ТЕПЛООБМЕННЫЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

Изобретение относится к теплообменной композиции, которая может быть использована для замены существующих хладагентов, которые должны иметь пониженный потенциал глобального потепления (ПГП). Теплообменная композиция состоит по существу из от приблизительно 40 до приблизительно 60 вес.% R-152a, от приблизительно 5 до приблизительно 50 вес.% R-134a и от приблизительно 5 до приблизительно 50 вес.% R-1234ze(E). Указанная композиция является зеотропной. Изобретение обеспечивает хладагенты с пониженными показателями ПГП, токсичности и воспламеняемости при повышенном энергетическом выходе, составляющем по меньшей мере 95%, по отношению к отдельному хладагенту. 16 н. и 29 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил., 9 табл.

ТЕПЛОПЕРЕДАЮЩИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

Изобретение относится к теплопередающей композиции, содержащейE-1,3,3,3-тетрафторпроп-1-ен (R1234ze(E)), 3,3,3 трифторпропен (R-1243zf) и дифторметан (R32). Описывается использование указанной композиции в теплообменнике, в составе вспениваемой композиции, распыляемой композиции, для охлаждения или нагрева изделия, в способах очистки или экстракции материалов, снижения воздействия на окружающую среду продукта эксплуатации существующего хладагента. Предложенная композиция обладает улучшенными характеристиками охлаждения при пониженной огнеопасности и пониженном значении потенциала глобального потепления и может быть подходящей для замены существующих холодильных агентов, у которых эти показатели ниже. 15 н. и 33 з.п. ф-лы, 9 табл.

ТЕПЛОПЕРЕДАЮЩИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

Изобретение относится к области теплопередающих композиций. Теплопередающая композиция содержит по существу из от около 60 до около 85 мас.% транс-1,3,3,3-тетрафторпропена (R-1234ze(E)) и от около 15 до около 40 мас.% фторэтана (R-161). Также изобретение касается теплопередающей композиции, включающей R-1234ze(E), R-161 и 1,1,1,2-тетрафторэтан (R-134a). Изобретение обеспечивает понижение токсичности, горючести и GWP теплопередающей композиции при КПД в пределах 10% от величин, достигаемых при использовании существующих холодильных агентов. 21 н. и 32 з.п. ф-лы, 11 табл., 1 ил.

КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ ФУТБОЛЬНОЙ ИСЧЕЗАЮЩЕЙ ПЕНЫ

Изобретение относится к пенообразующему составу, используемому в качестве маркера для разметки спортивных площадок. Пенообразующий состав содержит а) натриевую, калиевую, аммониевую или аминную соль монокарбоновых кислот C-C, в том числе жирных кислот, из которых не менее 10 мас.% составляют кислоты кокосового или пальмоядрового масла, б) ПАВ из числа C-Cалкилполиглюкозидов, С-Салкилметилглюкамидов, в) соль кислоты, обладающей комплексообразующей способностью в отношении солей жесткости, г) воду с добавкой органического растворителя, выбранного из числа этанола, пропанола, бутанола, пропиленгликоля, при следующем содержании компонентов, мас.%: а:б:в:г=(0,2-2,0):(0,05-1,0):(0,05-0,5):(остальное - до 100,0), где суммарное содержание веществ в расчете на сухое в пенообразующем составе не превышает 3,5 мас.%. Состав может дополнительно включать эфирные масла в количестве от 0 до 0,5 мас.%, кремнийорганический компонент, выбранный из диметикона, циклометикона, диметиконола или их смеси в количестве ...

КОМПОЗИЦИЯ И СОДЕРЖАЩИЕ ЕЕ ТЕПЛОНОСИТЕЛЬ, ХЛАДАГЕНТ, ПЕНООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬ И РАСПЫЛЯЕМАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ

Изобретение относится к близкой к азеотропной композиции, применимой, в частности, в качестве хладагента, пропеллента, пенообразователя и теплоносителя, содержащей транс-1,3,3,3-пентафторпропан (TpaнcHFO-1234ze) и соединение, которое выбирают из группы, состоящей из 1,1-дифторэтана («HFC-152a»), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-гептафторпропана («CHFC-227ea»), 1,1,1,2-тетрафторэтана («HFC-134a»), 1,1,1,2,2-пентафторэтана («HFC-125»). Изобретение также относится к способам применения близкой к азеотропной композиции. Технический результат - композиции с низким потенциалом в истощении озонового слоя. 16 н. и 37 з.п. ф-лы, 4 табл.

ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЕ СРЕДСТВО ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОРОШКОВОГО АЭРОЗОЛЯ

Средство содержит, мас.%: активное вещество 0,01 - 5 и сжиженный углеводородный рабочий газ 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-гептафторпропан - остальное. Активное вещество является выбранным из группы, включающей вещества с β--миметический, антихолинергической, антиаллегрической и антагонистической в отношении активирующего тромбоциты фактора активностью. Средство может дополнительно содержать низший алкан в количестве 4 - 60 мас.% и по меньшей мере одно поверхностно-активное вещество в количестве 0,01 - 10 мас.%. Средство применяется для получения порошкового аэрозоля, является эффективным и экологически безвредным. 2 з.п. ф-лы, 7 пр.

СОСТАВ АЭРОЗОЛЯ, НАХОДЯЩИЙСЯ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ

Изобретение относится к химико-фармацевтической промышленности и касается состава аэрозоля, в частности к медикаментам для инъекций. Изобретение заключается в том, что состав азрозоля содержит сжиженный гидрофтороалкан, диспергируемый в нем порошкообразный медикамент и растворимый в указанном гидрофтороалкане полимер, причем полимер включает в себя повторяющиеся структурные единицы, представляющие собой амидосодержащие единицы и единицы, содержащие сложный эфир карбоновой кислоты. Изобретение обеспечивает создание экологически чистого состава аэрозоля, в котором поддерживается необходимое для надежной работы давление и в котором обеспечивается хорошая растворимость и стабилизация лекарственных препаратов. 18 з.п. ф-лы, 3 табл.

УСТАНОВКА ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДНЫХ ПРОПЕЛЛЕНТОВ

Использование: изобретение относится к технике получения экологически чистых углеродистых газов - пропеллентов. Установка для получения углеводородных пропеллентов содержит тепломассообменный аппарат предварительной подготовки сырья, соединенный с узлом получения композиции пропеллентов, представленным в виде ректификационной колонны, угольные адсорберы, адсорберы для осушки и очистки пропеллентов, заполненные синтетическими цеолитами, узел подготовки газа регенерации, теплообменники и печи. Выход из верхней части ректификационной колонны соединен со входом в нижнюю часть угольных адсорберов. На выходе пропеллентов из каждого типа адсорберов установлены фильтры. В нижней части каждого адсорбера для осушки и очистки пропеллентов размещен слой цеолита NaA, над которым размещены цеолиты CaA и NaN. Узел подготовки газа регенерации выполнен в виде адсорберов, заполненных синтетическими цеолитами или в виде блока получения азота. 5 з.п.ф-лы, 3 ил.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДНЫХ ПРОПЕЛЛЕНТОВ

Изобретение относится к химической промышленности, а именно к технике осушки и очистки экологически чистых углеводородных газов - пропеллентов и может быть использовано в газовой, нефтехимической, а также бытовой химии. Способ получения углеводородных пропеллентов включает комплексную осушку и очистку углеводородного сырья и выделение композиции углеводородного пропеллента. В качестве углеводородного сырья используют пропанбутановую фракцию, или изобутан, или н-бутан, или пропан, или смесь пропана и н-бутана. Осушку и очистку осуществляют путем пропускания сырья в жидкой фазе через сорбенты в трех последовательно расположенных адсорберах. Первый по ходу технологического процесса адсорбер заполнен оксидом алюминия, второй по ходу технологического процесса адсорбер заполнен цеолитом NaA, а третий по ходу технологического процесса адсорбер заполнен цеолитом NaX. Заданную композицию пропеллента получают после третьего по ходу адсорбера, причем в случае использования в качестве углеводородного ...

ТЕПЛОПЕРЕДАЮЩИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

... 1. Теплопередающая композиция, включающая транс-1,3,3,3-тетрафторпропен (R-1234ze(E)), фторэтан (R-161) и третий компонент, выбранный из дифторметана (R-32) и/или 1,1-дифторэтана (R-152а).2. Композиция по п.1, включающая до около 30 мас.% третьего компонента и до около 30 мас.% R-161, остальное - R-1234ze.3. Композиция по п.1, в которой третий компонент является R-32.4. Композиция по п.3, включающая от около 58 до около 93 мас.% R-1234ze(E), от около 5 до около 30 мас.% R-161 и от около 2 до около 12 мас.% R-32.5. Композиция по п.4, включающая от около 68 до около 91 мас.% R-1234ze(E), от около 5 до около 20 мас.% R-161 и от около 4 до около 12 мас.% R-32.6. Композиция по п.1, в которой третий компонент является R-152a.7. Композиция по п.6, включающая от около 50 до около 93 мас.% R-1234ze(E), от около 2 до около 20 мас.% R-161 и от около 5 до около 30 мас.% R-152a.8. Композиция по п.7, включающая от около 60 до около 83 мас.% R-1234ze(E), от около 12 до около 20 мас.% R-161 и от около ...

КОМПОЗИЦИЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩАЯ ФТОРЗАМЕЩЕННЫЕ ОЛЕФИНЫ, И СПОСОБЫ ЕЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

ТЕПЛОПЕРЕДАЮЩИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

... 1. Теплопередающая композиция, состоящая, по существу, из от около 60 до около 85 мас.% транс-1,3,3,3-тетрафторпропена (R-1234ze(E)) и от около 15 до около 40 мас.% фторэтана (R-161)2. Композиция по п.1, состоящая, по существу, из от около 65 до около 82 мас.% R-1234ze(E) и от около 18 до около 35 мас.% R-161.3. Теплопередающая композиция, включающая R-1234ze(E), R-161 и 1,1,1,2-тетрафторэтан (R-134a).4. Композиция по п.3, включающая до около 50 мас.% R-134a.5. Композиция по п.4, включающая от около 4 до около 20 мас.% R-161, от около 25 до около 50 мас.% R-134a и от около 30 до около 71 мас.% R-1234ze(E).6. Композиция по любому из пп.3-5, состоящая, по существу, из R-1234ze(E), R-161 и R-134a.7. Композиция по любому из пп.1-5, где GWP композиции составляет менее 1000, предпочтительно менее 150.8. Композиция по любому из пп.1-5, температурный гистерезис которой составляет менее приблизительно 10 К, предпочтительно менее приблизительно 5 К.9. Композиция по любому из пп.1-5, где объемная ...

БЛИЗКАЯ К АЗЕОТРОПНЫМ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ И ЕЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

... 1. Близкая к азеотропной композиция, содержащая эффективные количества транс-1,3,3,3-пентафторпропана (TpaHcHFO-1234ze) и соединение, которое выбирают из группы, состоящей из 1,1-дифторэтана («HFC-152a»), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-гептафторпропана («CHFC-227ea»), 1,1,1,2, -тетрафторэтана («HFC-134a»), 1,1,1,2,2-пентафторэтана («HFC-125») и комбинации двух или более этих соединений. 2. Близкая к азеотропной композиция по п.1, содержащая эффективные количества трансHFO-1234ze и соединение, которое выбирают из группы, состоящей из 1,1-дифторэтана («HFC-152a»), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-гептафторпропана («HFC-227ea»), 1,1,1,2,-тетрафторэтана («HFC-134a») и 1,1, 1,2,2-пентафторэтана («HFC-125»). 3. Близкая к азеотропной композиция по п.1, содержащая до примерно 75 мас.% трансHFO-1234ze и остальное HFC-134a. 4. Близкая к азеотропной композиция по п.1, содержащая до примерно 60 мас.% трансHFO-1234ze и остальное HFC-134a. 5. Близкая к азеотропной композиция по п.1, содержащая до примерно 40 мас.% трансHFO-1234ze и остальное ...

Газ-вытеснитель для аэрозолей и способ его получения

... 1.Газ-вытеснитель для аэрозолей, содержащий пропан и/нли бутан,а .также дихлорметан чи/или 1,1,1-трихлорэтан или их смеси, отличаю- ; : щи и с я тем, что, с целью снижения г фючестн, газ-вытеснитель до- ; полнительно содержит добавки из груп пы соединений двуокиси углерода,закиси азота или инертного газа при следующш4 соотнсшении компонентов, .1мас..%:, . i Дихпорметан и/или: I,I,-трим1брэтан 1,8-19,9 Добавки нз группы соединений двуокиси углерода, закиси азота или инертного 0,5-10,0 газа Пропан и/или бутан Остальное 2. Слрсоб получения газа-вытеснителя для аэрозолей по п. 1, включающий очистку компонентов путем фильтрования, и их смешения, о т л ич а ю щ и и с , чтд сжиженный под давлением пропан и/или бутаи, технической степени чистоты подвергают грубому фильтрованию с отделе .нием маслянистых примесей, затем тонкому фильтрованию для отделения обСО ладающих посторонними запахами веществ , одновр.еменио добавляют порци- ями дихлорметаи и/или трихтгорятан Г и смешивают его с указанным углеводо-S ...

Способ стабилизации хлорфторалканов

Foaming composition, use thereon and process for temporary demarcation of regulation distances in sports.

The object of the present invention is to provide a foaming aqueous composition to temporarily mark and delimit regulation distances on courts and fields of sports, suitable for the use in sport matches and competitions in which it is required to momentarily delimit distances, by means of a quick application, without any injuries on the place where the competition is occurring, ensuring the compliment with the rules and conditions of the matches, avoiding any doubts or discussions related to the placing of the competitors concerning the minimal distances to be respected. The present invention also refers to the use of this composition for marking and delimiting regulation distances on courts and fields of sports, in particular on soccer fields. Another object of the present invention consists of a process for temporary demarcation distances in sports, comprising the step of spraying on a place of a court or field of sports a foaming aqueous composition of the present invention.

Foaming composition use thereon and process for temporary demarcation of regulation distances in sports

Non-chlorofluorocarbon aerosol formulations

Formulations of aerosols at aqueous base.

Non-chorofluorocarbon aerosol formulation.

Foaming composition use thereon and process for temporary demarcation of regulation distances in sports

Foaming composition use thereon and process for temporary demarcation of regulation distances in sports

COMPOSITIONS FROM PARTIALFLUORIDATED HYDROCARBONS AND METHANOL

UNTER DRUCK STEHENDES MITTEL AUF DER BASIS VON KATIONISCHEN UND ANIONISCHEN POLYMEREN, VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES KURZLEBIGEN SCHAUMES, MIT DEM MITTEL HERGESTELLTER SCHAUM SOWIE VERFAHREN ZUR BEHANDLUNG VON HAAREN UNTER VERWENDUNG DES SCHAUMES

HERSTELLUNG VON AEROSOLZUSAMMENSETZUNGEN

SMOKED FISH OR SEA FRUITS

NITROGLYCERINHALTIGE SPRAY-PRÄPARATE

PROCEDURE FOR THE STABILIZATION OF DICHLOROMETHANE

COMPOSITION FROM 1,1,1,2 TETRAFLUORETHAN AND DIMETHYLETHER

SURFACE-ACTIVE CONNECTIONS AND YOUR APPLICATIONS

AZEOTROPÄHNLICHE COMPOSITIONS OUT TETRAFLUORETHAN, PENTAFLUORPROPAN AND WATER

FORMULATION OF AEROSOL COMPREHENSIVE LEVALBUTEROL LTARTRATSALZ

FLEECE MATERIAL

SUSPENSIONSAEROSOLPRÄPARAT UND VERFAHREN ZU SEINER HERSTELLUNG

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINER AEROSOLZUSAMMENSETZUNG

DEODORANTIEN

TREIBMITTEL MIT VERMINDERTER BRENNBARKEIT FUER AEROSOLE, VERFAHREN ZU SEINER HERSTELLUNG UND VORRICH-TUNG ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

NITROGLYCERINHALTIGE SPRAY PREPARATIONS

PACKING FOR THE ADMISSION AND DELIVERY OF A POWDER

LIQUID DRIVING AND LOESUNGSMITTELMISCHUNG FOR AERO BRINE

PROPELLANT FOR AEROSOL SPRAY CANS

IN A CONTAINER UNDER PRESSURE STANDING AEROSOL PREPARATION, PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND USE OF THE AEROSOL PREPARATIONS UNDER PRESSURE IN A CONTAINER

HAIR SPRAY COMPOSITION

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A MIXTURE ANTIINFLAMMATORI STEROIDS AND ONE ALSROPELLANT USED FLUORINE CHLORINE COAL WATER OF MATERIAL

SYSTEM FOR THE EXPENDITURE OF A MATERIAL ON A DOCUMENT

WITH A PROPELLANT OF OPERATE-CASH DONORS OF A CONCENTRATE AND A PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THIS DONOR

USE FROM C3 TO C5 POLYFLUORALKANEN AS PROPULSION GASES.

IMPREGNATION SPRAY WITH CARE EFFECT FOR LEATHERS AND TEXTILES AS WELL AS ITS USE.

AS AEROSOL AVAILABLE WAESSRIGES PAINT.

MIXTURE FOR A WATER AN ABSTENTION AEROSOLLACK AS WELL AS AEROSOLLACK.

AEROSOL COMPOSITION.

MIXTURES OF MORE DIMETHYLÄTHER AND 1.1.1.2 - TETRAFLUORÄTHAN AND THEIR USES.

PRESSURIZED PACKAGE AND PROPELLANT FOR AEROSOLS.

LIQUID CARBON DIOXIDE CONTAINING PROPELLANTS

AQUEOUS PREPARATION FOR THE PLEGE AND/OR ADJUSTMENT OF HAIR CONTAINING IN AN AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT SOLUBLE OR DISPERSE-CASH OF FILM SCREEN END OF ACRYLOLIGOMER AS WELL AS THEIR USES

BEFORE CORROSION PROTECTING SPRAYING COMPOSITION.

