СПОСОБЫ РАДИКАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИИ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГАЛОГЕНИРОВАННЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ, ГАЛОГЕНИРОВАННЫЕ ПОЛИМЕРЫ И ИЗДЕЛИЯ ИЗ НИХ

Изобретение относится к способу радикальной полимеризации для получения галогенированных полимеров. Способом радикальной полимеризации получают полимеры из хлорированного(ых) винилового(ых) мономера(ов), в котором используют (А) один или несколько этиленненасыщенных мономеров, по меньшей мере, один из которых выбирают из хлорированных виниловых мономеров, (В) молекулярный йод и (С) один или несколько генерирующих радикалы агентов, выбранных из диазосоединений, пероксидов и диалкилдифенилалканов. Способ включает в себя стадии в соответствии с которыми, по меньшей мере, часть каждого из соединений (А), (В) и (С) вводят в реактор, а затем содержимое реактора взаимодействует, в то время как в него вводят необязательный остаток каждого из соединений (А), (В) и (С), до тех пор, пока не прореагирует, самое большее, 70 мол. % хлорированного(ых) винилового(ых) мономера(ов), введенного (ых) в реактор, если этиленненасыщенный мономер или мономеры, введенные в реактор, представляют собой исключительно ...

СПОСОБ ОЧИСТКИ ФТОРИРОВАННОГО СОЕДИНЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к эффективному способу очистки фторированного соединения, который включает перегонку жидкости, содержащей по меньшей мере один член, выбранный из группы, состоящей из фторированного соединения, представленного следующей формулой (1), и фторированного соединения, представленного следующей формулой (2), удерживая ее при температуре нагрева не более 150°C, где температура нагрева является внутренней температурой котла перегонной колонны:в которых Rпредставляет собой фторированную алкильную группу, которая может иметь простой эфирный атом кислорода в своей основной цепи, Rпредставляет собой перфторалкиленовую группу, и Rпредставляет собой C-Cалкильную группу, и в котором жидкость представляет собой жидкость, полученную из любого жидкого отхода после того как водная эмульсия фторполимера коагулировала и фторполимер отделен, водную жидкость, полученную отмывкой отходящего газа на стадии сушки и/или стадии термической обработки отделенного фторполимера, или жидкость, полученную ...

Способ очистки поливинилхлорида или сополимеров винилхлорида

Способ очистки (со)полимеровВиНилХлОРидА OT (CO)MOHOMEPOB

Способ получения поливинилхлорида и сополимеров винилхлорида с винилацетатом или винилиденхлоридом

Способ получения поливинилхлорида

Способ получения полимеров и сополимеров галоидпроизводных этилена

Способ получения полимеров или сополимеров винилхлорида

... 1. Способ получения полимерогв или сополимеров винштхлорида радикальной полимеризацией его или сопо лимеризацией с виниловыми мономераТЕНИЯ If 112,,,;. п I . ib,,:,;,.;. ;,7 Jt$ ми в массе, растворе, водной эмульсии или дисперсии, отличаю- щ и и с я тем, что, с целью снижения коркообразования на внутренних поверхностях и деталях реактора, процесс проводят в присутствии в реакционной массе 3-5000 вес.ч, на 1000000 вес.ч. мономеров по крайней мере одного соединения, выбранного из группы, содержащей йод, бром, соединения йода или брома, тиоцианаты , изотиоцианаты, фитовую кислоту , ее соли, ронгалит и восстанавливающие углеводы. 2. Способ ПОП.1, отличают Щ и и с я тем, что процесс проводят в реакторе, внутренние поверхности и детали которого покрыты по крайней мере одним полярным органическим соединением или органическим красителем.; Vj СЛ СО со О5 4 ...

