PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING C5+ HYDROCARBONS IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST PREPARED USING AT LEAST ONE CYCLIC OLIGOSACCHARIDE

C5+ hydrocarbon synthesis by contracting a synthesis gas with a catalyst naming at least one metal from group VIII deposited on a support formed by at least one oxide, said catalyst being prepared using a process of at least: 1. A process for synthesizing essentially linear , saturated C5+ hydrocarbons , consisting of bringing a feed comprising synthesis gas into contact with at least one catalyst the active phase of which comprises at least one metal from group VIII deposited on a support formed by at least one oxide , said catalyst being prepared using a process comprising at least:i) at least one step for bringing at least said support into contact with at least one solution containing at least one precursor of said metal from group VIII;ii) at least one step for bringing at least said support into contact with at least one organic compound formed from at least one cyclic oligosaccharide composed of at least 6 α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits;iii) at least one calcining step to obtain at least said metal from group VIII in the oxide form;the steps i) and ii) possibly being carried out separately, in any order, or simultaneously.2. A hydrocarbon synthesis process according to claim 1 , in which said active phase comprises cobalt.3. A hydrocarbon synthesis process according to claim 1 , in which said active phase comprises at least one additional metal selected from platinum claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , rhenium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , manganese and tantalum.4. A hydrocarbon synthesis process according to claim 1 , in which said catalyst contains crystallites of oxide of said metal from group VIII with a mean diameter of at least 6 nm.5. A hydrocarbon synthesis process according to claim 1 , in which said support is formed by at least one simple oxide selected from alumina (AlO) claim 1 , silica (SiO) claim 1 , titanium oxide (TiO) claim 1 , cerine (CeO) and zirconia (ZrO).6. A hydrocarbon synthesis process according to claim 1 , in which said support is ...

FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYSTS

A method of producing an aluminium oxide supported catalyst for use in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, which comprises: spray-drying a slurry of γ-alumina and a source of a spinel forming metal to form a solid precursor material; calcining the precursor material to form a modified support material including a metal aluminate spinel; impregnating the modified alumina support material with a source of cobalt; calcining the impregnated support material, and activating the catalyst. 1. A method of producing a modified aluminium oxide supported catalyst , the method comprising the steps of:forming a slurry by mixing aluminium oxide, a metal compound capable of forming a spinel phase, and a soluble compound of trivalent aluminium;a solid material from the slurry into a solid precursor material;calcining the precursor material at a temperature of at least 700° C. to produce a modified aluminium oxide support material including a metal aluminate spinel phase compound formed by the metal capable of forming a spinel phase and the aluminium oxide;impregnating the modified aluminium oxide support material with a source of catalytically active metal to form an impregnated modified aluminium oxide support material; andcalcining the impregnated modified aluminium oxide support material at a temperature of at least 150° C. to produce the modified aluminium oxide supported catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminium oxide is selected from the group consisting of gamma alumina claim 1 , delta alumina claim 1 , theta alumina claim 1 , eta alumina claim 1 , rho alumina claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aluminium oxide predominantly comprises gamma alumina.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the gamma alumina is prepared by heating boehmite alumina at a temperature sufficient to convert boehmite alumina to gamma alumina.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the boehmite alumina is heated to a temperature in the range of 400° C. to 700° ...

CATALYST USEFUL IN FISHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS

The present invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising cobalt manganese oxide which is modified with lanthanum and/or phosphorus and optionally one or more basic elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and transition metal. Furthermore, a method for preparing said catalyst composition and a process for producing aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using said catalyst composition is provided. 1. A catalyst composition comprising:cobalt; manganese; and at least one element selected from the group of lanthanum and phosphorus, {'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'x, 'CoMnLaPMO'}, 'wherein the relative molar ratios of the elements comprised in the composition are represented by the formula'} M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and transition metal;', 'a is about 0.8-1.2;', 'b and/or c is greater than 0 to about 0.005;', 'd is 0 to about 0.005; and', 'x is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other elements present., 'wherein2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of sodium (Na) claim 1 , potassium (K) claim 1 , rubidium (Rb) claim 1 , caesium (Cs) claim 1 , magnesium (Mg) claim 1 , calcium (Ca) claim 1 , strontium (Sr) claim 1 , barium (Ba) claim 1 , titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr).3. The catalyst composition according to claim 1 , comprising cobalt; manganese; lanthanum; and phosphorus claim 1 , wherein:b is greater than 0 to about 0.005; andc is greater than 0 to about 0.005.4. The catalyst composition according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composition further comprises a binder selected from the group consisting of silica claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , titania claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , carbon and zeolite.5. A method for preparing the catalyst composition claims 1 , comprising:(a) preparing a solution of cobalt- and manganese-comprising salts to form a ...

FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS

A process () to produce Fischer-Tropsch products includes feeding feed synthesis gas () with a substantially constant target feed synthesis gas H/CO ratio to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage (). A portion of the feed synthesis gas () is converted to Fischer-Tropsch products in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage (). The Fischer-Tropsch products () from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage () are withdrawn. A Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage tail gas () which includes unconverted Hand CO is obtained. The operating conditions of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage () are manipulated to achieve a substantially constant target tail gas H/CO ratio, with the target tail gas H/CO ratio being substantially different from the target feed synthesis gas H/CO ratio. 1. A process to produce Fischer-Tropsch products , the process including{'sub': '2', 'feeding feed synthesis gas with a substantially constant target feed synthesis gas H/CO ratio to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage;'}converting a portion of said feed synthesis gas to Fischer-Tropsch products in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage;withdrawing said Fischer-Tropsch products from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage;{'sub': '2', 'obtaining a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage tail gas which includes unconverted Hand CO; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'manipulating operating conditions of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage to achieve a substantially constant target tail gas H/CO ratio, said target tail gas H/CO ratio being substantially different from the target feed synthesis gas H/CO ratio.'}2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , in which the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage is a non-shifting Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage employing a cobalt-based catalyst.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , which includes recycling a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage tail gas which includes unconverted Hand CO to the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage and in which the feed synthesis gas is thus a combination of fresh synthesis ...

PROCESS

A process for producing a methane-containing gas mixture includes the steps of: 112-. (canceled)13. A process for producing a methane-containing gas mixture comprising the steps of:(i) passing a first feed gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide through a bed of methanation catalyst to react a portion of the hydrogen with at least a portion of the carbon dioxide and form a methane-containing gas mixture containing residual hydrogen,(ii) adding an oxygen-containing gas to the methane-containing gas mixture containing residual hydrogen to form a second feed gas mixture, and(iii) passing the second feed gas mixture through a bed of a selective oxidation catalyst at an inlet temperature in the range 150 to 350° C. to selectively react the residual hydrogen and oxygen to form a hydrogen depleted methane-containing gas mixture.14. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the hydrogen concentration in the first feed gas mixture is ≦20% by volume.15. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the first feed gas mixture is a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen claim 13 , carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.16. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the first feed gas mixture is a prepared by mixing a hydrogen-containing gas mixture with a carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture.17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the hydrogen-containing gas mixture is a methane-containing gas mixture.18. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the first feed gas mixture or hydrogen-containing gas mixture and/or the carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture are subjected to a desulphurisation step prior to the methanation step.19. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the methanation catalyst is a ruthenium- or nickel-containing methanation catalyst.20. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the methanation catalyst is operated at an inlet temperature in the range 200 to 350° C.21. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the temperature of the methane ...

Process for Producing Ethylene and Propylene from Syngas

The present invention relates to a process for producing ethylene and propylene from syngas, the process comprising the steps of a) contacting syngas () with a first catalyst composition to obtain a first product stream () comprising ethylene, propylene and aliphatic hydrocarbons having 4 or more carbon atoms, b) splitting the first product stream () into a second product stream () comprising at least 90% of said aliphatic hydrocarbons having 4 or more carbon atoms and a third product stream () comprising ethylene and propylene, c) separating ethylene and propylene in the third product stream so as to form a first ethylene stream () and a first propylene stream () and d) converting the second product stream () into a fourth product stream () comprising ethylene and/or propylene. 1. A process for producing ethylene and propylene from syngas , the process comprising the steps of{'b': 2', '3, 'a) contacting syngas () with a first catalyst composition to obtain a first product stream () comprising ethylene, propylene and aliphatic hydrocarbons having 4 or more carbon atoms,'}{'b': '3', 'claim-text': [{'b': '5', 'a second product stream () comprising at least 90% of said aliphatic hydrocarbons having 4 or more carbon atoms and'}, {'b': '4', 'a third product stream () comprising ethylene and propylene,'}], 'b) splitting the first product stream () into'}{'b': 17', '16, 'c) separating ethylene and propylene in the third product stream so as to form a first ethylene stream () and a first propylene stream () and'}{'b': 5', '8, 'd) converting the second product stream () into a fourth product stream () comprising ethylene and/or propylene.'}283. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fourth product stream () comprising ethylene and/or propylene is mixed with the first product stream ().3. The process according to or claim 1 , wherein the first product stream and the third product stream further comprise methane claim 1 , ethane and propane and wherein step c) ...

