Настройки

Укажите год
-

Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

Подробнее
-

Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

Подробнее

Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Укажите год
Укажите год

Применить Всего найдено 6555. Отображено 100.
10-05-2016 дата публикации

Мобильная пиролизная машина

Номер: RU0000161831U1

1. Мобильная пиролизная машина, содержащая сушильный шнековый реактор, пиролизный шнековый реактор, шнековый реактор охлаждения твердых продуктов пиролиза, реактор охлаждения и конденсации парогазовой смеси углеводородов и вытяжной вентилятор, отличающаяся тем, что сушильный шнековый реактор и пиролизный шнековый реактор смонтированы на собственных металлических рамах и совмещены между собой с помощью фланцевых соединений, шнековый реактор охлаждения твердых продуктов пиролиза совмещен с пиролизным шнековым реактором посредством фланцевого соединения, реактор охлаждения и конденсации парогазовой смеси углеводородов выполнен в виде трубчатого теплообменника и установлен над пиролизным шнековым реактором на его раме, вытяжной вентилятор установлен в середине сушильного шнекового реактора и совмещен с ним посредством фланцевого соединения.2. Машина по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что сушильный шнековый реактор, пиролизный шнековый реактор и шнековый реактор охлаждения совмещены последовательно в одну линию в горизонтальной плоскости для беспрерывного перемещения сырья от приемного бункера сушильного шнекового реактора до выгрузки охлажденных твердых продуктов пиролиза на конце шнекового реактора охлаждения. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C10B 53/00 (13) 161 831 U1 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ТИТУЛЬНЫЙ (21)(22) Заявка: ЛИСТ ОПИСАНИЯ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ 2015139238/05, 16.09.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 16.09.2015 (72) Автор(ы): Клеймёнов Александр Филиппович (RU) (73) Патентообладатель(и): Клеймёнов Александр Филиппович (RU) R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 16.09.2015 (45) Опубликовано: 10.05.2016 Бюл. № 13 1 6 1 8 3 1 R U (57) Формула полезной модели 1. Мобильная пиролизная машина, содержащая сушильный шнековый реактор, пиролизный шнековый реактор, шнековый реактор охлаждения твердых продуктов пиролиза, реактор охлаждения и конденсации парогазовой смеси углеводородов и вытяжной ...

Подробнее
10-11-2016 дата публикации

Устройство для переработки отходов

Номер: RU0000165744U1

1. Устройство для переработки отходов, содержащее объединенные в технологическую цепочку загрузочный бункер, пиролизную и выходную камеры, причем пиролизная камера выполнена в виде корпуса с размещенным в нем металлическим шнеком с регулируемым приводом и с камерой подвода горячих газов к корпусу, отличающееся тем, что оно снабжено источником охлаждающего агента, а шнек выполнен с цилиндрической осевой полостью с входным и выходным патрубками, соединенными в цепь с источником охлаждающего агента с возможностью прокачки охлаждающего агента через полость.2. Устройство для переработки отходов по п. 1, отличающееся тем, чтоD≤0,1D,где D- диаметр цилиндрической полости шнека;D- диаметр вала шнека. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 165 744 U1 (51) МПК F23G 5/027 (2006.01) C10J 3/00 (2006.01) B09B 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ТИТУЛЬНЫЙ (21)(22) Заявка: ЛИСТ ОПИСАНИЯ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ 2016107422/03, 01.03.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 01.03.2016 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Берлин Игорь Александрович (RU), Татаринов Николай Александрович (RU), Титов Петр Михайлович (RU) (45) Опубликовано: 10.11.2016 Бюл. № 31 1 6 5 7 4 4 R U (57) Формула полезной модели 1. Устройство для переработки отходов, содержащее объединенные в технологическую цепочку загрузочный бункер, пиролизную и выходную камеры, причем пиролизная камера выполнена в виде корпуса с размещенным в нем металлическим шнеком с регулируемым приводом и с камерой подвода горячих газов к корпусу, отличающееся тем, что оно снабжено источником охлаждающего агента, а шнек выполнен с цилиндрической осевой полостью с входным и выходным патрубками, соединенными в цепь с источником охлаждающего агента с возможностью прокачки охлаждающего агента через полость. 2. Устройство для переработки отходов по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что Dп≤0,1Dв, где Dп - диаметр цилиндрической полости шнека; Dв - диаметр вала шнека. Стр.: 1 U 1 U 1 (54) УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ...