AGAINST DECOMPOSITION BY WATER AND FROM THIS MANUFACTURE FUELLUNGEN STABILIZED CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, IF NECESSARY IN MIXTURE WITH ETHER, FOR AEROSOL CONTAINERS.

DOSING PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTROLLABLE DELIVERY SYSTEMS USED BIOLOGICALLY BY OXYGEN AND LIQUIDS INTO.

TWO-COMPONENT LOCAL FOAM SYSTEM AND ITS USE FOR THE AUSSCHÄUMEN FROM OPENINGS TO THE PURPOSE OF THE FIRE PROTECTION

Container for a Antiperspirationsmittel in Aerosolform

DRUCKDOSIERINHALATOREN

DEODORANTIEN

TOPI ANTITRANSPIRANS AND/OR DEODORANS

PHARMACEUTICAL AEROSOL COMPOSITION

PYROGEN MANUFACTURED ALUMINA

PACKED FOAMING COMPOSITION

Procedure for the production foamable, gas-permeable hollow rubber articles of a sealing Füllmittels usable in spraying doses

ISOCYANATE-FREE FOAM-CASH MIXTURES WITH HIGH HARDENING SPEED

PSEUDO AZEOTROPE COMPOSITIONS OUT PENTAFLUORPROPAN, HYDROCARBONS AND WATER

STURDY FOAMED MATERIAL FOR THE POETRY AND THE SEALING AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS APPLICATION

MEDICAL FORMULATIONS OF AEROSOL

PRESERVATIVE AGENT FOR MEDICAL AND/OR DENTAL INSTRUMENTS

COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING HYDROFLOUR

FLUORINE-CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON-FREE FORMULATIONS OF AEROSOL

DRY ZEOLITE AEROSOL FOAM THAT COLLAPSES TO A POWDER FOR TOPICAL COSMETIC APPLICATIONS

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A FLUOROOLEFIN

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Mixtures of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and perfluoropropane and their applications as refrigerants, as aerosol propellants or as plastic foam-expanding agents

AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS OF PENTAFLUOROBUTANE AND WATER

Method for heating and cooling using fluoroether compounds, compositions suitable therefore and their use

Azeotrope-like compositions of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane

Stabilized trifluoroiodmethane compositions

Heat transfer compositions

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising ...

SPRAYING COMPOSITION

Aerosols

Spray application of an additive composition to sheet materials

AZEOTROPIC COMPOSITIONS OF PERFLUORO-1,2-DIMETHYLCYCLOBUTANE WITH METHANOL AND 1,1-DICHLORO-1-FLUOROETHANE OR DICHLOROTRIFLUOROETHANE

Aerosol composition containing silicone-based fluid and improved spray system

TERNARY AZEOTROPIC COMPOSITIONS OF HEXAFLUOROPROPYLENE/ETHYLENE CYCLIC DIMER WITH TRANS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE AND METHANOL

AEROSOL HAIR SPRAY CONTAINING A TETRAPOLYMER OF ACRYLIC ACID,N,N-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE, N-TERT-BUTYLACRYLAMIDE, AND ETHYL METHACRYLATE AND A NON-HALOGENATED PROPELLANT GAS

POST-FOAMING SHAVING GELS

AEROSOL PAINT COMPOSITION FOR ADHERENCE TO PLASTIC

Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins

H:\kxg\Intrwovn\NRPortb\DCC\KXG09331_I.doc-23/04/2015 Various uses of tetrafluoropropenes, particularly (HFO-1234) in a variety of applications, including refrigeration equipment, are disclosed. These materials are generally useful as refrigerants for heating and cooling, as blowing agents, as aerosol propellants, as solvent composition, and as fire extinguishing and suppressing agents.

Compositions comprising a fluoroolefin

TITLE OF THE INVENTION COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A FLUOROOLEFIN The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

AZEOTROPIC AND AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS OF Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE

Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4 hexafluoro-2-butene with 2-chloropropane or perfluoro(2-methyl-3 5 pentanone). Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as 10 solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also 15 disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions ...

Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins

... 3540753-1 The use to e of tetrafluoropropenes, particularly (HFO-1234) in a variety of applications, including refrigeration equipment, is disclosed. These materials are generally useful as 5 refrigerants for heating and cooling, as blowing agents, as aerosol propellants, as solvent composition, and as fire extinguishing and suppressing agents. *1/1 Figure 1 r- r-i 1~li~ I ...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A FLUOROOLEFIN

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1 ,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R 5 1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) and mixtures thereof.

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A FLUOROOLEFIN

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Heat transfer compositions

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising trans-1, 3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), fluoroethane (R-161) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) and/or 1, 1 -difluoroethane (R-152a).

Foam-forming compositions containing mixtures of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and their uses in the preparation of polyisocyanate-based foams

Foam-forming compositions are disclosed which contain a mixture of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane. Also disclosed is a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam prepared from reaction of an effective amount of the foam-forming composition with a suitable polyisocyanate. Also disclosed is a process for producing a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam by reacting an effective amount of the foam-forming composition with a suitable polyisocyanate.

Azeotropic compositions comprising fluorinated compounds for cleaning applications

The present invention relates to compositions comprising fluorinated olefins or fluorinated ketones, and at least one alcohol, halocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, or fluoroether and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, these compositions are azeotropic or azeotrope-like. In another embodiment, these compositions are useful in cleaning applications as a degreasing agent or defluxing agent for removing oils and/or other residues from a surface.

Use of unsaturated hydrofluorocarbons

Use of certain hydrofluoroalkenes for foam blowing, solvent cleaning, refrigeration, as etching gas for semiconductor etching or chamber cleaning, heat transfer, fire extinguishing and for the production of aerosols.

Azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene

An azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of chlorotrifluoropropene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of a C 1 -C 3 alcohol, a C 5 -C 6 hydrocarbon, a halogenated hydrocarbon, methylal, methyl acetone, water, nitromethane, and combinations thereof.

Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and alcohols

A composition including an effective amount of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene component combined with an effective amount of an alcohol selected from the group of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, isobutanol, 2-ethyl hexanol and any combination thereof, where the composition has azeotropic properties.

Binary refrigerating fluid

The invention relates to binary compositions of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and difluoromethane, and especially to the uses thereof as a heat transfer fluid in compression systems with exchangers operating in counterflow mode or in split flow mode with counterflow tendency. The invention also relates to a heat transfer method.

Compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane or 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene

Disclosed are compositions comprising HFC-245 eb and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234 ze , HFC-245 fa , HFC-236 cb , HFC-236 ea , HFC-236 fa , HFC-227 ea , HFC-227 ca , HFO-1225 yc , HFO-1225 zc , HFO-1225 ye , methane, ethane, propane, HFC-23, HFC-143 a , HFC-134, HFC-134 a , FC-1216, HFO-1234 yf , HFC-254 eb , HFO-1243 zf , and HFC-254 fb . Compositions comprising HFC-245 eb are useful in processes to make HFO-1234 yf . Also disclosed are compositions comprising HFO-1234 yf and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234 ze , HFC-254 eb , HFC-254 fb , HFO-1243 zf , HFCHFC-245 eb , HFC-245 fa , HFC-245 cb , HFC-236 cb , HFC-236 ea , HFC-236 fa , HFC-227 ea , HFC-227 ca , HFO-1225 yc , HFO-1225 zc , HFO-1225 ye , methane, ethane, propane, HFC-23, HFC-134, HFC-134 a , HFO-1132 a and FC-1216. Compositions comprising HFO-1234 yf are useful as heat transfer compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump systems.

Cascade refrigeration system with fluoroolefin refrigerant

The present invention relates to a cascade refrigeration system which circulates a refrigerant comprising a fluoroolefin therethrough. The cascade refrigeration system includes a low temperature refrigeration loop and a medium temperature refrigeration loop. The fluoroolefin circulates through either loop, or both. In a particular embodiment, the fluoroolefin circulates through the medium temperature loop. In a particular embodiment, where the cascade refrigeration system includes a first and a second cascade heat exchanger, and a secondary heat transfer loop which extends between the first and second cascade heat exchangers, either the first and/or second refrigerant may be, but need not necessarily be, a fluoroolefin.

Seal for a dispensing apparatus

The present invention relates to a seal for a valve for use in a pharmaceutical dispensing device, which seal is formed from an elastomeric composition comprising: (a) one or more elastomers; and (b) a cross-linking agent comprising an aliphatic dialkyl peroxide and/or an aliphatic perketal peroxide.

Heat-transfer fluids and use thereof in countercurrent heat exchangers

The invention relates to a ternary composition comprising difluoromethane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and a hydrocarbon-derived compound containing at least two fluorine atoms and having a boiling point of between −30 and −20° C., which is selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. This composition is particularly suitable for use as a heat-transfer fluid in the presence of countercurrent heat exchangers.

METHOD FOR SELECTING LUBRICANTS FOR HEAT PUMPS

Provided is a method for selecting a lubricant and a refrigerant for use in a vapor-compression refrigeration device such that the combination of the lubricant and refrigerant produces a fluid system having a lubricant-rich phase and a refrigerant-rich phase, yet exhibits miscible-type properties. 1. A method for selecting a refrigerant and lubricant for a vapor-compression refrigeration device system comprising:a. determining a lower operating temperature range of a vapor-compression refrigeration device;b. determining an upper operating temperature range of the vapor-compression refrigeration device; and{'sub': 2', '5, 'c. selecting a refrigerant comprising at least one Cto Cfluoroalkene at a first concentration and selecting a lubricant comprising at least one polyol ester, polyalkylene glycol, or polyalkylene glycol ester at a second concentration to produce a fluid system having a refrigerant-rich phase and a lubricant-rich phase at a first temperature within said lower operating temperature range and at a second temperature within said upper operating temperature range provided that said second temperature is higher than said first temperature, wherein the refrigerant-rich phase is denser relative to the lubricant-rich phase at said first temperature and wherein the lubricant-rich phase is denser relative to the refrigerant-rich phase at said second temperature, provided that the relative difference in densities between the two phases is less than 20% at said first temperature and less than 20% at said second temperature.'}2. The method of wherein said refrigerant-rich phase and said lubricant-rich phase are liquid and are substantially immiscible with each other at said first and second temperatures.3. The method of wherein said refrigerant has a density within a range of about 0.8 g/cmto about 1.2 g/cmwhen measured at a temperature within a range of about 25° C. to about 50° C. and wherein said lubricant has a density within a range of about 0.7 g/cmto about ...

FLUORO OLEFIN COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE WORKING FLUIDS

Aspects of the present invention are directed to working fluids and their use in processes wherein the working fluids comprise compounds having the structure of formula (I): 2. The process of wherein the working fluid is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene(E) claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene(Z) and combinations thereof.3. The process of wherein the working fluid comprises a blend of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene and 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene comprises 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene(E).5. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from greater than about 0 wt % to about 40 wt. % and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from less than 100 wt. % to about 60 wt. %.6. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from greater than about 0 wt % to about 30 wt. % and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from less than 100 wt. % to about 70 wt. %;7. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 5 wt % to about 30 wt. % and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 95 wt % to about 70 wt. %.8. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 10 wt % to about 30 wt. %; and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 90 wt % to about 70 wt. %.9. A process for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy comprising:heating a the working fluid to a temperature sufficient to ...

COMPOSITION COMPRISING 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE

The invention relates to a composition comprising a lubricant based on polyol esters (POE) and a refrigerant F including at least 99.8 wt % 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, between 0.5 and 500 ppm 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene, between 0.5 and 500 ppm trifluoropropyne and between 1 and 500 ppm compounds based on or carbon atoms optionally including an olefinic bond. 1) Composition comprising at least one lubricant based on polyol esters (POEs) and a refrigerant F comprising at least 99.8% by weight of 2 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene , from 0.5 to 500 ppm of 1 ,1 ,1 ,2 ,3-pentafluoropmpene , from 0.5 to 500 ppm of 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropyne and from 1 to 1500 ppm of compounds containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms.2) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the refrigerant F comprises at least 99.9% by weight of 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 250 ppm of 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 250 ppm of 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropyne and from 1 to 500 ppm of compounds containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms.3) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the refrigerant F comprises at least 99.95% by weight of 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 250 ppm of 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 100 ppm of 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluompropyne and from 1 to 150 ppm of compounds containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms.4) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that said polyol esters (POEs) are formed from polyols having a neopentyl backbone.5) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the POEs are obtained from a linear or branched carboxylic acid containing from 2 to 15 carbon atoms.6) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that said polyol esters (POEs) represent(s) between 10% and 50% by weight of the composition.7) Composition according to ...

COMPRESSOR AND REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE USING SAME

According to a compressor and a refrigeration cycle device using same of the present invention, a refrigerant and refrigeration oil are sealed in an container , the refrigerant is a hydrofluoroolefin having double bond of carbon in its composition or a mixture of hydrofluoroolefin as a base component and hydrofluorocarbon having no double bond, and at least one of benzotriazole, dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid zinc, dialkyl selenium, metal phenate, and organic nitrogen compound is included in the refrigeration oil , and it is an object to suppress the decomposition and polymerization of refrigeration oil and a refrigerant, and to secure reliability of the compressor and the refrigeration cycle device. 1. A compressor wherein a refrigerant and refrigeration oil are sealed , the refrigerant is a hydrofluoroolefin having double bond of carbon in its composition or a mixture of hydrofluoroolefin as a base component and hydrofluorocarbon having no double bond , and at least one of benzotriazole , dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid zinc , dialkyl selenium , metal phenate , and organic nitrogen compound is included in the refrigeration oil.2. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein an amine-based antioxidant is included in the refrigeration oil.3. The compressor according to claim 2 , wherein the amine-based antioxidant is at least one of phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine and dialkyl diphenyl amine.4. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein a phenol-based antioxidant is included in the refrigeration oil.5. The compressor according to claim 4 , wherein the phenol-based antioxidant is at least one of 2 claim 4 , 6-ditertiary-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC) claim 4 , 3-arylbenzofuran-2-one (intramolecule cyclic ester of hydroxycarboxylic acid).6. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein a sulfur claim 1 , phosphorus-based antioxidant is included in the refrigeration oil.7. The compressor according to claim 6 , wherein the sulfur claim 6 , phosphorus-based antioxidant is at least one ...

Use of compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane and optionally z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene in power cycles

A method is provided for converting heat from a heat source to mechanical energy. The method comprises heating a working fluid using heat supplied from the heat source; and expanding the heated working fluid to lower the pressure of the working fluid and generate mechanical energy as the pressure of the working fluid is lowered. The method is characterized by using a working fluid comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z-HFO-1336mzz. A power cycle apparatus containing a working fluid to convert heat to mechanical energy is also provided. The apparatus is characterized by containing a working fluid comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z-HFO-1336mzz. A working fluid comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z-HFO-1336mzz is also provided. The working fluid (i) further comprises E-HFO-1336mzz, (ii) has a temperature above its critical temperature, or both (i) and (ii).

Use of compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane and optionally z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene in chillers

A method is provided for producing cooling in a chiller having an evaporator wherein a refrigerant composition is evaporated to cool a heat transfer medium. The method comprises evaporating a refrigerant composition comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z—HFO-1336mzz in the evaporator. Additionally, a composition is provided comprising: (1) a refrigerant composition consisting essentially of HFC-245eb and Z—HFO-1336mzz; (2) a lubricant suitable for use in a chiller; wherein the Z—HFO-1336mzz in the refrigerant composition is at least about 41 weight percent. Also, a chiller apparatus is provided comprising an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a pressure reduction device, all of which are in fluid communication in the order listed and through which a refrigerant flows from one component to the next in a repeating cycle.

AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS INCLUDING CIS-1-CHLORO-3,3,3-TRIFLUOROPROPENE

The present invention relates, in part, to azeotrope and azeotrope-like mixtures consisting essentially of consisting essentially of cis-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and a second component selected from the group water, hexane, HFC-365mfc, and perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone). 1. A composition comprising a binary azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of cis-1-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene and a second component selected from the group consisting of water and perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone).2. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 50 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 50 weight percent water.3. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 70 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 30 weight percent water.4. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 74 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 26 weight percent water.5. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and water and has a boiling point of about 36.7° C.±1° C. at ambient pressure.6. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 50 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 50 weight percent perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone).7. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 55 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 45 weight percent perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone).8. The composition of ...

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) and mixtures thereof. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(i) a first component selected from R-1234ze(E), R-1234ze(Z), or mixtures thereof;(ii) a second component that is R 744; and(iii) a third component selected from R-32, R-134a, or mixtures thereof.2. A composition according to wherein the first component is R-1234ze(E) or a mixture of R-1234ze(E) and R-1234ze(Z).3. A composition according to comprising at least about 15% by weight R-1234ze(E).4. A composition according to comprising up to about 35% by weight R 744.5. A composition according to comprising from about 4 to about 30% R-744 by weight.6. A composition according to comprising up to about 60% by weight of the third component.7. A composition according to comprising from about 10 to about 95% R-1234ze(E) by weight claim 1 , from about 2 to about 30% by weight R-744 claim 1 , and from about 3 to about 60% by weight of the third component.8. A composition according to wherein the composition has a critical temperature of greater than about 65° C.9. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-134a or a mixture of R-134a and R-32.10. A composition according to comprising from about 20 to about 94% by weight R-1234ze(E) claim 1 , from about 2 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 4 to about 50% by weight R-134a.11. A composition according to comprising from about 60 to about 92% R-1234ze(E) claim 10 , from about 4 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 4 to about 10% by weight R-134a.12. A composition according to comprising from about 20 to about 86% R-1234ze(E) claim 10 , from about 4 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 10 to ...

