between first and second AC voltage buses connected respectively to first and second AC voltage areas of an electrical transmission grid , the transmission link comprising a high-voltage DC line , a first AC/DC converter connected firstly to the first bus and secondly to the high-voltage DC line , and a second AC/DC converter connected firstly to the second bus and secondly to the high-voltage DC line , the method comprising:retrieving a setpoint active power value (Pdc0) applied to the first or to the second converter;retrieving the instantaneous values V1 and V2 of the voltages on the first and second buses, respectively; {'br': None, 'i': Pdc=ΔPdc', '+ΔPdc, 'sub': s', 'a, 'Δ'}, 'wherein the setpoint active power of the first or of the second converter is modified by a value including a term ΔPdc, so as to impose new dynamics on the grid including the first and second areas, where{'sub': 's', 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'i': 'Pdc', 'sub': 'a', 'Δ=λδ*(δref−δ)'}, 'Where ΔPdcis a synchronization termwhere δ=δ1−δ2 is the phase offset between the voltages of the first and second buses for the retrieved instantaneous values, δ1 is the angle of the voltage on the first bus, δ2 is the angle of the voltage on the second bus, δref is an initial phase offset value between the voltages of the first and second buses, λδ is an amplification gain;{'sub': 'a', 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'i': 'Pdc', 'sub': 'a', 'Δ=λω*(ω1−ω2)'}, 'where ΔPdcis a damping term{'b': 1', '2, 'where ω1 is the electrical angular frequency of the area , ω2 is the electrical angular frequency of the area , λω is an amplification gain.'}2. The control method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ...

OPTICAL LAYERED COMPOSITE HAVING A REDUCED CONTENT OF HIGHLY REFRACTIVE LAYERS AND ITS APPLICATION IN AUGMENTED REALITY

An optical layered composite includes: a substrate having a front face, a back face, a thickness ds between the front face and the back face and a refractive index n; and a coating applied to the front face. The coating comprises a group A of coating layers having a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a group B of coating layers having a refractive index of less than 1.7. The sum of the thicknesses of the layers of the group A is at most 55% of the total thickness dof the coating. 1. An optical layered composite , comprising:{'sub': 's', 'a substrate having a front face, a back face, a thickness ds between the front face and the back face and a refractive index n; and'}{'sub': 'c', 'a coating applied to the front face, the coating comprising a group A of coating layers having a refractive index of 1.7 or more and a group B of coating layers having a refractive index of less than 1.7, a sum of thicknesses of the layers of the group A being at most 55% of the total thickness dof the coating.'}2. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the coating fulfils at least one of the following criteria:a total thickness of less than 85 nm for coating layers comprising nitrogen;a total thickness of less than 85 nm for coating layers comprising nitride;{'sub': 3', '4, 'a total thickness of less than 85 nm for coating layers comprising SiN;'}a total thickness of less than 85 nm for coating layers comprising AlN;{'sub': '2', 'a total thickness of less than 85 nm for coating layers comprising crystalline TiO;'}or{'sub': '2', 'a total thickness of less than 85 nm for coating layers comprising TiO.'}3. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a refractive index of 1.6 or more.4. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following is satisfied:{'sub': 's', 'the thickness dis in the range from 10 to 1500 μm;'}a radius of curvature is greater than 600 mm;an in-plane optical loss measured perpendicular to the front face ...

OPTICAL LAYERED COMPOSITE HAVING A COATING THICKNESS BELOW A THRESHOLD AND ITS APPLICATION IN AUGMENTED REALITY

An optical layered composite includes: a substrate having a front face, a back face, a thickness dbetween the front face and the back face and a refractive index n; and a coating applied to the front face. The coating comprises one or more coating layers. For at least one wavelength λin the range from 390 nm to 700 nm, the coating satisfies one of the following criterion: nn, and 2. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises a group A of one or more coating layers having a refractive index of at least 1.7 and a group B of one or more coating layers having a refractive index below 1.7.3. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a refractive index of 1.6 or more.4. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following is satisfied:{'sub': 's', 'the thickness dis in the range from 10 to 1500 μm;'}a radius of curvature is greater than 600 mm;an in-plane optical loss measured perpendicular to the front face is at most 20%;a surface roughness of the substrate is less than 5 nm;a surface roughness of the coating is less than 5 nm;a total thickness variation is less than 5 μm;a maximum local thickness variation over 75% of the front face is less than 5 μm;a warp is less than 350 μm; ora bow is less than 300 μm.5. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises a coating layer having a refractive index in the range from 1.70 to 2.60.6. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises a coating layer having a refractive index in the range from 1.37 to 1.60.7. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is selected from glass claim 1 , polymer claim 1 , optoceramics or crystals.8. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , further comprising a device for coupling light into or decoupling light out of the optical layered composite.9. The optical layered composite of claim 1 , wherein the optical layered composite is ...

ELEMENT COMPRISING A TRANSPARENT SUBSTRATE AND A MULTI-LAYER WEAR PROTECTION COATING WITH ADJUSTED REFLECTANCE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

A transparent wear-resistant, in particular scratch and/or impact-resistant, element is provided. The element includes a substrate, a layer system on a first surface of the substrate, and a reflectance at a second surface of the substrate of 2% in a visible spectral range of wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm. The glass or glass ceramic substrate is transparent in the visible spectral range. The layer system has two successive layers deposited on the first surface, where the two successive layers are each made of inorganic compounds. The two successive layers include a first layer with a first refractive index (n) and a second layer with a second refractive index (n), where the second refractive index (n) is a value of at least 1.60. The first refractive index (n) is greater than the second refractive index (n) and a difference of the first and second refractive indices (n−n) is at least 0.05.

GLASS ARTICLE WITH LOW OPTICAL LOSS

The present invention relates to a glass article with low optical loss. The present invention also relates to the use of the glass article, in particular as optical waveguide, for example as light guide plate, in particular in augmented reality devices. 2. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article is a glass wafer.3. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article has a thickness of from 0.10 mm to 2.0 mm.4. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article has a diameter of from 100 mm to 500 mm.5. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article has a warp of less than 100 μm.6. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein a refractive index n of the glass at a wavelength of 450 nm is in a range of from 1.45 to 2.45.7. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein a total thickness variation (TTV) of the glass article is less than 2 μm.8. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article has a surface roughness Rin a range of from 0.1 nm to 5 nm.9. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article is characterized by absence of a secondary local maximum having a height Awhich is more than 50% of a height Aof a corresponding principal local maximum for any sequence max−min−maxwith x(max)>0.4 cm and with x(max)<2.0 cm in a logarithmic light intensity curve for at least one propagation angle θ in a range of from 65° to 80°.10. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein a Knoop hardness Hk of the glass is in a range of from 2 GPa to 10 GPa.11. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein a Young's modulus of the glass is in a range of from 60 GPa to 160 GPa.12. A glass article having a thickness t claim 1 , the glass article comprising:{'sub': 'Ic', '#text': 'a glass having a fracture toughness Kof more than 0.4 MPa·√m;'}wherein the glass article is characterized by a course of light intensity upon propagation of light having a wavelength of 450 nm inside the glass article based on total internal reflection at a propagation angle θ formed ...

SUBSTRATE WITH ANTIREFLECTION COATING AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

A substrate is provided with an abrasion resistance antireflection coating. The coated substrate includes a multilayer antireflection coating on at least one side. The coating has layers with different refractive indices, wherein higher refractive index layers alternate with lower refractive index layers. The layers having a lower refractive index are formed of silicon oxide with a proportion of aluminum, with a ratio of the amounts of aluminum to silicon is greater than 0.05, preferably greater than 0.08, but with the amount of silicon predominant relative to the amount of aluminum. The layers having a higher refractive index include a silicide, an oxide, or a nitride. 1. A method for producing a coated substrate , comprising:depositing a multilayer antireflection coating to at least one side of a substrate, the coating comprising successively deposited layers having different refractive indices, with layers having a higher refractive index alternating with layers having a lower refractive index,wherein the layers having the lower refractive index are formed of silicon oxide with a proportion of aluminum and a ratio of aluminum to silicon that is greater than 0.05, but with an amount of silicon predominant relative to an amount of aluminum, andwherein the layers having the higher refractive index comprise a material selected from the group consisting of silicide, oxide, and nitride.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ratio is greater than 0.08.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of depositing comprises sputtering.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of depositing comprises magnetron sputtering with a pulsed field exciting of a plasma and having a power density of at least 100 watts per square centimeter of a target surface.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plasma is maintained in intervals between pulses.6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of depositing the multilayer ...

Automated drone systems

An automated drone security system for surveilling a location includes one or more drones with onboard sensors and an imaging device for measuring surveillance data. The surveillance data may include images, telemetry data, infrared data, or other detectable information of the location. Drones may be capable of executing one or multiple flight operations as well as storing and transmitting the surveillance data to a server assembly operable for coordinating the drone and receiving the surveillance data. A drone dock may be included for drone launching, landing, and/or storing the drones. A user computing device may be in communication with the server assembly and the drone(s), the user computing device being capable of receiving user input and displaying surveillance data from the drone. Flight operations associated with surveilling the location may be automatically and/or manually controlled by the user computing device and/or or the server assembly in connection with the location.

A bandage securing device

A bandage securing device comprises a first sheet part and a second sheet part, and optionally also a third sheet part. The first and second sheet parts are connected to each other along a connection line extending in a width direction and arranged to overlap each other, thereby forming a jaw-like structure in a longitudinal direction. At least one of said first and second sheet parts, and possibly both, are provided with at least one first adherent fastening layer on an internal surface facing said overlap. Further, the bandage securing device comprises at least one second adherent fastening layer on an external surface, not facing said overlap, to detachably connect to the bandage. This second adherent fastening layer may be provided on one of the first and second sheet parts, and/or on the third sheet part.

Double Loop Technology

The present invention relates to an apparatus and process for polymerizing olefins. One embodiment comprises polymerizing at least one monomer in a first loop reactor in the presence of a catalyst to produce a first polyolefin fraction. A portion of the first polyolefin fraction is transferred to a second loop reactor, connected in series with the first loop reactor. The process further comprises polymerizing in the second loop reactor at least one monomer in the presence of a catalyst to produce a second polyolefin fraction in addition to the first polyolefin fraction. The combination of the first and second polyolefin fractions can produce a polymer resin fluff having bimodal molecular weight distribution. 123-. (canceled)24. A process comprising:polymerizing olefin monomers in two liquid full loop reactors connected in series in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system to form a polyolefin, wherein different molecular weight fractions are produced in the presence of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system;{'sub': '50', 'characterized in that the Ziegler-Natta catalyst has a particle size distribution dof less than 20 μm and greater than 5 μm.'}25. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the Ziegler-Natta catalyst has a dof less than 15 μm.26. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the Ziegler-Natta catalyst has a dof greater than 8 μm.27. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the polyolefin has a particle size distribution of less than 500 μm.28. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the polyolefin is a polypropylene.29. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the polyolefin is a polyethylene.30. The process according to claim 29 , wherein the polyethylene has a molecular weight distribution of greater than 15.31. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the olefins comprise ethylene and comonomers claim 24 , and wherein the ethylene is injected with the comonomers in a first liquid full loop reactor of the two liquid full loop ...

