POLYPEPTIDE ANTIGEN FORMING a STRUCTURE MIMANT INTERMEDIATE STATE DEGP41.

INDUCING POLYPEPTIDE OF THE ANTIBODY NEUTRALIZING THE HIV

APPARATUS FOR TREATING MATERIALS IN FOUNTAINING LAYER

新型嘧啶-2,4,6-三酮衍生物,它们的生产方法和含有这些化合物的药剂

... 具有金属蛋白酶抑制剂活性的式(I)的化合物：∴R#-[1]表示取代或未取代的苯氧基，苯基硫基，苯基亚硫酰基，苯基磺酰基，苯基氨基或苯基甲基残基，和R#-[2]表示任选取代的芳基或杂芳基残基。 ...

APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND COOLING OF SOLID PARTICLES

New pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione derivatives, processes for their production and pharmaceutical agents cnotaining these compounds

Gas phase polymerization process of C2-C8-alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta- or a metallocene catalyst

Process for the polymerization of C2-C8 alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system

Vehicle e.g. lorry, travel data e.g. travel time, detecting and evaluating method for traffic telematics system, involves transmitting driving in and out data and identification data, that is encoded before transmission, to processing unit

The method involves transmitting driving in and driving out data and vehicle identification data that are detected by detecting units (1, 2) during drive in and drive out of a vehicle (3) into and from a specified section of road, respectively, to a CPU (4). The identification data are encoded before the transmission by temporarily available codes that are selectively generated by the detecting units. The transmitted data is subsequently processed by the unit (4), without decoding the encoded data. An independent claim is also included for an arrangement for detecting and evaluating vehicle travel data such as travel time of an individual vehicle in a specified section of road.

Microcapsules, process for their preparation and their use

Mikrokapseln enthaltend einen verkapselten Kern, wobei das Kernmaterial aus mindestens einem anorganischen Salz, dessen Salzhydrat und/oder Wasser, deren Schmelzpunkt im Bereich von 0°C bis 100°C liegt, besteht, der von einer Kapselwand aus mindestens einem im Bereich von 0°C bis 100°C nicht-schmelzbaren Duromer umhüllt ist, wobei die Kapselwand aus einem unmodifizierten oder modifizierten organophilen Melamin-Formaldehydharz besteht. Microcapsules containing an encapsulated core, wherein the core material consists of at least one inorganic salt, the salt hydrate and / or water whose melting point is in the range of 0 ° C to 100 ° C, which consists of a capsule wall of at least one in the range of 0 ° C is encapsulated to 100 ° C non-meltable duromer, wherein the capsule wall consists of an unmodified or modified organophilic melamine-formaldehyde resin.

Spatial light modulation device for modulating a wave field with complex information

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Lichtmodulationseinrichtung mit mindestens einem Modulationsfeld, welches diskret kodierbare Modulatorzellen (P01, P02) aufweist, die zu Modulationselementen (ME) kombiniert sind, wobei mit den Modulatorzellen (P01, P02) interferenzfähige Lichtwellen eines propagierenden Lichtwellenfeldes (LW) räumlich strukturiert mit holographischer Information modulierbar sind, wobei die Modulatorzellen (P01, P02) eines jeden Modulationselementes (ME) in dem Modulationsfeld (ME) bezüglich der Ausbreitungsrichtung des propagierenden Lichtwellenfeldes (LW) nebeneinander angeordnet sind und jedes Modulationselement (ME) mit einem vorgebbaren diskreten komplexen Objektabtastwert kodierbar ist, um räumlich arrangierte Objektlichtpunkte holographisch zu rekonstruieren. Die erfindungsgemäße Lichtmodulationseinrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Modulatorzellen (P01, P02) des Modulationsfeldes (ME) Lichtwellenmultiplexmittel zugeordnet sind, mit welchen für jedes Modulationselement (ME) die durch die Modulatorzellen (P01, P02) modulierten Lichtwellenteile mittels Refraktion oder Diffraktion ausgangsseitig zu einem modulierten Lichtwellenmultiplex derart zusammenfügbar sind, dass der modulierte Lichtwellenmultiplex das Modulationselement (ME) im Wesentlichen an einem gemeinsamen Ort und in im Wesentlichen mit gleicher Ausbreitungsrichtung verlässt. The present invention relates to a light modulation device having at least one modulation field, which has discretely codable modulator cells (P01, P02), which are combined to form modulation elements (ME), wherein spatially structured with the modulator cells (P01, P02) interfering light waves of a propagating light wave field (LW) can be modulated with holographic information, wherein the modulator cells (P01, P02) of each modulation element (ME) in the modulation field (ME) with respect to the propagation direction of the propagating light wave field (LW) are arranged side by side and each ...

Process for the polymerization of C2-C8-Alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system

Gas phase polymerization process of C2-C8-alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta- or a metallocene catalyst

Gas phase homo- or copolymerisation of 2-8C alk-1-enes with a Ziegler-Natta or metallocene catalyst system is carried out in a stirred bed of finely-divided polymer, with addition of the catalyst solid (I) containing transition metal with the alkene. The novelty is that (I) is introduced into the reactor with (part of) the alkene through (almost) vertical pipe(s) projecting down into the gas space and ending above the stirred powder bed. Also claimed is the apparatus used. Preferably the vertical distance between the pipe(s) and the surface of the bed is < 15%, especially < 10% of the distance between the top of the reactor and the bed. The pipe(s) end in the middle of the reactor or are slightly eccentric, such that distance of the end(s) of the pipe(s) from the middle is < 20%, especially < 15% of the radius of the reactor. The bed is agitated with a spiral stirrer.

Highly crystalline polypropylene waxes

Polypropylenwachs, gekennzeichnet durch a) einen Tropf- bzw. Erweichungspunkt Ring/Kugel größer als 155°C, b) Schmelzwärmen größer als 80 J/g und c) einen DSC-Schmelzpunkt > 155°C. Die erfindungsgemäßen Wachse werden durch Umsetzung von Propylen mit Metallocenverbindungen bei Temperaturen im Bereich von 40 bis 140°C und einem Olefin-Partialdruck im Bereich von 1 bis 50 bar in Gegenwart eines Cokatalysators hergestellt. Sie weisen einen Gehalt an ungesättigten Kettenenden kleiner 10% auf. Sie können z.B. durch radikalische Pfropfreaktion mit polaren Monomeren modifiziert werden und eignen sich z.B. unmodifiziert als Dispergiermittel für Pigmente, als Additiv in Druckfarben und Lacken oder Tonern oder modifiziert zur Herstellung wässriger Dispersionen oder als Haft- und Verträglichkeitsvermittler in Kunststoffcompounds. Polypropylene wax, characterized by a) a dripping or softening point ring / sphere greater than 155 ° C, b) heat of fusion greater than 80 J / g and c) a DSC melting point> 155 ° C. The waxes of the invention are prepared by reacting propylene with metallocene compounds at temperatures ranging from 40 to 140 ° C and an olefin partial pressure in the range of 1 to 50 bar in the presence of a cocatalyst. They have a content of unsaturated chain ends less than 10%. You can e.g. are modified by radical grafting reaction with polar monomers and are e.g. unmodified as a dispersant for pigments, as an additive in printing inks and coatings or toners or modified for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or as adhesion and compatibilizer in plastic compounds.

POLYMERIZATION PROCEDURE IN A GASEOUS PHASE OF ALQU-1-ENOS C2-C8 USING A ZIEGLER-NATTA OR METALOCENE CATALYST.

