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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 5116. Отображено 100.
16-02-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for electrochemical modification of liquid streams

Номер: US20120037496A1
Автор: George Stejic, Patrick Ismail James
Принадлежит: Blue Planet Strategies LLC

An apparatus for electrochemical modification of liquid streams employing an electrolytic cell having an oxidation site defined by an anode, an anode compartment comprising liquid electrolyte anolyte where oxidation is effected, a cathode compartment comprising liquid electrolyte catholyte where reduction is effected, a cathode comprising conducting cathode particulates forming a cathode particulates bed and a current feeder device in at least intermittent contact with said cathode particulates where the cathode particulates are in motion and the particulates motion is substantially independent of bulk electrolyte flow, a separator which confines the cathode particulates to the cathode compartment, constrains electrolyte flow through the cathode particulates bed and permits ionic conduction of current between the anode and cathode, a cathode particulates conveyance system arranged to manipulate cathode particulates motion including a magnetic subsystem having at least one source of magnetic field arranged to interact with cathode particulates via magnetic field interaction.

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Номер записи: 1
12-07-2012 дата публикации

Method of sterilizing water

Номер: US20120175272A1
Автор: Chil-Young Kim
Принадлежит: Individual

A method of sterilizing water that includes: immersing at least one electrode unit having a negative electrode within a container and a positive electrode within the container, the positive electrode separated from and facing the negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode has a plurality of negative electrode projections thereon, and the positive electrode has a plurality of positive electrode projections thereon, each positive electrode projection arranged to face and be aligned with each negative electrode projection one by one; and, supplying direct current by at least one power supply to the electrode unit immersed under the water.

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Номер записи: 2
11-10-2012 дата публикации

Method and device for determining the concentration of oxidizing agent(s) in an aqueous solution

Номер: US20120255876A1
Автор: Michael Schelch, Robert Hermann, Wolfgang Staber, Wolfgang Wesner
Принадлежит: Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion GmbH and Co KG

In a method and a device for determining the concentration of one or more oxidizing agents in an aqueous solution flowing in a main stream, a partial flow of the aqueous solution is diverted to a bypass, wherein the difference between the potential of the aqueous solution before and after at least partial and/or selective breakdown of any oxidizing agents is measured. The bypass is for diverting and returning the partial flow of the aqueous solution, and has at least one elimination unit through which the aqueous solution flows for at least partial and/or selective breakdown of the oxidizing agent(s), and two measuring electrodes for determining the difference between the potentials of the aqueous solution before and after it passes through the elimination unit.

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Номер записи: 3
03-01-2013 дата публикации

Drop-in cell for electrolytic purification of water

Номер: US20130001071A1
Автор: Michael Schelch, Robert Hermann, Wolfgang Staber, Wolfgang Wesner
Принадлежит: PRO AQUA DIAMANTELEKTRODEN PRODUCKTION & CO KG GmbH, Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion GmbH and Co KG

A drop-in cell for the electrolytic purification of water, for example bathwater or service water, with an electrolysis cell that can carry a flow of water, is built into an oblong, e.g., cylindrical, electrically insulating sheath or jacket, and has two contact electrodes mutually positioned a distance apart from each other. A float is situated at least at the one end region of the jacket.

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Номер записи: 4
02-05-2013 дата публикации

BALLAST WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM USING A HIGH EFFICIENT ELECTROLYZING APPARATUS

Номер: US20130105375A1
Автор: Kim Chung-il, Lee Gwang-hyun, Lee Hwan-koo, Sohn Young-Jun, Song Jae-kyung, Song Yeong-deok
Принадлежит: AQUA ENG. CO., LTD.

Disclosed is a ballast water treatment system to remove or eradicate various aquatic organisms or microbes remaining ballast water. A water treatment tube manufactured in a filter type is primarily installed to apply physical shock to aquatic organisms having the size of 50 μm or more by modifying the flow of the ballast water to remove or damage aquatic organisms, so that the life power of the aquatic organisms is weakened. Secondarily, a high efficiency electrolysis device employing dual negative electrodes is installed to generate chlorine, so that the remaining aquatic organisms or remaining microbes are completely eradicated. In order to completely eradicate ocean organisms, the ballast water treatment system includes a neutralizing device capable of returning the ballast water to the similar natural sea water by processing remaining chlorine components excessively produced. 1. A ballast water treatment system using a highly efficient electrolysis device , the ballast water treatment system comprising:{'b': '40', 'a filter-type water treatment tube () installed on an inlet pipe of ballast water to apply physical shock to aquatic organisms or microbes by changing flow of the ballast water, so that the aquatic organisms or the microbes are killed or life power of the aquatic organisms or the microbes are weakened;'}{'b': 10', '40, 'an electrolysis vessel () installed on a pipe provided at an output side of the filter-type water treatment tube () and completely eradicating remaining aquatic organisms or remaining microbes by generating chlorine through an electrolysis device used for treatment of ballast water and employing dual negative electrodes; and'}{'b': 50', '10, 'a neutralizing device () which neutralizes chlorine remaining in the ballast water, which is discharged from the electrolysis vessel () through a ballast tank, by using a neutralizing agent and discharges the ballast water,'}{'b': 40', '41', '40', '10, 'wherein the filter-type water treatment tube ...

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Номер записи: 5
06-06-2013 дата публикации

DIRECT CONTACT CELL

Номер: US20130140245A1
Автор: Themy Constantinos Dean
Принадлежит: Neohydro Corp.

A direct contact cell is useful for the purification of water and sterilization of organics and inorganics used in water purification systems, such as waste water reuse. Specifically, this direct contact cell is useful for the treatment of flow back and produced waters in the oil and gas industry and also the mining industry, for the destruction of pathogens, heavy metals, suspended solids, iron, cyanide fats and organic material. The direct contact electrolytic cell allows a single passage through the cell to handle flow rates of up to 42 gallons per minute. The cell provides a plurality of separate anodes disposed with the cell and cathodes in front of and behind the anodes and can be operated at high voltages. 1. A direct contact cell for water purification , comprising:an inlet port for injection of waste water;a plurality of anodes, wherein the plurality of anodes are separated from each other by a predetermined distance;one or more cathodes, wherein the plurality of anodes and the one or more cathodes are positioned such that all waste water must pass through a gap between at least one anode and at least one adjacent cathode, and wherein the plurality of anodes and the one or more cathodes produce a voltage between them that electrolyzes the waste water; andan outlet port for collection of purified water.2. The direct contact cell of claim 1 , wherein the anodes and the cathodes are non-sacrificial.3. The direct contact cell of claim 1 , wherein the anodes comprise a combination of noble metals.4. The direct contact cell of claim 1 , wherein the anodes comprise a titanium substrate having an upper surface and having layers of platinum claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , and niobium foils fused to the upper surface.5. The direct contact cell of . wherein the anodes comprise rectangular bar shaped members6. The direct contact cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathodes comprise a noble metal.7. The direct contact cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathodes comprise stainless ...

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Номер записи: 6
11-07-2013 дата публикации

ODOR TREATMENT DEVICE FOR SEPTIC TANKS

Номер: US20130175210A1
Автор: AHN Hea Young, Kim Jin Sung, LEE Tae Haeng, SONG Ji Hyeon
Принадлежит:

An odor treatment device for septic tanks, including an electrolytic oxidation module that has one or multiple electrode sets and processes odor precursors or organic matters that cause odor from organic wastewater and excretion flow inside by an electrolytic oxidation reaction; a supply line through which the excretion is supplied from a septic tank to the electrolytic oxidation module; a circulation line through which the organic wastewater and excretion with the odor precursors and organic matters processed by the electrolytic oxidation module are circulated back to the septic tank; a circulation pump that is disposed in the supply line and continuously circulates the organic wastewater and excretion; a direct current power supply unit that supplies direct current to the electrode sets of the electrolytic oxidation module; and a pump power supply unit that supplies power to the circulation pump. 1. An odor treatment device for septic tanks , comprising:an electrolytic oxidation module that has one or multiple electrode sets and processes odor precursors or organic matters that cause odor from organic wastewater and excretion flow inside by an electrolytic oxidation reaction;a supply line through which the organic wastewater is supplied from a septic tank to the electrolytic oxidation module;a circulation line through which the wastewater with the odor precursors and organic matters processed by the electrolytic oxidation module is circulated back to the septic tank;a circulation pump that is disposed in the supply line and continuously circulates the organic wastewater;a direct current power supply unit that supplies power to the electrode sets of the electrolytic oxidation module; anda pump power supply unit that supplies power to the circulation pump.2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a central control unit that controls the direct current power supply unit and the pump power supply unit.3. The device of claim 2 , further comprising an odor sensor ...

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Номер записи: 7
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Method for managing the reversal frequency of an electrochemical reactor

Номер: US20130193080A1
Автор: Patrice Coquelle, Philippe Grard
Принадлежит: POOL TECHNOLOGIE

The method for managing the polarity-reversal frequency of at least one pair of electrodes in an electrochemical reactor for water electrolysis includes observing a fluctuation in the hydrogen potential (pH) of the water, while carrying out a comparison of the pH measured at a given moment with a previous measurement or a predetermined initial value. An amount of treatment agent is injected into the water to adjust the pH to around a defined set point. The polarity-reversal frequency of electrodes is calculated on the basis of the temperature of the water, the pH fluctuation and amount of agent injected. The method includes estimating the total alkali strength on the basis of the injected amount and the pH fluctuation, anticipating the fluctuations in the pH relative to the preceding estimations, and readjusting complete alkalinity titration estimate and calculation of the polarity-reversal frequency.

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Номер записи: 8
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Apparatus for Producing and Delivering Ozonated Water

Номер: US20130206604A1
Автор: Booth Jeffrey D., Boudreau Donald J., Federico Richard A., Lauder Nicholas R., Lutz Carl David, Roster William, Zarrin Hossein
Принадлежит: ELECTROLYTIC OZONE INC.

An apparatus has a tank with an interior for containing water, a nozzle for directing ozonated water out of the spray apparatus, and an electrolytic cell located between the nozzle and the tank. The electrolytic cell is configured to ozonate water as the water flows from the tank to the nozzle. The apparatus also includes a power source for providing electric potential to the electrolytic cell. The tank, nozzle, and electrolytic cell all are part of a single spray bottle or dispenser (e.g., like a soap dispenser). 1. A system for dispensing ozonated water , the system comprising:a tank having an interior for containing water;a nozzle for releasing ozonated water from the system;a current source having a current output;an electrolytic cell located between the nozzle and the tank, the electrolytic cell electrically coupled to the current output, and configured to ozonate water as the water flows from the tank to the nozzle;a cell monitoring circuit configured to monitor the voltage provided by the current source to the electrolytic cell when the electrolytic cell is ozonating water, and configured to determine the operational status of operation of the electrolytic cell based on that voltage; anda status indicator configured to indicate to a user the operational status of operation of the electrolytic cell.2. The system for dispensing ozonated water according to claim 1 , wherein the cell monitoring circuit is further configured to determine the lifetime status of the electrolytic cell claim 1 , and the status indicator is further configured to conditionally indicate to the user that the electrolytic cell is nearing the end of its useful life.3. The system for dispensing ozonated water according to claim 1 , wherein the status indicator comprises an ozone production light claim 1 , and the monitoring circuit is configured to illuminate the ozone production light when the monitoring circuit determines that electrolytic cell is operating to ozonate water.4. The system ...

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Номер записи: 9
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Hub and removable cartridge for producing and delivering ozonated water

Номер: US20130206654A1
Автор: Brian Arena, Carl David Lutz, Donald J. Boudreau, Hossein Zarrin, Jeffrey D. Booth, Nicholas R. Lauder, Richard A. Federico, William Roster
Принадлежит: Electrolytic Ozone Inc

An apparatus has a hub including a water inlet for receiving source water, a water outlet for discharging ozonated water, and an interface between the water inlet and the water outlet. The apparatus also has a cartridge including an electrolytic cell for ozonating the source water. The electrolytic cell has a cathode, an anode comprising diamond, and a membrane between the cathode and the anode. The electrolytic cell is configured to flow source water through both the cathode and the anode. The cartridge further includes at least one cartridge port for removably coupling with the interface on the hub. The at least one cartridge port and the interface are configured to flow source water from the hub into the electrolytic cell and to flow ozonated water from the electrolytic cell into the hub.

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Номер записи: 10
10-10-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING DRINKING WATER

Номер: US20130264291A1
Автор: Itzhak David
Принадлежит:

A method for chlorination of drinking water, comprising providing a main water stream flowing through a main water pipe at a volumetric flow rate of not less than 30 m3/hour, splitting off a portion of said main water stream to form a side water stream flowing through a side pipe, passing said side water stream through a plurality of electrolysis modules at a linear velocity of not less than 0.35 m/s, wherein each electrolysis module comprises at least one anode and one cathode, electrolyzing the side water stream, and directing the resultant electrolyzed side water stream, which contains free chlorine, back to the main stream. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed. 1) A method for chlorination of drinking water , comprising providing a main water stream flowing through a main water pipe at a volumetric flow rate of not less than 30 m/hour , splitting off a portion of said main water stream to form a side water stream flowing through a side pipe , passing said side water stream through a plurality of electrolysis modules at a linear velocity of not less than 0.35 m/s , wherein each electrolysis module comprises at least one anode and one cathode , electrolyzing the side water stream , and directing the resultant electrolyzed side water stream , which contains free chlorine , back to the main stream.2) A method according to claim 1 , wherein the side pipe comprises two non-contiguous sections claim 1 , an upstream inlet section and a downstream outlet section claim 1 , wherein the electrolysis modules are hydraulically connected in series and positioned between said sections.3) A method according to claim 1 , wherein the linear velocity of the side water stream in between 0.5-2.0 m/s.4) A method according to claim 1 , wherein the salinity of the side water stream prior to electrolysis is the natural salinity.5) A method according to claim 4 , wherein the salinity of the side water stream prior to electrolysis is between 70 and 400 mg/liter.6) A ...

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Номер записи: 11
17-10-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR WATER SANITISATION

Номер: US20130270193A1
Автор: Palmer Ross Leslie
Принадлежит: POOLRITE RESEARCH PTY LTD

A method of sanitising swimming pool water including forming a matrix comprising one or more insoluble metal salts adjacent an at least one anode and/or an at least one cathode of an electrolytic cell. When water from the pool is passed through the active electrolytic cell the presence of the matrix of insoluble metal salts enhances the generation of active oxygen species which results in sanitisation of the swimming pool water. 132-. (canceled)33. A method of sanitising swimming pool water including the steps of:(a) providing an electrolytic cell having a flow inlet to allow water from the swimming pool to enter the cell, and a flow path having at least one anode and at least one cathode located within the flow path and a flow outlet to allow water exiting the cell to be returned to the swimming pool;(b) forming a matrix comprising one or more insoluble metal salts adjacent a substantial portion of the at least one anode and/or the at least one cathode;(c) placing the electrolytic cell comprising the matrix within a flow of water from the swimming pool; and(d) passing the swimming pool water, via the flow inlet, through the flow path to thereby generate active oxygen species and sanitise the swimming pool water.34. The method of wherein the one or more insoluble metal salts comprise a metal carbonate and/or a metal hydroxide and/or a metal oxide.35. The method of wherein the one or more insoluble metal salts are selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate claim 34 , calcium carbonate claim 34 , beryllium carbonate claim 34 , magnesium hydroxide claim 34 , calcium hydroxide claim 34 , beryllium hydroxide claim 34 , magnesium oxide claim 34 , calcium oxide and beryllium oxide.36. The method of wherein the one or more insoluble metal salts are substantially comprised of calcium carbonate and/or magnesium carbonate.37. The method of wherein the matrix is in direct contact with the at least one anode and/or at least one cathode.38. The method of wherein ...

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Номер записи: 12
17-10-2013 дата публикации

MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION FOR THE DISINFECTION TREATMENT OF WATER, AND USE OF THIS COMPOSITION

Номер: US20130270195A1
Автор: Massel Arnaud
Принадлежит: Compagnie Des Salins Du Midi Et Des Salines De L'Est

A composition for disinfection treatment of swimming pool water by electrochlorination, composition including an alkali chloride and a metasilicate and optionally a chlorine stabilizing agent, for stabilizing against ultraviolet radiation, the use of a composition of this type, and a method involving a composition of this type. 1. A composition for disinfection treatment of swimming pool water by electrochlorination , wherein the composition consists of:an alkali choloride;a metasilicate;optionally, a chlorine stabilizing agent and/or a dye.2. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein a chlorine stabilizing agent is present.3. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the metasilicate is a sodium metasilicate.4. A composition according to claim 3 , wherein the quantity of sodium metasilicate pentahydrate is 0.10% to 1.0%.5. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the chlorine stabilizing agent is isocyanuric acid.6. A composition according to claim 5 , wherein the quantity of isocyanuric acid is 0.3% to 1.0%.7. A composition according to claim 1 , in the solid form.8. (canceled)9. A method of treating swimming pool water by electrochlorination in order to carry out a disinfecting claim 1 , anti-corrosion and anti-limescale action and optionally a chlorine stabilizing claim 1 , anti-algae and/or anti-staining action claim 1 , comprising a step of adding a composition according to claim 1 , to the water.10. (canceled) The present invention relates to the field of disinfecting swimming pool water by electrochlorination. More particularly, the invention relates to a multi-functional composition and to its use in the treatment of swimming pool water.Water may be disinfected by an in situ electrolytic process using a saline sodium chloride solution in order to produce chlorine that is transformed into hypochlorous acid. Examples of water that can be treated in this manner are bathing water, in particular for swimming pools, industrial cooling water, and urban ...

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Номер записи: 13
17-10-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR REDUCING CONTAMINANTS FROM A PHOTOELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDIZATION APPARATUS THROUGH POLARITY REVERSAL AND METHOD OF OPERATION

Номер: US20130270196A1
Автор: Barry Terence P., Carlson Alan, Doolittle Craig, Winkie Douglas S.
Принадлежит:

A system and method for removing fouling from a photoelectrocatalytic oxidation assembly is provided. The method includes resetting a first counter, increasing the first counter by a first channel increment value, and determining if the value in the first counter exceeds a value corresponding to the number of channels provided in the assembly. If the first counter does not exceed the number of channels, the polarity in a channel associated with the value in the first counter is reversed, and a first timer is reset. If an amount of time in the first timer does not exceed a first time period, the first timer is increased by a first time increment until the time remaining in the first timer exceeds the first time period and the polarity reversal is terminated, returning to the step of increasing the first counter by a first channel increment value. 1. A method for operating a photoelectrocatalytic oxidation assembly for removing fouling from components comprising:resetting a first counter;increasing the first counter by a first channel increment value;determining if the value in the first counter exceeds a value corresponding to the number of channels provided in the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation assembly; reversing polarity in a channel associated with the value in the first counter;', 'resetting a first timer;', 'determining if an amount of time in the first timer exceeds a first time period;', 'increasing the amount of time remaining in the first timer by a first time increment if the amount of time remaining in the first timer does not exceed the first time period;', 'terminating the polarity reversal in the channel associated with the value in the first counter when the time remaining in the first timer exceeds the first time period;', 'returning to the step of increasing the first counter by the first channel increment value; and, 'performing the following steps if the first counter does not exceed a value corresponding to the number of channels provided in the ...

