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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 7083. Отображено 100.
29-03-2012 дата публикации

Integrated Process for the Production of Vinyl Acetate from Acetic Acid Via Ethylene

Номер: US20120078006A1
Автор: Barbara F. Kimmich, Deborah R. Repman, James H. Zink, Josefina T. Chapman, Laiyuan Chen, Victor J. Johnston
Принадлежит: Celanese International Corp

This invention provides an integrated two stage economical process for the production of vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) from acetic acid in the vapor phase. First, acetic acid is selectively hydrogenated over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethylene either in a single reactor zone or in a dual rector zone wherein the intermediate hydrogenated products are either dehydrated and/or cracked to form ethylene. In a subsequent second stage so formed ethylene is reacted with molecular oxygen and acetic acid over a suitable catalyst to form VAM. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst and subsequent reaction over a dehydration catalyst selectively produces ethylene, which is further mixed with acetic acid and molecular oxygen and reacted over a supported palladium/gold/potassium catalyst.

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Номер записи: 1
28-06-2012 дата публикации

Method for stereospecifically recycling a pla polymer mixture

Номер: US20120165554A1
Автор: Jonathan Willocq, Philippe Coszach
Принадлежит: Galactic Sa

The present invention relates to a method for the stereospecific chemical recycling of a mixture of polymers based on polylactic acid PLA, in order to reform the monomer thereof or one of the derivatives thereof. The latter may enter the traditional lactate market or once again serve as a raw material for synthesising PLA.

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Номер записи: 2
05-07-2012 дата публикации

Zinc cluster

Номер: US20120172601A1
Автор: Hideki Nara, Takahiro Fujiwara, Yoshimasa Matsushima
Принадлежит: Takasago International Corp

Disclosed is a novel zinc cluster compound represented by general formula (1): Zn 4 O (OCOR) 6 (RCOOH) n , wherein R represents an alkyl group which has 1 to 4 carbon atoms and may be substituted with a halogen atom, and n represents 0.1 to 1, and also disclosed are a method for producing the compound and a reaction using the compound.

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Номер записи: 3
27-09-2012 дата публикации

Process for Producing Ester of Carboxylic Acid from Cellulosic Biomass

Номер: US20120245367A1
Автор: Chungao Su, Hongping Ye, Meg M. Sun, Zuolin Zhu
Принадлежит: China Fuel Huaibei Bioenergy Technology Development Co Ltd, Sun Pharmaceuticals Inc

The invention discloses a technology for producing ester of carboxylic acid using cellulosic biomass as starting material. This technology comprises the following key steps: converting all of the organic polymers, including such high molecular-weight polymers as carbohydrate components and lignin, in cellulosic biomass into water soluble, small molecular organics completely in relatively short time under relatively mild conditions; separating the resultant water soluble compounds containing aromatic rings by adjusting the acidity/basicity of the reaction solution or by using adsorption resin; and converting the water soluble compounds containing aromatic rings into ester of carboxylic acid by hydrogenation and esterification in a corresponding alcohol solution.

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Номер записи: 4
01-11-2012 дата публикации

Processes for making high purity renewable source-based plasticizers and products made therefrom

Номер: US20120277357A1
Автор: Erik Hagberg, George Poppe, Stephen D. Horton, Stephen Howard
Принадлежит: Archer Daniels Midland Co

Presently disclosed are high purity unsaturated fatty acid esters with an ester moiety characterized by having from five to seven members in a ring structure, which esters when epoxidized find particular utility as primary plasticizers in flexible polyvinyl halide applications. Also disclosed are processes for making the high purity esters.

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Номер записи: 5
08-11-2012 дата публикации

Continuous process for producing biodiesel fuel

Номер: US20120279111A1
Автор: Alfredo Carlos BLASCO GARCÍA
Принадлежит: BIOCOMBUSTIBLES Y ENERGIAS ALTERNATIVAS ALS SA

A continuous process for producing biodiesel fuel with a conversion of triglycerides in biodiesel above 99.90% by weight in the transesterification step, which comprises the following steps: a) providing a triglyceride source at a triglyceride concentration above 99.0% by weight; b) subjecting triglycerides to a transesterification reaction with methanol, ethanol, or the mixtures thereof, at a molar ratio of triglycerides:alcohol 1:3-3.5, in the presence of 0.7 to 1.0% by weight of sodium or potassium hydroxide as catalyst, under ultrasonic cavitation conditions in an ultrasonic cavitation reactor with 2 to 8 serial cavitation cells, at a temperature of 45 to 60° C., at a pressure of 1.5 to 2 MPa (15-20 atm) and during a period of time of 15 to 30 seconds; c) recovering the product of step b) and subjecting it to mechanical agitation operation, at a temperature of 45 to 60° C. for a maximum of 10 minutes, up to the completion of the transesterification reaction, thus obtaining a conversion of triglycerides in biodiesel above 99.90% by weight; d) decanting and/or centrifuging the product resulting from step c) to remove glycerin; e) purifying biodiesel obtained in step d) by exchange resins; and f) removing by distillation methanol and water from the product of step e) and recovering the biodiesel fuel thus obtained.

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Номер записи: 6
15-11-2012 дата публикации

Process For Obtaining Fatty Acid Lower Alkyl Esters From Unrefined Fats And Oils

Номер: US20120288906A1
Автор: Adrian Chan, Ewelina Sobierska, Horst Josten, Truc Tran Anh
Принадлежит: Cognis IP Management GmbH

Described is a process for obtaining fatty acid C 1 -C 4 alkyl esters from unrefined fats and oils, wherein: (a) unrefined fats or oils having an acid value of from 1 to 20 are treated with hot steam in a counter-current column to provide a first fraction of free fatty acids and low boiling impurities and a second fraction of de-acidified and de-watered fats or oils; (b) said first fraction is subjected to esterification with lower C 1 -C 4 alcohols to provide a third fraction of fatty acid C 1 -C 4 alkyl esters; (c) said second and said third fraction are combined and subjected to a low pressure transesterification to provide an intermediate fraction of fatty acid C 1 -C 4 alkyl esters, C 1 -C 4 alcohols and glycerol; and (d) said intermediate is subjected to a separation process to remove C 1 -C 4 alcohols and the glycerol to provide a second fraction of C 1 -C 4 alkyl esters.

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Номер записи: 7
14-03-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR HYDROCHLORINATION OF MULTIHYDROXYLATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20130066091A1
Автор: Arrowood Tina L., Briggs John R., JR. William J., Kruper
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

A process for producing a chlorohydrin, an ester of a chlorohydrin, or a mixture thereof including the steps of contacting, in a hydrochlorination reactor, a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, an ester of a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof with a source of a hydrogen chloride, in the presence of a hydrophobic or extractable carboxylic acid catalyst is provided. 1. A process for producing a chlorohydrin , an ester of a chlorohydrin , or a mixture thereof comprising:contacting, in a hydrochlorination reactor, a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon ester, or a mixture thereof with a source of hydrogen chloride, in the presence of a hydrophobic carboxylic acid catalyst to produce a first product stream comprising chlorohydrins, hydrophobic chlorohydrin esters, or a mixture thereof;phase separating the first product stream into a hydrophobic stream and a non-hydrophobic stream, wherein the non-hydrophobic stream comprises water and hydrogen chloride and the hydrophobic stream comprises the hydrophobic chlorohydrin esters, and the hydrophobic carboxylic acid catalyst; andrecovering the hydrophobic stream by decantation.2. The process of further comprising:adding strong base to the hydrophobic stream to form a second product stream comprising epoxides, water, and the hydrophobic carboxylic acid catalyst and salts thereof; andseparating the second product stream into a first epoxide stream and a first carboxylic acid/salt stream comprising the hydrophobic carboxylic acid and salts thereof.3. The process of further comprising:adding a mineral acid to the first carboxylic acid/salt stream to form a first recovery stream comprising hydrophobic carboxylic acid, and a first discard stream comprising water and a salt;separating the first recovery stream into a hydrophobic carboxylic acid catalyst component and an aqueous salt component; andrecycling the hydrophobic carboxylic acid catalyst component ...

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Номер записи: 8
11-04-2013 дата публикации

TRANSESTERIFICATION PROCESS USING MIXED SALT ACETYLACETONATES CATALYSTS

Номер: US20130090492A1
Автор: Goossens Thomas Peter Anne, Hosten Noel Gabriel Cornelius, Van Aken Koen Jeanne Alfons, Vrielynck Freek Annie Camiel
Принадлежит: ECOSYNTH BVBA

This invention is directed to a general catalyst of high activity and selectivity for the production of a variety of esters, particularly acrylate and methacrylate-based esters, by a transesterification reaction. This objective is achieved by reaction of an ester of a carboxylic or a carbonic acid, in particular of a saturated or unsaturated, typically, a 3 to 4 carbon atom carboxylic acid; with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst comprising the combination of a metal 1,3-dicarbonyl complex (pref. Zn or Fe acetylacetonate) and a salt, in particular an inorganic salt, pref. ZnCl2, LiCI, NaCI, NH4CI or Lil. These catalysts are prepared from readily available starting materials within the reaction medium without the need for isolation (in-situ preparation). 1. A process for the transesterification of an ester of a carboxylic or a carbonic acid , comprising reacting the ester of the carboxylic or carbonic acid with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a mixture of a Zn or Fe 1 ,3-dicarbonyl complex and an inorganic salt.4. The process according to claim 2 , wherein R″ is alkyl; substituted alkyl; cycloalkyl; alkoxyalkyl; alkylpolyalkoxyalkyl; alkylphenoxyalkyl; alkylpolyphenoxyalkyl; phenylalkyl; alkylphenylalkyl; alkylmorpholinoalkyl; alkylpiperidinoalkyl; haloalkyl; cyanoalkyl; alkylthioalkyl; alkylimidazolidinones; mono- or di-alkyl-aminoalkyl; alkyl oxazolidines; hydroxy alkyl claim 2 , hydroxybutyl; and alkyls derived from ethylene glycol claim 2 , butanediol claim 2 , and polyoxyethyleneols.5. The process according to wherein the alcohol (R″OH) is selected from the group consisting of butanol claim 1 , pentanol claim 1 , isodecyl claim 1 , lauryl claim 1 , cetyl claim 1 , stearyl claim 1 , alkyl ether of polyoxyethylene claim 1 , dimethylaminoethanol claim 1 , 2-N-oxazolidinyl)ethyl claim 1 , 2-(N-morpholino)ethyl claim 1 , and dicyclopentenyloxyethyl.7. (canceled)8. The process of wherein the salt contains an inorganic cation selected from ...

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Номер записи: 9
02-05-2013 дата публикации

Method for obtaining compositions of biosolvents by esterification and obtained compositions of biosolvents

Номер: US20130105738A1
Автор: Gilbert Sapaly, Nadine Essayem, Thi Thu Ha Vu, Thi Thu Trang Nguyen, Thi Thuy Ha Nguyen
Принадлежит: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS

A method for synthesizing a composition comprising at least one acid ester stemming from the biomass and an organic biosolvent is provided. The method comprises the esterification reaction between at least one acid stemming from the biomass and at least one alcohol, in the presence of an acid catalyst and of the organic biosolvent, the organic biosolvent being selective of the ester or of the esters formed relatively to the acid or to the starting acids and non-miscible with the alcoholic solution of the acid stemming from the biomass.

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Номер записи: 10
09-05-2013 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFYING CATALYST AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR SAME

Номер: US20130116117A1
Автор: HOUSHITO Ohki, Nakahara Yunosuke
Принадлежит: Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd.

Disclosed is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst which includes barium hexaaluminate, and palladium and barium which are supported on barium hexaaluminate, wherein the amount of supported palladium, as reduced to metallic Pd, is 0.2 to 3.5 mass % with respect to the mass of barium hexaaluminate; the amount of supported barium, as reduced to BaO, is 1 to 20 mass % with respect to the mass of barium hexaaluminate; and the ratio by mole of supported barium to supported palladium, Ba/Pd, is (0.5 to 10)/1; an exhaust gas purifying catalyst product which has a catalyst support made of a ceramic or metallic material, and a layer which is formed of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst as a predominant component and which is supported on the catalyst support; and a method for producing the exhaust gas purifying catalyst product. 15-. (canceled)6. An exhaust gas purifying catalyst , characterized in that the catalyst comprises barium hexaaluminate , and palladium and barium which are supported on barium hexaaluminate , wherein the amount of supported palladium , as reduced to metallic Pd , is 0.2 to 3.5 mass % with respect to the mass of barium hexaaluminate; the amount of supported barium , as reduced to BaO , is 1 to 20 mass % with respect to the mass of barium hexaaluminate; and the ratio by mole of supported barium to supported palladium , Ba/Pd , is (0.5 to 10)/1.7. An exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to claim 6 , wherein the amount of supported palladium claim 6 , as reduced to metallic Pd claim 6 , is 1 to 3.5 mass % with respect to the mass of barium hexaaluminate; the amount of supported barium claim 6 , as reduced to BaO claim 6 , is 2 to 15 mass % with respect to the mass of barium hexaaluminate; and the ratio by mole of supported barium to supported palladium claim 6 , Ba/Pd claim 6 , is (2 to 4.5)/1.8. An exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to claim 6 , wherein the barium hexaaluminate is BaAlO(wherein x is 0.75 to 1 claim 6 , y is 10.9 to 12 claim 6 , ...

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Номер записи: 11
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Chain-selective synthesis of fuel components and chemical feedstocks

Номер: US20130130336A1
Автор: Edwin S. Olson
Принадлежит: Energy and Environmental Research Center Foundation

A method comprising providing a starting composition comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated fatty ester, a carboxylate salt of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated triglyceride, or a mixture thereof; self-metathesizing the starting composition or cross-metathesizing the starting composition with at least one short-chain olefin in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form self-/cross-metathesis products comprising: cyclohexadiene; at least one olefin; and one or more acid-, ester-, or salt-functionalized alkene; and reacting cyclohexadiene to produce at least one cycloalkane or cycloalkane derivatives. A method for producing cycloalkanes for jet fuel by providing a starting composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of algal and polyunsaturated vegetable oils, subjecting the starting composition to metathesis to produce metathesis product comprising at least one olefin, cyclohexadiene, and at least one acid-, ester-, or salt-functionalized alkene, and reacting the at least one olefin and cyclohexadiene to form cycloalkane(s).

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Номер записи: 12
30-05-2013 дата публикации

Reducing Emissions in Polyurethane Foam

Номер: US20130137787A1
Автор: ARNOLD, Burdeniuc Juan Jesus, JR. Allen Robert, Keller Renee Jo, Thurau Courtney Thompson
Принадлежит: AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.

This invention disclosure relates to a process to make flexible open cell polyurethane foam with optimum mechanical properties and lowest chemical emissions. Using the selection of tertiary amine catalysts together with a group of carboxylic acids according to this disclosure can produce foam products with optimum properties and lowest chemical emanations. 1. A catalyst comprising at least one acid selected from the group consisting of carboxylic diacids and carboxylic triacids , and at least one tertiary amine comprising at least one functionality selected from the group consisting of urea , amide , secondary-amine , primary amine or secondary-hydroxyl and wherein the acid has no isocyanate reactive groups and tertiary amine is substantially free of primary hydroxyl groups.2. The catalyst of wherein the acid comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of fumaric claim 1 , malonic claim 1 , maleic claim 1 , succinic claim 1 , glutaric claim 1 , adipic claim 1 , pimelic claim 1 , suberic claim 1 , azelaic claim 1 , sebacic claim 1 , glutaconic claim 1 , traumatic claim 1 , muconic claim 1 , phthalic claim 1 , isophthalic and therephthalic acids.3. The catalyst of wherein the tertiary amine comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of N claim 1 ,N-bis(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)amine; N claim 1 ,N-dimethyl-N′ claim 1 ,N′-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)-1 claim 1 ,3-propylenediamine; dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA); N-methyl-N′-2-hydroxypropyl-piperazine; bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amine claim 1 , dimethylaminopropyl urea; N claim 1 ,N′-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)urea claim 1 , bis(dimethylamino)-2-propanol claim 1 , N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole claim 1 , N-(2-hydroxypropyl)imidazole claim 1 , N-(2-hydroxyethylimidazole) claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N′-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)piperazine claim 1 , N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-morpholine.4. The catalyst of further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of 2-[N-( ...

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Номер записи: 13
30-05-2013 дата публикации

Integrated process for producing polyvinyl alcohol or a copolymer thereof and ethanol

Номер: US20130137903A1
Автор: Mark O. Scates
Принадлежит: Celanese International Corp

Ethanol is produced from acetic acid or acetic anhydride or a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride by a hydrogenation reaction. The acetic acid or acetic anhydride or a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride is produced from methyl acetate by a carbonylation reaction. The methyl acetate is produced as a byproduct during the conversion of a vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer to a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol. By integrating processes as described herein, a valuable product, i.e. ethanol, is produced from a methyl acetate byproduct.

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Номер записи: 14
13-06-2013 дата публикации

GRAPHENE OXIDE AND GRAPHITE OXIDE CATALYSTS AND SYSTEMS

Номер: US20130149211A1
Автор: Bielawski Christopher W., Dreyer Daniel R.
Принадлежит: GRAPHEA, INC.

A carbocatalyst for use in oxidation and polymerization reactions includes particles having a carbon and oxygen-containing material, such as catalytically-active graphene oxide and/or catalytically-active graphite oxide. In some cases, the particles are disposed on a solid support formed of a carbon-containing material, such as graphene or graphite, or a non-carbon containing material, such as a metallic or insulating material. 1. A non-transition metal catalyst comprising catalytically-active graphene oxide or catalytically-active graphite oxide , the catalyst having a transition metal content less than about 1 part per million.235. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal content is less than about 100 parts per billion. cm -. (canceled)6. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst has a hydrogen peroxide-terminated surface.7. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst has an OH-terminated surface.8. A graphene oxide or graphite oxide catalyst having at least about 25% carbon and at least about 0.01% oxygen as measured by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).9. A graphene oxide or graphite oxide catalyst having graphene oxide or graphite oxide with a carbon-to-oxygen ratio of at least about 0.5:1.1013-. (canceled)14. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst includes at least one surface moiety selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group claim 1 , aryl group claim 1 , alkenyl group claim 1 , alkynyl group claim 1 , hydroxyl group claim 1 , epoxide group claim 1 , peroxide group claim 1 , peroxyacid group claim 1 , aldehyde group claim 1 , ketone group claim 1 , ether group claim 1 , carboxylic acid and carboxylate group.1518-. (canceled)19. The catalyst of claim 1 , having one or more Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) features at about 3150 cm claim 1 , 1685 cm claim 1 , 1280 cmand 1140 cm.2066-. (canceled)67. A catalyst system comprising the catalyst of claim 1 , and further comprising:a source of a carbon-containing ...

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Номер записи: 15
13-06-2013 дата публикации

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING DERIVATIVES OF BETA-HYDROXYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS

Номер: US20130150616A1
Автор: ABRAHAM Timothy Walter, Meng Xiangsheng, TSOBANAKIS Paraskevas
Принадлежит: Cargill, Incorporated

Preparation of derivatives of β-hydroxycarboxylic acid, including β-hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, esters of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and alkoxy derivatives. 1. A method for preparing a β-hydroxycarboxylic acid ester comprising reacting a β-hydroxycarboxylic acid , or salt thereof , with an alcohol in the presence of an esterification catalyst and the absence of solvent other than the alcohol under substantially anhydrous conditions at atmospheric pressure and a temperature less than reflux temperature to produce the ester.2. A method according to comprising preparing the ester at ambient temperature.3. A method according to wherein the β-hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxypropionic acid claim 1 , 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acid claim 1 , 3-hydroxybutanoic acid claim 1 , 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid claim 1 , 3-hydroxy-2-methylpentanoic acid claim 1 , 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3-dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanoic acid claim 1 , 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionic acid claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. A method according to wherein the β-hydroxycarboxylic acid is 3-hydroxypropionic acid.5. A method according to wherein the alcohol contains between 1 and 7 carbon atoms claim 1 , inclusive.6. A method according to wherein the esterification catalyst comprises an acid catalyst.7. A method according to wherein the acid catalyst comprises an acid resin catalyst.8. A process for preparing a β-hydroxycarboxylic acid ester comprising: (a) providing a fermentation broth comprising a p-hydroxycarboxylic acid claim 6 , or salt thereof; (b) forming a solution comprising the β-hydroxycarboxylic acid claim 6 , or salt thereof claim 6 , from the fermentation broth; and (c) reacting the p-hydroxycarboxylic acid claim 6 , or salt thereof claim 6 , with an alcohol in the presence of an esterification catalyst and the absence of solvent other than the alcohol under substantially anhydrous ...