PROCESO PARA LA HOMOPOLIMERIZACION O COPOLIMERIZACION DE C 2 - C 8 - ALQU - 1 - ENOS MEDIANTE UN SISTEMA DE CATALIZADORES ZIEGLER, NATTA O DE METALOCENO EN UN LECHO BAJO AGITACION DE POLIMERIZADO DE PARTICULAS FINAS A PARTIR DE LA FASE GASEOSA, SIENDO INTRODUCIDA AL REACTOR LA SUSTANCIA SOLIDA CATALITICA DEL SISTEMA ZIEGLER, NATTA O DE METALOCENO, LA CUAL CONTIENE UN METAL DE TRANSICION, MEDIANTE EL C 2 - C 8 - ALQU - 1 - ENO DOSIFICADO EN EL REACTOR, CARACTERIZADO POR AÑADIR AL REACTOR LA SUSTANCIA SOLIDA CATALITICA A BASE DEL METAL DE TRANSICION JUNTO CON AL MENOS UNA PARTE DEL C 2 C 8 - ALQU - 1 - ENO A TRAVES DE UNO O VARIOS TUBOS QUE PENETRAN EN LA CAMARA DE GAS VERTICALMENTE O CASI VERTICALMENTE DESDE LA PARTE SUPERIOR Y TERMINAN ENCIMA DEL LECHO DEL REACTOR PULVERIZADO BAJO AGITACION. PROCESS FOR HOMOPOLYMERIZATION OR COPOLYMERIZATION OF C 2 - C 8 - ALQU - 1 - ENSO BY A SYSTEM OF CATALYZERS ZIEGLER, NATTA OR METALOCENE IN A LOW BATTERY POLYMERIZATION OF FINE PARTICLES, FROM THE GENDOSO PHASEOSA PHASE THE CATALITIC SOLID SUBSTANCE OF THE ZIEGLER, NATTA OR METALOCENE SYSTEM, WHICH CONTAINS A TRANSITIONAL METAL, THROUGH C 2 - C 8 - ALQU - 1 - ENO DOSED IN THE REACTOR, CHARACTERIZED BY ADDING TO THE REACTOR THE SOLID CATALITIC BASE SUBSTANCE OF THE TRANSITIONAL METAL TOGETHER WITH AT LEAST ONE PART OF THE C 2 C 8 - ALQU - 1 - ENO THROUGH ONE OR VARIOUS TUBES THAT PENETRATE IN THE GAS CHAMBER VERTICALLY OR ALMOST VERTICALLY FROM THE UPPER PART AND END UP THE REACTOR'S MILK PULVERIZED UNDER AGITATION.

Ｃ２〜ｃ８−アルケ−１−エンの単独重合または共重合のための方法および装置

(57)【要約】 【課題】 Ｃ２〜Ｃ８−アルケ−１−エンの単独重合ま たは共重合のための方法を提供する。 【解決手段】 気相から、微分散したポリマーの撹拌床 内で、チ−グラ−・ナッタ触媒系またはメタロセン触媒 系を用いて、反応器に計量供給されるＣ２〜Ｃ８−アル ケ−１−エンによりチ−グラ−・ナッタ触媒系またはメ タロセン触媒系の遷移金属含有触媒固体を反応器に供給 し、その際遷移金属含有触媒固体を少なくとも一部のＣ ２〜Ｃ８−アルケ−１−エンと一緒に１個以上のパイプ を介して反応器に供給し、前記パイプが垂直にまたはほ ぼ垂直に上からガス空間に突出し、粉末の撹拌床より上 で終了する。

Gas phase polymerization process of C2-C8-alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta- or a metallocene catalyst

Verfahren zur Homo- oder Copolymerisation von C 2 -C 8 -Alk-1-enen mittels eines Ziegler-Natta- oder eines Metallocen-Katalysatorsystems in einem gerührten Bett aus feinteiligem Polymerisat aus der Gasphase, wobei der übergangsmetallhaltige Katalysatorfeststoff des Ziegler-Natta- oder Metallocen-Katalysatorsystems durch in den Reaktor dosiertes C 2 -C 8 -Alk-1-en dem Reaktor zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den übergangsmetallhaltigen Katalysatorfeststoff zusammen mit mindestens einem Teil des C 2 -C 8 -Alk-1-ens durch ein oder mehrere Rohre, die senkrecht oder nahezu senkrecht von oben in den Gasraum hineinragen und oberhalb des pulverförmigen gerührten Reaktorbetts enden, dem Reaktor zugibt. Process for the homo- or copolymerization of C 2 -C 8 -alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta or a metallocene catalyst system in a stirred bed of finely divided polymer from the gas phase, the transition metal-containing catalyst solids of the Ziegler-Natta or Metallocene catalyst system is fed to the reactor by C 2 -C 8 alk-1-ene metered into the reactor, characterized in that the catalyst solid containing transition metal is passed through together with at least part of the C 2 -C 8 alk-1-ene one or more tubes, which protrude vertically or almost vertically from above into the gas space and end above the powdered stirred reactor bed, are added to the reactor.

Method and device for producing 1,3-diaminopropanol-2.

Process for the polymerisation of polar compounds

The invention relates to a process for the polymerisation of polar compounds which contain a C=C double bond in the alpha -position to a carbonyl or nitrile group, these including, in particular, acrylic acid derivatives. The polymerisation is quasi-ionic, is initiated by organosilicon compounds as initiators together with nucleophilic or electrophilic catalysts, and is carried out at temperatures in the range from -100@C to +100@C. The initiators used are silanes, silazanes or siloxanes in which at least one Si-bonded H atom or at least one Si-bonded N atom in the form of secondary or tertiary amino or amido groups or at least one Si-bonded C atom in the form of alkynyl or cyclodienyl groups is present per Si atom.

New anionic cyclopentadienyl-carbohydrate compounds useful in the preparation of metallocene-carbohydrate compound, which is useful to treat cancer

Anionic cyclopentadienyl-carbohydrate compounds (I), are new. Anionic cyclopentadienyl-carbohydrate compounds of formula (I), are new. m : 0-10 (preferably 1); ER1 : OH, alkoxy, nucleo-base or N-alkylated nucleo-base, preferably methoxy or N-methyl-uracil; either R4a-R4d : H (preferred) or alkyl; or R4a+R4b+R4c+R4d : aromatic, olefinic and/or aliphatic carbo- or heterocyclic form; and R2, R3 : H or alkyl (preferably -CH 2- or -C(CH 3) 2-), where R2 and R3 are optionally alkylene. Where OR2 and OR3 are cis to each other. Independent claims are included for: (1) a metallocene-carbohydrate compound of formula ((I) n-MXY1-(II) 2 - n) (A); and (2) the preparation of metallocene-carbohydrate compound comprising reacting a carbohydrate in the furanose form with (I), where the carbohydrate shows the following features: the glycosidic OH-group is protected or is bonded in place of nucleobase or N-alkylated nucleobase to form a furanose ring, the further both OH groups bound directly at the furanose ring are protected and the exocyclic, was transported over a methyl group with the furanose ring connected OH-group in a leaving group accessible for nucleophilic substitution, deprotonating the obtained carbohydrate-cyclopentadiene-compound, and transmetallizing the obtained carbohydrate cyclopentadienyl salt with a mediator compound of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium or mercury. M : Sc, Y, La, Ti (preferred), Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd and/or Hg; X, Y1 : halo (preferably chlorine), alkoxy, alkyl, aryl, aryloxy, benzyl or benzoate; either R5a-R5e : H (preferred) or alkyl; or R5a+R5b+R5c+R5d+R5e : aromatic, olefinic and/or aliphatic carbo- or heterocyclic; and n : 1 or 2. [Image] ...

Process for the polymerization of C2-C8 alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system

Verfahren zur Polymerisation von C 2 -C 8 -Alk-1-enen mittels eines Ziegler-Natta-Katalysatorsystems in einer Reaktorkaskade aus mindestens zwei Reaktoren, wobei man in einem Reaktor R A , dem ein oder mehrere weitere Reaktoren vorgeschaltet sein können, ein Homo- oder Copolymerisat von C 2 -C 8 -Alk-1-enen herstellt, das Reaktionsgemisch aus R A austrägt und in einen nächsten Reaktor R B überführt und die Polymerisation in R B sowie den Reaktoren, die sich an R B anschließen können, zur Regelung der Katalysatoraktivität in Gegenwart eines flüssigen oder sich in Lösung befindenden Regulators durchführt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den Regulator dem Reaktionsgemisch nach Austrag aus R A und vor Eintrag in R B hinzufügt, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Polymerisation von C 2 -C 8 -Alk-1-enen mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Process for the polymerization of C 2 -C 8 -alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system in a reactor cascade comprising at least two reactors, with homo in a reactor R A , which may be preceded by one or more other reactors - or a copolymer of C 2 -C 8 -alk-1-enes, the reaction mixture is discharged from R A and transferred to a next reactor R B and the polymerization in R B and in the reactors which can follow R B for Regulation of the catalyst activity in the presence of a liquid or in solution regulator, characterized in that the regulator is added to the reaction mixture after discharge from R A and before entry into R B , and a device for the polymerization of C 2 -C 8 -alk -1-enes by means of the method according to the invention.