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Номер записи: 14
31-10-2013 дата публикации

ADVANCED ON-SITE WATER SANITIZATION SYSTEM HAVING CHLORINE GENERATION INTEGRATED WITH COPPER/SILVER IONIZATION

Номер: US20130284649A1
Автор: Tucker Daniel Moroni
Принадлежит:

An advanced on-site water sanitization system is taught having integrated chlorine generation and copper/silver ionization in the same unit. The system includes a manifold loop connectable to a water supply line for supplying water to be sanitized from a body of water, and connectable to a water return line for returning sanitized water to the body of water. It also includes a copper/silver ionizer, capable of receiving a flow of water to be sanitized, adding copper and silver ions to the flow of water so as to provide a copper/silver ionized flow of water. A chlorinator is also included, capable of receiving a flow of ionized water, and a flow of chlorine, and allowing the flow of chlorine to mix with the flow of ionized water so as to provide a chlorinated flow of ionized water to the manifold loop to return as sanitized water to the body of water. 1. An advanced on-site water sanitization system , the system comprising:a manifold loop connectable to a water supply line for supplying water to be sanitized from a body of water, and connectable to a water return line for returning sanitized water to the body of water;a copper/silver ionizer, in fluid communication with the manifold loop, capable of receiving a flow of water to be sanitized, adding copper and silver ions to the flow of water so as to provide a copper/silver ionized flow of water; anda chlorinator, in fluid communication with the manifold loop, capable of receiving a flow of ionized water, and a flow of chlorine, and allowing the flow of chlorine to mix with the flow of ionized water so as to provide a chlorinated flow of ionized water to the manifold loop to return as sanitized water to the body of water via the water return line.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the chlorinator is a venturi device capable of sucking the flow of chlorine into the flow of ionized water.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the chlorinator is a T-connector claim 1 , and the flow of chlorine is pumped via the T-connector ...

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Номер записи: 15
14-11-2013 дата публикации

Removing Ammonia From Water

Номер: US20130299434A1
Автор: Davis Andrew, Eckelberry Nicholas, Sanchez Jose
Принадлежит:

A system for removing ammonia from wastewater includes a series of interconnected reactor tubes that each comprise an outer cathode and an inner cathode that is centrally positioned within the outer cathode to form a spacing of between 3 mm and 10 mm through which wastewater may flow. At least one of the reactor tubes includes an inner cathode having a MMO coating. Hypochlorite or another chlorine based element can be supplied to wastewater prior to passing through the reactor tubes. The presence of the hypochlorite within the wastewater and the generation of chlorine by the MMO coated cathode result in an increased level of hypochlorite being present in the wastewater which speeds the breakdown of ammonia. A portion of the wastewater processed through the reactor tubes can be diverted through a feedback path to the input to the reactor tubes to increase the amount of hypochlorite present in the unprocessed wastewater. 1. A system for removing ammonia from wastewater comprising:a plurality of reactor tubes connected in series, each reactor tube comprising an outer cathode and an inner anode being positioned centrally within the outer cathode such that a spacing between 3 mm and 10 mm exists between the outer surface of the anode and the inner surface of the cathode, at least one of the reactor tubes containing an inner anode having a mixed metal oxide (MMO) coating;a pump connected to an input of the plurality of reactor tubes, the pump receiving unprocessed wastewater containing ammonia from a wastewater source and pumping the unprocessed wastewater into and through the series of reactor tubes;a power supply for supplying a voltage differential to the anode and the cathode in each reactor tube thereby causing the generation of chlorine based elements within the unprocessed wastewater as the unprocessed wastewater passes through the reactor tubes, wherein the chlorine based elements interact with the ammonia in the unprocessed wastewater to eliminate the ammonia ...

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Номер записи: 16
23-01-2014 дата публикации

Method and electrolyser for disinfectant production

Номер: US20140021061A1
Автор: Nikolay Nayda, Valeri Iltsenko
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention relates to the chemical engineering for getting useful products from aqueous solution of electrolytes with various concentration by electrolytic method and it can be used for the production of disinfectants widely utilized in medicine, biology, and ecology. This invention solves a task of disinfectant production with the capacity of a single electrolyser amounting to 1200 litres per hour and up to 600 grams of active chlorine per hour by utilizing 3-7 gram sodium chloride (NaCl) for the production of 1 gram of active chlorine on the basis of a reliable and safe hydraulic structure. The main condition for the effective solving of the task is the initial directing of fresh water supply into the internal tubular cathode chamber for the cathode cooling purposes, before the participation in final disinfectant production process. A coolable cathode enables to increase the hold-up time of the electrolyte in the electrode chamber without application of circulation circuits improving significantly the efficiency of sodium chloride utilization. The simplicity of the method makes it possible to increase both the productivity of a single electrolyser and the efficiency of the process.

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Номер записи: 17
30-01-2014 дата публикации

ELECTROLYTIC CELL

Номер: US20140027307A1
Автор: Langdon Alan George, Manikkathiagarajah Hilary Nath Dilrukshan
Принадлежит: WAIKATOLINK LIMITED

The present invention relates to an electrolytic cell, including: at least two electrodes, each electrode including: a first and a second surface; and a number of perforations arranged in a substantially uniform pattern; wherein the electrodes are positioned relative to each other such that: at least one surface of each electrode is opposed to a surface of the other electrode, and a gap is formed between the opposed surfaces of the electrodes; wherein the cell includes at least one electrically insulating layer positioned on the opposing surface of at least one electrode, the insulating layer including a number of perforations aligning with the perforations of the electrode on which it is positioned. 1. An electrolytic cell , comprising: a first and a second surface; and', 'a number of perforations arranged in a substantially uniform pattern;, 'at least two electrodes, each electrode comprising at least one surface of each electrode is opposed to a surface of the other electrode, and', 'a gap is formed between the opposed surfaces of the electrodes;, 'wherein the electrodes are positioned relative to each other such thatat least one insulating layer positioned on the opposing surface of at least one of the electrodes, the insulating layer comprising a number of perforations aligning with the perforations of the electrode on which it is positioned, wherein the thickness of the insulating layer is less than the distance between the opposed surfaces of the electrodes, andwherein the cell is configured such that fluid flow is directed through the perforations of one electrode, between the insulating layer and the surface of the electrode opposed to the surface on which the insulating layer is positioned, and through the perforations of the other electrode.2. An electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gap is between substantially 1 to 100 micrometres.3. An electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gap is between 2 to 4 micrometres.4. An ...

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Номер записи: 18
06-02-2014 дата публикации

Electrolytic chlorinator control

Номер: US20140034562A1
Автор: Peter Ronald Wallace
Принадлежит: ASTRAL POOL AUSTRALIA PTY LTD

A control unit for a swimming pool electrolytic cell. The control unit includes a housing containing a logic module. An electrical connection is provided to connect the logic module to an electrical supply to receive power therefrom. An electrical connection is provided to connect the logic module to electrodes of the cell. A data outlet is provided to send control signals from the logic arrangement to a variable speed pump. The logic module is configured to: selectively supply power to the electrodes to energize the electrodes; and control the output of the pump, when the pump is active, to suit electrolytic chlorination.

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Номер записи: 19
20-02-2014 дата публикации

ELECTROLYSIS BALLAST WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR PREVENTING EXPLODING OF SHIP AND A CONTROL METHOD USING THE SAME

Номер: US20140048493A1
Автор: Han Ki-Hoon, Jeong Gil-Ju, Kim Yang-Gyu, Lee Ji-Hyoung, LEE Tae-Jin
Принадлежит: HYUNDAI HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO., LTD

The present invention relates to a device for treating ballast water using an electrolysis method so as to prevent ship explosions, and to a method for controlling the prevention of ship explosions using same. The device for treating ballast water using an electrolysis method is installed in a ship, wherein the apparatus comprises: a partition wall for separating an explosion danger zone in which a ballast tank is installed, and a safety zone in which the apparatus for treating ballast water is installed; a chlorine-injection tube linearly passing through said partition wall so as to connect the apparatus for treating ballast water to the ballast tank; and a compressor installed in said chlorine-injection tube so as to maintain a positive pressure in said chlorine-injection tube by transferring water into said chlorine-injection tube, even when an operation using the chlorine-injection tube is stopped. 1. A ballast water treatment apparatus using an electrolysis method for preventing explosion of a ship in which the ballast water treatment apparatus is installed , the apparatus comprising:a partition wall partitioning a gas dangerous zone in which a ballast tank is installed and a safety zone in which the ballast water treatment apparatus is installed;a chlorine injection pipe coupling the ballast water treatment apparatus and the ballast tank through the partition wall in a straight line; anda pressure device installed in the chlorine injection pipe and configured to maintain positive pressure in the chlorine injection pipe by making water flow into the chlorine injection pipe although the chlorine injection pipe stops operating.2. The ballast water treatment apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:an on-off valve for controlling a flow of a fluid into the ballast tank is installed in the chlorine injection pipe of the gas dangerous zone, a check valve is installed in the chlorine injection pipe of the safety zone, and the partition wall is interposed between the on-off ...

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Номер записи: 20
27-02-2014 дата публикации

BIPOLAR CELL FOR A REACTOR

Номер: US20140054166A1
Автор: Brandon John Robert, Cullen Paul
Принадлежит: ELEMENT SIX LIMITED

A bipolar cell for a reactor for treatment of electrolyte such as waste water and effluent or for electrosynthesis comprises end electrodes and at least one bipolar electrode therebetween. The or each bipolar electrode comprises a diamond sheet. The cell includes a porous support structure, for example in the form of spacers, a lattice of plastic rods, or a woven mesh, between each end electrode and the adjacent diamond sheet, there being porous support structure between the or each pair of adjacent diamond sheets, the support structures acting to contact or support the or each diamond sheet. 1. A bipolar cell for a reactor , the cell comprising end electrodes and at least one bipolar electrode therebetween , the or each bipolar electrode comprising a diamond sheet , the cell including a porous support structure between each end electrode and the adjacent diamond sheet and , where there is more than one diamond sheet , there being a porous support structure between the or each pair of adjacent diamond sheets , the support structures acting to contact and support the or each diamond sheet.2. A bipolar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each support structure is resilient.3. A bipolar cell as claimed in claim 2 , wherein each support structure comprises a mesh or felt.4. A bipolar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each support structure comprises a body perforated with through channels.5. A bipolar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each support structure comprises a lattice of rods.6. A bipolar cell as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the lattice is arranged so that the rods are at an acute angle to the direction of flow through the cell.7. (canceled)8. A bipolar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the support structures have pores which decrease in size from the inlet to the outlet of the cell.9. An electrode cell for a reactor claim 1 , the cell comprising a cell body and a cassette comprising a plurality of diamond electrode sheets mounted spaced from one ...

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Номер записи: 21
27-02-2014 дата публикации

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATING WATER-CONTAINING SYSTEMS

Номер: US20140054239A1
Автор: Christensen Eric W., Peters Jason, Vineyard Douglas R.
Принадлежит: Blue Earth Labs, LLC

Methods and compositions for improving water quality by reducing chlorine demand, decreasing disinfection by-products and controlling deposits in water systems include adding low concentrations of supplemental oxidants, for example, RE-Ox® to the systems. 1. A method for reducing deposits in a water-containing system or apparatus utilizing an activated sodium hypochlorite solution comprising a plurality of different supplemental oxidants , the method comprising:supplying said activated sodium hypochlorite solution comprising a plurality of different supplemental oxidants to a water-containing system to yield a supplemental oxidant concentration of from 1 to 50 parts per billion in said water-containing system or apparatus.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the water-containing system or apparatus contains potable water.34-. (canceled)5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the activated sodium hypochlorite solution comprising a plurality of different supplemental oxidants has a pH in a range of from about 5 to about 7.5.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said supplying of the activated sodium hypochlorite solution comprising a plurality of different supplemental oxidants to the water-containing system or apparatus is performed after water in said water-containing system or apparatus is disinfected with a primary disinfectant.7. A method according to claim 6 , further comprising supplying a primary disinfectant to the water-containing system or apparatus claim 6 , wherein the supplying of said activated sodium hypochlorite solution comprising a plurality of different supplemental oxidants to the water-containing system or apparatus is performed at the same facility as said supplying of primary disinfectant to the water-containing system or apparatus.8. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising storing said activated sodium hypochlorite solution comprising a plurality of different supplemental oxidants in at least one container claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 22
06-03-2014 дата публикации

ELECTROLYTIC TRANSFORMATION OF WATER CONTAMINANTS

Номер: US20140061061A1
Автор: Alshawabkeh Akram, MAO Xuhui
Принадлежит: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY

Methods and apparatuses to transform contaminants in water by electrolytic processes are described. In some embodiments, the apparatuses and electrolytic processes couple an anode comprising iron and a high specific surface area cathode. Methods and apparatuses described herein provide advantages over conventional apparatuses and methods such as, for example, cost savings, efficiency, environmentally benign impact and versality for a variety contaminants. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the groundwater is from an aquifer claim 1 , cistern claim 1 , well claim 1 , reservoir claim 1 , spring claim 1 , river or lake.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises at least about 90% iron.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the anode comprises at least about 95% iron.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the anode is cast iron claim 1 , iron rod claim 1 , iron plate claim 1 , or scrap iron.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the specific surface area is from about 400 m/mto about 6500 m/m.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the specific surface area is from about 1000 m/mto about 6500 m/m.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the specific surface area is from about 5000 m/mto about 6000 m/m.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises metal foam claim 1 , copper plate or silver plate.10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the cathode comprises copper foam or silver foam.11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the cathode comprises copper foam.12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cathode has a mean pore size of at least about 100 μM.13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the cathode has a mean pore size of at least about 200 μM.14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the contaminants are halogenated organics.15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the conduit is in contact with a groundwater source.16. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the anode and cathode are in contact with a groundwater source.17. The apparatus of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 23
13-03-2014 дата публикации

PLASMA ADVANCED WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS

Номер: US20140069853A1
Автор: Lee Jae Hyeok, Lee Min Ki
Принадлежит: JARWON ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

A plasma advanced water treatment apparatus includes a double pipe having a first passage for treated water and a second passage for radical reaction gas, which are separated from each other; a plasma generating means including electrodes arranged at the first and second passages of the double pipe, and a power supply unit connected with the electrodes; and a water tank connected with the double pipe so that the treated water and a radical generation source react with each other. 1. A plasma advanced water treatment apparatus , comprising:{'b': 10', '11', '13, 'a double pipe () having a first passage (A) for treated water and a second passage (A) for radical reaction gas, which are separated from each other;'}{'b': 20', '23', '25', '11', '13', '10', '21', '23', '25, 'a plasma generating means () including electrodes ( and ) arranged at the first and second passages (A and A) of the double pipe (), and a power supply unit () connected with the electrodes ( and ); and'}{'b': 30', '10, 'a water tank () connected with the double pipe () so that the treated water and a radical generation source react with each other.'}211101711. The plasma advanced water treatment apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first passage (A) of the double pipe () is filled with a plurality of dielectric beads () generating stable potential within the first passage (A) while randomly moving according to a passage of the treated water.3. The plasma advanced water treatment apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:{'b': 11', '13', '11', '13', '10, 'a combined pipe connected with outlets (B and B) of the first passage (A) and the second passage (A) of the double pipe (); and'}a microbubble generating means formed of a pump disposed between the combined pipe and the water tank.4111011131113. The plasma advanced water treatment apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first passage (A) of the double pipe () is an internal passage surrounded by an internal pipe () claim 1 , and the second passage (A) is ...

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Номер записи: 24
06-01-2022 дата публикации

Ballast Water Management System

Номер: US20220002172A1
Автор: NUPNAU Lars
Принадлежит: Evoqua Water Technolgies LLC

Techniques and systems for neutralizing discharge waters from ballast and/or cooling water biocidal treatment and disinfection systems are provided. The systems utilize, inter alia, oxidation reduction potential control to regulate the dechlorination of an electrocatalytically generated biocidal agent to allowable discharge levels in ship buoyancy systems and ship cooling water systems 115.-. (canceled)16. A ballast water management system configured to introduce ballast water into a ballast tank through a ballast water line and to discharge ballast water from the ballast tank after a retention time in the ballast tank , the system comprising:a biocide source configured to introduce a biocide into the ballast water, the biocide source comprising a source of chloride-containing water fluidly connected to an electrolytic cell with at least one anode and at least one cathode, a power supply disposed to supply direct current through at one anode and at least one cathode to generate the biocide, a first controller configured to regulate operation of the electrolytic cell by regulating an applied voltage of the supplied direct current to achieve a target amperage of the direct current;a neutralization system fluidly connected downstream from the ballast tank configured to introduce a neutralizing agent selected to at least partially neutralize the biocidal activity of the biocide into the discharged ballast water;an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) sensor configured to measure an ORP value of the discharged ballast water;a second controller configured to regulate addition of the neutralizing agent to the discharged ballast water in at least one of a first low dichlorination mode, and a second high dichlorination mode.171. The ballast water management system of claim , wherein the biocide source is configured to adjust a flow rate of the chloride-containing water introduced into the electrolytic cell.181. The ballast water management system of claim , further comprising ...

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Номер записи: 25
01-01-2015 дата публикации

PROCESSES AND APPARATUSES FOR REMOVAL OF CARBON, PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN

Номер: US20150001094A1
Автор: Elektorowicz Maria, Ibeid Sharif, Oleszkiewicz Jan
Принадлежит:

There are provided processes for treating wastewater. The processes can comprise treating a mixture comprising the wastewater and an activated sludge, in a single reactor, with an electric current having a density of less than about 55 A/m, by means of at least one anode and at least one cathode that define therebetween an electrical zone for treating the mixture; exposing the mixture to an intermittent ON/OFF electrical exposure mode to the electric current in which an OFF period of time is about 1 to about 10 times longer than an ON period of time; and maintaining an adequate oxidation-reduction potential in the single reactor. Such processes allow for substantial removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater in the single reactor of various forms and for obtaining another mixture comprising a treated wastewater and solids. 3. A process for treating wastewater , said process comprising:{'sup': '2', 'claim-text': 'exposing said mixture to an intermittent ON/OFF electrical exposure mode to said electric current in which an OFF period of time is about 1 to about 20 times longer than an ON period of time; and', 'treating a mixture comprising said wastewater and an activated sludge, in a single reactor, with an electric current having a density of less than about 55 A/m, by means of at least one anode and at least one cathode that define therebetween an electrical zone for treating said mixture, wherein a ratio volume of the electrical zone/total volume of the reactor is about 0.8 or less;'}maintaining an adequate oxidation-reduction potential in the single reactor, thereby allowing for substantial removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from said wastewater in said single reactor and for obtaining another mixture comprising a treated wastewater and a solid.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said electric current has a density of about 5 to about 45 A/m.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said electric current has a density of about 10 to about 35 ...

