Polymeric Blends for Fiber Applications and Methods of Making the Same

Processes of forming a fiber article and articles formed therefrom are described herein. The processes generally include providing a propylene-based polymer; contacting the propylene-based polymer with polylactic acid in the presence of a reactive modifier, a non-reactive modifier or a combination thereof to form a polymeric blend, wherein the reactive modifier is selected from epoxy-functionalized polyolefins and the non-reactive modifier comprises an elastomer; and forming the polymeric blend into a fiber article.

Compatibilized Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Blends and Methods of Making and Using Same

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a multifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt. % to 15 wt. %. 131-. (canceled)32. A method of preparing glycidyl methacrylate grated polypropylene (PP-g-GMA) comprising:combining a polypropylene, gylcidyl methacrylate, an initiator, and the a multi-functional acrylate comonomer to form a reaction mixture; andreactive extrusion compounding the reaction mixture to form PP-g-GMA.331. The method of claim wherein the multi-functional acrylate comonomer has a flash point of from 50° C. to 120° C.342. The method of claim , wherein the multi-functional acrylate comonomer has a flash point of from 80° C. to 100° C.352. The method of claim , wherein the multi-functional acrylate comonomer is polyethylene glycol diacrylate , alkoxylated heanediol diacrylate , trimethylolpropane triacrylate , or combinations thereof.361. The method of claim , wherein the propylene content of the reaction mixture is from 95 wt. % to 99 wt. %371. The method of claim , wherein the gylcidyl methacrylate content of the reaction mixture is from 1 wt. % to 5 wt. %.381. The method of claim , wherein the initiator content of the reaction mixture is from 0.2 wt. % to 0.8 wt. %.391. The method of claim , wherein the ratio of GMA to multifunctional acrylate comonomer in the PP-g-GMA is from 1:5 to 10:1.401. The method of claim , wherein the PP-g-GMA has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt. % to 15 wt. %. ...

MULTI-COMPONENT CATALYST SYSTEMS AND POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES FOR FORMING IN-SITU HETEROPHASIC COPOLYMERS AND/OR VARYING THE XYLENE SOLUBLES CONTENT OF POLYOLEFINS

Embodiments of the invention generally include multi-component catalyst systems, polymerization processes and heterophasic copolymers formed by the processes. The multi-component catalyst system generally includes a first catalyst component selected from Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems including a diether internal electron donor and a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCpCpMA, wherein X is a structural bridge, Cpand Cpeach denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4. The multi-component catalyst system further includes a second catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCpCpMA, wherein X is a structural bridge, Cpand Cpeach denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4 and wherein the second catalyst component exhibits a higher ethylene response than the first catalyst component. 1. (canceled)2. A heterophasic copolymer formed by a polymerization process comprising: [{'sup': A', 'B', 'A', 'B, 'sub': 'n', 'a first catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCpCpMA, wherein X is a structural bridge, Cpand Cpeach denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4; and'}, {'sup': A', 'B', 'A', 'B, 'sub': 'n', 'a second catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCpCpMA, wherein X is a structural bridge Cpand Cpeach denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and ...

Injection Molded Article Comprising Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10% to about 95% and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

IMMUNOMODULATORY PROTEIN CONSTRUCTS WITH A HELICAL POLYMERIC BACKBONE

The present invention relates to protein constructs that comprise one or more peptides, proteins, factors, compounds or other components as further described herein that are linked to and/or are linked to each other via a helical polymeric backbone. The constructs of the invention are suitable for administration to a human or animal body and can be used for pharmaceutical purposes, for example, for immunotherapy, such as for treating cancer and for other immunological applications, as well as for other therapeutic, prophylactic and/or diagnostic purposes. 1. A filamentous structure comprising an antigen attached to an oligo(alkylene glycol) functionalized polyisocyanopeptide homopolymer backbone.2. The filamentous structure of claim 1 , wherein the oligo(alkylene glycol) functionalized polyisocyanopeptide homopolymer has been obtained through polymerization of isocyanide monomers that have been derived from amino acids and/or peptides.3. The filamentous structure of claim 1 , wherein the filamentous structure either contains functional groups to increase its water solubility and/or has been functionalized to increase its water solubility.4. The filamentous structure of claim 1 , wherein the filamentous structure contains PEG groups to increase its water solubility and/or has been functionalized with PEG groups to increase its water solubility.5. The filamentous structure of claim 1 , wherein the filamentous structure further comprises at least one antigen complexed with at least one complex or molecule able to present an antigen to a T-cell claim 1 , such that the filamentous structure is able to present the at least one antigen to the T-cell.6. The filamentous structure of claim 1 , wherein the filamentous structure comprises at least one MHC complex.7. The filamentous structure of claim 1 , wherein the filamentous structure comprises at least one co-stimulatory factor that is able to activate or stimulate the T-cell(s) and/or that is able to interact with at least ...

PLUGIN MANAGEMENT FOR INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) NETWORK OPTIMIZATION

Various systems and methods for network optimization or bandwidth conservation may use Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) plugin migration or mirroring to access an OCF plugin in the cloud. A cloud-based OCF plugin allows for routing optimization to leverage an OCF resource directory to provide discovery or access to the OCF plugin. The OCF plugin may be used when an OCF device communicates with a non-OCF device. 1. A cloud service device comprising: receive an indication from an OCF device identifying a non-OCF device for communicating; and', 'identify a network protocol of the non-OCF device; and, 'an Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) routing service to receive a communication from the OCF device;', 'convert the communication to the network protocol; and', 'send the converted communication to the non-OCF device., 'a processor to execute a plugin selected according to the network protocol, the plugin to2. The cloud service device of claim 1 , wherein the communication is received according to an OCF network specification.3. The cloud service device of claim 1 , wherein the network protocol is a network protocol established according to a network specification other than an OCF network specification.4. The cloud service device of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further to route the converted communication to an IoT service claim 1 , the IoT service to send the converted communication to a router connected to the non-OCF device via a non-OCF network bridge on a shared network with the non-OCF device.5. The cloud service device of claim 4 , wherein the processor is further to:receive a response to the converted communication from the non-OCF device via the non-OCF network bridge, the router, and the IoT service;convert the response from the network protocol to an OCF network protocol; andsend the converted response to the OCF device.6. The cloud service device of claim 1 , wherein the plugin is mirrored on the cloud service device from a local network including ...