Process for the polymerization of C2-C8 alk-1-enes using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system

A process for the polymerisation of 2-8C alk-1-enes in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system in a cascade of at least 2 reactors A and B, in which a homo- or co-polymer is formed in reactor A (which may be connected to other reactors upstream), then the reaction mixture is transferred to reactor B and polymerisation is continued in B (and in any downstream reactors connected to B) in presence of a regulator (I) which is added as a liquid or in solution to the reaction mixture in transit between reactors A and B, to regulate the activity of the catalyst. Also claimed is the equipment for this process, comprising several reactors in cascade with systems for transferring the mixture of polymer, unreacted monomers and active catalyst components from one reactor to the next, at least one of these transfer systems being fitted with a metering system for the addition of (I) in the form of a liquid or solution.

チーグラー／ナッタ触媒組成物によるｃ２−ｃ８アルカ−１−エンの重合方法

(57)【要約】 【課題】重合体粒子の凝集および被覆層、堆積物形成を 軽減しまたは完全に阻止する、チーグラー／ナッタ触媒 組成物によるＣ２−Ｃ８アルカ−１−エンの重合方法を 提供すること。 【解決手段】少なくとも２個の反応器を包含するカスケ ード中において、チーグラー／ナッタ触媒組成物により Ｃ 2 −Ｃ 8 の１−アルケンが重合せしめられ、さらに上 流に単一もしくは複数の反応器が接続されていてもよい 反応器１中において、Ｃ 2 −Ｃ 8 −１−アルケンの単独 重合体または共重合体が形成され、重合反応混合物が、 反応器１から排出され、次段反応器２に移送され、この 反応器２およびこれに接続されていてもよい反応器中に おける重合が、触媒活性を制御するための液状の、もし くは溶解された制御剤の存在下に行なわれ、この制御剤 が、反応器１から排出後、反応器２への導入前の重合反 応混合物に添加されるようにする。

Process for the preparation of homo- and copolyesters of lactic acid

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Homo- und Copolyestern der Milchsäure durch Ringöffnungspolymerisation ihrer cyclischen Monomeren in Gegenwart eines Initiators dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polymerisation in schmelzflüssiger Phase in Gegenwart eines Initiatorsystems enthaltend eine Verbindung des Zinn sowie mindestens eine weitere Verbindung der Metalle von Titan und/oder Zirkon durchgeführt wird.

NON-STATIC COPOLYESTER OF L-MILKY ACID WITH CONTROLLED COMONOMER DISTRIBUTION

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blockcopolyestern von L-Milchsäure, die Polyesterblöcke der nachstehenden Struktur enthalten:Block A Block Bworin:R: H, -CH3, -C2H5; x: molarer Anteil der Blöcke A; y: molarer Anteil der Blöcke B; x + y = 1;m: Anzahl der L-Milchsäure-Einheiten in Block A; n: Anzahl der Monomer-Einheiten in Block B; o: Anzahl an Methylengruppen; 0 ≤ o ≤ 4; undp: Anzahl der Blockwiederholungen; bedeuten,wobei die Blockcopolyester durch kontinuierliche, zweistufige Ringöffnungscopolymerisation von L,L-Dilactid mit einem oder mehreren damit copolymerisierbaren aliphatischen Heterozyklen hergestellt werden.

PARTICULATE CATALYST AND CATALYST / STABILIZER SYSTEMS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH-MOLECULAR HOMO- AND COPOLYESTERS OF L-, D- OR D, L-MILKYLIC ACID

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CYCLIC DIESTERS OF L, D AND D, L-MILKYLIC ACID

Verfahren zur Herstellung von L,L-, D,D-, D,L- bzw. meso-Dilactid, umfassend die Polykondensation und/oder Polyumesterung von L-, D- oder D,L-Milchsäure bzw. Estern davon zu höhermolekularen Polyestern der L-, D- bzw. D,L-Milchsäure (Polymilchsäuren) und die zyklisierende Depolymerisation der Polymilchsäuren zu den Dilactiden, worin die höhermolekularen Polyester der L-, D- bzw. D,L-Milchsäure in Gegenwart hydrolysestabiler Metallverbindungen als Katalysator hergestellt werden. A process for the preparation of L, L, D, D, D, L or meso-dilactide comprising the polycondensation and / or polyesterification of L, D or D, L-lactic acid or esters thereof to higher molecular weight polyesters L, D or D, L-lactic acid (polylactic acids) and the cyclizing depolymerization of polylactic acids to the dilactides, wherein the higher molecular weight polyesters of L, D or D, L-lactic acid in the presence of hydrolysis-stable metal compounds prepared as a catalyst become.

METHOD FOR CLEANING CYCLIC DIESTERS OF L- BZW. D-LACTIC

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von L,L- oder D,D-Dilactid aus einem Stereoisomerengemisch, wobei ein die Dilactid-Stereoisomere sowie höher und/oder niedriger siedende Bestandteile umfassendes Gemisch einem ersten Des­tillationsschritt unterzogen wird, um eine von den höher und niedriger siedenden Be­standteilen des Gemischs weitgehend gereinigte Fraktion der Dilactid-Stereoisomere zu erhalten, die anschließend einem zweiten Destillationsschritt unterzogen wird, um im Wesentlichen stereoisomerenfreies, gereinigtes L,L- oder D,D-Dilactid zu erhal­ten, mit dem Kennzeichen, dass vor dem zweiten Destillationsschritt Wasser zu der Fraktion der Dilactid-Stereoisomere zugesetzt wird, um meso-Dilactid selektiv zu Lactoylmilchsäure und/oder zu L- und D-Milchsäure zu hydrolysieren, von denen das L,L- oder D,D-Dilactid im zweiten Destillationsschritt in im Wesentlichen reiner Form abgetrennt wird. The invention relates to a process for the purification of L, L or D, D-dilactide from a stereoisomeric mixture, wherein a mixture comprising the dilactide stereoisomers and higher and / or lower boiling components is subjected to a first distillation step to one of the higher and lower boiling components of the mixture to obtain a substantially purified fraction of the dilactide stereoisomers, which is then subjected to a second distillation step to obtain substantially stereoisomer-free, purified L, L or D, D-dilactide, with the characteristic that before the second Water distillation step is added to the fraction of dilactide stereoisomers to selectively hydrolyze meso-dilactide to lactoyllactic acid and / or to L- and D-lactic acid, of which the L, L or D, D-dilactide in the second distillation step in the Essentially pure form is separated.

Protein with phospholipase activity

The invention concerns a protein with phospholipase activity which is characterized in that it comprises the mature sequence of Aspergillus lysophospholipase or a sequence derived therefrom and can be cleaved at at least one point. In the event of cleavage, either the cleaved parts are bonded via at least one bond which can be cleaved under reduction conditions, or at least one of the non-cleaved parts has phospholipase activity. The invention further concerns a process for producing this protein by fermentation in a suitable culture medium of a host organism which produces lysophospholipase transformed in suitable manner and isolating the protein with phospholipase activity from the cell-free culture filtrate, fermentation being carried out in an acidic to slightly alkaline range.

Photodiode with semiconductor integrated circuit and method of manufacture

Es wird vorgeschlagen, eine Halbleiterschaltung in einem Halbleiterkörper herzustellen und mit einem weiteren Substrat, in dem in einem Schichtaufbau eine Diode erzeugt ist durch ein Waferbond-Verfahren zu verbinden. Mittels Durchkontaktierungen durch den Halbleiterkörper wird die Halbleiterschaltung mit den Anschlüssen der Diode verbunden. It is proposed to produce a semiconductor circuit in a semiconductor body and to connect it to a further substrate in which a diode is produced in a layer construction by means of a wafer bonding process. By means of plated-through holes through the semiconductor body, the semiconductor circuit is connected to the terminals of the diode.

Effect pigments for e.g. paints, coatings or tracers, comprises inorganic flake-form substrates that are uniform in shape and size and that have circular or elliptical shape or polygon shape

Effect pigments of uniform shape and size based on a flake-form inorganic substrate, comprises inorganic flake-form substrates that are uniform in shape and size and that have a circular or elliptical shape or a polygon shape. Effect pigments of uniform shape and size based on a flake-form inorganic substrate, comprises inorganic flake-form substrates that are uniform in shape and size and that have a circular or elliptical shape or a polygon V nshape, where n is the number of corners and is >=3. An independent claim is also included for a process of preparing effect pigments, comprising applying a film comprising a substrate precursor to a structured support having structuring in circular or elliptical shapes or in the shape of the polygon V n; solidifying the film by drying; developing a substrate by chemical reaction from the substrate precursor; removing the substrate from the structured support; and optionally washing, drying and/or calcining the substrate.

