МНОГОТРУБНЫЙ РЕАКТОР С ОПУСКАЮЩЕЙСЯ ПЛЕНКОЙ ДЛЯ НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО СУЛЬФИРОВАНИЯ И/ИЛИ СУЛЬФАТИРОВАНИЯ ЖИДКОГО ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ВЕЩЕСТВА

Многотрубный реактор (МТР) с опускающейся пленкой для непрерывного изготовления сульфированных и/или сульфатированных продуктов, использующий газообразную разбавленную трехокись серы (SO3(разб.)) для получения поверхностно-активных реагентов или просто поверхностно-активных веществ, применяется в косметической промышленности и промышленности моющих средств. Каждый отдельный сопловой комплект содержит охватывающую часть (19) и другую половину (45) на охватываемой части (10). Охватываемая часть (10) образует вместе с охватывающей частью (19) кольцевую щель (21) с постоянной и хорошо ограниченной при всех рабочих условиях длиной (47), которая вместе с фиксированным отверстием/шириной определяет индивидуальный перепад давления в щели и вследствие этого индивидуальный расход органики. При таком устройстве достигается технический результат - полностью однородное распределение органического питания при отсутствии необходимости в калибровке. 7 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

СПОСОБ КОНТАКТИРОВАНИЯ ГАЗА И ЖИДКОСТИ И АППАРАТ ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Использование: в химической технологий. Способ состоит в том, что газ и жидкость подают в нижнюю часть вертикальной трубы, процесс ведут в три или более последовательных стадии, причем первую и последнюю стадии осуществляют в режиме устойчивого восходящего прямотока, а средние одну или несколько стадий осуществляют в режиме инверсии фаз (т.е. в режиме захлебывания). Предпочтительные скорости газа определяются соотношениями: для первой и последней стадии w1 = (1oC2)w0; w0 = 3,13(D•ρж/ρг)0,5; для средних стадий wc = (0, 5oC1,0)w0, для снижения уноса брызг в последней стадии предпочтительна скорость газа wп = (1oC1,25)•w0. При указанных условиях повышается эффективность процессов переноса. Аппарат включает три или более вертикальные рабочие трубы, нижний узел ввода газа и жидкости, верхний узел вывода газа и жидкости, рабочие трубы соединены последовательно коническими переходами, диаметр первой (нижней) трубы и диаметр средней трубы Dc находятся в соотношении D1/Dc = 0,55oC0,95. Предпочтительные ...

АППАРАТ ДЛЯ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ЖИДКОСТИ И ГАЗА

... 1. Аппарат для взаимодействия жидкости и газа, выполненный в виде прямоугольной камеры, в нижней части которой расположен ряд переливных ванн, а над ваннами расположен ряд смачиваемых в ваннах, движущихся в вертикальной плоскости, бесконечных элементов в виде лент, имеющих уплотнения у стенок камеры, отличающийся тем, что ленты выполнены в виде сеток, а газовый поток пронизывает пленки жидкости на сетках в направлении, перпендикулярном поверхности сеток. 2. Аппарат по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в свободном пространстве между вертикальными сетками размещены источники облучения поверхности контакта жидкости и газа в ультрафиолетовом, видимом или инфракрасном диапазоне -в зависимости от процессов, осуществляемых в аппарате.

СПОСОБ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ ИЛИ НАГРЕВА ТЕРМОЛАБИЛЬНЫХ ЖИДКОСТЕЙ В ТОНКОЙ ПЛЕНКЕ

Изобретение относится к химической технологии, а конкретно к химическим превращениям и процессам нагрева жидкостей в тонких пленках. Предложен способ проведения химической реакции с повышенной селективностью, а также способ термической обработки (нагрев, испарение) термолабильных веществ без их деструкции. Осуществление указанных процессов в жидкостной пленке возможно при существенном выравнивании профиля скорости по толщине пленки (а, следовательно, и времени пребывания в реакционной зоне ее отдельных слоев) за счет наличия между стенкой аппарата и рабочей пленкой слоя инертной жидкости, а также воздействием потока газа.

Контактный аппарат

MEHRSTUFIGE VORRICHTUNG ZUM STOFFAUSTAUSCH ZWISCHEN EINER FLUESSIGEN UND EINER GASFOERMIGEN PHASE

REAKTOR MIT ABWISCHBARER WAND

VERFAHREN ZUR EINFUEHRUNG VON DREI SUBSTITUENTEN IN DAS CYANURCHLORID

SULFURIERVORRICHTUNG

Vorrichtung zur Ausfuehrung endothermer Gasreaktionen bei hohen Temperaturen

Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung von Umsetzungen unter Verwendung eines Gases

REACTING SULPHER TRIOXIDE WITH ORGNAIC COMPOUNDS

... 1408241 Sulphonation apparatus NITTO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO Ltd and NIPPON UNITOL CO Ltd 13 April 1973 [15 April 1972] 18045/73 Heading B1F An apparatus for reacting a downwardly flowing thin organic liquid film with an S03 containing gas comprises a reaction tube 6, Fig. 1 having an internal diameter of 16-90 mm, a trough 12 to which the organic liquid is fed from 13, circumferentially spaced apertures 8 of from 1-3 mm diameter for distribution of the organic liquid to form a downward flowing film of it on the inner wall of tube 6, a reaction gas nozzle 1 which has a lateral clearance from the tube 6 of greater than 2mm, the end 1A of the nozzle being from 5 to 300 mm below the apertures 8, and a pressure equalizing opening 11. The use of the apparatus in the sulphonation of the adduct of a C 12-15 primary alcohol and three moles of ethylene oxide is described. For Figure see next column ...

Improved Material Treatment Apparatus

... 1,199,606. Polymerisation apparatus; mixing apparatus. CRAWFORD & RUSSELL Inc. 29 Sept., 1967 [16 Nov., 1966], ,No. 44532/67. Headings B1X and B1C. A material treatment apparatus, for example a polymerisation reactor has a plurality of internal concentric heat-exchange surfaces, surface 51 defining a draft tube and surfaces 52, 26 bonding an annular recirculation zone 24, a rotatable helical impeller 53 which may carry scraper blades 54, and a plurality of longitudinal wiper columns 29, 31 mounted for movement around and within zone 24 and positioned respectively near surfaces 26, 52, each of the wiper columns carrying blade means 32 or 33 extending inwardly to its associated heat exchange surface. In operation, the material is circulated through the draft tube and annular zone 24, the blades operating to scrape material from the heat exchange surfaces. Impeller 53 may have a pitch of between 5‹ and 20‹ and the distance b may be between 1/5 and 1/6 of the distance D (see Figure 2).

Improvements in or relating to chemical reactions

In a method for the continuous reaction of at least two fluid reagents, at least one of which is in the gaseous phase and at least one of which is in the liquid phase, at least one of the reaction products being liquid, the liquid reagent entering at 14 flows downwardly over the vertical inner surface of cylinder 2, the temperature of which is controlled by cooling fluids flowing in the space(s) between cylinders 1 and 2, and comes into contact meanwhile with the gaseous reagent which enters cylinder 3 by pipe 8, leaves cylinder 3 by slots 9 and flows downwardly in a helical path into which it is directed by diaphragm 7. A cooling fluid flows in the lower part of cylinder 3. Liquid reaction products leave at 15 and gaseous reaction products at 16. The thickness of the liquid film may be controlled by adjusting the distance between the lower edge of frustoconical device 17 and surface 12, or by varying the height of the free surface of liquid reagent above the lower edge of device 17. Cylinder ...

A process and apparatus for preparation of ammonium phosphates

A process of continuous preparation of a melt of condensed ammonium phosphates by the reaction of phosphoric acid or a solution of ammonium phosphates in phosphoric acid with gaseous ammonia which is dosed into the reaction medium in excess and comprising neutralizing-dehydrating reaction between liquid phase and gaseous ammonia, takes place by continuous contact of phases in a film layer which is formed in the reaction medium by gradual pouring of the liquid phase under gravity and also by its dispersion with gaseous phase formed by a mixture of gradually warmed-up gaseous ammonia and gradually warmed-up steam. The apparatus comprises a standup through-flow film reactor (1) having one supporting bottom (2) with organized and/or non-organized filling (3), a supply of liquid phase containing phosphoric acid (4) and a supply of gaseous ammonia (5). The film reactor can also contain distribution partitions (6), directing the flow of reaction mixture in the filling, building-in (7) and/or static ...

A PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARATION OF AMMONIUM PHOSPHATES

PROCESS FOR NITRATING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

... 1368417 Nitration process BOERINGER MANNHEIM GmbH 24 May 1973 [30 May 1972] 24859/73 Heading C2C [Also in Division B1] A process for the continuous nitration of organic substances comprises applying the substance to be nitrated and a nitration liquid in a layer with a thickness of 0À2 to 1À5 mm. to the cooled surface of a rotating roller, allowing them to react thereon and, by movement of the cooled surface, removing the reaction product. As shown in Fig. 1, the nitration liquid and the substance to be nitrated are passed through inlets (3) and (4) on to a roller (1) which is cooled by means of a cooling liquid passed through axis (6). The reactants are transported by rotation of the roller into the gap (9) between the roller and trough (2). Any solid particles possibly present are comminuted in the gap (9) and the reacted solution leaves through overflow (5). Figs. 2 and 3 show other embodiments with two counter rollers (1) and (11) arranged in tandem or above each other. The ...

Thin Layer Apparatus

... 1,192,909. Thin layer polymerization apparatus; roller mixing apparatus. CHEMIEFASERKOMBINAT WILHELM - PIECK - STADT GUBEN, VEB. 22 April, 1969, No. 20479/69. Headings B1B, B1C and B1X. Thin-layer apparatus for the continuous carrying out of chemical processes in thin layers comprises a reaction chamber closed on all sides, two horizontally-mounted mutuallymeshing rotatable toothed rollers 2, a heating jacket 4, an exhaust conduit 5 for the removal of gases and vapours, and a system of holes or slots provided vertically above the line of contact of the two toothed rollers. Reaction mixture supplied through nozzle 7 travels down channel 11 onto the teeth of rotating rollers 2 and after being sheaved off by the teeth leaves via conduit 9. Vapours may be drawn off via 5 under vacuum. Several apparatus may be used in series with rollers of greater diameter and smaller tooths height on the downstream ride. The speeds of the rollers is variably adjustable. The apparatus may be used for the transesterification ...

PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS SYNTHESIS OF POLY (ETHER-ESTER-AMIDE) SEQUENCE COPOLYCONDENSATES

ROTOR FILM COLUMN FOR MAKING CONTACT BETWEEN GAS AND LIQUID

... 1511104 Gas/liquid contact; vacuum rectification A V SHAFRANOVSKY V M OLEVSKY V K CHUBUKOV and J A BASKOV 30 July 1976 31812/76 Headings BIB and B1F A rotor film column for countercurrent gas/ liquid contact, e.g. for vacuum rectification, comprises a plurality of contact stages consisting of vertically spaced spiral bands 11, Fig. 2. which are mounted on a central rotatable shaft, the bands 11 having transverse corrugations 42, Fig. 9, and flanges towards the shaft; and liquid transfer means comprising annular pockets 16 and overflow trays e.g. 18, for collecting liquid from the superjacent pocket and distributing it over the band 11 underneath. The corrugation height "H" may be greater than height "h", Fig. 9.

Process for the preparation of amino-isoxazoles.

