СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ДЫХАНИЯ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Группа изобретений относится к области медицинской техники и может быть использована для измерения и мониторинга амплитудных и частотно-временных характеристик дыхания. Устройство для измерения параметров дыхания включает последовательно соединенные таймер, блок обработки и оптический сканирующий датчик, размещенный в направляющей, прикрепленной с помощью кронштейна к кушетке. Через направляющую проходит нерастяжимый шнур, опоясывающий грудную клетку пациента. Один конец нерастяжимого шнура крепится к кушетке, на которой лежит пациент, а другой конец нерастяжимого шнура соединяется с упругим элементом, который также крепиться к кушетке. Способ измерения параметров дыхания заключается в том, что оптический сканирующий датчик непрерывно во времени регистрирует перемещение участка не растяжимого шнура, определяемое движением грудной клетки пациента в процессе дыхания, и передает данные о перемещении не растяжимого шнура на блок обработки, который выполняет вычисление относительных перемещений ...

Способ определения показаний к хирургической декомпрессии при внутрибрюшной гипертензии у больных панкреонекрозом с сердечно-легочной коморбидностью

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к хирургии. Выполняют определение степени внутрибрюшной гипертензии, при выявлении III и IV степени внутрибрюшной гипертензии больным выполняется декомпрессивная лапаротомия. При этом у пациентов с I и II степенью внутрибрюшной гипертензии дополнительно определяют параметры сердечной и легочной деятельности. Полученные значения сравнивают со значением каждого из параметров, полученных в первые сутки при поступлении в стационар, и при ухудшении значений хотя бы трех из найденных параметров от значений, полученных в первые сутки при поступлении в стационар, принимают решение о необходимости хирургической декомпрессии. Способ позволяет повысить эффективность лечения больных панкреонекрозом с сердечно-легочной коморбидностью, осложненным внутрибрюшной гипертензией. 2 пр.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОТСЛЕЖИВАНИЯ МЕТАБОЛИЗМА ПОСРЕДСТВОМ MOS ДАТЧИКА И СООТВЕТСТВУЮЩИЙ СПОСОБ

Изобретение относится к устройству и способу отслеживания метаболизма пользователя на основе металлооксидного полупроводникового (MOS) датчика и может быть использовано для личной гигиены, отслеживания физической формы и диетического питания пользователя. Устройство для отслеживания метаболизма содержит металлооксидный полупроводниковый (MOS) датчик, размещенный в потоке выдыхаемого пользователем воздуха, для выдачи сигнала, соответствующего отношению концентрации углекислого газа в выдыхаемом воздухе к концентрации кислорода во вдыхаемом воздухе; электронный блок обработки, выполненный с возможностью: считывания выходного сигнала MOS датчика и получения значения коэффициента дыхательного газообмена (RER), представляющего собой параметр метаболизма, выдачи пользователю результата отслеживания метаболизма в текстовом или цифровом виде. Техническим результатом является стабильность работы и уменьшение размеров датчика. 4 н. и 18 з.п. ф-лы, 6 ил.

Способ мониторинга выдыхаемого пациентом воздуха для прогноза декомпенсации сахарного диабета

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к способу мониторинга летучих органических соединений в выдыхаемом пациентом воздухе для прогноза развития или утяжеления степени декомпенсации сахарного диабета с раннего возраста. При этом определяют спектры диагностически значимых веществ в диагностически значимых концентрациях в выдыхаемом воздухе нейронной сетью. Оценку образца спектра выдыхаемого воздуха осуществляют приборным комплексом на основе инфракрасной лазерной спектроскопии. Приборный комплекс содержит модуль подачи пробы и пробоподготовки, соединенный с модулем анализа излучения, который, в свою очередь, соединен с модулем компьютера с нейронной сетью. Модуль подачи пробы и пробоподготовки содержит пакет для сбора проб выдыхаемого воздуха с возможностью соединения с осушителем проб выдыхаемого воздуха. Через выходной клапан осушителя образец выдыхаемого воздуха подают в многопроходовую газовую кювету Эрриота, которая вместе с квантово-каскадным лазером и фотоприемником входит в ...

СПОСОБ НЕИНВАЗИВНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ НЕПЕРЕНОСИМОСТИ ЛАКТОЗЫ

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к диагностике непереносимости лактозы. Для этого проводят выявление водорода в воздухе ротовой полости обследуемого и диагностику синдрома избыточного бактериального роста (СИБР) путем определения исходного содержания водорода до приема тестовой нагрузки с последующим определением нагрузочных содержаний водорода через 15 и 30 мин после приема тестовой нагрузки. В качестве тестового используют раствор 1 г лактулозы на 1 кг веса пациента в воде, но не более 20 г, далее рассчитывают разницу между наибольшим из нагрузочных содержаний водорода и исходным содержанием водорода. Если значение разницы после приема лактулозы равно или меньше порогового уровня 5 ppm, то диагностируют отсутствие избыточного водорода у пациента и диагностику непереносимости лактозы рекомендуют провести другими способами. Если значение разницы после приема лактулозы находится в диапазоне от 5 до 10 ppm, то у обследуемого выявляют продуцирование водорода и отсутствие СИБР. Далее ...

СПОСОБ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ РЕСПИРАТОРНЫХ НАРУШЕНИЙ У БОЛЬНЫХ ВЕНТРАЛЬНЫМИ ГРЫЖАМИ В ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОМ ПЕРИОДЕ

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к хирургии, анестезиологии, реаниматологии, и может быть использовано для профилактики и прогнозирования риска развития респираторных нарушений у больных грыжами передней брюшной стенки в послеоперационном периоде. Для этого до операции проводят капнографическое обследование пациента с последующим определением доли функционального мертвого пространства в альвеолярной вентиляции (ДФМПАВ) до вправления грыжевого мешка (ДФМПАВ1) и через 20 минут после вправления с фиксацией его содержимого в брюшной полости бандажом (ДФМПАВ2). Затем сравнивают показатель ДФМПАВ2 с показателем ДФМПАВ1. Если ДФМПАВ2 не изменилось или уменьшилось - судят о благоприятном прогнозе в отношении функционирования респираторной системы после операции. При значении ДФМПАВ2 меньше или равном 35% - прогнозируют возможные изменения функции легких в пределах нормы, не требующие проведения дополнительных лечебных мероприятий. Если ДФМПАВ2 составляет более 35% -прогнозируют существенное ...

Способ прогнозирования течения ХОБЛ тяжелой степени по GOLD III в период обострения

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к методам медицинской диагностики в ангиологии и пульмонологии, и может быть использовано в стационарах пульмонологического и терапевтического профиля для оценки и прогноза состояния пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) тяжелого течения (GOLD III) в период обострения. В качестве комплекса прогностических методов инструментального обследования при поступлении пациента в стационар используют спирометрию с определением ОФВ1, а непосредственно после пробуждения пациента в положении лежа проводят ультразвуковую допплерографию с определением скорости и асимметрии кровотока по внутренним яремным венам и определением скорости, направления и асимметрии кровотока по глазничным венам. В процессе сна осуществляют кардиореспираторный мониторинг, определяя индекс апноэ/гипопноэ для установления наличия у пациента венозной энцефалопатии пробуждения. При этом в качестве критериев неблагоприятного прогноза дальнейшего течения ХОБЛ с переходом ...

СПОСОБ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ДЫХАТЕЛЬНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ ПРИ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ОБСТРУКТИВНОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ЛЕГКИХ

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к пульмонологии и функциональной диагностике, и может быть использовано для диагностики дыхательной недостаточности при хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ). Способ включает выявление степени дыхательной недостаточности на основании определения уровня сатурации крови кислородом при проведении пульсоксиметрии в покое, минимального уровня сатурации крови кислородом за время проведения теста с 6-минутной ходьбой и заполнение пациентом опросника. Выраженность одышки при заполнении опросника оценивают в баллах по шкале: одышка не беспокоит, за исключением очень интенсивной нагрузки – 1 балл, одышка беспокоит при быстрой ходьбе или подъёме на небольшое возвышение – 2 балла, одышка приводит к более медленной ходьбе по сравнению с другими людьми того же возраста или появляется необходимость делать остановки при ходьбе в обычном темпе по ровной поверхности – 3 балла, одышка делает невозможным выход из дома или появляется при одевании и раздевании ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПРИ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ НАГРУЗКЕ ПО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЮ КИСЛОРОДТРАНСПОРТНОЙ И КИСЛОРОДУТИЛИЗИРУЮЩЕЙ СИСТЕМ ОРГАНИЗМА ЧЕЛОВЕКА

Способ неинвазивной диагностики функционального состояния кислородтранспортной и кислородутилизирующей систем организма человека заключается в том, что испытуемому задают циклическую физическую нагрузку ступенчато-возрастающей интенсивности в зоне аэробно-анаэробного перехода, симметрируя ступени нагрузки относительно ступени проявления анаэробного порога (АнП), которая в свою очередь определяется в предварительном тестировании. Непрерывное измерение и вычисление ЧСС, VE, VO2, VCO2, ExcCO2, O2- П, VE/VO2 на трех, четырех ступенях нагрузки перед АнП, затем измерение и вычисление этих же кардиореспираторных показателй на последующих трех, четырех ступенях нагрузки, превышающих АнП, в дальнейшем предоставляет возможность вычисления коэффициетов регрессии показателей, полученных до АнП (включая данные ступени проявления АнП9 и после АнП (начиная с данных ступени проявления АнП и их сопоставления. Критериями оценки взаимодействия центрального и периферического звеньев кровотока в системе транспорта ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ СТЕПЕНИ ФИБРОЗА ПЕЧЕНИ

Изобретение относится к области медицины, а именно гепатологии, и может использоваться для определения степени фиброза печени. Пациенту выполняютС-метацетиновый дыхательный тест. Используя значения кумулятивной дозыС на 10-й, 20-й и 30-й минутах указанного теста, определяют степень фиброза печени по формуле: N=1a+2b+10c, где - N - сумма баллов, а - коэффициент, рассчитываемый из кумулятивной дозыС за 10 минут в % (CUM10), b - коэффициент, рассчитываемый из кумулятивной дозыC за 20 минут в % (CUM20), с - коэффициент, рассчитываемый из кумулятивной дозыС за 30 минут в % (CUM30). При этом если CUM10<1,00%, то а=1, если CUM10>1,00%, то а=0. Если CUM20<2,50%, то b=1, а если CUM20>2,50%, то b=0. Если CUM30<5,65%, то с=1, если CUM30>5,65%, то с=0. При значении N=0, определяют степень фиброза печени как F0, соответствующую отсутствию портального фиброза. При значении N=1-3 определяют степень фиброза печени как F1-2, соответствующую наличию портального фиброза без септ и с небольшим количеством ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНОЙ ВЕРХНЕЙ ГРАНИЦЫ ПОТРЕБНОСТЕЙ ЧЕЛОВЕКА В МАКРОНУТРИЕНТАХ И ЭНЕРГИИ

Способ определения индивидуальной верхней границы потребностей человека в макронутриентах и энергии, включающий исследование метаболических характеристик в состоянии покоя и в ходе нагрузочного тестирования, определение коэффициента физической активности, отличающийся тем, что пациент в течение 7 суток ведет дневник профиля физической активности с регистрацией времени пассивного и активного времени суток tt, с учетом этого времени определяют усредненный коэффициент физической активности КФАи среднее значение энергозатрат Еза сутки, а нагрузочное тестирование проводят в режиме ступенчато возрастающей нагрузки с шагом прироста 10 Вт, длительностью ступеней, равной 3 мин, при этом максимальная величина нагрузки не должна превышать 100 Вт, затем строят график зависимости энергозатрат от величины нагрузки и определяют по нему значение нагрузки, соответствующее Е, на уровне которой фиксируют значения показателей нутриентного обмена в процессе нагрузочного тестирования V, V, Vи с учетом фактических ...

СПОСОБЫ И УСТРОЙСТВО ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ДАТЧИКА ДЫХАНИЯ

Группа изобретений относится к медицине, а именно к устройствам и способам для измерения параметров легких пользователя. Устройство содержит блок для отбора проб с портом отбора проб выдыхаемого воздуха, компонент обратной связи с пользователем, расположенные в блоке для отбора проб датчик давления и газовый датчик для обнаружения интересующего аналита в выдыхаемом воздухе пробы, а также процессор, соединенный с датчиками и с компонентом обратной связи. При этом предоставляют пользователю подсказку выдохнуть выдыхаемый воздух пробы в блок для отбора проб с постоянной скоростью потока или постоянным давлением при выдохе выдыхаемого воздуха пробы. Измеряют изменение давления выдыхаемого воздуха пробы. Осуществляют корреляцию изменения давления со скоростью потока. Получают измерение посредством газового датчика. Осуществляют корреляцию измерения с интересующим аналитом. Рассчитывают параметр легких пользователя посредством процессора на основе скорости потока. Обеспечивают с использованием ...

Способ диагностики токсических и аллергических реакций при лечении больных туберкулезом легких

Изобретение относится к медицине , точнее к фтизиатрии. Цель изобретения - повышение точности дифференциальной диагностики при применении антибактериальных препаратов. Для этого определяют тканевый кислородный режим с окклюзией и после ее прекращения. Затем определяют отношение латентного периода восстановления в период приема антибактериальных препаратов и до начала лечения ими. При отношении меньше I диагностируют токсические реакции, а при отношении больше 1 диагностируют аллергические реакции. При отношении, равном 1, делают вывод об отсутствии реакции организма на антибактериальные препараты.

Способ определения динамического действия пищи на организм человека

Изобретение относится к нутри- цитологии, а именно к способам оценки специфического динамического действия ПИ1ЦИ у человека. Цель изобретения - повышение точности определе-i ния. Для этого отбирают пробы вьщыха- емого воздуха до и после нормированного приема пищи с последующим их анализом. Во время отбора проб обследуемый выполняет физическую нагрузку мощностью 0,6-0,7 Вт/кг, поднимаясь на ступенку, что позволяет устранить влияние субъективного фактора на минутный объем дыхания. Определяют в пробах содержание 0 и СО и рассчитывают величину энергозатрат которая возрастет,- обусловленная специфическим динамическим действием пищи. (Л ...

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VORRICHTUNG UND METHODE ZUR MESSUNG DES RESPIRATORISCHEN SAUERSTOFFVERBRAUCHS

Device for optically measuring the oxygen concentration in a gas stream includes a film comprising a luminescent dye and an amorphous 2,2-bistrifluoromethyl-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxole (co)polymer

Device for optically measuring the oxygen concentration in a gas stream is new. Device for optically measuring the oxygen concentration in a gas stream comprises a channel (12) through which the gas stream is passed, a light source (8) that transmits a light beam through the gas in the channel onto a film (3) comprising a luminescent dye and an amorphous 2,2-bistrifluoromethyl-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxole (co)polymer (I), a detector (9) that captures the light emitted by the dye, and an evaluation and control unit (10) that controls the light beam emitted by the light source and evaluates the light captured by the detector.

Detection of helicobacter pylori

CARBON DIOXIDE DETECTION

Method of and apparatus for monitoring respiration whilst delivering oxygen to a patient

GAS FLOW RESTRICTING AND DIRECTING DEVICE INTENDED FOR FLOW MEASUREMENT

A gas flow directing and restricting device intended for flow measurement and having bilaterally located apertures (2) communicating via a measuring tube (3) to a measuring device (4) for measurement of pressure difference. Starting from aperture (2) and leading towards the inside boundary of flow tube (1), there are one or more baffles (5) either perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of tube (1) or inclined forwards against the direction of flow, whereby said baffles guide the flowing gas to aperture (2).

Estimating energy expenditure

An arrangement for estimating energy expenditure during exercise. The device includes a module for estimating whether a person is exceeding their anaerobic threshold and, if they are exceeding their anaerobic threshold calculating the additional energy expenditure due to the anaerobic metabolism of ATP. The additional energy expenditure can then be added to an estimate of the energy expenditure due to aerobic metabolism and output to the user in order to provide an estimate of the energy expenditure occurring during anaerobic exercise.

Improvements in and relating to breath measurement

Mouthpiece for a breathalyser

In a device for measuring redox gases, such as alcohol, in a person's breath, a disposable tubular mouthpiece forms an elongated flow passage and is displaceably securable in a measuring head. The mouthpiece has an opening at one end for blowing air into it and openings along its length for directing the air into the measuring head. A check valve is located in the flow passage so that air exhaled into the opening in the end of the mouthpiece can flow to the measuring head, but inhaling on the mouthpiece places the check valve in a closed position. The mouthpiece can be formed of a single molded piece or two tubular portions secured together. The end of the mouthpiece opposite the open end is closed and is spaced from the openings into the measuring head for forming a moisture chamber for collecting saliva.

MOUTHPIECE FOR A BREATHALYSER

SYSTEM FOR SUPERVISING PATIENT DATA

VORRICHTUNG ZUM BESTIMMEN ZEITLICHER MITTELWERKE DES STROMES UND/ODER DER KONZENTRATION VON GASKOMPONENTEN IN EINEM MESSGAS

DEVICE TO THE DIAGNOSIS WITH A RECIPROCATING AIR RIVER

EQUIPMENT TO SCHMERZLINDERUNG AND FEAR SOLUTION IN CONNECTION WITH MEDICAL OR SURGICAL INTERFERENCES

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE SYNCHRONISATION OF THE INHALED GAS MEASUREMENTS

MORE TRANSPORTABLY PNEUMOTACHOGRAPH TO THE MEASUREMENT OF COMPONENTS OF THE EXSPIRATIONSVOLUMENS AS WELL AS A PROCEDURE FOR THIS

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trainieren einer künstlichen Beatmung

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Trainieren einer künstlichen Beatmung mit einem Tubus (1) zum Einführen in eine Trachea-Nachbildung (2) zur endotrachealen Intubation, welcher Tubus (1) mit einem Beatmungsgeräteanschluss (6) verbindbar ist, und Sensoren (8) zur Messung der Position des Tubus (1) in der Trachea-Nachbildung (2) und einer Anzeige (7) zur Anzeige der korrekten Position des Tubus (1) als Zeichen einer korrekten Intubation. Zur optimalen Simulation der Beatmung ist ein Kapnometer-Simulator (3) mit einem Anschluss (4) zur Verbindung mit dem Tubus (1) und einem Anschluss (5) zur Verbindung mit dem Beatmungsgeräteanschluss (6) vorgesehen, wobei Sensoren (9) zur Kontrolle der Verbindung des Tubus (1) mit dem Kapnometer-Simulator (3) vorgesehen sind, welche Sensoren (9) mit einer Steuereinrichtung (10) verbunden sind, welche Steuereinrichtung (10) mit der Anzeige (7) verbunden ist, und dazu ausgebildet ist, bei ordnungsgemäßer Verbindung des Tubus (1) ...

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE EVALUATION OF SPIROGRAPHIEUND GAS EXCHANGE DATA

DEVICE FOR DETERMINING TEMPORAL ONES OF CENTRAL WORKS OF THE RIVER AND/OR THE CONCENTRATION OF GAS COMPONENTS IN A MEASURING GAS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF A OF RESPIRATORY MEASURING DATA OF DEPENDENT INDICATOR

WATER TRAP.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR FESTSTELLUNG DES BLUTALKOHOLGEHALTES

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Feststellung des aktuellen Blutalkoholgehaltes einer Person. Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass personenspezifische Daten, insbesondere das Geschlecht und das Körpergewicht der Person in ein entsprechend programmiertes Mobilfunktelefons (1) eingegeben werden; - dass die konsumierten Alkoholmengen eingegeben werden; - dass der aktuelle Blutalkoholgehalt unter Berücksichtigung der seit der Eingabe der einzelnen Alkoholmengen verflossenen Zeit und der personenspezifischen Daten errechnet wird, sowie - dass der errechnete Wert im Display (7) des Mobilfunktelefons (1) angezeigt wird.

PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS.