Pharmaceutical compsn. for prevention or treatment of viral disease

A pharmaceutical compsn. for the prevention or treatment of viral disease, by which highly-mutated viruses are purified, contains specific neutralised antibodies. Purification involves ultracentrifugation or nanocentrifugation and uses prokaryotes or eukaryotes. The antibodies may be derived from plasma or plasma fractions.

Supported catalyst and process for the production of fluorocarbons

The invention relates to a supported catalyst and method for producing fluorocarbons by means of hydrodehalogenizing chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) or halons with hydrogen. The aim of the invention is to create an easy to produce supported catalyst for hydrodehalogenizing CFC and halon to fluorocarbons and a hydrodehalogenizing method which uses said catalyst. To this end, a supporting material is provided on which an active component mixture is fixed. Said active component mixture contains at least one metal composition of general formula PdaXbYc in which (X) represents additional metals of subgroup VIII of the periodic table of elements; (Y) represents metals of subgroups III or IV and rare-earth metals; (a) represents a number ranging from 0.5 to 100 - (b+c); (b) represents a number ranging from > 0 to 100 - (a+c); and (c) represents a number ranging from > 0 to 100 - (a+b), whereby (b) plus (c) cannot equal zero.

Antimicrobial preparations containing octenidine dihydrochloride encapsulated in liposomes

Die Erfindung betrifft antimikrobielle Zubereitungen, die Octenidindihydrochlorid in Liposomen enthalten. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Zubereitungen sowie die Verwendung von Phospholipiden zur Herstellung von antimikrobiellen Zubereitungen, die Octenidindihydrochlorid enthalten. Die Zubereitungen zeigen eine geringe Zytotoxizität. The invention relates to antimicrobial preparations containing octenidine dihydrochloride in liposomes. Moreover, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of the preparations and to the use of phospholipids for the production of antimicrobial preparations containing octenidine dihydrochloride. The preparations show a low cytotoxicity.

Hydrogenation and catalytic distillation of polyunsaturated 2-8c hydrocarbon

(57)【要約】 【課題】 多不飽和Ｃ原子数２〜８の炭化水素、とくに Ｃ原子数２〜８のアルキンおよび／またはＣ原子数４〜 ８のアルキネンおよび／またはアルカジエンを遊離水素 の存在において触媒充填物と接触させることからなる、 公知触媒の欠点を回避する、流体中での多不飽和Ｃ原子 数２〜８の炭化水素の水素添加法を提供する。 【解決手段】 触媒充填物は、触媒および／または促進 剤として活性である少なくとも１つの物質を担体材料と しての織メッシュまたは編メッシュまたは箔に適用する ことにより製造することができる。 【効果】 高い空間速度でさえ高い変換率を達成するこ とができ、イソブテンの水素添加は起きない。

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,3-DIAMINOPROPANOL-2.

EL PRESENTE INVENTO SE REFIERE A UN PROCEDIMIENTO Y UN DISPOSITIVO PARA PREPARA 1,3-DIAMINOPROPANOL-2. DICHO PROCEDIMIENTO CONSISTE EN: (A) TRATAR LA EPICLORHIDRINA CON UNA SOLUCION ACUOSA DE AMONIACO, (B) PONER EN CONTACTO DEL PRODUCTO OBTENIDO EN A) CON UNA MASA INTERCAMBIADORA DE ANIONES BASICOS POR DEBAJO DE 30 C (C) TRASLADAR EL PRODUCTO OBTENIDO EN B) DESDE UN DEPOSITO DE RESERVA A UN DISPOSITIVO EVAPORADOR DE CORTE RECORRIDO; (D) MANTENER EN EL DISPOSITIVO DE EVAPORACION UNA PRESION MENOR DE 500 MBAR SEGUN EL AMONIACO EXISTENTE Y LA TEMPERATURA Y D) EVAPORAR POR ENCIMA DE 50 C AMONIACO Y AGUA. LA RELACION ENTRE AMONIACO Y EPICLORHIDRINA ES DE 15 A 24 MOLES DE AMONIACO/POR MOL DE EPICLORHIDRINA. THE PRESENT INVENTION REFERS TO A PROCEDURE AND A DEVICE FOR PREPARING 1,3-DIAMINOPROPANOL-2. SUCH PROCEDURE CONSISTS OF: (A) TREATING EPICLORHIDRINA WITH A WATER SOLUTION OF AMMONIA, (B) TO CONTACT THE PRODUCT OBTAINED IN A) WITH A BASIC ANION EXCHANGE MASS BELOW 30 C (C) TO TRANSFER THE PRODUCT B) FROM A RESERVE DEPOSIT TO A COURSE EVAPORATOR DEVICE; (D) MAINTAIN A PRESSURE LESS THAN 500 MBAR IN THE EVAPORATION DEVICE ACCORDING TO THE EXISTING AMMONIA AND THE TEMPERATURE AND D) EVAPORATE ABOVE 50 C AMMONIA AND WATER. THE RATIO BETWEEN AMMONIA AND EPICLORHIDRINA IS OF 15 TO 24 MOLES OF AMMONIA / PER MOL OF EPICLORHIDRINA.

Semiconducting arrangement with p- and n-channel transistors has transistors with drift paths with at least one region of opposite type to channel types and complementary symmetry in drift paths

The semiconducting arrangement has at least one first transistor (22) with a channel of one conductor type and at least one transistor (21) with a channel of the other type, both transistors being provided in a semiconducting body (2,3). The transistors have drift paths with at least one region (5,3') of the opposite type to their channel types and have complementary symmetry in their drift paths. Independent claims are also included for the following: (a) a method of manufacturing an inventive semiconducting arrangement (b) and a mask for implementing the inventive method.

SS, (GAMMA) - UNSATURATED NITRILES, THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE AS A FRAGRANCE

System and method for accessing files in a physical data storage

The invention concerns a system for accessing files (70) in a physical data storage, comprising an application programming interface (API) layer (10), the API layer (10) including an API (11, 60) which extends the class Java.io.file (12, 50) to include methods for file access requests. The system further comprises at least one internal layer (20), the internal layer (20) transforming a file access request into a database call. Finally, the system comprises a storage layer (40) with a database (100), the database (100) being adapted to access the physical storage in response to the database call.

Process for the production of biodegradable materials

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CYCLIC DIESTERS OF L, D AND D, L-MILKYLIC ACID

FLAME RETARDANT POLYMER COMPOSITIONS

Chip-size package with integrated passive component

Chip-Size-Package, aufweisend ein Erzeugnis (1), und zwar einen integrierten Schaltungschip mit Erzeugniskontaktstellen (2), an dem eine Umverdrahtungslage (3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10) angeordnet ist, die Umverdrahtungskontaktstellen (10) aufweist und Umverdrahtungsverbindungen (8) zur Kontaktierung der Erzeugniskontaktstellen (2) mit den Umverdrahtungskontaktstellen (10), wobei die Umverdrahtungslage (3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10) elektrisch zwischen zumindest einer Erzeugniskontaktstelle (2) und zumindest einer Umverdrahtungskontaktstelle (10) zumindest ein zur Umverdrahtungsverbindung zusätzliches passives Bauelement (6) aufweist, und das passive Bauelement (6) durch ein Dielektrikum und/oder ein Widerstandsmaterial realisiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Dielektrikum und/oder das Widerstandsmaterial zwischen der Erzeugniskontaktstelle (2) und/oder der Umverdrahtungskontaktstelle (10) einerseits und der Umverdrahtungsverbindung {8) andererseits angeordnet ist, wobei das passive Bauelement (6) innerhalb der Umverdrahtungslage (3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10) angeordnet ist.

Method for performance adjustment

The method involves adjusting an operating point of higher power by changing operating point in an adjustment process. Several additional control steps or control cycles are accomplished in order to track the changing operating point, during the adjustment process by external influences, such that the operating point of the higher power is adjusted. Two left sided reference points are adjusted during the control steps or control cycles. The control steps or control cycles are accomplished by electrical charging or discharging of the system. An independent claim is also included for a photovoltaic inverter with a unit for accomplishing the method for power adjustment of electricity producing system.