ELECTRICAL STORAGE SYSTEM INCLUDING A SHEET-LIKE DISCRETE ELEMENT, SHEET-LIKE DISCRETE ELEMENT, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND USE THEREOF

An electrical storage element is provided that includes at least one discrete sheet-like element with increased transparency to high-energy electrical radiation. Discrete sheet-like elements exhibiting increased transparency to high-energy electrical radiation and the manufacturing thereof are also provided. 1. An electrical storage system , comprising:a sheet-like discrete element,wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a transmittance selected from the group consisting of: 0.1% or more in a range from 200 nm to 270 nm at a thickness of 30 μm, more than 0.5% at 222 nm at a thickness of 30 μm, more than 0.3% at 248 nm at a thickness of 30 μm, more than 3% at 282 nm at a thickness of 30 μm, more than 50% at 308 nm at a thickness of 30 μm, more than 88% at 351 nm at a thickness of 30 μm, 0.1% or more from 200 nm to 270 nm at a thickness of 100 μm, more than 0.5% at 222 nm at a thickness of 100 μm, more than 0.3% at 248 nm at a thickness of 100 μm, more than 0.1% at 282 nm at a thickness of 100 μm, more than 30% at 308 nm at a thickness of 100 μm, more than 88% at 351 nm at a thickness of 100 μm, andwherein the sheet-like discrete element has a thickness variation of not more than 25 μm based on wafer or substrate sizes in a range of >100 mm in diameter.2. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transmittance is 15% or more in the range from 200 nm to 270 nm at a thickness of 30 μm.3. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thickness variation is not more than 5 μm.4. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element exhibits a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of <10g/(m·d).5. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a thickness of less than 2 mm.6. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a thickness of less than or equal to 100 μm.7. The electrical ...

ELECTRICAL STORAGE SYSTEM INCLUDING A SHEET-LIKE DISCRETE ELEMENT, SHEET-LIKE DISCRETE ELEMENT, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND USE THEREOF

An electrical storage element is provided that includes a discrete sheet-like element with particularly low transparency to high-energy electrical radiation, preferably in a range of wavelengths from 200 to 400 nm, and to the manufacturing thereof, and also relates to a discrete sheet-like element that exhibits particularly low transparency for high-energy electromagnetic radiation, preferably in a range of wavelengths from 200 to 400 nm, and to the manufacturing thereof. 2. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transmittance is selected from the group consisting of 15% or less in the range from 200 nm to 270 nm at a thickness of 30 μm claim 1 , 10% or less at 282 nm at a thickness of 30 μm claim 1 , and 80% or less at 308 nm a thickness of 30 μm.3. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element exhibits a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of <10g/(m·d).4. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a thickness of less than 2 mm.5. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a thickness of less than or equal to 100 μm.6. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a specific electrical resistance at a temperature of 350° C. and at alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz of greater than 1.0*10Ohm·cm.7. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element exhibits a maximum load temperature θof at least 300° C.8. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a coefficient of linear thermal expansion α in a range from 2.0*10/K to 10*10/K.9. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element has a maximum load temperature θof at least 300° C. claim 1 , a coefficient of linear thermal expansion α ...

ELECTRICAL STORAGE SYSTEM WITH A SHEET-LIKE DISCRETE ELEMENT, SHEET-LIKE DISCRETE ELEMENT, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND USE THEREOF

An electrical storage system is provided that has a thickness of less than 2 mm and includes comprises at least one sheet-like discrete element. At least one surface of the at least one sheet-like discrete element is designed to be chemically reactive to a reduced degree, inert, and/or permeable to a reduced degree, and/or impermeable with respect to materials coming into contact with the surface. Also provided are a sheet-like discrete element and to the production and use thereof. 2. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass further comprises from 0 to 1 wt % of refining agents selected from the group consisting of SnO claim 1 , CeO claim 1 , AsO claim 1 , Cl claim 1 , F claim 1 , and sulfates.3. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer comprises a vertical composition variation of the surface so as to provide no direct diffusion paths into the sheet-like discrete element.4. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the vertical composition variation comprises getter materials for alkali and/or alkaline earth metals.5. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the vertical composition variation comprises a sequence of at least adjacent layers having a different composition.6. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer is a plasma-assisted coating or an atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating.7. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer has a barrier effect initiated by a separate annealing step prior to application of a current conductor or an anode.8. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer has a barrier effect initiated during annealing of an anode.9. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like discrete element comprises a substrate having a transmittance selected from the group consisting of: 0.1% or more in a ...

OPHTHALMOLOGICAL LASER THERAPY DEVICE FOR PRODUCING CORNEAL ACCESS INCISIONS

An ophthalmological laser therapy device having a pulsed laser, a positioning system and a control system that produce incisions in a tissue of an eye, in particular for producing corneal access incisions and a corresponding method. The invention produces corneal access incisions having increased leak tightness under external influences. Compressive strength, and complex incision geometries can be realized. An ophthalmological laser therapy device has a control system which is programmed to vary the operating parameters of the laser system and/or of the positioning system on the basis of a local position of the focal volume of a laser beam in the corneal tissue such that the access incision in the corneal tissue is varied and/or interrupted in the width of the access incision. The invention further includes a corresponding computer program product and a method for performing a corneal access incision in a corneal tissue of an eye. 111-. (canceled)12. An ophthalmological laser therapy device , comprising:a laser system that generates a pulsed laser beam;a positioning system that spatially displaces a focal volume of the laser beam into a target region;a control system that controls working parameters of the positioning system, working parameters of the laser system or both the working parameters of the positioning system and the working parameters of the laser system;wherein the control system is programmed to generate a corneal access incision in corneal tissue of an eye through photodisruption, to modify the working parameters of the laser system, the working parameters of the positioning system or both the working parameters of the positioning system and the working parameters of the laser system as a function of a spatial position of the focal volume of the laser beam in the corneal tissue, such that the access incision varies in terms of width in the corneal tissue, is interrupted or the access incision both varies in terms of the width in the corneal tissue and ...

COMPOSITE WORKPIECE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING, DEVICE AND USE OF SUCH A COMPOSITE WORKPIECE

At least one composite workpiece includes: a substrate body including at least one first surface and at least one second surface, the at least one first surface of the substrate body being shaped convexly at least in areas and the at least one second surface of the substrate body being shaped concavely at least in areas, and the at least one composite workpiece has a bow with an absolute value of between 0.1 μm and 50 μm due to the curved shape of the at least one first surface and the at least one second surface; and at least one first coating, at least the at least one first surface of the substrate body being coated at least in areas with the first coating. 1. At least one composite workpiece , comprising:a substrate body comprising at least one first surface and at least one second surface, the at least one first surface of the substrate body being shaped convexly at least in areas and the at least one second surface of the substrate body being shaped concavely at least in areas, and the at least one composite workpiece has a bow with an absolute value of between 0.1 μm and 50 μm due to the curved shape of the at least one first surface and the at least one second surface; andat least one first coating, at least the at least one first surface of the substrate body being coated at least in areas with the first coating.2. The at least one composite workpiece of claim 1 , wherein the substrate body is a wafer.3. The at least one composite workpiece of claim 1 , wherein the substrate body has the bow.4. The at least one composite workpiece of claim 1 , wherein the first coating at least one of:(i) comprises an anti-reflective coating;{'sub': 3', '4', '2', '2', '5', '2', '2', '5', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '5', '2', '2', '5', '2', '2', '2', '2, '(ii) comprises at least one of: (a) SiN, ZrO, TaO, HfO, NbO, TiO, SnO, indium tin oxide, ZnO, AN, a mixed oxide comprising at least one thereof, a mixed nitride comprising at least one thereof, or a mixed oxide nitride ...

Double Loop Technology

The present invention relates to an apparatus and process for polymerizing olefins. One embodiment comprises polymerizing at least one monomer in a first loop reactor in the presence of a catalyst to produce a first polyolefin fraction. A portion of the first polyolefin fraction is transferred to a second loop reactor, connected in series with the first loop reactor. The process further comprises polymerizing in the second loop reactor at least one monomer in the presence of a catalyst to produce a second polyolefin fraction in addition to the first polyolefin fraction. The combination of the first and second polyolefin fractions can produce a polymer resin fluff having bimodal molecular weight distribution. 123-. (canceled)24. A process comprising:polymerizing olefin monomers in the presence of an anti-fouling agent and a chromium-type catalyst, a late Transition Metal type catalyst, or a Ziegler Natta catalyst;{'sub': 'w', 'claim-text': [{'sub': 2', '2', 'k, 'one or more blocks —(CHCHO)—, wherein each k ranges from 1 to 50; and'}, {'sub': 2', 'n, 'one or more blocks —(CH—CH(R)—O)—, wherein each R comprises an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and each n ranges from 1 to 50, wherein the anti-fouling polymer is terminated by R′ and R″ end groups, wherein R′ is OH or an alkoxy having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R″ is H or an alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.'}], 'wherein the anti-fouling agent comprises an anti-fouling polymer having an average molecular weight (M) of greater than 1000 daltons and containing25. The process of claim 24 , wherein R is methyl.26. The process of claim 24 , wherein the anti-fouling agent is liquid at room temperature.27. The process of claim 24 , wherein the anti-fouling polymer has a molecular weight (M) of at least about 2000.28. The process of claim 24 , wherein the ends of the anti-fouling polymer are hydrophilic.29. The process of claim 24 , wherein the anti-fouling agent comprises a block copolymer having general ...

VIBRATION EXCITER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A CONSTRUCTION MACHINE

The invention relates to a vibration exciter, in particular for a construction machine, having at least one rotatably supported unbalanced unit with at least one unbalanced element, a rotary drive, a gear arrangement with at least one gear wheel, wherein a rotation generated by the rotary drive can be transmitted by means of the gear arrangement to the at least one unbalanced unit, and a housing, in which the gear arrangement is accommodated. In accordance with the invention an energy-saving and low-maintenance arrangement is achieved in that by means of the gear arrangement an output shaft can be driven that extends out of the housing and in that the at least one unbalanced element is fixed outside of the housing on the output shaft. 2. Vibration exciter according to claim 1 ,whereinat least one first unbalanced unit and at least one second unbalanced unit are provided for forming a pair of unbalanced units andthe unbalanced units of a pair each have an output shaft which are driven with a different direction of rotation.3. Vibration exciter according to claim 1 ,whereinat least one output shaft of an unbalanced unit extends on both sides out of the housing anda first unbalanced element is arranged on a first end side of the output shaft and a second unbalanced element is arranged on an opposite lying second end side of the output shaft of the unbalanced unit.4. Vibration exciter according to claim 2 ,whereinseveral pairs of unbalanced units are provided.5. Vibration exciter according to claim 1 ,whereinthe unbalanced elements of one unbalanced unit are arranged offset to the unbalanced elements of another unbalanced unit.6. Vibration exciter according to claim 1 ,whereinat least one unbalanced element is supported in a releasable and exchangeable manner on the output shaft.7. Vibration exciter according to claim 1 ,whereinfor the lubrication of the gear arrangement the housing is filled with gear oil.8. Vibration exciter according to claim 1 ,whereinan adjusting ...

