Method for recovery of cobalt and manganese from spent cobalt-manganese-bromine (cmb) catalyst and method for producing cmb catalyst including the recovery method

Disclosed is a method for recovering cobalt and manganese from a spent cobalt-manganese-bromine (CMB) catalyst. The method includes (a) continuously leaching a spent CMB catalyst with sulfuric acid, (b) separating the leachate into a solution and a residue, (c) extracting the solution with a solvent, and (d) washing the extract with water. According to the method, high-purity cobalt and manganese can be recovered in high yield from a spent CMB catalyst while minimizing the amount of impurities. Further disclosed is a method for producing a CMB liquid catalyst from the extract containing cobalt and manganese obtained by the recovery method.

Cancer-imaging agent and method of radioimaging using the same

The cancer-imaging agent and method of radioimaging relates to the use of a radioimaging agent for the imaging increased choline uptake to detect cancerous tissue. The radioimaging agent includes choline or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof labeled with technetium-99m. Preferably, the radioimaging agent is [methyl]-choline chloride labeled with 99m TcO 4 , which carries technetium-99m. In use, a patient is administered an effective amount of the radioimaging agent by injection and then scanned with a radioimaging device. The radioimaging agent is used to image select soft tissues in the patient, such as the liver or gallbladder, the upper abdominal organs, or the like, and to detect increased choline uptake. Choline is known to accumulate in cancerous cells. Thus, the radioimaging agent is particularly effective in the detection of potentially cancerous tissues.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION MATERIAL, THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION MATERIAL, AND PRODUCTION APPARATUS USED IN THE METHOD

A method for producing a thermoelectric conversion material composed of a metal A having an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, a transition metal M, and oxygen O, and represented by AxMyOz, where x, y, and z are valences of the respective elements, includes the steps of: using a massive metal oxide as the thermoelectric conversion material and a salt in a solid, liquid or gaseous state; causing a diffusion reaction between the oxide and the salt; and forming the thermoelectric conversion material having aligned crystal orientation. A production apparatus includes a reactor into which the oxide and the salt are introduced, and a heating means for heating the oxide and the salt within the reactor to promote the diffusion reaction. Thereby, the thermoelectric conversion material having efficiency is produced more simply and at lower cost than a production of the single crystal. 1. A method for producing a thermoelectric conversion material composed of a metal A including an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal , a transition metal M , and oxygen O , the thermoelectric conversion material represented by a general formula: AxMyOz , where x , y , and z are integers determined by valences of respective elements , comprising:using a massive metal oxide as a solid raw material for the thermoelectric conversion material and a salt in any one of solid, liquid, and gaseous states; andcausing a diffusion reaction between the massive metal oxide and the salt.2. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the AxMyOz is formed on a substrate.3. The method as defined in claim 2 , wherein the substrate is a metal plate claim 2 , and the AxMyOz is formed via an insulating film of an oxide of a metal constituting the metal plate.4. The method as defined in claim 2 , wherein the substrate is a ceramic plate claim 2 , and after formation of a metal film on the ceramic plate by one of deposition and plating claim 2 , the metal film is oxidized to produce the massive metal oxide.5. ...

LITHIUM PRIMARY CELL

The lithium primary battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode including a first active material capable of absorbing lithium ions and a second active material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions. The second active material is automatically charged by the first active material while the lithium primary battery is in an open circuit state. The first active material is, for example, graphite fluoride or manganese dioxide. The second active material is, for example, an organic compound having two or more ketone groups in a molecule. The second active material may be a polymer. 114-. (canceled)15. A lithium primary battery comprising a positive electrode comprising a first active material capable of absorbing a lithium ion and a second active material capable of absorbing and desorbing a lithium ion , whereinthe second active material is a polymer of a compound having a cyclic skeleton having carbon atoms at least two of which each form a ketone group, and the cyclic skeleton forms a conjugated system together with the at least two ketone groups, andthe second active material is automatically charged by the first active material while the lithium primary battery is in an open circuit state.16. The lithium primary battery according to claim 15 , wherein the second active material is in a charged state when assembly of the lithium primary battery is completed.17. The lithium primary battery according to claim 15 , wherein the polymer comprises a repeating unit having a phenanthrenequinone skeleton or a tetraketone skeleton.18. The lithium primary battery according to claim 15 , whereinthe positive electrode further comprises a conductive agent, andthe polymer as the second active material is present in a form of a thin film that covers a surface of the conductive agent.19. The lithium primary battery according to claim 15 , wherein the first active material is graphite fluoride or manganese dioxide.20. The lithium primary battery according ...

MANGANESE OXIDE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING LITHIUM MANGANESE COMPOSITE OXIDE USING SAME

There is provided manganese oxide having a pore volume fraction of no greater than 20% for pores with diameters of 10 μm or greater, as measured by mercury porosimetry, and a tap density of 1.6 g/cmor greater, and a method for producing it. There is also provided a method for producing a lithium manganese composite oxide using the manganese oxide. 1. An manganese oxide having a pore volume fraction of no greater than 20% for pores with diameters of 10 μm or greater , as measured by mercury porosimetry , and a tap density of 1.6 g/cmor greater.2. The manganese oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the pore area ratio is no greater than 15% for pores with diameters of up to 0.1 μm as measured by the mercury porosimetry.3. The manganese oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the mode diameter is 10 μm or greater.4. The manganese oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the Na content is no greater than 300 ppm by weight.5. The manganese oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the BET specific surface area is no greater than 5 m/g.6. The manganese oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxide includes either or both trimanganese tetraoxide and dimanganese trioxide.7. A method for producing a manganese oxide in which the manganese oxide according to is obtained from a water-soluble manganese salt solution claim 1 , the method comprising claim 1 ,a crystallization step in which the manganese oxide is obtained by crystallizing a trimanganese tetraoxide from the water-soluble manganese salt solution, without conversion via a manganese hydroxide or without crystallization of a hexagonal plate-like manganese hydroxide.8. The method for producing the manganese oxide according to claim 7 , wherein in the crystallization step claim 7 , the trimanganese tetraoxide is crystallized from the water-soluble manganese salt solution under conditions that satisfy either or both a pH of 6 to 9 and an oxidation-reduction potential of 0 to 300 mV.9. The method for producing manganese oxide ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING MIXED CARBONATES WHICH MAY COMPRISE HYDROXIDE(S)

A process for batchwise preparation of carbonates of at least two transition metals which may comprise hydroxide(s) of the corresponding transition metals, which comprises combining at least one aqueous solution comprising at least two transition metal salts having cations of at least two different transition metals overall with at least one solution of at least one carbonate or hydrogencarbonate of at least one alkali metal or ammonium, 1. A process for batchwise preparation of carbonates of at least two transition metals which may comprise hydroxide(s) of the corresponding transition metals , which comprises combining at least one aqueous solution comprising at least two transition metal salts having cations of at least two different transition metals overall with at least one solution of at least one carbonate or hydrogencarbonate of at least one alkali metal or ammonium ,introducing a stirrer power of at least 0.25 W/l,and keeping the reaction volume essentially constant during the admixing with alkali metal (hydrogen)carbonate by removing liquid phase while adding solution of alkali metal (hydrogen)carbonate or alkali metal hydroxide.2. The process according to claim 1 , which is performed in the presence of at least one complexing agent other than water.3. The process according to or claim 1 , which is performed for at least some of the time at a solids concentration of at least 500 g/l.4. The process according to any of to claim 1 , wherein the reactor system selected is a reaction vessel having at least one apparatus by which solid/liquid separations can be conducted.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the apparatus by which solid/liquid separations can be conducted is selected from sedimenters claim 4 , lamellar clarifiers claim 4 , centrifuges and units for inverse filtrations.6. The process according to any of to claim 4 , wherein the reactor system selected is a tank having a pumped circulation system.7. The process according to any of to claim ...

MANGANESE OXIDE PARTICLES AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAME

A manganese oxide particle having a hexagonal crystal structure or an analogous hexagonal crystal structure with an a-axis length of 8.73±1 Å and a c-axis length of 14.86±1 Å. The manganese oxide particle is preferably produced by a process including mixing an aqueous solution containing manganese (II) and an organic compound having a hydroxyl group while in a heated state with an alkali. 1. A manganese oxide particle having a hexagonal crystal structure or an analogous hexagonal crystal structure with an a-axis length of 8.73±1 Å and a c-axis length of 14.86±1 Å.2. The manganese oxide particle according to claim 1 , having a powder XRD (Cu/Kα) pattern showing diffraction peaks at a 2θ angle of at least 11.9±1° claim 1 , 24.0±1° claim 1 , and 36.3±1°.3. The manganese oxide particle according to claim 1 , being substantially free from a dopant element.4. A process for producing the manganese oxide particle of claim 1 , comprising mixing an aqueous solution containing manganese (II) and an organic compound having a hydroxyl group claim 1 , while in a heated state claim 1 , with an alkali.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the organic compound having a hydroxyl group is polyvinyl alcohol claim 4 , a polyol claim 4 , or a monohydric lower alcohol.6. A process for producing the manganese oxide particle according to claim 1 , comprising mixing an aqueous solution containing manganese (II) claim 1 , while in a heated state claim 1 , with an amount of an alkali claim 1 , the amount being such that generates OH in an amount 0.1 to 3.0 times the number of moles of the manganese (II).7. The manganese oxide particle according to claim 2 , being substantially free from a dopant element. This invention relates to novel manganese oxide particles having a layer structure and a process for producing the same.Conventional techniques relating to manganese oxide having a layer structure include the technique described in patent literature 1 below. The manganese oxide ...

METAL COMPLEXES OF POLY(CARBOXYL)AMINE-CONTAINING LIGANDS HAVING AN AFFINITY FOR CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IX

The present invention is directed to CA IX inhibitors that conform to Formula I where the substituents X, A, B, D, E, E′ and G are as defined above. 2. The compound of claim 1 , in which X is —(CH)— and m is 2.3. The compound of claim 1 , in which X is O— and m is 4.4. The compound of claim 1 , in which Rand Rare each independently carboxy(C-C)alkylene claim 1 , Ris hydrogen and Ris (C-C)alkyl.6. The compound of claim 1 , in which Rand Rare each independently hydrogen claim 1 , and Rand R(C-C)alkyl.8. The compound of claim 1 , in which the compound is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX.11. The metal complex of claim 10 , in which the metal is Tc claim 10 , Re claim 10 , or Re.13. The metal complex of claim 10 , in which the ratio of the sum of percent injected dose per gram tissue (% ID/g) values for liver and kidney tissues to the % ID/g value for tumor tissue decreases when observed at a first time point claim 10 , which is one hour post-administration of the metal complex to CA9/293 xenograft mice claim 10 , and at a second time point claim 10 , which is four hours post-administration of the metal complex to CA9/293 xenograft mice.14. The metal complex of claim 13 , in which the decrease in the ratio ranges from about a factor of about 2 to a factor of about 4.15. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of Formula I claim 13 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt claim 13 , tautomer claim 13 , or ester thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.16. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one metal complex of a compound of Formula I claim 13 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt claim 13 , tautomer claim 13 , or ester thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.17. A method for imaging a patient suspected of harboring CA IX expressing tumor tissue claim 13 , comprising:(a) administering to a patient suspected of harboring CA IX expressing tumor tissue a diagnostically effective amount of a radionuclide metal ...

METHOD FOR RECOVERING ACTIVE MATERIAL FROM WASTE BATTERY MATERIAL

Method of recovering active material from waste battery materials comprises: (1) an electrode material mixture recovery step of separating an electrode from the waste battery material to recover an electrode material mixture including the active material, a conductive material, and a binder from the electrode; (2) an activation agent mixing step of mixing an activation agent including one or more alkali metal compounds with the recovered electrode material mixture; (3) an activation step of heating the obtained mixture to a retention temperature not less than a melting start temperature of the activation agent to activate the active material included in the mixture; and (4) an active material recovery step of recovering the activated active material from a mixture obtained as a result of cooling after the activation step. 1. A method for producing an active material by recovering the active material from a waste battery material , the method comprising the following steps:(1) an electrode material mixture recovery step of separating an electrode from the waste battery material to recover an electrode material mixture including the active material, a conductive material, and a binder from the electrode;(2) an activation agent mixing step of mixing an activation agent including one or more alkali metal compounds with the recovered electrode material mixture;(3) an activation step of heating the obtained mixture to a retention temperature not less than a melting start temperature of the activation agent to activate the active material included in the mixture; and(4) an active material recovery step of recovering the activated active material from a mixture obtained as a result of cooling after the activation step.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the active material is a positive electrode active material.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the positive electrode active material is a positive electrode active material of a non-aqueous secondary ...

ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING LITHIUM-MANGANESE COMPLEX OXIDE

The invention provides electrolytic a manganese dioxide with a BET specific surface area of 20 to 60 m/g, and a volume of at least 0.023 cm/g for pores with pore diameters of 2 to 200 nm. Also provided is a method for producing an electrolytic manganese dioxide including a step of suspending a manganese oxide in a sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution to obtain the electrolytic manganese dioxide, wherein a manganese oxide particles are continuously mixed with a sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution, for a manganese oxide particle concentration of 5 to 200 mg/L in the sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution. Still further provided is a method for producing a lithium-manganese complex oxide, including a step of mixing the electrolytic manganese dioxide with a lithium compound and heat treating the mixture to obtain a lithium-manganese complex oxide. 1. An electrolytic manganese dioxide having a BET specific surface area of between 20 m/g and 60 m/g , and having a volume of at least 0.023 cm/g for pores with pore diameters of between 2 nm and 200 nm.2. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , having a volume of at least 0.025 cm/g for pores with pore diameters of between 2 nm and 200 nm.3. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , having a volume of at least 0.004 cm/g for pores with pore diameters of between 2 nm and 50 nm.4. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , having a volume of at least 0.005 cm/g for pores with pore diameters of between 2 nm and 50 nm.5. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the apparent particle density is at least 3.4 g/cm.6. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the apparent particle density is at least 3.8 g/cm.7. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the bulk density is at least 1.5 g/cm.8. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal ...

SPHERICAL TRIMANGANESE TETROXIDE WITH LOW BET SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA AND THE METHOD FOR PREPARATION THEREOF

The present invention provides a spherical trimanganese tetroxide with low BET specific surface area and preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the present invention comprises: (1) pre-treatment process, adding MnS and peroxide to MnSOsolution whose concentration is 130˜200 g/L to remove impurities, and then, neutralizing and separating by solid-liquid separation to obtain manganese sulfate filtrate; (2) oxidation reaction process, putting the filtrate in a reactor, maintaining the temperature of the solution at 25˜30° C., spraying the filtrate through the spray nozzle, mixing the sprayed manganese sulfate filtrate with a mixture gas of oxygen and ammonia gas to carry out reaction on the spraying interface at under a pressure of 500˜1000 mm HO, reacting until [Mn]≦1.5 g/L, the gas mol ratio is O/NH=1/12; (3) process for obtaining the final product, separating the solution obtained after reaction by solid-liquid separation to obtain solid and filtrate, washing and drying the solid to obtain MnOproduct. The trimanganese tetroxide of the present invention has properties that particle size distribution is narrow, the crystal phase is pure, impurities content is low, Mn % is 71.44˜71.08 wt %, BET specific surface area is less than 1 m/g, Dis 7.0˜8.5 μm, Dis 2.6˜3.2 μm, Dis 4.0˜5.5 μm, and Dis 15.138 μm. 1. A method for preparing spherical trimanganese tetroxide , comprising:{'sub': '4', '(1) a pre-treatment process comprising: adding MnS and a peroxide sequentially to a MnSOsolution whose concentration is 130˜200 g/L to remove impurities, neutralizing the resulting mixture to pH value of 5.0˜5.5, and separating the mixture by solid-liquid separation to obtain manganese sulfate filtrate;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '3, 'sup': '2+', '(2) an oxidation reaction process comprising: putting the foregoing manganese sulfate filtrate obtained in the pre-treatment process (1) in a reactor, spraying the filtrate through a nozzle of the reactor so that the sprayed manganese ...

METHODS FOR PREPARING TRIMANGANESE TETROXIDE WITH LOW BET SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA, METHODS FOR CONTROLLING PARTICLE SIZE OF TRIMANGANESE TETROXIDE AND TRIMANGANESE TETROXIDE PRODUCT

The present invention provides methods for preparing trimanganese tetroxide with low BET specific surface area and methods for controlling particle size of trimanganese tetroxide and trimanganese tetroxide product. 1. A method for preparing trimanganese tetroxide , comprising:(1) a process for purifying air comprising purifying air by spraying dilute aqueous ammonia;{'sub': 4', '4', '2', '4', '2', '2', '4, '(2) a pretreatment of removing impurities from a MnSOsolution comprising adjusting pH value of the MnSOsolution with a concentration in a range of 150˜200 g/L to 5.5-6.0, introducing HS gas into the MnSOsolution until pH value reaches 2.5-3.0, separating the mixture by solid-liquid separation to obtain a filtrate and a solid, purifying the filtrate by removing impurities with oxidization of HO, adjusting pH value of the filtrate to 5-6 with a base, and separating the obtained mixture by solid-liquid separation to obtain a filtrate and a solid, so as to obtain MnSOsolution as filtrate for use;'}{'sub': 4', '4', '3', '4', '3', '4', '3', '4, '(3) a process for preparing seed crystal comprising cooling the MnSOsolution obtained in the pretreatment (2) from MnSOsolution to a temperature of less than 40° C., and introducing liquid NHinto the cooled MnSOsolution until pH value reaches 10.5-11.0, separating the mixture by solid-liquid separation to obtain a filtrate and a solid; washing the obtained solid, adding deionized water to the washed solid and forming a slurry, introducing the purified air obtained in the process (1) into the slurry, and oxidizing the slurry into MnO; separating the mixture by solid-liquid separation to obtain filtrate and solid, so as to obtain MnOseed crystal as solid for use; and'}{'sub': 4', '4', '3', '4', '3', '4', '4', '4', '4', '3', '4, '(4) a process for obtaining the final product by controlling oxidization comprising adding the MnSOsolution obtained in the pretreatment (2) from MnSOsolution into an oxidization reactor, adding MnOseed ...

