PUSHABLE COAXIAL BALLOON CATHETER

Coaxial balloon catheters are described herein. The balloon catheter can include outer and inner tubes in a coaxial relationship, with a balloon attached to an end thereof. A support sleeve can be disposed around the inner tubular member proximate the proximal end of the balloon. The support sleeve can have a channel formed therein to communicate with an inflation lumen and a balloon interior. The channel may be formed by separation of two longitudinal edges extending through the support sleeve. The support sleeve can include an outward extending portion that is sized to engage the distal end of the outer tube in order to limit relative movement between the inner and outer tubes. The support sleeve can be configured to orient the inner tube eccentrically or concentrically relative to the outer tube. The support sleeve can have an elongate body that can be extended in proximal or distal direction. 1. A coaxial balloon catheter comprising:an outer tubular member including a passageway about a longitudinal axis and a distal end;an inner tubular member including a lumen and a distal end, the inner tubular member situated within the passageway of the outer tubular member to define an annular lumen; the annular lumen configured to receive an inflation fluid;a balloon member having a proximal end region, a distal end region, and an intermediate working region therebetween, the proximal end region attached to the outer tubular member, the distal end region attached to the inner tubular member, the balloon member defining a balloon interior in communication with the annular lumen, where the balloon member is movable between an inflated state when the balloon interior receives the inflation fluid from the annular lumen and a deflated state when the inflation fluid is removed from the balloon interior; anda support sleeve disposed around the inner tubular member proximate the proximal end region of the balloon member, and fixed to the inner tubular member, the support sleeve ...

CUTTING BALLOON WITH CONNECTOR AND DILATION ELEMENT

A balloon catheter is provided that may be used to dilate hardened regions of a stenosis. The balloon catheter is provided with one or more dilation elements that extend along a surface of a balloon. Each dilation element is connected to an outer surface of the balloon by a connector. The connector is sufficiently sized and designed to undergo stress-induced plastic deformation incurred during blow molding so that a significant portion of each of the dilation elements does not become absorbed into the wall of the final blow molded balloon, thereby maintaining the structural integrity of each of the dilation elements. 1. A balloon catheter for dilation of a vessel wall , comprising:a balloon having a distal portion, and a proximal portion, wherein at least a length of an outer surface of the balloon comprises a working diameter adapted to dilate the vessel wall;a shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, the balloon being mounted on the distal end of the shaft, wherein the shaft further comprises an inflation lumen extending therethrough in fluid communication with an interior region of the balloon, the balloon thereby being expandable between a deflated state and an inflated state;a protuberance disposed along the outer surface of the balloon, the protuberance being affixed to the outer surface of the balloon at an interface region, the protuberance comprising a dilation element and a connector, the dilation element extending away from the outer surface of the balloon and being characterized by a second effective width, the connector connecting the dilation element to the outer surface of the balloon at the interface region, the connector characterized by a first effective width less than the second effective width of the dilation element.2. The balloon catheter of claim 1 , wherein the interface region is characterized by a wall thickness greater than a wall thickness of a noninterface region disposed along another portion of the outer surface of the balloon.3. ...

BALLOON WITH INTEGRAL RETENTION OF A DILATION ELEMENT

A balloon catheter is provided with integral channels for securing dilation elements to the outside of the balloon. The dilation elements have an anchor portion and an intermediate portion that are disposed within first and second longitudinal cavities in the channels. The balloon may be manufactured by extruding a parison and blow molding the parison with the dilation elements installed within the channels. 1. A balloon catheter , comprising:a balloon mounted on a catheter, said balloon configured to expand from a deflated state to an expanded state;an integral channel disposed along a length of an exterior surface of said balloon, wherein said channel comprises a first longitudinal cavity and a second longitudinal cavity;said first longitudinal cavity being larger in width than said second longitudinal cavity and being disposed nearer a longitudinal axis of said balloon than said second longitudinal cavity;said second longitudinal cavity extending from said first longitudinal cavity to a longitudinal opening;first and second longitudinal extensions extending from said exterior surface of said balloon and defining said first and second longitudinal cavities and said longitudinal opening, said first and second longitudinal extensions being integral with said balloon and opposing each other;a dilation element comprising an anchor portion, an intermediate portion and a dilation portion, said anchor portion being larger in width than said intermediate portion; andsaid anchor portion being disposed within said first longitudinal cavity, said intermediate portion being disposed within said second longitudinal cavity and said dilation portion extending outward from said longitudinal opening.2. The balloon catheter according to claim 1 , wherein a first outer width across said first and second longitudinal extensions between said first longitudinal cavity and said exterior surface of said balloon is less than a second outer width across said first and second longitudinal ...

ULTRASONICALLY VISIBLE SCORING BALLOON

An angioplasty balloon () is provided with a plurality of scoring elements () extending along the balloon (). Within the scoring element () there are provided channels or lumens () extending therethrough. The channels or lumens () provide for Rayleigh scattering of ultrasonic waves directed to the balloon (), thereby being visible by imaging devices. The channels or lumens () provide visibility of the balloon () during medical procedures, both when the balloon () is in a deflated, wrapped, condition and also when the balloon () is inflated. It is not necessary to use contrast media to fill the balloon (). 1. A medical angioplasty balloon for endoluminal location within a patient , the balloon including a balloon wall extending in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the balloon and provided with one or more scoring or cutting elements , there being embedded within the one or more scoring or cutting elements an elongate channel or lumen providing a material discontinuity therewithin.2. A medical balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one lumen or channel provides a radiopaque or echogenic element in the balloon.3. A medical balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one channel or lumen is at least partially rounded so as to generate Rayleigh scattering of ultrasonic or magnetic waves.4. A medical balloon according to claim 3 , wherein the at least one channel or lumen is substantially round in axial cross-section.5. A medical balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one channel or lumen is hollow or filled.6. A medical balloon according to claim 5 , wherein the at least one channel or lumen is filled with air claim 5 , a gas claim 5 , a gel claim 5 , polymeric material claim 5 , metal or metal alloy.7. A medical balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one channel or lumen provides a feature in the balloon wall which has a material of density different from the density of the material forming the balloon wall.8. A ...