Подробнее
28-03-2017 дата публикации

ЛАБОРАТОРНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО БЫСТРОГО ПИРОЛИЗА УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ОТХОДОВ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ

Номер: RU0000169695U1

Лабораторное устройство быстрого пиролиза углеродсодержащих отходов растительного происхождения предназначено для переработки отходов растительного происхождения (костры льна, соломы и ботвы сельскохозяйственных культур, лузги риса, овса, проса, гречки, пшена, злаковых культур, скорлупы орехов, фрезерного торфа, древесных опилок различных сортов древесины) быстрым пиролизом с получением жидких и газообразных топлив и углеродных сорбентов. Лабораторное устройство быстрого пиролиза углеродсодержащих отходов растительного происхождения состоит из механически соединенных между собой и закрепленных на металлическом каркасе блока загрузки сырья и реактора пиролиза с выгрузным бункером для твердого остатка, расположенным под реактором симметрично его вертикальной оси. Блок загрузки сырья выполнен в виде загрузочного бункера с шнековым питателем, расположенным под углом 132÷137° к вертикальной оси реактора пиролиза и жестко соединенным с ним. В нижней части загрузочного бункера устроен кран загрузки сырья. Реактор пиролиза выполнен в виде шнекового вертикального реактора, помещенного в контактную трубчатую электропечь. Использование лабораторного устройства быстрого пиролиза углеродсодержащих отходов растительного происхождения обеспечивает многофункциональность, возможность точного регулирования параметров работы устройства, а также наиболее полное использование исходного сырья. И 1 169695 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ ВУ” 169 695” 44 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ПОЛЕЗНУЮ МОДЕЛЬ ММ9К Досрочное прекращение действия патента из-за неуплаты в установленный срок пошлины за поддержание патента в силе Дата прекращения действия патента: 28.07.2019 Дата внесения записи в Государственный реестр: 20.04.2020 Дата публикации и номер бюллетеня: 20.04.2020 Бюл. №11 Стр.: 1 па <69691 ЕП

Подробнее
20-12-2018 дата публикации

Отопительное устройство

Номер: RU0000185863U1

Полезная модель относится к теплоэнергетике, в частности - к отопительным устройствам на твердом биотопливе. Решаемой задачей является устойчивое и экологически чистое сжигание древесины высокой влажности. Указанный результат достигается тем, что камера дожигания размещена внутри камеры газификации (камеры первичного горения), дожигание продуктов водо-угольной газификации производится в вихревой горелке, при этом камера газификации ни в одной точке не имеет контакта с относительно холодным теплоносителем (водой). РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 185 863 U1 (51) МПК F23B 10/00 (2011.01) F23G 5/027 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F23B 10/00 (2018.08); F23G 5/027 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018122160, 15.06.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): Солонин Марк Семенович (RU) Дата регистрации: 20.12.2018 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2018052337 A1, 22.03.2018. RU 2175421 C1, 27.10.2001. RU 2379586 C1, 20.01.2010. RU 164691 U1, 10.09.2016. EP 2821698 A1, 07.01.2015. (45) Опубликовано: 20.12.2018 Бюл. № 35 Адрес для переписки: 443110, г. Самара, ул. Челюскинцев, 12, кв. 138, Солонину М.С. 1 8 5 8 6 3 R U Стр.: 1 размещена внутри камеры газификации (камеры первичного горения), дожигание продуктов водоугольной газификации производится в вихревой горелке, при этом камера газификации ни в одной точке не имеет контакта с относительно холодным теплоносителем (водой). U 1 (54) ОТОПИТЕЛЬНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к теплоэнергетике, в частности - к отопительным устройствам на твердом биотопливе. Решаемой задачей является устойчивое и экологически чистое сжигание древесины высокой влажности. Указанный результат достигается тем, что камера дожигания 1 8 5 8 6 3 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 15.06.2018 U 1 R U 15.06.2018 (72) Автор(ы): Солонин Марк Семенович (RU) U 1 U 1 1 8 5 8 6 3 1 8 5 8 6 3 ...

Подробнее
06-07-2021 дата публикации

АППАРАТ ДЛЯ ПИРОЛИЗА УГЛЕРОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

Номер: RU0000205264U1

Полезная модель относится к области термической переработки углеродных материалов, преимущественно углей, и может быть использована при получении полукокса, углеродных адсорбентов, газификации угля. Аппарат для пиролиза углеродного материала, содержащий вертикальный цилиндрический корпус с системами дозированной загрузки исходного материала и подачи воздуха (газообразного окислителя), разгрузки твердого продукта пиролиза, расположенными соответственно, в верхней и нижней частях корпуса, устройство отвода газообразного агента в средней части корпуса, запальное устройство, отличающийся тем, что система разгрузки выполнена в виде шнека с герметичным затвором, а нижняя часть корпуса снабжена паровым коллектором, гидравлически связанным с внутренней полостью корпуса, при этом диаметр внутренней полости корпуса в зоне ввода водяного пара ступенчато больше диаметра верхней и средней частей корпуса. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 205 264 U1 (51) МПК C10B 49/02 (2006.01) C10G 1/00 (2006.01) C10B 7/10 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10B 49/02 (2021.02); C10G 1/00 (2021.02); C10B 7/10 (2021.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2021103754, 15.02.2021 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 06.07.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 06.07.2021 Бюл. № 19 (54) АППАРАТ ДЛЯ ПИРОЛИЗА УГЛЕРОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к области соответственно, в верхней и нижней частях термической переработки углеродных корпуса, устройство отвода газообразного агента материалов, преимущественно углей, и может в средней части корпуса, запальное устройство, быть использована при получении полукокса, отличающийся тем, что система разгрузки углеродных адсорбентов, газификации угля. выполнена в виде шнека с герметичным затвором, Аппарат для пиролиза углеродного материала, а нижняя часть корпуса снабжена паровым содержащий вертикальный цилиндрический коллектором, гидравлически связанным с ...