CATALYTIC PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF A SYNTHESIS GAS TO HYDROCARBONS

Catalytic process for the partial conversion of a gaseous mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen into a mixture of hydrocarbons, including bringing the said gaseous mixture into contact with a solid catalyst, the solid catalyst having a porous support with a composite material including SiC and a titanium carbide and/or a titanium oxide, and an active phase. The support is prepared in the form of grains, beads, or extrudates, or in the form of cylinders or sheets of cellular foam. 1. Process of at least partial catalytic conversion of a gaseous mixture containing CO and H2 in a mixture of hydrocarbons , comprising a step of placing said gaseous mixture in contact with a solid catalyst , said solid catalyst comprising:a porous support comprising a composite material comprising SiC and a titanium carbide (composite called “SiC/TiC”) and/or a titanium oxide (composite called “SiC/TiO2”), andan active phase.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said composite material has been prepared by a method including the preparation of a mixture comprising at least one silicon source claim 1 , at least one carbon source and at least one titanium source and optionally binders and forming agents claim 1 , this preparation being followed by at least one heat treatment that is intended to transform said silicon source at least partially into silicon carbide and at least part of said titanium source into titanium carbide claim 1 , said heat treatment preferably being at least partially performed at a temperature of between 1200° C. and 1450° C.3. Process according to claim 2 , wherein said method for preparing said composite material also includes a step of additional oxidation at a temperature of at least 350° C. claim 2 , and preferably at least 400° C. claim 2 , in order to partially or totally transform the titanium carbide into titanium dioxide.4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the content of active phase with respect to the total mass of said porous support ...

HYBRID FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYSTS AND PROCESSES FOR USE

Disclosed are hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts containing cobalt and ZSM-48 zeolite. The hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts can contain cobalt deposited on ZSM-48 extrudate supports. Alternatively, the Fischer-Tropsch catalysts can contain cobalt deposited on supports mixed with ZSM-48 particles. It has surprisingly been found that the use of hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts containing ZSM-48 zeolite in synthesis gas conversion reactions results in improved C productivity and catalyst activity, as well as a desirable product distribution including low formation of methane and C. 1. A method of performing a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis gas conversion reaction , the method comprising:{'sub': 21+', '5+', '5+', '5+', 'cat, 'a. contacting a hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising a Fischer-Tropsch metal component selected from cobalt, iron and ruthenium and a ZSM-48 zeolite component with synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide of from 1 to 3 at a temperature of from 180 to 280° C. and a pressure of from 5 to 30 atmospheres to yield a hydrocarbon product containing less than 8 weight % C and at least 60 weight % C at a C productivity of at least 0.25 mLC/g/h.'}2. A method of performing a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis gas conversion reaction , the method comprising:{'sub': 21+', '5+', '5+, 'a. contacting a hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising a Fischer-Tropsch metal component selected from cobalt, iron and ruthenium and a ZSM-48 zeolite component with synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide of from 1 to 3 at a temperature of from 180 to 280° C. and a pressure of from 5 to 30 atmospheres to yield a hydrocarbon product containing less than 8 weight % C and at least 60 weight % C at a C productivity of at least 50% greater than an equivalent hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst containing ZSM-5 zeolite rather than ZSM-48.'}3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the C ...

Modified Fischer-Tropsch Monolith Catalysts and Methods For Preparation and Use Thereof

Disclosed are hybrid synthesis gas conversion catalysts containing at least one Fischer-Tropsch component and at least one acidic component deposited on a monolith catalyst support for use in synthesis gas conversion processes and methods for preparing the catalysts. Also disclosed are synthesis gas conversion processes in which the hybrid synthesis gas conversion catalysts are contacted with synthesis gas to produce a hydrocarbon product containing at least 50 wt % Chydrocarbons. Also disclosed are synthesis gas conversion processes in which at least one layer of Fischer-Tropsch component deposited onto a monolith support is alternated with at least one layer of acidic component in a fixed bed reactor. 1. A hybrid Fischer-Tropsch monolith catalyst comprising:a. a monolithic support; andb. at least one catalyst layer comprising a synthesis gas conversion component and an acidic component deposited on the monolithic support.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , further comprising an interfacial layer deposited on the monolithic support between the monolithic support and the at least one catalyst layer.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the monolithic support comprises a ceramic material.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the monolithic support comprises a metallic material.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the at least one catalyst layer comprises a layer of synthesis gas conversion component deposited onto the monolithic support and a layer of acidic component deposited onto the layer of synthesis gas conversion component.6. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the at least one catalyst layer comprises a layer of acidic component deposited onto the monolithic support and a layer of synthesis gas conversion component deposited onto the layer of acidic component.7. The catalyst of or claim 1 , wherein the layer of synthesis gas conversion component contains between about 10 and about 100 mg synthesis gas conversion component per gram of monolithic support and the layer of ...

PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR SYNTHESIS GAS CONVERSION USING A HYBRID FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST IN A COMPACT HEAT EXCHANGE REACTOR

Disclosed are a process and a system for synthesis gas conversion. The process includes contacting a synthesis gas feed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide having a H/CO ratio from 0.5 to 3.0 with a hybrid catalyst of particles having a particle size from 50 to 500 μm and having at least one zeolite and a Fischer-Tropsch component wherein the ratio of zeolite to Fischer-Tropsch component is from 0.1:1 to 30:1 and the hybrid catalyst includes from 0.5 to 40 wt % Fischer-Tropsch component. The process is conducted in a compact heat exchange reactor having a set of reaction passages disposed between a synthesis gas feed header and a products header and a set of coolant passages disposed between a coolant inlet header and a coolant outlet header. The set of coolant passages conducts a coolant therethrough, and the set of reaction passages contains the hybrid catalyst therein and conducts synthesis gas and reaction products therethrough. The process is conducted at a temperature from 200 to 2800° C., a pressure from 5 to 40 atmospheres, a recycle ratio from 1 to 3, and a gaseous hourly space velocity less than 20,000 volumes of gas per volume of catalyst per hour. The effluent produced includes a hydrocarbon product containing at least 50 wt % C hydrocarbons and less than 5 wt % Chydrocarbons at a C productivity from 0.05 to 2 g/g/h. 1. A process for synthesis gas conversion comprising:{'sub': '2', 'contacting a synthesis gas feed comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide having a H/CO ratio from 0.5 to 3.0 with a hybrid catalyst comprising particles having a particle size from 50 to 500 μm and comprising at least one zeolite and a Fischer-Tropsch component wherein the ratio of zeolite to Fischer-Tropsch component is from 0.1:1 to 30:1 and the hybrid catalyst comprises from 0.5 to 40 wt % Fischer-Tropsch component;'}in a compact heat exchange reactor comprising a set of reaction passages disposed between a synthesis gas feed header and a products header; and a set of coolant ...

Process using iron-thallium catalysts in CO hydrogenation

CO hydrogenation process is described utilizing novel thallium-promoted iron catalysts. Mixtures of CO/H 2 are selectively converted to liquid C 6 -C 11 hydrocarbons containing C 6 -C 11 aromatics, alpha olefins and very small amounts of C 23 + hydrocarbon waxes.

Method for alpha-olefin trimerization

The invention concerns a method for α-olefin trimerization comprising a number of carbon atoms not less than 3, by transforming an α-olefin or a hydrocarbon mixture containing α-olefins, at temperatures ranging between 0 and 150° C. and pressures ranging between 1 and 200 bars, in the presence of a catalyst. Said method uses a catalyst capable of being produced from: a) a compound of formula RMX3, wherein: R represents a cyclopentadienyl group whereof the hydrogen atoms can be partly or entirely substituted by identical or different alkyl groups and/or aryl groups, two substituents being capable of further forming a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain; M represents a titanium, zirconium or hafnium atom; and the groups X represent independently of one another extractable counter-ions; and b) at least an activating adjuvant. The invention further concerns the resulting trimers, alkanes capable of being produced with said trimers by hydrogenation, oxo-alcohols capable of being produced from said trimers, plasticizers and surfactants capable of being produced from said oxo-alcohols, as well as lubricants and fuel additives containing said trimers and/or said alkanes.