DEVICE TO THE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF INHALED GASES

INFUSION DEVICE WITH CO2 MONITORING

EQUIPMENT FOR THE DIAGNOSTIC GAS ANALYSIS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE MEASUREMENT THAT PULMONAREN BLUTSTROMUNG IN THE COURSE OF THE EXCHANGE OF OXYGEN AND AN INERT GAS IN THE PULMONAREN BLOOD

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF COMPONENTS IN OF HUMANS OF BREATHED OUT AIR

EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE SAUERSTOFFVERBRAUCHS

DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE CARBON DIOXIDE CONTENT IN BREATHED OUT BREATHING AIR

NICHTINVASIVE REGULATION OF CARDIAC OUTPUT, PULMONAREN FLOW OF BLOOD AND BLOOD GAS CONTENT

DEVICE FOR REGULATING CONSTANTS A GAS FLOW

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR NEURAL NETWORK BREATHING ALARM

A respiratory monitoring, diagnostic and therapeutic system

Analysis method for determining a functional parameter of an organ using preferably an aqueous 13C methacetin solution

Gas monitoring system and sidestream gas measurement system adapted to communicate with a mainstream gas measurement system

Method and apparatus for predicting work of breathing

Co2 monitored drug infusion system

HEALTH IMPROVEMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF FLUX OF GASES IN THE LUNGS DURING BREATHING

Patient monitoring system

Isotopic gas analyzer

A stable isotope measurement method for spectrometrically analyzing an isotopic gas and method of judging absorption capacity of carbon dioxide absorbent

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING RESPIRATORY GASES DURING ANESTHESIA

Apparatus and method for respired gas collection

Disease management system

FILTER SELECTION AND GAS CONCENTRATION COMPUTATION FOR SHUTTERLESS OPTICALLY STABILIZED CAPNOGRAPH

Non-invasive method for optimizing the respiration of atelectatic lungs

SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENT OF OXYGEN UPTAKE AND RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT

PORTABLE VO2 METER

A VO2 meter comprising a patient interface, an O2 sensor, a bi-directional flow (volume) meter, a heart rate pickup device, for example by "Polar", a mini-mixing chamber, temperature and barometric pressure sensors, a memory and a PC interface such as a USB.

METHOD FOR SPECTROMETRICALLY MEASURING ISOTOPIC GAS AND APPARATUS THEREOF

A correction curve is prepared by plotting 1X02 concentrations and 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratios which are determined on the basis of a calibration curve and 13CO2 and 12CO2 absorbances of gaseous samples having the same 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio but known different 12CO2 concentrations. A gaseous teat ample containing 13CO2 and 12CO2 as component gases is introduced into a cell, and spectrometrically measured. A 12CO2 concentration of the gaseous test sample is determined by way of the spectrometric measurement. A concentration ratio correction value is obtained on the basis of the correction curve and the 12CO2 concentration of the gaseous test sample thus determined. A measured 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio is divided by the concentration ratio correction value thus obtained for correction of the 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio. Thus, the measurement accuracy of the concentration ratios of the component gases can be improved.

A NON-INVASIVE METHOD FOR ASSESSING TISSUE PERFUSION IN A PATIENT

The present invention pertains to a non-invasive way of assessing tissue perfusion in a patient, especially for treatment follow-up and prognosis of septic shock. More specifically, tissue perfusion is assessed by measuring the cutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide of said patient, for example at ear lobe with a PCO2 sensor which is not heated at a temperature superior to 37.5°C, and by calculating the difference between said cutaneous PCO2 and either the arterial or the end-tidal partial pressure of CO2. A device for performing a continuous non-invasive perfusion follow-up is also part of the invention.

GAS MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS MEASURING OF THE CO2 CONTENT IN RESPIRATORY GASES

This invention relates to a gas measuring apparatus and method based on infrared absorption and for measuring the CO2 content in respiratory gas. A method of continually measuring the content of CO2 in respiratory gas, wherein a detector is irradiated by an infrared source via a cyclical respiratory gas flow. Measurement values are continually derived from said detector for both the inhalation and the exhalation phases under the control of respiratory phase detecting means, and these values are divided one by another in calculating means to give a resultant indicating approximately the CO2 content.

GAS ANALYZER

A gas analyzer especially for pulmonary use has a frame supporting a centrally mounted radiation chamber having a substantially uniform inside diameter of about 10 to 30 millimeters, having a circular-cylindrical glass wall closed by molybdenum protected aluminum ends connected in an electrical circuit to constitute an anode and a cathode. Leading from a patient's breathing tube is a conduit passing through a regulating valve and axially through the cathode, the conduit having an inside diameter of about 1.52 millimeters. The chamber is subjected to subatmospheric pressure through a duct of from about 3.2 to 6.4 millimeters inside diameter, passing through the anode to a vacuum pump. Arrayed equidistantly from the axis and around the chamber are several radiation detection devices, each connected to a display device. There are individual filters interposed between the chamber and at least some of the detecting devices.

PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING USING WRIST-MOUNTED DEVICE

A wrist-mounted device (50) for assisting a person to maintain a calorie balance goal comprises; a processor (10), a display (12), a barcode reader (20), input mechanisms for active (82) and resting states (00), a blood glucose sensor (20), and a communications network (250).

FLUID HANDLING APPARATUS

NON-INVASIVE MONITORING OF RESPIRATORY RATE, HEART RATE AND APNEA

A method and apparatus for estimating a respiratory rate of a patient. The method comprises the steps of recording respiratory sounds of the patient, deriving a plurality of respiratory rates from the recorded sounds using a plurality of respiratory rate estimating methods and applying a heuristic to the plurality of derived respiratory rates, the heuristic selecting one of the derived respiratory rates. The selected respiratory rate is the estimated respiratory rate. The apparatus comprises at least one sensor recording respiratory sounds of the patient, a plurality of respiratory rate processors, each of the processors comprising a respiratory rate calculating method, a heuristic means for selecting one of the calculated respiratory rates and a display means for displaying the selected respiratory as the estimated respiratory rate.

RESPIRATORY EXCHANGE RATIO SENSOR

A device for directly measuring a person's respiratory exchange ratio (RER) utilizes a Zn-air battery cell and a constant current load circuit as an O2 pump capable of drawing oxygen from expired air. A thermistor located in the flow path forms a leg of a bridge circuit whose output is proportional to oxygen concentration in the expired air and, therefore, to oxygen uptake. The thermistor flowmeter circuit utilizes the thermal conductivity differences between O2 and CO2 to provide a measure at the relative ratio of the two gases present.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PREDICTING WORK OF BREATHING

... ²²²A method of creating a non-invasive predictor of both physiologic and imposed ²patient effort from airway pressure and flow sensors attached to the patient ²using an adaptive mathematical model. The patient effort is commonly measured ²via work of breathing, power of breathing, or pressure-time product of ²esophageal pressure and is important for properly adjusting ventilatory ²support for spontaneously breathing patients. The method of calculating this ²non-invasive predictor is based on linear or non-linear calculations using ²multiple parameters derived from the above-mentioned sensors.² ...

NON-INVASIVE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PULMONARY VASCULAR OCCLUSIONS

METABOLIC ANALYZER

METABOLIC ANALYZER A metabolic rate analyzer is provided comprising a CO2 detector, an O2 detector, a flow resistance, a differential pressure transducer, a solenoid-actuated metering valve for producing a volumetrically-proportional sample of respired gas, a vacuum regulator for receiving the sample, a pump for drawing the sample from the vacuum regulator, and a processor for periodically sampling the differential pressure signal to provide a flow signal, to modulate power applied to the solenoid-actuated metering valve, and to provide a measure of the total volume of respired gas. The processor correlates the total volume of respired gas, O2 content and CO2 content to provide a measure of metabolic rate. Flow is recycled between the pump and the regulator valve to provide a source of mixed respired gas for analysis and digital integration of the flow signal provides a measure of the total volume of respired gas. A pulse generator driven by the microprocessor varies the frequency of pulses ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR METABOLIC MONITORING

BREATH SAMPLER

... 2045595 9009572 PCTABS00001 An apparatus (200) for sampling volumetric quantities of human exhaled breath has three conduits and may be provided in a Y- or T-shaped configuration. The free end of conduits (262) is adapted to connect with the mouth of the subject being tested. Another of the conduits (214) is adapted to pass air to the subject, this conduit being provided with a suitable filtering mechanism (230) such as a charcoal inhalation canister, and an inlet check valve (215). The third (218) of the three conduits supports an appropriate sampling canister (250) for receiving exhaled breath from the subject, and this conduit is also provided with a one way check valve (217).

PORTABLE CARBON DIOXIDE MONITOR

A CO2 monitor which has a reusable portion and a disposable portion is disclosed. The disposable portion includes an airway sensor for connecting between a ventilator output and an endotracheal tube. The airway sensor has ports on opposite sides. In one port a disposable infrared light source is inserted with wire contacts extending to the exterior of the airway sensor body. The reusable portion is a detector module which includes a detector and an amplifier. The detector module attaches to the airway sensor so that the detector is disposed in the second port and so that contacts in the detector module communicate with the wire contacts of the light source. The detector module may be removed from the airway sensor without removing the light source from the airway sensor.

METHOD FOR SPECTROMETRICALLY MEASURING ISOTOPIC GAS AND APPARATUS THEREOF

A correction curve is prepared by plotting 12CO2 concentrations and 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratios which are determined on the basis of a calibration curve and 13CO2 and 12CO2 absorbances of gaseous samples having the same 13O2/12CO2 concentration ratio but known different 12CO2 concentrations. A gaseous test sample containing 13CO2 and 12CO2 as component gases is introduced into a cell, and spectrometrically measured. A 12CO2 concentration of the gaseous test sample is determined by way of the spectrometric measurement. A concentration ratio correction value is obtained on the basis of the correction curve and the 12CO2 concentration of the gaseous test sample thus determined. A measured 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio is divide d by the concentration ratio correction value thus obtained for correction of the 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio. Thus, the measurement accuracy of the concentration ratios of the component gases can be improved.

MEASUREMENT METHODS AND SYSTEMS

In a method for measuring a dose of a drug inhaled by an animal, the momentary concentration of the drug in an aerosol supplied to the animal is determined as well as the momentary inhalation flow rate of the animal. An inhaled partial dose is calculated from each determined inhalation flow rate value and a corresponding concentration value. The calculated inhaled partial doses are added up to obtain the total dose inhaled by the animal. When a predetermined dose is to be administered to the animal, the inhaled partial doses are successively cumulated and compared with the predetermined dose. The aerosol generation is interrupted as soon as the predetermined dose is achieved. Systems for carrying the methods into effect are disclosed.

CONTROLLED GAS-SUPPLY SYSTEM

The invention relates to a gas-supply system for patients receiving artificial respiration or breathing spontaneously, in which one or several gases (for example NO, oxygen) are added to the respiration gas at varying proportions (continuously or intermittently) by means of a control device (program control, sensor control or combined program/sensor control). This gas-supply system allows for adaptive dosing of the gas to suit individual patients.

CONTROLLED GAS SUPPLY SYSTEM

The invention relates to a gas-supply system for patients receiving artificial respiration or breathing spontaneously, in which one or several gases (for example NO, oxygen) are added to the respiration gas at varying proportions (continuously or intermittently) by means of a control device (program control, sensor control or combined program/sensor control). This gas-supply system allows for adaptive dosing of the gas to suit individual patients.

Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Messen des Sauerstoffgehaltes in einem Gasstrom und Einrichtung zur Ausführung dieses Verfahrens

Anordnung zur Überwachung von Atembewegungen eines Patienten

VORRICHTUNG ZUM BESTIMMEN ZEITLICHER MITTELWERTE DES STROMES UND/ODER DER KONZENTRATION VON GASKOMPONENTEN IN EINEM MESSGAS.

Gerät für die elektrische Gasanalyse

Einrichtung zur Analyse eines fliessfähigen Mediums, insbesondere von Blut

Gerät zur Analyse des von einem Patienten ausgeatmeten Gasgemisches

Messeinrichtung für die Erfassung und Auswertung der Zusammensetzung der Atemluft

DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING BLOOD GAS SAMPLES FROM A BLOOD VESSEL TO A GAS ANALYZER.

METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING HELICOBACTER PYLORI

ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО И МЕТОД ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРОБНОГО ГАЗА ПРИ ПОМОЩИ ИНФРАКРАСНОЙ АБСОРБЦИОННОЙ СПЕКТРОСКОПИИ

Изобретение относится к измерительному устройству и методу исследования пробного газа при помощи инфракрасной абсорбционной спектроскопии. Измерительное устройство имеет измерительную камеру (2) с исследуемым пробным газом, лазер (1), который размещен относительно измерительной камеры (2) таким образом, что излучаемый лазером свет пронизывает измерительную камеру (2), детектирующее устройство (61), которое фиксирует излучаемый лазером (1) и пронизывающий измерительную камеру (2) свет, и блок обработки результатов (8), который анализирует сформированные детектирующим устройством (61) сигналы в отношении произошедшего в измерительной камере (2) поглощения света. Предусмотрено, что лазер (1) является лазером с узкополосным излучением, ширина спектральной линии которого меньше или равна ширине измеряемой линии инфракрасного спектра поглощения пробного газа, лазер (1) выполнен и настроен таким образом, чтобы частота лазера периодически изменялась в пределах определенной области спектра, причем ...

Method and device for the automatic evaluation and analysis of a capnogram and computer program for implementing the method as well as computer program product with such a computer program

A method implemented, e.g., as software and a device operating according to the method for the automatic evaluation and analysis of a capnogram are provided. Measured values for an expired volume—volume measured values—and measured values for a carbon dioxide concentration—concentration measured values—are recorded for the breathing gas of a test subject. An automatic approximation of at least one part of the curve of the concentration measured values over the volume measured values is performed, by using three mutually adjacent straight lines for the approximation. The area is determined using the third straight line according to Fowler for the determination of the serial dead space Vds.

Parameter-sensing endotracheal tube

A sensor-equipped endotracheal tube has a flexible body surrounding an airway lumen and includes sensors for monitoring physiological parameters such as CO 2 /O 2 concentration in respiratory gases, and patient body temperature. These sensors provide electrical output for parameter display on suitable ventilators and monitors. In another specific embodiment, the endotracheal tube includes a sensor for measuring pressure exerted between an inflation cuff and a patient's tracheal tissues for preventing injury from over/under cuff inflation. Other specific embodiments of the sensor equipped endotracheal tube include combining sensors with a heating member for warming inhaled respiratory gases, and with ultrasound reflecting elements that make the tube visible within the body using ultrasound.

Portable device for breathing detection

A device for detecting breathing of a subject, includes a colorimetric CO2 detector. A method for determining whether a subject is breathing and a method for verifying proper placement of an endotracheal tube when using a resuscitation bag are also described.

System for continuous measuring, recording and monitoring of the splanchnic tissue perfusion and the pulmonary physiological dead space, and use thereof

The present invention relates to a new system for measuring, recording and monitoring the splanchnic tissue perfusion and the pulmonary physiological dead space in an automated way, both continuously and intermittently, and in real time, which is easy to manage and generates information easy to interpret. Said system comprises at least four measuring devices of medical parameters, connected to a device receiving, converting, storing, integrating, processing, and allowing the management and display of the data recorded in the measurements and the parameters estimated by the same. For this purpose, said device comprises a specific computer program of estimation of parameters related to the measurement of the splanchnic tissue perfusion and the pulmonary physiological dead space, from the data derived from the measuring devices. Likewise, the present invention is related to the use of a device for measuring, recording and monitoring of the splanchnic tissue perfusion and the pulmonary physiological dead space.

Methods & systems to determine multi-parameter managed alarm hierarchy during patient monitoring

The present specification discloses systems and methods of patient monitoring in which multiple sensors are used to detect physiological parameters and the data from those sensors are correlated to determine if an alarm should, or should not, be issued, thereby resulting in more precise alarms and fewer false alarms. Electrocardiogram readings can be combined with invasive blood pressure, non-invasive blood pressure, and/or pulse oximetry measurements to provide a more accurate picture of pulse activity and patient respiration. In addition, the monitoring system can also use an accelerometer or heart valve auscultation to further improve accuracy.

Interchangeable inserts

In a mask for patient ventilation, a frame portion is included for surrounding a respiratory opening of a patient. A retention strap is coupled with the frame portion for maintaining positive pressure between the frame portion and the respiratory opening of the patient. A removable insert is configured to physically attach and detach from the frame portion without requiring removal of the frame or the retention strap from the patient.

Respiratory muscle endurance training device and method for the use thereof

A respiratory muscle endurance training device (RMET) includes a chamber and a patient interface. In one implementation, one or both of a CO 2 sensor or a temperature sensor can be coupled to the chamber or patient interface to provide the user or caregiver with indicia about the CO 2 level in, or the temperature of, the chamber or patient interface, and/or the duration of use of the device. In another implementation, the RMET may have a fixed volume portion adjustable to contain a measured portion of a specific patient's inspiratory volume capacity. Methods of using the device are also provided.

System and method for spo2 instability detection and quantification

The disclosed embodiments relate to a system and method for analyzing data. An exemplary method comprises the acts of receiving data corresponding to at least one time series, and computing a plurality of sequential instability index values of the data. An exemplary system comprises a source of data indicative of at least one time series of data, and a processor that is adapted to compute at least one of a plurality of sequential instability index values of the data.

Nitric oxide measurement method and apparatus

There is provided a method of determining at least one parameter value relating to nitric oxide, NO, production in the lower respiratory tract of a subject, the method comprising obtaining a plurality of measurements of NO levels in exhaled air and air flow rate during multiple exhalations of a subject performing tidal breathing; analyzing the plurality of measurements to identify exhalations where the NO produced in the lower respiratory tract dominates the NO contribution from other sources; determining at least one parameter value relating to NO in the lower respiratory tract of the subject from the measurements of NO levels and/or air flow rate obtained during the identified exhalations.

Methods and systems for monitoring volumetric carbon dioxide

This disclosure describes novel systems and methods for monitoring volumetric CO 2 during ventilation of a patient being ventilated by a medical ventilator. The disclosure describes more accurate, more cost effective, and/or less burdensome non-invasive methods and systems for calculating volumetric CO 2 than previously utilized methods and systems. The disclosure describes estimating a flow rate in a breathing circuit to calculate a volumetric CO 2 . Further, the disclosure describes synchronizing the estimated flow rate with a measured CO 2 to calculate a volumetric CO 2 . Additionally, the disclosure describes synchronizing a measured flow rate from within the breathing circuit with a measured CO 2 to calculate a volumetric CO 2 .

END-TIDAL CO2 MONITORING TUBE HOLDER

Devices for attaching medical tubing to a nasal cannula are provided. Such devices may comprise a body having a distal end and a proximal end, a connector disposed on the body and adapted to releasably attach the body to the nasal cannula, and one of the following: at least one tube holding member extending along at least one surface of the body and adapted to accept the medical tubing, or at least one body channel extending through the body and having an outlet at the distal end of the body, and a tube connector attached to the proximal end of the body and adapted to fluidly connect the medical tubing the at least one channel. 1. A device for attaching medical tubing to a nasal cannula , the device comprising:a body having a distal end and a proximal end;a connector disposed on the body and adapted to releasably attach the body to the nasal cannula;at least one body channel extending through the body and having an outlet at the distal end of the body; anda tube connector attached to the proximal end of the body and adapted to fluidly connect the medical tubing to the at least one channel.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the body is bifurcated at the distal end into a first prong and a second prong spaced apart from the first prong claim 1 , and wherein the first prong comprises at least one first channel extending through the first prong and fluidly connected to the body channel claim 1 , and the second prong comprises a second channel extending through the second prong and fluidly connected to the body channel.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein distal ends of the first prong and the second prong positioned in or near alternate nostrils of a patient.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the connector comprises an elongated member and a pivot that acts to engage the elongated member with the body.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the connector comprises a strap.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the connector comprises an elastically biased clip claim 1 , a nasal ...

Non-invasive cardiac output determination

A method of controlling a gas delivery apparatus including an apparatus controllable variable using an iterative algorithm to deliver a test gas (TG) for non-invasively determining a subject's pulmonary blood flow comprising iteratively generating and evaluating test values of a iterated variable based on an iterative algorithm in order output a test value of the iterated variable that meets a test criterion wherein iterative algorithm is characterized in that it defines a test mathematical relationship between the at least one apparatus controllable variable, the iterated variable and an end tidal concentration of test gas attained by setting the apparatus controllable variable, such that the iterative algorithm is determinative of whether iteration on the test value satisfies a test criterion or iteratively generates a progressively refined test value.