CABLE AND POLYMER COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MULTIMODAL ETHYLENE COPOLYMER

The present invention relates to a cable comprising a conductor surrounded by one or more layers, wherein at least one layer comprises a polymer composition comprising a copolymer of ethylene with one or more comonomers, to a process for producing the cable and to a polymer composition suitable as a cable layer material. 1. A process for producing a cable comprising:applying one or more layers on a conductor thereby forming the cable,wherein at least one layer comprises a jacketing layer comprising a multimodal copolymer of ethylene with one or more comonomers and wherein the multimodal copolymer of ethylene with one or more comonomers is obtained by{'sup': '3', 'polymerising ethylene and one or more comonomers in the presence of a single site catalyst (SSC) and an activator for said catalyst, wherein the multimodal copolymer of ethylene has a density of less than 945 kg/m, an Mw/Mn of 2.5 to 10, and an Mz/Mw of at least 2.45.'}2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the multimodal copolymer of ethylene has the Mz/Mw of from 2.55 to 15.00.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the multimodal copolymer of ethylene has a shear thinning index SHIof at least 7.0.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the multimodal copolymer of ethylene has a Mz of at least 250 000.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the multimodal copolymer of ethylene comprises:(A) from 30 to 70% by weight, based on the combined amount of components (A) and (B), of a low molecular weight (LMW) SSC derived ethylene polymer selected from ethylene homopolymer and a copolymer of ethylene and one or more alpha-olefins having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and(B) from 30 to 70% by weight, based on the combined amount of components (A) and (B), of a high molecular weight (HMW) SSC derived copolymer of ethylene and one or more alpha-olefins having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.6. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the LMW SSC derived polymer (A) is a copolymer of ethylene with ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF BEADS FOR IMAGING

A process for the preparation of beads including a biocompatible hydrophobic polymer, a perfluorocarbon, polyvinylalcohol and optionally a metal compound, including the steps of: adding the perfluorocarbon and optionally the metal compound to a solution of the biocompatible hydrophobic polymer in a polar solvent to provide a first liquid mixture, adding the first liquid mixture to an aqueous solution of a biocompatible surfactant including polyvinylalcohol under sonication to obtain a second liquid mixture, a) maintaining the sonication of the second liquid mixture while cooling, b) evaporating the polar solvent from the second liquid mixture to obtain a suspension of beads including the biocompatible hydrophobic polymer, the perfluorocarbon and optionally the metal compound, c) separating the beads from the suspension and preparing a water suspension of the beads and d) freeze-drying the water suspension to obtain the beads, wherein the addition of the first liquid mixture to the biocompatible surfactant in step b) is performed within a period of at most 10 seconds, wherein the sonication in step b) and the sonication in step c) are performed directly into the liquid mixtures by for example a probe or flow sonicator at an amplitude of at least 120 μm for 0.01-10 minutes and wherein the weight ratio of the biocompatible surfactant to the biocompatible hydrophobic polymer is at least 3:1. Beads having close F-H2O interactions, which are suitable for imaging purposes. 1. A process for the preparation of beads comprising a biocompatible hydrophobic polymer , a perfluorocarbon , polyvinylalcohol (PVA) and optionally a metal compound , comprising the steps of:a) adding the perfluorocarbon and optionally the metal compound to a solution of the biocompatible hydrophobic polymer in a polar solvent to provide a first liquid mixture,b) adding the first liquid mixture to an aqueous solution PVA and optionally a biocompatible surfactant under sonication to obtain a second ...

DEVICE DISCOVERY

System and techniques for device discovery described herein. A gateway device may initiate discovery in a self-organizing network attached to a first network interface of the gateway device. The gateway device may include a second network interface attached to a network that has a discovery protocol different than that of the self-organizing network. A reply from a node in the self-organizing network may be received in response to the discovery. A device class may be extracted from the reply. Here, the device class corresponds to the node and is selected from a set of device classes defined for the network. A mapping between the second network interface and the first network interface based on the device class may be registered. A response to a query from the network may be completed using the mapping. 125.-. (canceled)26. A system for device discovery , the system comprising processing circuitry to:initiate, by a gateway device, discovery in a self-organizing network attached to a first network interface of the gateway device, the gateway device including a second network interface attached to a network that has a discovery protocol different than that of the self-organizing network;receive a reply from a node in the self-organizing network in response to the discovery;extract a device class from the reply, the device class corresponding to the node and selected from a set of device classes defined for the network;register a mapping between the second network interface and the first network interface based on the device class; andrespond to a query from the network using the mapping.271. The system of claim , wherein the self-organizing network operates in accordance to an IEEE 802.15.4e family of standards.281. The system of claim , wherein the discovery operates in accordance to IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL).293. The system of claim , wherein , to initiate , the processing circuitry transmits a Destination-Oriented Directed Acyclic ...

Methods of Catalyst Activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at least one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprises a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types. 1. A method comprising:preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst; andadjusting a level of at least one component of the multi-component catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a polymerization process;wherein the at least one component comprises a catalyst activator, and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst activator functions to maintain the catalyst activity to a user-desired threshold level throughout the polymerization process.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-component catalyst system further comprises an electron donor.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst activator consists essentially of one of the catalyst claim 1 , the cocatalyst claim 1 , or an electron donor.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-component catalyst comprises a Ziegler-Natta catalyst claim 1 , a metallocene catalyst claim 1 , or combinations thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cocatalyst comprises an organoaluminum compound.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the organoaluminum compound comprises triethylaluminum claim 6 , tri-isobutylaluminum claim 6 , diethylaluminum chloride claim 6 , diethylaluminum hydride claim 6 , ...

Articles Including a Compatibilized Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Blend

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a multifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt. % to 15 wt. %. 131-. (canceled)32. An article comprising:a blend of polypropylene, polylactic acid, and glycidyl methacrylate grafted polypropylene.33. The article of claim 32 , wherein the article is a blowmolded article claim 32 , an extrusion article claim 32 , injection blowmolded article claim 32 , an injection stretch blowmolded article claim 32 , or a thermoformed article.34. The article of claim 32 , wherein the article is a fiber.35. The article of claim 32 , wherein the article is an injection molded article.36. The article of claim 35 , wherein the article exhibits a tensile modulus of from 200 kpsi to 350 kpsi as determined in accordance with ASTM D638.37. The article of claim 35 , wherein the article exhibits a tensile strength at yield of from 4 claim 35 ,000 psi to 6 claim 35 ,000 psi as determined in accordance with ASTM D882.38. The article of claim 35 , wherein the article exhibits a flexural modulus of from 170 kpsi to 300 kpsi as determined in accordance with ASTM D790.39. The article of claim 35 , wherein the article exhibits a notched Izod impact strength of from 0.2 ft lb/in to 2.0 ft lb/in.40. The article of claim 32 , wherein the article is an oriented film.41. The article of claim 40 , wherein the oriented film is oriented in the machine direction claim 40 , the transverse direction claim ...