MULTI-PARTICLE INSPECTION USING ASSOCIATED PARTICLE SOURCES

Disclosed herein are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for performing combined neutron and gamma ray radiography. For example, one exemplary system comprises: a neutron source; a set of alpha particle detectors configured to detect alpha particles associated with neutrons generated by the neutron source; neutron detectors positioned to detect at least some of the neutrons generated by the neutron source; a gamma ray source; a set of verification gamma ray detectors configured to detect verification gamma rays associated with gamma rays generated by the gamma ray source; a set of gamma ray detectors configured to detect gamma rays generated by the gamma ray source; and an interrogation region located between the neutron source, the gamma ray source, the neutron detectors, and the gamma ray detectors. 1. An imaging system , comprising:a neutron source;an array of one or more alpha particle detectors configured to detect alpha particles associated with neutrons generated by the neutron source;one or more neutron detectors positioned to detect at least some of the neutrons generated by the neutron source;a gamma ray source;one or more gamma ray detectors configured to detect at least some of the gamma rays generated by the gamma ray source; andan interrogation region located between the neutron source, the gamma ray source, the one or more neutron detectors, and the one or more gamma ray detectors.2. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the neutron source is a first neutron source claim 1 , the array of one or more alpha particle detectors is a first array of one or more alpha particle detectors claim 1 , and a second neutron source; and', 'a second array of one or more alpha particle detectors configured to detect alpha particles associated with neutrons generated by a second neutron source., 'wherein the imaging system further comprises3. The imaging system of claim 1 , further comprising an array of one or more verification gamma ray ...

SINGLE PIECE DOUBLE WALL DILATION BALLOON CATHETER

The present invention relates to medical devices for dilating or enlarging strictures or narrowed regions of body vessels. Specifically, the present invention relates to a high pressure dilation balloon catheter that includes an elongate shaft extending between a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end being adapted for attachment to a source of inflation fluid, and a lumen extending through the shaft adapted for the passage of the inflation fluid; and a balloon disposed on the distal end of the shaft and having a balloon body extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the balloon. The balloon body includes a first layer, a second layer disposed about at least a portion of the first layer, a plurality of longitudinally extending rib members disposed between the first and the second layers and configured to form a plurality of sealed cavities between the first and the second layers; and a balloon chamber within the first layer, the balloon chamber being in a communication with the lumen of the shaft for inflating and deflating the balloon. 124-. (canceled)25. A method of manufacture a dilation balloon catheter comprising:(i) extruding a single piece of a non-compliant raw balloon material into a tubular shape extending between a first end and a second end, the tubular shape comprising a first layer, a second layer, a plurality of longitudinally extending rib members between the first and the second layers and forming a plurality of cavities between the first and the second layers, and an inner lumen within the first layer;(ii) placing the extruded balloon material into a forming mold;(iii) blow molding the extruded balloon material into a balloon shape of the mold so as to form a balloon body having an outer balloon diameter, wherein only the inner lumen of the extruded balloon material is pressurized;(iv) disposing the balloon body on a portion of a distal end of a shaft.26. The method of claim 25 , further comprising clamping the first and the ...

CUTTING OR SCORING BALLOON AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

A cutting or scoring balloon () is provided with a plurality of cutting or scoring elements () and is wrapped onto a balloon catheter () such that the cutting or scoring elements () overlie the balloon wall () with the balloon wall () pleated underneath the cutting or scoring elements (). The cutting or scoring elements () remain exposed when the balloon () is pleated and wrapped onto the balloon catheter () and in a tightly wrapped configuration. 1. A pleated cutting or scoring balloon , the balloon including a flexible balloon wall having inner and outer surfaces , the balloon wall providing a balloon body portion extending along a longitudinal axis of the balloon and having a circumferential periphery; and a plurality of cutting or scoring elements integral with or attached to the outer surface of the balloon wall , said cutting or scoring elements extending substantially along said longitudinal axis and being spaced from one another along the circumferential periphery of the body portion; wherein balloon wall located between the cutting or scoring elements is wrapped underneath the cutting or scoring elements such that the cutting or scoring elements are exposed on the wrapped balloon.2. A pleated cutting or scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein a first part of the balloon wall between the cutting or scoring elements is pleated underneath the cutting or scoring element and a second part of said balloon wall is pleated to one side of said cutting or scoring element.3. A pleated cutting or scoring balloon according to claim 2 , wherein said second part extends circumferentially around the pleated balloon to a position short of an adjacent cutting or scoring element.4. A pleated cutting or scoring balloon according to claim 2 , wherein said first and second parts have substantially the same widths.5. A pleated cutting or scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein balloon wall between each adjacent set of cutting or scoring elements is pleated under one ...

SCORING BALLOON AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

A scoring balloon () is provided with a plurality of scoring elements () and is wrapped onto a balloon catheter () such that the scoring elements () lie underneath the balloon wall () with the balloon wall () folded over the scoring elements (). The scoring elements () are rounded at their extremities. The balloon () is folded onto the balloon catheter () in a tightly wrapped configuration. 1. A pleated scoring balloon , the balloon including a flexible balloon wall having inner and outer surfaces , the balloon wall providing a balloon body portion extending along a longitudinal axis of the balloon and having a circumferential periphery; and a plurality of scoring elements on or attached to the outer surface of the balloon wall , said scoring elements extending substantially in the direction of said longitudinal axis and being spaced from one another along the circumferential periphery of the body portion , each scoring element exhibiting a rounded or compliant extremity , wherein balloon wall located between the scoring elements overlies and is in contact with the scoring elements.2. A pleated scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the extremities of the scoring elements are rounded to a radius of at least 0.025 millimetres.3. A pleated scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the scoring elements have their extremities rounded to a radius of 0.025 millimetres to 0.25 millimetres.4. A pleated scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the balloon is wrapped to have minimal airspaces.5. A pleated scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the balloon wall is in direct contact with the scoring elements over which it is wrapped.6. A pleated scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the wrapping of the balloon wall is in the same direction.7. A pleated scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the scoring elements are made of a polymeric or elastomeric material.8. A pleated scoring balloon according to claim 1 , wherein the scoring ...

BALLOON CATHETER AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME

In at least one embodiment of the present invention a balloon catheter is provided. The balloon catheter comprises a shaft having a lumen formed therethrough. Connected to the shaft is an inflatable balloon. The inflatable balloon has a balloon wall defining a balloon interior surface and a balloon exterior surface that is opposite the interior surface. In fluid communication with the balloon wall is the lumen for inflating the balloon to define an inflated state and for collapsing the balloon to define a deflated state. The balloon wall is textured in the deflated state such that the balloon interior surface is spatially registered with the balloon exterior surface. The balloon in the inflated state is tensioned to have a surface roughness substantially less than a surface roughness of the balloon in the deflated state. 1. A method of making a balloon catheter comprising: forming a heated resin wall that has an exterior resin surface facing the internal mold surface and an interior resin surface opposite the exterior resin surface;', 'pressurizing the heated resin wall such that the exterior resin surface conforms to the texture of the internal mold surface and the interior resin surface is spatially registered with the exterior resin surface, defining a heated resin wall texture; and', 'cooling the heated resin wall to form a balloon wall having a balloon texture which corresponds to the heated resin wall texture, defining the balloon; and, 'blow molding a heated resin within a mold to produce a balloon, the mold having an internal mold surface textured to define a mold surface profile with a corresponding mold surface roughness value, the blow molding includingattaching the balloon to a shaft to form the balloon catheter, the balloon in fluid communication with the shaft to be inflatable to tension the balloon, substantially reducing a surface roughness of the balloon.2. The method of wherein the mold surface roughness value is at least a numerical average ...

