Устройство для сбора и утилизации использованных медицинских игл

Полезная модель относится к средствам для сбора с целью последующей утилизации медицинских отходов, а именно, использованных потенциально инфицированных отходов, таких как одноразовые острые и колющие предметы, имеющие контакт с кровью человека: иглы одноразовых шприцов и т.д. Устройство для сбора и утилизации использованных медицинских игл имеет в своем составе блок 1, выполненный из вспененного термопластичного полимерного материала (предпочтительно из пенополистирола), и закрепленную на нем пластину-иглосъемник 2, выполненную из полимерного материала (предпочтительно из полиэтилена) и имеющую отверстия переменного сечения. Достигаемый результат - обеспечение возможности термического агломерирования материала самого устройства и размещенных в нем игл 3 в процессе термической дезинфекции. Заявляемое устройство сможет найти применение в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях, эпидемиологических лабораториях, научно-исследовательских и медицинских учреждениях и иных организациях, в которых ...

Apparatus for transforming organic and inorganic solid urban waste into aggregates

Method and apparatus for transforming organic and inorganic solid urban waste into aggregates, comprising an extruding machine connected to a reactor. The extruding machine is formed by an extrusion cylinder through which a piston circulates inside an extrusion cavity, which comprises three sections and is fed with a parget obtained after pre-processing the waste. The end of the third section is connected to the reactor through an opening. The reactors longitudinal shaft is formed by a rotatory steel shaft in which some steel blades are arranged, whose ends play the roles of cutting, hammering, punching and hydraulic helix as they rotate. Between the end of the blades and the wall of the reactor, there is a clearance of more than 0.1 mm of thickness. The reactor has a discharge valve to discharge the parget present in the boundary area through some openings, once it has been processed by a series of pressure, vibration energy and decompression cycles.

Door for solid waste press

A press (10) for waste has a chamber that is enclosed in part by a sliding door (20). The door has an extrusion section (22) and an expulsion section (24). The extrusion section encloses the chamber while waste (18) is compressed in the chamber to extrude a wet fraction (32) of the waste. The expulsion section abuts the chamber when a remaining dry fraction (40) of the waste expelled. Preferably, the expulsion section is above the extrusion section. Various details of the door account for leakage of wet fraction waste between the chamber and the door.

CEMENT PRODUCTION METHOD, PRODUCTION METHOD FOR KNEADED CEMENT PRODUCT, AND BIOMASS ASH POWDERY MATERIAL

Provided is a technique that enable effective utilization of biomass ash while inhibiting a reduction in the strength of a produced cured cement product. This method has: a step (a) for classifying biomass ash into rough powder and fine powder; and a step (b) for adding the rough powder obtained in step (a) at least to a cement clinker raw material to be put into a cement kiln, to a cement clinker obtained from the cement kiln, or to a cement obtained after a process of pulverizing the cement clinker.

COMPOSITIONS AND CONCRETES THEREOF AND RELATED METHODS AND USES FOR CAPPING MINE WASTE ROCK PILES

FILLING DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TRANSFERRING HAZARDOUS WASTE MATERIAL INTO A SEALABLE CONTAINER

UNWANTED PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION DISPOSAL SYSTEM

Systems and methods for disposing of unwanted pharmaceutical formulations are provided. systems and methods that an individual may use for disposing of unwanted pharmaceutical formulations are provided. Even more specifically, systems and methods that that an individual may use for disposing of unwanted pharmaceutical formulations that include combining the unwanted pharmaceutical formulation with a pharmacological agent activity mitigation component in a disposal container, placing the disposal container in a delivery package, and shipping the delivery package for disposal are provided.

스마트 자동화 고화처리시스템

... 본 발명은 오염토양의 정화 처리공정으로부터 분리 배출되는 탈수케이크를 고형화 및 안정화시켜 개량 토양으로 생산함으로써 폐기되는 자원이 재활용될 수 있게 하며, 사전 입력된 개량 토양의 사용 목적에 따라 고화제의 배합 비율이 자동으로 조정되는 하는 스마트 자동화 고화처리시스템에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 고화제가 수용되며 선택적으로 수용된 고화제를 배출하는 투입호퍼를 포함하고, 오염토양 정화처리시스템으로부터 배출되는 탈수케이크와 상기 투입호퍼에서 배출되는 고화제가 각각 유입되며, 일정 시간동안 유입된 탈수케이크와 고화제를 혼합하면서 이송하여 개량 토양으로 배출하는 고화처리부; 및 기입력된 개량 토양의 사용 목적에 따라 고화제의 배합 비율이 설정되고 설정된 배합 비율에 기반하여 상기 투입호퍼에 수용된 고화제의 배출량을 제어하는 제어부;를 포함하는 것이 특징이다.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for in-container waste treatment

The present invention provides systems, apparatuses, and methods for the treatment of containerized waste, such as hazardous, radioactive and/or mixed waste. The apparatuses and methods employ a combination of thermal decomposition and specialized lances.

Multi-stage separation type solid waste processor

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a multi-stage separation type solid waste treater which comprises a bottom frame and further comprises a cleaning and separating mechanism connected with the bottom frame. The crushing mechanism is connected with the cleaning and separating mechanism; the dust filtering mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism; the forming and curing mechanism is connected with the bottom frame, the forming and curing mechanism comprises a forming mold connected with the bottom frame, and a movable material spreading structure is installed in the bottom frame; and the ash supplementing mechanism is connected with the dust filtering mechanism. After the solid waste is crushed and separated, the forming and curing mechanism carries out bonding forming treatment on the crushed solid waste, so that the solid waste to be buried is landfill blocks with the same structure, and at the moment, due to bonding of the ...

DEVICE TO CONVERT WASTE RESIN INTO A SOLID FORM

Garbage classification recycling system and method based on high-pressure extrusion

The invention discloses a garbage classification recycling system and method based on high-pressure extrusion. The system comprises an other garbage storage unit, a high-pressure extrusion unit, a dry garbage storage unit, a wet garbage storage unit, a dry garbage granulation unit and a wet garbage ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit. Wherein the high-pressure extrusion unit is provided with a roughly classified other garbage inlet, a first dry garbage outlet and a first wet garbage outlet, the roughly classified other garbage inlet is connected with the other garbage storage unit, and the first dry garbage outlet is sequentially connected with the dry garbage storage unit and the dry garbage granulation unit; and the first wet garbage outlet is sequentially connected with the wet garbage storage unit and the wet garbage ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit. According to the system and method, dry garbage and wet garbage are finely classified through high-pressure ...

METHOD FOR TREATING WASTE GYPSUM BOARD AND FLUID TANK TYPE CALCINATION DEVICE USED THEREFOR

Gypsum granular solid obtained by crushing wasted gypsum boards is calcined and converted to hemihydrate and/or anhydrous type III gypsum. The gypsum granular solid is fed by a feeding device from a feed port into a fluidized-bed of a calcining apparatus. The gypsum granular solid after calcination is discharged by a discharging device from a discharge port of the fluidized-bed. The amount of the gypsum granular solid in the fluidized-bed is maintained within a predetermined range by controlling the feeding device and the discharging device. The generation of anhydrous type II gypsum is reduced, and the calcining apparatus can be operated stationarily.

PRESS UNIT AND VEHICLE WITH A PRESS UNIT

METHOD FOR PRODUCING GRANULATED ARTICLE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SINTERED ORE

MOLDING MATERIAL, MOLDED ARTICLE, AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR MOLDING MATERIAL

Provided is a molding material for a material of a molded article including: a biomass material obtained from a water-containing organic matter; and a thermoplastic or a thermosetting resin, the biomass material having a moisture content of 20% or less, a bacterial count of mesophilic aerobic bacteria of 105/g or less, and a maximum exothermic peak by a differential thermal analysis method of 300° C. or higher.

Toxic waste treatment method and treatment equipment

The present invention relates to a toxic waste treatment method and treatment apparatus, the method comprising: a temperature raising operation of raising the temperature of toxic waste solids to a heat treatment temperature selected from 300 DEG C to 600 DEG C at an average temperature raising rate of 5 DEG C/min or less; and a heat treatment operation in which the toxic waste solids are heat-treated at the heat treatment temperature.

Method and plant for waste treatment

The present invention relates to a method and a plant for treating carbon-containing waste that may comprise mineral fillers and/or potential contaminants. This method comprises: preparing a molten glass bath at a temperature between 1100° C. and 1600° C.; loading the waste to be treated into said molten glass bath; injecting an oxidizer and optionally a fuel under pressure into said molten glass bath by means of at least one hose, one end of which is immersed in said bath, said oxidizer being introduced in a molar amount less than the molar amount of the carbon-containing compounds, thus causing combustion of said waste and generation of hot synthesis gases; implementing heat exchange between a heat-transfer fluid and the hot synthesis gases in conditions allowing simultaneous recovery of at least part of their heat energy and at least part of the heat energy released by their combustion, air being injected sequentially into said gases during said heat exchange to cause self-ignition of ...

FILLER BODY TO BE USED IN A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT, AND A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT

A filler body to be used in a construction element. The filler body comprises a plurality of plastic blocks of compressed plastic. Each plastic block has a side wall facing a side wall of another plastic block of the plurality of plastic blocks. The filler body further comprises a flexible plastic member arranged in an interface between said facing side walls. Also, a construction element comprising reinforced concrete, where the reinforced concrete encloses at least one such filler body. Also, a method of forming a block of such a filler body to be used in a construction element.

SEPARATION METHOD

This separation method comprises a supply step (S2) for supplying bubbles, which include at least either nanobubbles or microbubbles, to a mixture that contains a water absorbent polymer and pulp. This separation method comprises a recovery step (S5) for recovering the water absorbent polymer, which has been separated in a mixed liquid that contains the water absorbent polymer and the pulp, since the water absorbent polymer to which bubbles are adhering floats, while pulp settles out in the mixed liquid. This separation method separates a water absorbent polymer and pulp from each other.

A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A RECYCLABLE ARTICLE FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

A method for manufacturing a recyclable article from municipal solid waste (MSW) without addition of binders is disclosed. The method includes aspects of processing, a proportionate quantity of biodegradable waste and non-biodegradable waste to form a mixture. The processed mixture is loaded into a mould placed in a melter (9). The processed mixture is subsequently melted in the melter (9) at a pre-determined temperature and pre-determined pressure, where the non-biodegradable waste circumscribes and form a bond with the biodegradable waste during melting. The melted mixture is compressed in a compression moulding device (10) at a pressure ranging from 0.1 Kg/cm2to 3.0 Kg/cm2. Further, the compression of the melted mixture is carried out under supply of a coolant for solidifying and forming the article.

HIGH CARBON RECOVERED PAPER AND PLASTIC MATERIALS WITH REDUCED ENDOTOXIN LEVELS

Provided herein are composite materials comprising at least 70 wt.% thermally consolidated recovered paper and plastic fragments and less than 5,000 ng water-soluble endotoxin per gram of composite materials, as well as methods of preparing said composite materials and methods of sanitizing recovered waste materials.

CONSTRUCTION COMPOSITE FROM THE RESIDUE OF MIXED MUNICIPAL WASTE AFTER MECHANICAL TREATMENT, PROCESS OF ITS PREPARATION AND INSTALLATION

METHODS FOR SAFE DISPOSAL OF MERCURY FROM MERCURY-CONTAMINATED WASTE

A method for treating and disposing of mercury—from mercury-contaminated waste—includes recovering high-purity mercury (e.g., greater than about 99.0 wt. % elemental Hg) from the mercury-contaminated waste. The high-purity mercury is converted to mercuric sulfide (HgS). The mercuric sulfide (HgS) is intermixed with a polymer-based material to form an encapsulated mercury material. The encapsulated mercury material is disposed within a sealed waste container. The sealed waste container is disposed of at a landfill site. Also disclosed is a mercury-including waste product that comprises pellets. The pellets comprise mercuric sulfide within a polymer material.

APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING WASTE BATTERY

An apparatus for processing a waste battery is proposed. The apparatus includes a conveying unit having a conveying belt rotated by a plurality of rotating shafts which are rotated to convey the supplied waste battery in one direction, a pulverizer disposed on a position along a travelling direction of the conveying unit to pulverize the waste battery, a heater disposed on a downstream side of the pulverizer to heat dust formed by the pulverizer, a collector collecting the dust which passes through the pulverizer and the heater, a filter part filtering a pulverized material of the collector, a mixer supplying an additive to the dust discharged from a discharge pipe of the filter part, and a compressor compressing a mixture mixed in the mixer.

Integrated ion-exchange disposal and treatment system

A canister for interim storage and subsequent consolidation of waste materials via hot pressing and comprising at least one ion exchange material. The canister is configured to house the ion exchange material after it is exchanged with a contaminating ion without releasing the contaminating ion and to consolidate waste materials via hot-isostatic pressing. A method comprising contacting a fluid waste with an ion exchange material.

PLASTIC COMPOSITION

A plastic composition consisting essentially of plastic matter, inorganic matter, and organic matter. The plastic composition has a notched izod impact above 12 J/m, a surface energy of at least 40 dyne/cm and, and when the plastic composition is subjected to injection molding, at least one of a tensile strength of above about 2.7 MPa, a tensile modulus of above about 600 MPa, a flexural modulus above about 690 MPa, a flexural strength above about 5.6 MPa, and a Charpy Impact above about 1.5 KJ/m2.

ENHANCED DROSS FEEDSTOCK

The efficiency of roasting black dross can be improved by pre-processing the black dross before roasting. Black dross can be crushed and reconstituted into pellets having internal channels. The internal channels can be filled with additives designed to fully oxidize during a dross roasting process, enabling the internal channels to be open and gas to flow therethrough during a dross roasting process. The crushed black dross can be crushed to pieces below 10 mm and screened for larger pieces prior to pelletizing to ensure consistent pellets. Optionally, an eddy current separator can remove some metallic aluminum from the crushed black dross prior to pelletizing. 1. A reconstituted metal recycling byproduct , comprisingdross, wherein the dross comprises aluminum oxides; andadditive selected to oxidize or decompose at temperature at or below 800° C.;wherein the dross and the additive are agglomerated together into a pellet, and wherein the additive is located within the pellet such that one or more channels through the pellet are exposed upon oxidation of the additive.2. The reconstituted metal recycling byproduct of claim 1 , wherein the additive comprises post-consumer scrap or waste materials from other industries.3. The reconstituted metal recycling byproduct of claim 1 , wherein the dross of the pellet comprises agglomerated dross particles each having an average diameter at or below 10 mm.4. The reconstituted metal recycling byproduct of claim 1 , further comprising a fuel additive claim 1 , wherein the fuel additive is selected to facilitate fueling a dross treatment reaction.5. The reconstituted metal recycling byproduct of claim 1 , wherein each of the pellets has an average diameter within a range of 5 mm to 50 mm.6. The reconstituted metal recycling byproduct of claim 1 , wherein the dross further comprises salt.7. A method of treating the metal recycling byproduct of claim 1 , comprising:providing dross pellets, wherein each of the dross pellets comprises ...

High-density subterranean storage system for nuclear fuel and radioactive waste

An underground ventilated system for storing nuclear waste materials. The system includes a storage module having an outer shell defining an internal cavity and an inner shell. A majority of the height of the outer shell may be disposed below grade. The outer shell may include a hermetically sealed bottom. First and second canisters are positioned in lower and upper portions within the cavity respectively in vertically stacked relationship. A centering and spacing ring assembly is interspersed between the first and second canisters to transfer the weight of the upper second canister to the lower first canister. The assembly may include centering lugs which laterally restrain the first and second canisters in case of a seismic event. A natural convection driven ventilated air system cools the canisters to remove residual decay heat to the atmosphere. In one non-limiting embodiment, the shells are made of steel.

APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING WASTE BATTERY

An apparatus for processing a waste battery is proposed. The apparatus includes a conveying unit having a conveying belt rotated by a plurality of rotating shafts which are rotated to convey the supplied waste battery in one direction, a pulverizer disposed on a position along a travelling direction of the conveying unit to pulverize the waste battery, a heater disposed on a downstream side of the pulverizer to heat dust formed by the pulverizer, a collector collecting the dust which passes through the pulverizer and the heater, a filter part filtering a pulverized material of the collector, a mixer supplying an additive to the dust discharged from a discharge pipe of the filter part, and a compressor compressing a mixture mixed in the mixer.

METHOD FOR RECYCLING A BLADE OF A WIND TURBINE

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verwerten eines Flügels (1) einer Windkraftanlage, wobei der Flügel (1) zwecks Verstärkung Kohlenstofffasern aufweist. Um zu ermöglichen, dass eine Entsorgung der Flügel ohne gesundheitliche Gefährdung erfolgen kann, und gleichermaßen das Fasermaterial der Flügel vorteilhaft zu nutzen, sieht das Verfahren die Schritte vor: a) Zuführen des Flügels (1) zu einer mechanischen Bearbeitungseinheit (2); b) Abscheren oder Absägen von Teilen (3) des Flügels (1) in der mechanischen Bearbeitungseinheit (2) mittels einer Schere (4) oder einer Säge; c) Versiegeln zumindest eines Abschnitts der Scher- oder Sägefläche (5) des Teils (3) durch Aufbringung eines Hilfsstoffs in der mechanischen Bearbeitungseinheit (2); d) Ausbringen der Teile (3) aus der mechanischen Bearbeitungseinheit (2); e) Verbringen der Teile (3) zu einer schmelzmetallurgischen Anlage (6), in der eine metallische Schmelze (7) erzeugt wird; f) Einbringen einer Anzahl von Teilen (3) in die metallische ...

