Pigmented dispersion and its use in colored thermoplastic resin sheet

BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS FOR LOWERING INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE

The present invention provides a method of treating glaucoma, the method comprising the step of placing a polymer in an eye of a patient, which biologically degrades over a period of time to release biodegradants, which are effective to lower the intraocular pressure of the patient, thereby treating glaucoma. Said polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of polymers of lactic acid, glycolic acid and/or mixtures thereof. More preferably the polymer is a copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid, e.g. a copolymer comprising from 50 to 100% lactic acid and from 0 to 50% glycolic acid, by weight. 1. A method of treating glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension , the method comprising the step of placing a polymer in an eye of a patient , which biologically degrades over a period of time to release biodegradants , which are effective to lower the intraocular pressure of the patient , thereby treating glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension.2. The method of wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polymers of lactic acid claim 1 , glycolic acid and mixtures thereof.3. The method of wherein the polymer is a copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid.4. The method of wherein the polymer additionally comprises polyethylene glycol.5. A method of treating glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension claim 2 , the method consisting essentially of the step of placing a biodegradable polymer in an eye claim 2 , thereby treating glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension6. The method of wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid claim 5 , glycolic acid and mixtures thereof.7. The method of wherein the polymer is a copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid.8. The method of wherein the copolymer comprises from 50 to 100% claim 7 , by weight claim 7 , lactic acid and from 0 to 50% claim 7 , by weight claim 7 , glycolic acid claim 7 , by weight.9. The method of wherein the polymer additionally comprises polyethylene glycol.10. A method of ...

AGENT FOR THE TREATMENT OF SKIN CONDITIONS

Disclosed are methods of treatment and compositions containing at least one non-volatile silicone oil in combination with at least one spreading agent for use in the treatment of skin conditions in mammals typified by scales, plaques and scabs and associated with punctiform bleeding during the removal of scales, plaque or scabs. Preferred conditions are selected from the group consisting of seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and cradle cap wherein the incidence of punctiform bleeding and formation of bloody tear points on the skin during removal of the scales is diminished or prevented. 1. A composition comprising at least one non-volatile silicone oil in combination with at least one spreading agent for use in the treatment of skin conditions in mammals typified by scales , plaques and scabs and associated with punctiform bleeding during the removal of scales , plaque or scabs , wherein the incidence of punctiform bleeding and formation of bloody tear points on the skin during removal of the scales is diminished or prevented.2. The composition as recited in claims 1 , wherein it is present in the form of a solution with a viscosity of 5 to 25 cSt.3. The composition as recited in claim 2 , wherein the composition has a viscosity of 10 to 15 cSt.4. The composition as recited in one of to claim 2 , wherein the at least one non-volatile silicone oil is selected from the group containing poly dialkyl siloxanes claim 2 , poly diaryl siloxanes claim 2 , and poly alkylaryl siloxanes.5. The composition as recited in one of to claim 2 , wherein the non-volatile silicone oil is dimethicone with a viscosity of 90 cSt to 200 cSt.6. The composition as recited in claim 5 , wherein the silicone oil is dimethicone with a viscosity of 90 cSt to 120 cSt.7. The composition as recited in one of to claim 5 , wherein the spreading agent is selected from the group including oleyl oleate claim 5 , ethylhexyl stearate claim 5 , hexyl laurate claim 5 , dibutyl adipate claim 5 , dicaprylyl ...

Polyethylene Glycol Compositions for Controlling Relapse of Herpes Labialis, Herpes Genitalis, and Herpes Zoster

The present invention pertains generally to the field of therapy, and more specifically to the field of therapy for herpes simplex and herpes zoster, and more particularly, to methods of reducing the rate of relapse, delaying relapse, and/or preventing relapse of herpes labialis (cold sores on the lips), herpes genitalis (genital herpes), and herpes zoster (shingles, zona), by topical administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a composition comprising PEG. 158-. (canceled)59. A method of reducing the rate of relapse , delaying relapse , and/or preventing relapse of herpes labialis in a patient , comprising topically administering a therapeutically effective amount of: polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol; wherein the method is performed for a duration of at least 4 weeks.60. A method according to claim 59 , which is a method of reducing the rate of relapse of herpes labialis in a patient claim 59 , comprising topically administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of: polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol.61. A method according to claim 59 , which is a method of delaying relapse of herpes labialis in a patient claim 59 , comprising topically administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of: polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol.62. A method according to claim 59 , which is a method of preventing relapse of herpes labialis in a patient claim 59 , comprising topically administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of: polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol.63. A method according to claim 59 , wherein the method is performed for a duration of at least 8 weeks.64. A method according to claim 59 , wherein the method is performed for a duration of at least 3 months.65. A method according to claim 59 , wherein the topical administration is from once daily to five times daily.66. A method ...

RESORBABLE POLYSTATIN BIOMATERIALS

Resorbable biomaterials including polystatin polymers and devices including the resorbable biomaterials are described. Methods of making the resorbable biomaterials and devices including resorbable biomaterials are also described. 1. A polymer composition comprising:a statin; andone or more of lactide, glycolide, and ε-caprolactone,wherein the statin is covalently attached to the one or more of lactide, glycolide and ε-caprolactone.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises a lactone containing statin and at least one lactide claim 1 , glycolide and ε-caprolactone.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the lactide comprises about 45 wt. % to about 85 wt. % of the total polymer.4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the glycolide comprises about 5 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of the total polymer.5. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the lactone containing statin comprises about 15 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of the total polymer.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the statin is one or more of simvastatin claim 1 , atorvastatin claim 1 , cerivastatin claim 1 , fluvastatin claim 1 , lovastatin claim 1 , mevastatin claim 1 , pitavastatin claim 1 , pravastatin claim 1 , rosuvastatin claim 1 , simvastatin claim 1 , velostatin claim 1 , dalvastatin claim 1 , carvastatin claim 1 , and cefvastatin.7. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more additional pharmaceutical agents selected from the group consisting of paclitaxel claim 1 , mTOR claim 1 , rapamicin claim 1 , sirolimus claim 1 , everolimus claim 1 , and zotarolimus.8. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) claim 1 , poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) claim 1 , poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) claim 1 , poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) claim 1 , montmorillonite (MMT) claim 1 , poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) (P(LLA-CL)) claim 1 , poly(ε-caprolactone-co-ethyl ethylene phosphate) (P(CL-EEP)) claim 1 , poly[bis(p-methylphenoxy)phosphazene] (PNmPh) ...

HEMOSTATIC COMPOSITIONS

The invention discloses a hemostatic composition comprising: 1. A hemostatic composition comprising:a) a biocompatible polymer in particulate form suitable for use in hemostasis; andb) one hydrophilic polymeric component comprising reactive groups.2. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible polymer and the hydrophilic polymeric component are present in dry form.3. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , wherein said biocompatible polymer suitable for use in hemostasis contains a member selected from the group consisting of a protein claim 1 , a polysaccharide claim 1 , a biologic polymer claim 1 , a non-biologic polymer; and derivatives and combinations thereof.4. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , wherein said biocompatible polymer suitable for use in hemostasis contains a protein selected from the group consisting of gelatin claim 1 , collagen claim 1 , albumin claim 1 , hemoglobin claim 1 , fibrinogen claim 1 , fibrin claim 1 , casein claim 1 , fibronectin claim 1 , elastin claim 1 , keratin claim 1 , and laminin; and derivatives and combinations thereof.5. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , wherein said biocompatible polymer suitable for use in hemostasis contains a crosslinked protein claim 1 , a crosslinked polysaccharide claim 1 , a crosslinked biologic polymer claim 1 , a crosslinked non-biologic polymer; or mixtures thereof.6. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic polymer component is a polyalkylene oxide polymer.7. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrophilic polymeric component with reactive groups is a polyethylene glycol (PEG).8. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible polymer is crosslinked gelatin and the hydrophilic polymeric component is pentaerythritolpoly(ethyleneglycol)ether tetrasuccinimidyl glutarate.9. The hemostatic composition according to claim 1 , provided in dry ...

Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Methods for treating renal cancer by administration of certain 3,3′,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine-N,N′-dioxide compounds, especially 3,3′,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine-N,N′-dioxide (Orellanine), conjugated to an alpha-emitting radionuclide (e.g. Astatine-211) to increase the efficacy of the formulation and/or a large molecule (e.g. a oligomer/polymer such as a PEG or a polysaccharide such as a dextran or a Ficoll®) to reduce the filtration and consequently the renal exposure. Particular administration protocols and dosing regimens, as well as pharmaceutical compositions suitable for use in the treatment methods can be used. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conjugate comprising the compound of Formula I bound to a macromolecule and/or a cytotoxic agent is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.3. The method of any of claim 1 , wherein the at least one macromolecule is selected from the group consisting of a polypeptide claim 1 , a polyethylene glycol claim 1 , a dextran and a Ficoll.4. The method of any of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cytotoxic agent is selected from the group consisting of a toxin and a radionuclide.56-. (canceled)7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the radionuclide is chosen from the group consisting of Astatine-211 claim 4 , Bismuth-212 claim 4 , Bismuth-213 claim 4 , Actinium-225 claim 4 , Lead-212 and Terbium-149.8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the radionuclide is Astatine-211.910-. (canceled)11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conjugated compound is administered in sequential doses between two and seven days apart.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is administered daily.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is administered by at least one mode selected from parenteral claim 1 , subcutaneous claim 1 , intramuscular claim 1 , intravenous claim 1 , intrarticular claim 1 , intrabronchial claim 1 , intraabdominal claim 1 , intracapsular claim 1 , intracartilaginous claim 1 , intracavitary claim 1 , ...

SILICON-CONTAINING BIODEGRADABLE MATERIAL FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY THERAPY

The present invention relates to a silicon-containing, biodegradable material for preventing and/or treating diseases that are associated with increased interleukin-1β and/or interleukin-6 and/or interleukin-8 activity and/or that can be treated by lowering said cytokine activity. 1. A silicon-containing , biodegradable material for preventing and/or treating a disease associated with increased interleukin-1β and/or interleukin-6 and/or interleukin-8 activity and/or disease in which a reduction in the activity of interleukin-1β and/or interleukin-6 and/or interleukin-8 is beneficial for the healing process , wherein the silicon-containing , biodegradable material is a polyhydroxysilicic acid ethyl ester compound , with the proviso that wound defects , comprising chronic diabetic-neuropathic ulcer , chronic leg ulcer , bedsores , secondary-healing infected wounds , non-irritating , primary-healing wounds , ablative lacerations and/or abrasions , are excluded from said disease that can be prevented and/or treated with said material.2. The silicon-containing claim 1 , biodegradable material according to claim 1 , wherein the material is in the form of a fibre claim 1 , a fibre matrix claim 1 , powder claim 1 , liquid formulation claim 1 , monolith and/or coating.3. The silicon-containing claim 2 , biodegradable material according to claim 2 , capable of being produced by:a) at least one hydrolysis-condensation reaction of tetraethoxysilaneb) evaporation for producing a single-phase solution optionally with simultaneous gentle mixing of reaction system;c) cooling of the single-phase solution;d) maturation for producing silica sol material; and drying, optionally spray drying or freeze-drying of said silica sol material to generate a powder and optionally dissolving said powder in a solvent to generate a liquid formulation and/or', 'casting said silica sol material in a mould to generate a monolith.', 'coating said silica sol material on an object that is to be coated ...

ANISOTROPIC HYDROGELS

Anisotropic hydrogels including poly(vinyl alcohol) and which have physical cross-links so as to form materials which exhibit anisotropic mechanical properties characteristic of soft biological tissues wherein the anisotropic hydrogel may be used for tissue reconstruction and/or replacement including vessels, arteries, valve components, cartilage, ligaments, skin, and other medical uses such as stents, medical phantoms, contact lenses, bandages, and the like. 1. An anisotropic hydrogel comprising physical cross-links and exhibiting at least one anisotropic mechanical property.2. The anisotropic hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein said anisotropic hydrogel comprises poly(vinyl alcohol).3. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein a ratio of the modulus of elasticity in a first direction to the modulus of elasticity in a second orthogonal direction is between approximately 1.4 and 1.9.4. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein a ratio of the tangent modulus of elasticity in a first direction to the tangent modulus of elasticity in a second orthogonal direction is between approximately 1.4 and 2.4.5. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said anisotropic mechanical property is characteristic of a soft biological tissue.6. The anisotropic hydrogel according to provided in the form of an anisotropic tubular conduit.7. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said soft biological tissue is selected from the group consisting of vascular vessels claim 5 , heart valve leaflets claim 5 , cartilage claim 5 , ligaments and skin.8. The anisotropic hydrogel according to claim 7 , wherein said vascular vessel is an aorta or coronary artery.9. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said poly(vinyl alcohol) is present in an amount ranging from approximately 5% to about 25%.10. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said poly(vinyl alcohol) is present in an amount ranging from approximately 7% to about 15%.11. The anisotropic hydrogel ...

Fluoroelastomer composition

A (per)fluoroelastomer composition having improved plasma resistance comprising at least one (per)fluoroelastomer [fluoroelastomer (A)] and from 0.1 to 50 weight parts per 100 parts by weight of said fluoroelastomer (A) of alkaline-earth metal carbonate particles [particles (P)]. Each particle comprises a core consisting essentially of at least one alkaline-earth metal carbonate and a shell consisting essentially of at least one Group IV transition metal compound. 1. A (per)fluoroelastomer composition comprising:at least one (per)fluoroelastomer [fluoroelastomer (A)]; and(A) of alkaline-earth metal carbonate particles [particles (P)], each said-particle comprising:(a) a core consisting essentially of at least one alkaline-earth metal carbonate; and(b) a shell consisting essentially of at least one Group IV transition metal compound.6. The (per)fluoroelastomer composition of claim 1 , wherein the particles (P) comprise a core consisting essentially of at least one carbonate selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate claim 1 , calcium carbonate claim 1 , strontium carbonate claim 1 , barium carbonate claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. The (per)fluoroelastomer composition of claim 1 , wherein the particles (P) comprise a shell consisting of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium compounds claim 1 , zirconium compounds claim 1 , hafnium compounds and mixtures thereof.8. The (per)fluoroelastomer composition of claim 1 , wherein the Group IV transition metal compound of the shell is a titanium compound claim 1 , and wherein said shell comprises TiO claim 1 , in amorphous and/or crystalline form.9. A method for fabricating shaped articles claim 1 , comprising using the (per)fluoroelastomer composition of .10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the (per)fluoroelastomer composition is fabricated by moulding claim 9 , calendering claim 9 , or extrusion claim 9 , into the desired shaped article claim 9 , which is subjected to ...

BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITION HAVING HIGH MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS

A starch based biodegradable composition comprising starch, a polyvinyl alcohol covinyl acetate copolymer and pentaerythritol, which can be produced industrially according to the techniques commonly used for traditional plastics is provided. 2. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the non converted starch is present in a quantity of 20 to 60 wt % claim 1 , the polyvinyl alcohol co-vinyl acetate copolymer is present in a quantity of 10-48 wt % and the plasticizers are present in a quantity of 10-40 wt % with respect to the total weight of the dry product.3. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 2 , wherein the non converted starch is present in a quantity of 25-45 wt % claim 2 , the polyvinyl alcohol co-vinyl acetate copolymer is present in a quantity of 20-45 wt % and the plasticizers are present in a quantity of 15-35 wt % with respect to the total weight of the dry product.4. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizers contain pentaerythritol in a quantity of 50-80% with respect to the total weight of the plasticizers claim 1 , said product having an elastic modulus comprised between 450 and 2000 MPa claim 1 , an energy at break >1200 kJ/mand a load at break >25 MPa measured at 23° C. and 55% of relative humidity on a 30-50 micrometers film.5. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to wherein the product has an energy at break >1500 kJ/mand a load at break >30 MPa.6. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the non converted starch is maize starch.7. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate copolymer has a degree of hydrolysis >75%.8. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 7 , wherein the polyvinyl ...

RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED ARTICLE THEREOF

There is provided a resin composition affording a melt-molded article having excellent gas barrier properties and flex crack resistance. The present invention relates to a resin composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) having a 1,2-diol structural unit represented by the following general formula (1), a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B), and a polyamide graft block copolymer (C) containing a polymer block of an aromatic vinyl compound and a polymer block of an olefinic compound in a main chain and having a graft chain composed of a polyamide: 2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content ratio (A)/{(B)+(C)} of the polyvinyl alcohol copolymer (A) to the total of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B) and the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 95/5 to 50/50 as a weight ratio.3. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content ratio (B)/(C) of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B) to the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 80/20 to 2/98 as a weight ratio.4. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the polyamide component in the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 20 to 80 weight %.5. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio η/ηof melt viscosity ηof the polyvinyl resin copolymer (A) to melt viscosity ηof a mixture of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B) and the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 0.5 to 3.6. A molded article obtained by melt-molding the resin composition according to . The present invention relates to a resin composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin as a main component and having a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer blended thereto. More particularly, the present invention relates to a resin composition which affords a molded article excellent in flex crack resistance and gas barrier properties and is excellent in melt-viscosity stability during molding and the like through formation of a sea-island structure ...

COATINGS FOR DRUG DELIVERY DEVICES

A polymer coating for medical devices based on a polyolefin derivative. A variety of polymers are described to make coatings for medical devices, particularly, for drug delivery stents. The polymers include homo-, co-, and terpolymers having at least one olefin-derived unit and at least one unit derived from vinyl alcohol, allyl alcohol and derivatives thereof. 1. A coating for a medical device , the coating comprising a polymer having at least one unit (I):{'br': None, 'sub': '2', 'sup': '1', '—[CH—CHR]—\u2003\u2003(I)'} {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2, 'sup': '2', '—[CH—CR(CHOH)]—\u2003\u2003(II)'}, 'and at least one unit (II)wherein the coating is capable of containing a drug, and{'sup': 1', '2, 'wherein each of Rand Ris independently selected from a group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group.'}2. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group is methyl.3. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the polymer absorbs not more than 5% of water by mass.4. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is soluble in an organic solvent.5. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the polymer has a tensile strength of not less than about 24 MPa (3 claim 1 ,500 pounds per square inch).6. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the polymer has an ultimate elongation exceeding 30 percent.7. A coating for a stent claim 1 , the coating comprising a polymer having at least one unit (I):{'br': None, 'sub': '2', 'sup': '1', '—[CH—CHR]—\u2003\u2003(I)'} {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2, 'sup': '2', '—[CH—CR(CHOH)]—\u2003\u2003(II)'}, 'and at least one unit (II){'sup': '1', 'wherein Ris selected from a group consisting of a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group; and'}{'sup': '2', 'Ris selected from a group consisting of a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group, wherein the coating contains a drug.'}8. The coating of claim 7 , wherein each of Rand Ris independently selected from a group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group.9. The coating of claim 8 , wherein the alkyl group is methyl.10. The coating of claim 7 , ...