LIQUID DISTRIBUTOR FOR ROHRBUENDELTAU

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TRISUBSTITUTED S-TRIAZINEN

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON 2-ALKOXY-4,6-DICHLOR-S-TRIAZINEN

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON GEGEBENENFALLS SUBSTITUIERTEN 2-MERCAPTO-4,6-DI-CHLOR-S-TRIAZINEN

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON POLYMERISATIONSDISPERSIONEN MIT NIEDRIGEM MONOMERGEHALT

LIQUID DISTRIBUTOR FOR ROHRBUENDELTAU

THIN SECTION TREATMENT APPARATUS

Device for the even distribution of liquids on apparatus elements for material and/or heat exchange

Thin section treatment apparatus, in particular for viscous property

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERIZATION DISPERSIONS WITH LOW MONOMER CONTENT

Procedure and device for the continuous production of mixtures of sour esters of phosphoric acids

SULFONATION REACTOR HEAD

COUNTERCURRENT CONTACT AND SEPARATION OF LIQUID AND GASEOUS PHASES

CHEMICAL PROCESS IN A MEDIUM CONNECTED TO A ROTATING BODY

ROTARY FILM APPARATUS

ROTARY FILM APPARATUS

The invention relates to heat-exchange and mass-exchange apparatuses intended for carrying out short duration liquidphase exothermic chemical reactions, as well as the processes of distillation, concentration, and evaporation of thermally unstable substances under vacuum and for vaporization in a current of air or an inert gas at a atmosphere pressure. The proposed apparatus comprises a vertical body housed in a jacket with a cavity for circulation of the heat carrier and provided with a heat-exchanging surface formed, according to the invention, by series-connected oppositely-directed conjugated truncated cones. The proposed invention makes it possible to increase the area of the heat-exchanging surface of the apparatus which, in turn, makes it possible to intensify the heatexchange and mass-exchange processes carried out in the apparatus.

CENTRIFUGAL DEVICE

Centrifugal Device In a centrifugal mass transfer device comprising a rotary, annular permeable element, annular plates are mounted adjacent the radially inner or outer face of the permeable element and gaseous or liquid material flowing from the permeable element across one surface of the annular plates is cooled or heated by a heat exchange fluid on the opposite surface of the plates. In this way condensed or vaporised material is returned to the permeable element.

PROCESS FOR CARRYING OUT REACTIONS CAUSED BY THE TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES

Mo-1771-BP LeA 17,502 A PROCESS FOR CARRYING OUT REACTIONS CAUSED BY THE TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES This invention relates to a process for carrying out reactions which primarily occur during the transport of compounds in the liquid phase or at the liquid-gas interface. Starting components are reacted with one another and/or with gases of the inner space in a multi-phase flow tube having a liquid ring flow which may contain dissolved and/or dispersed constituents. Any necessary heat exchange takes place between the liquid and the wall of the tube or the gases. LeA 17,502 ...

TURBULENT NUCLEATE-GRAINED SILVER-HALIDE-REACTANTS MIXING METHOD

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REACTING A THIN LIQUID FILM WITH A GAS

LIQUID DISTRIBUTOR FOR THIN-FILM, TUBE-BUNDLE APPARATUS

GAS-LIQUID CONTACT APPARATUS

This gas-liquid contact device comprises a gas-liquid contact unit, a liquid supply system, and a gas supply system. The gas-liquid contact unit includes a plurality of stages which are allocated so as to be arrayed in the lateral direction. Each of the plurality of stages includes a plurality of vertical flat plates arranged parallel to each other at intervals. The liquid supply system supplies a liquid to the gas-liquid contact unit, and causes the liquid to be circulated along the array of the plurality of stages successively. The gas supply system supplies a gas to the gas-liquid contact unit, and causes the gas to be circulated along the array of the plurality of stages successively. The supplied liquid flows down on the plurality of vertical flat plates in each of the plurality of stages, and comes into contact with the supplied gas.

ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION WITH HEAT EXCHANGED MEMBRANE REACTOR

This invention is directed to a head exchanged membrane reactor for electric power generation. More specifically, the invention comprises a membrane reactor system that employs catalytic or thermal steam reforming and a water gas shift reaction on one side of the membrane (3), and hydrogen combustion on the other side of the membrane (5). Heat of combustion is exchanged through the membrane (4) to heat the hydrocarbon fuel and provide heat for the reforming reaction. In one embodiment, the hydrogen is combusted with compressed air to produce lectricity. A carbon dioxide product stream is produced in inherently separated form and at pressure to facilitate injection of the C02 into a well for the purpose of sequestering carbon from the earth's atmosphere.

GAS-LIQUID REACTOR AND A METHOD FOR REACTING LIQUIDS AND GASES

Verfahren zur Durchführung chemischer Umsetzungen organischer Stoffe in flüssiger Form und Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens.

Vorrichtung zur Durchführung von Reaktionen.

Zentrifuge zum kontinuierlichen Erzielen dünner strömender Flüssigkeitsschichten.

Procédé pour former un film liquide et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre

Procédé pour faire progresser une réaction chimique

Fallfilmverdampfer

Verfahren zur Durchführung von Reaktionen in der flüssigen Phase.

Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Behandlung fliessfähiger fester oder flüssiger Medien mit einem gasförmigen Medium und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von gerichteten, zur Vertikalachse symmetrischen Zirkulationsströmungen von Gasen, Dämpfen und Flüssigkeiten

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Geweben für Füllkörper von Stoffaustauschkolonnen

Dünnschichtgerät zur Durchführung chemischer und physikalisch-chemischer Vorgänge

Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Gemischen saurer Ester von Phosphorsäuren, Anwendung dieses Verfahrens und Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur chemischen Umsetzung von Gasen mit Flüssigkeiten

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von reinem Melamin

Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Polykondensation

Kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bis(B-hydroxyäthyl)-terephthalat

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Propionaldehyd

Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Reaktion einer Substanz mit einem Gas

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR KONTINUIERLICHEN HERSTELLUNG VON KUNSTHARZEN.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Geweben für Füllkörper von Stoffaustauschkolonnen

Vorrichtung zur Verlängerung der Verweilzeit von Flüssigkeit in Dünnschichtverdampfern bzw. Durchlauf-Wärmeaustauschern

Procédé pour effectuer des réactions thermiques et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Behandlung von Flüssigkeiten

Appareil pour la production de polymères

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Cyansäure aus Harnstoff

Verfahren zur Herstellung primärer Alkylbromide

Dünnschichtverdampfer

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung der Alkalisalze aromatischer Hydroxyverbindungen

Dünnschichtbehandlungsapparat

Vorrichtung zur Ausbreitung von hochviskosen und zur Verkrustung neigenden Produkten in Form eines mechanisch bewegten Flüssigkeitsfilmes bei der thermischen Behandlung in senkrecht stehenden Dünnschichtapparaten

Gas/liquid contacter with wall film flow

The liquid is fed downwards into the column along a helical channel along the vertical axis and a gas flow is forced into a common header so that liquid remains in an annular layer on the inner wall of the channel. Formulae are given relating the max. flow rate of the liquid to the hydraulic diam. of the channel and the min. flow rate of gas required to maintain the laminar liquid flow for various viscosities by liquid and gas pressures.

Vorrichtung zum Behandeln einer zähflüssigen Masse

Rotary thin-layer apparatus.

A housing (1) with a heat exchange surface (4) is arranged vertically in a casing (2) with a hollow space (3). A rotor shaft (5) penetrating the housing bears hollow drums (6) with undulating walls (7) which have bores (8) for the emergence of the liquid to be treated on to the heat exchange surface (4) of the housing (1). The heat exchange surface (4) is formed by frustoconical sections which face in opposite directions, are successively connected to one another and are joined at their base surfaces, the transition points between each two adjacent sections being rounded. ...

Process and apparatus for the preparation of polymer dispersions having a low monomer content

CONTINUOUS PROCEDURE FOR THE EXECUTION OF PRIMARILY MATERIAL TRANSFER-CAUSED REACTIONS.

METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS SYNTHESIS OF POLY COPOLYCONDENSATE SEQUENCE (AN ETHER - - ESTER-AMIDE DERIVATIVES).

DEVICE FOR MIXING, REACTION AND/OR AUSDAMPFEN OF COMPONENTS.

Process and apparatus for continuous removal of monomers from polymer dispersions

Multicellular reactor with liquid/gas phase contact

The general-purpose multicellular reactor with liquid/gas phase contacts is arranged to ensure both the heat exchange function and the function of physicochemical purification of gases or of enrichment of liquids. It is made up of channels (7, 8, 9) through which a gas passes in one direction and a liquid in the other, each channel consisting of two panels (1, 2/3, 4/5, 6) made up of geometric patterns (a, b, c) in horizontal series and alternating in pairs to create widened zones (16). The latter are separated by a neck (17) in which an inversion of the gases takes place enabling droplets and liquid-gas emulsions to be produced between the opposing gas streams. Internal recycling takes place in the widened zones (16). This reactor is advantageously employed for industrial purification of gases. ...

Film mass transfer device and heat exchanger of the rotor type

The exchanger includes a cylindrical shell (1) in which a shaft (7) is accommodated with trickling stages (8) attached thereto. In the shell (1) there is further situated at least one overflow device for transporting the liquid from one trickling stage (8) to the other which has a liquid separator for receiving liquid which is discharged from any trickling stage (8). The liquid separator is designed in the shape of an annular channel (13) surrounding the trickling stage (8), into the interior cavity of which channel projects at least one partition (21) connected to the periphery of the trickling stage (8), which partition lies transversely over the annular channel (13). In such a separator, the overflow of the liquid from one trickling stage to the other is ensured. The exchanger is suitable particularly for the vacuum rectification of substances which are sensitive to elevated temperatures. ...

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TRISUBSTITUTED S-TRIAZINVERBINDUNGEN.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHLORINE AMINO S TRIAZINEN.

PROCEDURE FOR the PRODUCTION OF SUBSTITUTED ONE 2-MERCAPTO-4,6-DI-CHLOR-S-TRIAZINEN.

PROCEDURE FOR the PRODUCTION OF 4,6-DICHLOR-S-TRIAZINEN, in 2-STELLUNG a WITH ALCOHOL VERESTERTE HYDROXY GROUP EXHIBITING.

Equipment for carrying out heat exchange and mass transfer processes involving a liquid

The equipment comprises at least one spray device which is arranged in the housing to be rotatable about its own axis and consists of channels which are curved in the form of a multi-flight spiral diverging from the axis of the spray device. The peripheral sections of at least two channels (9) in each case are, after removal of the sections from the axis of the spray device (7), displaced in the direction parallel to the axis of the spray device (7) in such a way that the peripheral ends (13) of the channels (9) are located in different planes perpendicular to the axis of the spray device (7). The equipment ensures an increase in the effectiveness of mass transfer and a rise in the heat transfer coefficient between the liquid film and the surface which is to be wetted. ...

ROTOR IN A ROTATION THIN SECTION MACHINE.

USE OF GAS SEPARATING MEMBRANES FOR INCREASE CONDENSATE PRODUCTION AREAS, CONTAINING HIGH CONCENTRATION OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE

СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ УТИЛИЗАЦИИ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ

Вероятность попадания в окружающую среду неиспользованных лекарственных средств или лекарственных средств с истекшим сроком годности снижается благодаря разработанной системе и способу утилизации, сочетанием неиспользованного лекарственного средства или лекарственного средства с истекшим сроком годности с некоторым количеством активированного угля, как составляющей процесса утилизации.