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Номер записи: 26
07-01-2021 дата публикации

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Номер: US20210002150A1
Автор: KUBO Kie, Makise Ryutaro, MURAYAMA Seiichi, Nakajima Kanako, SHIMURA Naohiko
Принадлежит: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA

A water treatment system includes: a water treatment device; a feed-water pump that feeds water to be treated to the water treatment device; an ozone generator that generates ozone-containing gas containing ozone gas and oxygen gas; and a direct-current power supply that supplies direct-current power. The water treatment device includes: an ejector including an inlet-side wider-diameter part into which the water is introduced, a nozzle in communication with the inlet-side wider-diameter part and including a sidewall including an inlet opening into which the ozone-containing gas is introduced, and an outlet-side wider-diameter part in communication with the nozzle, from which the water mixed with the ozone-containing gas is ejected; and an electrolyzer located downstream of the ejector and including an electrolysis-purpose electrode supplied with the direct-current power to electrolyze the ejected water mixed with the ozone-containing gas. 1. A water treatment system comprising:a water treatment device;a feed-water pump that feeds water to be treated to the water treatment device;an ozone generator that generates ozone-containing gas containing ozone gas and oxygen gas; anda direct-current power supply that supplies direct-current power, wherein the water treatment device comprises: an inlet-side wider-diameter part into which the water is introduced,', 'a nozzle in communication with the inlet-side wider-diameter part and having a sidewall provided with an inlet opening into which the ozone-containing gas is introduced, and', 'an outlet-side wider-diameter part in communication with the nozzle, from which the water mixed with the ozone-containing gas is ejected; and, 'an ejector including'}an electrolyzer located downstream of the ejector and including an electrolysis-purpose electrode supplied with the direct-current power to electrolyze the ejected water mixed with the ozone-containing gas.2. The water treatment system according to claim 1 , comprisinga plurality ...

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Номер записи: 27
07-01-2016 дата публикации

HYDROGEN-CONTAINING WATER GENERATING DEVICE

Номер: US20160002075A1
Автор: IWAI Keisou, SAKAI Suehiro, SHIMOKATU Masayuki
Принадлежит:

According to an aspect of the present invention, a hydrogen-containing water generating device that generates water containing hydrogen includes: a hydrogen-containing water generating electrode that includes a positive electrode being a tubular conductor and including a plurality of openings in a side portion, an insulator provided on an outer peripheral portion of the positive electrode, and a negative electrode being a tubular conductor provided on an outer peripheral portion of the insulator and including a plurality of openings in a side portion; and a light emitting body that is provided at a position of the hydrogen-containing water generating electrode. 1. A hydrogen-containing water generating device that generates water containing hydrogen , comprising:a hydrogen-containing water generating electrode that includes a positive electrode being a tubular conductor and including a plurality of openings in a side portion, an insulator provided on an outer peripheral portion of the positive electrode, and a negative electrode being a tubular conductor provided on an outer peripheral portion of the insulator and including a plurality of openings in a side portion; anda light emitting body that is provided at a position of the hydrogen-containing water generating electrode.2. The hydrogen-containing water generating device according to claim 1 , whereinthe light emitting body extends in a direction in which the negative electrode included in the hydrogen-containing water generating electrode extends, and is provided outside the negative electrode.3. The hydrogen-containing water generating device according to claim 2 , whereinthe light emitting body is wound outside the negative electrode in a spiral manner.4. The hydrogen-containing water generating device according to claim 2 , comprising:a first support that is mounted to a first end portion side of the positive electrode and a first end portion side of the negative electrode, and includes a first installation ...

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Номер записи: 28
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Processes and Methods for Biological Control of Invasive Species in Ballast Water and Treatment of Ballast Water

Номер: US20190002073A1
Автор: Richardson Robert
Принадлежит: ScioTech LLC

A ballast water treatment system for producing treated seawater is described herein that includes: a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is located within a vessel; an inlet for introducing chlorine dioxide into the reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is equipped with one or more turbulence inducing devices configured for inducing turbulence, wherein the turbulence inducing device is a stationary device; a second inlet for the introduction of seawater, into the reaction chamber; and an outlet from the reaction chamber, wherein the treated seawater is returned to a storage facility within the vessel or is returned to the sea. A method of treating ballast seawater for producing treated seawater is also described that includes: providing a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is located within a vessel; providing an inlet for introducing chlorine dioxide into the reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is equipped with one or more turbulence inducing devices configured for inducing turbulence, wherein the turbulence inducing device is a stationary device; providing a second inlet for the introduction of seawater, into the reaction chamber; providing an outlet from the reaction chamber; and treating the seawater with chlorine dioxide, wherein the treated seawater is returned to a storage facility within the vessel or is returned to the sea. 1. A ballast water treatment system for producing treated seawater , comprising:a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is located within a vessel and wherein the reaction chamber is not a storage facility;an inlet for introducing chlorine dioxide into the reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is equipped with one or more turbulence inducing devices configured for inducing turbulence within the reaction chamber, wherein the turbulence inducing device is a stationary device;a second inlet for the introduction of seawater, into the reaction chamber, wherein the seawater is ...

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Номер записи: 29
14-01-2016 дата публикации

Rainwater Capture System and Method

Номер: US20160009568A1
Автор: Howell Jon Marc
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for collecting rainwater may include detecting a flow of rainwater via a flow meter and automatically switching a valve to direct the flow of rainwater through a first tank that may include a measurement system. The measurement system may measure parameters associated with the flow of rainwater. The parameters may include pH level and rainwater clarity, among others. A controller may determine that each of the parameters may have met a respective criterion and automatically switch at least one second valve to re-direct the flow of rainwater to a second tank for holding collected rainwater. Once the rainwater has been collected, it may be considered raw water and the raw water may be circulated periodically through a treatment system prior to filtration and disinfection. 1. A method for collecting rainwater , comprisingdetecting a flow of rainwater via a flow meter;automatically switching, in response to the detecting, a first valve to direct the flow of rainwater through a first tank, wherein the first tank comprises a measurement system;measuring a plurality of parameters of the flow of rainwater via the measurement system, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises pH level and rainwater clarity;determining that each of the plurality of parameters has met a respective criterion based on the measuring; andautomatically switching, in response to the determining, at least one second valve to re-direct the flow of rainwater to a second tank for holding collected rainwater.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second tank comprises a raw water holding tank claim 1 , and wherein the collected rainwater is raw water.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second tank comprises a raw water holding tank claim 1 , and wherein the collected rainwater is raw water claim 1 , and wherein the method further comprises:pumping the raw water through a treatment system;disinfecting the raw water via the treatment system; andreturning the raw water to the raw ...

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Номер записи: 30
14-01-2016 дата публикации

ELECTROLYSIS ELECTRODE

Номер: US20160009574A1
Автор: Cho Kangwoo, Hoffmann Michael R.
Принадлежит:

A water purification anode has a first semiconductor contacting a second semiconductor at a heterojunction. The second semiconductor includes TiOand excludes bismuth and niobium. The first semiconductor includes iridium. In some instances, the anode includes a current collector in direct physical contact with the first semiconductor. The anode can be arranged in water such that at least one face of the second semiconductor is in direct physical contact with the water. 1. A water purification system , comprising: at least one face of the second semiconductor being in direct contact with water that includes organic materials,', {'sub': '2', 'the second semiconductor including TiOand excluding bismuth and niobium, and'}, 'the first semiconductor including iridium., 'an anode having a first semiconductor contacting a second semiconductor at a heterojunction,'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second semiconductor excludes Sb claim 1 , F claim 1 , Cl claim 1 , Sb claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , W claim 1 , Nb claim 1 , and Ta.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second semiconductor excludes dopants.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second semiconductor consists of TiO.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor is in direct contact with a current collector.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor includes oxygen.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the first semiconductor includes one or more stabilizing elements selected from the group consisting of Ta claim 6 , Si claim 6 , Sn claim 6 , Ti claim 6 , Sb claim 6 , and Zr.8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the first semiconductor includes tantalum.9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the first semiconductor consists of iridium claim 8 , tantalum claim 8 , and oxygen.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor excludes bismuth and niobium.11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the first semiconductor excludes dopants.12. The system of claim 1 , wherein hydroxyl radicals are ...

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Номер записи: 31
14-01-2016 дата публикации

MICRO-PLATE ELECTRODE CELL AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20160009575A1
Автор: Aßmann Jens, GÖRTZ Ivonne, Herbstritt Frank, LEONHÄUSER Johannes, RÄMSCH Christian
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to an electrolysis cell for the particularly efficient treatment of wastewater polluted with organic substances by electrooxidative degradation of the wastewater constituents contributing to the chemical oxygen demand, and also its use. 1. An electrolysis cell comprising at least one inlet and at least one outlet for the electrolyte , further comprising a number of planar electrodes provided with openings through which flow can occur , of which at least one is , by means of functional coating , configured as anode having an increased overpotential for the formation of oxygen compared to the standard hydrogen electrode and at least one further electrode is configured as counterelectrode or cathode , which electrodes , on the basis of their polarity , are arranged in an alternating or pairwise alternating sequence to form a stack , further comprising a number of frame elements which in each case are arranged singly between neighbouring electrodes , where the frame elements simultaneously ensure mutual electric insulation , mutual fluid sealing and a defined spacing between the adjoining electrodes and the electrode stack formed in this way is installed between the inlet and the outlet in such a way that an electrolyte path through which flow can occur and which is sealed fluidically from the surroundings is formed from the inlet through the electrode stack to the outlet , whereinneighbouring electrodes have a mutual clear spacing of not more than 0.5 mm,the openings through which flow can occur in the electrodes are configured as parallel slits or rows of slits which break through the electrodes essentially perpendicularly to the surface thereof, where the individual slits have a width of not more than 1.5 mm and a length of at least three times the width and have a clear spacing perpendicular to their maximum dimension of at least twice the slit width, andthe slits or rows of slits in neighbouring electrodes in each case run parallel to one ...

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Номер записи: 32
09-01-2020 дата публикации

REVERSE DIFFUSION DESALINATION

Номер: US20200010339A1
Автор: COATES Charles R., COATES James Albert
Принадлежит:

The systems and methods described herein relate to use of a reverse diffusion system for removal of dissolved ions from a fluid, for example, salt ions. Specific embodiments include a system for desalinating salt water to produce potable water. The systems and methods can include pulsing low levels of electricity via electrodes in a scrolling pattern, so as to sweep the ions across a unit. 1. A method of removing one or more of ions , ionic complex , ionic compounds , and charged particles from a fluid , the steps of which comprise:placing a fluid comprising one or more of ions, ionic complex, ionic compounds, and charged particles in contact with an electrode panel, the electrode panel comprising a plurality of electrodes, wherein the electrodes are physically and electrically isolated from the fluid, wherein the fluid is allowed to flow across the electrode panel, wherein further the electrode panel comprise a hydrophobic material and the plurality of electrodes are provided with an electric charge in an alternating pattern across the electrode panel such that the one or more of ions, ionic complex, ionic compounds, and charged particles are caused to move across the electrode panel from a first side to a second side; andcollecting the ions that have been passed through the electrode panel on the second side from the fluid remaining on the first side.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode panel comprises a plurality of electrodes in a planar array.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electrode module comprises at least two electrode panels that are congruently aligned.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electrode module comprises two electrode panels.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pattern is a scrolling pattern.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the scrolling pattern is at least 3 items long before repeating.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrodes are embedded in the panel.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the panel is made from a ...

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Номер записи: 33
09-01-2020 дата публикации

Liquid treatment apparatus

Номер: US20200010340A1
Автор: Gaku Miyake, Genichiro Matsuda, Takahiro Kitai, Yoshio Yamada
Принадлежит: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd

There is provided a liquid treatment apparatus which includes a treatment tank which generates a gas phase in a swirling flow of liquid, by swirling an introduced liquid and which treats liquid by applying a pulse voltage to a generated gas phase to generate plasma, in which an insulator which is an insulating space forming member is disposed on a wall surface of one end of the treatment tank so as to prevent a swirling flow from being affected, faces the space connected via the through-hole of the insulator, and thus the first electrode is disposed.

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Номер записи: 34
09-01-2020 дата публикации

STACK OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH ISOLATED ELECTRODES

Номер: US20200010341A1
Автор: Bellemare-Davis Alexander, Harvey David, Jayasankar Barathram, Wood Brendan
Принадлежит:

A stack of electrochemical cells for wastewater treatment is disclosed comprising at least one electrochemical cell having a solid polymer membrane, an anode catalyst layer and a cathode catalyst layer adjacent to each side of the membrane, an open pore mesh placed next to each of the catalyst layers and a compression frame placed next to each open pore mesh. A cover is placed between the compression frames of two neighbouring electrochemical cells in the stack thereby forming an enclosure which spans the distance between the two neighbouring electrochemical cells thereby isolating the cathode catalyst layer or the anode catalyst layer from the solution in the reactor tank in which the stack is immersed. 1. A stack of electrochemical cells for wastewater treatment comprising at least one electrochemical cell , the electrochemical cell comprising:a. a solid polymer electrolyte membrane;b. an anode catalyst layer adjacent to a first side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and a cathode catalyst layer adjacent to a second side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, opposite to the first side;c. a first open pore mesh adjacent to the anode catalyst layer and a second open pore mesh adjacent to the cathode catalyst layer;d. a first compression frame, adjacent to the first open pore mesh and a second compression frame, adjacent to the second open pore mesh, each of the compression frames having compression arms spread within the area delimited by the perimeter of the frame, the compression arms being connected to each other at connection sites;e. fasteners which protrude through holes provided in the compression arms of the first and second compression frames at the connection sites, through holes provided in the first and second open pore meshes and through the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the anode and cathode catalyst layers,wherein a cover is attached to the first compression frame or to the second compression frame to form an enclosure for ...

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Номер записи: 35
03-02-2022 дата публикации

Sterilizing electrodes set, method of sterilizing and sterilization apparatus using same

Номер: US20220033287A1
Автор: Yeanju LEE
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention relates to a set of sterilizing electrodes, to a set of sterilizing electrodes, method of sterilizing and sterilization apparatus using same, comprising: a conductive body formed of electrically conductive material and having a facing surface and connected to power supply; an electrode catalyst layer stacked on the facing surface of the conductive body; and, an insulation cover formed of an insulating material, and is fixed to the conductive body with the electrode catalyst layer interposed between the conductive body, wherein through portions are provided to form a first region that is a exposed part of the electrode catalyst layer through the through portions at a plurality of positions, and wherein the remaining areas of the electrode catalyst layer other than the first region are covered by the insulation cover; thereby obtaining advantageous effects that it is easy to manufacture to replace and to recycle the electrode catalyst layer, and also sterilizing components can be uniformly and effectively generated.

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Номер записи: 36
18-01-2018 дата публикации

ELECTROLYTIC CARTRIDGE, SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF USING SAME

Номер: US20180016164A1
Автор: HAZELWOOD John, Moyer James I, Rossom James D, Swartz James B
Принадлежит:

Electrolytic cartridges for, systems for, and methods of electrolyzing a brine solution of water and an alkali salt to produce acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water are provided. The system includes an internal chamber for receiving the brine solution and at least two electrolytic cartridges immersed in a brine bath. Each electrolytic cartridge includes an electrode, an ion selective membrane disposed on a side of the electrode so as to define a space adjacent to at least a portion of the electrode, a permeable insert covering the ion selective membrane on a side opposite the space, and a bonding plate disposed on the permeable insert on a side opposite the side facing the ion selective membrane. The methods recycle at least a portion of alkaline electrolyzed water into the feed of a cartridge having a positively charged electrode. 1. An electrolytic cartridge comprising:an electrode connectable to an electrical supply;an ion selective membrane disposed on a side of the electrode so as to define a space adjacent to at least a portion of the electrode;a permeable insert covering the ion selective membrane on a side opposite the space; anda bonding plate disposed on the permeable insert on a side opposite the side facing the ion selective membrane, the space in communication with a fresh water supply at an inlet of the space and in communication with an outlet of the space, the space sealed such that, when submerged in a brine solution comprising ions, the only path for the ions of the brine solution to enter the space is through the ion selective membrane.2. The electrolytic cartridge of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of ion selective membranes claim 1 , a plurality of permeable inserts claim 1 , and a plurality of bonding plates claim 1 , arranged such that claim 1 , when submerged in a brine solution comprising ions claim 1 , the only path for the ions of the brine solution to enter the first space is through the ion selective ...

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Номер записи: 37
17-01-2019 дата публикации

CHLORINE GENERATOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20190016614A1
Автор: McCague Michael, Oddou Paul
Принадлежит: Watkins Manufacturing Corporation

A chlorine generator apparatus wherein a housing is adapted to be mounted in an exterior, user-accessible surface of a spa and a chlorine generating electrode cartridge carrying a pair of electrodes is configured to be installable by a user in the housing and to thereafter be removeable by the user for replacement. 1. A chlorine generator apparatus comprising:a housing structured and dimensioned to be mounted through an opening in an exterior, user-accessible surface of a spa such that a portion of the housing resides in an interior region of the spa; anda disposable electrode cartridge unit configured to be installable by a spa user into said portion of the housing and to thereafter be removed from the housing as a unit and thrown away after use by the spa user and then replaced.2. The chlorine generator apparatus of wherein the disposable electrode cartridge unit comprises a handle grippable by the spa user and first and second electrodes positioned to extend into said housing.3. A chlorine generator apparatus comprising:a housing structured and dimensioned to be mounted in an exterior, user-accessible surface of a spa; andan electrode cartridge configured to be installable by a user into said housing and to thereafter be removeable by the user for replacement;wherein the electrode cartridge comprises a handle grippable by the user and first and second electrodes positioned to extend into said housing; andwherein the housing comprises:a wall fitting configured to be installed into an opening in said exterior, user-accessible surface; anda cap removably attachable to the wall fitting by a user and configured to be removable from the wall fitting so as to provide the user access to reach through the wall fitting and manually grip the handle of the electrode cartridge when the cartridge is in an installed position in the housing.4. The chlorine generator apparatus of wherein the cap comprises an internal web structure which positions and holds the electrode cartridge ...

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Номер записи: 38
17-01-2019 дата публикации

Chlorine generator system

Номер: US20190016615A1
Автор: Michael Mccague, Paul Oddou
Принадлежит: Watkins Manufacturing Corp

A chlorine generator apparatus wherein a housing is adapted to be mounted in an exterior, user-accessible surface of a spa and a chlorine generating electrode cartridge carrying a pair of electrodes is configured to be installable by a user in the housing and to thereafter be removeable by the user for replacement.

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Номер записи: 39
17-01-2019 дата публикации

ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH INCREASED REMOVAL RATES OF POLLUTANTS

Номер: US20190016616A1
Автор: Bellemare-Davis Alexander, Harvey David, Jayasankar Barath, Lebel Thierry, Leung Victor, Sparica Goran, Wood Brendan
Принадлежит:

An electrochemical cell for wastewater treatment is disclosed comprising a catalyst coated membrane, an open pore mesh placed next to the catalyst coated membrane, on each side of the membrane, and a compression frame placed next to each of the open pore meshes. The open pore meshes and the compression frames are made of a conductive material. Each compression frame has compression arms spread within the area delimited by the perimeter of the frame to apply a uniform compression force across the anode and cathode active areas through fasteners which protrude through the compression arms, the open pore meshes and the catalyst coated membrane. A stack comprising at least one such electrochemical cell is immersed in a reactor tank containing the wastewater to be treated. 1. An electrochemical cell for wastewater treatment comprising:a. a solid polymer electrolyte membrane;b. an anode catalyst layer adjacent to a first side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and a cathode catalyst layer adjacent to a second side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, opposite to the first side;c. a first open pore mesh adjacent to the anode catalyst layer and a second open pore mesh adjacent to the cathode catalyst layer;d. a first compression frame, adjacent to the first open pore mesh and a second compression frame, adjacent to the second open pore mesh, each of the compression frames having compression arms spread within the area delimited by the perimeter of the frame, the compression arms being connected to each other at connection sites;e. fasteners which protrude through holes provided in the compression arms of the first and second compression frames at the connection sites, through holes provided in the first and second open pore meshes and through the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the anode and cathode catalyst layers,wherein the fasteners provide the force to compress the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, the catalyst layers and the open pore meshes ...