RESIN BLEND

Provided are a resin blend for melt processing, a pellet and a method of preparing a resin article using the same. The resin blend may include a first resin, and a second resin having a difference in melt viscosity from the first resin of 0.1 to 3000 pa*s at a shear rate of 100 to 1000 sand a processing temperature of the resin blend. The resin blend can improve mechanical and surface characteristics of a resin article. Further, since coating or plating is not required for manufacturing a resin article, a manufacturing time and/or cost can be reduced, and productivity can be increased. 1. A resin blend for melt processing , comprising:a first resin; and{'sup': '−1', 'a second resin having a difference in melt viscosity from the first resin of 0.1 to 3000 pa*s at a shear rate of 100 to 1000 sand a processing temperature of the resin blend.'}2. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a molecular weight distribution of 1 to 2.5.3. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a weight average molecular weight of 30 claim 1 ,000 to 200 claim 1 ,000.4. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the first resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene-based resin claim 1 , a polyolefin-based resin claim 1 , a thermoplastic elastomer claim 1 , a polyoxyalkylene-based resin claim 1 , a polyester-based resin claim 1 , a polyvinyl chloride-based resin claim 1 , a polycarbonate-based resin claim 1 , a polyphenylene sulfide-based resin claim 1 , a vinyl alcohol-based resin claim 1 , an acrylate-based resin claim 1 , engineering plastics and a copolymer thereof.5. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an anti-wear resin claim 1 , an anti-contamination resin claim 1 , an anti-fingerprint resin claim 1 , a colored resin claim 1 , a pearl resin claim 1 , a high-gloss resin claim 1 , a non-gloss resin and a barrier ...

RESIN BLEND

Provided are a resin blend for melt processing, a pellet and a method of preparing a resin article using the same. The resin blend may include a first resin, and a second resin having a difference in surface energy from the first resin at 25° C. of 0.1 to 35 mN/m. The resin blend can improve mechanical and surface characteristics of a resin article. Further, since coating or plating is not required for manufacturing a resin article, a manufacturing time and/or cost can be reduced, and productivity can be increased. 1. A resin blend for melt processing , comprising:a first resin; anda second resin having a difference in surface energy from the first resin at 25° C. of 0.1 to 35 mN/m.2. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a molecular weight distribution of 1 to 2.5.3. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a weight average molecular weight of 30 claim 1 ,000 to 200 claim 1 ,000.4. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the first resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene-based resin claim 1 , a polyolefin-based resin claim 1 , a thermoplastic elastomer claim 1 , a polyoxyalkylene-based resin claim 1 , a polyester-based resin claim 1 , a polyvinyl chloride-based resin claim 1 , a polycarbonate-based resin claim 1 , a polyphenylene sulfide-based resin claim 1 , a vinyl alcohol-based resin claim 1 , an acrylate-based resin claim 1 , engineering plastics and a copolymer thereof.5. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an anti-wear resin claim 1 , an anti-contamination resin claim 1 , an anti-fingerprint resin claim 1 , a colored resin claim 1 , a pearl resin claim 1 , a high-gloss resin claim 1 , a non-gloss resin and a barrier resin.6. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylate-based resin ...

Composition And Methods For Antimicrobial Articles

A biocompatible controlled release form of complexed iodine is achieved by a complexation of polyvinyl alcohol based foam and characterized by a residual starch component to optimize iodine release profiles. The resulting iodine complexed polyvinyl alcohol foam may be utilized locally as an antimicrobial agent that releases controlled amounts of iodine sufficient to kill microbes for extended durations without excessive bulk and rigidity. 1. A PVA foam article comprising:a) at least in part a pore forming carbohydrate, and{'sup': '3', 'b) iodine complexed at least in part to the PVA, where the pre-iodine complexed density of the PVA foam is at least 0.074 g/cm.'}2. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the carbohydrate is a polysaccharide including starches.3. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the iodine is further complexed at least in part to the carbohydrate.4. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , further comprising a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm.5. The PVA foam article of claim 2 , where the article is packaged with a moisture content of at least 40% (w/w).6. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the article is a sponge for disinfecting surfaces or liquids.7. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the article is a sponge for treatment of diseased tissues including tissues of wounds and tissues of otitis conditions.8. The PVA foam article of claim 7 , where the complexed foam exhibits the controlled in vitro cumulative release of iodine in distilled water at 37 C at or near sink conditions of:a) between 50 ppm and 175 ppm at 3 hours,b) between 100 ppm and 300 ppm at 6 hours, andc) between 180 ppm and 400 ppm at 12 hours.9. The PVA foam article of claim 8 , when applied to a patient wound is capable of continuously releasing iodine for at least 24 hours.10. The PVA foam article of claim 8 , wherein the in vitro release is measured by an iodine release test which utilizes:h) a shaker bath,i) a lateral agitation distance of 0.5 inches,j) a release media of ...

METHODS FOR ENHANCING OXYGENATION OF JEOPARDIZED TISSUE

The present invention provides methods for preventing the adverse effects of transfusing a patient with blood or blood products compromised by storage lesion. The methods include administering to a patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The safety and effectiveness of transfusing blood with storage lesion can be increased using the methods of the invention. 1. A method for preventing or reducing the adverse effects of transfusing a patient with blood or a blood product compromised by storage lesion , the method comprising: {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4', 'a', '3', '6', 'b', '2', '4', 'a, 'HO(CHO)—(CHO)—(CHO)H;'}, 'administering to a patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer having the chemical formula{'sub': 3', '6', '2', '4, 'wherein b is an integer such that the hydrophobe represented by (CHO) has a molecular weight of approximately 950 to 4000, preferably approximately 1200 to 3500, and a is an integer such that the hydrophile portion represented by (CHO) constitutes approximately 50% to 95% by weight of the compound, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer has the formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2', 'a', '2', '3', 'b', '2', '2', 'a, 'HO(CHCHO)—(CHCH(CH)O)—(CHCH)H;'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'wherein the value of b is such that the molecular weight of the hydrophobe (CHCH(CH)O) unit is approximately 1750 Daltons and the total molecular weight of the compound is approximately 8400 Daltons.'}3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer is purified to reduce low and/or high molecular weight substances so that the polydispersity value is less than or equal to approximately 1.07.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer is ...

Method For The Production Of Foam Moulded Parts

The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of foam moulded parts. Further the present invention relates to foamed moulded parts. The present method comprises the following steps: 1. A method for the production of foam moulded parts based on polymer foam granules , wherein the method comprises the following steps:i) the provision of polymer foam granules,ii) mixing the polymer foam granules with a glue composition,iii) flowing a heat transfer medium through the mixture obtained in step ii) to obtain said foamed moulded part.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein hot air is used as said heat transfer medium.3. The method according to wherein the polymer foam granules are selected from the group consisting of expanded polylactic acid claim 1 , polylactic acid-starch mixture claim 1 , polylactic acid-poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) mixture claim 1 , polylactic acid with polyhydroxyalkanoate compounds claim 1 , expanded polystyrene claim 1 , expanded polystyrene/poly(p-phenyleneoxide claim 1 , expanded polypropylene claim 1 , expanded polyethene claim 1 , expanded polyethylene terephthalate claim 1 , starch foam claim 1 , or one or more combinations thereof.4. The method according to wherein the glue composition comprises one or more of the components based on polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polyvinyl acetate en styrene.5. The method according wherein step ii) further comprises adding the mixture of glue composition and polymer foam granules to two pressure bodies and subsequently exerting pressure via the said pressure bodies.6. The method according to wherein the pressure bodies comprise two parallel arranged transport bands between which the mixture of glue composition and polymer foam granules is located.7. The method according to wherein the glue composition further comprises one or more additives claim 1 , selected from the group consisting of colouring agents claim 1 , materials to increase the heat insulation value and flame retarding ...

PEG OR PEG BLOCK COPOLYMERS FOR TREATING COLORECTAL CANCER

The present invention relates to methods for and of treating, ameliorating or preventing colorectal cancer (CRC) in humans using polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a PEG block-copolymer such as Pluronic® F68. Compositions for use in treating, ameliorating and/or preventing CRC comprising PEG are also disclosed. Such compositions may be used in the methods of the invention. 1. A method for treating , ameliorating and/or preventing CRC in humans wherein the method comprises administering approximately 800 grams or greater (such as between 800 grams and 2365 grams) of PEG or PEG block co-polymer over a period of 36 consecutive calendar months.2. A method for treating , ameliorating and/or preventing CRC in humans wherein the method comprises administering approximately 800 grams or greater (such as between 800 grams and 2365 grams) of PEG or PEG block co-polymer over a period of 24 consecutive calendar months.3. A method for treating , ameliorating and/or preventing CRC in humans wherein the method comprises administering approximately 800 grams or greater (such as between 800 grams and 2365 grams) of PEG or PEG block co-polymer over a period of 18 to 36 consecutive calendar months.4. A method as claimed in wherein the method comprises administering between 0.1 grams and 6.0 grams of PEG or PEG block co-polymer on a daily basis.5. (canceled)6. The method of for ameliorating CRC in humans by reducing the incidence and/or growth of aberrant crypt foci (ACF).7. (canceled)8. The method of for treating claim 1 , ameliorating and/or preventing CRC in humans and for the simultaneous use in preventing constipation and/or maintaining normal gastrointestinal transit time in humans.9. The method of wherein the method comprises administering between 266 and 1181 grams (e.g. between 400.3 to 1181.3 grams or between 266.9 and 787.5 grams or 400.3 and 787.5 grams) of PEG or PEG block co-polymer over a period of 12 consecutive calendar months.10. The method of wherein the method comprises ...

Cryogels of pva-boronic acid containing co-polymers for cell culture

A cryogel contains a polyol and a co-polymer of Formula (I).

SHAPING SLURRY AND SHAPING METHOD

A shaping slurry that forms a shaped product with a granule includes: a water-based solvent; a hydrophobic granule that forms the shaped product; and an amphiphatic solid polymer that forms the shaped product, and is dissolved in the water-based solvent. 1. A shaping slurry that forms a shaped product with a granule ,the shaping slurry comprising:a water-based solvent;a hydrophobic granule that forms the shaped product; andan amphiphatic solid polymer that forms the shaped product, and is dissolved in the water-based solvent.2. The shaping slurry according to claim 1 ,wherein the granule is a resin granule,wherein the water-based solvent contains a nonorganic main solvent component, andwherein the amphiphatic solid polymer has a hydrocarbon chain backbone, and a side-chain hydrophilic functional group.3. The shaping slurry according to claim 1 , wherein the amphiphatic solid polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.4. The shaping slurry according to claim 3 ,wherein the water-based solvent is water, andwherein the polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of from 300 to 1,000, inclusive.5. The shaping slurry according to claim 3 ,wherein the water-based solvent is water, andwherein the polyvinyl alcohol has a saponification degree of from 85 to 90, inclusive.6. The shaping slurry according to claim 1 , further comprising a fiber material. This application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/105,080 filed May 11, 2011 which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-120204, filed May 26, 2010 all of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.1. Technical FieldThis invention relates to shaping slurries used for shaping, and shaping methods using such shaping slurries.2. Related ArtThe lamination shaping method has been commonly used as a method of rapidly producing a prototype shaped product (rapid prototyping). In the lamination shaping method, a shaped product model created by three-dimensional CAD or the ...

Ionomer-poly(vinyl alcohol) blends

Disclosed is a composition comprising (a) a poly(vinyl alcohol) characterized by (i) a hydrolysis level of from about 85 to about 93 mole % and a 4 weight % aqueous viscosity at 20° C. of 15 centipoise or less; or (ii) a hydrolysis level of about 95 mole % or greater; and (b) an ionomer comprising a parent acid copolymer comprising copolymerized units of ethylene and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with melt flow rate from about 200 to about 1000 g/10 min., wherein about 50% to about 70% of the carboxylic acid groups of the copolymer are neutralized to carboxylic acid salts.

MOLDABLE SAND COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME

The present invention relates to moldable sand compositions, methods for making the moldable sand compositions, and methods for using the moldable sand compositions. In a particular embodiment, the moldable sand composition comprises between about 70% to about 95% sand, between about 5% to about 30% water, a polar polymeric resin, a crosslinking agent, and a humectant. In an exemplary embodiment, the composition contains no oils, waxes, glycols, or rubbers. The composition is capable of becoming hardened over time in order to maintain the achieved shape, and can be re-wetted and molded again after becoming hardened. 1. A moldable sand composition comprising between about 70% to about 95% sand , between about 5% to about 30% water , a polar polymeric resin , a crosslinking agent , and a humectant.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sand comprises silica sand.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises a boric compound.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the humectant comprises glycerin.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polar polymeric resin comprises PVA.6. The composition of comprising between about 80% to about 90% sand.7. The composition of comprising between about 7% to about 20% water.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of sand to water is between about 3 to about 15.9. The composition of comprising between about 0.5% to about 3% polar polymeric resin.10. The composition of comprising between about 1% to about 3% humectant.11. The composition of further comprising one or more additives claim 1 , wherein the additives are selected from the group consisting of pH adjusters claim 1 , buffers claim 1 , defoamers claim 1 , dispersing agents claim 1 , scents claim 1 , preservatives claim 1 , colorants claim 1 , and combinations thereof.12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises less than about 1% of the one or more additives.13. The moldable sand composition of comprising between ...

Employing Pretreatment and Fluorination of Fluoropolymer Resin to Reduce Discoloration

Process for reducing thermally induced discoloration of fluoropolymer resin produced by polymerizing fluoromonomer in an aqueous dispersion medium to form aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion and isolating said fluoropolymer from the aqueous medium by separating fluoropolymer resin in wet form from the aqueous medium and drying to produce fluoropolymer resin in dry form. The process comprises: 1. Process for reducing thermally induced discoloration of fluoropolymer resin , said fluoropolymer resin produced by polymerizing fluoromonomer in an aqueous dispersion medium to form aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion and isolating said fluoropolymer from said aqueous medium by separating fluoropolymer resin in wet form from the aqueous medium and drying to produce fluoropolymer resin in dry form , said process comprising:pretreating the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion and/or the fluoropolymer resin in wet or dry form; andexposing the fluoropolymer resin in dry form to fluorine.2. The process of wherein said process reduces thermally induced discoloration by at least about 10% as measured by ° A) change in L* on the CIELAB color scale.3. The process of wherein said aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion contains hydrocarbon surfactant which causes said thermally induced discoloration.4. The process of wherein said fluoropolymer dispersion is polymerized in the presence of hydrocarbon surfactant.5. The process of wherein said fluoropolymer resin is melt-processible.6. The process of wherein said exposing of said fluoropolymer resin to fluorine is carried out above the melting point of the fluoropolymer resin.7. The process of wherein said exposing the fluoropolymer resin to fluorine is carried out with the fluoropolymer resin heated to a temperature above its melting point up to about 400° C.8. The process of wherein said exposing of said fluoropolymer resin to fluorine is carried out below the melting point of the fluoropolymer resin.9. The process of wherein said exposing ...

CROSSLINKED RESIN FINE PARTICLE AND COATING COMPOSITION

The object of the present disclosure is to provide a crosslinked resin fine particle which has a particle diameter small enough to be used suitably for the purpose of viscosity control and can be produced inexpensively. Crosslinked resin fine particles obtained by reacting a vinyl monomer composition comprising: 1. Crosslinked resin fine particles obtained by reacting a vinyl monomer composition comprising5 to 50% by weight of a (meth)acrylamide-based monomer (A),5 to 50% by weight of a crosslinkable unsaturated monomer (B), and10 to 90% by weight of a (meth)acrylate having an alkyl group containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms (C) in an organic solvent, andhaving a number average particle diameter of 10 to 250 nm.2. The crosslinked resin fine particle according to claim 1 , wherein the (meth)acrylamide-based monomer (A) is at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylamide claim 1 , N-methyl(meth)acrylamide claim 1 , N-ethyl(meth)acrylamide claim 1 , N-propyl(meth)acrylamide claim 1 , and N-butyl(meth)acrylamide.3. The crosslinked resin fine particle according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinkable unsaturated monomer (B) is at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of N-methylol(meth)acrylamide and N-alkoxymethyl(meth)acrylamide.4. The crosslinked resin fine particle according to claim 1 , wherein the (meth)acrylate (C) is at least one monomer selected from compounds having a linear alkyl group containing 10 to 20 carbon atoms.5. The crosslinked resin fine particle according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl monomer composition further comprises a monomer (D) other than the (A) claim 1 , the (B) claim 1 , and the (C).6. The crosslinked resin fine particle according to claim 5 , wherein the vinyl monomer composition comprises a hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer (D-1) as the monomer (D) other than the (A) claim 5 , the (B) claim 5 , and the (C).7. The crosslinked resin fine particle according to claim 5 , wherein the vinyl monomer ...

Multipurpose Water Based Composition and Film Composition from a Water-Based Emulsion

A series of compositions, water based and solvent based, and a film composition from a water-based emulsion that yield substantially removable coatings disposed to be applied to the surface of numerous objects, including vehicles. The coatings allow for easy application and removal. These durable and easily applicable compositions may be dispensed in rollable, sprayable or hand stretch applied form, and no preparation to the surface is required. 1. A water based coating composition comprising:a quantity greater than fifty percent by weight water; anda quantity of less than fifty percent emulsion resin.2. The water based coating composition of further comprising at least one additive.3. The water based coating composition of wherein the at least one additive comprises a water reducible additive for latex coatings.4. The water based coating composition of wherein the at least one additive comprises a quantity of a floetrol® substance.5. The water based coating composition of wherein said composition may be placed on flocked vinyl.6. The water based coating composition of wherein the water based coating composition comprises a film composed of a water based emulsion.7. (canceled)8. A peelable film solution comprising:a range of 40-60 percent vinyl polymers by weight; and,a range of 50-60 percent water by weight.9. The peelable film solution of wherein the peelable film solution adheres to a surface with an adhesive medium.10. A spray film coating comprising:a solution of less than fifty five percent water by weight;a solution of fifty percent acrylic polymer emulsion by weight; and,a solution of in a range two to six percent non-regulated additives.11. The spray film coating wherein the spray film coating adheres to a surface with an adhesive medium. This application claims the benefit of and takes priority from U. S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/646,008 filed on May 11, 2012, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.The present ...

Methods for Coating a Substrate with an Amphiphilic Compound

Methods of modifying a patterned semiconductor substrate are presented including: providing a patterned semiconductor substrate surface including a dielectric region and a conductive region; and applying an amphiphilic surface modifier to the dielectric region to modify the dielectric region. In some embodiments, modifying the dielectric region includes modifying a wetting angle of the dielectric region. In some embodiments, modifying the wetting angle includes making a surface of the dielectric region hydrophilic. In some embodiments, methods further include applying an aqueous solution to the patterned semiconductor substrate surface. In some embodiments, the conductive region is selectively enhanced by the aqueous solution. In some embodiments, methods further include providing the dielectric region formed of a low-k dielectric material. In some embodiments, applying the amphiphilic surface modifier modifies an interaction of the low-k dielectric region with a subsequent process. 1. A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based surface modifier solution comprising:PVA dissolved in water at a concentration between 1 to 500 mM, wherein the PVA has a molecular weight in the range of 5 to 200 kiloDaltons and wherein the PVA is 99% hydrolyzed.2. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based surface modifier solution of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the PVA is between 25 and 100 mM.3. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based surface modifier solution of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the PVA is 25 mM claim 1 , the molecular weight is between 13 and 23 kiloDaltons claim 1 , and the PVA is 99% hydrolyzed.4. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based surface modifier solution of further comprising PVA compounds comprising thiol or amine.5. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based surface modifier solution of wherein the PVA compounds comprising thiol comprise polyvinyl mercaptan.6. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based surface modifier solution of wherein the PVA compounds comprising amine comprise ...

RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED PRODUCT THEREOF

Provided is a resin composition from which a melt molded product which is excellent in transparency, gas barrier property and flexibility and has biodegradability can be obtained. The present invention relates to a resin composition, which comprises a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (i) comprising a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) and an aliphatic-aromatic polyester (ii) comprising a specific component, wherein each of R, Rand Rindependently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, X represents a single bond or a bonding chain, and each of R, Rand Rindependently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. 2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein all of Rto Rin the formula (1) represent a hydrogen atom claim 1 , and X in the formula (1) represents a single bond.3. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) contained in the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (i) is 1 to 15% by mol.4. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein a content of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) contained in the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (i) is 1 to 15% by mol.5. A molded product claim 1 , which comprises a melt molded product of the resin composition according to .6. A laminated film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 1 , and a layer formed from another biodegradable polymer.7. A coextruded film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 1 , and a layer formed from another biodegradable polymer.8. A molded product claim 2 , which comprises a melt molded product of the resin composition according .9. A laminated film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 2 , and a layer formed from another biodegradable polymer.10. A coextruded film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 2 , and a layer ...

AQUEOUS METAL SURFACE TREATMENT AGENT FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY

This is to provide an aqueous metal surface treatment agent for a lithium ion secondary battery which can improve interlaminar adhesiveness between a metal member and a resin coating layer such as a film or a coated film, and solvent resistance without using trivalent chromium. 2. The metal surface treatment agent according to claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol resin:the metallic crosslinking agent is 1:5 to 500:1.3. The metal surface treatment agent according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of an oxide claim 1 , a hydroxide claim 1 , a complex compound claim 1 , an organometallic compound claim 1 , an organic acid salt and an inorganic acid salt of titanium claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , lanthanum or tungsten.4. The metal surface treatment agent according to claim 2 , wherein the metallic crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of an oxide claim 2 , a hydroxide claim 2 , a complex compound claim 2 , an organometallic compound claim 2 , an organic acid salt and an inorganic acid salt of titanium claim 2 , aluminum claim 2 , zirconium claim 2 , vanadium claim 2 , molybdenum claim 2 , cerium claim 2 , lanthanum or tungsten. The present invention relates to an aqueous metal surface treatment agent for a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a 1,2-diol structural unit and a metallic crosslinking agent.A treatment agent for treating the surface of a metal has been used in broad fields such as automobiles, home electric appliances, architecture, foods, medicines, etc., in particular, it is useful for improving interlaminar adhesiveness between a metal material such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, iron, zinc, nickel or an alloy thereof, and various resin coating layers provided on the surface thereof, solvent resistance of the resin coating layer and corrosion ...

MODIFIED VINYL ALCOHOL POLYMER SOLUTION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

An object of the present invention is to provide a modified PVA solution that enables physical properties such as viscosity to be adjusted even when a concentration of the modified PVA having high hydrophobicity is increased, and to provide a method for producing the modified PVA solution. The modified vinyl alcohol polymer solution of the present invention comprises: a modified vinyl alcohol polymer; an organic solvent; and water, the modified vinyl alcohol polymer: comprising a monomer unit having an alkyl group having a carbon number of 2 or greater and 29 or less;, and having a percentage content of the monomer unit being no less than 0.05 mol % and no greater than 5 mol %, and a degree of saponification of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer being no less than 20 mol % and no greater than 99.99 mol %, and in terms of Hansen solubility parameters of the organic solvent, δd being no less than 13 MPa and no greater than MPa, δp being no less than 4 MPaand no greater than 9 MPa, and δh being no less than 9 MPaand no greater than 13 MPa. 1. A modified vinyl alcohol polymer solution , comprising:a modified vinyl alcohol polymer;an organic solvent; andwater,wherein:the modified vinyl alcohol polymer comprises a monomer unit comprising an alkyl group having a carbon number of 2 or greater and 29 or less, such that a percentage content of the monomer unit is no less than 0.05 mol % and no greater than 5 mol %, and a degree of saponification of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer is no less than 20 mol % and no greater than 99.99 mol %; and{'sup': 0.5', '0.5', '0.5', '5', '0.5', '0.5, 'in terms of Hansen solubility parameters of the organic solvent, δd is no less than 13 MPaand no greater than 18 MPa, δp is no less than 4 MPaand no greater than 9 MPa, and δh is no less than 9 MPaand no greater than 13 MPa.'}2. The modified vinyl alcohol polymer solution according to claim 1 , wherein:the monomer unit has a carbon number of 11 or greater; anda ratio of the carbon number to ...

Biodegradable And Compostable Component For Cosmetic Packaging

A biodegradable component for a package for storing and dispensing a cosmetic product or a beauty care product is made from compressed fibrous biomass bound by a cosmetically compatible and compostable binder in a mold having a sidewall draft angle of 0 to 30 degrees. 1. A biodegradable component for a package for storing and dispensing cosmetic and beauty care products , the component comprising:a compressed fibrous biomass bound by a cosmetically compatible and compostable binder, the component adapted to store, dispense or apply cosmetic or beauty care products, wherein the component is formed in a mold having a sidewall draft angle that is about 0 degrees to about 30 degrees.2. The component of wherein the draft angle is about 0.1 degree to about 17 degrees.3. The component of wherein the draft angle is about 1 degree to about 7 degrees.4. The component of wherein the component is a pressed powder pan5. The component of wherein the pan is adapted to be used in a filling operation at powder pressing pressures in the range of 0.1 p.s.i to 2 claim 4 ,500 p.s.i.6. The method of wherein the cosmetically compatible and compostable binder is a resin selected from the group consisting of a biodegradable one of polyurethane resin claim 1 , polyester claim 1 , aliphatitic polyester claim 1 , polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polycaprolactone claim 1 , polyhydroxyalkanoate claim 1 , denatured starch claim 1 , a natural polymer claim 1 , a polyisocyanate claim 1 , polyglycolic acid claim 1 , polylactic acid claim 1 , polyhydroxybutyric acid claim 1 , polyhydroxyvaleric acid claim 1 , a polyhydroxycarboxylic acids claim 1 , polybutylene succinate and polybutylene adipatea.7. The method of wherein the cosmetically compatible and compostable binder is a naturally occurring constituent of the fibrous biomass. 1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to cosmetic and personal care packaging. In particular, the present invention is directed to biodegradable cosmetic and ...

SKIN COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

Provided are therapeutic formulations and methods of use thereof. 1. A method for treating wounds , comprising applying to a wound on a subject a formulation comprising:a) a first reactive reinforcing component; andb) a second cross-linking component;wherein said cross-linking component facilitates in situ cross-linking of the reactive reinforcing component, such that a film is formed on the wound, thereby treating the wound.2. A method for delivering an agent to a subject , comprising applying to the subject's skin a formulation comprising:a) a first reactive reinforcing component optionally comprising one or more agents; andb) a second cross-linking component optionally comprising one or more agents;wherein said cross-linking component facilitates in situ cross-linking of the reactive reinforcing component such that a film is formed on skin, thereby delivering the agent to the subject.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the agent is a cosmetic or a therapeutic agent.4. A method of treating a stress headache in a subject comprising said subject's brow a formulation comprising applying to an appropriate area of the subject's skin a formulation in an amount effective to lift the subject's brow claim 2 , the formulation comprisinga) a first reactive reinforcing component andb) a second cross-linking componentwherein the cross-linking component facilitates in situ cross-linking of the reactive reinforcing component such that a film is formed on skin, thereby treating the stress headache by lifting the brow.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the film is used in combination with one or more additional therapeutic agents.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the film has the appearance of natural skin.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactive reinforcing component has a viscosity of between about 50 claim 1 ,000 and 500 claim 1 ,000 cSt or cP at 25° C.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactive reinforcing component has a vinyl to functional hydride ratio of between ...

POLYESTERS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

The invention provides polymers and methods for the treatment of pain and inflammation. 1. A polyester comprising one or more groups of formula (I):{'br': None, '—C(═O)-A-C(═O)—O-L-O—\u2003\u2003(I)'}{'sub': 1', '8', '2', '10, 'wherein A is a C-Cmethylene chain that is covalently linked to one or more residues of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory; and L is a C-Cbranched or straight chain alkyl.'}2. The polyester of claim 1 , wherein the C-Cmethylene chain is covalently linked to the one or more residues of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory through an ester or amide linkage.3. The polyester of which comprises one or more groups of formula (Ia):{'br': None, 'sub': '1-8', '—C(═O)—[CH(B)]—C(═O)—O-L-O—\u2003\u2003(Ia)'}wherein each B is independently a residue of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.5. The polyester of wherein D is —O—.9. The polyester of which comprises 2-200 repeating groups of formula (II).10. The polyester of which comprises at least 2 claim 8 , 3 claim 8 , 4 claim 8 , 5 claim 8 , 6 claim 8 , 7 claim 8 , 8 claim 8 , or 9 repeating groups of formula (II).13. The polyester of wherein each non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent is selected from ibuprofen claim 1 , naproxen claim 1 , fenoprofen claim 1 , ketoprofen claim 1 , flurbiprofen claim 1 , suprofen claim 1 , benoxaprofen claim 1 , indoprofen claim 1 , pirprofen claim 1 , carprofen claim 1 , loxoprofen claim 1 , pranoprofen claim 1 , alminoprofen claim 1 , salicylic acid claim 1 , diflunisal claim 1 , salsalate claim 1 , oxaprozin claim 1 , indomethacin claim 1 , sulindac claim 1 , etodolac claim 1 , ketorolac claim 1 , diclofenac claim 1 , piroxicam claim 1 , meloxicam claim 1 , tenoxican claim 1 , lornoxicam claim 1 , isoxicam claim 1 , mefenamic acid claim 1 , meclofenamic acid claim 1 , flufenamic acid claim 1 , tolfenamic acid claim 1 , lumiracoxib and licofelone.14. The polyester of claim 1 , wherein L is a C-Cstraight chain alkyl.15. The polyester of claim 14 , wherein L is a C-Cstraight ...

METHODS FOR PREPARING HIGHLY VISCOUS IONOMER-POLY(VINYLALCOHOL) COATINGS

Disclosed are methods to form coatings on a substrate, the coatings comprising a blend of a poly(vinyl alcohol) composition comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) characterized by a hydrolysis level of from about 85 to about 93 mole % and a 4 weight % aqueous viscosity at 20° C. of about 16 to about 75 centipoise; and an ionomer comprising a parent acid copolymer that comprises ethylene and about 18 to about 30 weight % of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, the acid copolymer having a melt flow rate from about 200 to about 1000 g/10 min., wherein about 50% to about 70% of the carboxylic acid groups of the copolymer are neutralized to carboxylic acid salts comprising potassium cations, sodium cations or combinations thereof. Multilayer structures comprising the blend composition on a substrate are also disclosed. 1. A method to form a coating comprising a blend of ionomer and poly(vinyl alcohol) on a substrate , the method comprising(1) providing a blend composition comprising(a) about 99 to about 1 weight %, based on the combination of (a) and (b), of a poly(vinyl alcohol) composition comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) characterized by a hydrolysis level of from about 85 to about 93 mol % and a 4 weight % aqueous viscosity at 20° C. of from 16 to about 75 centipoise (cp); and(b) about 1 to about 99 weight %, based on the combination of (a) and (b), of an ionomer composition comprising a parent acid copolymer that comprises copolymerized units of ethylene and about 18 to about 30 weight % of copolymerized units of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, based on the total weight of the parent acid copolymer, the acid copolymer having a melt flow rate (MFR) from about 200 to about 1000 g/10 min., measured according to ASTM D1238 at 190° C. with a 2160 g load, wherein about 50% to about 70% of the carboxylic acid groups of the copolymer, based on the total carboxylic acid content of the parent acid copolymer as calculated for the non-neutralized parent acid copolymer, are neutralized ...

BULKING AGENTS

The invention relates to bulking agents and apparatus and methods for using the disclosed bulking agents. The bulking agents can be used to treat such conditions as urinary and fecal incontinence, gastro-esophageal reflux, ancurismal blockages, and cosmetic deformities. The invention also relates to an injection method that reduces the injection pressure required to place the bulking agents. 113-. (canceled)14. A method for bulking mammalian tissue comprising the steps of: introducing a bulking agent to the mammalian tissue , the bulking agent comprising: a carrier , and a plurality of substantially spherical polyvinyl alcohol particles dispersed within the carrier , the carrier aiding delivery of the substantially spherical polyvinyl alcohol particles to a site to be bulked; and coapting the mammalian tissue with the substantially spherical polyvinyl alcohol particles.15. The method of further comprising the step of viewing the tissue to be bulked during the introducing step.16. The method of wherein the bulking agent comprises a volume from about 1 ml to about 30 ml.17. The method of wherein at least some of the substantially spherical polyvinyl alcohol particles are sized from about 40 micron to about 1500 microns in diameter.1833-. (canceled) This application is a divisional of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/792,346, filed Mar. 11, 2013, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/946,990, filed on Nov. 16, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,394,400 which is a divisional of Ser. No. 10/459,895, filed Jun. 12, 2003, which claims the benefit of provisional U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60/388,446, which was filed on Jun. 12, 2002, all of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties herein.The invention relates generally to the treatment of mammalian tissue through the process of bulking, and more specifically to the injection of bulking particles into a treatment region of a mammalUrinary incontinence, vesicourethral reflux, ...

Methods For Endoscopic Mucosal Resection And Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

In one aspect, methods for separating biological tissue are described herein. In some embodiments, a method for separating tissue comprises providing a first composition comprising a polymerizable material, providing a second composition comprising a polymerization initiator, disposing the first composition at a first site beneath a first tissue layer, disposing the second composition at the first site, polymerizing the polymerizable material at the first site, and separating the first tissue layer from a second tissue layer. 119-. (canceled)20. A method for separating tissue comprising:providing a first composition comprising a polymerizable material;providing a second composition comprising a polymerization initiator;disposing the first composition at a first site beneath a first soft tissue layer, the first site comprising an interfacial region between the first soft tissue layer and an adjacent second soft tissue layer;disposing the second composition at the first site; andpolymerizing the polymerizable material at the first site,thereby separating the first tissue layer from the second tissue layer, the separation of the first and second tissue layers being at least partially caused by the polymerization of the polymerizable material at the first site.23. The method of claim 20 , wherein the first composition further comprises a cross linker.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the cross linker comprises an acrylate or polyacrylate.25. The method of claim 20 , wherein the first composition further comprises a drug.26. The method of claim 20 , wherein the polymerization initiator comprises a free radical initiator or redox initiator.27. The method of claim 20 , wherein the second composition further comprises a gas foaming agent.28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the gas foaming agent comprises bicarbonate.29. The method of claim 20 , wherein polymerizing the polymerizable material comprises forming a gel.30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the gel has a gel ...

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATING MAMMALIAN NERVE TISSUE INJURIES

To achieve, an in vivo repair of injured mammalian nerve tissue, an effective amount of a biomembrane fusion agent is administered to the injured nerve tissue. The application of the biomembrane fusion agent may be performed by directly contacting the agent with the nerve tissue at the site of the injury. Alternatively, the biomembrane fusion agent is delivered to the site of the injury through the blood supply after administration of the biomembrane fusion agent to the patient. The administration is preferably by parenteral administration including including intravascular, intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intraperitoneal injection of an effective quantity of the biomembrane fusion agent so that an effective amount is delivered to the site of the nerve tissue injury. 1. A method for treating an injury to nerve tissue of a mammalian patient , comprising administering an effective amount of a biomembrane fusion agent to the patient so that biomembrane fusion agent is delivered via the patient's vascular system to the site of the injured nerve tissue.28-. (canceled)9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said biomembrane fusion agent is in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said carrier is water.11. The method of wherein said biomembrane fusion agent is taken from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol claim 1 , polypropylene glycol claim 1 , polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol block copolymers claim 1 , and mixtures of polyethylene glycol claim 1 , polypropylene glycol claim 1 , and polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol block copolymers.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said biomembrane fusion agent has a molecular weight of about 400 daltons to about 3500 daltons.13. The method of wherein said biomembrane fusion agent is a hydrophilic polymer taken from the group consisting of polymethylene glycol claim 1 , polyethylene glycol claim 1 , polypropylene glycol claim 1 , polybutylene glycol claim 1 , polypentylene glycol ...

WATER-SOLUBLE PACKETS

The disclosure provides a water soluble pouch including at least two sealed compartments, the pouch including outer walls including water soluble film including a water soluble resin, and an inner wall including water soluble film including a water soluble resin, the outer wall films being sealed to the inner wall film, the outer wall films being characterized by: a dissolution time of 300 seconds or less, the water soluble resin of the outer wall films having a viscosity in a range of 14.5 cP to 25cP, and a pouch strength of at least 200 N, and the inner wall film being characterized by: a dissolution time of 300 seconds or less, the water soluble resin of the inner film having viscosity in a range of 12 cP to 14.5 cP, and a tackiness value of at least 1500 g/s. 1. A water soluble pouch defining an interior pouch volume , the pouch comprising at least two water-soluble films , wherein a film of the at least two water-soluble films comprises a polyvinyl alcohol resin comprising a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer comprising an anionic monomer unit , optionally one or more of maleic acid , monoalkyl maleate , dialkyl maleate monomethyl maleate dimethyl maleate , maleic anhydride , alkali metal salts of the foregoing , esters of the foregoing , and combinations of the foregoing , and wherein the water-soluble film comprising a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer comprising an anionic monomer unit is sealed to another film using a sealing solution comprising water , one or more diols and/or glycols , and a surfactant.2. The water-soluble pouch of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is one or more selected from polyoxyethylenated polyoxypropylene glycols claim 1 , alcohol ethoxylates claim 1 , alkylphenol ethoxylates claim 1 , tertiary acetylenic glycols and alkanolamides (nonionics) claim 1 , polyoxyethylenated amines claim 1 , quaternary ammonium salts and quaternized polyoxyethylenated amines (cationics) claim 1 , amine oxides claim 1 , N-alkylbetaines and sulfobetaines ( ...

FOOD PACKAGING FILMS FROM LIGNIN AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME

Provided herein are materials comprising a crosslinked polymer and a hydrophobic starch, wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises a first polymer and a second polymer and the first polymer comprises a lignin polymer or a salt thereof, and methods of use and preparation thereof. 1. A material comprising a hydrophobic starch and a crosslinked polymer , wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises a first polymer and a second polymer; the first polymer comprises a lignin polymer or a salt thereof; and', 'the second polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol or comprises one or more polymerized monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene, hydroxyethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, propylene, ethylene oxide, and propylene oxide., 'wherein2. The material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first polymer and the second polymer is about 1:20 to 20:1 by weight.3. The material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first polymer and the hydrophobic starch is about 1:20 to 20:1 by weight.4. The material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first polymer claim 1 , the second polymer claim 1 , and the hydrophobic starch is about 1:4:1.5. The material of claim 1 , further comprising an antioxidant claim 1 , wherein the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of tocopherol claim 1 , carotene claim 1 , lycopene claim 1 , lutein claim 1 , astaxanthin claim 1 , polyphenol claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The material of claim 5 , wherein the antioxidant comprises from about 1% to 20% by weight of the first polymer or about 0.1% to 10% of the total weight of the material.7. The material of claim 1 , further comprising an ethylene absorber claim 1 , wherein the ethylene absorber comprises aluminosilicate claim 1 , and wherein the aluminosilicate comprises a zeolite.8. The material of claim 7 , wherein the ethylene absorber comprises from about 1% to 30% by weight of the first polymer or about 0.1% to 10% of the total weight of the ...