Repeating signal device

3,5-Dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole-blocked polyisocyanates

Process for the preparation of tricyclic amines

Process for improving the dehydration of biological sewage sludge

Finely divided epsilon-copper phthalocyanine composition (Pigment Blue 15: 6) for use as a pigment

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pigmentkomposition aus C.I. Pigment Blue 15:6, enthaltend 0,5 bis 15 Gew.-% eines Additivs der Formel (1), bezogen auf das<SUP>2</SUP>, R<SUP>3</SUP>, R<SUP>4</SUP>, R<SUP>5</SUP> und R<SUP>6</SUP> unabhängig voneinander Wr C<SUB>2</SUB>-C<SUB>22</SUB>-Alkenyl, deren Kohelstoffkette jeweils durch eine oder mehrere Gruppierungen -O-, -S-, -NR<SUP>9</SUP>-, -CO- oder SO<SUB>2</SUB>- unterbrochen sein kann und/oder ein- oder mehrfach durch Hydroxy, Halogen, Aryl, Heteroaryl, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-Alkoxy und/oder Acetyl substituiert sein kann; C<SUB>3</SUB>-C<SUB>8</SUB>-Cycloalkyl, dessen Kohlenstoffgerüst durch eine oder mehrere Gruppierungen -O-, -S-, -NR<SUP>10</SUP>-, -CO- oder SO<SUB>2</SUB>- unterbrochen sein kann und/oder ein- oder mehrfach durch Hydroxy, Halogen, Aryl, Heteroaryl, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-Alkoxy und/oder Acetyl substituiert sein kann; Dehydroabietyl oder Aryl oder Heteroaryl, wobei R<SUP>9</SUP> und R<SUP>10</SUP> unabhängig vo/SUB>-Alkyl bedeuten. Die erfindungsgemäße Pigmentkomposition wird unter Anwendung eines Nassmahlverfahrens, insbesondere einer Salzknetung, hergestellt.

Process for the preparation of ketene acetals

Polyglycerol fatty acid ester mixture

ESTERES OF DIFENILMETILCARBOXILICO ACID WITH ANTICOLINERGIC EFFECT, A PROCEDURE FOR ITS PREPARATION, THE USE OF THE SAME FOR THE PREPARATION OF A MEDICINAL PRODUCT AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS THAT CONTAIN THEM

Se describen ésteres de ácido difenilmetilcarboxílico de fórmula (1), en la que: A es un radical bivalente seleccionado entre el grupo que consta de fórmulas (2) y (3), X- significa un anión con carga negativa simple, preferentemente seleccionado entre el grupo formado por cloruro, bromuro, metilsulfato, 4-toluenosulfonato y metanosulfonato; R1 y R2 iguales o diferentes, significan un radical seleccionado entre el grupo que consta de metilo, etilo, n-propilo e isopropilo, que eventualmente puede estar sustituido con hidroxi o flúor; R3, R4, R5 y R6, iguales o diferentes, significan hidrógeno, metilo, etilo, metiloxi, etiloxi, hidroxi, flúor, cloro, bromo, CN, CF3 o NO2; R7 significa metilo, etilo, metiloxi, etiloxi, -CH2-F, -CH2-CH2-F, -O-CH2F, -O-CH2-CH2-F, -CH2-OH, -CH2-CH2-OH, CF3, -CH2-OMe, -CH2-CH2-OMe, -CH2-OEt, -CH2-CH2-OEt, -O-COMe, -O-COEt, -O-COCF3, -O-COCF3, flúor, cloro o bromo; eventualmente en forma de los isómeros ópticos individuales, de mezclas de los enantiómeros individuales o de racematos. Los compuestos de fórmula (1) son agentes anticolinérgicos que, por causa de su perfil de efecto, permiten la preparación de un medicamento que se puede aplicar una vez por día. Además, estos compuestos están caracterizados por una iniciación relativamente rápida del efecto y por presentar, después de dicha iniciación rápida del efecto, una actividad lo más constante posible a lo largo de un período de tiempo prolongado que le sigue. Además, la duración del efecto no sobrepasa esencialmente un período de tiempo de aproximadamente un día en dosificaciones que se pueden emplear de modo terapéuticamente conveniente. Finalmente, estos compuestos presentan un perfil de efecto que garantiza un buen control del efecto terapéutico. También se describe un procedimiento para preparar los compuestos de fórmula (1), los preparados farmacéuticos que los contienen y el uso de los mismos para preparar un medicamento destinado al tratamiento del asma, de la COPD, bradicardias ...

ADDITIVES FOR POWDER COATINGS

Supported catalyst and its use in hydrogenation

Catalyst contains a catalytically active metal in the form of its chloride-free dissolved amine complexes, aetylacetonate or allyl complexes on a modified carrier. An Independent claim is also included for a process for the production of the catalyst comprising: (a) thermally treating the carrier material; (b) impregnating the carrier material with a modifier in the gas or liquid phase; (c) optionally hydrolyzing the modified carrier material at 20-200 degrees C in O2 or in air or in a H2O-containing gas stream; (d) optionally drying at 100-500 degrees C; (e) optionally calcining at 200-1000 degrees C; (f) applying the catalytically active metal by impregnating or ion exchange; (g) drying at 20-500 degrees C; and (h) optionally calcining at up to 1000 degrees C.

Powdery adhesive

Facilitating molding and demolding of polymer or natural substance, useful in producing e.g. tires for automobile, comprises applying coating agent on mold, hardening, infusing organic polymer or natural substance into mold, and separating

Facilitating molding and demolding of polymers or natural substances, comprises: (a) applying a coating agent comprising an inorganic or inorganic-organic polymer and an inorganic pigment, on a mold made of metal or metal alloy for producing molded parts made of polymers or natural substances; (b) hardening the coating agent applied on the mold at a temperature from room temperature to 800[deg] C; (c) injecting, infusing or vulcanizing an organic polymer or a natural substance into the coated mold for forming a molded part; and (d) separating the mold and the molded part.

adsorption filter

Adsorptionsfilterelement, welches aus zwei Grundkomponenten besteht, wobei Komponente 1 vom zu filtrierenden Fluid durchströmt wird, Komponente 2 dagegen außerhalb der Fluidströmung liegt, beide Komponenten aber in direktem Kontakt miteinander stehen, so dass ein Stofftransport über die Adsorbensoberfläche gewährleistet ist. Adsorption filter element, which consists of two basic components, component 1 being flowed through by the fluid to be filtered, component 2, on the other hand, is outside the fluid flow, but both components are in direct contact with one another, so that mass transport over the adsorbent surface is ensured.

Multilayer pearlescent pigment on the basis of an opaque substrate

Multilayered nacreous pigments with a nonmetallic, platelet-form opaque or semi-opaque substrate comprise (a) a first layer of a metal oxide with a high RI or of a metal; (b) a second layer of a low RI metal oxide; (c) a third layer as per (a); and optionally also (d) a top layer. Independent claims are also included for the production of the pigments: (A) by (i) suspending the substrate in water, (ii) alternately depositing the high and low RI metal metal oxide hydrates by hydrolyzing the corresponding water-soluble metal compounds by addition of acids and bases to set the required pH for precipitation of the oxide hydrates, and (iii) separating off the product and drying (and optionally also calcining) it; or (B) by CVD of the metal oxides in a fluidized bed.

Detection element objective lens device

(57)【要約】 【課題】 試験片にて放出された荷電粒子の質的評価を 改良し、解像特性を犠牲にすることなく検出の質を改善 することを目的とする。 【解決手段】 荷電粒子線装置(1) のための検出器対物 レンズ装置(6,6')は、磁気レンズ(60)及び電界レンズ(6 1)からなる主レンズと試験片にて放出された荷電粒子を 検出するための検出器(62)とを有し、更に、試験片にて 放出された荷電粒子に対して影響を与えるために静電場 及び/ 又は磁場を生成するための付加レンズ(64)が主レ ンズと検出器の間に設けられる。主レンズと付加レンズ の場(9,10)は実質的に互いに分離されている。

Polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polyether-polycarbonate polyols

Die Erfindung betrifft neue hydrolysestabile, wässrige Polyurethan-Polyharnstoff-Dispersionen auf Basis von Polyether-Polycarbonat-Polyolen, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendung in Beschichtungsmitteln. The invention relates to new hydrolysis-stable, aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polyether-polycarbonate-polyols, a process for their production and use in coating compositions.

