ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЕ СВЯЗЕЙ С-О С ПОМОЩЬЮ КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ГИДРИРОВАНИЯ С ПЕРЕНОСОМ ВОДОРОДА

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу восстановления связи С-O до соответствующей связи С-Н в субстрате при помощи донора водорода, катализатора на основе переходного металла и основания в растворяющей смеси, содержащей по меньшей мере два растворителя. Способ характеризуется тем, что одним является вода, где соотношение по меньшей мере двух растворителей, одним из которых является вода, составляет 1-10:1 (растворитель : вода), а также тем, что количество основания является нестехиометрическим по отношению к количеству субстрата, кроме тех случаев, когда субстратом является простой эфир, содержащий эфирный фрагмент либо в альфа-положении по отношению к карбонилу, либо в бета-положении по отношению к спиртовой группе. Использование предлагаемого способа позволяет достичь высоких выходов. 9 з.п. ф-лы, 4 ил., 24 пр.

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ ПОЛИАЛКИЛАРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу обработки полиалкилароматических углеводородов. В представленном способе обработки смеси, содержащей полиалкилированные ароматические соединения, проводят восстановление водородом полиароматических соединений в присутствии катализатора гидрирования кислородсодержащих органических субстратов. Указанные полиароматические соединения получают в процессе алкилирования ароматических соединений с помощью алкилирующего агента, выбираемого из спиртов, первичных олефинов или их смесей. При этом количество ароматических колец, которые подвергаются гидрированию в процессе востановления водородом, составляет меньше 1% относительно всех ароматических колец. Предложенный в изобретении подход позволяет увеличить стабильность и продолжительность работы катализатора транс-алкилирования. 2 н. и 20 з.п. ф-лы, 3 табл., 3 пр.

СПОСОБ ГИДРИРОВАНИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ

Разработан способ каталитического гидрирования органических соединений, позволяющий осуществить процесс гидрирования в одной фазе. Способ состоит в том, что на катализатор, помещенный в реакторе гидрирования, подают раствор исходного продукта, который под давлением насыщен водородом. Соотношение реагирующих компонентов (исх. продукт и водород) предварительно рассчитывается, исходя из физико-химических свойств гидрируемого продукта. Способ позволяет проводить гидрирование широкого круга веществ, с конверсией до 99% и высокой селективностью. Процесс сравнительно прост в технологическом оформлении, экономичен. Приведена схема процесса. 1 ил., 1 табл.

СПОСОБ

Изобретение относится к способу получения комплекса [M(X)(L)(L)]. Способ включает стадию взаимодействие комплекса [M(X)(L)] с фосфорным лигандом Lи бидентатным N,N-лигандом Lв кетонном растворителе для получения комплекса [M(X)(L)(L)]. M представляет собой рутений или осмий. X представляет собой анионный лиганд. L представляет собой третичный фосфиновый лиганд PRRR, в котором R, Rи Rнезависимо выбираются из группы, которую составляют незамещенный C-алкил, замещенный C-алкил, незамещенный C-циклоалкил, замещенный C-циклоалкил, незамещенный C-алкокси, замещенный C-алкокси, незамещенный C-арил, замещенный C-арил, незамещенный C-гетероалкил, замещенный C-гетероалкил, незамещенный C-гетероциклоалкил, замещенный C-гетероциклоалкил, незамещенный C-гетероарил и замещенный C-гетероарил. Lпредставляет собой хиральный или ахиральный монодентатный фосфорный лиганд, который отличается от L, или хиральный или ахиральный бидентатный фосфорный лиганд, в котором с атомом фосфора ковалентно связаны 3 атома ...

СПОСОБ ГИДРИРОВАНИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ

Разработан способ каталитического гидрирования органических соединений, позволяющий осуществить процесс гидрирования в одной фазе. Способ состоит в том, что на катализатор, помещенный в реакторе гидрирования, подают раствор исходного продукта, который под давлением насыщен водородом. Соотношение реагирующих компонентов (исходный продукт и водород) предварительно рассчитывается, исходя из физико-химических свойств гидрируемого продукта. Способ позволяет проводить гидрирование широкого круга веществ, с конверсией до 99% и высокой селективностью. Процесс сравнительно прост в технологическом оформлении, экономичен.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ БЕНЗИНА ИЗ ВОДЫ И УГЛЯ

... 1. Устройство для получение бензина из воды и угля гидрированием под высоким давлением, включающее цилиндр высокого давления, соединенные от линии электропередачи с электролизатором посредством трубы, наполненной водородом и с трубой заполненной углеродом от газогенератора причем кривошипно-шатунный механизм совмещен с валом электродвигателя, кроме того цилиндр трубой соединен с катализатором, насосом и конденсатором с отводной трубой с краном, отличающийся тем, что кривошипно-шатунный механизм цилиндра совмещен с валом парового движка, соединенный с паропроводом с электронагревателем, причем электролизатор снабжен автономным собственным источником электрического тока в форме ветра электроагрегата. 2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что в форме ветроэлектроагрегата применен цилиндр. Кусто, но не в вертикальном расположении, а вращающийся цилиндр Кусто в горизонтальном исполнении с флюгером, то есть цилиндр с ротором и генератором установлен на вал с массивным фундаментом, вал снабжен ...

Способ получения глутаминовой кислоты

Никельхромовый катализатор

Способ очистки синтетического спирта от непредельных и сернистых соединений, альдегидов, кетонов и др.

Способ получения гидразобензола

Способ получения мета-нитротолуола

Способ получения аминокислот ряда фенилаланина

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ АМИНОКИСЛОТ РЯДА ФЕНИЛАЛАНИНА восстановлением водородом эфиров р -фенил-об - -нитроакриловой кислоты или их замещенных по бензольному ядру в присутствии палладия на окиси алюминия в растворителе с последующим гидролизом продукта восстановления, о т- личающийся тем, что, с целью повышения выхода и чистоты целевого продукта, восстановление проводят при температуре 50-100 С и давлении водорода 40-100 атм, а в качестве растворителя используют инертные к исходным соединениям растворители, vaкиe как бензол, диоксан.

Способ получения гамма-(3-N-ацетиламинофенил)-масляной кислоты

Способ получения сарколизина

Способ получения д-/-/-2-амино-2/ -оксифенил/ -уксусной кислоты или ее солей

Способ получения оптически активных или рацемических эфиров циклопропанкарбоновых кислот

Способ получения /4,5,6R,8R/метилового эфира 9-оксо-11 @ ,15 @ -дигидрокси-16-фенокси-17,18,19,20 тетранорпроста-4,5,13 /Е/-триеновой кислоты

Изобретение относится к нроиз- .водному нростагландинов, в частности к получению специфического стереоизо- мера метилового эфира 9-оксо-11а, 1 5с(,-дигидрокси-16-фенокси-17,18,19- 20-тетранорпроста-4,5,13 (Е)-триеновой кислоты (эк)-ингибитора кислотной секреции желудка, который может быть использован в медицине. Цель изобре- .тения - создание более активного сте- реоизомера простагландинового ряда. Синтез ЭУ. ведут этерификацией (4,5, 6R,8R)-9-OKco-l Ы, 15об-дигидрокси-16- фенокси-17,18,19,20-тетранорпроста- 4,5,13(Е)-триеновой кислоты диазоме- таном. Специфический стереоизомер ЭК ингибирует кислотную желудочнук секрецию при дозе, в 32 раза меньшей, чем известное идентичное соединение но в виде смеси 4 стереоизомеров. а IQ О) сн ...