Sintering flue gas desulfurizer and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization, in particular to a sintering flue gas desulfurizer and a preparation method thereof.The sintering flue gas desulfurizer is prepared from, by weight, 100-800 parts of lime waste residues, 200-500 parts of binder, 2-25 parts of catalytic component, 30-120 parts of pore forming agent and 50-150 parts of biomass water-retaining agent, the sintering flue gas desulfurizer is prepared through a specific method, the desulfurizer has the advantages of being large in radial crushing strength, high in porosity, long in penetration time, high in penetration sulfur capacity, high in desulfurization efficiency and the like, multiple waste materials such as lime waste residues and animal husbandry waste are fully utilized in the preparation process, and the use cost of the desulfurizer of an enterprise is reduced.

While-drilling treatment device for drilling oil base rock debris

The invention relates to a drilling oil base rock debris while-drilling treatment device which comprises a pretreatment device, a cleaning device, a solid-liquid separation device, a medicament regeneration device, a solid phase drying device, a condensing device and a heat supply device, one end of the cleaning device is connected with the pretreatment device, and the other end of the cleaning device is connected with the solid-liquid separation device; a liquid phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation device is connected with the medicament regeneration device, and a solid phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation device is connected with the solid phase drying device. One end of the solid-phase drying device is connected with the condensing device, and the other end is connected with the heat supply device. The device can recycle high-value foundation mud for drilling operation production; meanwhile, in the cleaning and cleaning agent recycling process, circulating slurry heat is ...

Separation method

The separation method includes a supply step (S2) for supplying bubbles containing at least one of nanobubbles and microbubbles into a mixture containing a water-absorbing polymer and a pulp. The separation method includes a recovery step (S5) for recovering the water-absorbing polymer that is separated in a mixed liquid containing the water-absorbing polymer and the pulp because the water-absorbing polymer to which air bubbles adhere floats upward and the pulp settles in the mixed liquid. The separation method separates the water-absorbing polymer and the pulp from each other.

PREPARATION OF NICKEL-BASED ALLOYS USING WASTE MATERIALS

The present invention relates generally to methods for the preparation of nickel-based alloys using waste materials, and more particularly to the preparation of nickel-based alloys using spent batteries.

High-density subterranean storage system for nuclear fuel and radioactive waste

An underground ventilated system for storing nuclear waste materials. The system includes a storage module having an outer shell defining an internal cavity and an inner shell. A majority of the height of the outer shell may be disposed below grade. The outer shell may include a hermetically sealed bottom. First and second canisters are positioned in lower and upper portions within the cavity respectively in vertically stacked relationship. A centering and spacing ring assembly is interspersed between the first and second canisters to transfer the weight of the upper second canister to the lower first canister. The assembly may include centering lugs which laterally restrain the first and second canisters in case of a seismic event. A natural convection driven ventilated air system cools the canisters to remove residual decay heat to the atmosphere. In one non-limiting embodiment, the shells are made of steel.

Filling devices, systems and methods for transferring hazardous waste material into a sealable container

The present invention provides systems, methods and devices for storing and/or disposing of hazardous waste material such as calcined material. In certain embodiments, the system comprises a filling nozzle having a valve body having a distal end and an outer surface, the outer surface proximate the distal end being configured to sealingly and removeably couple to an inner surface of a filling port of the container. In certain embodiments, the method comprises (a) coupling an outer surface of a filling nozzle with an inner surface of a filling port of a container to form a first seal (b) adding hazardous waste material into the container (c) decoupling the filling port from the filling nozzle and (d) inserting a fill plug into the filling port, the fill plug forming a second seal with the inner surface of the filling port, the second seal being distally spaced from at least a portion of the first seal with respect to the container.

Plastic composition

A plastic composition consisting essentially of plastic matter, inorganic matter, and organic matter. The plastic composition has a notched izod impact above 12 J/m, a surface energy of at least 40 dyne/cm and, and when the plastic composition is subjected to injection molding, at least one of a tensile strength of above about 2.7 MPa, a tensile modulus of above about 600 MPa, a flexural modulus above about 690 MPa, a flexural strength above about 5.6 MPa, and a Charpy Impact above about 1.5 KJ/m2.

Device for wholly treating urban and rural mixed household refuse at low temperature on site and using method thereof

A device for wholly treating urban and rural mixed household refuse at low temperature on site is provided. The device includes a vibration sieving and crushing system, a magnetic separator, conveyor belts, a magnetic pulse mineralization reactor and a tail gas purifying device. By using the device, urban and rural mixed household refuse is continuously fed; the mixed household refuse is sieved by the vibrating sieve according to viscosity, weight and size; nonferrous metal is sieved through a magnetic field; and organic substances are conveyed to the magnetic pulse mineralization mixed household refuse treatment device for terminal treatment. So, efficient reduction and harmlessness of the organic substances in the mixed household refuse are realized, and the pollution of organic wastes on the environment is effectively eliminated.

Coal-based energizing adhesive and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to a coal-based energizing adhesive which comprises hazardous wastes, oil shale semicoke framework powder and an auxiliary modified material. The briquette energizing adhesive special for briquette fuel manufacturing contains non-metallic minerals and oil shale semicoke skeleton powder which have adsorption and dispersion effects, so that the adhesive is green and environment-friendly, high in viscosity, high in bonding strength and good in water resistance; the briquette energizing adhesive prepared by the invention is an intermediate product for briquette fuel manufacturing and is specially applied to manufacturing briquette fuel taking low-calorific-value coal, coal slime and coal gangue as raw materials, and the briquette fuel product is suitable for replacing cement kiln coal fuel, thermoelectricity, heat supply and coal chemical industry enterprises; according to the invention, the energy-saving, consumption-reducing and environment-friendly effects are obvious ...

Processing post-industrial and post-consumer waste streams and preparation of post-industrial and post-consumer products therefrom

A system for and method of, processing post-consumer and post-industrial waste streams, producing active ingredients for waste stream processing, processing aqueous waste streams, preparing and collecting a multi-purpose chemical precursor, removing phosphates, nitrates, heavy metals, and other contaminants from aqueous waste streams, collecting and processing a post-consumer and post-industrial product from aqueous waste streams, administering and positioning assets and processes associated with waste stream processing, and scheduling operations for sub-systems of the system.

Treatment method for recycling waste mud soil

The invention discloses a waste mud soil recycling treatment method which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing slurry containing alkaline porous hardened aggregates: firstly, sequentially adding a retarder, a curing agent and a flocculating agent into waste mud to form a floc structure in the slurry, discharging supernate after settling, then adding an exciting agent into the slurry, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry containing alkaline porous hardened aggregates; after the exciting agent is added, the floc structure in the slurry becomes a porous hardened aggregate; performing vacuum filtration and dehydration on the slurry to obtain slurry containing the alkaline porous hardened aggregate; (2) preparing an acidic mud cake: adding an acidic admixture and a flocculating agent into the waste mud, and performing high-pressure plate-frame pressure filtration dehydration on the treated mud to obtain the acidic mud cake after dehydration; and (3) mixing and stirring the slurry ...

Method for inhibiting generation of mine acid wastewater from source

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting generation of acid mine wastewater from the source, which comprises the following steps: adding a substance containing monovalent cations into waste rocks of a mine, and controlling the pH value of the reaction to be 1-2.5 by using a pH regulating agent. According to the method, in the reaction pH range of 1-2.5, monovalent cations react with high iron ions and sulfate ions generated by oxidation of the pyrite in the waste rock to generate the iron vitriol precipitate, the generated iron vitriol precipitate is adsorbed to the surfaces of the oxidized pyrite and the unoxidized pyrite to form a compact protective film, further oxidation of the pyrite can be inhibited, and the effect of the pyrite is improved. And the purpose of inhibiting the generation of acidic wastewater from the source is achieved.

Fly ash chelating and curing mixing mill

The invention relates to a fly ash chelating and curing mixing mill which comprises a supporting frame body, a mixing mill body and a material receiving device, the mixing mill body is arranged on the supporting frame body, a discharging pipe is arranged on the lower portion of the mixing mill body, a connecting base is arranged on the discharging pipe in a penetrating mode, and a plurality of connecting blocks distributed around the axis of the discharging pipe are arranged on the connecting base; the connecting block is provided with a hanging arm, the material receiving device comprises a material receiving ton bag, the outer side wall of a bag opening of the material receiving ton bag is fixedly connected with a plurality of hanging ring belts, the hanging ring belts are hung on the hanging arm, the lower portion of the discharging pipe is inserted into the material receiving ton bag from the bag opening of the material receiving ton bag, and the connecting block is provided with a ...

Method of treating an alkaline granular carbonatable material

The invention concerns a method of treating an alkaline granular carbonatable material which contains aluminium metal and which has in particular a pH of at least 10. The method comprises an oxidation step wherein at least a portion of said aluminium metal is oxidised by contact with moisture. The aluminium should be oxidised to avoid swelling problems when using the granular material as aggregate. In the method according to the invention this oxidation is accelerated by providing at least one oxidising agent in said moisture, which oxidising agent has a higher redox potential than the water contained in said moisture. The method further comprises a carbonation step wherein the granular carbonatable material is at least partially carbonated to lower the pH thereof. In this way the formation of ettringite, which may also release aluminium ions which causing further swelling problems, can be avoided in the granular material or any ettringite present therein can be destabilised.

Low-Shrinkage Binder System

The invention relates to mixtures containing alkali-activatable aluminosilicate binders, characterized in that the mixture contains organosiloxane compounds, to the use of organosiloxane compounds for reducing shrinkage in alkali-activatable aluminosilicate binders and to the use for hydrophobization of alkali-activatable aluminosilicate binders. The invention furthermore relates to joint mortars, levelling compounds or coatings which contain the mixtures according to the invention.

Composition for building material and a process for the preparation thereof

The present invention provides a composition and a process for the preparation of chemical activated cold setting fly ash building construction materials. The chemical activator is an alkaline aqueous solution of 11.2 to 13.6 in pH and 1.25 to 1.40 gm/cc in density which contains admixtures of different concentrations of hydroxyl, sulfate, acetate and chloride bearing chemical salts of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and aluminum in water medium. The reaction of chemical activator solution and the mineral constituents of fly ash mix develop binding property. The binding matrix of chemical activated fly ash mix is mostly hydrous silica and silicate group of phases which on setting under atmospheric condition attains strength suitable for building construction application. Utilization of fly ash of any source by weight ranges from 80 to 99% in manufacture of building materials including heat and acid resistance and toxic waste disposal products.

Calcium Aluminate Cement-Containing Inorganic Polymer Compositions and Methods of Making Same

Inorganic polymer compositions and methods for their preparation are described herein. The compositions include the reaction product of a reactive powder, an activator, and optionally a retardant. The reactive powder includes fly ash and calcium aluminate cement in an amount of 5% by weight or greater of the reactive powder. The reactive powder can include less than 8% by weight of portland cement. Also described herein are building materials including the compositions.

Low Water Content Inorganic Polymer Compositions and Methods of Making Same

Inorganic polymer compositions and methods for their preparation are described herein. The compositions include the reaction product of a reactive powder, an activator, optionally a retardant, and water. The reactive powder includes 85% by weight or greater fly ash. The ratio of water to reactive powder is from 0.06:1 to less than 0.15:1. Also described herein are building materials including the compositions.

System and Method for Disposal of Mutagen Waste

An assembly and method for processing human waste includes providing a supporting base having an opening within which a waste reservoir is affixed. The assembly may be installed on or below a rim of a toilet bowl. Solidification and pathogen killing materials are provided. The materials are deposited in the reservoir either prior to or upon accumulation of waste in the reservoir. The reservoir with the solidified waste is then sealed and transported to a collection facility.

Lactate activated cement and activator compositions

Cementitious compositions in which the cementitious properties of fly ash are carefully controlled are described. The cementitious compositions may be substantially free harsh acids and bases such as citric acids (≈pH 2.2) and alkali metal activators including alkali hydroxides (≈pH 12-14) and metal carbonates (≈pH 11.6). The use of these harsh chemicals creates acid base reactions during use of the products. Instead of these harsh chemicals, a lactic acid salt based activator is be used as a reaction accelerator. Boric compounds may be used as a retarder in the compositions.

SULFUR STEEL-SLAG AGGREGATE CONCRETE

A sulfur-steel slag aggregate concrete, and methods of preparing the sulfur-steel slag aggregate concrete and disposing of elemental sulfur, are disclosed. In embodiments, the sulfur-steel slag aggregate concrete includes elemental sulfur, steel slag aggregate, limestone powder, and sand. Modifiers, such as plasticizers, are not required and are not used in embodiments of the sulfur-sand limestone mortar. In embodiments of the method to prepare the sulfur-steel slag aggregate concrete, each of the elemental sulfur, limestone powder, steel-slag, and sand are heated to at least 140 C, then combined, and then allowed to solidify. 1. A sulfur concrete composition , the sulfur concrete composition comprising:elemental sulfur;steel slag aggregate;limestone powder; andquartz sand, the elemental sulfur being heated to at least 140 C to create a liquid state, and the steel slag aggregate, the limestone powder, and the sand each being heated to at least 140 C and then combined with the liquid state elemental sulfur, and the elemental sulfur then solidifying through cooling to create a solid state concrete composition.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the limestone powder has a fineness that allows it to pass through a No. 100 sieve.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises about 40-50% steel slag aggregate.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises about 25-30% by weight sand.5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises about 10-15% by weight limestone powder.6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises about 15-20% by weight sulfur.7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises about 40-50% by weight steel slag aggregate claim 1 , about 25-30% by weight sand claim 1 , about 10-15% by weight limestone powder claim 1 , and about 15-20% by weight sulfur.8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

ACID AND HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANT CEMENT COMPOSITES

Process for production of acid and high temperature resistant cement composites, where the matrix is alkali activated F fly ash alone, F Fly ash combined with ground slag or ground slag alone. F-fly ash produces lower quality alkali activated cement systems. On the other hand the lack of calcium oxide results in very high resistance to medium and highly concentrated inorganic or organic acids. The high strength and low permeability of pure F-fly ash cement systems is achieved by using in the composition un-densified silica fume, the amorphous silicone dioxide obtained as by products in production of ferro-silicones. Precipitated nano-particle silica made from soluble silicates and nano-particle silica fume produced by burning silicon tetra chloride in the hydrogen stream. 1. Acid and high temperature resistant cement composites , comprising a matrix of F fly ash particles ranging from 1 micron to 150 microns and/or ground slag containing around 30% by weight of calcium oxide alkali activated by sodium silicate and/or potassium hydroxides in combination with alkali metal silicates , where a concentration of potassium or sodium hydroxides varies from 3.0% to 15.0% by weight , based on a weight of the matrix (binder) , defined as a weight of F-Fly ash alone or F-Fly ash in combination with ground slag , a concentration of liquid sodium or potassium silicate varies from 3-30% by weight , based on liquid sodium or potassium silicates , containing 8.9% NaO or KO and 28.7% SiO , this based on a weight of the matrix (binder) , when using solid sodium or potassium silicates , a typical content varies from 1% to 15% by a weight of the matrix (binder) , this based on the weight of the matrix (binder) , wherein solid sodium or potassium silicates contain 19% NaO or KO and 61% of SiO2. Acid and high temperature resistant cement composites according to claim 1 , comprising retarders comprising at least one of citric acid claim 1 , sodium citrate claim 1 , tartaric acid and sodium ...

Comb polymers as dispersants for alkaline activated binders

A comb polymer that is a dispersant in a binder composition includes an alkaline activating agent, wherein the activating agent is intended for activation of a latently hydraulic and/or puzzolanic binder, and wherein the comb polymer has a polymer backbone formed from a plurality of backbone monomers and a plurality of polymeric side chains each formed from a plurality of side chain monomers and bonded thereto, and wherein at least some of the backbone monomers have one or more ionizable groups, and features a structure constant K of the comb polymer, defined as K=[(N−1)z] 2 /nP 915 N 3/5 ×10 5 , at least equal to 70, where n is the average number of side chains per comb polymer molecule, N is the average number of backbone monomers per side chain, P is the average number of side chain monomers per side chain, and z is the average number of ionizable groups per side chain-free backbone monomer.