Catalysts and catalysts precursors suitable for hydrocarbon synthesis

Conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbon mixtures utilizing a dual catalyst bed

A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is passed in contact over a first catalyst bed comprising an iron or cobalt containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in combination with a crystalline aluminosilicate of the class of crystalline zeolite represented by ZSM-5 so as to obtain a liquid hydrocarbon product having a boiling range of less than 400° F. at a 90% overhead and being a predominantly olefinic product. The total products from said contact including said liquid hydrocarbon product are then converted over a second catalyst bed containing HZSM-5 to obtain a highly aromatic product, i.e., greater than 20 weight percent.

Catalysts for conversion of syngas to liquid motor fuels

Synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen is converted to C 5 + hydrocarbons suitable for use as liquid motor fuels by contact with a dual catalyst composition capable of ensuring the production of only relatively minor amounts of heavy products boiling beyond the diesel oil range. The catalyst composition, having desirable stability during continuous production operation, employs a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, together with a co-catalyst/support component. The latter component is a steam-stabilized zeolite Y catalyst of hydrophobic character, desirably in acid-extracted form.

Catalytic process for the production of hydrocarbons

Single-stage catalytic conversion of a gas mixture, having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide greater than 1,9, to hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel range, is achieved using three catalysts in admixture. The first is a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst with catalytic activity for the conversion of H2 and CO into hydrocarbons. The second is a methanol conversion catalyst with catalytic activity for the conversion of methanol into hydrocarbons, such as a crystalline alluminosilicate zeolite or crystalline silicate. Finally, the third is a methanol synthesis catalyst with catalytic activity for both the water-gas shift reaction and methanol synthesis. This combination of catalysts provides high carbon conversion of CO to hydrocarbons, and a high yield of liquid products.

Catalytic composition useful in the Fischer Tropsch reaction

Process of synthesis gas conversion to liquid hydrocarbon mixtures using synthesis gas conversion catalyst and hydroisomerization catalyst

A process is disclosed for converting synthesis gas to a liquid hydrocarbon mixture useful as distillate fuel and/or lube base oil which is substantially free of solid wax. A synthesis gas feed is contacted with a synthesis gas conversion catalyst in an upstream bed and a hydroisomerization catalyst containing a metal promoter and an acidic component in a downstream bed within a single reactor at essentially common reaction conditions. A Fischer-Tropsch wax is formed over the synthesis gas conversion catalyst and said wax is subsequently hydroisomerized over the hydroisomerization catalyst, thereby resulting in a liquid hydrocarbon mixture having a desirable product distribution.

Process for producing C2 -C4 hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen

Hydrocarbons of two to four carbon atoms are prepared by an improved Fischer-Tropsch process, the improvement comprising the use of a catalyst comprising:

Process for producing olefins from carbon monoxide and hydrogen

Olefins of two to four carbon atoms are prepared by an improved Fischer-Tropsch process, the improvement comprising the use of a catalyst having a surface area less than about 100 m 2 /g and consisting essentially of: (1) at least one material selected from the group consisting of the sulfide, oxide or metal of Mo, W, Re, Ru, Ni, Pd, Rh, Os, Ir and Pt; (2) at least one material selected from the group consisting of the hydroxide, oxicde or salt of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Th; and (3) optionally, a support.

Production of alkanes from mixtures of CO and H2

Substantially C 2 + alkane hydrocarbons are produced from mixtures of CO and H 2 by contacting same, at elevated temperature, with a catalyst comprising a mixture of iron carbide and ilmenite supported on titania wherein the ratio of the iron present in said supported iron carbide and ilmenite, calculated as Fe 2 O 3 , to the surface area of the titania support ranges from about 2×10 -3 to 25×10 -3 grams per square meter.

Catalytic composition useful in the Fischer-Tropsch reaction

Catalytic composition comprising a larger quantity of Cobalt, in metal form or in the form of a derivative, and smaller quantities of Ruthenium and Tantalum, in metal form or in the form of a derivative, the above elements being dispersed on a carrier selected from the oxides of at least one of the elements selected from Si, Ti, Al, Zn, Sn, Mg.

Process for preparing aromatics-rich hydrocarbons from synthesis gas

PROCESS FOR PREPARING AROMATICS-RICH HYDROCARBONS FROM SYNTHESIS GAS ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A process for preparing a hydrocarbon mixture, rich in aromatic hydrocarbons, is disclosed in which a mixed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, that is, the so-called "synthesis gas", is subjected to a catalytic reaction with a mixed catalyst comprising a physical mixture of (1) a palladium catalyst comprising palladium supported on a carrier and (2) a zeolite catalyst, thereby to produce an aromatics-rich hydrocarbon mixture.

Werkwijze voor de bereiding van ijzer-chroom katalysatoren alsmede de toepassing daarvan voor de bereiding van koolwaterstoffen.

Liquid hydrocarbon synthesis using supported ruthenium catalysts

Selective production of C 5 -C 40 hydrocarbons containing C 5 -C 20 hydrocarbons having a high paraffins content, i.e., for producing gasoline and diesel fuel and useful as a chemical feedstock, is achieved by contacting H 2 /CO mixtures with supported ruthenium catalysts under conditions including elevated temperature and ratios of gas hourly space velocity/pressure below about 24,000 v/v/hr/MPaA to effect percent CO conversions at least about 20%. The ruthenium catalyst support contains a titanium oxide, niobium oxide, vanadium oxide or tantalum oxide and C 5 -C 40 hydrocarbons can be selectively obtained in about 60-90 weight percent of total hydrocarbon products.

Process for production of hydrocarbons

A process for converting synthesis gas composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to hydrocarbons. The process includes the step of contacting at reaction conditions a synthesis gas feed to a catalyst which includes cobalt in catalytically active amounts up to about 60 wt % of the catalyst and rhenium in catalytically active amounts of about 0.5 to 50 wt % of the cobalt content of the catalyst supported on alumina. A metal oxide promoter may be added.

Water addition for increased CO/H2 hydrocarbon synthesis activity over catalysts comprising cobalt, ruthenium and mixtures thereof which may include a promoter metal

The addition of water into a Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis reaction zone employing passing a CO and H 2 feed mixture over a catalyst comprising cobalt, ruthenium and mixtures thereof preferably on a titania support and which may include a promoter metal, that results in 90% CO conversion to hydrocarbons and increased C 5 + hydrocarbon selectivity, along with a decrease in methane production.

Processes and palladium-promoted catalysts for conducting Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

A process for hydrocarbon synthesis comprising the step of reacting a synthesis gas in the presence of a cobalt catalyst promoted with palladium.

Supported catalyst for hydrocarbon synthesis

A catalyst for converting synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, into a mixture of predominately paraffinic hydrocarbons. The catalyst includes catalytically active amounts of cobalt and a loading-insensitive second metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, iridium, rhodium and mixtures thereof, composited on an aluminia support. The finished catalyst exhibits a positive x-ray diffraction pattern. A metal oxide promoter may also be added.

Catalyst for production of hydrocarbons

A catalyst for converting synthesis gas composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to hydrocarbons. The catalyst includes cobalt in catalytically active amounts up to about 60 wt % of the catalyst, rhenium in amounts of about 0.5 to 50 wt % of the cobalt content of the catalyst and an alkali in amounts ranging from about 0.5 to 5 atom percent of the cobalt content of the catalyst, supported on alumina. A metal oxide promoter may be added.

Catalyst for production of hydrocarbons

A catalyst for converting synthesis gas composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to hydrocarbons. The catalyst includes cobalt in catalytically active amounts up to about 60 wt % of the catalyst and rhenium in catalytically active amounts of about 0.5 to 50 wt % of the cobalt content of the catalyst supported on alumina. A metal oxide promoter may be added.

Process for the preparation of a catalyst useful for the conversion of synthesis gas

Process for the preparation of a catalyst including an inert support, cobalt, ruthenium and a third element selected from scandium and yttrium, comprising at least the following steps: 1) Preparation of a first catalytic precursor (A) containing cobalt and the inert support: subsequent calcination, reduction and passivation; 2) Preparation of a second catalytic precursor (B) containing cobalt, ruthenium and the inert support, by means of the deposition of ruthenium on the first catalytic support (A): subsequent calcination, reduction and passivation 3) Preparation of the final catalyst by means of the deposition of an element selected from scandium and yttrium on the catalytic precursor (B); subsequent calcination, reduction and passivation.