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Номер записи: 16
20-06-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS TO PRODUCE ALKENOIC ACID ESTERS FROM LACTONES

Номер: US20130158286A1
Автор: CASTELIJNS Anna Maria Cornelia Francisca
Принадлежит: DSM IP ASSETS B.V.

This invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkenoic acid esters comprising contacting a lactone with an alcohol and an acidic heterogeneous catalyst, characterised in that the process is carried out in the presence of at least 20 ppm of an acid having a pKa of 5 or less, relative to the amount of the lactone. The presence of at least 20 ppm of an acid having a pKa of 5 or less may stabilise the catalyst during the reaction and may also be used for reactivating an acidic heterogeneous catalyst. The improved yield advantageously allows energy conservation. 1. Process for the preparation of alkenoic acid ester comprising:(a) contacting a lactone with an alcohol and an acidic heterogeneous catalyst, wherein the process is carried out in the presence of at least 20 ppm of an acid having a pKa of 5 or less, relative to the amount of the lactone.2. Process according to wherein the acidic heterogeneous catalyst comprises a zeolite or an amorphous silica-alumina catalyst.3. Process according to wherein the acidic heterogeneous catalyst comprises a beta zeolite.4. Process according to wherein the acid is methanesulphonic acid or p-toluenesulphonic acid.5. Process according to further comprising adding the acid.6. Process according to wherein the process is carried out in the presence of from 0.26% to 10% wt water relative to the amount of the lactone.7. Process according to wherein the alcohol is an alkanol claim 1 , optionally methanol.8. Process according to wherein the lactone comprises 5-methylbutyrolactone.9. Process according to wherein the alcohol is methanol and wherein the lactone is 5-methylbutyrolactone claim 1 , thereby forming pentenoic acid methyl ester.10. Process according to which is a continuous process.11. Process according to which is a repetitive batch process claim 1 , wherein the process further comprises:(b) recovering the acidic heterogeneous catalyst from the alkenoic acid esters in the presence of said acid having a pKa of 5 or less, ...

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Номер записи: 17
27-06-2013 дата публикации

PRODUCTION METHOD OF INTERMEDIATE COMPOUND FOR SYNTHESIZING MEDICAMENT

Номер: US20130165659A1
Автор: An Ji Eun, KIM Bong Chan, Kim Kyu Young, Lee Hee Bong, Lee Kyu Woong
Принадлежит: LG LIFE SCIENCES LTD.

The present invention relates to a novel method for preparing a compound of formula (2) as the intermediate, which can be effectively used for preparation of a compound of formula (1) exhibiting good inhibitory activity against dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme. 3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein Pis t-butyl group claim 1 , and Pis methyl or ethyl group.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein GO is triflate claim 1 , mesylate claim 1 , tosylate claim 1 , besylate or nonaflate.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein R3 and R4 are hydrogen claim 1 , and R5 and R6 are fluorine.6. The method according to claim 2 , wherein in step (a) C-Ctrialkylamine is used as the base.7. The method according to claim 2 , wherein in step (b) acetic acid is used as the acid.8. The method according to claim 2 , wherein in the case of the compound of formula (2a) wherein Pis Boc and Pis t-butyl claim 2 , the hydrolysis of said step (c) is conducted under the basic condition to selectively remove only Pamong the protecting groups Pand Pto provide the compound of formula (2).9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is used as the base.11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein in step (a) the reduction is conducted using NaBH.12. The method according to claim 10 , wherein in step (b) the Gcompound is selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid anhydride (TfO) claim 10 , trifluoromethane sulfonyl chloride (TfCl) claim 10 , methanesulfonyl chloride (MsCl) claim 10 , toluenesulfonyl chloride (TsCl) claim 10 , bromobenzenesulfonyl chloride (BsCl) claim 10 , (CF(CF)SO)F and (CF(CF)SO)O.14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein Pis Boc claim 13 , Pis i-propyl group or t-butyl group claim 13 , and GO is triflate or nonaflate.17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein Pis Boc claim 16 , and Pis i-propyl or t-butyl.18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein in step (a) chloroformate or BocO is used as ...

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Номер записи: 18
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Method for producing ethylene glycol dimethacrylate

Номер: US20130172598A1
Автор: Gerhard Koelbl, Guenter Westhaeuser, Guenther Lauster, Guido Protzmann, Harald Trauthwein, Joachim Knebel, Thomas Kehr, Thorben Schuetz
Принадлежит: Evonik Roehm GmbH

The present invention relates to a process for preparing ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, which comprises transesterification of ethylene glycol with an ester of methacrylic acid in the presence of catalysts, wherein a combination comprising lithium amide (LiNH 2 ) and lithium chloride (LiCl) is used as catalyst. The process of the invention makes it possible to prepare ethylene glycol dimethacrylate particularly inexpensively and in a very high purity.

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Номер записи: 19
04-07-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF ALLYL ACETATE

Номер: US20130172602A1
Автор: Oguchi Wataru
Принадлежит: SHOWA DENKO K.K.

A process for production of allyl acetate includes steps of reacting acetic acid , oxygen and propylene in the presence of a catalyst in an oxidation reactor to form allyl acetate and water; separating the unreacted acetic acid by a distillation column ; and recovering an acetic acid-containing liquid which contains acetic acid and returning the acetic acid-containing liquid to the oxidation reactor via an acetic acid-water evaporator , the process further including a heating step of heating a process liquid which contains the acetic acid-containing liquid to a temperature of 80 to 250° C. by a heater. 1. A process for producing allyl acetate , comprising:reacting acetic acid, oxygen, and propylene in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor to produce allyl acetate and water;separating the unreacted acetic acid by a distillation column;recovering an acetic acid-containing liquid which contains acetic acid and returning the acetic acid-containing liquid to the reactor via an acetic acid-water evaporator; andheating a process liquid which contains the acetic acid-containing liquid to a temperature of 80 to 250° C. by a heater.2. The process for producing allyl acetate according to claim 1 , wherein the process liquid is the bottom liquid of the acetic acid-water evaporator.3. The process for producing allyl acetate according to claim 1 , wherein an evaporator is used as the heater.4. The process for producing allyl acetate according to claim 1 , wherein the process liquid after the heating is returned to the distillation column.5. The process for producing allyl acetate according to claim 1 , further comprising:hydrolyzing, before the separating, the allyl acetate; andsupplying an acetic acid-containing liquid containing the acetic acid formed by the hydrolysis to the distillation column for the separating.6. The process for production of allyl acetate according to claim 5 , wherein the distillation column separates acetic acid formed by the hydrolysis.7. The process ...

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Номер записи: 20
11-07-2013 дата публикации

REDUCTION CATALYST COMPRISING PALLADIUM-GOLD ALLOY

Номер: US20130177839A1
Автор: Mizusaki Tomoteru, NAGAMORI Kiyotaka
Принадлежит: N.E. CHEMCAT CORPORATION

Provide is a reduction catalyst, which comprises conductive carbon and a palladium-gold alloy supported on the carbon, wherein the alloying degree of said alloy is 50 to 100%. This palladium-supported catalyst has an excellent reduction ability, and exhibits a high conversion ratio and preferably an excellent selectivity when used for hydrogenation reaction. The reduction catalyst is useful as a catalyst for oxygen reduction or as a catalyst for hydrogenation. The catalyst for oxygen reduction is useful as a cathode electrode catalyst for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The cathode electrode catalyst can be used for a cathode electrode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. 1. A reduction catalyst which comprises conductive carbon and palladium-gold alloy supported on the carbon , wherein the alloying degree of said alloy is in a range of from 50 to 100%.2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is an oxygen-reduction catalyst.3. The catalyst according to claim 2 , wherein the catalyst is a cathode catalyst for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.4. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a hydrogenation catalyst.5. The catalyst according to claim 4 , wherein the hydrogenation is a reaction to convert an aliphatic nitrile compound to a primary amine by adding hydrogen atoms to the aliphatic nitrile compound.6. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of the alloy is 10 to 40% by weight relative to the weight of the catalyst.7. A cathode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which the catalyst according to is used.8. A method for reducing oxygen which comprises contacting the reduction catalyst according to with oxygen.9. A method for hydrogenating an organic compound having reducible functional groups claim 1 , which comprises contacting the reduction catalyst according to with said organic compound. The present invention relates to a reduction catalyst containing palladium-gold alloy.The palladium-supported catalysts in ...

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Номер записи: 21
08-08-2013 дата публикации

Method for producing lactic acids from carbohydrate-containing raw material

Номер: US20130204036A1
Автор: Atsushi Mori, Hideaki Tsuneki, Kazuhiko Satoh, Kenichi Tominaga, Shigeru Shimada, Yoshiaki Hirano
Принадлежит: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST, NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO LTD

An alternative method for efficiently producing lactic acids from a carbohydrate-containing raw material such as cellulose is provided. The method for producing lactic acid and/or lactic acid ester comprises performing heat treatment on a carbohydrate-containing raw material in a solvent containing a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of a tin compound, an indium compound, and a rhenium compound, and the solvent contains water and/or alcohol.

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Номер записи: 22
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Secondary Alcohols and Esters Made Therefrom

Номер: US20130210984A1
Автор: Colle Karla S., Godwin Allen D.
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.

The invention relates to secondary alcohols produced by contacting an olefin and a carboxylic acid with a zeolite, esters made therefrom, and to plasticizer compositions comprising the esters. 1. A process comprising reacting an olefin with a carboxylic acid in the presence of a zeolite under predetermined conditions , said zeolite and said conditions suitable to produce a product comprising a mixture of alkyl carboxylate esters , including an α-methylalkyl carboxylate ester and other isomers of said alkyl carboxylate esters , wherein the ratio of said α-methylalkyl carboxylate ester to said other isomers is greater than 1 , followed by converting at least a portion of the mixture of the alkyl carboxylate esters to a high C—OH content secondary alcohol mixture by a method selected from hydrolysis , hydrogenation , and chemical reduction , with subsequent reaction of the secondary alcohol mixture with dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids or their anhydrides to produce plasticizing esters.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said carboxylic acid is selected from C-Ccarboxylic acids.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said carboxylic acid includes acetic acid.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said olefin is selected from C-Calpha olefins or C-Colefin mixtures containing greater than 50% linear alpha olefins.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said zeolite is selected from at least one of ZSM-12 and ZSM-5.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein said zeolite is ZSM-12.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein said ratio is greater than 3.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein said ratio is greater than 15.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein said dicarboxylic acid or tricarboxylic acid is selected from adipic acid claim 1 , phthalic acid claim 1 , phthalic anhydride claim 1 , terephthalic acid claim 1 , dimethyl terephthalic acid claim 1 , trimellitic acid claim 1 , trimellitic anhydride claim 1 , citric acid claim 1 , hexahydrophthalic acid claim 1 , hexahydrophthalic anhydride ...

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Номер записи: 23
22-08-2013 дата публикации

PALLADIUM AND GOLD CATALYSTS

Номер: US20130217566A1
Автор: Fujdala Klye L., WANG Jian
Принадлежит: WGCH Technology Limited (c/o World Gold Council)

An emission control catalyst for treating an engine exhaust includes an oxide carrier, and palladium particles and gold particles supported on the oxide carrier, wherein the catalyst has a palladium to gold weight ratio in a range of about 0.5:1 to about 1:0.5. 1. An emission control catalyst for treating an engine exhaust comprising:an oxide carrier; andpalladium and gold particles supported on the oxide carrier, wherein the catalyst has a palladium to gold weight ratio in a range of about 0.5:1 to about 1:0.5.2. The emission control catalyst of claim 1 , further comprising a substrate having a honeycomb structure with gas flow channels claim 1 , wherein the oxide carrier and the palladium and gold particles are coated on the walls of the gas flow channels.3. The emission control catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the substrate further comprises a second oxide carrier having platinum based metal particles.4. The emission control catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the oxide carrier containing the palladium and gold particles are disposed in a first zone and the second oxide carrier is disposed in a second zone.5. The emission control catalyst of claim 3 , further comprising zeolite.6. The emission control catalyst of claim 1 , further comprising a second oxide carrier having platinum and palladium particles.7. The emission control catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the oxide carrier containing the palladium and gold particles are disposed in a first zone and the second oxide carrier is disposed in a second zone.8. The emission control catalyst of claim 6 , further comprising zeolite.9. The emission control catalyst of claim 8 , wherein the zeolite includes a mixture having beta zeolite and ZSM-5 zeolite having a weight ratio of about 1:1. This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 12/030,793, filed Feb. 13, 2008; which application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/624,116, filed Jan. 17, 2007, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/624,128, ...

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Номер записи: 24
12-09-2013 дата публикации

HIGH SHEAR PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MICRONIZED WAXES

Номер: US20130237717A1
Автор: Borsinger Gregory G., HASSAN Abbas, Hassan Aziz
Принадлежит: H R D Corporation

A method and system for producing dispersed waxes, including a high shear mechanical device. In one embodiment, the method comprises forming a dispersion of wax globules in a carrier liquid in a high shear device prior to implementation in a waxy product. In another instance the system for producing waxy products comprises a high shear device for dispersing wax in a carrier liquid. 16.-. (canceled)7. A high shear system for the production of wax product , comprising;a pump positioned upstream of a high shear device, the pump in fluid connection with a high shear device inlet;a high shear device that produces a dispersion of wax globules in carrier liquid, the dispersion having an average globule diameter of less than about 500 μm; andan reactor configured for the extraction of wax from the dispersion.8. The system of wherein the high shear device comprises at least one rotor/stator set configured with gap clearance configured to form a dispersion having a predetermined globule diameter.9. The system of wherein the rotor/stator set is configured to produce dispersed a shear rate of at least about 20 claim 8 ,000 s.10. The system of wherein the dispersion comprises a carrier liquid with wax globules dispersed therein.11. The system of claim 7 , further comprising a heater configured for raising the temperature of the wax to above about the wax melting temperature prior to introduction to the high shear device.12. The system if claim 7 , further comprising a heat exchanger disposed between the high shear device and the reactor claim 7 , configured for reducing the temperature of the dispersion to below about the wax melting temperature.13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the heat exchanger comprises one chosen from a quench reactor claim 12 , an expansion nozzle claim 12 , and combinations thereof.14. The system of claim 7 , wherein the reactor comprises an inlet configured to reduce the temperature of the dispersion to below about the wax melting temperature.15. The ...

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Номер записи: 25
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Processes for Producing Vinyl Acetate Composition Having Low Impurity Content

Номер: US20130261330A1
Автор: Ilias S. Kotsianis, Jessica Freeman, Lauren Moore, Naveed Aslam, Quiang Yao
Принадлежит: Celanese International Corp

The present invention, in one embodiment, is to a process for inhibiting impurity formation a vinyl acetate formation reaction. The process comprises the step of providing a reactor comprising an inlet section, an outlet section, a filler (or fillers), and a catalyst block section. The filler is disposed in the outlet section. The catalyst block section may be in communication with and configured between the inlet and outlet sections. The process further comprises the steps of introducing the reactants to the inlet section and contacting the reactants in the catalyst block section under conditions effective to form a crude vinyl acetate composition. The process may further comprise the step of directing the crude vinyl acetate composition into the outlet section, which comprises the filler.

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Номер записи: 26
10-10-2013 дата публикации

CATALYST COMPRISING PHYSICALLY AND CHEMICALLY BLOCKED ACTIVE PARTICLES ON A SUPPORT

Номер: US20130264520A1
Автор: Bonhomme Claire, Chartier Thierry, Del-Gallo Pascal, Faure Raphael, Goudalle Sebastien, Rossignol Fabrice
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a catalyst comprising: a) a catalyst support made of a ceramic, the support comprising an arrangement of crystallites having the same size, the same isodiametric morphology and the same chemical composition or substantially the same size, the same isodiametric morphology and the same chemical composition, in which each crystallite makes point contact or almost point contact with the surrounding crystallites; and b) at least one active phase comprising metallic particles that interact chemically with said catalyst support made of a ceramic and that are mechanically anchored to said catalyst support in such a way that the coalescence and mobility of each particle are limited to a maximum volume corresponding to that of a crystallite of said catalyst support. 112-. (canceled)13. A catalyst comprising:a) a ceramic catalyst support comprising an arrangement of crystallites of the same size, same isodiametric morphology, and same chemical composition or substantially the same size, same isodiametric morphology, and same chemical composition, in which each crystallite is in point or quasi point contact with its surrounding crystallites, andb) at least one active phase comprising metal particles exhibiting chemical interactions with said ceramic catalyst support and mechanical anchoring in said catalyst support such that the coalescence and the mobility of each particle is limited to a maximum volume corresponding to that of one crystallite in said catalyst support.14. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the chemical interaction is selected from electronic interactions and/or epitaxial interactions and/or partial encapsulation interactions.15. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein said arrangement is in spinel phase.16. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the metal particles are selected from rhodium claim 13 , platinum claim 13 , palladium and/or nickel.17. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the crystallites have an average equivalent diameter of ...

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Номер записи: 27
31-10-2013 дата публикации

COMPLEX OLIGOMERIC STRUCTURES

Номер: US20130289301A1
Автор: "Gesti Garcia Sebastia", Bastioli Catia, Capuzzi Luigi, Magistrali Paolo
Принадлежит: Novamont S.p.A.

Mixture of triglycerides obtained from vegetable oils comprising one or more of the following oligomeric structures: R4—[O—C(O)—R1—C(O)—O—CH2—CH(OR2)—CH2]n—O—R3 wherein R1 is selected from C2-C22 alkylenes, R2 is selected from one or more of the following groups consisting of C6-C24 dicarboxylic acid residues and C6-C24 monocarboxylic acid residues, R3 is selected from one or more of the following groups consisting of H, C6-C24 dicarboxylic acid residues and C6-C24 monocarboxylic acid residues, R4 is an alkyl group, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, said C6-C24 dicarboxylic acid residues of R2 and R3 being esterified with monoalcohols and said mixture of triglycerides having a Numerical Average Molecular Weight (Mn) of between 800 and 10.000 Da. 2. Mixture of triglycerides according to claim 1 , wherein R1 is a C-Calkylene.3. Mixture of triglycerides according to claim 1 , wherein the C-Cdicarboxylic acid residues of R2 and R3 are esterified with linear or branched C-Cmonoalcohols.4. Mixture of triglycerides according to wherein said monoalcohols are methyl alcohol claim 2 , ethyl alcohol claim 2 , propyl alcohol and butyl alcohol.5. Mixture of triglycerides according to claim 1 , wherein Ris a branched or linear C-Calkyl group.6. Mixture of triglycerides according to claim 1 , wherein the C-Cdicarboxylic acid residues of R2 and R3 are suberic acid claim 1 , azelaic acid claim 1 , brassylic acid and their mixtures.7. Mixture of triglycerides according to claim 1 , wherein “n” is an integer equal to 2 or equal to 3.8. Mixture of triglycerides according to claim 1 , containing monomeric triglycerides containing at least one C-Cdicarboxylic acid residue.10. Process according to claim 9 , wherein the mixture of one or more triglycerides containing saturated carboxylic acids having more than one acid function is the product of the oxidative cleavage of vegetable oils.11. Process according to claim 9 , wherein said esterification reaction is performed with ...

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Номер записи: 28
21-11-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METHYL ACETATE/ACETIC ACID

Номер: US20130310599A1
Автор: DITZEL Evert Jan
Принадлежит: BP CHEMICALS LIMITED

A process for the production of methyl acetate and/or acetic acid by contacting a carbon monoxide-containing gas and methanol and/or reactive derivatives thereof with a mordenite loaded with copper and silver loaded by ion-exchange and subsequently regenerating the catalyst. 115-. (canceled)16. A process for the production of at least one of methyl acetate and acetic acid which process comprises contacting in a reactor a carbon monoxide-containing gas and a carbonylatable reactant selected from at least one of methanol and reactive derivatives thereof with a catalyst which comprises a mordenite loaded with copper and silver , the loading of the copper and silver being carried out by ion-exchange of part or all of the cation-exchangeable sites of the mordenite with copper and silver ions , to produce at least one of methyl acetate and acetic acid and subsequently regenerating the catalyst.17. A process according to wherein the loading of copper and silver is carried out onto a mordenite which is in the ammonium form or in the proton form.18. A process according to wherein the loading of copper and silver onto mordenite is carried out by sequential ion-exchange.19. A process according to wherein the mordenite is loaded with copper in an amount in the range 5 to 30 mol % relative to aluminium and silver in an amount in the range 5 to 50 mol % relative to aluminium.20. A process according to wherein the loading of copper and silver onto mordenite is carried out in accordance with the steps:(1) contacting the mordenite with at least one aqueous solution of a metal salt selected from copper and/or silver salts until the mordenite is at or above its level of incipient wetness(2) filtering the contacted mordenite to obtain a solid copper and/or silver loaded mordenite(3) washing the copper and/or silver loaded mordenite with a solvent(4) drying the washed copper and/or silver loaded mordenite(5) where necessary, steps (1) to (5) are repeated so as to obtain a mordenite ...