PEPTIDOMIMETIC INHIBITORS OF PSMA

Compounds of the formulae, (I), wherein each variable is as defined herein are provided which are useful in (i) diagnostic methods for detecting and/or identifying cells presenting PSMA; (2) compositions comprising a compound of the invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, and/or diluent; (3) methods for inhibiting or treating prostrate cancer; and (4) methods for blocking or destabilizing neovasculature of a tumor. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris —C(H)(COOR)N(H)C(O)(C-C)alkyl-R claim 1 , —C(H)(COOR)N(H)C(O)hetero aryl-R claim 1 , —C(H)(COOR)N(H)C(O)-G-CHCH—R claim 1 , —C(H)(COOR)N(H)C(O)(C-C)alkyl-O—(C-C)alkyl-R claim 1 , or —R.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare each —C(O)OH.5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris —C(O)OH.6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each benzyloxycarbonyl.9. The compound of claim 7 , wherein each Ris benzyl.10. The compound of claim 7 , wherein each Ris hydrogen.11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris a detectable label.12. The compound of claim 11 , wherein Ris F.13. The compound of claim 12 , wherein Ris a chelated Tc claim 12 ,Cu claim 12 , Ga claim 12 , or In.14. The compound of claim 12 , wherein Ris Tc coordinated to a chelating moiety.15. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris a pendant group comprising either a detectable label claim 1 , or a cytotoxic group.16. The compound of claim 15 , wherein Ris a pendant group comprising F.17. The compound of claim 16 , wherein Ris a pendant group comprising a cytotoxic group claim 16 , and the cytotoxic group is paclitaxel or doxorubicin.2019. A composition comprising a compound of any one of - together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier claims 1 , excipient claims 1 , and/or diluent.2119. A method for detecting and/or identifying cells presenting PSMA comprising contacting a cell suspected of presenting PSMA with a compound of any one of - or a composition of .2219. A method for inhibiting or ...

SUBSTITUTED PORPHYRINS

Substituted metalloporphyrin compounds are described, along with pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of use thereof in protecting cells from oxidant-induced toxicity and pathological conditions such as inflammatory lung disease, neurodegenerative conditions, radiation injury, cancer, diabetes, cardiac conditions and sickle cell disease. Mn(III) porphyrins bearing oxygen atoms within side chains are particularly described. 2. The compound according to wherein at least one A is halogen claim 1 , NOor CHO.3. The compound according to wherein said compound is of Formula I claim 1 , III claim 1 , V or VII and M is manganese4. The compound according to where said compound is of Formula V claim 1 , VI claim 1 , VII or VIII.5. A method of protecting cells from oxidant-induced toxicity comprising treating said cells with a protective amount of the compound of under conditions such that the protection is effected.6. The method according to wherein said cells are mammalian cells.7. A method of treating a pathological condition of a patient resulting from oxidant-induced toxicity comprising administering to said patient an effective amount of the compound of under conditions such that the treatment is effected.8. A method of treating a pathological condition of a patient resulting from degradation of NO. comprising administering to said patient an effective amount of the compound of under conditions such that the treatment is effected.9. A method of treating a patient for inflammatory lung disease comprising administering to said patient an effective amount of the compound of under conditions such that the treatment is effected.10. A method of treating a neurodegenerative condition of a patient comprising administering to the patient an effective amount of the compound of .11. A method of treating radiation injury and cancer of a patient comprising administering to the patient an effective amount of the compound of .12. A method of treating a diabetic ...

Metal Oxide Nanoparticle-Based T1-T2 Dual-Mode Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent

The present invention relates to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, particularly a metal oxide nanoparticle-based T1-T2 dual-mode MRI contrast agent that can be used not only as a T1 MRI contrast agent but also as a T2 MRI contrast agent, and a method for producing the same. The metal oxide nanoparticle-based T1-T2 dual-mode MRI contrast agent can provide more accurate and detailed information associated with disease than single MRI contrast agent by the beneficial contrast effects in both T1 imaging with high tissue resolution and T2 imaging with high feasibility on detection of a lesion. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. (canceled)23. (canceled)24. (canceled)25. A method for producing a T1-T2 dual-mode MRI contrast agent derived from nanoparticles that have a core of manganese oxide and a porous shell of manganese ion-doped iron oxide on the core , comprising the following steps:A) synthesizing manganese oxide nanoparticles under inert gas environment;B) forming an epitaxial layer of iron oxide on the surface of manganese oxide nanoparticles under inert gas environment;C) maintaining the formation of the layer of porous manganese ion-doped iron oxide under dry air environment to form multilayer nanoparticles having a porous shell adjacent to core structure; andD) coating multilayer nanoparticles with a biocompatible polymer.26. The method for producing a T1-T2 dual-mode MRI contrast agent according to claim 25 , wherein the manganese oxide nanoparticles are synthesized with at least one shape selected from the group consisting of octahedral and cross shapes.27. The method for producing a T1-T2 dual-mode MRI contrast agent according to claim 25 , wherein the biocompatible polymer is at least one ...

SYNTHESIS OF HYPERVALENT IODINE REAGENTS WITH DIOXYGEN

Methods of synthesis of hypervalent iodine reagents and methods for oxidation of organic compounds are disclosed. 1. A method of synthesis of an aryl hypervalent iodine reagent , comprising contacting an aryl iodide in a suitable solvent with an aliphatic aldehyde and a source of dioxygen , thereby forming the aryl hypervalent iodine reagent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aryl hypervalent iodine reagent is aryl iodine I(III) or I(V) reagent.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aliphatic aldehyde has the formula of RCHO claim 1 , wherein Ris a C-Calkyl.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the aliphatic aldehyde is acetaldehyde claim 8 , propionaldehyde claim 8 , or butyraldehyde.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the suitable solvent is a coordinating solvent claim 1 , a non-coordinating solvent claim 1 , or a protic solvent.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the suitable solvent is 1 claim 10 ,2-dichloroethane claim 10 , nitromethane claim 10 , acetic acid claim 10 , or acetonitrile.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting is performed in the presence of an autooxidation initiator.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the autooxidation initiator is CoCl.6HO claim 12 , Cu(OAc).HO claim 12 , or Mn(OAc).4HO.14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of dioxygen is air or dioxygen gas.15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is performed at an atmospheric pressure.16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is performed at a temperature between about 20° C. and about 30° C.17. A method of oxidizing an organic compound claim 1 , the method comprising contacting an organic compound in a suitable solvent with an aryl iodide claim 1 , an aliphatic aldehyde claim 1 , and dioxygen claim 1 , thereby oxidizing the organic compound.18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the aryl iodide is an optionally substituted phenyl iodide.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the suitable solvent is 1 claim 17 ,2-dichloroethane.20. The method of claim 17 , ...

Calmangafodipir, a New Chemical Entity, and Other Mixed Metal Complexes, Methods of Preparation, Compositions, and Methods of Treatment

A mixed metal complex of a compound of Formula I, or a salt thereof, wherein the mixed metals comprise a Group III-XII transition metal and a Group II metal: (Formula I) (I) wherein X, R, R, R, and Rare as defined herein, is produced in a one step crystallization from a solution of the Group III-XII transition metal, the Group II metal, and a compound of Formula I. Methods for treatment of a pathological condition in a patient, for example, a pathological condition caused by the presence of oxygen-derived free radicals, comprises administering the mixed metal complex to the patient. 2. A mixed metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein Ris hydroxy claim 1 , Calkoxy claim 1 , ethylene glycol claim 1 , glycerol claim 1 , amino or Calkylamido; Z is a bond or a group selected from CH claim 1 , (CH) claim 1 , CO claim 1 , CHCO claim 1 , CHCHCO and CHCOCH; Y is a bond; Ris a mono- or poly(hydroxy or alkoxylated) alkyl group or of the formula OP(O)(OR)R; and Ris hydroxy claim 1 , or an unsubstituted alkyl or aminoalkyl group.3. A mixed metal manganese complex according to claim 1 , wherein Ris ethylene and each group Rrepresents —CHCORin which Ris hydroxy.4. A mixed metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula I is N claim 1 ,N′-bis-(pyridoxal-5-phosphate)-ethylenediamine-N claim 1 ,N′-diacetic acid (DPDP) or claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N′-dipyridoxyl ethylenediamine-N claim 1 ,N′-diacetic acid (PLED) claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.5. A mixed metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein the Group III-XII transition metal is Mn claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Fe and/or Ni and the Group II metal is Ca and/or Mg.6. A mixed metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein the Group III-XII transition metal is Mn and the Group II metal is Ca or a mixture of Ca and Mg.7. A mixed metal complex according to claim 6 , wherein the Group II metal is a mixture of Ca and Mg in a Ca/Mg molar ratio of about 0.1-50.8. A mixed metal complex according to claim ...

SURFACE MODIFICATION METHOD FOR FLUORIDE LUMINESCENT MATERIAL AND FLUORIDE LUMINESCENT MATERIAL PREPARED THEREFROM

In a surface modification method for fluoride luminescent materials, an inorganic coating layer AMFcoated substrate AMF:Mn is mixed with an organic solution containing a metal phosphate, an alkoxysilane, an organic carboxylic acid or an organic amine. The solution is evaporated to give the organic-inorganic coating layer coated surface-modified fluoride luminescent material. The phosphor photoluminescence intensity and quantum efficiency of the modified phosphors can be maintained at 85%-95% under high temperature and high humidity conditions. After being coated with the inorganic coating layer, the surface defects of the phosphor are reduced, and the photoluminescence intensity and quantum yield of the phosphor are increased by 5%-15%. After being coated with the organic coating layer, the photoluminescence intensity of the phosphor is reduced <3%. 1. A surface-modified fluoride luminescent material , wherein the luminescent material comprises a substrate , an inorganic coating layer and an organic coating layer , the inorganic coating layer being coated on the outer surface of the substrate , and the organic coating layer being coated on the outer surface of the inorganic coating layer; wherein{'sub': x', 'y', 'x', 'y', 'y, 'sup': 4+', '4+, 'the substrate is AMF:Mn, and the inorganic coating layer is AMF; wherein A is selected from one of alkali metals Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs and a combination thereof; M is selected from one of Ti, Si, Ge, Sn, Zr, Al, Bi, Ga and In, and a combination thereof; x is an absolute value of the charge of [MF] ion; y is 4, 5, 6 or 7; and Mn is a luminescence center ion.'}2. The surface-modified fluoride luminescent material according to claim 1 , wherein x is an absolute value of the charge of [MF] ion claim 1 , and y is 6.3. The surface-modified fluoride luminescent material according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic coating layer can be a single layer or multiple layers claim 1 , and the organic coating layer coated on the outer surface ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING BATTERY ELECTRODE MATERIAL

A method of manufacturing a battery electrode material in slurry form to be coated on a sheet-shaped current collector, the battery electrode material containing an electrode active material made of electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) and containing an aqueous binder. The method includes, as a process of mixing and kneading raw materials of the battery electrode material by using water as a solvent, mixing the electrode active material; mixing the binder; and mixing a neutralizing agent, the neutralizing agent being lithium hydroxide (LiOH). 1. A method of manufacturing a battery electrode material in slurry form to be coated on a sheet-shaped current collector , the battery electrode material containing an electrode active material made of electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) and containing an aqueous binder , the method comprising:as a process of mixing and kneading raw materials of the battery electrode material by using water as a solvent,mixing the electrode active material;mixing the binder; andmixing a neutralizing agent,the neutralizing agent being lithium hydroxide (LiOH).2. The method of manufacturing a battery electrode material according to claim 1 ,wherein the method is executed in order of the mixing the electrode active material, the mixing the neutralizing agent, and the mixing the binder.3. The method of manufacturing a battery electrode material according to claim 1 ,wherein a pH value of the battery electrode material is adjusted to 6.5 or more and 9 or less by the mixing the neutralizing agent.4. The method of manufacturing a battery electrode material according to claim 2 ,wherein a pH value of the battery electrode material is adjusted to 6.5 or more and 9 or less by the mixing the neutralizing agent. This is a continuation application of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2019/002393 filed Jan. 25, 2019, which claims the benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-055148 filed Mar. 22, 2018, the entire contents of each ...

METAL COMPLEXES OF POLY(CARBOXYL)AMINE-CONTAINING LIGANDS HAVING AN AFFINITY FOR CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IX

The present invention b directed to CA IX inhibitors that conform to Formula I where the substituents X, A, B, D, E, E′ and G are as defined above. 2. The ligand of claim 1 , wherein X is —(CH)— and m is 2.3. The ligand of claim 1 , wherein X is —O— and m is 4.4. The ligand of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare each independently substituted or unsubstituted carboxy(C-C)alkylene claim 1 , Ris substituted or unsubstituted carboxy(C-C)alkylene.5. The ligand of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare each independently claim 1 , —CHCOOH claim 1 , and Ris —C(CHCHCOOH).6. The ligand of claim 1 , wherein G and G′ are —(CH(R))—R— claim 1 , and Ris NRR claim 1 , or —COH.7. The ligand of claim 1 , wherein each of Rand Ris —C(CHCHCOOH.8. The ligand of claim 1 , wherein the compound is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase-IX.11. The metal complex of claim 10 , wherein M is Tc claim 10 , Re claim 10 , or Re.13. The metal complex of claim 12 , wherein M is Tc claim 12 , Re claim 12 , or Re.15. The ligand of in which the ICvalue is lower by a factor of at least 10.16. The ligand of in which the ICvalue is lower by a factor of at least 100.17. The ligand of in which the ICvalue is lower by a factor of at least 200.18. The ligand of in which the ICvalue is lower by a factor from 2 to about 200. This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 13/734,534. filed Jan. 4, 2013 which claims the benefit of the priority date of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/584,146, filed Jan. 6, 2012, the complete disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirely.The present technology relates generally to the field of radiopharmaceuticals and their use in nuclear medicine for the treatment of various disease states. It is well known that tumors may express unique proteins associated with their malignant phenotype or may over-express normal constituent proteins as compared to the expression of these proteins in normal cells. The expression of distinct proteins on the surface of tumor ...

Method for preparing organic manganese fertilizer for engineering wound soil remediation and organic manganese fertilizer prepared

A method for preparing an organic manganese fertilizer for engineering wound soil remediation includes a step of: effectively compounding chitin oligosaccharide or/and wormcast or/and silkworm excrement, water or/and hydrogen peroxide, an organic manganese element solution, polysorbate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose under certain conditions. The present invention has significant effects on improving physical and chemical properties of engineering wound soil, enhancing availability of manganese element in the soil, preventing plants from physiological diseases caused by lack of manganese, and promoting growth and development of the plants. 1. A method for preparing an organic manganese fertilizer for engineering wound soil remediation , comprising steps of:(1) adding at least one of chitin oligosaccharide, wormcast and silkworm excrement, with a weight percentage of 35%-65%, into a reaction kettle; then adding at least one of water and hydrogen peroxide, with a weight percentage of 35%-65%, into the reaction kettle for dissolution; stirring at 30-90° C. for 0.3-2 hours, and obtaining a sample 1;(2) adding at least one of mercaptoacetic acid, glutamic acid and citric acid, with a weight percentage of 10%-40%, into the reaction kettle; dissolving by water with a weight percentage of 15%-40%; then adding at least one of hydrogen peroxide, ethyl alcohol and triethanolamine, with a weight percentage of 0.5%-9.5%, into the reaction kettle for dissolution; stirring at 30-90° C. for 0.3-2 hours; adding manganese sulfate with a weight percentage of 30%-70% into the reaction kettle; boiling at 90-130° C. for 0.5-4 hours, and obtaining a sample 2; and(3) compounding the sample 1, the sample 2, polysorbate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose respectively with weight percentages of 5%-35%, 60%-95%, 0-3% and 0-2%, and obtaining a final product.2. An organic manganese fertilizer for engineering wound soil remediation , comprising components of: a sample 1 , a sample 2 , ...

ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, AND USE THEREOF

To provide electrolytic manganese dioxide excellent in cell performance in high rate discharge and middle rate discharge when used as a cathode material for alkaline manganese dry cells, and a method for its production. Electrolytic manganese dioxide, characterized in that the average size of mesopores is at least 6.5 nm and at most 10 nm, and the alkali potential is at least 290 mV and at most 350 mV; a method for its production and its application. 1. An electrolytic manganese dioxide , wherein the average size of mesopores is at least 6.5 nm and at most 10 nm , and the alkali potential is at least 290 mV and at most 350 mV.2. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfate group (SO) content is at most 1.5 wt %.3. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the sodium content is at least 10 wt ppm and at most 5 claim 1 ,000 wt ppm.4. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the structural water content is at least 3.70 wt %.5. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 1 , wherein the area of micropores is at least 46 m/g and at most 60 m/g.6. A method for producing the electrolytic manganese dioxide as defined in claim 1 , which comprises producing manganese dioxide by electrolysis in a sulfuric acid/manganese sulfate mixed electrolyte claim 1 , wherein the sulfuric acid concentration in the electrolyte is continuously increased from low concentration to high concentration while the manganese/sulfuric acid concentration ratio in the electrolyte is kept constant at 0.50 or lower from the initiation of electrolysis to the completion of electrolysis.7. The method for producing the electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 6 , wherein the temperature of the electrolyte at the time of electrolysis is at least 80° C. and at most 98° C.8. A cathode active material for a dry cell claim 1 , characterized by comprising the electrolytic manganese dioxide as defined in .9. A dry ...