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), fluoroethane (R-161), and mixtures thereof. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(i) a first component selected from R-1234ze(E), R-1234ze(Z), and mixtures thereof;(ii) a second component that is R-744; and(iii) a third component selected from R-152a, R-161, and mixtures thereof.2. A composition according to wherein the first component is R-1234ze(E) or a mixture of R-1234ze(E) and R-1234ze(Z).3. A composition according to comprising at least about 15% by weight R-1234ze(E).4. A composition according to comprising up to about 35% by weight R-744.5. A composition according to comprising from about 4 to about 30% R-744 by weight.6. A composition according to comprising up to about 60% by weight of the third component.7. A composition according to comprising from about 10 to about 95% R-1234ze(E) by weight claim 1 , from about 2 to about 30% by weight R-744 claim 1 , and from about 3 to about 60% by weight of the third component.8. A composition according to wherein the composition has a critical temperature of greater than about 65° C.9. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-152a or a mixture of R-152a and R-161.10. A composition according to comprising from about 30 to about 94% R-1234ze(E) claim 9 , from about 4 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 2 to about 40% by weight R-152a.11. A composition according to comprising from about 42 to about 85% R-1234ze(E) claim 10 , from about 10 to about 28% by weight R-744 and from about 5 to about 30% by weight R-152a.12. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-161 or a mixture of R-161 and R-152a.13. A composition according to comprising from about 45 to about 94% ...

Heat transfer compositions

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf), 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf), and mixtures thereof.

Azeotrope-like compositions of (z)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride

Disclosed are azeotropic and azeotrope-like mixtures of (Z)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd(Z)) and hydrogen fluoride. Such compositions are useful as an intermediate in the production of 1233zd(Z). The latter compound is useful as a nontoxic, zero ozone depleting fluorocarbon useful as a solvent, blowing agent, refrigerant, cleaning agent, aerosol propellant, heat transfer medium, dielectric, fire extinguishing composition and power cycle working fluid.

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS

Compositions, methods and systems which comprise or utilize a multi-component mixture comprising: (a) HFC-32; (b) HFC-125; (c) HFO-1234yf and/or HFO-1234ze; (d) HFC-134a. In certain non-limiting aspects, such refrigerants may be used as a replacement for R-404A. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising: (a) from about 10% to about 35% by weight of HFC-32; (b) from about 10% to about 35% by weight of HFC-125; (c) from about 0% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234yf and from greater than 0% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze; (d) from about 10% to about 35% by weight of HFC-134a , with the weight percent being based on the total of the components (a)-(d) in the composition.2. The heat transfer composition of wherein said HFO-1234ze comprises trans-HFO-1234ze.3. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 15% to about 30% by weight of HFC-32.4. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 20% to about 30% by weight of HFC-32.5. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 10% to about 30% by weight of HFC-125.6. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 20% to about 30% by weight of HFC-125.7. The heat transfer composition of having a weight ratio of HFC-32:HFC-125 of from about 0.9:1.2 to about 1.2:0.9.8. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 25% by weight of HFO-1234yf.9. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 22% by weight of HFO-1234yf.10. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 1% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze.11. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 5% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze.12. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 25% by weight of HFO-1234yf and from about 1% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze.13. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 22% by weight of HFO-1234yf and from about 5% to about 30% ...

Ethane as an Aerosol Propellant

Pressurizing or propellant compositions and products made using the compositions are provided herein. The propellant compositions include ethane as a propellant. The ethane may be the only propellant in the composition or may be mixed with other propellants. The ethane may be the only hydrocarbon or the only saturated hydrocarbon propellant used in the compositions. Sprayable products including the propellants described herein are also provided. Finally methods of removing a contaminate from an article using the sprayable products described herein are also provided. 1. A pressurizing or propellant composition comprising at least 1% ethane by weight , wherein ethane is the only saturated hydrocarbon propellant in the composition.2. The composition of claim 1 , comprising between 1% and 30% ethane by weight.3. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a hydrofluorocarbon propellant or solvent claim 1 , hydrofluoro-olefin propellant or solvent claim 1 , hydrofluoroether propellant or solvent claim 1 , hydrocarbon propellant or solvent claim 1 , aldehydes claim 1 , ketones claim 1 , esters claim 1 , or glycol ethers.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises low volatile organic compounds and minimal toxicity to animals and humans.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of less than 150.0 and does not deplete ozone.6. A pressurizing or propellant composition comprising at least 5% ethane by weight.7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein ethane is the only hydrocarbon in the composition.8. The composition of claim 6 , further comprising an additional hydrocarbon propellant or solvent.9. The composition of claim 6 , further comprising a hydrofluorocarbon propellant or solvent claim 6 , hydrofluoro-olefin propellant or solvent claim 6 , hydrofluoroether propellant or solvent claim 6 , hydrocarbon propellant or solvent claim 6 , aldehydes claim 6 , ketones claim 6 , esters claim 6 , or glycol ...

FLUORINATED HYDROCARBON COMPOSTION

A composition is described including a first fluorinated hydrocarbon compound according to the formula: 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , Rand Rare each H claim 1 , and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each F.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , Rand Rare each H claim 1 , and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each F.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , Rand Rare each H claim 1 , and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each F.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each H claim 1 , and Rand Rare each F.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare each F claim 1 , and Ris H.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare each F claim 1 , and Ris H.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein m is 0.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein m is 1.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , Rand Rare each H.11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the first fluorinated hydrocarbon is present in an amount of from 1 to 98 percent by weight claim 1 , the second fluorinated hydrocarbon is present in an amount of from 1 to 98 percent by weight claim 1 , and the third fluorinated hydrocarbon is present in an amount of from 1 to 56 percent by weight.12. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a compressor lubricant.13. A heat transfer system that includes a heat transfer fluid circulation loop with evaporation and condensation stages claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer fluid comprises a fluorinated hydrocarbon composition according to . The subject matter disclosed herein generally relates to fluorinated hydrocarbon compositions and their use.Fluorinated hydrocarbons have been widely used in a number of applications, including refrigerants and other heat transfer fluids, polymer foam blowing agents, fire suppressants, lubricants, fire suppressants, foaming agents, dielectric fluids, solvents, cleaning fluids, drying agents, ...

Use of compositions comprising e-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene and optionally, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane in power cycles

A method for converting heat from a heat source to mechanical energy is provided. The method comprises heating a working fluid E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene (E-HFO-1438mzz) and optionally 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245eb) using heat supplied from the heat source; and expanding the heated working fluid to lower the pressure of the working fluid and generate mechanical energy as the pressure of the working fluid is lowered. Additionally, a power cycle apparatus containing a working fluid to convert heat to mechanical energy is provided. The apparatus contains a working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb. A working fluid is provided comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb. The working fluid (i) has a temperature of at least about 150° C.; (ii) further comprises Z-HFO-1438mzz; or both (i) and (ii).

STABILIZED HYDROCHLOROFLUOROOLEFINS AND HYDROFLUOROOLEFINS

Disclosed is a combination of hydrofluoroolefins and/or hydrochlorofluoroolefins with stabilizers wherein the stabilizers minimize the degradation of the hydrofluoroolefins and hydrochlorofluoroolefins during storage, handling and use yet allow for atmospheric degradation. The combinations exhibit low or zero ozone depletion potential and lower global warming potential making them of interest as replacements for chlorofluorocarbons and hydrfluorocarbons. The combinations of the present invention comprise hydrofluoroolefins and/or hydrochlorofluoroolefins in combination with a stabilizer or stabilizers selected from free radical scavengers, acid scavengers, oxygen scavengers, polymerization inhibitors and combinations thereof. 1. A combination comprising a hydrofluoroolefin and/or a hydrochlorofluoroolefin and a stabilizer selected from free radical scavengers , acid scavengers , oxygen scavengers , corrosion inhibitors , polymerization inhibitors or combinations thereof wherein said combination is stable during use , handling and storage and is tropodegradable.2. The combination of wherein said hydrofluoroolefin and/or a hydrochlorofluoroolefin is of the general formula CHFClwhere n=3-8 claim 1 , b=0-3 claim 1 , a=0-14 and 2n is greater than or equal to a+b.3. The combination of wherein said hydrofluoroolefin and/or a hydrochlorofluoroolefin are cyclic and of the general formula CHFClwhere n=3 claim 1 , 4 or 5 claim 1 , x=0-7 claim 1 , y=0-3 and a=2n−2a and is greater than or equal to x+y.4. The combination of wherein said acid scavengers is selected from 1 claim 1 ,2-epoxy butane; glycidyl methyl ether; d claim 1 ,l-limonene oxide; 1 claim 1 ,2-epoxy-2 claim 1 ,2-methlpropane; nitromethane or mixtures thereof.5. The combination of wherein said oxygen scavengers are selected from alpha methylsytrene claim 1 , isoprene claim 1 , phenol claim 1 , hydroquinones or mixtures thereof.6. The combination of wherein said polymerization inhibitors are selected from d claim 1 ...

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS OF IMPROVED MISCIBILITY WITH LUBRICANT OIL

The invention relates to a composition comprising: 1. Composition comprising:a heat-transfer fluid comprising from 15% to 30% ammonia and from 70% to 85% 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; anda lubricant oil comprising a polyalkylene glycol.2. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the heat-transfer fluid consists of a mixture of ammonia and 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.3. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the heat-transfer fluid comprises from 18% to 26% ammonia and from 74% to 82% 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.4. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the lubricant oil consists of a polyalkylene glycol.5. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the lubricant oil represents from 1% to 99% of the composition.6. Composition according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of heat-transfer compounds claim 1 , stabilizers claim 1 , surfactants claim 1 , tracers claim 1 , fluorescers claim 1 , odourant agents and solubilizers claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. A vapour compression circuit comprising claim 1 , a polyalkylene glycol lubricant oil in combination with a heat-transfer fluid comprising from 15% to 30% ammonia and from 70% to 85% 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.8. Vapour compression circuit according to claim 7 , in which the polyalkylene glycol is used in a proportion of from 1% to 99% relative to the sum of the polyalkylene glycol and of the heat-transfer fluid.9. Vapour compression circuit according to claim 7 , in which the heat-transfer fluid comprises from 18% to 26% ammonia and from 74% to 82% 2 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.10. Vapour compression circuit according to claim 7 , in which the heat-transfer fluid consists of a mixture of ammonia and 2 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.11. Heat-transfer installation comprising a vapour compression circuit containing a heat-transfer ...

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

The invention provides a heat transfer composition consisting essentially of from about 60 to about 85% by weight of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and from about 15 to about 40% by weight of fluoroethane (R-161). The invention also provides a heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze(E), R-161 and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a). 1. A heat transfer composition consisting essentially of from about 60 to about 85% by weight of trans-1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and from about 15 to about 40% by weight of fluoroethane (R-161).2. A composition according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of from about 65 to about 82% by weight of R-1234ze(E) and from about 18 to about 35% by weight of R-161.3. A heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze(E) claim 1 , R-161 and 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).4. A composition according to comprising up to about 50% by weight of R-134a.5. A composition according to comprising from about 4 to about 20% by weight R-161 claim 4 , from about 25 to about 50% R-134a claim 4 , and from about 30 to about 71% by weight R-1234ze(E).6. A composition according to claim 3 , consisting essentially of R-1234ze(E) claim 3 , R-161 and R-134a.7. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a GWP of less than 1000 claim 1 , preferably less than 150.8. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature glide is less than about 10K claim 1 , preferably less than about 5K.9. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a volumetric refrigeration capacity within about 15 of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.10. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is less flammable than R-161 alone or R-1234yf alone.12. A composition according to which has a fluorine ratio (F/(F+H)) of from about 0.42 to about 0.7 claim 1 , preferably from about 0.46 to about 0.67.13. A composition according to which is non- ...

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), fluoroethane (R-161) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) and/or 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a). 1. A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) , fluoroethane (R-161) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) and/or 1 ,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).2. A composition according to comprising up to about 30% by weight of the third component and up to about 30% by weight R-161 claim 1 , with the balance R-1234ze.3. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-32.4. A composition according to comprising from about 58 to about 93% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 3 , from about from about 5 to about 30% by weight of R-161 claim 3 , and from about 2 to about 12% by weight of R-32.5. A composition according to comprising from about 68 to about 91% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 4 , from about from about 5 to about 20% by weight of R-161 claim 4 , and from about 4 to about 12% by weight of R-32.6. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-152a.7. A composition according to comprising from about 50 to about 93% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 6 , from about from about 2 to about 20% by weight of R-161 claim 6 , and from about 5 to about 30% by weight of R-152a.8. A composition according to comprising from about 60 to about 83% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 7 , from about from about 12 to about 20% by weight of R-161 claim 7 , and from about 5 to about 20% by weight of R-152a.9. A composition according to additionally comprising 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).10. A composition according to comprising up to about 50% by weight of R-134a.11. A composition according to comprising from about 2 to about 20% by weight R-161 claim 10 , from about 2 to about 20% by weight of the third component claim 10 , from about 25 to about 50% R-134a ...

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising: (i) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)); (ii) a second component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), propene (R-1270)propane (R290) and mixtures thereof; (iii) a third component selected from pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and mixtures thereof; and optionally (iv) a fourth component selected from fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) and mixtures thereof. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(i) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E));(ii) a second component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), propene (R-1270), propane (R290) and mixtures thereof;(iii) a third component selected from pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and mixtures thereof; and optionally(iv) a fourth component selected from fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) and mixtures thereof.2. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 5 to about 50% by weight of R-1234ze(E).3. A composition according to or claim 1 , comprising from about 10 to about 40% by weight of the second component.4. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 10 to about 80% by weight of the third component.5. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the second component comprises R-32.6. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the third component is R-125 and R-134a.7. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising R-1234ze(E) claim 1 , R-32 claim 1 , R-125 and R-134a.8. A composition according to claim 7 , comprising from about 5 to about 40% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 7 , from about 20 to about 35% by weight R-32 claim 7 , from about 15 to about % by weight R-125 claim 7 , and from about 12 to about 50% by weight R-134a.9. A composition according to claim 7 , comprising from about 10 to about 50% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 7 , from about 22 to about 40% by weight R-32 claim 7 , from about 10 to about 30% by ...

Hfo/water-blown rigid foam systems

The present invention relates to a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reaction of a) at least one organic polyisocyanate with b) at least one polyol component in the presence of a blowing agent mixture comprising water and halogenated alkenes, wherein the amount of water is at least 1.40 mol/kg of polyol component b) and the amount of halogenated alkene is at most 2.00 mol/kg of polyol component b), and also to the use of such a blowing agent mixture for producing corresponding rigid polyurethane foams and for increasing the adherence and reducing the thermal conductivity of corresponding rigid polyurethane foams. The present invention further relates to a rigid polyurethane foam obtainable by the process of the present invention.

REFRIGERANT ADDITIVE COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING PERFLUOROPOLYETHERS

The present invention relates to compositions and processes of using perfluoropolyether to maintain or improve the oil return, lubrication, cooling capacity, or energy efficiency of a refrigeration, air conditioning or heat transfer system. 126-. (canceled)27. A method of producing refrigeration , said method comprising evaporating a composition in the vicinity of a body to be cooled and thereafter condensing said composition; wherein said composition consists of:{'sub': 2', '3', '3, 'a. a refrigerant or heat transfer fluid comprising 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoro-1-propene (CH═CFCF) or 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (CHF═CHCF); and'}b. at least one perfluoropolyether; and optionallyc. a lubricant oil which is mineral oil or synthetic oil selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzene, polyol ester, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, carbonates, polyalphaolefin and combinations thereof;wherein said perfluoropolyether has two end groups; wherein each of the two end groups of the perfluoropolyether, independently, is either an unfunctionalized, branched or straight chain perfluoroalkyl radical, or a functionalized group selected from the group consisting of esters, hydroxyls, amines, amides, cyanos, carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids;and wherein said evaporating and said condensing is in a mobile air-conditioning system.28. The method of claim 27 , wherein said refrigerant or heat transfer fluid further comprises at least one other compound selected from saturated fluorocarbons claim 27 , chlorofluorocarbons claim 27 , hydrochlorofluorocarbons claim 27 , fluoroethers claim 27 , hydrocarbons claim 27 , carbon dioxide claim 27 , dimethyl ether claim 27 , ammonia claim 27 , iodotrifluoromethane claim 27 , and combinations thereof.29. The method of claim 27 , wherein said refrigerant or heat transfer fluid consists of 2 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3- tetrafluoro-1-propene (CH═CFCF) or 1 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (CHF═CHCF).30. The ...

REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

Disclosed are working fluid compositions for heat transfer apparatuses, such as refrigeration systems, that include a refrigerant and an ester based lubricant. The working fluid may comprise ≦50% by weight of the ester based lubricant composition and ≧50% by weight of one or more refrigerant compounds. The ester based lubricant comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of: diaryl sulfides, arylalkyl sulfides, dialkyl sulfides, diaryl disulfides, arylalkyl disulfides, dialkyl disulfides, diaryl polysulfides, arylalkyl polysulfides, dialkyl polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, and combinations thereof. The refrigerants may be C-Chydrocarbons, trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), saturated hydrofluorocarbons, difluoromethane (HFC-32), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134), difluoroethane (HFC-152a), fluoroethane (HFC-161), R410A (a near-azeotropic mixture of difluoromethane (HFC-32) and pentafluoroethane (HFC-125)), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa), 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa), 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), hydrofluoroolefins, dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide, bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfide, and trifluoroiodomethane and combinations thereof. 1. A working fluid for a refrigeration system comprising a compressor , the working fluid comprising:an ester based lubricant comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of: diaryl sulfides, arylalkyl sulfides, dialkyl sulfides, diaryl disulfides, arylalkyl disulfides, dialkyl disulfides, diaryl polysulfides, arylalkyl polysulfides, dialkyl polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, and combinations thereof; and{'sub': 3', '8, 'a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of: C-Chydrocarbons, ...

Working Fluids Comprising Difluoromethane and Di-Pentaerythritol Ester

Mixtures of select neopentyl polyol esters are found to be highly miscible with the refrigerant R-32 over a wide temperature range. Working fluids are provided comprising R-32 and a polyol ester lubricant composition having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from 32 to 120 cSt, said lubricant composition comprising Calkylcarboxy esters di-pentaerythritol wherein at least 40 mol %, typically more, of the alkylcarboxylate groups of the alkylcarboxy esters are pentanoyl groups. 1. A working fluid for a heat transfer device comprising:i) a refrigerant comprising difluoromethane (R-32) and{'sub': 5-10', '5-10', '5-10', '5, 'ii) a polyol ester lubricant composition having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from about 32 to about 120 cSt comprising linear and branched Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol in a ratio of from 9:1 to 1:9 of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters, wherein 60 mol % or more of the Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters.'}2. The working fluid according to wherein 70 mol % or more of the Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters.3. The working fluid according to wherein 75 mol % or more of the Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters.4. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 6:1 to 1:6.5. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 5:1 to 1:5.6. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 6:1 to 1:6.7. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 5:1 to 1:5.8. The working fluid according to wherein the a polyol ester lubricant composition has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from about 32 to about 100 cSt.9. The working fluid according to wherein the a polyol ester lubricant ...