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Номер записи: 40
16-01-2020 дата публикации

Ballast Water Treatment and Neutralization

Номер: US20200017185A1
Автор: Zolotarksky Vadim
Принадлежит:

Techniques and systems for neutralizing discharge waters from ballast and/or cooling water biocidal treatment and disinfection systems are provided. The systems utilize oxidation reduction potential control to regulate the dechlorination of a biocidal agent to allowable discharge levels in ship buoyancy systems and ship cooling water systems. 1. A ballast water management (BWM) system configured to introduce ballast water into a ballast tank through a ballast water line and to discharge ballast water from the ballast tank after a retention time in the ballast tank , the system comprising:a biocide source configured to introduce a biocide into the ballast water; and a LOW mode, at a first dosage rate of neutralizing agent, and', 'a HIGH mode, at a second dosage rate of neutralizing agent that is greater than the first dosage rate., 'a neutralization system configured to introduce, during an introduction period, a neutralizing agent, selected to at least partially neutralize the biocidal activity of the biocide, into the discharge ballast water at a neutralization agent introduction site in at least one of'}2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a ballast water pump disposed to pump the ballast water into the ballast tank through the ballast water line.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a filter fluidly connected to the ballast water line and disposed to remove at least a portion of solids from the ballast water to be introduced into the ballast tank claim 1 , wherein the biocide source is configured to introduce at least a portion of the biocide upstream of the filter.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the biocide source comprises an electrolyzer configured to electrolytically generate the biocide from a source of chloride-containing water claim 1 , wherein the source of chloride-containing water is any of a ship cooling water system claim 1 , a sea chest claim 1 , and a chloride-containing water storage tank.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 41
16-01-2020 дата публикации

ELECTROCHEMICAL ADSORBTION WITH GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES

Номер: US20200017374A1
Автор: Roberts Edward, Sharif Farbod
Принадлежит: UITI Limited Partnership

In alternative aspects, the invention provides processes for cyclic electrochemical adsorption of aqueous contaminants using nanocomposites of graphene with tin oxide or antimony doped tin oxide. 1. A process for treating a liquid , comprising:contacting the liquid with a solid adsorbent nanocomposite of graphene with tin oxide (TO) or antimony doped tin oxide (ATO), so that a contaminant in the liquid is adsorbed onto the nanocomposite to provide a treated liquid; and,passing a current through the nanocomposite to regenerate the nanocomposite by electrochemical conversion of the adsorbed contaminant so as to remove the contaminant from the nanocomposite and thereby provide a regenerated nanocomposite.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the liquid is aqueous and the contaminant is an organic compound.3. The process of or claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical conversion comprises electrochemical oxidation of the contaminant.4. The process of any one of to claim 1 , wherein the current is 3-50 mA per cmof a current feeder for the nanocomposite.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the current is 5-15 mA per cmof the current feeder.6. The process of or claim 4 , wherein the current feeder is graphite claim 4 , and a bed of the nanocomposite sits on the current feeder.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the bed of the nanocomposite is from about 0.2 mm to 2 mm thick.8. The process of or claim 6 , wherein a salt is added to the bed of nanocomposite.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the salt is NaCl or NaSO.10. The process of any one of to claim 8 , wherein the process is a batch treatment process.11. The process of any one of to claim 8 , wherein the process is a continuous treatment process.12. The process of any one of to claim 8 , wherein the process further comprises contacting the liquid with the regenerated nanocomposite.13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the process further comprises a plurality of cycles of contacting the liquid and regenerating the ...

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Номер записи: 42
21-01-2021 дата публикации

Rotational Electro-Oxidation Reactor

Номер: US20210017050A1
Автор: Thomassen Johannes A.
Принадлежит: e - OX Corporation Inc.

An electrochemical oxidation reactor includes rotatable electrodes inside a reactor vessel. The electrodes are mounted to support plates, which in turn are mounted on shafts. The plates are attached to each other in a spaced relationship so that a gap is formed therebetween. The plates are each electrically insulated from each other. The electrodes are mounted to the inside surfaces of these plates, inside the gap. The gap is sized to receive liquid to be treated so that liquid located within the gap will react with the electrodes. An electrical charge is applied to each shaft so that a dielectric is formed across the gap within the fluid located in the gap. According to a first embodiment, an electrochemical reactor includes containing two spaced electrode support plates. According to another embodiment, an electrochemical reactor includes several spaced electrode support plates. 123-. (canceled)24. An electrochemical oxidation reactor for treating a liquid , comprising:a hollow body having a cylindrical cavity with an inlet and an outlet, the liquid being selectively movable between the inlet and the outlet, through the cavity, and the cavity defining a longitudinal axis; a first electrode support plate with an inward facing surface and being secured to a first shaft; and', 'an adjacently disposed second electrode support plate with an inward facing surface and being secured to a second shaft,', 'the first and the second electrode support plates being secured to each other in a spaced and electrically insulative manner so that the inward facing surfaces of the first and second electrode support plates face each other and so that a first gap is formed therebetween,', 'the first and the second shafts being rotatable about the longitudinal axis,', 'the inlet being positioned to direct the liquid into the first gap adjacent the longitudinal axis;, 'a rotor assembly rotatably mounted within the cavity, the rotor assembly comprisinga first electrode being secured to the ...

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Номер записи: 43
22-01-2015 дата публикации

Personal Water Purifier

Номер: US20150021243A1
Автор: Herrington Rodney E, Rich Katie F, Roderick Kevin
Принадлежит:

An electrolytic device and method for generating a disinfecting solution that utilizes a brine generator, an electrical circuit with an on-board solar panel and rechargeable storage battery. The electrical circuit preferably conditions the power received from a variety of power sources to charge the storage battery and conditions the power stored in the storage battery to provide the appropriate power to maximize the disinfection efficacy of the disinfecting solution. The on-board solar panel and/or rechargeable battery can be utilized as the power source to recharge or operate other devices such as cell phones, PDAs, flashlights, GPS systems, or other such devices. The device can incorporate a touch screen display and electronics that is an electronic “water finder” application for locating sources of water that can be made potable. The device can incorporate a biocidal agent and foul resistant water filter that can be folded up to provide a compact configuration for storage. 1. An apparatus to facilitate production of potable water , comprising:(a) an electrolytic cell configured to generate oxidation/reduction products, at least a first product of which is suitable for disinfecting water;(b) an electrical system configured to supply electrical power to the electrolytic cell for at least one of (i) a predetermined time, or (ii) until activity in the electrolytic cell indicates that a desired quantity of the first product has been produced;(c) a housing in which the electrolytic cell and electrical system are mounted.2. An apparatus as in claim 1 , further comprising a filter suitable for filtering water claim 1 , wherein the filter is mounted with the housing.3. An apparatus as in claim 2 , wherein the filter is mounted with the housing with a removable mounting relationship between the filter and the housing.4. An apparatus as in claim 2 , wherein the filter comprises a sheet prefolded such that it can be configured to a substantially flat configuration and to a ...

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Номер записи: 44
10-02-2022 дата публикации

EFFECTIVE AND/OR SAFE OZONATION OF WATER IN A TANK THROUGH EVOLVED GAS CONTROL

Номер: US20220041476A1
Автор: DeMyer Marianna
Принадлежит: Roving Blue, Inc.

Disclosed are a method, a device, and/or system of effective and/or safe ozonation of water in a tank through evolved gas control. In one embodiment, a system for effective ozonation of water includes an ozone generator for producing ozone partially in the form of ozone gas, and a disperser. The disperser is configured to receive ozone gas from the ozone generator rising through the water as ozone bubbles disperse the ozone bubbles within the water. The disperser increases a contact time of the ozone and/or distributes dissolution of the ozone in the water. The disperser may include one or more bubble paths guiding the ozone bubbles. The ozone generator may be an electrolytic ozone unit. An electrode may include a proton exchange membrane electrically coupling an anode and a cathode of an electrode, where hydrogen gas generated at the cathode may be vented and/or conveyed to a catalytic decomposition unit. 1. A system for effective ozonation of water , the system comprising:an ozone generator for producing an ozone at least partially in the form of ozone gas,a disperser configured to receive ozone gas from the ozone generator rising through the water as ozone bubbles and, when the disperser is at least partially submerged in the water, disperse the ozone bubbles within the water to at least one of increase a contact time of the ozone and distribute dissolution of the ozone in the water.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ozone generator is an electrolytic ozone unit further comprising:an electrode comprising an anode and a cathode producing the ozone when the anode and the cathode are electrically coupled through the water.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the disperser further comprising:a bubble path guiding the ozone bubbles to at least one of increase the contact time of the ozone and distribute the dissolution of the ozone in the water, anda collector for catching the ozone bubbles rising from the electrode and conveying at least a portion of the ozone ...

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Номер записи: 45
24-01-2019 дата публикации

WATER ACTIVATOR TRANSDUCER

Номер: US20190023590A1
Автор: Caldono Avila Jose Eliecer, Linares Mera Mauricio, Linares Reinerio, Martinez Ramos Jhon Heiller, Valencia Padilla Argemiro, Valencia Padilla Juan Carlos
Принадлежит:

An apparatus for oxygenating water includes a discharge chamber with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, an electronic unit coupled to the discharge chamber, and a power source configured to power the electronic unit. The electronic unit is configured to interact with a fluid disposed within the discharge chamber. The electronic unit is configured to accelerate the fluid and oxygenate the water to produce oxygenated water. 1. An apparatus for oxygenating water comprising:a discharge chamber with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet;an electronic unit coupled to the discharge chamber, the electronic unit configured to interact with a fluid disposed within the discharge chamber, wherein the electronic unit is configured to accelerate the fluid and oxygenate the water to produce oxygenated water;a power source configured to power the electronic unit.2. The apparatus for oxygenating water according to claim 1 , wherein the electronic unit comprises a cathode and an anode disposed within the discharge chamber and configured to interact with the fluid disposed within the discharge chamber.3. The apparatus for oxygenating water according to claim 1 , wherein the electronic unit comprises a cathode comprising a helicoid-shaped electrode of a predetermined length wrapped around an oppositely charged rod.4. The apparatus for oxygenating water according to claim 1 , further comprising a flotation device configured to float on an external water source claim 1 , wherein the discharge chamber is housed within the flotation device.5. The apparatus for oxygenating water according to claim 4 , wherein flotation device further comprises:a pump configured to intake water into the discharge chamber; anda discharge outlet configured to discharge the oxygenated water after the electronic unit has accelerated the water within the discharge chamber.6. The apparatus for oxygenating water according to claim 5 , wherein the discharge outlet is configured to discharge the oxygenated water into the ...

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Номер записи: 46
23-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT

Номер: US20200024162A1
Автор: DAI Ximei, DONG Qingqing, LI Haipu, PAN Siyuan, YANG Zhaoguang, Yao Jingjing, YUAN Nadi
Принадлежит:

A device for sewage treatment comprises a treatment tank, a power and electric control unit, a gas supply and tail gas recovery unit and a circular reaction treatment unit; the treatment tank is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a gas intake port and a tail gas exhaust port; the gas supply and tail gas recovery unit is communicated with the treatment tank through the gas intake port; the tail gas exhaust port is communicated with the gas supply and tail gas recovery unit; the circular reaction treatment unit comprises an external circulating device and a reaction treatment element arranged inside the treatment tank. 13018301830. A device for sewage treatment , comprising a treatment tank , a power and electric control unit , a gas supply and tail gas recovery unit and a circular reaction treatment unit , wherein the treatment tank is provided with a liquid inlet () , a liquid outlet () , a gas intake port and a tail gas exhaust port; the gas supply and tail gas recovery unit is communicated with the treatment tank through the gas intake port; the tail gas exhaust port is communicated with the gas supply and tail gas recovery unit; the circular reaction treatment unit comprises an external circulating device and a reaction treatment element; the reaction treatment element is arranged inside the treatment tank; the external circulating device is arranged outside the treatment tank and is communicated with the liquid inlet () and the liquid outlet () respectively; the power and electric control unit is connected with the reaction treatment element; and sewage to be processed enters the treatment tank through the liquid inlet () and reacts with the reaction treatment element.2. The device for sewage treatment according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction treatment element comprises a micro-nano aeration disk claim 1 , an electrochemical cathode claim 1 , a three-dimensional particle electrode and an electrochemical anode; the micro-nano aeration disk claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 47
28-01-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OZONE WATER GENERATOR

Номер: US20210024383A1
Автор: Lust Dorian
Принадлежит:

A novel cell for generating ozonated water, the cell comprises a nafion membrane separating a diamond coated anode, and a gold surfaced cathode enclosed within a cell housing with the catalyst side of the nafion membrane facing the cathode. The cell housing has a cathode housing portion and an anode housing portion separated by the membrane, each housing portion having ridges to enhance substantially even flow of fluid over the cathode and anode. The housing portions contain O-rings in grooves to prevent leaks, and alignment features to keep the electrodes aligned. The cathode and anode have an array of holes allowing fluid to penetrate to the surface of the niobium membrane. Input ports allow fluid to flow into the housing and over the anode and cathode and then out of the housing through outlet ports. The housing may also incorporate an integrated spectral photometer including a bubble trap. 1. A cell system for ozonation of water comprising ,a cathode having a gold surface and an anode, separated by a polymer membrane, the anode and cathode each have an array of holes to allow water to flow through to the membrane;a housing enclosing the cell and having a cathode housing portion and an anode housing portion separated by the membrane, the cathode housing portion configured to allow water to flow across the cathode and the anode housing portion configured to allow water to flow across the anode each housing portion having ridges arranged to direct water flow substantially evenly over the cathode and the anode; and;input and output ports coupled to the housing to allow water to flow separately through both portions of the housing.2. The cell of wherein the membrane is a nafion membrane.3. The cell of further comprising a first O-ring between the housing and the cathode claim 2 , and a second O-ring between the housing and the anode.4. The cell of wherein the anode is made of niobium.5. The cell of wherein the anode is plated on at least one side with a diamond layer ...

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Номер записи: 48
29-01-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TREATING AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND CONTAMINANTS THEREIN

Номер: US20150027879A1
Автор: Andrews Edward, Asmuth Anton, Barry Terence P., Carlson Alan, Doolittle Craig, Myre Jake
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure is generally directed to point of service devices and methods of treating aqueous solutions to help remove or otherwise reduce levels, concentrations or amounts of one or more contaminants. The present disclosure relates to a system including an apparatus including a substantially self-contained housing or container which is adapted to receive components including at least one counterelectrode (e.g. cathode) and at least one photoelectrode (e.g. anode) provided or arranged around at least one UV light source, and/or receive, contain and/or circulate fluid or aqueous solution. 1. A system for removing or reducing the level of contaminants in a solution comprisinga pump, a tank, a carbon filter, and a photoelectrocatalytic oxidation apparatus in fluid communication; a housing having first opposing end and a second opposing end and at least partially defining a cavity having a cavity wall and a cavity length;', 'a light tube provided within the cavity and adapted to help disburse or otherwise provide ultraviolet radiation over most of the cavity length;', 'a photoelectrode provided around the light tube; a counterelectrode provided in the space between the photoelectrode and the cavity wall, and a separator menas provided between the photoelectrode and counterelectrode;', 'wherein the photoelectrode comprises a primarily titanium foil support with a layer of titanium dioxide provided on at least one surface the photoelectrode; and', 'wherein the photoelectrode and counterelectrode are each coupled to a respective terminal adapted to be electrically coupled to a power supply., 'wherein the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation apparatus comprises2. The system of claim 1 , the photoelectrocatalytic device further comprising a first end assembly member coupled to the first opposing end of the housing and further defining the cavity.3. The system of claim 2 , the photoelectrocatalytic device further comprising a second end assembly member coupled to the ...

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Номер записи: 49
02-02-2017 дата публикации

Electrochemical decontamination cells

Номер: US20170029298A1
Автор: Ahmed Moustafa, Alexander Evans, Jenny Boutros, Kenneth R. Code, Parastoo Pourrezaei, Richard H. Smith, Simmon Christian Hofstetter
Принадлежит: BioLargo Life Technologies Inc

Contaminants are filtered from a fluid flow stream and the filter is regenerated by a process including steps of: providing a filter material comprising both carbon and potassium iodide; passing a contaminated fluid stream in contact with the filter material; adsorbing contaminants from the fluid stream onto surfaces in the filter material; passing an electric current through the filter material with adsorbed contaminant thereon; disassociating contaminant from the surfaces of the filter material; and removing disassociated contaminant from the filter material by carrying away the disassociated contaminant in a fluid flow mass.

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Номер записи: 50
04-02-2016 дата публикации

WATER TREATMENT METHOD AND MINERAL THEREFOR

Номер: US20160031729A1
Автор: Hermans Ty Gerard
Принадлежит:

A water treatment method for improving the water quality of a body of water is disclosed. A water treatment mineral is also disclosed. The water treatment mineral includes a third period electrolyte component comprising magnesium chloride and sodium chloride. The magnesium chloride is more than about 15% by weight of the third period electrolyte. The water treatment mineral may be used with existing water treatment equipment by adjusting the concentration to a level suited to the effective production of hypochlorite anions at a concentration sufficient to sanitize the water. 1. A water treatment method including the steps of:providing a water treatment mineral including a third period electrolyte component comprising magnesium chloride and sodium chloride, the magnesium chloride being more than about 15% by weight of the third period electrolyte component;adding the water treatment mineral to a body of water at a concentration of about 1200 ppm to about 9600 ppm to provide a body of mineralized water; andpassing a quantity of the body of mineralized water through an electrolytic cell;applying an electrical potential to the electrolytic cell sufficient to produce a predetermined concentration of hypochlorite anions in the mineralized water passing through the electrolytic cell to produce chlorinated water; andreturning the chlorinated water to the body of mineralized water.2. A water treatment method as claimed in wherein the water treatment mineral is added to the body of water at a concentration of about 3600 ppm to about 6000 ppm.3. A water treatment method as claimed in wherein the water treatment mineral is added to the body of water at a concentration of about 3600 ppm to about 4800 ppm.4. A water treatment method as claimed in wherein the water treatment mineral is added to the body of water at a concentration of about 4200 ppm.5. A water treatment method as claimed in wherein the magnesium chloride is about 16.8% and the sodium chloride is about 83.2% by ...