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Номер записи: 29
28-11-2013 дата публикации

EXCESS ENTHALPY UPON PRESSURIZATION OF DISPERSED PALLADIUM WITH HYDROGEN OR DEUTERIUM

Номер: US20130316897A1
Автор: Kidwell David A.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is a method for producing excess enthalpy by (a) either dispersing atomic metal ions or clusters on a support and reacting the metal ions with a chelating ligand or dispersing chelated atomic metal ions on a support and (b) pressurizing with hydrogen or deuterium to reduce the metal ion to a metal atom resulting in the growth of dispersed metal particles less than 2 nm in diameter on the support. During the particle growth, there is a growth period during which a critical particle size is reached and excess enthalpy is produced. The growth period is typically several days long 1. A method for producing excess enthalpy , comprising:dispersing atomic metal ions or clusters in or on a support;reacting said supported metal ions or clusters with a chelating ligand; andpressurizing with hydrogen or deuterium to reduce the metal ion to a metal atom resulting in the growth of dispersed metal particles less than 2 nm in diameter in or on the support;wherein during the particle growth there is a growth period during which a critical particle size is reached, wherein during the growth period excess enthalpy is produced, and wherein the growth period is at least one hour.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal comprises palladium.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chelating ligand comprises nitrite.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the excess enthalpy can provide useful work.5. The method of claim 1 , additionally comprising providing alkaline earth ions.6. The method of wherein the alkaline earth ions comprise calcium claim 5 , barium claim 5 , or a combination thereof.7. A method for producing excess enthalpy claim 5 , comprising:preparing a chelating atomic metal ion or cluster;dispersing said chelated atomic metal ion or cluster in or on a support; andpressurizing with hydrogen or deuterium to reduce the metal ion to a metal atom resulting in the growth of dispersed metal particles less than 2 nm in diameter in or on the support;wherein during the ...

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Номер записи: 30
12-12-2013 дата публикации

PALLADIUM-GOLD CATALYST SYNTHESIS

Номер: US20130331258A1
Автор: Hao Xianghong, Harrison Brian, McCool Geoffrey, Sharma Ramesh, Wahl Dietmar
Принадлежит: WGCH Technology Limited (c/o World Gold Council)

A supported palladium-gold catalyst is produced under mild conditions using a commonly available base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium carbonate (NaCO). In this method, support materials and a base solution are mixed together and the temperature of the mixture is increased to a temperature above room temperature. Then, palladium salt and gold salt are added to the mixture while maintaining the pH of the mixture to be greater than 7.0 and keeping the mixture at a temperature above room temperature. This is followed by cooling the mixture while adding acetic acid to maintain the pH of the mixture to be within a desired pH range, filtering out the supported palladium-gold particles, washing with a pH buffer solution and calcining. 1. An emission control catalyst for treating an engine exhaust comprising an alumina support and metal particles consisting essentially of palladium and gold dispersed within pores of the alumina support , wherein at least ⅔ of the pores on the surface of the alumina support have diameters that are greater than 10 nm.2. The emission control catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein about ½ of the pores on the surface of the alumina support have diameters that are greater than 20 nm.3. The emission control catalyst according to claim 2 , further comprising a platinum-based catalyst.4. The emission control catalyst according to claim 3 , wherein the platinum-based catalyst is a platinum-palladium catalyst.5. The emission control catalyst according to claim 4 , further comprising zeolite.6. The emission control catalyst according to claim 4 , further comprising bismuth. This application is a divisional application of Ser. No. 12/686,568, filed Jan. 13, 2010, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/357,346, filed Jan. 21, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,709,407, issued May 4, 2010.1. Field of the InventionEmbodiments of the present invention generally relate to supported catalysts containing precious group metals ...

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Номер записи: 31
12-12-2013 дата публикации

Process For The Preparation Of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters (Biodiesel) From Triglyceride Oils Using Eco-Friendly Solid Base Catalysts

Номер: US20130331587A1
Автор: Antonyraj Churchil Angel, Sankaranarayanan Sivashunmugam, Srinivasan Kannan
Принадлежит:

This invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of green fatty acid methyl esters (FAME; commonly called as biodiesel) from different triglyceride oils using mixed metal oxides derived from layered double hydroxides (referred here as LDHs) as reusable solid heterogeneous base catalysts. This process uses very low alcohohoil molar ratio and catalyst and/or products are easily separable after the reaction through simple physical processes. The properties of thus obtained biodiesel meet the standard biodiesel values and can directly be used as transport fuel. 1. An improved process for the preparation of fatty acid alkyl-esters (FAAE) from triglyceride oils using solid base catalysts , the process comprising the steps of:i) mixing alcohol and triglyceride oil in a molar ratio of alcohol:oil in the range of 1.5:1 to 30:1;ii. adding the catalyst to alcohol-oil mixture as obtained in step (i) in the range of 1 to 12 wt % with respect to the triglyceride oil taken;iii. heating the alcohol-oil mixture as obtained in step (ii) in an oil bath having temperature in the range of 30 to 100° C. for a period in the range of 1 to 24 h to form reaction mixture;iv. filtering the reaction mixture as obtained in step (iii) to separate the catalyst from the reaction products;v. separating glycerol from the filtrate as obtained in step (iv) to obtain fatty acid alkyl esters.2Helianthus annuusArachis hypogaeaBrassica junceaElaeis guineensisSesamum indicumOryza sativaGossypium arboretumZea maysGlycine maxRicinus communisAzadirachta indicaJatropha curcusQuassia indicaHydnocarpus wightianaPongamia pinnataCalophyllum inophyllum. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the triglyceride oil used in step (i) is selected from the group consisting of sunflower () oil claim 1 , groundnut () oil claim 1 , mustard () oil claim 1 , palmolein () oil claim 1 , gingelly (sesame/til; ) oil claim 1 , ricebran () oil claim 1 , cottonseed () oil claim 1 , corn () oil claim 1 , soyabean ...

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Номер записи: 32
02-01-2014 дата публикации

TRIMER CATALYST ADDITIVES FOR IMPROVING FOAM PROCESSABILITY

Номер: US20140005037A1
Автор: Burdeniuc Juan Jesus, DEWHURST John Elton, Panitzsch Torsten, Vedage Gamini Ananda
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides trimerization catalyst compositions and methods to produce a polyisocyanurate/polyurethane foam using such trimerization catalyst compositions. The catalyst composition is the contact product of at least one α,β-unsaturated carboxylate salt and at least one second carboxylate salt. 2. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein X claim 1 , Y claim 1 , and Z are selected independently from a hydrogen atom claim 1 , methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , butyl claim 1 , pentyl claim 1 , hexyl claim 1 , phenyl claim 1 , tolyl claim 1 , benzyl claim 1 , —COH claim 1 , or —COM.3. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein Mis an ion of lithium claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , sodium claim 1 , rubidium claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , or calcium claim 1 , or a quaternary ammonium ion.4. The catalyst composition of claim 3 , wherein Mis a potassium ion.5. The catalyst composition of claim 3 , wherein the quaternary ammonium ion is tetramethylammonium claim 3 , tetraethylammonium claim 3 , tetrapropylammonium claim 3 , tetrabutylammonium claim 3 , trimethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium claim 3 , triethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium claim 3 , tripropyl(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium claim 3 , tributyl(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium claim 3 , trimethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium claim 3 , triethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium claim 3 , tripropyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium claim 3 , tributyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium claim 3 , dimethylbenzyl(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium claim 3 , or dimethylbenzyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium.6. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one α claim 1 ,β-unsaturated carboxylate salt is a salt of acrylic acid claim 1 , methacrylic acid claim 1 , fumaric acid claim 1 , maleic acid claim 1 , or any combination thereof.7. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one α claim 1 ,β-unsaturated carboxylate salt is potassium acrylate claim 1 , tetramethylammonium acrylate claim 1 , tetraethylammonium acrylate claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 33
02-01-2014 дата публикации

Production of Biodiesel and Glycerin from High Free Fatty Acid Feedstocks

Номер: US20140005424A1
Автор: Downey Jared A., Jackam John P., Winkel Derek J.
Принадлежит: REG Seneca, LLC

A system and method for the conversion of free fatty acids to glycerides and the subsequent conversion of glycerides to glycerin and biodiesel includes the transesterification of a glyceride stream with an alcohol. The fatty acid alkyl esters are separated from the glycerin to produce a first liquid phase containing a fatty acid alkyl ester rich (concentrated) stream and a second liquid phase containing a glycerin rich (concentrated) stream. The fatty acid alkyl ester rich stream is then subjected to distillation, preferably reactive distillation, wherein the stream undergoes both physical separation and chemical reaction. The fatty acid alkyl ester rich stream is then purified to produce a purified biodiesel product and a glyceride rich residue stream. The glycerin rich second liquid phase stream may further be purified to produce a purified glycerin product and a (second) wet alcohol stream. Neutralization of the alkaline stream, formed during the alkali-catalyzed transesterfication process, may proceed by the addition of a mineral or an organic acid. 1. A process for increasing fatty acid alkyl ester yield from a feedstock containing free fatty acids , said process comprising:a. reacting said feedstock in a glycerolysis reactor with glycerin to produce glycerides and water, wherein the glycerolysis reaction is conducted at a temperature and a pressure capable of turning the water into water vapor;b. removing the water vapor from the glycerolysis reactor; andc. reacting said glycerides in a transesterification reactor with an alcohol to produce fatty acid alkyl esters.2. A process for increasing fatty acid alkyl ester yield from a feedstock containing free fatty acids , said process comprising:a. reacting said feedstock in a glycerolysis reactor with glycerin to produce glycerides and water;b. removing a vapor stream from the glycerolysis reactor;c. separating the vapor stream into a first fraction and a second fraction, wherein the second fraction has a high ...

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Номер записи: 34
23-01-2014 дата публикации

PREPARATION OF 3,5-DIOXO HEXANOATE ESTER IN TWO STEPS

Номер: US20140024842A1
Автор: Hu Guixian, Jackson Barry, Noti Christian
Принадлежит: LONZA LTD

The invention discloses a method for the preparation of tert-butyl 6-chloro-3,5-dioxohexanoate from Meldrum's acid derivative and its use for the preparation of tert-butyl(4R,65)-(6-hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate (BHA), Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin. 120-. (canceled)22. Method (B) according to claim 21 , wherein R1-IV and R3 are identical and are Cl or Br.23. Method (B) according to claim 21 , wherein base (B) is selected from the group consisting of N(R4)(R5)R6 claim 21 , 1 claim 21 ,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane claim 21 , a hexamethyldisilazide claim 21 , a Calkoxide salt of claim 21 , a Ccarboxylate salt of claim 21 , a carbonate salt of claim 21 , a hydrogen carbonate salt of claim 21 , a phosphate salt of claim 21 , a monohydrogenphosphate salt of or a dihydrogenphosphate salt of Na claim 21 , of K or of Li claim 21 , 1 claim 21 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene claim 21 , NaNH claim 21 , KNH claim 21 , NaH claim 21 , KH claim 21 , CaH claim 21 , pyridine claim 21 , pyridine substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected identical or different Calkyl residues claim 21 , N claim 21 ,N-dimethyl-4-pyridinamine claim 21 , morpholine claim 21 , 4-methylmorpholine claim 21 , 1-methylpiperidine claim 21 , imidazol claim 21 , benzimidazol claim 21 , 2-methylimidazole claim 21 , 4-methylimidazole claim 21 , 2-ethylimidazole claim 21 , 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole claim 21 , 2-isopropylimidazole claim 21 , 2-phenylimidazole claim 21 , 4-phenylimidazole claim 21 , picoline claim 21 , CsCO claim 21 , NaOH claim 21 , KOH claim 21 , Ca(OH)and mixtures thereof; with R4 claim 21 , R5 and R6 as defined in .24. Method (B) according to claim 21 , wherein R4 claim 21 , R5 claim 21 , R6 are identical or different and independently from each other selected from the group consisting of cyclohexyl claim 21 , phenyl claim 21 , methyl claim 21 , ethyl claim 21 , n-propyl claim 21 , iso-propyl claim 21 , n-butyl claim 21 , iso-butyl claim 21 , sec-butyl claim 21 , tert- ...

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Номер записи: 35
06-02-2014 дата публикации

CATALYST AND METHOD OF PREPARATION

Номер: US20140038814A1
Автор: CHIFFEY ANDREW FRANCIS, David Bergeal, Johnston Peter, Moreau François, PHILLIPS PAUL RICHARD
Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY

A method of making a supported catalytic species comprising an alloy of at least two metals, comprises the steps of: 1. A method of making a supported catalytic species comprising an alloy of at least two metals , the method comprising the steps of:(i) combining a particulate support material, a solution of a first metal compound, a solution of a second metal compound, and a solution of an alkaline precipitating agent to form a slurry mixture;(ii) agitating the slurry mixture to form solids; and(iii) contacting the solids with a reducing agent,wherein the first metal in the first metal compound and the second metal in the second metal compound is each independently selected from the group consisting of gold, palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, silver, osmium and ruthenium; and wherein the first metal is not the same as the second metal.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal is selected from gold claim 1 , platinum and rhodium and the second metal is palladium.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the first metal is gold and the second metal is palladium.4. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the first metal is platinum and the second metal is palladium.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent comprises hydrazine.6. A supported catalytic species prepared by the method of .7. A supported catalytic species according to claim 6 , wherein at least 80 wt % of the first metal on the particulate support material and at least 80 wt % of the second metal on the particulate support material is in the form of an alloy.8. A catalyst particle comprising a support material claim 6 , palladium and gold characterised in that ≧0.70% of the gold and 0.70% of the palladium are present in the form of an alloy of palladium and gold claim 6 , the average metal crystallite size of the alloy is <15 nm after ageing in air for 48 hours at 750° C. and the catalyst particle contains a total of from 0.1-10% by weight of palladium and gold.9. A ...

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Номер записи: 36
06-03-2014 дата публикации

Process for Producing Vinyl Acetate

Номер: US20140066649A1
Автор: Aslam Naveed, Hammock Tony, Hanks Kevin, Kotsianis Illias S., Pan Tianshu, Rangel-Osalde Daniel, Vismans Pieter, Wallace Kelly
Принадлежит: Celanese International Corporation

The present invention relates to a process for forming vinyl acetate. The process comprises the step of providing a reaction mixture having an initial heat capacity. The reaction mixture comprises acetic acid, oxygen, ethylene, and optionally water. The process further comprises the step of adding to the reaction mixture at least one heat capacity modifier to form an increased heat capacity reaction mixture. The process further comprises the step of contacting the acetic acid, oxygen, and ethylene over a catalyst under conditions effective to form a crude vinyl acetate product. The crude vinyl acetate product comprises vinyl acetate and water. 1. A process for forming vinyl acetate , comprising the steps of:(a) providing a reaction mixture having an initial heat capacity and comprising acetic acid, oxygen, ethylene, and optionally water;(b) adding to the reaction mixture at least one heat capacity modifier to form an increased heat capacity reaction mixture; and(c) contacting the acetic acid, oxygen, and ethylene over a catalyst under conditions effective to form a crude vinyl acetate product comprising vinyl acetate and water.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the at least one heat capacity modifier is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen claim 1 , water claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , ethane claim 1 , methane claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the increased heat capacity reaction mixture comprises at least 1 mol % of the at least one heat capacity modifier.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the at least one heat capacity modifier to ethylene in the reaction mixture from step (b) is greater than 0.01:1.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture from step (b) comprises at least 1 mol % oxygen.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein step (a) forms carbon dioxide wherein the crude vinyl acetate product further comprises from 1 mol % to 75 mol % carbon dioxide.7. A process for forming vinyl ...

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Номер записи: 37
06-03-2014 дата публикации

Process for Vinyl Acetate Production Having Sidecar Reactor for Predehydrating Column

Номер: US20140066650A1
Автор: Aslam Naveed, Basu Sayanti, Qi Wei
Принадлежит: Celanese International Corporation

A process for producing vinyl acetate in which a secondary reactant stream is obtained from a predehydrating column and reacted in a sidecar reactor to further increase conversion of ethylene, acetic acid, and molecular oxygen and increase production of vinyl acetate. 1. A vinyl acetate production process comprising the steps of:contacting in a primary reactor a primary reactant stream comprising acetic acid, ethylene and molecular oxygen in the presence of a first catalyst to form a primary reactor effluent comprising vinyl acetate, ethylene, oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, and acetic acid;introducing the primary reactor effluent to a predehydrating column;obtaining a secondary reactant stream from the predehydrating column having a different composition than the primary reactor effluent;contacting in a secondary reactor the secondary reactant stream in the presence of a second catalyst to form a secondary reactor effluent that is fed to the predehydrating column;withdrawing an overhead comprising vinyl acetate from the predehydrating column; andrecovering a vinyl acetate product from the overhead.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the secondary reactant stream is obtained from a vapor sidedraw from the predehydrating column.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the secondary reactant stream is obtained from a liquid stream from the predehydrating column.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the secondary reactant stream comprises less vinyl acetate claim 1 , based on weight claim 1 , than the primary reactor effluent.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst and the second catalyst each comprise palladium claim 1 , gold claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the secondary reactor effluent is cooled prior to be fed to the predehydrating column.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the secondary reactor effluent comprises vinyl acetate claim 1 , ethylene claim 1 , oxygen claim 1 , water claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , and acetic ...

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Номер записи: 38
20-03-2014 дата публикации

Process for pre-treatment of a catalyst support and catalyst prepared therefrom

Номер: US20140081040A1
Автор: Daniel T. Shay, Sallie J. Lee
Принадлежит: Lyondell Chemical Technology LP

Methods of forming noble metal catalysts, noble metal catalysts formed therefrom and process for using noble metal catalysts are described herein. The methods generally include contacting a support material with a pre-treatment agent including a dilute basic solution of an alkali or alkaline earth metal to form a contacted support; drying the contacted support to form a pre-treated support; and impregnating the pre-treated support with at least one noble metal to form the noble metal catalyst.

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Номер записи: 39
20-03-2014 дата публикации

COPPER-PROMOTED SHELL CATALYST FOR PRODUCING ALKENYL CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS

Номер: US20140081041A1
Автор: Bobka Roman, FISCHER Carolin, MESTL Gerhard, SCHECK Peter, Schoenfelder Martin
Принадлежит: CLARIANT INTERNATIONAL LTD.

A method for producing a shell catalyst which is suitable for the synthesis of alkenyl carboxylic acid esters, in particular for producing vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) from ethylene or allyl acetate monomer from propylene by means of oxy-acetylation. Also, a shell catalyst that can be obtained by the method according to the invention, as well as the use of the shell catalyst produced using the method for producing alkenyl carboxylic acid esters, in particular vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) and allyl acetate monomer. 1. A method for producing a shell catalyst , comprising the steps of:(a) applying an acetate compound to a support body; and(b) sequentially or simultaneously applying a Pd precursor compound and an Au precursor compound to the support body obtained after step (a);wherein in one of steps (a) and (b), a Cu and/or Sn precursor compound is additionally applied to the support body.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acetate compound is an alkali or alkaline earth acetate.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the Pd and/or Au and/or Cu and/or Sn precursor compound is a chlorine- or chloride-free precursor compound.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the application in step (a) is carried out by wet-chemical impregnation.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the wet-chemical impregnation is carried out by the pore-filling method.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the application to the support body in step (b) is carried out by spray impregnation of one solution or several solutions containing the precursor compounds.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the support bodies are swirled by a process gas during the spray impregnation.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein swirling of the support bodies is effected in a fluid bed or a fluidized bed.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step (c) of reducing the metal components of the precursor compounds is carried out after step (b).10. The method ...