INTEGRAL DILATION ELEMENT FOR A BALLOON CATHETER

A balloon catheter is provided for dilating hardened stenoses. The balloon catheter has dilation elements integrally formed on the outer surface of the balloon. The dilation elements have cross-sectional shapes that improve the performance of the balloon catheter. 1. A balloon catheter , comprising:a catheter shaft comprising an inflation lumen extending longitudinally therethrough;a balloon mounted on a distal end of said catheter shaft, said balloon comprising an interior cavity in communication with said inflation lumen, said inflation lumen thereby being adapted to communicate an inflation media to inflate and deflate said balloon;{'sup': 4', '4', '4', '4, 'said balloon comprising an integral dilation element extending along a length of an outer surface of said balloon, said dilation element being defined by an area moment of inertia of about 0.0875 mmto about 0.00045 mmand a polar moment of inertia of about 0.175 mmto about 0.0009 mm.'}2. The balloon catheter according to claim 1 , wherein said area moment of inertia is about 0.0083 mmto about 0.0008 mmand said polar moment of inertia is about 0.0166 mmto about 0.0016 mm.3. The balloon catheter according to claim 1 , wherein said area moment of inertia is about 0.003125 mmto about 0.0008 mmand said polar moment of inertia is about 0.00625 mmto about 0.0016 mm.4. The balloon catheter according to claim 1 , wherein said balloon and said dilation element are made from a material comprising an elastic modulus of about 1 claim 1 ,000 MPa to about 2 claim 1 ,000 MPa.5. The balloon catheter according to claim 1 , wherein said dilation element and a wall forming said balloon are made from the same material.6. The balloon catheter according to claim 1 , wherein an overall height of said dilation element is about 1.25 mm or less.7. The balloon catheter according to claim 1 , wherein said dilation element comprises a pointed tip.8. The balloon catheter according to claim 7 , wherein said dilation element comprises a ...

CUTTING BALLOON WITH CONNECTOR AND DILATION ELEMENT

A balloon catheter is provided that may be used to dilate hardened regions of a stenosis. The balloon catheter is provided with one or more dilation elements that extend along a surface of a balloon. Each dilation element is connected to an outer surface of the balloon by a connector. The connector is sufficiently sized and designed to undergo stress-induced plastic deformation incurred during blow molding so that a significant portion of each of the dilation elements does not become absorbed into the wall of the final blow molded balloon, thereby maintaining the structural integrity of each of the dilation elements. 1. A balloon catheter for dilation of a vessel wall , comprising:a balloon having a tapered distal portion, and a tapered proximal portion, wherein at least a length of an outer surface of the balloon comprises a working diameter between the distal portion and the proximal portion adapted to dilate the vessel wall;a shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, the balloon being mounted on the distal end of the shaft, wherein the shaft further comprises an inflation lumen extending therethrough in fluid communication with an interior region of the balloon, the balloon thereby being expandable between a deflated state and an inflated state;a protuberance continuously extending from the proximal portion to the distal portion and along the tapered proximal portion, along the outer surface of the balloon, and along the tapered distal portion, the protuberance monolithically formed with the balloon at an interface region, the protuberance comprising a dilation element and a connector, the dilation element extending away from the outer surface of the balloon and defined by a second effective width, the connector connecting the dilation element to the outer surface of the balloon at the interface region, the connector defined by a first effective width less than the second effective width of the dilation element.2. The balloon catheter of claim 1 , wherein the ...

INTEGRAL DILATION ELEMENT FOR A BALLOON CATHETER

A balloon catheter is provided for dilating hardened stenoses. The balloon catheter has dilation elements integrally formed on the outer surface of the balloon. The dilation elements have cross-sectional shapes that improve the performance of the balloon catheter. 1. A method of manufacturing a balloon catheter , comprising:placing a tube inside a mold, said tube comprising a generally circular wall surrounding a central lumen and a protrusion integrally attached to an outer surface of said generally circular wall and extending along a length thereof;expanding a portion of said tube inside of the mold by heating said tube and pressurizing said central lumen, said mold comprising a longitudinal clearance cavity to receive a length of said protrusion, said tube forming a balloon and said protrusion forming a dilation element after said expanding, said balloon comprising a central working diameter portion and end neck regions;bonding said end neck regions to a catheter shaft, an inflation lumen being in communication with an interior cavity of said balloon to inflate and deflate said balloon.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said longitudinal clearance cavity along at least a portion of said working diameter portion is sized so that said protrusion does not significantly contact said mold during said expanding.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said longitudinal clearance cavity at least partially receives said protrusion along at least a portion of said neck regions claim 2 , said longitudinal clearance cavity in said neck regions thereby indexing said tube to said longitudinal clearance cavity along said working diameter portion.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said bonding comprises disposing heat shrink tubing over said protrusion along said neck regions after said heating and pressurizing.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said disposing comprises applying sufficient heat to said neck region to substantially reform said ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM OF COAL MINE ROOF STABILIZATION

The present application relates to a system for supporting a roof of a portion of a mine. The system includes a first plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof at a first elevation. The first plurality of stabilizing members originate from a first common location and terminate at a second elevation that is higher than the first elevation. The system further includes a second plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof and the first plurality of stabilizing members at a third elevation. The second plurality of stabilizing members originate from a second common location and terminate at a fourth elevation that is higher than the third elevation. The second plurality of stabilizing members are disposed generally perpendicular to the first plurality of stabilizing members. 1. A system for supporting a roof of a subterranean mine , the system comprising:a first plurality of stabilizing members disposed underground above the roof of the subterranean mine at a first elevation, the first plurality of stabilizing members terminating at a second elevation;a second plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof of the subterranean mine and above the first plurality of stabilizing members at a third elevation, the second plurality of stabilizing members terminating at a fourth elevation;wherein, the second plurality of stabilizing members are disposed generally perpendicular to the first plurality of stabilizing members; andwherein weight of the roof of the subterranean mine is distributed to a surrounding structure via the first plurality of stabilizing members and the second plurality of stabilizing members.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:the first plurality of stabilizing members comprises a first plurality of cables; andthe second plurality of stabilizing members comprises a second plurality of cables.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein:the first plurality of cables are contained within a first plurality of boreholes; andthe second ...