DRYING SUBSTANCES, PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF

There is provided herein a dryer polymer substance including a hetero-phase polymer composition including two or more polymers wherein at least one of the two or more polymers include sulfonic groups, wherein the substance is adapted to pervaporate a fluid. The fluid may include water, water vapor or both. There is also provided herein a process for the preparation of a dryer polymer substance adapted to pervaporate a fluid (such as water, water vapor or both) the process includes mixing two or more polymers, wherein at least one of the two or more polymers may include groups which are adapted to be sulfonated, to produce a hetero-phase polymer composition and processing the polymer blend into a desired form. 1. A breath sampling system comprising:a dryer polymer tube comprising a hetero-phase polymer composition comprising two or more polymers wherein at least one of said two or more polymers comprises sulfonated groups, wherein the tube is adapted to pervaporate water, water vapor or both; and at least one of:a connector adapted to connect said dryer polymer tube to a breath sampling tube; anda reinforcement element.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the connector claim 1 , the reinforcement element claim 1 , or both are molded with the dryer polymer tube.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the tube further comprises a compatibilizing agent.4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein said hetero-phase polymer composition has an essentially co-continuous phase structure.5. The system according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the two or more polymers comprises a polyolefin claim 1 , a fluoro-polymer or a combination thereof.6. The system according to claim 7 , wherein said fluoro-polymer comprises poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) or any derivative thereof.7. The system according to claim 1 , wherein said polymer comprising sulfonic groups comprises sulfonated polystyrene claim 1 , sulfonated styrene copolymer or any mixture or derivative ...

SUBJECT INTERFACE APPLIANCE AND METHOD FOR DELIVERING A BREATHABLE SUBSTANCE TO A SUBJECT WHILE OBTAINING GAS SAMPLES FROM THE AIRWAY OF THE SUBJECT

A subject interface appliance () configured to deliver a breathable substance to a subject. The subject interface appliance includes a primary interface () configured to deliver a breathable substance to the subject, and a secondary interface () configured to obtain gas samples from the airway of the subject. The secondary interface is resiliently held at a default position with respect to the primary interface. The default position is located such that installation of the primary and secondary interfaces on the subject results in the application of a bias force to the secondary interface that holds the secondary interface in place. 1. A subject interface appliance configured to deliver a breathable substance to the airway of a subject , the subject interface appliance comprising:a primary interface including a mask barrier that encloses one or more external orifices of the airway of a subject including a first external orifice, wherein the mask barrier is shaped to form a delivery opening through which a breathable substance can be communicated to the one or more external orifices of the subject that are enclosed by the mask barrier; a hollow prong having a first end and a second end, the hollow prong being configured to be inserted into the first external orifice of the airway of the subject such that the first end of the hollow prong is positioned inside of the first external orifice and the second end of the hollow prong is positioned outside of the first external orifice, and a main conduit connected to the hollow prong at or near the second end to receive gas that has entered the first end of the hollow prong within the airway of the subject, the main conduit being configured to guide the received gas toward a sensor configured to generate an output signal conveying information related to one or more parameters of the sampled gas received into the secondary interface through the hollow prong; and', 'a resilient member extending from the primary interface to ...

RESPIRATORY MASK ASSEMBLY

A respiratory mask assembly is provided. The assembly includes at least one post having a nasal engaging portion on about a first end thereof for delivering treatment gases to the nasal cavity of a patient. A mask having an inlet for receiving treatment gases from a fluid source and at least one receptacle for being sealably engaged with a respective one of the at least one post for delivering treatment gases from the inlet through the receptacle and into the nasal cavity of the patient is provided. The mask is configured for selective sealable engagement with the patient's mouth, patient's nose, or both the patient's mouth and the patient's nose. 1. A respiratory mask assembly comprising:a nasal engaging device having at least one post with a nasal engaging portion on about a first end thereof for delivering treatment gases to the nasal cavity of a patient, the nasal engaging portion comprising a flange portion configured for engaging with a sheet having an adhesive applied thereon for being adhered and providing sealable engagement with the nostrils of the patient; anda mask having an inlet for receiving treatment gases from a fluid source and at least one receptacle for being sealably engaged with a respective one of the at least one post for delivering treatment gases from the inlet through the receptacle and into the nasal cavity of the patient, the mask being further configured for sealable engagement about the patient's mouth.2. The mask assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one post comprises a circumferentially extending portion on a second end thereof that is configured for selective engagement with the at least one receptacle.3. The mask assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one post comprises a connector on a second end thereof for connecting with the at least one receptacle.4. The mask assembly of claim 1 , wherein the inlet comprises a swivel joint for allowing swiveling movement of the inlet about the mask.5. The mask assembly of claim 1 , ...

METABOLIC ANALYZER

A method for weight and/or fitness management using a metabolic analyzer that measures metabolic data including oxygen and carbon dioxide. The metabolic analyzer includes integrated collection-detection sensors with for high efficiency and collection, high specificity and simultaneous detection of at least two metabolic signatures, including at least oxygen and carbon dioxide, in breath via a porous membrane with high density of sensing binding sites, where the porous membrane includes sensing materials such that the sensing binding sites are specific to the metabolic signatures, and change colors upon interactions with the metabolic signatures. Weight of the subject is measured using a weight measurement device and a recommendation for food intake and/or physical activity is based on at least the readings of the metabolic analyzer and weight of the subject. 1. A method for weight and/or fitness management comprising: 'a plurality of integrated collection-detection sensors with for high efficiency and collection, high specificity and simultaneous detection of at least two metabolic signatures, including at least oxygen and carbon dioxide, in breath via a solid support or pourous membrane with high density of sensing binding sites, wherein the solid support includes sensing materials such that the sensing binding sites are specific to the metabolic signatures, and change colors upon interactions with the metabolic signatures;', 'using a metabolic analyzer that measures metabolic data including oxygen and carbon dioxide, the metabolic analyzer including'}measuring weight of the subject using a weight measurement device; andrecommending food intake and/or physical activity based on at least the readings of the metabolic analyzer and weight of the subject.2. The method of wherein measuring metabolic data includes measuring initial resting energy expenditure (REE) claim 1 , total energy expenditures (TEE) and respiratory quotient (RQ).3. The method of including operating ...

COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF A VOLUME OF EXHALED GAS WITH COMPENSATION FOR THE FREQUENCY OF A BREATHING PARAMETER

Apparatuses are described to accurately determine a gas concentration of a sample of a patient's breath. The apparatuses may include a sample compartment, a breath speed analyzer, a gas analyzer, and a processor. The sample compartment includes an inlet that receives the breath. The breath speed analyzer determines the speed of a portion of the breath. The gas analyzer determines a gas concentration. The processor includes an algorithm that determines a degree of non-homogeneity of the sample based on the speed, and a corrected gas concentration based on the degree of non-homogeneity. In some variations, the gas correction is determined independently of patient cooperation. Apparatuses may be tuned based on the intended population's expected breathing pattern ranges such that the sample compartment is filled with a homogenous end-tidal gas sample regardless of an individual's breathing pattern. These apparatuses are useful, for example, for end-tidal CO analysis. Methods are also described. 1. A gas measurement correction database for determining a gas concentration at an inlet of an apparatus , the database stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium , the database populated by a method comprising:measuring a plurality of gas concentrations in the apparatus for a respective plurality of known gas concentrations at the inlet, wherein the gas concentrations are measured at a plurality of breath rates;deriving a first plurality of polynomial equations, wherein each of the first plurality of polynomial equations fits the measured gas concentrations of a respective one of the plurality of breath rates, and wherein each of the first plurality of polynomial equations comprises a coefficient at each order of the equation;deriving a second plurality of polynomial equations, wherein each of the second plurality of polynomial equations fits the coefficients of a respective order of the first plurality of polynomial equations, and wherein each of the second plurality ...

RESPIRATION MONITORING DEVICE

A respiration monitoring device configured to provide quantitative data output of respiration cycles of a human or animal. The device may be configured to output a respiration rate and/or a respiration waveform expressed as temperature verses time. The device comprises a temperature modifier to heat or cool a flow of exhaled air. This heated or cooled air then flows past a temperature sensor to determine a temperature change associated with each exhaled air cycle. 1. A respiration monitoring device comprising:an airflow inlet port to allow a flow of exhaled air from a human or an animal into the device;a temperature modifier to receive the flow of the exhaled air via the airflow inlet port and to heat the exhaled air;an electronic temperature sensor to detect a change in temperature of the exhaled air within the device; andan airflow tunnel configured to direct the flow of the exhaled air from the airflow inlet port to the temperature sensor, the temperature modifier positioned at and external to the tunnel so as to heat the exhaled air as the exhaled air flows through the tunnel;wherein the temperature sensor is positioned external to an open airflow exit end of the tunnel in an airflow path exiting the tunnel downstream of the temperature modifier to receive the heated flow of the exhaled air from the tunnel.2. The device as claimed in wherein the electronic temperature sensor comprises a thermistor.3. The device as claimed in wherein the thermistor is an NTC or PTC thermistor.4. The device as claimed in wherein the temperature modifier comprises a PTC heater.5. The device as claimed in further comprising a funnel extending from the airflow inlet port to direct the flow of the exhaled air into the airflow inlet port.6. The device as claimed in further comprising means to releasably attach the funnel to the device.7. The device as claimed in further comprising an airflow outlet port to allow the flow of the exhaled air to exit the device once the flow of the ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING A FERTILE PHASE OF A WOMAN BY ASCERTAINING A CO2 PARTIAL PRESSURE IN A RESPIRATORY GAS OF THE WOMAN

The invention relates to a device () for determining a fertile phase of a woman by ascertaining a COpartial pressure in a respiratory gas of the woman in several consecutive breaths, comprising an inlet for receiving the respiratory gas, and an outlet, a sample chamber (), into which the respiratory gas can be conducted, a measuring module () with a measuring element () with which a COconcentration in the respiratory gas in the sample chamber () can be measured, optionally a pressure sensor () for measuring an air pressure, a processor () for processing measured data obtained by means of the measuring module () and the pressure sensor (), and at least one output unit () for outputting a result of the measured data. So that the method can be carried out by a woman herself quickly and nevertheless with high precision, it is provided according to the invention that the device () is embodied as a hand-held device and an algorithm is stored in the processor (), with which with a measurement based on several immediately consecutive breaths a predetermined reproducibility criterion regarding an end expiratory COpartial pressure of the respiratory gas can be tested, wherein, if the reproducibility criterion is met, the at least one output unit () outputs and/or signals and/or displays whether a fertile phase applies. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for determining a fertile phase of a woman by ascertaining an end expiratory COpartial pressure in a respiratory gas and comparison of the measured data thus obtained with measured data in the follicle phase outside the fertile phase. 1. A device for determining a fertile phase of a woman by ascertaining a COpartial pressure in a respiratory gas of the woman in several consecutive breaths , comprising an inlet for receiving the respiratory gas , and an outlet , a sample chamber , into which the respiratory gas can be conducted , a measuring module with a measuring element with which a COconcentration in the ...

Disposable hand-held device for collection of exhaled breath condensate

A breath condensate collection apparatus comprising a central chamber, a breath input assembly, a plunger assembly and a breath condensate collection port. The central chamber has inner and outer side walls with a coolant material sealed in between. The breath input assembly is disposed on the side of the central chamber in fluid communication with the chamber interior. The plunger assembly has a piston, slidably disposed in the chamber, and a handle extending from a first end of the chamber. The collection port is disposed at the second end of the central chamber in fluid communication with the interior of the chamber. Obstructive structures may be arranged in the chamber interior for increasing the surface area on which condensate may form. The apparatus may also include an outlet assembly that may be removed and replaced with a sampling well into which the condensate may be washed with a buffer solution.

DIVIDED CANNULA WITH EACH NARE COMMUNICATING WITH EACH FLOW PATH

A divided cannula comprising a cannula body which is divided by a partitioning wall into first and second flow chambers. The first flow chamber has first and second spaced apart nare passages while the second flow chamber has first and second spaced apart nare passages. The cannula body supports spaced apart first and second nares and each of the first and the second nares defines a common nare passage. The first nare passage of the first internal flow chamber and the first nare passage of the second internal flow chamber both communicate with the common nare passage of the first nare and the second nare passage of the first internal flow chamber and the second nare passage of the second internal flow chamber both communicate with the common nare passage of the second nare. A pressure sensing line and a gas supply line interconnected to the divided cannula with a gas supply system.

INTEGRATED ANALYSIS DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY DETECTING EBCS AND VOCS IN HUMAN EXHALED BREATH

The present invention discloses an integrated analysis device for simultaneously detecting exhaled breath condensates (EBCs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human exhaled breath. The device comprises a module for sampling, separating and enriching a detected object, an EBCs detection module and a combined VOCs detection module. The module for sampling, separating and enriching a detected object is connected with the EBCs detection module via a syringe pump for sample injection. The module for sampling, separating and enriching a detected object is connected with the combined VOCs detection module by a capillary separation column. In the present invention, it is achieved that EBCs and VOCs in human exhaled breath are simultaneously sampled, separated and condensed; the heavy metal ions, cell factors, etc. in the collected EBCs are detected with a light addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS); the condensed VOCs can be quantitatively detected by the combined VOCs detection module with a high sensitivity; and a heating rod and a platinum resistor can be conveniently replaced because a separated outlet heating piece is designed in the combined VOCs detection module. 1575859606162636465676869575859656463606161606768696968667062606268. An integrated analysis device for simultaneously detecting EBCs and VOCs in human exhaled breath , characterized in that it comprises a module for sampling , separating and enriching a detected object , an EBCs detection module and a combined VOCs detection module; the module for sampling , separating and enriching a detected object is connected with the EBCs detection module via a syringe pump for sample injection , and the module for sampling , separating and enriching a detected object is connected with the combined VOCs detection module via a capillary separation column; wherein the EBCs detection module comprises an EBC inlet () , an inlet for washing liquid () , a first three-way valve () , a composite LAPS sensor for heavy ...

Physiological Parameter Measuring Platform Device Supporting Multiple Workflows

A device obtains a series of measurements of a physiological parameter of one or more patients. The device displays a monitoring workflow home screen when the device is operating within a monitoring workflow. The device displays a non-monitoring workflow home screen when the device is operating within a non-monitoring workflow. The device displays a continuous workflow home screen when the device is operating within a continuous workflow. The monitoring workflow home screen, the non-monitoring workflow home screen, and the continuous workflow home screen are each different.

Method and apparatus to attain and maintain target end tidal gas concentrations

In a first aspect, the invention relates to an apparatus for inducing or maintaining a target end tidal concentration of a gas in a subject comprising a breathing circuit, a source of gas flow into the circuit, means for controlling the rate of the source of gas flow into the circuit and means for controlling the concentration of gases in the source gas flow independently from each other. In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of preparing an apparatus for inducing or maintaining a target end tidal concentration of a gas X in a subject comprising selecting a rate of a source gas flow into a breathing circuit, selecting the concentration of at least one constituent gas of a component gas making up the source gas to a level corresponding to the end tidal concentration of the gas X, whereby the apparatus is adapted to administer a source gas having a first gas composition.

METHODS AND DEVICES FOR MONITORING CARBON DIOXIDE

Various embodiments provide a medical device for monitoring an exhaled breath from a patient. Some embodiments include a tubular portion and a distal member comprising an at least partially shielded sampling hole. 1. A tip for sampling exhaled breath from a patient , the tip comprising:a tubular portion comprising an exterior surface, an interior surface and a lumen formed by the interior surface to fluidly communicate the exhaled breath; anda distal member coupled to the tubular portion such that at least a portion of the distal member is located distally relative to at least a portion of the tubular member, the distal member comprising a distal end and a proximal end, wherein the distal end faces a distal direction and the proximal end faces a proximal direction, the proximal end comprising at least one hole in fluid communication with the lumen.2. The tip according to claim 1 , wherein the distal end comprises a hole in fluid communication with the lumen.3. The tip according to claim 1 , wherein the tip comprises at least one strut that couples the tubular portion to the distal member.4. The tip according to claim 1 , wherein the tip comprises at least two struts that couple the tubular portion to the distal member claim 1 , wherein the struts extend radially outward from the tubular portion towards the distal member and the struts are configured to provide structural support to the distal member.5. The tip according to claim 4 , wherein the tip comprises a passage located between the struts and the passage is in fluid communication with the lumen of the tubular portion and the hole of the proximal end of the distal member such that the tip is configured to enable the exhaled breath from the patient to enter the hole claim 4 , then move through the passage claim 4 , and then move through the lumen.6. The tip according to claim 5 , wherein the lumen comprises a central axis and the passage is oriented at an angle of at least eight degrees relative to the central ...

SENSOR DEVICE AND MOUTHPIECE

The present invention relates to gas sensing devices and to mouthpieces therefor. More particularly it relates to gas sensor devices for detecting gases in exhaled air, and to improved mouthpieces and mouthpiece interfaces for use with such devices. The invention also provides methods for using such devices and kits. 1. An interface for the attachment of a mouthpiece to a gas sensor device , the interface comprising a first mouthpiece engaging means for engaging a first type of mouthpiece , and a second mouthpiece engaging means for engaging a second type of mouthpiece , the interface comprising an inlet positioned such that in use it is in fluid communication with the lumen of a mouthpiece mounted on either the first or the second mouthpiece engaging means.2. The interface of claim 1 , wherein the first mouthpiece engaging means is adapted to engage a larger mouthpiece than the second mouthpiece engaging means.3. The interface of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second mouthpiece engaging means comprises a flange adapted to engage with the mouthpiece.4. The interface of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second mouthpiece engaging means comprises a recess adapted to engage with the mouthpiece.5. The interface of claim 3 , wherein the first and second mouthpiece engaging means each comprises a flange.6. The interface of claim 1 , wherein the first and second mouthpiece engaging means are defined by a flange claim 1 , the outside of the flange defining the first mouthpiece engaging means and the inside of the flange defining the second mouthpiece engaging means.7. The interface of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second mouthpiece engaging means defines a circle or ellipse.8. The interface of claim 7 , wherein both the first and second mouthpiece engaging means define a circle or ellipse.9. The interface of claim 8 , wherein the first mouthpiece engaging means defines an ellipse and the second mouthpiece engaging means defines a circle.10. The interface of claim ...

TRACHEAL TUBE SENSOR DISPOSED ON PERMEABLE MEMBRANE

Various embodiments of an tracheal tube having a sensor coupled to a selectively permeable membrane are provided. In some embodiments, the membrane may be permeable to one or more blood gases and/or blood analytes. Certain embodiments of the endotracheal tube may be capable of deploying the sensor during intubation to sense one or more indicators of blood flow characteristics, such as a level of blood gases and/or blood analytes, in the respiratory tract. Embodiments of the present invention may include positioning of the sensor in a variety of suitable positions with respect to the permeable membrane, such as mounting the sensor to the underside of an inflatable permeable membrane. 120.-. (canceled)21. A tracheal tube system , comprising:a tubular body having a recess disposed therein and an open distal end for ventilating a patient;a cuff disposed around the tubular body above the open distal end and configured to be inflated to seal the cuff against a wall of a trachea;a sensor coupled to a membrane that is selectively permeable to an analyte or a gas, wherein the sensor is configured to measure a concentration of the analyte or the gas in the trachea, and wherein the recess receives the sensor during intubation and extubation; anda monitor coupled to the sensor and configured to receive a signal from the sensor and provide an output related to the concentration of the analyte or the gas in the trachea.22. The tracheal tube system of claim 21 , wherein the monitor comprises a display configured to display the output.23. The tracheal tube system of claim 22 , comprising an interface circuit coupled to the sensor and the monitor claim 22 , wherein the interface circuit is configured to process the signal from the sensor.24. The tracheal tube system of claim 21 , wherein the sensor comprises a carbon dioxide sensor.25. The tracheal tube system of claim 21 , wherein the sensor comprises an oxygen sensor.26. The tracheal tube system of claim 21 , wherein the sensor ...