Improvements in or relating to the treatment of hydrocarbons

535,813. Hydrocarbons. STEVENS, A. H. (Phillips Petroleum Co.). Aug. 11, 1939, No. 23212. Drawings to Specifications. [Class 2 (iii)] In the production of saturated hydrocarbons of higher molecular weight from paraffins of lower molecular weight the paraffins are converted to olefines by de-hydrogenation; the olefines are polymerized, the polymers are separated into fractions of higher and lower molecular weight, the higher fraction being depolymerized and passed to the previous polymerization step or to a previous separating step, and the lower fraction is hydrogenated with the hydrogen produced in the dehydrogenation step. The separation of the hydrogen from the dehydrogenation may be effected before or after the polymerization. The invention is described with reference to the conversion of paraffins of 2-5 carbon atoms to a product boiling in the gasoline range. Suitable catalysts for the dehydrogenation and hydrogenation steps are gels containing chrommium oxide with the addition of other oxides, an example being chromium aluminium and magnesium oxides in the molar ratio 6 : 3 : 1. In an example the dehydrogenation of a mixture of propane and butanes is effected at 475‹ C., the products being liquefied and then passed over an acid alumina gel containing some silica at 250‹ C. ; a 5 per cent. fraction of the polymers boiling in the gasoline range is hydrogenated as described above and the remaining 15 per cent. having a higher boiling- point is de-polymerized at 380‹ C. with a silicaalumina catalyst, yielding 25 per cent. of olefines suitable for adding to the polymerization step, and 36 per cent. of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range. A part of the hydrogen produced in the de-hydrogenation step may be removed from the system or additional hydrocarbon may be added at the hydrogenation stage.

Process for Preparing Highly Active Catalysts, the Catalysts Obtained and Their Use

适用于费－托方法的催化组合物

一种用于费－托过程的催化组合物,基本上由惰性载体、1—50%,优选为5—35%重量的钴和0.05—5%,优选为0.1—3%重量的钽组成。

Process for preparing gasoline range hydrocarbons from synthesis gas and catalyst used therefor

Synthesis gas is converted to a gasoline boiling range product high in branched chain paraffins and olefins utilizing a catalyst consisting essentially of (A) silicalite and (B) cobalt, preferably promoted with a Group IIIB or IVB metal oxide on an alumina support of gamma-alumina, eta-alumina or mixtures thereof.

Olefin purification process

Vinylidene olefin is removed from an olefin mixture containing about 1 to 55 mole percent vinylidene olefin, 0 to 20 mole percent internal olefin, and the balance vinyl olefin, by: (A) reacting the olefin mixture in the presence of a BF 3 -water and/or organic promoter catalyst system so as to selectively dimerize said vinylidene olefin, and (B) separating said vinyl olefin and internal olefin from the dimerized vinylidene olefin to produce an olefin product having a reduced vinylidene olefin content compared to said olefin mixture.

Method for alpha-olefin trimerization

The invention concerns a method for α-olefin trimerization comprising a number of carbon atoms not less than 3, by transforming an α-olefin or a hydrocarbon mixture containing α-olefins, at temperatures ranging between 0 and 150° C. and pressures ranging between 1 and 200 bars, in the presence of a catalyst. Said method uses a catalyst capable of being produced from: a) a compound of formula RMX3, wherein: R represents a cyclopentadienyl group whereof the hydrogen atoms can be partly or entirely substituted by identical or different alkyl groups and/or aryl groups, two substituents being capable of further forming a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain; M represents a titanium, zirconium or hafnium atom; and the groups X represent independently of one another extractable counter-ions; and b) at least an activating adjuvant. The invention further concerns the resulting trimers, alkanes capable of being produced with said trimers by hydrogenation, oxo-alcohols capable of being produced from said trimers, plasticizers and surfactants capable of being produced from said oxo-alcohols, as well as lubricants and fuel additives containing said trimers and/or said alkanes.

Method for alpha-olefin trimerization

本发明涉及一种通过使α-烯烃或含有α-烯烃的烃混合物在催化剂存在下于0-150℃和1-200巴下反应而三聚具有3个或更多个碳原子的α-烯烃的方法。所述方法使用可由如下组分获得的催化剂：a)化合物RMX 3 ，其中R是环戊二烯基，该基团的部分或所有氢原子可被相同或不同的烷基和/或芳基替代，其中2个取代基还可一起形成饱和或不饱和的烃链，M是钛、锆或铪，和基团X相互独立地是可夺取的反离子，以及b)至少一种活化添加剂。本发明还涉及所得到的三聚体，可通过氢化该三聚体得到的烷烃，可由该三聚体得到的羰基合成醇，可由该羰基合成醇得到的增塑剂和表面活性剂，以及含有该三聚体和/或该烷烃的润滑剂和燃料添加剂。

Catalyst for conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons and method for formation of the latter

FIELD: petrochemistry. SUBSTANCE: catalyst has in combination (percent) cobalt ranging from 3 to 60, 0.03 - 18.00 of rhenium the balance being aluminium oxide with the rhenium content in the catalyst accounting for 1-30% cobalt content. The catalyst can have additional alkali metal oxide at the rate of 0.5-5.0 percent of the cobalt content and/or 0.1-5.0 percent by weight oxides of metals selected from the group containing zirconium, vanadium and rare-earth metals. So as to form the catalyst its carrier is impregnated with salts of the mentioned metals accompanied by drying and calcination. Hydrocarbons are formed at the temperature ranging from 190 to 280 C with the pressure being 1-40 at and volume synthesis gas velocity varying from 100 to 10000 cm 3 /q cat/h at the 1:1 - 2.5:1 hydrogen-carbon oxide molar ratio on the catalyst of the above-mentioned formula. The process is conducted in suspending reactor with the preferable hydrogen-carbon oxide molar ratio ranging from 1.5:1 to 2.5:1. EFFECT: catalyst of increased activity and selectivity resulting in intensified formation of higher hydrocarbons. 10 tbl, 6 dwg ДЕС ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК ВИ "” 2017 517. 13) СЛ В 01 4 23/84, С 07 С 1104 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 4356964/04, 24.10.1988 (30) Приоритет: 23.10.1987 Ц$ 113095 (46) Дата публикации: 15.08.1994 (56) Ссылки: Ападегзоп К.В., "Тве Е7зспег-Тгорзсп Зупез1$", Асадепттс Ргез$, 1984, р.2.Рстег, "Аауапсез т Саёа!у$1$", мо|. М, Асадет!с Ргез$, М-|. 1952] сКама, спепщесп. чм,б.р. 74, 1982Саа!уз1$, М, 1956, р.29Патент США М 4088611, кл. С 0О7С 104, опублик.1978Патент США М 4595703, кл. С 07С 1/04, опублик.1986$./. ТаиЗег ефа!, Заепсе, - 211, 1121, 1981Патент США М 4568663, кл. В 01. 21/06, опублик.1986Патент СССР М 610558, кл. В 01} 23/84, 1976Патент США М 4605676, кл. С О7С 1/4, 1986 (71) Заявитель: Ден Норске Статс Ольесельскап А.С. (МО) (72) Изобретатель: Джемс Г. ...

Methods for Producing Fuels and Solvents

지방산 공급원으로부터 연료 및 용매의 제조 방법이 이에 기재된다. 또한, 여기에 기재된 방법에 의해 제조된 연료 및 용매가 이에 개시된다. Methods for the preparation of fuels and solvents from fatty acid sources are described herein. Fuel and solvents prepared by the processes described herein are also disclosed herein. 연료, 용매, 지방산 Fuel, Solvent, Fatty Acid

Application of a composition including mineral motor oil or industrial oil, suspension of nanomaterial (cnm) and surface-active substance (sas) for oil product marking, and method of product identity

FIELD: oil industry.SUBSTANCE: invention discloses the use of a composition comprising a mineral motor oil or industrial oil, a suspension of carbon nanomaterial (CNM), representing the "Taunit-M", and a surfactant (surfactant) for labeling petroleum products, that are fuels and lubricants.EFFECT: technical result consists in the use of a composition that provides for the labeling of a wide range of petroleum products, that are combustive-lubricating materials, and their identification while improving anti-wear properties, ensuring complete combustion of the fuel and eliminating the possibility of a fake substance.3 cl, 3 ex, 5 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 678 457 C2 (51) МПК C07C 9/00 (2006.01) C10L 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C07C 9/00 (2018.08); C10L 1/00 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017101639, 18.01.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 29.01.2019 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 19.07.2018 Бюл. № 20 (45) Опубликовано: 29.01.2019 Бюл. № 4 (54) Применение композиции, включающей минеральное моторное масло или индустриальное масло, суспензию наноматериала (УНМ) и поверхностно-активное вещество (ПАВ) для маркировки нефтепродукта, и способ идентификации продукта (57) Реферат: Изобретение раскрывает применение результат заключается в применение композиции, композиции, включающей минеральное моторное которая обеспечивает маркирование широкого масло или индустриальное масло, суспензию спектра нефтепродуктов, представляющих собой углеродного наноматериала (УНМ), горюче-смазочные материалы, и их представляющего собой «Таунит-М», и идентификацию при одновременном улучшении поверхностно-активное вещество (ПАВ) для противоизносных свойств, обеспечении полноты маркировки нефтепродуктов, представляющих сгорания топлива и исключении возможности собой горюче-смазочные материалы. Технический подделки вещества. 2 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил., 3 пр. R U 2 6 ...