MULTI-DOMAIN TRUST ESTABLISHMENT IN EDGE CLOUD ARCHITECTURES

A service coordinating entity device includes communications circuitry to communicate with a first access network, processing circuitry, and a memory device. The processing circuitry is to perform operations to, in response to a request for establishing a connection with a user equipment (UE) in a second access network, retrieve a first Trusted Level Agreement (TLA) including trust attributes associated with the first access network. One or more exchanges of the trust attributes of the first TLA and trust attributes of a second TLA associated with the second access network are performed using a computing service executing on the service coordinating entity. A common TLA with trust attributes associated with communications between the first and second access networks is generated based on the exchanges. Data traffic is routed from the first access network to the UE in the second access network based on the trust attributes of the common TLA. 1. A device of a service coordinating entity , comprising:communications circuitry to communicate with a first access network of a plurality of access networks;processing circuitry; and in response to a request for establishing a connection with a user equipment (UE) in a second access network of the plurality of access networks, retrieve a first Trusted Level Agreement (TLA) including a plurality of trust attributes associated with the first access network;', 'perform one or more exchanges of the trust attributes of the first TLA and trust attributes of a second TLA associated with the second access network using a computing service executing on the service coordinating entity;', 'generate a common TLA with trust attributes associated with communications between the first and second access networks based on the one or more exchanges; and', 'route data traffic from the first access network to the UE in the second access network based on the trust attributes of the common TLA., 'a memory device including instructions embodied ...

Methods of Catalyst Activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at least one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprises a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types. 126.-. (canceled)27. A method comprising:preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst; andadjusting a level of at least one component of the multi-component catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a polymerization process;wherein the at least one component comprises a catalyst activator, wherein the catalyst activator is the cocatalyst, wherein an amount of the cocatalyst introduced to a reaction zone is reduced as compared to an amount of the cocatalyst normally present in the polymerization process and an amount of catalyst introduced to the reaction zone is increased compared to an amount of the catalyst normally present in the polymerization process, wherein the amount of increase in the catalyst is between 10% and 25% and the amount of reduction in the cocatalyst is between 20% and 40%.28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the catalyst activator functions to maintain the catalyst system activity to a user-desired threshold level throughout the polymerization process.29. The method of claim 27 , wherein the multi-component catalyst system further comprises an electron donor.30. The method of claim 27 , wherein the catalyst activator consists essentially of one of the catalyst claim 27 , the cocatalyst claim 27 , or an ...

RADIO RESOURCE SCHEDULING

System and techniques for radio resource scheduling are described herein. A network request may be received at a first network interface of a gateway device. Here, the network request includes an information request to multiple devices connected to the gateway device via a second network interface. A transmission schedule may be created for the multiple devices that is contention free. The transmission schedule may be propagated to the multiple devices. Information responsive to the information request may be received from the multiple devices according to the transmission schedule. The network request may be fulfilled with the information. 125.-. (canceled)26. A system for radio resource scheduling , the system comprising processing circuitry to:receive a network request at a first network interface of a gateway device, the network request including an information request to multiple devices connected to the gateway device via a second network interface;create a transmission schedule for the multiple devices that is contention free;propagate the transmission schedule to the multiple devices;receive information, responsive to the information request, from the multiple devices according to the transmission schedule; andfulfill the network request with the information.27. The system of claim 26 , wherein the first network interface connects to a first network that operates in accordance with an Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) family of standards.28. The system of claim 26 , wherein the second network interface connects to a second network that operations in accordance with an IEEE 802.15.4e family of standards that employs time slot channel hopping (TSCH).29. The system of claim 28 , wherein claim 28 , to create the transmission schedule claim 28 , the processing circuitry assigns the multiple devices a respective channel and time slot.30. The system of claim 29 , wherein a channel and time slot for a given device in the multiple devices is assigned based on the ...

MOLECULAR MODIFICATION OF POLYETHYLENE RESIN

The invention is related to a process for producing modified polyethylene having decreased melt flow rate (5 kg, 190° C.) (MFR). In particular, the present invention is directed to a process in a controlled manner for producing modified polyethylene recyclates having low MFR and low gel content directly by reactive extrusion processing. 1. A process for obtaining a controlled reduction of the melt flow rate (5 kg , 190° C.) (MFR) of a polyethylene by modifying the polyethylene , the polyethylene having a starting melt flow rate (5 kg , 190° C.) (MFR) and a melting temperature , the process comprising the steps of:{'sub': '0', '(a) determining the starting melt flow rate (5 kg, 190° C.) (MFR) of the polyethylene,'}(b) feeding the polyethylene into an extrusion device,(c) feeding a peroxide into the extrusion device, wherein the peroxide is provided in an amount of X ppm over the weight of the polyethylene, wherein the amount of peroxide X is in a range of 300 ppm to 4000 ppm,(d) mixing the polyethylene with the peroxide in the extrusion device at a temperature above the melting point of the polyethylene to form a mixture that is substantially homogeneous,{'sub': 'f', '(e) extruding the mixture obtained from step (d) to provide a modified polyethylene having a final melt flow rate (5 kg, 190° C.) (MFR),'}{'sub': 'f', '(f) determining the final melt flow rate (5 kg, 190° C.) (MFR) of the modified polyethylene obtained from step (e),'}{'sub': f', '0, 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'sub': 'f', 'i': '×e', 'sup': '−μX', 'MFR=MFR0\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'characterized in that the final melt flow rate (5 kg, 190° C.) (MFR) of the modified polyethylene fulfills an exponential decay defined by equation (I) with respect to the starting melt flow rate (5 kg, 190° C.) (MFR) and the concentration (X) of the peroxide based on the amount of polyethylene,'}wherein μ is an exponential decay constant and is from 0.0005 to 0.005.2. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ...

Polymeric Nanoparticles for Enhancing HIFU-Induced Ablation

In the field of medical therapy, more in particular in the field of ablation therapy using ultrasound, such as high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), devices and methods are disclosed for enhancing the ablation effect of HIFU. More in particular, a polymeric particle is disclosed, including a polymer entrapping a liquid perfluorocarbon for use in high frequency ultrasound (HIFU) ablation therapy in a human or animal body, wherein the HIFU is focused in a focal region, wherein the ablation effect of the HIFU in the focal region is enhanced by administering the particles to the human or animal body, and the liquid perfluorocarbon does not undergo a phase change from liquid to gas during exposure to the HIFU. 1. A polymeric particle , comprising: a polymer entrapping a liquid perfluorocarbon for use in high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation therapy in a human or animal body , wherein the HIFU is focused in a focal region , wherein an ablation effect of the HIFU in the focal region is enhanced by administering the particle to the human or animal body , wherein the liquid perfluorocarbon does not undergo a phase change from liquid to gas during exposure to the HIFU.2. The particle according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) claim 1 , poly(lactic acid) (PLA) claim 1 , poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) claim 1 , Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) claim 1 , or their copolymers.3. The particle according to claim 1 , wherein the particle is a nano-particle.4. The particle according to claim 1 , wherein the intensity of the high frequency ultrasound in the focal region is between 1 and 10 claim 1 ,000 Watt.5. The particle according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid perfluorocarbon is a perfluoro crown ether.6. The particle according to claim 5 , wherein the perfluoro crown ether is selected from the group consisting of perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether claim 5 , perfluoro-12-crown-4-ether and perfluoro-18-crown-6-ether.7. The particle ...