Способ отгонки мономера из дисперсии поливинилхлорида и устройство для его осуществления

Способ хлорирования полиэтилена высокой плотности

Способ получения (со)полимеров винилхлорида

Композиция для получения внутренне пластифицированного сополимера винилхлорида

VERFAHREN, UM VINYLCHLORID MIT OLEFINPOLYMEREN ZU POLYMERISIEREN, COPOLYMERE UND ZUSAMMENSETZUNGEN DARAUS

A METHOD OF FORMING A POLYMER FILM

KNOLLENBRECHER ZUM ANSCHLUSS AN EIN REAKTIONSGEFAESS

VERFAHREN ZUR ZERSETZUNG HALOGENIERTER ORGANISCHER VERBINDUNGEN

HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN FUER EIN POLYVINYLCHLORIDHARZ

PROCESS TO PRODUCE AN AQUEOUS COPOLYMER DISPERSIONS, AND THEIR UTILISATION

PRODUCTION OF VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMERS

PERESTER, IHRE HERSTELLUNG UND VERWENDUNG ALS POLYMERISATIONSINITIATOREN.

VERFAHREN ZUR KONTINUIERLICHEN ENTFERNUNG VON MONOMEREN AUS WAESSRIGEN DISPERSIONEN VON POLYMEREN

A METHOD FOR THE SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON VINYLCHLORIDHOMO- ODER -MISCHPOLYMERISATEN

INNERLICH PLASTIFIZIERTE VINYLCHLORIDMISCHPOLYMERISATE

PROCESS FOR RECOVERING VINYL POLYMERS FROM EMULSION POLYMERIZATION LATICES

DIELECTRIC POLYMER MATERIALS

FLUORISED THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER

VERFAHREN ZUM ANBRINGEN VON ANTIFOULINGMITTELN

PVC-PARTIKEL

TERPOLYMERES

VINYLCHLORID-COPOLYMERE

POLYMERE FAERBEADDITIVE

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES VINYLCHLORIDPFROPFPOLYMERISATES

POLYMERISATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE

... 1440406 Vinyl chloride polymerization WACKER-CHEMIE GmbH 15 March 1974 [16 March 1973] 11627/74 Heading C3P A process for producing vinyl chloride homo- or copolymers comprises polymerizing vinyl chloride with or without one or more comonomers in an aqueous phase at a pH of 3À5- 7-0 in the presence of (a) a dispersant; (b) 0À001 to 1À0 wt. per cent (based on the monomer(s)) of at least one straight chain diacylperoxide and/or at least one straight or branched chain dialkyl peroxydicarbonate, the acyl or alkyl moieties of which, repectively, have 12-18 carbon atoms; and (c) 5-35 p.p.m. by weight (based on the monomer(s)) of at least one Wurster's salt. A Wurster's salt is a salt whose cation has a lone pair of electrons, and which may be represented by the resonance formula in which each R may be the same or different, and is H, or a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group. The purpose of the salt is to prevent encrustations of polymer forming in the apparatus during polymerization.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYVINYL CHLORIDE

... 1416111 Treating PVC NORSK HYDRO AS 5 Oct 1973 [6 Oct 1972] 46696/73 Heading C3P Monomeric vinyl chloride is added to a dispersion of preformed PVC in an amount of 100-300% of monomer based on polymer, such polymer consisting of primary particles of size 0À1-1 Á in agglomerates of 80-150 Á and having a plasticizer absorption of at least 35 phr. and polymerizing the monomer in and on the polymer particles in the presence of less than 0À05% by weight (based on water) of a dispersing agent. The product has improved hand processing properties and increased density.

POLYMERISATION PROCESS

... 1435605 Terpolymers and graft polymers thereof ROHM & HAAS CO 25 April 1973 [27 April 1972 (2)] 19564/73 Headings C3G and C3P A copolymer comprising units of (i) 50-90 wt. per cent acrylonitrile (ii) 5-28 wt. per cent of a vinyl and/or vinylidene aromatic compound and (iii) 2-25% or an ester of formula where R 3 is H, halogen, cyano or C 1 -C 6 alkyl and R 4 is C 1 -C 8 alkyl is obtained by polymerizing initial amounts of the three monomers in an aqueous medium in the proportions required to produce an initial polymer of the required composition, then continuously introducing the monomers in the appropriate proportions at the same rate as they are consumed by the polymerization reaction and short-stopping at the required solids content. The invention also comprises the production of graft copolymers in which the superstrate is a polymer as defined above by carrying out the polymerization in the same way but in the presence of a substrate polymer of 50-100 wt. per cent of one or more conjugated ...