Sequentially Polymerized Hybrid Latex

The present invention relates to a hybrid latex composition containing polymer particles that are polymerized in at least two stages including a first phase acrylic core polymer, and a second phase vinyl acrylic shell polymer including a monomer that is crosslinkable under ambient conditions. Paint compositions and architectural coatings containing the latex composition according to the invention are also described herein, as well as methods for making the same. 1. A latex aqueous composition comprising sequentially polymerized latex particles having a first phase polymer , and a second phase polymer , whereinthe first phase polymer is polymerized from a first set of monomers comprising acrylic monomers; andthe second phase polymer is polymerized from a second set of monomers comprising acrylic monomers, vinyl monomers and about 0.5% to about 6 wt. % of a crosslinkable monomer;wherein the second phase polymer comprises between about 50% to about 90% of the total weight of the polymer, andwherein the crosslinkable monomers are selected from the group consisting of diacetone acrylamide, diacetone methacrylamide and acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate or the like or a combination thereof, andwherein the latex aqueous composition further comprises a cross-linking agent in the aqueous phase to crosslink with the crosslinkable monomer when water evaporates.2. The latex aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the first set of monomers further comprises about 0.5 wt. % to about 6 wt. % of the crosslinkable monomer.3. The latex aqueous composition of claim 2 , wherein the crosslinkable monomer comprises diacetone acrylamide.4. The latex aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the second set of monomers includes about 1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the crosslinkable monomer.5. The latex aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the cross-linking agent comprises adipic dihydrazide.6. The latex aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the vinyl monomers comprise vinyl acetate.7. The ...

WATER-SOLUBLE FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

The present invention provides a water-soluble film having excellent solubility in cold water, high strength, and excellent hard-water resistance. The present invention also provides a method for simply producing such a water-soluble film. One aspect of the present invention relates to a water-soluble film including a polymer containing an anionic group other than a sulfonic acid (salt) group, and a water-soluble resin. The anionic group-containing polymer excludes an acrylic acid homopolymer. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a water-soluble film that includes a polymer containing an anionic group other than a sulfonic acid (salt) group, and a water-soluble resin. The method includes mixing a polymer containing an anionic group other than a sulfonic acid (salt) group and a water-soluble resin. 2. (canceled)3. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the anionic group is a carboxyl group and/or a salt thereof.4. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the anionic group-containing polymer has a weight average molecular weight of 2000 to 200000.5. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the water-soluble resin is a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer.6. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the proportion of the anionic group-containing polymer is 1% by mass or more of 100% by mass of the total amount of the water-soluble resin and the anionic group-containing polymer.7. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the proportion of the anionic group-containing polymer is 99% by mass or less of 100% by mass of the total amount of the water-soluble resin and the anionic group-containing polymer.8. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the water-soluble film has a thickness of 5 to 300 μm.9. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the water-soluble film is used to package a chemical and/or a detergent.12. The method for producing a water-soluble ...

USE OF A FIRST FILM AND A SECOND FILM TO IMPROVE SEAL STRENGTH OF A WATER-SOLUBLE

The present invention relates to the use of a first water-soluble film and a second water-soluble film to make a unit dose article and the use of said unit dose article. 1. Use of a first water-soluble film and a second water-soluble film in the manufacture of a water-soluble unit dose article optionally comprising a composition contained within the unit dose article , wherein the first water-soluble film and the second water-soluble film are sealed together along a seal area , in order to improve the seal strength in the seal area;wherein the first water-soluble film and the second water-soluble film are chemically different to one another and wherein the first water-soluble film has a first water capacity, and wherein the second water-soluble film has a second water capacity, wherein the first water capacity is less than the second water capacity, and wherein the difference between the water capacity of the first water soluble film and the second water-soluble film is between 0.01% and 1%;provided that when the composition is a fabric care or household care composition and a film comprises a blend of a polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer resin and an anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resin, then both then first water soluble film and the second water soluble film comprise blends that include 65 wt. % or greater of an anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resin; andprovided that when the composition is a fabric care or household care composition and a film comprises a blend of at least two anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resins, then both then first water soluble film and the second water soluble film comprise blends of at least two anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resins.2. The use according to to improve the seal strength in the seal area to reduce the volume of scrapped material during manufacture of water-soluble unit dose articles.3. The use according to claim 1 , wherein the first water-soluble film has a water capacity from 1% to 10%.4. The use according to ...

HYDROPHILIC POLYMER COATINGS WITH DURABLE LUBRICITY AND COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS THEREOF

The invention provides a novel hydrophilic polymer and latex polymer blend coating formulation and compositions thereof, and their use on various devices (e.g., prophylactic and medical devices) to form hydrophilic and flexible coatings with durable lubricity. 155-. (canceled)56. A method for manufacturing a condom , comprising:providing a sheath of an elastomeric material selected from natural or synthetic rubber latex, the sheath having an outer surface and an inner surface;depositing a first layer of an aqueous suspension of a latex polymer to at least a portion of the outer surface of the sheath;curing the latex polymer with exposure to heat for a time sufficient to form a first or base layer of cured latex polymer;depositing a second layer of a composition, comprising a hydrophilic polymer and a suspension of latex polymer, to at least a portion of the first or base layer; andcuring the second layer of hydrophilic polymer and latex polymer with exposure to heat for a time sufficient to form a second or top layer, whereinthe hydrophilic polymer has a mean molecular weight in the range from about 1 kDa to about 1,000 kDa and is present in the composition at a concentration from about 2 w/v % to about 10 w/v %;the latex polymer microparticles are present in the composition at a concentration from about 20 w/v % to about 60 w/v %; andthe weight ratio of the hydrophilic polymer to the latex polymer microparticles is in the range from about 1:1 to about 10:1.57. The method of claim 56 , further comprising:depositing a third or top layer of a composition, comprising a hydrophilic polymer and a suspension of latex polymer, to at least a portion of the second layer; andcuring the third layer of hydrophilic polymer and latex polymer with exposure to heat for a time sufficient to form a third or top layer.58. The method of claim 56 , wherein at least a portion of the outer surface claim 56 , the first or base layer claim 56 , or the second layer claim 56 , is ...

BIODEGRADABLE PELLETS FOAMED BY IRRADIATION

This invention relates to biodegradable starch-based pellets which foamable by irradiation, which are particularly suitable for the manufacture of foam articles, characterised in that they have a porous structure with a low porous external skin. This invention also relates to foam articles obtained from these. 1. A process for the preparation of foamed articles , said process comprising irradiating biodegradable low density , self-sealing pellets , said pellets comprising starch essentially free of native crystallinity which does not have endothermic gelatinisation peaks associated with a ΔH of more than 0.4 J/g of dry starch when analysed by differential scanning calorimetry in a hermetic capsule with a water/dry starch ratio of 4 , said pellets being characterized by:a porous internal structure having void area greater than 15% with respect to the area of the cross-section of the pellet;a mean equivalent diameter of pores less than 100 microns andan external skin with pores in number less than 80% with respect to the internal structure having a mean equivalent diameter lower or equal to the mean equivalent diameter of the pores of the internal structure.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said pellets comprise at least a further polymer of synthetic or natural origin.4. The process according to claim 2 , wherein said further polymer of natural origin is selected from the group consisting of cellulose claim 2 , lignin claim 2 , proteins claim 2 , phospholipids claim 2 , casein claim 2 , polysaccharides claim 2 , natural gums claim 2 , rosinic acid claim 2 , dextrins claim 2 , their mixtures and derivatives thereof.5. The process according to claim 2 , wherein said further polymer of synthetic origin is selected from the group consisting of:thermoplastic polymers comprising homopolymers and copolymers of linear or branched aliphatic hydroxyacid having C2-C24 main chain, their lactons and lactides as well as their copolymers with aliphatic polyesters of the ...

WATER-SOLUBLE FILM, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, AND CHEMICAL AGENT PACKAGE

A water-soluble film is provided, which is less susceptible to curling even after long-term storage. The water-soluble film includes a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) , and has a first surface, which has a crystal Unity index Xa, and a second surface, which is opposite to the first surface and has a crystallinity index Xb, where: Xa≥Xb; Xa−Xb is from 0.015 to 0.10; and the crystallinity indexes Xa and Xb are measured through an infrared spectroscopic analysis by an attenuated total reflection method and represented by: ABS/ABS, wherein ABSand ABSare absorbances at wavenumbers of 1141 cmand 1093 cm, respectively. 1. A water-soluble film , comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) , and having a first surface , which has a crystallinity index Xa , and a second surface , which is opposite to the first surface and has a crystallinity index Xb , Xa≥Xb;', 'a difference Xa−Xb is from 0.015 to 0.10; and', {'br': None, 'sub': 1141', '1093, 'ABS/ABS,'}, 'the crystallinity indexes Xa and Xb are each measured through an infrared spectroscopic analysis by an attenuated total reflection method and represented by, 'wherein:', {'sub': '1141', 'sup': '−1', 'ABSis an absorbance at a wavenumber of 1141 cm; and'}, {'sub': '1093', 'sup': '−1', 'ABSis an absorbance at a wavenumber of 1093 cm.'}], 'wherein2. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising a plasticizer (B).3. The water-soluble film according to claim 2 , wherein the plasticizer (B) is present in a proportion of 5 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).4. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising a filler (C).5. The water-soluble film according to claim 4 , wherein the filler (C) is present in a proportion of 1 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).61. The water-soluble film according to claim wherein the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) comprises an anion group-modified polyvinyl alcohol resin (a ...

WATER-SOLUBLE FILM, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, AND CHEMICAL AGENT PACKAGE

A highly transparent water-soluble film is provided. The water-soluble film includes a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) as a major component. When evaluation of the water-soluble film for dark defects is performed, 50 dark defects or less per 5 cm×5 cm area of the water-soluble film are observed. 1. A water-soluble film , comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) as a major component , wherein:when an evaluation of the water-soluble film for dark defects is performed, 50 dark defects or less per 5 cm×5 cm area of the water-soluble film are observed;the evaluation is performed by uniaxially stretching a sample of the water-soluble film, observing the stretched film under crossed Nicols, and determining a number of dark defects having a diameter of 1 to 5 mm in an area of the stretched film corresponding to a 5 cm×5 cm area of the water-soluble film; andthe stretched film is obtained by cutting a test piece of the water-soluble film having a length of 25 cm and a width of 13 cm, clamping the test piece with chucks spaced 11 cm from each other longitudinally along the test piece in a stretching machine, and uniaxially stretching the test piece at a stretching rate of 3 mm/second to a stretch ratio of 1.2 at a temperature of 23° C. and a humidity of 50% RH.2. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the water-soluble film is 10 to 120 μm.3. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising 5 to 100 parts by weight of a plasticizer (B) based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).4. The water-soluble film according to claim 3 , wherein the plasticizer (B) comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerin and sorbitol.5. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of a surfactant (C) based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).6. The water-soluble film according to claim 5 , wherein the surfactant (C) comprises a surfactant having ...

COATING AGENT FOR FORMING FINE PATTERN

A coating agent for forming a fine pattern and a method for forming a fine pattern using the coating agent, in which the coating agent allows a resist pattern to be favorably fined, and can form a fined pattern having a suppressed deviation of CD. A coating agent for forming a fine pattern including (A) a water-soluble polymer is combined with a compound in which the compound has an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms bound to a nitrogen atom, and is combined with 4 moles or more of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with respect to 1 mole of a nitrogen atom bound with the alkyl group as (B) a nitrogen-containing compound. 1. A coating agent for forming a fine pattern , wherein the coating agent is used for coating a resist pattern formed on a substrate and forming a fine pattern ,wherein the coating agent includes (A) a water-soluble polymer and (B) a nitrogen-containing compound, wherein(B) the nitrogen-containing compound has an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms bound to a nitrogen atom and is combined with 4 moles or more of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with respect to 1 mole of the nitrogen atom bound with the alkyl group.3. The coating agent for forming a fine pattern according to claim 2 , wherein in the above Formula (1) claim 2 , Rrepresents a group represented by -(A-O)—H.4. The coating agent for forming a fine pattern according to claim 2 , wherein in the above Formula (2) claim 2 , Rrepresents a group represented by -(A-O)—H claim 2 , and Rrepresents a group represented by -(A-O)—H.5. A method for forming a fine pattern claim 2 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'coating a resist pattern on a substrate with a coat film composed of the coating agent for forming a fine pattern according to ;'}narrowing down the intervals between the resist patterns by thermal-shrinking the coating agent for forming a fine pattern through a heating treatment; and thenremoving the coat film. This application claims ...

PRE-TREATMENT COMPOSITION

Disclosed herein is a pre-treatment composition that includes aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles, polymeric organic particles having a particle size in a ratio of 100:1 to 1000:1 by comparison with the size of aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles, an ink absorber and a polymeric binder. Also disclosed herein is a printable media that includes a media substrate and the pre-treatment composition which is applied to, at least, one side of the substrate; and the method for obtaining it. 1. A pre-treatment composition comprising aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles , polymeric organic particles having particles size in a ratio of 100:1 to 1000:1 by comparison with the size of aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles , an ink absorber and a polymeric binder.2. The pre-treatment composition of that further comprises inorganic spacers.3. The pre-treatment composition of wherein the inorganic spacers are particles that have an average particle size in the range of about 0.1 to about 25 micrometers.4. The pre-treatment composition of wherein the aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles have an average particle size in the range of about 1 to about 500 nanometers.5. The pre-treatment composition of wherein the aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles are present in an amount representing from about 10 wt % to about 95 wt % of the total weight of the pre-treatment composition.6. The pre-treatment composition of wherein the aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles are metal oxide or complex metal oxide particles.7. The pre-treatment composition of wherein the aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles are titanium dioxide claim 1 , aluminum oxide or silicon dioxide.8. The pre-treatment composition of wherein the aggregated nano-sized inorganic pigment particles are modified with a surface treatment containing organosilane and aluminum chlorohydrate.9. The pre-treatment composition of wherein the ...

Methods for Preventing and Treating Radiation-Induced Epithelial Disorders

The present invention provides methods of protecting irradiated eukaryotic cells such as irradiated mammalian epithelial cells, from the deleterious effect of microbial pathogens such as . The invention also provides methods of protecting irradiated organisms from such deleterious effects, resulting in reduced mortality and morbidity. Further provided are kits containing relatively high molecular weight biocompatible polymers such as polyethylene glycol, optionally supplemented with a protective polymer such as dextran and/or essential pathogen nutrients such as L-glutamine, along with instructions for administration to organisms to be exposed to radiation. 117-. (canceled)18. A method of protecting a mammalian gastrointestinal epithelial cell from radiotherapy damage comprising administering an effective amount of a high molecular weight polyethylene glycol (HMW PEG) compound to a gastrointestinal epithelial cell , wherein the administration begins prior to radiotherapy , wherein the gastrointestinal epithelial cell is at risk of radiotherapy damage , and wherein the HMW PEG compound has an average molecular weight of at least 12 ,000 daltons.19. The method according to wherein the HMW PEG compound has an average molecular weight of at least 15 claim 18 ,000 daltons.20. The method according to wherein the mammalian gastrointestinal epithelial cell is further exposed to an intestinal pathogen.21. The method according to wherein the intestinal pathogen is a Pseudomonad.22Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. The method according to wherein the intestinal pathogen is23. The method according to wherein the HMW PEG comprises at least two hydrocarbon chains attached to a hydrophobic core claim 19 , wherein each hydrocarbon chain has an average molecular weight of at least 40 percent of the HMW PEG compound claim 19 , and wherein the hydrophobic core comprises a ring structure. This invention was made with government support under R01-GM62344 awarded by the National Institutes of ...

AQUEOUS TWO-PHASE SYSTEMS

The aqueous two phase systems (ATPS) contain partly urethanized PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and hydrophobically modified cyclocopolymers formed from the monomers diallylammonioethanoate, 0-3 mol % dodecyldiallylammonium chloride and sulphur dioxide, the copolymers having varying proportions of polybetaine (PB) and anionic polyelectrolyte (APE) fractions. The aqueous two-phase systems are useful in the separation and purification of biomaterials. 1. An aqueous two-phase system , comprising an aqueous solution containing a first phase including partly urethanized polyvinyl alcohol (UPVA) and a second phase including a pH-responsive , hydrophobically modified cyclocopolymer formed from the monomers diallylammonioethanoate , sulphur dioxide , and up to 3 mol % dodecyldiallylammonium chloride.2. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the molar percentage of dodecyldiallylammonium chloride is 0%.3. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the molar percentage of dodecyldiallylammonium chloride is 1%.4. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the molar percentage of dodecyldiallylammonium chloride is 3%.5. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the partly urethanized polyvinyl alcohol (UPVA) is 10% urethanized.7. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein 1.3 equivalents of NaOH are used.8. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein 1.7 equivalents of NaOH are used.9. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein the concentration of the NaCl solution is 0.1N.10. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein the concentration of the NaCl solution is 0.4N. 1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to extraction solvents, and particularly to aqueous two phase systems that contain partly urethanized PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and a copolymer ...

POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) FILM AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR POLARIZING FILM

The present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component B has a resulting relaxation time of 0.03 milliseconds or more and 0.05 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 30% or more and 50% or less. From the polyvinyl alcohol film according to the present invention, a polarizing film having good polarization performance can be manufactured without the occurrence of unevenness of dyeing. 1. A polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer ,wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component B has a resulting relaxation time of 0.03 milliseconds or more and 0.05 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 30% or more and 50% or less.2. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of saponification of 99 mol % or more.3. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of polymerization of 1500 or more and 4000 or less.4. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , comprising a plasticizer.5. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , for use in a polarizing film.6. A method for manufacturing a polarizing film comprising using the polyvinyl alcohol film according to .7. The method for manufacturing a polarizing film according to claim 6 , comprising steps of ...