BALLOON CATHETER AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME

In at least one embodiment of the present invention a balloon catheter is provided. The balloon catheter comprises a shaft having a lumen formed therethrough. Connected to the shaft is an inflatable balloon. The inflatable balloon has a balloon wall defining a balloon interior surface and a balloon exterior surface that is opposite the interior surface. In fluid communication with the balloon wall is the lumen for inflating the balloon to define an inflated state and for collapsing the balloon to define a deflated state. The balloon wall is textured in the deflated state such that the balloon interior surface is spatially registered with the balloon exterior surface. The balloon in the inflated state is tensioned to have a surface roughness substantially less than a surface roughness of the balloon in the deflated state. 1. A method of making a balloon catheter comprising: forming a heated resin wall that has an exterior resin surface facing the internal mold surface and an interior resin surface opposite the exterior resin surface;', 'pressurizing the heated resin wall such that the exterior resin surface conforms to the texture of the internal mold surface and the interior resin surface is spatially registered with the exterior resin surface, defining a heated resin wall texture; and', 'cooling the heated resin wall to form a balloon wall having a balloon texture which corresponds to the heated resin wall texture, defining the balloon; and, 'blow molding a heated resin within a mold to produce a balloon, the mold having an internal mold surface textured to define a mold surface profile with a corresponding mold surface roughness value, the blow molding includingattaching the balloon to a shaft to form the balloon catheter, the balloon in fluid communication with the shaft to be inflatable to tension the balloon, substantially reducing a surface roughness of the balloon.2. The method according to wherein the mold surface roughness value is at least a numerical ...

Coated medical device

A coated medical device ( 10 ) including a structure ( 12 ) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material ( 14 ) having a bioactive material layer ( 18 ) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon ( 26 ) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material ( 58 ) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

METHOD AND SYSTEM OF COAL MINE ROOF STABILIZATION

The present application relates to a system for supporting a roof of a portion of a mine. The system includes a first plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof at a first elevation. The first plurality of stabilizing members originate from a first common location and terminate at a second elevation that is higher than the first elevation. The system further includes a second plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof and the first plurality of stabilizing members at a third elevation. The second plurality of stabilizing members originate from a second common location and terminate at a fourth elevation that is higher than the third elevation. The second plurality of stabilizing members are disposed generally perpendicular to the first plurality of stabilizing members. 1. A system for supporting a roof of a subterranean mine , the system comprising:a first plurality of stabilizing members disposed underground above the roof of the subterranean mine at a first elevation, the first plurality of stabilizing members terminating at a second elevation;a second plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof of the subterranean mine and above the first plurality of stabilizing members at a third elevation, the second plurality of stabilizing members terminating at a fourth elevation;wherein, the second plurality of stabilizing members are disposed generally perpendicular to the first plurality of stabilizing members; andwherein weight of the roof of the subterranean mine is distributed to a surrounding structure via the first plurality of stabilizing members and the second plurality of stabilizing members.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:the first plurality of stabilizing members comprises a first plurality of cables; andthe second plurality of stabilizing members comprises a second plurality of cables.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein:the first plurality of cables are contained within a first plurality of boreholes; andthe second ...

CUTTING BALLOON WITH CONNECTOR AND DILATION ELEMENT

A balloon catheter is provided that may be used to dilate hardened regions of a stenosis. The balloon catheter is provided with one or more dilation elements that extend along a surface of a balloon. Each dilation element is monolithically connected to an outer surface of the balloon by a connector. The connector is sufficiently sized and designed to undergo stress-induced plastic deformation incurred during blow molding so that a significant portion of each of the dilation elements does not become absorbed into the wall of the final blow molded balloon, thereby maintaining the structural integrity of each of the dilation elements. The dilation element has a flattened outer surface along at least proximal and distal neck portions of the balloon. 1. A balloon catheter for dilation of a vessel wall , comprising:a balloon having a distal neck portion at a distal end, a distal tapered portion proximally adjacent to the distal neck portion, a proximal tapered portion, and a proximal neck portion at a proximal end and proximally adjacent to the distal neck portion proximal tapered portion, wherein at least a length of an outer surface of the balloon comprises a working diameter between the distal tapered portion and the proximal tapered portion;a protuberance continuously extending from the proximal neck portion along the tapered proximal portion, along the outer surface of the working diameter, and along the tapered distal portion to the distal neck portion, the protuberance monolithically formed with the balloon at an interface region, the protuberance comprising a dilation element and a connector, the dilation element extending away from the outer surface of the balloon and defined by a second effective width, the connector connecting the dilation element to the outer surface of the balloon at the interface region, the connector defined by a first effective width less than the second effective width of the dilation element,wherein the dilation element has a flattened ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM OF COAL MINE ROOF STABILIZATION

The present application relates to a system for supporting a roof of a portion of a mine. The system includes a first plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof at a first elevation. The first plurality of stabilizing members originate from a first common location and terminate at a second elevation that is higher than the first elevation. The system further includes a second plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof and the first plurality of stabilizing members at a third elevation. The second plurality of stabilizing members originate from a second common location and terminate at a fourth elevation that is higher than the third elevation. The second plurality of stabilizing members are disposed generally perpendicular to the first plurality of stabilizing members. 1. A system for supporting a roof of a subterranean mine , the system comprising:a first plurality of stabilizing members disposed underground above the roof of the subterranean mine at a first elevation, the first plurality of stabilizing members terminating at a second elevation;a second plurality of stabilizing members disposed above the roof of the subterranean mine and above the first plurality of stabilizing members at a third elevation, the second plurality of stabilizing members terminating at a fourth elevation;wherein, the second plurality of stabilizing members are disposed generally perpendicular to the first plurality of stabilizing members; andwherein weight of the roof of the subterranean mine is distributed to a surrounding structure via the first plurality of stabilizing members and the second plurality of stabilizing members.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:the first plurality of stabilizing members comprises a first plurality of cables; andthe second plurality of stabilizing members comprises a second plurality of cables.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein:the first plurality of cables are contained within a first plurality of boreholes; andthe second ...