CATHODE ACTIVE SEGMENT FOR AN ELETROCHEMICAL CELL

The invention is directed towards a cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell. The cathode active segment includes at least one cathode active material, a cross-sectional width including a first curvilinear surface, a second curvilinear surface, a longitudinal length, and at least one cathode mating surface. The at least one cathode mating surface extends along the longitudinal length of the cathode active segment. 1. A cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell comprising:at least one cathode active material;a cross-sectional width including a first curvilinear surface;a second curvilinear surface;a longitudinal length; andat least one cathode mating surface that extends along the longitudinal length.2. The cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell of further comprising a separator affixed to the at least one cathode mating surface.3. The cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell of claim further comprising a separator affixed to the second curvilinear surface and the at least one cathode mating surface.4. The cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell of wherein the first curvilinear surface is an arc.5. The cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell of wherein the at least one cathode mating surface is planar.6. The cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell of wherein the cathode active material comprises manganese oxide claim 1 , manganese dioxide claim 1 , electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) claim 1 , chemical manganese dioxide (CMD) claim 1 , high power electrolytic manganese dioxide (HP EMD) claim 1 , lambda manganese dioxide claim 1 , gamma manganese dioxide claim 1 , beta manganese dioxide claim 1 , silver oxide claim 1 , nickel oxide claim 1 , nickel oxyhydroxide claim 1 , copper oxide claim 1 , bismuth oxide claim 1 , high-valence nickel compound claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. The cathode active segment for an electrochemical cell of wherein the separator is affixed to the at least one ...

PREPARATION OF CHROMIUM(IV) OXIDE MATERIALS

A novel process for the manufacture of materials containing chromium(IV) oxide from precursor molecules that contain chromium in the formal oxidation state of +4 is described.

RADIOTRACER PRECURSOR BANI FOR IMAGING OF HYPOXIC TISSUE, RADIOTRACER, AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a radiotracer precursor for imaging of hypoxic tissues, a radiotracer and a method for preparing the same. The radiotracer precursor, BANI, includes a nitroimidazole functional group with a feature of retention in hypoxic tissues and a bifunctional ligand able to complex with radioisotopes. Thus BANI can be used to produce radiotracers retained in hypoxic tissues and the radiotracers are applied to medical imaging of malignant tumor with hypoxic layer. 2. The precursor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein compounds having the structural formula are used to prepare radiotracers for imaging of hypoxic tissues.3. A method for preparing a radiotracer precursor comprising the steps of:hydrolyzing methyl-DL-2,3-bis[((triphenylmethyl)-thio)acetamido]propionate to get DL-2,3-Bis-[((triphenylmethyl)thio)acetamido]propionic acid;using 6-aminohexanol and DL-2,3-Bis-[((triphenyl-methyl)thio)acetamido]propionic acid to carry out amidation and get 6-hydroxyhexyl DL-2,3-Bis[((triphenylmethyl)thio)acetamido]propanamide;using P-toluenesulfornyl chloride and 6-hydroxyhexyl DL-2,3-Bis[((triphenylmethyl)thio)acetamido]-propanamide to perform a substitution reaction and produce 6-toluenesulfonylhexyl-DL-2,3-Bis-[((triphenylmethyl)-thio)acetamido]propanamide; andtaking 2-nitroimidazole and 6-toluenesulfonylhexyl-D L-2,3-Bis[((triphenyl-methyl)-thio)acetamido]propanamide to carry out substitution reaction and get 6-(2-nitroimidazole)hexyl-DL-2,3-Bis-[((triphenylmethyl)thio)acetamido]propanamide.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein a method for preparing DL-2 claim 3 ,3-bis[((triphenylmethyl)-thio)-acetamido]propionate includes the steps of:using a triphenylmethyl group to protect a thiol group of thioglycolic acid methyl ester and get triphenylmethyl thioglycolic acid methyl ester;hydrolyzing triphenylmethyl thioglycolic acid methyl ester to produce triphenylmethyl thioglycolic acid;performing esterification of DL-2,3-diaminopropionic acid in methanol ...

TRICARBONYL COMPLEXES OF TRANSITION METALS WITH BENZO-HETEROCYCLIC DERIVATIVES OF THE CYCLOPENTADIENYL ANION

Complex compounds of transition metals according to formula (1) wherein the M(CO) tricarbonyl-metal core forms a complex with the cyclopentadienyl anion linked to heterocyclic moieties of the benzothiazole, benzimidazole and benzoxazole families. The compounds exhibit high blood-brain barrier permeability and can be used in the diagnosis and/or treatment of diseases of the Central Nervous System. 118.-. (canceled)20. A compound according to or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof claim 19 , wherein R claim 19 , Rare the same.21. A compound according to or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof claim 19 , wherein the alkyl- claim 19 , haloalkyl- claim 19 , aminoalkyl- claim 19 , alkylamino- claim 19 , alkyloxy- claim 19 , has 1 to 6 carbon atoms.22. A compound according to or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof claim 19 , wherein Rand/or Ris hydrogen.23. A compound according to or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof claim 19 , wherein M is Tc claim 19 , A is C—H claim 19 , B is C—H claim 19 , C is C—H claim 19 , D is C—H claim 19 , Ris H claim 19 , Ris H claim 19 , X is S claim 19 , O claim 19 , N and when X is N claim 19 , Ris H or CH.24. A compound according to or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof claim 23 , wherein Tc is Tc.26. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use according to claim 25 , wherein M is Re or Tc.27. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use according to claim 26 , wherein M is Tc.28. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use according to claim 25 , wherein M is Re or Tc claim 25 , A is C—H claim 25 , B is C—H claim 25 , C is C—H claim 25 , D is C—H claim 25 , Ris H claim 25 , Ris H claim 25 , X is S claim 25 , O claim 25 , N and when X is N claim 25 , Ris H or CH.29. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use according to claim 31 , wherein Tc is Tc.30. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use ...

Process For The Manufacture Of Lithium Metal Oxide Cathode Materials

An improved process is provided for forming a precursor to a lithium metal oxide. An improved lithium metal oxide formed by calcining the precursor is also provided. The process includes providing lithium bicarbonate in a first aqueous mixture. The lithium bicarbonate is then reacted with metal acetate thereby forming a second aqueous mixture comprising metal carbonate, lithium acetate, acetic acid and water wherein the acetic acid is neutralized with lithium hydroxide thereby forming a first mixture comprising metal carbonate and lithium acetate. The first mixture is separated into a second mixture and a third mixture wherein the second mixture comprises the metal carbonate and a first portion of lithium acetate with metal carbonate and lithium acetate being in a predetermined molar ratio. The third mixture comprises a second portion of lithium acetate. The second mixture is dried thereby forming the precursor comprising metal carbonate and lithium acetate in the predetermined molar ratio. 1. A process for forming a precursor to a lithium metal oxide comprising:providing lithium bicarbonate in a first aqueous mixture;reacting said lithium bicarbonate with metal acetate thereby forming a second aqueous mixture comprising metal carbonate, lithium acetate, acetic acid and water;neutralizing said acetic acid in said second aqueous mixture with lithium hydroxide thereby forming a third mixture comprising metal carbonate and lithium acetate;separating said third mixture into a fourth mixture and a fifth mixture wherein said fourth mixture comprises said metal carbonate and a first portion of said lithium acetate with said metal carbonate and said lithium acetate being in a predetermined molar ratio, and said fifth mixture comprises a second portion of said lithium acetate; anddrying said fourth mixture thereby forming said precursor comprising metal carbonate and lithium acetate in said predetermined molar ratio.2. The process for forming a precursor to a lithium metal ...

PURIFIED POTASSIUM HEXAFLUOROMANGANATE AND METHODS FOR PURIFYING POTASSIUM HEXAFLUOROMANGANATE

A potassium hexafluoromanganate (K2MnF6) composition includes no more than six parts per million of each of one or more Group 13 elements, no more than 520 parts per million of one or more alkaline earth metals, no more than fourteen parts per million of one or more transition metals, and/or no more than forty parts per million of calcium. A method for providing this composition, as well as lighting apparatuses, backlight units, and electronic devices including phosphors formed from the composition also are provided. 1. A potassium hexafluoromanganate (KMnF) composition comprising one or more of:no more than six parts per million of each of one or more Group 13 elements,no more than 520 parts per million of one or more alkaline earth metals,no more than fourteen parts per million of one or more transition metals, orno more than forty parts per million of calcium.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more Group 13 elements is aluminum.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more transition metals is one or more of iron claim 1 , copper claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , or titanium.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more transition metals is iron.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more transition metals is platinum.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more transition metals is copper and the potassium hexafluoromanganate includes no more than four parts per million of the copper.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more transition metals is chromium and the potassium hexafluoromanganate includes no more than ten parts per million of the chromium.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more transition metals is nickel and the potassium hexafluoromanganate includes no more than ten parts per million of the nickel.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more transition metals is ...

MANGANESE OXIDE NANOPARTICLES, METHODS AND APPLICATIONS

Manganese oxide nanoparticles having a chemical composition that includes MnO, a sponge like morphology and a particle size from about 65 to about 95 nanometers may be formed by calcining a manganese hydroxide material at a temperature from about 200 to about 400 degrees centigrade for a time period from about 1 to about 20 hours in an oxygen containing environment. The particular manganese oxide nanoparticles with the foregoing physical features may be used within a battery component, and in particular an anode within a lithium battery to provide enhanced performance. 1. A nanoparticle comprising a manganese oxide material and having a particle size from about 65 to about 95 nanometers.2. The nanoparticle of wherein the manganese oxide material has a chemical composition selected from the group consisting of MnO claim 1 , LiMnO(x≧0) claim 1 , MnO·MnO and non-stoichiometric chemical compositions.3. The nanoparticle of wherein the manganese oxide material has a sponge like morphology when imaged using scanning electron microscopy at a magnification of 2000.4. A battery component comprising a nanoparticle comprising a manganese oxide material having a particle size from about 65 to about 95 nanometers.5. The battery component of wherein the manganese oxide material has a chemical composition selected from the group consisting of MnO claim 4 , LiMnO(x≧0) claim 4 , MnO·MnO claim 4 , and non-stoichiometric compositions.6. The battery component of wherein the manganese oxide material has a sponge like morphology when imaged using scanning electron microscopy at a magnification of 2000.7. The battery component of wherein the battery component comprises an electrode.8. The battery component of wherein the battery component does not include a reduced graphene oxide material.9. A battery comprising a battery component comprising a nanoparticle comprising a manganese oxide material having a particle size from about 65 to about 95 nanometers.10. The battery of wherein the ...

MINIATURE BATTERY WITH CONSTANT ELECTRODE PRESSURE AND ELECTROLYTE RESERVOIR

An electrochemical voltage source has an anode containing lithium, a cathode containing manganese oxide, and a housing. The cathode and the anode are arranged in an interior of the housing and are arranged opposite one another. An electrolyte reservoir in the form of a compressible storage body, which receives an electrolyte, is arranged between the anode and the cathode. The storage body has a first side resting against an end face of the cathode and a second side, which faces away from the first side, and rests against an end face of the anode. The cathode experiences an increase in volume when the voltage source is discharged. The anode experiences a decrease in volume during the discharge. During the discharge, the absolute value of the volume increase of the cathode is at least as great as the absolute value of the volume decrease of the anode. 1. An electrochemical voltage source , comprising:an anode containing lithium and having an end face;a cathode containing manganese oxide and having an end face, said end face of said anode facing towards said end face of said cathode;a housing, said cathode and said anode disposed in an interior of said housing, surrounded by said housing and disposed opposite one another;an electrolyte;an electrolyte reservoir in a form of a compressible storage body and receiving said electrolyte at least in part in said compressible storage body, said compressible storage body disposed between said anode and said cathode, said compressible storage body having a first side resting against said end face of said cathode and a second side, which faces away from said first side, and resting against said end face of said anode, said compressible storage body having an electrically insulating material;said cathode configured to experience an increase in volume when the electrochemical voltage source is discharged; andsaid anode configured to experience a decrease in volume during the discharge, wherein, at any time during the discharge, an ...

MANGANESE DIOXIDE-BASED COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF

A composite material includes electro-deposited manganese dioxide particles of up to 110 micron in size and in a form of γ-modification of manganese dioxide; and single-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 1 to 2 nm and a length of 1 to 5 μm, wherein a content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.0001 to 0.1 wt % of the composite material. Optionally, the particles have an average size of about 40-60 microns. Optionally, the carbon nanotubes form a coating on a surface of the particles and extend inward from the surface. Optionally, the single-wall carbon nanotubes form a three-dimensional conductive network in the material. 1. A composite material comprising:electro-deposited manganese dioxide particles of up to 110 micron in size and in a form of γ-modification of manganese dioxide; andsingle-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 1 to 2 nm and a length of 1 to 5 μm, wherein a content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.0001 to 0.1 wt % of the composite material.2. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average size of about 40-60 microns.3. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes form a coating on a surface of the particles and extend inward from the surface.4. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the single-wall carbon nanotubes form a three-dimensional conductive network in the material.5. A composite material comprising:electro-deposited manganese dioxide particles of up to 110 micron in size and in a form of γ-modification of manganese dioxide;a coating of carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 1 to 2 nm and a length of 1 to 5 μm; anda three-dimensional structure of carbon nanotubes penetrating into the particles,wherein a content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.0001 to 0.1 wt % of the composite material.6. The composite material of claim 5 , wherein the particles have an average size of about 40-60 microns.7. The composite material of claim 5 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are single walled.8. The composite ...

MANGANESE CHELATE COMPOUNDS

The invention provides compounds suitable for use as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The compounds of the present invention are manganese (II) complexes having advantageous properties as compared with similar known compounds. 2. The compound as defined in wherein X is O claim 1 , Y is Q-Rwherein Q is N and Z is Q-R-(L-R) wherein Q is N.3. The compound as defined in wherein X is S claim 1 , Y is Q-Rwherein Q is N and Z is Q-R-(L-Rwherein Q is N.4. The compound as defined in wherein X is O claim 1 , either Y is O or Z is O-L-Rand when Y is not O it is Q-Rwherein Q is N and when Z is not O-L-Rit is Q-R-(L-R) wherein Q is N.5. The compound as defined in wherein X is S claim 1 , either Y is O or Z is O-L-Rand when Y is not O it is Q-Rwherein Q is N and when Z is not O it is Q-R-(L-R) wherein Q is N.6. The compound as defined in wherein X is O claim 1 , Y is Q-Rwherein Q is N and Z is Q-R-(L-R) wherein Q is CH.7. The compound as defined in wherein X is O claim 1 , either Y is O or Z is O-L-Rand when Y is not O it is Q-Rwherein Q is CH and when Z is not O it is Q-R-(L-R) wherein Q is CH.8. The compound as defined in wherein each -L-Ris Chydroxyalkyl.910-. (canceled)1217-. (canceled)18. The compound as defined in wherein each Ris the same.19. The compound as defined in wherein each Ris independently selected Calkyl or hydrogen.20. The compound as defined in wherein each Ris Calkyl.21. (canceled)22. The compound as defined in wherein each Ris hydrogen.23. The compound as defined in wherein each Ris the same.24. The compound as defined in wherein each n is an integer from 1-6.25. (canceled)26. The compound as defined in wherein m is 3.27. The compound as defined in wherein Ris Calkyl.28. (canceled)29. The compound as defined in wherein Ris —(CH)—Y—C(═X)—Z wherein X claim 1 , Y claim 1 , Z and m are as defined in any one of -.30. The compound as defined in wherein Rrepresents 0 substituents.31. The compound as defined in wherein Rrepresents 2 hydroxy ...

HEXAFLUOROMANGANATE (IV), COMPLEX FLUORIDE PHOSPHOR, AND METHODS RESPECTIVELY FOR PRODUCING SAID PRODUCTS

The present invention relates to a method for producing a hexafluoromanganate(IV), said method being characterized by comprising: inserting an anode and a cathode into a reaction solution that contains a compound containing manganese having an atomic valence of less than 4 and/or manganese having an atomic valence of more than 4 and hydrogen fluoride; and then applying an electric current having an electric current density of 100 to 1000 A/mbetween the anode and the cathode. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to produce a hexafluoromanganate(IV) in which the content ratio of manganese having an atomic valence of 4 is high and the contamination with oxygen is reduced and which has high purity. When a complex fluoride red phosphor is produced using the hexafluoromanganate(IV) as a raw material, the phosphor produced has high luminescence properties, particularly high internal quantum efficiency. 1. A method for producing hexafluoromanganate(IV) , comprising the steps of:inserting an anode and a cathode into a reaction liquid that includes a compound containing manganese having a valence of less than 4 and/or more than 4 and hydrogen fluoride; and{'sup': '2', 'passing an electrical current between the anode and cathode at a current density of from 100 to 1,000 A/m.'}2. The production method of claim 1 , wherein a reactor in which the reaction liquid is placed is partitioned with a diaphragm into a first chamber for use as an anode chamber in which the anode is inserted and a second chamber for use as a cathode chamber in which the cathode is inserted claim 1 , and current is passed between the anode and cathode.3. The production method of claim 2 , wherein a reaction liquid that includes a compound containing manganese having a valence of less than 4 and hydrogen fluoride is placed in the anode chamber claim 2 , and a solution that includes hydrogen fluoride and does not include manganese is placed in the cathode chamber.4. The production method of ...