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Номер записи: 40
07-01-2016 дата публикации

OXIDATION OF ALKANES TO ALCOHOLS

Номер: US20160002139A1
Автор: BISCHOF Steven M, HASHIGUCHI Brian G, KONNICK Michael M, PERIANA Roy A
Принадлежит: The Scripps Research Institute

The invention provides processes and materials for the efficient and cost-effective functionalization of alkanes, such as methane from natural gas, to provide esters, alcohols, and other compounds. The method can be used to produce liquid fuels such as methanol from a natural gas methane-containing feedstock. The soft oxidizing electrophile, a compound of a main group, post-transitional element such as Tl, Pb, Bi, and I, that reacts to activate the alkane C—H bond can be regenerated using inexpensive regenerants such as hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, halogens, nitric acid, etc. Main group compounds useful for carrying out this reaction includes haloacetate salts of metals having a pair of available oxidation states, such as Tl, Pb, Bi, and I. The inventors herein believe that a unifying feature of many of the MXn electrophiles useful in carrying out this reaction, such as Tl, Pb, and Bi species, is their isoelectronic configuration in the alkane-reactive oxidation state; the electrons having the configuration [Xe]4f145d10, with an empty 6s orbital. However, the iodine reagents have a different electronic configuration. 1. A process for oxidizing an alkane to an alkane oxygenate , comprisingcontacting the alkane and (i) a soft oxidizing electrophile comprising a main group element in oxidized form, or (ii) an oxidant and a reduced form of the soft oxidizing electrophile, in an acidic medium comprising an oxygen acid, to provide the alkane oxygenate and an electrophile reduction product; and optionally separating the alkane oxygenate and the electrophile reduction product.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the electrophile reduction product and an oxidizing regeneration reagent to regenerate the soft oxidizing electrophile.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the soft oxidizing electrophile comprises the element thallium claim 1 , lead claim 1 , antimony claim 1 , selenium claim 1 , tellurium claim 1 , or bismuth claim 1 , each in oxidized form.4. ( ...

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Номер записи: 41
03-01-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREPARING BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL) TEREPHTHALATE

Номер: US20190002388A1
Автор: HWANG Der-Ren, WANG Cheng-Ting, Wang Hsiao-Chan
Принадлежит: FAR EASTERN NEW CENTURY CORPORATION

A process for preparing bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, comprising a step of: subjecting ethylene oxide and terephthalic acid in a molar ratio of from 2:1 to 3:1 to a reaction at an elevated temperature in the presence of a solvent mixture containing water and a C-Chydrocarbon in a weight ratio of from 1:1 to 3:1. 1. A process for preparing bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate , comprising a step of:{'sub': 6', '8, 'subjecting ethylene oxide and terephthalic acid in a molar ratio of from 2:1 to 3:1 to a reaction at an elevated temperature in the presence of a solvent mixture containing water and a C-Chydrocarbon in a weight ratio of from 1:1 to 3:1.'}2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio is from 2.7:1 to 3:1.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the solvent mixture is in an amount from 3 to 10 mole based on 1 mole of terephthalic acid.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the C-Chydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of hexane claim 1 , heptane claim 1 , octane claim 1 , cyclohexane claim 1 , benzene claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , xylene claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the C-Chydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of cyclohexane claim 4 , toluene claim 4 , and a combination thereof.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is performed in the presence of a base.7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate claim 6 , potassium carbonate claim 6 , sodium hydroxide claim 6 , potassium hydroxide claim 6 , amine claim 6 , an organic ammonium salt claim 6 , an inorganic ammonium salt claim 6 , and combinations thereof.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the subjecting step is implemented by combining terephthalic acid with the solvent mixture to form a combination and adding ethylene oxide to the combination slowly at the elevated temperature.9. The process according to ...

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Номер записи: 42
08-01-2015 дата публикации

Pre-Gold-Plating PD-AU-Coated Shell Catalysts

Номер: US20150011386A1
Автор: Bobka Roman, FISCHER Carolin, HAGEMEYER Alfred, MESTL Gerhard, SCHECK Peter
Принадлежит: Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH

The present invention relates to a method for producing a shell catalyst that is suitable for producing vinyl acetate monomer (VAM). The present invention also relates to a shell catalyst that can be obtained by the method according to the invention as well as the use of the shell catalyst according to the invention for producing VAM. 1. Method for producing a shell catalyst , comprising the steps of:(a) subjecting a packed bed of a catalyst support body to a circulating movement;(b) bringing an atomized aqueous solution containing an Au-containing precursor compound into contact with the packed bed of the catalyst support body subjected to the circulating movement by spraying on of the solution;(c) bringing an atomized aqueous solution containing a Pd-containing precursor compound with the catalyst support body produced after step (b); and(d) reducing the metal components of the precursor compounds to elemental metals by subjecting the catalyst support body obtained in step (c) to a temperature treatment in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , during the bringing into contact in step (c) claim 1 , the solution is sprayed onto a packed bed of the catalyst support body subjected to a circulating movement.3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature treatment is carried out within a range of from 60° C. to 500° C.4. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the circulating movement of the catalyst support bodies is carried out with a process gas.5. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the circulating movement of the catalyst support bodies takes place in a fluid bed or a fluidized bed.6. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the weight of the solution sprayed on in step (b) or (c) to the weight of the packed bed of the support body lies in the range of from 0.005 to 0.1.7. Method according to claim 1 , wherein in step (c) an Au-containing precursor compound is applied to the catalyst support body.8. Method ...

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Номер записи: 43
11-01-2018 дата публикации

RECLAMATION OF NOBLE PRODUCTS IN A METHOD FOR PRODUCING (METH)ACRYLIC ESTER

Номер: US20180009736A1
Автор: CABON Yves, DUBUT Fanny, RIFLADE Benoit
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method for producing a (meth)acrylic ester with improved productivity, by transesterfication of a light alkyl (meth)acrylate with a heavy alcohol. The method of the invention includes the recycling of noble products recovered after the thermal treatment of heavy fractions generated during the synthesis, said thermal treatment being carried out in the presence of a dialkyl phthalate, the alkyl chain of which corresponds to that of the light alkyl (meth)acrylate. The invention applies to the production of N,N-dimethyaminoethyl acrylate from ethyl acrylate. 1. A process for recovering unreacted reagents and (meth)acrylic ester products from a heavy (meth)acrylic fraction generated during production of a (meth)acrylic ester by transesterification reaction of a light C-Calkyl (meth)acrylate with a heavy alcohol in the presence of a catalyst , the heavy fraction comprising at least unreacted reagents and (meth)acrylic ester products and Michael adducts resulting from addition reactions on the (meth)acrylic double bonds and also the catalyst , said process comprising heat treating said heavy fraction at a temperature sufficient to crack the Michael adducts into their constituent components , recovering unreacted reagents and (meth)acrylic ester products in the form of a distillate , and eliminating fluid final residue by means of a pump , wherein the heat treatment is carried out in the presence of at least one dialkyl phthalate , the alkyl chain of which corresponds to that of the light alkyl (meth)acrylate.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light alkyl (meth)acrylate is methyl acrylate and the dialkyl phthalate is dimethyl phthalate.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light alkyl (meth)acrylate is ethyl acrylate and the dialkyl phthalate is diethyl phthalate.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light alkyl (meth)acrylate is butyl acrylate and the dialkyl phthalate is dibutyl phthalate.5. The process ...

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Номер записи: 44
14-01-2021 дата публикации

Menaquinol Compositions and Methods of Treatment

Номер: US20210009494A1
Автор: Drouet Keith E., Rudey John M., Tumlin James A.
Принадлежит: Epizon Pharma, Inc.

The present application discloses methods for the efficient preparation of high purity compounds of the Formula I, and their methods of use. 146.-. (canceled)48. The method of claim 47 , wherein the method comprises administering the menaquinol compound of the Formula I claim 47 , wherein:m is 7, 8, 9 or 10;{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 15;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 16;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 17;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 18;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 20;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 21;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 22;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 23;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 24;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 25;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 26;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 27; and'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 28.'}54. The method of claim 47 , wherein the mammal has distal calciphylaxis and/or central calciphylaxis.55. The method of claim 47 , wherein the mammal has diabetes claim 47 , chronic kidney disease or end stage renal disease.57. The method of claim 56 , wherein the method comprises administering the menaquinol compound of the Formula I claim 56 , wherein:m is 7, 8, 9 or 10;{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 15;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 16;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 17;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 18;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 20;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 21;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 22;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 23;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 24;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 25;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 26;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 27; and'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 28.'}63. The method of claim 56 , ...

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Номер записи: 45
09-01-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF BIMATOPROST

Номер: US20200010406A1
Автор: NEBOT TROYANO Joaquín, RIPOLL ALTADILL Jordi, SILVA GUISASOLA Luis Octavio
Принадлежит:

It is provided a process for the preparation of bimatoprost, which comprises: a) reacting a compound of formula (III) with ethylamine in the presence of a suitable solvent; and b) deprotecting compound obtained in step a) to obtain bimatoprost, wherein Ris selected from (C-C)alkyl, (CC)haloalkyl, (C-C)alkenyl, (C-C)haloalkenyl, (C-C)alkoxy(C-C)alkyl, aryl, (C-C)alkylaryl, allyl, —(CH—CH—O)—CHwherein n=1, 2, 3 or 4, and —CH(O—CH—CH); Ris selected from H, (C-C)alkyl, (C-C)haloalkyl, (C-C)alkenyl, (C-C)haloalkenyl, (C-C)alkoxy(CrC)alkyl, aryl, (C-C)alkylaryl, allyl; or, alternatively, Rand Rtaken together are selected from —CH—CH—CH—, —CH—CH—, —O—CH—CH—, and —O—CH═CH—. There are also provided intermediates useful in such preparation process. 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein Ris a (C-C)alkyl and Ris H.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein Ris selected from ethyl and n-butyl and Ris H.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rtaken together are selected from the group consisting of —CH—CH—CH— claim 1 , —CH—CH— claim 1 , —O—CH—CH— claim 1 , and —O—CH═CH—.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein Rand Rtaken together are —CH—CH—CH—.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein step a) is carried out at a temperature from 0 to 100° C.9. The compound according to claim 8 , wherein Ris a (C-C)alkyl and Ris H; or claim 8 , alternatively claim 8 , Rand Rtaken together are selected from the group consisting of —CH—CH—CH— claim 8 , —CH—CH— claim 8 , —O—CH—CH— claim 8 , and —O—CH═CH—.10. The compound according to claim 9 , wherein Ris selected from ethyl and n-butyl and Ris H; or claim 9 , alternatively claim 9 , Rand Rtogether are —CH—CH—CH—.13. The compound according to claim 12 , wherein Ris a (C-C)alkyl and Ris H; or claim 12 , alternatively claim 12 , Rand Rtogether are selected from the group consisting of —CH—CH— claim 12 , —O—CH—CH— claim 12 , and —O—CH═CH—.14. The compound according to claim 13 , wherein Ris selected from ethyl and n- ...

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Номер записи: 46
17-01-2019 дата публикации

COMPOSITION CONTAINING EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID ALKYL ESTER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20190015375A1
Автор: Arato Shingo, Doisaki Nobushige, FUKAE Takuro
Принадлежит:

Provided are: a composition containing 96-99 area % of eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester, the composition having an arachidonic acid alkyl ester content of 0.7 area % or less, and an eicosapentaenoic-acid-alkyl-ester mono-trans isomer content of 2.5 area % or less; and a method for producing a composition containing a high concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester, the method including performing precision distillation on a composition containing eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester, obtained by alkyl esterification of a raw material oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid, under a vacuum of 0.2 Torr or lower and a temperature of 190° C. or lower in the entire column, and performing a concentration treatment on the precision-distilled composition using chromatography. 1. An eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester-containing composition which , upon measurement by gas chromatography , comprises 96 to 99 area % of an eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester , wherein the composition satisfies at least one of the following (i)-(iii):(i) the content of a n-nonadecanoic acid (C19:0) alkyl ester is 0.1 area % or less,(ii) the content of an arachidic acid (C20:0) alkyl ester is 0.2 area % or less, and(iii) the content of an icosa-5,9,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3(5,9,11,14,17)) alkyl ester is 0.2 area % or less.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of mono-trans forms of the eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester is 2.5 area % or less.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sum of the contents of mono-trans forms and di-trans forms of the eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester is 2.5 area % or less.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sum of the contents of mono-trans forms claim 1 , di-trans forms and tri-trans forms of the eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester is 2.5 area % or less.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sum of the contents of mono-trans forms claim 1 , di-trans forms claim 1 , tri-trans forms and tetra-trans forms of the eicosapentaenoic acid ...

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Номер записи: 47
15-01-2015 дата публикации

Solid Acid Catalyst, Method of Manufacturing the Same and Method of Manufacturing Fatty Acid Alkyl Ester Using the Same

Номер: US20150018572A1
Автор: Oh Shosei
Принадлежит:

The purpose of the present invention is to solve various problems with fatty acid alkyl ester methods using conventional homogenous-phase catalysts, and to provide a solid acid catalyst for fatty acid alkyl ester manufacturing that can be used to manufacture high-quality fatty acid alkyl esters and high-purity glycerin from various oils at low cost and with high yield. The present invention is a solid acid catalyst produced by supporting an oxide (B) of a metal element of at least one type selected from group VIb on the periodic table as the primary active constituent, an oxide or a sulfide (C) of a metal element of at least one type selected from the group consisting of manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), gallium (Ga), and tin (Sn) as a promoter, and an oxide (D) of a non-metal element of at least one type selected from the group consisting of boron (B) and silicon (Si) as a catalyst stabilizer, on an inorganic porous carrier (A) such as silica, alumina, titania, magnesia, and zirconia, and applying heat treatment at 400-750° C. 1. A solid acid catalyst for manufacturing a fatty acid alkyl ester produced by supporting , on at least one inorganic porous carrier (A) selected from the group consisting of silica , alumina , titania , magnesia and zirconia: an oxide (B) of at least one metallic element selected from the VIb group of the periodic table; an oxide or sulfate (C) of at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of manganese (Mn) , iron (Fe) , cobalt (Co) , nickel (Ni) , copper (Cu) , zinc (Zn) , gallium (Ga) and tin (Sn); and an oxide (D) of at least one nonmetallic element selected from boron (B) and silicon (Si).2. The solid acid catalyst for manufacturing a fatty acid alkyl ester recited in claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , with respect to the inorganic porous carrier (A) claim 1 , the amounts of the metal oxide (B) claim 1 , the metal oxide or sulfate (C) and the nonmetal oxide (D) ...

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Номер записи: 48
21-01-2021 дата публикации

HIGHLY DISPERSED ULTRA-SMALL SIZE CARBON-SUPPORTED NOBLE METAL CATALYST AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20210016253A1
Автор: Gao Saisai, Wang Bin, Yang Shengchun
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a highly dispersed ultra-small size carbon-supported noble metal catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises: Step S, mixing a carbon material with a hydrogenated borophene dispersion, wherein in a mixed solution, a mass ratio of the carbon material to the hydrogenated borophene is 1:0.01-1, and then dispersing the activated carbon in the mixed solution sufficiently and uniformly to obtain a uniform carbon material-supported hydrogenated borophene dispersion; Step S, adding an aqueous solution of a noble metal precursor to the uniform carbon material-supported hydrogenated borophene dispersion according to a mass ratio of the carbon material to the noble metal of 1:0.001-0.5, and fully stirring to obtain a suspension; and Step S, filtering the suspension, and after treatment, to obtain the highly dispersed ultra-small size carbon-supported noble metal catalyst. 19-. (canceled)10. A method for preparing a highly dispersed ultra-small size carbon-supported noble metal catalyst , characterized in , the method comprising:{'b': '1', 'Step S: mixing a carbon material with a hydrogenated borophene dispersion, wherein, in a mixed solution, a mass ratio of the carbon material to the hydrogenated borophene is 1:0.01-1; then dispersing the activated carbon in the mixed solution sufficiently and uniformly to obtain a uniform carbon material-supported hydrogenated borophene dispersion;'}{'b': '2', 'Step S: adding an aqueous solution of a noble metal precursor to the uniform carbon material-supported hydrogenated borophene dispersion according to a mass ratio of the carbon material to the noble metal of 1:0.001-0.5, and fully stirring to obtain a suspension of an ultra-small size carbon material-supported noble metal particle catalyst;'}{'b': '3', 'Step S: filtering the suspension to obtain a catalyst powder, and then thoroughly washing the catalyst powder to remove soluble impurities, and finally filtering and drying the ...

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Номер записи: 49
28-01-2016 дата публикации

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF ESTER COMPOUND

Номер: US20160023984A1
Автор: Miki Daisuke, MORITA Mitsunobu, NOGUCHI Soh
Принадлежит:

A manufacturing method of an ester compound includes reacting, in a nonpolar solvent, a compound including, in one molecule of the compound, an ester structure and an alcoholic hydroxyl group with a compound that abstracts a proton from the alcoholic hydroxyl group. 1. A manufacturing method of an ester compound , comprising:reacting, in a nonpolar solvent, a compound including, in one molecule of the compound, an ester structure and an alcoholic hydroxyl group with a compound that abstracts a proton from the alcoholic hydroxyl group.2. The manufacturing method of the ester compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound including claim 1 , in one molecule of the compound claim 1 , the ester structure and the alcoholic hydroxyl group is expressed by a general formula 1-1 or a general formula 1-2 claim 1 ,{'br': None, 'C(OH)r(R2)q[X—O—C(═O)—R1]p<\u2003\u2003General formula 1-1>'}{'br': None, 'C(OH)r(R2)q[X—C(═O)—O—R1]p<\u2003\u2003General formula 1-2>'}wherein, with respect to the general formulas 1-1 and 1-2, X represents a straight chain or a branched chain alkylene group, R1 represents an alkyl group, a vinyl group that may be replaced with an alkyl group, or an allyl group that may be replaced with an alkyl group, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, p represents an integer of 1 to 3, q represents an integer of 0 to 2, r represents an integer of 1 to 3, and p+q+r=4.3. The manufacturing method of the ester compound of claim 1 , wherein the alcoholic hydroxyl group is a secondary alcohol.4. The manufacturing method of the ester compound of claim 1 , wherein the ester structure is an acrylic acid ester or a methacrylic acid ester.6. The manufacturing method of the ester compound of claim 1 , wherein the nonpolar solvent is a hydrocarbon based solvent.7. The manufacturing method of the ester compound of claim 6 , wherein the hydrocarbon based solvent is hexane.8. The manufacturing method of the ester compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound that abstracts ...

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Номер записи: 50
28-01-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 2-PROPYLHEPTYL ACRYLATE BY TRANSESTERIFICATION

Номер: US20160023985A1
Автор: GRAIRE Coralie, RIONDEL Alain F.
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to the industrial production of highly pure 2-propylheptyl acrylate with a high yield according to a process by transesterification, preferably in semi-continuous mode. The process according to the invention uses ethyl titanate in solution in 2-propylheptanol or 2-propylheptyl titanate as tranesterification catalyst, and implements a purification sequence comprising a single distillation column and a film evaporator. 1. A process for the production of 2 propylheptyl acrylate by a transesterification reaction between light alkyl acrylate and 2 propylheptanol in the presence of alkyl titanate catalyst and at least one polymerization inhibitor , an azeotropic mixture comprising light alkyl acrylate and light alcohol generated by the transesterification reaction being continuously withdrawn during the reaction and the reaction mixture being subjected to purification to obtain a 2 propylheptyl acrylate of high purity , wherein the process comprises the following steps:the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ethyl titanate in solution in 2-propylheptanol and 2 propylheptyl titanate; at top, a stream comprising unreacted light alkyl acrylate with traces of 2 propylheptanol, and', 'at bottom, a stream comprising 2 propylheptyl acrylate, with catalyst, polymerization inhibitor(s) and heavy reaction byproducts, and traces of light compounds; then, 'sending to a distillation column (C1) under reduced pressure, a crude reaction mixture comprising 2 propylheptyl acrylate with, as light products, unreacted light alkyl acrylate and traces of 2 propylheptanol and, as heavy products, catalyst, polymerization inhibitor(s) and heavy reaction byproducts, and carrying out a distillation in said column (C1), to obtain at top, purified 2-propylheptyl acrylate; and', 'at bottom, catalyst, polymerization inhibitor(s) and heavy reaction byproducts., 'sending the bottom stream from the distillation column (C1) to a film evaporator (E) under reduced pressure ...