FLOWABLE CONCRETE WITH SECONDARY ACCELERATOR

A concrete, mortar or grout formulation comprises two separate components: a concrete admixture comprising: (a) a concrete mixture; (b) alkali carbonate; (c) aretarder; and (d) water, an accelerator mixture comprising: (a) anaccelerator component; and (b) water. 1. A concrete , mortar or grout formulation comprising two separate components:a concrete mixture comprising:(a) a concrete mixture;(b) alkali carbonate;(c) a retarder; and(d) water.an accelerator mixture comprising:(a) an accelerator component; and(b) water.2. The concrete composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkali carbonate is selected from the group consisting of:potassium carbonate; sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate; ammonium carbonate and mixtures thereof.3. The concrete composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of alkali carbonate is from 0.1 to 2% by dry weight of the concrete mixture.4. (canceled)5. Canceled.6. The concrete composition of claim 3 , wherein the amount of alkali carbonate is from 0.35 to 0.4%.7. The concrete formulation of claim 1 , wherein the retarder is selected from the group consisting of hydroxycarboxylic acids and salts thereof and phosphonic acids and salts thereof.8. The concrete composition of claim 7 , wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of citric acid claim 7 , gluconic acid claim 7 , tartaric acid and salts thereof.9. The concrete composition claim 1 , wherein the retarder comprises a sugar composition.10. The concrete composition of claim 9 , wherein the retarder comprises a sugar composition selected from the group consisting of: glucose claim 9 , molasses; corn syrup and mixtures thereof.11. (canceled)12. The concrete composition of claim 7 , wherein the retarder is a phosphonic acid selected from aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) claim 7 , phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid and aminotris(dimethylphosphonic acid).13. (canceled)14. The concrete composition of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of carbonate to retarder is in the range of ...

CONCRETE MIX AND PRODUCTS INCLUDING RECYCLED PORCELAIN

A concrete mix for use in forming molded concrete end products is disclosed. The concrete mix includes treated porcelain kernels, cement and sand. The treated porcelain kernels are formed from recycled and currently unusable porcelain products. The porcelain products are crushed and processed to create porcelain kernels having a desired size. The porcelain kernels having the desired size are mixed with cement and sand and the concrete mix is packaged for subsequent use. The concrete mix including the porcelain kernels formed from recycled porcelain products allows the porcelain end products to be recycled while providing concrete products that have lighter weight and greater flame resistance. 17-. (canceled)8. A method of forming a concrete mix , comprising the steps of:receiving a supply of recycled porcelain, wherein the recycled porcelain is obtained from recycled porcelain consumer products;processing the recycled porcelain to create finished porcelain kernels;mixing the finished porcelain kernels with at least cement and sand to create the concrete mix; andpackaging the concrete mix for use in forming an end product.9. The method of wherein the porcelain kernels have a size in the range between 0.0117″ to 0.750″.10. The method of wherein the treated porcelain kernels have a most preferred sizing between 0.265″ and 0.375″.11. The method of wherein the treated porcelain kernels constitute at least 35% of the concrete mix by weight.12. The method of wherein the cement includes fly ash and at least 30% of the packaged concrete mix by weight is formed from recycled porcelain and fly ash.1318-. (canceled) The present application is based on and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/823,630 filed May 15, 2013, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.The present disclosure generally relates to a concrete mix that can be used in forming a variety of molded end products. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to ...

High-density subterranean storage system for nuclear fuel and radioactive waste

An underground ventilated system for storing nuclear waste materials. The system includes a storage module having an outer shell defining an internal cavity and an inner shell. A majority of the height of the outer shell may be disposed below grade. The outer shell may include a hermetically sealed bottom. First and second canisters are positioned in lower and upper portions within the cavity respectively in vertically stacked relationship. A centering and spacing ring assembly is interspersed between the first and second canisters to transfer the weight of the upper second canister to the lower first canister. The assembly may include centering lugs which laterally restrain the first and second canisters in case of a seismic event. A natural convection driven ventilated air system cools the canisters to remove residual decay heat to the atmosphere. In one non-limiting embodiment, the shells are made of steel.

GEOPOLYMER CONCRETES FOR ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATIONS

A geopolymer thermal energy storage (TES) concrete product comprising at least one binder; at least one alkali activator; at least one fine aggregate with high thermal conductivity and heat capacity; and at least one coarse aggregate with high thermal conductivity and heat capacity. 1. A geopolymer thermal energy storage (TES) concrete product comprising:at least one binder;at least one alkali activator;at least one fine aggregate; andat least one coarse aggregate;wherein the TES concrete product has a high thermal conductivity and heat capacity.2. The product of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder is selected from the group consisting of: low-Ca class F fly ash claim 1 , metakaolin claim 1 , blast furnace slag claim 1 , Class C fly ash claim 1 , and vitreous calcium aluminosilicate.3. The product of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder comprises 10 to 35 wt. % of the concrete mix for TES.4. The product of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder is low-Ca class fly ash with CaO less or equal to 15 wt. %.5. The product of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder comprises low-Ca class fly ash and metakaolin.6. The product of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder is metakaolin.7. The product of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder comprises blast furnace slag and metakaolin.8. The product of claim 1 , wherein the at least one alkali activator comprises metal hydroxide claim 1 , metal silicate and water claim 1 , wherein the metal is potassium claim 1 , sodium or combinations of both.9. The product of claim 8 , wherein the metal hydroxide comprises 1 to 8 wt. % as MO (M=Na claim 8 , K or both) of the TES concrete product claim 8 , wherein the metal silicate comprises 2 to 16 wt. % as SiOof the TES concrete product claim 8 , and wherein the alkali activator comprises water at 4 to 20 wt. % of the TES concrete product.10. The product of claim 8 , wherein the at least one alkali activator has a w/b of 0.25 to 0.60 claim 8 , a molar SiO/MO ratio of 0 ...

Method for the treatment of an object contaminated with metallic particles

Methods for the treatment of metallic particles such as heavy metal particles and objects contaminated with the metallic particles. For the treatment of objects contaminated with the metallic particles, a stabilizing composition may be applied to the object with or without a fixation agent. For the treatment of free-flowing metallic particles, an agglomeration agent may be used with or without a stabilizing agent.

Method for the treatment of metallic particles and objects contaminated with metallic particles

Methods for the treatment of metallic particles such as heavy metal particles and objects contaminated with the metallic particles. For the treatment of objects contaminated with the metallic particles, a stabilizing composition may be applied to the object with or without a fixation agent. For the treatment of free-flowing metallic particles, an agglomeration agent may be used with or without a stabilizing agent.

METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR FORMING RECLAMATION STRUCTURES

A method of forming a structure includes a) excavating a material; b) homogenizing the material; c) ensuring aluminosilicate levels in the material; d) increasing alkaline levels of the material; e) foaming the material; and f) injecting the material onto a surface, wherein the material forms into a foam-like structure when injected. 1. A method of forming a structure , the method comprising:a) excavating a material;b) homogenizing the material;c) ensuring aluminosilicate levels in the material;d) increasing alkaline levels of the material;e) foaming the material; andf) injecting the material onto a surface, wherein the material forms into a foam-like structure when injected.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein step d) comprises adding an alkaline material.4. The method of any of claim 1 , wherein step c) comprises adding a binder material to the mixture.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the binder material comprises fly ashes claim 4 , blast furnace slag claim 4 , calcined clays claim 4 , waste glass claim 4 , waste stone and/or rock wool.6. (canceled)7. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more steps of the method are performed using a dosing system.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein step f) comprises injecting the material using an injection mouth.9. The method of any of claim 1 , wherein the material is injected onto a subsea surface.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the foam-like structure solidifies once injected.11. (canceled)12. The method of claim 1 , wherein step e) comprises:mechanically mixing air into the material or pressurizing the material and adding compressed air to the material.13. (canceled)14. The method of claim 1 , wherein step e) comprises:adding a foaming agent into the material.15. The method of claim 1 , wherein step e) comprises:adding a metal powder to the material.16. The method of claim 1 , and further comprising:adding a catalytic ignition agent to the material.17. (canceled)18. A reclamation system comprising:means for excavating ...

ADMIXTURE FOR HYDRAULIC COMPOSITION

To provide a chemical agent whereby adjustment of air volume is easier, particularly in a hydraulic composition having fly ash blended therein. An admixture for a hydraulic composition, having a structure indicated by general formula (1) and including a carbon blocker including either one type of compound selected from a group comprising phosphate esters or at least two mixtures; and a water-reducing agent. (In the formula, Rindicates a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or a (meth)acryloyl group, AO indicates a C2-3 oxyalkylene group, n indicates an average added molar number for the oxyalkylene group AO of 2-150, m indicates an integer between 1 and 3, M indicates a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, a group II metal atom, an ammonium group, or an organic ammonium group.) 2. The admixture for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 , which further contains a glycol ether having a structure represented by formula (2){'br': None, 'sup': 2', '2, 'sub': 'p', 'R—O-(AO)—H\u2003\u2003(2)'}wherein{'sup': '2', 'Rdenotes an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms,'}{'sup': '2', 'AO denotes an oxyalkylene group having 2-3 carbon atoms, and'}{'sup': '2', 'p denotes the average number of added moles of the oxyalkylene group AO, and is 2-150.'}3. The admixture for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the water-reducing agent includes at least one type selected from the group consisting of lignin sulfonic acid-based water-reducing agents claim 1 , polycarboxylic acid-based water-reducing agents and naphthalene sulfonic acid-based water-reducing agents.4. The admixture for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 , which further contains an anti-foaming agent.5. The admixture for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 , which further contains an air entraining agent.6. The admixture for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 , which is an admixture for a hydraulic composition having fly ...

Activator composition and methods for making concrete

An activator composition for a non-OPC hydraulically-active material comprises CaO or lime and a polycarboxylate-ether-based (PCE) superplasticiser, and is mixable with a hydraulically active material comprising ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and/or pulverized fuel ash (PFA) to form a cementitious binder. The cementitious binder does not comprise any Portland cement and is, therefore, more environmentally friendly.

High Strength Reduced Elastic Modulus Concrete

Concrete that exhibits increased flexibility (i.e., low modulus of elasticity) and high compressive strength is described. High aspect ratio structures as may be formed of the concrete are described. Structures formed of the concrete can have the same high compressive strength as similar structures formed from a more conventional concrete, but can be significantly more flexible, which can allow for better load distribution in the structure and associated assembly. The concrete includes a weathered granite as course aggregate. The materials can be particularly beneficial in forming concrete components of a rail infrastructure, such as railroad ties and slabs.

STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED USING COAL COMBUSTION MATERIALS

Beneficial use structures are disclosed that include coal combustion residuals (“CCR”) mixed with water and a binder to form a structural material and adapted to be compacted for use in the formation of the beneficial use structure. Various structures having beneficial uses described, including survival bunkers, composting pits, mine reclamation encapsulation and carbon sequestration facilities, water storage facilities, compressed air storage facilities, carbon sequestration/mineral carbonation facilities and a pumped hydroelectric facility adapted for use with a lock system of a waterway. 1. A beneficial use structure comprising coal combustion residuals (“CCR”) mixed with water and a binder to form a structural material , and adapted to be compacted for use in the formation of the beneficial use structure.2. A beneficial use structure according to claim 1 , wherein the structural material is adapted for use as a load-bearing wall claim 1 , and is comprised of between approximately 50 25 and 50 percent CCR claim 1 , 25 and 50 percent water and 25 and 14 percent cement.3. A beneficial use structure according to claim 1 , wherein the structural material is adapted for use as a roller-compacted cement/CCR mixture claim 1 , and is comprised of between approximately 50 and 75 percent CCR claim 1 , 25 and 50 percent cement and a minor percent of additives.4. A beneficial use structure according to claim 1 , wherein the structural material is adapted for use for mine reclamation encapsulation and carbon sequestration claim 1 , and is comprised of between approximately 50 and 63 percent CCR claim 1 , 22 and 9 percent cement and 21 and 37 percent water.5. A beneficial use structure according to claim 2 , wherein the beneficial use structure is a survival bunker claim 2 , comprising:a. an interior volume defined by sloped sidewalls and a planar top that together define a truncated pyramid structure, and having blast-deflecting characteristics defined by a solid volume ...

Geopolymer with Nanoparticle Retardant and Method

A method of controlling the setting time of a geopolymer by coating aluminosilicate particles with nanoparticles to slow the geopolymerization reaction. The coating effectiveness of the nanoparticles may be enhanced by pretreating the aluminosilicate particles with a layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes. A geopolymer is formed by mixing about 39% to about 66% by weight aluminosilicate source, about 0% to about 40% by weight sand, about 19% to about 33% by weight of alkali activator solution, and about 1% to about 4% nanoparticles. 1. A method of controlling the setting time of a geopolymer , comprising partially or comprehensively coating aluminosilicate particles , with nanoparticles before mixing the aluminosilicate particles with sodium silicate and a sodium hydroxide solution to form a geopolymer , wherein the nanoparticles are allowed to retard a geopolymerization reaction.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminosilicate particles comprise fly ash claim 1 , metakaolin claim 1 , or rice husk.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise halloysite nanotubes or kaolin nanoclay particles.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles form about 1% to about 4% by weight of the geopolymer.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pretreating the aluminosilicate particles with a layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes for enhancing the coating effectiveness of the nanoparticles on the aluminosilicate particles.6. A composition of matter formed by the mixing of components comprising:about 39% to about 66% by weight aluminosilicate source;about 0% to about 40% by weight sand;about 19% to about 33% by weight alkali activator solution; andabout 1% to about 4% by weight nanoparticle retardant.7. The composition of matter of claim 6 , wherein the aluminosilicate source comprises fly ash claim 6 , metakaolin claim 6 , or rice husk.8. The composition of matter of claim 6 , wherein the alkali activator solution comprises sodium ...

FUNCTIONALIZED BRINE SLUDGE MATERIAL AND A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

Brine sludge is an industrial waste generated in chloral alkali industry. The generated brine sludge waste is dumped into landfills and contains barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, sodium chloride, clay, and toxic elements like chromium, zinc, copper, and vanadium, therefore posing an environmental threat. Consequently, there is an urgent need to convert toxic brine sludge waste into its non-toxic form. The present invention thus aims to achieve total utilization of this brine sludge for making functionalized brine sludge material useful for a broad application spectrum. 1. A functionalized brine sludge material comprising:lOg to 50g of brine sludge;50g to 100g of fly ash;6g to 13g of sodium hydroxide;250m1 to 500 ml of ethylene glycol;lg to lOg of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; and12m1 to 26 ml of water.2. The material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the material is useful for the preparation of radiation shielding materials claim 1 , geopolymeric materials claim 1 , and chemically designed composite materials.3. The material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the material comprises 45g of brine sludge claim 1 , 45g of fly ash claim 1 , 6g of sodium hydroxide claim 1 , 300m1 of ethylene glycol claim 1 , 10 g of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide claim 1 , and 12 ml of water.4. A process for the preparation of the functionalized brine sludge material as claimed in claim 1 , the process comprising:[a] refluxing a homogenized mixture of brine sludge, fly ash, sodium hydroxide, ethylene glycol, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and water in a round bottom flask; and[b] filtering the mixture as obtained in step [a] followed by drying in an air oven at a temperature of 100 to 110 degrees C. for a period of 1 to 2 hours, resulting in an in-situ synthesized functionalized brine sludge material.5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein refluxing in step [a] is done at a temperature of 190 to 250 degrees C. for a duration of 2 to 6 hours using ...

CEMENT FORMULATIONS AND METHODS

Disclosed are improved compositions, systems, methods and techniques for processing and preparing cement, cement constituents and concrete formulations involving natural pozzolans. In various embodiments, the water demand, compressive strength, set times and workability in concrete incorporating certain natural pozzolans can be improved by blending with calcium carbonate powders, while further improvements can be accomplished if the calcium carbonate is inter-ground with the natural pozzolan to a desired and/or minimum fineness. This addition of calcium carbonate, fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, ground glass and various acids to a natural pozzolan can desirably reduce water requirements and improve the physical performance characteristics of the natural pozzolan and the overall characteristics of the concrete. Various applications may allow for (1) extension of limited fly ash supplies in certain regions, (2) greater replacement of costly Portland cement, and/or (3) significant reductions of greenhouse gases resulting from Portland cement manufacture. 1. A pozzolanic composition for use in concrete and mortar , the composition comprising a natural pozzolan in concentration of 1 wt % to about 99 wt % and a calcium carbonate source inter-ground in an attrition-type mill to a fineness such that a median particle size D50 is equal or less than 25 microns.2. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein the inter-ground combination of the natural pozzolan and calcium carbonate source have significantly lower water requirements in concrete as compared to the natural pozzolan by itself.3. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of said natural pozzolan is in a concentration of about 50 wt % to 90 wt %.4. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein said natural pozzolan is a volcanic ash and/or diatomaceous earth with pozzolanic properties.5. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein the natural pozzolan comprises LASSENITE ...