CREATING A COMPUTING SYSTEM

Disclosed is an environment including a device () for creating a computing system. The device () includes circuitry (), a first network interface (), and a second network interface (). The device () may be a gateway. The processing circuitry () is arranged to receive a system definition pertaining to a first network. The first network may include OCF clients (), such as a home automation control panel (B) or a remote monitor (A). The OCF clients () may communicate to the device () using OCF conventions. The system definition includes function identifiers and pertains to the first network. The system definition parameterizes the functions via the function identifiers of the system. Preferably, the first network operates in accordance with the OCF (Open Connectivity Foundation) family of standards. The system definition may be an OCF collection. Here, the function identifiers include the resources linked or batched by the OCF collection. The device () may operate as an OCF server. The processing circuitry () is also arranged to obtain an organizational element based on the system definition. Here, the organizational element pertains to the second network that uses the organizational element to self-organize. In an example, the second network operates in accordance with a IEEE 802.15.4e family of standards. For example, the system definition may be used as a key for the processing circuitry to lookup an RPL (Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) instance. The RPL instance may include an objective function which accepts environmental parameters of a node and provides a ranking of other nodes to attach as parents in a Destination-Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph (DODAG). The processing circuitry () is arranged to propagate the organizational element to the second network to modify the topology of the second network to create a system of nodes () in the second network in accordance with the system definition. The processing circuitry () is arranged to receive ...

Heat exchanging plate and heat exchanger

A plate for a heat exchanger between a first medium and a second medium, the plate being associated with a main plane of extension and a main longitudinal direction and including a first heat transfer surface, extending substantially in parallel to the main plane and arranged to be in contact with the first medium, generally flowing along the first surface in a first flow direction; and a second heat transfer surface, extending substantially in parallel to the main plane and arranged to be in contact with the second medium, generally flowing along the second surface in a second flow direction. The first surface includes protruding ridges defining at least two parallel and open-ended channels extending in the first flow direction. The second surface includes a plurality of protruding dimples arranged in the channels between neighbouring respective pairs of the ridges.

CONTRAST AGENT AND ITS USE FOR IMAGING

The present invention relates to contrast agent enhanced medical ultrasound imaging. In particular, the contrast agents provided are useful for cell imaging and cell therapy, as well as in vivo targeting, drug delivery and perfusion or vascular imaging applications. More specifically, it provides a particle comprising a fluorinated organic compound and a metal. Such particles may be advantageously employed in qualitative or quantitative imaging such as acoustic imaging including photoacoustic and ultra-sound imaging, MRI imaging, such as 19F imaging, 1H imaging including T1 and T2 weighted imaging, SPECT, PET, scintigraphy, fluorescence imaging and optical coherence imaging and tomographic applications. This may then be employed in cell labeling, microscopy, histology or for imaging vasculature or perfusion in vivo and in vitro. 1. A poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) particle comprising a perfluoro crown ether and a gadolinium chelate.2. The particle of claim 1 , wherein the perfluoro crown ether is selected from the group consisting of perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether claim 1 , perfluoro-12-crown-4-ether claim 1 , and perfluoro-18-crown-6-ether.3. The particle of claim 1 , wherein the gadolinium chelate is gadoteridol.4. The particle of claim 1 , wherein the particle comprises a therapeutic agent or a targeting agent claim 1 , such as a drug claim 1 , a receptor ligand or an antibody.5. The particle of claim 1 , wherein the particle comprises a detecting agent claim 1 , such as a dye claim 1 , such as a fluorescent dye or a radionuclide.6. Particulate matter comprising a number of particles of claim 1 , wherein the mean particle diameter is of a value of between 100 and 300 nanometers.7. The particle of claim 1 , wherein the particle is essentially surfactant free or surfactant free.8. A method of in vitro imaging of a subject claim 1 , the method comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'providing the particle of to the subject; and'}imaging the ...

Conveyor system

A conveyor system ( 10 ) for transporting a transportable material (M) by means of a fluid for transporting the transportable material (M) between a first conveying line portion ( 11 ) and a second conveying line portion ( 12 ), said conveying line portions ( 11, 12 ) comprising a plurality of pipes forming a continuous conveying line ( 13 ), said conveyor system ( 10 ) comprising: a conveyor device ( 1 ) in fluid connection to one of said first or said second conveying line portions ( 11, 12 ) operative to provide negative air pressure or vacuum through said conveying line ( 13 ); a material feeder device ( 2 ); wherein the conveyor device ( 1 ) comprises at least one system pressure sensor ( 1 a ), wherein the at least one system pressure sensor ( 1 a ) is arranged to monitor one or more system pressure level(s) inside the conveyor device ( 1 ) and via a sensor communication line ( 3 ) give at least one material level signal ( 1 aa ) to a controller ( 4 ) and from the controller ( 4 ) via a first control signal line ( 5 ) transmit a control signal to the material feeder device ( 2 ) having a valve ( 6 ), wherein the controller ( 4 ) is adapted to control the valve ( 6 ) and/or a mass-flow (M), respectively, of the material feeder device ( 2 ) in dependence of output from the at least one system pressure level sensor ( 1 a ) to control amount of air injected into the conveying line ( 13 ) at the material feeder device ( 2 ). The present invention benefits the user by allowing tuning for higher capacity minimizing the risk of material blockage in the conveying line. This ensures a reliable production.

SECURE DEVICE ONBOARDING TECHNIQUES

Various systems and methods for establishing network connectivity and onboarding for Internet of Things (IoT) devices and trusted platforms, including in Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) specification device deployments, are discussed. In an example, a zero touch owner transfer method includes operations of: receiving a first request from a new device for network access to begin an onboarding procedure with a network platform; transmitting credentials of a first network to the new device, the first network used to access a rendezvous server and obtain onboarding information associated with the network platform; receiving a second request from the new device for network access to continue the onboarding procedure; and transmitting credentials of a second network to the new device, as the new device uses the second network to access the onboarding server of the network platform and perform or complete the onboarding procedure with the network platform. 137-. (canceled)39. The device of claim 38 , wherein the credentials of the first network and the second network comprise respective settings for communications over wireless networks operating according to a specification of an IEEE 802.11 standards family.40. The device of claim 39 , the operations further comprising:transmitting rendezvous service information to the new device, the rendezvous service information usable by the new device to connect to the rendezvous service via the first network;wherein the first request, the rendezvous service information, and the credentials of the first network are exchanged in secure communications using a software access point hosted by the new device.41. The device of claim 39 , the operations further comprising:transmitting rendezvous service information to the new device using a discovery beacon, the rendezvous service information usable by the new device to connect to the rendezvous service via the first network;wherein the first request, the rendezvous service information, ...