HYDRATES AS CURING AIDS

... 1437258 Curing fluoroelastomers MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO 20 Aug 1973 [21 Aug 1972] 39344/73 Heading C3P Fluoroelastomers which are copolymers of vinylidene fluoride with at least one terminally unsaturated fluoromonoolefin having at least one fluorine atom substituent on each doublebonded carbon atom, each carbon atom of said fluoromonoolefin being substituted only with fluorine, chlorine, hydrogen or a C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkoxy group, said copolymer being one in which at least 10% of the chain carbon atoms are -CH 2 - units, are cured in the presence of (1) at least one quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compound, and (2) a salt hydrate containing water which is relatively firmly bonded at ambient temperature but at least a portion of which is readily released at 120-175‹ C., said hydrate being present in an amount to give 0À1-3À0 parts by weight of water per 100 parts elastomer. The compositions may also contain an amine cocurative, a curing accelerator, an acid acceptor, ...

Polytetrafluoroethylene moulding powder and its preparation

... 1,135,921. Moulding P.T.F.E. DAIKIN KOGYO CO. Ltd. 11 Jan., 1966 [12 Jan., 1965], No. 1287/66. Heading B5A. [Also in Division C3] Articles are formed by moulding a powder comprising spheroidal granules of polytetrafluoroethylene of average particle size below 5000 microns, angle of repose below 45 degrees, surface areas as measured by nitrogen adsorption at least 2 square metres per gram, surface smoothness not less than 15 seconds and anisotropic expansion factor not more than 1.16. In Example 12 the powder is preformed into annular sheets using an automatic compression moulding machine made up of a mould, a table, a feeder box with a hole in its bottom, and a hopper. The table has inset therein an annular moulding space defined by a cylindrical cavity of diameter 83 mm. having at its centre a mandrel of external diameter 44 mm. The depth of the annulus is 7 mm. and above it is a cylindrical, vertically-movable punch adapted to press down into the annulus.

Process for polymerizing vinyl monomers

... 1,146,544. Laminates. NATIONAL LEAD CO. 12 July, 1966, No. 31337/66. Heading B5N. [Also in Divisions C3 and D2] In Example 4 a laminate is prepared by applying to an aluminium plate and sintering a paperlike web formed on a papermaking machine from a dispersion of polymer-encapsulated particles prepared by steeping cellulose fibres in an aqueous medium, dispersing methyl methacrylate in the resulting slurry and maintaining the slurry under continuous agitation while polymerizing the methyl methacrylate.

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HOMOPOLYMERS OR COPOLYMERS OF VINYL CHLORIDE BY CONTAINUOUS EMULSION POLYMERISATION

... 1411875 Polymerizing vinyl chloride CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS AG 22 Feb 1973 [23 Feb 1972] 8715/73 Heading C3P The continuous polymerization of vinyl chloride in aqueous emulsion is effected at 30- 70‹ C. and pH 5-7 in the presence of anionic emulsifier and a catalyst consisting of 0.0025- 0.02% (based on monomer) of H 2 O 2 and 0.001-0.008% of ascorbic acid at a weight ratio of H 2 O 2 : ascorbic acid of 2 : 1 to 4 : 1 in the absence of heavy metal salts.

VINYL CHLORIDE COPOLYMERS

... 1415884 Terpolymers; coating compositions UNION CARBIDE CORP 17 Nov 1972 [19 Nov 1971] 53316/72 Headings C3F C3P and C3R Terpolymers are formed containing 50-69% vinyl chloride, 2-18% of an ester of the formula CH 2 = CHR1-COOCHR2-CHR3-OH in which R1, R2 and R3 are each hydrogen or methyl and at least 25% of vinyl acetate. Solution technique is exemplified. The polymers have an inherent viscosity of 0À15-0À5 at 30‹ C. in solution (0À2 g./dl.) in cyclohexanone. Coating compositions comprise solutions of the above terpolymer and nitrocellulose or a urethane prepolymer. The nitrocellulose compositions exemplified optionally contain an alkyd resin, dioctyl phthalate plasticizer and melamine-formaldehyde resin. Solvents are ketones, esters, alcohols and aromatic hydrocarbons in admixture.