CARBON DIOXIDE-RESISTANT PORTLAND BASED CEMENT COMPOSITION

The invention provides a carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition. The inventive composition comprises a Portland cement, Class C fly ash and water. The Class C fly ash is present in the composition in an amount in the range of from about 5% to less than about 30% by weight based on the total weight of the cementitious components in the composition. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of cementing in a carbon dioxide environment. In yet another aspect, the invention provides a method of enhancing the recovery of a hydrocarbon fluid from a subterranean formation. 1. A carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition , comprising:a Portland cement;Class C fly ash present in an amount in the range of from about 5% to less than about 30% by weight based on the total weight of the cementitious components in said composition; andwater present in an amount sufficient to form a slurry.2. The carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition of claim 1 , wherein said Portland cement is selected from API Class G type Portland cement and API Class H type Portland cement.3. The carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition of claim 2 , wherein said Portland cement is API Class H type Portland cement.4. The carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition of claim 1 , further comprising a fluid loss additive.5. The carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition of claim 1 , further comprising a defoamer.6. The carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition of claim 1 , wherein said Class C fly ash is present in said composition in an amount in the range of from about 15% to about 28% by weight based on the total weight of the cementitious components in said composition.7. The carbon dioxide-resistant hydraulic cement composition of claim 6 , wherein said Class C fly ash is present in said composition in an amount of about 25% by weight based on the total weight of the cementitious components in said composition.8. ...

Binder Compositions and Method of Synthesis

Some embodiments of the invention include a method of producing iron carbonate binder compositions including providing a plurality of binder precursors including a powdered iron or steel, a first powdered additive comprising silica, a second powdered additive including calcium carbonate, and a powdered clay. The method includes mixing the plurality of binder precursors and a water additive to form an uncured product, and feeding at least a portion of the uncured product into a curing chamber. The curing chamber is fluidly coupled to a CO 2 source so that some CO 2 from the CO 2 source reacts with the uncured product to form a cured iron carbonate containing product and at least one reaction byproduct, where at least some byproduct can be fed from the curing chamber to the CO 2 source for use as a fuel by the CO 2 source.

BUILDING MATERIALS FROM AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

A method of making building materials includes precipitating calcium salts from an aqueous solution by increasing a pH of the aqueous solution, and mixing the calcium salts with a first material including silicon to form a mixture. The mixture is then heated to form cement clinker. 1. A method of making a building material comprising:precipitating calcium salts from an aqueous solution by increasing a pH of the aqueous solution;mixing the calcium salts with a first material including silicon to form a mixture; andheating the mixture to form cement clinker.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mixing the calcium salts with at least one of a second material including aluminum or a third material including iron.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein heating includes sintering at a temperature where tricalcium silicate is formed from the mixture.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising grinding the cement clinker to form cement claim 1 , and wherein the mixture has a composition of Portland cement.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution is seawater and aqueous NaOH is added to the seawater to increase the pH of the aqueous solution and to precipitate the calcium salts.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the aqueous NaOH is supplied by an electrodialysis unit.7. A system for making building materials claim 5 , comprising;an electrodialysis unit coupled to receive aqueous NaCl, and output aqueous HCl and aqueous NaOH;a first precipitation unit including a first input and a second input, wherein the first input is coupled to receive an aqueous solution including dissolved ions and the second input is coupled to the electrodialysis unit to receive the aqueous NaOH, wherein in response to receiving the aqueous solution and the aqueous NaOH, the first precipitation unit precipitates calcium salts from the dissolved ions and outputs the aqueous solution; anda first salt processing unit coupled to receive the calcium salts from the first precipitation ...

Bulk material cover compositions and methods of applying

A cover material for a bulk material pile and method for applying the cover material are disclosed. The cover composition is free of fiber, clay, cement and pozzolanic material and comprises: 95 to 99.75 percent by weight water, 0.25 to 5 percent by weight of a water dispersible cellulosic polymer; and sufficient acid to maintain the pH of the solution between 1.0 and 6.0.

Agricultural binder system, agricultural blend, and process of forming an agricultural blend

The present disclosure describes an agricultural blend and a process of forming an agricultural blend. The agricultural blend includes a slag by-product from a process having a slag other than stainless steel slag or includes 11 atomic % silicon from a soluble compound and total silicon of less than about 30 atomic % silicon or greater than about 39 atomic % silicon. The process includes producing a slag by-product and blending the slag by-product with a liquid binder system to form the agricultural blend, the slag not being stainless steel slag.

Use of lead smelting slags for the stabilization of metal ions from solid or liquid media

A method of treating, stabilizing, precipitating, or otherwise removing heavy metal ions contained in a contaminated media, which method includes: providing a sodium-iron-sulfide mineral or crystalline phase, either alone or in combination with a pH adjusting substance; contacting said contaminated media containing heavy metal ions with the sodium-iron-sulfide mineral or crystalline phase, either alone or in combination with a pH adjusting substance; and allowing the contaminated media containing the heavy metal ions to react with said sodium-iron-sulfide mineral or crystalline phase, either alone or in combination with a pH adjusting substance, such that the contaminated media containing heavy metal ions form single or mixed metal-sulfide precipitates or co-precipitates.

Method and composition for stabilization of drill cuttings

A method and composition for stabilizing drill cuttings commences by providing precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). The PCC is dried to a moisture level of about 10% or less. Drying by heat not to exceed 400° F. is preferred to prevent changes in the PCC. The dried PCC is blended with kiln dust to compose a generally uniform admixture. In the admixture, the kiln dust is not to exceed 40%. The admixture is introduced to the drill cuttings to initiate a nucleation reaction within the commixture of drill cuttings and the admixture.

Encapsulation of fly ash by polymers

A method for preparing composites of polymer and fly ash particles, wherein the fly ash particles contains heterogeneous compositions of carbon and metal oxides, the method including: the steps of mixing the fly ash particles and an aqueous coating solution, including: a coating component selected from the group consisting of monomers, oligomers, pre-polymers, polymers, and combinations thereof, and an aqueous solvent serving to dissolve the coating component; and, while performing the step of mixing, initiating polymerization or cross linking or both polymerization and cross linking of the coating component to at least partially coat the fly ash particles with polymer or a crosslinked polymer network that agglomerates the fly ash particles and coats the surface of the fly ash particles, wherein the polymer or crosslinked polymer network formed in the step of initiating is hydrophobic.

ECO-EFFICIENT METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CONCRETE

The present invention describes a method for manufacturing of a composite fixated material comprising the steps of: (a) providing bottom oil shale ash obtained after burning oil shale, said bottom oil shale (BOSA) comprises pozzolanic particles having size of about 10 to 4000 μm and being capable of adsorbing trace elements at their surface; (b) providing acidic waste comprising said trace elements; and (c) adding the BOSA provided in step (a) to the acidic waste provided in step (b) in amount of about 0.1-0.4 weight parts of said BOSA per one weight part of said waste, and mixing said waste with said BOSA, thereby obtaining a neutralised (scrubbed) precipitate with the fixated trace elements, wherein said neutralised (scrubbed) precipitate with the fixated trace elements constitutes said composite fixated material. 1. A method for manufacturing a composite fixated material comprising:(a) Providing bottom oil shale ash (BOSA), which is obtained after burning oil shale, wherein said BOSA comprises pozzolanic particles having size of about 10 to 4000 μm and being capable of adsorbing trace elements at their surface;(b) Providing acidic waste comprising said trace elements; and(c) Adding the BOSA provided in Step (a) to the acidic waste provided in Step (b) in amount of about 0.1-0.4 weight parts of said BOSA per one weight part of said waste, and mixing said waste with said BOSA, thereby obtaining a neutralised (scrubbed) precipitate with the fixated trace elements, wherein said neutralised (scrubbed) precipitate with the fixated trace elements constitutes said composite fixated material.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said obtained composite fixated material is a cement-like powder.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said obtained composite fixated material is a cement-like blendable paste.4. The method of any one of to claim 1 , further comprising the step of transferring said obtained composite fixated material to a site of landfill and allowing it to harden ...

PROTECTIVE COATING

A cementitious protective coating material including a mixture of water, one or more of silicon dioxide/sodium silica pozzolans, anhydrous or hydrous sodium or potassium metasilicate; a rheology enhancing admixture; sodium tetraborate, sodium citrate dihydrate, citric acid, or boric acid; and a micro-fiber. 1. A spray , roller , or brush applied corrosion inhibitor coating composition , comprising:at least one activator;at least one cementitious material;at least one set-time retarder;at least one rheology enhancement additive selected from the group consisting of cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, talc, vinyl acetate, vinyl versatate, and methyl ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose;at least one shrinkage control device;at least one water reducing admixture;at least one from the group consisting of protein material and synthetic protein material; andwater.2. A spray , roller , or brush applied corrosion inhibitor coating composition , comprising:from about 25% to 75% (wt/wt) of equal portions of GGBFS and fly ash;from 7% to 45% (wt/wt) sodium metasilicate;from 0.05% to 5% (wt/wt) of magnesium oxide;from 1% to 15% (wt/wt) sodium tetraborate;from 0.05% to 5% (wt/wt) protein;from 7% to 35% (wt/wt) water; andfrom 0.1% to 2% (wt/wt) of at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, talc, vinyl acetate, vinyl versatate, and methyl ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose.3. The coating composition of claim 2 , further including:from 1% to 50% (wt/wt) of at least one selected from the group consisting of zeolite, diatomite, silica fume, fumed silica, attapulgite clay, kaolin clay, Portland, and red clay.4. (canceled)5. The coating composition of claim 2 , further including:from 1% to 25% (wt/wt) microfiber of at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, cellulose, aramid, nylon, wollastonite, basalt, and glass.6. The coating composition of claim 2 , wherein the coating is water adjustable to a ...

COMBINATION OF FLUID LOSS CONTROL ADDITIVE AND LOST CIRCULATION MATERIALS TO CONTROL LOSSES IN FORMATION

The present disclosure provides methods, compositions, and systems embodying cement compositions and the synergistic effect of lost circulation materials (LCMs) and fluid loss control additives (FLCAs) thereupon for cementing subterranean zones. A method of subterranean well cementing, comprising providing a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement, a first FLCA, an LCM, and water, wherein the first FLCA comprises a water-soluble polymer with repeating units comprising a 5- to 6-membered cyclic amide; introducing the cement composition into a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation, wherein inclusion of the first FLCA and the LCM in the cement composition fluid reduces fluid loss into the subterranean formation, wherein the subterranean formation has fractures with a width of from about 1 micron to about 800 microns, and wherein the subterranean formation has a permeability of about 1 milliDarcy to about 300 Darcy; and allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. 1. A method of subterranean well cementing , comprising:providing a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement, a first fluid loss control additive, a lost circulation material, and water, wherein the first fluid loss control additive comprises a water-soluble polymer with repeating units comprising a 5- to 6-membered cyclic amide;introducing the cement composition into a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation, wherein inclusion of the first fluid loss control additive and the lost circulation material in the cement composition reduces fluid loss into the subterranean formation, wherein the subterranean formation has fractures with a width of from about 1 micron to about 800 microns, and wherein the subterranean formation has a permeability of about 1 milliDarcy to about 300 Darcy; andallowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble polymer of the first fluid loss control additive ...

Dry Mix and Concrete Composition Containing Bed Ash and Related Methods

Embodiments of a dry mix for producing a concrete composition are provided. The dry mix includes aggregate, cement, and bed ash. The bed ash contains the combustion product of a fluidized bed coal combustion reaction. Additionally, embodiments of a method of preparing the dry mix and embodiments of a method of preparing a concrete composition are provided. The dry mix is also suitable for repairing soil slips, and embodiments of a method of repairing a soil slip are also provided. 1. A dry mix , comprising:aggregate;cement; andbed ash;wherein the bed ash comprises a combustion product of a fluidized bed coal combustion reaction.2. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of bed ash to cement is from 3:1 to 5:1.3. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of bed ash to cement is 4:1.4. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the cement and the bed ash are premixed such that the cement coats the bed ash.5. The dry mix of claim 1 , comprising:from 35% to 75% by weight aggregate;from 30% to 50% by weight bed ash; andfrom 5% to 15% by weight cement.6. The dry mix of claim 1 , comprising:about 50% by weight aggregate;about 40% by weight bed ash; andabout 10% by weight cement.7. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the aggregate is 2″×3″ rock.8. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the aggregate is limestone.9. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the fluidized bed coal combustion reaction involves high-sulfur coal.10. The dry mix of claim 9 , wherein the combustion product has been post treated with quicklime.11. The dry mix of claim 1 , further comprising fluorite.12. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the bed ash meets the requirements of the EPA Class 1 water quality standards claim 1 , as tested according to ASTM D3987-85.13. The dry mix of claim 1 , wherein the cement includes at least one of type I cement claim 1 , type II cement claim 1 , type III cement claim 1 , or calcium sulfoaluminate cement.14. A method of preparing a dry mix claim 1 , comprising the steps of:providing bed ash ...

Achieving water release zone for dewatering thick fine tailings based on shearing parameter such as camp number

Various techniques are provided in relation to flocculation and/or dewatering of thick fine tailings, with shear conditioning of flocculated tailings material in accordance with a pre-determined shearing parameter, such as the Camp Number. One example method of treating thick fine tailings including dispersing a flocculant into the thick fine tailings to form a flocculating mixture; shearing the flocculating mixture to increase yield stress and produce a flocculated mixture; shear conditioning the flocculated mixture to decrease the yield stress and break down flocs, the shear conditioning being performed in accordance with the pre-determined shearing parameter to produce conditioned flocculated material within a water release zone where release water separates from the conditioned flocculated material. The conditioned flocculated material can then be subjected to dewatering, for example by depositing, thickening or filtering. The design, construction and/or operation of a flocculation pipeline assembly can be facilitated.

Concrete fire logs and refractory materials

A refractory composition is formed by preparing a set retarded fresh cementitious composition formed from a class C fly ash, a set retardant such as boric acid, and an alkali activator such as an alkali metal citrate salt, and contacting the set-retarded fresh cementitious composition with a pH regulator, such as an alkali metal hydroxide or alkali metal carbonate. The set retarded mixture provides workability and avoids equipment fouling caused by premature setting, while the alkali activator provides rapid setting when desired. The cementitious composition is shaped into a brick, panel, slab, concrete fire log, or the like and allowed to harden. The hardened cementitious composition can be heated to form a dried cementitious composition, and further heated to produce a high strength refractory composition. Fibers and/or aggregates may be included.

Non-embedding method for heavy metal stabilization using beef bone meal and blast media

Methods are disclosed for stabilizing a heavy metal in a heavy metal bearing paint residue to reduce leaching of the heavy metal from a waste subject to natural or induced leaching conditions by addition of environmentally safe, worker safe, and multi-media compatible stabilizing agent comprising beef bone meal. Beef bone meal is added to the blast media, and provides effective reduction of heavy metal content in waste leachate and effectively removes paint residue without causing visible embedding on the substrate surface, which meets the SSPC SP10 criteria for surface preparation prior to painting. The methods described herein may be used outside of or within an OSHA containment building or collection device. The resultant stabilized paint residue and spent blast media mixture is suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse, or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Sealing wall building material and method for producing a sealing wall building material

The invention relates to a sealing wall building material, which has a binding agent with cement and aggregates. It is provided according to the invention that the binding agent comprises a mixture of cement and fly ash, wherein it is free of clay material, and that it has an impermeability with a kf value of 10−7 m/s and less.

CEMENTITIOUS BINDERS, ACTIVATORS AND METHODS FOR MAKING CONCRETE

A cementitious binder comprises at least 90% by weight of a hydraulically-active material comprising ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and/or pulverised fuel ash (PFA), and at least 0.1% by weight of CaO in an activator composition for the hydraulically-active material. The cementitious binder does not comprise any Portland cement and is, therefore, more environmentally friendly. The binder further comprises a superplasticiser such as a polycarboxylate ether (PCE). A concrete, mortar, grout, screed or render may be formed from a mixture of the cementitious binder, aggregate particles, water and superplasticiser. 1. A cementitious binder comprising at least 90% by weight of a non-OPC hydraulically-active material comprising ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS) , pulverised fuel lash (PFA) or a mixture of GGBS and PFA , at least 0.1% and less than 9.5% by weight of CaO or lime , and a superplasticiser.2. A cementitious binder according to claim 1 , in which the hydraulically-active material comprises at least 50% or 70% or 80% or 90% GGBS claim 1 , PFA or the mixture of GGBS and PFA.3. A cementitious binder according to claim 1 , in which the superplasticiser is a polycarboxylate-ether-based (PCE) superplasticiser.4. A cementitious binder according to claim 1 , comprising at least 90% of the hydraulically-active material claim 1 , with the remainder comprising the CaO and the superplasticiser.5. A cementitious binder according to claim 1 , which consists of GGBS claim 1 , PFA or the mixture of GGBS and PFA claim 1 , the CaO and the superplasticiser.6. A cementitious binder according to claim 1 , comprising an activator composition which comprises the CaO claim 1 , optionally comprising the superplasticiser claim 1 , and optionally further comprising microsilica and/or super-fine pulverised fuel ash (PFA).7. A cementitious binder according to claim 1 , comprising at least 0.1 wt % or 1 wt % or 2 wt % CaO claim 1 , and preferably an amount equal to or ...