Polyester Lubbricant for Working Fluids Comprising Difluoromethane

Mixtures of select neopentyl polyol esters are found to be highly miscible with the refrigerant R-32 over a wide temperature range. Working fluids are provided comprising R-32 and a lubricant containing these select neopentyl polyol esters and having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 32 cSt or higher. Specifically, the lubricant composition of the invention comprises a mixture of alkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl polyols, wherein at least 10 wt % of all neopentyl polyol esters are esters of pentaerythritol oligomers of 4 or more pentaerythritol monomer groups, and wherein a majority of the alkylcarboxylate groups of the alkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl polyols are pentanoyl groups wherein at least 15% of the pentanoyl groups are branched. 1. A working fluid for a heat transfer device comprising:i) a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant comprising difluoromethane (R-32) and{'sub': 5-10', '5-10', '5-10', '5', '5, 'ii) a polyol ester lubricant composition having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from 32 to 100 cSt and comprising a mixture of Calkylcarboxy neopentyl polyol esters, said neopentyl polyol esters comprising a mixture of Calkylcarboxy esters of pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol, tri-pentaerythritol and oligomers comprising 4 or more pentaerythritol monomers, wherein at least 10 wt % of all neopentyl polyol esters are esters of oligomers containing 4 or more neopentyl polyol monomer units, and wherein 50 mole % or more of all the Calkylcarboxy neopentyl polyol esters are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters, and 15-40% of all the Calkylcarboxy esters are branched.'}2. The working fluid according to wherein the polyol ester lubricant composition further comprises Calkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl glycol and/or Calkylcarboxy esters of trimethylol propane wherein at least 10 wt % of all neopentyl polyol esters are esters of oligomers containing 4 or more neopentyl polyol monomer units claim 1 , and 50 mole % or more of all the Calkylcarboxy neopentyl polyol ...

Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods and systems using same

Disclosed are the use of fluorine substituted olefins, including tetra- and penta-fluoropropenes, in a variety of applications, including in methods of depositing catalyst on a solid support, methods of sterilizing articles, cleaning methods and compositions, methods of applying medicaments, fire extinguishing/suppression compositions and methods, flavor formulations, fragrance formulations and inflating agents.

Tetrafluoropropene compositions and uses thereof

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a tetrafluoropropene and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

POLYSTYRENE/POLYETHYLENE OXIDE COPOLYMER FOR ENHANCING WATER VAPOR PERMEABILITY IN THERMOPLASTIC FOAM

Polymeric foam and polymeric foam products that contain a foamable polymer material, at least one blowing agent, a polystyrene/polyethylene oxide copolymer, and optionally, an infrared attenuating agent, are provided. In exemplary embodiments, the blowing agent includes at least one hydrofluorocarbon blowing agent. The maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer grafted with polyethylene oxide provides a water vapor permeability of 1.1 perm inch or greater in the extruded foam product without detrimentally affecting physical or thermal properties of the product. Additionally, the copolymer of maleic anhydride-styrene grafted with polyethylene oxide has a positive affect on the processability of the blowing agent(s) in the composition by both widening the process window and enhancing the solubility of the blowing agent in the polymer melt. Thus, the polystyrene/polyethylene oxide copolymer present in the inventive composition acts as a cell enlarger, a plasticizer, and a processing aid. A method of forming an extruded foam product is also provided. 120-. (canceled)22. The composition of claim 21 , further comprising at least one infrared attenuating agent.23. The composition of claim 22 , wherein said at least one infrared attenuating agent is selected from nanographite claim 22 , carbon black claim 22 , powdered amorphous carbon claim 22 , activated carbon claim 22 , asphalt claim 22 , granulated asphalt claim 22 , milled glass claim 22 , fiber glass strands claim 22 , mica claim 22 , black iron oxide claim 22 , metal flakes claim 22 , carbon nanotube claim 22 , nanographene platelets claim 22 , carbon nanofiber claim 22 , activated carbon claim 22 , titanium dioxide claim 22 , and combinations thereof.24. The composition of claim 22 , wherein said composition further comprises a foamable polymer material selected from polyvinyl chloride claim 22 , chlorinated polyvinyl chloride claim 22 , polyethylene claim 22 , polypropylene claim 22 , polycarbonates claim 22 , ...

Refrigerant Compositions

Compositions including a polar heat transfer fluid that was passed through a vessel containing a catalyst are disclosed. Preferred catalysts can comprise copper, polyamide, stainless steel, or a combination thereof. Compositions can also comprise one or more types of long chain fatty acids, preferably from food oils, and preferably fatty acids that have been activated by virtue of having been passed through a vessel comprising a catalyst. 1. A refrigerant composition comprising a polar heat transfer fluid , wherein at least some of the polar heat transfer fluid is passed through a vessel comprising a catalyst.2. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises copper.3. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises polyamide.4. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises stainless steel.5. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , further comprising a first food oil selected from the list consisting of walnut oil claim 1 , almond oil claim 1 , sunflower oil claim 1 , and canola oil.6. The refrigerant composition of claim 5 , wherein the polar heat transfer fluid and the first food oil are present in a wt/wt ratio between 90:1 and 99:1 claim 5 , inclusive.7. The refrigerant composition of claim 5 , further comprising at least 10 wt % of a second food oil different from the first food oil.8. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least some of the polar heat transfer fluid is passed through a vessel comprising a catalyst under heat of at least 30 degrees Celsius claim 1 , and pressure of at least 1.25 atm.9. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the vessel is a closed vessel.10. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the polar heat transfer fluid comprises r-134a claim 1 , known chemically as claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-Tetrafluoroethane (CHFCF).11. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the polar heat transfer fluid is present ...

HFO REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION HAVING IMPROVED SLIDABILITY

The present invention provides a highly stable HFO refrigerant composition for use in a vapor compression-type refrigeration system, having improved slidability for the sliding portions of the vapor compression-type refrigeration system. More specifically, the present invention provides an HFO refrigerant composition comprising at least one type of HFO refrigerant and a polymer of halogenated propene represented by CHFCl(provided that a+b+c=6, a=an integer of 1 to 3, b=an integer of 3 to 5, and c=an integer of 0 to 1) that is an oligomer having a molecular weight of 200 to 900. 1. An HFO refrigerant composition comprising at least one type of HFO refrigerant and a polymer of halogenated propene represented by CHFCl(provided that a+b+c=6 , a=an integer of 1 to 3 , b=an integer of 3 to 5 , and c=an integer of 0 to 1) that is an oligomer having a molecular weight of 200 to 900.2. The HFO refrigerant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the HFO refrigerant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) claim 1 , (Z or E-)1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze) claim 1 , (Z or E-) 1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye) claim 1 , (Z or E-)1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc) claim 1 , and (Z or E-)3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1243zf).3. The HFO refrigerant composition according to comprising the oligomer in an amount of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the HFO refrigerant.4. The HFO refrigerant composition according to further comprising a lubricant.5. The HFO refrigerant composition according to claim 4 , wherein the lubricant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycols claim 4 , polyol esters claim 4 , polyvinyl ethers claim 4 , and alkylbenzenes claim 4 , having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 5 to 400 ...

COMBINATIONS OF E-1,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE AND AT LEAST ONE TETRAFLUOROETHANE AND THEIR USE FOR HEATING

Disclosed herein is a method for producing heating comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF, in a condenser, thereby producing a liquid working fluid; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFin the working fluid is from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a heat pump apparatus containing a working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFin the working fluid is from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a method for raising the maximum feasible condenser operating temperature in a heat pump apparatus suitable for use with HFC-134a working fluid relative to the maximum condenser operating temperature when HFC-134a is used as the heat pump working fluid, comprising charging the heat pump with a working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a method for replacing HFC-134a refrigerant in a heat pump designed for HFC-134a comprising providing a replacement working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a composition comprising from about 10 weight percent to about 40 weight percent E-CFCH═CHF and from about 90 weight percent to about 60 weight percent CHFCHF. 1. A method for producing heating comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF , in a condenser , thereby producing a liquid working fluid; provided that the weight ratio of E- ...

COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING 1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUOROBUT-2-ENE AND 3,3,4,4,4-PETRAFLUOROBUT-1-ENE

The invention relates to a composition including 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and 3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobut-1-ene, as well as to use thereof, in particular as a heat transfer fluid. 1. A composition comprising 1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and 3 ,3 ,4 ,4 ,4-pentafluorobut-1-ene.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:from 0.1% to 99.9% of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and from 0.1% to 99.9% of 3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobut-1-ene.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene is in the form of the trans isomer claim 1 , or of the cis isomer claim 1 , or of a mixture of the trans isomer and the cis isomer.4. A heat-transfer fluid comprising the composition as claimed in .5. A heat-transfer composition comprising the composition as claimed in further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of lubricants claim 1 , stabilizers claim 1 , surfactants claim 1 , tracers claim 1 , fluorescent agents claim 1 , odorous agents solubilizing agents claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.6. Heat-transfer equipment comprising a vapor compression circuit containing a composition as claimed in as a heat-transfer fluid.7. The heat-transfer equipment as claimed in claim 6 , selected from the group consisting of mobile heat-pump heating claim 6 , stationary heat-pump heating claim 6 , air conditioning claim 6 , refrigeration equipment claim 6 , freezing equipment and Rankine cycles.8. A process for heating or for cooling a fluid or a body by means of a vapor compression circuit containing a heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , said process successively comprising evaporation of the heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , compression of the heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , condensation of the heat-transfer fluid and expansion of the heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , wherein the heat-transfer fluid is a composition as claimed in .9. The process as claimed in claim 8 , which is a process for ...

REFRIGERANTS CONTAINING (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUOROBUT-2-ENE

The invention relates to a composition comprising (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobat-2-ene as a mixture with at least one hydrocarbon, hydrofinorocarbon or fluoroolefin compound having a boiling point less than or equal to 42° C., and also to the use of this composition as a heat transfer fluid. 1. A composition comprising (E)-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluorobut ,ene with at least one compound having a boiling point less than or equal to −12° C. selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons , hydrofluorocarbons , ethers , hydrofluoroethers , fluoroolefins and mixtures thereof.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1-difluoroethane claim 1 , difluoromethane claim 1 , pentafluoroethane claim 1 , propane and dimethyl ether claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , consisting of a mixture of:(E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexalluorobut-2-ene and a compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane, difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane and propane and mixtures thereof.4. (canceled)5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the difference between the liquid saturation pressure and the vapor saturation pressure at a temperature of −5′'C is less than or equal to 10% of the liquid saturation pressure.6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:from 10% to 50% of (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and from 50% to 90% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.7. (canceled)8. A heat-transfer composition comprising the composition as claimed in further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of ...

REFRIGERATION OIL FROM GAS-TO-LIQUID-DERIVED AND BIO-DERIVED TRIESTERS

The present invention is directed to a refrigerator oil composition comprising 2. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the halohydrocarbon comprises a chlorine-free type halogenocarbon claim 1 , a chlorine-containing type halogenocarbon claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.3. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein halohydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of: difluoromethane (HFC-32) claim 2 , trifluoromethane (HFC-23) claim 2 , pentafluoroethane (HFC-125) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,2 claim 2 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) claim 2 , monochlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) claim 2 , 1-chloro-1 claim 2 ,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) claim 2 , dichlorotrifluoroethane (HCFC-123) and monochlorotetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124); and mixtures thereof.4. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the triester species is derived from a process comprising:(a) esterifying a mono-unsaturated fatty acid having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms with an alcohol thereby forming an unsaturated ester;(b) epoxidizing the unsaturated ester in step (a) thereby forming an epoxy-ester species comprising an epoxide ring;(c) opening the ring of the epoxy-ester species in step (b) thereby forming a dihydroxy ester; and(d) esterifying the dihydroxy ester in step (c) with an esterifying species to form a triester species, wherein the esterifying species is selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, acyl halides, acyl anhydrides, and combinations thereof, and wherein the esterifying species has a carbon number of from 2 to 18.5. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the pour point is less than −25° C.6. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the cloud point is less than 0° C.7. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the esterifying species is a carboxylic acid.8. The refrigerator ...

BLOWING AGENT COMPOSITIONS OF HYDROFLUOROOLEFINS AND HYDROCHLOROFLUOROOLEFINS

The present invention relates to blowing agent compositions comprising (1) at least one hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) and (2) at least one hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) used in the preparation of foamable thermoplastic compositions. The HFOs of component (1) include, but are not limited too, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1243zf), 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye), cis- and/or trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO 1234yf), and mixtures thereof. The HCFOs of component (2) include, but are not limited to, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd), 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf) and mixtures thereof. The blowing agent compositions are useful in the production of low density insulating foams with improved k-factor. 1. A thermoplastic foam product comprising a blowing agent composition comprising a combination of 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene and 2 wt % to about 90 wt % 1-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene wherein thermoplastic foam product has a density less than about 24-50 kg/mat a blowing agent loading of from about 7 to about 13 wt %.2. The thermoplastic foam product of wherein said blowing agent composition comprises about 5 wt % to about 80 wt % of said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.3. The thermoplastic foam product of wherein said blowing agent composition comprises from about 10 wt % to about 70 wt % of said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.4. The thermoplastic foam product of wherein said blowing agent composition comprises from about 20 wt % to about 65 wt % of said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tri fluoropropene.5. The thermoplastic foam product of wherein said blowing agent composition comprises from about 30 wt % to about 60 wt % of said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.6. The thermoplastic foam product of where said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene comprises greater than 75% of the trans-isomer.7. The thermoplastic foam product ...

PHENOL STABILIZERS FOR FLUOROOLEFINS

The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one fluoroolefin and an effective amount of stabilizer that may be at least one phenol or a mixture of at least one phenol with other stabilizers. The stabilized compositions may be useful in cooling apparatus, such as refrigeration, air-conditioning, chillers, and heat pumps, as well as in applications as foam blowing agents, solvents, aerosol propellants, fire extinguishants, and sterilants. 1. A composition comprising:a. at least one fluoroolefin;b. and an effective amount of stabilizer comprising at least one phenol and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of thiophosphates, butylated triphenylphosphorothionates, organo phosphates, fullerenes, functionalized perfluoropolyethers, polyoxyalkylated aromatics, alkylated aromatics, oxetanes, ascorbic acid, thiols, lactones, thioethers, nitromethane, alkylsilanes, aryl sulfides, divinyl terephthalate, diphenyl terephthalate, graphite, polycyclic aromatics, and mixtures thereof.3. The composition of further comprising at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of fluoroolefins claim 1 , hydrofluorocarbons claim 1 , hydrocarbons claim 1 , dimethyl ether claim 1 , CFI claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , ammonia claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The composition of further comprising a lubricant selected from the groups consisting of mineral oils claim 1 , alkylbenzenes claim 1 , poly-alpha-olefins claim 1 , silicone oils claim 1 , polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers claim 1 , polyol esters claim 1 , and polyvinylethers and mixtures thereof.5. The composition of further comprising at least one additional stabilizer compound selected from the group consisting of phosphites claim 1 , terpenes claim 1 , terpenoids claim 1 , epoxides claim 1 , fluorinated epoxides claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. The composition of wherein the phenol comprises at least one phenol selected from the group consisting of 2 claim 1 ,6-di-tert- ...

3,3,3-TRIFLUOROPROPENE COMPOSITION

The invention relates to a composition including a polyol ester (POE) or PVE lubricant and a refrigerant F including 3,3,3-trifluoropropene. The invention also relates to the use of said composition for refrigeration, air-conditioning, and for heat pump. 1. A composition comprising at least one lubricant based on polyol esters or polyvinyl ethers and a refrigerant comprising 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the refrigerant further comprises 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene and trans-4 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the polyol esters are obtained from polyols which have a neopentyl backbone.4. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the polyol esters are obtained from linear or branched carboxylic acid having from 2 to 15 carbon atoms.5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the polyol esters represent between 10% and 50% by weight of the composition.6. (canceled)7. The composition as claimed in claim 3 , characterized in that the neopentyl is selected from the group neopentyl glycol claim 3 , trimethylol propane claim 3 , pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol. The present invention relates to a composition containing 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and at least one lubricant, which can be used in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pumps.The problems posed by substances which deplete the atmospheric ozone layer were addressed in Montreal, where the protocol imposing a reduction in the production and use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) was signed. This protocol has been the subject of amendments which have required the abandoning of CFCs and have extended regulation to other products, including hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).The refrigeration and air conditioning industries have invested a great deal in the replacement of these refrigerants and it is because of ...

REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING DIFLUOROMETHANE (HFC32) AND 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE (HFO1234YF)

An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant composition having a reduced amount of comprehensive environmental load, in which the refrigerant composition has low GWP (direct impact on global warming is low), and has good energy efficiency (indirect impact on global warming is low) when used in a device. 19-. (canceled)10. A refrigeration unit comprising:(a) a countermeasure to prevent heat exchange efficiency from decreasing due to a temperature glide in a heat exchanger; and(b) a refrigerant composition comprising 30 to 50 mass % of difluoromethane (HFC32) and 70 to 50 mass % of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf), based on a total of HFC32 and HFO1234yf in the refrigerant composition.11. The refrigeration unit according to claim 10 , wherein the refrigeration unit is further provided with a countermeasure to reduce an effect of pressure loss.12. The refrigeration unit according to claim 10 , wherein the countermeasure to prevent heat exchange efficiency from decreasing due to the temperature glide in a heat exchanger is at least one of the following: eliminating a temperature difference between air and refrigerant by countercurrent flow claim 10 , preventing frost formation near an inlet of an evaporator claim 10 , and increasing a heat-transfer coefficient of a heat exchanger.13. The refrigeration unit according to claim 11 , wherein the countermeasure to reduce the effect of pressure loss is at least one of the following: increasing a tube diameter of a heat exchanger or optimizing a number of paths in a heat exchanger claim 11 , increasing a pipe diameter or shortening a length of a pipe in an air conditioner and a connecting pipe for an air conditioner claim 11 , using an ejector as an expansion mechanism; and using an economizer cycle.14. A refrigeration unit comprising:(a) a countermeasure to prevent heat exchange efficiency from decreasing due to a temperature glide in a heat exchanger; and(b) a refrigerant composition comprising 35 to ...

LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION FOR REFRIGERATORS

Provided is a lubricating oil composition for a refrigerator which uses a base oil including as the main component at least one kind of oxygen-containing compounds selected from polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, copolymers of poly(oxy)alkylene glycols or monoethers thereof and polyvinyl ethers, polyol esters, and polycarbonates. The lubricating oil composition for a refrigerator is used for a refrigerator that uses, as a refrigerant, a fluorine-containing organic compound, which is a refrigerant applicable to current car air conditioner systems or the like and has a specific polar structure, and has favorable sealing property, a low coefficient of friction factor in a sliding part, and excellent stability as well as excellent compatibility with the refrigerant. 115-. (canceled)17. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the refrigerant is a blend of the at least one unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound represented by formula (A) and at least one saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound claim 16 , andwherein the refrigerant contains 30% by mass or less of the saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound based on the total amount of the refrigerant.18. The composition according to claim 17 , wherein the refrigerant contains 10% by mass or less of the saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound based on the total amount of the refrigerant.19. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the refrigerant consists of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound represented by formula (A).20. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the unsaturated refrigerant fluorinated hydrocarbon compound is a fluorinated derivative of propene.21. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the fluorinated derivative of propene comprises at least one isomer of pentafluoropropene claim 20 , 3 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,3-trifluoropropene or 1 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.22. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein ...

Heat Transfer Compositions

A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), difiuoromethane (R-32) and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a). 1. A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) , difluoromethane (R-32) and 1 ,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).2. A composition according to comprising up to about 25% by weight R-32.3. A composition according to comprising up to about 45% by weight R-152a.4. A composition according to comprising from about 5 to about 12% by weight R-32 claim 1 , from about 10 to about 45% by weight of R-152a and from about 43 to about 85% by weight R-1234ze(E).5. A composition according to comprising from about 8 to about 12% by weight R-32 claim 1 , from about 5 to about 10% by weight R-152a claim 1 , and from about 78 to about 87% by weight R-1234ze(E).6. A composition according to consisting essentially of R-32 claim 1 , R-152a and R-1234ze(E).7. A composition according to further comprising 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).8. A composition according to comprising up to about 50% by weight of R-134a.9. A composition according to comprising from about 2 to about 15% by weight R-32 claim 8 , from about 5 to about 45% by weight R-152a claim 8 , from about 25 to about 50% R-134a claim 8 , and from about 5 to about 70% by weight R-1234ze(E).10. A composition according to claim 7 , consisting essentially of R-32 claim 7 , R-152a claim 7 , R-1234ze(E) and R-134a.11. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a GWP of less than 1000 claim 1 , preferably less than 150.12. A composition according claim 1 , wherein the temperature glide is less than about 10K claim 1 , preferably less than about 5K.13. A composition according claim 1 , wherein the composition has a volumetric refrigeration capacity within about 15% claim 1 , preferably within about 10% of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.14. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein ...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING FIRE HAZARD OF FLAMMABLE REFRIGERANTS

The present invention relates to compositions comprising flammable refrigerant, fire hazard-reducing agent, and optionally a lubricant suitable for use in a refrigeration or air conditioning apparatus. Further, the present invention relates to compositions comprising lubricant and fire hazard-reducing agent and methods for reducing flammability of flammable refrigerant, for delivering a fire hazard-reducing agent to a refrigeration or air conditioning apparatus, and for replacing a non-flammable refrigerant with a flammable refrigerant. 1. A composition comprising:(i) at least one flammable refrigerant; and(ii) at least one fire hazard-reducing agent selected from the group of perfluorinated lubricants.2. The composition of wherein said flammable refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons claim 1 , fluoroethers claim 1 , hydrocarbon ethers claim 1 , hydrocarbons claim 1 , ammonia and mixtures thereof.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said flammable refrigerant is a mixture claim 1 , said mixture comprising at least one non-flammable refrigerant.4. The composition of further comprising at least one lubricant selected from the group consisting of mineral oils claim 1 , paraffins claim 1 , naphthenes claim 1 , synthetic paraffins claim 1 , alkylbenzenes claim 1 , poly-alpha-olefins claim 1 , polyalkylene glycols claim 1 , polyvinyl ethers claim 1 , polyol esters and mixtures thereof.5. The composition of further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of anticorrosion claim 1 , anti-wear claim 1 , stabilizer and lubricity additives.6. A composition comprising:(i) a fire hazard-reducing agent suitable for use with a flammable refrigerant selected from the group of perfluorinated lubricants; and(ii) a lubricant selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, paraffins, naphthenes, synthetic paraffins, alkylbenzenes, poly-alpha-olefins, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyol esters and mixtures ...

BINARY COMPOSITIONS OF 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE AND OF AMMONIA

A binary composition of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and of ammonia, and also to the use thereof, in particular as a heat transfer fluid. 2. The refrigerant of claim 1 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition consists of from 20 to 40 wt % ammonia and from 60 to 80 wt % HFO-1234yf.3. The refrigerant of claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the additive selected from the group consisting of surface active agents claim 1 , stabilizers claim 1 , tracers claim 1 , fluorescent agents claim 1 , odorants claim 1 , and solubilizing agents.4. The refrigerant of claim 3 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the lubricant.5. The refrigerant of claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the lubricant.7. The heat transfer fluid composition of claim 6 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition of consists of from 20 to 40 wt % ammonia and from 60 to 80 wt % HFO-1234yf.8. The refrigerant of claim 6 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the additive selected from the group consisting of surface active agents claim 6 , stabilizers claim 6 , tracers claim 6 , fluorescent agents claim 6 , odorants claim 6 , and solubilizing agents.9. The refrigerant of claim 8 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the lubricant.10. The refrigerant of claim 6 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the lubricant.12. The refrigerant of claim 11 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition consists essentially of from 20 to 40 wt % ammonia and from 60 to 80 wt % HFO-1234yf.13. The refrigerant of claim 11 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the additive selected from the group consisting of surface active agents claim 11 , stabilizers claim 11 , tracers claim 11 , fluorescent agents claim 11 , odorants claim 11 , and solubilizing agents.14. The refrigerant of claim 13 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the lubricant.15. The refrigerant of claim 11 , wherein the refrigerant composition comprises the lubricant.17. The heat ...

Reaction mixture in the form of an emulsion and process for production of polyurethane foams from such a reaction mixture

The present invention relates to a reaction mixture in emulsion form, suitable for conversion into polyurethanes, comprising a first phase and a second phase in the emulsion and further comprising the following components: A) polyols; B) blowing agent; C) surfactants; and D) isocyanates, wherein the isocyanate-reactive compounds A) are present in the first phase of the emulsion and the blowing agent B) is present in the second phase. The blowing agent B) is present in the near-critical or supercritical state and the isocyanate D) is present in the second phase in a proportion of ≧10% by weight of the total amount of isocyanate D) in the composition. The invention further relates to a method of producing polyurethane foams by providing such a reaction mixture, wherein a polymerization takes place at the freshly formed interface between the polyol phase and the blowing agent phase, to the use of such a reaction mixture for producing polyurethane foams and also to the polyurethane foams obtained.

EPOXIDE AND FLUORINATED EPOXIDE STABILIZERS FOR FLUOROOLEFINS

The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one fluoroolefin and an effective amount of stabilizer that may be an epoxide, fluorinated epoxide or oxetane, or a mixture thereof with other stabilizers. The stabilized compositions may be useful in cooling apparatus, such as refrigeration, air-conditioning, chillers, and heat pumps, as well as in applications as foam blowing agents, solvents, aerosol propellants, fire extinguishants, and sterilants. 115-. (canceled)18. The composition of further comprising at least one refrigerant selected from the group consisting of fluoroolefins claim 16 , hydrofluorocarbons claim 16 , hydrocarbons claim 16 , dimethyl ether claim 16 , carbon dioxide claim 16 , ammonia and mixtures thereof.19. The composition of further comprising a lubricant selected from the groups consisting of mineral oils claim 16 , alkylbenzenes claim 16 , polyalphaolefins claim 16 , silicone oils claim 16 , polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers claim 16 , polyol esters claim 16 , polyvinylethers and mixtures thereof.20. The composition of further comprising at least one additional stabilizer compound selected from the group consisting of phenols claim 16 , phosphites claim 16 , terpenes claim 16 , terpenoids claim 16 , and mixtures thereof.21. The composition of wherein:a. the phenols are selected from the group consisting of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol; 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol; 2,4-dimethyl-6-tertbutylphenol; tocopherol; hydroquinone; t-butyl hydroquinone; 4,4′-thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol); 4,4′-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tertbutylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol); 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol); 4,4′-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol); 2,2′-methylenebis(4-ethyl-6-tertbutylphenol); 2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol); 4,4-butylidenebis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol); 4,4-isopropylidenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol); 2,2′-methyleenbis(4-methyl-6-nonylphenol); 2,2′-isobutylidenebis(4,6-dimethylphenol; 2,2 ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING A TERNARY OR HIGHER ZEOTROPIC REFRIGERANT MIXTURE

A method for preparing a ternary or higher zeotropic refrigerant mixture comprising components of different volatilities is described. The method comprises: mixing together the less volatile components of the mixture in a pre-blending process; and separately adding the most volatile component to the pre-blended mixture by pressure or mass flow control so that the desired initial liquid composition is attained. The liquid zeotropic refrigerant mixture that is prepared may be transferred from a container in which it is held to another container or to a piece of equipment that is to use the refrigerant mixture. This method comprises the steps of: removing at least a portion of the prepared liquid zeotropic refrigerant mixture from a container in which it is held; charging the liquid zeotropic refrigerant mixture that is removed to another container or to a piece of equipment in which it is to be used; and adding at least the most volatile component of the refrigerant mixture to the holding container to compensate for the removal of liquid refrigerant mixture therefrom. 1. A method for preparing a ternary or higher zeotropic refrigerant mixture comprising carbon dioxide , at least one hydrofluoroalkene , and optionally at least one further hydrofluorocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of pentafluoroethane (R-125) , difluoromethane (R-32) , 1 ,1 ,1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) and 1 ,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) , said method comprising:mixing together the at least one hydrofluoroalkene and optionally the at least one hydrofluorocarbon compound in a pre-blending process; andseparately adding the carbon dioxide to the pre-blended mixture by pressure or mass flow control so as to obtain a desired initial liquid composition of the zeotropic refrigerant mixture.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrofluoroalkene is a hydrofluoropropene.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mixture comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 2 ...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING 3,3,3-TRIFLUOROPROPENE AND AMMONIA

A composition based on 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia, and to the use thereof, especially as a heat transfer fluid. A heat-transfer composition including the composition based on 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia and also one or more additives chosen from lubricants, stabilizers, surfactants, tracers, fluorescers, odorant agents and solubilizers, and mixtures thereof. A process for heating or cooling a fluid or a body by means of a vapor compression circuit containing a heat-transfer fluid, said process successively including evaporation of the heat-transfer fluid, compression of the heat-transfer fluid, condensation of the heat fluid and depressurization of the heat-transfer fluid, in which the heat-transfer fluid is a composition based on 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia. 1. A composition comprising 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , in which 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia represent at least 95% of the composition.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:from 10% to 70% of ammonia and from 30% to 90% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.4. A heat-transfer fluid comprising the composition as claimed in .5. The composition as claimed in claim 4 , in which the composition is quasi-azeotropic.6. A heat-transfer composition claim 1 , comprising the composition as claimed in and also one or more additives chosen from lubricants claim 1 , stabilizers claim 1 , surfactants claim 1 , tracers claim 1 , fluorescers claim 1 , odorant agents and solubilizers claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. A heat-transfer installation comprising a vapor compression circuit containing a composition as claimed in as heat-transfer fluid.8. The installation as claimed in claim 7 , chosen from mobile or stationary heat-pump heating claim 7 , air-conditioning claim 7 , refrigeration claim 7 , freezing and Rankine-cycle installations.9. A process for heating or cooling a fluid or a body by means of a vapor compression ...

1,2,3,3,3-Pentafluoropropene Production Processes

A process is disclosed for making CFCF═CHF. The process involves reacting CFCClFCClF with Hin a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product mixture comprising CFCF═CHF. The catalyst has a catalytically effective amount of palladium supported on a support selected from the group consisting of alumina, fluorided alumina, aluminum fluoride and mixtures thereof and the mole ratio of Hto CFCClFCClF fed to the reaction zone is between about 1:1 and about 5:1. 1. A composition comprising:(a) 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane and(b) HF; wherein the HF is present in an effective amount to form an azeotropic combination with the 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane.2. An azeotropic composition as in claim 1 , comprising from about 81.0 mole percent to about 55.0 mole percent HF and from about 19.0 mole percent to about 45.0 mole percent 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropane.3. An azeotropic composition as in comprising comprising from about 81.0 mole percent to about 55.0 mole percent HF and from about 19.0 mole percent to about 45.0 mole percent 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropane. which form azeotropes boiling at a temperature of from about −20° C. to about 135° C. and at a pressure of from about 4 psi (27.5 kPa) to about 550 psi (3792 kPa). This application is a Divisional application of pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/539,963 filed Jul. 2, 2012, which is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/301,065 filed Nov. 17, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,263,816, which was a national filing under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Application No. PCT/US07/14646 filed Jun. 22, 2007, and claims priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/816,649 filed Jun. 27, 2006.The present invention relates to processes that involve the production of halogenated hydrocarbon products comprising 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene.As a result of the Montreal Protocol phasing out ozone depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) ...

LOW GWP HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

The present invention relates, in part, to heat transfer compositions and methods that include (a) from about 65% to about 75% by weight of HFC-32; (b) from about 15% to about 35% by weight of a compound selected from unsaturated —CF3 terminated propenes, unsaturated —CF3 terminated butenes, and combinations of these; and (c) from greater than about 0% to less than about 10% by weight of CO2, provided that the amount of component (c) is effective to improve heating capacity of the composition and reduce the defrost cycle in refrigerant applications, as compared to compositions lacking this component. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(a) from about 65% to about 75% by weight of HFC-32;(b) from about 15% to about 35% by weight of a compound selected from unsaturated —CF3 terminated propenes, unsaturated —CF3 terminated butenes, and combinations of these; and(c) from greater than about 0% to less than about 10% by weight of CO2, provided that the amount of component (c) is effective to improve heating capacity of the composition and reduce the defrost cycle in refrigerant applications, as compared to compositions lacking this component.2. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 , wherein said component (b) comprises HFO-1234ze.3. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein said component (b) consists essentially of HFO-1234ze.4. The heat transfer composition of claim 2 , wherein said component (b) consists of HFO-1234ze.5. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 , wherein said component (b) comprises from about 17% to about 35% by weight of a compound selected from unsaturated —CF3 terminated propenes claim 1 , unsaturated —CF3 terminated butenes claim 1 , and combinations of these; and component (c) comprises from greater than about 0% to about 8% by weight of CO2.6. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 , wherein said component (b) comprises from about 19% to about 35% by weight of a compound selected from unsaturated —CF3 terminated propenes ...

Azeotrope-Like Compositions of Pentafluoroethane and Trifluoroiodomethane

Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising heptafluoropropane and trifluoroiodomethane and uses thereof, including use in refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, blowing agents, fire suppressant compositions, and aerosol propellants.

COMPOSITIONS OF CHLORO-TRIFLUOROPROPENE AND HEXAFLUOROBUTENE

Provided are compositions, preferably azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions comprised of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and chlorotrifluoropropene, particularly 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd), and uses thereof. 1. Composition comprising 1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and at least one chlorotrifluoropropene.2. Composition according to comprising from 1 to 99% by weight of 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from 1 to 99% by weight of at least one chlorotrifluoropropene.3. Composition according to comprising from 60 to 99% by weight of 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,4 claim 2 ,4 claim 2 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from 1 to 40% by weight of at least one chlorotrifluoropropene.4. Composition according to comprising from 1 to 30% by weight of 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,4 claim 2 ,4 claim 2 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from 70 to 99% by weight of at least one chlorotrifluoropropene.5. Composition according to characterised in that the chlorotrifluoropropene is selected from the group consisting of 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and 2-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.6. Composition according to characterised in that the chlorotrifluoropropene is the trans-isomer of 1-chloro-3 claim 5 ,3 claim 5 ,3-trifluoropropene.7. Composition according to characterized in that the 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene is the trans isomer.8. Composition according to comprising from 1 to 25% by weight of E-1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from 75 to 99% by weight of E-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.9. Composition according to characterised in that the composition is azeotropic or azeotrope-like.10. Heat transfer composition comprising composition of .11. Blowing agent composition comprising composition of .12. Solvent composition comprising composition of .13. Sprayable ...