Process for preparing olefins from synthesis gas using a cobalt and manganese containing catalyst

The invention relates to a process for preparing olefins from synthesis gas, wherein the synthesis gas is contacted with a catalyst which contains cobalt, manganese and a third element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and earth alkaline metals. Further, the invention relates to a process for preparing such catalyst, and to the catalyst so obtained.

Method of preparing saturated oligomers and motor fuel production process

FIELD: petrochemical processes. SUBSTANCE: method consists in oligomerization of light hydrocarbons into heavier olefins and saturation of heavy olefins utilizing recycling heavy paraffins into oligomerization zone. Selectivity of oligomerization process with regard to C8 products is thereby improved and pollution of catalyst is reduced. EFFECT: enabled operation of oligomerization zone at lower pressure. 10 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl, 6 ex Гэтуб6бгс пы сэ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ” 2194 691 ' 13) С2 57 МК” С 07С 5/02, 2/08, С 10 © 69/02, 69/12 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 98117623/04, 22.09.1998 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 22.09.1998 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.06.2000 (46) Дата публикации: 20.12.2002 (56) Ссылки: СВ 2186287 А1, 12.08.1987. МО 89/08090 АЛ, 07.11.1989. ЕК 2594138 АЛ, 14.08.1987. ЕК 2603895 АЛ, 18.03.1988. $Ц 1432910 АЛ, 21.08.1999. $4 1351912 АЛ, 15.11.1987. (98) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Е.В.Томской (71) Заявитель: ЮОП ЛЛС (45$) (72) Изобретатель: СТАЙН Лоренс О. (ЦЗ), МАЛДУН Брайан С. (4$), ДЖИМР Стивен С. (0$), ФРЕИМ Роберт Р. (1$) (73) Патентообладатель: ЮОП ЛЛС (43) (74) Патентный поверенный: Томская Елена Владимировна (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ НАСЫЩЕННЫХ ОЛИГОМЕРОВ И СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ МОТОРНОГО ТОПЛИВА (57) Способ получения насыщенных олигомеров заключается в олигомеризации легких олефинов до более тяжелых олефинов и насыщении тяжелых олефинов. При этом проводят рециркуляцию тяжелых парафинов в зону олигомеризации. Способ позволяет улучшить селективность процесса олигомеризации по отношению К С з-продуктам и снизить загрязненность катализатора. Вследствие этого зона олигомеризации работает при более низком давлении. 2 с. и 8 з.п.ф-лы, 1 ил., 2 табл. 2194691 С2 КО Гэтуб6бгс пы сэ КУЗЗАМ АСЕМСУ ГОК РАТЕМТ$ АМО ТКАОЕМАКК$ (19) (51) 1пЁ. С1.7 ВИ” 2194 691 ' 13) С2 С 07С 5/02, 2/08 ...

Fischer-tropsch process-suitable catalytic composition

FIELD: organic synthesis catalysts. SUBSTANCE: invention provides catalytic composition for synthesis of essentially linear saturated hydrocarbons from synthesis gas, which contains 1 to 50 wt % cobalt and 0.05 to 5 wt % tantalum on inert carrier, the two metals being present in the form of either metal or oxide. EFFECT: increased selectivity regarding C2 and higher hydrocarbons. 13 cl, 5 tbl, 14 ex ЗЕ 0сСсС ПЧ сэ (19) РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВИ” 2 207 188. (51) МПК? 13) С2 В 01 } 23/847, 23/75, 21/04, 21/06, 37/02, С 07 С 1104 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 99107565/04, 26.06.1998 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 26.06.1998 (30) Приоритет: 03.07.1997 1Т М!97АОО1574 (46) Дата публикации: 21.06.2003 (56) Ссылки: 4$ 4738948 АЛ, от 19.04.1988. КУ 2017517 СЛ, от 15.08.1994. 4$ 4206135 СЛ, от 03.06.1980. (85) Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 05.04.1999 (86) Заявка РСТ: ЕР 98/04035 (26.06.1998) (87) Публикация РСТ: М/О 99/01218 (14.01.1999) (98) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов Н.Г.Лебедевой, рег.№ 112 (71) Заявитель: АДЖИП ПЕТРОЛИ С.П.А. (1Т), ЭНИ С.П.А. (1), ЭНСТИТЮ ФРАНСЭ ДЮ ПЕТРОЛЬ (ЕК) (72) Изобретатель: ЗЕННАРО Роберто (1Т), _ ГУССО Андреа (1Т), ШОМЕТТ Патрик (ЕВ), РОИ Магали (ЕК) (73) Патентообладатель: АДЖИП ПЕТРОЛИ С.П.А. (1Т), ЭНИ С.П.А. (ПТ), ЭНСТИТЮ ФРАНСЭ ДЮ ПЕТРОЛЬ (ЕК) (74) Патентный поверенный: Лебедева Наталья Георгиевна (54) КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ, ПРИГОДНАЯ ДЛЯ СПОСОБА ФИШЕРА-ТРОПША (57) Изобретение относится к области производства каталитических композиций для синтеза Фишера-Гропша. Предложены каталитическая композиция для синтеза по существу линейных насыщенных углеводородов из синтез-газа, содержащая кобальт в количестве 1-50 мас.% и тантал в количестве 0,05-5 мас.% на инертном носителе, причем кобальт и тантал присутствуют в форме металла или в форме оксида, и способ ее ...

Improved manufacturing method of saturated oligomer

본 발명은 경질 올레핀을 중질 올레핀으로 올리고머화시킴으로써 포화 올리고머를 제조하는 방법으로서, 중질 올레핀의 포화는 중질 파라핀을 올리고머화 구역으로 재순환시킴으로써 개선된다. 중질 파라핀의 재순환은 C 8 파라핀 생성물에 대한 올리고머화의 선택도를 개선시키며 촉매 오염을 감소시킨다. 이러한 감소된 촉매 오염에 의하여 올리고머화 구역이 저압에서 작동될 수 있으며 이 올리고머화 구역을 경질 올레핀 흐름의 제조를 위한 탈수소화 구역과 통합시키는 것이 용이해진다. The present invention is a process for preparing saturated oligomers by oligomerizing light olefins into heavy olefins, wherein saturation of heavy olefins is improved by recycling heavy paraffins to the oligomerization zone. Recycling heavy paraffins improves the selectivity of oligomerization for C 8 paraffin products and reduces catalyst contamination. This reduced catalyst contamination allows the oligomerization zone to be operated at low pressure and facilitates integrating this oligomerization zone with the dehydrogenation zone for the production of light olefin streams.

Method of producing fuel and solvents

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention involves separation of one or more fatty acids from a fatty acid source, where content of fatty acids is higher than 90 wt % of free fatty acids. The free fatty acids are then heated, said free fatty acids being obtained either in an inert atmosphere without a decarboxylation catalyst or optionally in an inert atmosphere for conversion of all or essentially all free fatty acids to alkane, alkene or mixture thereof and carbon dioxide, wherein the heating step is carried out at temperature from 220°C to 650°C. EFFECT: production fuel of higher quality. 15 cl, 1 ex, 7 tbl, 60 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 458 972 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10L 1/04 (2006.01) C10G 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2009105075/05, 12.07.2007 (72) Автор(ы): БРЕССЛЕР Дэвид (CA) (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 12.07.2007 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ДЗЕ ГАВЕРНЭС ОФ ДЗЕ ЮНИВЕРСИТИ ОФ АЛЬБЕРТА (CA) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 14.07.2006 US 60/807,358 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.08.2010 Бюл. № 24 2 4 5 8 9 7 2 (45) Опубликовано: 20.08.2012 Бюл. № 23 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2004035714 А1, 29.04.2004. US 5917068 А, 29.06.1999. GB 175974 А, 18.06.1923. RU 2005109935 А, 27.08.2005. 2 4 5 8 9 7 2 R U (86) Заявка PCT: IB 2007/004187 (12.07.2007) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 16.02.2009 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2008/029301 (13.03.2008) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул.Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. А.В.Мицу, рег.№ 364 (54) СПОСОБЫ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТОПЛИВ И РАСТВОРИТЕЛЕЙ (57) Реферат: Группа изобретений относится к вариантам способа получения топлива или растворителя из источника жирных кислот. Способ включает выделение одной или более жирных кислот из источника жирных кислот, где содержание жирных кислот ...