AGENT FOR ADSORPTION OF RUTHENIUM FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION AND METHOD FOR ADSORPTION OF RUTHENIUM FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION

An adsorbent is provided to adsorb ruthenium from aqueous solution for recovery and/or reuse or removal of said ruthenium, and a method for purifying, for example, sea water and/or water containing sodium ions, magnesium ions, calcium ions, chlorine ions or other ions, polluted with a radioactive element, using said adsorbent. 1. A ruthenium adsorbent for adsorbing ruthenium from an aqueous solution thereof , said ruthenium adsorbent comprising manganese oxides as a primary component , provided that manganese oxides consisting of ε-MnOand/or γ-MnOare excluded from the manganese oxides.2. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution comprises ruthenium in the form of a ruthenium cation claim 1 , and/or a ruthenium complex ion and/or a ruthenate ion.3. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxides have an amorphous structure and/or a layered structure and/or a tunnel structure.4. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 3 , wherein claim 3 , in the case that the manganese oxides have a tunnel structure claim 3 , the adsorbent comprises oxides of manganese having at least two linked MnOoctahedrons forming each horizontal and vertical side of the tunnel structure.5. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxides have an amorphous structure and/or α-MnOand/or δ-MnO.6. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxides have an amorphous structure and/or α-MnO claim 1 , and the aqueous solution comprises ruthenium in the form of a ruthenium cation.7. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein a content of manganese calculated as manganese dioxide is 50 parts by weight or more claim 1 , based on 100 parts by weight of the adsorbent.8. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one additional transition metal element other than manganese.9. The ruthenium adsorbent according to claim 8 , wherein the at least one ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF MANGANESE DIOXIDE-BASED COMPOSITE MATERIAL

A composite material includes electro-deposited manganese dioxide particles of up to 110 micron in size and in a form of γ-modification of manganese dioxide; and single-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 1 to 2 nm and a length of 1 to 5 μm, wherein a content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.0001 to 0.1 wt % of the composite material. Optionally, the particles have an average size of about 40-60 microns. Optionally, the carbon nanotubes form a coating on a surface of the particles and extend inward from the surface. Optionally, the single-wall carbon nanotubes form a three-dimensional conductive network in the material. 1. A method for producing a composite material , the method comprising:immersing anode and cathode in a tank filled with an electrolyte,{'sub': ['4', '2', '4'], '#text': 'wherein a mixture of aqueous solutions 0.1-1.5 M MnSOand 0.05-0.5 M HSO, as well as a suspension of single-wall carbon nanotubes, is used as the electrolyte;'}{'sup': '2', 'claim-text': [{'br': None, 'sup': ['2+', '+'], 'sub': ['2', '2'], 'o': {'@ostyle': 'single', 'i': 'e'}, '#text': 'Anode(Ti):Mn+2HO→MnO+4H+2'}, {'br': None, 'sup': 'H+', 'o': {'@ostyle': 'single', 'i': 'e'}, 'sub': '2', '#text': 'Cathode(Cu):2+2→H'}], '#text': 'applying voltage to the anode and the cathode at a current density on the anode in a range of 10 to 100 A/mso to as to produce a reaction'}depositing a γ-modification of manganese dioxide on the anode;evolving gaseous hydrogen on a cathode;capturing the carbon nanotubes in the electrolyte during manganese dioxide electrodeposition and delivered the carbon nanotubes to the anode so as to embed them in the manganese dioxide;removing the composite material from the anode;milling and sieving the composite material; andneutralizing the composite material.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is 1.3 M +/− 10% MnSOand 0.3 M +/− 10% HSO.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a solution of manganese sulphate is added to the electrolyte at a constant feed ...

SULFIDE OXIDATION PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF MOLYBDENUM OXIDES FROM MOLYBDENITE

A looping method for production of MoO, the method including reacting molybdenite feed with a substantially stoichiometric mixture comprising MoOand oxygen in a first furnace to produce MoOand SO, removing a first portion of the MoOfrom the first furnace, transferring a second portion of the MoOfrom the first furnace to a second furnace, reoxidizing of the transferred portion of the MoOin the second furnace to MoO; and looping the MoOfrom the second furnace to the first furnace for use as an oxidizing agent. 1. A pyrometallurgical method for production of molybdenum(IV) oxide , the method comprising:(a) contacting a molybdenite feed with oxygen in a furnace comprising a high temperature zone, wherein an amount of the oxygen is substantially stoichiometric; and(b) reacting the molybdenite feed with the oxygen to produce molybdenum(IV) oxide and sulfur(IV) oxide,wherein complete desulfurization of the molybdenite feed is accomplished in the high temperature zone at a temperature of about 1,000 to about 1,500° C. with a residence time of about 0.1 to about 40 seconds.2. The method for production of molybdenum(IV) oxide of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen comprises pure oxygen claim 1 , air claim 1 , or oxygen-enriched air.3. The method for production of molybdenum(IV) oxide of claim 1 , wherein the amount of oxygen is about 90% to about 110% based of the stoichiometric amount based on a 3:1 moles Oto moles MoSstoichiometry.4. The method for production of molybdenum(IV) oxide of claim 1 , wherein the reacting is carried out at a temperature of about 1 claim 1 ,000° C. to about 1 claim 1 ,300° C.5. The method for production of molybdenum(IV) oxide of claim 1 , wherein the furnace is a flash furnace claim 1 , a shaft furnace claim 1 , a multiple hearth furnace claim 1 , a rotary kiln claim 1 , or a fluid bed furnace.6. The method for production of molybdenum(IV) oxide of claim 1 , further comprising removing a sulfur(IV) oxide off gas produced in the oxidation.7. The method ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY MANGANESE SULFATE MONOHYDRATE AND HIGH-PURITY MANGANESE SULFATE MONOHYDRATE PRODUCED BY THE METHOD

A method for producing high-purity manganese sulfate monohydrate from a low-grade composition includes acquiring a primary leached manganese solution by adding sulfuric acid and a reductant to a low-grade manganese-containing composition and leaching manganese therefrom; acquiring a secondary leached manganese solution from which primary impurities have been eliminated by adding calcium hydroxide to the primary leached manganese solution; acquiring a tertiary leached manganese solution from which secondary impurities have been eliminated by adding sulfides to the secondary leached manganese solution; acquiring manganese oxide from precipitating manganese by using sodium hydroxide in the tertiary leached manganese solution so as to control the pH thereof; adding sulfuric acid to the manganese oxide and redissolving; and drying the redissolved manganese oxide and acquiring high-purity manganese sulfate monohydrate. Thus the present invention allows production of high-purity manganese sulfate monohydrate from a low-grade manganese-containing composition, for use as material for a secondary battery. 1. A method for producing high-purity manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO.HO) , comprising:{'sub': 2', '4, 'leaching manganese from a low-purity manganese-containing substance with sulfuric acid (HSO) and a reductant to give a first manganese leachate;'}{'sub': '2', 'obtaining a second manganese leachate by removing a first impurity from the first manganese leachate with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH));'}obtaining a third manganese leachate by removing a second impurity from the second manganese leachate with a sulfide;precipitating manganese as a manganese oxide by adjusting pH of the third manganese leachate with sodium hydroxide (NaOH);re-dissolving the manganese oxide with sulfuric acid;{'sub': 4', '2, 'drying the re-dissolved manganese oxide to afford high-purity manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO.HO).'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein sulfuric acid is added in an amount ...

BIOMEDICAL DEVICE BATTERIES WITH ELECTRODEPOSITED CATHODES

Designs, strategies and methods for forming biocompatible batteries with plated cathode chemistries are described. In some examples, an electrolytic manganese dioxide layer may be plated upon a cathode collector before assembly into a micro-battery. In some examples, the biocompatible battery with electrodeposited cathode may be used in a biomedical device. In some further examples, the biocompatible battery with electrodeposited cathode may be used in a contact lens. 1. A biomedical device comprising:an electroactive component; an anode current collector;', 'a cathode current collector;', 'an anode;', 'a cathode, wherein the cathode comprises electrodeposited cathode chemistry; and, 'a battery comprisinga first biocompatible encapsulating layer, wherein the first biocompatible encapsulating layer encapsulates at least the electroactive component and the battery.2. The biomedical device of wherein the cathode comprises a carbon cloth unto which the cathode chemicals have been electrodeposited.3. The biomedical device of wherein the cathode comprises electrolytic manganese dioxide.4. The biomedical device of wherein the cathode current collector comprises titanium claim 3 , wherein the electrolytic manganese dioxide is plated upon a first surface of the titanium.5. The biomedical device of wherein the electrolytic manganese dioxide is plated upon a second surface of the titanium.6. The biomedical device of wherein the anode comprise zinc.7. The biomedical device of wherein the anode chemicals comprise electrodeposited zinc.8. The biomedical device of further comprising an electrolyte claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises NHCl claim 1 , ZnCl claim 1 , and HO.9. The biomedical device of wherein a plating bath used to electrodeposit cathode chemistry onto the cathode comprises MnSOand HSO.10. The biomedical device of wherein the thickness of a film of cathode chemistry deposited upon the cathode is approximately 10 microns in depth.11. The biomedical device of ...

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

The invention relates to a rechargeable battery includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a separator, and electrolyte. The first electrode includes a first supercapacitor electrode, a first battery electrode, a first current collector, and a first connector. The first battery electrode is sandwiched between the first supercapacitor electrode and the first current collector. The first supercapacitor electrode and the first current collector are electrically connected via the first connector. 1. A rechargeable battery , comprising: a first electrode , a second electrode , a separator , and electrolyte , wherein the first electrode , the second electrode , and the separator are planar structures , and the separator is sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode;the first electrode comprising a first supercapacitor electrode, a first battery electrode, a first current collector, and a first connector, wherein the first supercapacitor electrode, the first battery electrode, and the first current collector are planar structures, the first battery electrode is sandwiched between the first supercapacitor electrode and the first current collector, the first supercapacitor electrode is adjacent to the separator, and the first supercapacitor electrode and the first current collector are electrically connected via the first connector; andthe second electrode comprising a second supercapacitor electrode, and a second battery electrode, wherein the second supercapacitor electrode and the first battery electrode are planar structures, and the second supercapacitor electrode is adjacent to the separator.2. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first connector is aluminum tab claim 1 , the aluminum tab comprises a first point and a second point opposite to the first point claim 1 , the first point of the aluminum tab is contacted with the first supercapacitor electrode claim 1 , and the second point of the aluminum tab is contacted ...

PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF MESOPOROUS METAL OXIDES

A process for preparing a crystalline mesoporous metal oxide, i.e., crystalline mesoporous transition metal oxide, crystalline mesoporous Lanthanide metal oxide, a crystalline mesoporous post-transition metal oxide and crystalline mesoporous metalloid oxide. The process comprises providing an acidic mixture comprising an amorphous mesoporous metal oxide; and heating the acidic mixture at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to form the crystalline mesoporous metal oxide. A crystalline mesoporous metal oxide prepared by the above process. A method of controlling nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in crystalline mesoporous metal oxides. The method comprises providing an acidic mixture comprising an amorphous mesoporous metal oxide; and heating the acidic mixture at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to control nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in the mesoporous metal oxides. Crystalline mesoporous metal oxides and a method of tuning structural properties of mesoporous metal oxides. 1. A process for preparing a crystalline mesoporous metal oxide , said process comprising:providing an acidic mixture comprising an amorphous mesoporous metal oxide; andheating the acidic mixture at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to form the crystalline mesoporous metal oxide.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acidic mixture is heated at a temperature less than about 80° C. for a period less than about 2 hours.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acidic mixture comprises an aqueous acidic solution less than or equal to 0.5 M H or less than or equal to 0.5 M K.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acidic mixture is heated at a temperature less than about 70° C. for a period less than about 1.5 hours.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acidic mixture comprises an aqueous acidic solution less than or equal to 0.4 M H or less than or equal to 0.4 M K.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous mesoporous ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY TRIMANGANESE TETRAOXIDE AND HIGH-PURITY TRIMANGANESE TETRAOXIDE PRODUCED BY THE METHOD

A method for producing high-purity trimanganese tetraoxide from dust containing manganese includes adding sulfuric acid (HSO) and a reductant to manganese dust and leaching manganese therefrom; eliminating primary impurities by adding calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH))) to the leached manganese solution acquired from the leaching step; eliminating secondary impurities by adding sulfides to the leached manganese solution from which primary impurities have been eliminated; precipitating manganese by using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) so as to control the pH in the leached manganese solution from which secondary impurities have been eliminated, and cleaning and drying the precipitated specimen; and acquiring high-purity trimanganese tetraoxide by injecting the dried specimen with air and heat-treating same under oxidizing conditions. Thus the present invention allows high-purity trimanganese tetraoxide to be produced from dust containing manganese, for use as material for a secondary battery. 1. A method for producing high-purity trimanganese tetraoxide (Mn3O4) , comprising:{'sub': 2', '4, 'leaching manganese from manganese-containing dust with sulfuric acid (HSO) and a reductant to give a manganese leachate;'}{'sub': '2', 'removing a first impurity from the manganese leachate with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH));'}removing a second impurity from the first impurity-depleted manganese leachate with a sulfide;precipitating manganese by adjusting pH of the manganese leachate free of both first and second impurities with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) then washing and drying the precipitate; andthermally treating the dried precipitate with air in an oxidative condition.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein sulfur is added in an amount 0.5 to 3 times a mole content of manganese in the manganese-containing dust in the manganese leaching step.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reductant of the manganese leaching step includes an oxalate (CO4)-containing reagent or sulfurous acid (SO) gas claim 2 , ...

Method for Increasing Recycled Manganese Content

Methods of recycling batteries are provided, in which reaction conditions and elements are designed to maximize manganese recovery while minimizing zinc and potassium impurities in the recovered manganese. Methods of treating waste solution created by washing the manganese, so as to remove zinc from the waste solution, are also provided. Batteries prepared via such methods are also provided. 1. A battery produced using a process for removing potassium from an aqueous solution , said process comprising:a) reacting potassium sulfate with ferric sulfate so as to form potassium jarosite, wherein the iron:potassium ratio is no greater than about 20:1.2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the iron:potassium ratio is no greater than about 15:1.3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the reaction occurs at a pH of about 1.8 to about 2.0.4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution is a sulfuric acid solution.5. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the iron:potassium ratio is about 11.5:1.6. A battery produced using a process for reducing the amount of fresh water required to recycle a plurality of batches of recovered battery material claim 1 , said process comprising the steps of:a) contacting manganese oxide solids comprising zinc and impurities with an acidic solution, so as to produce a waste solution comprising impurities;b) raising the pH of the waste solution to at least 9.0 so as to cause a portion of the impurities to precipitate;c) removing precipitated impurities; andd) after removing the precipitated impurities, using the waste solution to wash additional recovered battery material;wherein the impurities comprise zinc or potassium impurities.7. The battery of claim 6 , wherein in step b) the pH is raised to at least 10.0.8. The battery of claim 6 , wherein in step b) the pH is raised by adding NaOH.9. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the process further comprises reducing the pH of the waste solution prior to step d).10. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the ...

ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE AND METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION, AND ITS APPLICATION

To provide electrolytic manganese dioxide excellent in packing property and high-rate discharge characteristics when used as a cathode material for alkaline dry cells. Electrolytic manganese dioxide in which the half-value width of the (110) plane in XRD measurement using CuKα line as the radiation source is at least 1.8° and less than 2.2°, the peak intensity ratio of X-ray diffraction peaks (110)/(021) is at least 0.70 and at most 1.00, and the JIS-pH (JIS K1467) is at least 1.5 and less than 5.0; a method for producing the electrolytic manganese dioxide; and its application. 110-. (canceled)11. Electrolytic manganese dioxide , characterized in that the half width of the (110) plane in XRD measurement using CuKα line as the light source is at least 1.8° and less than 2.2° , the peak intensity ratio of X-ray diffraction peaks (110)/(021) is at least 0.70 and at most 1.00 , and further , the JIS-pH (JIS K1467) is at least 1.5 and less than 5.0.12. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 11 , characterized in that the half width of the (110) plane in XRD measurement using CuKα line as the light source is at least 2.0° and at most 2.1°.13. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 11 , characterized in that the peak intensity ratio of X-ray diffraction peaks (110)/(021) is at least 0.80 and at most 0.90.14. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 11 , characterized in that the BET specific surface area is at least 10 m/g and at most 40 m/g.15. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 11 , characterized in that the alkali potential is at least 270 mV and less than 310 mV.16. The electrolytic manganese dioxide according to claim 11 , characterized in that in the volume frequency distribution claim 11 , with respect to the most frequent particle size (A) and the particle size width (B) at a ½ height of the most frequent particle size (A) claim 11 , the value of (B)/(A) is larger than 1.0 and at most 2.0.17. A method ...

Rhenium Complexes and Methods of Use

Halide ligand free rhenium complexes are described as well as methods for depositing rhenium-containing films. Some embodiments provide a rhenium complex with a general formula of OReO-M-R1R2R3, where M is a group IV element, R1 is selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, an aromatic ring, or alkoxy, and R2 and R3 are each independently selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, an aromatic ring, or alkoxy, or R2 and R3 join together to form a ring structure or an oxo group. Some embodiments provide a rhenium complex with a general formula of Re(NR′)(NHR″), where R′ and R″ are independently selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or an aromatic ring. 1. A rhenium complex having a general formula of OReO-M-R1R2R3 , wherein:M is a group IV element;R1 is selected from H, alkyl, aryl, and alkoxy; andR2 and R3 are each independently selected from H, alkyl, aryl, and alkoxy, or R2 and R3 join together to form a ring structure, or R2 and R3 combine to be an oxo group, provided that:{'sub': '3', 'when M is C, R1, R2 and R3 are not each H or —CH;'}{'sub': 3', '2', '5, 'when M is Si, R1, R2 and R3 are not each —CHor —CH;'}{'sub': 3', '2', '5', '6', '5, 'when M is Ge, R1, R2 and R3 are not each —CH, —CH, or —CH; and'}{'sub': 3', '2', '5', '6', '5, 'when M is Sn, R1, R2 and R3 are not each —CH, —CH, or —CH.'}2. The rhenium complex of claim 1 , wherein the group IV element is carbon.3. The rhenium complex of claim 1 , wherein the group IV element is silicon.4. The rhenium complex of claim 1 , wherein the group IV element is germanium.5. The rhenium complex of claim 1 , wherein the group IV element is tin.6. The rhenium complex of claim 1 , wherein one or more of R1 claim 1 , R2 or R3 contain a heteroatom.7. The rhenium complex of claim 1 , wherein R1 claim 1 , R2 and R3 are each independently selected from H claim 1 , alkyl claim 1 , alkenyl claim 1 , alynyl claim 1 , an aromatic ring claim 1 , or alkoxy.8. The rhenium complex of claim 1 , wherein R2 and R3 join together to ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ROASTING OF MANGANESE ORE

A system and method configured for reducing MnOto MnO. The system and method provide post-combustion gases having at least 5% by volume CO to a pile of MnOore. The post-combustion gases permeate throughout and envelope the pile of MnOore thereby substantially precluding entry of atmospheric gas during the reduction of MnOto MnO. As a result, the need to manipulate the pile of MnOore is substantially reduced or eliminated. 1. A system comprising:a fuel/air distributor in fluid communication with a fuel/air delivery system, said fuel/air distributor having an upper surface, an outer perimeter and a central region encompassed by said outer perimeter;combustion ports providing fluid communication from an interior of said fuel/air distributor through said upper surface to the exterior of said fuel/air distributor, wherein the number of combustion ports per square foot is greater in said outer perimeter than within said central region;an ore pile carried by said fuel/air distributor;a slag layer positioned between said upper surface and said ore pile.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an insulation layer wherein said insulation layer is supported by said upper surface and said slag layer is positioned between said insulation layer and said ore pile.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said combustion ports within said outer perimeter direct gases exiting from said ports at an angle between about 30° and about 150° when measured with respect to the central region of the upper surface.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said combustion ports within said central region direct gases exiting from said ports at an angle between about 80° and about 100° when measured with respect to the upper surface.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the diameter of said combustion ports may range from about 0.0625 inch to about 0.75 inch.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein said combustion ports in said outer perimeter are configured to direct exiting gases at an of about 30° to about ...