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Номер записи: 51
17-02-2022 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER FLUIDS

Номер: US20220048795A1
Автор: GAFRI Oren
Принадлежит:

A system and method for treatment of a wastewater fluid is described. The system includes a gas supply system to provide a process gas into the wastewater fluid, a pulsed electrical-power generator to generate high electrical voltage pulses and a reactor apparatus pneumatically coupled to the gas supply system, and electrically coupled to the pulsed electrical-power generator. The reactor apparatus is configured to produce a plurality of gas microbubbles of the process gas injected into the wastewater fluid supplied into the reactor apparatus for the treatment, and to apply the high electrical voltage pulses generated by the pulsed electrical-power generator to said plurality of the microbubbles. The high electrical voltage pulses have energy sufficient to create a plasma glow discharge within the plurality of the microbubbles, and in an interface of the microbubbles with the wastewater fluid. 1. A system for treatment of a wastewater fluid comprising:a gas supply system configured to provide a process gas into the wastewater fluid;a pulsed electrical-power generator configured to generate high electrical voltage pulses;a reactor apparatus pneumatically coupled to the gas supply system, and electrically coupled to the pulsed electrical-power generator,wherein the reactor apparatus is configured to produce a plurality of gas microbubbles of the process gas injected into the wastewater fluid supplied into the reactor apparatus for the treatment, and to apply the high electrical voltage pulses generated by the pulsed electrical-power generator to said plurality of the microbubbles; the high electrical voltage pulses have energy sufficient to create a plasma glow discharge within the plurality of the microbubbles, and in an interface of the microbubbles with the wastewater fluid.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reactor apparatus includes a housing comprising:a gas input plenum arranged at a lower portion of the housing and including a pneumatic inlet configured to ...

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Номер записи: 52
11-02-2016 дата публикации

METHOD TO REMEDIATE EFFLUENTS CONTAINING METALS COMPLEXED WITH ORGANIC AND/OR INORGANIC SPECIES

Номер: US20160039698A1
Автор: Gunasekaran Sundaram, Yasri Nael
Принадлежит:

Described is a system and corresponding method for remediating liquid waste streams. The system includes an electro-oxidation (EO) chamber, an electro-deposition (ED) chamber, and an electro-adsorption (EA) chamber. In the method, a waste stream is subjected to electro-oxidation, followed by electro-deposition and/or electro-adsorption. The method removes both organic and inorganic pollutants, as well as metals present as free ions or bound into organic or inorganic complexes. 1. A method to remediate a liquid waste stream , the method comprising:(a) subjecting a waste stream to electro-oxidation; and then(b) subjecting the waste stream from step (a) to a further treatment selected from the group consisting of electro-deposition and/or electro-adsorption.2. The method claim 1 , wherein step (b) comprises subjecting the waste stream to electro-deposition and then electro-adsorption.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electro-oxidation step claim 2 , the electro-deposition step and the electro-adsorption step are conducted in separate chambers.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (a) further comprises adding a salt to the waste stream claim 1 , prior to electro-oxidation.5. The method claim 4 , wherein step (b) comprises subjecting the waste stream to electro-deposition and then electro-adsorption.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the electro-oxidation step claim 5 , the electro-deposition step and the electro-adsorption step are conducted in separate chambers.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the salt comprises NaCl claim 6 , KCl claim 6 , MgCl claim 6 , or CaCl.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electro-deposition of step (b) includes performing the electro-deposition in the presence of a concentrating cathode which concentrates metal ions and metal-containing ions present in the waste stream.9. The method claim 8 , wherein step (b) comprises subjecting the waste stream to electro-deposition and then electro-adsorption.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 53
09-02-2017 дата публикации

Water Sanitizing System

Номер: US20170036926A1
Автор: Wilson Ryland
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a portable water purification and sanitizing apparatus and method. Due to the limited size of the apparatus and its ability to utilize DC power, the apparatus can be transported and operated in remote areas across the globe. The apparatus and method generates electrolytic products of chlorine, hydroxide and ozone that are utilized to purify and sanitize water for human consumption. 1) An apparatus for generating at least one chemical by electrolysis comprising:a positive or cathode plate not contained within a reaction chamber;a negative or anode plate opposing said positive or cathode plate;an anolyte reaction chamber enclosing said negative or anode plate, said anolyte reaction chamber is sealed on all sides except the bottom of said anolyte reaction chamber is open or has one or more openings to allow the flow of fluid into said anolyte reaction chamber, said anolyte reaction chamber being in fluid communication with said negative or anode plate; andsaid positive or cathode plate and said negative or anode plate are in fluid communication with each other.2) The apparatus of wherein said positive or cathode plate is composed of stainless steel claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , expanded titanium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , expanded zirconium claim 1 , hafnium claim 1 , expanded hafnium claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , expanded niobium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , expanded nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , expanded chromium claim 1 , a transition metal claim 1 , a metal alloy claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3) The apparatus of wherein said negative or anode plate is composed of stainless steel claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , expanded titanium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , expanded zirconium claim 1 , hafnium claim 1 , expanded hafnium claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , expanded niobium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , expanded nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , expanded chromium claim 1 , a transition metal claim 1 , a metal alloy claim 1 , or a ...

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Номер записи: 54
12-02-2015 дата публикации

WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL APPARATUS

Номер: US20150041333A1
Автор: Li Yanbo, MacDonald-Hardie Andrew Ronald
Принадлежит:

A wastewater treatment process by an electrochemical apparatus, said apparatus having at least an electrochemical electrode (), and said electrochemical electrode () having suitable electrode plates comprises the following steps: passing high concentration wastewater containing undesirable solutes through at least one electrochemical electrode () to which a DC electrical current is applied to destroy the undesirable solutes in the water intake, so as to output water having a lower concentration of the undesirable solutes; the DC current applied to the electrochemical electrode () comprises at least a constant potential difference stage exerted on both ends of the electrochemical electrode (), and followed by a constant current stage through the electrochemical electrode (). 1. A process for the treatment of a wastewater stream in electrochemical apparatus , said electrochemical apparatus comprising of at least one electrochemical cell containing suitable electrodes , to produce water with low concentrations of particular solutes said process comprising: i) organic species or molecules;', 'ii) ammoniacal nitrogen;', 'iii) organic nitrogen;', 'iv) inorganic sulfides;', 'v) organic sulfides;', 'vi) compounds containing the CN group;, 'a) providing a feedwater stream which is a wastewater containing solutes therein, said solutes comprising any or all of the followingb) passing the feedwater from step a) through said electrochemical cell such that the water contacts the electrodes contained therein;c) causing a direct electrical current to flow through the electrochemical cell so as to destroy the undesirable solutes thereby producing a product water stream with a lower concentration of the undesirable solutes said direct current to be varied and controlled to apply a specific power scheme to the electrochemical cell which includes at least one period of operation with a constant potential difference across the cell immediately followed by a period of operation with a ...

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Номер записи: 55
12-02-2015 дата публикации

POINT OF USE ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM

Номер: US20150041410A1
Автор: NIKSA Andrew J., NIKSA Marilyn J.
Принадлежит:

A point of use electrolysis system can be used to generate oxidizing species within liquid retained by a point of use discharge nozzle, helping to prevent pathogens from growing and multiplying in the nozzle. In one example, a system includes a point of use discharge nozzle having an inlet and an outlet and electrodes. The electrodes are configured to electrochemically generate an oxidizing species within the point of use discharge nozzle. According to the example, the point of use discharge nozzle is configured to trap liquid from a liquid source, when liquid ceases flowing through the point of use discharge nozzle, thereby providing a trapped liquid. Further, the electrodes are configured to generate the oxidizing species within the trapped liquid. 1. A point of use electrolysis system comprising:a point of use discharge nozzle defining an inlet configured to receive liquid from a liquid source and an outlet configured to discharge the liquid into an ambient environment; andelectrodes comprising an anode and a cathode configured to electrochemically generate an oxidizing species within the point of use discharge nozzle,wherein the point of use discharge nozzle is configured to trap liquid from the liquid source, when liquid is not flowing through the point of use discharge nozzle, thereby providing a trapped liquid, and the electrodes are configured to generate the oxidizing species within the trapped liquid.2. The electrolysis system of claim 1 , wherein the point of use discharge nozzle is configured to trap the liquid such that substantially all air that enters the point of use discharge nozzle from the ambient environment via the outlet passes through the trapped liquid.3. The electrolysis system of claim 1 , wherein the point of use discharge nozzle is configured to trap the liquid by maintaining a vacuum that prevents the trapped liquid from exiting the point of use discharge nozzle.4. The electrolysis system of claim 1 , wherein the point of use discharge ...

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Номер записи: 56
06-02-2020 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SELF-CLEANING SALT CELL CHLORINATOR

Номер: US20200039849A1
Автор: Rejniak Brian Rosser, Rejniak John Alan
Принадлежит:

A salt cell chlorinator adapted to run a self-cleaning program by scraping off residual buildup, the salt cell chlorinator having: electrodes arranged in a line within a housing, each electrode having: a first face; and an opposite second face; rotary wipers arranged within the line of the electrodes, such that each rotary wiper is adapted to make contact with at least one electrode of the electrodes, wherein each rotary wiper is adapted to rotate simultaneously on the first face or the second face of the electrodes; a drive motor adapted to cause a rotation of the rotary wipers; a control panel adapted to customize the self-cleaning program to run at a predetermined time interval; wherein the rotation of the rotary wipers removes the residual buildup from the electrodes; and wherein the predetermined time interval occurs between occurrences of the chlorination program. 1. A salt cell chlorinator adapted to run a chlorination program of swimming pool or spa water , the chlorination program occurring by converting saltwater to chlorine water , the salt cell chlorinator being further adapted to run a self-cleaning program to self-clean by scraping off residual buildup , the salt cell chlorinator comprising: a front end;', 'a rear end;', 'a top side;', 'a bottom side;', 'a water inlet pipe; and', 'a water outlet pipe;, 'a housing havinga plurality of snap fasteners, wherein each snap fastener comprises a female portion and a male portion extending coaxially from the female portion;a plurality of electrodes arranged in a line within the housing wherein each pair comprising a first and a second adjacent electrode is fastened via a pair of a first and a second snap fastener; a first face; and', 'a second face, which is opposed to the first face;, 'each electrode of the plurality of electrodes havinga plurality of rotary wipers,wherein each rotary wiper of the plurality of rotary wipers is arranged within the line of the plurality of electrodes, such that each rotary wiper ...

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Номер записи: 57
16-02-2017 дата публикации

A METHOD FOR HARMLESS DISPOSAL AND RESOURCE UTILIZATION OF RESIN DESORPTION LIQUID GENERATED IN THE ION EXCHANGE PROCESS

Номер: US20170044031A1
Автор: Chen Xun, Jiang Yeli, LI AIMIN J., SONG HAIOU, WANG BOJUN, Wang Changming, Wang Jun, Zhu Zhaolian
Принадлежит:

A method for harmless disposal and resource utilization of resin desorption liquid generated in the ion exchange process is provided. Resin desorption liquid is channeled into an electrolytic tank, which is arranged with an inlet and an outlet; the anode and the cathode within the electrolytic tank are separately connected to a stabilized power supply; both the direct and indirect oxidation process and occurred at the anode can decompose the organic pollutants in the desorption liquid; with necessary replenishment of fresh regeneration agent, the treated desorption liquid can exert excellent performance in regenerating saturated resin; the recycled use of resin desorption liquid is therefore realized, which consequently avoids unnecessary waste of regeneration agent and reduces the final yield of the desorption liquid. This method is characterized by being convenient in operation, without addition of extra reagents, without secondary pollution, and suitable for the desorption liquid with wide pH variations. 1. A method for harmless disposal and resource utilization of resin desorption liquid generated in the ion exchange process , comprising the following steps:(a) Channelling resin desorption liquid into an electrocatalytic oxidation device; said electrocatalytic oxidation device includes a stabilized power supply, an electrolytic tank, an anode and a cathode; said electrolytic tank is arranged with an inlet and an outlet; said cathode is made of graphite plate, titanium plate or titanium plate with a coating of ruthenium oxide or iridium oxide; said anode is a dimensionally stabilized titanium electrode with a coating of ruthenium oxide or iridium oxide; and{'sup': '2', '(b) starting the electrocatalytic oxidation process: keeping the current density at said anode and cathode at 5˜50 mA/cm, the reaction time of resin desorption liquid in the electrolytic tank at 0.5˜3 h, the distance between said anode and cathode at 1.5˜5 cm.'}2. The method for harmless disposal ...

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Номер записи: 58
15-02-2018 дата публикации

Materials with Atomically Dispersed Chemical Moieties

Номер: US20180044805A1
Автор: Atanassov Plamen, Serov Alexey
Принадлежит: STC.UNM

Synthetic materials that are useful as heterogeneous catalysts or electrocatalysts. The materials can be used to catalyze oxidation and/or reduction reactions and/or oxygen/hydrogen evolution/oxydation reactions. 1. A method for chemical and electrochemical conversion and transformation of a chemicals , molecules , or compounds by supplying carbon dioxide (CO2) , carbon monoxide (CO) , water , oxygen , hydrogen , an oxyfuels or organic/inorganic molecules to a reactor comprising a metal-heteroatom-carbon (M-X-C) catalyst under electrocatalytic or chemical catalytic conditions at which the catalyst catalyzes/promotes an oxidation , reduction , conversion reaction , an oxygen reduction or evolution reaction , a hydrogen oxidation or evolution reaction , or electrolysis.2. The method of wherein the M-X-C catalyst is a morphologically designed porous claim 1 , self-supported solid-phase material comprising atomically dispersed transition metal moieties coordinated with heteroatomic moieties or heteroatomic and carbon moieties.3. The method of wherein the oxyfuel is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid claim 1 , oxalate claim 1 , formate claim 1 , formic acid claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , 2-propanol claim 1 , pyruvate claim 1 , ethylene glycol claim 1 , malate claim 1 , tartrate and the like.4. The method of wherein the chemical or compound is CO2 or CO claim 1 , NO and the catalyzed reaction is a reduction reaction.5. The method of wherein the chemical or compound is an oxyfuel and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.6. The method of wherein the chemical or compound is an organic airborne contaminant and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.7. The method of wherein the chemical or compound is an organic wastewater contaminant and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.8. The method of wherein the chemical or compound is an organic agricultural feedstock bio-component and the reaction is an oxidation ...

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Номер записи: 59
03-03-2022 дата публикации

CHLORINE-GENERATING ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20220064027A1
Автор: Asplund Richard, Heng Hwa Leung
Принадлежит: ZODIAC POOL SYSTEMS LLC

Assemblies designed to facilitate detection of water flow in low water flow situations. In some embodiments, the assembly includes a channel that narrows from an inlet end of the assembly to an outlet end of the assembly to increase the velocity of water flowing through the channel. In some embodiments, the assembly may also include a water delivery mechanism that delivers water flowing through the channel to a flow sensor and enables the detection of water flow, even in low flow situations.

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Номер записи: 60
03-03-2022 дата публикации

HYBRID WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR RED TIDE REMOVAL AND PERCHLORATE CONTROL AND WATER TREATMENT METHOD USING THE SAME

Номер: US20220064031A1
Автор: HONG Seungkwan, Lim Jihun, Shin Yong-Uk
Принадлежит: KOREA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND BUSINESS FOUNDATION

Disclosed is a hybrid water-treating system. The system includes a raw-water supply bath having a predetermined volume and configured to receive raw-water containing high concentration organic contaminants; at least one electrolytic bath configured to receive the raw-water supplied from the raw-water supply bath and to produce first treated water, wherein a boron doped diamond (BDD) electrode is installed in the electrolytic bath; and at least one deionization bath configured to receive the first treated water discharged from the electrolytic bath and to produce second treated water, wherein flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) is performed when applying a first voltage to the deionization bath.

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Номер записи: 61
13-02-2020 дата публикации

Filter material for culture system, and preparation method and use thereof

Номер: US20200045944A1
Автор: Christopher Kenneth Clevers, Tin-Han Chien, Tommy Chi-Kin Wong
Принадлежит: Solis High Tech Ind Shenzhen Ltd

The present invention discloses a filter material for a culture system, and a preparation method and use thereof. The filter material comprises an anode material and a cathode material, wherein the anode material is an active metal, and the cathode material is an inactive metal or a conductive non-metal. The filter material can significantly improve the water quality in the culture system, be used for in-situ treatment of the water body in the culture system and be convenient to use. The filter material does not require additional application of voltage or current, and thus is safer. At the same time, the filter material has a long service life and does not need to be changed frequently. In addition, the preparation method of the filter material is simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly, and is advantageous for large-scale production.

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Номер записи: 62
13-02-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR WATER DISINFECTION USING ELECTROPORATION

Номер: US20200048114A1
Автор: BOTIJA IBAÑEZ Luis Miguel, IBAÑEZ BOTELLA Juan Miguel
Принадлежит:

A system for water disinfection by means of electroporation, comprising a reactor () composed of a plurality of electrodes that form an electrolytic cell, where they act as a plurality of anodes () and cathodes (); a circuit that allows the water to be confined within the electrolytic cell and to flow through it between the water inlet point into the cell () and the water outlet point (); a pump () used to propel the water through the reactor; at least one direct current source (), which is connected to the reactor (); and at least one device for process control (PLC) (). The system produces the irreversible electroporation of bacterial membrane by applying specific electric potentials that alter the transmembrane potential and cause the oxidation of the exposed chemical groups in membrane proteins. 1123456718. A system for water disinfection by means of electroporation , comprising a reactor () composed of a plurality of electrodes that form an electrolytic cell , where they act as a plurality of anodes () and cathodes (); a circuit for water flow , which allows water to flow between the inlet point into the cell () and the outlet point (); a pump () used to propel the water through the circuit; a direct current source () , which is connected to the reactor (); and a device to control the process ().2231. A system for water disinfection by means of electroporation according to claim 1 , wherein the period of time for water flow between the anodes () and cathodes () inside the reactor () claim 1 , from the time the water enters the cell until it leaves claim 1 , is equal or superior to 0.576 s.32. A system for water disinfection by means of electroporation according to claim 1 , wherein the current density applied to the anodes () ranges from 100 to 300 A/m.4. A system for water disinfection by means of electroporation according to claim 1 , wherein the induced electric potential must be equal to or greater than 0.2 V.51. A system for water disinfection by means of ...

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Номер записи: 63
23-02-2017 дата публикации

Low Energy System and Method of Desalinating Seawater

Номер: US20170050866A1
Автор: Ganzi Gary C., Liang Li-Shiang, Wilkins Frederick C.
Принадлежит:

A low energy water treatment system and method is provided. The system has at least one electrodialysis device that produces partially treated water and a brine byproduct, a softener, and at least one electrodeionization device. The partially treated water stream can be softened by the softener to reduce the likelihood of scale formation and to reduce energy consumption in the electrodeionization device, which produces water having target properties. At least a portion of the energy used by the electrodeionization device can be generated by concentration differences between the brine and seawater streams introduced into compartments thereof. The brine stream can also be used to regenerate the softener. 115.-. (canceled)16. A seawater desalination system , comprising:at least one first electrodialysis device including at least one first depletion compartment having a first depletion compartment inlet fluidly connected to a source of seawater, and a first depletion compartment outlet, and at least one first concentration compartment having a first depletion compartment inlet and a first depletion compartment outlet;at least one second electrodialysis device including at least one second depletion compartment having a second depletion compartment inlet fluidly connected to the source of seawater, and a second depletion compartment outlet, and at least one second concentration compartment having a second concentration compartment inlet fluidly connected to the source of seawater, and a brine outlet;at least one ion exchanging unit having an ion exchanger inlet fluidly connected to at least one of the first depletion compartment outlet and the second depletion compartment outlet, and an ion exchanger outlet; andat least one electrodeionization device having a first depleting compartment fluidly connected to the ion exchanger outlet, the depleting compartment defined at least partially by a first cationic selective membrane and a first anionic selective membrane, a first ...