Inline Water Trap

An inline water trap including a filter component and a panel connector configured to interface with a patient gas monitor. In one embodiment the inline water trap indicates to the patient gas monitor that it is in place and that the patient gas monitor may begin intaking and analyzing the filtered patient sample. The inline water trap receives a patient sample and filters water and contaminants from the sample before allowing the remaining gas portion of the sample to pass through to the patient gas monitor, thereby protecting the patient gas monitor from damage. One embodiment of the inline water trap additionally contains an RFID tag to indicate to the patient gas monitor that the correct type of inline water trap is engaged. 1. An inline water trap , including a panel connector of a respiratory gas monitor , the inline water trap comprising:a filter component defining a bore, the filter component including a filter body including a filter inlet and a filter outlet in fluid communication through the bore, the filter component further including a panel connector engagement portion; anda filter element disposed within the bore, the filter element configured to allow gas to pass through the bore while preventing at least one of water and contaminants from passing through the bore;the panel connector defining a filter component engagement portion configured to selectively engage the panel connector engagement portion of the filter component for securing the filter component to the panel connector; anda sensing arrangement comprising first and second cooperative elements providing operative communication between the filter component and the respiratory gas monitor to enable gas monitoring and detecting components of the respiratory gas monitor to operate-when the filter component is engaged with the panel connector.2. The inline water trap of claim 1 , wherein the sensing arrangement comprises mechanical communication between the filter component and the panel ...

AIRWAY ADAPTOR, BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION ACQUIRING SYSTEM, AND OXYGEN MASK

An airway adaptor includes: a gas passage into which a respiratory gas of a subject is to flow; a respiratory gas introducing portion which is configured to guide the respiratory gas expired from at least one of nostrils and a mouth of the subject, to the gas passage; and an airway case on which a temperature sensor that is configured to detect a temperature change of the respiratory gas flowing into the gas passage is mountable. 1. An airway adaptor comprising:a gas passage into which a respiratory gas of a subject is to flow;a respiratory gas introducing portion which is configured to guide the respiratory gas expired from at least one of nostrils and a mouth of the subject, to the gas passage; andan airway case on which a temperature sensor that is configured to detect a temperature change of the respiratory gas flowing into the gas passage is mountable.2. The airway adaptor according to claim 1 , wherein a nasal cannula which is configured to guide the respiratory gas expired from the nostrils of the subject, to the gas passage; and', 'a mouth guide which is configured to guide the respiratory gas expired from the mouth of the subject, to the gas passage., 'the respiratory gas introducing portion includes3. The airway adaptor according to claim 1 , whereinthe temperature sensor includes a heat sensitive portion which is configured to sense a temperature, and,when the temperature sensor is mounted on the airway case, the heat sensitive portion is disposed in at least one of the gas passage and the respiratory gas introducing portion.4. The airway adaptor according to claim 1 , whereinthe respiratory gas introducing portion includes a branch gas passage which is connectable to a pressure sensor portion for measuring a pressure generated by the respiratory gas.5. The airway adaptor according to claim 4 , whereinthe respiratory gas introducing portion is a nasal cannula which is configured to guide the respiratory gas expired from the nostrils of the subject, to the ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DIAGNOSTIC GAS ANALYSIS

A handheld, small but accurate and reliable device for diagnostic NO measurements using a NO sensor, where the parameters governing the taking of the sample are different from the parameters optimal for the accuracy of said NO sensor. By temporarily storing a portion of the exhaled air, and feeding this to the sensor at a flow rate adapted to the NO sensor, the accuracy and sensitivity of a system/method involving NO sensors, in particular electrochemical NO sensors, can be increased. The method for diagnostic NO measurements comprises steps for controlling the inhalation of NO free air, as well as the exhalation, both by built-in means and by audible and/or visual feedback to the patient. 1. A method for handling a sample of exhaled air in a device for diagnostic NO measurements , the device including a NO sensor , comprising:collecting a sample of exhaled air during an exhalation performed by a person at a controlled flow rate and pressure;feeding the collected sample to the NO sensor at a flow rate suitable for said sensor, the feeding performed for a duration longer than the duration of said exhalation; anddetermining an NO concentration in said sample.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein NO-free air is fed to the person prior to the exhalation into the device.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein NO-free air is fed to the person through an NO-scrubber included in the device claim 1 , prior to exhalation into the device.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein audible or visual feedback is given to the person during an inhalation preceding the exhalation and during the exhalation claim 1 , in order to support valid NO concentration determination.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the exhalation flow rate is controlled to a value of about 20 to 800 ml/s.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said NO sensor is an electrochemical sensor.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sample is fed to the sensor at a flow rate ...

SULFIDE GAS CONCENTRATION MEASURING DEVICE AND SULFIDE GAS CONCENTRATION MEASURING METHOD

A sulfide gas concentration measuring device comprises: an exhaled breath collection tool to be put to a subject to introduce exhaled breath of the subject into the exhaled breath collection tool; a pressure regulator comprising an inlet port connected to the exhaled breath collection tool; a sulfide gas sensor connected to an outlet port of the pressure regulator to measure a concentration of sulfide gas in the exhaled breath discharged from the outlet port; and a pressure measuring device. The pressure measuring device is configured to measure a pressure in the inlet port of the pressure regulator to make the subject aware of the measured pressure. 1. A sulfide gas concentration measuring device , comprising:an exhaled breath collection tool to be put to a subject to introduce exhaled breath of the subject thereinto;a pressure regulator comprising an inlet port receiving the exhaled breath from the exhaled breath collection tool;a sulfide gas sensor connected to an outlet port of the pressure regulator to measure a concentration of sulfide gas in the exhaled breath discharged from the outlet port; anda pressure measuring device configured to measure a pressure in the inlet port of the pressure regulator to make the subject aware of the measured pressure.2. The sulfide gas concentration measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure measuring device comprises a display unit claim 1 , and a display element visually indicating the measured pressure; and', 'a marking visually indicating a target pressure or a target pressure range., 'wherein the display unit comprises3. The sulfide gas concentration measuring device according to claim 1 , further comprising:an external outlet port open to an atmosphere;a pump; anda switch valve configured to connect an outlet port of the sulfide gas sensor to a selected one of the external outlet port and the pump, the exhaled breath being discharged from the outlet port of the sulfide gas sensor.4. The sulfide gas ...

INFORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE, CALORIE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, CALORIC BALANCE ESTIMATION METHOD, AND PROGRAM

A calculation device is provided with: an acquisition unit that acquires an acetone concentration in a gas constituent discharged from a user and measured; an estimation unit that estimates a calorie balance corresponding to the acetone concentration acquired by the acquisition unit based on a predetermined correlative relationship between acetone concentrations and calorie balance; and a processing execution unit that executes predetermined processing using an estimation result of the estimation unit. 1. An information processing device , comprising:an acquisition unit that acquires a concentration of acetone contained in a gas discharged from a user,an estimation unit that estimates a calorie balance corresponding to the acquired acetone concentration based on a predetermined correlative relationship between acetone concentrations and calorie balance, anda processing execution unit that executes predetermined processing using an estimation result of the estimation unit.2. The information processing device according to claim 1 ,wherein the estimation unit estimates at least one of a value, a range, and a positive/negative of a calorie balance for a period from a time point at which the acetone concentration was measured until a predetermined prior time.3. The information processing device according to claim 1 ,wherein the estimation unit converts a value of the acetone concentration to a value of an acetone concentration of a predetermined time point earlier than the time point at which the value was measured, and estimates at least one of a value, a range, and a positive/negative of a one-day portion calorie balance having the predetermined time point as a closing point.4. The information processing device according to any of to claim 1 , comprising:a computation unit that, based on acetone concentrations and calorie balance actually measured across a predetermined period in regard to the user, computes the correlative relationship corresponding to that user, ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECORDING RESPIRATORY RATE

Disclosed is an apparatus for recording respiratory rate of a subject. The apparatus comprises a first component to be arranged on the subject and away from nostrils of the subject, the first component comprises a battery, optionally electronics for the sensor, and electronics for transmitting respiration rate data; and a second component for being arranged in an area of the nose of the subject, the second component comprising at least one sensor for recording respiratory rate. Disclosed is also a method for recording respiratory rate of a subject with such an apparatus. The method comprises arranging the second component in an area of the nose of the subject; arranging the first component on the subject and no further than 30 centimeters from the second component; recording respiratory rate data with the second component, and sending the respiratory rate data to the first component; and sending the respiratory rate data from the first component to a monitor or a hub. 1. An apparatus for recording respiratory rate of a subject , comprisinga first component configured to be arranged on the subject and away from nostrils of the subject, the first component comprises a battery, and electronics for transmitting respiration rate data; anda second component configured to be arranged in an area of the nose of the subject, the second component comprising at least one sensor for recording respiratory rate.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first component is configured to be arranged 30 centimeters or less from the second component.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the second component and the first component are connected to each other wirelessly or by a wire.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first or second component claim 1 , or both the first and second components claim 1 , comprise an arrangement for opening up one or more nostrils of the nose.5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , whereinthe first component further ...

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Using Networked Devices

A a system includes a first computing device and a chest compression device. The chest compression device is configured to communicate with the first computing device. The chest compression device can include a defibrillator. The first computing device is configured to obtain information regarding a patient being treated for cardiopulmonary arrest and to send commands to the chest compression device. The commands include a defibrillator activation command to activate the defibrillator.

CAPNOGRAPHY TUBE FITTING

A capnography fitting is provided. The capnography fitting comprises a tube having a proximal end inlet and a distal end outlet. The tube has an angled port in fluid communication with and disposed adjacent to the distal end outlet. Methods and kits are also provided. 1. A capnography fitting comprising a tube having a proximal end inlet and a distal end outlet , the tube having an angled port in fluid communication with and disposed adjacent to the proximal end inlet or the distal end outlet.2. The fitting of claim 1 , wherein the angled port has a diameter smaller than a diameter of the proximal end inlet and the distal end outlet of the tube.3. The fitting of claim 1 , wherein the angled port is disposed at an acute angle relative to a surface of the proximal end inlet of the tube.4. The fitting of claim 5 , wherein the angled port has an inner surface and the tube has an inner surface configured to receive a sampling tube.5. The fitting of claim 4 , wherein the sampling tube is flexible and extends out from the distal end outlet of the tube.6. The fitting of claim 4 , wherein the inner surface of the angled port has threading disposed thereon.7. The fitting of claim 1 , wherein the proximal end inlet of the tube is configured to receive an inhalation gas.8. The fitting of claim 7 , wherein the proximal end inlet is configured to engage a first end of a mixed gas fitting.9. The fitting of claim 8 , wherein a second end of the mixed gas fitting is configured to engage with a gas delivery hose.10. The fitting of claim 1 , wherein the distal end outlet is configured to couple with an inlet of an inhalation mask.11. The fitting of claim 10 , wherein an inner surface of the angled port is configured to slidably receive at least a portion of a sampling tube claim 10 , which is configured to extend from the distal end outlet into the inlet of the inhalation mask.12. The fitting of claim 11 , wherein the angled port is configured to couple with a luer fitting and an ...

TISSUE TO END TIDAL CO2 MONITOR

A method comprises measuring tissue carbon dioxide levels of a living organism, measuring end-tidal carbon dioxide levels of the living organism; and calculating at least one tissue-to-end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient value based on the measured tissue carbon dioxide levels and the measured end-tidal carbon dioxide levels, the tissue-to-end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient value being indicative of a measure of perfusion of the living organism. 1. A method , comprising:measuring tissue carbon dioxide levels of a living organism;measuring end-tidal carbon dioxide levels of the living organism; andcalculating at least one tissue-to-end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient value based on the measured tissue carbon dioxide levels and the measured end-tidal carbon dioxide levels, the tissue-to-end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient value being indicative of a measure of perfusion of the living organism.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measurement of the tissue carbon dioxide levels is non-invasive and performed in at least one of: a buccal mucosa region of the living organism claim 1 , a sublingual region of the living organism claim 1 , a nasal septum region of the living organism claim 1 , and an ear concha region of the living organism.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measurement of the end-tidal carbon dioxide levels is non-invasive and performed in at least one of: an endotracheal tube attached to the living organism claim 1 , nostrils of the living organism claim 1 , and a mouth of the living organism.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-invasive measurement of the end-tidal carbon dioxide levels is performed via a capnometer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-invasive measurement of the tissue carbon dioxide levels is performed via a pulse oximeter.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:performing post-processing on the tissue-to-end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient value.7. The method of claim 1 , the measure of perfusion being indicative of a ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF MONITORING RESPIRATORY PARAMETERS

A spirometer includes a housing, a mouthpiece coupled to the housing, and a measurement unit. The measurement unit is configured to receive air expelled by a user, and generate an electrical quantity corresponding to a peak expiratory flow or a forced expiratory volume based on the expelled air. The spirometer also includes a processing module supported by the housing, and configured to receive the electrical quantity from the measurement unit, a display coupled to the measurement unit to display an indication of the peak expiratory flow or the forced expiratory volume, and an energy harvester. The energy harvester is coupled to the measurement unit and the processing module, and is configured to receive energy from one of a group consisting of the measurement unit and an energy sensor, store the received energy in an energy storage device, and transfer the energy to the processing module. 1. A spirometer comprising:a housing;a mouthpiece coupled to the housing;a measurement unit configured to receive air expelled by a user, and generate an electrical quantity corresponding to a peak expiratory flow or a forced expiratory volume based on the expelled air;a processing module supported by the housing, and configured to receive the electrical quantity from the measurement unit; and receive energy from one of a group consisting of the measurement unit and an energy device,', 'store the received energy in an energy storage device, and', 'transfer the energy to the processing module., 'an energy harvester coupled to the measurement unit and the processing module, the energy harvester configured to'}2. The spirometer of claim 1 , wherein the housing includes a set of guiderails along a length of the housing claim 1 , and wherein the mouthpiece is movable relative to the housing between a first position in which the mouthpiece is recessed within the housing claim 1 , and a second position in which the mouthpiece is exposed outside the housing.3. The spirometer of claim 2 , ...

Mobile Device

Mobile device () is disclosed. The present techniques relate to a mobile device or portable electronic device, particularly a device including a breath sampling device. The mobile electronic device () comprises a collection device () for collecting and storing a gas sample. The collection device () is accessible to enable analysis of the gas stored in the collection device (). The collection device () comprises a mouthpiece () into which a user exhales. The collection device () further comprises a plurality of sorbent tubes () to collect and store the breath sample(s). Each tube () has a one-way valve () to prevent captured breath escaping. 1. A mobile electronic device comprising a collection device for collecting and storing a gas sample , wherein the collection device is accessible to enable analysis of the gas stored in the collection device , wherein the mobile electronic device is one or more of a mobile phone , a smart phone and a tablet.2. The mobile device of claim 1 , wherein the collection device is detachable from the mobile device.3. The mobile device of claim 1 , wherein the collection device is housed within the mobile electronic device.4. The mobile device of claim 1 , wherein the collection device is configured to store multiple gas samples.5. The mobile device of claim 1 , further comprising at least one sensor for collecting information simultaneously with the collection device.6. The mobile device of claim 1 , further comprising a processor configured to initiate collection of the gas sample in response to an input.7. The mobile device of claim 6 , wherein the input is a user input.8. The mobile device of claim 6 , wherein the processor is further configured to:determine whether the collected gas sample satisfies at least one collection criteria andif so, stop the collection andstore the collected gas sample.9. The mobile device of claim 6 , wherein the processor is further configured to determine whether a plurality of gas samples are to be ...

PORTABLE SPIROMETER

The present invention relates to a portable spirometer, comprising a housing and a mouthpiece being releasably connected to said housing, wherein the housing encloses a sensor unit being in fluid communication with a flow channel receiving part of a flow of exhaled or inhaled air from a main flow channel of the mouthpiece when connected to said housing, whereby the sensor unit is configured to measure one or more characteristics of part of the flow of exhaled or inhaled air passed to the sensor unit via the mouthpiece, characterised in that said sensor unit comprises at least one digital differential pressure sensor comprising a heating element and a temperature sensor arranged upstream of the heating element and a reference temperature sensor arranged downstream of the heating element. 1. A portable spirometer , comprising a housing and a mouthpiece being releasably connected to said housing , wherein the housing encloses a sensor unit being in fluid communication with a flow channel receiving part of a flow of exhaled or inhaled air from a main flow channel of the mouthpiece when connected to said housing , whereby the sensor unit is configured to measure one or more characteristics of part of the flow of exhaled or inhaled air passed to the sensor unit via the mouthpiece , characterised in that said sensor unit comprises at least one digital differential pressure sensor comprising:a heating element,a temperature sensor arranged upstream of the heating element, anda reference temperature sensor arranged downstream of the heating element.2. The portable spirometer according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one digital differential pressure sensor is configured to measure thermal flow of the air and to convert the measured thermal flow to a value representing air flow.3. The portable spirometer according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one digital differential pressure sensor is configured to measure a first temperature and a second temperature which are ...

Exercise and Communication System and Associated Methods

An exercise and communications system includes an interactive device, a remote device, and an external device, wherein the interactive device is configured to gather data relating to a user of the system and transmit the same to the remote device, and the remote device is configured to provide analyze the data and transmit a response to the interactive device, which in turn communicates the response to the user and additionally communication with an external device for retrieval of instructions, programs, and data, inter alia. An exercise and communications system facilitates communication between a plurality of users, each having an interactive device and a remote device.

Method and System to Amplify and Measure Breath Analytes

A method of avoiding a contaminant which would skew an analyte result in a breath analysis method and of calibrating subject of the breath analysis includes, immediately before the breath analysis method or the collection of breath for the breath analysis method, administering to the subject a predetermined gas composition. A system for analyzing an analyte in breath of a subject while avoiding a local contaminant which would skew an analyte result and calibrating the subject of so that the result of the analyte analysis will be the same regardless of where the test is performed geographically, includes a source of a predetermined gas composition immediately before the breath analysis method or the collection of gas for the breath analysis method, administering to the subject a predetermined gas mixture. 1. A method of avoiding a contaminant which would skew an analyte result in a breath analysis method and of calibrating subject of the breath analysis comprising , immediately before a breath analysis method or collection of breath for a breath analysis method , administering to the subject a predetermined purified and standardized gas composition , the predetermined gas composition being free of a contaminant which would skew an analyte result in a breath analysis method , so that the result of the analyte analysis will be the same regardless of where the test is performed geographically.2. The method of claim 1 , where reduced pressure is used to enhance exit transit of the desired analyte into the breath.3. The method of claim 2 , where the purified and standardized gas composition comprises hospital air gas.4. The method of claim 1 , where the purified and standardized gas composition comprises hospital air gas.5. A method of avoiding a contaminant which would skew an analyte result in a breath analysis method and of calibrating subject of the breath analysis comprising claim 1 , immediately before a breath analysis method or collection of breath for a breath ...

Facially fitting devices with illuminated placement markers

Disclosed herein are facially fitting devices, such as nasal cannulas and oxygen masks, including illuminating placement marker(s), which facilitate correct placement of the facially fitting devices on a face of a subject in dark conditions. The placement marker is powered by a thermo-electric generator, which generates electrical power via thermal coupling thereof to skin on the face of a subject when the facially fitting device is fitted, or partially fitted, on the face of the subject.

RESPIRATORY MUSCLE ENDURANCE TRAINING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE USE THEREOF

A respiratory muscle endurance training device (RMET) includes a chamber and a patient interface. In one implementation, one or both of a COsensor or a temperature sensor can be coupled to the chamber or patient interface to provide the user or caregiver with indicia about the COlevel in, or the temperature of, the chamber or patient interface, and/or the duration of use of the device. In another implementation, the RMET may have a fixed volume portion adjustable to contain a measured portion of a specific patient's inspiratory volume capacity. Methods of using the device are also provided. 1. A respiratory muscle endurance training device comprising:an adjustable chamber adjustable between at least a first interior volume and a second interior volume, said adjustable chamber comprising an output end; anda patient interface connected to said output end of said chamber.2. The respiratory muscle endurance training device of wherein said chamber further comprises an input end and a one-way inhalation valve disposed proximate said input end of said chamber.3. The respiratory muscle endurance training device of further comprising a one-way exhalation valve disposed proximate said input end of said chamber.4. The respiratory muscle endurance training device of further comprising a flow indicator moveable in response to one or both of an inhalation and exhalation.5. The respiratory muscle endurance training device of wherein said adjustable chamber comprises first and second tubular members claim 1 , wherein said first and second tubular members interface and are moveable relative to each other between at least a first and second position so as to define said first and second interior volumes.6. The respiratory muscle endurance training device of further comprising a COsensor coupled to at least one of said chamber and said patient interface.7. The respiratory muscle endurance training device of wherein said COsensor comprises a Fenem colorimetic indicator disposed on an ...