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Номер записи: 51
25-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PREPARING SUBSTITUTED ALKYL CYCLOALKANONES

Номер: US20180022683A1
Автор: ECKELT Reinhard, ESSER Peter, HANAN Atia, KOCH Oskar, Koeckritz Angela, Panten Johannes
Принадлежит: SYMRISE AG

The present invention relates to a method for producing a substituted alkyl cycloalkanone of formula (I), having the alkylation of a cycloalkanone of formula (II) with an alkene derivative of formula (III) in the presence of a metal oxide, where n is 2 to 20, m is 0 to 10, and R is a functional group. 3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where n is 3 to 15 and m is 0 to 5.4. The method as claimed in wherein the metal oxide is selected from the group of copper oxides claim 1 , iron oxides claim 1 , manganese oxides claim 1 , indium oxides claim 1 , cobalt oxides claim 1 , silver oxides and mixtures thereof.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is selected from AgO claim 1 , CuO claim 1 , FeO claim 1 , FeO claim 1 , CuFeO claim 1 , CoO claim 1 , CoO claim 1 , MnO claim 1 , InOand mixtures thereof.6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is selected from the group of copper oxides claim 1 , iron oxides claim 1 , manganese oxides claim 1 , indium oxides claim 1 , cobalt oxides and mixtures thereof.7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is selected from CuO claim 1 , FeO claim 1 , FeO claim 1 , CuFeO claim 1 , CoO claim 1 , CoO claim 1 , MnO claim 1 , InOand mixtures thereof.8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the alkylation is conducted at a temperature in the range of 100 to 250° C. claim 1 , preferably in the range of 150 to 220° C. and particularly preferably in the range of 160 to 190° C.9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of cycloalkanone of the formula II to alkene derivative of the formula III is between 1:1 to 10:1 and preferably between 2:1 and 8:1.10. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reduced metal oxide is reoxidized by an oxygen-containing gas.11. The method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the oxygen-containing gas comprises at least 0.1 vol % oxygen claim 10 , based on the total volume of oxygen-containing gas claim 10 , determined at 20° C ...

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Номер записи: 52
25-01-2018 дата публикации

COMPOUND, AND SEPARATION METHOD, SYNTHESIS METHOD AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20180022688A1
Автор: Duan Zhenwen, Guo Shuren, Li Xuemei
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to new compounds as well as a separation method, a synthetic method and use thereof. It is demonstrated by an assay on activity that the compound has an activity of inhibiting an HMG-CoA reductase. In addition, the invention also relates to a derivative of the compound. 2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,{'sub': 1', '1', '3', '1', '3', '2', '1-3', '3', '6', '3', '6', '1', '3', '1', '3', '1', '3', '1', '3, 'Ris selected from H, C-Calkyl, halo C-Calkyl, (CH)OH, C-Ccycloalkyl, halo C-Ccycloalkyl, C-Calkoxy, halo C-Calkoxy, C-Calkylthio, halo C-Calkylthio, halogen, nitro, amino and cyano.'}3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,{'sub': 1', '1', '3', '1', '3', '2', '1-3, 'Ris selected from H, C-Calkyl, halo C-Calkyl, (CH)OH, halogen, nitro, amino and cyano.'}4. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein{'sub': 1', '1', '3', '2', '1-3, 'Ris selected from H, C-Calkyl, and (CH)OH.'}5. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein{'sub': 2', '1', '3', '1', '3', '2', '1-3', '6', '3', '6', '3', '6', '1', '3', '1', '3', '1', '3', '1', '3, 'Ris selected from H, C-Calkyl, halo C-Calkyl, (CH)OR, C-Ccycloalkyl, halo C-Ccycloalkyl, C-Calkoxy, halo C-Calkoxy, C-Calkylthio, halo C-Calkylthio, halogen, nitro, amino and cyano;'}{'sub': 6', '7', '2', '8', '9', '10', '11, 'wherein, Ris selected from H, —COR, —SOR, and —SiRRR;'}{'sub': 7', '1', '6', '1', '6', '8', '1', '6', '1', '6', '6', '10', '6', '10', '9', '10', '11', '1', '6, 'wherein, Ris selected from C-Calkyl, and halo C-Calkyl; Ris selected from C-Calkyl, optionally substituted C-Calkyl, C-Caryl, and optionally substituted C-Caryl; R, Rand Rare independently selected from C-Calkyl.'}6. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein{'sub': 2', '1', '3', '1', '3', '2', '1-3', '6', '3', '6', '3', '6', '1', '3', '1', '3', '1', '3', '1', '3, 'Ris selected from H, C-Calkyl, halo C-Calkyl, (CH)OR, C-Ccycloalkyl, halo C-Ccycloalkyl, C-Calkoxy, halo C-Calkoxy, C-Calkylthio, halo C- ...

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Номер записи: 53
10-02-2022 дата публикации

A process for preparation of amides and esters of 2-((2-hydroxypropanoyl)oxy)propanoic acid

Номер: US20220041542A1
Автор: OLEJNÍK Roman, RUZICKA Ale{hacek over (s)}
Принадлежит:

The present invention describes method of preparation of esters or amides of lactyl lactates of general formula I, where Z denotes to group of R—O or RR′—N and R represent alkyl, aryl or H from lactide and the lactide is in contact with a hydrocarbyl alcohol and a hydrolyzable halide in a non-chlorinated organic solvent, or an amine initiated by a hydrolysable halide or hydrogen halide solution or an ammonium hydrohalide, wherein the hydrocarbyl alcohol or amine is either aliphatic or aromatic and containing 1 to 1000 carbon atoms, preferably 1 up to 150 carbon atoms, and optionally one or more, preferably 1 to 5, —CH— groups may be replaced by —O— groups. 2. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the hydrocarbyl alcohol contains 1 to 100 hydroxy groups claim 1 , preferably 1 to 10 hydroxyl groups and is selected from the group consisting of methanol claim 1 , 1-propanol claim 1 , 1-butanol claim 1 , 2-propanol claim 1 , 2-methyl-2-propanol claim 1 , 2-ethyl-1-hexanol claim 1 , phenol claim 1 , cyclohexanol claim 1 , trimethylolpropane oxetane claim 1 , trimethylolpropane diallyl ether.3. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the hydrocarbyl alcohol contains 1 to 100 hydroxy groups claim 1 , preferably 1 to 10 hydroxy groups and is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,5-pentanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,6-hexanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,10-decanediol claim 1 , 1-octadecanol claim 1 , oleyl alcohol claim 1 , 1-hexadecanol claim 1 , carbohydrates and polysaccharides claim 1 , poly(vinyl-alcohols) claim 1 , polyethylene glycols claim 1 , lignin claim 1 , fatty alcohols claim 1 , etc.4. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the amine is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic primary and secondary amines claim 1 , anilines and polyamines containing 1 to 500 amino groups claim 1 , preferably 1 to 10 amino groups.5. The process according to claim 1 , characterized ...

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Номер записи: 54
24-01-2019 дата публикации

Process for producing 1,3-butanediol and for optionally further producing (r)-3-hydroxybutyl (r)-3-hydroxybutyrate

Номер: US20190023632A1
Автор: Brennan Smith, Chi Cheng Ma, Kevin Martin, Paul Bloom
Принадлежит: Archer Daniels Midland Co

A process is described for producing 1,3-butanediol, wherein an ester of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate such as formed by transesterification with an alcohol is reduced by hydrogenation in the presence of a skeletal copper-based catalyst to provide 1,3-butanediol. The 1,3-butanediol may be transesterified by reaction with additional poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate ester to produce (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate.

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Номер записи: 55
28-01-2021 дата публикации

Zwitterionic catalysts for (trans)esterification: application in fluoroindole-derivatives and biodiesel synthesis

Номер: US20210023539A1
Автор: Fei Tan, Wing-Hin NG, Xinyan WANG, Ying-Lung Steve TSE, Ying-Pong LAM, Ying-Yeung YEUNG, Zhihai KE
Принадлежит: Chinese University of Hong Kong CUHK

An amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst has a catalyst pocket size that promotes transesterification and dehydrative esterification. The amide/iminium zwitterions are easily prepared by reacting aziridines with aminopyridines. The reaction can be applied a wide variety of esterification processes including the large-scale synthesis of biodiesel. The amide/iminium zwitterions allow the avoidance of strongly basic or acidic condition and avoidance of metal contamination in the products. Reactions are carried out at ambient or only modestly elevated temperatures. The amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst is easily recycled and reactions proceed in high to quantitative yields.

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Номер записи: 56
01-02-2018 дата публикации

FLEXIBLE CHEMICAL PRODUCTION PLATFORM

Номер: US20180029005A1
Автор: Sookraj Sadesh H.
Принадлежит: NOVOMER, INC.

Disclosed are integrated systems and methods for the conversion of epoxides to beta lactones and to multiple Cproducts and/or Cproducts. 1. A system for the production of Cand Cproducts , comprising:an epoxide source;a carbon monoxide (CO) source; an inlet configured to receive epoxide from the epoxide source and CO from the CO source,', 'a central reaction zone configured to convert at least some of the epoxide to a beta lactone, and', 'an outlet configured to provide an outlet stream comprising the beta lactone,, 'a central reactor, comprising [{'sub': '3', 'claim-text': an inlet configured to receive the outlet stream comprising beta lactone of the central reactor,', {'sub': 3', '3, 'a first Creaction zone configured to convert at least some of the beta lactone to a first Cproduct, and'}, {'sub': '3', 'an outlet configured to provide an outlet stream comprising the first Cproduct,'}], '(i) a first Creactor, comprising, {'sub': '3', 'claim-text': an inlet configured to receive the outlet stream comprising beta lactone of the central reactor,', {'sub': 3', '3, 'a second Creaction zone configured to convert at least some of the beta lactone to a second Cproduct, and'}, {'sub': '3', 'an outlet configured to provide an outlet stream comprising the second Cproduct, and'}], '(ii) a second Creactor, comprising, {'sub': '4', 'claim-text': an inlet configured to receive the outlet stream comprising beta lactone of the central reactor,', {'sub': 4', '4, 'a first Creaction zone configured to convert at least some of the beta lactone to a first Cproduct, and'}, {'sub': '4', 'an outlet configured to provide an outlet stream comprising the first Cproduct, and'}], '(iii) a first Creactor, comprising], 'two or more of (i)-(iii)a controller to independently modulate production of the beta lactone and each of the products,{'sub': 3', '3, 'provided that the first Cproduct differs from the second Cproduct.'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the epoxide is ethylene oxide (EO) and the ...

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Номер записи: 57
04-02-2016 дата публикации

METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF OCTANEDIOIC ACID, PRECURSORS, AND DERIVATIVES

Номер: US20160031790A1
Автор: Molitor Erich J., MULLEN Brian D.
Принадлежит:

A method for the manufacture of 1,8-octanedioic acid comprises: reacting gamma-valerolactone with an alcohol in the presence of an acid or a base catalyst to provide an alkyl pentenoate, converting the alkyl pentenoate in the presence of a metathesis initiator to provide the dialkyl octenedioate, reacting the dialkyl octenedioate with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to provide a dialkyl 1,8-octanedioate and hydrolyzing the dialkyl 1,8-octanedioate to provide the 1,8-octanedioic acid. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis initiator is a transition metal carbene metathesis initiator claim 1 , a transition metal salt in combination with an alkylating agent claim 1 , and a transition metal complex capable of forming an active metal carbene by reaction with an olefin.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein converting the alkyl pentenoate having the formula (4) to the dialkyl octenedioate having the formula (1) comprises conducting the metathesis at a temperature of about −20° C. to about 600° C. and a pressure of about 0 to about 2000 psig.2132.-. (canceled) This application claims the priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/790,826, filed on Mar. 15, 2013, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.This disclosure relates to a method for the manufacture of octanedioic acid, its precursors, and the derivatives of octanedioic acid and its precursors. These compounds can be used directly, or as intermediates to produce other derivatives.A method for the manufacture of a dialkyl octenedioate having the formula (1)wherein R is a Calkyl, preferably a Calkyl, comprises: reacting gamma-valerolactone having the formula (2)with an alcohol having the formula (3) R—OH (3) in the presence of an acid or a base catalyst to provide an alkyl pentenoate having the formula (4)and converting the alkyl pentenoate having the formula (4) in the presence of a metathesis initiator to provide the dialkyl ...

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Номер записи: 58
29-01-2015 дата публикации

Post-Gilding of PD-AU-Coated Shell Catalysts

Номер: US20150031911A1
Автор: Bobka Roman, FISCHER Carolin, HAGEMEYER Alfred, MESTL Gerhard, SCHECK Peter
Принадлежит: Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH

The invention relates to a method for producing a shell catalyst that is suitable for producing vinyl acetate monomer (VAM). The invention further relates to a shell catalyst that is obtainable by the method according to the invention and to the use of the shell catalyst according to the invention for producing VAM. 1. A process for producing an eggshell catalyst , comprising the steps of:(a) subjecting a bed of a catalyst support body to a circulating motion;(b) contacting an atomized aqueous solution comprising a Pd-containing precursor compound and an Au-containing precursor compound with the bed of the catalyst support body subjected to the circulating motion by spraying, or contacting an atomized aqueous solution comprising a Pd-containing precursor compound and an atomized aqueous solution comprising an Au-containing precursor compound with the bed of the catalyst support body subjected to the circulating motion by spraying;(c) contacting an atomized aqueous solution comprising an Au-containing precursor compound with the catalyst support body obtained after step (b); and(d) metal reduction by subjecting the catalyst support body obtained in step (c) to a thermal treatment in a nonoxidizing atmosphere.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the contacting in step (c) includes spraying the solution onto a bed of the catalyst support body subjected to a circulating motion.3. The process as claimed in wherein the thermal treatment is conducted within a range from 40° C. to 500° C.4. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the circulating motions are conducted with the aid of a process gas.5. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the circulating motions take place in a moving bed or fluidized bed.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the weight of the solution sprayed on in step (b) or (c) to the weight of the bed of the catalyst support body is within the range from 0.005 to 0.1.7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 59
02-02-2017 дата публикации

NOVEL ORGANOLEPTIC COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20170029740A1
Автор: BELKO Robert P., Jones Paul D., Jr. Anthony T., LEVORSE
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a novel compound and its use as a fragrance material. 1. A compound , 3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,6-pentamethylheptan-2-yl acetate.2. A fragrance formulation containing an olfactory acceptable amount of 3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,6-pentamethylheptan-2-yl acetate.3. The fragrance formulation of claim 2 , wherein the olfactory acceptable amount is from about 0.005 to about 50 weight percent of the fragrance formulation.4. The fragrance formulation of claim 2 , wherein the olfactory acceptable amount is from about 0.5 to about 25 weight percent of the fragrance formulation.5. The fragrance formulation of claim 2 , wherein the olfactory acceptable amount is from about 1 to about 10 weight percent of the fragrance formulation.6. The fragrance formulation of further comprising a material selected from the group consisting of a polymer claim 2 , an oligomer and a non-polymer.7. The fragrance formulation of claim 6 , wherein the non-polymer is selected from the group consisting of a surfactant claim 6 , an emulsifier claim 6 , a fat claim 6 , a wax claim 6 , a phospholipid claim 6 , an organic oil claim 6 , a mineral oil claim 6 , a petrolatum claim 6 , a natural oil claim 6 , a perfume fixative claim 6 , a fiber claim 6 , a starch claim 6 , a sugar and a solid surface material.8. The fragrance formulation of claim 7 , wherein the solid surface material is selected from the group consisting of zeolite and silica.9. A method of improving claim 7 , enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of 3 claim 7 ,4 claim 7 ,5 claim 7 ,6 claim 7 ,6-pentamethylheptan-2-yl acetate.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the olfactory acceptable amount is from about 0.005 to about 50 weight percent of the fragrance formulation.11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the olfactory acceptable amount is from about 0.5 to about 25 weight percent of the fragrance formulation.12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the olfactory acceptable amount ...

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Номер записи: 60
31-01-2019 дата публикации

Plant Extract Compositions for Forming Protective Coatings

Номер: US20190031590A1
Автор: Bakus, II Ronald C., Mol Camille, Perez Louis, Rodriguez Gabriel, Rogers James
Принадлежит:

Described herein are methods of preparing cutin-derived monomers, oligomers, or combinations thereof from cutin-containing plant matter. The methods can include heating the cutin-derived plant matter in a solvent at elevated temperature and pressure. In some preferred embodiments, the methods can be carried out without the use of additional acidic or basic species. 3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding the cutin to a solvent claim 1 , wherein the decomposing of the cutin is carried out in the solvent.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent is a nucleophilic solvent.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent comprises water claim 3 , glycerol claim 3 , methanol claim 3 , ethanol claim 3 , liquid CO claim 3 , supercritical CO claim 3 , or a combination thereof.11. The method of claim 9 , further comprising adding the cutin to a solvent claim 9 , wherein the depolymerizing of the cutin is carried out in the solvent.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the solvent is a nucleophilic solvent.13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the solvent comprises water claim 11 , glycerol claim 11 , methanol claim 11 , ethanol claim 11 , liquid CO claim 11 , supercritical CO claim 11 , or a combination thereof.14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the decomposing of the compounds of Formula I is also carried out in the solvent.15. The method of claim 9 , further comprising modifying the compounds of Formula II claim 9 , esters thereof claim 9 , or compounds of Formula III to form a second group of compounds of Formula I.19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising adding the cutin to a solvent claim 18 , wherein the decomposing of the cutin is carried out in the solvent.20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the solvent is a nucleophilic solvent.21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the solvent comprises water claim 19 , glycerol claim 19 , methanol claim 19 , ethanol claim 19 , liquid CO claim 19 , supercritical CO claim 19 , or a combination thereof.25. The ...

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Номер записи: 61
31-01-2019 дата публикации

Purified Plasticizers, Production and Use

Номер: US20190031593A1
Автор: Sangar Neera, Shiramizu Mika L., Weber Jörg F.W., Zushma Stephen
Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to methods for producing purified aromatic esters useful as plasticizers, to the purified aromatic esters, and to polymer compositions containing the purified esters. The purified aromatic esters can be produced by esterifying carboxylic acid with methyl or ethyl alcohol, separating the resulting methyl or ethyl esters from the carboxylic acid and any byproduct impurities, and then transesterifying the methyl or ethyl esters with Cto Calcohol to produce the purified aromatic esters. Additionally, precipitation, filtration, and wash steps can be employed to purify the carboxylic acid, the methyl or ethyl alcohol, and/or the aromatic esters. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the purified aromatic ester product comprises ≥99.0 wt % aromatic ester based on the weight of the purified aromatic ester product3. The method of claim 1 , wherein R1 is a methyl group and R2 is hydrogen.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cooling the first mixture to form a precipitate claim 1 , filtering and washing the precipitate with water and/or a solvent to remove at least a portion of byproduct impurities prior to esterifying the carboxylic acid with methyl or ethyl alcohol in step iii).5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acids in step iii) are esterified with methyl alcohol.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the separation performed in step iv) is by distillation claim 1 , packed column claim 1 , and/or vacuum distillation.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the purified aromatic ester product primarily comprises methyl biphenyl carboxylic acid esters of Cto Calcohols.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the purified aromatic ester product primarily comprises methyl biphenyl carboxylic acid esters of Cto COXO-alcohols.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the purified aromatic ester product comprises ≥99.0 wt % methylbiphenyl carboxylic acid esters of Cto Calcohol based on the weight of the purified aromatic ester product.11. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 62
04-02-2021 дата публикации

COMPOSITION CONTAINING EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID ALKYL ESTER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20210030707A1
Автор: Arato Shingo, Doisaki Nobushige, FUKAE Takuro
Принадлежит:

Provided are: a composition containing 96-99 area % of eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester, the composition having an arachidonic acid alkyl ester content of 0.7 area % or less, and an eicosapentaenoic-acid-alkyl-ester mono-trans isomer content of 2.5 area % or less; and a method for producing a composition containing a high concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester, the method including performing precision distillation on a composition containing eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester, obtained by alkyl esterification of a raw material oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid, under a vacuum of 0.2 Torr or lower and a temperature of 190° C. or lower in the entire column, and performing a concentration treatment on the precision-distilled composition using chromatography. 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of an arachidonic acid alkyl ester is 0.7 area % or less.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of the arachidonic acid alkyl ester is 0.1 area % or less.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of an eicosatetraenoic acid alkyl ester is 0.7 area % or less.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of an octadecatetraenoic acid alkyl ester is 0.4 area % or less.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of a nonadecapentaenoic acid alkyl ester is 0.2 area % or less.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester is ethyl eicosapentaenoate or methyl eicosapentaenoate.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of a n-nonadecanoic acid (C19:0) alkyl ester is 0.1 area % or less.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of an arachidic acid (C20:0) alkyl ester is 0.2 area % or less.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of alkyl esters of saturated fatty acids is 0.5 area % or less.11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of an icosa-5 claim 1 ,9 claim 1 ,11 claim 1 ,14 claim 1 ,17-pentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3(5 claim 1 ,9 claim 1 ,11 claim ...