Improved process for the catalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen

A catalyst comprising nickel chromite, used in the production of hydrocarbons containing more than one carbon atom per molecule from carbon monoxide (see Group IV) and hydrogen, is prepared by adding a solution of ammonium dichromate in water and ammonium hydroxide to an aqueous solution of nickel nitrate maintained at about 165 DEG F., the resultant precipitate being filtered, dried at 300 DEG F. and then calcined at 700 DEG F. Other nickel salts, e.g., the chloride, carbonate and sulphate may be employed. In the latter case any sulphate ions present in the catalyst should be removed. Chromic acid and ammonium hydroxide, ammonium chromate, or sodium and potassium chromates and dichromates may be employed instead of the ammonium dichromate. The nickel chromite may be pelleted or employed on a suitable carrier such as silica gel, alumina gel, diatomaceous earth, kieselguhr, activated charcoal and for this purpose the catalyst may be precipitated within the carrier and the catalyst impregnated carrier then calcined. The nickel chromite may also be coated on the carrier and calcined and reduced as a coating on the carrier. The catalyst either alone or on a porous or gelatinous carrier may be used in fluid operation. In two examples the catalyst employed in the reaction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen is prepared by reducing the nickel chromite obtained as above with a large excess of hydrogen at temperatures of 760 DEG F. and 750 DEG F. respectively. The nickel chromite reduced by hydrogen comprises a catalytic mixture of metallic nickel and chromium.ALSO:Hydrocarbons containing more than one carbon atom per molecule are produced by reacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures of 300-450 DEG F. and at atmospheric or elevated pressures in the presence of a catalyst comprising nickel chromite and/or a mixture of metallic nickel and chromium obtained by reducing nickel chromite with hydrogen. The catalyst may be prepared (see Group III) by adding a solution of ...

Catalyst composition

Supported catalyst for hydrocarbon synthesis

本发明公开了用于合成气转化成烃的催化剂，该催化剂田载在氧化铝载体上的5-60%(重量)的钴，占钴含量0.1-5%(重量)的至少一种选自铂、铱、铑的第二金属和0.1-5%(重量)的混合稀土组成，得到的成品催化剂在2θ为65-70度范围内有-X-射线衍射峰(θ为折射角)。

Methods for producing fuels and solvents

Described herein are methods for producing fuels and solvents from fatty acid resources. In general, the pyrolysis products of fatty acids are extracted in order to remove residual fatty acids and produce very pure hydrocarbon compositions composed of alkanes and alkenes. The fatty acids removed from the extraction step can be further pyrolyzed to produce additional hydrocarbons or, in the alternative, the fatty acids can be isolated and used in other applications. Also disclosed herein are fuels and solvents produced by the methods described herein.

Catalyst for synthesis of liquid hydrocarbons from cardon monoxide and hydrogen

Изобретение позвол ет повысить активность катализатора. Дл  этого используют носитель состава, мас.% кобальт 5-15, цирконий силикат 85-95, при содержании в последнем, мас.%: оксид циркони  1- 10; оксид натри  0,05-0,4; и оксид кремни  - остальное. Катализатор позвол ет повысить выход жидких углеводородов на граммкобальта при более простой схеме приготовлени  катализатора, так как исключаетс  стади  нанесени  на носитель оксида циркони , сушка и прокаливание 2 табл. по NaOH 1,4 кг-экв/м3 и модулем 2,7 смешивают в смесителе с образованием цирко- нийсиликатного гидрозол , который коагулируют при 5°С и рН 7,8 в гидрогель шариковой формы в слое минерального масла. Затем гидрогель подвергают си- нерезису при 20°С в течение 24 ч и обрабатывают водным раствором сульфата аммони  концентрации 20 кг/м3 при 20°С в течение 36 ч, промывают конденсатной водой при 20°С-в течение 24 ч от сульфат- ионов при 110°С и прокаливают при 450°С в течение 24 ч, Полученный цирконийсили- катный носитель пропитывают водным расО 00 ел ел о Јь The invention makes it possible to increase the activity of the catalyst. To do this, use the carrier composition, wt.% Cobalt 5-15, zirconium silicate 85-95, with the content in the latter, wt.%: Zirconium oxide 1-10; sodium oxide 0.05-0.4; and silicon oxide - the rest. The catalyst allows to increase the yield of liquid hydrocarbons per gram cobalt with a simpler catalyst preparation scheme, since it eliminates the stage of deposition of zirconium oxide on the carrier, drying and calcining 2 tabl. by NaOH, 1.4 kg-eq / m3 and module 2.7 are mixed in a mixer to form a zirconium silicate hydrosol, which coagulate at 5 ° C and pH 7.8 in a hydrogel ball form in a layer of mineral oil. Then, the hydrogel is subjected to syneresis at 20 ° C for 24 hours and treated with an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 20 kg / m3 at 20 ° C for 36 hours, washed with condensate ...

COMPOSITION, INCLUDING OIL PRODUCT AND CONTAINING CARBON NANOMATERIALS MARKER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE MARKER

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2017 101 639 A (51) МПК C07C 9/00 (2006.01) C10L 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2017101639, 18.01.2017 (71) Заявитель(и): Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НаноТехЦентр" (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 18.01.2017 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 19.07.2018 Бюл. № 20 Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 7 1 0 1 6 3 9 R U A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Композиция, включающая нефтепродукт и определяемое количество маркера, отличающаяся тем, что маркер содержит суспензию углеродного наноматериала (УНМ). 2. Композиция по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что суспензия УНМ в качестве твердой дисперсной фазы содержит углеродный наноматериал «Таунит-М», а в качестве жидкой дисперсной среды - жидкие углеводороды. 3. Композиция по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что маркируемый нефтепродукт содержит маркер в концентрации 10-4 мас. %. 4. Композиция по пп. 1 и 2, отличающаяся тем, что суспензия УНМ в качестве твердой дисперсной фазы содержит функционализированный углеродный наноматериал. 5. Композиция по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что суспензия содержит поверхностноактивные вещества (ПАВ). 6. Способ изготовления маркера путем введения в состав маркируемых веществ, отличающийся тем, что приготовление суспензии проводят путем введения в жидкую дисперсную среду УНМ с последующим перемешиванием в течение 1 ч, поле чего подвергают диспергированию с помощью ультразвука в течение 1 ч при частоте 22 кГц и мощности 1 кВт, после чего вводят поверхностно-активные вещества (ПАВ) с последующим диспергированием. 7. Способ по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что в качестве дисперсной среды и в качестве маркируемого нефтепродукта используют индустриальное масло И-20А. 8. Способ по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что в качестве маркируемого нефтепродукта, используют смазку «Литол-24», в которую вводят УНМ «Таунит-М» и поливинилпирролидон (ПВП) в концентрации 10-4 мас. %, включают подогреватель и нагревают пробу до 60°C ...

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE ALKYLATION OF ISOBUTANE BY LIGHT OLEFINS

Process for obtaining carbon monoxide hydrogenation products with a high content of oxygen compounds

Process for the reaction between carbon monoxide and hydrogen

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM CARBON OXIDE AND HYDROGEN

Patent FR2460712B1

PROCESS FOR PREPARING FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYSTS AND APPLYING THESE CATALYSTS TO THE PREPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN CATALYSEUR DE FISCHER-TROPSCH. UN CATALYSEUR A BASE DE FE ACTIVE PAR CR ET DEPOSE SUR SIO A ETE PREPARE PAR IMPREGNATION ET REDUCTION A TEMPERATURE ELEVEE. ON PREPARE DES HYDROCARBURES A PARTIR DE GAZ DE SYNTHESE PAUVRE EN H EN UTILISANT CE CATALYSEUR. THE INVENTION RELATES TO A FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST. A CATALYZER BASED ON FE ACTIVATED BY CR AND DEPOSITED ON WIS HAS BEEN PREPARED BY IMPREGNATION AND REDUCTION AT HIGH TEMPERATURE. HYDROCARBONS ARE PREPARED FROM LOW H-LOW SYNTHESIS GAS USING THIS CATALYST.