MICRO-ANALYZER WITH PASSIVE AGGREGATOR

A micro-analyzer is described. This micro-analyzer includes an outer surface region on a sampler surface that receives liquid droplets, and aggregates and moves the droplets radially toward an inner surface region on the sampler surface that receives the droplets. For example, the outer surface region may include a set of micro-patterned concentric rings, each of which includes a set of radially oriented wall-groove pairs. Moreover, the sampler surface may be increasingly less hydrophobic along a radial direction toward the center of the sampler surface, thereby creating an axisymmetric wettability gradient. After the droplets are aggregated, an analysis mechanism in an area within the inner surface region performs analysis on the aggregated droplets. 1. A micro-analyzer configured for on-chip micro-analysis , comprising:a substrate; an outer surface region configured to collect and transport liquid droplets radially toward a center of the patterned surface; and', 'an inner surface region within the outer surface region, wherein the inner surface region is configured to receive the liquid droplets collected by the outer surface region; and, 'a patterned surface disposed on the substrate, which further comprisesan analysis mechanism in an area in the inner surface region configured to analyze the collected droplets.2. The micro-analyzer of claim 1 , wherein the patterned surface is configured so that the surface is increasingly less hydrophobic along a radial direction toward the center of the patterned surface.3. The micro-analyzer of claim 1 , wherein the outer surface region is micro-patterned to create a wettability gradient which is distributed axisymmetrically.4. The micro-analyzer of claim 3 , wherein the wettability gradient increases in an inward radial direction.5. The micro-analyzer of claim 1 , wherein the outer surface region comprises a set of micro-patterned concentric rings.6. The micro-analyzer of claim 5 , wherein a given micro-patterned concentric ...

Vehicle Control System With Impaired Driver Prevention And Biometric Detection

A vehicle control system with impaired driver prevention and biometric detection includes a vehicle with an ignition interlock circuit and one or more vehicle electrical systems, a detection device with an internal sensor system, and a mobile device having and one or more biometric sensors. The system operates by initiating a vehicle start command via the mobile device, prompting a user for a scan, receiving the scan from the detection device, whereby the scan includes at least a blood alcohol content percentage of the user, acquiring a sensed biometric image via the biometric sensors of the mobile device, and comparing the sensed biometric image to one or more stored biometric images. If the biometric image does not match a stored biometric image, or if the scan includes a blood alcohol content above a threshold value, then the vehicle start command is canceled. 1) A vehicle control system , comprising:a vehicle comprising a wireless transceiver operably connected to a vehicle battery, an ignition interlock circuit, and one or more vehicle electrical systems;a detection device comprising a housing having an external mouthpiece operably connected to an internal sensor system, which is operably connected to a battery and a wireless transceiver;a mobile device comprising a housing having a display, an input mechanism, a wireless transceiver, and one or more biometric sensors operably connected to a battery; initiating a vehicle start command via the input mechanism of the mobile device;', 'prompting a user for a scan via the display of the mobile device;', 'receiving, at the mobile device, a scan from the detection device, whereby the scan includes at least a blood alcohol content percentage of the user;', 'acquiring a sensed biometric image via the one or more biometric sensors of the mobile device;', 'comparing the sensed biometric image to one or more stored biometric images;', 'if the biometric image does not match a stored biometric image, then cancelling the ...

ORAL/NASAL CANNULA MANIFOLD

An oral/nasal cannula manifold gas sampling and oxygen delivering manifold for sampling exhaled breath of a subject and delivering supplemental oxygen, the cannula including a main body portion having a suction port which is connected with a collection tube to a suction device for sampling the exhaled breath of the subject. A nasal prong upwardly protrudes from the main body portion and is positioned for insertion into a nostril of the subject to collect nasally exhaled breath. An oral conduit passage is embedded in a deflector/concentrator plate that extends downwardly from the main body portion and is also provided with a passage with an elongate lateral opening positioned for placement near the mouth of the subject to collect orally exhaled breath of the subject. The conduit passages of the nasal and oral passages are connected to and aligned in the same plane whereby the opposed nasal and oral conduit passages are connected with the conduit passage of the suction port without any adjacent connected void volumes or dead spaces in any of the passages. 1. An oral/nasal gas sampling and oxygen delivery manifold for sampling exhaled breath of a subject and delivering supplemental oxygen , comprising:a main body portion having formed therein a suction port which is dimensioned and adapted to be connected with a collection tube to a suction device for sampling of exhaled breath of said subject;a nasal prong protruding from said main body portion and positioned for insertion into a nostril of said subject to collect nasally exhaled breath of said subject, and having a nasal passage in fluid flow communication with a conduit passage of said suction port; andan oral prong protruding from said main body portion and having a conduit oral passage with an elongate lateral opening providing an elongate open channel in said oral passage positioned for placement near an oral cavity of said subject to collect orally exhaled breath of said subject, and in fluid flow communication ...

Statistical, Noninvasive Measurement of a Patient's Physiological State

Tools and techniques for the rapid, continuous, invasive and/or noninvasive measurement, estimation, and/or prediction of a patient's physiological state. In an aspect, some tools and techniques can estimate predict the onset of conditions intracranial pressure, an amount of blood volume loss, cardiovascular collapse, and/or dehydration. Some tools can recommend (and, in some cases, administer) a therapeutic treatment for the patient's condition. In another aspect, some techniques employ high speed software technology that enables active, long term learning from extremely large, continually changing datasets. In some cases, this technology utilizes feature extraction, state-of-the-art machine learning and/or statistical methods to autonomously build and apply relevant models in real-time.

ATTACHABLE NASAL CANNULA

A respiratory gas measurement system is described. In one embodiment, the respiratory gas measurement system includes a chamber and an adhesive pad. The chamber is configured to collect a respiratory gas. The adhesive pad includes a substrate. At least a portion of a first surface of the substrate is covered with adhesive. The adhesive on the first surface of the substrate attaches the adhesive pad to a first surface of the chamber. The adhesive pad enables the chamber to attach to a surface of another nasal cannula.

Apparatus and Method for Offline Collection of Breath Samples for Nitric Oxide Measurement

A breath collection and storage apparatus is disclosed for collecting and storing samples of exhaled breath for later analysis of nitric oxide contained in collected breath samples. The described apparatus provides for inhaling air into the lungs via a one-way air inflow portal through an airflow chamber via an inhalation/exhalation portal. Air inhaled into the lungs is then expelled back into the airflow chamber via the inhalation/exhalation portal and flowed into a breath storage vessel. A flow meter monitor, such as a flow meter or pressure gauge can be employed to monitor and control the rate of flow of the exhaled breath. A three-way valve can be incorporated into the air outflow portal to selectively permit discharge of exhaled breath to the outside or into the breath storage vessel. If desired, a programmable controller in electrical connection with the flow meter and three-way valve can be employed to maneuver the three-way valve to discharge and collection positions to allow for collecting and storing preselected portions of the exhaled breath. In addition, a flow rate restriction mechanism can be employed to automatically control the flow rate of exhaled air (breath) through the airflow chamber. 1. An apparatus for collecting a breath sample , comprising:(a) an exhalation portal in fluid communication with an airflow chamber;(b) an air outflow portal in fluid communication with said airflow chamber;(c) an airflow monitor in fluid communication with said airflow chamber; and(d) a detachable breath storage vessel in fluid communication with said airflow chamber via said air outflow portal.2. The apparatus of wherein said air outflow portal is a three-way valve claim 1 , said three-way valve maneuverable between an air discharge position and an air collection position.3. The apparatus of further comprising a programmable controller in electrical communication with said airflow monitor and said three-way valve claim 2 , said programmable controller configured ...

Diagnosis of tuberculosis and other diseases using exhaled breath

Disclosed are methods and devices for analyzing aerosol particles in exhaled breath using diagnostic tools that enable rapid, low cost and autonomous point of care assays for several diseases including respiratory tract diseases. Disclosed are methods and devices for capturing exhaled breath aerosols in a packed bed column and analyzing exhaled captured breath aerosols for tuberculosis diagnosis.

Defibrillator Display

Systems and methods related to the field of cardiac resuscitation, and in particular to devices for assisting rescuers in performing cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are described herein. 1. A method for monitoring patient activity using an external defibrillator , the method comprising:obtaining data regarding chest compressions performed on the patient;determining values for depth and rate of a plurality of the chest compressions;displaying on a graphical display screen of the defibrillator, indications of the determined values for depth and rate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the values for depth and rate comprises determining numeric values in terms of distance for depth and compressions per minute for rate claim 1 , and wherein displaying the indications of the determined values for depth and rate comprises displaying numbers that correspond to the determined numeric values.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising displaying an icon adjacent the indications of the determined values that indicates whether the chest compressions are being performed properly.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein a color of the icon changes based on whether the chest compressions are being performed properly or improperly.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising receiving information about the patient's heart activity and displaying on the graphical display claim 1 , with the determined values for depth and rate claim 1 , an electrocardiogram of the patient.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein displaying the electrocardiogram comprises moving an electrocardiogram trace laterally across the display7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising displaying an unfiltered electrocardiogram claim 6 , sensing that chest compressions have commenced on the patient claim 6 , and subsequently displaying a filtered electrocardiogram.8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising momentarily displaying on a trace of the electrocardiogram claim 7 , an unfiltered portion ...

Capnography Module with Automatic Switching Between Mainstream and Sidestream Monitoring

A capnography module for a patient monitoring system includes a hardware switching mechanism and a software mechanism for switching the capnography module automatically between a mainstream monitoring mode and a sidestream monitoring mode. The hardware switching mechanism along with software detection is capable of detecting the connection of a mainstream capnography sensor and a sidestream sampling line and generates flags to notify the software switching mechanism which sensor or line is connected. The software switching mechanism notifies a controller board in the module which monitoring system is available and the controller board operates the module in the respective mode. The capnography module also includes a connector latching mechanism for securing the mainstream capnography sensor to the module and preventing accidental disconnection. 1. A capnography module for use with a patient monitoring system , said capnography module comprising:a monitor connector for connecting said capnography module to a monitor of said patient monitoring system, said monitor connector providing a pathway for data transmission between said capnography module and said patient monitoring system;a mainstream connector for connecting a mainstream capnography sensor to said capnography module;a sidestream port for connecting a sidestream sampling line to said capnography module;a mainstream gas values parser for analyzing data provided by a mainstream capnography sensor attached to said mainstream connector;a sidestream capnography sensor for monitoring gases provided by a sidestream sampling line attached to said sidestream port;a sidestream gas values parser for analyzing data provided by said sidestream capnography sensor;a hardware switching mechanism, comprising a plurality of circuits and communication interfaces between said circuits;a controller circuit in communication with said hardware switching mechanism and said monitor of said patient monitoring system; and,a software ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HIGH FLOW OXYGEN THERAPY

A method of method of high flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) and carbon dioxide (CO) monitoring includes delivering high flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) via a central lumen of a nasal cannula, the nasal cannula comprising a proximal end, a distal end positioned within a pharynx region of a patient's airway, and the central lumen and a sampling lumen formed within a wall of the nasal cannula. The method also includes receiving sampled exhaled breath of the patient via the sampling lumen at a COmonitor, wherein the sampling lumen is configured to sample the exhaled breath at the pharynx region through the CO2-permeable membrane and direct the sampled exhaled breath to a COmonitor fluidly coupled to the sampling lumen and determining a level of COin the exhaled breath using the COmonitor. 1. A method of high flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) and carbon dioxide (CO) monitoring comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, "delivering high flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) via a central lumen of a nasal cannula, the nasal cannula comprising a proximal end, a distal end positioned within a pharynx region of a patient's airway, and the central lumen, and further comprising an inflatable cuff coupled to an exterior wall of the nasal cannula to anchor the distal end within the pharynx region and a sampling lumen formed within a wall of the nasal cannula, the sampling lumen terminating in a carbon dioxide (CO) permeable membrane positioned at or near the distal end of the nasal cannula, and wherein the CO-permeable membrane is selectively permeable to COrelative to oxygen;"}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'receiving sampled exhaled breath of the patient via the sampling lumen at a COmonitor, wherein the sampling lumen is configured to sample the exhaled breath at the pharynx region through the CO-permeable membrane and direct the sampled exhaled breath to a COmonitor fluidly coupled to the sampling lumen; and'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'determining a level of COin the exhaled breath using the COmonitor.'}2. The method of claim 1 , ...

MEDICATION ADHERENCE MONITORING SYSTEM

The present invention relates to the detection of markers in exhaled breath, wherein the detection of the presence or absence of the marker(s) in exhaled breath is used to assess various clinical data, including patient adherence in taking the medication and patient enzymatic (metabolic) competence in metabolizing the medication. An embodiment of the invention comprises a parent therapeutic agent labeled with a marker, where upon metabolism (e.g., via enzymatic action) of the therapeutic agent, the marker becomes volatile or semi-volatile and is present in the breath. In certain related embodiments, the marker contain a deuterium label, which is also present in the breath upon metabolism of the therapeutic agent. In another embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic agent is associated with a taggant (that may be either labeled or unlabeled with deuterium), which in turn will generate a marker in the breath that is easily measurable. 1. A system comprising:a pharmaceutical pill or capsule comprising a therapeutic agent and a first exhaled drug ingestion marker (EDIM) or source thereof on or in the pharmaceutical pill or capsule, and a second EDIM or source thereof on or in the pharmaceutical pill or capsule, wherein the first EDIM and the second EDIM are different chemicals; anda device that comprises a sensor that receives exhaled breath of an individual and determines whether the first EDIM and the second EDIM are present in the breath of the individual.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the device indicates that the individual ingested the pill or capsule based on whether the first EDIM and the second EDIM are present in the individual's breath.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first EDIM and the second EDIM are labeled with non-ordinary isotopes.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the non-ordinary isotopes comprise deuterium.5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the device comprises an infrared spectrometer. This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. ...

DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING AND ANALYZING VAPOR CONDENSATE, PARTICULARLY EXHALED BREATH CONDENSATE, AS WELL AS METHOD OF USING THE SAME

The present invention is related to the field of bio/chemical sensing, assays and applications. Particularly, the present invention is related to collecting a small amount of a vapor condensate sample (e.g. the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from a subject of a volume as small as 10 fL (femto-Liter) in a single drop), preventing or significantly reducing an evaporation of the collected vapor condensate sample, analyzing the sample, analyzing the sample by mobile-phone, and performing such collection and analysis by a person without any professionals. 1. A device for collecting and analyzing a vapor condensate (VC) sample , comprising: i. the plates are movable relative to each other into different configurations;', 'ii. one or both plates are flexible;', 'iii. each of the plates has, on its respective surface, a sample contact area for contacting a vapor condensate (VC) sample that contains an analyte;', 'iv. one or both of the plates comprise spacers, wherein at least one of the spacers is inside the sample contact area;, 'a collection plate and a cover plate, whereinwherein one of the configurations is an open configuration, in which: the two plates are either completely or partially separated apart, the spacing between the plates is not regulated by the spacers, and the VC sample is deposited on one or both of the plates by directly condensing a vapor on the plate or the plates; andwherein another of the configurations is a closed configuration which is configured after the VC sample deposition in the open configuration; and in the closed configuration: at least a part of the VC sample is between the two plates and in contact with the two plates, and has a highly uniform thickness that is regulated by the spacers and the two sample surfaces of the plates and is equal to or less than 30 um with a small variation.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises a dry reagent coated on one or both of the plates.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ...

RESPIRATION GAS MONITOR WITH AUTOMATED AND NONOBTRUSIVE FILTER CALIBRATION

A respiration gas monitor (RGM) device includes an infrared light source () launching infrared light () through a respired air flow path (), and an optical detector () that detects the infrared light after passing through the respired air flow path. An absorption line bandpass filter () has a passband encompassing an absorption line of a target gas. A reference line bandpass filter () has a passband over which the respired air is transparent. A control device () switches the RGM device between: a monitoring state in which the absorption line bandpass filter is in the path of the infrared light; and a calibration state in which the reference line bandpass filter is in the path of the infrared light and the absorption line bandpass filter is not in the path of the infrared light. 1. A respiration gas monitor (RGM) device comprising:a respired air flow path for carrying respired air;an infrared light source arranged to launch infrared light through the respired air flow path;an optical detector arranged to detect the infrared light after passing through the respired air flow path;an absorption line bandpass filter having a passband that encompasses an absorption line of a target gas;a reference line bandpass filter having a passband over which the respired air is transparent; and a monitoring state in which the absorption line bandpass filter is in the path of the infrared light and the reference line bandpass filter is not in the path of the infrared light, and', an electro-optical beam steering device operable at:', {'b': '1', 'a first electric bias implementing the monitoring state by steering the infrared light to an optical path (P) that passes through the absorption line bandpass filter and does not pass through the reference line bandpass filter, and'}, {'b': '2', 'a second electric bias implementing the calibration state by steering the infrared light to an optical path (P) that passes through the reference line bandpass filter and does not pass through ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FLUID TESTING

Implementations disclosed herein provide a method of determining a quantity of an electrochemically convertible substance in a fluid sample, the method comprising introducing the fluid sample into an electrochemical sensor, wherein at least a portion of the fluid sample is electrochemically converted to produce an electrical output from the electrochemical sensor, measuring the electrical output from the electrochemical sensor on a periodic basis to produce sensor measurements, inputting a first subset of the sensor measurements into a first computation to yield first computation analysis results, inputting a second subset of the sensor measurements and the first computation analysis results into a second computation to yield second computation analysis results, and calculating the quantity of the electrochemically convertible substance in the fluid sample by applying a third computation to the first computation analysis results and the second computation analysis results. 1. A method of determining a quantity of an electrochemically convertible substance in a fluid sample , the method comprising:introducing the fluid sample into an electrochemical sensor, wherein at least a portion of the fluid sample is electrochemically converted to produce an electrical output from the electrochemical sensor;measuring the electrical output from the electrochemical sensor on a periodic basis to produce sensor measurements;inputting a first subset of the sensor measurements into a first computation to yield first computation analysis results;inputting a second subset of the sensor measurements and the first computation analysis results into a second computation to yield second computation analysis results; andcalculating the quantity of the electrochemically convertible substance in the fluid sample by applying a third computation to the first computation analysis results and the second computation analysis results.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising solving for a ...

NASOPHARYNGEAL CANNULA FOR SIDE-STREAM CAPNOGRAPHY

The invention relates to a nasopharyngeal cannula () comprising a body () formed by a tubular portion () that is curved so as to be inserted into a patient's nostril and a collar () for resting on the base of the patient's nostril. The cannula also comprises a main channel () forming a fluid passage between the collar and the tubular portion of the body and two auxiliary channels () formed in the body and extending from the collar into the main channel. Each auxiliary channel opens into the collar at an inlet/outlet port () oriented radially in relation to the axis (II-II′) of the main channel such as to be oriented laterally on each side of the patient's nostril when the cannula is in place on the patient. 112431534267235673647451. A nasopharyngeal cannula () comprising a body () formed by a tubular portion () that is curved so as to be inserted into a patient's nostril , and by a collar () that is able to rest on the base of the patient's nostril , the cannula () comprising a main conduit () forming a fluid passage between the collar () and the tubular portion () of the body () , and two auxiliary conduits ( , ) which are formed in the body () and extend from the collar () into the main conduit () , characterized in that each auxiliary conduit ( , ) opens into the collar () at an input/output orifice ( , ) oriented radially with respect to the axis (II-II′) of the main conduit () so as to be oriented laterally on each side of the patient's nostril when the cannula () is fitted on the patient.21647451. The cannula () as claimed in claim 1 , in which the direction between each input/output orifice ( claim 1 , ) and the axis (II-II′) of the main conduit () forms an angle of between −10° and 20° claim 1 , more particularly between 0° and 10° claim 1 , with an axis orthogonal to the axis of the patient's nose when the cannula () is fitted on the patient.313676736474. The cannula () as claimed in either of and claim 1 , in which the collar () comprises an input/output ...