WRAPPING PEROVSKITE GRAINS WITH SILICA SHELLS FOR IMPROVED STABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF PEROVSKITE ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Systems and methods for enhancing the stability and efficiency of perovskite materials, and devices incorporating such perovskite materials. A method of making a perovskite layer includes mixing a perovskite solution with a silica shell precursor solution to produce a perovskite-silica precursor solution, and spin casting or drop casting the perovskite-silica precursor solution on a substrate to form a perovskite material or material layer, wherein the perovskite material or material layer includes a plurality of groups of one or more perovskite grains, each of said plurality of groups wrapped in a silica shell. The silica shell precursor solution may have a chemical structure of R—Si—(OR), where “R” is an alkyl, aryl, or organofunctional group, and “OR” is a methoxy, ethoxy, or acetoxy group. 1. A method of forming a perovskite layer , the method comprising:mixing a perovskite solution with a silica shell precursor solution to produce a perovskite-silica precursor solution; andspin casting or drop casting the perovskite-silica precursor solution on a substrate to form a perovskite layer, wherein the perovskite layer includes a plurality of groups of one or more perovskite grains, each of said plurality of groups wrapped in a silica shell.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silica shell precursor solution has a chemical structure of Rn-Si—(OR)-n claim 1 , where “R” is an alkyl claim 1 , aryl claim 1 , or organofunctional group claim 1 , and “OR” is a methoxy claim 1 , ethoxy claim 1 , or acetoxy group.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silica shell precursor is selected from the group consisting of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) claim 1 , tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) claim 1 , Tetrapropyl orthosilicate claim 1 , organoalkoxysilanes claim 1 , 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylmethacrylate (TMSPMA) claim 1 , 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GLYMO) claim 1 , methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) claim 1 , (3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane claim 1 , (3-Mercaptopropy) ...

Oxidative Attack and Elimination of Bisphenol A by Manganese Dioxide

Bisphenol A (BPA) has been the subject of public and regulatory attention, primarily because of concerns about its endocrine activity. BPA typically is used as an intermediate in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy and other specialty resins. A process by which Bisphenol A can be oxidatively attacked and removed by manganese dioxide is discovered. Specifically, it relates to the process by which individuals could use manganese dioxide coated cooking utensils to remove the organic compound Bisphenol A (BPA) from canned foods and bottled beverages including, but not limited to, soft drinks, Cola-type beverages, juices and bottled drinking water. 1. Manganese dioxide may be used to oxidatively attack and remove the organic compound Bisphenol A (BPA) from canned foods and bottled beverages including, but not limited to, bottled drinking water. Provisional patent application pending U.S. 61/764,158Not Applicable—This research is not sponsored or paid for by any Federal agency.Not Applicable1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to the removal of the organic compound Bisphenol A (BPA, 4,4′-isopropylidine diphenol, CAS Registry No. 80-05-7) from consumables with special emphasis on BPA removal from canned foods and bottled beverages including bottled water. BPA is commonly found as a contaminant in canned foods eluting from can liners and in foods and beverages packed out in hard clear polycarbonate plastic containers. BPA is used as an intermediate in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy and other specialty resins. Problems arise when BPA leaches into foods and beverages and are ingested by consumers. Other major applications for polycarbonate plastics containing BPA include glazing and sheeting, electrical and electronic goods, electronic storage media, and household goods such as bottles, utensils, and containers. Epoxy resins are used to provide protective coatings for architectural structures, marine and car materials, ...

Radioactive and/or Magnetic Metal Nanoparticles and Process and Apparatus for Synthesizing Same

A process for manufacturing magnetic and/or radioactive metal nanoparticles, the process comprising: preparing an electrolyte solution including metal ions and a stabilizer; generating a plasma at an interface of the electrolyte solution at atmospheric pressure; and recovering magnetic and/or radioactive metal nanoparticles. The magnetic metal nanoparticles can comprise magnetoradioactive nanoparticles. The magnetic metal nanoparticles can be used as MRI contrast agents and the magnetoradioactive nanoparticles can also be used as contrast agents and for dual PET/MRI applications. It also relates to a multi-plasma apparatus for synthesizing nanoparticles. 1. A process for synthesizing magnetic metal nanoparticles , the process comprising:preparing an electrolyte solution including metal ions capable of forming magnetic metal nanoparticles and a stabilizer;generating, at atmospheric pressure, at least one plasma directed towards an interface of the electrolyte solution; andrecovering, from the electrolyte solution, the synthesized magnetic metal nanoparticles.2. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal ions comprise at least one of a ferromagnetic metal and a paramagnetic metal.3. A process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the at least one of the ferromagnetic metal and the paramagnetic metal comprises at least one of Fe claim 2 , Co claim 2 , Ni claim 2 , Mn claim 2 , Cr claim 2 , Gd claim 2 , Cu claim 2 , Eu claim 2 , and Dy.4. A process as claimed in any one of to claim 2 , wherein the synthesized magnetic metal nanoparticles comprise at least one of magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles claim 2 , magnetic metal phosphate nanoparticles claim 2 , magnetic metal hydroxide nanoparticles claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.5. A process as claimed in any one of to claim 2 , wherein the synthesized magnetic metal nanoparticles comprise magnetic metallic nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of: Fe claim 2 , Cu claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.6. A process as ...

METHOD OF SYNTHESIZING MANGANESE OXIDE NANOCORALS

A method of synthesizing manganese oxide nanocorals comprises the steps of a) heating a potassium permanganate solution; (b) providing manganese sulfate in a basic solution; (c) combining the manganese sulfate basic solution drop-wise with the heated potassium permanganate solution until a brown precipitate is formed; (d) stirring the brown precipitate for a period of about 12 hours at a temperature greater than 300 K; (e) isolating the precipitate; and (f) drying the precipitate inside an oven at a temperature greater than 300 K to provide manganese oxide nanocorals. The manganese oxide nanocorals include nanowires having a diameter typically ranging from about 20 nm to about 40 nm. 1. A method of synthesizing manganese oxide nanocorals comprising:(a) heating a potassium permanganate solution;(b) providing manganese sulfate in a basic solution;(c) adding the manganese sulfate basic solution drop-wise to the heated potassium permanganate solution until a brown precipitate is formed;(d) stirring the brown precipitate at a temperature greater than 300 K;(e) isolating the precipitate; and(f) drying the precipitate to provide the manganese oxide nanocorals.2. The method of synthesizing manganese oxide nanocorals according to claim 1 , wherein the potassium permanganate solution is heated to a temperature of about 343 K.3. The method of synthesizing manganese oxide nanocorals according to claim 1 , wherein the brown precipitate is dried in an oven at a temperature of about 383 K.4. The method of synthesizing manganese oxide nanocorals according to claim 1 , wherein the brown precipitate is stirred for about 12 hours.5. The method of synthesizing manganese oxide nanocorals according to claim 1 , wherein the potassium permanganate solution is stirred at 600 rpm.6. The method of synthesizing manganese oxide nanocorals according to claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxide nanocorals include nanowires having a diameter of about 20 nm to about 40 nm.7. The method of synthesizing ...

DIMETHYLAMMONIUM-CONTAINING PEROVSKITE DEVICES

The present disclosure relates to a perovskite that includes ABX, where A is an organic cation, B is a second cation, X is an anion, and the perovskite has a film density (ρ) of less than 4.37 g/cm. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the film density may be in the range, 4.1 g/cm≤ρ≤4.37 g/cm. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic cation may include at least one of dimethylammonium (DMA), guanidinium (GA), and/or acetamidinium (Ac). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, A may further include cesium. 1. A perovskite comprising ABX , wherein:A comprises an organic cation,B comprises a second cation,X comprises an anion, and{'sup': '3', 'the perovskite has a film density (ρ) of less than 4.37 g/cm.'}2. The perovskite of claim 1 , wherein 4.1 g/cm≤ρ≤4.37 g/cm.3. The perovskite of claim 1 , wherein the organic cation comprises at least one of dimethylammonium (DMA) claim 1 , guanidinium (GA) claim 1 , or acetamidinium (Ac).4. The perovskite of claim 3 , wherein A further comprises cesium.5. The perovskite of claim 4 , comprising DMACsBX claim 4 , wherein 0≤x≤0.8.6. The perovskite of claim 5 , wherein A further comprises formamidinium (FA).7. The perovskite of claim 6 , comprising DMACsFABX claim 6 , wherein 0.40≤y≤0.90.8. The perovskite of claim 1 , wherein B comprises at least one of lead or tin.9. The perovskite of claim 8 , comprising DMACsFAPbX.10. The perovskite of claim 1 , wherein the anion comprises at least one of chlorine claim 1 , bromine claim 1 , or iodine.11. The perovskite of claim 10 , comprising DMACsFAPbICl claim 10 , wherein 0 Подробнее

Zinc ion battery positive electrode material, preparation method therefor, and application thereof

Provided are a zinc ion battery positive electrode material, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof. The preparation method for the zinc ion battery positive electrode material includes: performing a sintering treatment on manganese carbonate to obtain the zinc ion battery positive electrode material. In this method, through a heat treatment of manganese carbonate, a zinc ion battery positive electrode material with high performance can be obtained. In addition, the method requires low raw material and simple preparation processes, and thus it is suitable for industrial production.

Manganese Complexes And Use Thereof For Preparing Thin Films

Manganese complexes, methods of making the same, and use thereof in thin film deposition, such as CVD and ALD are provided herein. 2. The manganese complex of or a solvate thereof claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen claim 1 , CC-alkyl claim 1 , and tri(CC-alkyl)silyl.3. The manganese complex of claim 1 , or a solvate thereof claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen claim 1 , methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , n-propyl claim 1 , isopropyl claim 1 , n-butyl claim 1 , isobutyl claim 1 , tert-butyl claim 1 , n-pentyl claim 1 , neopentyl claim 1 , n-hexyl claim 1 , n-heptyl claim 1 , n-octyl claim 1 , trimethylsilyl claim 1 , triethylsilyl claim 1 , triisopropylsilyl claim 1 , and tert-butyldimethylsilyl.5. The manganese complex of or a solvate thereof claim 4 , wherein R claim 4 , R claim 4 , and Rare independently hydrogen or CC-alkyl.8. The manganese complex of or a solvate thereof claim 7 , wherein R claim 7 , R claim 7 , R claim 7 , R claim 7 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen claim 7 , C-C-alkyl claim 7 , and tri(CC-alkyl)silyl.9. The manganese complex of claim 7 , or a solvate thereof claim 7 , wherein R claim 7 , R claim 7 , R claim 7 , R claim 7 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen claim 7 , methyl claim 7 , ethyl claim 7 , n-propyl claim 7 , isopropyl claim 7 , n-butyl claim 7 , isobutyl claim 7 , tert-butyl claim 7 , n-pentyl claim 7 , neopentyl claim 7 , n-hexyl claim 7 , n-heptyl claim 7 , n-octyl claim 7 , trimethylsilyl claim 7 , triethylsilyl claim 7 , triisopropylsilyl claim 7 , and tert-butyldimethylsilyl.11. The manganese complex of or a solvate thereof claim 10 , wherein R claim 10 , R claim 10 , and Rare independently hydrogen or C-C-alkyl.13. The manganese complex of or a solvate thereof ...

EVALUATION OF PRESENCE OF AND VULNERABILITY TO ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND OTHER INDICATIONS USING MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-BASED IMAGING

The invention provides, in some embodiments, methods relating to assessing increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF), and/or the likelihood of responding to particular AF therapies using imaging agents comprising an MMP inhibitor linked to an imaging moiety. The invention further provides methods for evaluating the presence of the risk of developing other cardiovascular conditions and assessing the effectiveness of treatment or other intervention for such conditions by determining MMP levels. 2. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe subject has been previously diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and previously treated for atrial fibrillation.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the atrial fibrillation recurrence is atrial fibrillation recurrence following cardioversion therapy.57-. (canceled)8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the subject has experienced one AF event.9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the subject has experienced recurrent AF.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cardiac image is an atrial image.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cardiac image is a left atrial image.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human subject.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject does not manifest signs associated with myocardial fibrosis.14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject does not manifest signs associated with myocardial remodeling.15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has experienced a myocardial infarction.16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imaging agent is RP805.18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining a measure of myocardial perfusion in the subject.19. The method of claim 18 , wherein determining a measure of myocardial perfusion in the subject comprises administering to the subject a myocardial perfusion imaging agent and obtaining a myocardial perfusion image to determine a measure of myocardial perfusion. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a disturbance in the rhythmic beating (or arrhythmia ...

NONOSTRUCTURED METAL ORGANIC MATERIAL ELECTRODE SEPARATORS AND METHODS THEREFOR

Provided herein are nano structured electrode separators comprising metal organic materials capable of attaching to one or more electrodes and electrically insulating at least one electrode while allowing migration of ionic charge carriers through the nanostructured electrode separator. Methods of using such electrode separators include positioning a nanostructured electrode separator between two electrodes of an electrochemical cell. 124-. (canceled)25. A nanostructured electrode separator , consisting essentially of:a covalent organic framework, wherein the nanostructured electrode separator is a phase-pure material.26. The separator of claim 25 , wherein the nanostructured electrode separator serves as an electrical insulator between a first electrode and a second electrode.27. The separator of claim 25 , wherein the nanostructured electrode separator is attached to a surface of a first electrode or a second electrode.28. The separator of claim 27 , wherein the first electrode or second electrode is a manganese oxide electrode.29. The separator or claim 25 , wherein the nanostructured electrode separator includes a 2 claim 25 ,5-thiophenediboronic acid covalent organic framework.30. The separator of claim 25 , wherein the nanostructured electrode separator has an average pore diameter of less than about 20 nm and greater than about 10 nm.31. An electrochemical cell claim 25 , comprising:a first electrode;a nanostructured electrode separator attached to a surface of the first electrode and consisting essentially of a covalent organic framework; anda second electrode electrically insulated from the first electrode.32. The cell of claim 31 , wherein the nanostructured electrode separator is a phase-pure material.33. The cell of claim 31 , wherein the nanostructured electrode separator includes a 2 claim 31 ,5-thiophenediboronic acid covalent organic framework.34. The cell of claim 31 , wherein one of the first electrode and second electrode is a manganese oxide ...

MANUFACTURING OF PEROVSKITE FILMS

The present disclosure relates to a mixture that includes a perovskite precursor, a solvent, and an additive that includes at least one of a first amine, a ketone, an aldehyde, a non-nucleophilic sterically hindered base, and/or a halogen-containing compound, where, upon removal of the solvent and the additive, the perovskite precursor is capable of being transformed into a perovskite. 1. A mixture comprising:a perovskite precursor;a solvent; andan additive comprising at least one of a first amine, a ketone, an aldehyde, a non-nucleophilic sterically hindered base, or a halogen-containing compound, wherein:upon removal of the solvent and the additive, the perovskite precursor is capable of being transformed into a perovskite.2. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the additive is present at a first concentration relative to the solvent between greater than 0 v/v and less than or equal to 20% v/v.3. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein:{'sub': '3', 'the perovskite has a stoichiometry of ABX,'}A is a first cation,B is a second cation, andX is an anion.4. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite precursor comprises at least one of methylammonium chloride (MACl) claim 1 , methylammonium bromide (MABr) claim 1 , methylammonium iodide (MAI) claim 1 , formamidinium chloride (FACl) claim 1 , formamidinium bromide (FABr) claim 1 , formamidinium iodide (FAI) claim 1 , lead iodide (PbI) claim 1 , tin iodide claim 1 , cesium chloride claim 1 , cesium bromide claim 1 , or cesium iodide.5. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the ketone comprises at least one of 4 claim 1 ,4-dimethyl-2-pentanone claim 1 , acetone claim 1 , 2-heptanone claim 1 , or 2 claim 1 ,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone.6. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the aldehyde comprises at least one of acetaldehyde or benzaldehyde.7. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the non-nucleophilic sterically hindered base comprises at least one of diisopropylethylamine claim 1 , triethylamine claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,6-di-t-butylpyridine claim 1 , ...

Regeneration of Etch Solutions Containing Trivalent Manganese in Acid Media

A method of regenerating an etch solution comprising a metastable complex of manganese(III) ions in a strong acid is described in which at least a portion of the manganese(III) ions in the metastable complex have been destabilized, causing them to disproportionate into manganese dioxide and manganese(II) ions. The method includes the steps of i) adding an effective amount of a reducing agent to the solution; ii) allowing the reducing agent to react with the solution to cause manganese dioxide to dissolve; and (iii) applying an electrical current to regenerate manganese(III) ions in the solution. 1. A method of regenerating an etch solution comprising a metastable complex of manganese(III) ions in a strong acid , wherein at least a portion of the manganese(III) ions have been destabilized , causing them to disproportionate into manganese dioxide and manganese(II) ions , the method comprising the steps of:a. adding an effective amount of a reducing agent for the Mn(IV) of the manganese dioxide to the etch solution;b. allowing the reducing agent to react with the etch solution to cause the Mn(IV) in the manganese dioxide to be reduced to Mn(II) and to dissolve; and 'wherein the etch solution is at least substantially free of permanganate ions.', 'c. applying an electrical current through an anode and a cathode in the etch solution to regenerate manganese(III) ions in the etch solution from manganese(II) ions;'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide claim 1 , oxalic acid claim 1 , formic acid and combinations of one or more of the foregoing.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the reducing agent comprises hydrogen peroxide.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the amount of hydrogen peroxide added to the solution is in the range of about 0.5 ml of hydrogen peroxide (35% by weight) per liter of etch solution claim 3 , to about 10 ml of hydrogen peroxide (35% by weight) per ...

ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE FOR LITHIUM PRIMARY BATTERY, AND LITHIUM PRIMARY BATTERY USING THE SAME

Electrolytic manganese dioxide for lithium primary batteries has a sodium content of 0.05 to 0.2% by mass, and a pH of 5 to 7 as measured according to JIS-K-1467. Using this electrolytic manganese dioxide as a positive electrode active material for lithium primary batteries enables the batteries to be excellent in both initial discharge characteristics and long-term discharge characteristics. 1. Electrolytic manganese dioxide for lithium primary batteries , the electrolytic manganese dioxide having a sodium content of 0.05 to 0.25% by mass , and a pH of 5 to 7 as measured according to JIS-K-1467.2. The electrolytic manganese dioxide for lithium primary batteries of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic manganese dioxide has a sodium content of 0.05 to 0.2% by mass.3. A lithium primary battery comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a positive electrode including the electrolytic manganese dioxide for lithium primary batteries of ;'}a negative electrode including one of lithium metal and a lithium alloy; anda separator and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.4. The lithium primary battery of claim 3 , wherein the electrolytic manganese dioxide has a sodium content of 0.05 to 0.2% by mass. This application is a Divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/681,500, filed on Apr. 2, 2010, which is the U.S. National Phase under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Application No. PCT/JP2009/003122, filed on Jul. 6, 2009, which in turn claims the benefit of Japanese Application No. 2008-178819, filed on Jul. 9, 2008, the disclosures of which Applications are incorporated by reference herein.The present invention relates to electrolytic manganese dioxide for lithium primary batteries, manufacturing method therefor, and a lithium primary battery using the same as a positive electrode active material.Lithium primary batteries use lithium and other light metals as a negative electrode active material, and ...

TECHNETIUM- AND RHENIUM-BIS(HETEROARYL) COMPLEXES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

A method of imaging a region in a subject includes administering to the subject a complex of a metal chelated to a compound, and obtaining an image of the region in the subject. 114-. (canceled)167. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the complex of claim and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.17. The complex of claim 15 , wherein the metal is a radionuclide.18. The complex of claim 15 , where in the metal is yttrium claim 15 , lutetium claim 15 , gallium claim 15 , or indium.19. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the complex of and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/446,220, filed on Jul. 29, 2014, which in turn is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/041,643, filed on Sep. 30, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,840,865, which in turn is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/631,312, filed on Dec. 4, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,562,945, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/350,894, filed on Jan. 8, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,877,970, all of which claim the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 61/020,043, filed on Jan. 9, 2008; 61/088,980, filed on Aug. 14, 2008; and 61/142,002, filed on Dec. 31, 2008. This application also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/120,226, filed on Dec. 5, 2008, and 61/180,341, filed on May 21, 2009, all applications and patents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, for any and all purposes.The present technology is generally related to radiopharmaceutical agents.Radiopharmaceuticals may be used as diagnostic or therapeutic agents by virtue of the physical properties of their constituent radionuclides. Thus, their utility is not based on any pharmacologic action per se. Most clinical drugs of this class are diagnostic agents incorporating a gamma-emitting nuclide which, because of physical, metabolic or biochemical ...

Process for producing composite material of metal oxide with conductive carbon

Provided is a method whereby metal oxide nanoparticles having evenness of size are efficiently and highly dispersedly adhered to conductive carbon powder. This method comprises: a preparation step in which a reaction solution containing water, a compound with a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni, and conductive carbon powder and having a pH in the range of 9 to 11 is introduced into a rotatable reactor; a supporting step in which the reactor is rotated to apply shear stress and centrifugal force to the reaction solution, thereby yielding a core of a hydroxide of the transition metal and dispersing the thus-yielded core of a hydroxide of the transition metal and the conductive carbon powder and simultaneously supporting the hydroxide of the transition metal by the conductive carbon powder; and a heat treatment step in which the conductive carbon powder loaded with the hydroxide of the transition metal is heated to thereby convert the hydroxide supported by the conductive carbon powder into an oxide nanoparticle.

METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF PLATE-TYPE MANGANESE DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES

A preparation method according to the present invention includes use of an amine-based coupling agent to prepare plate-type manganese dioxide nanoparticles. The plate-type manganese dioxide nanoparticles thus prepared can be suitably mixed with a carbon-based conductive material and are thus useful a positive electrode material for pseudo-capacitors. 1. A method for the preparation of plate-type manganese dioxide nanoparticles comprising the steps of:reacting an amine-based coupling agent with an aqueous solution containing a manganese salt to form a reaction product; andreacting an oxidizing agent with the reaction product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein{'sub': 3', '2', '4, 'the manganese salt is Mn(CHCOO), or MnSO.'}3. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe amine-based coupling agent contains one amine group and contains one or two carboxyl groups or thiol groups.5. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe amine-based coupling agent is glycine, aspartic acid, cysteamine, cysteine, glutamic acid, selenocysteine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, or phenylalanine.6. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe molar ratio of the manganese salt and the amine-based coupling agent is 1:0.5 to 2.7. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe reaction time of reacting the amine-based coupling agent with the aqueous solution containing a manganese salt is 5 minutes to 1 hour.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein{'sub': 2', '2', '8', '2', '2', '8', '4', '2', '2', '8, 'the oxidizing agent is KSO, NaSO, or (NH)SO.'}9. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe molar ratio of the manganese salt and the oxidizing agent used in step 1 is 2 to 10.10. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe reaction time of reacting the oxidizing agent with the reaction product is 2 hours to 12 hours.11. Plate-type manganese dioxide nanoparticles prepared by the preparation method of .12. A positive electrode for pseudo-capacitors comprising the plate-type manganese dioxide nanoparticles of . The present application is a ...

AMINOIODOSILANES AND METHODS OF SYNTHESIZING THESE AMINOIODOSILANES

Methods of synthesizing aminoiodosilanes are disclosed. The reaction to produce the disclosed aminoiodosilanes is represented by the formula: 1. A method of synthesizing an aminoiodosilane comprising:{'sub': 2', 'y', 'z', '1', '10, 'sup': 1', '1', '1, 'contacting an iodosilane having the formula SiI4 with an monosubstituted amine having the formula NHRto produce an aminoiodosilane reaction product having the formula SiI(NHR), wherein Ris selected from a C-Calkyl or cycloalkyl, aryl, or a hetero group; y=1 to 3; and z=4−y.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the iodosilane to the monosubstituted amine ranges from approximately 1:2 to 1:4.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating the aminoiodosilane reaction product from a crude mixture produced by the reaction.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising vacuum distilling the aminoiodosilane reaction product.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method produces an aminoiodosilane reaction product and an alkylammoniuim iodide salt.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction is performed in a solvent.7. The method of claim 7 , wherein the solvent is toluene.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monosubstituted amine is t-butylamine and the aminoiodosilane is t-butylaminotriiodosilane.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monosubstituted amine is methylamine or ethylamine and the aminoiodosilane is methylaminotriiodosilane or ethylaminotriiodosilane.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monosubstituted amine is isopropylamine and the aminoiodosilane is isopropylaminotriiodosilane.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aminoiodosilane is bis(t-butylamino)diiodosilane or bis(isopropylamino)diiodosilane.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine is added to the iodosilane.13. A method of synthesizing an aminoiodosilane comprising the steps of:adding a tetraiodosilane to a reactor;{'sup': 1', '1, 'sub': 1', '10, 'adding a monosubstituted amine having the formula, NHR, to the ...

MANGANESE OXIDE COMPOSITION OF MATTER, AND SYNTHESIS AND USE THEREOF

The present invention relates to a new synthetic manganese oxide material, a method of synthesis of the new manganese oxide material, and use of the new synthetic manganese oxide as a secondary battery active cathode material in an electrochemical application. 2. The composition matter of claim 1 , wherein the material has a space grouping of Pm1.3. The composition matter of claim 1 , wherein the material has a distance between manganese atoms in the c-direction of about 4.487 Angstroms.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the crystalline material has a space grouping of Pm1.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the crystalline material has a distance between manganese atoms in the c-direction of about 4.487 Angstroms.7. A composition of matter comprising: a material defined by a general formula MnO claim 4 , where x is in the range of 0 to 0.35; wherein the material is crystalline; and wherein the material has a space grouping of Pm1.8. The composition of matter of claim 7 , wherein the material has a distance between manganese atoms in c-direction is about 4.487 Angstroms.9. A method of preparing a crystalline material comprising manganese and oxygen claim 7 , said method comprising a step of contacting a solid β-MnOOH with a component selected from the group consisting of an ozone species claim 7 , a radical oxygen species claim 7 , and a combination of the aforementioned species claim 7 , in an absence of water for forming the crystalline material having a general formula MnO claim 7 , where x is in the range of 0 to 0.35; and wherein the crystalline material has a space grouping of Pm1. Not Applicable.This invention relates to a new synthetic Manganese Oxide material τ-MnO, a method of synthesis of the new material τ-MnO, and use of the new synthetic Manganese Oxide τ-MnOas a secondary battery active cathode material in an electrochemical application.Manganese oxides of general formula MnO. have a variety of applications, including but not limited to pigments/ ...

SYNTHETIC CATALASE/SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE MIMETICS AND METHODS FOR TREATING VIRAL INFECTIONS

The invention provides for the treatment of disorders related to viral infection, using salen manganese compounds. 3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the compound suppresses oxidative stress to thereby treat viral infection.5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease or disorder is influenza claim 1 , pandemic influenza virus claim 1 , a retrovirus claim 1 , rhabdovirus claim 1 , filovirus claim 1 , hepatitis type A claim 1 , hepatitis type B claim 1 , hepatitis type C claim 1 , varicella claim 1 , adenovirus claim 1 , human herpes virus claim 1 , herpes simplex type I (HSV-I) claim 1 , herpes simplex type II (HSV-II) claim 1 , rinderpest claim 1 , rhinovirus claim 1 , echovirus claim 1 , rotavirus claim 1 , respiratory syncytial virus claim 1 , papilloma virus claim 1 , papova virus claim 1 , cytomegalovirus claim 1 , echinovirus claim 1 , arbovirus claim 1 , hantavirus claim 1 , coxsachie virus claim 1 , mumps virus claim 1 , measles virus claim 1 , rubella virus claim 1 , polio virus claim 1 , human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-I) claim 1 , and human immunodeficiency virus type II (HIV-II) claim 1 , any picornaviridae claim 1 , enteroviruses claim 1 , caliciviridae claim 1 , a Norwalk group of viruses claim 1 , togaviruses claim 1 , alphaviruses claim 1 , flaviviruses claim 1 , Dengue virus claim 1 , coronaviruses claim 1 , rabies virus claim 1 , Marburg viruses claim 1 , Ebola viruses claim 1 , parainfluenza virus claim 1 , orthomyxoviruses claim 1 , bunyaviruses claim 1 , arenaviruses claim 1 , reoviruses claim 1 , rotaviruses claim 1 , orbiviruses claim 1 , human T cell leukemia virus type I claim 1 , human T cell leukemia virus type II claim 1 , simian immunodeficiency virus claim 1 , lentiviruses claim 1 , polyomaviruses claim 1 , parvoviruses claim 1 , Epstein-Barr virus claim 1 , human herpesvirus-6 claim 1 , cercopithecine herpes virus 1 (B virus) claim 1 , varicella zoster virus claim 1 , orthopox virus claim 1 , West Nile Virus ...

CHELATE COMPOUNDS

The invention provides compounds suitable for use as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The compounds of the present invention are manganese (II) complexes having advantageous properties as compared with similar known compounds. 2. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris Chydroxyalkyl.3. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris Chydroxyalkyl.4. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris Chydroxyalkyl.7. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris a Caryl substituted with one or more substituents selected from halo or —C(═O)—NH—Chydroxyalkyl.8. The compound as defined in claim 7 , wherein said Caryl is phenyl.9. The compound as defined in claim 7 , wherein said halo is iodo.10. The compound as defined in claim 7 , wherein said —C(═O)—NH—Chydroxyalkyl is —C(═O)—NH—CH—C(OH)—CH—C(OH).13. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris the same.14. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris Calkyl.15. The compound as defined in claim 14 , wherein each Ris methyl.16. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris hydrogen.17. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris Chydroxyalkyl.18. The compound as defined in claim 17 , wherein each Ris Chydroxyalkyl.19. The compound as defined in claim 18 , wherein each Ris Chydroxyalkyl.20. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each Ris the same.21. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each n is an integer from 1-3.22. The compound as defined in claim 21 , wherein each n is 1.23. The compound as defined in claim 21 , wherein each n is 2.24. The compound as defined in claim 21 , wherein each n is 3.25. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein Ris Calkyl.26. The compound as defined in claim 25 , wherein Ris methyl.27. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein Ris —(CH)—C(═O)—NRR.28. The compound as defined in wherein each Ris Chydroxyalkyl.29. The compound as defined in claim 27 , wherein each Ris is Chydroxyalkyl. ...

NANOSTRUCTURED METAL ORGANIC MATERIAL ELECTRODE SEPARATORS AND METHODS THEREFOR

Provided herein are nanostructured electrode separators comprising metal organic materials capable of attaching to one or more electrodes and electrically insulating at least one electrode while allowing migration of ionic charge carriers through the nanostructured electrode separator. Methods of using such electrode separators include positioning a nanostructured electrode separator between two electrodes of an electrochemical cell. 1. A method of forming an electrode material , comprising:forming a nanostructured separator on a surface of an electrode support, wherein the nanostructured separator includes a metal-organic material or a covalent-organic framework (COF).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal organic material is a metal-organic framework.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal organic material is a metal-organic polyhedron.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal organic material is a coordination polymer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured separator includes a zinc or lead coordination compound.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured separator includes a zinc terephthalate metal-organic framework.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured separator includes a lead-(4 claim 1 ,4′-sulfonyldibenzoate) metal-organic framework.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured separator includes a 2 claim 1 ,5-thiophenediboronic acid covalent-organic framework.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal organic material comprises Zn-MOF1 claim 1 , Zn-MOF2 claim 1 , Zn-MOF3 claim 1 , Zn-MOF4 claim 1 , ZnMOF5 claim 1 , Cu-MOF1 claim 1 , Cu-MOF2 claim 1 , Tb-MOF1 claim 1 , Tb-MOF2 claim 1 , Cd-MOF1 claim 1 , Cd-MOF2 claim 1 , CdMOF3 claim 1 , Co-MOF1 claim 1 , Co-MOF2 claim 1 , Zn-MOF6 claim 1 , MOF-5 claim 1 , Cu(4 claim 1 ,4′-bpy)1.5NO3(H2O)1.25 claim 1 , [Cu3(TMA)2]n claim 1 , [Cu(OH)—(C5H4NC2] claim 1 , MOF-38 claim 1 , Ag(4 claim 1 ,4′-bpy)NO3 claim 1 , IRMOF-1 claim 1 , IRMOF-2 and IRMOF-3 ...

TRIMANGANESE TETRAOXIDE AND ITS PRODUCTION PROCESS

To provide trimanganese tetraoxide having a high tap density and a uniform particle size distribution, and its production process. 111-. (canceled)12. Trimanganese tetraoxide having a tap density of at least 1.5 g/cmand a relative standard deviation of the particle size of at most 40%.13. The trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 12 , which has an average particle size of at least 1 μm.14. The trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 12 , which has an average particle size of at most 20 μm.15. The trimanganese tetraoxide according to which has a relative standard deviation of the particle size of at most 35%.16. A process for producing the trimanganese tetraoxide as defined in claim 12 , which comprises a step of mixing a manganese aqueous solution and an alkaline aqueous solution so that the oxidation-reduction potential is at least 0 mV and OH/Mn(mol/mol) is at most 0.55.17. The process for producing the trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 16 , wherein OH/Mn (mol/mol) is at least 0.35.18. The process for producing the trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 16 , wherein the oxidation-reduction potential is at least 40 mV.19. The process for producing the trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 16 , wherein the trimanganese tetraoxide is directly precipitated from the manganese aqueous solution.20. A method for producing a lithium manganese oxide claim 12 , wherein the trimanganese tetraoxide as defined in is used.21. A lithium manganese oxide claim 12 , which is obtained from the trimanganese tetraoxide as defined in as the material.22. A lithium ion secondary battery claim 21 , which comprises the lithium manganese oxide as defined in . The present invention relates to trimanganese tetraoxide having a controlled particle size distribution and its production process.Trimanganese tetraoxide attracts attention as a manganese material of a lithium manganese oxide due to its high fillability.As a method for producing trimanganese tetraoxide, a ...

Treatment of Organic Contaminated Water with Manganese Oxide Media

A method of treating an organic contaminated material includes producing manganese oxide media in a first treatment system; and contacting the organic contaminated material with the manganese oxide media in a second treatment system. The manganese oxide media may be coated aggregate having a layer of manganese oxide. The manganese oxide media may be manganese oxide solids. The manganese oxide solids can be formed by removing at least a portion of the manganese oxide layer from the coated aggregate. 1. A method of treating an organic contaminated material , comprising:producing manganese oxide media in a first treatment system; andcontacting organic contaminated material with the manganese oxide media in a second treatment system.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxide media comprises aggregate having a coating layer of manganese oxide.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aggregate comprises a calcareous aggregate or a non-calcareous aggregate.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxide media comprises aggregate comprising a coating layer comprising manganese oxide minerals claim 1 , manganese oxyhydroxide minerals claim 1 , microbial biofilms claim 1 , and mixtures of any of the foregoing capable of oxidizing manganese.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the manganese oxide media comprises manganese oxide solids.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the manganese oxide solids are produced by removing at least a portion of a manganese oxide coating layer from a coated aggregate.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first treatment system is a coal mine drainage treatment system.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first treatment system is physically separate from the second treatment system.9. The method of claim 1 , including maintaining the pH in at least one of the first treatment system and the second treatment system in the range of 6.5 to 7.5.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein manganese is added to the first treatment system through ...