Process of propagation of chemical reactions

PROCEDE POUR LA SULFONATION EN CONTINU DE COMPOSITIONS LIQUIDES ORGANIQUES ET LE REACTEUR DE MISE EN OEUVRE DU PROCEDE

L'invention se réfère à un procédé ainsi qu'un à un réacteur réalisant le procédé de sulfonation, en vue d'obtenir des compositions organiques sulfonées avec une couleur << optimum >>, un faible résidu de compositions organiques non sulfonées et enfin à haute solubilité. Selon l'invention, la paroi du réacteur comporte des mini-ailettes saillant de la paroi, afin d'enduire des << composantes additionnelles >> de turbulence.

Heat exchanger and chemical

Apparatus, systems and methods for mass transfer of gases into liquids

An apparatus for mass transfer of a gas into a liquid, including a tank that defines a chamber for receiving the gas, and at least one surface provided within the chamber. Each surface has an inner region, an outer region and an edge adjacent the outer region. Each surface is configured to receive the liquid at the inner region and rotate such that the liquid flows on the surface from the inner region to the outer region, and, upon reaching the edge of the surface, separates to form liquid particles that move outwardly through the gas in the chamber. The liquid particles are sized so that the gas is absorbed by the liquid particles to produce a mixed liquid saturated with the gas during a brief flight time of the liquid particles through the chamber.

THIN FILM TUBE REACTOR

A thin film tube reactor comprising a tube having a longitudinal axis, an inner cylindrical surface, a closed end and an open end, wherein the tube is rotatable about the longitudinal axis and wherein the angle of the longitudinal axis relative to the horizontal is variable between about 0 degrees and about 90 degrees. 1. A thin film tube reactor comprising a tube having a longitudinal axis , an inner cylindrical surface , a closed end and an open end , wherein the tube is rotatable about the longitudinal axis and wherein the angle of the longitudinal axis relative to the horizontal is variable between about 0 degrees and about 90 degrees.2. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the angle of the longitudinal axis relative to the horizontal is variable between greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees.3. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the tube is substantially cylindrical or comprises at least a portion that is tapered.4. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the tube comprises a lip adjacent to the open end.5. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the speed of rotation of the tube about the longitudinal axis is variable.6. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the thin film tube reactor comprises means for supplying at least one reactant to the tube.7. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the inner surface of the tube comprises surface structures or aberrations.8. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the thin film tube reactor comprises means for introducing a gas to the tube.9. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the thin film tube reactor comprises means for removing a gas from the tube.10. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor comprises at least one jacket surrounding at least a portion of the tube claim 1 , adapted to provide heating and/or cooling to the tube.11. A thin ...

FILM OZONOLYSIS IN A TUBULAR OR MULTITUBULAR REACTOR

The disclosure relates to a method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using a tubular falling firm reactor with one or multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current. 162.-. (canceled)63. A method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using an industrial scale tubular falling film reactor with multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current , and wherein the ozonolysis occurs continuously without accumulation of large amounts of hazardous intermediates , and wherein the tubes are cooled by flow of a coolant.64. The method of claim 63 , wherein method comprises two or more industrial scale tubular falling film reactors with multiple tubes connected in series to process a continuous stream of the liquid or emulsified reagent.65. The method of claim 63 , wherein the carrier gas is selected from air claim 63 , oxygen (O) claim 63 , and an oxygen (O)/nitrogen (N) mixture.66. The method of claim 65 , wherein the carrier gas is an oxygen/nitrogen mixture comprising about 10% to about 30% oxygen and about 70% to about 90% nitrogen claim 65 , or 7.5-12.5% oxygen and 87.5-92.5% nitrogen.67. The method of claim 63 , wherein the liquid or emulsified reagent is an emulsion in water.68. The method of claim 63 , wherein the reactor comprises the multiple tubes in parallel enclosed in a cylindrical reactor.69. The method of claim 63 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 mm and 30 mm.70. The method of claim 69 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 10 mm and 25 mm.71. The method of claim 63 , wherein the gas flow rate is from 10 to 1500 L/min in each of said tube or tubes.72. The method of claim 63 , wherein the gas flow rate is about 150 L/min in each of said tube or tubes.73. The method of claim 63 , wherein the tubes are between 1 and 7 meters in length.74. The method of claim 73 , wherein the tubes are ...

THIN-FILM TREATMENT APPARATUS

A thin-film treatment apparatus for treating viscous material, including a housing, having a heatable and/or coolable housing casing, which encloses a rotationally symmetric treatment chamber extending in the axial direction, an inlet port, arranged in an inlet region of the housing, for feeding the material to be treated into the treatment chamber, an outlet port, arranged in an outlet region of the housings, for discharging the material from the treatment chamber, and a coaxially extending, drivable rotor shaft, arranged in the treatment chamber, for producing a material film on the inner face of the housing casing and for conveying the material in the direction from the inlet region toward the outlet region, the rotor shaft including a central rotor shaft body and rotor blades arranged on the circumference thereof, the radially outermost end of which rotor blades is distanced from the inner face of the housing casing. 1. A thin-film treatment apparatus for treating viscous material , comprisinga housing having a heatable and/or coolable housing casing, which encloses a rotationally symmetric treatment chamber extending in the axial direction,an inlet port, arranged in an inlet region of the housing, for feeding the material to be treated into the treatment chamber,an outlet port, arranged in an outlet region of the housing, for discharging the material from the treatment chamber, anda coaxially extending, drivable rotor shaft, arranged in the treatment chamber, for producing a material film on the inner face of the housing casing and for conveying the material in the direction away from the inlet region toward the outlet region, the rotor shaft comprising a central rotor shaft body arranged on the circumference thereof, the radially outermost end of which rotor blades is distanced from the inner face of the housing casing,wherein in the treatment chamber is arranged at least one temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the material film.2. The thin- ...

Thin film liquid thermal testing

Elevated temperature liquid testing apparatus and methodology in which a thin film of test liquid and a reactant/control gas are provided about the top of a depositor member that is surrounded by a special mantle, for example, a substantially cylindrically walled glass mantle. As an oxidative engine oil test, it may mimic turbocharger conditions of a modern internal combustion engine. For example, employing moist air, the apparatus can test a thin film of engine oil for oxidation deposits at a predetermined temperature, say, 285° C., 290° C., or cycled between 285° C. or 290° C. and 320° C. or 330° C.

POROUS GRAPHENE MEMBER, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME USING THE METHOD

Disclosed are a porous graphene member having through-holes formed therein, a method for manufacturing the porous graphene member, and an apparatus for manufacturing the porous graphene member using the method. The method comprises: introducing a carbon source and a substitution reaction source into a deposition furnace; thermally decomposing the carbon source and the substitution reaction source simultaneously to generate carbon atoms and substitution atoms, respectively, wherein the carbon atoms are deposited on a substrate present within the deposition furnace to form a graphene film consisting of a monoatomic layer structure, and during the deposition of carbon atoms, the substitution atoms not only interfere with covalent bonds between the carbon atoms to cause crystal defects, but also substitute for parts of the carbon atoms to in situ form through-holes in the graphene, thereby creating the porous graphene member; and releasing the porous graphene member from the substrate. 1. A method for manufacturing a porous graphene member , comprising:introducing a carbon source and a substitution reaction source into a deposition furnace;thermally decomposing the carbon source and the substitution reaction source simultaneously to generate carbon atoms and substitution atoms, respectively, wherein the carbon atoms are deposited on a substrate present within the deposition furnace to form a graphene film consisting of a monoatomic layer structure, and during the deposition of carbon atoms, the substitution atoms not only interfere with covalent bonds between the carbon atoms to cause crystal defects, but also substitute for parts of the carbon atoms to in situ form through-holes in the graphene, thereby creating the porous graphene member; andreleasing the porous graphene member from the substrate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises at least one selected from among a copper plate and a copper-plated plate claim 1 , both of which can prevent the ...

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR THE UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION OF LIQUID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE IN THE FORM OF A THIN LAYER INTO A FALLING FILM REACTOR

System and process for uniform distribution of liquid organic substance in thin layer form in a falling film reactor, defined by a plurality of tubes. It is contemplated to feed the same amount of liquid organic substance to all tubes and then distribute it uniformly as a thin layer on the perimeter of each tube and by two coupled plates and sheet interposed therebetween; the lower plate is machined to create a groove and a spillway around each hole, a slit of constant thickness. 1. A process for the uniform distribution of liquid organic substance in the form of a thin layer into a falling film reactor , the latter defined by a plurality of tubes; wherein it provides for feeding the same amount of liquid organic substance in all the tubes and then uniformly distributing it as a thin layer on the perimeter of each tube.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein it provides for feeding the organic substance into grooves each of which in turn provides for feeding the entire circumference of each tube3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein it is provided to transfer the organic substance from the groove to the tube passing through a slit of constant thickness smaller than 0.5 mm.4. A distribution system of an organic substance in a sulfonation process in a falling film reactor defined by a plurality of tubes claim 1 , wherein it comprises two coupled plates and a sheet interposed between the two; the plates are provided with a hole in correspondence to each tube claim 1 , having the same diameter as the interior of the tubes; the bottom plate claim 1 , is machined so as to create a groove around each hole.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the organic substance is fed to the grooves by means of channels formed in the thickness of the plate and through a connecting hole for each groove.6. The system according to claim 5 , wherein said hole has an orifice having a passage section of such a size as to generate a high product load loss.7. The system ...

FILM OZONOLYSIS IN A TUBULAR OR MULTITUBULAR REACTOR

The disclosure relates to a method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using a tubular falling film reactor with one or multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current. 1. A method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using a tubular falling film reactor with one or multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 mm and 5 m.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 and 30 mm.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 and 50 mm.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 50 mm and 5 m.6. The method of where the tube diameter is between 50 mm and 5 m and an annular element is added in to regulate gas flow and to add additional film surface area.7. The method of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is between 1 and 20 m.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is between 1 and 7 m.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is 1.7 m.10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is 6 m.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is between 7 and 20 m.12. The method of any one of - claim 7 , wherein the distribution of gas within the tube(s) may be controlled by annular spaces for gas flow within the tube(s).13. The method of any one of - claim 7 , wherein multiple falling film tube reactors are used in series to process a continuous stream of liquid or emulsified reagent.14. A method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent with a gaseous reagent comprising ozone and one or more carrier gases claim 7 , the method comprising:(a) feeding the liquid or emulsified reagent from a common liquid or emulsified reagent feeding ...

OXIDE SHELL STRUCTURES AND METHODS OF MAKING OXIDE SHELL STRUCTURES

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for substrates having an oxide shell layer (e.g., a silica shell layer), methods of making an oxide shell layer, and the like. 1. A method for forming an oxide shell layer , comprises:providing a substrate having a solvophobic surface in a closed chamber under a first set of conditions;exposing the substrate to a set of precursors in vapor phase;condensing a first precursor of the set of precursors on the substrate to form a plurality of liquid droplets, wherein the first set of conditions are such that the first precursor of the set of precursors condenses on the surface of the substrate before other precursors of the set of precursors condense on the substrate;forming a thin oxide shell at an air-liquid interface of one or more of the liquid droplets by reacting the other precursors of the set of precursors at the air-liquid interface of the liquid droplets to form an oxide shell layer; andremoving the liquid droplets to produce a substrate having a plurality of oxide shells disposed on the solvophobic surface that form the oxide shell layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxide shell layer is a silica shell layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvophobic surface is a hydrophobic surface.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the hydrophobic surface is a heterogeneous and hydrophobic surface.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the set of precursors in vapor phase includes a water vapor claim 1 , an ammonia vapor claim 1 , and a tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) vapor.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the set of precursors includes a first precursor that is water claim 1 , a second precursor that is tetraethyl orthosilicate claim 1 , and a third precursor that is ammonia.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of exposing includes exposing the substrate to a first solution and a second solution claim 1 , wherein the first solution comprises an aqueous ammonium solution and the second solution comprises ...