BULK POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL HALIDE MONOMER COMPOSITIONS

... 1436165 Polymerizing vinyl halide HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP 8 May 1973 [8 May 1972] 33446/75 Divided out of 1436164 Heading C3P In the polymerization of vinyl halides in bulk in two stages, the first with high speed agitation to 3-15% conversion and the second at low speed conversion, there is added during the second stage, after at least 30% conversion, further vinyl halide monomer or a monomer which polymerizes at at least the same rate, e.g. methyl acrylate. Reactor productivity is thereby increased.

TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE POLYMERS

... 1460535 Tetrafluoroethylene polymers IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 22 April 1975 [16 May 1974] 21748/74 Heading C3P An aqueous dispersion of tetrafluoroethylene polymer comprises colloidal particles containing at least 98% of polymerized tetrafluoroethylene together with a comonomer which is a C 3 -C 10 perfluoroalkyl - trifluoroethylene and/or perfluoroalkoxy - trifluoroethylene, the particles having an inner core and an outer shell, the outer shell having a concentration of comonomer less than half that in the inner core and may be pure polytetrafluoroethylene. The products have high extrusion pressures. The polymerization may be effected using preformed particles which form the inner core or by a two-stage process.

Elastomeric materials and process therefor

An elastomeric composition comprises (A) from 50 to 90% by weight of a cross-linked base elastomer containing at least 75% by weight of units of one or more (C2-C8)-alkyl acrylates or a mixture thereof with at most an equimolar amount of ethylene, propylene and/or isobutylene and (B) from 50 to 10% of reinforcing polymer dispersed throughout the base elastomer, the reinforcing polymer containing (1) units of one or more of the following monomers: vinylidene chloride, fluoride or fluorochloride and vinyl chloride or fluoride, and, if required to reduce the crystallinity of the reinforcing polymer, (2) up to 12% by weight of one or more other alpha, beta-monoethylenically unsaturated monomers. The composition may be prepared by physical admixture of separate dispersions of polymers (A) and (B) or, preferably, by a sequential polymerization in which the monomer charge of polymer (B) is emulsion polymerized in an aqueous dispersion of elastomer (A). 0.5 to 25% of a monomer effective to cross-link ...

A process for the production of vinyl chloride/ethylene copolymer

Vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymers containing 0.5-8% by wt of combined ethylene are obtained by polymerizing in bulk or aqueous dispersion vinyl chloride and 2.5-7 times the theoretical amount of ethylene in a reaction vessel filled to at least 60% of its capacity with a liquid phase at 30-65 DEG C. and 10-60 atmos. and interrupting the polymerization before the pressure falls to 5 atmos. below the starting pressure and conversion is at least 50%. In one embodiment, no ethylene is added or removed, in another ethylene is bled off to prevent a rise in pressure. A peroxide or azo catalyst is used and in the dispersion process a protective colloid is added. The products have a tensile strength of at least 450 kg./cm.2, an elongation of 100-250% and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.75-2 measured in cyclohexanone at 25 DEG C. and are used as moulding compositions.

Piezoelectric and pyroelectric film, sheet or strip and method for the preparation thereof

A piezoelectric and pyroelectric film made from a resin composition of polymer of vinylidene fluoride, which is characterized by an index of birefringence of larger than 3x10-3 and a ratio of d31/d32 of 0.3 to 3.0, and which may be prepared by further stretching a biaxially stretched film made from the above-mentioned resin composition at a temperature lower than the temperature of the biaxially stretching by more than 20 DEG C. before or at the same time of a treatment for orientation polarization of the film.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE POWDER

Polymerisation of vinyl chloride

A suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride or a mixture of a main component of vinyl chloride and a comonomer is carried out in the presence of 0.05 to 0.15 wt. part of mixed catalysts of alpha -cumyl peroxyneodecanoate and a dialkyl peroxydicarbonate having a C2-C8 alkyl group at a molar ratio of 1:0.1 to 0.8 per 100 wt. parts of said monomer.