Semiconductor device with increased dielectric strength and / or reduced on-resistance

Halbleiterbauelement, das folgende Merkmale aufweist: – eine erste Halbleiterzone (10) eines ersten Leitungstyps, – eine zweite Halbleiterzone (20) eines zweiten Leitungstyps, – eine zwischen der ersten Halbleiterzone (10) und der zweiten Halbleiterzone (20) angeordnete Driftzone (30), die wenigstens eine sich zwischen der ersten Halbleiterzone (10) und der zweiten Halbleiterzone (20) erstreckende dritte Halbleiterzone (31, 33, 35; 311; 313–363) des zweiten Leitungstyps aufweist, wobei die dritte Zone (31, 33, 35; 311; 313–363) in einer Stromflussrichtung (S) einen Stromfluss zwischen der ersten Halbleiterzone (10) und der zweiten Halbleiterzone (20) ermöglicht, – wenigstens eine sich an die dritte Halbleiterzone (31, 33, 35; 311; 313–363) in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Stromflussrichtung anschließende vierte Halbleiterzone (32, 34, 36; 312; 311–364) des ersten Leitungstyps, wobei sich die Ladungsträger der dritten (31, 33, 35; 311; 313–363) und vierten (32, 34, 36; 312; 314–364) Halbleiterzone bei einem in Sperrrichtung gepolten Übergang zwischen der ersten... Semiconductor device having the following features: A first semiconductor zone (10) of a first conductivity type, A second semiconductor zone (20) of a second conductivity type, A drift zone (30) arranged between the first semiconductor zone (10) and the second semiconductor zone (20) and comprising at least one third semiconductor zone (31, 33, 35; 311, 313-363) of the second conductivity type, wherein the third zone (31, 33, 35, 311, 313-363) in a current flow direction (S) current flow between the first semiconductor zone (10) and the second semiconductor zone (20) allows At least one fourth semiconductor zone (32, 34, 36, 312, 311-364) of the first conductivity type adjoining the third semiconductor zone (31, 33, 35, 311, 313-363) in a direction perpendicular to the direction of current flow, wherein the Charge carriers of the third (31, 33, 35, 311, 313-363) and fourth (32, 34, 36; 312, 314-364) ...

Aqueous dispersions of hydrophilic polyurethane resins

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft lösungsmittelfreie Grundierungen (Primer) für Substrate, insbesondere Kunststoffe auf der Basis wässriger Dispersionen hydrophiler Polyurethanharze, die sich durch eine verbesserte Haftung und höheren Glanz auszeichnen. The present invention relates to solvent-free primers for Substrates, especially plastics based on aqueous dispersions of hydrophilic Polyurethane resins, which are characterized by improved adhesion and higher gloss distinguished.

Amino resin foam free of blowing agents, production method thereof, and application thereof

METHOD FOR CLEANING CYCLIC DIESTERS OF L- BZW. D-LACTIC

Medicaments comprising steroids and a novel anticholinergic

THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING STEROIDS WITH A LONG-LASTING EFFECT AND COMPRISING SALTS OF A NEW ANTICHOLINERGIC OF FORMULA 1.WHEREINX -DENOTES AN ANION WITH A SINGLE NEGATIVE CHARGE, PREFERABLY AN ANION SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CHLORIDE, BROMIDE, IODIDE, SULPHATE, PHOSPHATE, METHANESULPHONATE, NITRATE, MALEATE, ACETATE, CITRATE, FUMARATE, TARTRATE, OXALATE, SUCCINATE, BENZOATE AND P-TOLUENESULPHONATE. THE PRESENT INVENTION FURTHER RELATES TO PROCESSES FOR PREPARING THESE NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS AND THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY COMPLAINTS, IN PARTICULAR ASTHMA AND COPD.

Process and apparatus for the preparation of 1,3-diamino-2-propanol

The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for the preparation of 1,3-diamino-2-propanol by reaction of epichlorohydrin with aqueous ammonia solution which contains ammonia in excess relative to epichlorohydrin, using 15 to 24 moles of ammonia per mole of epichlorohydrin. The reaction product which is formed is brought into contact, during or after the reaction, with a strongly basic anion exchanger composition, preferably passed over at least one strongly basic anion exchanger at temperatures below 30 DEG C and transferred, directly or with the interpolation of at least one storage tank, to at least one vaporising apparatus, preferably at least one falling-film or short-path vaporiser, and there ammonia and water are evaporated off under reduced pressure at temperatures above 50 DEG C. The reduced pressure maintained in the vaporising apparatus depends on the ammonia present and on the temperature and is below 500 mbar, preferably below 400 mbar.

Process for the preparation of dibenzothiazine compounds

Derivatives in the vitamin d series modified at the 20 position, a method of preparing such derivatives, intermediates used in this method, pharmaceutical preparations containing the derivatives and their use in the preparation of drugs.

NITRILS BETA, GAMMA-UNSATURATED, ITS MANUFACTURE AND USE AS PERFUMES.

EL INVENTO SE REFIERE A UN NITRILO INSATURADO DE FORMULA (I); TRATA DE UN PROCEDIMIENTO PARA SU PRODUCCION Y DESCRIBE SU APLIACION COMO PERFUME. SIENDO: R UN RESTO ALQUILO DE C 4 A 10, DE CADENA RECTA O RAMIFICADA O UN ANILLO FENILO, QUE PUEDE ESTAR SUSTITUIDO A TRAVES DE UNOS GRUPOS ALQUILO DE C 1 A 4 UNO O VARIOS GRUPOS ALCOXI DE C 1 A 3 O UN GRUPO ALQUILENODIOXI.

By field effect controllable semiconductor device and method for its production

Halbleiterbauelement, das folgende Merkmale aufweist: – wenigstens eine erste Anschlusszone (2) eines ersten Leitungstyps in einem Halbleiterkörper (100), die durch eine erste Anschlusselektrode (22) kontaktiert ist, – eine Driftzone (3) des ersten Leitungstyps, an die sich eine zweite Anschlusszone (31) des ersten Leitungstyps anschließt, – eine zwischen der wenigstens einen ersten Anschlusszone (2) und der Driftzone (3) angeordnete Kanalzone (5A, 5B, 5C) eines zweiten Leitungstyps und eine isoliert gegenüber dem Halbleiterkörper (100) und benachbart zu der Kanalzone (5) angeordnete Steuerelektrode (6), wobei durch die Kanalzone (5) in einem Bereich benachbart zu der Steuerelektrode (6) ein erster Kanal (51) gebildet ist, der erst bei Anlegen einer Steuerspannung ungleich Null zwischen der Steuerelektrode (6) und der ersten Anschlusszone (2) leitet dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Anschlusselektrode (22) über wenigstens einen bereits bei einer Steuerspannung gleich Null leitenden zweiten Kanal (71, 72) des ersten Leitungstyps der durch ein Ansteuerpotential... Semiconductor device having the following features: At least a first connection zone (2) of a first conductivity type in a semiconductor body (100), which is contacted by a first connection electrode (22), A drift zone (3) of the first conductivity type, followed by a second junction zone (31) of the first conductivity type, A channel zone (5A, 5B, 5C) of a second conductivity type arranged between the at least one first connection zone (2) and the drift zone (3) and a control electrode (6) arranged insulated from the semiconductor body (100) and adjacent to the channel zone (5) ), wherein through the channel zone (5) in a region adjacent to the control electrode (6), a first channel (51) is formed, which conducts only when applying a non-zero control voltage between the control electrode (6) and the first connection zone (2) characterized in that the first connection electrode (22) via at least one ...

Process for the preparation of dibenzocycloheptatriene compounds

Process for the production of discharge vessels, in particular Braun tubes

2K-PUR-corrosion protection topcoat

Voltage sense signal generation device for power semiconductor component uses capacitive voltage divider in parallel with source-drain path

The voltage sense signal generation device provides a LV signal proportional to the signal across the source (S) and drain electrodes of the power semiconductor component, using a capacitive voltage divider formed in the semiconductor body (1) parallel to the source-drain path, with a source-gate capacitance providing a LV signal tap-off element in series with a source-drain capacitance acting as a HV element.

Device for light modulation, has matrix shaped electro-wetting cells, and internal electrodes, which are functionally independent, where electrodes are arranged in chamber in parallel manner

The device has matrix shaped electro-wetting cells, and internal electrodes (E1 to E3), which are functionally independent. The electrodes are arranged in a chamber (K) in a parallel manner. The electrodes divide the chamber into two coupled areas with two controllable surfaces. One of the areas is provided transparent and forms an optical path for incident light bundles.