METHOD FOR GENERATING A ONE-WAY FUNCTION

A method for generating a one-way function, as well as a circuit arrangement, which implements the one-way function, are set forth. 1. A method for generating a one-way function for a cryptographic function , comprising:performing an operation on two operands;dividing up a result of the operation into two partial results;comparing the two partial results to each other; andcombining the two partial results with one another as a function of the comparing.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the operation includes a multiplication of at least the two operands.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein in the case in which the two operands are zero claim 2 , a defined value is outputted.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein:in the case in which a first operand is zero, only a value of a second operand is modified according to a predetermined rule,the modification is selected such that for any arbitrary, second operand, all possible values occur when the second operand is varied in such a manner, that all possible values are assumed.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein:an operation is carried out on at least two operands, andfor any fixed value of a first operand, a second operand is able to be selected in such a manner, that any possible value of the result may be obtained.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:generating a table that represents the one-way function; andstoring the table in a memory array.7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one-way function is implemented by an electronic circuit arrangement.8. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein a weakness of the operands is taken into consideration.9. A circuit arrangement for generating a one-way function for a cryptographic function claim 1 , comprising:an arrangement for performing an operation on two operands;an arrangement for dividing up a result of the operation into two partial results;an arrangement for comparing the two partial results to ...

METHOD FOR GENERATING A RANDOM OUTPUT BIT SEQUENCE

A method and a device for generating a random output bit sequence are put forth. In the case of these, an input is inputted into a set-up of finite state machines. The set-up ascertains an output on the basis of the input; the input being inputted into the set-up, linked to a one-way function. 1. A method for generating a random output bit sequence , comprising:inputting an input into a set-up of finite state machines; andascertaining, by the set-up, an output based on the input;wherein the input that is input into the set-up is linked to a one-way function.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the input is additionally input directly into the set-up.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the set-up includes 2finite state machines which are each identically constructed claim 1 , the finite state machines each include n status bits; each of the finite state machines always assumes a different state from the other finite state machines of the set-up; on an input side claim 1 , the finite state machines are each supplied an identical input signal claim 1 , and as a function of their state claim 1 , each generate n signature bits claim 1 , which together form a signature bit sequence claim 1 , and the random output bit sequence is generated by selecting individual bits from the signature bit sequences of all of the finite state machines of the set-up.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein in several steps claim 1 , in each instance claim 1 , an input is inputted into the set-up claim 1 , linked to the one-way function.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein in each instance claim 4 , a parity is inserted into the input after a particular number of input steps.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein a multiplication is used as a one-way function.7. The method as recited in claim 6 , wherein a first operand is multiplied by a second operand claim 6 , the input being used as the first operand claim 6 , and an intermediate result of ...

COVER PANEL WITH COLOUR-NEUTRAL COATING

A cover panel for a fitout article or article of equipment for a kitchen or laboratory is provided. The cover panel includes a glass or glass ceramic substrate and a coating on one side of the substrate. The substrate and the coating together have a light transmittance of 1% to 70%. The coating has a colour locus in the CIELAB colour space within the range of coordinates L* of 20 to 65, a* of −6 to 6 and b* of −6 to 6. The colour locus of the D65 standard illuminant light, after passing through the substrate and the coating, is within a white region W1 determined in the chromaticity diagram CIExyY-2° by the following coordinates: 2. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the cover panel does not include a black-body compensation filter.3. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the colour locus in the CIELAB colour space has the coordinates 22≤L*≤35 claim 1 , with −4≤a*≤4 claim 1 , and with −4≤b*≤4.4. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the colour locus in the CIELAB colour space has the coordinates 45≤L*≤65 claim 1 , with −4≤a*≤4 claim 1 , and with −4≤b*≤4.6. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the substrate together with the coating has a transmission at a wavelength of 1500 nm of at least 30%.7. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the substrate together with the coating has a transmission at at least one wavelength in a range between 850 nm and 1000 nm of at least 3%8. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the substrate together with the coating has a transmission at at least one wavelength in a range between 3.25 μm and 4.25 μm of at least 10%.9. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a glass ceramic substrate having a coefficient of thermal expansion CTE between 20 and 300° C. of less than ±2.5×10/K10. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a glass substrate having a coefficient of thermal expansion CTE between 20 and 300° C. of 3.5 to 6×10/K and a glass transition temperature Tof 500 to 650° C.11. The cover panel of claim 1 , wherein ...

Pump assembly

A pump assembly includes a rotor axle, an impeller and a pump housing defining a radial inner reference surface. A drive motor includes a stator accommodated in stator housing and a rotor accommodated in a rotor can. A radial bearing ring is in sliding contact with the rotor axle. A bearing retainer engages the radial bearing ring and centers it with respect to the radial inner reference surface. A neck ring is coupled to the pump housing and has a circumferential wall section. The impeller is located axially between the bearing retainer and the neck ring. The circumferential wall section at least partially extends into the impeller or the impeller at least partially extends into the circumferential wall section. The circumferential wall section includes a cylindrical radial outer surface and a cylindrical radial inner surface. The radial outer surface is eccentric with respect to the radial inner surface.

Pump assembly

A pump assembly (1) includes a rotor axle (45) extending along a rotor axis (R), an impeller (12) fixed to the rotor axle (45), a pump housing (11) accommodating the impeller (12), and a drive motor with a stator (17) and a rotor (51). The rotor (51) is fixed to the rotor axle (45) for driving the impeller (12). A rotor can (57) accommodates the rotor (51). The rotor can (57) includes a rotor can flange (63). An electronics housing (13) has a cap (21) including a first material (139) forming a front face (19) of the cap (21). The front face (19) extends essentially perpendicular to the rotor axis (R). The first material (139) is at least partially overmolded with a second material (141) at an inner side of the cap (21). The second material (141) is more heat-conductive than the first material (139).

Double Loop Technology

The present invention relates to an apparatus and process for polymerizing olefins. One embodiment comprises polymerizing at least one monomer in a first loop reactor in the presence of a catalyst to produce a first polyolefin fraction. A portion of the first polyolefin fraction is transferred to a second loop reactor, connected in series with the first loop reactor. The process further comprises polymerizing in the second loop reactor at least one monomer in the presence of a catalyst to produce a second polyolefin fraction in addition to the first polyolefin fraction. The combination of the first and second polyolefin fractions can produce a polymer resin fluff having bimodal molecular weight distribution. 1. An apparatus for controlling the injection of catalyst slurry in a polymerization reactor wherein polyethylene is prepared , comprising:one or more storage vessels for storing catalyst slurry including solid catalyst in a hydrocarbon diluent, whereby each storage vessel is provided with means for transferring said catalyst slurry from said storage vessels to one or more mixing vessels,wherein each mixing vessel is connected with one of the one or more storage vessels by means of said transferring means, for diluting said catalyst slurry to a suitable concentration,one or more conduits connecting said one or more mixing vessels to a polymerization reactor for transferring said diluted catalyst slurry from said mixing vessel to said polymerization reactor, whereby each conduit is provided with a pumping means for pumping said catalyst slurry to said polymerization reactor, andthe dilution being adapted to the pumping means.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the pumping means is a membrane pump.3. The apparatus according to wherein the dilution being adapted to the pumping means comprises the solid catalyst diluted with the hydrocarbon diluent to a concentration between 0.1 and 1.5% by weight.4. The apparatus according to wherein said catalyst is a ...

MULTICARRIER TRANSMISSION

A multicarrier-radio transmitter has a digital signal processor to produce a multicarrier signal at IF, and a transmit amplifier circuit to amplify and transmit the multicarrier signal at RF. A feedback loop of the transmit amplifier circuit has a subtractor, an I/Q demodulator in the forward path, a loop-filter system in the forward path at baseband, an I/Q modulator in the forward path, a power amplifier in the forward path, a pick-off node to pick off the multicarrier RF signal, and a down converter in the reverse path to down-convert the picked-off multicarrier RF signal to IF. 1. A multicarrier-radio transmitter internally using at least three frequency levels , baseband , an intermediate frequency , IF , and a radio frequency , RF , and comprising:a digital signal processor to produce a multicarrier signal at the IF, anda transmit amplifier circuit to amplify and transmit the multicarrier signal at the RF, the transmit amplifier circuit forming a feedback loop comprising a forward path and a reverse path, wherein the multicarrier signal at the IF is an input signal to the transmit amplifier circuit; a subtractor to receive the multicarrier IF input signal from the digital signal processor and a fed-back signal from the reverse path at the IF and to provide a feedback-corrected signal at the IF;', 'an I/Q demodulator in the forward path to down-convert the feedback-corrected multicarrier signal from the IF to baseband;', 'a loop-filter system in the forward path at baseband;', 'an I/Q modulator in the forward path to up-convert the baseband multicarrier signal from baseband to the RF;', 'a power amplifier in the forward path to amplify the RF signal to be transmitted via an antenna;', 'a pick-off node to pick off the RF multicarrier signal after the power amplifier;', 'a down converter in the reverse path to down-convert the picked-off RF multicarrier signal from the RF to the IF., 'wherein the feedback loop comprises2. The multicarrier-radio transmitter ...

REACTOR FOR PREPARING POLYOLEFIN

The invention relates to a process for preparing polyolefin in a loop reactor. The polymer is prepared by polymerizing olefin monomers in the presence of a catalyst to produce a polyolefin slurry while pumping said slurry through said loop reactor by means of a pump. The present process is characterized in that the catalyst is fed in the loop reactor at a distance to the pump. The invention allows production of the polymer with advantageous properties while leading to fewer blockages of the reactor. 112-. (canceled)13. A loop reactor suitable for the polymerization of olefin monomer , wherein said loop reactor comprises:a plurality of interconnected pipes defining a reactor path for a polymer slurry, said polymer slurry comprising monomer, a catalyst, solid olefin polymer particles, optionally one or more co-monomer(s), optionally hydrogen, and an activating agent;a line adapted for feeding monomer, optionally one or more co-monomer(s) and optionally hydrogen into the loop reactor;a catalyst slurry storage tank;a line adapted for feeding catalyst slurry from the catalyst slurry storage tank into the loop reactor under diluent flushing at a rate of larger than 100 kg/h and lower than 250 kg/h and with a velocity at least 7 m/s and at most 40 m/s, and wherein a concentration of the catalyst in the catalyst slurry at a feeding site into the loop reactor is lower than 1.0% by weight;a line adapted for feeding an activating agent into the loop reactor, wherein the line adapted for feeding said catalyst slurry into the loop reactor is spatially separated from the line adapted for feeding the activating agent by a distance upstream or downstream of at least 15% of a length of the reactor path; anda pump suitable for maintaining the polymer slurry in circulation in said loop reactor, characterized in that said line adapted for feeding said catalyst into the loop reactor is spatially separated from the pump a distance upstream to the pump of at least 20% of the length of the ...