Shell-and-tube equipment with distribution device

A shell-and-tube equipment has a cylindrical geometry and is arranged along a vertical axis. The shell-and-tube equipment comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber connected to a common tube bundle on opposite sides. The upper chamber is provided with at least an inlet nozzle for inletting a first fluid. The tube bundle is surrounded by a shell provided with nozzles for inletting and outletting a second fluid which exchanges heat with the first fluid through the tube bundle. The upper chamber encloses at least a distribution device configured for uniformly delivering the first fluid towards the tube bundle. The distribution device comprises an annular channel which is arranged around the vertical axis and is in fluid communication with the inlet nozzle. The distribution device comprises a plurality of channel modules of circular trapezoid shape, tightly joined together at their respective vertical edges for forming the annular channel.

PHENYLENE ETHER OLIGOMER COMPOSITION

A phenylene ether oligomer composition is disclosed comprising, a phenylene ether oligomer having an external amine content of less than or equal to 1.5 weight percent; and a residual solvent in an amount of 10 to 10000 parts per million by weight, based on the weight of the phenylene ether oligomer composition; wherein the phenylene ether oligomer composition has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.03 to 0.13 deciliter per gram; a glass transition temperature of 135 to 175° C., or a combination thereof 1. A phenylene ether oligomer composition comprising ,a phenylene ether oligomer having an external amine content of less than or equal to 1.5 weight percent; anda residual solvent in an amount of 10 to 10000 parts per million by weight, based on the weight of the phenylene ether oligomer composition; an intrinsic viscosity of 0.03 to 0.13 deciliter per gram;', 'a glass transition temperature of 135 to 175° C.; or', 'a combination thereof., 'wherein the phenylene ether oligomer composition has'}2. The phenylene ether oligomer composition of claim 1 , wherein phenylene ether oligomer is monofunctional or bifunctional.4. The phenylene ether oligomer composition of wherein each Zis independently methyl claim 2 , allyl claim 2 , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl claim 2 , substituted or unsubstituted Ccycloalkyl claim 2 , substituted or unsubstituted Cbicycloalkyl claim 2 , or substituted or unsubstituted Cbicycloalkenyl; and each Zis independently hydrogen or methyl.5. The phenylene ether oligomer composition of claim 2 , wherein one occurrence of Zis methyl; and the other occurrence of Zis methyl claim 2 , allyl claim 2 , substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexyl claim 2 , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl claim 2 , substituted or unsubstituted —CH-adamantyl claim 2 , substituted or unsubstituted —(CH)-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptenyl claim 2 , or substituted or unsubstituted Calkyl(Cbicycloalkenyl) different from the substituted or unsubstituted -(CH2)2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptenyl.9. The ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR GENERATING PLASMA ACTIVATED LIQUID

Exemplary systems and methods associated with activating fluids using indirect plasma. In particular, liquid can be activated to high concentrations and at high volumes by thinning and mixing the liquid as it is exposed to the plasma, resulting more efficient activation. Further increases in activation can be reached by re-circulating fluid for additional exposure to the plasma. High flow rates can be achieved with integrated systems that utilize multiple activation systems with coordinated control. 1. A plasma activated liquid generation apparatus , comprising:a supply of a liquid; a cylinder bottom; and', 'a cylinder side wall connected to the cylinder bottom;', 'wherein the liquid is deposited into the spin cylinder, and wherein an inner surface of the cylinder side wall positions a layer of liquid proximate to a plasma as the spin cylinder rotates; and, 'a spin cylinder, comprisinga plasma generating device for generating the plasma proximate to the layer of liquid on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall of the spin cylinder, wherein at least a portion of the liquid exposed to the plasma becomes plasma activated.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plasma generating device comprises:an electrode;a dielectric barrier configured to prevent the electrode from contacting the liquid; anda conductive element, wherein the plasma is generated between the dielectric barrier and the conductive element.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the conductive element is connected to circuitry that affects an electric field associated with the plasma.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a velocity differential between the liquid and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall overcomes a surface tension of the liquid.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the spin cylinder is configured to create a shearing force that mixes the layer of liquid while the liquid is exposed to the plasma.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a liquid delivery device connected ...

METHOD FOR ISOLATING A PHENYLENE ETHER OLIGOMER COMPOSITION AND PHENYLENE ETHER OLIGOMER COMPOSITION

A method for isolating a phenylene ether oligomer composition includes feeding a solution including a solvent and a phenylene ether oligomer into a thin film evaporator, forming a film on an interior surface of the thin film evaporator, and heating to devolatilize the solvent from the film, to provide a phenylene ether oligomer composition. The thin film evaporator includes cylindrical heating chamber and a rotor having one or more rotor blades, wherein an edge of the one or more rotor blades and the interior surface of the cylindrical heating chamber are separated by a distance of 0.5 to 3.5 millimeters. Phenylene ether oligomer compositions are also described. 1. A method for isolating a phenylene ether oligomer composition , the method comprising ,feeding a solution comprising a solvent and a phenylene ether oligomer into a thin film evaporator comprising a cylindrical heating chamber and a rotor comprising one or more rotor blades, wherein an edge of the one or more rotor blades and an interior surface of the cylindrical heating chamber are separated by a distance of 0.5 to 3.5 millimeters;forming a film comprising the phenylene ether oligomer and the solvent on the interior surface of the cylindrical heating chamber; and a phenylene ether oligomer having an external amine content of less than 1.5 weight percent; and', 'a residual solvent in an amount of 0 to 10,000 parts per million by weight (ppm), based on the weight of the phenylene ether oligomer composition., 'heating the cylindrical heating chamber to devolatilize the solvent from the film to provide a phenylene ether oligomer composition having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.03 to 0.13 deciliter per gram and comprising2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising discharging the phenylene ether oligomer composition from the thin film evaporator.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the discharging is at a temperature of 250 to 350° C. claim 2 , and the phenylene ether oligomer composition comprises a phenylene ...

Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen polymerisation von vinylmonomeren

Solns. of oligomeric methyl-aluminoxane(s) - by partial hydrolysis of tri:methyl-aluminium with water in hydrocarbon solvent, esp. in rotor-stator reactor

Solns. (I) of oligomeric methhylaluminoxanes (II) (opt. contg. higher alkyl gps.) in hydrocarbons, which contain free or complexed Me3Al (III), are produced by reaction of water with (III) (and opt. other Al alkyls) in the mol. ratio 0.65-0.75 in aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons (IV), followed by sepn. of the insol. by-prods. Solns. (I) are claimed as such. Solid hydrocarbon-soluble (II) are produced by removing solvent from (I). Pref. (IV) are alkylbenzenes; reaction is carried out at -50 to +100 deg.C, pref. 0-50 deg.C, and soln. (I) is distilled to give a concn. of 10-50 wt.% (II); pref., the water is introduced into a turbulent zone produced by the liq. conveyor in a circulating soln. of (III); (II) obtd. by this pref. process are claimed as such.

Purification of olefin recycle to polymerization

Disclosed is a process for the polymerization of olefins wherein olefinic compounds are separated from mixtures containing them with resulting improved utilization of olefinic compounds. Such olefinic compounds are separated by use of membrane separation units and can be recycled to a polymerization zone.

Process and device for the continuous removal of residual amounts of monomers from aqueous dispersions of polymers of vinyl chloride

Apparatus for continuously polycondensing polymethylene glycol esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids

Plug metered evaporative reaction tube

APPARATUS COMPRISING A VERTICAL EVAPORATIVE TUBE WHEREIN A PLUG IS POSITIONED IN THE UPPERMOST PART OF THE TUBE TO METER MONOMER EVENLY OVER THE INNER SURFACE OF THE TUBE. PREFERABLY THE TUBE BECOMES SMALLER TOWARD THE BOTTOM END THEREOF AND A FILTER IS PROVIDED TO REMOVE SOLID MATTER PRIOR TO METERING THE REACTANTS INTO THE TUBE. FURTHER UNIFORMITY OF THE FILM IS ACHIEVED BY PROVIDING A MATTE SURFACE ON THE INTERIOR OF THE TUBE.

Patent DE2719967C2

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYESTERS

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Polyestern

Tower reactor and use thereof for the continuous production of high molecular weight polyesters

본 발명은 예를 들어, 폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PET), 폴리부틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PBT), 폴리나프탈렌 테레프탈레이트(PEN), 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 및/또는 공중합체를 포함하는 다른 디카르복실산과 디올의 폴리에스테르 와 같은 고분자량 폴리에스테르의 제조를 위한 타워 반응기 및 그의 사용에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 단일-단계 타워 반응기에 관한 것이다. The present invention includes, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polynaphthalene terephthalate (PEN), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and / or other dicars including copolymers. A tower reactor and its use for the production of high molecular weight polyesters, such as polyesters of acids and diols. The present invention relates to a single-stage tower reactor.

Patent JPH0224283B2

Improvements relating to polymerisation reactions

Short-layer packing

FIELD: gas industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a contact device for implementation of heat- and mass-exchange processes in a gas-liquid system and can be used in processes in oil, gas, chemical and other related industries. Short-layer packing consists of thin alternating layers, made with different geometric characteristics, wherein thin layer of regular packaging 4 which is odd-numbered in direction of gas flow alternates with thin layer of dump packing 5, where in adjacent alternating layers of packing each odd layer of packing in direction of gas flow has smaller height H 1 , as compared with each even layer with height H 2 , wherein ratio H 2 /H 1 is within range of (H 2 /H 1 ) = 1.2÷7. Adjacent alternating layers of packing can be made from dump packings with various geometrical characteristics (different Raschig rings, Raschig ring-Pall seat). Dump packing can be laid regularly. EFFECT: use of multi-layer alternating layers of packing with different geometrical characteristics provides layered (local) existence of phase inversion mode in tower, pulsating mode of flow of gas and liquid phases on height of tower, thus providing considerable and stable in time increase in efficiency of heat- and mass-exchange processes in towers with packing. 1 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК B01J 19/32 B01D 53/18 F28F 25/08 B01D 47/14 B01J 10/02 B01D 3/28 (11) (13) 2 608 526 C1 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015144188, 15.10.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 15.10.2015 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 15.10.2015 (45) Опубликовано: 19.01.2017 Бюл. № 2 Адрес для переписки: 119620, Москва, ул. Авиаторов, 12, кв.338, Цуриковой Н.П. (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2035989 C1, 27.05.1995. C 1 R U 2 6 0 8 5 2 6 (54) КОРОТКОСЛОЕВАЯ НАСАДКА ( ...

Methods and apparatus for high-shear mixing and reacting of materials

Methods and apparatus for high shear reacting and/or mixing of moving fluid streams of materials employ an interdiffusing and reacting zone formed in the space between two stationary surfaces, the surfaces being spaced apart a maximum distance of the sum of the thicknesses of the back-to-back boundary layers of the materials and/or resulting materials on the surfaces, to a value such that any third layer between the two boundary layers is too thin to support agitation characterized by turbulent convection and/or to cause channeling. The materials are interdiffused by high speed laminar shear produced by the flow of the materials rather than mixed by macroscopic convection, the materials being driven by high velocity inlet feeds, auxiliary high pressure gas flow pumped into the reaction/mixing zone, or auxiliary high pressure gas flow created as an evolving gaseous byproduct of any chemical reaction that may occur.