SILICON-CONTAINING BIODEGRADABLE MATERIAL FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY THERAPY

A method for preventing and/or treating a disease associated with increased interleukin-1β and/or interleukin-6 and/or interleukin-8 activity and/or disease, in which a reduction in the activity of interleukin-1β and/or interleukin-6 and/or interleukin-8 is beneficial for healing includes utilizing a silicon-containing, biodegradable material containing a polyhydroxysilicic acid ethyl ester compound, with the proviso that wound defects including chronic diabetic-neuropathic ulcer, chronic leg ulcer, bedsores, secondary-healing infected wounds, non-irritating, primary-healing wounds, ablative lacerations and/or abrasions, are excluded from said disease that is prevented and/or treated with the silicon-containing, biodegradable material. 17.-. (canceled)9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the material is in the form of a fibre claim 8 , a fibre matrix claim 8 , powder claim 8 , liquid formulation claim 8 , monolith and/or coating.10. The method according to claim 9 , the silicon-containing claim 9 , biodegradable material capable of being produced by:a) at least one hydrolysis-condensation reaction of tetraethoxysilaneb) evaporation for producing a single-phase solution optionally with simultaneous gentle mixing of reaction system;c) cooling of the single-phase solution;d) maturation for producing silica sol material; ande) drawing of threads from said silica sol material to generate a fibre or a fibre matrix and/ordrying, optionally spray drying or freeze-drying of said silica sol material to generate a powder and optionally dissolving said powder in a solvent to generate a liquid formulation and/orcoating said silica sol material on an object that is to be coated with said material, and/or casting said silica sol material in a mould to generate a monolith.11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the tetraethoxysilane is acid-catalysed in a) at an initial pH from 0 to ≦7 claim 10 , in the presence of a water-soluble solvent claim 10 , at a temperature ...

Resin Composition and Multilayered Structure Using Same

A resin composition is provided, wherein polymer particles are dispersed in a matrix of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and the polymer particles have a sea-island structure, and one of a sea component and an island component has a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more and the other has a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less. The resin composition has high gas barrier properties and is also excellent in impact resistance, particularly impact resistance at low temperatures. 1. A resin composition , whereinpolymer particles are dispersed in a matrix of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer andthe polymer particles have a sea-island structure, and one of a sea component and an island component has a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more and the other has a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less.2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sea component has a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less and the island component has a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more.3. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein an area ratio of a polymer component with a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more to a polymer component with a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less is from 5/95 to 70/30 in a transmission electron microscope image of a cross section of the polymer particles.4. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer particles have a surface covered with a film formed of a same polymer component as the island component.5. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer particles aggregate and form secondary particles.6. The resin composition according to claim 5 , wherein the polymer particles have an average primary particle diameter from 0.2 to 1 μm.7. The resin composition according to claim 5 , wherein the polymer particles have an average secondary particle diameter from 1.1 to 10 μm.8. The resin composition according to claim 1 , ...

WATER SOLUBLE & DEGRADABLE ELASTOMERIC COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD FOR MAKING THEREOF

Embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to compositions having water soluble and/or degradable and elastomeric properties. 1. A degradable-elastomeric composition as described herein.2. The composition of comprising a polymeric input.3. The composition of comprising a soluble input.4. The composition of comprising at least one degradable polymeric input.5. The composition of further comprising at least one stabilizer.6. The composition of any one of - claim 4 , wherein the at least one degradable polymeric compound is cross-linked.7. The composition of any one of - further comprising at least one additive.8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the at least one additive is cross-linked.9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the at least one additive is a stabilizer.10. The composition of any one of - claim 7 , wherein the input is any soluble or degradable polymer claim 7 , chemical claim 7 , compound claim 7 , blend claim 7 , composite claim 7 , or substance that is an additive or component utilized to produce the soluble or degradable elastomeric compositions.11. The composition of any one of - claim 7 , wherein the input includes at least soluble polymers claim 7 , degradable biopolymers claim 7 , additives for cross linking claim 7 , UV curing claim 7 , foaming claim 7 , fillers claim 7 , compatibilizers claim 7 , or processing aids.12. A degradable-elastomeric composition comprising polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and/or polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) compounded with glycol.13. A degradable-elastomeric composition comprising a shear-mixed Elmer's Glue® with glycol.14. A degradable-elastomeric composition comprising ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) compounded with glycol. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/062,416, filed Aug. 6, 2020, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.The present disclosure relates generally to compositions having water soluble and/or degradable and elastomeric ...

Methods And Systems For Generating Nanoparticles

In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for forming polymeric nanoparticles, which comprises using a static mixer to create a mixed flowing stream of an anti-solvent, e.g., by introducing a liquid anti-solvent into a static mixer, and introducing a polymer solution into the mixed flowing anti-solvent stream such that controlled precipitation of polymeric nanoparticles occurs. The nanoparticles can then be separated from the anti-solvent stream. 1136-. (canceled)137. A population of polymeric nanoparticles , comprising:a plurality of polymeric nanoparticles having an amphiphilic co-polymer as at least one constituent,wherein said polymeric nanoparticles exhibit an average particle size equal to or less than about 100 nm and a polydispersity index in a range of about 0.05 to about 0.1. The present application claims priority to a provisional application entitled “Methods and systems for generating nanoparticles” filed Mar. 26, 2010 and having a Ser. No. 61/317,783, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.The present invention relates generally to methods, devices and systems for fabricating nanoparticles, and more particularly to such methods, devices and systems that can be employed to generate polymeric nanoparticles.A variety of methods are known for generating nanoparticles. In one such method, commonly known as nanoprecipitation or flash precipitation, a polymer solution comprising a polymer dissolved in a process solvent is brought into contact with another solvent (also known as anti-solvent) in which the process solvent is miscible but the polymer is not. As a result, the process solvent diffuses rapidly into the anti-solvent while the polymer aggregates into a plurality of nanoparticles.The conventional nanoprecipitation processes, however, suffer from a number of shortcomings. For example, it is difficult to control predictably the average particle size and the size distribution of the generated nanoparticles. Further, many ...

IMAGEABLE EMBOLIC MICROSPHERE

This invention concerns imageable, radiopaque embolic beads, which are particularly useful for monitoring embolization procedures. The beads comprise iodine containing compounds which are covalently incorporated into the polymer network of a preformed hydrogel bead. The beads are prepared by activating pre-formed hydrogel beads towards nucleophilic attack and then covalently attaching iodinated compounds into the polymer network. The radiopaque beads may be loaded with chemotherapeutic agents and used in methods of embolizing hyperplastic tissue or solid tumors. 1. An activated hydrogel bead which has been activated towards nucleophilic substitution reaction with carbonyl diimidazole or carbodiimide.2. An activated hydrogel bead according to in which the hydrogel comprises a polyhydroxy polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or copolymers of vinyl alcohol.3. An activated hydrogel bead according to or in which the hydrogel has a polymer backbone with a 1 claim 1 ,2-diol and/or a 1 claim 1 ,3-diol structure to enable crosslinking with an acrylic monomer.4. An activated hydrogel bead according to in which the acrylic monomer is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS).5. An activated hydrogel bead according to any of to in which hydroxyl moieties on and/or within the preformed hydrogel bead are activated by reaction with carbonyldiimidazole.6. A method of activating a hydrogel bead towards nucleophilic substitution comprising the steps of: (i) suspending hydrogel beads in organic solvent until they have swollen; (ii) adding carbonyldiimidazole or a carbodiimide to the suspension of swollen beads in solvent claim 3 , in the presence of a catalytic amount of a base and under anhydrous conditions to achieve activation.7. A method according to which further comprises step (iii) in which the activated beads are filtered and washed with organic solvent to provide purified activated beads.8. A radiopaque hydrogel bead comprising the activated hydrogel bead of any of ...

COPOLYMER AND HYDROPHILIC MATERIAL COMPOSED OF THE SAME

Provided are a cured product (for example, a film), in which the balance between hydrophilicity and abrasion resistance is superior, decrease in hydrophilicity by water is minimal, and the weather resistance is also superior, as well as a polymer and a polymer composition that can yield such a cured product. A polymer of the invention is a specific copolymer (i) having a sulfonic acid-containing group, an epoxy group, and a specific alkoxysilyl group in a molecule. 3. The copolymer (i) according to claim 1 , wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the copolymer (i) measured by GPC is from 500 to 3 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000.4. A composition comprising the copolymer (i) according to .6. The composition according to claim 5 , wherein the ratio of the weight of the copolymer (i) to the weight of the silane compound (ii) reduced to a SiOweight is in a range from 99.9/0.1 to 0.1/99.9.7. A film (Z1) with a thickness exceeding 100 nm obtained from the copolymer according to .8. The film (Z1) according to obtained by heating.9. A laminate comprising at least one layer of a layer (Z1) that comprises the film according to .10. The laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the layer (Z1) is an outermost layer of the laminate. The present invention relates to a hydrophilic copolymer provided with antifogging performance, antifouling performance, and antistatic performance, and superior in abrasion resistance, and weather resistance; a composition containing the copolymer; a cured product (for example, a film) obtained therefrom; and a use thereof.Improvement of fogging and fouling to occur on a substrate surface, such as a plastic surface and a glass surface, has been demanded recently more strongly.As a method for resolving a fogging problem, an antifogging paint containing a reactive surfactant in addition to an acrylic oligomer has been proposed, and a cured product (film) obtained from the antifogging paint has allegedly improved hydrophilicity and water absorbency (Non ...

POLYVINYL ACETAL RESIN, SLURRY COMPOSITION PREPARED THEREFROM, CERAMIC GREEN SHEET, AND MULTILAYER CERAMIC CAPACITOR

A slurry composition, including: a polyvinyl acetal resin; a ceramic powder; and an organic solvent. The polyvinyl acetal resin has a degree of polymerization of from 200 to 6000, a content percentage of vinylester unit of from 0.01 to 30 mol %, and a degree of acetalization of from 55 to 83 mol %. The polyvinyl acetal resin has a structural unit of formula (1) in the molecule: 15-. (canceled)710-. (canceled)11: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is from 1500 to 4500.12: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal resin is obtained by a process comprising acetalizing a polyvinyl alcohol resin with aldehyde comprising 3-methylbutanal.14: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal resin comprises the structural unit of formula (1) in a content of at least 30 mol % relative to a total molar amount of acetalized structural units.15: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is from 2000 to 3500.16: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the content percentage of vinylester unit in the polyvinyl acetal resin is from 0.5 to 20 mol %.17: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is from 65 to 80 mol %.18: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal resin is obtained by a process comprising acetalizing a polyvinyl alcohol resin with aldehyde comprising acetaldehyde.19: The slurry composition according to claim 6 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal resin is obtained by a process comprising acetalizing a polyvinyl alcohol resin with aldehyde comprising butyraldehyde.20: The slurry composition according to claim 12 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal resin comprises the structural unit of formula (1) in a content of at least 50 mol % relative to a total molar ...

POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) FILM AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR POLARIZING FILM

A polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 80° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component A has a resulting relaxation time of 0.0083 milliseconds or more and 0.0093 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 10% or more and 35% or less. 1. A polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer ,wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 80° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component A has a resulting relaxation time of 0.0083 milliseconds or more and 0.0093 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 10% or more and 35% or less.2. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of saponification of 99 mol % or more.3. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of polymerization of 2000 or more and 4000 or less.4. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , comprising a plasticizer.5. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , for use in a polarizing film.6. A method for manufacturing a polarizing film comprising using the polyvinyl alcohol film according to .7. The method for manufacturing a polarizing film according to claim 6 , comprising steps of dyeing the polyvinyl alcohol film claim 6 , stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film claim 6 , and performing a fixation treatment to the dyed polyvinyl alcohol film.8. The method for manufacturing a polarizing film ...

DIELECTRIC CROSS-LINKED FLUOROPOLYMER

A polymer composition of cross-linked fluoropolymers is provided, that is generated using a fluoropolymer compatibilizer. The cross-linked fluoropolymers have excellent mechanical and dielectric characteristics at high temperatures, making them useful for such applications as insulation for automotive communications cables and PCB laminates. 1. A polymer composition comprising:(a) perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA);(b) a copolymer of PFA and polyether imide (PEI); and(c) bisoxazoline2. The polymer composition of claim 1 , further comprising (d) tetravinyl-terminated polyimide (PI-tetravinyl).3. The polymer composition of claim 1 , comprising between about 65% and 75% PFA claim 1 , between about 15% and 25% PFA-PEI copolymer claim 1 , and between about 0.1% and 3% bisoxazoline.4. The polymer composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least 1% polyimide-maleimide.5. The polymer composition of claim 1 , further comprising PEI.6. The polymer composition of claim 1 , further comprising amine-functionalized silica.7. The polymer composition of claim 1 , further comprising Vinyl-functionalized silica.8. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a melt flow rate between about 75 and about 85 g/10 min.9. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a tensile modulus of greater than 140 MPa.10. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a tensile strength of greater than 25 MPa.11. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has an elongation at break of at least 100%.12. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a flexural modulus of at least 700 MPa.13. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a storage modulus at 100° C. of at least 200 MPa.14. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a storage modulus at 160° C. of at least 150 MPa.15. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a Shore D hardness of at ...

POLYMERS AND METHODS THEREOF FOR WOUND HEALING

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a copolymer having a backbone, wherein the backbone comprises a) one or more units that comprise a group that will yield a biologically active agent upon hydrolysis of the backbone; and b) one or more units of formula (II): 2. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the one or more units that comprise a group that will yield a biologically active agent upon hydrolysis of the backbone is a polyanhydride.3. The copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the polyanhydride comprises one or more units of formula (I) in the backbone:{'br': None, 'sup': 1', '1, '—C(═O)R-A-L-A-RC(═O)—O\u2003\u2003(I)'} [{'sup': '1', 'each Ris a group that will provide a biologically active agent upon hydrolysis of the polymer;'}, 'each A is independently an ester or an amide linkage; and', 'each L is independently a linker molecule., 'wherein'}4. The copolymer of claim 3 , wherein A is independently an ester linkage.5. The copolymer of claim 3 , wherein L is a divalent claim 3 , branched or unbranched claim 3 , saturated or unsaturated claim 3 , hydrocarbon chain claim 3 , having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms claim 3 , wherein one or more of the carbon atoms is optionally replaced by (—O—) claim 3 , (—NR—) or phenylene claim 3 , and wherein the chain is optionally substituted on carbon with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of (C-C)alkoxy claim 3 , (C-C)cycloalkyl claim 3 , (C-C)alkanoyl claim 3 , (C-C)alkanoyloxy claim 3 , (C-C)alkoxycarbonyl claim 3 , (C-C)alkylthio claim 3 , azido claim 3 , cyano claim 3 , nitro claim 3 , halo claim 3 , hydroxy claim 3 , oxo claim 3 , carboxy claim 3 , aryl claim 3 , aryloxy claim 3 , heteroaryl claim 3 , and heteroaryloxy wherein each R is independently selected from H or (C-C)alkyl.6. The copolymer of claim 3 , wherein L is —CHCHCHCH— or —CHC(Et)CH—.7. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the biologically active agent is an antimicrobial claim 1 , anti-inflammatory claim 1 , antioxidant claim 1 , ...

RESIN COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF

Disclosed is a resin composition comprising a melt-moldable side chain 1,2-diol-containing PVA-based resin (A), and fluororesin containing a polar functional group capable of reacting with or forming hydrogen bond(s) with hydroxyl group (B). The component (A) and the component (B) have excellent affinity, and therefore if either the component (A) or component (B) becomes matrix, the other can be finely dispersed into the matrix, thus providing a resin composition having excellent gas-barrier property, solvent resistance, and bending fatigue resistance. The present invention also provides emulsified dispersion and binder in which the resin composition is used. 2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polar functional group is carbonyl-containing group or hydroxyl group.3. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein the carbonyl-containing group is at least one selected from the group consisting of carbonate group claim 2 , haloformyl group claim 2 , aldehyde group claim 2 , ketone group claim 2 , carboxyl group claim 2 , alkoxycarbonyl group claim 2 , carboxylic anhydride group claim 2 , and isocyanate group.4. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the (B) polar functional group-containing fluororesin is a copolymer containing at least of tetrafluoroethylene as a constituent monomer.5. The resin composition according to claim 4 , wherein the (B) polar functional group-containing fluororesin further contains ethylene as a constituent monomer thereof.6. The resin composition according to claim 5 , wherein the (B) fluororesin constituting the polar functional group-containing fluororesin is one selected from the group consisting of ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer claim 5 , ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene-based copolymer claim 5 , ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene/CH═CH—Rf (Rf is perfluoroalkyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms)-based copolymer claim 5 , and ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene/ ...

NOVEL AMPHIPHILIC POLYMERS AND USE THEREOF IN THE TREATMENT OF SURFACES MADE OF HYDROPHOBIC MATERIALS

A straight, branched or cross-linked polymer, including, per 100 mol %: a) a mole fraction from 75% to 99.95% of monomer units from an N,N-dialkyl acrylamide; b) a mole fraction from 0.05% to 1% of monomer units from a monomer of formula (I): CH2=C(Ri)-C(=0)-0-[(CH2-CH(R2)-0]n-R3 (I); c) optionally a mole fraction higher than 0% to 24% either of monomer units from a monomer including a free strong acid function, partially or totally salified, or of monomer units from a monomer of formula (II): CH2=C(R4)-C(=0)-Y-(CH2)m-N(R5)(R6) (II); d) optionally a mole fraction higher than 0% to 1% of a diethylene or polyethylene cross-linking monomer. Also, a method for treating a surface made of a hydrophobic material, using the polymer, and an aqueous, hydro-organic or organic solution including the polymer for modifying interactions between the species contained the solution and the hydrophobic surface. 1. A linear , branched or crosslinked polymer comprising , per 100 mol %:a) a molar proportion of greater than or equal to 75% and less than or equal to 99.95% of monomer units resulting from an N,N-dialkylacrylamide, the alkyl radicals each comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '1', '2', '2', 'r', '3, 'CH═C(R)—C(═O)—O—[(CH—CH(R)—O]—R\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'b) a molar proportion of greater than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 1% of monomer units resulting from a monomer of formula (I){'sub': 1', '2', '3, 'in which n represents a number between 1 and 50, Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, Rrepresents a hydrogen atom, a methyl radical or an ethyl radical and Rrepresents a saturated or unsaturated and linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, and'} {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4', '2', 'm', '5', '6, 'CH═C(R)—C(═O)—Y—(CH)—N(R) (R) \u2003\u2003(II)'}, 'c) optionally a molar proportion of greater than 0% and less than or equal to 24% either of monomer units resulting from a monomer comprising a free ...

MULTIFUNCTIONAL CLAY COMPOSITION

The present invention relates to a multifunctional clay composition which can be used as a clay capable of performing various workings before drying and which can be used as writing instruments similar to crayons, pastels or colored pencils after drying, and to a process for preparing the same. The multifunctional clay composition may comprise an extender material; a binder; a multifunctional crosslinking agent including a compound having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality, or forming an ion having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality in a water solvent; a wax and a pigment. 1. A multifunctional clay composition comprising:an extender material;a binder containing a crosslinkable water-soluble resin or compound;a multifunctional crosslinking agent comprising a compound having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality, or forming an ion having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality in a water solvent;a wax; anda pigment.2. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the extender material includes one or more selected from the group consisting of kaolin-based clay claim 1 , talc claim 1 , calcium carbonate claim 1 , magnesium carbonate and mica.3. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the binder includes cellulose-based polymer or PVA-based polymer.4. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the multifunctional crosslinking agent includes a boric acid (B(OH)) claim 1 , a borate-based salt compound or complex forming a borate-based ion in a water solvent5. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the wax includes one or more waxes selected from the group consisting of a microcrystalline wax claim 1 , a paraffin wax claim 1 , a liquid paraffin claim 1 , a petrolatum claim 1 , a bees wax claim 1 , a wool wax claim 1 , a carnauba wax claim 1 , a candelilla wax claim 1 , a PE wax claim 1 , a PP wax and a synthetic wax.6. The multifunctional clay composition according to ...