CONTROL DEVICE FOR A LASER SYSTEM, LASER SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE LASER SYSTEM

A control device for a laser system having a laser for introducing cuts into a lens of a human or animal eye configured to arrange and move a focal point of a laser beam of the laser within the lens, wherein the focal point can be moved for at least one cut for the fragmentation or segmentation of the lens into individual fragments or segments and can be moved according to a definable cutting pattern for the fine fragmentation of the lens, determine an individual one of the segments, and move, for the fine fragmentation within the determined segment, the focal point in a radial direction at most up to a distance greater than zero from an edge of the lens. 1. A control device for a laser system having a laser for introducing cuts into a lens of a human or animal eye , the control device being configured to:arrange and move a focal point of a laser beam of the laser within the lens, wherein the focal point can be moved for at least one cut for the fragmentation or segmentation of the lens into individual fragments or segments and can be moved according to a definable cutting pattern for the fine fragmentation of the lens;determine an individual one of the segments; andmove, for the fine fragmentation within the determined segment, the focal point in a radial direction at most up to a distance greater than zero from an edge of the lens.2. The control device according to claim 1 , further configured to capture the edge or a central point of the lens and claim 1 ,move, for the fine fragmentation within the segment, the focal point up to a definable radial distance from the edge or central point.3. The control device according to claim 2 , further configured to capture a radius of a nucleus of the lens claim 2 , wherein the radial distance is set as greater than or equal to a distance between the edge and the nucleus.4. The control device according to claim 3 , wherein the radial distance is set as greater than the distance between the edge and the nucleus.5. The control ...

ELECTRICAL STORAGE SYSTEM COMPRISING A SHEET-TYPE DISCRETE ELEMENT, DISCRETE SHEET-TYPE ELEMENT, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND USE THEREOF

An electrical storage system is provided that has a thickness of less than 2 mm, where the system includes at least one sheet-type discrete element, the sheet-type discrete element exhibiting high resistance to an attack of alkali metals or alkali metal ions, in particular lithium, wherein the sheet-type discrete element has a low content of TiO, the TiOcontent preferably being less than 2 wt %, preferably less than 0.5 wt %, and preferably free of TiO. 2. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising additional constituents in the form of impurities or of necessary processing-related additives and/or refining agents claim 1 , with a total of the additional constituents amounting to not more than 2 wt %.3. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the compositional range comprises range No. 1 and wherein the BaO content is between 3 wt % and 8 wt %.4. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-type discrete element has an LiO content of at least 0.1 wt %.5. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one sheet-type discrete element has at least one surface that is inert and/or permeable to a reduced degree and/or impermeable to materials coming into contact with the at least one surface.6. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the at least one surface is a barrier layer.7. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the barrier layer is a barrier against a diffusion of metals.8. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the barrier layer is a barrier against a diffusion of alkali metals.9. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the barrier layer is formed by doping or overdoping with at least one alkali metal.10. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the barrier layer is a barrier to lithium.11. The electrical storage system as claimed in claim 1 , ...

ELECTRICAL STORAGE SYSTEM COMPRISING A DISC-SHAPED DISCRETE ELEMENT, DISCRETE ELEMENT, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND USE THEREOF

An electrical storage system is provided that has a thickness of less than 2 mm, which includes at least one sheet-type discrete element. The sheet-type discrete element exhibits high resistance against an attack of transition metals or transition metal ions, in particular titanium, wherein the sheet-type discrete element contains titanium. The invention also relates to a sheet-type discrete element for use in an electrical storage system, which exhibits high resistance to the attack of transition metals or of transition metal ions, in particular titanium. 1. A sheet-type discrete element comprising a composition , in wt % , of:{'sub': '2', 'SiO30 to 85'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'BO3 to 20'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'AlO0 to 15'}{'sub': '2', 'NaO 3 to 15'}{'sub': '2', 'KO 3 to 15'}ZnO 0 to 12{'sub': '2', 'TiOgreater than or equal to 2 to 10, and'}CaO 0 to 0.1.2. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a thickness variation of not more than 25 μm based on wafer or substrate sizes in a range of >100 mm in diameter.3. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a thickness of less than 2 mm.4. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a thickness of not more than 100 μm.5. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of <10g/(m·d).6. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a specific electrical resistance at a temperature of 350° C. and at alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz of greater than 1.0*10Ohm·cm.7. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a maximum load temperature θof at least 400° C.8. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a coefficient of linear thermal expansion a in a range from 2.0*10/K to 10*10/K.9. The sheet-type discrete element as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a coefficient of ...

Liquid patient interface

A liquid-patient interface for fixing the relative geometric position and orientation of a patient's eye with respect to a laser applicator of an ophthalmological laser therapy system. The liquid-patient interface includes a lens element and a cone element, wherein the lens element is inserted into the cone element and permanently connected to the cone element such that the liquid-patient interface has an integral configuration. The invention furthermore relates to a corresponding production method for such a liquid-patient interface. The liquid-patient interface, the lens element of which is embodied in one piece and contains an optical zone, which has a lens function, and an envelope region, adjoining the optical zone, having a defined height not equal to zero and having an upper edge, wherein the upper edge of the lens element facilitates a direct connection to the laser applicator.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING A TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

Embodiments relate to an apparatus for monitoring a telecommunication network including one or more telecommunication channels. The apparatus includes a processor configured after executing computer code to design a convolutional neural network configured for determining an impairment type of a telecommunication channel as a function of a channel frequency response of the telecommunication channel, by selecting at least one of a number of convolutional layers, a number of filters for respective convolutional layers, and/or a size of filters for respective convolutional layers; and train the convolutional neural network based on training data specifying, for respective telecommunication channels, a channel frequency response and an associated impairment type. 1. Apparatus for monitoring a telecommunication network including one or more telecommunication channels , the apparatus comprising:a memory storing computer code; and designing a convolutional neural network configured for determining an impairment type of a telecommunication channel as a function of a channel frequency response of said telecommunication channel, by selecting at least one of a number of convolutional layers, a number of filters for respective convolutional layers, and/or a size of filters for respective convolutional layers, and', 'training said convolutional neural network based on training data specifying, for respective telecommunication channels, a channel frequency response and an associated impairment type., 'a processor configured to execute the computer code which configures the processor to'}2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the designing a convolutional neural network comprises selecting at least one of said number of convolutional layers claim 1 , said number of filters and/or said size of filters as a function of analysis results of channel frequency responses for a plurality of telecommunication channels.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the computer ...

SCRATCH-RESISTANT COATINGS, SUBSTRATES HAVING SCRATCH-RESISTANT COATINGS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING SAME

A substrate having a coating for enhanced scratch resistance is provided. The coating includes at least one high refractive index transparent hard material layer. The hard material layer includes crystalline aluminum nitride having a hexagonal crystal structure that exhibits a predominant (001) preferred orientation of the hexagonal symmetry. 1. A coated substrate comprisinga substrate;a coating for enhanced scratch resistance, the coating comprising at least one high refractive index transparent hard material layer, wherein the hard material layer includes crystalline aluminum nitride and wherein the aluminum nitride has a hexagonal crystal structure exhibiting a predominant (001) preferred orientation of hexagonal symmetry.2. The coated substrate as in claim 1 , wherein the hexagonal crystal structure exhibits the (001) preferred orientation claim 1 ,{'br': None, 'i': x', 'I', 'I', 'I, '(001)=(001)/((001)+(100))'}{'br': None, 'and/or'}{'br': None, 'i': y', 'I', 'I', 'I, '(001)=(001)/((001)+(101)),'}as determined by an XRD measurement of the coating, that is greater than 0.53. The coated substrate as in claim 1 , wherein the coating has a modulus of elasticity at a test load of 10 mN from 80 to 250 Gpa.4. The coated substrate as in claim 1 , wherein the coating has a ratio of hardness to a modulus of elasticity at a test load of 10 mN that is at least 0.08.5. The coated substrate as in claim 1 , wherein the hexagonal crystal structure has an average crystallite size that is at most 25 nm.6. The coated substrate as in claim 1 , wherein the aluminum nitride of the hard material layer is doped with one or more nitrides and/or carbides and/or carbonitrides of elements selected from the group consisting of silicon claim 1 , boron claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , and carbon.7. The coated substrate as in claim 1 , wherein the hard material layer has an aluminum content claim 1 , based on dopant material claim 1 , that is ...

Control device and method for calibrating a laser system

A control device for performing relative calibration of a position of a focal point of a laser, the laser being configured to introduce cuts into tissue. The control device is configured to capture the actual geometry or the actual position of a calibration cut present in the tissue and calibrate the position of the focal point on the basis of the actual geometry or the actual position of the calibration cut.

Process for Preparing Ziegler-Natta Produced Polyethylene Blends

A process for preparing a multimodal polyethylene product with at least two different polyethylene resins includes producing a first polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in a reactor. The Ziegler-Natta catalyst used for the production of the first polyethylene resin has an average particle size (D50) of at most 15 μm. The process includes separately producing a second polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in a reactor. The process includes physically blending together the first and second polyethylene resins to produce a multimodal polyethylene product. 111-. (canceled)12. A process for preparing a multimodal polyethylene product , said multimodal polyethylene product comprising at least two different polyethylene resins , the process comprising:(a) producing a first polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in a reactor;(b) separately producing a second polyethylene resin in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the reactor or a separate reactor; and(c) physically blending together said first polyethylene resin and said second polyethylene resin to produce the multimodal polyethylene product;wherein the Ziegler-Natta catalyst used for the production of said first polyethylene resin has an average particle size (D50) of at most 15 μm, with the D50 being measured by laser diffraction analysis on a Malvern type analyzer.13. The process of claim 12 , wherein step (c) is performed in a device adapted to continuously melt and blend the first polyethylene resin and the second polyethylene resin.14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the device is an extruder claim 13 , a mixer claim 13 , or combinations thereof.15. The process of claim 12 , wherein the Ziegler-Natta catalyst used for the production of said first polyethylene resin has an average particle size (D50) of at most 13 μm claim 12 , with the D50 being measured by laser diffraction analysis on a Malvern type analyzer.16. The process of ...

Shower Patch Barrier Devices

A medical device suitable for assisting in liquid proof shielding of a catheter application area on the body of a living creature is described. The device comprises a base element tightly placeable on a body area near the catheter application area, and a top element connectable with the base element. One of the base element or the top element is an element comprising a slit for holding a catheter tube or infusion line and the other element comprising a protrusion for closing the slit and for forming a feedthrough for the catheter when the elements are connected. A first portion for tightly fitting and a second portion for forming a liquid sealing element for the catheter is used.