Improvements relating to polymerisation reactions

A method of conducting polymerisation reactions on a rotating surface reactor which allows substantially increased conversions (up to around 99%) to be achieved without a corresponding increase in polydispersity as would be expected as a result of the Trommsdorff-Norrish effect. The rotating surface reactor serves to disentangle and/or stretch growing polymer chains so as to result in better control over polymerisation kinetics.

Process for preparing solutions of oligomeric methylaluminoxanes

The invention relates to a process for preparing solutions of oligomeric methylaluminoxanes, which contain trimethylaluminum in they free and/or complexed form, in hydrocarbons by partial hydrolysis of trimethylaluminum with water and to carrying out this process in a rotor/stator reaction machine. The product obtained is suitable for preparing highly active polymerization catalysts.

Catalytic partial oxidation of hydrocarbons

A process for the production of a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. The process includes providing a film of a fuel source including at least one organic compound on a wall of a reactor, contacting the fuel source with a source of oxygen, forming a vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen, and contacting the vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen with a catalyst under conditions effective to produce a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. Preferred products include α-olefins and synthesis gas. A preferred catalyst if a supported metal catalyst, preferably including rhodium, platinum, and mixtures thereof.

Methods and apparatus for high-shear mixing and reacting of materials

Thin film depolymerization to dimeric cyclic esters

A process and an apparatus for depolymerizing a thin film to form a dimeric cyclic ester. The process and apparatus afford rapid and substantially complete conversion to a dimeric cyclic ester, little or no decomposition by-products, and high yields of a quality product.

Patent JPS4942591B1

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING POLYMERISAT DISPERSIONS WITH LOW MONOMER CONTENT

Multiphase flow tube for mixing reacting and/or evaporating components

There are the preparation method and applications of chirality Salen catalysis ceramic membrane

本发明涉及一种具有手性Salen催化功能陶瓷膜的制备方法及其应用，属于手性催化领域和膜技术领域。将接枝改性并固载有Salen催化剂的纳米SiO 2 颗粒填充到陶瓷膜中，即得到具有手性Salen催化功能陶瓷膜。反应器包括：输液泵、料液槽、流量控制阀、进液口、出液口、取样口、进气口、排气口、不锈钢反应容器和橡胶密封垫圈等。本发明实现了纳米颗粒接枝固载Salen催化剂并填充到陶瓷膜，构建为陶瓷膜反应器，提高了Salen催化剂的固载率，进行不对称催化反应时，提高了反应的转化率和ee值，并且简化了催化剂的回收利用过程，为连续化生产提供了可能。

Devices for making reaction products by controlling transient conversion in an atomized liquid

Devices for making reaction products by atomizing into droplets a first liquid containing a first reactant into a gas containing a second reactant in a manner to form a reaction product within the droplets. The reaction is controlled by monitoring the transient conversion (conversion taking place in the time interval between the formation of the droplets and their coalescence into a mass of liquid) of first reactant to reaction product just before the droplets coalesce into a mass of a second liquid.

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERIZED DISPERSIONS WITH LOW MONOMER CONTENT

Method for the continuous performance of esterification under thermal conditions

A DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY PERFORMING CHEMICAL PROCESSES AND REACTIONS WHICH REQUIRE HEAT ADMINISTRATION FROM THE OUTSIDE AND ARE CONDUCTIVE TO THE EVOLUTION OF VOLATILE BY-PRODUCTS, SUCH AS THE PROCESSES LEADING TO THE PRODUCTION OF SPINNABLE POLYESTERS. THE DEVICE COMPRISES A REACTOR HAVING SUBSTANTIALLY VERTICAL METAL WALLS, MEANS FOR INTRODUCING THE REACTANT AND THE REACTED PRODUCT WHICH IS RECYCLED AT THE REACTOR TOP, CENTRIFUGING MEANS FOR HURLING THE PRODUCTS INTRODUCED AT THE TOP OF SAID WALLS FOR CAUSING THEM TO DESCEND IN THE FORM OF A LIQUID FILM THEREALONG, AND MEANS FOR RECYCLING A FRACTION OF THE PRODUCT WHICH HAS BEEN COLLECTED AT THE BASE OF THE REACTOR, TOWARDS THE TOP THEREOF. A CHEMICAL PROCESS UTILIZING SUCH A REACTOR AND INVOLVING THE REMOVAL OF THE BY-PRODUCTS, SET FREE IN THEIR VOLATILE FORM AT THE TOP OF THE REACTOR AS THEY ARE EVOLVED AND SET FREE FROM SAID LIQUID FILM.

Methods and systems for generating plasma activated liquid

Exemplary systems and methods associated with activating fluids using indirect plasma. In particular, liquid can be activated to high concentrations and at high volumes by thinning and mixing the liquid as it is exposed to the plasma, resulting more efficient activation. Further increases in activation can be reached by re-circulating fluid for additional exposure to the plasma. High flow rates can be achieved with integrated systems that utilize multiple activation systems with coordinated control.

Gas-liquid reactor and method

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Melt polycondensation reaction method, and reactor and falling film tube used for same

本发明公开一种熔融缩聚反应方法，熔融单体共混物或预聚物沿着U型管外壁滑落进行缩聚反应，U型管内有传热介质循环流动，各根U型管上的熔体汇聚到缩聚反应器下部进一步进行搅拌反应和混合均化，反应完毕出料。实施本方法的缩聚反应器，包括立式壳体、上端的封头、下端的底壳、U型管、传热系统、布膜器、螺带搅拌器等。本反应器具有结构简单、热交换充分、成膜面积大、反应温度均匀、缩聚效率高、过程满足平推流等优点，可用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯等的熔融缩聚反应。

A spinning disc multiftintional module

본 발명은, 반응기 유닛, 필터 유닛, 멤브레인 유닛, 반응기-분리기 유닛, 정화기 유닛, 정제기 유닛, 추출기 유닛, 및 혼합기 유닛으로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 유닛을 포함하는, 다중기능 모듈에 관한 것이다. 유닛들은 서로에 대해 병렬이나 직렬로 또는 병렬과 직렬 둘 다로 연결되고, 각 유닛은 적어도 하나의 부재를 갖고, 표면은 부재와 함께 회전한다. 부재는 유닛이 원심력 하에 작동하게 만들도록 축을 중심으로 회전한다. 하나 이상의 유체용 챔버는 회전 부재와 동시 회전한다. 또한, 본 발명은 스피닝 다중기능 모듈에 사용될 수 있는 유닛, 및 스피닝 다중기능 모듈의 사용에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a multifunctional module comprising at least one unit selected from the group consisting of a reactor unit, a filter unit, a membrane unit, a reactor-separator unit, a purifier unit, a purifier unit, an extractor unit and a mixer unit. The units are connected to each other in parallel or in series or in parallel and in series, and each unit has at least one member, and the surface rotates with the member. The member rotates about an axis to cause the unit to operate under centrifugal force. The at least one fluid chamber rotates simultaneously with the rotating member. The invention also relates to a unit usable in a spinning multi-function module, and to the use of a spinning multi-function module.

Reaction device and reaction method

Provided are a reaction device and a reaction method to efficiently oxidize or reduce a thin film at low temperature in a short time. The reaction device is provided with a chamber (3), a holding mechanism (2) disposed in the chamber and that holds a substrate (1) on which a thin film is formed, a pH adjusting mechanism that adjusts the pH of a polar solvent, a heating mechanism that heats the polar solvent, the pH of which has been adjusted by the pH adjusting mechanism, and a supply mechanism that supplies the polar solvent heated by the heating mechanism to the substrate held in the holding mechanism. The device is characterized in that an oxidation reaction or a reduction reaction for the thin film is induced by the polar solvent that has been heated and the pH of which has been adjusted.

Reaction apparatus and reaction method

Method of contact liquid heating

FIELD: power engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of heat power engineering, namely to contact heating of the liquid with a gaseous medium. Method comprises contacting the heating gas and a layer of the heated liquid flowing down the inner surface of the flue. Heating gas is supplied to the flue from above, while the amount of heating gas is selected less, and heated liquid – more values that cause an increase in temperature internal surface of flue to the temperature of formation of scale on it. EFFECT: invention allows increase the intensity of heating the liquid by expanding the temperature range of the heating gases, increasing the temperature head, increasing the speed of movement and turbulence of gases. 6 cl, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 662 260 C1 (51) МПК F24H 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F24H 1/00 (2006.01); F24H 1/10 (2006.01); B01J 10/02 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017139009, 09.11.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): Баженов Александр Иванович (RU) Дата регистрации: 25.07.2018 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2164441 C1, 27.03.2001. RU 2124939 C1, 20.01.1999. RU 2137050 C1, 10.09.1999. SU 1219130 A1, 23.03.1986. GB 2065500 A, 01.07.1981. (45) Опубликовано: 25.07.2018 Бюл. № 21 R U (54) Способ контактного нагрева жидкости (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области теплоэнергетики, а именно к контактному нагреву жидкости газообразной средой. Способ включает контактирование греющего газа и слоя нагреваемой жидкости, стекающей вниз по внутренней поверхности газохода. Греющий газ подают в газоход сверху, при этом количество подаваемого греющего газа выбирается меньше, а нагреваемой жидкости - больше величин, Стр.: 1 вызывающих увеличение температуры внутренней поверхности газохода до температуры образования на ней накипи. Изобретение позволяет увеличить интенсивность ...

Chemical process in a medium connected to a rotating body

ABSTRACT A reactant medium is transported across the surface of a body rotating at high speed and discharged therefrom by centrifugal force. A chemical reaction is caused to occur in the medium after the said discharged whilst the reactant medium is still connected to the surface of the body.

Apparatus for the continuous modification of polymers in the free-flowing state by means of electron radiation

An apparatus for the continuous modification of polymers in the flowable state by electron radiation, includes a device configured for converting polymers into the flowable state, a forming device and at least one irradiation device structured and arranged to provide electron radiation in a region of irradiation. Additionally, the apparatus includes at least one cooling device, a radiation guard and supply and discharge lines inside the radiation guard. The supply and discharge lines realize a continuous transport of the polymers in the flowable state at least through the radiation guard into the region of irradiation. Additionally, the supply and discharge lines realize a continuous transport of one of polymers remaining in the flowable state and modified at least inside the radiation guard and solid formed and modified polymers out of the region of the irradiation.