Composite board from plastic waste

Plastic waste is shredded and formed to a desired shape and held together using a binder and/or heat, etc. The resulting composite material may be useful for building and/or furniture and/or flooring, etc. (similar to wood composite board). In some embodiments, the board is highly water resistant. Optionally, the board is made of layers. For example, an inner layer has reduced density and/or an outer layer may have decreased particle size and/or increased fiber content.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MAKING AND APPLYING A NON-PORTLAND CEMENT-BASED MATERIAL

A system and method for applying a construction material is provided. The method may include mixing blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material, alkali-based powder, and sand at a batching and mixing device to generate a non-Portland cement-based material. The method may also include transporting the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device, through a conduit to a nozzle and combining the transported non-Portland cement-based material with liquid at the nozzle to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material. The method may further include pneumatically applying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface. 1. A system for applying a construction material comprising:a batching and mixing device configured to mix blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material, alkali-based powder, and sand to generate a non-Portland cement-based material;a conduit configured to transport the non-Portland cement-based material from the batching and mixing device; anda nozzle configured to receive the non-Portland cement-based material and combine the transported non-Portland cement-based material with liquid to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material, wherein the nozzle is further configured to pneumatically apply the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the geopolymer material includes volcano rock flour or pumice.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the alkali-based powder includes silicate.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein batching and mixing is performed as at least one of a dry-mix and a wet-mix.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the non-Portland cement-based material is inorganic.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein batching and mixing is performed at a mobile batching and mixing vehicle.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the non-Portland cement-based material includes at least one of clay claim 1 , gneiss claim 1 , ...

Improved production of aggregates

An improved process for the preparation of aggregates for use with mixtures of various carbonatable substances, in particular mixtures comprising pulverised fuel ash and/or steel slag. The mixtures also comprise a carbonatable binder. The process comprises the steps of a. blending a combination of two carbonatable wastes, b. mixing the blended carbonatable waste with a carbonatable binder, c. mixing the blended carbonatable waste and binder with water, and d. carbonating the damp blended carbonatable waste in the presence of carbon dioxide.

FIBER-REINFORCED CEMENT SHEET PRODUCT AND A PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME

The present disclosure relates to a fiber-reinforced cement sheet product. The fiber-reinforced cement sheet product comprises at least one fiber-cement layer and at least one polymeric material layer. The polymeric material layer is chemically bonded to at least one surface of the fiber-cement layer or is sandwiched between two fiber-cement layers, to obtain the fiber-reinforced cement sheet product. The present disclosure further relates to a process for preparing the fiber-reinforced cement sheet product. 1. A fiber-reinforced cement sheet product comprising:a) at least one fiber-cement layer; and chemically bonded to at least one surface of said at least one fiber-cement layer; or', 'sandwiched between two fiber-cement layers, to obtain said fiber-reinforced cement sheet product., 'wherein said polymeric material layer is, 'b) at least one polymeric material layer,'}2. The fiber-reinforced cement sheet product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thickness of said fiber-reinforced cement sheet product is in the range of 4 mm to 6 mm.3. The fiber-reinforced cement sheet product as claimed in claim 1 , being in the form of a sheet and/or a block.4. The fiber-reinforced cement sheet product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said polymeric material layer is chemically bonded to said at least one surface of said at least one fiber-cement layer using an adhesive claim 1 , wherein said adhesive is epoxy resin.5. The fiber-reinforced cement sheet product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one polymeric material layer is in at least one form selected from the group consisting of a film claim 1 , a woven fabric claim 1 , a non-woven fabric claim 1 , and a scrim.6. The fiber-reinforced cement sheet product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thickness of said at least one polymeric material layer is in the range of 150 microns to 500 microns.7. The fiber-reinforced cement sheet product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the flexural rigidity of said fiber-reinforced ...

FIREPROOF COMPOSITIONS AND MATERIALS

The present invention relates to a composition in the form of a mixture comprising F-type fly ash, a reactive silicon source, a setting accelerator and a light aggregate with a density of less than 900 kg/mand a mechanical strength of at least 0.08 MPa, and the uses thereof to obtain light and fireproof construction materials. 137.-. (canceled)38. A composition in a dry mixture form comprising:between 30 and 80% by weight of type F fly ash,between 1 and 9% by weight of a reactive silicon source,between 1 and 15% by weight of a setting accelerant,between 2 and 30% by weight of lightweight aggregates,wherein the % by weight is with respect to the total weight of the composition in a dry mixture form, andwherein said composition in a dry mixture form has an apparent density between 200 and 600 kg/m3, preferably between 150 and 550 kg/m3, more preferably between 200 and 500 kg/m3.39. The composition according to claim 38 , wherein said composition has an apparent density between 400 and 900 kg/m3 when mixed with water in a liquid/solid weight ratio between 0.7 and 0.9 claim 38 , preferably between 450 and 850 kg/m3 claim 38 , more preferably between 500 and 800 kg/m3 claim 38 , measured according to UNE EN 1015-6 before 5 minutes after mixing with water.40. The composition according to claim 38 , wherein said composition has a density between 200 and 600 kg/m3 claim 38 , preferably between 250 and 550 kg/m3 claim 38 , more preferably between 300 and 500 kg/m3 claim 38 , when mixed with water in a liquid/solid weight ratio between 0.7 and 0.9 claim 38 , test specimens of 4×4×16 cm are prepared and allowed to dry at ambient temperature for 28 days claim 38 , according to UNE-EN 1015-10.41. The composition according to claim 38 , wherein said composition comprises between 40% and 60% by weight claim 38 , preferably comprising more than 40% by weight and less than 45% claim 38 , of type F fly ash with respect to the total weight of the composition in a dry mixture form.42. ...

SPECIALIZED LINED LANDFILL SYSTEM FOR THE STABILIZATION AND CONTAINMENT OF DRILLING WASTES AND COAL COMBUSTION RESIDUES

Systems and methods of the present invention include a method for the treatment of drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least a first drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a paste, combining at least a second drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a compactable fill, and placing the paste and the compactable fill in a landfill. Other embodiments include a method of treating drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least one drilling waste with a coal combustion residue to form a paste. Further embodiments include containing the paste within at least one geotextile container. Still further embodiments include placing the geotextile container in a landfill. 1. A method for the treatment of drilling wastes and coal combustion residues , comprising:(a) combining at least a first drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a paste;(b) combining at least a second drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a compactable fill; and(c) placing the paste and the compactable fill in a lined landfill.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first and second drilling waste is selected from the group consisting of drill cuttings claim 1 , brine solution claim 1 , concentrated brine solution claim 1 , sludge claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first drilling waste in step (a) is selected from the group consisting of brine solution claim 1 , concentrated brine solution claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second drilling waste in step (b) is selected from the group consisting of heavy metal sludge claim 1 , drill cuttings claim 1 , brine solution claim 1 , concentrated brine solution claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding an agent to at least one of steps (a) and (b) claim 1 , the agent selected from the group consisting of solidifying agents claim 1 , ...

Filling Container and Method For Storing Hazardous Waste Material

The present invention provides systems, methods and devices for storing and/or disposing of hazardous waste material. In some embodiments, the waste material includes nuclear waste such as calcined material. In certain embodiments, the device includes a container having a container body, a filling port configured to couple with a filling nozzle and a filling plug, and an evacuation port having a filter. The evacuation port is configured to couple with an evacuation nozzle and an evacuation plug. In certain embodiments, the method includes (a) adding hazardous waste material via a filling nozzle coupled to a filling port of a container, the container including an evacuation port, (b) evacuating the container during adding of the hazardous waste material via an evacuation nozzle coupled to an evacuation port of the container, (c) sealing the filling port, (d) heating the container, and (e) sealing the evacuation port.

Non-embedding method for heavy metal stabilization using beef bone meal and blast media

Methods are disclosed for stabilizing a heavy metal in a heavy metal bearing paint residue to reduce leaching of the heavy metal from a waste subject to natural or induced leaching conditions by addition of environmentally safe, worker safe, and multi-media compatible stabilizing agent comprising beef bone meal. Beef bone meal is added to the blast media, and provides effective reduction of heavy metal content in waste leachate and effectively removes paint residue without causing visible embedding on the substrate surface, which meets the SSPC SP10 criteria for surface preparation prior to painting. The methods described herein may be used outside of or within an OSHA containment building or collection device. The resultant stabilized paint residue and spent blast media mixture is suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse, or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Method for forming products from a flue gas desulfurization by-product and products formed thereby

Compositions and methods for producing a manufactured product, a method for making a liquid absorbent, and processes for disposal of flammable liquids with a flue gas desulfurization by-product. The compositions for the manufactured products combine a binder and the by-product. The composition contains a greater percentage by weight of the by-product than the binder. The methods for producing manufactured products include dewatering the gypsum-depleted waste stream to reduce a water content, and forming the manufactured product. The method for making a liquid absorbent includes dewatering, granulating, drying, heating, and packaging a granulated gypsum-depleted composition as the liquid absorbent. The processes for disposal of flammable liquids include distributing a by-product into contact with flammable liquid, absorbing the liquid, transporting, and igniting the flammable liquid. The artificial soils are a combination of by-product and animal waste, human waste, or another bio-solid.

SPECIALIZED LINED LANDFILL SYSTEM FOR THE STABILIZATION AND CONTAINMENT OF DRILLING WASTES AND COAL COMBUSTION RESIDUES

Systems and methods of the present invention include a method for the treatment of drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least a first drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a paste, combining at least a second drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a compactable fill, and placing the paste and the compactable fill in a landfill. Other embodiments include a method of treating drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least one drilling waste with a coal combustion residue to form a paste. Further embodiments include containing the paste within at least one geotextile container. Still further embodiments include placing the geotextile container in a landfill. 1. A method for the treatment of drilling wastes and coal combustion residues , comprising:(a) combining at least a first drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a paste;(b) combining at least a second drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a compactable fill; and(c) placing the paste and the compactable fill in a lined landfill.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first and second drilling waste is selected from the group consisting of drill cuttings claim 1 , brine solution claim 1 , concentrated brine solution claim 1 , sludge claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first drilling waste in step (a) is selected from the group consisting of brine solution claim 1 , concentrated brine solution claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second drilling waste in step (b) is selected from the group consisting of heavy metal sludge claim 1 , drill cuttings claim 1 , brine solution claim 1 , concentrated brine solution claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding an agent to at least one of steps (a) and (b) claim 1 , the agent selected from the group consisting of solidifying agents claim 1 , ...

Novel sulfoaluminate clinker based hydraulic binder and use thereof in a process for treating polluted soils

A hydraulic binder based on a sulfoaluminate clinker including the mineralogical phases ye'elimite C 4 A 3 $, mayenite C 12 A 7 , free lime CaO, and optionally belite C2S, characterized in that, in the clinker, the mineralogical phases are 20% to 50% by weight of ye'elimite C4A3$ phase, 5% to 80% by weight of mayenite C 12 A 7 phase, and 1% to 5% by weight of free lime CaO, the weight ratio between the mayenite C 12 A 7 and ye'elimite C 4 A 3 $ phases being between 0.1 and 10. The binder can be used to treat polluted soils, in particular soils with a leachable fraction greater than 0.4% that contains predominantly anions and/or heavy metal cations by mixing the soil with the hydraulic binder, in soil/binder weight proportions of between 1 and 40 parts of binder for 100 parts of soil. It makes it possible to stabilize soils which are polluted or to stabilize soils before dumping.

Portable system and method for processing waste to be placed in landfill

A portable system and method for processing waste to be solidified and placed in an active cell of a landfill. A portable pugmill is moveable adjacent an active cell of a landfill; and portable devices, which may be mounted on sleds or trailers, may be used for feeding the pugmill with waste to be solidified into a landfill-ready state. The waste may be fed to the pugmill without the need for long-term waste storage devices, and avoiding substantial delays between discharge of the waste from trucks to the pugmill-feeding steps.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MAKING AND APPLYING A NON-PORTLAND CEMENT-BASED MATERIAL

A system and method for applying a construction material is provided. The method may include mixing blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material, alkali-based powder, and sand at a mixing device to generate a non-Portland cement-based material. The method may also include transporting the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device, through a conduit to a nozzle and combining the transported non-Portland cement-based material with water at the nozzle to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material. The method may further include pneumatically applying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface. 1. A system for applying a construction material comprising:a mixing device configured to mix blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material including non-pumice-based volcano rock flour, alkali-based powder, and sand to generate a non-Portland cement-based material;a delivery mechanism affixed to the mixing device configured to transport the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device to a portable container associated with a portable gun; anda hose configured to transport the non-Portland cement-based material from the portable container to a handheld nozzle, wherein the handheld nozzle is configured to receive the non-Portland cement-based material and combine the transported non-Portland cement-based material with liquid to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the alkali-based powder includes silicate.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein mixing is performed as a dry-mix.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein mixing is performed as a wet-mix.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the non-Portland cement-based material is inorganic.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein mixing is performed at a mobile sewer refurbishing vehicle.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the non-Portland cement-based material includes at least one of clay claim 1 , ...

ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR MIXING A PASTE AT A WASTE DISPOSAL SITE

An arrangement and a method for mixing and handling industrial side-stream materials. The mixer () is arranged onto a movable work machine () and it is used for mixing at least two side-stream materials to form a geopolymer. The side-stream materials are processed between a waste pile () and a casting area () in the mixer (). Cast paste is allowed to harden and after that it is crushed to obtain an earthwork material. 1. An arrangement at a factory waste disposal site , which arrangement comprises at least one waste pile of a first industrial side-stream material ,wherein the arrangement further comprises:at least one movable work machine which is provided with a mixer, and wherein the work machine is arranged to take said first industrial side-stream material directly with the mixer from said waste pile for handling it by the mixer;an admixture station which comprises at least one feed device for feeding at least one admixture into the material located in the mixer of the work machine;a casting area which is arranged to receive from the mixer a geopolymeric hardenable paste formed by said side-stream material and admixtures as a result of their mixing;and in which arrangement the handled material is kept in said mixer of the work machine throughout the whole handling process from the waste pile up to the casting area.2. The arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein-the arrangement further comprises:a quarrying device for quarrying hardened paste in the casting area;a crusher device for crushing material extracted by quarrying to obtain crushed material; anda temporary storage for receiving crushed material from the crusher device.3. The arrangement according to claim 1 , whereinthe factory waste disposal site is located in connection with a pulp mill; andthe waste pile is green liquor precipitate, whereby the first industrial side-stream material taken from the waste pile with the mixer is green liquor precipitate.4. A method for mixing a paste claim 1 , which ...

Aluminous cements using coal fly ash

Addition of coal fly ash to calcium sulfoaluminate rapid-setting cements can lead to significant improvement and optimization of its properties. The addition of coal fly ash led to increased compressive strength and freeze-thaw durability while decreasing shrinkage and autoclave expansion. The presence of a super plasticizing agent negatively affected both compressive strength and shrinkage when used in combination with fly ash.

CEMENTITIOUS MATRIX AND FIBER REINFORCED CEMENT BASED MIXTURE

A cementitious matrix in which the development of early strength is fast, the hydration heat temperature is small, and the amount of shrinkage during curing is small, while keeping the fluidity when concrete is fresh, is provided. The cementitious matrix is characterized by comprising 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, 5 to 30 parts by weight of silica fume, 5 to 25 parts by weight of limestone powder, 30 to 80 parts by weight of at least one of ground blast furnace slag or fly ash, at least one chemical admixture, water, and 70 to 150 parts by weight of aggregate having a largest aggregate diameter of 1.2 to 3.5 mm. 1. A cementitious matrix comprising:100 parts by weight of Portland cement,5 to 30 parts by weight of silica fume,5 to 25 parts by weight of limestone powder,30 to 80 parts by weight of at least one of ground blast furnace slag or fly ash,at least one chemical admixture,water, and70 to 150 parts by weight of aggregate having a largest aggregate diameter of 1.2 to 3.5 mm.2. The cementitious matrix according to claim 1 , wherein a mean particle diameter of the aggregate is 0.17 to 0.8 mm.3. The cementitious matrix according to claim 1 , wherein a Blaine specific surface area of the limestone powder is 5 claim 1 ,000 cm/g or more.4. The cementitious matrix according to claim 1 , wherein a Blaine specific surface area is 3 claim 1 ,000 cm/g or more when the ground blast furnace slag is used claim 1 , and a Blaine specific surface area is 2 claim 1 ,500 cm/g or more when the fly ash is used.5. The cementitious matrix according to claim 1 , wherein the aggregate has a largest particle diameter Dof 1.2 to 2.5 mm claim 1 , and a mean particle diameter Dof 0.2 to 0.4 mm.6. A fiber reinforced cement based mixture comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the cementitious matrix according to , and'}a fiber in a volume of 0.7 to 8.0% of the total volume.7. The cementitious matrix according to claim 2 , wherein a Blaine specific surface area ...

Processing post-industrial and post-consumer waste streams and preparation of post-industrial and post-consumer products therefrom

A system for and method of, processing post-consumer and post-industrial waste streams, producing active ingredients for waste stream processing, processing aqueous waste streams, preparing and collecting a multi-purpose chemical precursor, removing phosphates, nitrates, heavy metals, and other contaminants from aqueous waste streams, collecting and processing a post-consumer and post-industrial product from aqueous waste streams, administering and positioning assets and processes associated with waste stream processing, and scheduling operations for sub-systems of the system.