PROCESS FOR CONVERTING SYNTHESIS GAS IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST COMPRISING COBALT AND ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS

PROCESS FOR CONVERTING SYNTHESIS GAS IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST COMPRISING COBALT AND ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS

L'invention concerne la préparation d'un catalyseur comprenant un support comportant au moins un oxyde d'élément Si, Al, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Mg ou Ln (où Ln est une terre rare), du cobalt, au moins un élément A choisi dans le groupe formé par le ruthénium, le platine, le palladium et l'uranium, au moins un élément B choisi dans le groupe formé par le molybdène et le tungstène, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins les étapes successives suivantes: - (1) la formation d'un précurseur comprenant au moins le cobalt et au moins une partie du support - (2) la réduction au moins partielle dudit précurseur en présence d'au moins un composé réducteur, et - (3) le dépôt sur le précurseur réduit de toute partie de composé présent dans le catalyseur et non présent dans le précurseur. L'invention concerne aussi l'utilisation dudit catalyseur dans un procédé de synthèse d'hydrocarbures C5 **+ à partir de gaz de synthèse. The invention relates to the preparation of a catalyst comprising a support comprising at least one oxide of the element Si, Al, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Mg or Ln (where Ln is a rare earth), cobalt, at least an element A chosen from the group formed by ruthenium, platinum, palladium and uranium, at least one element B chosen from the group formed by molybdenum and tungsten, characterized in that it comprises at least the steps successive following: - (1) the formation of a precursor comprising at least the cobalt and at least part of the support - (2) the at least partial reduction of said precursor in the presence of at least one reducing compound, and - (3 ) depositing on the reduced precursor any part of the compound present in the catalyst and not present in the precursor. The invention also relates to the use of said catalyst in a process for the synthesis of C5 ** + hydrocarbons from synthesis gas.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS

L'invention concerne un procédé en deux étapes pour la préparation d'un mélange d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un gaz de synthèse ayant un rapport molaire H2/CO compris entre 1,0 et 2,0. Le gaz de synthèse est mis en contact dans une première étape avec une composition catalytique contenant du fer ayant une activité de Fischer-Tropsch aussi bien qu'une activité de conversion de CO et cela est suivi de la mise en contact d'au moins l'hydrogène et l'oxyde de carbone séparés du produit de la première étape dans une deuxième étape avec un catalyseur mono- ou bifonctionnel contenant du nickel, du cobalt ou du ruthénium et ayant une activité de Fischer-Tropsch. Utilisation comme partie d'un procédé en trois étapes pour la préparation de distillats moyens. The invention relates to a two-step process for the preparation of a mixture of hydrocarbons from a synthesis gas having an H2 / CO molar ratio of between 1.0 and 2.0. The synthesis gas is contacted in a first step with an iron-containing catalyst composition having Fischer-Tropsch activity as well as CO converting activity and this is followed by contacting at least 1. The hydrogen and carbon monoxide separated from the product of the first step in a second step with a mono- or bifunctional catalyst containing nickel, cobalt or ruthenium and having Fischer-Tropsch activity. Use as part of a three-step process for the preparation of middle distillates.

CATALYST FOR SYNTHESIS OF HYDROCARBONS AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING AND USING SAME

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM CARBON OXIDE AND HYDROGEN

PROCEDE DE PREPARATION D'HYDROCARBURES A PARTIR D'UN GAZ DE SYNTHESE PAUVRE EN H EN METTANT CE GAZ EN CONTACT DANS UNE PREMIERE ETAPE AVEC UNE COMBINAISON CATALYTIQUE TRIFONCTIONNELLE COMPRENANT UN CATALYSEUR DE SYNTHESE DE METHANOL OU DE FISCHER-TROPSCH, UN SILICATE CRISTALLIN DE STRUCTURE ZSM-5 ET EVENTUELLEMENT UN CATALYSEUR DE CONVERSION DE CO, ET ENSUITE EN METTANT EN CONTACT AU MOINS LA FRACTION C DU PRODUIT DE LA PREMIERE ETAPE DONT LE RAPPORT MOLAIRE HCO TEL QUEL OU APRES AJUSTEMENT SE MONTE A AU MOINS 1,5, DANS UNE DEUXIEME ETAPE, AVEC UN CATALYSEUR DE FISCHER-TROPSCH AU NICKEL, AU COBALT OU AU RUTHENIUM. LE PRODUIT DE REACTION EST ESSENTIELLEMENT CONSTITUE D'HYDROCARBURES AYANT PLUS DE 12ATOMES DE CARBONE DANS LA MOLECULE. PROCESS FOR PREPARING HYDROCARBONS FROM A SYNTHETIC GAS LOW IN H BY PUTTING THIS GAS IN CONTACT IN A FIRST STAGE WITH A TRIFUNCTIONAL CATALYTIC COMBINATION INCLUDING A CATALYZER OF METHANOL SYNTHESIS OR FISCHINIC-STRATECHIDE-STRATECHIDE FISCHINICIST. ZSM-5 AND POSSIBLY A CO CONVERSION CATALYST, AND THEN BY CONTACTING AT LEAST THE C FRACTION OF THE PRODUCT OF THE FIRST STAGE WHOSE HCO MOLAR RATIO AS IS OR AFTER ADJUSTMENT IS AT LEAST 1.5, IN A SECOND STEP, WITH A NICKEL, COBALT OR RUTHENIUM FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST. THE REACTION PRODUCT CONSISTS OF ESSENTIAL HYDROCARBONS WITH MORE THAN 12ATOMS OF CARBON IN THE MOLECULE.

Process for the production of hydrocarbons

CATALYST FOR HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS AND METHOD FOR PREPARING AND USING THE SAME

L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN CATALYSEUR POUR LA SYNTHESE D'HYDROCARBURES ET LE PROCEDE DE PREPARATION ET D'UTILISATION DE CELUI-CI. CE CATALYSEUR COMPREND DU COBALT ET DU PALLADIUM OU DU PLATINE OU DES MELANGES DE CEUX-CI SUPPORTES SUR UNE PHASE SOLIDE. IL EST STABLE PENDANT DE LONGUES PERIODES A L'ETAT SEC ET POSSEDE UNE ACTIVITE ELEVEE.

METHOD FOR OLIGOMERIZING GASEOUS OLEFINS

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE D'OLIGOMERISATION D'ALCENES. LE PROCEDE CONSISTE A FAIRE ENTRER, DANS DES CONDITIONS D'OLIGOMERISATION, UNE CHARGE COMPRENANT UN ALCENE GAZEUX DANS LESDITES CONDITIONS D'OLIGOMERISATION EN CONTACT AVEC UN CATALYSEUR FORME D'UN TAMIS MOLECULAIRE CRISTALLIN SILICEUX A PORES DE DIAMETRES INTERMEDIAIRE QUASIMENT DEPOURVU D'ACTIVITE DE TRANSFERT D'HYDROGENE ET A RECUEILLIR UN EFFLUENT FORME D'ALCENES OLIGOMERISES DANS LEQUEL CERTAINS AU MOINS DESDITS ALCENES OLIGOMERISES SONT LIQUIDES DANS LES CONDITIONS D'OLIGOMERISATION. APPLICATION A LA POLYMERISATION D'ALCENES A CHAINE COURTE EN ALCENES TRES INTERESSANTS PLUS LOURDS ET A CHAINE PLUS LONGUE. THE INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR OLIGOMERIZING ALCENES. THE PROCESS CONSISTS OF ENTRYING, INTO OLIGOMERIZATION CONDITIONS, A FEED INCLUDING AN ALKENE GAS UNDER SAID OLIGOMERIZATION CONDITIONS IN CONTACT WITH A CATALYST IN THE FORM OF A SILICEY CRYSTALLINE MOLECULAR SIEVE WITH PORES OF DIAMETERS OF INTERMEDIATE DEPARTMENT BY QUASIMUM TRANSFER OF HYDROGEN AND TO COLLECT AN EFFLUENT IN THE FORM OF OLIGOMERIZED ALKENES IN WHICH AT LEAST SOME OF THE SAID OLIGOMERIZED ALKENES ARE LIQUID UNDER OLIGOMERIZATION CONDITIONS. APPLICATION TO POLYMERIZATION OF SHORT CHAIN ALKENES IN VERY INTERESTING HEAVIER ALKENS AND LONGER CHAIN.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS

Cobalt-based catalyst and process for converting synthesis gas to hydrocarbons.