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Номер записи: 63
11-02-2016 дата публикации

NOx STORAGE REDUCTION CATALYST AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20160038918A1
Автор: AKASHI Kazutoshi, SHIRAKAWA Shogo
Принадлежит:

An NOx storage reduction catalyst includes a catalyst support, and a catalyst metal and an NOx storage material supported thereon, wherein the catalyst metal is composed of a platinum-gold solid solution, and has a gold content of greater than 1 mol % but 20 mol % or less relative to the total molar number of platinum and gold contained in the catalyst metal. A method for producing an NOx storage reduction catalyst includes adding sodium borohydride to a mixed solution containing platinum ions and gold ions, thereby reducing the platinum ions and the gold ions to produce a catalyst metal composed of a platinum-gold solid solution; purifying the catalyst metal; and supporting the catalyst metal and an NOx storage material on a catalyst support. 1. An NOx storage reduction catalyst comprising a catalyst support , and a catalyst metal and an NOx storage material supported thereon , wherein said catalyst metal is composed of a platinum-gold solid solution , and has a gold content of greater than 1 mol % but 20 mol % or less relative to the total molar number of platinum and gold contained in said catalyst metal.2. The NOx storage reduction catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said catalyst metal has a gold content of 5 mol % or more but 10 mol % or less relative to the total molar number of platinum and gold contained in said catalyst metal.3. The NOx storage reduction catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said catalyst metal has an average primary particle diameter of greater than 0 nm but 10 nm or less.4. The NOx storage reduction catalyst as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said catalyst metal has an average primary particle diameter of greater than 0 nm but 5 nm or less.5. The NOx storage reduction catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein when said catalyst metal is analyzed using a scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (STEM-EDX) under condition in which the spot size of an electron beam is 1 nm or less claim ...

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Номер записи: 64
08-02-2018 дата публикации

Inhibitor Combination for Lithium Salt-Catalyzed Transesterification Process and Method for Removing Lithium Salt

Номер: US20180037531A1
Автор: Eddy Christopher R., Nguyen Lan T.P. Hoang, Osby John O., Wilczynski Robert
Принадлежит:

A process to form a composition comprising an asymmetrical polyene, the asymmetrical polyene comprising an “α,β unsaturated-carbonyl end” and a “C—C double bond end,” the process comprising: reacting an alkene- or polyene-containing alcohol with an alkyl ester of an α,β unsaturated carboxylic acid in the presence of at least the following components A) through C) to form a solution comprising an asymmetrical polyene: 2. The composition of comprising from 25 ppm to less than 100 ppm claim 1 , based on the weight of the composition claim 1 , of the inhibitor selected from the group consisting of 4-HT and derivatives thereof.3. The composition of comprising from 50 ppm to less than 2000 ppm claim 1 , based on the weight of the composition claim 1 , of MeHQ.4. The composition of further comprising less than 10 wt % unreacted alkene- or polyene-containing alcohol claim 1 , based on the total weight of the composition.5. The composition of comprising from 2 wt % to less than 10 wt % unreacted alkene- or polyene-containing alcohol claim 4 , based on the total weight of the composition claim 4 , wherein the unreacted alkene- or polyene-containing alcohol is polypropylene glycol allyl ether.6. The composition of further comprising less than 10 wt % of Michael adducts claim 1 , based on the total weight of the composition.7. The composition of further comprising a lithium salt.8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the lithium salt has the structure LiX claim 7 , wherein n is 1 or 2; and X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxide claim 7 , oxide claim 7 , halide claim 7 , carbonate claim 7 , bicarbonate claim 7 , alkoxide claim 7 , alkonate claim 7 , alkenoate claim 7 , phenoxide claim 7 , sulfate claim 7 , bisulfate claim 7 , sulfonate claim 7 , phosphate claim 7 , phosphonate claim 7 , perchlorate claim 7 , and nitrate.9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the lithium salt has the structure LiX claim 7 , wherein n is 1 or 2; and X is selected from the group ...

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Номер записи: 65
08-02-2018 дата публикации

RECOVERY PROCESS FOR FUNCTIONALIZED COMPOUND REACTION PRODUCT

Номер: US20180037532A1
Автор: Kouba Jay, Pietsch Stephen
Принадлежит: The Scripps Research Institute

Provided is a process for recovery of a functionalized compound reaction product comprising contacting (i) an oxidizing electrophile comprising a main group element, and (ii) a compound comprising at least one C—H bond, in an acidic medium to form a reaction milieu comprising a functionalized compound reaction product, contacting the reaction milieu with a water-immicible organic solvent, separating the water-immiscible organic solvent from the reaction milieu, wherein the functionalized compound reaction product is dissolved in the water-immiscible organic solvent, and separating the functionalized compound reaction product and the water-immiscible organic solvent. The water-immiscible extraction solvent can be the same compound as the compound comprising as least one C—H bond, for example, propane or n-butane. 1. A process for recovery of a functionalized compound reaction product comprisingcontacting (i) an oxidizing electrophile comprising a main group element, and (ii) a compound comprising at least one C—H bond, in an acidic medium to form a reaction milieu comprising a functionalized compound reaction product,contacting the reaction milieu with a water-immiscible organic solvent,separating the water-immiscible organic solvent from the reaction milieu, wherein the functionalized compound reaction product is dissolved in the water-immiscible organic solvent, andseparating the functionalized compound reaction product and the water-immiscible organic solvent.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the compound comprising at least one C—H bond is an alkane claim 1 , a heteroalkane claim 1 , or an arene claim 1 , wherein{'sup': '3', 'the heteroalkane comprises at least one sp-hybridized carbon atom bearing a hydrogen atom and at least one heteroatom other than a carbon or hydrogen atom, and'}{'sup': '2', 'the arene comprises at least one sp-hybridized carbon atom bearing a hydrogen.'}3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the compound comprising at least one C—H bond is ...

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Номер записи: 66
18-02-2021 дата публикации

CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION OF AMMONIUM SULFATE AND 2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPIONIC ACID

Номер: US20210046400A1
Автор: DUPLESSIX Aymeric, EDON Marjory, LESAFFRE Thibault, REDELSPERGER Laurine
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a process for the chromatographic purification of a starting stream containing ammonium sulfate and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acid, comprising: 1. A process for the chromatographic purification of a starting stream containing ammonium sulfate and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acid , comprising:passing said starting stream through a bed of stationary phase;elution of a raffinate enriched in ammonium sulfate and depleted in 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acid; andelution of an extract enriched in 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acid and depleted in ammonium sulfate.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the purification is performed by ion-exclusion chromatography.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stationary phase is a cationic resin.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stationary phase consists of particles with a size Dv50 of between 200 and 350 μm.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stationary phase is pre-equilibrated with a solution containing ammonium ions.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the starting stream is at a pH of from 1 to 4 during its passage through the bed of stationary phase.7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an eluent is passed through the bed of stationary phase for elution of the raffinate and elution of the extract claim 1 , said eluent being demineralized water or acidified demineralized water claim 1 , at a pH of from 3 to 5 claim 1 , the acidified demineralized water having an acid content of from 0.0005 to 5 g/L.885. The process as claimed in claim 1 , which is performed at a temperature of from 20 to °.9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , performed on a multi-column chromatography system.1044. The process as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the chromatography system comprises a zone located between a raffinate collection line and an eluent injection line claim 9 , zone being traversed by a volume of mobile phase of between 0.3 and 0.55 BV.11. The ...

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Номер записи: 67
18-02-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR OXIDATIVE ESTERIFICATION OF ALDEHYDES TO CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS

Номер: US20210047259A1
Автор: AIT AISSA Belaid, KRILL Steffen, LYGIN Alexander, Zschunke Florian
Принадлежит: Roehm GmbH

The present invention relates to a novel process for performing a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction for oxidative esterification of aldehydes to give carboxylic esters. Against this background, it has been possible by the present process according to the invention to perform such processes for longer periods without disruption, with constant or even increased activities and selectivities. This gives rise to the possibility of performing such processes in a very simple, economically viable and environmentally benign manner. 1. A process , comprising: continuously performing a reaction for oxidative esterification of methacrolein with an alkyl alcohol and oxygen to produce an alkyl methacrylate in the presence of a gold catalyst in a reactor system comprising a reactor , the reactor comprising a gas feed and an offgas outlet , whereina. a molar ratio of the alkyl alcohol at a steady-state concentration to the methacrolein at a steady-state concentration in the reactor is less than 15:1,b. an oxygen concentration in a gas phase at the offgas outlet in the reactor is below an explosion limit of an exiting gas mixture or less than 7% by volume,c. a steady-state molar ratio of the alkyl alcohol to the methacrolein in the reactor to a steady-state molar ratio of substances in the gas feed is between 1.5 and 15, andd. a steady-state concentration of the methacrolein in the reactor is less than 21% by weight.2. The process according to claim 1 , whereina. the molar ratio of the alkyl alcohol at a steady-state concentration to the methacrolein at a steady-state concentration in the reactor is between 4:1 and less than 10:1,b. the oxygen concentration in the gas phase at the offgas outlet in the reactor is below the explosion limit of the exiting gas mixture or less than 4.5% by volume,c. the steady-state molar ratio of the alkyl alcohol to the methacrolein in the reactor to the steady-state molar ratio of the substances in the gas feed is between 1.8 and 15, andd. the steady ...

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Номер записи: 68
18-02-2021 дата публикации

Synthesis and purification of muconic acid ester from aldaric acid esters

Номер: US20210047260A1
Автор: Anneloes Berghuis, David Thomas, Juha Linnekoski, Martta Asikainen, Nicolaas Van Strien
Принадлежит: Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing muconic acid ester from aldaric acid ester, and for separating and purifying the produced muconic acid ester by high vacuum distillation in a total heating environment.

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Номер записи: 69
18-02-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREPARING (METH)ACRYLATES

Номер: US20160046556A1
Автор: GOTTMANN Klaus, HIRSH John, KARNBROCK Wilhelm, KERSCHER Volker, Klesse Wolfgang, Knebel Joachim, MERBACH Ralf, Protzmann Guido, Schmitt Gerold, TESSMER Dieter
Принадлежит: Evonik Roehm GmbH

Process for preparing (meth)acrylates of the formula (I) 1. A process for preparing a (meth)acrylate of formula (I){'br': None, 'sub': '2', 'sup': 1', '2, 'CH═C(R)—CO—O—R\u2003\u2003(I)'}{'sup': '1', 'wherein Ris hydrogen or methyl, and'}{'sup': '2', 'sub': 6', '14', '1', '8, 'Ris a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic or cyclic alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, or a (C-C)-aryl-(C-C)-alkyl radical,'}the process comprising {'br': None, 'sub': '2', 'sup': 1', '3, 'CH═C(R)—CO—OR\u2003\u2003(II)'}, 'reacting a (meth)acrylate of formula II'}{'sup': 1', '3, 'wherein Rand Rare each independently hydrogen or methyl,'} {'br': None, 'sup': '2', 'HO—R\u2003\u2003(III)'}, 'with an alcohol of formula (III)'}{'sup': '2', 'sub': 6', '14', '1', '8, 'wherein Ris a saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, or a (C-C)-aryl-(C-C)-alkyl radical,'}in the presence of an amount of a suitable catalyst which catalyses the reaction andin the presence of an amount of a phenolic polymerization inhibitor or a combination of two or more phenolic polymerization inhibitors which is sufficient to inhibit undesired polymerization, to form a reaction mixture,the reaction undertaken with introduction into the reaction mixture resulting from the reacting, of an amount of oxygen or of an oxygenous gas mixture sufficient to inhibit undesired polymerization,whereina specific total oxygen input is less than or equal to 1.0 l/kg, measured in liters of oxygen per kilogram of (meth)acrylate of formula (I), where the volume of oxygen introduced is calculated at a temperature of 25° C. and a pressure of 101,325 pascal,and wherein the reacting is performed continuously.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reacting of the alcohol of formula (III) to (meth)acrylate of formula (I) is carried out in a reaction vessel having a reactor volume of greater than or equal to 0.25 m.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 70
18-02-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF VINYL ACETATE

Номер: US20160046557A1
Автор: Guenaltay Mehmet, SCHULTHEISS Peter, Westermayer Heribert
Принадлежит: Wacker Chemie AG

A process for the preparation of vinyl acetate by a heterogeneously catalysed, continuous gas-phase reaction of ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen in a reactor, where process heat liberated during the reaction is removed from the reactor by means of heat exchange with water, generating intrinsic steam, the product mixture leaving the reactor and comprising ethylene, vinyl acetate, acetic acid, water, carbon dioxide and inert gases is separated by distillation using one or more azeotrope columns and/or one or more pure distillation columns, wherein at least one azeotrope column and/or pure distillation column contains packings, and intrinsic steam is used at least partially for introducing energy into the thus-equipped azeotrope columns and/or pure distillation columns. 112-. (canceled)13. A process for the preparation of vinyl acetate by means of a heterogeneously catalysed , continuous gas-phase reaction of ethylene , acetic acid and oxygen in a reactor , where process heat liberated during the reaction is removed from the reactor by means of heat exchange with water and as a result intrinsic steam is formed , comprising:distillatively separating a product mixture leaving the reactor, comprising ethylene, vinyl acetate, acetic acid, water, carbon dioxide and inert gases, using one or more azeotrope columns and/or one or more pure distillation columns, whereinat least one azeotrope column and/or at least one pure distillation column contains packings, and the intrinsic steam is used at least partially for introducing energy into one or more thus-equipped azeotrope columns and/or pure distillation columns.14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the intrinsic steam has a temperature of from 120° C. to 170° C. claim 13 , and a pressure of from 2 to 8 bar.15. The process of claim 13 , wherein a packing-containing azeotrope column is employed claim 13 , and packings are located in a rectification section of the azeotrope column.16. The process of claim 14 , wherein a packing ...

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Номер записи: 71
16-02-2017 дата публикации

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST FOR TRANSESTERIFICATION AND METHOD OF PREPARING SAME

Номер: US20170043326A1
Автор: HAM PETER GREGORY, JOSHI UMAKANT PRAVINCHANDRA
Принадлежит: CRYSTAPHASE PRODUCTS, INC.

A transesterification catalyst that is heterogeneous and a method for preparing said transesterification catalyst are provided. The catalyst can be used in a variety of transesterification reactor configurations including CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactors), ebullated (or ebullating) beds or any other fluidized bed reactors, and PFR (plug flow, fixed bed reactors). The catalyst can be used for manufacturing commercial grade biodiesel, biolubricants and glycerin. 17.-. (canceled)8. A method of preparing a transesterification catalyst comprising:mixing a metal hydroxide with the metal selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and lithium with a metal hydroxide with the metal selected from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, and barium in a ratio of about 1:10 by weight to form a component mixture;dissolving the component mixture in phosphoric acid;heating the component mixture to a temperature in the range from 60-90 degrees C.;precipitating a solid compound;mixing the precipitate with ceramic substrate in a ratio of about 2:10 by weight and washing with water to form a precipitate/ceramic substrate mixture; andcalcining the precipitate/ceramic substrate mixture at a temperature in the range from 400-500 degrees C.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the precipitate/ceramic substrate mixture is calcined by heating for four hours or greater.1020.-. (canceled) This application is a divisional application and claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/753,623, filed Jun. 29, 2015, which claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/062,567, filed Oct. 10, 2014, U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/149,138, filed Apr. 17, 2015 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/155,970, filed May 1, 2015, the contents of each of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.1. Field of the InventionThe presently disclosed ...

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Номер записи: 72
01-05-2014 дата публикации

METHODS OF REFINING AND PRODUCING DIBASIC ESTERS AND ACIDS FROM NATURAL OIL FEEDSTOCKS

Номер: US20140121402A1
Автор: Cohen Steven A., Gildon Demond L., Snead Thomas E.
Принадлежит: ELEVANCE RENEWABLE SCIENCES, INC.

Methods and systems for making dibasic esters and/or dibasic acids using metathesis are generally disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods comprise reacting a terminal olefin ester with an internal olefin ester in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form a dibasic ester and/or dibasic acid. In some embodiments, the terminal olefin ester or the internal olefin ester are derived from a renewable feedstock, such as a natural oil feedstock. In some such embodiments, the natural oil feedstock, or a transesterified derivative thereof, is metathesized to make the terminal olefin ester or the internal olefin ester. 1. A method of making an unsaturated dibasic ester , comprising:providing a reactant composition comprising a terminal olefin ester and an internal olefin ester; andreacting the terminal olefin ester with the internal olefin ester in a reactor in the presence of a first metathesis catalyst to form an unsaturated dibasic ester and a first terminal olefin.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the first terminal olefin is removed from the reactor during the reacting.3. (canceled)5. The method of claim 4 , wherein X is —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , —(CH)—CH═ claim 4 , or —(CH)—CH═.6. The method of wherein X is —(CH)—CH═.7. (canceled)8. The method of claim 1 , wherein R is methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , or isopropyl.9. (canceled)10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the terminal olefin ester is a 4-pentenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 5-hexenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 6-heptenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 7-octenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 8-nonenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 9-decenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 10-undecenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 11-dodecenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 12-tridecenoic acid ester claim 1 , a 13-tetradecenoic acid ester ...

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Номер записи: 73
15-02-2018 дата публикации

Methods of Refining Natural Oil Feedstocks

Номер: US20180044597A1
Автор: Balakrishnan Chander, Cohen Steven A., Jr. Melvin L., Luetkens, Snyder Robert
Принадлежит: ELEVANCE RENEWABLE SCIENCES, INC.

Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrogenating the olefins under conditions sufficient to form a fuel composition. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product. 119-. (canceled)20. A method of producing a fuel composition comprising:providing a feedstock comprising natural oil glycerides, and (b) low-molecular-weight olefins;reacting the natural oil glycerides with the low-molecular-weight olefins in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters;separating at least a portion of the olefins in the metathesized product from the esters in the metathesized product; andhydrogenating the separated olefins to form a fuel composition.21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the fuel composition is: (a) a kerosene-type jet fuel having a carbon number distribution between 8 and 16 claim 20 , a flash point between 38° C. and 66° C. claim 20 , an auto ignition temperature of 210° C. claim 20 , and a freeze point between −47° C. and −40° C.; (b) a naphtha-type jet fuel having a carbon number distribution between 5 and 15 claim 20 , a flash point between −23° C. and 0° C. claim 20 , an auto ignition temperature of 250° C.; and a freeze point of −65° C.; or (c) a diesel fuel having a carbon number distribution between 8 and 25 claim 20 , a specific gravity of between 0.82 and 1.08 at 15.6° C. claim 20 , a cetane number of greater than 40; and a distillation range between 180° C. and 340° C.22. The method of claim 20 , further comprising flash-separating a light end ...

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Номер записи: 74
19-02-2015 дата публикации

Esterification Process

Номер: US20150051420A1
Автор: De Munck Nicholaas A.
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of an invention disclosed herein relate to methods to produce terephthalate esters, the methods include esterifying at least one C-Calcohol with dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) in the presence of a catalyst to produce the terephthalate esters. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is an organic titanate catalyst.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of tin powder claim 1 , tin (II) oxide claim 1 , tin (II) oxalate claim 1 , titanate esters claim 1 , titanium tetraalkoxides claim 1 , zirconium esters claim 1 , and mixtures thereof4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is an acid catalyst.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the acid catalyst comprises an acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid claim 4 , sulfonic acid claim 4 , methanesulfonic acid claim 4 , p-toluenesulfonic claim 4 , and mixtures thereof6. The method of wherein the dimethyl terephthalate is molten.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one C-Calcohol is selected from C-Calcohols and mixtures thereof.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one C-Calcohol is 2-ethyl hexanol (2-EH).9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the 2-EH comprises fresh 2-EH and recycled 2-EH.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the terephthalate ester is di-alkyl terephthalate.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the terephthalate ester is di-octyl terephthalate (DOTP).12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is a batch method.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method utilizes a reactor system selected from the group consisting of a batch reactor claim 1 , a continuous flow reactor claim 1 , a cascade of stirred tank reactors claim 1 , and any combination thereof.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the reactor system comprises at least one distillation column.15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises esterifving in the presence of at least one solvent.16. The method of claim ...