Wax-Organic Extender Emulsion and Method for Manufacture Thereof

A wax-extender emulsion including a plurality of wax-extender complex particles suspended in water is described. A wax-extender complex includes a wax component, an organic extender component and a surfactant that stabilizes the wax component and the organic extender component collectively to form the wax-extender complex. The wax-extender emulsion comprises from 2 wt % to 30 wt % organic extender. During manufacturing, the organic extender and wax component are emulsified and homogenized together to produce the wax-extender emulsion. The wax-extender emulsion can be co-applied as a mixture with adhesive resin during wood-based composite manufacturing. 1. A wax-extender emulsion comprising a wax-extender complex suspended in water , wherein the wax-extender complex comprises a wax component , an organic extender component and a surfactant , wherein the surfactant associates with and stabilizes the wax component and the organic extender component , which are closely associated with one another , to form the complex , wherein the wax-extender emulsion comprises from 2 wt % to 30 wt % organic extender.2. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the wax component comprises a petroleum-based wax claim 1 , a bio-based wax claim 1 , a synthetic wax or mixtures thereof.3. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 2 , wherein the petroleum-based wax comprises slack wax.4. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 3 , wherein the slack wax comprises between 5 wt % to 30 wt % oil claim 3 , having a melting point below 170° F. and a flash point below 600° F.5. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 3 , wherein the petroleum-based wax further comprises oil claim 3 , petrolatum claim 3 , pure paraffinic claim 3 , microcrystalline claim 3 , scale waxes claim 3 , or combinations thereof.6. The wax-extender emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the organic extender comprises lignocelluloses claim 1 , lignocellulosic agricultural residue claim 1 , lignin materials claim 1 , non-lignocellulosic ...

Coated medical device

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Substituted N-methylene derivatives of thienamycin

Disclosed are substituted N-methylene derivatives of thienamycin which may be represented by the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein X and Y are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, R, OR, SR, and NR 1 R 2 wherein, inter alia, R is substituted or unsubstituted: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl; R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen or R. Such compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ether, ester and amide derivatives are useful as antibiotics. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; and methods of treatment comprising administering such compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.

6- And 6,6-disubstituted-3-substituted amino-1-azabicyclo-[3.2.0]hept-2-en-7-one-2-carboxylic acid

Disclosed are 6- and 6,6-disubstituted-3-substituted amino-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-7-one-2-carboxylic acids (I): ##STR1## wherein R 1 and R 2 are, inter alia, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted and unsubstituted: alkyl, aryl, and aralkyl; and R' and R" are independently selected from the group consisting of: H, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl and aralkyl, or together form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic group. Such compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester and amide derivatives are useful as antibiotics. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of treatment comprising administering compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.

Balloon catheter and method for making the same

In at least one embodiment of the present invention a balloon catheter is provided. The balloon catheter comprises a shaft having a lumen formed therethrough. Connected to the shaft is an inflatable balloon. The inflatable balloon has a balloon wall defining a balloon interior surface and a balloon exterior surface that is opposite the interior surface. In fluid communication with the balloon wall is the lumen for inflating the balloon to define an inflated state and for collapsing the balloon to define a deflated state. The balloon wall is textured in the deflated state such that the balloon interior surface is spatially registered with the balloon exterior surface. The balloon in the inflated state is tensioned to have a surface roughness substantially less than a surface roughness of the balloon in the deflated state.

Avermectin derivatives

Medical device including expandable balloon

Angioplasty balloons drug-coated in an expanded condition

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a nonporous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Angioplasty balloons drug-coated in an expanded condition

Angioplasty balloons drug-coated in an expanded condition

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) on which the bioactive material layer is deposited. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Angioplasty balloons drug-coated in an expanded condition

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Drug-coated angioplasty balloons

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) on which the bioactive material layer is deposited. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Coated medical device

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Coated medical device

Medical device coated with a bioactive agent

A coated medical device including a structure adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material having a bioactive material layer disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Coated medical device

COATED MEDICAL DEVICE

Coated medical device

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Coated medical device

A coated medical device ( 10 ) including a structure ( 12 ) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material ( 14 ) having a bioactive material layer ( 18 ) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon ( 26 ) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material ( 58 ) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Coated medical device

A coated medical device adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient is provided. The medical device is preferably an implantable balloon with a bioactive deposited or within the balloon. The balloon can further include a hydrophilic material positioned between the balloon and a bioactive material posited on the balloon.

Coated medical device

Coated medical device

A coated medical device ( 10 ) including a structure ( 12 ) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material ( 14 ) having a bioactive material layer ( 18 ) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon ( 26 ) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material ( 58 ) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Angioplasty balloons drug-coated in an expanded condition

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Coated medical device

Coated medical device

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Drug-coated angioplasty balloons

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) on which the bioactive material layer is deposited. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Medical device coated with a bioactive agent

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) of which the bioactive material layer is deposited thereon. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Coated medical device

A coated medical device (10) including a structure (12) adapted for introduction into a passage or vessel of a patient. The structure is formed of preferably a non-porous base material (14) having a bioactive material layer (18) disposed thereon. The medical device is preferably an implantable stent or balloon (26) on which the bioactive material layer is deposited. The stent can be positioned around the balloon and another layer of the bioactive material posited over the entire structure and extending beyond the ends of the positioned stent. The ends of the balloon extend beyond the ends of the stent and include the bioactive material thereon for delivering the bioactive material to the cells of a vessel wall coming in contact therewith. The balloon further includes a layer of hydrophilic material (58) positioned between the base and bioactive material layers of the balloon.

Catheter assembly with plaque cutting balloon

A balloon catheter assembly comprises an elongate catheter shaft having a proximal portion and a distal portion, and an inflatable balloon secured to the shaft distal portion. A plurality of cutters are arranged along an outer surface of the balloon. The cutters are shielded by folds of the balloon when the balloon is uninflated, and are arranged and configured to facilitate breakdown of a vascular restriction when said balloon is inflated. Preferably, the cutters are arranged in at least three generally parallel longitudinal rows along the balloon outer surface, and there are at least three longitudinally-aligned cutters in each row. Preferably, the cutters are formed of the same or a similar base composition as the balloon, and are bonded to the balloon outer surface.

Improved micro-hplc

Scanner document positioning device

Apparatus is disclosed which functions with a scanning arrangement including a charge coupled device (CCD) scanner and an analog-to-digital converter to digitize documents for storage, display and transmission to a remote location. The apparatus is attached to the scanner and consists of a reticle with a site pattern thereon, a lens arrangement and a lamp which are used to position a document for scanning. Prior to scanning the document the lamp is briefly energized to project the pattern onto an easel on which the document is placed, and the portion of the document on which the pattern is projected is the portion that will subsequently be scanned by the scanner.