Способ получения оптически чистых моноэфиров винной кислоты и оптически активных алканоламинов или их солей

Изобретение касается производных оксикислот, в частности моноэфи- ров винной кислоты и алканоламинов общей формулы (1)А - С (OR,) - CH,j - - NHR,, где А - 4 нитрофенШ1, 1-наф- тилок симе тил, 4-индолилоксиметнл феноксильный остаток 4-R,, 2-R -CgHj- -O-CBj-, где R - метоксиэтил, -NHK; К - алканоил С,-С, в котором алкил С,-С 7 или дикарбамоил, в котором алкил С,-Сг; R4-H, СН,-С(0)-; RZ-, водород или разветвленный С,-С -алкил; R,- остаток дизамещенной (R, R)- или ...

Способ получения оптически активного карнитиннитрилхлорида

Изобретение относится к нитрилам ациклических аминокислот, в частности к способу получения оптически активного карнитиннитрилхрорида (ОАК), который находит применение в синтезе витаминов . Для упрощения процесса рацемический З-хлор-2-оксипропилтриметилам- монийхлорид обрабатывают оптически активной винной кислотой в присутствии три-С -Сд-алкиламина или тартра- том серебра. Полученный при этом оптически активный ди-(3-хлор-2-окси- пропилтриметиламмоний)-тартрат подвергают непосредственной обработке цианидом Са или указанный тартрат обрабатьюают CaClj с получением при этом оптически активного З-хлор-2- -оксипропилтриметиламмонийхлорида. Последний обрабатьшают цианидом Li, К или На при 20-60 С. Способ обеспечивает сокращение стадий процесса. i СО оо to ;о а О5 ы ...

Способ оптического разделения рацемического 1,4-диметокси-6-окси6-ацетилтетралина

Способ получения сульфонатов или гидрохлоридов динитрила аминомалоновой кислоты

Изобретение касается замещенных аминокислот, в частности получения сульфонатов или гидрохлоридов динитрила аминомалоновой кислоты, применяемых в органическом синтезе. Цель - повышение выхода целевого продукта. Его синтез ведут нитрозированием динитрила малоновой кислоты нитритом натрия в среде смеси 15 - 30 моль воды и 0,02 - 0,05 моль серной кислоты (в расчете на 1 моль динитрила малоновой кислоты) при PH 3,8 - 4,2 и комнатной температуре. Затем продукты нитрозирования, содержащие динитрил оксиаминомалоновой кислоты , подвергают экстракции с этилацетатом, экстракт гидрируют при 10 - 60°С в присутствии PT/C в смеси уксусной кислоты с этилацетатом при ее молярном соотношении с этилацетатом (2-15):1 и давлении 1-40 ат. После гидрирования продукт отфильтровывают от катализатора и ведут осаждение целевого продукта обработкой соответствующей кислотой. Эти условия повышают выход целевого продукта с 27 - 49% до 63 - 88,5%. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 2 табл.

Способ получения замещенных ацетонитрилов

... wx:oE 1М)/вЧЕМйЯ ЗАМЕЩЕННЫХ АЦЕТШйТРИЛОб общей формулы ifi|--tH-t H .::::-:::где R -войород, фенил; f( - незамещенный или замещенный одинаковыми или различными радикалами, такими как фтор, хлор, метил., оке и-, цианогруппами , фенил, нафтил, пиридил , тиенил, фи условии, если R - фенил, то RI не может быть нафтил- или пиридияостаток . взаимодействием хлорциана с 3 5 10кратнын избытком соответствующего уг- |Леводорода в газовой фаэе при повышен fwoft температуре с последующими охлаждением реакционной массы, разделением .вод«ого и органического слоев и выде яeн re« целевого продукта из органи«4ee4«jro c/iOR перегонкой, о тпи ч ай ift и и с я тем, что, с целью устра: нения сажеобразных продуктов, исход-; ные peariBHTb в гцюцесс подают раздепь .«, предварительно подогретыми До 550-600 0, и процесс ведут при 620- д .

VERFAHREN ZUR OXYDATIVEN DEHYDRIERUNG ORGANISCHER VERBINDUNGEN UND KATALYSATOR DAFUER

VERFAHREN ZUR SYNTHESE VON N-ALKYLIERTER ALPHA-AMINOSAEURE UND DEREN ESTERN, VERWENDUNG BEI DER SYNTHESE VON CARBOXYALKYLDIPEPTIDEN.

VERFAHREN ZUR SULFONIERUNG UND/ODER SULFATIERUNG ORGANISCHER KOMPONENTEN MIT SO3 IN EINEM ORGANISCHEN REAKTIONSMEDIUM.

Selected carboxylic acid esters of formula X-COOR1 (I), which are liq. under the prevailing reaction conditions, are used as reaction medium for the sulphonation and/or sulphation of organic cpds. with SO3. In (I), R1 = an unbranched alkyl residue in the alpha-position and X = H or a residue of formula (II) in which R2, R3 and R4 = F and/or Cl or one of R2, R3 and R4 may also be H or one or two of R2, R3 and R4 may also be lower alkyl.

OXIDATIONSREAKTION

PROCESS FOR PREPARING (HYDROCARBYLTHIO)CYCLIC AMINES

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON 2-HALOGENIERTEN ERGOLINDERIVATEN.

KATALYTISCHE ASYMMETRISCHE HYDRIERVERFAHREN

1,2-1,4-Additions-Reaktionsschritt, der zu Diphenylacetylenen führt.

VERBINDUNGEN ZUR VERWENDUNG IN DER RADIOTHERAPIE ODER ZUR KREBSVISUALISIERUNG.

PROCESS FOR THE ALPHA-HALOGENATION OF POSSIBLY SUBSTITUTED METHYL AROMATICS

VERFAHREN ZUR SPALTUNG RACEMISCHER AEPFELSAEURE.

VERFAHREN ZUM REINIGEN ORGANISCHER SUBSTANZEN

VERFAHREN ZUR AUFTRENNUNG VON MISCHUNGEN AUS(+)-UND(-)-6-METHOXY-A-METHYL-2-NAPHTHALINESSIGSAEURE UND DEREN SALZEN

VERFAHREN ZUM HYDRIEREN EMULGIERTER UNGESAETTIGTER ORGANISCHER VERBINDUNGEN

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,1-DICHLORO ALKENES

PROCESS FOR OLEFIN METATHESIS IN THE PRESENCE OF A COMPLEX TUNGSTEN CATALYST

VERFAHREN ZUR ISOLIERUNG VON AROMATISCHEN SULFONSAEUREN AUS WAESSRIGER LOESUNG ODER SUSPENSION

HERSTELLUNG VON SUBSTITUIERTEN BENZOTRICHLORIDEN

Process for the preparation of chiral 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol

There is described a simple preparation process for chiral 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol, which is characterised in that chiral 2-methylsuccinic acid diester is hydrogenated in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst at temperatures of not more than 220@C and under such conditions that the hydrogenation rate of the chiral 2-methylsuccinic acid diester is at most 97%, in that the said monohydric alcohol, residual chiral 2-methylsuccinic acid diester and chiral 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol formed are separated off from a part or the entire reaction mixture and collected and in that the said chiral 2-methylsuccinic acid diester collected is subjected again to the said heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reaction.