THIOCYANATE SALTS FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATION

Described herein, inter alia, are thiocyanate salt compositions and methods for treating or preventing inflammation using the same. 2. The salt of claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of manganese claim 1 , iron claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , copper claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , and zinc.3. (canceled)5. The salt of claim 4 , wherein Ris C-Calkyl.7. The salt of claim 6 , wherein Ris C-Calkyl and Rand Rare each unsubstituted ethyl.8. (canceled)9. The salt of claim 8 , wherein A is hydrogen.12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The salt as in claim 11 , wherein Xis R-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;{'sup': 13', '14', '14', '14', '14', '14, 'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '3, 'Ris halogen, —NH, —CF, —CHF, —CHF, —CN, —SOCl, —SH, —SONH, —NHNH, —ONH, —NHC(O)NHNH, —NHC(O)N H, —NO, —C(O)H, —C(O)OH, —C(O)NH, —OH, —NHSOH, —NHC (O)H, —NHC(O)OH, —NHOH, —OCF, oxo, —N, R-substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, R-substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, R-substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, R-substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or an R-substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; and'}{'sup': '14', 'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '3, 'Ris halogen, —NH, —CF, —CHF, —CHF, —CN, —SOCl, —SH, —SONH, —NHNH, —ONH, —NHC(O)NHNH, —NHC(O)N H, —NO, —C(O)H, —C(O)OH, —C(O)NH, —OH, —NHSOH, —NHC(O)H, —NHC(O)OH, —NHOH, —OCF, oxo, —N, unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted heteroalkyl, unsubstituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, unsubstituted aryl, or unsubstituted heteroaryl.'}15. The salt of claim 14 , wherein Ris C-Calkyl.16. The salt as in claim 11 , wherein Xis Calkyl.17. The salt of claim 16 , wherein A is hydrogen.18. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a salt of and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.19. A method of treating inflammation in a subject in need thereof claim 1 , comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a salt of .20 ...

TRIMANGANESE TETRAOXIDE AND ITS PRODUCTION PROCESS

To provide trimanganese tetraoxide from which a lithium manganese oxide with less fusion of particles by firing i.e. necking phenomenon is obtained. 1. Trimanganese tetraoxide characterized in that the pore volume of pores having pore diameters of from 0.3 to 2 μm is at least 0.1 mL/g.2. The trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 1 , wherein the pore volume of pores having pore diameters of from 0.5 to 1 μm is at least 0.03 mL/g.3. The trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 1 , wherein the most frequent pore size is from 2 to 4.5 μm.4. The trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 1 , wherein the specific surface area is from 2.5 to 9 m/g.5. The trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 1 , wherein the average particle size is from 8 to 20 μm.6. A process for producing the trimanganese tetraoxide as defined in claim 1 , which comprises a crystallization step of crystallizing trimanganese tetraoxide from a manganese salt aqueous solution not by means of manganese hydroxide claim 1 , wherein in the crystallization step claim 1 , the manganese salt aqueous solution and an alkali solution are mixed to obtain a slurry in which trimanganese tetraoxide is crystallized claim 1 , and the trimanganese tetraoxide is crystallized so that the solid content concentration of the trimanganese tetraoxide in the slurry is higher than 2 wt % claim 1 , and the average retention time of the trimanganese tetraoxide in the slurry is at most 10 hours.7. The process for producing the trimanganese tetraoxide according to claim 6 , wherein in the crystallization step claim 6 , the oxidation-reduction potential is from 100 to 300 mV.8. A process for producing the trimanganese tetraoxide as defined in claim 1 , which comprises a crystallization step of crystallizing trimanganese tetraoxide from a manganese salt aqueous solution not by means of manganese hydroxide claim 1 , wherein in the crystallization step claim 1 , the manganese salt aqueous solution and an alkali solution are ...

METHODS FOR CONVERTING MANGANESE DIOXIDE INTO A WATER-SOLUBLE MANGANESE SALTS

A water-insoluble manganese dioxide may be contacted with a solution having an effective amount of citric acid to form at least a portion of water-soluble manganese salt. The solution may have an initial pH of less than about 4. In a non-limiting embodiment, the solution may be fed into at least one equipment where the equipment has water-insoluble manganese dioxide therein. 1. A method for producing a water-soluble manganese salt comprising:contacting a water-insoluble manganese dioxide with a solution comprising an effective amount of citric acid to form at least a portion of water-soluble manganese salt; and wherein the solution has an initial pH of less than about 4.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution does not comprise sulfuric acid claim 1 , oxalic acid claim 1 , hydrogen chloride claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a reaction occurs between the water-insoluble manganese dioxide and the solution claim 1 , and the method further comprises removing the water-soluble manganese salt from the reaction.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method occurs in a substantially oxygen-free environment.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of citric acid ranges from about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % based on the total amount of the solution.6. The method of further comprising reacting a sulfur species with a permanganate salt to produce the water-insoluble manganese dioxide prior to contacting the water-insoluble manganese dioxide with the solution.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of the water-insoluble manganese dioxide to the citric acid ranges from about 1:1 to about 1:10.8. A method comprising:feeding a solution into at least one downstream equipment having water-insoluble manganese dioxide therein; wherein the solution comprises citric acid in an amount ranging from about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % based on the total amount of the solution; andreacting the water-insoluble manganese dioxide with ...

TREATMENT OF MANGANESE-CONTAINING MATERIALS

An improved method for treating manganese-containing materials, such as seafloor manganese nodules, by leaching with aqueous HNOand NO gas, and more particularly to methods for recovering valuable constituents from such nodules, especially manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron, and copper. It also provides a method to leach manganese material to release the titanium, vanadium, cerium, molybdenum and other metals from the manganese oxides and to make them available to be recovered. 1. A method of recovering manganese from materials containing manganese-dioxide and other metal values , comprising the steps of:{'sub': '3', 'a. leaching the manganese-dioxide containing materials with HNOand NO gas in an aqueous solution to form MnO which dissolves in the nitric acid and releases the accompanying metals into solution, and leaving an acid-insoluble residue;'}b. precipitating iron from the solution as a residue;c. separating the iron-containing residue from the solution; andd. precipitating and recovering manganese from the solution.2. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing materials are leached in an aqueous nitric acid solution into which nitric oxide gas is then introduced.3. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing material contains at least one of the metals of the group consisting of: nickel claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , copper claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , cadmium claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , sodium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , lead claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , barium claim 1 , and vanadium.4. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing materials are manganese nodules obtained from any body of water claim 1 , including a seafloor or lake floor.5. A method according to claim 4 , further comprising removing chlorides from the nodules prior to leaching.6. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE WITH HIGH COMPACT DENSITY AND ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE PRODUCED THEREFROM

A method for producing electrolytic manganese dioxide with high compact density where electrolytic manganese dioxide pieces are milled in a classifying mill to produce first milled manganese dioxide particles where 30% of the particles are larger than 200 mesh and up to 95% of the particles are smaller than 325 mesh. The first milled manganese dioxide particles are milled a second time to produce manganese dioxide particles having a second particle size distribution. Also, an electrolytic manganese dioxide particle composition, wherein when the particle size distribution of the composition is plotted as a function of base-10 logarithm of the particle size, a first peak is centered at a particle size from 40-100 μm and contributes a minimum of 20% of the area under the curve of the overall particle size distribution and a maximum of 45% of the area under the curve of the overall particle size distribution. 1. A method for producing electrolytic manganese dioxide with high compact density comprising:milling electrolytic manganese dioxide pieces in a classifying mill to produce first milled manganese dioxide particles, such that the first milled manganese dioxide particles have a particle size distribution where less than 30% of the first milled manganese dioxide particles are larger than 200 mesh and up to 95% of the first milled manganese dioxide particles are smaller than 325 mesh; andmilling the first milled manganese dioxide particles to produce second milled manganese dioxide particles, wherein the second milled manganese dioxide particles have a second particle size distribution.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein 50-95% of the first milled manganese dioxide particles are smaller than 325 mesh.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein less than 15% of the first milled manganese dioxide particles are larger than 200 mesh and up to 70% of the first milled manganese dioxide particles are smaller than 325 mesh.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein 85-95% of the first milled ...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS COMPRISING RHENIUM FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCERS

Compositions and methods comprising rhenium are provided. In some embodiments, the rhenium compounds comprise a bidentate ligand. In some embodiments, the rhenium compounds are used in method for treating cancer. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare N.3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare O.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare S.5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare P.8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare halo.9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare chloro.10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xis OR'.11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R′ is optionally substituted alkyl.12. A pharmaceutical composition claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a compound of , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and'}one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, additives, and/or diluents.13. A kit for the treatment of cancer claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a compound of ; and'}instructions for use of the composition for treatment of cancer.14. A method of treating cancer in a patient in need of treatment for cancer claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'administering a compound of to the patient.'} This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. provisional patent applications, U.S. Ser. No 61/982,075, filed Apr. 21, 2014, entitled “RHENIUM(V)-OXO COMPLEXES: A NEW GENERATION OF POTENT ANTICANCER AGENTS,” by Stephen J. Lippard, et al., and U.S. Ser. No. 61/991,271, filed May 9, 2014, entitled “COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS COMPRISING RHENIUM FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCERS,” by Stephen J. Lippard, et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference.This invention was made with grovernment support under Grant No. CA034992 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.Compositions and methods comprising rhenium are provided. In some embodiments, the ...

PHOTOCHEMICALLY-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF LAYERED BIRNESSITE (MNO2) NANOSHEETS

A method of forming birnessite δ-MnOnanosheets is provided. The method includes oxidizing manganese (Mn) in the presence of a source of nitrate and a light source. 1. A method of forming birnessite δ-MnOnanosheets , the method comprising oxidizing manganese (Mn) in the presence of a source of nitrate and a light source.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:{'sup': '2+', 'irradiating aqueous solution comprising Mn(aq) and a nitrate solution with a light source;'}{'sup': '2+', 'smallcaps': 'IV', 'oxidizing the Mn (aq) to form Mn() in the nitrate solution;'}creating superoxide from photodecomposition of nitrate; and{'sub': '2', 'generating disordered δ-MnOnanosheets.'}3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the light source comprises one or more of a natural sunlight claim 2 , a UV lamp containing UV light above 300 nm claim 2 , or a Xe lamp.4. The method of claim 2 , the step of oxidizing Mn to Mn(IV) comprising oxidizing Mn to form Mn(III) and oxidizing the Mn(III) to form the Mn(IV)5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising increasing a concentration of the nitrate solution to accelerate the formation of δ-MnOnanosheets.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the concentration of the nitrate solution is at least 0.1 mM.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the formation of δ-MnOnanosheets takes a time ranging from 0.5 hrs to 6 hrs.8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the abiotic formation rate of the δ-MnOnanosheets is comparable to the formation rate of δ-MnOin microbial processes.9. A plurality of particles comprising the δ-MnOnanosheets of .10. A cathode of Li-ion battery comprising the plurality of particles of .11. A method of oxidizing manganese (Mn) to Mn(IV) claim 9 , the method comprising contacting Mn2+ to a source of nitrate and a light source.12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:{'sup': '2+', 'preparing an aqueous solution comprising Mn (aq), nitrate, and pyrophosphate (PP) having a concentration of at least 0.3 mM;'}irradiating the aqueous ...

Systems, Methods and Indicator Materials for Assessing Reduction State in Soils

The present invention relates an indicator system for assessing a reduction state of unconsolidated material that includes a delivery tube defining an interior chamber, and a substrate disposed within the interior chamber and including a reactive coating thereon. The reactive coating is at least partially removable from the substrate upon exposure to a reducing condition of unconsolidated material over a period of time. An indicator device including a reactive coating comprising a manganese oxide is also disclosed. 1. An indicator system for assessing a reduction state of unconsolidated material , comprising:a delivery tube having opposing first and second ends, an exterior wall extending between said first and second ends, and an interior chamber defined by said exterior wall and accessible through said first and second ends; anda substrate disposed within said interior chamber and including a first major surface having a reactive coating thereon, said reactive coating at least partially removable from said first major surface upon exposure to a reducing condition of unconsolidated material over a period of time.2. The indicator system of claim 1 , wherein said substrate comprises a flexible polymer film.3. The indicator system of claim 2 , further comprising a loading tube receivable in said interior chamber claim 2 , said film disposable around said loading tube for insertion with said loading tube into said interior chamber.4. The indicator system of claim 2 , wherein said film has a thickness from about 2 mil to about 30 mil.5. The indicator system of claim 1 , wherein said reactive coating comprises an iron oxide or a manganese oxide.6. The indicator system of claim 5 , wherein said reactive coating comprises a dried residue of a manganese oxide reduced from a solution of Na lactate and potassium permanganate (KMnO) having Na lactate:KMnOmolar ratio is greater than about 2.0.7. The indicator system of claim 6 , wherein said Na lactate:KMnOmolar ratio is ...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS COMPRISING RHENIUM FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCERS

Compositions and methods comprising rhenium are provided. In some embodiments, the rhenium compounds comprise a bidentate ligand. In some embodiments, the rhenium compounds are used in method for treating cancer. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare N.3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare O.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare S.5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare P.8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare halo.9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare chloro.10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Xis OR′.11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R′ is optionally substituted alkyl.12. A pharmaceutical composition claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a compound of , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and'}one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, additives, and/or diluents.13. A kit for the treatment of cancer claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a compound of ; and'}instructions for use of the composition for treatment of cancer.14. A method of treating cancer in a patient in need of treatment for cancer claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'administering a compound of to the patient.'} This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. provisional patent applications, U.S. Ser. No. 61/982,075, filed Apr. 21, 2014, entitled “RHENIUM(V)-OXO COMPLEXES: A NEW GENERATION OF POTENT ANTICANCER AGENTS,” by Stephen J. Lippard, et al., and U.S. Ser. No. 61/991,271, filed May 9, 2014, entitled “COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS COMPRISING RHENIUM FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCERS,” by Stephen J. Lippard, et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference.This invention was made with government support under Grant No. CA034992 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.Compositions and methods comprising rhenium are provided. In some embodiments, the ...

Crystalline transition metal oxide particles and continuous method of producing the same

Metal oxide particles, preferably crystalline transition metal oxide particles, made via a continuous process comprising application of a voltage across an electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution includes a transition metal salt dissolved in water, and preferably also includes a compound for increasing the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte. The particles made by the processes disclosed herein, can have sizes in the micrometer or nanometer ranges. The oxide particles can have a variety of uses, including for charge storage devices. As an example, crystalline manganese oxide nanoparticles, and methods for making the same, are disclosed for a variety of uses including lithium ion batteries. 1. A process for making metal oxide particles , in particular crystalline metal oxide particles , comprising the steps of: a) a transition metal salt, and', 'b) a soluble conductivity enhancing compound', 'so as to form an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution being provided between electrodes;, 'mixing with water, together or separately,'}applying potentiostatic pulse electrolysis to the solution so as to cause the formation of metal oxide anions at the first or second electrode, wherein soluble metal oxide anions formed become separated from the first or second electrode back into the electrolytic solution;reacting the formed metal oxide anion with a suitable metal salt to obtain metal oxide particles dispersed in solution; and optionallyseparating the metal oxide particles from the electrolytic solution.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxide formed is selected from ZnO claim 1 , InO claim 1 , RuO claim 1 , IrO claim 1 , CrO claim 1 , MnOand ReO.3. The method of or claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide formed is a metal oxide of one or more of the metals selected from Ce claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Gd claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , Sn claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Cr and Cu.4. The method of any of to claim 1 , ...

Two-Dimensional Dirac Half-Metal Ferromagnets and Ferromagnetic Materials for Spintronic Devices

Ferromagnetic materials are disclosed that comprise at least one Dirac half metal material. In addition, Dirac half metal materials are disclosed, wherein the material comprises a plurality of massless Dirac electrons. In addition, ferromagnetic materials are disclosed that includes at least one Dirac half metal material, wherein the material comprises a plurality of massless Dirac electrons, wherein the material exhibits 100% spin polarization, and wherein the plurality of electrons exhibit ultrahigh mobility. Spintronic devices and heterostructures are also disclosed that include a Dirac half metal material. 1. A ferromagnetic material , comprising at least one Dirac half metal material.2. The ferromagnetic material of claim 1 , wherein the ferromagnetic material is ultrathin.3. The ferromagnetic material of claim 2 , wherein ultrathin is about 1 nanometer in thickness.4. The ferromagnetic material of claim 2 , wherein ultrathin is less than about 1 nanometer in thickness.5. The ferromagnetic material of claim 1 , wherein the ferromagnetic material comprises at least one monolayer.6. A Dirac half metal material claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a plurality of massless Dirac electrons.7. The Dirac half metal material of claim 6 , wherein the material exhibits 100% spin polarization.8. The Dirac half metal material of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of electrons exhibits ultrahigh mobility.9. The Dirac half metal material of claim 6 , wherein the material comprises a manganese trihalide.10. The Dirac half metal material of claim 9 , wherein the halide of the trihalide comprises fluorine claim 9 , chlorine claim 9 , bromine claim 9 , or iodine.11. A ferromagnetic material claim 9 , comprising at least one Dirac half metal material claim 9 , wherein the material comprises a plurality of massless Dirac electrons claim 9 , wherein the material exhibits 100% spin polarization claim 9 , and wherein the plurality of electrons exhibits ultrahigh mobility.12. A ...