Gas-liquid reactor

Tower reactor

FIELD: chemical or physical processes. SUBSTANCE: tower reactor comprises reaction zones for simultaneous esterification and/or ester interchange and preliminary condensation. The top one third part of the tower reactor is made of hydrocyclone (2) with suspended heat exchanger (5) and has inlet (3) for paste, suspension and/or liquid raw mixture. The part of the tower reactor that underlies hydrocyclone (2) is made of cascade (7) with downflow. Cascade (7) is connected with the bottom part of the tower reactor through the pipeline. The bottom part is made of one-step or multi-step zone (9) with falling film with zone (8) of preliminary pressure drop. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 25 cl, 7 dwg, 1 ex ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 275 236 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ B01J 14/00 (2006.01) C08G 63/78 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2004110060/15, 26.03.2004 (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 26.03.2004 (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 31.10.2003 (ïï.1-25) DE 10351085.0 (72) Àâòîð(û): ØÓËÜÖ âàí ÝÍÄÅÐÒ Ýéêå (DE), ÀÒËÀÑ Êðèñòèàí (DE) (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ÈÍÂÅÍÒÀ-ÔÈØÅÐ ÃìáÕ óíä Êî. Êà (DE) R U (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 10.10.2005 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 27.04.2006 Áþë. ¹ 12 Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 191036, Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, à/ 24, "ÍÅÂÈÍÏÀÒ", ïàò.ïîâ. À.Â.Ïîëèêàðïîâó 2 2 7 5 2 3 6 ãèäðîöèêëîíà (2) ñ ïîäâåøåííûì òåïëîîáìåííèêîì (5) è èìååò ââîä (3) äë ïàñòû, ñóñïåíçèè è/èëè æèäêîé ñûðüåâîé ñìåñè. Îáëàñòü áàøåííîãî ðåàêòîðà íèæå ãèäðîöèêëîíà (2) âûïîëíåíà â âèäå êàñêàäà (7) ñ íèñõîä ùèì ïîòîêîì. Êàñêàä (7) ñîåäèíåí ÷åðåç òðóáîïðîâîä ñ íèæíåé ÷àñòüþ áàøåííîãî ðåàêòîðà, âûïîëíåííîé â âèäå îäíîñòóïåí÷àòîé èëè ìíîãîñòóïåí÷àòîé çîíû (9) ñ ïàäàþùåé ïëåíêîé ñ çîíîé (8) ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîãî ñíèæåíè äàâëåíè . Èçîáðåòåíèå ïîçâîë åò ïðîâîäèòü îòäåëüíûå ñòàäèè ðåàêöèè, à òàêæå îáåñïå÷èâàåò áîëåå áûñòðîå ïðîâåäåíèå ðåàêöèè è ùàä ùèå óñëîâè ïîëó÷åíè ïðîäóêòîâ ðåàêöèè. 2 í. è 23 ç.ï. ô-ëû, 7 èë. ...

Polycondensation polymer and production apparatus for the same

Provided is a method for producing a polycondensation polymer which can maintain the high quality of the polycondensation polymer. The method for producing a polycondensation polymer has a step of supplying a molten prepolymer to a polymerization reactor (100, 200) for producing a polycondensation polymer, the reactor having a casing (13), a guide (4) provided in the casing, and a polymer discharge port (7) connected to the casing and provided in a lower portion thereof, and a step of allowing the molten prepolymer to flow down along a surface of the guide while being in contact with the surface and polymerizing the molten prepolymer, thereby producing the polycondensation polymer, in which control is made such that the projected area of a portion in the tapered lower portion of the casing where the polycondensation polymer flows down is large or such that the liquid surface of a retentate in the tapered lower portion of the casing contains a large area of a portion where the polycondensation polymer flows down. Figure 2

Method of producing sulfate or sulfite organic compounds and reactor for effecting same

The reactor 1 has vertical tubes 10 connected at the top to two common chambers 15 and 17 feeding an organic liquid and an SO3- containing gas respectively. At the bottom the tubes enter a common collecting chamber 40. The gas is fed into the tubes 10 at a pressure of 0.1 to 0.5 bar, which is substantially the same as the head loss over the length of the tubes 10. The liquid is fed into each tube 10 at an overpressure equivalent to 1 to 100 cm of liquid column with respect to the gas feeding pressure. The tubes 10 are externally cooled by water supplied at 20 and withdrawn at 21. <IMAGE>

THIN FILM TREATMENT APPARATUS

THIN FILM TREATMENT APPARATUS

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Dünnschichtbehandlungsapparat 8, umfassend einenRotor 16, der mindestens einen zylinderförmigen Abschnitt 26 aufweist, wobei mindestensein Wischblatt 32,33,34,35,36,41 am zylinderförmigen Abschnitt angeordnet ist und dasWischblatt mindestens zwei Zähne 42,43,44,42',43',44' umfasst, welcher dadurchgekennzeichnet ist, dass die Dicke (T) des Wischblatts bzw. der Zähne(42,43,44,42',43',44') mehr als 5 mm beträgt. The invention relates to a thin film processing apparatus 8 comprising a rotor 16 having at least one cylindrical portion 26, at least one wiper blade 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 41 being disposed on the cylindrical portion and the wiper blade having at least two teeth 42, 43, 44 , 42 ', 43', 44 ', which is characterized in that the thickness (T) of the wiper blade or the teeth (42,43,44,42', 43 ', 44') is more than 5 mm.

Liquid film producing process and apparatus for fluid-liquid contacting

Processess and apparatus are provided to generate and use continuous and controlled liquid film for industrial and commercial applications requiring fluid-liquid contacts. In one version, a housing has a bottom and a tray mounted therein. The tray separates an upper section for holding liquid from a lower section for liquid-fluid interaction. Uniformly spaced, thin, straight film guides in close proximity extend downwardly from the tray towards the bottom. A narrow slit is formed in the tray along each line of film guides for enabling liquid in the upper section to flow to the lower section in the form of a flowing liquid curtain. The fluid can be a gas entering and exiting the housing through ports provided therein. In a preferred embodiment, a vertically extending tubular member is mounted centrally within several closed loops of film guides and extends through the tray. An adjustable sleeve is mounted on top of the tubular member and the tops of the film guides are secured to this sleeve. The invention may be used in a liquid-gas contacting column that comprises an upright vessel with a liquid inlet at the top and liquid outlet in a bottom portion. A series of trays are mounted one above the other in the vessel.

Falling film evaporation reactor for suppressing polymer gel formation

중합 반응물 또는 원료 수지의 증발 농축을 위한 강하막형 증발 반응기에 있어 종래 반응기 구조상 튜브를 통과한 폴리머의 적체로부터 필연적으로 생성되는 폴리머 겔 형성을 근본적으로 방지할 수 있는 구조의 강하막형 증발 반응기가 개시된다. 본 발명은 외부 자켓; 중합 반응물 또는 농축대상 원료 수지가 투입되는 상기 자켓 상단부에 위치한 투입구; 상기 반응물 또는 원료 수지가 내면에서 액체 경막을 형성하여 하방으로 흐르도록 설치된 복수의 튜브; 상기 투입구로 투입된 반응물 또는 원료 수지를 상기 복수의 튜브로 분배하기 위한 상부 분산판; 하방으로 경사진 경사부를 구비하고 상기 튜브로부터 낙하된 폴리머가 체류하도록 하는 폴리머 회수부; 및 상기 튜브에서 증발하여 형성되는 증기상을 회수하기 위한 증기 배출부;를 포함하는 강하막형 증발 반응기에 있어서, 상기 튜브로부터 낙하된 폴리머를 분산시켜 상기 경사부를 타고 흐르도록 설치된 하부 분산판;을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리머 겔 생성 방지를 위한 강하막형 증발 반응기를 제공한다. There is disclosed a falling film evaporation reactor having a structure capable of fundamentally preventing the formation of a polymer gel which is inevitably generated from a polymer passing through a tube in a conventional reactor structure in a descending membrane type evaporation reactor for concentrating the polymerization reactant or the raw resin by evaporation . The present invention relates to an outer jacket; An inlet located at the upper end of the jacket into which the polymerization reactant or the concentrate resin is injected; A plurality of tubes arranged such that the reactant or raw resin forms a liquid film on the inner surface and flows downward; An upper dispersion plate for distributing the reactant or the raw resin introduced into the inlet to the plurality of tubes; A polymer recovery unit provided with a slope downwardly inclined and allowing the polymer dropped from the tube to stay therein; And a vapor discharge unit for recovering a vapor phase formed by evaporation in the tube, wherein the lower dispersion plate is installed to disperse the polymer dropped from the tube and to flow through the inclined part The present invention provides a falling film evaporation reactor for preventing formation of a polymer gel.

Baffle assembly module for vertical staged polymerization reactors

본 발명은 높은 점도, 많은 처리량, 및 얇은 중합체 깊이의 조합을 위해 수직의 중력 흐름에 의해 작동되는 중합 반응기에 유용한 어셈블리에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 배플 어셈블리 모듈은 복수의 측면 개구를 갖는 지지 구조체를 포함한다. 측면 개구는 중합체 용융물로부터 유리된 증기를 배출시킨다. 어셈블리는 추가적으로 공급물 분할기 및 다음의 수직으로 배열된 둘 이상의 배플판의 열을 포함하되, 공급물 분할기 및 배플은 차례로 지지 구조체 내에 배치된다. 열에서 복수의 평행 배플은, 중합체 용융물이 소정의 배플과 접촉할 때 중합체 용융물이 중력의 힘 하에서 아래 방향으로 움직이도록 경사져 있다. 열들은, 각각의 열(가장 낮은 열 제외)이 모듈에서 가장 마지막의 배플 열에 도달할 때까지 수직으로 인접한 더 낮은 열로 중합체 용융물을 전달하도록 배열된다. 배플 어셈블리 모듈에서 구성요소의 수직 배열에 따라, 그리고 필요시 반응기 내에 배플 어셈블리 모듈을 추가적으로 적층시킴으로써, 중합체 용융물은 반응기 용기 내부의 수직 길이를 따라 단계적으로 하강한다. 또한, 본 발명은 본 발명의 어셈블리가 결합된 중합 반응기 및 본 발명의 어셈블리를 사용함으로써 중합체 용융물의 중합도를 증가시키는 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to assemblies useful in polymerization reactors operated by vertical gravity flow for combination of high viscosity, high throughput, and thin polymer depth. The baffle assembly module of the present invention includes a support structure having a plurality of side openings. The side openings release free vapor from the polymer melt. The assembly additionally comprises a feed divider and a row of two or more vertically arranged baffle plates, with the feed divider and the baffles being in turn disposed within the support structure. The plurality of parallel baffles in a row is inclined such that the polymer melt moves downward under the force of gravity when the polymer melt comes into contact with a given baffle. The rows are arranged to deliver the polymer melt to the lower row vertically adjacent until each row (except the lowest row) reaches the last baffle row in the module. Depending on the vertical arrangement of the components in the baffle assembly module and by further stacking the baffle assembly module in the reactor as needed, the polymer melt is stepped down along the vertical length inside the reactor vessel. The invention also relates to a polymerization reactor incorporating the assembly of the invention and a method of increasing the degree of polymerization of a polymer melt by using the assembly of the ...

Chemical method

Modular set of partitions for vertical stepped polymerisation reactors

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical industry. Proposed modular unit 10 comprises bearing structure 12 with multiple lateral holes to release steam released from polymer melt, separating feeder to separate polymer flow, and two or more vertical partitions 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 including top line 24, bottom line 26, and one or more intermediate line 28, 30, 32, 34. Each line 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 comprises multiple partitions arranged at an angle and shifted in one direction. EFFECT: improved design. 25 cl, 15 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 407 587 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 19/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 05.05.2005 US 11/122,376 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ИСТМАН КЕМИКАЛ КОМПАНИ (US) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.06.2009 2 4 0 7 5 8 7 (45) Опубликовано: 27.12.2010 Бюл. № 36 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4196168 A, 01.04.1980. RU 2097122 C1, 27.11.1997. US 5800791 A, 01.09.1998. US 3841836 A, 15.10.1974. US 4007022 A, 08.02.1977. JP 60-035001 A, 22.02.1985. 2 4 0 7 5 8 7 R U (86) Заявка PCT: US 2006/015771 (25.04.2006) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 05.12.2007 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2006/121616 (16.11.2006) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул.Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", С.А.Дорофееву (54) МОДУЛЬНЫЙ БЛОК ПЕРЕГОРОДОК ДЛЯ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНЫХ СТУПЕНЧАТЫХ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИОННЫХ РЕАКТОРОВ (57) Реферат: Изобретение может быть использовано в химической промышленности. Модульный блок перегородок 10 содержит опорную конструкцию 12, имеющую множество боковых отверстий, выполненных с возможностью выпуска пара, высвобождаемого из полимерного расплава, подающее разделительное устройство для разделения потока полимера, и два или более вертикально расположенных ряда перегородок 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, включающих наиболее ...