SUBSTRATE WITH ANTIREFLECTION COATING AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

A substrate is provided with an abrasion resistance antireflection coating. The coated substrate includes a multilayer antireflection coating on at least one side. The coating has layers with different refractive indices, wherein higher refractive index layers alternate with lower refractive index layers. The layers having a lower refractive index are formed of silicon oxide with a proportion of aluminum, with a ratio of the amounts of aluminum to silicon is greater than 0.05, preferably greater than 0.08, but with the amount of silicon predominant relative to the amount of aluminum. The layers having a higher refractive index include a silicide, an oxide, or a nitride. 1. A coated sapphire glass substrate , comprising:a substrate with a first side and a second side;an aluminum-containing silicon dioxide layer on at least one of the first and/or second sides of the substrate; anda multilayer anti-reflection coating on the aluminum-containing silicon oxide layer, wherein the multilayer antireflection coating comprises at least four successive layers and is composed of layers with different refractive indices, wherein layers having a higher refractive index alternate with layers having a lower refractive index, wherein the layers having a lower refractive index are formed of silicon oxide with a proportion of aluminum, and wherein the layers having a higher refractive index are silicon nitride-containing layers.2. The coated sapphire substrate of claim 1 , wherein the at least four successive layers comprises a bottom layer on the aluminum-containing silicon oxide layer that is the higher refractive index layer claim 1 , a second layer is the lower refractive index layer claim 1 , and a top layer that is the lower refractive index layer.3. The coated sapphire substrate of claim 1 , wherein the at least four successive layers comprises:an uppermost high refractive index layer with a largest layer thickness among the at least four successive layers;a top layer with a ...

SYSTEMS FOR SHORT PULSE LASER EYE SURGERY

A system for short pulse laser eye surgery and a short pulse laser system, in which a beam guidance device passes through a corresponding articulated arm, and through an applicator head and a microscope head of the system, which is movable in a three-dimensional volume both independently of one another as well as connected to each other. The system also includes, an easy-to-use patient interface with a one-piece contact element, a computer program product for methods of the incision guidance and sequentially operating referencing methods with patient interfaces containing markings. 172.-. (canceled)73. A system for short pulse laser eye surgery , comprisinga short pulse laser system including a short pulse laser source, a beam guidance device and an applicator head for directing a short pulse laser radiation from the short pulse laser source to the eye to be operated on;a surgical microscope having a microscope head; anda control unit adapted to control the system for the short pulse laser eye surgery;a housing enclosing at least the short pulse laser source, and supporting a first and a second articulated arm arranged at the housing or at an extension of the housing;wherein the microscope head is operably coupled to the first articulated arm and the applicator head is operably coupled to the second articulated arm;further comprising an interface between the applicator head and the microscope head, by which the applicator head and the microscope head are releasably connectable both mechanically and optically;wherein the beam guidance device passes through the second articulated arm; andwherein the applicator head and the microscope head are movable in a three-dimensional volume independently from each other as well as connected to each other via the interface.74. The system for short pulse laser eye surgery according to claim 73 , further comprising an optical coherence tomography (OCT) module containing an OCT light source claim 73 , an interferometer and a ...

SCRATCH-RESISTANT CHEMICALLY TEMPERED GLASS SUBSTRATE AND USE THEREOF

An object of the disclosure is to provide a layer system for a chemically tempered glass substrate, which adheres particularly well to the glass substrate and provides an anti-reflective effect and particularly high scratch resistance. Accordingly, the invention provides a scratch-resistant chemically tempered glass element, comprising a chemically tempered glass substrate having a potassium-rich surface, and a layer system which comprises a plurality of successive layers including an oxygen-rich layer adjacent the potassium-rich surface of the glass substrate. The oxygen-rich layer comprises predominantly silicon oxide and/or aluminum oxide, and is an adhesion promoting layer for a nitridic hard material layer which is the lowermost part of a multi-layered, in particular four-layered, anti-reflective coating. The anti-reflective coating is composed of layers of different refractive indices, alternating higher refractive indices and lower refractive indices. 1. A scratch-resistant chemically tempered glass element , comprising:a chemically tempered glass substrate having a potassium-rich surface; anda layer system comprising a plurality of successive layers, including an oxygen-rich layer adjacent the potassium-rich surface of the glass substrate,wherein said oxygen-rich layer comprises predominantly silicon oxide and/or aluminum oxide,wherein said oxygen-rich layer is an adhesion promoting layer for a nitridic hard material layer which is the lowermost part of a multi-layered anti-reflective coating composed of layers of different refractive indices, alternating higher refractive indices and lower refractive indices.2. The scratch-resistant chemically tempered glass element of claim 1 , wherein the layers having a higher refractive index comprise a nitride and the layers having a lower refractive index comprise silicon oxide with a proportion of aluminum.3. The scratch-resistant chemically tempered glass element of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen-rich layer has a ...

HARD ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATINGS AND MANUFACTURING AND USE THEREOF

A coated substrate is provided with a scratch-resistant anti-reflective coating. The anti-reflective coating is designed as an optical interference coating that has at least two low refractive index layers and at least one high refractive index layer. The high refractive index layer is a transparent hard material layer and includes crystalline aluminum nitride with a hexagonal crystal structure with a (001) preferred orientation. The low refractive index layers include SiO2. The low refractive index layers and high refractive index layers are arranged alternately. 1. A coated substrate comprising:a substrate; andan anti-reflective coating designed as an optical interference coating including at least two low refractive index layers and at least one high refractive index layer,the high refractive index layer being a transparent hard material layer that comprises crystalline aluminum nitride having a hexagonal crystal structure exhibiting a predominant (001) preferred orientation, wherein the at least two low refractive index layers include SiO2, and wherein the high refractive index layer is disposed between the at least two low refractive index layers.2. The coated substrate as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least two low refractive index layers comprise SiO2 and/or doped SiO2.3. The coated substrate as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the at least two low refractive index layers further comprise Al as a dopant.4. The coated substrate as claimed in claim 2 , wherein at least the two low refractive index layers comprise at least one low refractive index layer that is doped with one or more oxides and/or nitrides and/or carbides and/or carbonitrides of elements selected from the group consisting of silicon claim 2 , boron claim 2 , zirconium claim 2 , titanium claim 2 , nickel claim 2 , chromium claim 2 , and carbon.5. The coated substrate as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least the two low refractive index layers comprise at least one low refractive index layer ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SHORT PULSE LASER EYE SURGERY

A system for short pulse laser eye surgery and a short pulse laser system, in which a beam guidance device passes through a corresponding articulated arm, and through an applicator head and a microscope head of the system, which is movable in a three-dimensional volume both independently of one another as well as connected to each other. The system also includes an easy to use patient interface with a one-piece contact element, a computer program product for methods of the incision guidance and sequentially operating referencing methods with patient interfaces containing markings. 1. (canceled)2. A patient interface for fixing a position of an eye relative to a system for short pulse laser eye surgery , the patient interface comprising:a contact element;wherein the contact element comprises a unitary one piece structure, formed of a transparent or partially transparent material and includes a suction ring, a casing and an optical element proximate an upper side of the casing; andwherein the casing defines at least one opening, to which is connectable respectively a feed line via a fixing aid or which respectively permits connection of a lead.3. The patient interface according to claim 2 , wherein the casing defines two openings.4. The patient interface according to wherein the casing further defines a further suction structure facing of the transparent material at the contact element on a side of the casing facing away from the suction ring.5. The patient interface according to claim 2 , wherein the optical element is arranged in an inclined manner relative to an optical axis of the system for short pulse laser eye surgery.6. The patient interface according to claim 2 , wherein a surface of the optical element facing the eye further comprises a hydrophilic coating or is surface-treated to make the surface hydrophilic and/or is convexly curved whereby migration of bubbles peripherally and upwardly and away from an optical aperture is facilitated.7. The patient ...

SCRATCH-RESISTANT GLASS OR GLASS CERAMIC ARTICLES

A scratch-resistant amorphous and transparent AlSiN cover layer on a glass or glass ceramic substrate is provided. The cover layer has a low surface roughness and has sliding properties with respect to pots and other items. The cover layer is transparent in the visible light range and also largely transparent in the infrared range and has good chemical resistance to salted water burn-in. 1. A scratch-resistant article , comprising:a substrate made of glass or glass ceramic; andan AlSiN cover layer deposited on the substrate, the cover layer having an Al:Si mixing ratio in a range from 20:80 to 95:05 at %, and the cover layer exhibiting a surface roughness of less than 1.5 nm.2. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the Al:Si mixing ratio is in a range from 40:60 to 85:15 at %.3. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the Al:Si mixing ratio is in a range from 50:50 to 75:25 at %.4. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness is less than 1.0 nm.5. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the AlSiN cover layer is transparent to visible and infrared radiation.6. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the AlSiN cover layer is X-ray amorphous.7. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cover layer exhibits a hardness of greater than 15 GPa.8. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cover layer exhibits a hardness of greater than 25 GPa.9. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cover layer exhibits a static friction with respect to metallic bodies of less than 0.25.10. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cover layer exhibits an average reflectance of less than 0.15 in the visible range of light.11. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cover layer has a thickness in a range from 0.5 μm to 5 μm.12. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cover layer has a thickness in a range from 0.5 to 2 μm.13. The article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cover layer includes at least one ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING A BRIDGED TAP LENGTH

Embodiments relate to an apparatus () comprising means (, P) configured for: 1. An apparatus comprisinga memory configured to store executable code; and [ 'a channel frequency response of a respective communication line of the plurality of communication lines, the communication line having one or two bridged taps, and', 'generating a dataset specifying, for each communication line of a plurality of communication lines,'}, 'a set of M lengths of bridged taps associated with the respective communication line, with M greater than one, and, 'a processor configured to execute the executable code and cause the apparatus to perform the operations of'}training, based on the dataset, a machine learning model, the machine learning model configured for determining, based on the channel frequency response of the respective communication line, a set of M lengths of bridged taps associated with the respective communication line.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the training the machine leaning model comprises updating parameters of the machine learning model based on an error representative of a relative comparison between target lengths and predicted lengths.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the training the machine leaning model comprises updating parameters of the machine learning model based on an error representative of a comparison between target lengths and predicted lengths and of a length distribution associated with a communication network.4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the processor is configured to further cause the apparatus to perform updating parameters of the machine learning model based on the dataset and a current estimation of the length distribution,', 'determining lengths based on the updated machine learning model and the channel frequency responses of the plurality of communication lines of a real communication network, and', 'updating the current estimation of the length distribution based on the determined ...

polyolefin preparation process, and recycled reactor

patente de invenção: "processo para preparação de poliolefina". a invenção refere-se a um processo para preparação de poliolefina em um reator de circuito. o polímero é preparado através da polimerização de monômeros de olefina na presença de um catalisador para produzir uma pasta fluida de polioefina enquanto bombeia a dita pasta fluida para o dito reator de circuito por meio de uma bomba. o presente processo é caracterizado pelo fato de que o catalisador é alimentado no reator de circuito a uma distância da bomba. a invenção permite a produção do polímero com propriedades vantajosas enquanto leva a poucos bloqueios do reator. invention patent: "process for preparing polyolefin". the invention relates to a process for preparing polyolefin in a loop reactor. the polymer is prepared by polymerizing olefin monomers in the presence of a catalyst to produce a polyefin slurry while pumping said slurry to said circuit reactor by means of a pump. the present process is characterized by the fact that the catalyst is fed into the circuit reactor at a distance from the pump. the invention allows the production of the polymer with advantageous properties while leading to few reactor blockages.