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Номер записи: 64
10-03-2022 дата публикации

FLOW-THROUGH ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTOR

Номер: US20220073380A1
Автор: Mullen Julie Bliss, Mully Barrett, Schneider Orren David
Принадлежит:

A flow-through electrochemical reactor includes a housing having a solution flow-path. A flow-through or solid first electrode is disposed within the solution flow path. A second electrode is spaced apart from the flow-through or solid first electrode, thereby creating an electroactive gap between the flow-through or solid first electrode and the second electrode. The electroactive gap is less than 5 mm and greater than 2 mm. 1. A flow-through electrochemical reactor comprising:a housing including a solution flow-path;a flow-through or solid first electrode disposed within the solution flow-path;a second electrode spaced apart from the flow-through or solid first electrode creating an electroactive gap between the flow-through or solid first electrode and the second electrode, the electroactive gap being less than 5 mm and greater than 2 mm.2. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is an anode.3. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode is a cathode.4. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the electroactive gap is less than about 4 mm and greater than about 2.5 mm.5. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the electroactive gap has an average size of about 3 mm.6. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is an anode having a hollow cylindrical shape.7. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode is a cathode having a hollow cylindrical shape.8. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode has an annulus shape and the second electrode has an annulus shape claim 1 , and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged concentrically claim 1 , the first electrode being located within a wall of the second electrode.9. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein a wall of the second electrode has a plurality of openings.10. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the solution flow path extends at least partially within the first electrode claim 1 , longitudinally along a longitudinal axis claim 1 , and at least partially radially ...

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Номер записи: 65
21-02-2019 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR CONTAINER WATER FILTERING

Номер: US20190055143A1
Автор: Gonzalez-Sanchez Narcedalia, Gonzalez-Sanchez Prisciliano
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a water filtration with a process optimization method, which employ cartridges with conventional electrolytic cells that have electrolytic cells, modified with automated control systems for the purpose of manipulating, monitoring and performing maintenance strategies in a single device, either in mobile containers or in swimming pools, gutters, etc., in such a way that: the purification process of the liquid, preferably water, is increased, the speed of its processing is increased, a process that is conventionally performed manual way is automated; in addition to optimizing the materials used in the purification, the process minimizes the risks of infiltration of impurities in the organism by immersion in treated waters with high pollutant levels; finally the process decreases the formation of tartar in the containers. 1. A device for the filtration of water in containers comprising an electrolysis cartridge with electrified plates and an automation device which act synergistically , the device comprising:at least three metal rectangular plates on the electrolysis cartridge, each of the rectangular plates includes one end having a groove that allows a section of the plate to be folded in such a way as to cause an extension acting as a conventional terminal;at least one interleaved plate placed between the at least three rectangular metal plates, the at least one interleaved plate is placed equidistantly between the plates with terminals;the at least three metal rectangular plates and the interleaved plates are placed inside a casing having threaded ends and with an inner walls having a pair of grooved insulating plates with channels disposed towards a center of the casing;each channel of each one of the grooved insulation plate coincides in arrangement and size with respect to the channel of the opposing grooved insulation plate, in such a way that the plates and the interleaved plates are inserted into each pair of the channels of the ...

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Номер записи: 66
21-02-2019 дата публикации

ELECTROLYTIC LIQUID GENERATION DEVICE

Номер: US20190055144A1
Автор: II CHIHIRO, INAGAKI Kenichirou, MAEKAWA Tetsuya, MORI Shunsuke, Tsuji Atsushi
Принадлежит: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd.

An electrolytic liquid generation device according to the present disclosure includes an electrolytic part and a housing in which the electrolytic part is disposed. The electrolytic part has a laminate including mutually adjacent electrodes and a conductive film interposed between the electrodes. The electrolytic part electrolyzes a liquid. The housing includes an electrode case having a recess with an opening to enable insertion of the electrolytic part through the opening and to contain the electrolytic part in the recess, and an electrode case lid to cover the opening of the electrode case. The electrolytic part is contained in the recess such that lamination direction Z of the laminate is substantially aligned with a direction in which the opening opens. This configuration provides an electrolytic liquid generation device that can be built with improved facility. 1. An electrolytic liquid generation device comprising:an electrolytic part having a laminate including mutually adjacent electrodes and a conductive film interposed between the electrodes, the electrolytic part electrolyzing a liquid; anda housing in which the electrolytic part is disposed,whereinin the housing, a flow path is formed in such a manner that a liquid flowing direction intersects with a lamination direction of the laminate,the flow path has an inlet and an outlet in which the inlet communicates with an external flow path located upstream to allow a liquid to flow into the inlet and be fed to the electrolytic part and the outlet communicates with an external flow path located downstream to allow an electrolytic liquid produced at the electrolytic part to flow out from the outlet,the electrolytic part has a slot that is open to the flow path and that is formed in such a manner that at least a part of interfaces between the conductive film and the respective electrodes is exposed to the slot,the housing includes an electrode case having a recess with an opening to enable insertion of the ...

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Номер записи: 67
01-03-2018 дата публикации

Apparatus and Method for Generating Metal Ions in a Fluid Stream

Номер: US20180057368A1
Автор: Dooley Joseph B., Hubrig Jeffrey G.
Принадлежит: INNOVATION SERVICES, INC.

An apparatus for providing metal ions to a fluid waste stream includes a housing having an inlet port and an outlet port through which the fluid waste stream enters and exits the housing. Within the housing and between the inlet and outlet ports is an electrode assembly that includes first electrode ring assemblies and second electrode ring assemblies. Each first electrode ring assembly includes a first tubular section formed of electrically insulative material and has an interior through which the fluid waste stream flows. One or more first electrode plates span the interior of the first tubular section and contact the fluid waste stream. Each second electrode ring assembly includes a second tubular section formed of electrically insulative material and has an interior through which the fluid waste stream flows. One or more second electrode plates span the interior of the second tubular section and contact the fluid waste stream. The first tubular sections of the first electrode ring assemblies are in fluid communication with the second tubular sections of the second electrode ring assemblies. 1. An apparatus for providing metal ions to a fluid waste stream , the apparatus comprising:a housing having an inlet port through which the fluid waste stream enters the housing and an outlet port through which the fluid waste stream exits the housing; and [ a first tubular section formed of electrically insulative material, the first tubular section having an interior through which flows the fluid waste stream; and', 'one or more first electrode plates that span a portion of the interior of the first tubular section and contact the fluid waste stream, the one or more first electrode plates formed at least partially of a first metal; and, 'one or more first electrode assemblies, each comprising, a second tubular section formed of electrically insulative material, the second tubular section having an interior through which flows the fluid waste stream; and', 'one or more ...

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Номер записи: 68
01-03-2018 дата публикации

ELECTROLYSIS NANO ION WATER GENERATOR

Номер: US20180057369A1
Автор: LO Cheng-Wen, LU Hung-Tu, SI Tak-Ngai Samuel, TAI Ming-Yan
Принадлежит:

An electrolysis nano ion water generator includes a cathode electrolytic tank, an anode electrolytic tank, an ion exchange membrane, and two electrolytic plates. During the electrolysis process, gases are generated and stay between the cathode electrolytic plate and the anode electrolytic plate. By adjusting the distance between the cathode electrolytic plate and the anode electrolytic plate, the gases can be removed from the area. 1. An electrolysis nano ion water generator , comprising:a cathode electrolytic tank storing pre-electrolyzed water, wherein the cathode electrolytic tank comprises a cathode electrolytic plate, which is disposed near to an inner side of the cathode electrolytic tank;an anode electrolytic tank storing an aqueous electrolyte solution, wherein the anode electrolytic tank comprises an anode electrolytic plate, which is disposed near to an inner side of the anode electrolytic tank;an ion exchange membrane disposed between the cathode electrolytic tank and the anode electrolytic tank;a DC power supply module comprising a negative electrode coupled to the cathode electrolytic plate and a positive electrode coupled to the anode electrolytic plate, wherein the DC power supply module supplies a direct current between the cathode electrolytic plate and the anode electrolytic plate to electrolyze the pre-electrolyzed water and the aqueous electrolyte solution, and cations generated in the anode electrolytic tank permeate through the ion exchange membrane to produce electrolysis nano ion water; anda regulation module comprising two slide rails respectively disposed on two edges of the electrolysis nano ion water generator, wherein each slide rail comprises a gripper that holds an edge of the cathode electrolytic plate and another gripper that holds an edge of the anode electrolytic plate, and each gripper slides along the corresponding slide rail.2. The electrolysis nano ion water generator of claim 1 , further comprising a flow control device ...

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Номер записи: 69
01-03-2018 дата публикации

DETECTION AND REMOVAL OF SELENATE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Номер: US20180057371A1
Автор: Scherson Daniel A., Strobl Jonathan
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for detecting and/or removing selenate from an aqueous selenate-containing solution are described. The method includes adding sufficient acid to the aqueous selenate-containing solution to acidify the aqueous selenate-containing solution; contacting the acidic aqueous selenate-containing solution with an underpotantial deposited copper-coated electrode; and removing selenate from the aqueous selenate-containing solution by forming copper-selenide on the underpotential copper-coated electrode. 1. A method for removing selenate from an aqueous selenate-containing solution , comprising the steps of:adding sufficient acid to the aqueous selenate-containing solution to acidify the aqueous selenate-containing solution;contacting the acidic aqueous selenate-containing solution with an underpotential copper-coated electrode; andremoving selenate from the aqueous selenate-containing solution by forming copper-selenide on the underpotential copper-coated electrode.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the underpotential copper-coated electrode is formed by contacting an electrode with an acidic copper-containing aqueous solution and applying sufficient potential to the electrode to form an underpotential copper-coated electrode.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the copper-containing aqueous solution is formed by contacting an acidic aqueous selenate-containing solution with a copper (II) salt.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the potential of the electrode is from about 0.55 to 0.33 V RHE during formation of the underpotential copper-coated electrode.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is a gold electrode.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of regenerating the electrode.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the electrode is regenerated by removing copper from the copper-selenide-coated electrode claim 6 , and then releasing selenium from the electrode by applying a positive voltage to the electrode.8. The method of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 70
01-03-2018 дата публикации

ELECTROLYSIS ELECTRODE AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE AND USING SAME IN WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20180057952A1
Автор: Hoffmann Michael R., Yang Yang
Принадлежит:

A heterojunction anode for electrolysis is disclosed. The anode has a first conductive metal oxide (FCMO) layer, a second semiconductor layer contacting the FCMO layer, and one or more islands of a third semiconductor contacting the second semiconductor layer. The FCMO layer may be formed on a metallic base, such as titanium. The FCMO layer may include iridium, the second semiconductor layer may include titanium oxide, and the third semiconductor may include tin oxide. The anode may be manufactured using spray pyrolysis to apply each semiconductor material. The anode may be configured such that when placed in an electrolyte at least a portion of the second semiconductor layer and the islands are in direct physical contact with the electrolyte. The second semiconductor interlayer and third semiconductor islands enhance the production of reactive chlorine in chlorinated water. A water treatment system and method using the anode are also disclosed. 1. An electrolysis anode , comprising:a first conductive metal oxide layer;a second semiconductor layer contacting the first conductive metal oxide layer; andone or more islands of a third semiconductor contacting the second semiconductor layer.2. The anode of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive metal oxide layer includes Iridium.3. The anode of claim 2 , wherein the first conductive metal oxide layer includes IrTaO.4. The anode of claim 3 , wherein a mass loading of IrTaOin the first conductive metal oxide layer is a value selected from the group consisting of about 0.3 mg/cmand about 0.05 mg/cm.5. The anode of claim 1 , wherein the second semiconductor layer includes TiO.6. The anode of claim 5 , wherein the second semiconductor layer includes cobalt doped titanium oxide.7. The anode of claim 1 , wherein the third semiconductor includes tin dioxide.8. The anode of claim 1 , further comprising:a metal conductor contacting the first conductive metal oxide layer.9. The anode of claim 8 , wherein the metal conductor is ...

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Номер записи: 71
17-03-2022 дата публикации

WATER TREATMENT THROUGH OZONE GENERATED FROM AN INVERTIBLE OZONATION CAP ATTACHABLE TO A VESSEL

Номер: US20220081327A1
Автор: DeMyer Marianna
Принадлежит: Roving Blue, Inc.

Disclosed is a method, a device, and/or a system of water treatment through ozone generated from an invertible ozonation cap attachable to a vessel. In one embodiment, a cap for treating water inside a vessel includes an exterior surface of the cap, a fastener for attaching the cap to an opening of the vessel, a power source, an electrolytic ozone generator comprising an electrode that generates dissolved ozone and/or ozone gas when both the electrode is exposed to the water and a current from the power source is applied to the electrode, and an interior surface of the cap that exposes an anode of the electrode such that the water inside the vessel can contact the anode when the cap is inverted such that the dissolved zone and/or ozone gas rises up through the water of the vessel for increased water treatment effectiveness. 1. A cap for treating water inside a vessel , comprising:an exterior surface of the cap,a fastener for attaching the cap to an opening of the vessel,a power source,an electrode that generates ozone gas when both the electrode is exposed to the water and a current from the power source is applied to the electrode, andan interior surface of the cap that exposes an anode of the electrode such that the water inside the vessel can contact the anode when the cap is inverted such that the ozone gas rises up through the water of the vessel for increased water treatment effectiveness.2. The cap of claim 1 , further comprising:an activation switch that when activated supplies the current to the electrode, anda timer that when expiring stops the current to the electrode.3. The cap of claim 1 , further comprising:at least one of a surface fastener enabling fixation of the cap in an inverted position and a resting base enabling resting of the cap on a level surface in the inverted position.4. The cap of claim 1 , further comprising:a lighting element attached to the cap and configured to illuminate the water inside the vessel for visible indication of ...

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Номер записи: 72
12-03-2015 дата публикации

INTEGRATED MEMBRANE SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTED WATER TREATMENT

Номер: US20150068977A1
Автор: Eliosov Boris, Libman Vyacheslav
Принадлежит:

Integrated membrane treatment systems for treatment of an aqueous solution. In embodiments, components, such as an MBR, are integrated with means to recover energy from the system, for example from an RO concentrate, to operate the other components. In embodiments including biological treatment, RO is integrated with other components, such as an MBR with the ROs ability to remove inorganic nitrogen enabling biological treatment to be performed with only partial nitrification and the MBR operated without active pH control. In embodiments, RO is integrated with a chlorine generator to convert chlorides present in the RO concentrate for an in-situ source of oxidizing biocides for disinfection purposes. Chloramines may be generated in-situ from residual ammonia and chlorides in the RO reject. In embodiments, carrier media is employed in a membrane tank to enhance removal of residual organics by the MBR and to also improve effectiveness of membrane scouring. 1. A water treatment system , comprising:a vessel for filtration or treatment of an aqueous solution;a reverse osmosis (RO) unit; andan electrolytic cell in fluid communication with an RO concentrate outlet, the electrolytic cell operative to convert a salt in the RO concentrate into an oxidizing species, wherein the electrolytic cell is coupled to at least one of the vessel and RO unit for disinfection by the oxidizing species or reaction products thereof.2. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing species comprises chlorine and wherein the reaction product comprises a chloramine product of a reaction between residual ammonia in the RO concentrate and the oxidizing species.3. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic cell has an outlet coupled downstream of the vessel for conduction of the oxidizing species to the RO inlet.4. The water treatment system of claim 1 , further comprising a backwash apparatus to intermittently provide a liquid back-pulse from an effluent side ...

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Номер записи: 73
08-03-2018 дата публикации

CONFIGURATION FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT

Номер: US20180065867A1
Автор: Hale Brian R., Vogel Jeremy
Принадлежит: Bioionix, Inc.

An electrochemical water treatment apparatus includes a treatment chamber formed by at least one wall and having an opening formed along the side for substantially the length of the treatment chamber, with a mounting plate applied to the opening. A set of cathodes and anodes are mounted to the mounting plate and positioned inside the chamber, each of the anodes having at least one cathode positioned on each of the two sides of the respective anode. At least two anode bus bars and two cathode bus bars are provided, each bus bar connectable to the power supply and connected to the respective electrodes near a respective end of the electrodes. An inlet adapter has a smaller cross sectional area at the first end connected to the treatment chamber inlet end, and a larger cross sectional area at the opposite end connected to the source of water to be treated. An outlet adapter has a smaller cross sectional area at the first end connected to the treatment chamber outlet end, and a larger cross sectional area at the second end connected to the destination for the treated water. 1. An electrochemical water treatment apparatus , for electrical connection to a power supply , and for connection to a source of water to be treated , the treated water thereafter being permitted to flow to a destination , the apparatus comprising:a treatment chamber formed by at least one wall and having a length, an inlet end and an outlet end, and at least one side, the treatment chamber having an opening formed along the side for substantially the length of the treatment chamber;a mounting plate covering the opening, so as to seal the side of the chamber and prevent water to be treated from escaping via the opening;a plurality of cathodes, each having two ends, mounted to the mounting plate and positioned inside the chamber;a plurality of anodes, each having two sides and two ends, mounted to the mounting plate and positioned inside the chamber, each of the anodes having at least one cathode ...

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Номер записи: 74
29-05-2014 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TREATING AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND CONTAMINANTS THEREIN

Номер: US20140144789A1
Автор: Asmuth Anton, Barry Terence P., Barry Thomas P., Myre Jake
Принадлежит: AquaMost, Inc.

The present disclosure is generally directed to devices and methods of treating aqueous solutions to help remove or otherwise reduce levels, concentrations or amounts of one or more contaminants. The present disclosure relates to a apparatus including a substantially self-contained housing or container which is adapted to receive components including at least one counterelectrode (e.g. cathode) and at least one photoelectrode (e.g. anode) provided or arranged around at least one UV light source, and/or receive, contain and/or circulate fluid or aqueous solution. 1. An apparatus for removing or reducing the level of contaminants in a solution comprising:a housing having first opposing end and a second opposing end and at least partially defining a cavity having a cavity wall and a cavity length;a light tube provided within the cavity and adapted to help disburse or otherwise provide ultraviolet radiation over most of the cavity length;a photoelectrode provided around the light tube; a counterelectrode provided in the space between the photoelectrode and the cavity wall, and a separator provided between the photoelectrode and counterelectrode;wherein the photoelectrode comprises a primarily titanium foil support with a layer of titanium dioxide provided on at least one surface the photoelectrode; andwherein the photoelectrode and counterelectrode are each coupled to a respective terminal adapted to be electrically coupled to a power supply.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a first end assembly member coupled to the first opposing end of the housing and further defining the cavity.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising a second end assembly member coupled to the second opposing end of the housing and further defining the cavity.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first end assembly member defines an inlet aperture into the cavity.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the second end assembly member defines an outlet aperture into the ...

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Номер записи: 75
19-03-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR REMOVAL OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS AND DISINFECTION OF WATER

Номер: US20150076076A1
Автор: Anderson Dave, Charneski William, Eckelberry Nicholas
Принадлежит: ORIGINOIL, INC.