PAINT COMPOSITION

The present invention relates to a deep base or accent coating composition comprising an acrylic based binder and a Zn additive. The composition of the present invention resists water staining better than comparable formulations that do not contain the additive. 1. A paint composition comprising a stable aqueous dispersion of acrylic based polymer particles functionalized with from 0.2 to 12 weight percent , based on the weight of the polymer particles , of structural units of a monomer with keto functionality; a colorant at a concentration in the range of from 5 to 25 weight percent , based on the weight of the paint composition; from 0.5 to 5 weight percent of a Zn compound , based on the weight of the paint composition; and from 0.5 to 10 weight percent of a dihydrazide or a polyamine , based on the weight of the paint composition; and a substantial absence of extenders;{'sub': g', 'g', 'g, 'wherein the polymer particles are two-phase polymer particles with a soft phase having a Tof not more than 0° C., and a hard phase having a Tof not less than 30° C.; wherein the ratio of the soft phase to the hard phase is in the range of from 90:10 to 60:40; with the proviso that the polymer particles have an overall Tof less than 15° C.'}2. The paint composition of wherein the monomer with keto functionality is acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate or diacetone acrylamide at a concentration in the range of from 1 to 5 weight percent claim 1 , based on the weight of the acrylic based polymer particles.3. The paint composition of which comprises a dihydrazide claim 2 , a diamine claim 2 , or a polyetheramine.4. The paint composition of wherein the colorant has a concentration in the range or from 8 to 20 claim 1 , based on the weight of the composition claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises less than 5 PVC from TiO claim 1 , BaSO claim 1 , silicates claim 1 , aluminosilicates claim 1 , CaCO claim 1 , nepheline claim 1 , feldspar claim 1 , wollastonite claim 1 , kaolinite claim ...

BINDER FOR INORGANIC FIBERS AND INORGANIC FIBER MAT

The present invention provides a binder that is for inorganic fibers and that is characterized by containing (A) 100 parts by mass of a polyvinyl alcohol resin having a degree of polymerization of 100-3500, (B) 1-50 parts by mass of colloidal silica having an average particle size of 100 nm or less, and (C) 3 parts by mass or more of an ammonia-modified copolymer containing maleic anhydride. By using the binder for inorganic fibers according to the present invention, an inorganic fiber mat having resiliency comparable to that of phenolic resins can be fabricated, and the amount of volatile organic compounds released from the inorganic fiber mat is very small. 1. A mineral fiber-treating binder comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a degree of polymerization of 100 to 3,500,(B) 1 to 50 parts by weight of colloidal silica having an average particle size of up to 100 nm, and(C) at least 3 parts by weight of an ammonia-modified copolymer containing maleic anhydride.2. The binder of wherein the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A) has a degree of saponification of at least 70 mol %.3. The binder of wherein the colloidal silica (B) is aluminum-modified colloidal silica.5. The binder of wherein the ammonia-modified copolymer containing maleic anhydride (C) is an ammonia-modified isobutylene/maleic anhydride copolymer.6. The binder of wherein the mineral fiber is glass wool or mineral wool.7. A mineral fiber mat comprising mineral fibers treated with the binder of . This invention relates to a mineral fiber-treating binder and a mineral fiber mat treated therewith. More particularly, it relates to a mineral fiber-treating binder and a mineral fiber mat treated therewith, the mineral fiber mat being suitable for use as thermal insulating and sound-proofing materials in buildings and being endowed with minimized release of volatile organic compounds, a sufficient thickness, and good recovery.From the past, mats made of mineral fibers such as ...

MN FERRITE POWDER, RESIN COMPOSITION, ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE SHIELDING MATERIAL, ELECTRONIC MATERIAL, AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENT

Provided are: an Mn ferrite powder characterized by including a plurality of ferrite particles, having a volume-average particle diameter of 1-10 μm, and having a 2.106 μm volume-based cumulative distribution (sieved) of 0.1-50.0 vol %; and a resin composition characterized by including said powder and a resin material. 1. A Mn ferrite powder ,comprising a plurality of ferrite particles,having a volume average particle diameter of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, andhaving a volume-based cumulative distribution at 2.106 μm (under a sieve) of 0.1 vol % or more and 50.0 vol % or less.2. The Mn ferrite powder according to claim 1 , having a BET specific surface area of 0.35 m/g or more and 9 m/g or less.3. The Mn ferrite powder according to claim 1 , wherein the ferrite particles have a true spherical shape claim 1 , or a shape whose cross section is a hexagonal or more polygonal shape.4. The Mn ferrite powder according to claim 1 , having a Mn content of 4 mass % or more and 13 mass % or less claim 1 , and a Fe content of 60 mass % or more and 68 mass % or less.5. A resin composition claim 1 , comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in and a resin material.6. An electromagnetic wave-shielding material claim 1 , formed of a material comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in and a resin material.7. An electronic material claim 1 , formed of a material comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in .8. An electronic component claim 1 , formed of a material comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in . The present invention relates to a Mn ferrite powder, a resin composition, an electromagnetic wave-shielding material, an electronic material, and an electronic component.It is known to use a ferrite powder in an electromagnetic wave-shielding material (see, e.g., Patent Literatures 1, 2, and 3).As the electromagnetic wave-shielding material using a ferrite powder, an electromagnetic wave-shielding material obtained by molding a resin composition ...

COMPOSITION HAVING EXCELLENT TRANSPARENCY

To provide a laminated product of a layer including a polyvinyl acetal and a layer including a hydrocarbon-based polymer, having excellent adhesion between the layers. 1. A composition comprising:a polyvinyl acetal satisfying at least one of definition 1 and definition 2;Definition 1: When 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal is dissolved in 100 g of methanol, an undissolved content of the polyvinyl acetal is 2.5 to 90% by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl acetal;Definition 2: When 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal is dissolved in 100 g of chloroform, an undissolved content of the polyvinyl acetal is 5% to 70% by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl acetal; and30 parts to 70 parts by mass of a plasticizer mixture, the plasticizer mixture comprising 0.5% to 100% by mass of a plasticizer comprising a polar group and 0% to 99.5% by mass of a plasticizer comprising no polar group;wherein the plasticizer comprising a polar group comprises a polar group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a polyethyleneoxide group having a polymerization degree of 10 or more, a polypropylene oxide group having a polymerization degree of 10 or more, a carboxyl group and an amino group.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal further satisfies:when a solution obtained by dissolving 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal in 100 g of ethanol is titrated with hexane, a dropping amount of hexane until the solution becomes clouded is 150 mL or more.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal further satisfies:when a solution obtained by dissolving 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal in 100 g of ethanol is titrated with deionized water, a dropping amount of deionized water until the solution becomes clouded is 15 mL or more.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer comprising a polar group is a compound comprising a hydroxyl group.5. The composition according to claim 4 , wherein the ...

FILM COMPRISING COPOLYMER OR COMPOSITION

Provided are a film in which the balance between hydrophilicity and abrasion resistance is superior, decrease in hydrophilicity by water is minimal, and the weather resistance is also superior; as well as a polymer and a polymer composition that can yield such a film. The film of the invention is prepared from a specific copolymer (i) having a sulfonic acid-containing group, an epoxy group, and a specific alkoxysilyl group in a molecule, or from a composition including the copolymer (i). 3. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the copolymer (i) measured by GPC is from 500 to 3 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000.5. The film according to claim 4 , wherein the ratio of the weight of the copolymer (i) to the weight of the silane compound (ii) reduced to a SiOweight is in a range from 99.9/0.1 to 0.1/99.9.6. The film according to claim 1 , which is obtained by heating.7. A laminate comprising a layer (Z) that comprises the film according to and a substrate.8. The laminate according to claim 7 , wherein the layer (Z) is an outermost layer of the laminate.9. The laminate according to claim 7 , which comprises a hard coat layer between the layer (Z) and the substrate.10. The laminate according to claim 7 , which comprises an antireflection layer between the layer (Z) and the substrate.11. The laminate according to claim 7 , wherein the layer (Z) has a change in a water contact angle of 20° or less claim 7 , the water contact angle being observed before and after the layer (Z) claim 7 , immersed in 25° C. water claim 7 , is ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes.12. An optical article or an optical device claim 7 , comprising the laminate according to . The present invention relates to a film obtained from a hydrophilic copolymer or a composition containing the copolymer, provided with antifogging performance, antifouling performance, and antistatic performance, and superior in abrasion resistance and weather resistance; and a use thereof. ...

PROTRUSION/RECESS STRUCTURE AND PRODUCING METHOD FOR THE SAME

A protrusion/recess structure in which fine particles will not drop easily and which will not be deformed easily is provided, and a producing method for the same is provided. In the protrusion/recess structure (porous film), protrusions or recesses (fine corrugations) are formed in a surface. The protrusion/recess structure is formed from plural fine particles and an amphipathic high molecular compound having a catechol group. The high molecular compound at least partially coats a surface of the fine particles, to adhere the fine particles to one another. A diameter of the recesses is larger than a diameter of the fine particles. Cast film is formed from solution containing the fine particles and the high molecular compound having the catechol group. Condensation on the cast film is performed, and organic solvent and water droplets created by the condensation are evaporated to produce the protrusion/recess structure. 1. A protrusion/recess structure having a surface , comprising:plural hydrophobic fine particles;an amphipathic high molecular compound for coating a particle surface of said fine particles at least partially, said amphipathic high molecular compound having a catechol group for adhesion between said fine particles; andplural recesses formed in said surface and in a larger size than said fine particles.2. A protrusion/recess structure as defined in claim 1 , wherein said surface is a film surface claim 1 , and said plural recesses are formed in a constant size and in a honeycomb structure on said film surface.3. A protrusion/recess structure as defined in claim 1 , wherein said surface is a film surface;further comprising plural protrusions defined between said plural recesses on said film surface, and formed at a constant height and shape.4. A protrusion/recess structure as defined in claim 1 , wherein a diameter of said fine particles is equal to or more than 1 nm and equal to or less than 10 μm.5. A protrusion/recess structure as defined in claim 1 , ...

COVERING FOR AN ITEM AND COMPOSITION THEREOF

A method for covering an item to decorate the item is provided. The method includes providing a covering and wrapping the covering on a surface of the item to decorate the item. The covering composition is also provided. The covering composition includes at least glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, polyoxymethylene sorbitan monolaurate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dehydrate, boric acid, 2-phenodyethanol, polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride, chloroxylenol, and methyl Paraben. 1. A method for covering an item to decorate the item , comprising:providing a covering, wherein the covering is composed of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and boric acid;wrapping the covering on a surface of the item to decorate the item.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a surface of the covering touches the surface of the item.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the surface of the covering that touches the surface of the item is a gluable surface.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the gluable surface of the covering is made by applying a liquid on a surface of the covering.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the liquid is water.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the water is applied to cover the complete surface of the covering.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the covering is further composed of water.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the water is at least 49.5% by volume claim 7 ,9. The method of claims 7 , wherein the covering is further composed of at least glycerol claims 7 , polyethylene oxide claims 7 , carboxymethyl cellulose sodium claims 7 , polyoxymethylene sorbitan monolaurate claims 7 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate dehydrate claims 7 , 2-phenodyethanol claims 7 , polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride claims 7 , chloroxylenol claims 7 , and methyl Paraben.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the glycerol is less than 20% by volume claim 9 , polyvinyl alcohol is less than 20% by volume claim 9 , the polyethylene oxide is less than 3 ...

Polarizer, polarizing plate, and image display apparatus

There is provided a polarizer that can realize the multi-functionalization and high-functionalization of an electronic device, such as an image display apparatus. A polarizer 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a resin film containing a dichromatic substance, wherein the polarizer has a low dichromatic substance concentration portion whose content of the dichromatic substance is relatively low in the resin film. The low dichromatic substance concentration portion 2 is brought into contact with an acidic solution. In one embodiment, the low dichromatic substance concentration portion corresponds to a camera portion of an image display apparatus on which the polarizer is mounted.

PRIMER COATING FOR METALLIZED GAS BARRIER FILMS

A primer coating is provided for use on polymeric substrates to enhance the adhesion of metallized coatings to the substrates. The primer coating also improves the gas barrier properties of the substrate when used in combination with a metallized coating. The primer coating includes an amorphous polyvinyl alcohol, polyethyleneimine, and optionally, an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane. The primer coating may be applied to a variety of polymeric substrates including polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate, oriented polypropylene, biaxially oriented polypropylene, and biaxially oriented polyamide. When used in combination with the subsequently applied metallized coating, an oxygen transmission rate of about 0.1 and 5.0 cc/m2/day at 0% relative humidity is achieved. 1. A primer coating for enhancing the adhesion of a metallized coating to a polymeric substrate , said coating comprising an amorphous polyvinyl alcohol , a polyethyleneimine , and optionally , an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane.2. The primer coating of comprising about 5 to about 15% by weight of said amorphous polyvinyl alcohol.3. The primer coating of comprising about 0.1 to about 0.15% by weight polyethyleneimine.4. The primer coating of comprising from about from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane having a solids content of about 33% by weight.5. The primer coating of comprising from about 0.03 to 2.5% by weight polyurethane in the form of an aqueous dispersion having a solids content of about 33 to about 50% by weight.6. The primer coating of further comprising a wetting agent.7. A primer coating for polymeric substrates which enhances the adhesion of subsequently applied metallized coatings thereto comprising:from about 5 to 15% by weight amorphous polyvinyl alcohol;from about 0.01 to about 0.15% by weight polyethyleneimine; andthe balance water.8. A primer coating for polymeric substrates which enhances the ...

PROGRAMMABLE MIP CATCH AND RELEASE TECHNOLOGY

Programmable molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) that have modified binding site kinetics for target imprintable entities (TIEs) that operate to control the adsorption, binding, release and equilibrium distribution of related materials into and out of the MIPs, which are useful for the controlled adsorption, controlled release and control of concentrations of such materials in media including gases, liquids, fluids, biological systems, solutions and other environments. When a collective plurality of the MIPs with modified binding site kinetics are combined, the resulting MIP systems can be tailored to exhibit pseudo zero- and first-order kinetics, as well as higher kinetic profiles, and when further combined with time-delay functionality, can be tailored to exhibit delayed uptake and release, ramped uptake and release of materials, step functions, polynomial, geometric, exponential and other unique kinetic profiles of material exchange between the novel MIPs and a fluid media that are not readily achievable by other means. 1. A molecularly imprinted polymer system for use in the catch and release of multiple materials comprising:(a) a first molecularly imprinted polymer with at least one first suboptimal average associative binding constant with respect to a first material to be released;(b) a second molecularly imprinted polymer with at least one second suboptimal average associative binding constant with respect to a second material to be captured;wherein said first molecularly imprinted polymer is dosed with said first material to a desired degree of saturation.wherein said first molecularly imprinted polymer and said second molecularly imprinted polymer are introduced or contacted with a fluid media; andwherein said first and said second molecularly imprinted polymers operate to controllably release a first material into said fluid media and controllably adsorb a second material from said fluid media, respectively.2. The molecularly imprinted polymer system of ...

Programmable mip catch and release technology

Programmable molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) that have modified binding site kinetics for target imprintable entities (TIEs) that operate to control the adsorption, binding, release and equilibrium distribution of related materials into and out of the MIPs, which are useful for the controlled adsorption, controlled release and control of concentrations of such materials in media including gases, liquids, fluids, biological systems, solutions and other environments. When a collective plurality of the MIPs with modified binding site kinetics are combined, the resulting MIP systems can be tailored to exhibit pseudo zero- and first-order kinetics, as well as higher kinetic profiles, and when further combined with time-delay functionality, can be tailored to exhibit delayed uptake and release, ramped uptake and release of materials, step functions, polynomial, geometric, exponential and other unique kinetic profiles of material exchange between the novel MIPs and a fluid media that are not readily achievable by other means.

Fragranced Water-Sensitive Film

A film formed from a water-soluble polymer matrix containing a fragrance is provided. The film is water-sensitive so that upon contact with a sufficient amount of water, the matrix loses its integrity to increasingly expose the fragrance to the ambient environment for releasing its odor. The ability to incorporate a fragrance into the matrix is achieved by controlling the nature of the fragrance and polymer, the manner in which the matrix and fragrance are melt processed, etc. For example, the fragrance may be injected directly into the extruder and melt blended with the polymer to avoid the costly, time-consuming steps of pre-encapsulation or pre-compounding of the fragrance into a masterbatch. Furthermore, to balance the fragrance's ability to release the desired odor during use while minimizing the premature exhaustion of the odor during processing, the fragrance has a boiling point (at atmospheric pressure) of from about 125° C. to about 350° C. 116-. (canceled)17. A water-sensitive fragranced film comprising at least one film-forming , water-soluble polymer and at least one liquid fragrance , wherein the at least one water-soluble polymer constitutes from about 40 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of the polymer content of the film , and wherein the liquid fragrance has a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of from about 125° C. to about 350° c.18. An absorbent article comprising the film of claim 17 , wherein the absorbent article comprises a body portion that includes a liquid permeable topsheet claim 17 , a generally liquid impermeable backsheet claim 17 , and an absorbent core positioned between the backsheet and the topsheet.19. A package comprising the film of .20. The film of claim 17 , wherein the water-soluble polymer includes a modified starch polymer.21. The film of claim 20 , wherein the modified starch is a starch ether claim 20 , starch ester claim 20 , or a combination thereof.22. The film of claim 21 , wherein the modified starch is a hydroxyalkyl ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING VINYL ESTER POLYMERS HAVING SPECIFICALLY SETTABLE DISPERSITY AND LOW POLYDISPERSITY

Methods for producing protective-colloid-stabilized aqueous dispersions of vinyl ester, polymers having weight-average particle diameters Dw of 120 nm to 1,500 nm and a polydispersity PD<1.6 include radically initiated emulsion polymerizations of one or more vinyl esters and optionally one or more additional ethylenically unsaturated monomers in aqueous medium in the presence of one or more protective colloids, wherein an aqueous mixture containing 0 to 90 grams of one more protective colloids per liter of water is provided to the receiver (concentration (C)), and starting with or after the start of the metered addition of one or more initiators, one or more protective colloids and the total amount of vinyl esters used are added in a metered manner, the emulsion polymerizations being performed in the absence of vinyl halogenides. 1. A process for producing protective colloid-stabilized aqueous dispersions of vinyl ester polymers having weight-average particle diameters Dw of 120 nm to 1500 nm and a polydispersity PD of <1.6 by means of free-radically initiated emulsion polymerizations of one or more vinyl esters and optionally one or more further ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of one or more protective colloids , characterized in that an aqueous mixture comprising 0 to 90 grams of one or more protective colloids per liter of water in the initial charge (concentration (C)) is initially charged and ,commencing with or after the start of metered addition of one or more initiators, one or more protective colloids and the total amount of vinyl esters used are metered in,the emulsion polymerizations being performed in the absence of vinyl halides.2. The process for producing protective colloid-stabilized aqueous dispersions of vinyl ester polymers as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that an aqueous mixture comprising 0.1 to 90 grams of one or more protective colloids per liter of water in the initial charge (concentration (C)) ...