RANGE CONSTRAINED DEVICE CONFIGURATION

Disclosed in some examples are methods, systems, and machine readable mediums for secure, low end-user effort computing device configuration. In some examples the IoT device is configured via a user's computing device over a short range wireless link of a first type. This short range wireless communication may use a connection establishment that does not require end-user input. For example, the end user will not have to enter, or confirm a PIN number or other authentication information such as usernames and/or passwords. This allows configuration to involve less user input. In some examples, to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks, the power of a transmitter in the IoT device that transmits the short range wireless link is reduced during a configuration procedure so that the range of the transmissions to and from the user's computing device are reduced to a short distance. 1. (canceled)2. An enrollee computing device comprising:a processor; and identify an unconfigured state of the enrollee computing device, by determining that the enrollee computing device requires a set of credentials to securely connect to a network;', 'advertise a configuration service, the configuration service adapted to receive information from a configurator, wherein the configurator is a configuration computing device to provision the enrollee computing device with the set of credentials to securely connect to the network;', 'receive a broadcast, responsive to the advertising of the configuration service, of a device provisioning protocol from the configurator;', 'establish a secure short range wireless session with the configurator, the secure short-range wireless session established without a user input and performed using a low-power connection;', 'receive, responsive to establishing the secure short range wireless session between the configurator and the enrollee computing device, configuration information of the enrollee computing device via the configuration service;', 'implement the ...

Personalized security system

A method for providing improved personalized security mechanisms for transferring electronic data is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method comprises generating, at a client computer, a user key pair, wherein the user key pair comprises a user private key and a user public key; transmitting the user public key from the client computer to a server computer; receiving, at the client computer, from the server computer, a user account public key; generating a virtual memory stick (“VMS”) file and including, in the VMS file, one or more keys and one or more passphrases; encrypting the VMS file with a protection passphrase to generate an encrypted VMS file; and transmitting the encrypted VMS file to the server computer.

Personalized security system

A method for providing improved personalized security mechanisms for transferring electronic data is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method comprises generating, at a client computer, a user key pair, wherein the user key pair comprises a user private key and a user public key; transmitting the user public key from the client computer to a server computer; receiving, at the client computer, from the server computer, a user account public key; generating a virtual memory stick (“VMS”) file and including, in the VMS file, one or more keys and one or more passphrases; encrypting the VMS file with a protection passphrase to generate an encrypted VMS file; and transmitting the encrypted VMS file to the server computer.

MECHANISM FOR EFFICIENT DATA REPORTING IN IIOT WSN

A wireless sensor network is provided comprising: a node that listens for radio messages with periodic control messages, and listens for radio messages with periodic sensor data messages, and determines whether to skip listening for radio messages with a periodic sensor data message during a sensor data time period based upon a skip indicator included in a periodic control message. 125.-. (canceled)26. A wireless sensor network comprising: [ periodic control messages; and', 'periodic sensor data messages; and, 'a node transceiver configured to listen for, 'a node microcontroller unit (MCU) configured to determine whether to cause the transceiver to skip listening for a periodic sensor data message during a sensor data time period based upon a skip indicator included in a periodic control message., 'a node comprising27. The wireless sensor network of further including:a child node that includes a child transceiver, a child sensor, and a child MCU;wherein the child MCU is configured to cause the child node transceiver to send the periodic control messages to the node transceiver and to send the periodic sensor data messages to the node transceiver.28. The wireless sensor network of claim 26 , wherein the node MCU is configured to:determine whether to skip listening for a periodic sensor data message during a sensor data time period based upon child transceiver sleep time interval information provided in a skip indicator included in the periodic control message.29. The wireless sensor network of claim 26 , wherein the node MCU is configured to:determine whether to skip listening for a periodic sensor data message during a sensor data time period based upon information indicating whether a child node has sensor data to be sent provided in a skip indicator included in the periodic control message.30. The wireless sensor network of claim 26 , wherein the node MCU is configured to:determine whether to skip listening for a periodic sensor data message during a sensor data ...

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor. In one embodiment, separate catalyst mixing systems are used to introduce a quantity of metallocene catalyst and Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the bulk loop reactor. The frequency rate at which the quantity of metallocene catalyst is introduced into the bulk loop reactor may be higher than the frequency rate at which the quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst is introduced. In another embodiment, a method of polymerizing propylene in a bulk loop reactor is provided which includes contacting a quantity of supported metallocene catalyst with a first quantity of scavenger, such as TEAL and or TIBAL, prior to injecting the supported metallocene catalyst into the bulk loop reactor and contacting a quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst system with a second quantity of scavenger prior to injecting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system into the bulk loop reactor, wherein the second quantity of scavenger is greater that the first quantity of scavenger. In another embodiment, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be ...

Compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blends and methods of making and using same

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a multifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt. % to 15 wt. %.

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10% to about 95% and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic acid and methods of making and using same

A multi-component article comprising a first component comprising a biodegradable polymer, and a second component comprising a polyolefin and a reactive modifier. A method of preparing a multi-layer film comprising coextruding first and second film layers, wherein the first layer comprises a polylactic acid and the second layer comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin. A method of preparing a multi-component fiber comprising coextruding a core component and a sheath component, wherein the core component comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin and the sheath component comprises a polylactic acid.

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polyproylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor. In one embodiment, separate catalyst mixing systems are used to introduce a quantity of metallocene catalyst and Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the bulk loop reactor. The frequency rate at which the quantity of metallocene catalyst is introduced into the bulk loop reactor may be higher than the frequency rate at which the quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst is introduced. In another embodiment, a method of polymerizing propylene in a bulk loop reactor is provided which includes contacting a quantity of supported metallocene catalyst with a first quantity of scavenger, such as TEAL and or TIBAL, prior to injecting the supported metallocene catalyst into the bulk loop reactor and contacting a quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst system with a second quantity of scavenger prior to injecting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system into the bulk loop reactor, wherein the second quantity of scavenger is greater that the first quantity of scavenger. In another embodiment, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be ...

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor.

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

Polymerization processes in a bulk loop reactor are described herein. In particular, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be a member, alone or in combination with other members, selected from Stadis 450 Conductivity Improver, Synperonic antifouling agent, and Pluronic antifouling agent.

Method for transitioning between ziegler-natta and metalocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

Polymerization processes in a bulk loop reactor are described herein. In particular, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be a member, alone or in combination with other members, selected from Stadis 450 Conductivity Improver, Synperonic antifouling agent, and Pluronic antifouling agent.

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

Polymerization processes in a bulk loop reactor are described herein. In particular, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be a member, alone or in combination with other members, selected from Stadis 450 Conductivity Improver, Synperonic antifouling agent, and Pluronic antifouling agent.

Method for the production of polypropylene

Propylene polymerization methods.

Process for the transition between Ziegler-Natta catalysts and metallocene catalysts in a loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

TRANSITION METHOD BETWEEN ZIEGLERNATTA AND METALOCENE CATALYSTS IN A MASSED LOOP REACTOR, FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYPROPYLENE.