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Номер записи: 75
14-02-2019 дата публикации

METHOXYCARBONYLATION WITH FORMIC ACID AS CO SOURCE

Номер: US20190047935A1
Автор: Beller Matthias, DONG Kaiwu, Franke Robert, Jackstell Ralf, Liu Jie, SANG Rui
Принадлежит: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH

Process for methoxycarbonylation with formic acid as the CO source. 2. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein no CO gas is supplied to the reaction mixture,3. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein HCOOH serves as the only CO source for the reaction,4. Process according to claims 1 ,wherein the compound in process step b) is selected from:{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '3', '2', '2', '3', '2, 'Pd(acac), PdCl, Pd(dba)*CHCl (dba=dibenzylideneacetone), Pd(OAc), Pd(TFA), Pd(CHCN)Cl.'}5. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein the process comprises additional process step f):f) addition of an acid.6. Process according to claim 5 ,{'sub': 2', '4', '3', '3', '3', '3, 'wherein the acid is selected from: HSO, CHSOH, CFSOH, PTSA.'}7. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein the MeOH/HCOOH ratio based on the employed volume is in the range from 1.5:0.5 to 1.2:0.8.8. Process according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'sub': 1', '12', '1', '12', '4', '14', '4', '14', '1', '12', '1', '12', '3', '14', '3', '14', '2, 'wherein R, R, R, Rare each independently selected from: —(C-C)-alkyl, —O—(C-C)-alkyl, —(C-C)-aryl, —O—(C-C)-aryl, cycloalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroalkyl, —O—(C-C)-heteroalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroaryl, —O—(C-C)-heteroaryl, —COO-alkyl, —COO-aryl, —C—O-alkyl, —C—O-aryl, NH, halogen and the residues are also capable of forming a larger condensed ring;'}wherein the recited alkyl groups, aryl groups, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl groups, heteroaryl groups may be substituted as follows:{'sub': 1', '12', '1', '12, '—(C-C)-alkyl, —O—(C-C)-alkyl, halogen;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'and at least one of the radicals R, R, R, Rdoes not represent phenyl.'}9. Process according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'sub': 1', '12', '4', '14', '1', '12', '3', '14, 'wherein R, R, R, Rare each independently selected from: —(C-C)-alkyl, —(C-C)-aryl, cycloalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroaryl, halogen and the residues are also capable of forming a larger condensed ring;'}wherein the recited alkyl groups, aryl ...

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Номер записи: 76
14-02-2019 дата публикации

METHOXYCARBONYLATION WITH FORMIC ACID AND METHANOL

Номер: US20190047936A1
Автор: Beller Matthias, DONG Kaiwu, Franke Robert, Jackstell Ralf, Liu Jie, SANG Rui
Принадлежит: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH

Process for methoxycarbonylation with formic acid and methanol. 2. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein no CO gas is supplied to the reaction mixture.3. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein HCOOH serves as the only CO source for the reaction.4. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein the compound in process step b) is selected from:{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '3', '2', '2', '3', '2, 'Pd(acac), PdCl, Pd(dba)*CHCl (dba=dibenzylideneacetone), Pd(OAc), Pd(TFA), Pd(CHCN)Cl.'}5. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein the process comprises the additional process step g):g) addition of an acid.6. Process according to claim 5 ,{'sub': 2', '4', '3', '3', '3', '3, 'wherein the acid is selected from: HSO, CHSOH, CFSOH, PTSA.'}7. Process according to claim 1 ,wherein the employed volume of HCOOH based on 2 mmol of olefin is in the range from 0.4 ml to 0.6 ml.8. Process according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'sub': 1', '12', '1', '12', '4', '14', '4', '14', '1', '12', '1', '12', '3', '14', '3', '14', '2, 'wherein R, R, Rand Rare each independently selected from: —(C-C)-alkyl, —O—(C-C)-alkyl, —(C-C)-aryl, —O—(C-C)-aryl, cycloalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroalkyl, —O—(C-C)-heteroalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroaryl, —O—(C-C)-heteroaryl, —COO-alkyl, —COO-aryl, —C—O-alkyl, —C—O-aryl, NH, halogen and the residues are also capable of forming a larger condensed ring;'}wherein the recited alkyl groups, aryl groups, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl groups, heteroaryl groups may be substituted as follows:{'sub': 1', '12', '1', '12, '—(C-C)-alkyl, —O—(C-C)-alkyl, halogen;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'and at least one of the radicals R, R, R, Rdoes not represent phenyl.'}9. Process according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'sub': 1', '12', '4', '14', '1', '12', '3', '14, 'wherein R, R, Rand Rare each independently selected from: —(C-C)-alkyl, —(C-C)-aryl, cycloalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroalkyl, —(C-C)-heteroaryl, halogen and the residues are also capable of forming a larger condensed ring;'}wherein the recited alkyl groups, ...

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Номер записи: 77
13-02-2020 дата публикации

CHEMICAL REACTION METHOD USING CHEMICAL REACTION APPARATUS

Номер: US20200047148A1
Автор: ISHIZUKA Akinori, MOMOTA Kunitaka, Tsukahara Yasunori, YOSHINO Iwao
Принадлежит: Microwave Chemical Co., Ltd.

A chemical reaction method includes preparing a chemical reaction apparatus including a horizontal flow reactor partitioned into multiple chambers by multiple partition plates. A liquid content horizontally flows with an unfilled space provided thereabove. a microwave generator and a waveguide that transmits microwaves to the unfilled space are also included. The reactor is inclined such that, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side by at least an overflow depth at the partition plate on the outlet side. The content is flowed over each of the multiple partition plates inside the reactor. The content flowing inside the reactor is irradiated with microwaves. The inclination angle of the reactor is changed in each of the chambers so that a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side. 1. A chemical reaction method comprising: a horizontal flow reactor inside of which has been partitioned into multiple chambers by multiple partition plates, and a liquid content horizontally flows with an unfilled space being provided thereabove,', 'a microwave generator that generates microwaves, and', 'at least one waveguide that transmits the microwaves generated by the microwave generator to the unfilled space in the reactor,', 'wherein one or more weirs that are flow paths of the content are formed in an upper portion of each of the partition plates;, 'preparing a chemical reaction apparatus including'}inclining the reactor such that, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side by at least an overflow depth at the partition plate on the outlet side;flowing the content over each of the multiple partition plates inside the reactor;irradiating the content flowing inside the reactor with microwaves; andchanging an inclination angle of the reactor within a range in which, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher ...

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Номер записи: 78
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Methods of Direct Addition of (Meth) Acrylic Acid to Bio-based oils

Номер: US20160053200A1
Автор: Chen Lianzhou, Colby Joshua L., Hutt Aaron E., Owusu-Adom Kwame
Принадлежит:

(Meth)acrylates are prepared in a single-step method from a mixture of (meth)acrylic acid and at least one biobased oil and/or its derivative(s), including at least one unsaturation. The (meth)acrylates are made by directly adding the (meth)acrylic acid to the biobased oil by reacting in the presence of an acid catalyst, including an inorganic or organic acid having at least one oxygen atom present thereon and which possesses at least one acid functionality having an ionization constant in water which is not greater than 3. 1. A method comprising reacting (meth)acrylic acid with a biobased oil comprising at least one unsaturation; the reacting occurring in the presence of an acid catalyst comprising an inorganic or organic acid having at least one oxygen atom present thereon and which possesses at least one acid functionality having an ionization constant in water which is not greater than 3.2. The method of wherein the acid catalyst comprises a heterogeneous catalyst.3. The method of wherein the acid catalyst comprises a homogeneous catalyst.4. The method of wherein the acid catalyst comprises a cation exchange resin.5. The method of wherein the acid catalyst comprises a sulfuric acid catalyst claim 1 , a sulfonic acid catalyst claim 1 , or a combination thereof.6. The method of wherein the reacting occurs in the presence of water in an amount between 0% and 5% by weight of the total components present.7. The method of wherein the acid catalyst comprises a sulfuric acid functional group claim 1 , a sulfonic acid functional group claim 1 , or a combination thereof claim 1 , bound to a C-Caliphatic group claim 1 , aromatic group claim 1 , or heteroalkyl group claim 1 , a polymer or (co)polymer claim 1 , or an inorganic group8. The method of wherein the acid catalyst is selected from the group consisting of methanesulfonic acid claim 1 , p-toluenesufonic acid claim 1 , fluorosulfuric acid claim 1 , trifluoromethanesulfonic acid claim 1 , a sulfonated styrene ...

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Номер записи: 79
13-02-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYFUNCTIONAL ACRYLATE

Номер: US20200048178A1
Автор: Ito Keisuke, Matsumoto Shigeaki, SHIGEMATSU Keita
Принадлежит: OSAKA ORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY LTD.

The present invention provides a production method of a multifunctional acrylate with a reduced tin content which includes adding an acid to a mixture containing an organotin compound and a multifunctional acrylate and distilling the mixture containing the acid. 1. A method for producing a multifunctional acrylate with a reduced tin content comprising adding an acid to a mixture comprising an organotin compound and a multifunctional acrylate and distilling the mixture comprising the acid.2. The production method according to wherein an amount of the acid to be added is 50-500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of a content of tin in the mixture comprising the organotin compound and the multifunctional acrylate.3. A method for producing a multifunctional acrylate comprisingstep 1 comprising a transesterification reaction of an acrylate and a polyhydric alcohol in the presence of an organotin compound to give a reaction mixture comprising the organotin compound and a multifunctional acrylate,step 2 comprising evaporating a compound having a boiling point lower than the organotin compound and the multifunctional acrylate from the reaction mixture to give a residue comprising the organotin compound and the multifunctional acrylate,step 3 comprising distilling the residue to give a distillate comprising the organotin compound and the multifunctional acrylate and a distillation residue comprising the organotin compound, andstep 4 comprising adding an acid to the distillate and distilling the mixture comprising the acid to give a multifunctional acrylate with a reduced tin content.4. The production method according to wherein an amount of the acid to be added is 50-500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of a content of tin in the distillate comprising the organotin compound and the multifunctional acrylate.5. The production method according to wherein the distillation residue obtained in step 3 is reused in a transesterification reaction in a new step 1.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 80
08-05-2014 дата публикации

Process for the preparation of alkanoic acid esters in a carbonylation process using palladium bidentate biphosphate ligands

Номер: US20140128631A1
Автор: Elisabeth Wilhelmina Maria Van De Vondervoort, Johannes Gerardus De Vries, Michèle Catherine Christianne JANSSEN, Natascha Sereinig
Принадлежит: DSM IP ASSETS BV

The invention relates to a carbonylation process for the preparation of an alkanoic acid ester comprising reacting: (a) an alkene; (b) a source of Pd; (c) a bidentate phosphine ligand of formula I; R 1 R 2 P—R 3 —R—R 4 —PR 5 R 6   (I) wherein P represents a phosphorus atom; R1, R2, R 5 and R 6 can independently represent the same or different optionally substituted organic groups containing a tertiary carbon atom through which the group is linked to the phosphorus atom; R 3 and R 4 independently represent optionally substituted lower alkylene groups and R represents an optionally substituted aromatic group; (d) a source of anions derived from an acid with a pKa<3; (e) carbon monoxide; and (f) an alkanol; characterized in that the process is performed in the presence of between 0.1 and 3 wt water. The process advantageously has a high conversion rate and is suitable for the production of dimethyl adipate, adipate and hexamethylene diamine and products derived thereof such as nylon 6,6 from renewable sources such as plant waste, sewage waste etceteras instead of using fossil sources.

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Номер записи: 81
22-02-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING (METH) ACRYLATE ESTER COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20180050975A1
Автор: KAJIYASHIKI Tsuyoshi, TAKAHATA Yusuke
Принадлежит: KURARAY CO., LTD.

An object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a (meth)acrylate ester compound by the transesterification of an alkyl (meth)acrylate with an alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group so as to esterify all the hydroxyl groups present in the alcohol compound with a high yield or, in a preferred embodiment, a method for esterifying a polyhydric alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group and also having a primary hydroxyl group and/or a secondary hydroxyl group by one-pot transesterification into a (meth)acrylate ester compound of the polyhydric alcohol. The method for producing a (meth)acrylate ester compound includes a step (I) of transesterifying an alkyl (meth)acrylate with an alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group using a transesterification catalyst including a complex of iron with a specific ligand, the water content in the transesterification reaction system being not more than 1000 ppm. 2. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein an amount of the transesterification catalyst in the transesterifying is from 0.1 to 20 mol % in terms of iron atoms relative to the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol compound.3. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the alcohol compound is a polyhydric alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group and also having a primary hydroxyl group and/or a secondary hydroxyl group.5. The production method according to claim 3 , wherein the polyhydric alcohol compound is isoprene glycol.6. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group is a polyhydric alcohol compound having a primary hydroxyl group and/or a secondary hydroxyl group claim 1 , and the (meth)acrylate ester compound obtained is a polyvalent ester compound resulting from the esterification of all the hydroxyl groups present in the polyhydric alcohol compound.8. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the (meth)acrylate ester compound is di( ...

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Номер записи: 82
05-03-2015 дата публикации

Method of Manufacturing Bio-Diesel and Reactor

Номер: US20150064077A1
Автор: Gerard M. Thomassie, Kemper J. Mcspadden
Принадлежит: LOUISIANA ECO GREEN LLC

A reactor and process for the production of bio-diesel. The reactor includes one or more coiled reaction lines. The lines are positioned within a tank containing a heat transfer media such as molten salt, maintained at about 750° F. A pump circulates the media within the tank. An emulsion of alcohol; refined feed stock, including glycerides and/or fatty acids; and preferably water is pumped through the reaction lines at temperatures and pressures sufficient to maintain the alcohol in a super-critical state. The curvature of the coils, pump pulsing, and the flow rate of the emulsion keep the emulsion in a turbulent state while in the reactor, ensuring thorough mixing of the alcohol and feed stock. The alcohol reacts with the glycerides and fatty acids to form bio-diesel. The reaction is fast, efficient with regard to energy input and waste generation, and requires minimal alcohol.

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Номер записи: 83
09-03-2017 дата публикации

Heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification and method of preparing same

Номер: US20170065964A1
Автор: Peter Gregory Ham, Umakant Pravinchandra Joshi
Принадлежит: Crystaphase International Inc

A transesterification catalyst that is heterogeneous and a method for preparing said transesterification catalyst are provided. The catalyst can be used in a variety of transesterification reactor configurations including CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactors), ebullated (or ebullating) beds or any other fluidized bed reactors, and PFR (plug flow, fixed bed reactors). The catalyst can be used for manufacturing commercial grade biodiesel, biolubricants and glycerin.

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Номер записи: 84
11-03-2021 дата публикации

HIGH GEOMETRIC SURFACE AREA CATALYSTS FOR VINYL ACETATE MONOMER PRODUCTION

Номер: US20210069679A1
Автор: VON DEAK Dieter G.
Принадлежит:

A catalyst includes a support, where the support includes an external surface, about 60 wt % to about 99 wt % silica, and about 1.0 wt % to about 5.0 wt % alumina. A catalytic layer is disposed within the support adjacent to the external surface, where the catalytic layer further includes Pd, Au, and potassium acetate (KOAc). In the catalyst, (a) the KOAc is from about 60 kg/mto about 150 kg/mof the catalyst; or (b) the catalytic layer has an average thickness from about 50 μm to about 150 μm; or (c) both (a) and (b). The catalyst also possesses a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of about 130 m/g to about 300 m/g and a geometric surface area per packed bed volume from about 550 m/mto about 1500 m/m. The catalyst is highly active for the synthesis of vinyl acetate monomer and exhibits a high selectivity for vinyl acetate monomer. 1. A catalyst comprising: an external surface;', 'about 60 wt % to about 99 wt % silica; and', 'about 1.0 wt % to about 5.0 wt % alumina;, 'a support comprisinga catalytic layer disposed within the support adjacent to the external surface, where the catalytic layer further comprises Pd, Au, and potassium acetate (KOAc);{'sup': 2', '2, 'a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of about 130 m/g to about 300 m/g; and'}{'sup': 2', '3', '2', '3, 'a geometric surface area per packed bed volume from about 800 m/mto about 1300 m/m;'} [{'sup': 3', '3, '(a) the KOAc is from about 60 kg/mto about 150 kg/mof the catalyst; or'}, '(b) the catalytic layer has an average thickness from about 50 μm to about 150 μm, or', {'sup': 3', '3, '(c) the KOAc is from about 60 kg/mto about 150 kg/mof the catalyst and the catalytic layer has an average thickness from about 50 μm to about 150 μm.'}], 'wherein'}2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the KOAc is from about 65 kg/mto about 100 kg/mof the catalyst.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic layer has an average thickness from about 100 μm to about 200 μm.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the alumina ...

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Номер записи: 85
09-03-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR MAKING ESTERS OF 2-ACETOXYALKANOIC ACIDS USING AN ALPHA-HYDROXYALKANOIC ACID ESTER AND AN ACETATE ESTER AS STARTING MATERIALS

Номер: US20170066709A1
Автор: Bray Steven Scott, Kulshrestha Aman, Schroeder Joseph David
Принадлежит:

2-Acetoxyalkanoic acid esters are made in a reaction of an α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester and an acetate ester in the presence of a transesterification catalyst. Unlike previous methods for making 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid esters, this process proceeds in high yield and high selectivity to the desired product. 1. A process for making a 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid ester comprising heating a mixture of an α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester and at least one mole of an alkyl acetate ester per mole of the α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester in a reaction vessel to a temperature of at least 150° C. under superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a transesterification catalyst to convert at least a portion of the α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester and alkyl acetate ester to a 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid ester and at least one alkanol or phenolic compound , wherein the water content in the reaction vessel during the reaction is maintained at below 0.15% by weight.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein Rand Reach are independently methyl claim 3 , ethyl claim 3 , n-propyl claim 3 , i-propyl claim 3 , n-butyl claim 3 , sec-butyl or t-butyl and Ris methyl claim 3 , ethyl claim 3 , n-propyl claim 3 , i-propyl claim 3 , n-butyl claim 3 , sec-butyl or t-butyl.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein Rand Rare the same.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein Rand Reach are methyl.7. The process of claim 5 , wherein Rand Reach are n-butyl.8. The process of claim 5 , wherein Ris methyl.9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising recovering the 2-acetoxyalkanonic acid ester.10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the 2-acetoxyalkanonic acid ester is recovered by crystallization or distillation.11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the conversion of the α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester is 50 to 80%.12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the selectivity to 2-acetoxyalkanonic acid ester is at least 80%.13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the selectivity to 2-acetoxyalkanonic acid ester is at least 90%.14. The process of wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 86
09-03-2017 дата публикации

Methods of Refining Natural Oil Feedstocks

Номер: US20170066972A1
Автор: Chander Balakrishnan, Melvin L. Luetkens, Jr., Robert Snyder, Steven A. Cohen
Принадлежит: Elevance Renewable Sciences Inc

Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrogenating the olefins under conditions sufficient to form a fuel composition. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product.

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Номер записи: 87
12-03-2015 дата публикации

Process

Номер: US20150073078A1
Автор: Lars Wiebe, Thomas Schmidt
Принадлежит: DUPONT NUTRITION BIOSCIENCES APS

A process can prepare a compound having the formula wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen and acyl groups, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a branched chain long acyl group including 2, 4 or 6 branched acyl groups wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is selected from short acyl groups of the formula wherein q is from 0 to 4.