Analogous Process for Preparation of Therapeutically Active 24-Homo Vitamin D Derivatives

Use of copolymers of succinic acid monovinyl monoalkyl esters

Method for preparing fatty acid or hydroxy-fatty acid esters of isopropylidene derivatives of a polyglycerol

The present invention relates to a method for preparing esters of fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids with isopropylidene derivatives of a polyglycerol from fatty acid alkyl esters, mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid alkyl esters with C6-C22 in the fatty acid component and C1-C4 in the ester component, which are reacted in alkaline medium with one or more isopropylidene derivatives of a polyglycerol. The reaction is carried out at temperatures of 140-220 DEG C and under vacuum up to 950-5 mbar. The resulting C1-C4-alcohol is removed by distillation, and the reaction product is purified. <??>The invention also relates to the use of the esters of fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids with mono- and/or diisopropylidene derivatives of polyglycerol as intermediates for preparing nonionic surfactants, as solvents or solubilisers and for cosmetic preparations and skin-care agents.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SHIELDING AN ELECTRON BEAM

The electron-beam device described comprises a beam generator fitted inside a vacuum chamber to produce the electron beam, at least one coil system generating an electromagnetic field for the control of the electron beam, a beam-outlet port in the vacuum chamber wall nearest the material to be impacted, and an electrically conducting guide tube which surrounds the electron beam radially and extends at least over the area of the coil system. The guide tube has various slit patterns to reduce the tendency of eddy currents to form.

Method for modifying the storability of molten cyclohexanone oxime

Circulation process for the production of cyclohexene oxide as well as cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone

Compensation component with improved robustness

Kompensationsbauelement mit einem einen sperrenden pn-Übergang aufweisenden Halbleiterkörper, einer ersten Zone (7) eines ersten Leitungstyps, die mit einer ersten Elektrode (10) verbunden ist und an eine den sperrenden pn-Übergang bildende Zone (6) eines zweiten, zum ersten Leitungstyp entgegengesetzten Leitungstyps angrenzt, und mit einer zweiten Zone (1) des ersten Leitungstyps, die mit einer zweiten Elektrode (2) verbunden ist, wobei die der zweiten Zone (1) zugewandte Seite der Zone (6) des zweiten Leitungstyps eine erste Fläche (A) bildet und im Bereich zwischen der ersten Fläche (A) und einer zweiten Fläche (B), die zwischen der ersten Fläche (A) und der zweiten Zone (1) liegt, Gebiete (4, 5) des ersten und des zweiten Leitungstyps ineinander verschachtelt sind, die derart dotiert sind, daß der durch diese Dotierung bedingte Ort der maximalen Feldstärke des elektrischen Feldes in eine Ebene L H verlagert ist, die im wesentlichen in der Mitte zwischen den beiden Flächen (A, B) und parallel... Compensation component having a pn junction having a semiconductor body, a first zone (7) of a first conductivity type, which is connected to a first electrode (10) and to the blocking pn junction forming zone (6) of a second, the first conductivity type and a second zone (1) of the first conductivity type, which is connected to a second electrode (2), wherein the second zone (1) facing side of the zone (6) of the second conductivity type has a first surface (A ) and in the region between the first surface (A) and a second surface (B) which lies between the first surface (A) and the second zone (1), regions (4, 5) of the first and the second conductivity type into each other are nested, which are doped such that the location of the maximum field strength of the electric field due to this doping is displaced in a plane L H , which is substantially in the middle between the two surfaces (A, B) and parallel ...

Process for preparing mono- and polyspartic acid esters

A process for the production of secondary, mono- and polyamines of formula (I), comprises the reaction of the corresponding amines XÄNH2Üm (II) with compounds of formula R<1>OOC-CH=CH-COOR<2> (III) at 0-100 degrees C in the presence or absence of solvent and with an equivalent ratio of (prim. amino groups in II) to (C=C double bond equivs. in III) = (1:2)- (1.5:1), followed by distillation to remove excess starting materials. The process is carried out in presence of 0.1-10 wt% (based on solids content of reaction mixture) of catalyst(s) and colour stabiliser(s) of formula (IV)-(XI) (component C), in which X = m-valent organic residue, optionally with hetero atom(s), obtained by removing prim. amino group(s) from the corresponding (cyclo)aliphatic mono- or polyamine with a mol. wt. of 60-6000, and also containing functional groups which are reactive towards isocyanate (NCO) and/or inert at temperatures up to 100 degrees C; R<1>, R<2> = organic groups; R<3> = 1-24C organic group (optionally with hetero atom(s)), NH2 or H; R<4>-R<6> = organic groups as for R<3> (optionally part of another, optionally common, ring system), NH2 and/or H; m = at least 1. Also claimed is a process for the production of coatings on any substrates with compositions containing (I) in the binder.

Process for the preparation of polyglycerines

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyglycerols (containing more than 50% by weight of diglycerol), which are low in cyclic components, by reaction of chlorohydrins. In this process, alpha -monochlorohydrin and epichlorohydrin are reacted at temperatures of 20 to 120 DEG C, preferably of 50 DEG C to 100 DEG C, in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to alpha -monochlorohydrin of 0.8:1 to 1:2.5 in the presence of acids or acid-reacting compounds and an alkaline-reacting medium, preferably an alkaline-reacting aqueous solution, is added to the unseparated reaction mixture obtained at a temperature of 50 DEG C to 120 DEG C, preferably of 80 DEG C to 95 DEG C, corresponding to the content in the reaction mixture of organically bound chlorine. The reaction mixture is desalted after addition of water by means of one or more cation exchangers and subsequently using anion exchangers, water is removed by distillation and the diglycerol/polyglycerol mixture (containing a proportion of glycerol) is separated into diglycerol, higher polyglycerols and optionally glycerol by fractional distillation.

Effective preparations against impure skin containing di- or triglycerol esters as an effective principle

Thermally stable matrix microparticles and microcapsules for plastic additives and process for their preparation

Die Erfindung betrifft Polyimid-Matrixmikropartikel bzw. -mikrokapseln mit einer thermisch stabilen Polyimidwand bzw. -matrix und funktionellen Kunststoffadditiven als Kernmaterialien, die in hochschmelzende Kunststoffe durch Schmelzecompoundierung eingearbeitet werden können.

Process for working up hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and their aqueous mother liquors containing their hydroxylammonium and ammonium salts.

PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE COLOR YIELD AND THE FASTENNESSES OF COLORS, FLUORINE-BASED COMPOUNDS AND THEIR PRODUCTION OF DYES PRODUCED WITH ANIONIC COLORS ON CELLULOSE FIBER MATERIAL

Method for operating a magnetic resonance imaging device for obtaining at least two differently weighted images

Semiconductor arrangement with p- and n-channel transistors and method for their production

Halbleiteranordnung aus wenigstens einem ersten Feldeffekt-Transistor (22), bei dem sich im eingeschalteten Zustand ein Kanal des einen Leitungstyps in einer Zone des anderen, zum einen Leitungstyp entgegengesetzten Leitungstyps ausbildet, und wenigstens einem zweiten Feldeffekt-Transistor (21), bei dem sich im eingeschalteten Zustand ein Kanal des anderen Leitungstyps in einer Zone des einen Leitungstyps ausbildet, wobei beide Feldeffekt-Transistoren (22, 21) in einem Halbleiterkörper (2, 3) vorgesehen sind und jeweils eine Driftzone zwischen Drainzone und Kanal aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass – der wenigstens eine erste Feldeffekt-Transistor (22) in seiner Driftzone mindestens ein erstes Kompensationsgebiet (5) des anderen Leitungstyps aufweist, – der wenigstens eine zweite Feldeffekt-Transistor (21) in seiner Driftzone mindestens ein zweites Kompensationsgebiet (3') des einen Leitungstyps aufweist, – der wenigstens eine erste Feldeffekt-Transistor (22) und der wenigstens eine zweite Feldeffekt-Transistor (21) in ihren Driftzonen komplementär symmetrisch gestaltet sind, – der Halbleiterkörper (2, 3) ein Halbleitersubstrat (2) des... A semiconductor device comprising at least a first field-effect transistor (22), in which a channel of one conductivity type forms in the zone of the other line type opposite to that of a line type, and at least one second field-effect transistor (21) in which in the switched-on state, a channel of the other line type is formed in a zone of the one line type, both field-effect transistors (22, 21) being provided in a semiconductor body (2, 3) and each having a drift zone between drain zone and channel, characterized in that - the at least one first field effect transistor (22) has in its drift zone at least one first compensation region (5) of the other conductivity type, - The at least one second field-effect transistor (21) has in its drift zone at least one second compensation region (3 ') of the one conductivity ...