Rotating surface of revolution reactor with feed and collection mechanisms

A reactor including a rotatable disc ( 3 ) having a region ( 13 ) in an upper surface ( 5 ) thereof. Reactant ( 15 ) is supplied to the region ( 13 ) by way of a feed ( 4 ), the disc ( 3 ) is rotated at high speed, and the reactant ( 15 ) moves from the region ( 13 ) so as to form a film ( 17 ) on the surface ( 5 ). As the reactant ( 15 ) traverses the surface ( 5 ) of the disc ( 3 ), it undergoes chemical or physical processes before being thrown from the periphery of the disc ( 3 ) into collector means ( 7 ).

DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF HIGH MOLECULAR POLYAEHTYLENE TEREPHTHALATE

Continuous preparation of synthetic resins

Synthetic resins are prepared in two or more treating phases, at least the second phase or a following phase being carried out continuously, the reaction mixture being converted into a thin film by means of a scraping element of helicoidal shape acting along at least one heated cylindrical column, with separate removal of the formed volatile by-products. Important advantages are the efficiency and the continuity of the process, resulting in highly uniform product.

Patent FR2152765B1

Continuous process for the production of polymethylene terephthalate with a high degree of polymerization, the product thus obtained and fibers made therefrom

POLYMERIZATION REACTOR

L'INVENTION EST DU DOMAINE DES REACTEURS DE POLYMERISATION. LE REACTEUR SUIVANT L'INVENTION COMPREND UNE ENCEINTE EXTERIEURE 12, UNE PILE DE BACS RECTANGULAIRE 20 ENFERMANT DES PLATEAUX INCLINES 28 ET DEFINISSANT D'AUTRES PLATEAUX INCLINES 26. UN DISTRIBUTEUR 30 ET DES CHICANES 32 DETERMINENT UNE CIRCULATION, SUIVANT DEUX COURANTS DISTINCTS, D'UN POLYMERE LIQUIDE ADMIS DANS LE REACTEUR PAR LE CONDUIT 14. LES DEUX COURANTS SONT DEFINIS PAR LES PLATEAUX SE TROUVANT A GAUCHE ET A DROITE, RESPECTIVEMENT, DU PLAN DES CHICANES 32. LES PLATEAUX SONT RECTANGULAIRES ET LA SECTION DU COURANT DE POLYMERE COULANT SUR LES PLATEAUX RESTE CONSTANTE. LA VAPEUR QUI SE FORME AU-DESSUS DU LIQUIDE EN TRAITEMENT S'ECHAPPE PAR DES CHEMINS SEPARES DES COURANTS DE LIQUIDE, EN PASSANT PAR LA FACE SUPERIEURE OUVERTE DE CHAQUE BAC ET PAR DES FENETRES 42 DECOUPEES DANS DEUX PAROIS D'EXTREMITE OPPOSEES DE CHAQUE BAC. APPLICATION A UN REACTEUR DE POLYMERISATION POSSEDANT UN ENCOMBREMENT VERTICAL REDUIT. THE INVENTION IS IN THE FIELD OF POLYMERIZATION REACTORS. THE REACTOR FOLLOWING THE INVENTION INCLUDES AN EXTERNAL ENCLOSURE 12, A STACK OF RECTANGULAR BINS 20 ENCLOSING INCLINED TRAYS 28 AND DEFINING OTHER INCLINED TRAYS 26. A DISTRIBUTOR 30 AND CHICANES 32 DETERMINING A CIRCULATION, FOLLOWING TWO DIFFERENT Currents. A LIQUID POLYMER ACCEPTED INTO THE REACTOR THROUGH THE DUCT 14. THE TWO CURRENTS ARE DEFINED BY THE PLATES ON THE LEFT AND RIGHT, RESPECTIVELY, OF THE PLANE OF THE CHICANES 32. THE PLATES ARE RECTANGULAR AND THE SECTION OF THE POLYMER CURRENT FLOWING ON THE TRAYS REMAIN CONSTANT. THE STEAM FORMING ABOVE THE LIQUID UNDER PROCESSING ESCAPES THROUGH PATHS SEPARATE FROM THE FLOWS OF LIQUID, PASSING THROUGH THE OPEN UPPER SIDE OF EACH TANK AND WINDOWS 42 CUT IN TWO OPPOSITE END WALLS OF EACH TANK . APPLICATION TO A POLYMERIZATION REACTOR WITH REDUCED VERTICAL DIMENSIONS.

Patent FR2413417B1

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING DISPERSIONS OF POLYMERS WITH LOW MONOMER CONTENT

SULFONATION PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

Patent FR2449665B1

Reactor-exchanger device for chemical reactions

Method of and apparatus for high intensity heat and/or mass transfer between two or more phases

Heat and/or mass transmission between two or more phases is accomplished by a helical guide for both phases inside a column flowing either in counter-current or in co-current. The phase with a higher specific mass flows within the column along a continuous track formed by an outer helix; the phase with a lower specific mass flows along an internal helix within the column. These flows are brought about by suitable elements which are built-in in a cylindrical column.

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORO-AMINO-S-TRIAZINES

A.L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR LA FABRICATION DE CHLORO-AMINO-S-TRIAZINES PAR REACTION DE CHLORURE DE CYANURYLE AVEC UNE AMINE OU UN A-AMINONITRILE. B.DANS UN REACTEUR 5 DONT ON GARNIT PAR PULVERISATION LA PAROI INTERIEURE D'UNE COUCHE LIQUIDE 4 D'UNE AMINE OU D'UN A-AMINONITRILE, ON PULVERISE SOUS UNE FORME TRES DISPERSEE LE CHLORURE DE CYANURYLE 6 QUI PENETRE DANS CE LIQUIDE ET Y REAGIT TRES RAPIDEMENT. C.CE PROCEDE PERMET, GRACE A LA RAPIDITE DE LA REACTION D'OBTENIR UN RENDEMENT TRES ELEVE, PRATIQUEMENT SANS FORMATION DE PRODUITS SECONDAIRES. A. THE INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORO-AMINO-S-TRIAZINES BY REACTION OF CYANURYL CHLORIDE WITH AN AMINE OR A-AMINONITRILE. B. IN A REACTOR 5 WHOSE INNER WALL IS SPRAYED WITH A LIQUID LAYER 4 OF AN AMINE OR A-AMINONITRILE, THE CYANURYL CHLORIDE 6 IS SPRAYED IN A VERY DISPERSE FORM WHICH ENTERS THIS LIQUID AND REACTS VERY QUICKLY. C. THIS PROCESS ALLOWS, THANKS TO THE RAPIDITY OF THE REACTION, TO OBTAIN A VERY HIGH YIELD, PRACTICALLY WITHOUT FORMATION OF SECONDARY PRODUCTS.

Process for the separation of sulfonated benzenes

Chlorination process for organic compounds

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF 2-ALCOXYL-4,6-DICHLORO-S-TRIAZINES

A.L'INVENTION CONCERNE LA PREPARATION DE 2-ALCOXY-4,6-DICHLORO-S-TRIAZINES PAR LA REACTION DEJA CONNUE DU CHLORURE DE CYANURYLE AVEC DES ALCOOLS EN PRESENCE D'UN AGENT ACCEPTEUR D'ACIDE. B.ON TRAVAILLE DE FACON A OBTENIR DES VITESSES DE MELANGE, ET PAR SUITE DE REACTION, ELEVEES ET UN GRAND DEBIT DANS DE PETITS REACTEURS TUBULAIRES EN INTRODUISANT LE CHLORURE DE CYANURYLE LIQUIDE PAR UNE BUSE 3 EN HAUT D'UN DISPOSITIF DE MELANGE 5, A CONTRE-COURANT DES AUTRES PARTICIPANTS A LA REACTION Y COMPRIS L'ACCEPTEUR D'ACIDE, ARRIVANT PAR LA BASE PAR UNE OU PLUSIEURS BUSES 8, LA REACTION S'EFFECTUANT A LA PRESSION AMBIANTE, EN DEPRESSION OU EN SURPRESSION. C.CE PROCEDE PERMET D'OBTENIR UN EXCELLENT RENDEMENT ET SUPPRIME A PEU PRES COMPLETEMENT LES REACTIONS SECONDAIRES. A. THE INVENTION CONCERNS THE PREPARATION OF 2-ALCOXY-4,6-DICHLORO-S-TRIAZINES BY THE ALREADY KNOWN REACTION OF CYANURYL CHLORIDE WITH ALCOHOLS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ACID ACCEPTOR. B. WE WORK IN A MANNER TO OBTAIN MIXING SPEEDS, AND AS A RESULT OF REACTION, HIGH AND A LARGE FLOW IN SMALL TUBULAR REACTORS BY INTRODUCING LIQUID CYANURYL CHLORIDE THROUGH A NOZZLE 3 AT THE TOP OF A MIXING DEVICE 5, COUNTERCURRENT TO OTHER PARTICIPANTS IN THE REACTION INCLUDING THE ACID ACCEPTOR, ARRIVING THROUGH ONE OR MORE NOZZLES 8, THE REACTION TAKES PLACE TO AMBIENT PRESSURE, DEPRESSION OR OVERPRESSURE. C. THIS PROCESS ALLOWS AN EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE TO BE OBTAINED AND SLOWLY ELIMINATES SIDE REACTIONS.

Patent FR2447941B2

Patent FR2007440A1

Process and apparatus for the continuous preparation of acidic ester mixtures of phosphoric acids

Fabric filling body for substance exchange columns

Patent FR2318176B2

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING IMPROVED AND STABLE POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE

LA PRESENTE INVENTION SE RAPPORTE AUX PROCEDES DE FABRICATION DE RESINES DE TEREPHTALATE DE POLYETHYLENE AMELIOREES ET THERMIQUEMENT STABLES. UN PREPOLYMERE DE TEREPHTALATE DE POLYETHYLENE AYANT UNE VISCOSITE INTRINSEQUE DE 0,2 EST INTRODUIT DANS UN REACTEUR 1 A FILMS ESSUYES DONT UNE PAROI 5 DE LA CHAMBRE EST RECOUVERTE D'UNE SURFACE INTERIEURE 6. LE FILM LIQUIDE 10 EST CHAUFFE A 270C ENVIRON AFIN DE POLYMERISER DAVANTAGE LE TEREPHTALATE PAR CONDENSATION. LE FILM 10 EST ESSUYE PAR QUATRE RACLETTES 15 QUI PARTENT D'UNE PARTIE CENTRALE CREUSE 16 MONTEE SUR UN ARBRE CARRE 17. LE PREPOLYMERE EST INTRODUIT PAR L'ENTREE 21 ET IL QUITTE LE REACTEUR PAR LA SORTIE 23 TANDIS QUE LE GLYCOL EXTRAIT S'ECHAPPE PAR LA SORTIE 24 DES VAPEURS. LA PRESENTE INVENTION EST NOTAMMENT APPLICABLE A LA FABRICATION DE RECIPIENTS POUR BOISSONS GAZEUSES. THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING THERMALLY STABLE IMPROVED AND THERMALLY STABLE POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE RESINS. A POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE PREPOLYMER HAVING AN INTRINSIC VISCOSITY OF 0.2 IS INTRODUCED IN A WIPED-FILM REACTOR 1 WHOSE WALL 5 OF THE CHAMBER IS COVERED WITH AN INTERNAL SURFACE 6. THE LIQUID FILM 10 IS HEATED AT APPROXIMATELY 270C. POLYMERIZE TEREPHTHALATE MORE BY CONDENSATION. THE FILM 10 IS WIPED BY FOUR SQUEEGEES 15 WHICH START FROM A HOLLOW CENTRAL PART 16 MOUNTED ON A SQUARE SHAFT 17. THE PREPOLYMER IS INTRODUCED THROUGH INPUT 21 AND IT LEAVES THE REACTOR THROUGH OUTPUT 23 WHILE THE GLYCOL EXTRACTS ' EXHAUST THROUGH VAPOR OUTLET 24. THE PRESENT INVENTION IS IN PARTICULAR APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS FOR SOFT DRINKS.