METHOD FOR PURIFYING REACTION SOLUTION OBTAINED BY USING MICROBIAL CELL, IMMOBILIZED MICROBIAL CELL, OR IMMOBILIZED ENZYME

VERFAHREN ZUM SPALTEN VON ALIPHATISCHEN AETHERVERBINDUNGEN

Verfahren zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen mit Hilfe eines induktiv erwärmten Heizmediums

Verfahren zum Durchführen einer chemischen Reaktion durch Erwärmen eines Reaktionsmediums, enthaltend mindestens einen ersten Reaktanden in einem Reaktor, wodurch eine chemische Bindung innerhalb des ersten Reaktanden oder zwischen dem ersten und einem zweiten Reaktanden gebildet oder verändert wird, wobei man das Reaktionsmedium in Kontakt mit einem durch elektromagnetische Induktion erwärmbaren festen Heizmedium bringt, das sich innerhalb des Reaktors befindet, und das Heizmedium durch elektromagnetische Induktion mit Hilfe eines Induktors erwärmt. Das Heizmedium kann ausgewählt sein aus Spänen, Drähten, Netzen, Wolle, Membranen, Fritten, Füllkörpern und Partikeln, insbesondere aus Partikeln elektrisch leitfähiger und/oder magnetisierbarer Festkörper, wobei die Partikel eine mittlere Teilchengröße im Bereich von 1 bis 1000 nm haben.

Lithium aluminum hydride solution in a solvent containing 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, useful as a reducing agent

Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH 4) solution in a solvent containing 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) or its mixture. An independent claim is included for a procedure for preparing a LiAlH 4solution comprising reacting aluminum chloride (AlCl 3) with lithium hydride (LiH) in 2-MeTHF solvents or its mixture.

NICHT-LINEARES POLYMERISAT ALS KATALYSATORVORLAEUFER UND DEREN VERWENDUNG IN EINER KATALYSATORZUSAMMENSETZUNG

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON AROMATISCHEN SULFONSAEUREN

Verfahren zur Hydrogenolyse von C-O und C=O Bindungen in organischen Substanzen

CHEMISCHES VERFAHREN UND REAKTIONSGEFAESS FUER DIE DURCHFUEHRUNG DESSELBEN

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON S(-)-3-/3-ACETYL-4-(3-TERT-BUTYLAMINO-2-HYDROXYPROPOXY-PHENYL/1,1-DIAETHYLHARNSTOFF

Verfahren zur Darstellung organischer Verbindungen aus wasserstoffaermeren Ausgangsstoffen

TRENNUNG VON GEMISCHEN MIT NAHE BENACHBARTEN SIEDEPUNKTEN IM VAKUUM

Verfahren zur Reduktion organischer Verbindungen

PROCESS FOR THE CLEAVAGE OF PHTHALIMIDES

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ADDUCTS OF ALCOHOLS, ETHERS AND ESTERS WITH 1,2-DICHLORODIFLUOROETHYLENE

VERFAHREN ZUR SELEKTIVEN HYDRIERUNG UNGESAETTIGTER VERBINDUNGEN

HERSTELLUNG SUBSTITUIERTER HARNSTOFFE

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON AMINOVERBINDUNGEN AUS HYDROXYLVERBINDUNGEN

A process for the production of amino compounds from hydroxyl compounds (Voelter reaction), according to which a hydroxyl compound is converted with trifluormethanesulphonic acid anhydride in water-free conditions, the corresponding triflate derivative is converted, in water-free conditions, with ammonia or an amine in an organic solvent and the amino compound obtained (formula I) is isolated.

DEACYLATION OF AMIDES

Verfahren zur Abtrennung von d-trans-Chrysanthemumcarbonsaeure

Verfahren zur Durchfuehrung einer durch einen heterogenen Metallkatalysator katalysierten Reaktion

Verwendung von molekulargewichtsvergrößerten Katalysatoren in einem Verfahren zur asymmetrischen kontinuierlichen Hydrierung, neue molekulargewichtsvergrößerte Liganden und Katalysatoren

Die vorliegende Erfindung richtet sich auf eine Verwendung von molekulargewichtsvergrößerter homogen löslicher Katalysatoren Verfahren zur asymmetrischen kontinuierlichen Hydrierung von C=C-, C=N- oder C=O-Doppelbindungen mittels molekulargewichtsvergrößerter homogen löslicher Katalysatoren in einem Membranreaktor. DOLLAR A Bisherige im Stand der Technik vorgeschlagene Hydrierverfahren liefen diskontinuierlich ab. Die kontinuierliche Fahrweise hilft dagegen Prozeßkosten zu sparen. DOLLAR A Angegeben werden auch neue molekulargewichtsvergrößerte Liganden und Katalysatoren.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON CARBONSAEUREESTERN AUS CARBONSAEUREAMIDEN

Verfahren zur Herstellung deute nerter, gesättigter acychscher Äther, Alkohole, Carbonsauren oder deren Ester oder Amide

MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESS

... 1,260,733. Dialysis. BRITISH PETROLEUM CO. Ltd. 3 June, 1970 [17 June, 1969], No. 30575/69. Heading B1X. Organic metal compounds are separated by reverse osmosis using a polyolefinic membrane. A membrane 10 in pressurised cell is supported on a steel plate 11 in Fig. 2. In Figure 3 a membrane 11 cushioned by filter paper 18 rests on a steel plate 12. To create turbulence feedstock enters through a 1 mm. orifice 16.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROQUINONES

... 1431132 Hydroquinones FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd 20 March 1974 [22 March 1973] 12487/74 Heading C2C [Also in Division C4] Hydroquinones are produced by reducing a quinone with an N,N-disubstituted hydroxylamine, optionally in the presence of a solvent. The quinone may be benzoquinone or naphthoquinone and may carry from 1 to 4 substituents selected from alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, acyloxy, oxaacyloxy, acylamido and halogen. Examples of starting quinones are 3-(21-benzofuranyl)-3- oxo - 2 - [411 - (2111 - quinolylethyl)phenylhydrazono]propionitrile; 1-phenyl-3-hexylcarbamoyl - 4 - [41 - (211 - quinonylethyl)phenylhydrazono] - 5 - pyrazolone; 3 - (21 - furanyl)- 3 - oxo - 2 - [411 - (quinonylmethyl - carbamoyl)- phenyl - hydrazono] - propionitrile; p - tolylp - benzoquinone; benzamidomethyl - p - benzoquinone; and 1-phenyl-5-quinonylthiotetrazole.

PREPARATION OF SELECTIVE ADSORBING PARTICLES

... 1462088 Selective absorbing carbon particles TOYO JOZO CO Ltd 18 March 1974 [19 March 1973] 11996/74 Heading C1A Selective absorbing carbon particles are prepared by forming particles of a dispersion of activated charcoal in a hydrophilic solvent solution of a polymer capable of forming a semipermeable film in a coagulating medium and then adding the dispersion dropwise into a bath of the coagulating medium to form the particles. Hydrophilic solvents may be selected from N2,N- dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N,N- dimethylacetamide, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; as the polymer, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate phthalate, nitrocellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral, polystyrenes, polyesters and polyacrylonitriles can be used; coagulating mediums may be selected from water, aqueous salt solutions, surfactant solutions, hydrophilic protective colloid solutions ...