Method for preparing fatty acid or hydroxy-fatty acid esters of isopropylidene derivatives of a polyglycerol

The present invention relates to a method for preparing esters of fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids with isopropylidene derivatives of a polyglycerol from fatty acid alkyl esters, mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid alkyl esters with C6-C22 in the fatty acid component and C1-C4 in the ester component, which are reacted in alkaline medium with one or more isopropylidene derivatives of a polyglycerol. The reaction is carried out at temperatures of 140-220 DEG C and under vacuum up to 950-5 mbar. The resulting C1-C4-alcohol is removed by distillation, and the reaction product is purified. <??>The invention also relates to the use of the esters of fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids with mono- and/or diisopropylidene derivatives of polyglycerol as intermediates for preparing nonionic surfactants, as solvents or solubilisers and for cosmetic preparations and skin-care agents.

WATERPROOF DISPERSIONS OF HYDROPHYL POLYURETHANE RESINS.

Dispersiones de resina de poliuretano que contienen un producto de reacción que contiene los siguientes componentes de síntesis i) uno o varios componentes poliólicos con un peso molecular medio de al menos 300 Dalton, ii) uno o varios componentes poliólicos con un peso molecular medio de 62 a 299 Dalton, iii) un compuesto monofuncional en el sentido de la reacción de poliadición de isocianato con un contenido en óxido de etileno de al menos 50% en peso y un peso molecular de al menos 400 Dalton, iv) un poliisocianato v) una o varias poliaminas alifáticas con un peso molecular de 60 a 300 Dalton o hidracina y vi) una diamina alifática hidrofilizada, caracterizadas porque el componente de síntesis i) contiene al menos un polidioléter iniciado sobre dioles aromáticos. Polyurethane resin dispersions containing a reaction product containing the following synthesis components i) one or more polyol components with an average molecular weight of at least 300 Dalton, ii) one or more polyol components with an average molecular weight of 62 at 299 Dalton, iii) a monofunctional compound in the sense of the isocyanate polyaddition reaction with an ethylene oxide content of at least 50% by weight and a molecular weight of at least 400 Dalton, iv) a polyisocyanate v) a or several aliphatic polyamines with a molecular weight of 60 to 300 Dalton or hydrazine and vi) a hydrophilized aliphatic diamine, characterized in that the synthesis component i) contains at least one polydiolether initiated on aromatic diols.

Method and monitoring system for the rule-based monitoring of a service-oriented architecture

The present invention concerns a method for the rule-based monitoring of a component (C1) added to a service-oriented architecture (SOA), the SOA comprising a plurality of components (C2, ..., Cn) being monitored by a plurality of monitoring components (M2, ..., Mn), the method comprising the following steps: a. selecting a component (C2) from the plurality of components (C2, ..., Cn) of the SOA which is similar to the added component (C1) based on a similarity-metric; b. selecting at least one rule (R2) from the monitoring component (M2) of the selected component (C2), wherein the at least one rule (R2) has already been validated during the operation of the SOA; and c. adding the at least one rule (R2) to a new monitoring component (M1) of the added component (C1).

Process for the integration of functional nanostructures in micro- and nanoelectric circuits

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung mindestens einer Nanostruktur (9) auf einem Substrat (17). Es sollen auf besonders einfache und wirksame Weise lange Strecken überbrückt und verzweigte Strukturen geschaffen werden. Dabei soll die erzeugte Nanostruktur (9) ein Vielfaches der Länge eines einzelnen Nanoobjekts aufweisen. Die Aufgabe wird durch einen Multielektrodenaufbau (11) gelöst, bei dem die hervorstehenden Elektrodenbereiche Elektrodenfinger (21) sind, die von der Elektrode abgewandten Enden (5) derart entlang einer Linie angeordnet sind, dass die Elektrodenfinger (21) nicht ineinander greifen und bei dem mindestens drei Elektroden (1; 13, 15) ausgebildet sind. Es erfolgt ein dielektrophoretisches Abscheiden separater Nanoobjektansammlungen (7) jeweils entlang der Linie zwischen den benachbarten Enden (5). Auf diese Weise können besonders vorteilhaft lange Nanostrukturen hergestellt werden. The present invention relates to a method for producing at least one nanostructure (9) on a substrate (17). Long distances should be bridged and branched structures created in a particularly simple and effective way. The nanostructure (9) produced should have a multiple of the length of an individual nano-object. The object is achieved by a multi-electrode structure (11) in which the protruding electrode areas are electrode fingers (21), the ends (5) facing away from the electrode are arranged along a line in such a way that the electrode fingers (21) do not mesh with one another at least three electrodes (1; 13, 15) are formed. There is a dielectrophoretic deposition of separate nano-object collections (7) in each case along the line between the adjacent ends (5). In this way, particularly advantageously long nanostructures can be produced.

Water-dilutable resins, process for their preparation and their use

A water dilutable, urethane modified paste- and mixing resin comprises an aldehyde or ketone resin, a multifunctional isocyanate having at least 2 isocyanate groups per molecule on average, an aliphatic acid and an aliphatic polyether. A water dilutable, urethane modified paste- and mixing resin (I) (A) 10-90 % of an aldehyde or ketone resin having a hydroxyl number of 20-300 mg/g, a softening point of 60-140 degrees C and a number average mol. wt. of 500-3000 g/mol. (B) 5-30 % of a multifunctional isocyanate having at least 2 isocyanate groups per molecule on average (C) 0-30% of an aliphatic acid having at least one acid group and at least one group that can react with an isocyanate to form a urethane or urea (D) 0-70 % of an aliphatic polyether having an average mol. wt. (Mn) of 200-8000 g/mol and at least one hydroxyl group per molecule. (I) contains at least one of (C) or (D) and is optionally neutralized with aqueous ammonia or an amine, when (I) contains (C). An Independent claim is included for a process for the preparation of (I) by mixing components (A)-(D) at 30-200 degrees C until the isocyanate group content is less than 0.1%, followed by the addition of a water dilutable solvent (E) in a wt. ratio of (E) to ((A)-(D)) is 1:9-9:1 and optionally neutralization.

Prodn. of known and new vitamin D 23-aldehyde cpds.

Prodn. of protected vitamin D 23-aldehydes (I) comprises: a) reacting a protected vitamin D 22-aldehyde (II) with diphenyl(methoxymethyl) phosphine oxide (III) and b) cleaving the resulting mixt. of E and Z enol ethers (IV) under acidic catalysis. R = tert.-butyldimethylsilyl; tert.-butyldiphenylsilyl; satd. or unsatd. alkanoyl with up to 8C; or benzoyl. Cpd. (I) where R = tert.-butyldiphenylsilyl, i.e. 1(S),3(R)-bis- (tert.-butyldiphenyl silyloxy)-20(R)- methyl-9, 10-secopregna- 5(E),7(E),10(19)-triene -21-carbaldehyde, is also claimed. Intermediate (III) is claimed when R = tert.-butylphenylsilyl.

MOLDED IRON CATALYST, THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE

Hydrogenation catalyst based on a platinum metal partially poisoned with finely divided sulfur

Process for the preparation of novel benzylpyrimidines

Process for the preparation of tricyclic compounds

Process for the preparation of diglycerin and / or polyglycerin.

ORAL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION WITH DELAYED RELEASE OF INHIBITORS OF THE PUMPS OF PROTONS.

¿ Una composición farmacéutica oral de liberación retardada y controlada que comprende pantoprazol, un pelet o núcleo de tableta alcalino, al menos una capa intermedia controladora de la liberación de pantoprazol y una capa entérica exterior que es soluble en el intestino delgado, en la cual al menos una capa intermedia contiene un formador de película ralentizador de la liberación insoluble en agua. A delayed and controlled oral pharmaceutical composition comprising pantoprazole, an alkaline tablet pellet or core, at least one intermediate layer controlling pantoprazole release and an outer enteric layer that is soluble in the small intestine, in which at less an intermediate layer contains a water-insoluble release retarder film former.

CYCLOALKYLIDEN DERIVATIVES

Hydrophobic resorbable polyesters and their use

METHOD FOR PROCESSING USED BEIZER OR CORROSIVE SOLUTIONS BASED ON SALPETER FLUORIC ACID

HYDROXYALKANCARBONE ACID DERIVATIVES, THEIR PREPARATION AND USE

The invention relates to hydroxycarboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula I <IMAGE> in which R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an acyl group having not more than 16 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 denote in each case alkyl groups having not more than 8 carbon atoms or together denote an alkylene group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms which is optionally interrupted by an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom and n stands for the numbers 7 to 18, with the proviso that it does not denote the number 10 if R2 and R3 in each case denote an ethyl group or in each case denote a n-butyl group and that it does not denote the number 15 if R2 and R3 in each case represent a methyl group.