Lithium Infused Raw Fly Ash for the Production of High Strength Cementitious Products

A method of producing high strength cementitious product from raw fly ash by mixing the raw fly ash with a lithium compound, whereby milling of the raw fly ash to achieve requisite strength is unnecessary. It has now been found that by adding as little as 0.1% of lithium chloride to raw untreated Class C fly ash one can achieve improved seven day and twenty-eight day compressive strength. At the very least, raw lithium treated Class C fly ash may be used at lower total cementitious content per yard of concrete as opposed to ordinary Portland Cement for improved compressive strength. 1. A method for producing high strength cementitious products comprising the step of:mixing raw fly ash with a lithium compound to produce a cement having a better than slag 100 performance.2. The method of wherein the amount of lithium compound by weight of fly as is between 0.05%-0.25%.3. The method of wherein the amount of lithium compound by weight is an excess of 0.1%.4. The method of wherein the fly ash is designated as Class C fly ash.5. The method of wherein the fly ash is Class F fly ash mixed to between 17.5 and 20% by weight using a of fly ash containing high calcium content containing minerals.6. The method of wherein the raw Class F fly ash is mixed with 30% by weight of fly ash containing high calcium content minerals.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the high calcium content mineral includes high aluminum compounds found in Calcium aluminate cements.8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the high calcium content material includes Merwinite having a weight concentration of between 8 and 25%.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lithium compound is selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide claim 1 , lithium chloride and lithium carbonate.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixing of the lithium compound with the raw fly ash results in cementitious material having strengths that exceed 100 slag performance.11. The method of claim 1 , and further including ...

GRANULATED WATER TREATMENT PLANT SLUDGE COMPOSITION CONTAINING MINERAL ADDITIVES AND RESPECTIVE PREPARATION PROCESS

A granulated formulation formed from ETA (Water Treatment Plant) sludge and minerals from magmatic and/or sedimentary and/or metamorphic rocks, rich in magnesium and potassium silicates in addition to silicon dioxide and other components, representing an innovation in waste recycling processes for environmental purposes, the replacement of animal substrates by the proposed product and soil nutrient recycling process through generation of organomineral fertilizer resulting from exposure of the substrate to waste from creations in which it is used. 1. A composition of granulated water treatment station sludge with mineral additives , characterized for being granulated and comprising:a. magnesium and potassium silicates;b. of silicon dioxide, with a small organic fraction and silicate aluminum clays from water treatment plants);c. micro and macro-nutrients; andd. sedimentary and/or magmatic and/or metamorphic rocks.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the macronutrients are selected claim 1 , but not limited to claim 1 , the group consisting of potassium claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , magnesium and the like.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the macronutrients are selected claim 1 , but not limited to claim 1 , the group consisting of boron claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , magnesium and the like.4. The composition according to claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , in percentages by weight claim 1 , between 10% and 80% of WTP Sludge and between 90% and 20% of Serpentinite.5. The composition according to comprising 10% to 50% claim 1 , preferably 30% of ETA Sludge claim 1 , from 1% to 30% claim 1 , preferably 10% of Diatomite claim 1 , from 5% to 50% claim 1 , preferably 35% Serpentinite claim 1 , 5% to 40% claim 1 , preferably 20% Filite and 1% to 15% claim 1 , preferably 5% Basalt.6. The composition according to claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , in percentages by weight claim 1 , between 20% and 80% claim 1 , preferably 60% claim 1 , WTP ...

CEMENT FORMULATIONS AND METHODS

Disclosed are improved compositions, systems, methods and techniques for processing and preparing cement, cement constituents and concrete formulations involving natural pozzolans. In various embodiments, the water demand, compressive strength, set times and workability in concrete incorporating certain natural pozzolans can be improved by blending with calcium carbonate powders, while further improvements can be accomplished if the calcium carbonate is inter-ground with the natural pozzolan to a desired and/or minimum fineness. This addition of calcium carbonate, fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, ground glass and various acids to a natural pozzolan can desirably reduce water requirements and improve the physical performance characteristics of the natural pozzolan and the overall characteristics of the concrete. Various applications may allow for (1) extension of limited fly ash supplies in certain regions, (2) greater replacement of costly Portland cement, and/or (3) significant reductions of greenhouse gases resulting from Portland cement manufacture. 1. A pozzolanic composition for use in concrete and mortar , the composition comprising a natural pozzolan in concentration of 1 wt % to about 99 wt % and a calcium carbonate source inter-ground in an attrition-type mill to a fineness such that a median particle size D50 is equal or less than 25 microns.2. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein the inter-ground combination of the natural pozzolan and calcium carbonate source have significantly lower water requirements in concrete as compared to the natural pozzolan by itself.3. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of said natural pozzolan is in a concentration of about 50 wt % to 90 wt %.4. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein said natural pozzolan is a volcanic ash and/or diatomaceous earth with pozzolanic properties.5. The pozzolanic composition of claim 1 , wherein the natural pozzolan comprises LASSENITE ...

ULTRA-DRY THREE-PHASE FLUE GAS FOAM FOR OIL-GAS FIELDS AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

The disclosure discloses an ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam for oil-gas fields and preparation method thereof. The ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam is produced by a gas phase, a liquid phase and a solid phase; the gas phase is a flue gas; the foaming solution is an aqueous solution of a surfactant, a pH adjuster, and an inorganic salt; the solid phase is a composite of fly ash and nano silica; the foam quality is 90%-99%. The solid phase foam stabilizer is a compounded system of fly ash particles and nano silica particles, which is not only low in cost but also can form a stable solid particle adsorption layer on the foam film. Thus the instability of the foam such as film rupture, gas diffusion and bubble aggregation can be greatly reduced, and the stability of the foam can be effectively improved. 1. An ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam for oil-gas fields , which is produced by a gas phase , a liquid phase and a solid phase , whereinthe gas phase is a flue gas produced by a coal-fired power plant;the liquid phase is an aqueous solution of a surfactant, a pH adjuster, and an inorganic salt;the solid phase is a composite of fly ash and nano silica;a foam quality of the ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam for oil-gas fields is 90%˜99%.2. The ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam for oil-gas fields according to claim 1 , wherein the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization claim 1 , denitration and deoxidation treatment;a total volume fraction of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the flue gas is 90%.3. The ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam for oil-gas fields according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is a composite of sodium α-olefin sulfonate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;a mass ratio of the sodium α-olefin sulfonate to the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is 1:4˜5;a carbon atom number of the sodium α-olefin sulfonate is 14 to 18.4. The ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam for oil-gas fields according to claim 1 , wherein the pH adjuster is sodium ...

Dry Mix and Concrete Composition Containing Bed Ash and Related Methods

Embodiments of a dry mix for producing a concrete composition are provided. The dry mix includes aggregate, cement, and bed ash. The bed ash contains the combustion product of a fluidized bed coal combustion reaction. Additionally, embodiments of a method of preparing the dry mix and embodiments of a method of preparing a concrete composition are provided. The dry mix is also suitable for repairing soil slips, and embodiments of a method of repairing a soil slip are also provided. 1. A method of repairing a soil slip on a slope , the method comprising the steps of:excavating earth from the soil slip to a depth below a slip plane of the soil slip;mixing the earth with a dry mix to create an augmented soil, the dry mix comprising bed ash and cement;replacing the augmented soil in the soil slip; andcompacting the augmented soil.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of bed ash to cement in the dry mix is from 3:1 to 5:1.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the weight ratio of bed ash to cement in the dry mix is about 4:1.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dry mix comprises 18% to 20% by weight of the cement.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dry mix further comprises aggregate.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the dry mix comprises substantially equal volumes of aggregate and of bed ash and cement.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the aggregate is 2″×3″ crushed stone.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of excavating further comprises forming one or more keyways in the slope.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the augmented soil comprises 5% to 40% by weight of the dry mix.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the augmented soil comprises from 10% to 15% by weight of the dry mix.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of replacing the augmented soil in the soil slip further comprises filling the soil slip in lifts of no more than 24″.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the compacting step is performed after each lift.13. The method of ...

HIGH-STRENGTH GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITE CELLULAR CONCRETE

A composite binder comprises: one or more Class F fly ash materials, one or more gelation enhancers, and one or more hardening enhancers, wherein each of the one or more Class F fly ash materials comprises 15 wt. % or less calcium oxide, and wherein the composite binder is a Portland cement-free binder for concrete. Also provided are Geopolymer Composite Cellular Concretes (GCCCs) including the composite binder and methods of making these GCCCs. 1. A product comprising: one or more Class F fly ash materials,', 'one or more gelation enhancers, and', 'one or more hardening enhancers,, 'a geopolymer composite binder comprisingwherein each of the one or more Class F fly ash materials comprises 15 wt % or less calcium oxide, andwherein the composite binder is a Portland cement-free binder for concrete.2. The product of claim 1 , wherein the one or more Class F fly ash materials amount to about 5 to about 92 wt. % of the composite binder claim 1 , the one or more gelation enhancers amount to about 3 to about 60 wt. % of the composite binder claim 1 , and the one or more hardening enhancers amount to about 5 to about 92 wt. % of the composite binder3. The product of claim 1 , wherein the one or more gelation enhancers are selected from the group consisting of: metakaolin claim 1 , metahalloysite claim 1 , micron and nanoparticles of silica and alumina claim 1 , and any pozzolanic aluminosilicate materials that have a low alkali-earth oxide content and that have a high dissolution rate in alkaline solution.4. The product of claim 1 , wherein the one or more gelation enhancers comprise metakaolin.5. The product of claim 1 , wherein the one or more hardening enhancers are selected from the group consisting of: ground granulated blast furnace slag claim 1 , Class C fly ash claim 1 , vitreous calcium aluminosilicate claim 1 , kiln dust claim 1 , CaO-rich pozzolanic aluminosilicates claim 1 , or combinations thereof.6. The product of claim 1 , wherein the one or more hardening ...

Method of processing unhardened concrete

Methods and an associated system for processing unhardened concrete are disclosed. With these methods, the porosity of the unhardened concrete is significantly increased to decrease the strength so much that it can be easily broken up for sale or reuse. In at least one embodiment, the method includes adding a large volume of foam to the returned unhardened concrete and then mixing the foam with the returned concrete in the ready-mix concrete truck or other concrete mixing devices at any location including the jobsite, enroute to the concrete plant, or at the concrete plant. Through the mixing of foam with the returned concrete, the hydrated cement and aggregate particles are separated by large volumes of air voids, which significantly increase the porosity and dramatically reduce the strength of the returned concrete. The treated concrete is discharged and allowed to solidify in this weakened state, after which it is easily broken into loose particulate material that can be sold or reused.

NOVEL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GEOPOLYMERIC FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS IN A SOLID FORM

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of tailored precursor materials in a solid powder form, useful for geopolymeric system containing pentavalent silicon complexes in a solid powder form. The raw materials used are fly ash, sodium hydroxide, and rice husk with and without sodium silicate. The tailored precursors so obtained in solid powder need only water at site, instead of highly alkaline solution for obtaining the cementitious geopolymeric materials. 1. A tailored precursor material composition in solid form for geoploymer material comprising fly ash (59-91%) , sodium hydroxide (11-15%) , rice husk (0.8-11%) and optionally sodium silicate (0-29%).2. A process for the preparation of tailored precursor material composition in a solid powder form for geopolymeric material wherein the process comprising the steps of:i. grinding of raw materials fly ash (59-91%), sodium hydroxide (11-15%), rice husk (0.8-11%) and optionally sodium silicate (0-29%) to get a powder having particle size in the range of 45 to 60 micron to get tailored precursor material;ii. adding water to the precursor material of step (i) followed by casting the material in a desired shape and size, curing the geopolymeric material.3. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the raw materials are dry grinded together using ball mill or advanced machinery such as planetary mill claim 2 , for a period ranging from 1-72 hours.4. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , the ratio of precursor material and water is 4 to 7.5. The process as claimed in wherein claim 2 , the curing of geopolymeric material is done using microwave oven for a duration of 10 seconds to 60 minutes with a power range of 5 to 1200 watt.6. The process as claimed in wherein claim 2 , the curing of geopolymeric material is done using hot air oven at a temperature ranging between 60-90° C. for a period of time 24 hr-7 days.7. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein geopolymeric material is ...

Method Of Creating A Composite Cement With Enhanced Properties For Use In Oil And Gas Wells

This invention relates to using a unique blend of components of a composite cement and subjecting them to a rotary mill process using variably sized and shaped media to reduce the blends' particle size. The invention is novel in that it mills the blended materials together to achieve reduced particle size, increased particle surface area, higher compressive strength and lower permeability. In one embodiment, the invention combines fly ash or other pozzolan material with a cement of any type at varying rations between 1% and 99%. In a further embodiment the invention combines fly ash or other pozzolan material at 60% with a cement of any type at 40%. 1. A method for creating a rotary milled composite cement mixture suitable for use in oil in gas wells comprising: 40% of cement;', '60% of fly ash;, 'rotary milling a composite cement mixture comprised of,'} a maximum particle size of 25 microns;', 'a mean particle size of less than 12 microns; and', {'sup': '2', 'an average particle surface area of at least 14,500 cm/g.'}], 'wherein the rotary milled composite cement mixture has2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising hydrating the rotary milled composite cement mixture to a density of 12 pounds per gallon and having a compressive strength of more than 1 claim 1 ,000 pounds per square inch.3. The method of further comprising hydrating the rotary milled composite cement mixture to a density of 13.8 pounds per gallon and having a compressive strength of more than 2 claim 1 ,000 pounds per square inch.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising hydrating the rotary milled composite cement mixture to a density of 16 pounds per gallon and having a compressive strength of more than 4 claim 1 ,000 pounds per square inch. This application claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/075,198, filed on Mar. 31, 2016. The disclosures of the prior application are incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.The present invention relates to a method of ...

System and Method for Making and Applying a Non-Portland-Cement-Based Material

A system and method for applying a construction material is provided. The method may include mixing blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material, alkali-based powder, and sand at a mixing device to generate a non-Portland cement-based material. The method may also include transporting the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device, through a conduit to a nozzle and combining the transported non-Portland cement-based material with water at the nozzle to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material. The method may further include pneumatically applying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface. 1. A method for applying a construction material comprising:mixing blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material including non-pumice-based volcano rock flour, alkali, and sand at a mixing device to generate a non-Portland cement-based material;transporting the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device, through a conduit to a nozzle;combining the transported non-Portland cement-based material with water at the nozzle to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material; andapplying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkali-based powder includes silicate.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein mixing is performed as a dry-mix.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein mixing is performed as a wet-mix.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-Portland cement-based material is inorganic.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein mixing is performed at a mobile sewer refurbishing vehicle.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-Portland cement-based material includes at least one of clay claim 1 , gneiss claim 1 , granite claim 1 , liparite claim 1 , andesite claim 1 , picrite claim 1 , potassic feldspar claim 1 , albite claim 1 , pumice and zeolite.8. The method of claim 6 , wherein mixing includes mixing at a portable ...

CEMENTITIOUS BINDERS CONTAINING POZZOLANIC MATERIALS

A cementitious composition including: a binder containing (a) 60-94%, by weight, of at least one pozzolanic material; (b) at least 0.5% calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA), by weight; (c) 1.2-11% by weight, expressed as SO, of at least one inorganic sulfate selected from the group of sulfates consisting of a calcium sulfate hemihydrate, an anhydrous calcium sulfate, a calcium sulfate dihydrate, a sodium sulfate, and a sodium calcium sulfate; and (d) a total sulfate content of at least 3%, by weight, expressed as SO, the cementitious composition including, at most, 3% natural lime, the cementitious composition including, at most, 10% alumina cement, the contents of the composition being calculated on a dry, aggregateless basis. 178-. (canceled)79. A cementitious composition comprising: (a) 72-94%, by weight, of ground granular blast furnace slag (GGBFS);', {'sub': 2', '3', '4, '(b) at least 0.5% calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA), by weight, said CSA having the structure 3CaO.3AlO.CaSO;'}, {'sub': '3', '(c) 1.2-11% by weight, expressed as SO, of at least one inorganic sulfate selected from the group of sulfates consisting of a calcium sulfate hemihydrate, an anhydrous calcium sulfate, a calcium sulfate dihydrate, a sodium sulfate, and a sodium calcium sulfate; and'}, {'sub': '3', '(d) a total sulfate content of at least 3%, and at most 11%, by weight, expressed as SO;'}], 'a binder containingthe cementitious composition comprising, at most, 3% natural lime;the cementitious composition comprising, at most, 3% alumina cement;the cementitious composition comprising, at most 5% of an Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC);the cementitious composition comprising, at most, 5% of said CSA;the contents of the composition being calculated on a dry, aggregateless basis.80. The cementitious composition of claim 79 , wherein said content of said ground granular blast furnace slag within the composition is at least 75% claim 79 , by weight.81. The cementitious composition of claim 79 , wherein said ...