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Номер записи: 88
17-03-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF ADIPIC ACID FROM 1,6-HEXANEDIOL

Номер: US20160074835A1
Автор: DIAS ERIC L., Murphy Vincent J., Shoemaker James A.W.
Принадлежит:

Processes are disclosed for the conversion of 1,6-hexanediol to adipic acid employing a chemocatalytic reaction in which 1,6-hexanediol is reacted with oxygen in the presence of particular heterogeneous catalysts including at least one of platinum or gold. The metals are preferably provided on a support selected from the group of titania, stabilized titania, zirconia, stabilized zirconia, silica or mixtures thereof, most preferably zirconia stabilized with tungsten. The reaction with oxygen is carried out at a temperature from about 100° C. to about 300° C. and at a partial pressure of oxygen from about 50 psig to about 2000 psig. 119-. (canceled)20. A catalyst comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of gold and platinum , wherein the at least one metal is on a support , wherein at least the outer surfaces of the support are zirconia or stabilized zirconia , wherein the surface area of the support is equal to or less than about 100 m/g and the average pore diameter is at least about 10 nm , and wherein the zirconia or stabilized zirconia comprises tungsten in an amount ranging from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % of the total weight of the support.21. The catalyst of claim 20 , wherein the outer surfaces consist essentially of stabilized zirconia.22. The catalyst of claim 20 , wherein the catalyst consists essentially of platinum on such support.23. The catalyst of claim 20 , wherein the catalyst consists essentially of platinum and gold on such support.24. The catalyst of claim 20 , wherein the catalyst further comprises palladium.25. The catalyst of claim 20 , wherein the at least one metal is present claim 20 , in sum claim 20 , in an amount up to about 4 wt % of the total weight of the catalyst. This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/658,364, filed on Jun. 11, 2012, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.The present disclosure relates generally ...

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Номер записи: 89
16-03-2017 дата публикации

METHODS FOR PRODUCTION OF BIO-BASED LUBRICANTS AND RELATED FLUIDS

Номер: US20170073297A1
Автор: BETOURNEY BILL, MCLEA VIKTORIA
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a method for production of a methyl ester based formulation. The method involves: providing a feedstock containing about 1% to about 100% canola oil; removing water from the feedstock; heating the feedstock to at least about 60° C.; mixing a solution of about 90% to about 100% (v/v) methanol and a strong base with the heated feedstock to produce a mixture containing methyl ester; and allowing the mixture containing methyl ester to rest for at least one hour. The composition of the methanol and strong base solution being calculated based on the free fatty acid content of the feedstock. The methyl ester based formulations produced by the method can be used as ecofriendly penetrating oils, lubricating oils, machining fluid or releasing agents. 1) A method for production of a methyl ester based formulation , the method comprising the steps of:providing a feedstock comprising about 1% to about 100% canola oil;removing water from the feedstock;heating the feedstock to at least about 60° C.;mixing a solution of about 90% to about 100% (v/v) methanol and a strong base with the heated feedstock to produce a mixture comprising methyl ester, whereby the composition of the solution is calculated based on the free fatty acid content of the feedstock; andallowing the mixture comprising methyl ester to rest for at least one hour.2) The method of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock is vegetable oil.3) The method of claim 2 , wherein the vegetable oil is new or used vegetable oil.4) The method of claim 3 , wherein the vegetable oil is filtered to remove solid particulate matter prior to or simultaneously with the step of removing the water from the feedstock.5) The method of claim 1 , wherein the strong base is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.6) The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution of about 90% to about 100% (v/v) methanol purity and the strong base are mixed with the heated feedstock for at least about two hours.7) The method of claim 1 , further comprising ...

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Номер записи: 90
05-03-2020 дата публикации

Products from the decomposition of plastic waste

Номер: US20200071485A1
Автор: Garret D. Figuly, Jennifer LE ROY, Jia Yun YAO, Ruja SHRESTHA, Tapaswy MUPPANENI, Yu Wen WANG
Принадлежит: Biocellection Inc

This invention relates to the field of plastic waste decomposition. More specifically, the invention comprises products obtained from the decomposition of plastic waste.

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Номер записи: 91
18-03-2021 дата публикации

3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENETHYL 3-HYDROXYBUTANOATE, PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20210078932A1
Автор: HU YA-CHONG, JIANG QING-LIN, LIU JIAN-KANG, LONG JIAN-GANG, MA QING-QING, WANG YONG-YAO, Wang Zhen, XU XIAO-HONG, ZHANG TING-HUA, ZHANG YU-XIA
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure discloses a novel compound, 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, a method for preparing the same and use of the same, and in particular, a compound of formula I, use of the compound of formula I, optically pure isomers of the compound, a mixture of enantiomers in any ratio, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in preparing health food and drug for relieving brain fatigue, improving learning and memory abilities, and ameliorating mania mood related to brain fatigue. 2. A method for preparing the compound of claim 1 , the method comprising:S1, synthesizing β-benzyloxybutyric acid;S2, synthesizing 3,4-dibenzyloxyphenylethanol;S3, synthesizing 3,4-bis(benzyloxy)phenethyl 3-(benzyloxy)butanoate; andS4, synthesizing 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step S1 comprises reacting crotonic acid with benzyl alcohol to synthesize β-benzyloxybutyric acid;the step S2 comprises reacting 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol with benzyl bromide to synthesize 3,4-dibenzyloxyphenylethanol;the step S3 comprises reacting β-benzyloxybutyric acid synthesized in the step S1 with 3,4-dibenzyloxyphenylethanol synthesized in the step S2 to synthesize 3,4-bis(benzyloxy)phenethyl 3-(benzyloxy)butanoate; andthe step S4 comprises reacting 3,4-bis(benzyloxy)phenethyl 3-(benzyloxy)butanoate synthesized in the step S3 with anhydrous methanol.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step S1 comprises:weighing and placing crotonic acid in a first reaction vessel, to which benzyl alcohol and mercuric acetate are sequentially added to form a first mixture, and stirring the first mixture at room temperature overnight;cooling the first reaction vessel to about 0° C., adding sodium hydroxide within about 5 minutes to about 10 minutes to the first reaction vessel, then adding a sodium hydroxide water solution containing sodium borohydride to the first reaction vessel, and keeping the first reaction vessel at about 0° C. for about 3 ...

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Номер записи: 92
18-03-2021 дата публикации

TEREPHTHALIC ACID ESTERS FORMATION

Номер: US20210079192A1
Автор: ESSADDAM Adel, ESSADDAM Fares
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to the formation of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). The present invention also relates to the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the recovery of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). 1. A process for the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to form a terephthalate; the process comprising admixing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a mixture comprising sodium glycoxide.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the mixture further comprises a solvent selected from methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , n-propanol claim 1 , isopropanol claim 1 , t-butanol claim 1 , ethylene glycol claim 1 , glycerol claim 1 , cyclohexane-1 claim 1 ,4-dimethanol claim 1 , phenol claim 1 , benzyl alcohol claim 1 , and any combinations thereof.3. (canceled)4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the solvent is methanol.5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the solvent is added to the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) prior to the addition of the glycoxide.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is mixed with the solvent prior to the addition of the glycoxide for about 15 mins to about 120 mins.7. (canceled)8. The process of claim 2 , wherein the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is mixed with the solvent prior to the addition of the glycoxide at a temperature between about 50° C. to about 100° C.9. (canceled)10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the terephthalate is dimethyl terephthalate (DMT).11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the sodium glycoxide is mono sodium glycoxide and the mono sodium glycoxide is provided as a suspension.14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the mono sodium glycoxide suspension is prepared by a process comprising:a) heating mono ethylene glycol;b) adding sodium hydroxide thereby forming mono sodium glycoxide;c) drying the mono sodium glycoxide;d) suspending the dried mono sodium glycoxide into a suspending solvent; ande) aging the suspension.15. The ...

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Номер записи: 93
12-06-2014 дата публикации

GRAPHENE-NANOPARTICLE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Номер: US20140159181A1
Автор: CHA Seung-nam, KANG Dae-Jun, KIM Sung-Min, PARK Young-jun, SHAKIR Muhammad Imran
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

A graphene-nanoparticle structure includes a substrate, a graphene layer disposed on the substrate and a nanoparticle layer disposed on the graphene layer. The graphene-nanoparticle structure may be formed by alternately laminating the graphene layer and the nanoparticle layer and may play the role of a multifunctional film capable of realizing various functions according to the number of laminated layers and the selected material of the nanoparticles. 1. A graphene-nanoparticle structure comprising:a substrate;a first graphene layer disposed on the substrate; anda first nanoparticle layer disposed on the first graphene layer.2. The graphene-nanoparticle structure of claim 1 , further comprising at least one second graphene layer and at least one second nanoparticle layer alternately disposed on the first nanoparticle layer.3. The graphene-nanoparticle structure of claim 1 , wherein the first graphene layer has a positive electric charge.4. The graphene-nanoparticle structure of claim 2 , wherein the first and second graphene layers have a positive electric charge.5. The graphene-nanoparticle structure of claim 1 , wherein the first nanoparticle layer comprises a plurality of nanoparticles comprising metals claim 1 , metal oxides claim 1 , semiconductors claim 1 , or polymers.6. A photocatalytic structure comprising:a substrate; anda photocatalytic layer disposed on the substrate, the photocatalytic layer comprising at least one graphene layer and at least one nanoparticle layer which are alternately disposed.7. The photocatalytic structure of claim 6 , wherein the graphene layer has a positive electric charge.8. The photocatalytic structure of claim 6 , wherein the nanoparticle layer comprises a plurality of nanoparticles configured to have a peak efficiency of optical absorption in a band of visible light.9. The photocatalytic structure of claim 6 , wherein the nanoparticle layer comprises a plurality of gold nanoparticles.10. A photoelectric device comprising:a ...

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Номер записи: 94
14-03-2019 дата публикации

MIXTURES OF CANNABINOID COMPOUNDS, AND PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20190077783A1
Автор: Götz Marcus Rudolf, KOCH Oskar
Принадлежит:

Described are specific mixtures comprising one or more (cannabinoid) compounds of the formula (A) and/or one or more of their salts as well was methods for their production. 2. The mixture according to claim 1 , wherein the aliphatic rest of the compound of formula (A) is saturated and/or linear.5. A mixture according to claim 3 , wherein in the said formulas (A-I) claim 3 , (A-II) claim 3 , (A-III) or claim 3 , respectively claim 3 , (A-IV) each Rindependently of the meaning of each of the others of the rests Ris H or OH.7. A method of therapeutic treatment of a human or animal comprising administering to the human or animal a mixture of claim 1 , or a compound of the formula (A) claim 1 , or salt thereof.8. A method for achieving an effect selected from the group consisting of: appetizing effect claim 1 ,antiemetic effect for the inhibition of nausea and vomiting,reduction of muscular cramps and spasticities,alleviation of pain symptoms,alleviation of migraine symptoms,reduction of the intraocular pressure in the case of a glaucoma,improved sentiment,immune stimulation,antiepileptic effect, andas CB1 and/or CB2 receptor modulator;{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the method comprising administering to the human or animal a mixture of or a compound of the formula (A), or salt thereof.'}11. A method for producing a mixture according to or a compound selected from the group consisting of cyclohexylcannabidivarinolat claim 1 , hexylcannabidivarinolat and 2-hydroxyethylcannabidivarinolat or a salt thereof claim 1 , comprising the following steps: 'and', '(a) transesterification of a divarinacid ester,'}(b) reacting the divarinacid ester obtained by transesterification in step (a) with menthadienol to the corresponding compound of the formula (A).12. A method for producing THCV claim 1 , comprising the production of a mixture according to or of a compound selected from the group consisting of cyclohexylcannabidivarinolat claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 95
23-03-2017 дата публикации

HIGHLY UNSATURATED FATTY ACID OR HIGHLY UNSATURATED FATTY ACID ETHYL ESTER WITH REDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20170081272A1
Автор: Doisaki Nobushige, HATA Kazuhiko, MATSUSHIMA Kazunori, TOKIWA Shinji
Принадлежит:

A highly unsaturated fatty acid or a highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester that has been produced using as a feedstock oil a fat or oil that contains highly unsaturated fatty acids as constituent fatty acids and which has been reduced in the contents of environmental pollutants, wherein among the dioxins contained, polychlorinated dibenzoparadioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are contained in amounts of less than 0.05 pg-TEQ/g and coplanar PCBs (Co-PCBs) in amounts of less than 0.03 pg-TEQ/g. Also disclosed is a method for producing the highly unsaturated fatty acid or highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester by the steps of removing free fatty acids and environmental pollutants by thin-film distillation from a feedstock oil, ethyl esterifying the resulting fat or oil, and refining the same by rectification and column chromatography. 1. A highly unsaturated fatty acid or a highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester which has been produced using as a feedstock oil or fat derived from marine products that contains highly unsaturated fatty acids as constituent fatty acids ,wherein the highly unsaturated fatty acid or the highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester contains an amount of coplanar PCBs (Co-PCBs) up to 0.03 pg-TEQ/g, andwherein the highly unsaturated fatty acid comprises eicosapentaenoic acid, dihomo-γ-linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, or a combination thereof;wherein a concentration as occupied by the highly unsaturated fatty acids in the sum of fatty acids is at least 80 area %.2. The highly unsaturated fatty acid or highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester according to claim 1 , wherein an amount of a brominated flame retardant contained in the unsaturated fatty acid or the unsaturated fatty acid ester has been reduced to such a level that the amount of BDE-47 is less than 0.18 ng/g claim 1 , the amount of BDE-100 is less than 0.03 ng/g claim 1 , the amount of BDE-49 is less than 0.05 ng/g claim 1 , or ...

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Номер записи: 96
31-03-2022 дата публикации

A Process For The Preparation Of Platform Chemicals From Sugar Using Acid Catalyst

Номер: US20220098140A1
Автор: Bokade Vijay, Niphadkar Prashant
Принадлежит: COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH

A process is provided for the preparation of value added chemicals such as ethyl levulinate from a glucose or other sugars, catalyzed by a mixture of a Lewis acid catalyst and a Bronsted acid catalyst. 19-. (canceled)10. A one-step process for converting sugars to platform chemicals , the one-step process comprising:reacting a sugar with a physical mixture of a Lewis acid catalyst and a Bronsted acid catalyst at a temperature from 100° C. to 2000° C. for 0.5 h to 7 h in an alcohol to obtain the platform chemicals with a reaction yield from 60% to 85%.11. The one-step process of claim 10 , wherein the sugar is selected from the group consisting of glucose claim 10 , galactose claim 10 , fructose claim 10 , xylose claim 10 , sucrose claim 10 , lactose claim 10 , maltose claim 10 , trehalose claim 10 , sorbitol claim 10 , mannitol claim 10 , and combinations thereof.12. The one-step process of claim 10 , wherein the platform chemicals are selected from the group consisting of ethyl levulinate claim 10 , methyl levulinate claim 10 , 5-HMF claim 10 , levulinic acid claim 10 , gamma-valerolactone claim 10 , 5-hydroalkyl furfural claim 10 , 5-ethoxymethyl furfural claim 10 , ethyl lactate claim 10 , 5-methoxymethyl furfural claim 10 , methyl lactate claim 10 , butyl levulinate claim 10 , propyl levulinate claim 10 , hexyl levulinate claim 10 , octyl levulinate claim 10 , butyl lactate claim 10 , propyl lactate claim 10 , hexyl lactate claim 10 , octyl lactate claim 10 , butyl furfural claim 10 , propyl furfural claim 10 , hexyl furfural claim 10 , and octyl furfural.13. The one-step process of claim 10 , wherein the sugar is loaded at from 30 g/L to 83 g/L and the physical mixture of Lewis acid catalyst and Bronsted acid catalyst is loaded at 30% to 100% with respect to the sugar loading.14. The one-step process of claim 10 , wherein the Lewis acid catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Sn-beta claim 10 , TiO claim 10 , ZrO claim 10 , and SnO.15. The one-step ...

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Номер записи: 97
12-03-2020 дата публикации

Menaquinol Compositions and Methods of Treatment

Номер: US20200079718A1
Автор: Drouet Keith E., Tumlin James A.
Принадлежит: Epizon Pharma, Inc.

The present application discloses methods for the efficient preparation of high purity compounds of the Formula I, and their methods of use. 23.-. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal catalyst is a nickel(0) catalyst.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the nickel(0) catalyst is (PhP)Ni(0).610.-. (canceled)11. (canceled)13. The compound of of the Formula I claim 12 , wherein:{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 15;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 16;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 17;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 18;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 20;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 21;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 22;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 23;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 24;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 25;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 26;'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 27; and'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'Rand Rare both the residue 28.'}14. The compound of of the Formula I claim 12 , wherein:{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 15; Ris H and Ris the residue 15;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 16; Ris H and Ris the residue 6;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 17; Ris H and Ris the residue 17;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 11; Ris H and Ris the residue 18;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 20; Ris H and Ris the residue 20;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 21; Ris H and Ris the residue 21;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 22; Ris H and Ris the residue 22;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 23; Ris H and Ris the residue 2;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 2; Ris H and Ris the residue 4;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H and Ris the residue 25; Ris H and Ris the residue 25;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '2', '1, 'Ris H ...

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Номер записи: 98
12-03-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING (METH)ACRYLIC ESTERS

Номер: US20200079722A1
Автор: DUBUT Fanny, ESCH Marc, GRAIRE Coralie, RIFLADE Benoit
Принадлежит:

This invention relates to a process for the continuous production of a (meth)acrylic ester by transesterification reaction between a C1-C4 light alkyl (meth)acrylate, with a heavy alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, characterised in that the flows feeding the reactor are introduced through a static mixer placed on a recirculation loop of the reactor. The use of a static mixer improves the selectivity of the reaction and consequently the overall productivity of (meth)acrylic ester synthesis process. 1. A process for continuous production of a (meth)acrylic ester by transesterification reaction between a light alkyl (meth)acrylate selected from the group consisting of methyl (meth)acrylate and ethyl (meth)acrylate , with a heavy alcohol in the presence of a catalyst , wherein flows feeding the reactor are introduced through a static mixer which is a pipe element with propellers or baffles or other obstacle to increase turbulence , placed on a recirculation loop of reagents , catalyst and recycled flows upstream of the reactor.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the static mixer is placed upstream of the reactor reboiler.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the static mixer is placed downstream of the reactor reboiler.4. The process according to wherein the heavy alcohol is a linear or branched claim 1 , primary or secondary alcohol comprising between 4 and 12 carbon atoms claim 1 , optionally comprising at least one nitrogen atom.5. The process according to wherein the heavy alcohol is an amino alcohol of formula (II):{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '3, 'HO-A-N(R′)(R′) \u2003\u2003(II)'}wherein{'sub': 1', '5, 'A is an alkylene radical, linear or branched, in C-C'}{'sub': 2', '3', '1', '4, 'R′and R′, which are identical or different from one another, each representing a C-Calkyl radical.'}6. The process according to wherein the heavy alcohol is N claim 1 ,N-dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N-diethylaminoethanol claim 1 , or N claim 1 ,N- ...

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Номер записи: 99
02-04-2015 дата публикации

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM WATER BY TUNING THE PHOTONIC BAND GAP WITH THE ELECTRONIC BAND GAP OF A PHOTOACTIVE MATERIAL

Номер: US20150090937A1
Автор: AL-OUFI Maher, IDRISS Hicham, WAHAB Ahmed Khaja, WATERHOUSE Geoff
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a photocatalyst, and methods for its use, that includes a photoactive material comprising a photonic band gap and an electronic band gap, wherein the photonic band gap at least partially overlaps with the electronic band gap, and an electrically conductive material deposited on the photoactive material. 1. A photocatalyst comprising:a photoactive material comprising a photonic band gap and an electronic band gap, wherein the photonic band gap at least partially overlaps with the electronic band gap; andan electrically conductive material deposited on the photoactive material.2. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein the photoactive material has an inverse opal structure.3. The photocatalyst of claim 2 , wherein the photoactive material comprises titanium dioxide.4. The photocatalyst of claim 3 , wherein the titanium dioxide comprises a mixture of anatase and rutile.5. The photocatalyst of claim 4 , wherein the titanium dioxide comprises at least 80 wt. % of anatase.6. The photocatalyst of claim 5 , wherein the titanium dioxide comprises about 82.8 wt. % to 90.2 wt. % anatase and 17.2 wt. % to 9.8 wt. % rutile.7. The photocatalyst of claim 5 , wherein the photonic band gap ranges from 350 nm to 420 nm and the electronic band gap ranges from 360 to 430 nm.8. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive material comprises a metal.9. The photocatalyst of claim 8 , wherein the metal is gold claim 8 , ruthenium claim 8 , rhenium claim 8 , rhodium claim 8 , palladium claim 8 , silver claim 8 , osmium claim 8 , iridium claim 8 , platinum claim 8 , or combinations thereof.10. The photocatalyst of claim 9 , wherein the metal is gold or palladium or a combination thereof.11. The photocatalyst of claim 10 , wherein the palladium is deposited on the photoactive material and on the gold.12. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein the photocatalyst is in particulate or powdered form.13. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein the electrically ...

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Номер записи: 100