Polyethylene Glycol Compositions for Controlling Relapse of Herpes Labialis, Herpes Genitalis, and Herpes Zoster

The present invention pertains generally to the field of therapy, and more specifically to the field of therapy for herpes simplex and herpes zoster, and more particularly, to methods of reducing the rate of relapse, delaying relapse, and/or preventing relapse of herpes labialis (cold sores on the lips), herpes genitalis (genital herpes), and herpes zoster (shingles, zona), by topical administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a composition comprising PEG. 1. A method of reducing the rate of relapse , delaying relapse , and/or preventing relapse of herpes labialis , herpes genitalis , or herpes zoster in a patient , comprising topically administering a therapeutically effective amount of:polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol.2. A method according to claim 1 , which is a method of reducing the rate of relapse of herpes labialis in a patient claim 1 , comprising topically administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of: polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol.3. A method according to claim 1 , which is a method of delaying relapse of herpes labialis in a patient claim 1 , comprising topically administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of: polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol.4. A method according to claim 1 , which is a method of preventing relapse of herpes labialis in a patient claim 1 , comprising topically administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of: polyethylene glycol or a composition comprising polyethylene glycol.5. A method according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the topical administration is to one or more sites exhibiting an active viral infection or to a site where there are no signs of an active infection but where active infection is known to occur or is expected to occur.6. A method according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the topical administration is on and/or around the lips of said ...

Polymerizate Comprising a Macromonomer

The present invention relates to a polymerizate in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion, the polymerizate being obtainable by radical polymerization of monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a free radical initiator and a protective colloid, wherein the monomers comprise a) 50-99.99 wt. % of at least one vinyl monomer chosen from the group of vinyl esters, (meth)acrylic esters, vinyl aromatic compounds, vinyl halides, and olefins, and b) 0.01-30 wt. % of at least one macromonomer M, the macromonomer M being a reaction product of components (i), (ii), and (iii), said —component (i) having at least one olefinically unsaturated group and at least one hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol group, —component (ii) being a di- or triisocyanate, and —component (iii) having at least two terminal groups selected from hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol groups, c) 0-20 wt % of at least one vinyl monomer with at least one functional group, wherein the monomers a), b), and c) sum up to 100 wt. % of total monomers employed. The invention further provides a process to prepare the polymerizate, water-redispersible polymer powders obtainable from the polymerizate, and building material compositions containing the polymerizate and/or the water-redispersible polymer powders. 1. Polymerizate in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion , the polymerizate being obtainable by radical polymerization of monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a free radical initiator and a protective colloid , wherein the monomers comprisea) 50-99.99 wt. % of at least one vinyl monomer chosen from the group of vinyl esters, (meth)acrylic esters, vinyl aromatic compounds, vinyl halides, and olefins, component (i) having at least one olefinically unsaturated group and at least one hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol group,', 'component (ii) being a di- or triisocyanate, and', 'component (iii) having at least two terminal groups selected from hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol groups, and, 'b) 0.01-30 wt. % of at ...

WATER-SOLUBLE UNIT DOSE ARTICLE

Water-soluble unit dose article having a water-soluble film wherein the water-soluble film has a polymeric resin having a copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3,4-diol and a second polyvinyl alcohol polymer. 1. A water-soluble unit dose article comprising a water-soluble film and a detergent composition , from about 10% to about 60% by weight of the water-soluble polymeric resin of a first polyvinyl alcohol polymer, wherein the first polyvinyl alcohol polymer is a copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3,4-diol; and', 'from about 40% to about 90% by weight of the water-soluble polymeric resin of a second polyvinyl alcohol polymer, wherein the second polyvinyl alcohol polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer, a polyvinylalcohol copolymer comprising an anionic substitution, or a mixture thereof., 'wherein the water-soluble film comprises a water-soluble polymeric resin, wherein the water-soluble polymeric resin comprises2. The water-soluble unit dose article according to wherein the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol has a percentage degree of hydrolysis claim 1 , as measured according to standard method JIS K6726 claim 1 , of from about 85% to about 100%.3. The water-soluble unit dose article according to wherein the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol has a 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol monomer unit in a proportion of about 1 to about 15 mol %.4. The water-soluble unit dose articles according to wherein the 1-butene-3 claim 3 ,4-diol monomer unit is in a proportion of about 2 to about 10 mol % in the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 3 ,4-diol.5. The water-soluble unit dose article according to wherein the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol has a viscosity of from about 1 to about 25 mPas claim 1 , wherein the viscosity is measured as about a 4% aqueous solution in demineralized water at about 20° C.6. The water-soluble unit dose article according to ...

SOFT THERMOPLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AND FLUSHABLE MATERIALS

A water-dispersible injection-moldable resin blend includes 20 wt. % to 80 wt. % thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a styrenic block copolymer (SBC); and 80 wt. % to 20 wt. % modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), wherein the modified PVOH is unmodified PVOH blended with glycerin. A flushable tampon applicator includes a grip region generally adjacent the outer end of the barrel, wherein the grip region of the barrel includes a water-dispersible injection-moldable resin blend including 20 wt. % to 80 wt. % thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a styrenic block copolymer (SBC), and 80 wt. % to 20 wt. % modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), wherein the modified PVOH is unmodified PVOH blended with glycerin. 1. A water-dispersible injection-moldable resin blend comprising:20 wt. % to 80 wt. % thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a styrenic block copolymer (SBC); and80 wt. % to 20 wt. % modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), wherein the modified PVOH is unmodified PVOH blended with glycerin.2. The resin blend of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is an SBC.3. The resin blend of claim 2 , wherein the SBC is one of poly(styrene-isoprene-styrene) (SIS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene) (SEBS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene) (SEPS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-ethylene/propylene) (SEP) claim 2 , and poly(styrene-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-styrene) (SEEPS).4. The resin blend of claim 2 , wherein the SBC is poly(styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene) (SEBS).5. The resin blend of claim 1 , wherein the unmodified PVOH is partially hydrolyzed (87-89%) with a viscosity range of 3.0-3.7 cps.6. The resin blend of claim 1 , ...

THERMOPLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AND FLUSHABLE MATERIAL

A water-dispersible injection-moldable composition includes partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyethylene glycol (PEG), plasticizer, and a hydrophobic polymeric component, wherein the composition has a melt flow index of 5-180. The hydrophobic polymeric component can be a colorant within an ethylene matrix or polyethylene. The composition is flushable according to Guidance Document for Assessing the Flushability of Nonwoven Consumer Products (INDA and EDANA, 2006); Test FG 522.2 Tier 2—Slosh Box Disintegration Test. The PVOH has a hydrolysis of 87% to 89%. 1. A water-dispersible injection-moldable composition comprising:partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH);polyethylene glycol (PEG);plasticizer; anda hydrophobic polymeric component, wherein the composition has a melt flow index of 5-180.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymeric component is a colorant within an ethylene matrix.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymeric component is polyethylene.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a melt flow index of 60-90.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 55 wt. % to 75 wt. % partially-hydrolyzed PVOH.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 15 wt. % to 25 wt. % PEG.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 9 wt. % to 14 wt. % plasticizer.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is glycerin.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the PVOH has a viscosity range of 3.0-3.7 cps.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the PVOH has a hydrolysis of 87% to 89%.11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is flushable according to Guidance Document for Assessing the Flushability of Nonwoven Consumer Products (INDA and EDANA claim 1 , 2006); Test FG 522.2 Tier 2—Slosh Box Disintegration Test.12. A water-dispersible injection-moldable composition comprising:55 wt. % to 75 wt. % partially- ...

High Strength Joining System For Fiber Reinforced Composites

The invention relates to joined fiber reinforced composite structures with continuity of fiber reinforcement across adhesive-to-substrate boundaries. Use of a thermal gradient to control the extent of infusion of resin blocking substances into fiber reinforced material, and subsequent resin infusion and resin blocking substance removal, during manufacture of components to be subsequently bonded, provides partially exposed reinforcing fibers which serve to reinforce a subsequently formed joint or boundary. 111-. (canceled)12. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material comprising structural fiber with B-stage resin infused into one surface and a flexible water soluble polymer infused into the opposite surface.13. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material comprising structural fiber infused with a soluble resin blocking substance on one surface and with free fibers on the opposite surface.1418-. (canceled)19. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said flexible water soluble polymer comprises PVA.20. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said structural fiber is electrostatically flocked into said material.21. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said structural fiber with B-stage resin infused into one surface comprises pre-preg.22. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said soluble resin blocking substance comprises PVA.23. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said structural fiber is electrostatically flocked into said material.24. A method of providing exposed structural fibers at a surface for bonding of an article thereto claim 13 , said method comprising the steps of:establishing a generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material against the surface of a second material,wherein said second material comprises structural fiber and B-stage resin ...

CONSOLIDATED NONWOVEN

The present invention relates to a consolidated nonwoven consolidated by treatment with an aqueous binder composition comprising: 115-. (canceled)16. A consolidated nonwoven consolidated by treatment with an aqueous binder composition comprising:a polymer P,a polyvinylalcohol,optionally a starch compound S and 75 to 99% by weight of one or more monomers a) selected from the group consisting of esters of one or more of acrylic and methacrylic acid with alkanols of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aliphatic conjugated diene and aromatic vinyl compound,', '1 to 25% by weight of one or more monomers b) selected from the group consisting of N-methylolacrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, glycidyl methacrylate and carboxylic acid-functional ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and', '≥0 to 15% by weight of one or more further ethylenically unsaturated monomer c) different from any of monomers a) and b),', 'wherein the amounts of monomers a) to c) sum to 100 wt %., 'optionally at least one metal compound M selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium and zinc, in the form of an oxide, hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate, wherein the polymer P is obtained by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture of'}17. The consolidated nonwoven according to claim 16 , wherein the polymer P is obtained by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture of75 to 99% by weight of one or more monomers a) selected from the group consisting of esters of one or more of acrylic and methacrylic acid with alkanols of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aliphatic conjugated diene and aromatic vinyl compound,1 to 15% by weight of one or more of N-methylolacrylamide and N-methylol-methacrylamide (monomer b1),0 to 5% by weight of one or more carboxylic acid-functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer b2), and0 to 15% by weight of one or more further ethylenically unsaturated monomers c) different from any of monomers a), b1) and b2)wherein the amounts of monomers a) to c) ...

WATER-DECOMPOSABLE RESIN COMPOSITION, SUPPORT MATERIAL FOR USE IN MODELING, AND MODELED PRODUCT

A water-decomposable resin composition is provided. The water-decomposable resin composition includes a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a water absorptive resin. The polyvinyl alcohol resin has a melting point and a temperature at which a weight thereof decreases by 10% due to heat, and the difference between the melting point and the temperature is 100° C. or more. 1. A water-decomposable resin composition , comprising:a polyvinyl alcohol resin, the polyvinyl alcohol resin having a melting point and a temperature at which a weight thereof decreases by 10% due to heat, a difference between the melting point and the temperature being 100° C. or more; anda water absorptive resin.2. The water-decomposable resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the difference between the melting point and the temperature at which the weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin decreases by 10% due to heat is 140° C. or more.4. The water-decomposable resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the water absorptive resin has at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid claim 1 , sulfonic acid claim 1 , maleic anhydride claim 1 , acrylamide claim 1 , vinyl alcohol claim 1 , ethylene oxide claim 1 , asparagine acid claim 1 , glutamic acid claim 1 , alginic acid claim 1 , glucose claim 1 , and cellulose.5. The water-decomposable resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the water absorptive resin has an average particle diameter in the range of 25 to 370 μm.6. The water-decomposable resin composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a foaming agent.7. The water-decomposable resin composition according to claim 6 , wherein the foaming agent generates a gas upon contact with water.8. The water-decomposable resin composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a filler.9. A support material for use in modeling claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the water-decomposable resin composition according to ...

METHOD FOR DELIVERING ALUMINUM INTO WATERBORNE TINT BASE OR PAINT AND REFINISH MIXER SYSTEM

An automotive refinish coating mixer system includes (a) one or both of (i) at least one pellet of a compressed mixture of metal pigment and a powdered, water-soluble polymer and (ii) at least one pre-measured portion of metal flake pigment sealed in water-soluble polymer film; (b) a plurality of aqueous pigmented and unpigmented bases; and (c) a reducer base. 1. An automotive refinish coating mixer system , comprising: a pellet, the pellet comprising a compressed mixture of a metal pigment and a powdered, water-soluble polymer, and', '(ii) a pre-measured portion of a metal pigment sealed in a water-soluble polymer film;, '(a) at least one of'}(b) a plurality of aqueous pigmented and unpigmented bases; and(c) a reducer base.2. The automotive refinish coating mixer system according to claim 1 , wherein the pellet (i) is present and wherein the metal pigment comprises an aluminum pigment.3. The automotive refinish coating mixer system according to claim 2 , wherein the water-soluble polymer of the pellet (i) comprises polyvinylpyrrolidone.4. The automotive refinish coating mixer system according to claim 2 , wherein the pellet (i) comprises a water soluble coating.5. The automotive refinish coating mixer system according to claim 1 , wherein the pre-measured portion (ii) is present and wherein the metal pigment comprises an aluminum pigment.6. The automotive refinish coating mixer system according to claim 5 , wherein the water-soluble polymer of the pre-measured portion (ii) comprises polyvinyl alcohol.7. The automotive refinish coating mixer system according to claim 1 , wherein the metal pigment comprises a surface treatment that resists degradation by water.8. A pellet comprising:a compressed mixture of a metal pigment, anda powdered, water-soluble polymer.9. The pellet according to claim 8 , wherein the metal pigment comprises an aluminum pigment.10. The pellet according to claim 8 , wherein the water-soluble polymer comprises polyvinylpyrrolidone.11. The pellet ...

SIMULATED CONTRAST INJECTION MEDIUM

A medical fluid injection system may include a powered injector and a fluid reservoir that contains a simulated contrast medium. The simulated contrast medium may exhibit a fluid flow property substantially equal to that of an active contrast medium but be devoid of any active contrast agent that provides contrast during diagnostic imaging. During operation, a syringe in the powered injector may be filled with the simulated contrast medium and then evacuated to discharge the simulated contrast medium from the syringe. The simulated contrast medium may be used to test and evaluate the performance of the powered injector prior to use in a medical procedure without exposing personnel to an active contrast agent or creating medical waste that contains the active contrast agent. 1. A simulated contrast injection medium comprising a simulated contrast agent and a diluent , wherein the simulated contrast medium exhibits a fluid flow property substantially equal to that of an active contrast medium but is devoid of any active contrast agent that provides contrast during diagnostic imaging.2. The simulated contrast injection medium of claim 1 , wherein the simulated contrast agent comprises a polymer claim 1 , the active contrast medium comprises at least one of iodine claim 1 , barium claim 1 , and a radioisotope claim 1 , and the simulated contrast medium is devoid of iodine claim 1 , barium claim 1 , and the radioisotope.3. The simulated contrast injection medium of claim 2 , wherein the polymer ranges from approximately 0.1 weight percent to approximately 10 weight percent of the simulated contrast medium.4. The simulated contrast injection medium of claim 2 , wherein the polymer ranges from approximately 1 weight percent to approximately 5 weight percent of the simulated contrast medium.5. The simulated contrast injection medium of claim 2 , wherein the diluent comprises water.6. The simulated contrast injection medium of claim 1 , wherein the simulated contrast agent ...

BIOADHESIVE COMPOSITION AND DEVICE FOR REPAIRING TISSUE DAMAGE

Provided is a bioadhesive composition and device including same, the composition including a polymeric matrix and at least one synthetic bioadhesive polymer carried by the polymeric matrix, the polymeric matrix including at least one synthetic thermoplastic polymer characterized by one or more of (a) an average molecular weight in the range of between 20,000 Da to 90,000 Da; and (b) it includes polycaprolactone (PCL); wherein exposure to heat causes the bioadhesive composition to transform into a non-solid state and to cohesively adhere to a biological tissue upon subsequent cooling thereof. Also provided herein are methods of preparing the composition or device, and use of the composition or device in therapy, e.g. for treating hernia. 153.-. (canceled)54. A bioadhesive composition , comprising: a polymeric matrix; and at least one synthetic bioadhesive polymer carried by the polymeric matrix , the polymeric matrix comprising at least one synthetic thermoplastic polymer characterized by one or more of the followingan average molecular weight in the range of from 20,000 Da to 90,000 Da, andit comprises polycaprolactone (PCL),wherein exposure to heat causes the bioadhesive composition to transform into a non-solid state and to cohesively adhere to a biological tissue upon subsequent cooling thereof.55. The bioadhesive composition of claim 54 , wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer consists of a single type of polymer having an average molecular weight in the range of from 40 claim 54 ,000 to 60 claim 54 ,000 or a combination of two or more thermoplastic polymers having an average molecular weight in the range of from 40 claim 54 ,000 to 60 claim 54 ,000.56. The bioadhesive composition of claim 55 , wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer comprises or consists of PCL.57. The bioadhesive composition of claim 56 , wherein the PCL has an average molecular weight in the range of from 43 claim 56 ,000 to 48 claim 56 ,000.58. The bioadhesive composition of ...

POLYMER COMPOSITIONS OF DIHYDROXYACETONE AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure provides injectable synthetic and biodegradable polymeric biomaterials that effectively prevent seroma, a common postoperative complication following ablative and reconstructive surgeries. Provided biomaterials include physically crosslinked hydrogels that are thixotropic, display rapid chain relaxation, are easily extruded through narrow gauge needles, biodegrade into inert products, are well tolerated by soft tissues, and effectively prevent seroma in a radical breast mastectomy animal model. 142-. (canceled)43. A copolymer comprising poly-dihydroxyacetone (pDHA) , wherein the copolymer is a cross-linked hydrogel.44. The copolymer of claim 43 , wherein the cross-linked hydrogel is physically crosslinked.45. The copolymer of claim 43 , wherein the copolymer is thixotropic.4648-. (canceled)49. The copolymer of claim 43 , wherein the pDHA copolymer is a copolymer of DHA and a polyol.50. The copolymer of claim 43 , wherein the pDHA copolymer is a copolymer of DHA and alkylene glycol.5152-. (canceled)53. The copolymer of claim 43 , wherein the pDHA copolymer is a PEG-pDHA diblock copolymer.5467-. (canceled)68. The copolymer of claim 53 , wherein the alkylene glycol block is terminated with a suitable organic group.69. The copolymer of claim 68 , wherein the organic group is aliphatic claim 68 , acyl claim 68 , heteroaliphatic claim 68 , aryl claim 68 , or heteroaryl.70. The copolymer of claim 68 , wherein the organic group is selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates claim 68 , proteins claim 68 , and peptides.71. The copolymer of claim 69 , wherein the organic group is monomethoxy.72. The copolymer of claim 43 , wherein the pDHA polymer is poly(MPEG-b-2-oxypropylene carbonate).73. The copolymer of claim 43 , wherein the pDHA polymer is poly(MPEG-b-2 claim 43 ,2 claim 43 ,di(Caliphatic)oxy-1 claim 43 ,3-propylene carbonate).74. The copolymer of claim 73 , wherein the pDHA polymer is poly(MPEG-b-2 claim 73 ,2 claim 73 ,dimethyoxy-1 claim ...