Methods and apparatus for reacting gases with liquids

PROCESS FOR THE CONTINUOUS PREPARATION OF A FUSED MASS OF CONDENSED AMMONIUM PHOSPHATES AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR LA PREPARATION CONTINUE DE PHOSPHATES D'AMMONIUM CONDENSES ET UN DISPOSITIF UTILISABLE POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DE CE PROCEDE. ON EFFECTUE CETTE PREPARATION PAR UNE REACTION DE NEUTRALISATION-DESHYDRATATION ENTRE UNE PHASE LIQUIDE CONTENANT DU PHOSPHORE ET UNE PHASE GAZEUSE CONTENANT DE L'AMMONIAC DANS UN REACTEUR VERTICAL A COUCHE MINCE. LE CORPS 1 DU REACTEUR COMPORTE AU MOINS UN FOND DE SUPPORT 2 SUR LEQUEL EST PLACE UN GARNISSAGE ORGANISE ETOU NON ORGANISE 3. DES CONDITIONS SPECIFIEES DOIVENT ETRE RESPECTEES CONCERNANT LE RAPPORT ENTRE LE DIAMETRE EQUIVALENT DES PARTICULES DU GARNISSAGE ET LE DIAMETRE DU CORPS DU REACTEUR, LA POROSITE DU GARNISSAGE ET LE RAPPORT ENTRE LA HAUTEUR TOTALE DU GARNISSAGE ET LE DIAMETRE INTERIEUR DU CORPS DU REACTEUR. APPLICATION A LA PRODUCTION D'ENGRAIS. THE INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR THE CONTINUOUS PREPARATION OF CONDENSED AMMONIUM PHOSPHATES AND TO A DEVICE THAT CAN BE USED FOR CARRYING OUT THIS PROCESS. THIS PREPARATION IS CARRIED OUT BY A NEUTRALIZATION-DEHYDRATION REACTION BETWEEN A LIQUID PHASE CONTAINING PHOSPHORUS AND A GASEOUS PHASE CONTAINING AMMONIA IN A VERTICAL THIN LAYER REACTOR. THE REACTOR BODY 1 CONTAINS AT LEAST A SUBSTRATE 2 ON WHICH IS PLACED AN ORGANIZED AND OR NON-ORGANIZED PADDING 3. SPECIFIED CONDITIONS MUST BE FOLLOWED CONCERNING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EQUIVALENT DIAMETER OF THE PARTICLES OF THE PADDING AND THE DIAMETER OF THE REACTOR BODY, THE POROSITY OF THE LINING AND THE RELATION BETWEEN THE TOTAL HEIGHT OF THE LINING AND THE INSIDE DIAMETER OF THE REACTOR BODY. APPLICATION TO THE PRODUCTION OF FERTILIZERS.

Vapor-liquid contacting equipment, vapor-liquid contacting method, liquid deodorizing method, aroma component production method, and food or beverage

The device of the invention comprises; a contact column 1 A in which a test liquid flows from top to bottom and a vapor flows from bottom to top, a rotary shaft 9 which is inserted vertically in the contact column 1 A, rotors 10 which are provided at different heights on the shaft, and which convert the test liquid into a thin film by centrifugal force and then discharge the test liquid from the outer periphery thereof, and trays 20 which receive the test liquid discharged from an upper rotor and guide the test liquid to the center of a lower rotor. The rotors 10 have furrows 13, which the test liquid flows over when the filmy test liquid flows out from the center of the rotor towards the outer periphery.

Thin film direct current reactor

Thin film reactor

A process is disclosed which comprises the steps of introducing a stream of the organic liquid onto a plurality of rotating reacting surfaces, rotating the reacting surfaces at a velocity such that the organic liquid is continuously formed into a thin film on each reacting surface and is continuously moved as a thin film towards the periphery of each reacting surface by centrifugal force, depositing over each thin film a substantially undiluted stream of a gaseous medium, reacting the organic liquid and gaseous medium on said rotating reacting surfaces, maintaining the pressure during reaction at subatmospheric levels, moving the resulting reaction products in a radially outward direction along each reacting surface and collecting said reaction product. An apparatus for carrying out such process is also disclosed.

Devices for ensuring the methodical flow of a liquid onto a wall and their applications, in particular for the distillation of liquids

Liquid distributor for thin-film, tube-bundle apparatus

A distributor of liquid is disclosed, to be used in chemical apparatus having a bundle of tubes in the interior of which the liquid to be treated is distributed in the form of a thin film flowing on the internal surfaces of the tubes, the improvement consisting in the combination of a bell placed on the top surface of the tube plate and having liquid passageways formed along its bottom edge, a foraminous collar-like component placed at the bell top for feeding the liquid, and a plurality of distribution sleeves having the form of tubes through the sidewalls of which tangential bores are formed, there being one distribution sleeve for each tube of the bundle.

Process and device for the preparation of alkaline condensation phosphates

DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A POLYACETYLENE FILM.

Catalytic partial oxidation of hydrocarbons

A process for the production of a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. The process includes providing a film of a fuel source including at least one organic compound on a wall of a reactor, contacting the fuel source with a source of oxygen, forming a vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen, and contacting the vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen with a catalyst under conditions effective to produce a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. Preferred products include α-olefins and synthesis gas. A preferred catalyst is a supported metal catalyst, preferably including rhodium, platinum, and mixtures thereof.

Process and device for the continuous production of polyvinyl acetate or polystyrene

Thin-film evaporator

A thin-film evaporator with a vertical drum ( 1 ), a supply line ( 4 ) that is arranged in the upper region of the drum ( 1 ) and is used to supply a medium to be evaporated, a heating jacket ( 3 ) arranged on the periphery of the drum and forming vapors, a discharge line ( 20 ) for discharging the residue left in the lower end of the drum, and a condenser ( 11 ) supplied with a coolant, for increasing the separating capacity and optionally for performing chemical reactions, is characterized in that an inner device ( 24 ) influencing the action of the thin-film evaporator is provided in the path of the vapors from the heating jacket ( 3 ) to the condenser ( 11 ).

Sloped tray arrangement for polymerization reactor

An improved polymerization reactor apparatus having a vertically disposed outer shell, a liquid polymer inlet at the top of the shell and a liquid polymer outlet at the bottom of the shell, and a series of downwardly sloping trays for conducting a flow of the liquid polymer in a descending path from the inlet to the outlet; the series of trays being encompassed within a series of essentially rectangular pan assemblies supportedly spaced inwardly from the outer shell and by which pan assemblies the liquid polymer flow is divided into two separated flows of uniform flow cross-section, with vapor from the liquid polymer escaping along paths separated from interference with the liquid polymer flow paths from the open top of each pan assembly and through "windows" or openings in two of the opposite end walls of the pan assembly to the outer shell of the reactor apparatus.

Thin-layer evaporator

THIN FILM TREATMENT APPARATUS

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Dünnschichtbehandlungsapparat 8, umfassend einenRotor 16, der mindestens einen zylinderförmigen Abschnitt 26 aufweist, wobei mindestensein Wischblatt 32,33,34,35,36,41 am zylinderförmigen Abschnitt angeordnet ist und dasWischblatt mindestens zwei Zähne 42,43,44,42',43',44' umfasst, wobei die Zähne mitAbstand voneinander angeordnet sind, wodurch sich eine Lücke bildet, welcher dadurchgekennzeichnet ist, dass das durchschnittliche Verhältnis V zwischen der Länge L einesZahns 41 und der Länge G der an den Zahn angrenzenden Lücke jeweils mehr als 2:1beträgt.

Continuous flow mixing apparatus

A continuous flow liquid mixing apparatus in which a rotor is arranged coaxially within a housing with the mutually facing peripheral surfaces thereof defining a clearance space in the form of an annular passage with a gradually and continuously decreasing radial cross-section. This annular passage serves as a mixing zone having an inlet opening at the larger section end and an outlet opening at the smaller section end thereof. The mutually facing peripheral walls of the rotor and housing are continuous and smooth and free of any interruptions or perforations and preferably the radial dimension of the clearance space is not more than 10 mm and optimally not more than 5 mm. Drive means are provided for imparting relative rotation to the rotor or housing to apply shearing forces to liquid passing through the mixing zone. In the region upstream of the mixing zone, the mutually facing peripheral wall sections of the rotor and housing diverge sharply to provide a feeding space which is free of interruptions in the form of baffles, grooves or the like and the liquid or liquids to be mixed are introduced into this feeding space.

Process for making filled resins

진공 하에서 유지되는 내부 증발기 챔버 및 승온으로 유지되는 내부 챔버 벽을 갖는 와이프트 필름 증발기를 제공하는 단계; 용매계(solvent-borne) 입자 및 유기 매트릭스를 내부 챔버 내로 도입하는 단계; 및 내부 챔버 벽에 대해 박막을 형성함으로써 내부 증발기 챔버 내에서 용매계 입자 및 유기 매트릭스를 배합하는 단계를 포함하고, 박막은 유기 매트릭스 및 입자를 포함하고, 진공 상태 및 승온은 입자 및 유기 매트릭스로부터 용매를 제거하여 충전 수지를 제공하기에 충분한 충전 수지 제조 방법. 생성된 충전 수지 내의 약 10% 미만의 입자가 응괴로 된다. Providing a wafer film evaporator having an inner evaporator chamber maintained under vacuum and an inner chamber wall maintained at elevated temperature; Introducing solvent-borne particles and an organic matrix into the inner chamber; And combining the solvent-based particles and the organic matrix in an inner evaporator chamber by forming a thin film against the inner chamber wall, wherein the thin film comprises an organic matrix and particles, wherein the vacuum state and the temperature rise are from a particle and an organic matrix To provide a filled resin. Less than about 10% of the particles in the resulting filled resin become coalesced.

Catalytic partial oxidation of hydrocarbons

A process for the production of a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. The process includes providing a film of a fuel source including at least one organic compound on a wall of a reactor, contacting the fuel source with a source of oxygen, forming a vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen, and contacting the vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen with a catalyst under conditions effective to produce a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. Preferred products include α-olefins and synthesis gas. A preferred catalyst if a supported metal catalyst, preferably including rhodium, platinum, and mixtures thereof.