Methods Of Cementing And Lassenite-Containing Cement Compositions

Cement compositions and methods of making the same are provided. The composition comprises cement or lime, water and Lassenite, a pozzolanic strength retrogression inhibitor. 1. A cement composition , comprising:cement;an aqueous fluid present in an amount from about 20% to about 80% by weight of the cement;a pozzolan present in an amount from about 10% to about 40% by weight of the cement; anda modifying additive selected from lime, weighting additives, and dispersants;wherein the pozzolan comprises a crystalline porous aluminosilicate and is a strength retrogression inhibitor; andwherein the compressive strength of the cement composition is at least 50 psi three hours after curing at 190° F. and the compressive strength of the cement composition measured at 72 hours is greater than the compressive strength of the cement composition measured at 24 hours.2. The cement composition of claim 1 , wherein the cement is selected from Portland cements claim 1 , gypsum cements claim 1 , high alumina content cements claim 1 , slag cements claim 1 , high magnesia content cements claim 1 , shale cements claim 1 , acid/base cements claim 1 , fly ash cements claim 1 , zeolite cement systems claim 1 , kiln dust cement systems claim 1 , microfine cements claim 1 , metakaolin claim 1 , and combinations thereof3. The cement composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous fluid is water selected from fresh water claim 1 , brackish water claim 1 , saltwater claim 1 , and any combination thereof4. The cement composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous fluid is water in an amount selected from about 20% to about 80% by weight of the cement claim 1 , about 28% to about 60% by weight of the cement claim 1 , and about 36% to about 66% by weight of the cement.5. The cement composition of claim 4 , wherein the pozzolan further comprises silicon dioxide (SiO) and aluminum oxide (AlO).6. The cement composition of claim 5 , wherein the silicon dioxide (SiO) and aluminum oxide (AlO) claim 5 , ...

ANTIFREEZE COMPOSITION FOR PRODUCING A DURABLE CONCRETE IN COLD TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS

The present invention relates to an admixture for a cementitious composition and a method using said admixture for manufacturing a durable cementitious composition, in particular a concrete, in cold weather conditions, such as in winter time or in cold geographical areas. 117-. (canceled)18. Admixture for a cementitious composition , comprising:a) calcium nitrate,b) aluminium nitrate,c) a superplasticizer (SP), andd) optionally, an air entraining agent (AEA).19. The admixture for a cementitious composition according to claim 18 , comprising:a) calcium nitrate,b) aluminium nitrate,c) a superplasticizer (SP), andd) an air entraining agent (AEA).20. The admixture for a cementitious composition according to claim 18 , comprising:a) 62 to 82 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of calcium nitrate,b) 10 to 36 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of aluminium nitrate,c) 5 to 15 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of a superplasticizer (SP), andd) 0 to 1 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of an air entraining agent (AEA),wherein the sum of components a), b), c) and d) adds up to 100 weight %.21. Cementitious composition comprising:i) cement,ii) water,{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00018', 'claim 18'}, 'iii) the admixture for a cementitious composition according to , and'}iv) optionally an aggregate.22. The cementitious composition according to claim 21 , selected from the group of a mortar composition claim 21 , a cement paste composition claim 21 , and a concrete composition.23. The cementitious composition according to claim 21 , wherein the water to cement weight ratio (w/c) is in the range of about 0.30 to 0.35.24. The cementitious composition according to claim 21 , wherein the calcium nitrate is present at a concentration of 2.5 to 3.5 weight % claim 21 , relative to the weight of the cement.25. The cementitious composition according to claim 21 , wherein the aluminium nitrate is present ...

Method and Composition For Stabilization of Drill Cuttings

A method and composition for stabilizing drill cuttings commences by providing precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). The PCC is dried to a moisture level of about 10% or less. Drying by heat not to exceed 400° F. is preferred to prevent changes in the PCC. The dried PCC is blended with kiln dust to compose a generally uniform admixture. In the admixture, the kiln dust is not to exceed 40%. The admixture is introduced to the drill cuttings to initiate a nucleation reaction within the commixture of drill cuttings and the admixture. 1. A composition for the stabilization of drill cuttings , the composition comprising:{'sub': '3', 'precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), a synthetically formed CaCO; and'}{'sub': '2', 'hydrated lime, also known as calcium hydroxide {Ca(OH)}.'}2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the PCC comprises at least one half of the composition.3. A method for composing an admixture for stabilization of drill cuttings comprises:{'sub': '3', 'providing precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), a synthetically formed CaCO;'}drying the PCC to a moisture level of about 10% or less; and{'sub': '2', 'blending the dried PCC with hydrated lime, also known as calcium hydroxide {Ca(OH)}, to compose a generally uniform admixture, the hydrated lime, not to exceed 50%.'}4. The method of wherein drying the PCC includes:packaging the admixture to exclude introduction of moisture prior to application on drill cuttings.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein drying the PCC includes:drying in a mechanical dryer at a temperature not to exceed 400° F.6. (canceled)7. The method of claim 3 , wherein blending the dried PCC with hydrated lime includes:blending by means of a pugmill.8. The method of claim 3 , wherein blending the dried PCC with hydrated lime includes selecting a ratio of dried PCC to hydrated lime based upon a moisture level in the drill cuttings to be stabilized.9. The method of claim 3 , wherein blending the dried PCC with hydrated lime includes selecting a ratio ...

COPOLYMERS HAVING A GRADIENT STRUCTURE AS DISPERSANT FOR ALKALINICALLY ACTIVATED BINDING AGENTS

A copolymer as dispersant in a binder composition comprising an alkaline activating agent, wherein the activating agent is especially suitable for activation of a latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic binder, wherein the copolymer has a polymer backbone and side chains bonded thereto and comprises at least one ionizable monomer unit M1 and at least one side chain-bearing monomer unit M2, and wherein the copolymer has a gradient structure in at least one section A in a direction along the polymer backbone with regard to the ionizable monomer unit M1 and/or with regard to the side chain-bearing monomer unit M2. 1. A binder composition comprising an organic and/or mineral binder , an alkaline activating agent , and a copolymer , as dispersant , having a polymer backbone and side chains bonded thereto and comprising at least one ionizable monomer unit M1 and at least one side chain-bearing monomer unit M2 , wherein the copolymer has a gradient structure in at least one section A in a direction along the polymer backbone with regard to the ionizable monomer unit M1 and/or with regard to the side chain-bearing monomer unit M2.2. The binder composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises a latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic binder.3. The binder composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the binder composition includes 5-95% by weight of latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic binder claim 1 , and 5-95% by weight of hydraulic binder.4. The binder composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the at least one section A of the copolymer claim 1 , a local concentration of the at least one ionizable monomer unit M1 increases continuously along the polymer backbone claim 1 , while a local concentration of the at least one side chain-bearing monomer unit M2 decreases continuously along the polymer backbone claim 1 , or vice versa.5. The binder composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polydispersity of the copolymer is <1.5.6. The binder ...

FLY ASH BASED CASTABLE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL WITH CONTROLLED FLOW AND WORKABILITY RETENTION

A castable construction material with controlled flow and workability retention comprising (a) a binder comprising from 75% to 100% by weight of fly ashes comprising from 1.5% to 35% by weight of Ca O and a Lost on Ignition (LOI) value from 0.5% to 5.5% by weight, (b) an activator comprising an alkali hydroxide and an alkali silicate, wherein the activator is from 3% to 25% by weight with respect to the castable construction material, (c) sand, (d) fine aggregates, (e) coarse aggregates, (f) free water and (g) a workability retention agent wherein selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylate ether polymer (PCE), polyamines, polyethylene imines, polyacrylamides, polyacrylate (EO, PO) ester, polymethacrylate (EO, PO) ester, polyammonium derivatives and co-polymers thereof, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, benzalkonium chlorides, substituted quaternary ammonium salts, chitosans, caseins and cationically modified colloidal silica. 1. A castable construction material with controlled flow and workability retention comprising:(a) a binder comprising from 75% to 100% by weight of fly ashes comprising from 1.5% to 35% by weight of CaO and a Lost on Ignition (LOI) value from 0.5% to 5.5% by weight,(b) an activator comprising an alkali hydroxide and an alkali silicate, wherein the activator is from 3% to 25% by weight with respect to the castable construction material,(c) sand,(d) fine aggregates,(e) coarse aggregates,(f) free water and(g) a workability retention agent wherein selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylate ether polymer (PCE), polyamines, polyethylene imines, polyacrylamides, polyacrylate (EO, PO) ester, polymethacrylate (EO, PO) ester, polyammonium derivatives and co-polymers thereof, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, benzalkonium chlorides, substituted quaternary ammonium salts, chitosans, caseins and cationically modified colloidal silica.2. Castable construction material according to claim 1 , further comprising an element selected ...

Methods for Determining Reactive Index For Cementitious Components, Associated Compositions, And Methods of Use

A variety of methods and compositions are disclosed, including, in one embodiment, a settable composition comprising: water; and a cementitious component having a calculated reactive index. 1. A settable composition comprising:water; anda cementitious component having a calculated reactive index.2. The composition of wherein the particle size of the cementitious component has been adjusted to adjust the calculated reactive index.3. The composition of wherein the particle size of the cementitious component was adjusted to have a mean particle size of about 1 micron to about 350 microns.4. The composition of wherein the cementitious component comprises a ground cementitious component.5. The composition of wherein the particle size of the cementitious component was reduced to a mean particle of about 15 microns or less.6. The composition of wherein the settable composition has a density in a range of about 4 pounds per gallon to about 20 pounds per gallon claim 1 , and wherein the water is present in an amount sufficient to form a pumpable slurry.7. The composition of wherein the cementitious component comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of Portland cement claim 1 , calcium aluminate claim 1 , gypsum claim 1 , a pozzolanic material claim 1 , kiln dust claim 1 , and any combination thereof.8. The composition of wherein the settable composition further comprises a second cementitious component claim 1 , wherein the cementitious component and the second cementitious component have different reactive indexes.9. The composition of wherein the cementitious component and the second cementitious component have reactive indexes that vary by a factor of at least about 2:1.10. The composition of wherein the cementitious component and the second cementitious component have reactive indexes that vary by a factor of at least about 100:1. The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/657,060 filed Mar. 13, 2015 which is ...

Multifunctional storage container for perishable products and solid waste

Disclosure of a container to store solid and liquid wastes and perishable goods and protect them from microbial damage. The storage container is also amenable to selectively remove water vapor from inside the bag without damaging the container.

CONCRETE MIX AND PRODUCTS INCLUDING RECYCLED PORCELAIN

A concrete mix for use in forming molded concrete end products is disclosed. The concrete mix includes treated porcelain kernels, cement and sand. The treated porcelain kernels are formed from recycled and currently unusable porcelain products. The porcelain products are crushed and processed to create porcelain kernels having a desired size. The porcelain kernels having the desired size are mixed with cement and sand and the concrete mix is packaged for subsequent use. The concrete mix including the porcelain kernels formed from recycled porcelain products allows the porcelain end products to be recycled while providing concrete products that have lighter weight and greater flame resistance. 1. A pre-formed concrete mix for use in forming end products , comprising:treated porcelain kernels formed from recycled porcelain;cement; andsand.2. The concrete mix of wherein the treated porcelain kernels have a size in the range of 0.0117″ to 0.75″.3. The concrete mix of wherein the treated porcelain kernels have a most preferred sizing in the range of 0.265″ to 0.375″.4. The concrete mix of wherein the cement includes fly ash and at least 30% of the concrete mix by weight is from recycled porcelain and fly ash.5. The concrete mix of wherein the sand is formed from recycled porcelain.6. The concrete mix of wherein the treated porcelain kernels constitute at least 35% of the concrete mix by weight.7. The concrete mix of wherein the treated porcelain kernels constitute at least 35% of the concrete mix by weight.8. A method of forming a concrete mix claim 5 , comprising the steps of:receiving a supply of recycled porcelain:processing the porcelain to create finished porcelain kernels;mixing the finished porcelain kernels with at least cement and sand to create the concrete mix; andpackaging the concrete mix for use in forming an end product.9. The method of wherein the porcelain kernels have a size in the range between 0.0117″ to 0.750″.10. The method of wherein the treated ...

RECYCLED COMPOSITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION, AND METHODS OF UTILIZING AND PRODUCING THE SAME

A low density annular grout composition for filling voids. The composition may consist of cementitious fly ash, water, set retarder and cellular foam. The composition may have a compressive strength of between 100 and 600 psi at seven days and less than 1500 psi at 28 days. The composition may have a density between 20 and 75 pcf. Also disclosed is a method of filling a void with a low density annular grout composition. The method can include determining the time necessary to fill the void, adding water and set retarder to a cementitious fly ash to make a wet mixture, adding air to the wet mixture, and adding the composition to the void. 1. A low density annular grout composition for filling voids comprising:between 30%-85% air by volume;between 50%-90% cementitious fly ash by weight;between 10% and 35% water by weight; andbetween 0.01% and 2% set retarder by weight,wherein the composition has compressive strength of between 100 and 600 psi at seven days, a compressive strength of less than 1500 psi at 28 days, and a density of between 20 and 75 pcf.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the air content of the composition is between 40% and 80% by volume of the composition.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the air content of the composition is less than 80% by volume of the composition.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious fly ash is between 60% and 80% by weight of the composition.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious fly ash is greater than 60% by weight of the composition.6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a filler between 1% and 45% by weight of the composition.7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the filler is between 10% and 30% by weight of the composition.8. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the filler is a non-cementitious fly ash.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the water to fly ash ratio in the composition is between 0.15 to 0.40.10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the water to ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MAKING AND APPLYING A NON-PORTLAND CEMENT-BASED MATERIAL

An inorganic, non-Portland cement-based construction material is provided. The material may include blast furnace slag material, volcano rock flour, alkali-based powder, and sand. Other materials having various ratios may also be included. 1. An inorganic , non-Portland cement-based construction material comprising:blast furnace slag material;volcano rock flour;alkali-based powder; andsand.2. The non-Portland cement-based construction material of claim 1 , wherein the alkali-based powder is silicate. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/856,857 filed on 28 Dec. 2017, entitled System and Method for Making and Applying a Non-Portland Cement-Based Material, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/705,534 filed on 6 May 2015, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,896,379, issued on Feb. 20, 2018, entitled System and Method for Making and Applying a Non-Portland Cement-Based Material, the contents of which are all incorporated by reference.This disclosure relates to construction materials and, more particularly, to a method for making and applying construction materials.Existing approaches in the fields of sewer refurbishing and concrete restoration and construction may involve the application of shotcrete, which may be pneumatically projected towards the surface in need of repair or construction. This shotcrete includes materials found in basic concrete, such as, sand, Portland cement, and liquid. At a particular job site, this shotcrete may take the form of either a dry-mix or a wet-mix application. The phrase “dry-mix” typically involves the pneumatic transfer of some or all of the materials in a dry state, through a hose, to a nozzle where an operator may control the application of liquid to the dry-mix at the nozzle prior to the projection of the substance. In contrast, the phrase “wet-mix” typically involves the transfer of a previously mixed concrete, including liquid, through a hose prior to projection.Some companies have ...

System and Method for Disposal of Mutagen Waste

An assembly and method for processing human waste includes providing a supporting base having an opening within which a waste reservoir is affixed. The assembly may be installed on or below a rim of a toilet bowl. Solidification and pathogen killing materials are provided. The materials are deposited in the reservoir either prior to or upon accumulation of waste in the reservoir. The reservoir with the solidified waste is then sealed and transported to a collection facility.

Binder compositions and method of synthesis

Some embodiments of the invention include cementitious iron carbonate binder precursor compositions that includes powdered iron or steel, a first powdered additive including silica, a second powdered additive including calcium carbonate, at least one powdered clay, and a fibrous and/or woven additive. In some embodiments of the invention, the precursor composition includes an alumina additive. In some further embodiments, the powdered clay includes kaolinite clay and/or metakaolin clay. In some further embodiments, the precursor composition includes an organic reducing agent such as oxalic acid. Some embodiments include up to about 60% by weight of powdered iron or steel, up to about 20% by weight of the first powdered additive, up to about 8% by weight of the second powdered additive, up to about 10% by weight of at least one powdered clay, and up to about 2% by weight of an organic acid.

CORROSION PROTECTED FIBRE-REINFORCED CEMENT COMPOSITION FOR USE IN COLD TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS

The present invention relates to an admixture for a cementitious composition, the cementitious composition comprising said admixture and a method for casting a durable cementitious solid, in particular a concrete, in cold weather conditions, such as in winter time or in cold geographical areas, more in particular for casting part of the cement tube in bore hole drilling in cold weather conditions. 118-. (canceled)19. Admixture for a cementitious composition , comprising:a) 9 to 75 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of metallic fibres,b) 18 to 74 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of calcium nitrate,c) 3 to 24 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of aluminium nitrate,d) 1.6 to 12.5 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of a superplasticizer (SP), ande) 0 to 1 weight %, relative to the total weight of the admixture, of an air entraining agent (AEA), wherein the sum of components a), b), c), d) and e) adds up to 100 weight %.20. Cementitious composition comprising:i) cement,ii) water,{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00019', 'claim 19'}, 'iii) the admixture for a cementitious composition according to , and'}iv) optionally an aggregate.21. The cementitious composition according to claim 20 , selected from the group consisting of a mortar composition claim 20 , a cement paste composition claim 20 , and a concrete composition.22. The cementitious composition according to claim 20 , wherein the water to cement weight ratio (w/c) is in the range of about 0.30 to 0.35.23. The cementitious composition according to claim 20 , wherein the metallic fibres are present at a concentration of 0.5 to 10 weight % claim 20 , relative to the weight of the cement.24. The cementitious composition according to claim 20 , wherein the calcium nitrate is present at a concentration of 2.5 to 3.5 weight % claim 20 , relative to the weight of the cement.25. The cementitious composition according to claim 20 , wherein ...