CHEMICAL PROCESS

STARTING MATERIAL AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF D- - 2- AMINO-2-P-HYDROXYPHENYL- ACETIC ACID

... 1388341 D(-) - 2 - amino - 2 - (p - hydroxyphenyl)acetonitrile - L(+) - hemitartrate CHINOIN GYOGYSZER ES VEGYESZETI TERMEKEK GYARA RT 7 Aug 1973 [11 Aug 1972] 37434/73 Heading C2C The invention comprises D(-)-2-amino-2-(phydroxyphenyl) - acetonitrile - L( +) - hemitartrate and a process for its preparation whereby DL-2-amino-2-(p-hydroxy phenyl)-acetonitrile is reacted with L(+)-tartaric acid in the presence of an organic solvent such as an aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g. benzene, toluene or xylene) and/or an ester, (e.g. ethylacetate, butylacetate) and/or a ketone (e.g. methyl-ethylketone or methyl-isobutyl-ketone) and/or an alcohol (e.g. methanol or ethanol). The D(-)-2- amino - 2 - (p - hydroxy phenyl) - acetonitrile- L(+) - hemitartrate may be acid hydrolysed to produce D-(-)-2-amino-2-(p-hydroxy phenyl)- acetic acid and salts thereof.

Manufacture of nickel catalyst

... 255,884. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges.,. (Assignees of Farbwerke vorm. Meister, Lucius, & Br³ning). July 22, 1925, [Convention date]. Catalytic agents, preparation and treatment of; hydrogenated organic compounds, catalytic production of.-Catalysts comprising nickel admixed or not with a metal of the iron or silver group are prepared by precipitating the nickel &c. as a crystalline hydroxide or carbonate in presence of a carrier, and then reducing the product with hydrogen at a temperature of 400‹ C. or above. To precipitate the hydroxide or carbonate in crystalline form, precipitation is effected slowly and at raised temperatures, suitable precipitants being alkali carbonates or, when ammonia compounds of nickel &c. are used, air containing carbon dioxide. The catalysts are suitable for use in hydrogenating processes, and in this connection reference is made to the production of isopropyl alcohol, ethylamine, and piperidine from acetone, acetonitrile, and pyridine respectively. According ...

PREPARING BIPHENYL COMPOUNDS BY COUPLING

IRON-CATALYZED COUPLING REACTION

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE CYCLOPROPANE CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

PREPARATION OF STABLE TELLURIUM-CONTAINING SOLUTION FROM METALLIC TELLURIUM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TELLURIUM-ANTIMONY CONTAINING OXIDE CATALYST USING SAID SOLUTION

METHOD OF ACTIVATING THIOUREA DIOXIDE

Catalysts in the form of webs or felts

A catalyst comprising a metallic carrier having a catalytically active metal-containing surface layer, the catalytic metal being other than a noble metal, whereby the catalytically active surface layer is formed out of a homogeneous metallic carrier by oxidizing in an oxidizing gas such as air and subsequently reducing with hydrogen the surface of the metallic carrier at a temperature at which the active metal is substantially not sintered, characterized in that the carrier is a web or felt of fibers with a diameter between 4 and 100 microns.

PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF AN OPTICALLY ACTIVE -MERCAPTOALKANOIC ACID

Improvements in or relating to deesterification to acids

Reaction of carboxylic-acid esters with an alkyl thiol and a Lewis acid mildly and efficiently effecting de-esterification. The de-esterification process is carried out on esters of Cephalosporin, oxadethiacephalosporin, carbacephalosporin, penicillin and carbapenem derivatives.

Process for carrying out chemical reactions in which nitrous gases occur

Problems with monitoring chemical reactions in which nitrous gases occur are overcome by measuring the concentration of NOx in a flushing stream which has been passed over the reaction mixture and controlling the reaction in such a manner that a predetermined NOx concentration in the flushing stream is not exceeded. This technique can be used to control diazotization reactions.

PREPARING ORGANIC SULPHIDES

... 1308894 Sulphides MOBIL OIL CORP 12 Jan 1971 [12 Jan 1970] 1442/71 Heading C2C [Also in Division C5] An organic sulphide of high combined sulphur content is prepared by sulphohalogenating an olefin or cyclo-olefin with a sulphur halide in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a C 1-4 aliphatic alcohol to form a sulphohalogenated organic intermediate, and thereafter sulphurizing and dehalogenating said intermediate in the presence of a substantial quantity of a C 1-4 aliphatic alcohol (e.g. 10-50% by weight) by treatment with an aqueous alkali metal monosulphide solution derived, by successive treatments with hydrogen sulphide and alkali metal hydroxide, from a spent aqueous alkali metal hydroxide effluent from hydrocarbon purification and having a substantial combined sulphur content. If the spent effluent contains a substantial proportion of organic compounds, the organic phase may be separated after the H 2 S treatment and before the alkali metal hydroxide treatment.

PREPARATION OF POLYMERS

Products are prepared with a prespecified arrangement of functional groups present therein. In order to prepare polymers having a three-dimensional arrangement of the functional groups, optically active monomers which contain monofunctional or polyfunctional groups and are linked to polymerisable or polycondensable compounds via one, two or more functional groups are polymerised in the presence of a crosslinking agent. When the polymerisation is complete, the optically active compound is separated fully or in part from the polymers at its linking points. The resultant polymers are used for the resolution (separation) of racemates into their optically active compounds.

Reductive Dimerisation of Organic Compounds

... 1,157,446. Reductive dimerization of unsaturated esters and nitriles. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES. 11 Oct., 1966 [1 Nov., 1965], No. 46130/65. Heading C2C. ,#-Olefinically unsaturated esters or nitriles are reductively dimerized by means of an alkali-metal amalgam reduction system characterized in that the ester or nitrile is contained in a reaction medium comprising an agent, e.g. water, methanol or ethanol, that cooperates with the amalgam to provide said amalgam reduction system, and a hexa-alkyl phosphoramide solvent which is liquid at ordinary temperature. The reaction is preferably effected at an apparent pH of 6-11 (maintained by the addition of a buffer) and a polymerization inhibitor may be present. The phosphoramide solvent suitably forms a major proportion by weight of the reaction mixture and other polar aprotic solvents, e.g. acetonitrile, may be present. In examples, acrylonitrile is dimerized to adiponitrile employing a hexamethyl phosphoramide solvent; some propionitrile ...

HYDROGENATION OF UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS

... 1380026 Hydrogenating hydrocarbons INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE 28 Feb 1973 [3 March 1972] 9822/73 Heading C5E Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrogenated by contact in liquid phase containing dissolved catalyst with gaseous H 2 under conditions such that the 50-99% of the hydrogenated product is vaporized, the remaining liquid fraction being contacted with an adsorbent to remove catalyst therefrom, and the gaseous fraction being condensed. The treated liquid product may either be added to the condensed gaseous product or recycled to the reactor. The homogenous catalyst may be a salt of a transition metal reduced with an organoaluminium compound, an organolithium compound or, a hydride of Al and Li or Na or derivative thereof. The feed may be a C 2 -C 20 cyclic or acyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon and the hydrogenation may be complete or partial. The hydrogenation may be carried out at 25-200‹ C., under a H 2 partial pressure of 0À5-20 atmospheres and in a heavy solvent (e.g. cetane). The adsorbent ...