Fishhook sinker

Scanner document positioning device

ABSTRACT Apparatus is disclosed which functions with a scanning arrangement including a charge coupled device (CCD) scanner and an analog-to-digital converter to digitize documents for storage, display and transmission to a remote location. The apparatus is attached to the scanner and consists of a reticle with a site pattern thereon, a lens arrangement and a lamp which are used to position a document for scanning. Prior to scanning the document the lamp is briefly energized to project the pattern onto an easel on which the document is placed, and the portion of the document on which the pattern is projected is the portion that will subsequently be scanned by the scanner.

Oral absorption enhancement of carboxylic acid pharmaceuticals using (5-alkyl-2-oxo-1, 3-dioxolen-4- yl) methyl ester group

TITLE OF THE INVENTION ORAL ABSORPTION ENHANCEMENT OF CARBOXYLIC ACID PHARMACEUTICALS USING (5-ALKYL-2-OXO-1,3-DIOXOLEN-4-YL)METHYL ESTER GROUP ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION The (5-R-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)methyl moiety: I wherein R is loweralkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, especially methyl or t-butyl; when utilized as an ester on a phar-maceutical having a carboxylic acid functionality, enhances oral absorption of the pharmaceutical. This effect is applicable to a broad range of pharmaceu-tically active substances, including antibiotics, and antihypertensives as well as other classes of therapeutic agents.

Bradykinin antagonists

Disclosed are multibinding compounds which are bradykinin antagonists. The multibinding compounds of this invention contain from 2 to 10 ligands covalently attached to one or more linkers. Each ligand is, independently of each other, a bradykinin antagonist. The multibinding compounds of this invention are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases such as cancer, pain, shock, asthma, rhinitis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and the like.

Liquid fuel injection pump for internalcombustion engines

Integral dilation element for a balloon catheter

A balloon catheter is provided for dilating hardened stenoses. The balloon catheter has dilation elements integrally formed on the outer surface of the balloon. The dilation elements have cross-sectional shapes that improve the performance of the balloon catheter.

Pipe coupling

Ultrasonically visible scoring balloon

Improvements in or relating to winding yarn packages

(cis-1,2-epoxypropyl)phosphonic acid derivatives

Telephone trunk line testing circuitry

Telephone trunk line testing circuitry for connection to a private branch exchange (PBX) and the telephone trunk lines for the PBX including a microcomputer unit (MCU), switching circuitry, a DTMF receiver, and a tone generator for connecting one of the trunk lines as a control trunk for the circuitry. Under the control of the MCU programmed to respond to DTMF various signal commands sent from a telephone at the far end of the control trunk the circuitry operates to selectively disconnect (isolating) one of the other trunks at a time from the PBX and connect it to the circuitry with the circuitry configured under control of the MCU for completing various test involving the trunk under test (TUT), control trunk, switching circuitry and the tone generator, including the supply of tone signals from the tone generator during some of the test configurations.

5-Substituted-1-carba-pen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid

Disclosed are 1-carba-pen-2-em-3-carboxylic acids of the following structure: ##STR1## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are, inter alia, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen (R 4 is not hydrogen), alkyl, aryl, and aralkyl. Such compounds as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester and amide derivatives are useful as antibiotics. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of treatment comprising administering such compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF CEPHALOSPORINS

HARVEST MACHINE FOR HARVESTING FRUITS GROWING IN ROWS

In situ sediment ecotoxicity assessment system

A system includes a plurality of chamber holders having openings therein, and an exposure chamber positioned in each chamber holder. Each exposure chamber includes a mesh portion and a top end cap. One exposure chamber contains a mesh bottom and one contains a closed bottom. Each chamber holder is positioned within an opening contained within a base portion. One exposure chamber may extend beyond the lower boundary of the base portion. A top portion may be secured to the base portion to contain the chamber holders. A pump, with connected supply hose, may be coupled to the top portion. The supply hose is routed through the chamber holders such that a supply hose opening is adjacent to each chamber holder. The system may include a water quality sensor and a passive sampling device coupled to the base portion. A deployment system may be connected to the top portion.

Light arrangement for scanner-digitizer

ABSTRACT What is disclosed is a video scanning arrangement for scanning and digitizing documents, and having a scanner actuable to scan a document on a tablet beneath the scanner. The scanner is attached to a horizotal arm member which is in turn attached to and movable up and down a vertical support member which in turn is attached to the tablet. Two light arms are pivotally attached to the horizontal arm member and each light arm has a light source attached to its non pivoting end. Each light arm is normally folded against the horizontal arm member for storage when the video scanning arrangement is not in use, and the light arms are extended to move the light sources away from the arm member when the video scanning arrangement is to be used. The light sources are energized to illuminate a document on the tablet when the scanner is actuated to scan a document.

Cephalosporins

7-Diacyl cephalosporins

New 7-diacylimido cephalosporins are produced by reacting 7-acylamido cephalosporins with an acylating agent in the presence of a silyl reagent. The 7-diacylimido cephalosporins are cleaved to produce cephalosporins containing a different acylamido moiety. Thus, the aminoadipoyl group of cephalosporins produced by fermentation is replaced by a different acyl group by the process of the present invention. The cephalosporins produced are antibiotics having enhanced activity against gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens.

Medical device including unitary, continuous portion of varying durometer

A medical device ( 110 ) including a catheter shaft ( 111 ) and a unitarily and continuously formed portion ( 108 ) having a varying durometer, and optionally including an expandable balloon ( 18, 118 ). One or both of the unitarily and continuously formed portion ( 108 ) and the balloon ( 18, 118 ) are made from an irradiation cross-linked or cross-linkable mixture of a polyamide elastomer and at least one additional cross-linking reactant. The polyamide elastomer can be a polyester amide, a polyether ester amide or a polyether amide, and is preferably a nylon block copolymer. The aromatic molecule can be 1,3,5 triethyl benzene; 1,2,4 triethyl benzene; and 1,3,5 triisopropyl benzene. The cross-linking reactant can be: (a) a difunctional material, (b) a trifunctional material, (c) a tetrafunctional material, or (d) an aromatic molecule containing at least two ring substituents, each of the ring substituents having labile hydrogens at a benzylic site therein. The cross-linking reactant can also be diallyl phthalate or meta-phenylene dimaleimide.

Apparatus for analysing reduced inorganic sulfur.