Selecting device for manually shifting an automatic transmission and control system for providing feel on the control lever

The selection arrangement has a gear lever (8) whose movement is signaled to a controller (10) that influences the automated gearbox (1). The controller and a gear change controller (15) interact and are arranged so that the duration of the movement of the gear lever is dependent on vehicle parameters, e.g. the synchronisation of a desired gear. An Independent claim is also included for a controller for a selection lever.

Method for detecting redispersion of beads

A method of detecting redispersion of particles into a solution using for example FTIR. The method including providing a sensor surface with dry particles; illuminating the sensor surface with light along a first optical path and detecting the light reflected by the sensor surface; providing a liquid to a volume in contact with the sensor surface; and detecting the reflected light while the dry particles redisperse into the liquid. The angle between the first optical path and the sensor surface fulfils the condition of total internal reflection. Further, an FTIR cartridge may be provided for use in said method. The cartridge including a sensor surface accessible for FTIR detection including at least one binding area wherein label particles are situated.

Method For Controlling An Electrical Transmission Network

A method for controlling an electrical transmission network including a plurality of DC high-voltage lines and at least three AC/DC converters which are identified by a respective index i and are interconnected by the DC high-voltage lines. Each of the AC/DC converts are connected to an AC voltage bus identified by a respective index i as well as to one of the DC high-voltage lines. 3. The method for controlling an electrical transmission network according to claim 1 , wherein:{'sub': 'i', 'for each of the converters of index i, a desired active power Pdc0applied by a transmission network operator is recovered;'}{'sub': i', 'i', 'i, 'each of the converters of index i modifies the desired active power Pdc0by a value ΔPi, with Pdc0+ΔPi=Pdc.'}5. The method for controlling an electrical transmission network according to claim 4 , wherein θrefhas a non-zero value.6. The control method according to claim 4 , wherein the term ΔPdcsor the term ΔPdcais calculated by a calculation circuit of the converter of index i.8. The method for controlling an electrical transmission network according to claim 1 , wherein at least two of said AC voltage buses are interconnected.9. The method for controlling an electrical transmission network according to claim 1 , wherein at least two of said converters do not have their DC interfaces connected point to point via a high-voltage DC line. The invention relates to strategies for controlling electrical networks, in particular to control strategies for ensuring the stability of electrical networks including several converter stations of a meshed DC network connected via several DC power lines, designed to allow power exchange between AC buses.Integration of meshed DC networks into AC networks is a promising technology to allow control of active and reactive power and to facilitate input of power from renewable sources into the AC network.A malfunction in the network is sometimes manifested by a transient power imbalance, with some generators ...

HERMETICALLY SEALED GLASS PACKAGE

A package for encapsulating a functional area against an environment includes a base substrate and a cover substrate, the base substrate together with the cover substrate defining at least part of the package or defining the package, and furthermore including the at least one functional area provided in the package, and a blocking way for reducing permeation between the environment and the functional area. The package may include at least one laser bonding line, and the substrates of the package can be hermetically joined to one another by the at least one laser bonding line, and the laser bonding line has a height (HL) perpendicular to its bonding plane. 1. A package for encapsulating at least one functional area against an environment , the package comprising:a base substrate;a cover substrate, the base substrate together with the cover substrate defining at least a part of the package or defining the package, the at least one functional area being provided inside the package; andat least one blocking way configured for reducing a permeation between the environment and the at least one functional area.2. The package of claim 1 , further comprising at least one laser bonding line claim 1 , the base substrate and the cover substrate being hermetically joined to one another by the at least one laser bonding line claim 1 , the laser bonding line having a height (HL) perpendicular to a bonding plane of the at least one laser bonding line.3. The package of claim 1 , wherein at least one of: (a) the package further comprising at least one intermediate substrate disposed between the base substrate and the cover substrate; and (b) the at least one functional area comprising at least one of at least one cavity and at least one functional layer.4. The package of claim 1 , wherein the at least one blocking way comprises or is formed as a barrier layer claim 1 , which at least partially encloses the at least one functional area.5. The package of claim 4 , further comprising at ...

Polyethylene composition for blow molded packaging items

Una composición de polietileno que comprende (i) una primera fracción de homopolímero de etileno (A), y (ii) una segunda fracción de homopolímero de etileno (B), en la que (I) cualquiera de la fracción (A) y/o la fracción (B) es un homopolímero de etileno con menos del 0, 3% en moles de un comonómero, (II) la fracción (A) tiene un peso molecular promedio menor que la fracción (B), medido por un procedimiento basado en ISO 16014-4:2003, (III) la fracción (A) tiene un MFR2 mayor de o igual a 50 g/10 min, determinado de acuerdo con ISO 1133, (IV) la fracción (B) tiene un MFR2 de menos de 50 g/10 min, determinado de acuerdo con ISO 1133, en la que dicha composición de polietileno tiene (a) un MFR2 de menos de o igual a 3, 0 g/10 min, determinado de acuerdo con ISO 1133, y (b) un equilibrio de elasticidad (tan (0, 05) /tan (300) ) mayor de o igual a 2, 8, (c) una densidad de 960 kg/m3 o mayor, medida de acuerdo con ISO 1183/D, y (d) una distribución del peso molecular DPM de 10 a 30, medida por un procedimiento basado en ISO 160144:2003. A polyethylene composition comprising (i) a first fraction of ethylene homopolymer (A), and (ii) a second fraction of ethylene homopolymer (B), in which (I) any of fraction (A) and / or fraction (B) is an ethylene homopolymer with less than 0.3 mol% of a comonomer, (II) fraction (A) has an average molecular weight less than fraction (B), measured by a procedure based in ISO 16014-4: 2003, (III) fraction (A) has an MFR2 greater than or equal to 50 g / 10 min, determined in accordance with ISO 1133, (IV) fraction (B) has an MFR2 of less 50 g / 10 min, determined in accordance with ISO 1133, wherein said polyethylene composition has (a) an MFR2 of less than or equal to 3.0 g / 10 min, determined in accordance with ISO 1133, and ( b) a balance of elasticity (tan (0, 05) / tan (300)) greater than or equal to 2, 8, (c) a density of 960 kg / m3 or greater, measured in accordance with ISO 1183 / D, and (d) a DPM molecular weight distribution of ...

Polyethylene composition for blow moulded transport packaging articles

The present invention relates to a polyethylene composition for blow moulded articles, in particular for transport packaging, houseware and thin wall packaging applications, preferably of less than 2 litres volume. Furthermore, the present invention relates to blow moulded articles comprising said composition and to the use of said composition for the production of blow moulded articles.

Polyethylene composition for blow moulded transport packaging articles

Processo para preparar mesclas de poliolefina num dispositivo para mesclar e derreter física e continuamente as mesclas

Polymer composition

Use of at least one reheating agent to broaden the processing window in the injection stretch blow moulding of polypropylene.

Methods and apparatus for cell based microarray assays

The present invention relates methods for screening of cellular responses comprising: (a) providing a solid porous support having first and second surfaces and at least one area with a plurality of through-going channels (b) providing cellular components on said first and/or second surface of said solid porous support, wherein said solid porous support retains said cellular compounds on its surface; (c) providing a supply chamber at said first and/or second surface and opposite to said cellular components (d) subjecting all or part of said cellular components to one or more effectors; wherein at least one effector is delivered from said supply chamber through the porous support; (e) incubating the said all or part of cellular components with said effectors under conditions allowing the induction of cellular responses in the said all or part of cellular components; (f) optionally providing detector molecules to the said all or part of cellular components for assaying cellular responses (g) assaying for cellular responses; and, (h) identifying and characterizing the cellular responses induced by said effector molecules. The present invention further relates to the uses of said methods and apparatuses for carrying out said methods as well as to the use of a porous support for the preparation of a microarray kit for carrying out said methods.

Method for high throughput cell-based assays using versatile living microarrays

The present invention relates to methods for screening of cellular responses of cellular components comprising: (a) providing cellular components on the surface of a substrate, said substrate having immobilized thereon an array of detector molecules; (b) delivering test compounds to positions on the substrate corresponding to the arrayed detector molecules on the surface of said solid substrate; (c) incubating said test compounds with said cellular components on the surface of the solid support, under conditions allowing the induction of cellular responses; (d) assaying said cellular responses; and, identifying and characterizing the cellular responses induced by said test compounds. The present invention further relates to the uses of said methods as well as microarrays and kits for carrying out said methods.

Method and device for printing plate-shaped workpieces

Verfahren zum Bedrucken von plattenförmigen Werkstücken (7) in einem Druckspalt (2), der von zwei in ihrem Abstand zueinander einstellbaren Druckwalzen (3) gebildet wird, wobei jedes plattenförmige Werkstück (7) auf einer Transporteinrichtung (1) zum Druckspalt (2) transportiert und beim Durchtritt durch den Druckspalt (2) bedruckt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor dem oder während des Transports zum Druckspalt (2) eine Dicke eines jeden Werkstücks (7) an mindestens zwei Messpunkten (9) gemessen wird, wobei eine Verbindungsstrecke der beiden Messpunkte (9) im Wesentlichen parallel zu Achsen der Druckwalzen (3) verläuft, und dass der Druckspalt (2) vor dem Druckvorgang mittels parallelem oder schiefwinkligem Verändern des Abstands der beiden Druckwalzen (3) zueinander, entsprechend der gemessenen Dicke der Werkstücke (7) eingestellt wird. Method for printing plate-shaped workpieces (7) in a printing nip (2) formed by two pressure rollers (3) which are adjustable with respect to each other, each plate-shaped workpiece (7) being transported on a transport device (1) to the printing nip (2) and during passage through the printing nip (2) is printed, characterized in that before or during the transport to the printing nip (2) a thickness of each workpiece (7) at at least two measuring points (9) is measured, wherein a connecting distance of the two Measuring points (9) substantially parallel to axes of the pressure rollers (3), and that the pressure gap (2) prior to printing by means of parallel or oblique angle changing the distance of the two pressure rollers (3) to each other, according to the measured thickness of the workpieces (7) is set.