PROCESS FOR NITRATING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

... 1368417 Nitration process BOERINGER MANNHEIM GmbH 24 May 1973 [30 May 1972] 24859/73 Heading C2C [Also in Division B1] A process for the continuous nitration of organic substances comprises applying the substance to be nitrated and a nitration liquid in a layer with a thickness of 0À2 to 1À5 mm. to the cooled surface of a rotating roller, allowing them to react thereon and, by movement of the cooled surface, removing the reaction product. As shown in Fig. 1, the nitration liquid and the substance to be nitrated are passed through inlets (3) and (4) on to a roller (1) which is cooled by means of a cooling liquid passed through axis (6). The reactants are transported by rotation of the roller into the gap (9) between the roller and trough (2). Any solid particles possibly present are comminuted in the gap (9) and the reacted solution leaves through overflow (5). Figs. 2 and 3 show other embodiments with two counter rollers (1) and (11) arranged in tandem or above each other. The ...

Reductive alkylation process

An alkylated amine is formed by reductive alkylation of an amine or nitro compound by hydrogenation in the presence of molecular hydrogen and an aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde or an aliphatic ketone or an alkyl aryl ketone, the hydrogenation being effected in the presence of a platinum metal sulphide catalyst, i.e. sulphides of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium iridium and platinum. The temperature may range from 50 DEG to 100 DEG C. or higher and the pressure from 75 to 150 p.s.i.g. or higher. Examples describe the alkylation of aniline with butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde acetone and acetophenone; N-nitroso-p-nitrodiphenylamine or N-phenyl-p-phenylene-diamine with acetone; p-nitroaniline with methyl ethyl ketone; N-phenyl-p-phenylene diamine with methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone or ethyl amyl ketone; 1,5-diamino-naphthalene with aliphatic ketones to form N,N1 - dialkyl - 1,5 - diamino naphthalenes.ALSO:N,N1 - Dialkyl - 1,5 - diamino - naphthalene compounds act as antioxidants ...

ISOLATING LEVAMISOLE FROM TETRAMISOLE

Improvements in and relating to Catalysts.

... 1,197,723. Hydrogenation. JOHNSON, MATTHEY & CO. Ltd. 4 July, 1967 [12 July, 1966], No. 31310/66. Heading C2C. Unsaturated organic compounds e.g. acrylic, crotonic, and maleic acids are hydrogenated using as a catalyst a rhodium compound with a cation (HRL(NH 3 ) 5 2+ or (HRL(NH 3 ) 4 H 2 O)2+. An aqueous solution of the compound is mixed with the ionic water-soluble amino compound, the anion of which may be from a mono- or divalent acid. Examples describe the use of hydridopentamine rhodium sulphate.

Improvements in or relating to the reactivation of catalysts used in hydrogenation and like processes

Catalysts comprising a suspension in oil of finely-divided nickel, such as those prepared according to Specification 478,386 are reactivated by treatment with dry or super-heated steam followed by reduction with hydrogen or other reducing gas. The temperature of reactivation may be that at which the catalyst was originally produced, e.g. 230 DEG C. Specification 370,252, [Group IV], also is referred to.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALLYLIC PRIMARY OR SECONDARY ALCOHOLS

... 1,256,184. Allylic alcohols. RHONE POULENC S.A. 30 Dec., 1969 [30 Dec., 1968], No. 63395/69. Heading C2C. Allylic primary or secondary alcohols having the general formula are prepared by heating an allylic tertiary alcohol having the formula wherein R 1 and R 2 are each saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radicals, optionally substituted by a halogen or a hydroxy, alkoxy, acyl or acyloxy group, and optionally having their carbon chain interrupted by hetero-atoms, such as O, N or S, or functional groups such as -CO- or -CONH, to together form a single, divalent, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical of 2 or more carbon atoms optionally substituted by a halogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, acyl or acyloxy radical, and optionally having their carbon chain interrupted as above, and R 3 is hydrogen or the same as R 1 and R 2, in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst comprising a derivative of a transition metal ...

DEUTERATED HYDROCARBONS

... 1,202,797. Deuterated hydrocarbons. C. E. FROSST & CO. 24 April, 1968 [29 April, 1967], No. 19393/68. Heading C5E. The invention comprises per se saturated C 10-36 perdeuterated cyclic and acyclic hydrocarbons having an isotopic purity in the range 95-99À7 atom per cent D. They are prepared by reacting a corresponding saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon with deuterium gas, in the liquid phase and in the presence of a stationary catalyst, e.g. Pd/C, Pt/C or Rh/C. The following compounds are prepared from the corresponding saturated hydrocarbons: n-decane-d 22 , n-dodecane-d 26 , n-hexadecane-d 34 , n-octadecane-d 38 , n-tetracosane-d 50 , n-hexatriacontane-d 74 , 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonaned 34 , pristane-d 4o , decalin-d 18 , cyclododecane-d 24 , n-octacosane-d 58 and squalane-d 62 . In addition, cyclododecane-d 24 is prepared by deuteration of 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, and 1,2-dicyclohexylethane-d 26 by deuteration of trans-stilbene.

FLUORATION OF UNSATURATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

... 1,244,642. Fluorination of unsaturated organic compounds. RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR MEDICINE & CHEMISTRY Inc. 10 Sept., 1968 [11 Sept., 1967; 12 June, 1968], No. 43026/68. Headings C2A, C2C and C2U. Electrophilic fluorination of unsaturated organic compounds is effected with a hypofluorite the fluoroxy group of which is covalently bonded to an inert electron attracting group, in an inert solvent. Suitable hypofluorites include fluoroalkyl hypofluorites and pentafluorosulphur hypofluorites, and the preferred reagent is trifluoromethyl hypofluorite. Reaction temperatures are generally in the range of -20‹ to -100‹ C., conveniently about -78‹ C., but may be higher with deactivated substrates. Suitable solvents are fluoro-alkanes such as trichloromonofluoromethane or dichlorotetrafluoroethane, with or without a further solvent such as a chlorohydrocarbon, a ketone or a cyclic or acyclic ether, often desirably with addition of a base. The hypofluorite reagent may be prepared for example from fluorine ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING AMINO-PHENYL-UREAS AND AMINO-CARBANYLATES

A process for the preparation of esters of organic carboxylic acids

Esters of organic carboxylic acids are prepared by treating an organic carboxylic acid in the liquid phase with carbon monoxide or a gaseous mixture containing carbon monoxide, in the presence of a catalyst, as hereinafter defined, and at elevated temperature. The catalysts which may be used are: the known hydrogenation catalysts consisting of elements of sub-group Ib (e.g. Ag, Cu), sub-group 5a (e.g. V), sub-group 6a (e.g. Cr, Mo, W), sub-group 7a (e.g. Mn), and group 8 (e.g. Ni, Co, Fe, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru) in the form of metals, oxides or sulphides; the oxides and carbonates of metals of the second and third groups (e.g. Al2O3, BeO, ZnCO3); silicic acid in combined form (e.g. metal silicates) or in free form (e.g. SiO2, or diatomaceous earths) and other surface catalysts such as bleaching earth, bentonite, fuller's earth and active carbon. The catalysts can be mounted on carriers or can be activated by means of suitable additions. Organic carboxylic acids which can be used are straight or ...