1-oxa-l-dethia-cephalosporin compounds and antibacterial agent comprising the same

The title cpds. I(R1=Q, Q1; R2=R3=H, one of R2, R3=H, the other=Me; R4=alkyl; R5=H, heterocycle) and their salts are prepd. as antibiotics. Thus, (Z)-2-(-tritylaminothiazol-4-yl)-2- methoxyiminoacetic acid is amidated with diphenylmethyl. 7β -amino-2β - methyl-3-chloromethyl-1-oxo-1-dethia-3-cephem-4-carboxylate-HCl [prepd. in 4 steps from diphenylmethyl 7β -amino- 2β -methyl-3(1- methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thiomethyl-1-oxo-1-dethia-3-cephem- 4-carboxylate to give 75% diphenylmethyl 7β -[(Z)-2-(2-trityl aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino) acetoamido -2β -methyl- 3-chloromethyl-1-oxa-1-dethia-3-cephem-4-carboxylate. This is converted in 2 steps to I.2na (R1=Q, R2=Me, R3=H, R4=Me)(II. 2Na).

Machine for harvesting fruit grown on plants arranged in a row

6-Substituted methyl penicillins, derivatives and analogues thereof

Disclosed are antibiotic 6-(substituted methyl) penicillins, derivatives and nuclear analogues thereof; wherein the methyl substituent is, inter alia, hydroxyl, ketonic oxygen, imino nitrogen, amino or thio. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester and amide derivatives; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; and methods of treatment comprising administering such compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.

Method of removing acetylene from anhydrous-hydrogen chloride

Small amounts of acetylene in anhydrous hydrogen chloride can be reduced by heating the gas to a temperature within the range of about 300° C to 500° C in the presence of oxygen, said oxygen being in molar excess to that of the acetylene present. The process converts up to 99+% of the acetylene to vinyl chloride, carbon monoxide, other oxidation and chlorinated products with minimal production of chlorine which is an undesirable by-product.

Cephalosporin phosphonic acid, sulfonic acid and sulfonamide compounds

Novel antibiotics of the formula: ##STR1## and its salts, esters and amides wherein R is acyl; B is H, OCH 3 , CH 3 or SR" wherein R" is lower alkyl; A is hydrogen, hydroxy, or an organic group; and, Y is a radical of the formula PO(OH) 2 ; PO(OH)(OR") wherein R" is loweralkyl; SO 2 (OH); or SO 2 NH 2 . The products are prepared by a multi-step process starting with an α-aminophosphonoacetate and terminating in the acylation of the 7-amino compound, and, if desired, removing the ester blocking group. The products are useful antibiotics.

Tool for removing intraocular foreign bodies

A medical instrument captures and removes very large intraocular foreign bodies. The foreign bodies may have an irregular shape, a low coefficient of friction, and be made of non-magnetic materials. A fixed position hollow rod is mounted to a leading end of an elongate base and a lid is mounted to the distal end of the hollow rod. A control rod is slideably received within the hollow rod and a control knob slideably mounted on the elongate base is connected to the control rod to control extension and retraction of the control rod. A silicone basket depends from a rim formed at the distal end of the control rod. A silicone wire interconnects the hollow rod and a bottom of the basket so that the basket is drawn parallel to the control rod when the control rod is extended. The lid covers the basket when the control rod is retracted.

1-oxa-1-dethia-cephalosporin compounds and antibacterial agent comprising the same

The subject invention includes a 1-oxa-1-dethia-cephalosporin compound represented by the general formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R 1 is a group of the formula: ##STR2## where R 5 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a carboxymethyl group or a 2-carboxy isopropyl group, or R 1 is a group of the formula: ##STR3## where R 6 is a hydrogen atom, a 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-yl group, a 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl group or a 5- and 6-membered heterocyclic radical having 2 ring nitrogens as the sole hetero substituent in the ring and having at least one hetero group on the carbon adjacent to the ring nitrogens.

Small gauge needle catheterization apparatus

An apparatus for percutaneous catheterization. The apparatus comprises a catheter, and an inner cannula received within the lumen of the catheter. The inner cannula has a distal portion that tapers toward the distal end, and is sized to extend through the distal opening of the catheter to provide a generally smooth diametrical transition between the distal end of the catheter and the distal open end of the inner cannula. A stiffening cannula is sized to be received in the lumen of the inner catheter, and has an inner diameter sized to receive a wire guide therethrough. The stiffening cannula as a distal section of greater flexibility than the flexibility of a proximal section for providing kink resistance to the apparatus.

Processes and compositions for water treatment

Method and apparatus for separating complex mixtures of bio-organic materials

A method and apparatus is described for separating complex mixtures of components, particularly bio-organic molecules, preferably on the basis of two independent physical characteristics. A sample initially is resolved in a first stage to yield a fluid stream containing the components of the sample longitudinally separated. The fluid stream then is aligned incident to the inlet face of a gel slab positioned in a electric field, having a field strength sufficient to force the separated and charged components from the flowing stream into the gel slab substantially simultaneously with exposure of said charged components to the electric field. Gel electrophoresis of the sample can then proceed in a known manner.

Adjustable harvesting machine for blueberries and other plants

An adjustable mechanism for the spoke-carrying shaft of a harvesting machine for blueberries and other plants including a first shaft for receiving rotary motion, a second shaft offset from and parallel to the first shaft, harvesting spokes mounted in tiers on and projecting radially from the second shaft, a first screw adjustment for varying the distance between the first and second shafts to thereby vary the orbit of the second shaft, counterweight members mounted relative to the second shaft, second screw adjustments for varying the positions of the counterweight members to correspond with the adjusted position of the second shaft to thereby balance the second shaft in all adjusted positions thereof, with certain of the spokes having their outer ends inclined upwardly relative to the horizontal while other spokes have their outer ends inclined downwardly relative to the horizontal so that the projection of the outer ends of the spokes in a vertical direction provides relatively great vertical coverage of the plant being harvested, and mounting structure for varying the inclination of the spokes.

Phosphanilic acid derivatives

Method of removing acetylene from anhydrous-hydrogen chloride

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Small amounts of acetylene in anhydrous HC1 can be reduced by heating the gas to a temperature within the range of 300°C to 500°C in the presence of oxygen, said oxygen being in molar excess to that of the acetylene present. The process converts up to about 99% of the acetylene to vinyl chloride, carbon monoxide, other oxidation and chlorinated products with minimal production of chlorine which is an undesirable by-product.

Improved integral dilation element for a balloon catheter

A balloon catheter is provided for dilating hardened stenoses. The balloon catheter has dilation elements integrally formed on the outer surface of the balloon. The dilation elements have cross-sectional shapes that improve the performance of the balloon catheter.

Catheter assembly with plaque cutting balloon

A balloon catheter assembly comprises an elongate catheter shaft having a proximal portion and a distal portion, and an inflatable balloon secured to the shaft distal portion. A plurality of cutters are arranged along an outer surface of the balloon. The cutters are shielded by folds of the balloon when the balloon is uninflated, and are arranged and configured to facilitate breakdown of a vascular restriction when said balloon is inflated. Preferably, the cutters are arranged in at least three generally parallel longitudinal rows along the balloon outer surface, and there are at least three longitudinally-aligned cutters in each row. Preferably, the cutters are formed of the same or a similar base composition as the balloon, and are bonded to the balloon outer surface.