NON-FLAMMABLE COMPOSITIONS OF CHLORO-TRIFLUOROPROPENE

The present invention relates to non-flammable compositions comprising chlorotrifluoropropene with reduced risk of flammability which are useful as refrigerants, heat transfer fluids, solvents, cleaners, blowing agents, aerosols, extraction fluids, and the like. 1. A non-flammable composition comprising (1) from between 95 wt % to 99.996 wt % of a chlorotrifluoropropene selected from the group consisting of 1-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene , 2-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene; and mixtures thereof and (2) from between 5 wt % and 0.001 wt % of a fluoropropene selected from the group consisting of 1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene; 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene; and mixtures thereof.2. (canceled)3. The non-flammable composition of where the vapor of said composition is non-flammable at at least one temperature from between 100° C. to 20° C. when mixed with humid air at at least once concentration from between 3 vol % to 22 vol % claim 1 , where the humidity of the air is approximately 50% relative humidity.4. (canceled)5. The non-flammable composition of where the 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is greater than 70% the trans-isomer.6. The non-flammable composition of where the 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is greater than 90% the trans-isomer.7. The non-flammable composition of where the 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is greater than 95% the trans-isomer.8. The non-flammable composition of where the 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is greater than 99% the trans-isomer.9. The non-flammable composition of where the 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is essentially the trans-isomer.10. The non-flammable composition of further comprising a hydrofluorocarbon claim 1 , hydrochlorofluorocarbon claim 1 , chlorofluorocarbon claim 1 , hydrofluoroolefin claim 1 , hydrochlorofluoroolefin claim 1 , hydrocarbon claim 1 , hydrofluoroether claim 1 , ether claim 1 , ester claim 1 , ketone claim 1 , ...

WORKING MEDIUM AND HEAT CYCLE SYSTEM

To provide a working medium for heat cycle, of which combustibility is suppressed, which has less influence over the ozone layer, which has less influence over global warming and which provides a heat cycle system excellent in the cycle performance (capacity), and a heat cycle system, of which the safety is secured, and which is excellent in the cycle performance (capacity). 1. A working medium for heat cycle , which comprises 1 ,1 ,2-trifluoroethylene.2. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 1 , which further contains a hydrocarbon.3. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 1 , which further contains a hydrofluorocarbon.4. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 1 , which further contains a hydrochlorofluoroolefin or a chlorofluoroolefin.5. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 1 , wherein 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-trifluoroethylene is contained in a content of at least 60 mass % in the working medium for heat cycle (100 mass %).6. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 2 , wherein the hydrocarbon is contained in a content of from 1 to 40 mass % in the working medium for heat cycle (100 mass %).7. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 3 , wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is contained in a content of from 1 to 99 mass % in the working medium for heat cycle (100 mass %).8. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 4 , wherein the total content of the hydrochlorofluoroolefin and the chlorofluoroolefin is from 1 to 60 mass % in the working medium for heat cycle (100 mass %).9. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 2 , wherein the hydrocarbon is propane claim 2 , propylene claim 2 , cyclopropane claim 2 , butane claim 2 , isobutane claim 2 , pentane or isopentane.10. The working medium for heat cycle according to claim 3 , wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is difluoromethane claim 3 , 1 claim 3 ,1-difluoroethane claim 3 , 1 claim 3 ,1 claim 3 ,2 claim 3 ,2- ...

Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and hydrofluorocarbons

Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising tetrafluoropropene and hydrofluorocarbons and uses thereof, including use in refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, blowing agent compositions, and aerosol propellants.

COMPOSITIONS OF 2,4,4,4-TETRAFLUOROBUT-1-ENE AND CIS-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUOROBUT-2-ENE

A composition including 2,4,4,4-10-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene, and also the use thereof in particular as a heat transfer fluid. The composition may include: from 1% to 99% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 1% to 99% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 5% to 70% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 30% to 95% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 20% to 65% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 35% to 80% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 25% to 60% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 40% to 75% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 28% to 51% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 49% to 72% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene. 1. A composition comprising 2 ,4 ,4 ,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and cis-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , consisting of a mixture of 2 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and cis-1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:from 1% to 99% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 1% to 99% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene;preferably from 5% to 70% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 30% to 95% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene;preferably from 20% to 65% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 35% to 80% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene;preferably from 25% to 60% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 40% to 75% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene;preferably from 28% to 51% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 49% to 72% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene.4. A heat-transfer fluid comprising the composition as claimed in .5. The heat-transfer fluid as claimed in claim 4 , in which the composition is quasi-azeotropic claim 4 , preferably azeotropic.6. The heat-transfer fluid as claimed in claim 4 , in which the composition is ...

CLOSED-CELL TANNIN-BASED FOAMS WITHOUT FORMALDEHYDE

Disclosed are foam compositions and processes to form closed-cell tannin-based foams. The foams comprises a continuous polymeric phase defining a plurality of cells, wherein the continuous polymeric phase comprises a tannin-based resin derived from a tannin and a monomer, wherein the monomer comprises furfural, glyoxal, acetaldehyde, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, acrolein, levulinate esters, sugars, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2,5-furandicarboxylic aldehyde, urea, difurfural (DFF), furfuryl alcohol, glycerol, sorbitol, lignin, or mixtures thereof, and wherein the plurality of cells comprises a plurality of open-cells and a plurality of closed-cells with an open-cell content measured according to ASTM D6226-5, of less than 50%. The foam composition also comprises a discontinuous phase disposed in at least a portion of the plurality of closed-cells, the discontinuous phase comprising one or more blowing agents. 1. A foam comprising: the continuous polymeric phase comprises a tannin-based resin derived from a tannin and a monomer, the monomer comprising furfural, glyoxal, acetaldehyde, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, acrolein, levulinate esters, sugars, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2,5-furandicarboxylic aldehyde, urea, difurfural (DFF), furfuryl alcohol, glycerol, sorbitol, lignin, or mixtures thereof,', 'the plurality of cells comprises a plurality of open-cells and a plurality of closed-cells with an open-cell content measured according to ASTM D2856, of less than 50%; and, '(a) a continuous polymeric phase defining a plurality of cells, wherein(b) a discontinuous phase disposed in at least a portion of the plurality of closed-cells, the discontinuous phase comprising one or more blowing agents.2. The foam of claim 1 , wherein the tannin and the monomer are present in a weight ratio in the range of 1:0.1 to 1:2.3. The foam of claim 1 , wherein the open-cell content measured according to ASTM D2856 claim 1 , is less than 40%.4. The foam of claim 1 , wherein the open-cell content ...

AZEOTROPIC AND AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS OF Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE, TRANS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE, AND A THIRD COMPONENT

Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and a third component. Also disclosed are compositions where the third component is cyclopentane, methanol, dimethyoxymethane, methyl formate or perfluoro ethyl isopropyl ketone. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics. 2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. An azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of:(a) Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene;(b) trans-1,2-dichloroethylene; and(c) a third component, wherein the trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and the third component are present in effective amounts to form an azeotropic-like combination with the Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene wherein the third component is(i) from about 2 to about 53 weight percent cyclopentane, the Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene is from about 34 to about 70 weight percent, and the trans-1,2-dichloroethylene is from about 13 to about 27 weight percent;(ii) from about 17 to about 64 weight percent methyl formate, the Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene is from about 18 to about 60 weight percent, and the trans-1,2-dichloroethylene is from about 18 to about 23 weight percent ...

STABILIZATION OF POLYURETHANE FOAM POLYOL PREMIXES CONTAINING HALOGENATED OLEFIN BLOWING AGENTS

The invention provides polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams and methods for the preparation thereof. More particularly, the invention relates to polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams having an open-cell, closed-cell or a combination of open and closed cell structure, and methods for their preparation. The foams are produced with a polyol premix composition which comprises a combination of a hydrohaloolefin blowing agent, a polyol and a catalyst which is an adduct of an amine and an organic acid. 1. A polyol premix composition that has been aged which comprises a combination of: (a) from about 1 wt % to about 30 wt % of a blowing agent , (b) from about 60 wt. % to about 95 wt. % of a polyol , (c) from about 0.5 wt. % to about 5.0 wt. % of a silicone surfactant , and (d) from about 0.2 wt. % to about 8.0 wt. % of a catalyst which catalyst is an adduct of a tertiary amine and an organic acid comprising 2-ethylhexanoic acid , wherein the blowing agent comprises: (i) from about 10 wt % to about 70 wt % of a hydrohaloolefin based on the weight of the blowing agent , wherein said hydrohaloolefin is selected from the group consisting of trans-1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene , trans-1-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene , and combinations thereof , and (ii) an auxiliary blowing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon , fluorocarbon , chlorocarbon , fluorochlorocarbon , halogenated hydrocarbon , ethers , esters , aldehydes , ketones , halogenated ethers , COgenerating material , or combinations thereof , wherein the catalyst and the hydrohaloolefin blowing agent exhibit sufficiently reduced reactivity with each other , as compared to a composition comprising the blowing agent and catalyst that is not an adduct of an amine and an organic acid , such that foam formed from the polyol premix composition exhibits substantially no cell collapse after said premix has been aged at 120° F. for 62 hours.2. The polyol premix composition of wherein the blowing agent ...

Heat Transfer Compositions

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising: 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:from about 5% to about 40% by weight of R-1234ze(E);from about 20% to about 35% by weight R-32;from about 15% to about 30% by weight R-125; andfrom about 12% to about 50% by weight R-134a.2. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a GWP of less than 1800.3. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature glide is less than about 15 k.4. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a volumetric refrigeration capacity within about 15% of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.5. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is less flammable than R-32 alone.6. A composition according to wherein the composition has:(a) a higher flammable limit;(b) a higher ignition energy; and/or(c) a lower flame velocity compared to R-32 alone.7. A composition according to which is non-flammable.8. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a cycle efficiency within about 10% of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.9. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a compressor discharge temperature within about 15 k of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.10. A composition comprising a lubricant and a composition according to .11. A composition according to claim 10 , wherein the lubricant is selected from mineral oil claim 10 , silicone oil claim 10 , polyalkyl benzenes (PABs) claim 10 , polyol esters (POEs) claim 10 , polyalkylene glycols (PAGs) claim 10 , polyalkylene glycol esters (PAG esters) claim 10 , polyvinyl ethers (PVEs) claim 10 , poly (alpha-olefins) and combinations thereof.12. A composition according to further comprising a stabiliser.13. A composition according to claim 12 , wherein the stabiliser is selected from diene-based compounds claim 12 , phosphates claim 12 , phenol compounds and epoxides ...

WORKING FLUID FOR HEAT CYCLE, COMPOSITION FOR HEAT CYCLE SYSTEM, AND HEAT CYCLE SYSTEM

To provide a working fluid for heat cycle, which has less influence over global warming, which has a small temperature glide, which has a sufficiently low discharge temperature and which is excellent in the cycle performance (refrigerating capacity and coefficient of performance), a composition for a heat cycle system, and a heat cycle system. A working fluid for heat cycle, which contains trifluoroethylene and 1,2-difluoroethylene, a composition for a heat cycle system, and a heat cycle system employing the composition. In the working fluid for heat cycle, the proportion of the total amount of trifluoroethylene and 1,2-difluoroethylene is preferably at least 20 mass % and at most 100 mass %. 1. A working fluid for heat cycle , which contains trifluoroethylene and 1 ,2-difluoroethylene.2. The working fluid for heat cycle according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of the total amount of trifluoroethylene and 1 claim 1 ,2-difluoroethylene based on the entire amount of the working fluid for heat cycle is at least 20 mass % and at most 100 mass %.3. The working fluid for heat cycle according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of trifluoroethylene based on the entire amount of the working fluid for heat cycle is at least 57 mass % and at most 90 mass %.4. The working fluid for heat cycle according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of 1 claim 1 ,2-difluoroethylene based on the entire amount of the working fluid for heat cycle is at most 43 mass %.5. The working fluid for heat cycle according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of 1 claim 1 ,2-difluoroethylene based on the entire amount of the working fluid for heat cycle is at least 10 mass %.6. The working fluid for heat cycle according to claim 1 , which further contains difluoromethane.7. The working fluid for heat cycle according to claim 6 , wherein the proportion of difluoromethane based on the entire amount of the working fluid for heat cycle is at least 10 mass % and at most 60 mass %.8. The working fluid ...

STYRENE RESIN EXTRUDED FOAM BODY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

A styrene resin extruded foam includes graphite and a styrene resin. The graphite is in an amount of 0.5 to 10.0 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the styrene resin. The graphite has an average particle diameter of 2.5 μm to 9 μm. A laser scattering intensity is not less than 5 {%/(mg/mL)}/wt % per unit solution concentration of the graphite as measured by a particular method. 1. A styrene resin extruded foam , comprising graphite and a styrene resin ,wherein the graphite is in an amount of 0.5 to 10.0 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the styrene resin,wherein the graphite has an average particle diameter of 2.5 to 9 μm, andwherein a laser scattering intensity is not less than 5 {%/(mg/mL)}/wt % per unit solution concentration of the graphite as measured by subjecting a solution, in which the styrene resin extruded foam is dispersed in a solvent, to measurement by laser diffractometry using a laser beam with a wavelength of 632.8 nm.2. The styrene resin extruded foam according to claim 1 , wherein the laser scattering intensity per unit solution concentration of the graphite is not less than 5.5 {%/(mg/mL)}/wt %.3. The styrene resin extruded foam according to claim 1 , wherein X+Y>10 claim 1 , where X {%/(mg/ml)}/wt % is the laser scattering intensity per unit solution concentration of the graphite claim 1 , and Y (μm) is the average particle diameter of the graphite.4. The styrene resin extruded foam according to claim 1 , wherein the average particle diameter of the graphite is 3 μm to 6 μm.5. The styrene resin extruded foam according to claim 1 , wherein the graphite has a fixed carbon content of not less than 80%.6. The styrene resin extruded foam according to claim 1 , wherein an amount of a hydrofluoroolefin added as a foaming agent to 100 parts by weight of the styrene resin is 1.0 to 14.0 parts by weight.7. The styrene resin extruded foam according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrofluoroolefin is contained in an amount of 0.05 ...

Compositions and methods comprising vinylidene fluoride

This invention relates to compositions and methods which make advantageous use of vinylidene fluoride (CH2═CF2), and in particular embodiments, to heat transfer fluids and heat transfer methods, blowing agents, and thermoplastic foams which utilize vinylidene fluoride (CH2═CF2). Compositions of the present invention include from about 0.1 to about 60 percent, on a weight basis, of a co-agent and from about 99.0 to about 40 percent, on a weight basis, of vinylidene fluoride (CH2═CF2).

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and additional compounds that may be useful as refrigerants, heat transfer compositions, aerosol propellants, foaming agents, blowing agents, solvents, cleaning agents, carrier fluids, displacement drying agents, buffing abrasion agents, polymerization media, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethane, gaseous dielectrics, power cycle working fluids, extinguishing agents, and fire suppression agents in liquid or vapor form. 1. A composition comprising Z—HFO-1336mzz and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1243zf , HCC-40 , HCFO-1223 , CFC-113a , CFC-113 , CFC-11 , HFO-1429 , HFC-449 , HFC-365 , HFO-1327 , HFO-1132 , HCFC-123a , chlorobutane , ethyl benzene , o-xylene , m-xylene , p-xylene , HCFO-1334 , and HCFO-1333.2. The composition of further comprising at least one tracer compound selected from the group consisting of HFC-356 claim 1 , HCFC-123 claim 1 , HCFC-133a claim 1 , HFC-143a claim 1 , HCFO-1122 claim 1 , HCFO-1122a claim 1 , CFO-1316 claim 1 , HCFO-1335 claim 1 , HFO-1345 claim 1 , and HCFO-1326.3. The composition of comprising at least one composition selected from the group consisting of:Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and HCFO-1335;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and HFO-1345;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and HCFC-123;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and CFC-11;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, and HFO-1345;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, and HCFC-123;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, and CFC-11;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HFO-1345, and HCFC-123;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HFO-1345, and CFC-11;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, HFO-1345, and HCFC-123;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HCFO-1335, and CFC-11;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HCFO-1335, and HCFO-1334;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1345, and CFC-11;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFC-365, and HCFO-1326;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFC-365, and CFC-11;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1243zf, and HCFO-1122;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1243zf, and HCC-40;Z—HFO-1336mzz, HCFO-1122, and ...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING E-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and additional compounds that may be useful as refrigerants, heat transfer compositions, aerosol propellants, foaming agents, blowing agents, solvents, cleaning agents, carrier fluids, displacement drying agents, buffing abrasion agents, polymerization media, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethane, gaseous dielectrics, power cycle working fluids, extinguishing agents, and fire suppression agents in liquid or vapor form, and in methods for detecting leaks. 1. A composition comprising E-HFO-1336mzz and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1243zf , HCC-40 , HCFO-1223 , CFC-113a , CFC-113 , CFC-11 , HFO-1429 , HFC-449 , HFC-365 , HFO-1327 , HFO-1132 , HCFC-123a , chlorobutane , ethyl benzene , o-xylene , m-xylene , p-xylene , HCFO-1334 , and HCFO-1333.2. The composition of further comprising at least one tracer compound selected from the group consisting of HFC-356 claim 1 , HCFC-123 claim 1 , HCFC-133a claim 1 , HFC-143a claim 1 , HCFO-1122 claim 1 , HCFO-1122a claim 1 , CFO-1316 claim 1 , HCFO-1335 claim 1 , HFO-1345 claim 1 , and HCFO-1326.3. The composition of +--comprising at least one composition selected from the group consisting of:E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and HCFO-1335;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and HFO-1345;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and HCFC-123;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, and CFC-11;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, and HFO-1345;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, and HCFC-123;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, and CFC-11;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HFO-1345, and HCFC-123;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HFO-1345, and CFC-11;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1429, HCFO-1335, HFO-1345, and HCFC-123;E-HFO-1336mzz, HCFO-1335, and CFC-11;E-HFO-1336mzz, HCFO-1335, and HCFO-1334;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1345, and CFC-11;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFC-365, and HCFO-1326;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFC-365, and CFC-11;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1243zf, and HCFO-1122;E-HFO-1336mzz, HFO-1243zf, ...

Working medium and heat cycle system

To provide a working medium for heat cycle which has less influence over the ozone layer, which has less influence over global warming and which provides a heat cycle system excellent in the cycle performance (the efficiency and the capacity), and a heat cycle system excellent in the cycle performance (the efficiency and the capacity). A working medium for heat cycle comprising 1,2-difluoroethylene is employed for a heat cycle system (such as a Rankine cycle system, a heat pump cycle system, a refrigerating cycle system 10 or a heat transport system).