SYSTEM FOR BREATH SAMPLE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

Systems and methods for collecting samples from a patient for diagnosis are provided. In many embodiments, the sample collection and analysis system concentrates particles emanating from a patient's cough, sneeze, or breathe in a sample for the diagnosis of a respiratory tract infection or other ailment of the patient. The sample collection and analysis system has a pre-collection assembly (that is patient interface, a collector in fluid communication with a sample reservoir that function in combination to: efficiently capture the volume of air expelled from the subject, direct the expelled air towards a sample reservoir, and separate the desired particle sizes from the expelled air into the sample reservoir. 1. A biological sample collector system comprising:a pre-collection assembly configured to engage with a patient such that the entirety of the outflow of breath from the patient including any biological particulates contained therein is captured within the collector system;a sample reservoir defining a volume having therein a sample medium for entraining the target biological particulates in the sample medium to form a sample analyte suitable for diagnostic analysis;a collector in fluid communication between the pre-collection assembly and the sample reservoir, and having at its terminating end a fluid focusing nozzle, the collector being configured to select said biological particulates of greater than a target size from said outflow of breath and direct said target biological particulates into said sample reservoir such that efficient transfer of the target biological particulates into the sample medium is obtained; andwherein at least a portion of the outflow of breath flows through said pre-collection assembly and into said collector in any single breath, and wherein the remainder of the outflow of breath is temporarily stored within said pre-collection assembly.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the angle formed between the entry of the fluid focusing ...

Breathing Detection Apparatus

An apparatus including a tubular channel having a pathway extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the tubular channel. The proximal end is configured to connect directly or indirectly to an end tidal COmonitor. The distal end has an opening. The apparatus further includes a detection member including a chamber disposed in fluid communication with the pathway of the tubular channel such that gas entering the tubular channel via the opening on the distal end passes into the chamber. A detection element is disposed within the chamber and includes a component that is sensitive to one or more systemic biomarkers such that, upon exposure to a predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers contained in the gas, a state of the detection element experiences a permanent alteration and the detection member indicates that the predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers is present in the gas. 1. A sampling apparatus , comprising:a sampling tube to sample exhaled breath;a housing into which the sampling tube transmits a sample of the exhaled breath, the housing including a slot disposed into a side of the housing such that when a cannula is laterally inserted into the slot, the cannula extends in a direction parallel to a direction of extension of the sampling tube; anda collar that is connectable to the housing and is configured to be positioned in a connected position or a disconnected position,wherein, when the collar is in the connected position, an external wall of the collar prevents removal of an inserted cannula from the slot, andwherein, when the collar is in the disconnected position, the cannula is insertable and/or removable from the slot.2. The sampling apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the collar slides over the sampling tube to connect to the housing and engage the connected position.3. The sampling apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sampled breath is carried to an end tidal ...

COMBINED EXHALED AIR AND ENVIRONMENTAL GAS SENSOR APPARATUS

A combined exhaled air and environmental gas sensor apparatus for mobile respiratory equipment includes a housing, wherein the housing includes a port aperture, a connector configured to attach the port aperture to a respiratory exhaust port, and at least an ambient aperture connecting to an exterior environment, a sensor positioned within the housing, the sensor configured to detect a carbon dioxide level and generate sensor outputs indicating detected carbon dioxide level, a processor communicatively connected to the sensor, the processor including a memory, a breath analysis mode and an environmental analysis mode, wherein the processor is configured to receive a plurality of sensor outputs from the sensor, match the plurality of sensor outputs to mode parameter profile, and switch between the breath analysis mode and the environmental analysis mode as a function of the mode parameter profile. 1. A combined exhaled air and environmental gas sensor apparatus for mobile respiratory equipment , the apparatus comprising: a connector configured to attach to a respiratory exhaust port; and', permit a free flow of the ambient air within the plenum; and', 'permit a free flow of exhaled air from the respiratory exhaust port within the plenum during exhalation;, 'a plenum in fluidic communication with the connector and an ambient air, wherein the plenum is configured to], 'a housing, wherein the housing further comprisesa sensor positioned within the plenum, the sensor configured to detect a carbon dioxide level and generate a plurality of sensor outputs indicating the detected carbon dioxide level; receive a plurality of sensor outputs from the sensor;', 'analyze the detected carbon dioxide level associated with the flow of the ambient air; and', 'analyze the detected carbon dioxide level associated with the flow of the exhaled air., 'a processor communicatively connected to the sensor, wherein the processor is configured to2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plenum ...

BREATH ANALYZER DEVICES AND BREATH TEST METHODS

The present invention provides an improved breath analyzer and breath test method to determine the presence of disease in humans, including but not limited to, the bacterium in a subjects digestive tract. In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a universal breath testing platform and methods of testing for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the liver, the kidneys, and the lungs, along with testing for cancer, infections, and metabolic diseases. 111.-. (canceled)12. A breath test method , comprising steps of:(a) providing a portable breath analyzer, wherein the portable breath analyzer comprises:(i) A removable mouthpiece; and(ii) A main body, wherein the main body includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a processor and an electrical circuit, wherein the first sensor comprises ammonia selective material that has a resistivity that increases in response to increased concentration of ammonia gas, wherein the second sensor comprises carbon dioxide selective material that has a resistivity that increases in response to increased concentration of carbon dioxide gas, wherein the electrical circuit operably connects the first sensor and the second sensor to the processor, and wherein the processor measure resistivity of the first sensor and the second sensor;(b) prompting a subject to exhale a baseline breath sample into the removable mouthpiece;(c) allowing the processor to measure a resistivity of the first sensor that occurs when the baseline breath sample contacts the first sensor;{'sup': '13', 'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, '(d) prompting the subject to ingest either labeled urea (CO(NH)) or unlabeled urea CO(NH));'}(e) prompting the subject to exhale a post-urea breath sample into the removable mouthpiece;(f) allowing the processor to measure a resistivity of the first sensor that occurs when the post-urea breath sample contacts the first sensor; and(g) comparing the measured resistivity of the baseline breath sample to the measured resistivity of the ...

DEVICES AND METHODS FOR GENERATING AN ARTIFICIAL EXHALATION PROFILE

Methods and devices for creating an artificial exhalation profile, for example for use in the sampling of exhaled breath or air from the nasal cavity from a mammal, wherein said mammal exhales into a device comprising a flow channel, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a control unit, and means for creating an exhalation flow, wherein said means for creating an exhalation flow maintain an exhalation flow at one or more pre-determined flow rate (rates), within a predetermined interval, substantially independent of exhalation pressure. 1. A method in the sampling of exhaled breath from a mammal , wherein said mammal exhales into a system comprising a flow channel , a pressure sensor , a flow sensor , a control unit , and a pump or fan for creating an exhalation flow , whereinthe pressure sensor measures pressure in the mouth of the mammal;the flow sensor measures exhalation air flow in said flow channel;the control unit receives signals from both the pressure sensor and the flow sensor, and sends a signal to activate said pump or fan for creating an exhalation flow when the measured mouth pressure exceeds a predetermined value, or when said pressure sensor and/or said flow sensor detects a pre-determined increase in pressure or flow;said pump or fan for creating a flow, when activated, maintains a targeted exhalation flow at least at one pre-determined flow value, substantially independent of exhalation pressure; andsaid pump or fan is deactivated when a predetermined time has lapsed, or when a predetermined exhalation volume has been exhaled, or when the pressure sensor detects a pre-determined decrease in mouth pressure.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure sensor activates said pump or fan when said pressure sensor detects a pre-determined increase in mouth pressure generated by the mammal.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the exhalation flow rate is maintained at or around at least one value within the interval of about 1 to about 1000 ...

PASSIVE, PROPORTIONAL MEASUREMENT OF OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE CONSUMPTION FOR ASSESSMENT OF METABOLIC PARAMETERS

A conventional flow tube for a metabolic cart is usually a straight length of pipe whose inner diameter is fixed by the respiratory burden imposed by the flow tube on the user, with a smaller diameter imposing a higher respiratory burden. The ratio of the straight flow tube's length to diameter is fixed by fluid dynamics, so increasing the flow tube's diameter causes the flow tube's length to increase. As the flow tube gets longer, it exerts more torque on the user's neck and jaw, creating discomfort. Reducing the flow tube's length causes an undesired increase in the respiratory burden but increasing the flow tube's diameter to reduce the respiratory burden makes the flow tube less comfortable, making the flow tube unconformable, hard to breathe through, or both. Bending the flow tube, e.g., in an L shape, makes it possible to increase the flow tube's propagation length without increasing the flow tube's lever arm length. 1. A flow-rate proportional passive side-stream sampling system comprising:a bent flow tube to receive an exhaled breath from a person;a mixing chamber, in fluid communication with a first port between an inlet of the bent flow tube and an outlet of the bent flow tube, to receive a fraction of the exhaled breath collected in proportion to an instantaneous flow rate of the exhaled breath; andat least one sensor, in fluid communication with gas in the mixing chamber, to measure at least one of a volumetric flow rate, an oxygen content, a carbon dioxide content, an oxygen partial pressure, or a carbon dioxide partial pressure of the fraction of the exhaled breath.2. The flow-rate proportional passive side-stream sampling system of claim 1 , wherein the bent flow tube has a curve of about 75 degrees to about 105 degrees between the inlet and the outlet claim 1 , the bent flow tube defining an inner lumen extending from the proximal end to the distal end to convey the exhaled breath from the proximal end to the distal end claim 1 , the first port being ...

METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING PROPER CONNECTION OF A CONNECTOR IN A GAS SAMPLING LINE

A gas analyzing module includes a first connector, which includes a connection detection mechanism (CDM), and is connectable to a gas sampling line via a second connector. The gas analyzing module also includes a pump, a pressure sensor and a controller. The controller controls operation of the pump and receives a signal from the CDM. When the pump is on/active, the controller measures the CDM output signal, and if the CDM output signal indicates misconnection between the first connector and the second connector, the controller switches the pump off only if a pressure measured in the gas sampling line corroborates the CDM's misconnection indication, or, if the measured pressure refutes the CDM's misconnection indication, the controller maintains the pump's on state. The gas analyzing module may be a capnography module configured for capnography. Also provided is a gas analyzing system that includes the gas analyzing module and a gas analyzer. 1. A capnograph module for a capnograph system , the capnograph module comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a capnograph connector configured to receive COsamples from a gas sampling line via a gas sampling line connector, said capnograph connector comprising a light source and a light sensor;'}{'sub': '2', 'a pump configured to draw COsamples via the capnograph connector for analysis;'}a pressure sensor configured to sense pressure in the gas sampling line; anda controller configured to control operation of the pump and light source and to measure intensity of light sensed by the light sensor,wherein the controller is configured to:when the pump is on/active, sample light while switching the light source “on” and “off”; and (i) switch the pump off when a pressure measured in the gas sampling line corroborates the light samples misconnection indication; and', '(ii) maintain the pump in the on state if the measured pressure refutes the light samples misconnection indication., 'when light samples indicate misconnection between the capnograph ...

TECHNIQUES FOR RAPID DETECTION AND QUANTITATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS) USING BREATH SAMPLES

An exemplary breath analysis system may include a sampling chamber having a molecule collector disposed therein. The molecule detector may be configured such that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in a breath sample introduced to the sampling chamber adhere to the molecule collector. A heating element may introduce heat within the sampling chamber, causing release of at least a portion of the VOCs adhered to the molecule collector. An analysis device (e.g., a mass spectrometer or tetrahertz (THz) spectrometer) may identify one or more target VOCs from among at least the portion of the VOCs released from the molecule collector and generate an output representative of the identified one or more target VOCs. The output may include information that quantitates a concentration of the one or more target VOCs with respect to a source of the breath sample. 1. A system for analyzing a breath sample , the system comprising:a sampling chamber;an inlet coupled to the sampling chamber and configured to receive a breath sample and to provide the breath sample to the sampling chamber;a molecule collector disposed within the sampling chamber, wherein the molecule collector is configured to adhere to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in the breath sample;a heating element configured to introduce heat within the sampling chamber; identify one or more target VOCs from among the VOCs present in the sampling chamber subsequent to release of at least a portion of the VOCs from the molecule collector, wherein at least the portion of the VOCs are released from the molecule collector by the heat introduced within the sampling chamber by the heating element; and', 'generate an output representative of the one or more target VOCs., 'an analysis device configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the molecule collector comprises a Carboxen® coated mesh.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heating element comprises a power source coupled to the molecule collector and ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTIMATING SHUNT

In a CO-based method for estimating shunt of a subject, a first value related to alveolar COof the subject is obtained from COmeasurements on expiration gas exhaled by said subject, a second value is obtained related to arterial COof the subject, a third value is obtained related to cardiac output [Q] or effective pulmonary perfusion [EPP] of the subject, a fourth value is obtained related to COelimination [VCO] of the subject, the shunt of the subject is calculated based on said first, second, third and fourth values. The method allows the shunt of the subject to be determined in a non-invasive or minimally-invasive way without requiring determination of the venous or capillary COcontents of the subject, which in turn allows the method to be carried out at the bedside, enabling reliable monitoring of shunt in clinical practice. 1. A method for estimating shunt of a subject , comprising the steps of:{'sub': 2', '2, 'obtaining, from carbon dioxide [CO] measurements on expiration gas exhaled by said subject, a first value related to alveolar COof said subject;'}{'sub': '2', 'obtaining a second value related to arterial COof said subject;'}{'sub': 'T', 'obtaining a third value related to cardiac output [Q] or effective pulmonary perfusion [EPP] of said subject;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'obtaining a fourth value related to COelimination [VCO] of said subject; and'}calculating the shunt of the subject based on said first, second, third and fourth values in a processor and generating an electrical signal representing said shunt of the subject, and making the electrical signal available as an output of the processor.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said first value related to alveolar COis a value of alveolar COpartial pressure [PACO] claim 1 , concentration or volume claim 1 , and said second value related to arterial COis a value of arterial COpartial pressure [PaCO] claim 1 , concentration or volume claim 1 , and comprising using said first and second values in said ...

NASOPHARYNGEAL OR OROPHARYNGEAL CANNULA FOR MAIN-STREAM CAPNOGRAPHY

The invention relates to a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal cannula () comprising a body () formed by a tube () extending through a collar () which can rest on the outer edges of a buccal or nasal cavity of a patient, said tube comprising a first portion () that is at least partially curved so as to be inserted into the patient's buccal or nasal cavity as far as the pharynx and a main channel () forming a fluid passage between the two ends () of the tube. The tube comprises a hard second portion () disposed on one side of the collar opposite the first portion, said second portion comprising a notch (E) transverse to the axis of the main channel and configured to receive infrared means that can obtain a capnography measurement of the air exhaled through the main channel. 1110220440330440330434305504142410420440440444403304343044440550550. An oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal cannula ( , ) comprising a body ( , ) formed by a tube ( , ) extending through a collar ( , ) that is able to rest on the outer edges of an oral or nasal cavity , respectively , of a patient , the tube ( , ) comprising , on one side of the collar ( , ) , a first portion ( , ) that is at least partially curved so as to be inserted into the oral or nasal cavity , respectively , of the patient as far as the pharynx , and a main conduit ( , ) forming a fluid passage between the two ends ( and ; and ) of the tube ( , ) , characterized in that the tube ( , ) comprises a rigid second portion ( , ) arranged on the side of the collar ( , ) opposite the first portion ( , ) , the second portion ( , ) having a notch (E) which is transverse with respect to the axis (II-II′ , VIII-VIII′) of the main conduit ( , ) and which is configured to receive infrared means that are able to perform a capnographic measurement of the air exhaled through the main conduit ( , ).2110033065756505501106575650676022033055043430440. The cannula ( claim 1 , ) as claimed in claim 1 , in which the collar ( claim 1 , ) comprises two ...

Methods For Detecting Bacterial Infections

The invention is directed to methods of detecting lung, gastrointestinal tract, and systemic infections by measuring CO/COisotopic ratios of gaseous carbon dioxide in exhaled breath samples of a subject after administration of a C-isotopically-labeled compound. 1. A method for determining the present or absence of a bacterial infection in a subject comprising:{'sup': 13', '13, 'sub': '2', 'administering to the subject, an effective amount of a C-isotopically-labeled compound that produces COupon bacterial metabolism;'}collecting at least one sample of exhaled breath from the subject;conducting the sample to a sample chamber of a detection apparatus;actuating a laser light source of the detection apparatus to emit one or more of the wavelength pairs 2054.37 and 2052.42; 2054.96 and 2051.67; or 2760.53 and 2760.08 nanometers;directing the laser light thus actuated through the sample in the sample chamber to impinge upon a detector for such wavelengths; and{'sup': 13', '12, 'sub': 2', '2, 'ascertaining the isotopic ratio of COto COpresent in the sample.'}2. The method of further comprising comparing the isotopic ratio of the sample with the isotopic ratio of a control sample to effect said determination.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the control sample comprises at least one sample of exhaled breath from the subject prior to administration of the C-isotopically-labeled compound.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the control sample includes the isotopic ratio of COto COpresent in exhaled breath of a population that has not been administered the C-isotopically-labeled compound.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the C-isotopically-labeled compound is isotopically labeled urea claim 1 , isotopically labeled glycine claim 1 , isotopically labeled citrulline claim 1 , or mixture thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the C-isotopically-labeled compound is tyrosine claim 1 , p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MEASURING RESPIRATORY BIOMETRICS

Some embodiments are directed to a self-contained breathing mask for measuring and monitoring the breath of a human subject. The mask may be lightweight, self-contained, and physically untethered to any test or measurement equipment, providing the subject full mobility, and allowing him/her to perform almost any daily activity during use. The mask may include integrated sensors for measuring properties of the subject's breath, over any length of time, providing respiratory information like breath count, rate and volume, oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production, as well as various biometric information. 1. A method for determining a concentration (X) of a gas component in breath exhaled by a subject , the method being for use in a system comprising a flow path through which flows air exhaled by the subject and air to be inhaled by the subject , the flow path comprising at least one sensor configured to measure the concentration of the gas component , the method comprising acts of:(A) receiving a plurality of readings by the at least one sensor of the concentration of the gas component;(B) based at least in part on the plurality of readings, determining a time-averaged value X of the concentration of the gas component;{'sub': 'e', '#text': '(C) based at least in part on the time-averaged value X of the concentration of the gas component, determining the concentration Xof the gas component in air exhaled by the subject; and'}{'sub': 'e', '#text': '(D) determining at least one respiratory or metabolic value concerning the subject based at least in part on the determined concentration Xof the gas component.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the concentration Xin the act (C) employs a linear function of X comprising a multiplicative coefficient of X equal to 2 claim 1 , reflecting similar amounts of exhaled and inhaled air being exposed to the at least one sensor over the time period.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the concentration ...

END-TIDAL GAS MONITORING APPARATUS

A non-invasive monitoring apparatus for end-tidal gas concentrations, and a method of use thereof, is described for the detection of endogenous gas concentrations, including respiratory gases, in exhaled breath. 1. An end-tidal gas monitoring apparatus for monitoring gas in the exhaled breath of a mammal comprising:a gas conduit configured for fluid communication with the exhaled breath of a mammal;a diverter valve in fluid communication with the gas conduit, wherein the diverter valve controls gas flow to a gas sensor downstream of the diverter valve;{'sub': 2', '2, 'a COsensor upstream of the diverter valve in communication with a controller which determines COlevels in the exhaled breath of a mammal to determine when the diverter valve should direct gas flow to the gas sensor; and'}a recirculation loop downstream of the diverter valve to provide a continuous gas flow to the gas sensor.2. The end-tidal gas monitoring apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the gas sensor is a hydrogen sulfide gas sensor claim 1 , carbon monoxide gas sensor claim 1 , carbon dioxide gas sensor claim 1 , hydrogen gas sensor claim 1 , nitric oxide gas sensor claim 1 , or nitrogen dioxide gas sensor.3. The apparatus of further comprising: computer operably coupled to the gas sensor component; a memory component operably coupled to the computer; a database stored within the memory component.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the computer is configured to calculate and collect cumulative data on an amount of exhaled gas by the mammal.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the exhaled gas is end-tidal hydrogen sulfide claim 4 , end-tidal carbon monoxide claim 4 , end-tidal carbon dioxide claim 4 , end-tidal hydrogen claim 4 , end-tidal nitric oxide claim 4 , or end-tidal nitrogen dioxide.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the computer is capable of providing information that alerts a user of the computer of a significant deviation of exhaled gas concentrations from predetermined exhaled gas ...