Method and device for the laser-based determination of the filling level of a filling material in a container

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Laserbasierten Bestimmung des Füllstands eines Füllguts in einem Behälter nach einem Laufzeitverfahren, wobei Laserpulse einer vorgegebenen Impulsbreite (Tp) erzeugt werden, wobei die Laserpulse mit einer definierten Sendewiederholfrequenz (fPulse) in Richtung der Oberfläche des Füllguts ausgesendet werden, wobei die definierte Sendewiederholfrequenz (fPulse) der Laserpulse durch Multiplikation einer vorgegebenen Grundfrequenz (f) mit einem vorgegebenen Teilerfaktor (TF) gewonnen wird, wobei die Laserpulse nach Reflexion an der Oberfläche des Füllguts empfangen werden, wobei die an der Oberfläche des Füllguts reflektierten Laserpulse mit einer von der Grundfrequenz (f) geringfügig abweichenden Abtastfrequenz (fS) derart abgetastet werden, dass pro Laserpuls mehrere Abtastwerte erfasst und jeweils als Subechokurve (SEK) abgespeichert werden, wobei die abgespeicherten Subechokurven (SEK) nach einem Messzyklus zu einer Gesamtechokurve (EK) zusammengesetzt werden, und wobei der Füllstand anhand der Gesamtechokurve (EK) ermittelt wird.

Insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis

The invention pertains to novel insecticidal compounds derived from Bacillus thuringiensis strains. New proteins designated Cry1Jd, Cry9Fa, Cry1Bf, and insecticidal fragments thereof are provided, as well as DNA sequences encoding these proteins or their insecticidal fragments. Further provided are recombinant hosts expressing such proteins, particularly plant cells and plants.

Heat sensitive image forming element and method for manufacturing lithographic printing plate using it

(57)【要約】 【課題】 非画像領域にインキ吸収のない優れた印刷性 を有する平版印刷版を作製するための、簡単で生態学的 な方法で、特に水中で現像可能であり且つ高い赤外感度 を有する感熱性画像形成要素を提供すること。 【解決手段】 本発明に従えば、親水性表面を有する平 版印刷ベース、少なくとも１種の疎水性ポリマー及び光 を熱に変換することができる化合物を含む熱に感受性の 疎水性第１層を含み、該層が活性光に露光されると水性 現像液により浸透及び／又は可溶化される容量が低下又 は向上する平版印刷版の作製のための感熱性画像形成要 素であって、該画像形成要素が第１層と親水性表面の間 に位置し且つ分散された疎水性熱可塑性ポリマーラテッ クスを含む第２層を含み、該第２層が水溶液中に可溶性 又は分散性であることを特徴とする感熱性画像形成要素 が提供される。

Friction clutch controlling method for motor vehicle, involves determining actual adjusting characteristic line based on already stored characteristic line for controlling friction clutch based on determined data and/or temperature model

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung mindestens einer Reibkupplung, insbesondere einer Doppelkupplung mit zwei Reibkupplungen, eines Kraftfahrzeuges, wobei die Reibkupplung Kupplungsplatten, vzw. eine Anpressplatte und eine Zentralplatte aufweist und wobei eine Temperatur (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) mindestens einer, vzw. mehrerer Kupplungsplatten bestimmt wird. Verformungen von Kupplungsbauteilen aufgrund von Temperatureinflüssen können besser bei der Steuerung der Kupplung, insbesondere einer Doppelkupplung mit zwei Reibkupplungen dadurch berücksichtigt werden, dass mindestens ein Temperaturgradient (13, 14, 15, 16) innerhalb der jeweiligen Kupplungsplatte bestimmt wird und aufgrund der ermittelten Daten und/oder eines Temperaturmodells eine aktuelle Stellkennlinie (2, 3, 4) in Abhängigkeit einer bereits abgespeicherten Kennlinie (1) zur Steuerung der Reibkupplung bestimmt wird.

Electric lamp with a seal comprising a laser-structured metal led-in conductor

The halogen light bulb (1) consists of a light emitting structure (3) arranged inside a glass bulb (2) which is air-tightly sealed with a pinch seal (10). The pinch seal comprises the inner leads (4,5) connected to the light emitting structure and outer leads (8,9) led out from the glass bulb. The pinch seal has the molybdenum foils (6,7) that are arranged between the outer and inner leads and are processed using a laser e.g. carbon dioxide laser.

Automatic gear especially for vehicle having internal combustion engine with crankshaft has gear control apparatus, which controls oil pump driving motor and power of starter and generator operation of crankshaft-starter generator

The automatic gear has an electric crankshaft-starter generator (2), which is provided between a crankshaft (1) and the clutch in the drive branch of the vehicle. The internal combustion engine is started using the generator in a starter operation. An oil pump driving motor (10) is supplied with electric energy by the generator in a generator operation. The power of the starter and generator operation of the crankshaft-starter generator and the oil pump driving motor of the oil pump (11) is controlled by a gear control apparatus (7).

Safety device

Dual clutch

Electric lamp with a seal comprising a laser-structured metal led-in conductor

Elektrische Lampe mit einer den Lampenkolben abschließende EinschmeLzung, wobei in der Einschmelzung eine Metalldichtung mit Stromzuführungsdrähten und Zuleitungen vorgesehen ist, und die Metalldichtung mit Stromzüführungsdrähten und Zuleitungen mit einer Struktur versehen ist, die durch einen Laser erzeugt wurde. An electric lamp having an incinerator terminating the lamp envelope, wherein in the reflow there is provided a metal gasket with supply leads and leads, and the metal gasket is provided with conduction wires and leads having a structure produced by a laser.

Apparatus and method for controlling the release of a clutch in a motor vehicle transmission

The method involves variably adjusting the magnitude of the disengagement force (F) depending on the torque transferred to the gear ratio to be disengaged and/or the rate of change of the torque. The torque is determined using the accelerator pedal position. An Independent claim is also included for an arrangement for controlling coupling element disengagement in a motor vehicle gearbox.

Solar cells switching method for photovoltaic module, involves activating thermally activatable conductive adhesive by applying heat, to form contact strip conductive to conductive elements

The method involves applying an electrically conductive contact strip (8) on electrically conductive elements of solar cells (6). A thermally activatable conductive adhesive (7) is activated by applying the heat, to form the contact strip conductive to the conductive elements. The contact strip electrically interconnects the solar cells with the conductive adhesive, where activation of the conductive adhesive is carried out by directed heating of the contact strip. The contact strip is pressed on the conductive adhesive by a pressure pad (9), which is made of plastic. An independent claim is also included for a device for switching solar cells in a photovoltaic module.

Method for shifting a twin-clutch transmission and twin-clutch transmission arrangement

A twin-clutch transmission having the driving gear wheels of adjacent gears on different transmission input shafts permits skipping one gear stage while shifting gears, i.e. shifting between gears whose driving gear wheels are on the same transmission input shaft, by using an auxiliary gear on the other transmission input shaft to supply a filler torque while shifting between the initial gear and a selected gear.

Heat sensitive image forming element and method for manufacturing lithographic printing plate using it

(57)【要約】 【課題】 優れたインキ受容性を有する平版印刷版を簡 単な方法で作製するための感熱性画像形成要素及び該画 像形成要素を用いて簡単な方法でネガティブ作用性平版 印刷版を得るための方法を提供する。 【解決手段】 本発明に従えば、親水性表面を有する平 版印刷ベース、疎水性熱可塑性ポリマーラテックスを含 む画像形成層及び該画像形成層又はそれに隣接する層中 に存在する光を熱に変換できる化合物を含む感熱性画像 形成要素であって、画像形成層が少なくとも２つのカル ボキシル基を有する化合物と少なくとも部分的に反応し たアセタール基及びヒドロキシ基を含有するアルカリ可 溶性コポリマーを含むことを特徴とする感熱性画像形成 要素が提供される。

CONTROL PROCESS FOR A HYDRAULIC POWER PLANT

L'invention concerne un procédé de commande d'une centrale hydraulique (1) comportant une turbine à vitesse variable (300) entraînant une génératrice électrique (210), comprenant : -disposer d'une loi de vitesse de rotation caractéristique minimale de la turbine ; -faire fonctionner la centrale hydraulique avec une valeur initiale de consigne de puissance électrique ; -récupérer une valeur de hauteur d'eau en entrée (300) ; -récupérer une nouvelle valeur de consigne de puissance électrique (Pec) supérieure à la valeur initiale; -transformer la nouvelle valeur de consigne de puissance électrique (Pec) en puissance mécanique caractéristique (P11) ; -pour ladite puissance mécanique caractéristique (P11), déterminer la vitesse de rotation minimale ncrit de la turbine (300) ; -commander la centrale hydraulique (1) pour délivrer une puissance électrique égale à la nouvelle valeur de consigne (Pec) et pour maintenir la vitesse de rotation de la turbine (300) au-dessus de la vitesse de rotation minimale déterminée ncrit. The invention relates to a method of controlling a hydraulic power plant (1) comprising a variable speed turbine (300) driving an electric generator (210), comprising: having a law of minimum characteristic rotation speed of the turbine ; - operate the hydraulic unit with an initial electric power setpoint value; -recover a value for the height of water at the inlet (300); -recover a new electrical power setpoint value (Pec) greater than the initial value; -transform the new electrical power reference value (Pec) into characteristic mechanical power (P11); -for said characteristic mechanical power (P11), determining the minimum rotational speed ncrit of the turbine (300); -control the hydraulic unit (1) to deliver an electric power equal to the new setpoint value (Pec) and to maintain the speed of rotation of the turbine (300) above the determined minimum speed of rotation ncrit.

Control method of an electrical transmission network

L’invention concerne un procédé de commande d’un réseau de transmission électrique (1) comprenant plusieurs lignes haute tension continu (320) et au moins trois convertisseurs alternatif/continu (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) identifiés par un indice i respectif, interconnectés par lesdites lignes haute tension continu, chacun desdits convertisseurs alternatif/continu (321) étant connecté d’une part à un bus de tension alternative (11) identifié par un indice i respectif et d’autre part à une desdites lignes haute tension continu (320), le procédé comprenant :-chacun des convertisseurs d’indice i applique une consigne de puissance Pdci avec . avec Pconxij une référence de puissance échangée entre le bus d’indice i et le bus d’indice j par l’intermédiaire du réseau de transmission électrique (1), avec n le nombre desdits convertisseurs connectés auxdits bus de tension alternative. Figure à publier avec l’abrégé : Fig. 2 The invention relates to a method for controlling an electrical transmission network (1) comprising several direct high voltage lines (320) and at least three AC / DC converters (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) identified by an index i respective, interconnected by said DC high voltage lines, each of said AC / DC converters (321) being connected on the one hand to an AC voltage bus (11) identified by a respective index i and on the other hand to one of said lines direct high voltage (320), the method comprising: each of the converters of index i applies a power setpoint Pdci with. with Pconxij a power reference exchanged between the bus of index i and the bus of index j via the electrical transmission network (1), with n the number of said converters connected to said alternating voltage buses. Figure to be published with the abstract: Fig. 2