A system for removal of suspended solids and disinfection of an aqueous medium by electrolysis is disclosed. The system comprises a plurality of electrode assemblies configured to generate hydrogen gas and halides. Each electrode assembly comprises an inner electrode made of a non-donating conductive material and an outer electrode configured to sheath the inner anode. The outer electrode comprises a conductive material and a plurality of apertures. Power is supplied to the electrode assemblies and electrolysis occurs to generate hydrogen gas and halides. The halides disinfect the aqueous medium and the hydrogen gas entrains suspended solids to the surface of the aqueous medium. The suspended solids are removed from the surface of the aqueous medium. 2. The electrode assembly of claim 1 , wherein the non-donating material of the inner electrode further comprises platinum claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , osmium claim 1 , iridium claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The electrode assembly of claim 1 , wherein the non-donating material of the inner electrode further comprises titanium claim 1 , carbon claim 1 , conductive plastic or combinations thereof.4. The electrode assembly of claim 1 , wherein the inner electrode comprises a support substrate coated with a non-donating conductive material.5. The electrode assembly of claim 1 , wherein the outer electrode comprises stainless steel.6. The electrode assembly of claim 1 , wherein the outer electrode comprises a non-donating conductive material.7. The electrode assembly of claim 1 , wherein the non-donating material of the outer electrode further comprises platinum claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , osmium claim 1 , iridium claim 1 , or combinations thereof.8. The electrode assembly of claim 1 , wherein the non-donating material of the outer electrode further comprises claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , carbon claim 1 , conductive plastic claim 1 , or ...

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Номер записи: 76
05-03-2020 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL PHOTO-ELECTRODIALYSIS

Номер: US20200070094A1
Автор: Al Saedi Abdulsattar Hashim Ghanim, CWIERTNY David, Hussaini Syed Mubeen Jawahar, Lee Joun, YOUNG TIM
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA RESEARCH FOUNDATION

A three-dimensional photo/electrodialysis unit includes four compartments. A first compartment holds a three-dimensional electrode and a group of one or more electrochemically active redox species. A first electroactive cation selective membrane couples the first compartment to a second compartment that provides a first feedstock. An electroactive anion selective membrane couples the second compartment to a third compartment that provides a second feedstock. And a second electroactive cation selective membrane couples the third compartment to a fourth compartment 1. A three-dimensional photo/electrodialysis unit comprising:a first compartment to hold a three-dimensional electrode, and a group of one or more electrochemically active redox species;a first electroactive cation selective membrane to couple the first compartment to a second compartment, the second compartment to provide a first feedstock;an electroactive anion selective membrane to couple the second compartment to a third compartment, the third compartment to provide a second feedstock; anda second electroactive cation selective membrane to couple the third compartment to a fourth compartment, the fourth compartment to hold a second group of one or more electrochemically active redox species.2. The three-dimensional photo/electrodialysis unit of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional electrode includes a packed bed conductive beads or a conductive foam.3. The three-dimensional photo/electrodialysis unit of claim 2 , wherein the packed bed beads conductive beads comprises one or more of carbon claim 2 , silica claim 2 , meso/nanoporous silica claim 2 , meso/nanoporous zirconia claim 2 , meso/nanoporous hafnia claim 2 , meso/nanoNi claim 2 , Co claim 2 , Fe claim 2 , Si claim 2 , Ag claim 2 , Au claim 2 , Ru claim 2 , Rh claim 2 , Pt claim 2 , Pd claim 2 , GaAs claim 2 , Si claim 2 , GaN.4. The three-dimensional photo/electrodialysis unit of claim 2 , wherein the conductive foam of the three-dimensional ...

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Номер записи: 77
26-03-2015 дата публикации

Chemical Injector

Номер: US20150083671A1
Автор: Bess James W., Coin Richard J., SR. Brian S., Whitmore
Принадлежит: JCS INDUSTRIES

A chemical injector includes a body forming a fluid passage extending from an inlet through an outlet, an injection port connected to the fluid passage, an anodic portion of the fluid passage having a first electrical charge and a cathode having a second electrical charge in communication with the fluid passage. The fluid passage may include a constriction such as in an orifice or venturi device. 1. A chemical injector , comprising:a body forming a fluid passage extending from an inlet through an outlet;an injection port connected to the fluid passage;an anodic portion of the fluid passage having a first electrical charge; anda cathode having a second electrical charge in communication with the fluid passage.2. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is disposed in the fluid passage downstream of the injection port.3. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is disposed in the fluid passage upstream of the injection port.4. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is a rod-shaped member disposed in the fluid passage and extending parallel to a longitudinal axis of the fluid passage.5. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is a rod-shaped member disposed in the fluid passage and extending substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the fluid passage.6. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the cathode forms a portion of the fluid passage.7. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the anode portion of the fluid passage comprises titanium and a noble metal coating a surface of the fluid passage.8. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the anode portion extends from the inlet to the outlet and wherein the cathode is disposed in the fluid passage.9. The injector of claim 1 , wherein the passage comprises a constriction between the inlet and the outlet and the injection port is positioned adjacent to the constriction.10. The injector of claim 9 , wherein the cathode is a rod-shaped member disposed in the fluid passage.11. The injector of claim 9 , ...

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Номер записи: 78
12-06-2014 дата публикации

Process For Generating Oxygenated Water

Номер: US20140158637A1
Автор: Phillip Laurence Franshaw
Принадлежит: Slate Group LLC

A method for increasing the quantity of dissolved oxygen in water includes addition of an oxidant to the water to increase the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the water to between about 400 and 850 mV, followed by electrolysis to generate oxygen gas. The voltage applied to the electrolytic cells during electrolysis is less than 300 mV. The dissolved oxygen content of the water exiting the electrolytic cell is about 90% of saturation to super saturation.

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Номер записи: 79
31-03-2022 дата публикации

BIOFOULING REMOVAL AND MITIGATION USING DIRECT ELECTRICAL SHOCK TECHNOLOGY

Номер: US20220097006A1
Автор: GHAFFOUR Noreddine, KERDI Sarah, QAMAR Adnan, VROUWENVELDER Johannes
Принадлежит:

A biofouling/biofilm removal system includes a filtration module configured to separate a permeate from a feed; a first inert electrode placed at an inlet of the filtration module; a second inert electrode placed at an outlet of the filtration module; and a power source configured to apply a current between the first and second electrodes. The inlet is configured to receive the feed and the outlet is configured to discard a concentrate, and the current applied between the first and second electrodes initiates electrochemical reactions inside the feed and along a biofilm formed in the filtration module, but not into the permeate. 1. A biofouling removal system comprising:a filtration module configured to separate a permeate from a feed;a first inert electrode placed at an inlet of the filtration module;a second inert electrode placed at an outlet of the filtration module; anda power source configured to apply a current between the first and second electrodes,wherein the inlet is configured to receive the feed and the outlet is configured to discard a concentrate, andwherein the current applied between the first and second electrodes initiates electrochemical reactions inside the feed and along a biofilm formed in the filtration module, but not into the permeate.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is positively biased and the feed is saline water so that an electrolysis reaction that takes place when the first electrode is positively biased generates chlorine gas bubbles at the inlet of the filtration module.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein neither of the first and second electrodes is in direct contact with the filtration module.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the filtration module is a spiral wound membrane module that includes a membrane claim 3 , a feed spacer and the biofilm is formed on a surface of the membrane.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the current flows only in the feed claim 4 , on a feed side of the membrane.6. The system of ...

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Номер записи: 80
31-03-2022 дата публикации

ELECTROLYZED OZONE WATER GENERATOR COMPOSED OF COATED TITANIUM ANODES

Номер: US20220098063A1
Автор: HSU MING-YUNG, HSU Wei-Chun
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure exhibits an electrolyzed ozone water ozone water generator composed of coated titanium anode. An electrolyzed ozone water composed of coated titanium anode includes n anodes and n+1 cathodes, wherein the anodes are coated titanium anodes, and the cathodes are titanium cathodes or stainless-steel cathodes. The coated titanium anode includes a titanium substrate and a tin dioxide coating layer doped with ruthenium and nickel, which is made by etching and drying the titanium substrate roughened by sandblasting, and then evenly spreading the titanium substrate with a tin dioxide coating solution doped with ruthenium and nickel, and drying, and thermally decomposing the coating material. The anode and cathode are immersed in water with a conductivity greater than 30 μs/cm, powered by a constant current, and the power supply voltage ranges from 3.5 to 12V. The water is electrolyzed under the action of an electric field, and the oxygen ions generate ozone microbubbles under the action of the anode catalyst. The ozone microbubbles rapidly dissolve into the water directly generating ozone water. The generator of the present disclosure is environmentally friendly, low cost, simple process operation, and easy to scale production; the generator is easy to replace, convenient to use, simple in structure and low in cost. 1. An electrolyzed ozone water generator composed of coated titanium anode , characterized in that the electrolyzed ozone water generator comprises n anodes being coated titanium anodes and n+1 cathodes being titanium cathodes or stainless-steel cathodes , n is an integer , n≥1; the coated titanium anode includes a titanium substrate and a tin dioxide coating layer doped with ruthenium and nickel , wherein in the coating layer doped with ruthenium and nickel , the atomic ratio of tin and ruthenium is 6:1˜10:1 , and the atomic ratio of ruthenium and nickel is 3:1˜10:1.214131413141315171514131215111111111214131918. The electrolyzed ozone ...

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Номер записи: 81
25-03-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISINFECTING AND REMOVING BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM WATER TO BE INJECTED IN AN UNDERWATER INJECTION WELL

Номер: US20210087080A1
Автор: Lunde Helge, Pinchin David
Принадлежит: Seabox AS

A system for disinfecting and removing biological material from water to be injected into an injection well in a water body is described; the system includes: at least one apparatus for the gravitational precipitation of particles from water, which is connected, in terms of fluid, to a source of untreated water and to the injection well; and an apparatus for the addition of an oxidant for the disinfection of water, which is connected in terms of fluid to the apparatus for the gravitational precipitation of particles, a source of untreated water and to the injection well such that the apparatus for the gravitational precipitation of particles is positioned downstream relative to the apparatus for the addition of an oxidant for disinfection. The disclosure also relates to a method for disinfecting and removal of biological material from injection water. 1. A system for disinfecting and removing biological material from water for subsequent injection into an injection well within a body of water , the system comprising:an apparatus for addition of an oxidant to the water; andan apparatus for gravitational precipitation of the biological material from the water, wherein the apparatus for gravitational precipitation of the biological material is positioned downstream relative to the apparatus for addition of the oxidant, and wherein the apparatus for addition of the oxidant is connected to the apparatus for gravitational precipitation of biological material, and the source of the water, and the apparatus for gravitational precipitation of biological material is connected to apparatus for addition of the oxidant and to the injection well within a body of water.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one apparatus for the addition of an oxidant is an apparatus for the addition of chlorine.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the at least one apparatus for the addition of chlorine to the water includes a container comprising chlorine in a solid or semisolid state.4. ...

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Номер записи: 82
25-03-2021 дата публикации

Electrochlorination System Configurations for the Generation of High Product Strength Solutions

Номер: US20210087081A1
Автор: Beddoes Paul, Dukes Simon, Griffis Joshua, Rogers Peter G.
Принадлежит:

An electrochlorination system comprises a source of feed fluid, a product fluid outlet, and a plurality of electrochemical cells connected fluidically between the source of feed fluid and the product fluid outlet. The system is configured to operate at least one of the plurality of electrochemical cells at one of a first current density or a first flow rate, and to operate another of the plurality of electrochemical cells at a second current density or second flow rate different from the respective first current density or first flow rate. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electrochemical cells are series electrochemical cells fluidically connected in series.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electrochemical cells are parallel electrochemical cells fluidically connected in parallel.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electrochemical cells includes one or more series electrochemical cells that are fluidically connected in series with one or more parallel electrochemical cells that are fluidically connected in parallel.5. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of electrochemical cells are electrically connected in series.6. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of electrochemical cells are electrically connected in parallel.7. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of electrochemical cells includes one or more electrochemical cells that are electrically connected in series with one or more electrochemical cells that are electrically connected in parallel.8. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of electrochemical cells includes one or more electrochemical cells that are electrically independent of others of the plurality of electrochemical cells.9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a controller configured to operate a first electrochemical cell fluidically upstream of a second electrochemical cell at the first current density and to operate the second electrochemical cell at the ...

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Номер записи: 83
25-03-2021 дата публикации

ELECTROGENERATION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES WITHOUT EXTERNAL OXYGEN SUPPLY

Номер: US20210087082A1
Автор: Alshawabkeh Akram, Rajic Ljiljana, Zhao Yuwei
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a method of removal of an organic pollutant from an aqueous solution, comprising: a) contacting the solution with an anode and a cathode comprising a carbon material; b) applying electrical current to the anode, thereby generating reactive oxygen species; b) oxidizing the organic pollutant with the reactive oxygen species; and c) regenerating the carbon material. Also disclosed is a method of producing reactive oxygen species, comprising: a) flowing an aqeous solution through a reactor comprising at least one cathode and at least one anode; b) applying electrical current to the at least one anode; and c) collecting a product solution comprising reactive oxygen species. 1. A method of removal of an organic pollutant from an aqueous solution , comprising:a) contacting the aqueous solution with an anode and a cathode comprising a carbon material;b) applying electrical current to the anode, thereby generating reactive oxygen species;b) oxidizing the organic pollutant with the reactive oxygen species; andc) regenerating the carbon material.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon material is activated carbon.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon material is biochar.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the biochar is a bamboo-derived biochar.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises a carbon material enclosed in a liquid-permeable membrane.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the liquid-permeable membrane is a stainless steel mesh.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cathode contains activated carbon or biochar claim 1 , and the activated carbon or the biochar is enclosed in a stainless steel mesh.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is about 3 to about 8.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution does not comprise Fe.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cathode does not comprise a binder.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactive oxygen species is HO.12. A method of producing ...

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Номер записи: 84
25-03-2021 дата публикации

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Номер: US20210087085A1
Автор: Chen Peilin, Chen Yonggui, Hsu Yaw Yuan, Huang Zhi Xiong
Принадлежит: Intex Marketing Ltd.

A water treatment system () includes an ozone generator () combined with an electrolytic chlorine generator () in a compact, efficient and serviceable assembly. The system () may include a modular and replaceable ozone generator (), which allows a damaged or non-functional ozone generator () to be quickly and efficiently replaced. In order to protect the ozone generator () from damage, a fail-safe drain valve assembly may also be provided which will expel backflowing pool water before it is allowed to backflow into the ozone generator (). The water treatment system () may further include an insulated electrolytic chlorine generator () that mitigates or eliminates leakage current for efficient operation. 1. A water treatment system configured for use with a pool , the water treatment system comprising:a housing defining a chamber and including a first mating structure and a nozzle receiver;a cover removably coupled to the housing to selectively open and close the chamber; andan ozone generator removably received within the chamber, the ozone generator including a second mating structure and a discharge nozzle configured to discharge ozone gas; the second mating structure mates with the first mating structure; and', 'the discharge nozzle sealingly engages the nozzle receiver to discharge ozone gas to the nozzle receiver., 'wherein, when the ozone generator is seated in the chamber2. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the first mating structure is at least one rail and the second mating structure is at least one groove.3. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the housing further includes a fan configured to discharge air from the chamber to cool the ozone generator.4. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the nozzle receiver includes a tapered surface configured to guide the discharge nozzle into sealing engagement with the nozzle receiver.5. The water treatment system of claim 1 , further comprising:a first fluid passageway including ...

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Номер записи: 85
19-06-2014 дата публикации

WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20140166498A1
Автор: Orolin Barbara A., Orolin John J.
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the invention are directed to systems and methods for purifying fluids, such as water. In some embodiments, the water is first filtered by known filtering methods, such as by reverse osmosis or distillation. Once a flow is sensed in the fluid, electrolyte is added to the filtered fluid. Oxygen and hydrogen gas is then formed in the electrolytic filtered fluid via electrolysis to provide a treated fluid. 1. A system comprising:an inlet configured to receive a fluid;a reverse osmosis system in fluid communication with the inlet and configured to filter the received fluid and to output a filtered fluid;a pump configured to pump electrolyte;a mixing channel having first and second inlets and an outlet, the first inlet being configured to receive the filtered fluid and the second inlet being configured to receive the electrolyte, the mixing channel being configured to mix the filtered fluid with the electrolyte to provide a mixed fluid at its outlet;an electrocatalytic cell having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the mixing channel, the electrocatalytic cell being configured to receive the mixed fluid and to generate oxygen gas in the mixed fluid and to provide a treated fluid at an outlet; anda tap configured to output the treated fluid.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:a flow sensor configured to generate a signal in response to sensing fluid flow of the mixed fluid; anda circuit board that includes electrical components, at least one electrical component being configured to receive the signal from the flow sensor, at least one electrical component being configured to activate the electrocatalytic cell in response to the received signal.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising an ultraviolet radiation device positioned in a flow path after the electrocatalytic cell and configured to expose the treated fluid to ultraviolet radiation before the tap outputs the treated fluid.4. The system of wherein the electrolyte ...

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Номер записи: 86
29-03-2018 дата публикации

ELECTROLYSIS ELECTRODE FEATURING NANOTUBE ARRAY AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE AND USING SAME FOR WATER TREATMENT

Номер: US20180086652A1
Автор: Hoffmann Michael R., Yang Yang
Принадлежит:

An electrolysis electrode having an array of nanotubes is disclosed. The electrode may provide high chlorine evolution and hydroxyl radical production activity for electrochemical wastewater treatment. The electrode includes a substrate and a nanotube array contacting the substrate. A semiconductor material overlays the top surface of the nanotube array. The nanotube array may be a stabilized blue-black TiOnanotube array, and the overlying semiconductor material may include TiO. Several other improvements may enhance the service life of the electrode. For example, the electrode may be subjected to secondary anodization to enhance the binding between the nanotube array and substrate. During manufacture the electrode may be processed with ethanol to reduce cracks in the nanotube array. Additionally, during electrolysis the voltage polarity applied the electrode may be periodically switched so that the electrode operates alternatively as an anode or a cathode depending on the voltage polarity. 1. An electrolysis electrode , comprising:a substrate;a nanotube array having a top surface and a bottom surface, the bottom surface contacting the substrate; anda semiconductor layer contacting the top surface of the nanotube array.2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nanotube array comprises TiO.3. The electrode of claim 2 , wherein the nanotube array comprises blue-black TiO.4. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor layer includes TiO.5. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor layer is about 100 nm thick.6. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor layer is applied by spray pyrolysis at a mass loading between 1.0 mg/cmand 0.5 mg/cm.7. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor layer is applied by spray pyrolysis at a mass loading of about 0.5 mg/cm.8. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a metal conductor.9. The electrode of claim 8 , wherein the metal conductor is titanium.10. A water purification system ...