Fly ash cementitious compositions

A composition comprising: (a) fly ash cementitious binder; and (b) a chemical activator selected from sodium silicate, potassium silicate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , sodium chloride, calcium chloride, fine fraction of concrete waste from construction or demolition, cement kiln dust, or a combination thereof, wherein the fly ash is the only cementitious binder present in the composition and the CaO activator, if present, is present in an amount ≤10 weight percent, based on the total dry weight of the composition.

High-density subterranean storage system for nuclear fuel and radioactive waste

An underground ventilated system for storing nuclear waste materials. The system includes a storage module having an outer shell defining an internal cavity and an inner shell. A majority of the height of the outer shell may be disposed below grade. The outer shell may include a hermetically sealed bottom. First and second canisters are positioned in lower and upper portions within the cavity respectively in vertically stacked relationship. A centering and spacing ring assembly is interspersed between the first and second canisters to transfer the weight of the upper second canister to the lower first canister. The assembly may include centering lugs which laterally restrain the first and second canisters in case of a seismic event. A natural convection driven ventilated air system cools the canisters to remove residual decay heat to the atmosphere. In one non-limiting embodiment, the shells are made of steel.

MITIGATION OF CORROSION IN CARBONATED CONCRETE BASED ON LOW-CALCIUM SILICATE CEMENT

The invention provides methods and compositions that prevent, mitigate or delay the onset of corrosion of iron or steel (e.g., plain carbon steel) components used as reinforcement or otherwise at least partially embedded in carbonated concrete composite materials and objects based on carbonatable calcium silicate cement. 1. A carbonated composite material , comprisinga bonding matrix comprising a plurality of bonding elements; anda plurality of pores comprising a pore solution having a pH greater than about 9.5, wherein each bonding element comprisesa core, wherein the core comprises of a carbonatable material,a first silica-rich layer that at least partially covers some peripheral portion of the core, anda second calcium and/or magnesium carbonate-rich layer that at least partially covers some peripheral portion of the first silica-rich layer; andwherein the carbonated composite material has a compressive strength of 3,500 psi or greater.2. The carbonated composite material of claim 1 , wherein the pore solution has a pH of about 10 to about 13.5.3. The carbonated composite material of claim 2 , wherein the carbonated composite material has a compressive strength of 4 claim 2 ,000 psi or greater.4. The carbonated composite material of claim 2 , wherein the carbonated composite material has a compressive strength of 5 claim 2 ,000 psi or greater.5. The carbonated composite material of claim 1 , wherein the material has a compressive strength greater than about 7 claim 1 ,000 psi.6. The carbonated composite material of claim 4 , wherein the material has a compressive strength greater than about 10 claim 4 ,000 psi.7. The carbonated composite material of claim 1 , wherein the bonding matrix further comprises one or more pH enhancing additives.8. The carbonated composite material of claim 7 , wherein the one or more pH enhancing additives is selected from the group consisting of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate claim 7 , calcium nitrite claim 7 , NaOH claim 7 , sodium ...

Methods and products for solidification of waste paint

Methods and products for hardening/solidifying waste paint for disposal, which are ideal for use with water-based paints, acrylic paints, latex paints and oil-based paints using a single product which is both safe to use and safe for landfill disposal. In one illustrative embodiment, the product may comprise coconut coir, manufactured in a loose granulated grade, a compressed pellet grade, or a suitable mixture thereof which allows a user to choose the correct grades desired for as specific application to solidify waste paint materials safe for landfill disposal. Methods of use may include selecting the appropriate grade for a particular usage, solidifying waste paint and disposing of the waste paint absorbed into the selected coconut coir product.

Pervious concrete having a super-absorbent polymer

A pervious concrete composition comprising a superabsorbent polymer, thereby enabling a water/cement ratio of 0.35-0.50. The superabsorbent polymer can be a cross-linked sodium polyacrylate-acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer. The invention further comprises methods of installing the pervious concrete compositions.

System and Method for an Electrode Seal Assembly

A sealing system for isolating the environment inside a vitrification container from the outside environment comprises a vitrification container with a lid. The lid comprises two or more electrode seal assemblies through which two or more electrodes may be operatively positioned and extend down through the lid into the vitrification container. The electrodes may move axially up and down through the electrode seal assemblies or lock into place. The electrode seal assemblies each comprise a housing having two halves with recessed ring grooves. Sealing rings with a split may be placed into the grooves. Gas galleries may be machined or cast into the housing such that they are adjacent to the ring grooves. The gas galleries distribute gas onto the external faces of the sealing rings causing a change in pressure resulting in the sealing rings compressing onto the electrodes and forming a seal.

Palm oil fuel ash based mortar compositions

A mortar composition, which includes (i) a treated palm oil fuel ash, wherein the treated palm oil fuel ash is the only binder present, (ii) a fine aggregate, (iii) an alkali activator containing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and (iv) aluminum hydroxide as a strength enhancer. A cured mortar made from the mortar composition is also disclosed with advantageous compressive strength properties.

Achieving water release zone for dewatering thick fine tailings based on shearing parameter such as camp number

Various techniques are provided in relation to flocculation and/or dewatering of thick fine tailings, with shear conditioning of flocculated tailings material in accordance with a pre-determined shearing parameter, such as the Camp Number. One example method of treating thick fine tailings including dispersing a flocculant into the thick fine tailings to form a flocculating mixture; shearing the flocculating mixture to increase yield stress and produce a flocculated mixture; shear conditioning the flocculated mixture to decrease the yield stress and break down flocs, the shear conditioning being performed in accordance with the pre-determined shearing parameter to produce conditioned flocculated material within a water release zone where release water separates from the conditioned flocculated material. The conditioned flocculated material can then be subjected to dewatering, for example by depositing, thickening or filtering. The design, construction and/or operation of a flocculation pipeline assembly can be facilitated.

Treatment of Sodic Fly Ash for Reducing the Leachability of Selenium Contained Herein

A treatment method for reducing the leachability of selenium contained in a sodic fly ash which is provided by a combustion process when a sodium-based sorbent comes in contact with a flue gas generated by combustion to remove at least a portion of pollutants contained in the flue gas. The method comprises: (a) contacting the sodic fly ash with at least one additive in the presence of water; and (b) drying the material (preferably a paste) from step (a) to form a dried matter. The additive may comprise at least one strontium-containing compound, at least one barium-containing compound, dolomite, a dolomite derivative such as calcined or hydrated dolomite, at least one silicate-containing compound, or any combinations of two or more thereof. A particularly suitable additive may comprise strontium chloride, strontium hydroxide, pulverized dolomitic lime, sodium silicate, or any combinations of two or more thereof.

CONCRETE MATERIALS WITH MODIFIED RHEOLOGY, METHODS OF MAKING, AND USES THEREOF

A composition, in the form of a concrete, cement paste, mortar or intermediate thereof, comprising one or more cementitious binder materials present in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 75% by weight of the composition, attapulgite present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 1.00% by weight of the composition, and optionally water. Although subject to many uses, in some embodiments, the composition is suitable for applications in need or desire of self-consolidating concretes (SCCs), precast concrete, shotcrete, and the like. Although makeable by multiple methods, in some embodiments, the composition is made by mixing the component ingredients. In some embodiments, the composition has one or more properties chosen from superior aggregate suspension, eliminated segregation, improved workability, improved flowability, improved pumpability—or improved overall performance—of concretes. 1. A composition , comprising:one or more cementitious binder materials present in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 75% by dry weight of the composition; and attapulgite present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 4.00% by dry weight of the composition;', 'sepiolite present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 6% by weight of the composition; and', 'palygorskite present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 5% by weight of the composition., 'at least one member chosen from'}2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises water in an amount ranging from 0.2 to 0.7 W/C claim 1 , wherein W is the mass of the water claim 1 , and wherein C is the dry mass of the one or more cementitious binder materials.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the amount W/C ranges from 0.35 to 0.60.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is in the form chosen from concrete claim 1 , cement paste claim 1 , and mortar.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the attapulgite is present in an amount ranging from 0.02% to 0.7% by weight of the composition.6. The composition of claim 1 , ...

Treatment of water-containing ore beneficiation residues

Process for treating water-containing ore beneficiation residues with superabsorbents in order to increase the complex shear modulus G* by at least 10% compared to the untreated ore beneficiation residue, where the complex modulus G* is determined by the method defined herein, and the superabsorbent contains, in copolymerized form, a) at least 50 mol % based on the superabsorbent of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups, where the degree of neutralization of the monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups is preferably from 15 to 85 mol %, and b) preferably from 0.015 to 0.1 mol % based on the total amount of monomers of at least one crosslinker and c) optionally one or more ethylenically and/or allylically unsaturated monomers which are different from the monomers a) and can be copolymerized therewith, where the superabsorbent is optionally surface-treated, preferably using anticaking agents and/or plasticizers, and also is preferably surface-crosslinked.

RECOVERY OF VALUE ADDED INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS FROM FLUE-GAS DESULFURIZATION WASTE WATERS AT POWER PLANTS

Cementitious mixtures comprising precipitate calcium carbonate (PCC) and hydraulic cement and methods of making same. The PCC may be obtained as a precipitate product from reaction of flue gas desulverization wastewater (FGDW) and sodium carbonate. 1. Cementitious mixture comprising:a) precipitate calcium carbonate (PCC) andb) a hydraulic cement, said (PCC) being obtained as precipitate product from reaction of flue gas desulfurization wastewater (FGDW) and sodium carbonate.2. Cementitious mixture as recited in wherein said hydraulic cement comprises Portland Cement (PC) clinker.3. Cementitious mixture as recited in wherein said hydraulic cement comprises a pozzolanic material claim 1 , wherein said PCC is present in an amount 1-35 wt % based on the weight of a) and b).4. Cementitious mixture as recited in wherein said pozzolanic material comprises fly ash.5. Cementitious mixture as recited in further comprising c) water claim 1 , said water being present in an amount of c): 0.15-1.5x claim 1 , wherein x is the combined weight of a) and b).6. Cementitious mixture as recited in wherein said a) PCC has a particle size ranging from about 1-100 μm.7. Cementitious mixture as recited in wherein said PCC has a median particle size of about 10-20 μm.8. Cementitious mixture as recited in wherein said PCC has a median particle size of about 10-15 μm.9. Calcium carbonate adapted for use in a cementitious mixture claim 7 , said calcium carbonate being a product of reaction of FGDW and soda ash.10. Calcium carbonate as recited in having a particle size of about 1-100 μm and a median particle size of about 10-20 μm.11. Calcium carbonate as recited in in combination with fly ash claim 10 , said calcium carbonate being present in an amount of about 1-99 wt % based on the combined weight of said calcium carbonate and said fly ash claim 10 , said fly ash being present in an amount of 99 wt %-1% wt based upon the combined weight of said calcium carbonate and fly ash.12. Method of ...

Activator having a low ph value for supplementary cementitious material

Activators for supplementary cementitious material, comprising reactive belite, obtainable by hydrothermal treatment of a starting material, which contains sources for CaO and SiO2 in an autoclave at a temperature of 100 to 300° C. and tempering the obtained intermediate product at 350 to 495° C., hydraulic binders based on the supplementary cementitious material above, and by a method for activating the supplementary cementitious material by adding reactive belite obtainable by hydrothermal treatment of a starting material which contains sources for CaO and SiO2 in an autoclave at a temperature of 100 to 300° C. and tempering the obtained intermediate product at 350 to 495° C. and the use of the reactive belite containing material as activator.

POLYURETHANE COMPOSITES WITH FILLERS

Polyurethane composites and methods of preparing polyurethane composites are described herein. The polyurethane composite can comprise (a) a polyurethane formed by the reaction of (i) one or more isocyanates selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, and (ii) one or more polyols; (b) fly ash comprising 50% or greater by weight, fly ash particles having a particle size of from 0.2 micron to 100 microns; and (c) a coarse filler material comprising 80% or greater by weight, filler particles having a particle size of from greater than 250 microns to 10 mm. The coarse filler material can be present in the composite in an amount of from 1% to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the composite. The weight ratio of the fly ash to the coarse filler material can be from 9:1 to 200:1. 141-. (canceled)42. A building material comprising:polyurethane, wherein the polyurethane is present in an amount of 30% or less by weight based on the total weight of the building material;at least 5% by weight discrete coarse filler particles, based on the total weight of the building material, wherein the discrete coarse filler particles comprise silica and have a diameter of 100 microns to 300 microns; and1% to 10% by weight of a glass fiber material, based on the total weight of the building material;wherein at least a portion of the discrete coarse filler particles and the glass fiber material are dispersed within the polyurethane.43. The building material of claim 42 , wherein the glass fiber material is present in an amount of 1.5% to 8% by weight claim 42 , based on the total weight of the building material.44. The building material of claim 42 , wherein the glass fiber material is in the form of a fabric claim 42 , a roving claim 42 , or a tow.45. The building material of claim 42 , wherein the discrete coarse filler particles are present in an amount of at least 30% by weight claim 42 , based on the total weight of the building ...

PERVIOUS CONCRETE HAVING A SUPER-ABSORBENT POLYMER

A pervious concrete composition comprising a superabsorbent polymer in a proportion of 0.03 0.07 wt. % cement, preferably about 0.045 wt. % of cement, thereby enabling a water:cement ratio of 0.35 0.50. The superabsorbent polymer can be a cross-linked sodium polyacrylate-acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer, and is introduced in powdered form to a concrete mix, wherein it is hydrated during the mixing process. The pervious concrete compositions herein can therefore be made with a desirable water:cement ratio and without the need for water-reducers or viscosity modifying additives. The invention further comprises methods of in stalling the pervious concrete compositions. 1. A pervious concrete composition comprising a super-absorbent polymer , present in an amount of 0.045 wt. % of cement , and having a water:cement ratio of 0.35-0.50.2. The pervious concrete composition of claim 1 , wherein the super-absorbent polymer is cross-linked sodium polyacrylate.3. The pervious concrete composition of claim 1 , wherein the water:cement ratio is 0.46-0.50.4. A pervious concrete composition comprising cross-linked sodium polyacrylate in the range 0.03-0.07% by weight of cement.5. A method of making pervious concrete claim 1 , the method comprising:mixing cement and water in the ratio 0.35-0.50 by weight to form a cement paste;adding the cement paste to coarse aggregate;adding powdered cross-linked sodium polyacrylate in the range 0.03-0.07% by weight of cement to the mixture of cement paste and coarse aggregate; andmixing all the ingredients, thereby creating a pervious concrete composition.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the water:cement ratio is in the range 0.41-0.42 by weight.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the water:cement ratio is in the range 0.35-0.50.8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the water:cement ratio is in the range 0.46-0.50.9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method does not incorporate glycerin or polyethylene glycol into the mixture.10. The method of ...

Fly ash-containing construction material with improved strength and water resistance and methods of forming the same

The invention is directed to a fly ash containing construction material having improved strength and water resistance. The fly ash containing material includes fly ash, an alkali solution comprising sodium hydroxide, and water. The invention further provides a geopolymerization method of forming a fly ash containing material.

SINTERED CERAMICS

A man-made aggregate or a masonry unit may be made by adding impound residues and mixing the impound residues with other residues, ceramic materials and/or additives to form an admixture. The impound residues may also be mixed with synthetic or organic polymers. The impound residues may not conform to the requirements of ASTM C618-15. The admixture may be subjected to a thermal process that allows for a ceramic conversion of the ceramic components of the mix used. 1. A method of making a man-made aggregate comprising the steps of:adding impound residues andmixing the impound residues with other residues, ceramic materials and/or additives to form an admixture.2. The method of wherein the impound residues do not conform to any of the requirements of ASTM C618-15.3. The method of comprising the additional step of subjecting the admixture to a thermal process that allows for a ceramic conversion of the ceramic components of the mix used.4. The method of further comprising the step of adding an additive that is contributing to eutectic conditions.5. The method of further comprising the step of adding an oxidizing agent.6. The method of wherein the oxidizing agent is as potash.7. The method of wherein the oxidizing agent is soda.8. The method of wherein the ceramic conversion occurs in a kiln.9. The method of wherein the ceramic conversion process occurs with excess oxygen or under reducing conditions.10. The method of wherein the ceramic conversion process can occur using externally or internally fired kilns.11. The method of wherein the admixture of the components can be made either wet or dry.12. The method of wherein each one of the components of the admixture can undergo a previous treatment such as sizing claim 3 , removing of impurities claim 3 , grinding claim 3 , annealing or a combination of sizing claim 3 , removing of impurities claim 3 , grinding claim 3 , and annealing.13. A method of making a man-made aggregate comprising the steps of:adding impound ...