PRODUCTION OF VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMER

CURABLE FLUOROOLEFIN-VINYL ETHER COPOLYMER

COMPOSITION OF AND METHOD OF OBTAINING SMALL PARTICLE SIZE POLYMERS AND COPOLYMER OF VINYL CHLORIDE HAVING A FUSED SURFACE

EXTRUSION POWDER

MOTION-COMPENSATED CROWN BLOCK SYSTEM

... 1441165 Maintaining constant tension in cable OCEAN SCIENCE & ENG Inc 9 July 1973 [26 July 1972] 32671/73 Heading B8B [Also in Division E1] A motion-compensated crown block sheave system for use in a drilling rig on a vessel comprises a crown block sheave 25 carried for movement along a straight path by a framework 22, and fluid pressure piston and cylinder means 55 pivotally connected to the sheave and the framework and inclined to the said path. The cylinders are connected to accummulator 69 and the pressure therein is controlled by means sensing movement of the sheave relative to the sea bed; such means may include a line (90) connected to the sheave 25 and to a sea-bed anchor (95) or riser pipe (107), Figs. 9, 10, 10a (not shown). Because of the inclined arrangement of the cylinders the required pressure changes are minimized, since as the sheave moves the inclination changes so that the vertical component of the force exerted changes in the opposite sense to the change in total force ...

METHOD OF PREPARING VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER

... 1441314 Polymerizing vinylidene fluoride PENNWALT CORP 16 Oct 1973 [17 Oct 1972] 48193/73 Heading C3P Vinylidene fluoride is polymerized or copolymerized in aqueous suspension in the presence of 0À5-1À5% (by weight of total monomer feed) of diisopropylperoxydicarbonate as initiator, 10-50% of 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane as accelerator and 0À5-5À5% of acetone as chain transfer agent at a temperature of 35-100‹ C. and a pressure of 300-1000 p.s.i. the monomer and initiator system being added incrementally or continuously such that a conversion rate of 30-250 gms. of monomer to polymer per litre of reaction mixture per hour is attained.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HOMOPOLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS INSOLUBLE IN THEIR MONOMERS OR MONOMER MIXTURES

... 1282225 Polymerizing vinyl chloride PRODUITS CHIMIQUES PECHINEY-SAINTGOBAIN 21 Jan 1970 [21 Jan 1969 30 Oct 1969 (2)] 2928/70 Heading C3P Vinyl chloride is polymerized or copolymerized by dispersing therein 0À1-5% by wt. of an aqueous solution of at least part of a catalyst. In one embodiment one stage is used which may be continuous and in the presence of a seeding polymer; in another having two stages the first stage uses high turbulence stirring and the second slower stirring. In examples homopolymers of vinyl chloride or copolymers with vinyl acetate are formed using ammonium persulphate, optionally with sodium metabisulphite, or sodium persulphate with a buffer if desired and as emulsifiers, polyethylene oxide grafted with styrene, or sodium oleylmethyltauride and/or sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate or in the absence of emulsifier.

PROCESS FOR THE POLYMERISATION IN AQUEOUS SUSPENSION OF HALOGEN-CONTAINING VINYL MONOMERS

POLYMERIC DYERECEPTIVE ADDITIVES

... 1522706 Dye-receptive polymers BAYER AG 31 Oct 1975 [15 Nov 1974] 45246/75 Heading C3P A dye-receptive polymer comprises (A) 4 to 10 mol.% of an acrylic or methacrylic acid amide corresponding to the general Formula (I) in which R1 represents H or CH3, R2 represents a linear or branched alkylene radical, optionally substituted by an aryl group, or an arylene radical, and M represents a primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary ammonium group, a lithium cation or a magnesium cation equivalent; (B) 10 to 50 mol.% of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride or vinyl bromide, and (C) 30 to 80 mol.% of at least one other halogenfree compound of general Formula (II) in which R3 represents H or CH3, and R4 represents the group -C#N, where R5 is C1 to C4-alkyl, or the group where R5 is C1 to C4-alkyl, and R6 represents H or CH3. The polymer is produced in an amide containing aprotic solvent, e.g. dimethyl formamide or dimethyl acetamide containing up to 10% by weight of water. Examples are given in ...

TREATMENT OF SURFACES

... 1523041 Polymerisation vessel B F GOODRICH CO 30 April 1976 [2 May 1975] 17610/76 Heading B1X [Also in Division C3] A process for eliminating the build-up of polymers on surfaces within a polymerisation reaction vessel comprises applying to the surfaces a coating solution of a straight chain or branched polyaromatic amine having a molecular weight greater than 250 dissolved in a aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution, the polyaromatic amine having the structures defined in Patent Specification No. 1491115. The internal surface may be washed with water after application of the coating solution. The aqueous suspension polymerisation of vinyl chloride in coated vessels is exemplified.