Un método para la polimerización de propileno en un reactor masivo en bucle, que tiene un primer margen de temperaturas, que comprende los pasos de: introducción de una cantidad de catalizador de metaloceno que tiene un segundo margen de temperaturas con un primer índice de frecuencia de inyección dentro del reactor masivo en bucle, a partir de un sistema de mezclado del primer catalizador en comunicación con el reactor masivo en bucle; e introducción de una cantidad de catalizador Ziegler- Natta que tiene un tercer margen de temperatura con un segundo índice de frecuencia de inyección dentro del reactor masivo en bucle a partir de un segundo sistema de mezclado de catalizador en comunicación con el bucle masivo. A method for the polymerization of propylene in a massive loop reactor, which has a first temperature range, comprising the steps of: introducing an amount of metallocene catalyst having a second temperature range with a first frequency index of injection into the massive loop reactor, from a mixing system of the first catalyst in communication with the massive loop reactor; and introduction of an amount of Ziegler-Natta catalyst having a third temperature range with a second injection frequency index into the massive loop reactor from a second catalyst mixing system in communication with the massive loop.

Methods of catalyst activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at least one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprises a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types.

Multi-component catalyst systems and polymerization processes for forming in-situ heterophasic copolymers and/or varying the xylene solubles content of polyolefins

Embodiments of the invention generally include multi-component catalyst systems, polymerization processes and heterophasic copolymers formed by the processes. The multi-component catalyst system generally includes a first catalyst component selected from Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems including a diether internal electron donor and a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4. The multi-component catalyst system further includes a second catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4 and wherein the second catalyst component exhibits a higher ethylene response than the first catalyst component.

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

Verfahren für die Herstellung von Polypropylen

Method for Transitioning Between Ziegler-Natta and Metalocene Catalysts in a Bulk Loop Reactor for the Production of Polypropylene

Polymerization processes in a bulk loop reactor are described herein. In particular, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be a member, alone or in combination with other members, selected from Stadis 450 Conductivity Improver, Synperonic antifouling agent, and Pluronic antifouling agent.

Method for transitioning between ziegler-natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

Method for transitioning between ziegler-natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

Polymerization processes in a bulk loop reactor are described herein. In particular, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be a member, alone or in combination with other members, selected from Stadis 450 Conductivity Improver, Synperonic antifouling agent, and Pluronic antifouling agent.

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor. In one embodiment, separate catalyst mixing systems arc used to introduce a quantity of metallocene catalyst and Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the bulk loop reactor. The frequency rate at which the quantity of metallocene catalyst is introduced into the bulk loop reactor may be higher than the frequency rate at which the quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst is introduced. In another embodiment, a method of polymerizing propylene in a bulk loop reactor is provided which includes contacting a quantity of supported metallocene catalyst with a first quantity of scavenger, such as TEAL and or TIBAL, prior to injecting the supported metallocene catalyst into the bulk loop reactor and contacting a quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst system with a second quantity of scavenger prior to injecting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system into the bulk loop reactor, wherein the second quantity of scavenger is greater that the first quantity of scavenger. In another embodiment, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be ...

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor. In one embodiment, separate catalyst mixing systems arc used to introduce a quantity of metallocene catalyst and Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the bulk loop reactor. The frequency rate at which the quantity of metallocene catalyst is introduced into the bulk loop reactor may be higher than the frequency rate at which the quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst is introduced. In another embodiment, a method of polymerizing propylene in a bulk loop reactor is provided which includes contacting a quantity of supported metallocene catalyst with a first quantity of scavenger, such as TEAL and or TIBAL, prior to injecting the supported metallocene catalyst into the bulk loop reactor and contacting a quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst system with a second quantity of scavenger prior to injecting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system into the bulk loop reactor, wherein the second quantity of scavenger is greater that the first quantity of scavenger. In another embodiment, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be ...

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor.

Method for Transitioning Between Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts in a Bulk Loop Reactor for the Production of Polypropylene

Polymerization processes in a bulk loop reactor are described herein. In particular, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be a member, alone or in combination with other members, selected from Stadis 450 Conductivity Improver, Synperonic antifouling agent, and Pluronic antifouling agent.

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor. In one embodiment, separate catalyst mixing systems are used to introduce a quantity of metallocene catalyst and Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the bulk loop reactor. The frequency rate at which the quantity of metallocene catalyst is introduced into the bulk loop reactor may be higher than the frequency rate at which the quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst is introduced. In another embodiment, a method of polymerizing propylene in a bulk loop reactor is provided which includes contacting a quantity of supported metallocene catalyst with a first quantity of scavenger, such as TEAL and or TIBAL, prior to injecting the supported metallocene catalyst into the bulk loop reactor and contacting a quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst system with a second quantity of scavenger prior to injecting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system into the bulk loop reactor, wherein the second quantity of scavenger is greater that the first quantity of scavenger. In another embodiment, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be ...

Process for the transition between Ziegler-Natta catalysts and metallocene catalysts in a loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

Method for transitioning between Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts in a bulk loop reactor for the production of polypropylene

The present invention relates to propylene polymerization process in a bulk loop reactor, and particularly to propylene polymerization process for polymerizing commercial quantities of polypropylene in a bulk loop reactor by sequentially introducing Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalyst systems into the bulk loop reactor. In one embodiment, separate catalyst mixing systems are used to introduce a quantity of metallocene catalyst and Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the bulk loop reactor. The frequency rate at which the quantity of metallocene catalyst is introduced into the bulk loop reactor may be higher than the frequency rate at which the quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst is introduced. In another embodiment, a method of polymerizing propylene in a bulk loop reactor is provided which includes contacting a quantity of supported metallocene catalyst with a first quantity of scavenger, such as TEAL and or TIBAL, prior to injecting the supported metallocene catalyst into the bulk loop reactor and contacting a quantity of Ziegler-Natta catalyst system with a second quantity of scavenger prior to injecting the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system into the bulk loop reactor, wherein the second quantity of scavenger is greater that the first quantity of scavenger. In another embodiment, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be ...

Multi-component catalyst systems and polymerization processes for forming in-situ heterophasic copolymers and/or varying the xylene solubles content of polyolefins

Embodiments of the invention include multi-component catalyst systems, polymerization processes and heterophasic copolymers formed by the processes The multicomponent catalyst system includes a catalyst selected from Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems including a diether internal electron donor and a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCpACpBMAn, wherein X is a structural bridge, CpA and CpB independently denote substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl groups or derivatives, M is a transition metal, A is an alky I, hydrocarbyl or halogen group, and n is an integer between 0 and 4 Embodiments further include a second catalyst represented by the formula XCpACpBMAn, wherein CpA and CpB independently denote substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl groups or derivatives, X, M, A, and n are defined as before, and wherein the second catalyst exhibits a higher ethylene response than the first catalyst

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic acid and methods of making and using same

A multi-component article comprising a first component comprising a biodegradable polymer, and a second component comprising a polyolefin and a reactive modifier. A method of preparing a multi-layer film comprising coextruding first and second film layers, wherein the first layer comprises a polylactic acid and the second layer comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin. A method of preparing a multi-component fiber comprising coextruding a core component and a sheath component, wherein the core component comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin and the sheath component comprises a polylactic acid.

Compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blends and methods of making and using same

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a multifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt. % to 15 wt. %.

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10% to about 95% and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blends and methods of making and using same

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a mulltifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt.% to 15 wt.%.

Multi-component catalyst systems and polymerization processes for forming in-situ heterophasic copolymers and/or varying the xylene solubles content of polyolefins

Embodiments of the invention generally include multi-component catalyst systems, polymerization processes and heterophasic copolymers formed by the processes. The multi-component catalyst system generally includes a first catalyst component selected from Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems including a diether internal electron donor and a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4. The multi-component catalyst system further includes a second catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4 and wherein the second catalyst component exhibits a higher ethylene response than the first catalyst component.

Production of ultra high melt flow polypropylene resins

A method of preparing ultra high melt flow polypropylene having reduced xylene solubles is provided. The method utilizes a diether internal donor-containing Ziegler-Natta catalyst system to polymerize propylene. The polypropylene produced is characterized by having a melt flow of at least about 300 g/10 min and a xylene solubles of not more than about 3.5% and no peroxide residue. The catalyst system may also include an internal phthalate donor. The method of the invention allows the amount of external donors to be reduced, or even eliminated, without significant increases in xylene solubles.

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10% to about 95% and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Articles including a compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blend

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a multifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt. % to 15 wt. %.

Compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blends and methods of making and using same

Mixtures of compatible polypropylene and poly (lactic acid) and manufacturing and use procedures thereof

Una composición que comprende una mezcla de una poliolefina, un poli(ácido láctico) y un modificador reactivo, en la que el modificador reactivo es un polipropileno funcionalizado con epoxi. A composition comprising a mixture of a polyolefin, a poly (lactic acid) and a reactive modifier, wherein the reactive modifier is an epoxy functionalized polypropylene.

Compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blends and methods of making and using same

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a multifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt. % to 15 wt. %.

Compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blends and methods of making and using same

A composition comprising a blend of a polyolefin, polylactic acid, and a reactive modifier. A method of producing an oriented film comprising reactive extrusion compounding a mixture comprising polypropylene, polylactic acid, a reactive modifier to form a compatibilized polymeric blend, casting the compatibilized polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of preparing a reactive modifier comprising contacting a polyolefin, a mulltifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin wherein the epoxy-functionalized polyolefin has a grafting yield of from 0.2 wt.% to 15 wt.%.

Compatibilized polypropylene and polylactic acid blends and methods of making and using same

Injection molded article comprising polypropylene and polylactic acid

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10% to about 95% and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10 % to about 95 % and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10% to about 95% and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10 % to about 95 % and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Polymeric blends and methods of using same

A film comprising a polylactic acid and polypropylene blend having a haze of from about 10 % to about 95 % and a gloss 45° of from about 50 to about 125. A method of producing an oriented film comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, forming the polymeric blend into a film, and orienting the film. A method of producing an injection molded article comprising blending polypropylene and polylactic acid to form a polymeric blend, injecting the polymeric blend into a mold, and forming the article.

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic acid and methods of preparation and use thereof

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic and methods of making and using same

A multi-component article comprising a first component comprising a biodegradable polymer, and a second component comprising a polyolefin and a reactive modifier, A method of preparing a multi-layer film comprising coextruding first and second film layers, wherein the first layer comprises a polylactic acid and the second layer comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin. A method of preparing a multi-component fiber comprising coextruding a core component and a sheath component, wherein the core component comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin and the sheath component compiises a polylactic acid.

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic acid and methods for obtaining and using them

Un artículo multi-componente que comprende un primer componente que comprende: un polímero biodegradable, y un segundo componente que consiste en una poliolefina y un modificador reactivo, en el que el modificador reactivo es una poliolefina epoxi-funcionalizada. A multi-component article comprising a first component comprising: a biodegradable polymer, and a second component consisting of a polyolefin and a reactive modifier, wherein the reactive modifier is an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin.

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic and methods of making and using same

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic and methods of making and using same

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic and methods of making and using same

Polymeric compositions comprising polylactic and methods of making and using same

A multi-component article comprising a first component comprising a biodegradable polymer, and a second component comprising a polyolefin and a reactive modifier, A method of preparing a multi-layer film comprising coextruding first and second film layers, wherein the first layer comprises a polylactic acid and the second layer comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin. A method of preparing a multi-component fiber comprising coextruding a core component and a sheath component, wherein the core component comprises a polyolefin and an epoxy-functionalized polyolefin and the sheath component compiises a polylactic acid.

Production of ultra high melt flow polypropylene resins

A method of preparing ultra high melt flow polypropylene having reduced xylene solubles is provided. The method utilizes a diether internal donor-containing Ziegler-Natta catalyst system to polymerize propylene. The polypropylene produced is characterized by having a melt flow of at least about 300 g/10 min and a xylene solubles of not more than about 3.5% and no peroxide residue. The catalyst system may also include an internal phthalate donor. The method of the invention allows the amount of external donors to be reduced, or even eliminated, without significant increases in xylene solubles.

Fluorinated transition metal catalysts and formation thereof

Supported catalyst systems and methods of forming the same are described herein. In one specific embodiment, the methods generally include providing an inorganic support material and contacting the inorganic support material with an aluminum fluoride compound represented by the formula AlF p X 3-p B q to form an aluminum fluoride impregnated support, wherein X is selected from Cl, Br and OH − , B is H 2 O, p is selected from 1 to 3 and q is selected from 0 to 6. The method further includes contacting the aluminum fluoride impregnated support with a transition metal compound to form a supported catalyst system, wherein the transition metal compound is represented by the formula [L] m M[A] n ; wherein L is a bulky ligand, A is a leaving group, M is a transition metal and m and n are such that a total ligand valency corresponds to the transition metal valency.

pipe made from modified polyethylene

a invenção é relacionada a um cano produzido por uma modificação reativa de um polietileno reciclado na presença de um gerador de radical livre. adicionalmente, a presente invenção também é direcionada a um processo de uma maneira controlada para produzir canos a partir de reciclados de polietileno modificado que têm faixa de mfr mais ampla. The invention relates to a pipe produced by a reactive modification of a recycled polyethylene in the presence of a free radical generator. In addition, the present invention is also directed to a process in a controlled manner for producing pipes from modified polyethylene recycles having a wider mfr range.