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING 1,1-DIFLUOROETHENE, TRIFLUOROMETHANE AND A THIRD COMPONENT

The present invention provides a composition, such as a refrigerant composition comprising 1, 1-difluoroethene (vinylidene fluoride, R-1132a); trifluoromethane (R-23); and one or more compound selected from hexafluoroethane (R-116), ethane (R-170) and carbon dioxide (R-744, CO). 1. A composition comprising:i) 1,1-difluoroethene (vinylidene fluoride, R-1132a);ii) trifluoromethane (R-23); and{'sub': '2', 'iii) one or more compound selected from hexafluoroethane (R-116), ethane (R-170) and carbon dioxide (R-744, CO).'}2. A composition according to comprising:v) 1,1-difluoroethene (vinylidene fluoride, R-1132a);vi) trifluoromethane (R-23); andvii) one or more compound selected from hexafluoroethane (R-116) and/or ethane (R-170); and{'sub': '2', 'viii) carbon dioxide (R-744, CO).'}3. A composition according to or comprising:v) 1,1-difluoroethene (vinylidene fluoride, R-1132a);vi) trifluoromethane (R-23); andvii) one or more compound selected from hexafluoroethane (R-116) and/or ethane (R-170); and{'sub': '2', 'viii) less than about 50% by weight carbon dioxide (R-744, CO).'}4. A composition according to any the preceding claims comprising from about 1 to about 98% by weight R-1132a.5. A composition according to any the preceding claims comprising from about 35 to about 95% by weight R-1132a.6. A composition according to any the preceding claims comprising from about 1 to about 98% by weight R-23.7. A composition according to any the preceding claims comprising up to about 80% by weight R-116.8. A composition according to comprising from about 1 to about 60% by weight R-116.9. A composition according to any of the preceding claims comprising from about 1 to about 40% by weight R-116 claim 7 , from about 5 to about 98% by weight R-1132a and from about 5 to about 98% by weight R-23.10. A composition according to comprising from about 1 to about 30% by weight R-116 claim 9 , from about 20 to about 90% by weight R-1132a and from about 5 to about 95% by weight R-23.11. A ...

HEAT CYCLE SYSTEM

To provide a heat cycle system with high durability, which employs a working fluid for heat cycle containing trifluoroethylene having a low global warming potential. 1. A heat cycle system , comprising a circulation path in which a working fluid for heat cycle containing trifluoroethylene is circulated from a compressor via a condenser , an expansion valve and an evaporator to the compressor ,wherein the compressor has in its electrical circuit a current-limiting apparatus capable of limiting the current within 6 milliseconds after the heat cycle system enters into an abnormal operation state.2. The heat cycle system according to claim 1 , wherein the current-limiting apparatus is capable of limiting the current within 1 millisecond after the heat cycle system enters into an abnormal operation state.3. The heat cycle system according to claim 1 , wherein the current limiting by the current-limiting apparatus is conducted by terminating a current.4. The heat cycle system according to claim 1 , wherein the current limiting is conducted by suppressing an energy which the working fluid for heat cycle receives from a spark energy generated in the heat cycle system to be 200 J or lower.5. The heat cycle system according to claim 1 , wherein the current-limiting apparatus is at least one member selected from a semiconductor protecting fuse claim 1 , a fast-acting fuse claim 1 , a fast-blow fuse and a current-limiting fuse.6. The heat cycle system according to claim 1 , wherein the working fluid for heat cycle contains trifluoroethylene in an amount of larger than 50 mass %.7. The heat cycle system according to claim 6 , wherein the working fluid for heat cycle contains trifluoroethylene in an amount of larger than 60 mass %.8. The heat cycle system according to claim 6 , wherein the working fluid for heat cycle contains from 60 to 80 mass % of trifluoroethylene and from 20 to 40 mass % of at least one of difluoromethane and 2 claim 6 ,3 claim 6 ,3 claim 6 ,3-tetrafluoro-1- ...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE AND HYDROCARBONS AND USES THEREOF

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFC-1234yf) and at least one hydrocarbon. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, and aerosol propellants. 1. A composition selected from the group consisting of compositions comprising:HFO-1234yf and cyclopropane;HFO-1234yf and propylene;HFO-1234yf, HFC-152a, and cyclopropane;HFO-1234yf, HFC-152a, and propane; andHFO-1234yf, HFC-134a, and cyclopropane.2. The composition of comprising a near-azeotropic composition comprising:about 1 weight percent to about 99 weight percent HFO-1234yf and about 99 weight percent to about 1 weight percent cyclopropane;about 1 weight percent to about 86 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 99 weight percent to about 14 weight percent propylene;about 95 weight percent to about 99 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 5 weight percent to about 1 weight percent propylene;about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-152a, and about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent cyclopropane;about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-152a, and about 20 weight percent to about 98 weight percent propane; andabout 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFO-1234yf; about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-134a, and about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent cyclopropane.3. The composition of comprising an azeotropic composition comprising:about 65.4 weight percent HFC-1234yf and about 34.6 weight percent cyclopropane at 25° C. and about 123.8 psia (kPa);about 23.9 weight percent HFO-1234yf and about 76.1 weight percent propylene at 25° C. and about 167.7 psia (kPa);about 52.6 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 11.1 ...

REFRIGERATING MACHINE WORKING FLUID COMPOSITION AND REFRIGERANT OIL

A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of the invention comprises a refrigerant comprising difluoromethane and an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon wherein a mass of the difluoromethane/the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon is 95/5 to 10/90, and a refrigerating machine oil comprising at least one base oil selected from among polyol esters with a carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 3.2 to 5.8 and polyvinyl ethers with a carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 3.2 to 5.8. 1. A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine comprising:a refrigerant comprising difluoromethane and an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon wherein a mass ratio of the difluoromethane/the unsaturated fluorinated is 95/5 to 10/90, anda refrigerating machine oil comprising at least one base oil selected from among polyol esters with a carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 3.2 to 5.8 and polyvinyl ethers with a carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 3.2 to 5.8.2. A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the total of the difluoromethane and the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon in the refrigerant is 80 mass % or greater.3. A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the mass ratio of the refrigerant/the refrigerating machine oil is 90/10 to 30/70.4. A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the mass ratio of the difluoromethane/the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon is 90/10 to 50/50.5. A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon is fluoropropene.6. A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the base oil is a polyol ester with a carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 3.2 to 5.8 claim 1 , and the polyol ester is an ester synthesized from a C4 to C9 fatty acid and a C4 to C12 polyhydric alcohol.8. A refrigerating machine oil claim 1 , comprising at least one ...

REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR SUPPRESSING DECOMPOSITION OF FLUOROHYDROCARBON

A refrigerant composition contains: hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with a GWP of 1000 or less; and pentafluoroethane. When the refrigerant composition is used in a refrigerating equipment such as an open-type automobile air-conditioner, an electric automobile air-conditioning equipment, a gas heat pump, an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a vending machine, a showcase, a water-heating system and a refrigerating/heating system, the amount of a fluorine compound generated as a result of decomposition of the refrigerant can be suppressed and thus the refrigerators can stably work for a long time. 1. A refrigerant composition , comprising:hydrofluorocarbon with a global warming potential of 1000 or lower; andpentafluoroethane.2. The refrigerant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrofluorocarbon comprises a saturated hydrofluorocarbon having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an unsaturated hydrofluorocarbon having 3 carbon atoms.3. The refrigerant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the pentafluoroethane is blended in an amount of from 0.1 mass % to 35 mass % of a total amount of the refrigerant composition.4. The refrigerant composition according to claim 1 , further comprising at least any one of carbon dioxide claim 1 , hydrocarbon having 5 or less carbon atoms claim 1 , ammonia and fluorine-containing organic compound represented by a molecular formula (A) below claim 1 ,{'br': None, 'sub': p', 'q', 'r', 's, 'COFR\u2003\u2003(A)'}where: R represents Cl, Br, I or hydrogen;p is an integer of 1 to 6;q is an integer of 0 to 2;r is an integer of 1 to 14; ands is an integer of 0 to 13with a proviso that when q is 0, p is an integer of 2 to 6 and one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds are contained in a molecule.6. The refrigerant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant composition is used with a refrigerator oil comprising a base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100 degrees C. in a range from 1 to 50 mm/s.7. The refrigerant composition according ...

PHENOL RESIN FOAM BODY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

There is disclosed a phenol resin foam which contains a phenol resin, and a foaming agent comprising at least either one of a chlorinated hydrofluoroolefin or a non-chlorinated hydrofluoroolefin. With respect to the phenol resin foam, a density is 10 kg/mor more and 150 kg/mor less, a thermal conductivity under a 10° C. environment is 0.0175 W/m·k or less, and a thermal conductivity under a 23° C. environment is 0.0185 W/m·k or less. 1. A phenol resin foam comprising a phenol resin , and a foaming agent comprising at least either one of a chlorinated hydrofluoroolefin or a non-chlorinated hydrofluoroolefin ,{'sup': 3', '3, 'having a density of 10 kg/mor more and 150 kg/mor less,'}having a thermal conductivity under a 10° C. environment of 0.0175 W/m·k or less, andhaving a thermal conductivity under a 23° C. environment of 0.0185 W/m·k or less.2. The phenol resin foam according to claim 1 , having an oxygen index of 28% by volume or more.3. The phenol resin foam according to claim 1 , having a thermal conductivity under a 10° C. environment of 0.0185 W/m·k or less after being left to stand in a 110° C. atmosphere for 14 days.4. The phenol resin foam according to claim 1 , having a closed cell ratio of 90% or more claim 1 , an average cell diameter of 50 μm or more and 200 μm or less claim 1 , and a void area ratio of 0.2% or less.5. The phenol resin foam according to claim 1 , wherein the foaming agent comprises at least one olefin selected from the group consisting of 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene claim 1 , and 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene.6. A method of producing a phenol resin foam comprising a step of foaming and curing a foamable phenol resin composition containing a phenol resin claim 1 , a surfactant claim 1 , a curing catalyst claim 1 , and a foaming agent on a ...

COMPOSITIONS AND USES OF CIS-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE

This invention relates to compositions, methods and systems having utility in numerous applications, and in particular, uses for compositions containing the compound cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (Z-HFO-1336mzzm), which has the following structure: 1. A mixture comprising the compound cis-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFOs , HFCs , HFEs , CFCs , CO2 , olefins , organic acids , alcohols , hydrocarbons , ethers , aldehydes , ketones , and others such as methyl formate , formic acid , trans-1 ,2 dichloroethylene , carbon dioxide , cis-HFO-1234ze+HFO-1225yez; mixtures of these plus water; mixtures of these plus CO2; mixtures of these trans 1 ,2-dichloroethylene (DCE); mixtures of these plus methyl formate; mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+CO2; mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+HFO-1225yez+CO2; and mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+HFC-245fa.2. (canceled)2. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the additional compound comprises one or more of the compounds selected from the group consisting of cis-HFO-1234ze; HFO-1234yf; HFO 1225ye(Z); HFO 1225ye(E); HFO1225yc; HFO-1233zd; HFC-1233xf; (CF3)2CFCH═CHF (E & Z); (CF3)2CFCH═CF2; CF3CHFC═CHF (E & Z); and (C2F5)(CF3)C═CH2.3. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the additional compound comprises one or more of the compounds selected from the group consisting of HFC-245eb; HFC-245ca; HFC-227ea; HFC-236ea; HFC-236fa; HFC-134a; HFC-134; HFC-152a; HFC-32; HFC-125; HFC-143a; HFC-365mfc; HFC-161; and HFC-43-10mee.4. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the additional compound comprises one or more of the compounds selected from the group consisting of CHF2-O—CHF2; CHF2-O—CH2F; CH2F—O—CH2F; CH2F—O—CH3; cyclo-CF2-CH2-CF2-O; cyclo-CF2-CF2-CH2-O; CHF2-O—CF2-CHF2; CF3-CF2-O—CH2F; CHF2-O—CHF—CF3; CHF2-O—CF2-CHF2; CH2F—O—CF2-CHF2; CF3-O—CF2-CH3; CHF2-CHF—O—CHF2; CF3-O—CHF—CH2F; CF3-CHF—O—CH2F; CF3-O—CH2-CHF2; CHF2-O—CH2-CF3; CH2F—CF2-O—CH2F; CHF2-O—CF2-CH3; CHF2-CF2-O—CH3; CH2F—O— ...

Compositions comprising 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane, 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropene, 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane or 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene

Disclosed are compositions comprising HCFC-243db, HCFO-1233xf, HCFC-244db and/or HFO-1234yf and at least one additional compound. For the composition comprising 1234yf, the additional compound is selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze, HFO-1243zf, HCFC-243db, HCFC-244db, HFC-245cb, HFC-245fa, HCFO-1233xf, HCFO-1233zd, HCFC-253fb, HCFC-234ab, HCFC-243fa, ethylene, HFC-23, CFC-13, HFC-143a, HFC-152a, HFC-236fa, HCO-1130, HCO-1130a, HFO-1336, HCFC-133a, HCFC-254fb, HCFC-1131, HFO-1141, HCFO-1242zf, HCFO-1223xd, HCFC-233ab, HCFC-226ba, and HFC-227ca. Compositions comprising HCFC-243db, HCFO-1233xf, and/or HCFC-244db are useful in processes to make HFO-1234yf. Compositions comprising HFO-1234yf are useful, among other uses, as heat transfer compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump systems.

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE FOAMS USING CARBON DIOXIDE AS A MAJOR BLOWING AGENT

A composition and method for making extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam is provided. The composition includes carbon dioxide as a major blowing agent to achieve an XPS foam having an improved thermal insulation performance. 1. A foamable polymeric mixture comprising:a polymer composition;a blowing agent composition, the blowing agent composition comprising carbon dioxide and at least one co-blowing agent; andat least one infrared attenuating agent.2. The foamable polymeric mixture of claim 1 , wherein the blowing agent composition comprises at least 50 molar percent carbon dioxide.3. The foamable polymeric mixture of claim 1 , wherein the at least one co-blowing agent is selected from hydrofluoroolefins claim 1 , hydrofluorocarbons claim 1 , Formacel FEA-110 claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The foamable polymeric mixture of claim 3 , wherein the at least one co-blowing agent is selected from HFC-134a claim 3 , HFC-134 claim 3 , HFC-152a claim 3 , HFO-1234ze claim 3 , HFO-1233zd claim 3 , and FEA-1100.5. The foamable polymeric mixture of claim 4 , wherein the at least one co-blowing agent is selected from HFC-134a claim 4 , HFO-1234ze claim 4 , HFO-1243zf claim 4 , and FEA-1100.6. The foamable polymeric mixture of claim 1 , wherein the at least one infrared attenuating agent comprises from about 0% to about 1% by weight of the total solids.7. The foamable polymeric mixture of claim 1 , wherein the at least one infrared attenuating agent comprises nano-graphite.8. The foamable polymer mixture of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition comprises polystyrene.9. The foamable polymer mixture of claim 1 , wherein the blowing agent composition comprises at least 50 molar percent carbon dioxide and less than 50 molar percent FEA-1100.10. A method of manufacturing extruded polymeric foam comprising:introducing a polymer composition into a screw extruder to form a polymeric melt;injecting a blowing agent composition into the polymeric melt to form a foamable polymeric material, ...

COMPOSITIONS OF CHLORO-TRIFLUOROPROPENE AND HEXAFLUOROBUTENE

Provided are compositions, preferably azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions including 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and chlorotrifluoropropene, particularly 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd), and uses thereof of the compositions. The composition may be a heat transfer composition. The composition may be a blowing agent composition. The composition may be a solvent composition. The composition may be a sprayable composition. 113-. (canceled)14. A blowing agent comprising trans-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and 2-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene.15. The blowing agent according to claim 14 , comprising from 1 to 99% by weight of trans-1 claim 14 ,1 claim 14 ,1 claim 14 ,4 claim 14 ,4 claim 14 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from 1 to 99% by weight of 2-chloro-3 claim 14 ,3 claim 14 ,3-trifluoropropene.16. The blowing agent according to claim 14 , comprising from 60 to 99% by weight of trans-1 claim 14 ,1 claim 14 ,1 claim 14 ,4 claim 14 ,4 claim 14 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from 1 to 40% by weight of 2-chloro-3 claim 14 ,3 claim 14 ,3-trifluoropropene.17. The blowing agent according to claim 14 , comprising from 1 to 30% by weight of trans-1 claim 14 ,1 claim 14 ,1 claim 14 ,4 claim 14 ,4 claim 14 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from 70 to 99% by weight of 2-chloro-3 claim 14 ,3 claim 14 ,3-trifluoropropene.18. The blowing agent according to claim 14 , wherein the composition is azeotropic or azeotrope-like.19. A foamable composition comprising the blowing agent of and one or more components capable of reacting and foaming under conditions to form a foam or cellular structure.20. A method of forming foam comprising reacting and foaming the foamable composition of to form a foam.21. A solvent comprising trans-1 claim 19 ,1 claim 19 ,1 claim 19 ,4 claim 19 ,4 claim 19 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and 2-chloro-3 claim 19 ,3 claim 19 ,3-trifluoropropene.22. The solvent according to claim 21 , comprising from 1 to 99% by weight of trans-1 claim 21 ,1 claim 21 ,1 ...