THERAPEUTIC USES OF OLIGOMERIC AND POLYMERIC MONOTERPENES

A method of treating a skin or scalp disorder is disclosed. The method calls for topically (a) administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a composition has at least one oligomeric or polymeric form of a monoterpene, and is substantially devoid of the corresponding monomeric form of said monoterpene, and (b) treating a skin or scalp disorder. The monoterpene is selected from the group consisting of alloocimene, limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, geranyl acetate, α-phellandrene, γ-terpinene, 3-carene and 2-carene, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and wherein the composition is substantially devoid of the corresponding monomeric form of said monoterpene. 1. A method of treating a skin or scalp disorder , the method comprising topically administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising at least one oligomeric or polymeric form of a monoterpene , wherein the monoterpene is selected from the group consisting of alloocimene , limonene , α-pinene , β-pinene , geranyl acetate , α-phellandrene , γ-terpinene , 3-carene and 2-carene , and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and wherein the composition is substantially devoid of the corresponding monomeric form of said monoterpene; thereby treating a skin or scalp disorder.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the skin or scalp disorder is selected from the group consisting of alopecia claim 1 , vitiligo claim 1 , eczema claim 1 , psoriasis claim 1 , acne claim 1 , seborrheic keratosis claim 1 , seborrhea and a skin wound.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the skin disorder is a skin wound selected from the group consisting of a venous leg ulcer claim 2 , a pressure ulcer claim 2 , a diabetic foot ulcer claim 2 , a burn claim 2 , an amputation wound claim 2 , a decubitus ulcer (bed sore) claim 2 , a split-skin donor graft claim 2 , a skin graft donor site claim 2 , a medical device implantation site claim 2 , a ...

HYDROPHILIC COATING FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS

The present invention relates to hydrophilic coatings for heat exchangers, and methods and compositions for depositing such coatings comprising applying a composition comprising at least one curable polyvinyl alcohol and at least one wetting agent to a surface of a metal substrate and curing the composition on the surface of the metal substrate. 1. A method of coating a metal substrate comprising:(i) applying a composition comprising at least one curable polyvinyl alcohol and at least one wetting agent to a surface of a metal substrate;(ii) curing the composition on the surface of the metal substrate by heating to a temperature of from 60° C. to 230° C. thereby forming a cured coating; and optionally pretreating the metal substrate with a varnish or an undercoat before step (i).3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal substrate is a heat exchanger and the composition is applied in step (i) by spraying claim 1 , dip-coating claim 1 , rotation-coating and/or printing.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is applied in a wet film thickness such that claim 1 , the heating in step (ii) produces a dry film thickness of from 0.1 to 10 μm.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one curable polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of saponification of at least 95%.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one curable polyvinyl alcohol is present in the composition in a quantity of between about 10 and about 60% by weight claim 1 , based upon total composition.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition contains less than 3% by weight of organic polymers and/or copolymers having free and/or esterified carboxylate groups that do not represent curable polyvinyl alcohols.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition contains claim 1 , in total claim 1 , less than 1% by weight of organic polymers and/or copolymers which represent neither curable polyvinyl alcohols claim 1 , nor polymers ...

DIVERTING AGENTS BASED ON THERMOPLASTIC POLYVINYL ALCOHOL PELLETS

A biodegradable and substantially water-soluble thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol-based diverting agent is provided which comprises pellets of a specified polyvinyl alcohol optionally with certain specified additives, which pellets are made in an extruder and cut to a specified size. 1. A particulate diverting agent composition comprising pellets of a melt-extrudable , thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol composition comprising: (1) a polyvinyl alcohol component comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin which is a hydrolyzed polymer of vinyl acetate and optionally minor amounts of one or more comonomers , and (2) a plasticizer , wherein:(a) the thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol composition has a melt flow index in the range of from about 0.5 to about 60 g/10 min (190° C., 21.6 kg);(b) the polyvinyl alcohol resin has degree of hydrolysis is in the range of from about 60 mol % to 100 mol %, and a viscosity-average degree of polymerization of from about 200 to about 3000; and(c) the diverting agent composition has a D(90) pellet size of a length of from about 2 mm to about 6 mm, and a diameter of from about 2 mm to about 5 mm.2. The particular diverting agent of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol composition further comprises at least one additional additive selected from the group consisting of a starch and a filler.3. The particular diverting agent of claim 2 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol composition further comprises a filler.4. The particulate diverting agent of claim 3 , wherein the filler is an acid-soluble weighting agent.5. The particulate diverting agent of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol resin is a fully- or partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer.6. The particulate diverting agent of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol resin is a transition product.7. The particulate diverting agent of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol resin has a viscosity claim 1 , based on a solution of 4 wt % in water (20° C. claim 1 , DIN 53015) claim 1 , in the ...

Fluororesin Composition

Provided are a fluororesin composition having a low electrostatic propensity, and a fluororesin molded article having a low electrostatic propensity that is configured from a fluororesin composition. A thermoplastic fluororesin composition that comprises a fluororesin, two or more kinds of vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene terpolymers and an ionic liquid, wherein said terpolymers include a terpolymer selected from among terpolymers containing 30-45 mol % of vinylidene fluoride and a terpolymer selected from among terpolymers containing 5-25 mol % of vinylidene fluoride; and a fluororesin molded article. 1. A thermoplastic fluororesin composition comprising:a fluororesin;two kinds of vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene terpolymers; andan ionic liquid,wherein the terpolymers are selected from terpolymers containing 30-45 mol % of vinylidene fluoride and terpolymers containing 5-25 mol % of vinylidene fluoride.2. The thermoplastic fluororesin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fluororesin is tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinylether copolymer or tetrafluoroethylene hexafluoropropylene copolymer.3. The fluororesin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the terpolymer containing 30-45 mol % of vinylidene fluoride and the terpolymer containing 5-25 mol % of vinylidene fluoride are contained in a total amount of 0.1% by mass to 10% by mass.4. The fluororesin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid has a heterocyclic ring.5. The fluororesin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is contained in the amount of 0.01% by mass to 1% by mass in the fluororesin composition. The present invention relates to a fluororesin composition having a low electrostatic propensity, and particularly relates to a thermoplastic fluororesin composition and a fluororesin molded article using the same.A fluororesin is a material having a high electrostatic propensity and surface resistance. ...

FORMULATION AND PROCESSING SOLUTION FOR DICING PROCESS, AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING

A formulation for a wafer dicing process comprises 1.0 to 1.5 mass % of a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 200 to 400 and a saponification degree of 75 to 85 mol %; 0.4 to 0.6 mass % of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene glycol ether having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20,000 with a polymerization ratio of polyoxyethylene to polyoxypropylene of 75:25 to 85:15; and pure water (all mass % based on 100 mass % of formulation). The formulation is used in the form of a processing solution obtained by diluting it 10,000 to 100,000 times by pure water and flowing it on a dicing blade in a wafer dicing process to effectively remove dicing offcuts from the wafer and minute pieces of adhesive released from an adhesive layer of a dicing tape. 1. A formulation for a dicing process , which comprises 1.0 to 1.5 mass % in relation to 100 mass % of formulation of a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 200 to 400 and a saponification degree of 75 to 85 mold; 0.4 to 0.6 mass % in relation to 100 mass % of formulation of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene glycol ether having a number average molecular weight of 10 ,000 to 20 ,000 with a polymerization ratio of polyoxyethylene to polyoxypropylene of 75:25 to 85:15; and pure water.2. The formulation for a dicing process according to claim 1 , wherein the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of 300 and a saponification degree of 80 mol %.3. The formulation for a dicing process according to claim 1 , wherein the polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene glycol ether has a number average molecular weight of 15 claim 1 ,500 with a polymerization ratio of polyoxyethylene to polyoxypropylene of 83:17.4. The formulation for a dicing process according to claim 1 , wherein the formulation further comprises 0.1 mass % in relation to 100 mass % of formulation of phenyl glycol.5. The formulation for a dicing process according to claim 1 , ...

NEUTRALIZATION COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE

Provided are processes and compositions for neutralizing a material of interest such as a biological, chemical, or other toxic agent on or from a surface. A method includes applying a neutralization composition to a surface having a material of interest deposited thereon where the composition includes a resin and an active decontaminant, encapsulating the material of interest with the neutralization composition, curing or otherwise solidifying the neutralization composition to form a polymeric coating on the surface, and optionally peeling the coating from the surface. The peeling may remove a portion or all of the material of interest from the surface. The presence of the active decontaminant optionally further neutralizes the material of interest independent of peeling. Also provided are neutralization compositions that may be used in the processes provided herein. 1. A method of neutralizing a material of interest , comprising:applying a neutralization composition comprising a resin and an active decontaminant to a surface having the material of interest disposed thereon;encapsulating the material of interest with the neutralization composition;curing the neutralization composition on the surface, thereby forming a polymeric coating on the surface; andpeeling the polymeric coating from the surface so as to remove the material of interest from the surface.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material of interest is selected from the group consisting of a biological agent claim 1 , a chemical nerve agent claim 1 , a chemical blister agent claim 1 , a blood agent claim 1 , a lung damaging agent claim 1 , and a toxic industrial chemical (TIC) or toxic industrial material (TIM).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material of interest is a biological agent comprising a bacteria claim 1 , a bacterial spore claim 1 , or a virus.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the active decontaminant comprises a chloride or sulfide compound.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

DEGRADABLE POLYMER AND FIBER COMPONENTS

A degradable downhole component can include a thermoset composite material that includes a thermoset resin that includes crosslinks to a water-soluble polymer and fiber. 1. A degradable downhole component comprising:a thermoset composite material that comprises a thermoset resin that comprises crosslinks to a water-soluble polymer and fiber.2. The degradable downhole component of wherein the thermoset resin comprises an epoxy resin.3. The degradable downhole component of wherein the epoxy resin comprises an aliphatic epoxy resin.4. The degradable downhole component of wherein the water-soluble polymer comprises hydroxyl groups.5. The degradable downhole component of wherein the water-soluble polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol.6. The degradable downhole component of wherein the fiber comprises E-glass.7. The degradable downhole component of wherein the fiber comprises at least one filament that comprises a length greater than approximately 10 cm.8. The degradable downhole component of wherein the fiber comprises at least one filament wound about an axis of the degradable downhole component.9. The degradable downhole component of wherein the thermoset comprises an epoxy claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble polymer comprises hydroxyl groups and wherein the fiber comprises E-glass.10. The degradable downhole component of wherein the thermoset composite is structurally degradable in a saline solution.11. The degradable downhole component of wherein the thermoset resin comprises a substantially constant storage modulus in a temperature range from approximately 50 degrees C. to approximately 150 degrees C.12. The degradable downhole component of comprising an initial compressive strength in excess of approximately 30 claim 1 ,000 psi.13. The degradable downhole component of wherein the initial compressive strength remains at least approximately 30 claim 12 ,000 psi after exposure to an aqueous 3 percent potassium chloride solution for approximately 5 hours at approximately ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURE OF PROCESSABLE POLYVINYL ALCOHOL

The invention describes a method for the manufacture of a plasticised polyvinyl alcohol polymer mixture, the method comprising the steps of: 1. A method for the manufacture of a plasticised polyvinyl alcohol polymer mixture , the method comprising the steps of:introducing a polyvinyl alcohol polymer comprising at least 98 wt % polyvinyl alcohol or a blend of the polymer into a mixing reactor;wherein the mixing reactor comprises a blending chamber having a primary inlet, a primary outlet and at least two inter-engaging components extending between the primary inlet and primary outlet, the components being arranged to apply a shearing force to the polymer while the polymer is conveyed by the components from the inlet through a reaction zone to the outlet;one or more secondary inlets located downstream from the primary inlet for introducing reactants comprising a processing agent and a plasticiser to the chamber to form a reaction mixture;wherein the blending chamber comprises a plurality of heated regions arranged so that the mixture is subjected to a controlled temperature profile;a secondary outlet located between the reaction zone and primary outlet arranged to allow removal of processing agent from the chamber;reacting a reaction mixture comprising the processing agent, plasticiser and polymer in the reaction zone to form plasticised polymer,wherein when the processing agent is water the amounts of water is from 3 wt % to 18 wt %; andallowing the plasticised polymer to pass from the primary outlet.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the processing agent is water claim 1 , or a mixture of water and one or more C-Calcohols or other hydroxyl compounds; wherein the boiling point of the processing agent is less than the boiling point of the plasticiser.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of water is 3 wt % to 15 wt % claim 1 , alternatively 3 wt % to 12 wt % claim 1 , further alternatively 5 wt % to 11 wt %.4. The method according to any preceding ...

CARPET COATING COMPOSITIONS

An aqueous carpet coating composition comprises: (A) at least one particulate filler material; and (B) a stabilized copolymer dispersion comprising: (a) a copolymer formed by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising a vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and 1 to 25 pphm of ethylene, wherein the copolymer comprises particles having a weight average particle size, d, of at least 200 nm as determined by Beckman Coulter LS 13320; (b) water; and (c) a stabilizing system comprising (i) 1 to 4 pphm of an emulsifier component consisting of at least one non-ionic surfactant and (ii) 0.5 to 4 pphm of at least one first polyvinyl alcohol component having a degree of hydrolysis greater than 92 mol %. 1. An aqueous carpet coating composition comprising: (A) at least one particulate filler material; and (B) a stabilized copolymer dispersion comprising:{'sub': 'w', '(a) a copolymer formed by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising a vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and from 1 to 25 pphm of ethylene, wherein the copolymer comprises particles having a weight average particle size, d, of at least 200 nm as determined by laser diffraction;'}(b) water; and(c) a stabilizing system comprising (i) from 1 to 4 pphm of an emulsifier component consisting of at least one non-ionic surfactant and (ii) 0.5 to 4 pphm of at least one first polyvinyl alcohol component having a degree of hydrolysis greater than 92 mol %.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms comprises vinyl acetate.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer comprises from 6 to 20 pphm of ethylene.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer comprises from 6 to 14 pphm of ethylene.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer has a weight average particle size claim 1 , d claim 1 , from 200 to 1500 nm as determined by laser diffraction.6. The ...

POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL)-BASED RESIN, DISPERSING AGENT AND DISPERSING AGENT FOR SUSPENSION

An object of the present invention is to provide a PVA-based resin having a small distribution in degree of heat treatment in which the degree of heat treatment does not depend on a particle diameter. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin of the present invention has an absorbance at 280 nm of 0.3 or more when being made to a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution and satisfies the following Formula (1): 0.9≤X/Y≤1.2 (in Formula (1), Xrepresents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 1000 μm and 1680 μm or less, and Yrepresents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 212 μm and 500 μm or less). 1. A polyvinyl alcohol-based resin comprising at least:a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 1000 μm and 1680 μm or less; anda polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 212 μm and 500 μm or less,wherein an absorbance at 280 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is 0.3 or more; and {'br': None, 'sub': 1', '1, '0.9≤X/Y≤1.2 \u2003\u2003(1)'}, 'the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin satisfies the following Formula (1){'sub': 1', '1, 'in Formula (1), Xrepresents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 1000 μm and 1680 μm or less, and Yrepresents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 212 μm and 500 μm or less.'}2. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin according to claim 1 , further satisfying the following Formula (2):{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2, '0.8 5≤X/Y≤1.1 \u2003\u2003(2)'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'in Formula (2), Xrepresents an absorbance at 280 nm of the 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 1000 μm ...

QUANTUM DOT EMITTING DIODE AND QUANTUM DOT DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME

A quantum dot emitting diode includes first and second electrodes facing each other; a quantum dot emitting material layer between the first and second electrodes; and an electron transporting layer including an electron transporting material and disposed between the quantum dot emitting material layer and the second electrode, wherein the electron transporting material includes a core of metal oxide and a shell of silica. 1. A quantum dot emitting diode , comprising:first and second electrodes facing each other;a quantum dot emitting material layer between the first and second electrodes; andan electron transporting layer including an electron transporting material and disposed between the quantum dot emitting material layer and the second electrode,wherein the electron transporting material includes a core of metal oxide and a shell of silica.2. The quantum dot emitting diode according to claim 1 , wherein the shell has a thickness of about 1.5 to 3.5 nm.3. The quantum dot emitting diode according to claim 2 , wherein the core has a size of about 5 to 10 nm.4. The quantum dot emitting diode according to claim 1 , wherein the core includes at least one of ZnO claim 1 , ZnMgO and SnO.5. The quantum dot emitting diode according to claim 1 , wherein the shell has a conduction band level being higher than the core and a valance band level being lower than the core.6. The quantum dot emitting diode according to claim 1 , wherein the shell has an electron mobility being smaller than the core and an energy bandgap being greater than the core.7. The quantum dot emitting diode according to claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot emitting diode has a first luminance with the shell having a first thickness claim 1 , a second luminance with the shell having a second thickness claim 1 , which is smaller than the first thickness claim 1 , and a third luminance with the shell having a third thickness claim 1 , which is greater than the first thickness claim 1 , andwherein the each of ...

LOCAL APPLICATION OF D-LACTIC ACID DIMER IS SELECTIVELY CYTOTOXIC WHEN APPLIED TO CANCER CELLS

At equimolar concentrations, D-lactic acid dimer is more cytotoxic than L-lactic acid when directly applied to human HeLa cells in culture. The cytotoxicity of D-lactic acid dimer is an independent effect exclusive of the lower pH when applied to cancer cells in culture. At equimolar concentrations, D-lactic acid dimer is less cytotoxic than L-lactic acid when applied to normal human fibroblasts in culture. D-lactic acid dimer is cytotoxic when applied to human retinoblastoma cells in culture in a dose-dependent fashion. The experimental data supports the cytotoxic mechanism of D-lactic acid dimer via the Warburg effect. 2. The improvement of where said D-lactic acid dimer is replaced by oligomers of D-lactic acid with less than ten subunits. NoneNoneDiscovery of a new chemical reaction, a fundamental property of nature, is a major finding. For example, without the discovery of the Haber process, which resulted in nitrogen fixation, modern fertilizers could not be manufactured, and the current world population growth would not be sustainable.In 2011, at Duke University and the Durham Va. Medical Center, we discovered that a stereocomplex chemical reaction occurred between L-lactate and Polymer D-lactic acid (PDLA). (Goldberg, Weinberg 2014, 2016) A stereocomplex is a new substance that is formed when a molecule and its mirror image (D and L or enantiomers) come together with the proper orientation. The reaction occurs spontaneously and rapidly without a catalyst or enzyme. Later we discovered that D-lactic acid dimer (two D-lactic acids connected by an ester bond), synthesized at the Duke Small Molecule Synthesis Facility, would “sequester or trap” L-lactate.L-lactate has many potential functions. It can act as a neurotransmitter, a buffer for the efflux of hydrogen ions in some cancer cells, and an intermediary in glycolysis. Otto Warburg, a preeminent biochemist of the 20century who was nominated for 51 Nobel Prizes, discovered that most cancer cells utilize the ...