MANGANESE-BASED MAGNETIC RESONANCE CONTRAST AGENTS

Manganese coordination complexes with utility as magnetic resonance probes and as biological reductant sensors are disclosed. In one embodiment, ligands can stabilize both the Mnand Mnoxidation states. In the presence of a reductant such as glutathione, low relaxivity Mn-HBET is rapidly converted to high relaxivity Mn-HBET with a 3-fold increase in relaxivity, and concomitant increase in magnetic resonance signal. In another embodiment, ligands were designed to chelate Mn(ll) in a thermodynamically stable and kinetically inert fashion while allowing for direct interaction of Mn(ll) with water. In yet another embodiment, high molecular weight multimers containing six Mn(ll) chelators were prepared. The high molecular weight results in slower tumbling of the molecules in solution and can strongly enhance the Mn(ll) relaxivity. 8. The contrast agent of wherein:{'sup': '1', 'Ris ethylene.'}9. The contrast agent of wherein:{'sup': '2', 'Ris methoxy.'}10. The contrast agent of wherein:{'sup': '2', 'Ris nitro.'}11. The contrast agent of wherein:{'sup': '1', 'Ris cyclohexylene.'}12. The contrast agent of wherein:{'sup': 1', '2, 'at least one of Rand Rcomprises a targeting moiety that can target a region of interest in a subject.'}13. The contrast agent of wherein:the targeting moiety is selected from proteins, enzymes, peptides, antibodies, and drugs.14. The contrast agent of wherein:Mn is a positron emitting manganese isotope.15. The contrast agent of wherein:the contrast agent has a higher relaxivity when n=2.16. The contrast agent of wherein:the compound is convertible in vivo from the Formula (I) wherein n=3 to the Formula (I) wherein n=2.17. The contrast agent of wherein:the compound is convertible in vivo by a biological reducing agent from the Formula (I) wherein n=3 to the Formula (I) wherein n=2.18. The contrast agent of wherein:the biological reducing agent is glutathione.19. The contrast agent of further comprising:a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier including ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SEALANT

A method for producing a sealant includes a weighing and mixing step, a kneading step, a stirring and defoaming step, and a filling step. In the weighing and mixing step, a main component and a curing agent are weighed and mixed together. In the kneading step, the mixture mixed in the weighing and mixing step is kneaded. In the stirring and defoaming step, the kneaded product kneaded in the kneading step is stirred and defoamed. In the filling step, the kneaded product defoamed in the stirring and defoaming step is filled into a container. In the stirring and defoaming step, the kneaded product is stirred under a condition wherein a stirring rotational speed at which the kneaded product is stirred and a stirring time for which the kneaded product is stirred are within a range from a product lower limit value to a product upper limit value. 1. A method for producing a sealant , comprising:a weighing and mixing step in which a main component and a curing agent are weighed out and mixed together;a kneading step in which the mixture mixed in the weighing and mixing step is kneaded;a stirring and defoaming step in which the kneaded product kneaded in the kneading step is stirred and defoamed; anda filling step in which the kneaded product defoamed in the stirring and defoaming step is filled into a container,wherein, in the stirring and defoaming step,the kneaded product is stirred under a condition in which a product of a stirring rotational speed at which the kneaded product is stirred and a stirring time for which the kneaded product is stirred is within a range from a product lower limit value to a product upper limit value that are predetermined according to a stirring amount of the kneaded product.2. The method for producing a sealant according to claim 1 ,wherein the product lower limit value and the product upper limit value are set so that the stirring time is within a range from an upper limit value to a lower limit value of the preset stirring time.3. The ...

Manganese Oxide Compositions and their Use as Electrodes for Aqueous Phase Energy Storage Devices

A composition and method of preparation of mixed valence manganese oxide, nickel-doped mixed valence manganese oxide and cobalt-doped mixed valence manganese oxide nanoparticles as well as tri-manganese tetroxide, nickel-doped tri-manganese tetroxide and cobalt-doped tri-manganese tetroxide nanoparticles for use as electrodes for aqueous energy storage devices.

ANIONIC CHELATE COMPOUNDS

The invention provides compounds suitable for use as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The compounds of the present invention are manganese (II) complexes having advantageous properties as compared with similar known compounds. 2. The compound as defined in wherein Ris Calkyl.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The compound as defined in wherein Ris —(CH)—C(═O)—NRR.6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein n is 4.10. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each X is —C(═O)—NRR.11. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each X is —NH—C(═O)—R.12. The compound as defined in claim 1 , wherein each anionic substituent comprises a group selected from carboxylate claim 1 , sulfonate claim 1 , phosphate and phosphonate.13. The compound as defined in wherein each anionic substituent comprises carboxylate.14. The compound as defined in wherein said carboxylate is linked to the amide nitrogen via —CH—.15. The compound as defined in wherein each anionic substituent comprises sulfonate.16. The compound as defined in wherein said sulfonate is linked to the amide nitrogen via —CH—CH—.17. The compound as defined in wherein each anionic substituent is tetrazole claim 1 , thiazolidindione claim 1 , nitromethylsulfonylphenyl claim 1 , 4-nitrothiophenol claim 1 , nitromethylcarboxyphenyl claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,4-dinitrophenol claim 1 , or malonitrile.18. (canceled)19. The compound as defined in wherein m is 0.20. The compound as defined in wherein each anionic substituent has a pKa less than physiological pH.21. (canceled)22. (canceled)23. The compound as defined in wherein each of said anionic substituents is over 90% anionic at physiological pH.24. (canceled)25. (canceled)27. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of Formula I as defined in together with a biocompatible carrier in a form suitable for mammalian administration.28. (canceled)29. (canceled)30. A method comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM ...

METHODS AND COMPOUNDS FOR ENHANCING CONTRAST IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI)

The present application relates to methods and compounds for enhancing contrast in magnetic resonance imaging. The methods comprise administering compounds of Formula I(a) or I(b) to a subject and obtaining a magnetic resonance image of the subject. The present application also relates to methods of preparing compounds of the Formula I(a) as well as intermediate compounds used in such a method of preparation. 2. The compound of Formula I(a) or the hydrate thereof according to claim 1 , wherein M is Mn or Gd claim 1 , when M is Mn claim 1 , m is 2 and when M is Gd claim 1 , m is 3.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein G is a targeting group and the method comprises obtaining a magnetic resonance image of a site in the subject that the targeting group targets.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein G is a fluorescent probe and the method further comprises obtaining a fluorescence image of the subject. The present application claims the benefit of priority from co-pending U.S. provisional application No. 62/174,752 filed on Jun. 12, 2015, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.The present application relates to methods and compounds for enhancing contrast in magnetic resonance imaging. The present application also relates to bifunctional contrast agents, methods for their use and preparation as well as to intermediate compounds used in such a method of preparation.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly important in the detection, diagnosis and monitoring of diseases due, for example to the flexibility of the method, and the detail of the images produced. For example, this non-invasive technique produces 2- and 3-D images with sub-mm spatial resolution, without the use of ionizing radiation.The majority of the 1.5 million MRI scans presently performed in Canada each year involve the use of contrast agents; compounds containing paramagnetic metal ions which enhance the contrast, for example, between healthy and diseased ...

Treatment of manganese-containing materials

An improved method for treating manganese-containing materials, such as seafloor manganese nodules, by leaching with aqueous HNO 3 and NO gas, and more particularly to methods for recovering valuable constituents from such nodules, especially manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron, and copper. It also provides a method to leach manganese material to release the titanium, vanadium, cerium, molybdenum and other metals from the manganese oxides and to make them available to be recovered.

METHOD OF PRODUCING RESIN COMPOSITE WITH REQUIRED THERMAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TO FORM A DURABLE WELL SEAL IN APPLICATIONS

Provided herein are methods of formulating a sealant to span an opening and form a seal with surfaces across the opening including selecting a fluid material capable of contacting and adhering to the surface of the opening and which reacts to form a solid material as a result of a thermal reaction, and selecting and intermixing one or more solids with the fluid material to form a composite, wherein the composite cures from a fluid to a solid and bond to the surfaces of the opening and the change in volume of the composite as the temperature thereof changes during curing is insufficient to cause it to pull away from the surfaces of the opening or fail internally. 19-. (canceled)10. A method of sealing an opening in a well bore , comprising:predicting or determining an ambient temperature at the location of the well bore to be sealed; selecting a fluid material which undergoes an exothermic reaction to change the composite sealant from a fluid to a solid state; and', 'selecting and intermixing one or more solids with the fluid material to form the composite sealant, wherein the composite sealant has at least one of the following properties:', 'a thermal expansion factor of 45 or less;', 'an exothermic factor of 1.1 or less;', 'a heat flow factor of 5.5 or less;', 'a heat duration factor of 55 or less; and', 'a set time/cool down factor of 1.0 or less, wherein;', 'the resulting composite sealant can be located at the sealing location in the well bore before hardening of the composite sealant into the solid state., 'formulating, based at least in part on an available delivery system for a sealant to seal the well at a sealing location thereof, the distance of the sealing location from a mixing location thereof, and the well bore temperature at the sealing location thereof, a composite sealant, the formulating of the composite sealant further comprising11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:selecting the fluid material and the solids based on the wettability, ...

Method for Increasing Recycled Manganese Content

Methods of recycling batteries are provided, in which reaction conditions and elements are designed to maximize manganese recovery while minimizing zinc and potassium impurities in the recovered manganese. Methods of treating waste solution created by washing the manganese, so as to remove zinc from the waste solution, are also provided. Batteries prepared via such methods are also provided. 1. A process for removing potassium from an aqueous solution , comprising: 'wherein the iron:potassium ratio is no greater than about 20:1.', 'a) reacting potassium sulfate with ferric sulfate so as to form potassium jarosite,'}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the iron:potassium ratio is no greater than about 15:1 claim 1 , or is about 11.5:1.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction occurs at a pH of about 1.8 to about 2.0.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution is a sulfuric acid solution.5. A battery produced using the process of .6. A process for reducing the amount of fresh water required to recycle a plurality of batches of recovered battery material claim 1 , comprising:a) contacting manganese oxide solids comprising zinc and impurities with an acidic solution, so as to produce a waste solution comprising impurities;b) raising the pH of the waste solution to at least 9.0 so as to cause a portion of the impurities to precipitate;c) removing precipitated impurities; andd) after removing the precipitated impurities, using the waste solution to wash additional recovered battery material;wherein the impurities comprise zinc or potassium impurities.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein in part b) the pH is raised to at least 10.0.8. The process of claim 6 , wherein in part b) the pH is raised by adding NaOH.9. The process of claim 6 , further comprising reducing the pH of the waste solution prior to part d).10. The process of claim 6 , wherein the acidic solution is a sulfuric acid solution.11. A battery produced using the process of .12. A process for ...

SUBSTITUTED RAMSDELLITE MANGANESE DIOXIDES IN AN ALKALINE ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

Substituted ramsdellite manganese dioxide (R—MnO) compounds are provided, where a portion of the Mn is replaced by at least one alternative cation, or a portion of the O is replaced by at least one alternative anion. Electrochemical cells incorporating substituted R—MnOinto the cathode, as well as methods of preparing the substituted R—MnO, are also provided. 1. Substituted R—MnO , having at least one alternate cation substituted for a portion of the Mn or at least one alternate anion substituted for a portion of the O.2. The substituted R—MnOof claim 1 , having the formula (LiA)(MnM)OAS claim 1 , wherein x≤0.5 claim 1 , v≤0.1 claim 1 , z≤0.10 claim 1 , and t≤w≤0.2 claim 1 , wherein M is the alternate cation claim 1 , wherein A is an alkali metal claim 1 , and wherein AS is the alternate anion claim 1 , and is S claim 1 , F claim 1 , N claim 1 , a halogen claim 1 , or any element that can be isoelectronic to O claim 1 , if present.3. The substituted R—MnOof claim 1 , having the formula (LiA)(MnM1M2)OAS claim 1 , wherein 0<(x+y)≤0.5 claim 1 , v≤0.1 claim 1 , z≤0.10 claim 1 , and t≤w≤0.2 claim 1 , wherein M1 and M2 are each an alternate cation claim 1 , wherein M1 is different from M2 claim 1 , wherein A is an alkali metal claim 1 , and wherein AS is S claim 1 , F claim 1 , N claim 1 , a halogen claim 1 , or any element that can be isoelectronic to O claim 1 , if present.4. The substituted R—MnOof claim 2 , wherein z≤0.05.5. (canceled)6. The substituted R—MnOof claim 1 , wherein each alternate cation claim 1 , if present claim 1 , is selected from the group consisting of Al claim 1 , B claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ga claim 1 , Li claim 1 , Nb claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , V claim 1 , and Zn claim 1 , and A is selected from the group consisting of Na claim 1 , K claim 1 , Rb claim 1 , and Cs.7. (canceled)8. A primary alkaline electrochemical cell claim 1 , comprising:a) a container; andb) an electrode ...

Porous manganese oxide nanoparticles and method for preparing the same

The disclosure relates to porous manganese oxide nanoparticles which include flocculated primary nanoparticles, with air pores formed between the primary nanoparticles. Unlike in the prior art, the porous manganese oxide nanoparticles of the disclosure have 6 nm or less MnO 2 primary nanoparticles and Mn 3 O 4 primary nanoparticles uniformly mixed and flocculated, exhibiting a 16 times higher specific surface area as compared with the conventional manganese oxide particles and superior storage characteristics and stability.

EVALUATION OF PRESENCE OF AND VULNERABILITY TO ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND OTHER INDICATIONS USING MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-BASED IMAGING

The invention provides, in some embodiments, methods relating to assessing increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF), and/or the likelihood of responding to particular AF therapies using imaging agents comprising an MMP inhibitor linked to an imaging moiety. The invention further provides methods for evaluating the presence of the risk of developing other cardiovascular conditions and assessing the effectiveness of treatment or other intervention for such conditions by determining MMP levels.

POTASSIUM HEXAFLUOROMANGANATE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING MANGANESE-ACTIVATED COMPLEX FLUORIDE FLUORESCENT BODY

A potassium hexafluoromanganate is represented by General Formula: KMnF, and a diffuse reflectance with respect to light having a wavelength of 310 nm is 20% or more. 1. Potassium hexafluoromanganate ,{'sub': 2', '6, 'where the potassium hexafluoromanganate is represented by General Formula: KMnF, and'}a diffuse reflectance with respect to light having a wavelength of 310 nm is 20% or more.2. The potassium hexafluoromanganate according to claim 1 , whereina diffuse reflectance with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is 55% or more.3. A method for producing a manganese-activated complex fluoride phosphor claim 1 , the method comprising dissolving the potassium hexafluoromanganate according to in a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution.4. A method for producing a manganese-activated complex fluoride phosphor claim 2 , the method comprising dissolving the potassium hexafluoromanganate according to in a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution. The present disclosure relates to potassium hexafluoromanganate and a method for producing a manganese-activated complex fluoride phosphor.Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are widely used in image display devices, display backlights, lighting, and the like. In an image display device using an LED, an LED having a blue light emitting diode and a yellow phosphor is generally used. In recent years, due to the demand for higher color rendering of image display devices, green phosphors and red phosphors have come to be used in combination instead of yellow phosphors.Phosphors generally have a structure in which an element serving as a luminescence center is solid-dissolved in a host crystal. Examples of red phosphors include a complex fluoride phosphor in which Mn is solid-dissolved as a luminescence center in a host crystal composed of complex fluoride. Examples of the complex fluoride phosphor include a manganese-activated complex fluoride phosphor (hereinafter, also referred to as a KSF phosphor) represented by General Formula KSiF: ...

Reconstruction stabilizer and active vision

A method for stabilizing the reconstruction of an imaged volume is presented The method includes the step of performing an analysis of the reliability of reconstruction of a radioactive-emission density distribution of the volume from radiation detected over a specified set of views, and defining modifications to the reconstruction process and/or data collection process to improve the reliability of reconstruction, in accordance with the analysis.

Processo para preparação de um catalisador de complexo de manganês

一种流体分布器、制备方法及其用途

本发明涉及到一种流体分布器，由支撑板及其上加工的流体通道组成，支撑板上表面包含非水平面。该流体分布器可由金属材料、高分子材料以及无机非金属材料一种及其组合经过铸造、旋压、挤压、冲压、冲孔、冲切、锻压、磨削、切削、焊接、热压、烧结、真空烧结、无压烧结、气氛烧结、热压烧结、3D打印、注射成型、激光切割、喷砂加工、喷水切割和/或热切割中的一种及其组合加工而成，用于流体进入另一种物质，以提高流体与物质的混合、扩散、输送以及能量的传递和/或转移的效率。

Chiral manganese-triazanonane complexes and process for their preparation

Chiral manganese-triazanonane complexes and process for their preparation

Chiral manganese-triazanonane complexes of formula ÄMnu(L)v(OR)w( mu O)x( mu OAc)yÜX2 (I) are new. u, v = 1 or 2; w, x, y = 0-3; z = 1-3 with the proviso that a) when u = 1, then v = 1, w = 1, 2 or 3 and z = 1, 2 or 3; b) when u = 2, then (i) v = 2, w = 0 or 1, x = 1, y = 2 and z = 1 or 2; (ii) v =2, w = 0 or 1, x = 1, y = 2 and z = 2 or 3; or (iii) v = 2, w = 0 or 1, x = 3, y = 0 and z = 1 or 2; R = 1-12C alkyl; X = PF6<->, F<->, Cl<->, Br<->, I<->, (C6H5)B<-> or ClO4<->; L = a chiral triazanonane ligand of formula (II); R1-R12 = H, R, 3-12C cycloalkyl, 1-12C (sic) alkenyl, OR, 1-12C acyloxy, Ar, heteroaryl, CH2Ar, COOH, COOR, COOAr, CN, halo, trihalomethyl, NH2, NHR, N(R)2, NHAr, NAr2, N-alkylaryl, SR, SOR, SO2R or P(R)2; R = independently 1-12C alkyl; Ar = aryl; R13-R15 = H, R, CH2Ar, Ar or heteroaryl.

一种流体分布器、制备方法及其用途

本发明涉及到一种流体分布器，由支撑板及其上加工的流体通道组成，支撑板上表面包含非水平面。该流体分布器可由金属材料、高分子材料以及无机非金属材料一种及其组合经过铸造、旋压、挤压、冲压、冲孔、冲切、锻压、磨削、切削、焊接、热压、烧结、真空烧结、无压烧结、气氛烧结、热压烧结、3D打印、注射成型、激光切割、喷砂加工、喷水切割和/或热切割中的一种及其组合加工而成，用于流体进入另一种物质，以提高流体与物质的混合、扩散、输送以及能量的传递和/或转移的效率。

Manufacture of positive active material for nonaqueous battery

Manufacture of positive electrode for alkaline battery

β−二酸化マンガンの製法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

非水電解液電池

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。