Working Fluids Comprising Fluorinated Olefins / Fluorinated Saturated Hydrocarbon Blends and Polyol Esters

Working fluids comprising a refrigerant blend comprising a fluorinated alkane and a fluorinated olefin refrigerant, and a polyol ester lubricant composition comprising a mixture of alkylcarboxy esters of mono-pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol, tri-pentaerythritol and pentaerythritol oligomers, wherein at least 10 wt % of all polyol esters are esters of pentaerythritol oligomers of 4 or more pentaerythritol monomer groups. 1. A working fluid comprising:i) a refrigerant blend comprising from 80 to 60% by weight, based on the weight of the refrigerant blend, of fluorinated alkane and from 20 to 40% by weight of a fluorinated olefin, and [{'sub': '5-10', 'a) from about 30 to about 85 wt % Calkylcarboxy esters of pentaerythritol,'}, {'sub': '5-10', 'b) from about 1 to about 20 wt % Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol,'}, {'sub': '5-10', 'c) from about 1 to about 10 wt % Calkylcarboxy esters of tri-pentaerythritol, and'}, {'sub': 5-10', '5-10', '5', '5-10, 'd) from about 10 to about 45 wt % Calkylcarboxy esters of pentaerythritol oligomers of 4 or more pentaerythritol monomer groups, based on the weight of all polyol esters in the lubricant, and wherein 60 mole % or more of all the Calkylcarboxy esters are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters, and 20-60% of the Calkylcarboxy esters are branched.'}], 'ii) a polyol ester lubricant composition having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from 32 to 120 cSt and a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of from 5 to 20 cSt, comprising2. The working fluid according to wherein the polyol ester lubricant composition has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from 40 to 140 cSt.3. The working fluid according to wherein the polyol ester lubricant composition comprises:{'sub': '5-10', 'a) from about 30 to about 55 wt % Calkylcarboxy esters of pentaerythritol,'}{'sub': '5-10', 'b) from about 1 to about 20 wt % Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol,'}{'sub': '5-10', 'c) from about 1 to about 10 wt % Calkylcarboxy esters of tri ...

TETRAFLUOROPROPENE COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a tetrafluoropropene and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents. 1. A composition selected from the group consisting of compositions comprising:HFO-1234yf, HFC-125, and HFC-152a;HFO-1234yf, HFC-125, and HFC-134a;HFO-1234yf, HFC-32, and HFC-134a;HFO-1234yf, HFC-32, HFC-125, and HFC-134a;HFO-1234ze and HFC-125;HFO-1234ze, HFC-125, and HFC-152a;HFO-1234ze, HFC-125, and HFC-134a;HFO-1234ze, HFC-32, and HFC-134a; andHFO-1234ze, HFC-32, HFC-125, and HFC-134a.2. The composition of comprising a composition selected from:about 80 weight percent to about 99 weight percent trans-HFO-1234ze and from about 20 weight percent to about 1 weight percent HFC-125.3. The composition of comprising a near-azeotropic composition comprising:about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-152a, and about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-125;about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-125, and about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-134a;about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 1 weight percent to about 4 weight percent HFC-32, and about 1 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-134a;about 1 weight percent to about 55 weight percent HFO-1234yf; about 45 weight percent to about 98 weight percent HFC-32, and about 1 weight percent to about 55 weight percent HFC-134a;about 1 weight percent to about 97 weight percent HFO-1234yf, about 1 weight percent to about 97 weight percent HFC-134a, about 1 weight percent to about 97 weight percent HFC-125, and ...

AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS OF Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE AND E-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE AND USES THEREOF

Azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics. Also disclosed is a foam-forming composition containing such azeotrope-like composition and an active hydrogen-containing compound having two or more active hydrogens. 1. An azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of:(a) Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene; and(b) E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene; wherein the E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene is present in an effective amount to form an azeotrope-like combination with the Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene.2. A process for preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam comprising using the azeotrope-like composition of as a blowing agent.3. A process for producing refrigeration comprising condensing the azeotrope-like composition of and thereafter evaporating said azeotrope-like composition in the vicinity of the body to be cooled.4. A process comprising using the azeotrope-like composition of as a solvent.5. A process for producing an aerosol product comprising using the azeotrope-like composition of as a propellant.6. A process comprising using the azeotrope-like composition of as a heat transfer media.7. A process for extinguishing or suppressing a ...

AEROSOL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING FLUORINE SUBSTITUTED OLEFINS AND METHODS AND SYSTEMS USING SAME

Various compositions, including particularly aerosol compositions, containing fluorinated olefins, including particularly tetra- and penta-fluoropropenes, in a variety of applications are disclosed. 1. An aerosol comprising at least one fluoroalkene of Formula I:{'br': None, 'sub': z', '3-z, 'XCFR\u2003\u2003(I)'}{'sub': 1', '2', '3', '4', '5, 'where X is a C, C, C, C, or Cunsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted radical, each R is independently Cl, F, Br, I or H, and z is 1 to 3.'}2. The aerosol of wherein X is a substituted Cradical.3. The aerosol of having a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of not greater than about 1000.5. The aerosol of wherein Y is CF.6. The aerosol of wherein at least one R on the unsaturated terminal carbon is H.7. The aerosol of wherein n is 0.8. The aerosol of wherein n is 0.9. The aerosol of wherein Y is CFand n is 0.10. The aerosol of wherein said at least one fluoroalkene comprises at least one tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234).11. The aerosol of wherein said at least one tetrafluoropropene is HFO-1234ze.12. The aerosol of consisting essentially of one or more compounds in accordance with Formula (I).13. A sprayable composition comprising the aerosol of .14. The sprayable composition of further comprising material to be sprayed.15. The sprayable composition of wherein said material to be sprayed comprises at least one cosmetic material.16. The sprayable composition of wherein said at least one cosmetic material is selected from the group consisting of deodorants claim 15 , perfumes claim 15 , hair sprays claim 15 , cleaning solvents claim 15 , lubricants and combinations of these.17. The sprayable composition of wherein said material to be sprayed comprises at least one medicinal material.18. The sprayable composition of wherein said at least one medicinal material comprises a biologically active substance.19. The sprayable composition of wherein said at least one medicinal material comprises a drug.20. The sprayable composition of wherein ...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS COMPRISING VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

This invention relates to compositions and methods which make advantageous use of vinylidene fluoride (CH═CF), and in particular embodiments, to heat transfer fluids and heat transfer methods, blowing agents, and thermoplastic foams which utilize vinylidene fluoride (CH═CF). Compositions of the present invention include from about 0.1 to about 60 percent, on a weight basis, of a co-agent and from about 99.0 to about 40 percent, on a weight basis, of vinylidene fluoride (CH═CF).

Systems for efficient heating and/or cooling and having low climate change impact

The present invention relates, in part, to heat transfer systems, methods and compositions which utilize a heat transfer fluid comprising: (a) from about or greater than about 0% to about 15% by weight of HCFO-1233zd; (b) from about 65% to less than about 100% by weight of HFO-1234ze, or HFO-1234yf, or combinations thereof; and (c) from greater than about 0% to about 20% by weight of HFC-125, with the weight percent being based on the total of the components (a)-(c) in the composition.

COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING FLUORINE SUBSTITUTED OLEFINS AND METHODS AND SYSTEMS USING SAME

Disclosed are the use of fluorine substituted olefins, including tetra- and penta-fluoropropenes, in a variety of applications, including in methods of depositing catalyst on a solid support, methods of sterilizing articles, cleaning methods and compositions, methods of applying medicaments, fire extinguishing/suppression compositions and methods, flavor formulations, fragrance formulations and inflating agents.

Foams And Foamable Compositions Containing Halogenated Olefin Blowing Agents

The invention provides foam forming methods that comprise: (a) preparing a foamable system comprising at least one hydrohaloolefin; and (b) ensuring either (i) the substantial absence of long-term decomposition-inducing contact between said hydrofluoroolefin and an amine-containing catalyst; (ii) that an effective amount of surfactant is available in the system under conditions which prevent long term exposure of the surfactant to a long-term decomposition reaction environment; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii). Related methods, foamable systems and foams are also disclosed. Preferred embodiments provide polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams and methods for the preparation thereof, including closed-celled, polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams and methods for their preparation. The preferred foams are characterized by a fine uniform cell structure and little or no foam collapse. The foams are preferably produced with a polyol premix composition which comprises a combination of a hydrohaloolefin blowing agent, a polyol, a silicone surfactant, a catalyst and is further characterized by being substantially free of added water. 1. A foam forming method comprising:(a) preparing a foamable system comprising at least one hydrohaloolefin; and(b) ensuring (i) substantial absence of long-term decomposition-inducing contact between said hydrofluoroolefin and an amine-containing catalyst; or (ii) that an effective amount of surfactant is available in the system under conditions to prevent long term exposure of the surfactant to a long-term decomposition reaction environment; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii).2. The method of wherein said foamable system comprises an A side comprising a polyisocyanate and a B side comprising a polyol that is reactive with said polyisocyanate.3. The method of wherein said B side further comprises a catalytically effective amount of the amine-containing catalyst and hydrohaloolefin claim 2 , which is generally decomposition reactive ...

AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS OF CIS-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE

This invention relates to azeotrope-like compositions, methods and systems having utility in numerous applications, and in particular, uses for azeotrope-like compositions comprising effective amounts of the compound cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (Z-HFO-1336mzzm), which has the following structure: 1. An azeotrope-like composition comprising effective amounts of from greater than zero to about 99 wt % of water and from about 1 wt % to less than 100 wt % of the compound cis-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (Z-HFO-1336mzzm) water.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The azeotrope-like composition of comprising effective amounts of from greater than zero to about 50 wt % of water and from about 50 wt % to less than 100 wt % of Z-HFO-1336mzzm.7. The azeotrope-like composition of comprising effective amounts of from greater than zero to about 10 wt % of water and from about 90 wt % to less than 100 wt % of Z-HFO-1336mzzm.8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. A blowing agent comprising an azeotrope-like composition of .14. A method of forming a foam comprising adding to a foamable composition a blowing agent comprising an azeotrope-like composition of .15. A premix of a polyol and a blowing agent wherein the blowing agent comprises an azeotrope-like composition of .16. A closed cell foam prepared by foaming a foamable composition in the presence of a blowing agent comprising the azeotrope-like composition of .17. The closed cell foam of wherein said foamable composition comprises polyurethane claim 15 , polyisocyanurate claim 15 , polystyrene claim 15 , polyethylene claim 15 , and mixtures thereof.18. A refrigerant composition comprising an azeotrope-like composition of .19. A refrigeration system comprising a refrigerant composition of .20. A method for cooling an article which comprises evaporating a refrigerant composition of in the vicinity of the article to be cooled.21. A method for heating an article ...

BINARY REFRIGERATING APPARATUS

A binary refrigerating apparatus employs a refrigerant composition that has a small global-warming potential (GWP) to be earth friendly, can be used as a refrigerant capable of achieving a low temperature of −80° C., and is excellent in refrigerating capacity and other performance. A refrigerant composition used as a low-temperature-side refrigerant is a refrigerant mixture including a non-azeotropic mixture in which 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is mixed to difluoroethylene (R1132a). A refrigerant composition used as a high-temperature-side refrigerant is a combination of: a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and 1,1,3-trifluoro ethane (R143a); and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropentene (HFO-1234ze), having a global-warming potential (GWP) of 1500 or less.

HEAT-TRANSFER FLUIDS HAVING REDUCED FLAMMABILITY

The invention relates to a method for cooling or heating a fluid or a body by means of a vapour compression circuit containing a heat transfer fluid, said circuit being at least partially contained in an enclosure, and the relative humidity of the air in the enclosure being less than or equal to a threshold value Hwhich is less than 50%, the flammability of the heat transfer fluid at relative humidity Hbeing less than the flammability of the heat transfer fluid at 50% relative humidity. 126.-. (canceled)27. A method for reducing the GWP of an initial heat transfer fluid comprising at least one first heat transfer compound and a second heat transfer compound , the first heat transfer compound having a GWP greater than the GWP of the second heat transfer compound , said method comprising:modification of the composition of the initial heat transfer fluid in order to provide a modified heat transfer fluid, said modification comprising increasing the proportion by mass of the second heat transfer compound and reducing the proportion by mass of the first heat transfer compound in the heat transfer fluid;{'sub': 1', '1', '1, 'wherein the modified heat transfer fluid exhibits a flammability at a relative humidity H, Hbeing less than 45%, which is less than or equal to the flammability of the initial heat transfer fluid at 50% relative humidity, wherein the modified heat transfer fluid is used at a relative humidity less than or equal to a threshold value H, which is less than 45%.'}28. The method according to claim 27 , wherein:{'sub': z', '3-z', '2', '3', '4, 'the first heat transfer compound is a fluoroolefin of formula XCFR, wherein X is a substituted or unsubstituted, unsaturated C, Cor Calkyl radical, each R is independently Cl, F, Br, I or H and z is an integer from 1 to 3; and'}the second heat transfer compound is a hydrocarbon, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon, a hydrofluorocarbon, a fluoroether, a hydrocarbon ether or ammonia.29. The method according to claim 28 , wherein ...

Acrylic block copolymers for aerosols and aerosol adhesives

An aerosol is described comprising a composition comprising an acrylic block copolymer, a solvent, and a propellant. An article is described comprising the aerosol contained within a pressurized containment vessel comprising a valve. An aerosol mist is also described comprising droplets of an adhesive composition, wherein the adhesive composition comprises an acrylic block copolymer, a glass transition temperature modifier, and optionally an additive.

COMPOSITIONS AND USES OF CIS-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE

This invention relates to compositions, methods and systems having utility in numerous applications, and in particular, uses for compositions containing the compound cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (Z-HFO-1336mzzm), which has the following structure: 130-. (canceled)31. A method for providing refrigeration comprising:(a) providing a centrifugal chiller system comprising a centrifugal compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and a refrigerant in said system, said refrigerant consisting essentially of from about 70% to about 99% by weight of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from about 1% by weight to about 30% by weight of trans-1,2 dichloroethylene; and(b) operating said system to provide cooling.32. The method of wherein said refrigerant consists essentially of from about 75% to about 99% by weight of cis-1 claim 31 ,1 claim 31 ,1 claim 31 ,4 claim 31 ,4 claim 31 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from about 1% by weight to about 25% by weight of trans-1 claim 31 ,2 dichloroethylene.33. The method of wherein said refrigerant consists of from about 70% to about 99% by weight of cis-1 claim 31 ,1 claim 31 ,1 claim 31 ,4 claim 31 ,4 claim 31 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from about 1% by weight to about 30% by weight of trans-1 claim 31 ,2 dichloroethylene.34. The method of wherein said refrigerant consists of from about 75% to about 99% by weight of cis-1 claim 31 ,1 claim 31 ,1 claim 31 ,4 claim 31 ,4 claim 31 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and from about 1% by weight to about 25% by weight of trans-1 claim 31 ,2 dichloroethylene.35. The method of wherein said refrigerant consists of about 75% of cis-1 claim 34 ,1 claim 34 ,1 claim 34 ,4 claim 34 ,4 claim 34 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and about 25% by weight of trans-1 claim 34 ,2 dichloroethylene.36. The method of wherein said centrifugal chiller system is part of a commercial air conditioning system.37. The method of wherein said operating step (b) comprises operating said condenser at a temperature of about 40° C.38. The method ...

REFRIGERANTS WITH REDUCED FLAMMABILITY PROFILE

The present disclosure is directed to refrigerant compositions having reduced flammability profiles. The reduced flammability refrigerants comprise a refrigerant and an additive. Also disclosed are methods of increasing the minimum ignition energy of a refrigerant and methods of increasing the lower flammability limit of a refrigerant. The present disclosure is also directed to a method of scavenging radicals in a refrigerant. 1. A refrigerant composition , comprising a refrigerant and a flammability-reducing additive.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the additive is a radical scavenging additive.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is a dilution additive.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is a halogenated hydrocarbon compound.5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the additive is an organometallic compound claim 1 , an organophosphorus compound claim 1 , a halogenated sulfur compound claim 1 , or a mono or multi sulfides compound.6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the additive is limonene oxide claim 1 , Alpha-methylstyrene claim 1 , p-methoxyphenol claim 1 , 4-Cert-butylcatechol or 2 claim 1 ,6-di-tertbutylphenol.7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least two additives.8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least three additives.9. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least two refrigerants.10. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least three refrigerants.11. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant is a Class 2L claim 1 , Class 2 claim 1 , or Class 3 refrigerant.12. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant is a Class 2L refrigerant.13. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant comprises one or more of R-32 claim 1 , HFO-1234yf claim 1 , HFO-1234ze claim 1 , and HFC- ...

COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING DIFLUOROMETHANE AND FLUORINE SUBSTITUTED OLEFINS

Compositions comprising multi-fluorinated olefins and HFC-32 are disclosed. Such compositions are useful particularly for in stationary refrigeration and air conditioning equipment. 1. A refrigerant consisting essentially of:(a) from 70% to 80% by weight of 1234yf; and(b) from 20% to 30% by weight of R-32.2. The refrigerant of consisting of:(a) from 70% to 80% by weight of 1234yf; and(b) from 20% to 30% by weight of R-32.3. An air conditioning system comprising the refrigerant of .4. An air conditioning system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.5. A stationary air conditioning system comprising the refrigerant of .6. A stationary air conditioning system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.7. A low temperature refrigeration system comprising the refrigerant of .8. An low temperature refrigeration system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.9. A medium temperature refrigeration system comprising the refrigerant of .10. A medium temperature refrigeration system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.11. A refrigerant consisting essentially of:(a) about 80% by weight of 1234yf; and(b) about 20% by weight of R-32.12. An air conditioning system comprising the refrigerant of .13. An air conditioning system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.14. A stationary air conditioning system comprising the refrigerant of .15. A stationary air conditioning system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.16. A low temperature refrigeration system comprising the refrigerant of .17. An low temperature refrigeration system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.18. A medium temperature refrigeration system comprising the refrigerant of .19. A medium temperature refrigeration system according to wherein said system was a system for use with R-404A.20. The refrigerant of consisting of:(a) about ...

Detergent composition and aerosol composition of same

A novel detergent composition and an aerosol composition are nonflammable, has little hazard of ignition or risk during fire, and do not require a hazardous material storage warehouse, and which are not subject to legal restrictions with respect to amounts that may be stored when the detergent composition is to be used in large quantities, and which moreover are of low toxicity, and which while having properties such that the environmental impact thereof in terms of depletion of the ozone layer and so forth is small, as well as washability and drying characteristics equivalent to those of conventional detergent compositions which are used as brake cleaner, and have very little tendency to attack rubber and/or resin, a detergent composition and an aerosol composition of same are made to contain (Z)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and C4F9OCH3, C3F7OCH3, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)ethane, or other such HFE-type nonflammable fluorinated-type solvent.