VINYL HALIDE POLYMERISATION IN COATED REACTOR

SELF-EXTINGUISHING COPOLYMERS

LOW-EMISSION REMOVAL OF VINYL CHLORIDE FROM POLYMERS OF VINYL CHLORIDE

... 1519227 Vinyl chloride monomer recovery BASF AG 17 Oct 1975 [24 Oct 1974] 42647/75 Heading C3L Vinyl chloride monomer is recovered from an aqueous settling dispersion of vinyl chloride polymer by mechanical dehydration followed by treating the moist polymer at 40-140‹ C. while purging with steam; monomer is recovered from the effluent steam and the treated polymer is dried. The dispersion may be a suspension polymer or a coagulated latex.

PROCESS FOR RECOVERING UNREACTED MONOMER

FLUOROSULPHONYL OXAFLUOROALKANES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES

PREPARATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMERS

COPOLYMER LATEXES AND THEIR USE IN FLAME-RETARDANT ADHESIVE COMPOSITIONS

PROCESS FOR PREVENTING WALL DEPOSITS DURING VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMERISATION

... 1487516 Polymerizing vinyl chloride CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS AG 7 Feb 1975 [8 Feb 1974] 5239/75 Heading C3P Deposits on reactor walls in the aqueous medium polymerization of vinyl chloride are prevented by coating or lining the walls of the reactor with nickel or using a reactor made of nickel.

POLYMER POLYOLS

PHOTOGRAPHIC FILMS

... 1514510 Subbing layers BEXFORD Ltd 27 Sept 1976 [13 Oct 1975] 41838/75 Heading G2C [Also in Divisions B2 and C3] In a photographic film which comprises a selfsupporting plastics film support a subbing layer of a copolymer of vinylidene chloride applied to one, or both surfaces of the film and a light-sensitive photographic emulsion layer applied over the subbing layer(s), the subbing layer(s) comprise a copolymer prepared from: (a) 75 to 90 mole per cent of vinylidene chloride, (b) 2 to 16 mole per cent of a copolymerizable ester of a carboxylic acid other than a monoalkyl ester of itaconic acid as specified in (c), or acrylonitrite or methacrylonitrile, (c) 0À5 to 5 mole per cent of itaconic acid or a monoalkyl ester of itaconic acid wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms, arid (d) 3 to 8 mole per cent of acrylamide, methacrylamide or N-methylolacrylamide, (mole percentages being based on the total comonomeric composition). The subbing layer may be applied before, during ...

EMULSION POLYMERISATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE

TERMINATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMERISATION

... 1496808 Termination of vinyl chloride polymerization SOLVAY ET CIE SA 6 Oct 1975 [18 Oct 1974] 40864/75 Heading C3P The polymerization of vinyl chloride or the copolymerization of a mixture of monomers containing at least 50% by weight of vinyl chloride in aqueous dispersion is terminated by the addition of 8 hydroxyquinoline, preferably as a solution in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, methanol or mixtures thereof. In the examples vinyl chloride is polymerized in aqueous dispersion containing ammonium persulphate and sodium stearate and after the desired time there is added a solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline in trichloromethane or a mixture of methanol and dichloromethane or, for comparison, phenol, p-aminophenol or tertbutylcatechol.

Dialkyl substituted aldehydes as a chain transfer agent for vinyl chloride polymerization

Vinyl chloride homopolymers and copolymers of controlled molecular weight and desirable polymer melt rheology are obtained using as a chain transfer agent in the polymerization process an aldehyde which is at least dialkyl substituted. The aldehyde is represented by the general formula: wherein: R1 is hydrogen, lower alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or cyclohexyl; R2 is a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cyclohexyl; and R3 is ethyl, propyl, butyl, or cyclohexyl.l ...