SUPRAGLOTTIC AIRWAY DEVICE WITH A DYNAMIC CUFF WITH SUPERIOR VENTILATING CAPABILITY

This invention is a device to be used with a system for supplying anaesthetic or respiratory gases into the airway of a human or an animal. This device is a supraglottic airway device, which includes a shaft with three tubes one for ventilation purpose and rest two for dynamic cuff inflation and other for suctioning purpose. The dynamic cuff is inflated by the gases supplied directly from the anaesthesia or ventilator circuit through a specialised adaptor via dynalumen. The “cuff inflation lumen” (“DynaLumen”) will also be having a locking mechanism to enable its use like a conventional LMA; i.e., the cuff can be left continuously inflated both during positive pressure ventilation as well as less during expiratory phase and during spontaneous respiration. 1) An airway device for insertion into the oral cavity comprising of a shaft , a proximal end , a distal end and a specialised connector{'b': 1', '2', '3, 'a) The body or “shaft” comprises of three cylindrical tube members (Tube , Tube , and Tube ) arranged with their long axes adjacent to each other.'}{'b': 1', '2, 'b) The proximal end of the shaft is connected to the mechanical ventilator/manual resuscitator through a specialised connector (“adapter”) through the proximal ends of the cylindrical tube members Tube and Tube .'}{'b': '2', 'c) The distal end of the shaft comprises of an almond shaped/elliptical ‘bowl’ mainly formed by the distal end of the Tube , which is surrounded by inflatable cuffs on its sides and at the rear.'}2121) The Tube as set forth in (a) , extends from the proximal end of the shaft , along the Tube (as set forth in (a)) till the distal end , where it terminates inside one or more inflatable cuffs as set forth in claim (c).321) The Tube as set forth in claim (a) extends from the proximal end of the shaft till the distal end , where it terminates forming an almond shaped/elliptical “bowl” which rests over the glottis when positioned in the patient's pharynx , enabling air exchange.43122) ...

NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY WITH CAPNOGRAPHY

The nasopharyngeal airway is a modified airway adjunct designed to facilitate proper ventilation when connected to an oxygenation system. The presently claimed invention ensures healthcare providers are able to obtain real-time information based on a patient's ventilation and breathing patterns and maximizes supplemental oxygen delivered to a patient, allowing him or her to breathe comfortably while connected to a breathing system. The nasopharyngeal airway with capnography prevents over-inflation of a patient's lungs, which can cause intense discomfort and further exacerbate medical issues, while also providing improved monitoring of a patient's breathing, thereby ensuring the patient is able to breathe properly and maintain the required oxygen levels. 1. A nasopharyngeal airway with capnography comprising:a. a main tube having a first end with a diameter equal to that of the tube, and a second flared end with a diameter greater than that of the main tube;b. a monitoring and oxygenation tube operably connected inside the main tube at a first end so that oxygen may be supplied to the main tube via the monitoring and oxygenation tube and a patient's breath may be monitored by a monitoring device by the monitoring and oxygenation tube; (i) one or more ridges around a circumference of a port end of the connection end; and', '(ii) two parallel grip tabs set opposing each other around a circumference of a tube end of the connection end,', 'wherein the connection end is operably connected at the tube end to a second end of the monitoring and oxygenation tube so that it can be removably plugged into a port on the monitoring device at the port end, thereby connecting the monitoring and oxygenation tube to the monitoring device., 'c. a connection end having'}2. The nasopharyngeal airway with capnography according to claim 1 , wherein the main tube comprises a soft plastic material or a rubber material.3. The nasopharyngeal airway with capnography according to claim 1 , ...

PHYSIOLOGICAL INFORMATION MEASURING APPARATUS, RESPIRATION INTERVAL DISPLAYING METHOD, AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM

A physiological information measuring apparatus includes: a display controller that, based on information indicating a respiration interval of a patient, is configured to produce a respiration interval graph in which a first axis indicates time information, and a second axis indicates a length of the respiration interval, and that is configured to control a displaying section to display the respiration interval graph, the display controller that is configured to reset a value of the second axis of the respiration interval graph, at each time when the respiration interval starts. 1. A physiological information measuring apparatus comprising:a display controller that, based on information indicating a respiration interval of a patient, is configured to produce a respiration interval graph in which a first axis indicates time information, and a second axis indicates a length of the respiration interval, and that is configured to control a displaying section to display the respiration interval graph,the display controller that is configured to reset a value of the second axis of the respiration interval graph, at each time when the respiration interval starts.2. The physiological information measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe display controller is configured to control the display section to display the respiration interval graph together with information indicating an abnormal value.3. The physiological information measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:a storage section that is configured to store a history of the respiration interval, whereinthe display controller is configured to get the history from the storage section, produce the respiration interval graph, and control the displaying section to display the respiration interval graph.4. The physiological information measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:an abnormality detector that is configured to determine whether the respiration interval detected ...

Oxygen face mask and component system

An oxygen face mask and component system is provided, the mask is designed to cover a user's nose and at least partially cover a user's mouth, the mask having lateral ports. Systems and assemblies including such a face mask and additional components are further provided, including a colorimetric CO 2 detector, a sealing cap with or without a resilient sealing flap, a capnography gas analysis unit, a non-rebreather valve, a pulmonary function module, nebulizer, a gas scavenging system, a gas reservoir system, a gas filter, sample lines that are either straight or at an angle, and an aerosol mask platform; and methods of making and using such a face mask are also provided.

Physiological parameter system

A physiological parameter system has one or more parameter inputs responsive to one or more physiological sensors. The physiological parameter system may also have quality indicators relating to confidence in the parameter inputs. A processor is adapted to combine the parameter inputs, quality indicators and predetermined limits for the parameters inputs and quality indicators so as to generate alarm outputs or control outputs or both.

CAPNOGRAPH SYSTEM FURTHER DETECTING SPONTANEOUS PATIENT BREATHS

A capnograph system may be used together with a ventilation system for a patient. The capnograph system may include a capnography module with a carbon dioxide detector, which may generate a carbon dioxide signal responsive to an amount of carbon dioxide detected within an air path of the ventilation system. A monitoring circuit may further detect a pressure within the air path. A processing component within the capnography module may generate a pressure signal responsive to the pressure detected in the air path. The pressure signal, alone or in combination with other signals such as the carbon dioxide signal, may be used to detect spontaneous breaths of the patient. 1. (canceled)2. A capnograph system configured to be used together with a ventilation system , the ventilation system including a gas source configured to expel repeated bursts of gas and an airway tube defining an air path that communicates with the gas source , the airway tube configured to be inserted in an airway of a patient so as to guide the bursts of gas as artificial inhalations to a lung of the patient , the capnograph system comprising: a cuvette configured to communicate with the air path, and', 'a pump configured to draw gas from the air path into the cuvette, the pump configured to receive a driving signal and operate responsive to the driving signal; and, 'a capnography module includinga monitoring circuit including a driving sensor configured to detect changes in the driving signal; anda processor configured to detect spontaneous breaths of the patient based at least in part on changes in the driving signal.3. The capnography system of claim 2 , wherein the driving sensor is configured to detect a voltage at a power node of the pump to detect changes in the driving signal.4. The capnography system of claim 2 , wherein the driving sensor is configured to detect a current of a conductor attached to the pump to detect changes in the driving signal.5. The capnography system of claim 2 , ...

Monitoring System for Identifying an End-Exhalation Carbon Dioxide Value of Enhanced Clinical Utility

A medical monitoring system for identifying an end-exhalation carbon dioxide value of enhanced clinical utility is described herein. The medical monitoring system can include a capnometer for generating an output corresponding to a time-series of exhaled carbon dioxide values from a patient during an exhalation and a processor programmed to analyze the exhalation. In some examples, the processor can also be programmed to identify a peak carbon dioxide value at an end of the exhalation, determine if the peak carbon dioxide value may have been higher if the exhalation had been prolonged, and provide an output responsive to said determination. 1. A medical monitoring system for identifying an end-exhalation carbon dioxide value of enhanced clinical utility comprising:a capnometer for generating an output corresponding to a time-series of exhaled carbon dioxide values from a patient during an exhalation; analyze the exhalation;', 'identify a peak carbon dioxide value at an end of the exhalation;', 'determine if the peak carbon dioxide value may have been higher if the exhalation had been prolonged; and', 'provide an output responsive to said determination., 'a processor programmed to2. The medical monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is programmed to analyze the exhalation by analyzing a plateau of the exhalation.3. The medical monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is programmed to analyze a slope of the plateau of the exhalation.4. The medical monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is programmed to determine that the peak carbon dioxide value may have been higher if the peak carbon dioxide value occurs at an end of a positive slope of the plateau.5. The medical monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the system includes a sensor for indicating a presence of exhaled flow claim 1 , the processor being programmed to determine that the peak carbon dioxide value may have been higher if the exhalation flow did not fall to about ...

Oxygen-capnography mask for continuous co2 monitoring

A face mask for delivering oxygen to, and sampling carbon dioxide exhaled from, a subject includes a partition wall that divides the mask into a subject respiratory space that primarily contains carbon dioxide exhaled by the subject, and an oxygen reservoir space that primarily contain oxygen. The partition wall includes one or two holes to which naris conduits are respectively connected. The naris conduit are positioned in proximity to the subject's nares to closely obtain carbon dioxide samples. The naris conduits enable oxygen to flow from the oxygen reservoir space to the subject respiratory space during inhalation, while quickly expelling traces of CO2, and they configured such that exhaled CO2 quickly fills them up, during exhalation, and while expelling oxygen traces back to the oxygen reservoir space. During exhalation.

PREDICTION APPARATUS AND PREDICTION SYSTEM

A prediction apparatus includes a sensor for detecting a biological gas and a lifelog acquisition unit configured to acquire a lifelog. The prediction apparatus further includes a controller configured to predict a diet effect on the basis of information about the biological gas detected by the sensor and the lifelog acquired by the lifelog acquisition unit. 1. A prediction apparatus comprising:a sensor for detecting a biological gas;a lifelog acquisition unit configured to acquire a lifelog; anda controller configured to predict a diet effect on the basis of information about the biological gas detected by the sensor and the lifelog acquired by the lifelog acquisition unit.2. The prediction apparatus according to claim 1 ,further comprising a memory,wherein the memory stores data indicating a correlation of the information about the biological gas and the lifelog with the diet effect, andthe controller predicts the diet effect by matching the information about the biological gas and the lifelog to the data.3. The prediction apparatus according to claim 1 ,further comprising a notification interface,wherein the controller causes the notification interface to notify a predicted diet effect.4. A prediction system comprising:a detection apparatus and a prediction apparatus,wherein the detection apparatus includes a sensor for detecting a biological gas, a lifelog acquisition unit configured to acquire a lifelog, and a communication interface for transmitting information about the biological gas detected by the sensor and the lifelog acquired by the lifelog acquisition unit to the prediction apparatus, andthe prediction apparatus includes a communication interface for receiving the information and the lifelog from the detection apparatus and a controller configured to predict a diet effect on the basis of the information and the lifelog.5. The prediction system according to claim 4 ,wherein the prediction apparatus further includes a memory,the memory stores data ...

VOLUMETRIC CAPNOGRAPHY

A capnographic system, the system comprising one or more processors configured to: (i) receive an initial capnographic measurement from a breath monitoring device, at least when the breath monitoring device is attached to a patient, (ii) receive a primary value of at least one attribute, other than the initial capnographic measurement, characteristic of the patient, (iii) assign, from a database containing at least one set of secondary values corresponding to primary values of the at least one attribute, a secondary value corresponding to the primary value of the at least one attribute, and (iv) calculating, based on a combination of the initial capnographic measurement and the secondary value, a refined capnographic measurement. 1. A capnographic system comprising one or more processors configured to:receive an initial capnographic measurement from a breath monitoring device, at least when said breath monitoring device is attached to a patient;receive a primary value of at least one attribute, other than said initial capnographic measurement, characteristic of said patient;receive, from a database containing at least one set of secondary values assigned to primary values of said at least one attribute, a secondary value corresponding to the primary value of said at least one attribute; andcalculate, based on a combination of said initial capnographic measurement and said secondary value, a refined capnographic measurement.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises the breath monitoring device comprising a sensor configured to obtain the initial capnographic measurement from the patient.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises a display configured to display at least one of said initial capnographic measurement and said refined capnographic measurement.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the at least one of said initial capnographic measurement and said refined capnographic measurement is displayed in the form of a chart or a diagram ...

INTERCEPT SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

A controlled substance Intercept system for collecting and detecting levels of one or more controlled substances in the breath of a subject and intercepting electric operation of a device, comprising: a sample capture module; a THC identification module; and an intercept module. The THC identification module sends an electric or optical signal to the intercept module if a level of controlled substance present in a sample captured in the sample capture, module exceeds a set threshold, for use in applications to enable or disable operation of equipment such as motor vehicles and construction equipment, and to enable or disable access to locations where impairment would pose a hazard, such as air or marine traffic control centers. 1. A controlled substance intercept system for detecting levels of one or more controlled substances in the breath of a subject and intercepting electric operation of a device , comprising:a sample capture module;a THC identification module; andan intercept module; wherein the THC identification module sends an electric or optical signal to the intercept module if a level of controlled substance present in a sample captured in the sample capture module exceeds a set threshold.2. The controlled substance intercept system of claim 1 , further comprising an indicator module.3. The controlled substance intercept system of claim 2 , wherein the indicator module is selected front the group of indicators comprising: lights claim 2 , display assemblies claim 2 , sirens claim 2 , horns claim 2 , speakers claim 2 , and vibrating devices.4. The controlled substance intercept system of claim 1 , wherein the sample capture module comprises means for removal of water from the breath claim 1 , means for measuring the volume of the breath claim 1 , and valve means for preventing withdrawal of the breath sample by the subject during inhalation.5. The controlled substance detection system of claim 1 , wherein the THC identification module comprises a ...

SELECTION, SEGMENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF EXHALED BREATH FOR AIRWAY DISORDERS ASSESSMENT

Methods and systems are described to automatically obtain and analyze a lung airway gas sample from the breath of a person for compositional analysis. These techniques may provide an improved method for example for accurately and reliably measuring nitric oxide for asthma assessment in young children and non-cognizant patients. 1. An apparatus for analyzing nitric oxide levels in breath , comprising:a breathing sensor to measure a breathing pattern parameter;a breath sampling system comprising a plurality of valves to isolate sections of the breath gas sampling system;a first processor containing executable instructions for analyzing breathing pattern parameters of a plurality of breaths;a second processor containing executable instructions for establishing, based on the analyzed breathing pattern parameters of the plurality of breaths, a breathing pattern parameter criteria that delineates between a physiologically representative breath and a physiologically non-representative breath;a third processor containing executable instructions for determining whether a breathing pattern parameter of a breath, exhaled after the plurality of breaths, meets the breathing pattern parameter criteria;a fourth processor containing executable instructions for, in response to a determination that a breathing pattern parameter of the breath meets the breathing pattern parameter criteria, delineating at least a first section of the breath, a second section of the breath, and a third section of the breath, wherein the first section of breath is exhaled before the second section of breath and the second section of breath is exhaled before the third section of breath;a fifth processor containing executable instructions for controlling the plurality of valves to isolate the first section of breath, second section of breath, and third section of breath from each other; andan analyzer to analyze nitric oxide levels in at least one of the second section of the breath and the third section ...

GAS SAMPLING LINE

A gas sampling line having a channel for conducting respiratory gases from a patient respiratory interface to a gas monitor, the gas sampling line comprising, i.a., a gas sampling tube comprised of a polyether block amide material, the polyether segments of which comprise polyethyleneoxide. Use of a tube comprised of a polyether block amide material, the polyether segments of which comprise polyethyleneoxide, for sampling of respiratory gases; and a method for sampling of respiratory gases, the method comprising conducting respiratory gases through such a tube. A gas analysis system for analysing respiratory gases, comprising a gas sampling line as defined above and a gas monitor connectable to the gas sampling line. 2. The gas sampling line according to claim 1 , wherein the polyamide segments of the first polyether block amide material comprises polyamide-12 claim 1 , polyamide-11 or polyamide-12.12 claim 1 , preferably polyamide-12.3. The gas sampling line according to or claim 1 , wherein the first polyether block amide material comprises polyether segments and polyamide segments in a ratio of polyether to polyamide from about 60:40 to about 40:60 claim 1 , preferably from about 60:40 to about 50:50.5. The gas sampling line according to claim 4 , wherein the polyamide segments of the second polyether block amide material comprises polyamide-12 claim 4 , polyamide-11 or polyamide-12.12 claim 4 , preferably polyamide-12.6. The gas sampling line according to or claim 4 , wherein the second polyether block amide material comprises polyether segments and polyamide segments in a ratio of polyether to polyamide from about 60:40 to about 40:60 claim 4 , preferably from about 60:40 to about 50:50.7. The gas sampling line according to any one of to claim 4 , wherein the drying assembly extends along the outside of a member defining the channel.8. The gas sampling line according to any one of to claim 4 , wherein the drying assembly further comprises a hydrophobic member ...

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CO2 MONITORING

The present invention relates to a device, system and method for CO2 monitoring. To enable continuous monitoring at low cost and in a simple manner, the device comprises a signal input () for obtaining one or more monitoring signals () of a monitored area, a breathing monitor () for determining one or more breathing parameters () of one or more subjects present in the monitored area from the obtained one or more monitoring signals, and a CO2 estimation unit () for estimating the CO2 level () in the monitored area based on the determined one or more breathing parameters. 1. A device for CO2 monitoring comprising:a signal input configured to receive one or more monitoring signals of a monitored area, said monitoring signals being comprised in image data of the monitored area;a breathing monitor configured to determine one or more breathing parameters of one or more subjects present in the monitored area from the one or more monitoring signals, anda CO2 estimation unit configured to estimate a change in the CO2 level in the monitored area from a change in the determined one or more breathing parameters.2. The device according to wherein the CO2 estimation unit is configured to estimate an increase in CO2 level when it observes positive change in at least one of breathing rate and breathing volume.3. The device according to wherein the breathing monitor is further configured to establish baseline breathing parameters by obtaining an average breathing rate over an initial period and wherein the CO2 estimation unit estimates the CO2 by comparison of the one or more breathing parameters to said baseline.4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein said breathing monitor is configured to separately determine one or more breathing parameters for two or more subjects present in the monitored area and to identify changes of one or more breathing parameters for the two or more subjects separately andwherein said CO2 estimation unit is configured to estimate the absolute CO2 ...

DETERMINATION OF ARTERIAL CO2 PARTIAL PRESSURE

A method of estimating the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood of a patient comprises determining an arterial oxygen saturation for a patient, determining a breathing gas carbon dioxide value, and determining breathing gas oxygen value. The method further includes calculating an arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure for the patient based on at least the arterial oxygen saturation value, the breathing gas carbon dioxide value, and the breathing gas oxygen value for the patient. 1. A method of estimating the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood of a patient , the method comprising:determining an arterial oxygen saturation value for a patient;determining a breathing gas carbon dioxide value;determining a breathing gas oxygen value; andcalculating an arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure for the patient based on at least the arterial oxygen saturation value, the breathing gas carbon dioxide value, and the breathing gas oxygen value for the patient.2. The method of wherein calculating the arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure includes determining an oxygen pressure difference between the breathing gas oxygen value and the arterial oxygen saturation value.3. The method of wherein determining the arterial oxygen saturation value includes measuring the arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation for the patient and then calculating an arterial blood oxygen partial pressure.4. The method of wherein determining the breathing gas oxygen value includes employing a breathing gas analyzer to measure an oxygen pressure in the breathing gas inspired by the patient.5. The method of wherein determining the breathing gas carbon dioxide value includes employing a breathing gas analyzer to measure a peak carbon dioxide partial pressure in the breathing gas expired by the patient.6. The method of wherein calculating the arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure includes subtracting the arterial blood oxygen partial pressure from ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR QUANTIFICATION OF, AND PREDICTION OF SMOKING BEHAVIOR

Systems and methods for monitoring of biometric and contextual variables to assist in screening for, quantification of, and prediction of smoking behavior, and for assisting in smoking cessation are described. 125.-. (canceled)26. A method of preparing a program to cease smoking for a patient who smokes , the method comprising:measuring at least one biological indicator determinative of whether the patient smoked;capturing a plurality of patient data, where the patient data comprises information correlated in time to when the patient smoked;combining at least one of the plurality of patient data and at least one biological indicator to determine a smoking behavior model of the patient during a first testing period;assessing the smoking behavior model to assess a degree of intervention required for a quit program;providing a summary report of the smoking behavior model and the degree of intervention.27. A system for deterring a patient from smoking , the system comprising:a sensor for measuring at least one biological indicator determinative of whether the patient smoked;a data collecting device configured to capture a plurality of patient data, where the patient data comprises information correlated in time to when the patient smoked;a processor in communication with the sensor and data collecting device, the processor configured to compile the plurality of patient data and at least one biological indicator to determine a smoking behavior model of the patient over a first testing period;the processor configured to generate at least one perturbation signal before a second testing period, and where the processor analyzes at least one of the patient data captured over the second testing period to determine a tested smoking behavior; andwhere the processor compares the tested smoking behavior to the model smoking behavior to determine whether the patient was deterred from smoking.28. A method for deterring a patient from smoking , the method comprising:measuring at ...