Improvements to filters for coffee or other infusions

Method and device for regenerating foundry sand

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A HYDRAULIC POWER PLANT

L'invention concerne un procédé de commande d'une centrale hydraulique (1) comportant une turbine à vitesse variable (300) entraînant une génératrice électrique (210), comprenant : -disposer d'une loi de vitesse de rotation caractéristique minimale de la turbine ; -faire fonctionner la centrale hydraulique avec une valeur initiale de consigne de puissance électrique ; -récupérer une valeur de hauteur d'eau en entrée (300) ; -récupérer une nouvelle valeur de consigne de puissance électrique (Pec) supérieure à la valeur initiale; -transformer la nouvelle valeur de consigne de puissance électrique (Pec) en puissance mécanique caractéristique (P11) ; -pour ladite puissance mécanique caractéristique (P11), déterminer la vitesse de rotation minimale ncrit de la turbine (300) ; -commander la centrale hydraulique (1) pour délivrer une puissance électrique égale à la nouvelle valeur de consigne (Pec) et pour maintenir la vitesse de rotation de la turbine (300) au-dessus de la vitesse de rotation minimale déterminée ncrit. The invention relates to a method of controlling a hydraulic power plant (1) comprising a variable speed turbine (300) driving an electric generator (210), comprising: -disposing a minimum characteristic rotational speed law of the turbine ; operating the hydraulic unit with an initial electric power set point value; retrieving an input water level value (300); retrieving a new electric power setpoint value (Pec) greater than the initial value; transforming the new electrical power setpoint value (Pec) into characteristic mechanical power (P11); for said characteristic mechanical power (P11), determining the minimum speed of rotation of the turbine (300); commanding the hydraulic power unit (1) to deliver an electric power equal to the new setpoint value (Pec) and to maintain the speed of rotation of the turbine (300) above the minimum determined rotational speed ncrit.

organopolysiloxane emulsions

Method and device for increasing the casting of light metal

Beim steigenden Gießen von Leichtmetall in Sand- oder Dauerformen, die auf einer Förderstrecke taktweise transportiert werden, wird jede Form aus der Förderstrecke heraus in eine neben dieser angeordnete Gießstation verlagert, dort an das Steigrohr eines Schmelzeofens angeschlossen, nach dem Füllen der Form der Einguß mit einem gegebenenfalls kühlenden Verschluß versehen und anschließend die Form unter Beibehaltung des Kühlverschlusses in die Förderstrecke zurück verlagert. Eine dieses Verfahren ermöglichende Vorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Gießstation seitlich neben dem Förderer angeordnet und eine Einrichtung zum Verlagern einer Form von dem Förderer in die Gießstation und zurück vorgesehen ist, und daß der Einguß zumindest während des Verlagerns der Form von der Gießstation auf den Förderer von einem gegebenenfalls kühlenden Verschluß versehen ist. When pouring light metal in sand or permanent molds, which are transported in cycles on a conveyor line, each mold is moved out of the conveyor line into a casting station next to it, where it is connected to the riser of a melting furnace, after filling the mold with the sprue provided with a possibly cooling closure and then the mold is shifted back into the conveying section while maintaining the cooling closure. A device enabling this method is characterized in that the casting station is arranged laterally next to the conveyor and a device is provided for transferring a mold from the conveyor into the casting station and back, and in that the sprue is at least during the transfer of the mold from the casting station the conveyor is provided with a possibly cooling closure.

Process for the preparation of etherified organohydrogensiloxanes

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINK INCLUDING A CONTINUOUS HIGH VOLTAGE LINE

L'invention concerne un procédé de commande d'un lien de transmission électrique (3) entre des premier et deuxième bus de tension alternative (11, 21) comprenant une ligne haute tension continu (320), des premier et deuxième convertisseurs alternatif/continu (321, 322) connectés à la ligne haute tension continu (320), comprenant : -la récupération d'une valeur de puissance active de consigne appliquée (Pdc0) sur un convertisseur (321, 322) ; -la récupération des valeurs instantanées V1 et V2 des tensions sur les premier et deuxième bus ; -dans lequel la puissance active de consigne du premier ou du deuxième convertisseur est modifiée d'une valeur incluant un terme ?Pdc, de façon à imposer de nouvelles dynamiques aux première et deuxième zones, avec: ?Pdc = ?Pdcs + ?Pdca. The invention relates to a method for controlling an electrical transmission link (3) between first and second AC voltage buses (11, 21) comprising a high-voltage direct line (320), first and second AC / DC converters. (321, 322) connected to the high-voltage direct line (320), comprising: -reclaiming an applied reference power value (Pdc0) on a converter (321, 322); the recovery of the instantaneous values V1 and V2 of the voltages on the first and second buses; in which the set active power of the first or second converter is modified by a value including a term Pdc, so as to impose new dynamics to the first and second zones, with: Pdc = Pdcs + Pdca.

Pump assembly

Process for manufacturing foundry moulds by compacting a granular moulding material

Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gießformen durch Verdichten von schüttfähigem Formstoff über einem auf einer Modellplatte innerhalb eines Formraums angeord­ neten Modell wird zunächst der Formraum bis zu einer Teilhöhe im Bereich der Oberkante des Modells in Wenig­ stens einer Stufe gefüllt und der Formstoff nach jeder Füllstufe unter Einwirken von Druckgas hoher Geschwindig­ keit verdichtet, danach in einer Endstufe weiterer Formstoff bis zu einer für die endgül tige Form notwendigen Füllhöhe aufgegeben und wiederum durch Druckgas oder durch Pressen verdichtet. Durch die Auftrennung des gesamten Verdichtungsvorgangs in wenigstens zwei Stufen mit einer Verdichtung jeweils bis zur Enddicte wird eine einwandfreie und gleichmäßige Verdichtung auch bei komplizierten Mod­ ellen und hoher Modellplattenbelegung erzielt. In a process for making molds by compressing pourable molding material over a arranged on a model plate within a molding space Neten model is first the mold space up to a Part height in the area of the upper edge of the model in little filled at least one step and the molding material after each Filling stage under the action of compressed gas at high speed compacted, then further molding material in a final stage up to a level necessary for the final shape abandoned and again by compressed gas or by Presses compacted. By separating the whole Compression process in at least two stages with one Densification to the final dictate is a flawless and even compression even with complicated mod and high model plate occupancy achieved.

Fixation of medical tubing with fluidum filled chamber

A medical device (100) for securing a catheter (700) to a support (600) is described, comprising a base element (200) having a first side (201) fixable to the support (600), and a second side (202) opposite the first side (201), and comprising a top element (500) having a first side (501) connectable with the second side (202) of the base element (200). When the first side (501) of the top element (500) is connected with the second side (202) of the base element (200), the top element (500) and the base element (200) are arranged for forming a feedthrough for the catheter (700) between the second side (202) of the base element (200) and the first side (501) of the top element (500). At least one of the base element (200) and the top element (500) comprises a deformable fluidum filled chamber (430), the deformable fluidum filled chamber (430) arranged such that the catheter (700) is locally tightly held between the base element (200) and the top element (500) when positioned there between.

Process for rising gradient low pressure casting of metal and apparatus for executing this process

(57)【要約】 【課題】 鋳物の高い品質を維持しながら鋳造能力を高 める。 【解決手段】 金属、特に軽金属の上り勾配低圧鋳造の 場合、鋳型（１）はそのゲート（１１）によって昇水路 （７）を介して溶融容器（４）に接続され、そこに含ま れる溶融物（５）は圧力をかけられて昇水路（７）を介 して鋳型（１）へと移動させられる。鋳物の高い品質を 維持しながら鋳造能力を高めるために、鋳型（１）を充 填するのに必要な溶融物体積のほとんどが最大鋳造速度 で鋳型（１）へと移動させられ、次に昇水路（７）内の 溶融柱がせん断され、せん断点とゲート（１１）との間 に残る残留体積が負の速度勾配で鋳型（１）へと移動さ せられる。上のプロセスを行なうための装置も説明され る。

Method of making a lithographic printing plate

Method of making a lithographic printing plate

Tube

New masses of organopolysiloxanes transforming into elastomers under the action of water

Radiometric measuring device

Described is a radiometric for measuring a physical, measured variable of a fill substance (1) located in a container (3) and for outputting a measurement signal, which corresponds to a measured value of the physical, measured variable. The measuring device has available a single line-pair (17), via which energy supply of the total measuring device occurs, and via which transmission of the measurement signal occurs. The measuring device includes: A radioactive radiator (5), which, during operation, sends radioactive radiation through the container (3); a detector (7) having a scintillator (9) and a photomultiplier (11) and serving for detecting, and for converting into an electrical output signal (N), radiation intensity penetrating through the container (3) dependent on the physical, measured variable to be measured; a measuring device electronics (15), which serves, on the basis of the electrical output signal (N) of the detector (7), for producing the measurement signal (M) and for making such available via the line-pair (17); an energy storer (27) supplied via the line-pair (17); a controller (45), which, as a function of energy available via the line-pair (17) and the energy storer (27), triggers measuring phases, during which the measuring device measures the physical, measured variable, and which places the photomultiplier (11) in operation exclusively during the measuring phases, wherein high voltages required for operating the photomultiplier (11) are produced during the measuring phases by means of a high voltage cascade (31).

Method of controlling a clutch of a motor vehicle

Switching bar lock for e.g. passenger car, has recess which is designed in oblong shape in moving direction of bar such that length of recess is larger than geometrical expansion of effective area of stop unit engaging in recess

The device has a stop unit (10) which engages at a neutral region in a recess (6) of a switching bar (1), where the unit is supported perpendicular to upper surface of the bar. The recess is designed in an oblong shape in the moving direction of the switching bar such that the length of the recess is larger than the geometrical expansion of the effective area of the stop unit engaging in the recess.

Method and apparatus for the laser-based determination of the filling level of a filling material in a container

Device and method for cataract surgery

The invention relates to improvements in respect of performing cataract surgery, and the result thereof, by means of a laser system. More particularly, it relates to a device for cataract surgery, comprising a surgical microscope or stereo microscope and a laser source, in which a module, consisting of a laser-coupling/deflecting unit, a laser-scan unit, and a focusing unit, can be attached to the surgical microscope or stereo microscope, in which at least one of these units can selectively be introduced between surgical microscope and eye, and in which the focusing unit can scan a depth-of-focus range of greater than 1 mm.

Automatic double clutch gearbox esp. for motor vehicle with at least two gearbox input shafts and gearbox driven shaft and unsynchronized gear changing couplings so that each of gearbox

The gear box (1) is provided with an auxiliary drive (14) for the synchronizing of the gear changes and the auxiliary drive is assigned a change-over system (15). By means of which the auxiliary drive is individually couplable with each of the gearbox input shafts (6,7). The auxiliary drive is designed and arranged in such a manner, that it can be used additionally a braking assistance and-or as a starter.

Metering device for delivery of a liquid or viscous substance

A device for metered delivery of a viscous substance comprising a casing (1) arranged with an inlet (14) and at least one outlet (13), a piston (6) with a piston rod (8) able to slide in said casing (1), a metering chamber (16) and a first and a second non return valves wherein: - lubricant is sucked into the metering chamber through the inlet only when the piston rod is forced upwards, through the first non-return valve (14), and - the lubricant contained in the metering chamber is expelled through the outlet (13)only when the piston rod is forced downwards, through the second non-return valve (18).