Frustrated Lewis Pair Compositions

A compound having the formula (I) where each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is independently C 6 -C 18 aryl-, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl-, C 6 -C 18 aryl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl sυbstituent, C 4 -C 20 branched alkyl-, C 16 -C 20 linear alkyl-, RO—, —NRR′, —PRR′, —SR, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof: and R 5 is C 6 -C 18 aryl-, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl-, C 6 -C 18 aryl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl-, C 2 -C 30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; where R and R′ are each independently C 6 -C 18 aryl-, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl-, C 6 -C 18 aryl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 4 -C 20 branched alkyl-, C 2 -C 30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; A is N, P, S, or O with the proviso that when A is S, R 2 is a nullity; and M is B, Al, Ga or In.

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF LIGNIN TO USEFUL COMPOUNDS

This specification discloses an operational continuous process to convert lignin as found in ligno-cellulosic biomass before or after converting at least some of the carbohydrates. The continuous process has been demonstrated to create a slurry comprised of lignin, raise the slurry comprised of lignin to ultra-high pressure, deoxygenate the lignin in a lignin conversion reactor over a catalyst which is not a fixed bed without producing char. The conversion products of the carbohydrates or lignin can be further processed into polyester intermediates for use in polyester preforms and bottles. 1. A continuous process for the conversion of lignin feedstock comprised of lignin , said process comprising:deoxygenating the lignin to a plurality of lignin conversion products in a lignin conversion reactor containing reactor contents comprising a liquid composition which has at least one compound which is liquid at 1 bar and 25° C.; while simultaneously removing at least a portion of a plurality of lignin conversion products from the reactor in a continuous manner;wherein the lignin conversionoccurs by contacting the lignin with hydrogen and a first catalyst, andthe lignin conversion occurs at a lignin conversion temperature and a lignin conversion pressure, wherein the lignin conversion temperature is in the range of greater than the boiling point of the liquid composition at atmospheric pressure, and less than the critical temperature of the liquid composition, and the lignin conversion pressure is greater than the bubble pressure of the liquid composition at the lignin conversion temperature, subject to the condition that the lignin conversion pressure is selected so as to avoid the formation of char.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is in a solid form.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin feedstock is further comprised of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of glucans and xylans.4. The process according to ...

3-OXO-3-(ARYLAMINO)PROPANOATES, A PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION, AND THEIR USE IN PREPARING PYRROLIDINONES

Disclosed are compounds of Formula I, including all stereoisomers and salts thereof, 2. The compound of wherein{'sup': 1', '1, 'Qis a phenyl ring substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from R;'}{'sup': 2', '4, 'Qis a phenyl ring substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from R;'}{'sub': 1', '4, 'R is C-Calkyl;'}{'sup': '1', 'sub': 1', '8', '1', '8', '2', '8, 'Ris independently halogen, cyano, nitro, C-Calkyl, C-Chaloalkyl or C-Chaloalkoxyalkoxy; and'}{'sup': '4', 'sub': 1', '3', '1', '3, 'Ris independently halogen, C-Calkyl or C-Chaloalkyl.'}3. The compound of wherein{'sup': 1', '1', '1, 'Qis a phenyl ring having a substituent selected from Rat the meta (3-) position and optionally up to 2 additional Rsubstituents;'}{'sup': 2', '4', '4, 'Qis a phenyl ring having a substituent selected from Rat the ortho (2-) position and optionally up to 2 additional Rsubstituents;'}R is methyl or ethyl;{'sup': '1', 'sub': 1', '3', '1', '3, 'Ris independently halogen, C-Calkyl or C-Chaloalkyl; and'}{'sup': '4', 'sub': 1', '3, 'Ris independently halogen or C-Chaloalkyl.'}4. The compound of wherein{'sup': 1', '1', '1, 'Qis a phenyl ring having a substituent selected from Rat the para (4-) position and optionally up to 2 additional Rsubstituents;'}{'sup': 2', '4', '4, 'Qis a phenyl ring having a substituent selected from Rat the ortho (2-) position and optionally up to 2 additional Rsubstituents;'}R is methyl or ethyl;{'sup': '1', 'sub': 1', '3', '1', '3, 'Ris independently halogen, C-Calkyl or C-Chaloalkyl; and'}{'sup': '4', 'sub': 1', '3, 'Ris independently halogen or C-Chaloalkyl.'}5. The compound of wherein{'sup': 1', '1', '3, 'Qis a 5- to 6-membered fully unsaturated heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with up to 5 substituents independently selected from Ron carbon atom ring members and selected from Ron nitrogen atom ring members;'}{'sup': 2', '4, 'Qis a phenyl ring substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from R ...

Non-Cryogenic, Ammonia-Free Reduction of Aryl Compounds

A method of reducing an aromatic ring or a cyclic, allylic ether in a compound includes preparing a reaction mixture including a compound including an aromatic moiety or a cyclic, allylic ether moiety, an alkali metal, and either ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, or a combination thereof, in an ether solvent; and reacting the reaction mixture at from −20° C. to 30° C. for a time sufficient to reduce a double bond in the aromatic moiety to a single bond or to reduce the cyclic, allylic ether moiety. 1. A method of reducing an aromatic ring or a cyclic , allylic ether in a compound , comprising:preparing a reaction mixture comprising a compound comprising an aromatic moiety or a cyclic, allylic ether moiety, an alkali metal, and either ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, or a combination thereof, in an ether solvent; andreacting the reaction mixture at from −20° C. to 30° C. for a time sufficient to reduce a double bond in the aromatic moiety to a single bond or to reduce the cyclic, allylic ether moiety.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aromatic moiety or cyclic claim 1 , allylic ether moiety is substituted with a C-Ccarboxylic acid claim 1 , such as carboxyl (e.g. benzoic acid) claim 1 , carboxymethy claim 1 , carboxyethyl claim 1 , carboxypropyl claim 1 , carboxybutyl claim 1 , carboxypentyl claim 1 , or carboxyhexyl claim 1 , including structural isomers thereof.3. A method of reducing an aromatic ring or a cyclic claim 1 , allylic ether in a compound claim 1 , comprising:preparing a reaction mixture comprising a compound comprising an aromatic moiety or a cyclic, allylic ether moiety, an alkali metal, an alcohol, and either ethylenediamine or diethylenetriamine, in an ether solvent; andreacting the reaction mixture at from −20° C. to 30° C. for a time sufficient to reduce a double bond in the aromatic moiety to a single bond or to reduce the cyclic, allylic ether moiety.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPROTECTION FOR SITE-SELECTIVE IMMOBILIZATION AND LOCAL ASSEMBLY OF MOLECULES BY CLICK-CHEMISTRY

A method and devices for deprotecting anchored molecular compounds is provided which relies on an electrically addressable surface S with multiple compounds C thereon. Each compound C comprises three distinct moieties, including: a first moiety A, anchored to the surface S; a second moiety, which comprises an acetylene unit U, that is a molecular backbone bonded to the first moiety; and a third moiety P, which is a protection moiety for acetylene. The protection moiety P is bonded to the acetylene unit U of the second moiety via an electrochemically breakable bond. The surface S is submerged in an electrolyte, so that the compounds C are immersed in the electrolyte. The protection moiety P of at least a subset of the compounds C can be electrochemically cleaved by applying an electric potential between the surface S and the electrolyte, so as to obtain cleaved compounds C′ with free acetylene terminals. 1. A method for deprotecting anchored molecular compounds , the method comprising:providing an electrically addressable surface 5; a first moiety A, anchored to the surface 5;', 'a second moiety B being a molecular backbone B bonded to the first moiety, the second moiety comprising an acetylene unit U; and', 'a third moiety P that is a protection moiety for acetylene, the protection moiety P bonded to the acetylene unit U of the second moiety via an electrochemically breakable bond b;, 'providing a plurality of compounds C, each comprising three distinct moieties, includingsubmerging the surface S in an electrolyte, so as for the plurality of compounds C to be immersed in the electrolyte; andelectrochemically cleaving the protection moiety P of at least a subset of the compounds C, via a respective one of the breakable bonds b, by applying an electric potential between the electrically addressable surface S and the electrolyte, so as to obtain cleaved compounds C′ comprising, each, a free acetylene terminal T.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein cleaving the ...