SENSOR DEVICES AND SYSTEMS FOR MONITORING MARKERS IN BREATH

The disclosure relates to devices, systems and methods for detecting markers in breath, more specifically volatile and non-volatile markers associated with pulmonary diseases such as, for example, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or cystic fibrosis (CF), in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). 1. An article for measuring a disease marker in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) comprising ,(a) a vehicle chamber containing a vehicle for a probe;(b) an auxiliary chamber that is physically separated from the vehicle chamber via a first separator, wherein the auxiliary chamber contains the probe that is specific to the marker;(c) a reaction chamber that is physically separated from the vehicle chamber or the auxiliary chamber or both the reaction chamber and the auxiliary chamber via a second separator, wherein the reaction chamber contains an surface for detection of the interaction between the probe and the marker; and(d) a detector for detecting a signal issued from said reaction chamber.2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the marker is hydrogen peroxide (HO) or a derivative thereof selected from peroxide anion (O) claim 1 , or a peroxide radical (.OH).3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the probe comprises a marker-reactive chemical and a dye.4. The article of claim 3 , wherein the dye is activated by a product of the reaction between the marker and the marker-reactive chemical.5. The article of claim 4 , wherein the dye is activated in situ.6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the marker is HOand the probe comprises HO-reactive chemical and a dye.7. The article of claim 6 , wherein the reactive chemical is bis(2 claim 6 ,4 claim 6 ,6-trichlorophenyl) oxalate claim 6 , bis(2-carbopentyloxy-3 claim 6 ,5 claim 6 ,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate claim 6 , oxalic acid bis[2 claim 6 ,4 claim 6 ,5-trichloro-6-(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl]ester claim 6 , bis(2-itrophenyl) oxalate claim 6 , bis(2 claim 6 ,4-dinitrophenyl) oxalate claim 6 , bis(2 claim 6 ,6-dichloro-4- ...

SYSTEMS, APPARATUS, AND METHODS RELATED TO MODELING, MONITORING, AND/OR MANAGING METABOLISM

Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism of a subject include measuring a respiratory quotient (RQ) level in a subject and/or optimizing and executing a nonlinear feedback model to model energy substrate utilization in the subject based on at least one of a macronutrient composition and caloric value of food consumed by the subject, an intensity and duration of activity by the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of glycogen storage in the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of de novo lipogenesis in the subject, a quality and duration of sleep by the subject, and/or an RQ level in the subject. 1. An apparatus for measuring a respiratory quotient (RQ) level in a subject , the apparatus comprising:a first input port for receiving respired air from the subject;a measurement chamber for receiving the respired air from the first input port, the measurement chamber being in fluid communication with the first input port;a first sensor located in the measurement chamber, the first sensor for measuring a series of oxygen levels in the measurement chamber;a second sensor located in the measurement chamber, the second sensor for measuring a series of carbon dioxide levels in the measurement chamber at a temporal rate sufficient to ascertain a respiration rate of the subject;at least one output interface;at least one memory for storing processor-executable instructions, the series of oxygen level measurements, and the series of carbon dioxide level measurements; and obtains a first portion of the series of carbon dioxide level measurements;', 'determines a first respiration rate based on the first portion of the series of carbon dioxide level measurements;', 'iterates steps of obtaining a subsequent portion of the series of carbon dioxide level measurements, determining a subsequent respiration rate based on the subsequent portion of the series of carbon dioxide level measurements, and comparing the subsequent respiration ...

SENSOR FOR ANALYTES IN A FLUID AND RELATED METHOD

According to one aspect of the invention, the apparatus comprises a fluid collecting device configured to receive a sample of breath; a conditioning device coupled to the fluid collecting device and configured to receive the sample of breath and condition the sample with respect to at least one of temperature, flow rate, pressure, humidity, and concentration; and a sensing device coupled to the conditioning device and configured to receive the conditioned sample, wherein the sensing device includes a nanoparticle-based sensor and further whereby the analyte interacts with the sensing device to cause a change that is sensed by the sensing device and wherein the change comprises information useful in characterizing the analyte. Preferably, the apparatus is hand-held and characterizing the analyte is useful for health monitoring. 1. An apparatus for sensing an analyte in breath , the apparatus comprising:a fluid collecting device configured to receive a sample of breath;a conditioning device coupled to the fluid collecting device and configured to receive the sample of breath and condition the sample with respect to at least one of temperature, flow rate, pressure, humidity, and concentration;a sensing device coupled to the conditioning device and configured to receive the conditioned sample, wherein the sensing device includes a nanoparticle-based sensor;whereby the analyte interacts with the sensing device to cause a change that is sensed by the sensing device and wherein the change comprises information useful in characterizing the analyte.2. The apparatus of wherein the apparatus is hand-held.3. The apparatus of wherein the conditioning device is disposed in a hand-held apparatus and conditions for humidity.4. The apparatus of wherein the conditioning device is disposed in a hand-held apparatus and conditions for concentration.5. The apparatus of wherein the conditioning device is disposed in a hand-held apparatus and conditions for flowrate and pressure.6. The ...

METHODS FOR IMMUNE GLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION

Methods for administering immune globulin and devices for use thereof. The methods may generally include measuring a patient's hemolysis levels and determining whether the patient is suitable for immune globulin treatment, determining whether immune globulin treatment should be continued, and/or determining if the dose needs to be changed. 1. A method of adjusting immune globulin administration to a patient , comprising:administering a dose of immune globulin to the patient;monitoring hemolysis in the patient; andadjusting the dose of administered immune globulin based on the monitored hemolysis.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring the hemolysis in the patient comprises obtaining an end-tidal carbon monoxide level from the patient according to a monitoring protocol claim 1 , and wherein adjusting the dose of administered immune globulin comprises adjusting the dose based on the end-tidal carbon monoxide level.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the monitoring protocol comprises obtaining the end-tidal carbon monoxide level from the patient at a set time after immune globulin administration.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the set time is about 15 minutes.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the set time is about 30 minutes and wherein the immune globulin is administered intramuscularly.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the monitoring protocol comprises obtaining the end-tidal carbon monoxide level from the patient at set intervals during immune globulin administration.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein obtaining the end-tidal carbon monoxide level from the patient at set intervals comprises obtaining the end-tidal carbon monoxide level from the patient every hour.8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the monitoring protocol comprises obtaining the end-tidal carbon monoxide level from the patient when the dose of administered immune globulin is changed.9. The method of claim 2 , wherein the monitoring protocol comprises obtaining the end-tidal carbon monoxide ...

AUTOMATED INTERPRETIVE MEDICAL CARE SYSTEM AND METHODOLOGY

Improved apparatus and methods for monitoring, diagnosing and treating at least one medical respiratory condition of a patient are provided, including a medical data input interface adapted to provide at least one medical parameter relating at least to the respiration of the patient, and a medical parameter interpretation functionality () adapted to receive the at least one medical parameter relating at least to the respiration () of the patient and to provide at least one output indication () relating to a degree of severity of at least one medical condition indicated by the at least one medical parameter. 167-. (canceled)68. A method for identifying a degree of severity of a respiratory disorder of a patient , the method comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'receiving, from a capnograph, a COwaveform indicative of partial-pressure COvalues of the patient at consecutive time intervals;'}receiving from a second sensing unit a second signal, and computing at least one additional parameter based on the second signal; [{'sub': 2', '2, 'computing at least one parameter relating to the COwaveform selected from the group consisting of: slope of a COconcentration curve, an angle of rise, a time to rise, run time of the rise, curvature, acceleration, area under the curve, and any combination of these parameters;'}, {'sub': '2', 'determining a change in the at least one parameter relating to the COwaveform over the consecutive time intervals;'}, 'determining a change in the at least one additional parameter over the consecutive time intervals;', {'sub': '2', 'identifying an improvement, lack of change or deterioration in a respiratory status based on the determined change in the at least one parameter relating to the COwaveform;'}, {'sub': 2', '2, 'identifying an improvement, lack of change or deterioration in a vital sign of said patient based on the determined change in the at least one additional parameter and on a change in end-tidal CO(EtCO) values obtained over the consecutive ...

NEONATAL CARBON DIOXIDE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

A breath parameter measuring device is described which takes into account breathing patterns which historically have been incompatible with accurate measurements. In particular, during fast breathing patterns, the sensor performing the measurement may not be able to respond quickly enough to provide the true reading. The disclosure may be useful for example in the case of neonatal breath carbon dioxide measurements. 1. A method of measuring a breath analyte comprising:monitoring a series of breaths with a first sensor;determining a plurality of breath segments of the series of breaths to capture, wherein each of the plurality of breath segments comprises a duration in the first sensor shorter than an analyte response time of the first sensor;collecting the plurality of breath segments together; andmeasuring an analyte concentration of the collection of breath segments using a second sensor, wherein the collection of breath segments comprises a duration longer than a response time of the second sensor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are the same sensor.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are both capable of measuring the analyte.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring the series of breaths comprises monitoring each breath's breath rate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring the series of breath comprises monitoring each breath's capnometry signal.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining a plurality of breath segments of the series of breaths to capture comprises identifying breaths with a normal end-tidal profile.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining a plurality of breath segments of the series of breaths to capture comprises excluding one or more of a non-steady state breath claim 1 , an episodic breath claim 1 , and an erratic breath.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte is CO.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor is an infrared ...

UNIVERSAL BREATH SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS DEVICE

A breath analysis device is described which obtains a desired segment of one or more breaths, and analyzes that or those samples for compositional analysis. A pneumatic control system may obtain these segments homogeneously, may reduce the amount of gases included from other segments of the breath, and may reduce mixing with other segments once obtained. These pneumatic control systems can be used for on-board compositional analysis, or for modular or off-board compositional analysis. 1. A system to measure a level of an analyte in a gas sample of exhaled breath , the system comprising:a pump to draw a flow of gas from a patient;a breathing detector to measure a breathing signal in the flow of gas;a main channel from the breathing detector to the pump;a branch channel in parallel with the main channel, wherein the branch channel connects to the main channel at both ends such that gas drawn through the branch channel can bypass a first portion of the main channel;an analyte composition sensor fluidly connected to the branch channel;an exhaust downstream of the pump, wherein gas drawn through the branch channel exits through the exhaust, and wherein gas drawn through the first portion of the main channel exits through the exhaust;a processor that determines an acceptable breath based on the breathing signal and determines a location of a desired section of the acceptable breath based on the breathing signal; anda control system to divert the desired section of breath to the channel and the analyte sensor.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein a subsection of the bypass channel is isolatable and removable so that the desired section of breath can be captured and removed from the system.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the analyte composition sensor is positioned in a side channel of the bypass channel.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the analyte sensor is positioned inside the channel.5. The system of claim 1 , a three-way valve on the upstream end of the bypass ...

Luer Connectors

Luer connector including a primary Luer male connector having a secondary female section extending from a top distal part of the primary Luer male connector back towards a proximal part thereof, the primary Luer male connector including a first inner fluid flow channel extending from a proximal end thereof to the secondary female section, the primary Luer male connector being configured to mate with a primary Luer female connector having a secondary male section including a second inner fluid flow channel. 1. A Luer connector for use in a respiratory gas sampling and/or delivery tubing systems , the connector comprising:a primary Luer male connector, having a form of a tapered cone comprising a secondary female section extending from a top distal part of said primary Luer male connector back towards a proximal part thereof, wherein said primary Luer male connector comprises an inner fluid flow channel extending along its length from a proximal end thereof to and in fluid flow connection with said secondary female section, wherein said inner fluid flow channel has a diameter of approximately d1,wherein when said primary Luer male connector mates with a primary Luer female connector having a secondary male section, said secondary male section is at least partially inserted into said secondary female section, thereby extending said inner fluid flow channel of diameter d1 throughout said primary Luer male connector and said primary Luer female connector, such that a laminar flow and an undisturbed waveform is maintained throughout said primary Luer male connector and said primary Luer female connector.2. A Luer connector for use in a respiratory gas sampling and/or delivery tubing systems , the connector comprising:a primary Luer female connector having a form of a tapered cone, wherein at its deepest point, the tapered cone inverts back into a secondary male section and returns into a void of said primary Luer female connector, wherein said secondary male section ...

SLEEP MONITORING

A sleep monitoring system () for monitoring the sleep of a subject is disclosed. The system comprises a COsensor () and a processor () communicatively coupled to the COsensor, wherein the processor is adapted to monitor a COconcentration from sensor data produced by the COsensor; and derive sleep pattern information from the monitored COconcentration, wherein the sleep pattern information comprises at least an indication that the subject is awake and an indication that the subject is asleep. A sleep monitoring method and computer program product are also disclosed. 1. A sleep monitoring system for monitoring the sleep of a subject , comprising a COsensor and a processor communicatively coupled to the COsensor , wherein the processor is adapted to:{'sub': 2', '2, 'monitor a COconcentration from sensor data produced by the COsensor;'}{'sub': '2', 'derive sleep pattern information from the monitored COconcentration, wherein the sleep pattern information comprises at least an indication that the subject is awake and an indication that the subject is asleep;'}wherein;the processor is further adapted to:{'sub': '2', 'provide an indication that the subject is awake when a rate of increase in the monitored COconcentration is greater than a first threshold; and'}{'sub': '2', 'provide an indication that the subject is asleep when the rate of increase in the monitored COconcentration is below the first threshold, optionally wherein the processor is adapted to determine the first threshold by in situ calibration of the sleep monitoring system.'}2. The sleep monitoring system of claim 1 , further comprising a further sensor for producing an indication that the subject is attempting to sleep claim 1 , wherein the processor is adapted to derive sleep pattern information from sensor data produced by the COsensor and the further sensor claim 1 , optionally wherein the further sensor is a light sensor claim 1 , a sound sensor or a user interface sensor.3. The sleep monitoring system ...

METHOD AND AN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING ACETONE CONCENTRATIONS IN BREATH

The present invention relates to a method and device for measuring acetone concentrations in breath. Measuring acetone concentrations is based on changes the spectral properties of the fluorophore caused by the chemical interaction of a specific fluorophore with the exhaled air containing acetone which. 1. A method of measuring acetone in a subject's breath , said method comprises obtaining a sample of the subject's breath; combining said sample with a fluorophore that exhibits a change in fluorophore spectral properties upon interaction with acetone and allowing any acetone in said sample to interact with said fluorophore; and determining an amount of acetone in said sample based on alteration of spectral properties of said fluorophore , wherein said acetone being detected directly chemically interacts with the fluorophore and any change in said fluorophore spectral properties is from the direct chemical interaction of said acetone with said fluorophore , and wherein the detection does not involve any intermediate chemical reactions of acetone with anything else other than the fluorophore.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorophores is selected from the group consisting of Nile Red claim 1 , Badan (6-Bromoacetyl-2-Dimethylaminonaphthalene) claim 1 , Prodan (1-[6-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-2-yl]propan-1-one) claim 1 , Laurdan (6-Dodecanoyl-N claim 1 ,N-dimethyl-2-naphthylamine) claim 1 , and derivatives thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorophore is immobilized on the surface of a substrate.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said substrate is selected from the group consisting of fused silica claim 3 , quartz claim 3 , PMMA claim 3 , polyethylene claim 3 , fluoride-doped polyethylene or PMMA claim 3 , optical glass and silica gels.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alteration of spectral properties is determined by comparing the fluorescence spectrum measured in the presence of the sample with a reference of the fluorescence spectrum shape ...

PATTERN RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR QUANTIFYING THE LIKELIHOOD OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF MULTIPLE POSSIBLE FORMS OF CHRONIC DISEASE TO PATIENT REPORTED DYSPNEA

Systems and methods for quantifying the likelihood of the contribution of multiple possible forms of chronic disease to patient reported dyspnea can include the testing protocol having a flow/volume loop, performed at rest, flowed by the measurement of cardiopulmonary exercise gas exchange variables during rest, exercise and recovery as unique data sets. The data sets are analyzed using feature extraction steps to produce a pictorial image consisting of disease silos displaying the likelihood of the contribution of various chronic diseases to patient reported dyspnea. In some embodiments, the silos are split into subclass silos. In some embodiments, multiple chronic disease indexes are used to differentiate between sub-types of a particular chronic disease (e.g., differentiating WHO 1 PH from WHO 2 or WHO 3 PH). Test results are plotted serially to provide feedback to the physician on the efficacy of therapy provided to the patient. 1. A method for characterizing contributions of physiological conditions to dyspnea in a patient comprising:receiving gas exchange measurements that are based on breath-by-breath data captured during a gas exchange test on a patient;determining, using a machine learning classifier, a plurality of contribution values that are each associated with a different physiological condition, wherein the plurality of contribution values are numeric values based on the gas exchange measurements, wherein at least one of the contribution values is based on the gas exchange data and each of the plurality of contribution values corresponds to a strength of evidence that the associated physiological condition contributes to dyspnea in the patient; andoutputting the plurality of contribution values to indicate the strength of evidence of the associated physiological conditions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas exchange test includes an exercise phase during which the patient performs exercise and a rest phase that precedes the exercise phase and ...

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THERMAL CAPNOGRAPHY

A device for measuring a concentration of a component in a target sample includes a flow chamber with a first channel that receives a reference sample having a known concentration of the component. The flow chamber also includes a second channel that receives the target sample having an unknown concentration of the component. A pump operates to pump the reference sample and the target sample at a same volume flow rate through the first and second channels, respectively. A thermal mass flow meter measures a thermal conductivity of the reference sample, a thermal conductivity of the target sample, or both. 1. A device for measuring a concentration of a component in a target sample , the device comprising:a flow chamber comprising a first channel configured to receive a reference sample having a known concentration of the component and a second channel configured to receive the target sample having an unknown concentration of the component;at least one pump configured to pump the reference sample and the target sample, at a same volume flow rate, through the first and second channels, respectively; andat least a first thermal mass flowmeter configured to measure a thermal conductivity of the reference sample, a thermal conductivity of the target sample, or both.2. The device of claim 1 , comprising a second thermal mass flow meter claim 1 , wherein the first thermal mass flow meter is configured to measure the thermal conductivity of the reference sample claim 1 , and the second thermal mass flow meter is configured to measure the thermal conductivity of the target sample.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the pump is a dual-chamber piezoelectric pump.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target sample is exhaled breath and wherein the component is CO.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the reference sample is ambient air.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is incorporated into a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device.7. The device of claim 1 , ...

AIRCRAFT OCCUPANT HEALTH, SAFETY, AND COMFORT MANAGEMENT

An aircraft occupant health, safety, and comfort management is disclosed. In one embodiment, an aircraft occupant, seated in an aircraft occupant seat in an aircraft, substantially around the aircraft occupant seat is monitored for health, safety and comfort information using at least one sensor disposed in the aircraft occupant seat and/or substantially around the aircraft occupant seat. Further, background auditory, electrical noise, temperature and mechanical vibration associated with the aircraft occupant seat is measured using the at least one sensor. The health, safety and comfort information associated with the aircraft occupant is then obtained using the monitored health safety and comfort information and the measured background electrical noise and mechanical vibration. Health, safety and comfort of the aircraft occupant are then managed based on the obtained health, safety and comfort information. 1. A method for aircraft occupant health , safety and comfort management , comprising:monitoring an aircraft occupant seated in an aircraft occupant seat in an aircraft, substantially around the aircraft occupant seat for health, safety, alertness/sleepiness, and comfort information using at least one sensor disposed in the aircraft occupant seat and/or substantially around the aircraft occupant seat;measuring background electrical noise, audible noise, and mechanical vibration associated with the aircraft occupant seat using the at least one sensor;obtaining the health, safety and comfort information associated with the aircraft occupant using the monitored health, safety and comfort information and the measured background electrical noise and mechanical vibration; andmanaging health, safety and comfort of the aircraft occupant based on the obtained health, safety and comfort information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein managing health claim 1 , safety and comfort of the aircraft occupant claim 1 , comprises:sending an alert to crew, by displaying the health, ...