Production of ultra high melt flow polypropylene resins

A method of preparing ultra high melt flow polypropylene having reduced xylene solubles is provided. The method utilizes a diether internal donor-containing Ziegler-Natta catalyst system to polymerize propylene. The polypropylene produced is characterized by having a melt flow of at least about 300 g/10 min and a xylene solubles of not more than about 3.5% and no peroxide residue. The catalyst system may also include an internal phthalate donor. The method of the invention allows the amount of external donors to be reduced, or even eliminated, without significant increases in xylene solubles.

Methods of catalyst activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at leastϊ one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprise a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprise the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types.

Methods of catalyst activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at least one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprises a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types.

Methods of catalyst activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at least one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprises a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types.

Methods of catalyst activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at least one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprises a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types.

Methods of Catalyst Activation

A method comprising preparing a multi-component catalyst system comprising a catalyst and a cocatalyst, and adjusting the level of at least one component of the catalyst system to maintain a user-desired level of catalyst activity throughout a process, wherein the component comprises a catalyst activator and wherein the catalyst activator comprises the catalyst or the cocatalyst. A method comprising contacting a polymerization catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and a cocatalyst with a catalyst activator at least twice during a polymerization process, wherein the polymerization process is carried out in a reactor system comprising multiple reactor types.

Multi-component catalyst systems and polymerization processes for forming in-situ heterophasic copolymers and/or varying the xylene solubles content of polyolefins

Embodiments of the invention generally include multi-component catalyst systems, polymerization processes and heterophasic copolymers formed by the processes. The multi-component catalyst system generally includes a first catalyst component selected from Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems including a diether internal electron donor and a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4. The multi-component catalyst system further includes a second catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4 and wherein the second catalyst component exhibits a higher ethylene response than the first catalyst component.

Multi-component catalyst systems and polymerization processes for forming in-situ heterophasic copolymers and/or varying the xylene solubles content of polyolefins

Multi-component catalyst systems and polymerization processes for forming in-situ heterophasic copolymers and/or varying the xylene solubles content of polyolefins

Embodiments of the invention generally include multi-component catalyst systems, polymerization processes and heterophasic copolymers formed by the processes. The multi-component catalyst system generally includes a first catalyst component selected from Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems including a diether internal electron donor and a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4. The multi-component catalyst system further includes a second catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCp A Cp B MA n , wherein X is a structural bridge, Cp A and Cp B each denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4 and wherein the second catalyst component exhibits a higher ethylene response than the first catalyst component.

Multi-component catalyst systems and polymerization processes for forming in-situ heterophasic copolymers and/or varying the xylene solubles content of polyolefins

Embodiments of the invention include multi-component catalyst systems, polymerization processes and heterophasic copolymers formed by the processes The multicomponent catalyst system includes a catalyst selected from Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems including a diether internal electron donor and a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCpACpBMAn, wherein X is a structural bridge, CpA and CpB independently denote substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl groups or derivatives, M is a transition metal, A is an alky I, hydrocarbyl or halogen group, and n is an integer between 0 and 4 Embodiments further include a second catalyst represented by the formula XCpACpBMAn, wherein CpA and CpB independently denote substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl groups or derivatives, X, M, A, and n are defined as before, and wherein the second catalyst exhibits a higher ethylene response than the first catalyst

Production of ultra high melt flow polypropylene resins

A method of preparing ultra high melt flow polypropylene having reduced xylene solubles is provided. The method utilizes a diether internal donor-containing Ziegler-Natta catalyst system to polymerize propylene. The polypropylene produced is characterized by having a melt flow of at least about 300 g/10 min and a xylene solubles of not more than about 3.5% and no peroxide residue. The catalyst system may also include an internal phthalate donor. The method of the invention allows the amount of external donors to be reduced, or even eliminated, without significant increases in xylene solubles.

Production of ultra high melt flow polypropylene resins

A method of preparing ultra high melt flow polypropylene having reduced xylene solubles is provided. The method utilizes a diether internal donor-containing Ziegler-Natta catalyst system to polymerize propylene. The polypropylene produced is characterized by having a melt flow of at least about 300 g/10 min and a xylene solubles of not more than about 3.5% and no peroxide residue. The catalyst system may also include an internal phthalate donor. The method of the invention allows the amount of external donors to be reduced, or even eliminated, without significant increases in xylene solubles.

Fluorinated transition metal catalysts and large scale formation thereof

Catalyst systems and methods of forming the same are described herein. The catalyst system may be formed by contacting an alumina-silica support composition with ammonium bifluoride in the presence of water to form a first fluorinated support composition. The method then includes heating the first fluorinated support composition in an oxygen containing atmosphere to a temperature of from about 200° C. to about 600° C. to form a second fluorinated support composition, wherein the second fluorinated support composition includes a bonding sequence selected from Si—O—Al—F, F—Si—O—Al, F—Si—O—Al—F and combinations thereof and then contacting the second fluorinated support composition with a transition metal compound to form a supported catalyst system, wherein the transition metal compound is represented by the formula [L] m M[A] n ; wherein L is a bulky ligand, A is a leaving group, M is a transition metal and m and n are such that a total ligand valency corresponds to the transition metal valency.

Heterophasische propylenpolymere mit kontrollierten rheologischen werten

Polymeric blends for fiber applications and methods of making the same

Processes of forming a fiber article and articles formed therefrom are described herein. The processes generally include providing a propylene-based polymer; contacting the propylene- based polymer with polylactic acid in the presence of a reactive modifier, a non-reactive modifier or a combination thereof to form a polymeric blend, wherein the reactive modifier is selected from epoxy-functionalized poiyolefins and the non-reactive modifier comprises an elastomer; and forming the polymeric blend into a fiber article.

molecular modification of polyethylene resin

a invenção se refere a um processo para produzir polietileno modificado com uma taxa de fluxo de fusão reduzida (5 kg, 190 °c) (mfr). em particular, a presente invenção é direcionada a um processo de uma maneira controlada para a produção de reciclados de polietileno modificados tendo baixa mfr e baixo teor de gel diretamente por processamento de extrusão reativa. The invention relates to a process for producing modified polyethylene with a reduced melt flow rate (5 kg, 190 ° c) (mfr). In particular, the present invention is directed to a process in a controlled manner for the production of modified polyethylene recycles having low mfr and low gel content directly by reactive extrusion processing.

Composition of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, chlorinated polyethylene and additional polyethylene resin and their use

Method for secure handover

In a mobile, wireless telecommunications network, communications relating to a mobile terminal can be protected during a handover of the mobile terminal from a first access point to a second access point. This may be accomplished by transmitting a security token from the first access point to the mobile terminal, and then from the mobile terminal to the second access point, over the radio interface. Thereafter, the security token is transmitted from the first access point to the second access point through the fixed network to which both the first and the second access points are connected. The communications link between the mobile terminal and the second access point needed to achieve secure handover is then established only if the second access point determines that the security token received from the mobile terminal matches the security token received from the first access point.