SOLUTION OF FLUORINATED POLYMER HAVING CARBOXYLIC ACID SALT GROUPS

PROCESS FOR THE AFTER-TREATMENT OF PASTE-FORMING POLYMERS VINYL CHLORIDE

PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF VINYL CHLORIDE FROM AQUEOUS VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMER DISPERSIONS

... 1510339 Removing monomers from PVC dispersions CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS AG 28 Aug 1975 [29 Aug 1974 7 Sept 1974] 35515/75 Heading C3L The unconverted vinyl chloride content of PVC dispersions is reduced below 50 p.p.m. by heating to boiling at 80-100‹ C. for 3-60 minutes by the action of indirect heat and/or steam to give an evaporation rate of 0À006-0À2 kg. of steam and vinyl chloride evaporated per kg. of polymer per minute. In a continuous process the dispersion is heated in an intermediate container to 80-100‹ C. and the pressure adjusted to effect boiling, then passed to a degassing tower where it is contacted in countercurrent with steam.

EMULSION POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE

A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF POLYMERS AND CO-POLYMERS INSOLUBLE IN THEIR MONOMERS AND CO-MONOMERS

... 1299484 Polymerizing vinyl chloride PRODUITS CHIMIQUES PECHINEY SAINTGOBAIN 19 May 1970 [19 May 1969] 24224/70 Heading C3P Vinyl chloride is polymerized in bulk in the presence of a seeding product having a particle size of 0À01-5 microns which has been previously prepared in latex form and separated therefrom. The seed is formed in emulsion or suspension and is separated by atomization, filtration or centrifugal decantation followed by drying, and grinding or contacting with an organic liquid of the semi-solvent type, e.g. a plasticizer or a chlorinated hydrocarbon. An amount of 1-20% based on monomers of the seed product is used and the vinyl chloride is polymerized or copolymerized at -50‹ to 90‹ C. with an organosoluble catalyst. In one example a copolymer with vinyl acetate is produced. The product has a grain size of 10-60 microns.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PLASTICS POWDER BASED ON POLYVINYL CHLORIDE OR A VINYL CHLORIDE COPOLYMER

... 1482695 Spray drying vinyl chloride polymer dispersions CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS AG 26 Sept 1974 [27 Sept 1973] 41857/74 Heading C3P A plastics powder is produced by spraydrying a dispersion of a homo- or co-polymer of vinyl chloride with a one-component nozzle at an atomizing pressure of more than 500 bar. The nozzle preferably has an opening of from 0À3 to 0À6 mm. Suitable dispersions are aqueous dispersions which have been obtained by emulsion or homogenization polymerization. If a copolymer is used, suitable comonomers are vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, a vinyl ether, acrylonitrile or an acrylic acid ester. Pressure required for atomization may be produced by a piston membrane pump preferably provided with damping means to reduce pulsation. The aperture angle of the spray cone is preferably 60-120 degrees.

Improvements in drug delivery device

Improvement in drug delivery devices.

The invention relates to improvements in pressurised dispensing containers and particularly those for dispensing a metered dose of medicament. Pressurised dispensing container is provided for dispensing medicament wherein at least a portion of one or more of the internal surfaces of components of the pressurised dispensing container which come into contact with the medicament during storage or dispensing has a layer of one or more cold plasma preliminaried monomers bonded to at least a portion thereof.

Method of preparation of copolymer and polyvinyl chloride of vinyl chloride.

Manufactoring process of polyvinyl chloride.

Process of polymerization of vinyl chloride.

Process of polymerization and copolymerization redox of vinyl chloride.

Improvements in drug delivery device

Improvements in drug delivery device

PROCEDURE FOR POLYMERIZING VINYL CHLORIDE

PROCEDURE FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL HALIDE MONOMERS IN WAESSERIGER SUSPENSION

PROCEDURE FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL HALIDE MONOMERS IN WAESSERIGEM ENVIRONMENT

POLYMERIZATION OF HALOGENIERTEN MONOMERS IN PRESENCE OF A SILOXAN TENSID

VINYLHALOGENIDPOLYMERISATIONSVERFAHREN

POLYMERIZATION PROCEDURE WITH DIACYLPEROXIDEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE AND VINYL CHLORIDE COPOLYMERS

VERFAHREN ZUR ZUSATZLICHEN KUHLUNG VON POLYMERISATIONSANSATZEN