L'invention concerne un procédé de conversion de gaz de synthèse en un mélange d'hydrocarbures essentiellement linéaires et saturés, caractérisé par l'emploi d'un catalyseur préparé par une technique de gélification, comprenant du cobalt, du cuivre, et du ruthénium, le cobalt, le cuivre et le ruthénium étant dispersés sur un support comprenant au moins un élément choisi dans le groupe formé par la silice et l'alumine, la teneur en cobalt, exprimée en poids de cobalt par rapport au poids de catalyseur, étant comprise entre 1 et 60 % en poids, et les teneurs en cuivre et en ruthénium étant telles que le rapport Ru: Cu: Co où Ru, Cu et Co sont respectivement les pourcentages poids de ruthénium de cuivre et de cobalt par rapport au poids de catalyseur, est compris dans l'intervalle suivant: 0,1-20: 1-10: 100. The invention relates to a process for converting synthesis gas into a mixture of essentially linear and saturated hydrocarbons, characterized by the use of a catalyst prepared by a gelation technique, comprising cobalt, copper, and ruthenium, the cobalt, copper and ruthenium being dispersed on a support comprising at least one element chosen from the group formed by silica and alumina, the cobalt content, expressed by weight of cobalt relative to the weight of catalyst, being included between 1 and 60% by weight, and the copper and ruthenium contents being such that the ratio Ru: Cu: Co where Ru, Cu and Co are respectively the weight percentages of ruthenium of copper and cobalt relative to the weight of catalyst , is in the following range: 0.1-20: 1-10: 100.

Process and device for the alkylation of isobutane with light olefins

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS

Process for the preparation of hydrocarbons from a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with the use of a catalyst combination containing one or more metal component(s) having catalytic activity for conversion of an H2/CO mixture into acyclic hydrocarbons, for example ruthenium, cobalt and iron, and ferrierite as support. The catalyst is preferably prepared by ion exchange, followed by washing, drying and calcining. The reaction product substantially comprises hydrocarbons having 5 to 12 C atoms.

Process for the production of methane

A process for the production of methane comprising reacting at least part of a feed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in an internally cooled methanation reactor containing a nickel comprising methanation catalyst to produce a product gas containing methane, cooling the internally cooled methanation reactor with water, wherein the water enters the internally cooled methanation reactor at a temperature in the range from 20-120° C below its boiling temperature.

Process for producing c.sub.2-c.sub.4 hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen

ABSTRACT Hydrocarbons of two to four carbon atoms are prepared by an improved Fischer-Tropsch process, the improvement comprising the use of a catalyst comprising: (A) at least one material selected from the group consisting of the sulfide, oxide or metal of Mo, W, Re, Ru and Pt; (B) at least one material selected from the group consisting of the hydroxide, oxide or salt of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Th; and (C) a support. The catalyst demonstrates good C2-C4 selectivity, is resistant to sulfur poisoning and is regenerable. 18,014A-F

Iron on titania catalyst and its use for hydrocarbon synthesis

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A catalyst useful for producing substantially C2+ alkane hydrocarbons from mixtures of CO and H2 which comprises a mixture of iron carbide and ilmenite supported on titania wherein the ratio of the iron present in the supported iron carbide and ilmenite, calculated as Fe2O3, to the surface area of the titania support ranges from about 2 x 10-3 to 25 x 10-3 grams per square meter.

Alpha-olefin trimerization process

Process for the synthesis of C5 + hydrocarbons

METHOD AND CATALYST FOR CONVERTING SYNTHESIS GAS TO HYDROCARBONS.

Synthesis of organic compounds

Process for producing c2-c4 hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen

Improved process for saturated oligomer production

Improvements in and relating to iron catalysts

A particulate or granular catalyst material containing a reducible iron compound and difficultly volatilizable carbonaceous material comprising free carbon is activated-or in the case of a spent catalyst reactivated-by heating at 500 DEG C. or above, but below the temperature at which the particles or granules sinter together so that they retain their initial size distribution, and for a period of time adequate to achieve reduction the carbonaceous material being in intimate dispersion with the catalyst material. The term "free carbon" is used to denote oxidizable material having a high carbon content, which is insoluble or almost insoluble in organic solvents. Compounds which may be present in the catalyst are Fe3 O4 and in smaller amounts FeC, Fe3C, FeO and Fe2O3; it is assured that the following are formed in the process: Fe3C, FeO and Fe. The process may be carried out in a fixed or fluidized bed or under streaming fluidized conditions, and the catalyst may be impregnated with alcoholic KOH prior to the heat treatment. The starting material may contain iron and carbonaceous material in the correct proportions for the production of the free metal.

Patent JPS6352937B2

PROCEDURE FOR SELECTIVE PREPARATION OF PARAFFINIC HYDROCARBONS

Production of liquid hydrocarbons, oxygenated hydrocarbons and the like

Acyclic hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide

Hydrocarbon synthesis with reduced magnetite catalyst

Improved process for the production of saturated oligomers

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HYDROCARBON MIXTURE

Conversion of syngas to liquid motor fuels

CONVERSION OF SYNGAS TO LIQUID MOTOR FUELS Abstract of the Disclosure Synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen is converted to C5 hydrocarbons suitable for use as liquid motor fuels by contact with a dual catalyst composition capable of ensuring the production of only relatively minor amounts of heavy products boiling beyond the diesel oil range. The catalyst composition, having desirable stability during continuous production operation, employs a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, together with a co-catalyst/support component. The latter component is a steam-stabilized zeolite Y catalyst of hydrophobic character, desirably in acid-extracted form. D-13,546-C

Supported catalyst for hydrocarbon synthesis

Methanation of carbon monoxide over tungsten carbide-containing catalysts

A process of preparing methane-containing gas comprising contacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing tungsten carbide. Various tungsten carbide-containing alumina gel catalysts are also disclosed.

Process for the production of ethylene from carbon monoxide and hydrogen

Process for the preparation of hydrocarbons

Preparation of aromatic-rich hydrocarbon from synthetic gas

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS BY CATALYTIC REACTION OF CARBON MONOXIDE WITH HYDROGEN AND HYDROCARBONS

Process for the production of methane

A process for the production of methane comprising reacting at least part of a feed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in an internally cooled methanation reactor containing a nickel comprising methanation catalyst to produce a product gas containing methane, cooling the internally cooled methanation reactor with water, wherein the water enters the internally cooled methanation reactor at a temperature in the range from 20-120° C below its boiling temperature.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HYDROCARBON MIXTURE

Use of phosphonium salts

The present invention provides homogeneous mixtures of saturated hydrocarbons and tetrahydrocarbylphosphonium salt ionic liquids. The present invention further provides a process for expelling a hydrocarbon, preferably a saturated hydrocarbon, from a homogeneous mixture comprising the hydrocarbon and a tetrahydrocarbylphosphonium salt ionic liquid, which process comprises adding to the homogeneous mixture sufficient water to cause the hydrocarbon and the phosphonium salt to form separate phases.

Process of synthesis gas conversion to liquid hydrocarbon mixtures using synthesis gas conversion catalyst and hydroisomerization catalyst

A process is disclosed for converting synthesis gas to a liquid hydrocarbon mixture useful as distillate fuel and/or lube base oil which is substantially free of solid wax. A synthesis gas feed is contacted with a synthesis gas conversion catalyst in an upstream bed and a hydroisomerization catalyst containing a metal promoter and an acidic component in a downstream bed within a single reactor at essentially common reaction conditions. A Fischer-Tropsch wax is formed over the synthesis gas conversion catalyst and said wax is subsequently hydroisomerized over the hydroisomerization catalyst, thereby resulting in a liquid hydrocarbon mixture having a desirable product distribution.

Total isomerization process and apparatus

Disclosed are a process and apparatus for virtually complete isomerization of normal paraffin hydrocarbons which reduces recycle rates and enables operation of reactors and adsorbers at more favorable conditions and otherwise improve operating efficiencies based on constant quantities of adsorbents and catalysts. Also, and according to a preferred embodiment, a process and apparatus are provided for utilizing reformer offgas as a hydrogen makeup in such a process wherein the offgas is first purified by a pressure swing adsorption apparatus. Reactor and adsorber pressures and recycle rates can be lowered due to higher concentration of hydrogen in the recycle stream and higher reactant concentrations in the reactor. Recycle capital and operating costs are greatly reduced.