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Номер записи: 87
31-03-2016 дата публикации

ELECTRO-CHEMICAL FILTER APPARATUS

Номер: US20160090314A1
Автор: DALE Jason Jonathan
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a process apparatus and associated method comprising at least one elongate hollow semi-permeable member, at least one anode and at least one cathode. The anode and cathode are arranged radially and concentrically with respect to the semi-permeable member. 1. A process apparatus comprising at least one elongate hollow semi-permeable member , at least one anode and at least one cathode wherein the anode and cathode are arranged radially and concentrically with respect to the semi-permeable member.2. The process apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein adjacent anodes and cathodes alternate between cathode and an anode to define an electrolysis zone therebetween.3. The process apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sequence of anode and cathode when viewed radially inwards or outwards from the elongate hollow semi-permeable member is selected from the following:(i) Cathode, Anode;(ii) Anode, Cathode;(iii) Anode, Cathode, Anode;(iv) Cathode, Anode, Cathode;(v) Anode, Cathode, Anode, Cathode;(vi) Cathode, Anode, Cathode, Anode;(vii) Cathode, Anode, Cathode, Anode, Cathode; or(viii) Anode, Cathode, Anode, Cathode, Anode.4. The process apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hollow semi-permeable member is formed as a cathode or anode.5. The process apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the hollow semi-permeable member is a hollow and semi-permeable cathode and an anode is located radially and concentrically with respect thereto claim 4 , or wherein the hollow semi-permeable member is a hollow and semi-permeable anode and a cathode is located radially and concentrically with respect thereto.6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. The process apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hollow semi-permeable member is a filter element.9. (canceled)10. The process apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the anode and or cathode extend around substantially the entire circumference of an adjacent anode or cathode.11. The process apparatus as ...

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Номер записи: 88
12-03-2020 дата публикации

MICROBIAL FUEL CELL CATHODE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

Номер: US20200083553A1
Автор: Carlton Alex, SOLINA Brent A.
Принадлежит: MICRORGANIC TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Provided is a microbial fuel cell including a cathode and an anode, wherein the cathode includes a waterproof gas diffusion layer including a siloxane and a catalyst layer including a binder, wherein a surface of the gas diffusion layer opposite the catalyst layer contacts air, and the anode includes electrogenic bacteria. Also provided is a method for making a microbial fuel cell, including fabricating a cathode, wherein fabricating includes disposing a siloxane solution onto a surface of a substrate, wherein the siloxane solution includes a siloxane and a solvent, drying the siloxane solution to form a waterproof gas diffusion layer, and placing the gas diffusion layer on a catalyst layer including a binder, and facing an anode with the cathode whereby the gas diffusion layer faces away from the anode and contacts air. 1. A microbial fuel cell comprisinga cathode, an anode, and a current collector for the cathode, whereinthe cathode comprises a waterproof gas diffusion layer and a catalyst layer,the waterproof gas diffusion layer comprises a siloxane and a surface that contacts air, wherein the surface that contacts air is opposite the catalyst layer and the current collector for the cathode,the catalyst layer comprises a binder, andthe anode comprises electrogenic bacteria.2. The microbial fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the surface of the gas diffusion layer that contacts air comprises a textured surface.3. The microbial fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises polyvinylidene fluoride claim 1 , polytetrafluoroethylene claim 1 , polysulfone claim 1 , polyphenyl sulfone claim 1 , polypyrole claim 1 , poly(p-phenylene vinylene) claim 1 , poly-analine claim 1 , or tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro-3 claim 1 ,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonic acid copolymer.4. The microbial fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst layer comprises carbon black claim 1 , metal shavings claim 1 , manganese oxide claim 1 , polypyrole claim 1 , poly p-phenylenevinylene claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 89
05-05-2022 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MEDIATION OF PFAS CONTAMINATION IN AN ENVIRONMENT

Номер: US20220135445A1
Автор: Jackson Kevin B., Moore Randall P.
Принадлежит:

A method of moderating concentration of at least highly fluorinated alkyl materials from a contaminated aqueous feed liquid containing an original composition of between 60 parts per trillion and 300 parts per billion of the at least highly fluorinated materials per liter of water into an aqueous electronic separator having at least three chambers including a feed chamber having a liquid exit port from which a mediated aqueous contaminated feed liquid exits and a liquid input port into which the contaminated aqueous feed liquid enters the feed chamber; an anodic electrode chamber filled with an aqueous anodic liquid; and a cathodic electrode chamber filled with an aqueous cathodic liquid; wherein the feed chamber is between and adjacent to the anodic electrode chamber and the cathodic electrode chamber and the feed chamber is separated from each of the anodic electrode chamber and the cathodic electrode chamber by at least one semipermeable membrane.

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Номер записи: 90
05-05-2022 дата публикации

ELECTROLYSIS CELL FOR AN ELECTROLYTIC TREATMENT OF A LIQUID

Номер: US20220135447A1
Автор: HUAULT Jean-François, OSANNO Nicolas
Принадлежит:

Electrolytic cell for an electrolytic treatment of a liquid, the electrolytic cell comprising including a receptacle defining an electrolysis chamber; a first set of conductive plates, a second set of conductive plates, and a third set of conductive plates, which are arranged in the electrolysis chamber, the conductive plates of the first, second and third sets extending radially in relation to the longitudinal axis (A) of the receptacle; an electrical power source configured to supply electricity to the conductive plates of the first, second and third sets; a switching device configured to interrupt the electricity supply to the conductive plates of the first, second and third sets and to modify the electrical connection between the conductive plates of the first, second and third sets and positive and negative terminals of the electrical power source; and a control unit configured to control the switching device according to an operating cycle.

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Номер записи: 91
05-05-2022 дата публикации

Continuous method for reducing the amount of organic compounds in wastewater

Номер: US20220135459A1
Автор: Christoph Herwig, Heike Heckroth, Nicole Mahler, Rainer Weber
Принадлежит: Covestro Deutschland AG

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of organic compounds in wastewater, comprising providing a wastewater comprising NaCl in a concentration of at least 6% (w/v), contacting said hypersaline wastewater with a halophilic microorganism, and reducing the 5 amount of organic compounds by said halophilic microorganism in the presence of at least one substrate which has been added to the wastewater and which allows for the growth of said halophilic microorganism, wherein the reduction of the amount of organic components is carried out as a continuous process in bioreactor.

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Номер записи: 92
19-03-2020 дата публикации

CHLORINATION-ASSISTED COAGULATION PROCESSES FOR WATER PURIFICATION

Номер: US20200087173A1
Автор: Raynel Guillaume Robert Jean-Francois, Vilagines Regis Didier Alain
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

Chlorination-assisted coagulation processes and systems are disclosed for removing organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous compositions and streams such as produced water generated by petroleum production operations. The chlorination-assisted coagulation process includes converting at least a portion of chloride ions in the aqueous composition to hypochlorite ions or hypochlorous acid by passing an electric current through at least a portion of the aqueous composition under anaerobic conditions, the aqueous composition including the chloride ions, iron (II) compounds, and one or more organic compounds. The chlorination-assisted coagulation process further includes reacting at least a portion of the iron (II) compounds of the aqueous composition with the hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid to produce iron (III) ions, and coagulating the one or more organic compounds with the iron (III) ions to produce a plurality of insoluble solid particles in a treated aqueous composition. 1. A system for treating an aqueous composition , the system comprising:an electro-chlorination system that includes a vessel and a plurality of electrodes disposed within the vessel, the electro-chlorination system operable to convert at least a portion of the chloride ions in the aqueous composition into hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid by passing an electric current through the aqueous composition disposed in the vessel with the plurality of electrodes, where the electrodes each comprise non-sacrificial electrodes having an outer surface that includes one or more of zirconium, molybdenum, gold, silver, tantalum, tungsten, chromium, carbon, sulfur, silicon, or oxides of these materials and the plurality of electrodes are operable to pass the electric current with a current potential greater than 1.5 V through the aqueous composition disposed within the vessel; anda coagulation vessel downstream of the electro-chlorination system.2. The system of further comprising at least one property ...

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Номер записи: 93
19-03-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ELECTROCHEMICALLY ENHANCED WATER FILTRATION

Номер: US20200087174A1
Автор: Rajic Ljiljana
Принадлежит: Pioneer Valley Coral and Natural Science Institute

A system for electrochemically enhanced water filtration is provided. The system includes: a chamber plug-flow electrochemical cell; a first cathode and anode pair disposed in the cell; and a second cathode and anode pair disposed in the cell. The first and the second pair are collectively operative to apply a 2D electric field in at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction with respect to the chamber plug-flow electrochemical cell. 1. A system for electrochemically enhanced water filtration , the system comprising:a chamber plug-flow electrochemical cell;a first cathode and anode pair disposed in the cell; anda second cathode and anode pair disposed in the cell;wherein the first and the second pair are collectively operative to apply a 2D electric field in at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction with respect to the chamber plug-flow electrochemical cell.2. The system of further comprising:a wireless 3D carbon electrode disposed in the cell between the anodes and the cathodes of the first and the second pair.3. The system of further comprising:a first power source electrically coupled to the first anode and cathode pair; anda second power source electrically coupled to the second anode and cathode pair.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first anode and cathode pair is disposed substantially perpendicular to the second anode and cathode pair.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the cathodes of the first and the second pair each comprise carbon.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the anodes of the first and the second pair each comprise TiMMO.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the anodes and the cathodes of the first and the second pair each comprise a titanium based mixed metal oxide.8. A method for electrochemically enhanced water filtration claim 1 , the method comprising:applying a 2D electric field via two anode and cathode pairs disposed in a chamber plug-flow electrochemical cell;wherein the 2D electric field is ...

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Номер записи: 94
01-04-2021 дата публикации

WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHOD

Номер: US20210094845A1
Автор: Logie Jerome, Tax Maurice Paul
Принадлежит: INNOVATIVE WATER CARE, LLC

The present disclosure is directed to a method of water treatment. The water is passed through an electrolytic cell which converts available chlorides to hypochlorous acid, hydroxyl radicals, or other oxidizing agents. The acid is used to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD), the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and/or the ammonia content of the water. In the absence of sufficient available chlorides, the water inlet stream may be dosed with a chloride solution (e.g. brine). 1. A process for treating wastewater comprising:feeding a wastewater stream to an electrolysis cell, the wastewater stream containing chloride ions, the wastewater stream having an initial COD concentration, an initial BOD concentration, and an initial ammonia concentration; andconverting the chloride ions into an oxidizing agent within the electrolysis cell, the oxidizing agent being present in the wastewater stream at a concentration sufficient to reduce at least one of the COD concentration, the BOD concentration, and the ammonia concentration in order to form an aqueous product stream.2. The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is present in the wastewater stream at a concentration sufficient to reduce each of the COD concentration claim 1 , the BOD concentration claim 1 , and the ammonia concentration in order to form an aqueous product stream.3. The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the electrolysis cell does not produce a waste stream during the process separate from the product stream.4. The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent comprises hypochlorous acid and/or hydroxyl radicals.5. The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the chloride ions present in the wastewater stream are only those chloride ions which were preexisting in the influent wastewater stream.6. The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the wastewater stream comprises chloride ions added by a dosage of a chloride supply.7. The process as defined in claim 6 , ...

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Номер записи: 95
12-05-2022 дата публикации

SURFACE CLEANING MECHANISMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20220143658A1
Автор: Boyko Michael Christopher, Chac George Tuan Long, Devoll Steve, Mathew Melvin, Mohrschladt Henry
Принадлежит: Dynamic Water Technologies Global, LLC

The present disclosure comprises devices, systems and methods for the removal of a precipitate from a surface of a water treatment chamber using a dasher assembly having two cylindrical actuator rods connected to a dasher for scraping an interior surface of the water treatment chamber. The water treatment chamber has an enclosed first end, an enclosed second end, and an electrolysis rod extending linearly therein. The two cylindrical actuator rods extend linearly within the water treatment chamber and pass through the enclosed first end so that portions of the two cylindrical actuator rods are within the water treatment chamber and portions are outside the water treatment chamber. The dasher includes an aperture therethrough so the electrolysis rod can pass through the aperture and allow the dasher to translate from a first location and a second location by translation of the two cylindrical actuator rods via a mechanical actuator. The dasher may include teeth extending from an outer edge of the dasher to score the precipitate as it translates from the first location to the second location. The dasher assembly is controlled manually and/or by an automated control system. 1. A cleaning apparatus for removal of a precipitate from a surface of a water treatment chamber comprising: the water treatment chamber comprises an enclosed first end, an enclosed second end, and an electrolysis rod extending linearly within the water treatment chamber;', 'wherein the two cylindrical actuator rods extending linearly within the water treatment chamber and pass through the enclosed first end; and', 'the dasher comprising an aperture therethrough, wherein the electrolysis rod passes through the aperture, and wherein the dasher is configured to translate from a first location proximate the enclosed first end a second location proximate the enclosed second end by translation of the two cylindrical actuator rods; and, 'a dasher assembly comprising two cylindrical actuator rods connected ...

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Номер записи: 96
12-05-2022 дата публикации

SEAWATER TREATMENT AND INJECTION PLATFORM

Номер: US20220144672A1
Автор: JOHNSEN Cecilie Gotaas, SAMUELSBERG Arild, SOGGE Jostein
Принадлежит: Equinor Energy AS

A floating platform, preferably of the spar type, for treating seawater to provide prepared water for injection into a well extending through the seabed. The platform includes an elongate hull structure vertically position-able in a body of water such that the majority of the hull structure is submerged in the body of water, a deck secured to the top of the hull structure so that the deck lies above a surface of the body of water, and a chamber located within or substantially, within the hull structure so that the chamber is also submerged in the body of water and including a water inlet at a lower end of the chamber and a treated water outlet at an upper end, the chamber containing one or more cells for performing an anti-bacterial treatment on water passing up through the chamber from the inlet to the outlet. The platform further includes a pump for pumping water through the chamber from the inlet to the outlet through the cell or cells. In one configuration, the platform may be a spar platform. 1. A floating platform for treating seawater to provide prepared water for injection into a well extending through the seabed , the floating platform comprising:an elongate hull structure vertically position-able in a body of water such that a majority of the hull structure is submerged in the body of water;a deck secured to a top of the hull structure so that the deck lies above a surface of the body of water;a chamber located within or substantially within the hull structure so that the chamber is submerged in the body of water, the chamber comprising a water inlet at a lower end of the chamber and a treated water outlet at an upper end of the chamber, the chamber containing one or more cells for performing an anti-bacterial treatment on water passing up through the chamber from said inlet to said outlet; anda pump for pumping water through the chamber from said inlet to said outlet through said one or more cells.2. The floating platform according to claim 1 , further ...

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Номер записи: 97
12-05-2022 дата публикации

ELECTRODIALYZER AND ELECTRODIALYSIS SYSTEM FOR CO2 CAPTURE FROM OCEAN WATER

Номер: US20220144673A1
Автор: Atwater Harry A., Digdaya Ibadillah A., Xiang Chengxiang
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are electrochemical systems that include an electrodialyzer and a vapor-fed COreduction (COR) cell to capture and convert COfrom ocean water. The electrodialyzer includes a stack of bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) cells between end electrodes. The electrodialzyer incorporates monovalent cation exchange membranes (M-CEMs) that prevent the transfer of multivalent cations between adjacent cell compartments, allowing continuous recirculation of electrolytes and solutions, and thus providing a safer and more scaling-free electrodialysis system. In some embodiments, the electrodialyzer may be configured to replace the water-splitting reaction at end electrodes with one-electron, reversible redox couples in solution at the electrodes. As a result, in the entire electrodialyzer stack, there is no bond-making, bond-breaking reactions and there is no gas generation, which significantly simplifies the cell design and improves operational safety. The systems provide a unique technological pathway for COcapture and conversion from ocean water with only electrochemical processes. 1. An electrodialyzer , comprising: a saltwater compartment;', 'a base compartment receiving a base solution stream; and', 'a bipolar membrane (BPM) separating the saltwater compartment and base compartment;, 'one or more multi-compartment cells, each of the cells includinga catholyte compartment;a first monovalent cation exchange membrane (M-CEM) separating the catholyte compartment and the saltwater compartment of one of the multi-compartment cells;a cathode contacting the catholyte compartment;an anolyte compartment;a second M-CEM separating the anolyte compartment and the base compartment of one of the multi-compartment cells;an anode contacting the anolyte compartment; andone or more intermediate monovalent cation exchange membranes (M-CEMs)separating the multi-compartment cells, if there is more than one multi-compartment cell in the electrodialyzer.2. The electrodialyzer of ...

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Номер записи: 98
28-03-2019 дата публикации

TREATMENT OF WATER EFFLUENT

Номер: US20190092658A1
Автор: BOUTROS JENNY, Code Kenneth R., EVANS ALEXANDER, MOUSTAFA AHMED, Patterson-Fortin Laura, POURREZAEI PARASTOO, Smith Richard H.
Принадлежит:

A method and system treating aqueous effluent from an aqueous stream from at least one of a manufacturing facility, compounding facility or municipal water treatment facility. Reductive and/or oxidative chemical species in an aqueous fluid stream decompose natural hormonal or synthetic hormonal contaminants. The method includes: 1. A method of treating aqueous effluent from an aqueous stream from at least one of a manufacturing facility , compounding facility or municipal water treatment facility by generating reductive and/or oxidative chemical species in an aqueous fluid stream to disinfect and/or remove natural hormonal or synthetic hormonal contamination , the method comprising:a) providing a filter material comprising at least two filter elements comprising at least one porous carbon support layer and a silicate wool or glass wool layer in direct contact with the at least one porous carbon support layer,b) passing an electric current through the at least two filter elements;c) passing a fluid stream containing elemental halogens and/or halide salts through the at least two filter elements, thereby distributing halogens or halides within the at least two filter elements;d) subsequent to distributing halogens or halides within the at least two filter elements directing a contaminated fluid mass into contact with the at least two filter elements in the presence of the electric current; ande) adsorbing contaminants from the fluid mass onto the at least two filter elements, thereby disinfecting or removing the contaminants; wherein the electric current flows in a direction perpendicular to movement of the fluid stream.2. The method of wherein the at least two filter elements are divided into discrete sections of at least two sections claim 1 , each of the discrete sections having a spacer element in direct contact with adjacent filter elements and the filter elements disinfect microbes claim 1 , and wherein absorbed contaminant is disassociated from surfaces of the ...

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Номер записи: 99
28-03-2019 дата публикации

SELECT COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA ASPECTS OF POOL AND SPA EQUIPMENT SUCH AS SALT-WATER CHLORINATORS

Номер: US20190095378A1
Автор: Bareng Eusebio D., Uy Dindo
Принадлежит: ZODIAC POOL SYSTEMS LLC

Methods and systems for effecting electronic communication to, from, and within salt water chlorinators (SWCs) are detailed. Information relating to operating times of SWCs at different levels of energization may be obtained, as may information respecting authenticity of the SWCs themselves. Two-way serial communication may be established between a master device and an SWC, with the master also supplying power to the SWC if needed. 1. A method of effecting communication between a master device and a first component of a water-circulation system of a swimming pool or spa , comprising:a. providing a two-wire electrical connection between the first component and the master device;b. causing a first modulated signal to be transmitted from the master device to the first component; andc. causing a second modulated signal to be transmitted from the first component to the master device.2. A method according to in which the first component is a salt water chlorinator.3. A method according to in which modulation of the first modulated signal differs from modulation of the second modulated signal.4. A method according to in which the voltage of the first modulated signal is modulated and the current of the second modulated signal is modulated.5. A method according to in which the first modulated signal supplies both power and first data to the salt water chlorinator.6. A method according to in which the second modulated signal supplies second data from the salt water chlorinator.7. A method according to in which the two-wire electrical connection comprises first and second wires claim 1 , the first wire functioning as a ground wire and the second wire functioning to convey power and data.8. A method according to in which the first component comprises a salt water chlorinator comprising an electrolytic cell including a plurality of plates claim 7 , further comprising providing third- and fourth-wire electrical connection between the salt water chlorinator and the master device ...

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Номер записи: 100