HYDROGENATION OF CARBONYLS WITH TETRADENTATE PNNP LIGAND RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES

Described herein are catalytic hydrogenation processes, using Ru complexes with tetradentate ligands of formula L in hydrogenation processes for the reduction of ketone, aldehyde, ester, or lactone into the corresponding alcohol or diol respectively. These processes use a ruthenium complex of formula (1) as defined herein. 2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the ruthenium complex is of formula{'br': None, 'sub': '2', '[Ru(L)Y]\u2003\u2003 (1)'}{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'wherein L represents a tetradentate ligand as defined in ; and'}{'sub': 1', '6', '4', '4, 'each Y represents, simultaneously or independently, CO, a hydrogen or halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a C-Calkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, or carboxylic radical, or a BHor ALHgroup.'}3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein m is 1.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rrepresent claim 1 , simultaneously or independently claim 1 , a linear Cto Calkyl group optionally substituted claim 1 , a branched or cyclic Cto Calkyl group optionally substituted claim 1 , a phenyl group optionally substituted; or Rand R claim 1 , when taken together claim 1 , form a saturated or unsaturated ring optionally substituted claim 1 , having 4 claim 1 , 5 claim 1 , 6 claim 1 , or 7 carbon atoms and including the phosphorus atom to which said Rand Rgroups are bonded.6. A process according to claim 5 , wherein Rand Rrepresent a cyclohexyl claim 5 , a phenyl claim 5 , a tert-butyl claim 5 , an iso-propyl claim 5 , or an ethyl group.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rrepresent a phenyl group optionally substituted.8. A process according to claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and R claim 1 , taken separately claim 1 , represent claim 1 , simultaneously or independently claim 1 , a hydrogen atom claim 1 , a C-Clinear alkyl group optionally substituted claim 1 , a C-Cbranched or cyclic alkyl ...

Pd/UiO-66 catalyst with controllable-morphology Pd metal nanocrystalline core and preparation method thereof

本发明涉及一种具有可控形貌的Pd金属纳米晶体内核的Pd/UiO‑66催化剂及其制备方法和应用，所述Pd/UiO‑66催化剂的制备方法如下：S1：将对苯二甲酸溶解于二甲基甲酰胺得到溶液A，将钯盐溶解于二甲基甲酰胺得到溶液B，将四氯化锆溶解于二甲基甲酰胺得到溶液C，备用；S2：将溶液A与B混合并搅拌，再与溶液C混合，然后向混合液中加入小分子酸；S3：将S2所得混合溶液密封，加热并搅拌20～26h，反应结束后，将混合溶液离心、洗涤、干燥即得所述具有可控形貌的Pd金属纳米晶体内核的Pd/UiO‑66催化剂。本发明通过一步法制备得到的Pd/UiO‑66催化剂具有可控的Pd纳米晶体形貌，可控制Pd纳米颗粒的形貌为球形或四面体形；另外，制备得到的Pd/UiO‑66催化剂还具有良好的UiO‑66结晶状态和较高的比表面积。

Patent FR2176128B1

PROCESS FOR HYDROGENATION OF AROMATICS WITH CHLORINE INJECTION ON NOBLE METAL CATALYSTS

PROCESS FOR HYDROGENATION OF AROMATICS WITH CHLORINE INJECTION ON NOBLE METAL CATALYSTS

L'invention concerne un procédé d'hydrogénation d'aromatiques contenus dans des charges dont le point initial de distillation est supérieure à 100 deg.C. Il consiste à introduire du chlore à une teneur supérieure à 5 ppm poids par rapport à la charge à une température entre 200 deg.C et 450 deg.C sous une pression comprise entre 1MPA et 25MPa avec une VVH entre 0.1 et 10h**-1 et un taux volumique hydrogène sur charge de 100-2.000. Le catalyseur utilisé est de type métal noble. The invention relates to a process for the hydrogenation of aromatics contained in feeds whose initial distillation point is greater than 100 deg.C. It consists in introducing chlorine at a content greater than 5 ppm by weight relative to the load at a temperature between 200 deg.C and 450 deg.C under a pressure between 1MPA and 25MPa with a VVH between 0.1 and 10h ** - 1 and a hydrogen per charge volume ratio of 100-2000. The catalyst used is of the noble metal type.

Process for the reduction of chemical compounds

Process for the preparation of olefinic compounds by reducing coupling

SEMI-CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AMINO COMPOUNDS

PROCESS FOR REDUCING NITRAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING GROUPS OF SOLUBILIZATION IN WATER

Single-step method for producing toluene derivatives

The invention relates to a method for producing toluene derivatives of formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent hydrogen, alkyl-radicals, hydroxyl groups and/or alkoxy groups, wherein the corresponding benzoic acids, benzoic acid esters or benzoic acid anhydrides react with hydrogen in the presence of catalyst.

Aromatic compound hydrogenation process with chlorine injection over noble metal based catalysts

SEMI-CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AMINO COMPOUNDS

Improvements relating to the catalytic transformation of mixtures of oxygenated organic compounds

A process for the reductive dimerisation of an alpha, beta-olefinically unsaturated ester, amide or nitrile. The monomer is treated with an alkali metal or alk

Reduction of nitro compounds with aqueous solutions of a formate

A process for the reduction of organic nitro compounds containing groups which confer solubility in water comprising treatment of said compounds with an aqueous solution of a formate in presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.

Patent DE2534176C3

Process for the selective increase of the concentration of alcohols or organic acids in an aqueous mixture containing aldehydes and / or ketones

Improvements in or relating to the production of oxygen-containing and other organiccompounds

263,503. Dreyfus, H. July 1, 1925. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and hydrocarbons.-The production of oxygenated organic compounds or higher hydrocarbons by the catalytic interaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is effected at about atmospheric pressure. The catalysts employed are those described in Specification 20488/13, 227,147, 229,714, 229,715, 262,364, 262,494 and 262,832; methaneforming catalysts are excluded. Of the products, methyl alcohol, formaldehyde, keten, acetic acid and acetone are specified, but higher alcohols, acids, ketones and hydrocarbons may also be obtained. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 108,855, 157,047, and 179,951.

NEW HYDROGENATION PROCESS AND HYDROGENATION CATALYSTS

Process for hydrogenating and dehydrogenating organic compounds

Single-step method for producing toluene derivatives

The invention relates to a method for producing trimetoxytoluene of formula I, wherein the corresponding benzoic acids, benzoic acid esters or benzoic acid anhydrides react with hydrogen in the presence of catalyst.