Method of forming a balloon with integrally retained dilation element

Small gauge needle catheterization apparatus

An apparatus for percutaneous catheterization. The apparatus comprises a catheter, and an inner cannula received within the lumen of the catheter. The inner cannula has a distal portion that tapers toward the distal end, and is sized to extend through the distal opening of the catheter to provide a generally smooth diametrical transition between the distal end of the catheter and the distal open end of the inner cannula. A stiffening cannula is sized to be received in the lumen of the inner catheter, and has an inner diameter sized to receive a wire guide therethrough. The stiffening cannula as a distal section of greater flexibility than the flexibility of a proximal section for providing kink resistance to the apparatus.

Cable seal

Catheter assembly with plaque cutting balloon

A balloon catheter assembly comprises an elongate catheter shaft having a proximal portion and a distal portion, and an inflatable balloon secured to the shaft distal portion. A plurality of cutters are arranged along an outer surface of the balloon. The cutters are shielded by folds of the balloon when the balloon is uninflated, and are arranged and configured to facilitate breakdown of a vascular restriction when said balloon is inflated. Preferably, the cutters are arranged in at least three generally parallel longitudinal rows along the balloon outer surface, and there are at least three longitudinally-aligned cutters in each row. Preferably, the cutters are formed of the same or a similar base composition as the balloon, and are bonded to the balloon outer surface.

6- and 4-substituted-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptan-3, 7-dione-2-carboxylates

Disclosed are 6- and 4-substituted-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-3,7-dione-2-carboxylic acid esters and salts (I) which are useful in the preparation of 6-, 1- and 2-substituted carbapenem antibiotics. ##STR1## wherein R 5 is a pharmaceutically acceptable ester moiety or a removable protecting group or an alkali or alkaline earth metal cation such as sodium or potassium and wherein R 1 , R 2 , Rhu 3 and R 4 are, inter alia, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl and aralkyl. Another embodiment disclosed is a group of compounds having the formula ##STR2## where X is a leaving group.

1-methylcarbapenems having a 2-quaternary heteroarylalkylthio substituent

TITLE OF THE INVENTION HETEROARYLALKYLTHIO SUBSTITUENT ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Compounds of the formula: whecein

6-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-2-(2-aminoethylthio)-3-tetrazoly-1-carbadethiapen-2-em

Disclosed is the antibiotic 6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-substituted-thio-3-tetrazolyl-1-carbadethiapen-2-em and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts (I): ##STR1## wherein Z is C 1 -C 3 alkylamino, C 1 -C 3 alkylguanidino, C 1 -C 3 alkylamidino, or heterocycloalkyl and, M=H, a synthetically useful cation, or pharmaceutically acceptable cation. Such compounds as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful as antibiotics. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds; novel intermediates; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; and methods of treatment comprising administering such compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.

Cis-1,2-epoxypropane-1-sulfonamides and related compounds

Computer input device for use in conjunction with a mouse input device

A computer input device is used in conjunction with a mouse input device. The computer input device of the invention comprises a body having a resilient layer covered by a surface layer textured throughout the entirety of the surface for operation of the mouse. A printed circuit card is incorporated in the body between the resilient layer and the upper surface layer and includes a plurality of capacitive touch sensor pads. The card further includes electronic circuitry for operating the touch sensor pads to detect when a capacitive object, such as a fingertip, is in the proximity of a sensor pad. A touch need not apply force to register. The printed circuit card includes a guard ring pad surrounding the touch pads which detects the presence of the mouse over the sensor pads and indicates that any detected outputs from the sensor pads are not valid, but instead are due to the presence of the mouse. The mouse can operate over the entirety of the surface of the device without interruption, including over the capacitive sensor pads. The input device can be connected to a personal computer through a mouse port, a keyboard port, a universal serial bus or any other available port of the computer. Other computer system components, such as a keyboard or mouse, can be connected directly or indirectly through this input device.

Bradykinin antagonists

Disclosed are multibinding compounds which are bradykinin antagonists. The multibinding compounds of this invention contain from 2 to 10 ligands covalently attached to one or more linkers. Each ligand is, independently of each other, a bradykinin antagonist. The multibinding compounds of this invention are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases such as cancer, pain, shock, asthma, rhinitis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and the like.

Multi-layer barrier preventing wood pest access to wooden structures

A method and device are disclosed which prevent the intrusion of insects onto wood structures by using a barrier capable of retaining pesticide. In the disclosed method, the barrier maintains a minimal effective level of insecticide for a predetermined period of time.

3-ALKYLENOLETHERS OF 6-METHYL-17.alpha.-ACETOXY-PROGESTERONE

CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES

Process for the preparation of 1-carbapenems and intermediates via trithioorthoacetates

Disclosed is a process for the total synthesis of 1-carbapenem antibiotics (I) from L-aspartic acid via intermediates II and III: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester moiety or salt cation, or a readily removable blocking group; R 6 and R 7 are, inter alia, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl and aralkyl; R 1' is hydrogen or a protecting group; and R a , R b and R c are independently selected from alkyl, aryl and aralkyl.

Balloon catheter and method for making same

In at least one embodiment of the present invention a balloon catheter is provided. The balloon catheter comprises a shaft having a lumen formed therethrough. Connected to the shaft is an inflatable balloon. The inflatable balloon has a balloon wall defining a balloon interior surface and a balloon exterior surface that is opposite the interior surface. In fluid communication with the balloon wall is the lumen for inflating the balloon to define an inflated state and for collapsing the balloon to define a deflated state. The balloon wall is textured in the deflated state such that the balloon interior surface is spatially registered with the balloon exterior surface. The balloon in the inflated state is tensioned to have a surface roughness substantially less than a surface roughness of the balloon in the deflated state.

Cutting or scoring balloon and apparatus therefor

A cutting or scoring balloon ( 26 ) is provided with a plurality of cutting or scoring elements ( 34 ) and is wrapped onto a balloon catheter ( 12 ) such that the cutting or scoring elements ( 34 ) overlie the balloon wall ( 36 ) with the balloon wall ( 36 ) pleated underneath the cutting or scoring elements ( 34 ). The cutting or scoring elements ( 34 ) remain exposed when the balloon ( 26 ) is pleated and wrapped onto the balloon catheter ( 12 ) and in a tightly wrapped configuration.