Process for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds comprising chlorine injection, using catalysts based on a noble metal

The invention concerns a process for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds contained in feeds with an initial boiling point of more than 100° C. and which contain at least 10% by weight of aromatic compounds. It consists of introducing chlorine in a concentration of 0.5-500 ppm by weight with respect to the feed at a temperature of between 200° C. and 450° C., a pressure in the range 1 MPa to 25 MPa, an HSV of between 0.1 h -1 and 10 h -1 and a volume ratio of hydrogen to feed of 100-2000. The catalyst used is a noble metal type and contains less than 1% of at least one halogen. Preferably, the catalyst is fluorinated or chlorinated.

Reductive dimerization process of organic compounds

SINGLE-STAGE METHOD FOR OBTAINING TOLUOL DERIVATIVES

Одностадийный способ получения производных толуола формулы Iв которой R, Rи Rозначают независимо друг от друга водород, алкильные остатки, гидроксильные группы и/или алкоксигруппы, причем соответствующие бензойные кислоты, сложные эфиры бензойных кислот или ангидриды бензойных кислот подвергают взаимодействию с водородом в присутствии катализатора.Отчет о международном поиске был опубликован 2003.10.30. A one-step process for the preparation of toluene derivatives of the formula I, in which R, R and R are independently hydrogen, alkyl residues, hydroxyl groups and / or alkoxy groups, the corresponding benzoic acids, benzoic esters or benzoic anhydrides are reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. International Search was published 2003.10.30.

Single-step method for producing toluene derivatives

The invention relates to a method for producing toluene derivatives of formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent hydrogen, alkyl-radicals, hydroxyl groups and/or alkoxy groups, wherein the corresponding benzoic acids, benzoic acid esters or benzoic acid anhydrides react with hydrogen in the presence of catalyst.

Hydrodimerization process of acrylic acid derivatives

PROCESS FOR THE REDUCTION OF NITRO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING SOLUBILIZING GROUPS

Single-step method for producing trimethoxytoluene

Process for manufacturing hydrogenation products from unsaturated combinations

Single-step method for producing toluene derivatives

本发明涉及一种用于制备式I甲苯衍生物的方法，其中R 1 、R 2 和R 3 各自独立地是氢、烷基、羟基和/或烷氧基，其中在催化剂存在下，将相应的苯甲酸、苯甲酸酯或苯甲酸酐与氢气反应。

Patent FR2176128A1

Hydrogen splitting composition

A compound having the formula (I) where each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is independently C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl sυbstituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C16-C20 linear alkyl-, RO-, -NRR', -PRR', -SR, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof: and R5 is C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C3-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; where R and R' are each independently C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; A is N, P, S, or O with the proviso that when A is S, R2 is a nullitv; and M is B, Al, Ga or In.

Verfahren zur UEberfuehrung von sauerstoffhaltigen aromatischen, hydroaromatischen oder heterocyclischen Verbindungen in sauerstoffaermere oder sauerstofffreie Verbindungen

Verfahren zur katalytischen Reduktion von schwer reduzierbaren Verbindungen

Hydrogen splitting composition

A compound having the formula (I) where each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is independently C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl sυbstituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C16-C20 linear alkyl-, RO-, -NRR', -PRR', -SR, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof: and R5 is C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C3-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; where R and R' are each independently C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; A is N, P, S, or O with the proviso that when A is S, R2 is a nullitv; and M is B, Al, Ga or In.

Hydrogen splitting composition

Hydrogen splitting composition

A compound having the formula (I) where each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is independently C 6 -C 18 aryl-, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl-, C 6 -C 18 aryl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl sυbstituent, C 4 -C 20 branched alkyl-, C 16 -C 20 linear alkyl-, RO-, -NRR', -PRR', -SR, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof: and R 5 is C 6 -C 18 aryl-, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl-, C 6 -C 18 aryl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl-, C 2 -C 30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; where R and R' are each independently C 6 -C 18 aryl-, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl-, C 6 -C 18 aryl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl having at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl substituent, C 4 -C 20 branched alkyl-, C 2 -C 30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; A is N, P, S, or O with the proviso that when A is S, R 2 is a nullitv; and M is B, Al, Ga or In.

Verfahren zur katalytischen Wasserstoffanlagerung an fluessige Verbindungen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von gesaettigten cyclischen organischen Stickstoffverbindungen

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Process for hydrogenolysis of "c-0" and "c=0" bonds in organic matters

금속표면 상의 환원적 석출방법

본 발명은 환원가능한 화합물의, 그 자체 또는 환원성 금속과의 혼합물 또는 용액의 구성부분으로서의, 환원적 석출방법으로서, 상기 환원가능한 화합물이 실온에서 미세하게 분산된 환원성 금속의, 연속적 및 기계적으로 현장 (in situ) 재생된 깨끗한 금속 표면 상에 연속적 및 환원적으로 고정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법을 개시한다. 이 방법은 주로 독성 물질의 비독성화 및 부동화 분야에 있어서, 무기 및 유기 화합물을 화학적으로 환원시키는데 유용한 것임이 개시되어 있다.

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Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Reduktionsprodukten aus reduzierbaren organischen Verbindungen

Procédé pour la dimérisation réductrice d'esters amides ou nitriles à non-saturation oléfinique en alpha, bêta

Deuterierungsverfahren

Process for hydrogenolysis of "c-0" and "c=0" bonds in organic matters

Process for hydrogenolysis of "c-0" and "c=0" bonds in organic matters

Verfahren zur Hydrogenisation oder Dehydrogenisation von Kohlenstoffverbindungen

Verfahren zur Hydrogenisation und Dehydrogenisation

Verfahren zur Hydrogenisation oder Dehydrogenisation von Kohlenstoffverbindungen

卤代苯酞的制造方法

一种卤代苯酞的制造方法，包括使卤代酞酸酐与硼氢化钠进行反应的反应工序。

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Procédé d'hydrogénation des composés organiques

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Einstufiges verfahren zur herstellung von trimethoxytoluol

할로겐 치환된 프탈라이드의 제조법

할로겐 치환된 무수프탈산과 수소화붕소나트륨을 반응시키는 반응 공정을 포함하는 할로겐 치환된 프탈라이드의 제조법.

Production method of halogen-substituted phthalide

Disclosed is a method for producing a halogen-substituted phthalide, which includes a reaction step of reacting a halogen-substituted phthalic anhydride with sodium borohydride.

卤代苯酞的制造方法

一种卤代苯酞的制造方法，包括使卤代酞酸酐与硼氢化钠进行反应的反应工序。

할로겐 치환된 프탈라이드의 제조법

할로겐 치환된 무수프탈산과 수소화붕소나트륨을 반응시키는 반응 공정을 포함하는 할로겐 치환된 프탈라이드의 제조법.

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Verfahren zur Herstellung deuterierter, gesättigter acyclischer Äther, Alkohole, Carbonsäuren oder deren Ester oder Amide

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Verfahren zur Reduktion von Nitro- oder Nitrosogruppen enthaltenden aromatischen Verbindungen

Production method of halogen-substituted phthalide

Production method of halogen-substituted phthalide

ハロゲン置換フタリドの製造法

Mixed crystals and process for their preparation

Process of effecting chemical reactions

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Process for deuterating hydrocarbon inthe liquid state

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Process for deuterating hydrocarbon inthe liquid state

Deuterierung von funktionelle Gruppen enthaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen

Werkwijze voor het hydrogenereren van onverzadigde stoffen

Procédé d'obtention de catalyseurs pour hydrogénation.

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Verfahren zum Regenerieren von Nickelsulfid enthaltenden, insbesondere zur Reduktion von aromatischen Nitroverbindungen bestimmten Katalysatoren