Подробнее
13-09-2021 дата публикации

УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ПИРОЛИЗА УГЛЯ

Номер: RU0000206450U1

Полезная модель относится к области к термической переработке углеродных материалов, преимущественно углей, и может быть использована при получении полукокса, углеродных адсорбентов, газификации угля. Установка для непрерывного пиролиза угля с получением твердого продукта и газообразных продуктов, включающая вертикальный цилиндрический корпус, системы подачи исходного сырья, подвода воздушного дутья, отвода газообразных и твердых продуктов пиролиза, зажигательного устройства, система подачи исходного сырья представлена бункером с подающим шнеком и винтовым шнеком, расположенным в нижней части корпуса, с регулируемым приводом, длина которого не меньше двух внутренних диаметров корпуса, при этом система отвода газообразных продуктов пиролиза оборудована холодильником с водяным затвором. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 206 450 U1 (51) МПК C10B 3/00 (2006.01) C10B 7/10 (2006.01) C10B 49/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10B 3/00 (2021.02); C10B 7/10 (2021.02); C10B 49/02 (2021.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2020140424, 08.12.2020 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 13.09.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 13.09.2021 Бюл. № 26 (54) УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ПИРОЛИЗА УГЛЯ (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к области к отвода газообразных и твердых продуктов термической переработке углеродных пиролиза, зажигательного устройства, система материалов, преимущественно углей, и может подачи исходного сырья представлена бункером быть использована при получении полукокса, с подающим шнеком и винтовым шнеком, углеродных адсорбентов, газификации угля. расположенным в нижней части корпуса, с Установка для непрерывного пиролиза угля регулируемым приводом, длина которого не с получением твердого продукта и газообразных меньше двух внутренних диаметров корпуса, при продуктов, включающая вертикальный этом система отвода газообразных продуктов цилиндрический корпус, системы подачи ...

Подробнее
30-11-2021 дата публикации

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ТЕРМИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО МАТЕРИАЛА

Номер: RU0000208051U1

Полезная модель относится к устройству для термической переработки углеродсодержащего материала, такого как уголь различной фракционности и влажности, измельченные утильные шины, измельченные бытовые отходы, опилки и древесная стружка и т.п., для преобразования его в ценные продукты, включая горючие газы и/или твердый углеродистый остаток, например кокс, полукокс или сорбент. Техническим результатом заявленной полезной модели является обеспечение длительной работы устройства для термической переработки углеродсодержащего материала посредством воздушной газификации углеродсодержащего материала. Устройство для термической переработки углеродсодержащего материала содержит наклонную реакционную камеру 1, соединенную с наклонным шнековым питателем 2 и вертикальным накопителем твердого остатка 3. На крышке 4 вертикального накопителя твердого остатка 3 установлен люк 5 для розжига углеродсодержащего материала в наклонной реакционной камере 1. Под крышкой 4 в верхней части корпуса вертикального накопителя твердого остатка 3 выполнено выпускное отверстие, соединенное с патрубком выхода полученного газа 7. Нижний торец вертикального накопителя твердого остатка 3 соединен с механизмом выгрузки твердого остатка 9. Наклонный шнековый питатель 2 содержит цилиндрический корпус 10, внутри которого с возможностью вращения установлен шнек 11 с полым валом 13 для подачи дутьевого воздуха в наклонную реакционную камеру, кинематически связанный с соответствующим приводным механизмом 12. Наклонная реакционная камера 1 оснащена рубашкой охлаждения 16, вертикальный накопитель твердого остатка 3 оснащен рубашкой охлаждения 17, а крышка 4 вертикального накопителя твердого остатка 3 оснащена рубашкой охлаждения 18. 1 ил.

Подробнее
02-02-2012 дата публикации

System and Method for Obtaining Clean Coal Tars from Pyrolized Coal and Biomass

Номер: US20120024204A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A system and method for collecting hot coal tar gases emanating from a coal containing pyrolytic kiln are described. The hot coal tar gases, comprising a variety of different hydrocarbons as well as inorganic gases arising from the kiln thermal processing are transferred by diffusion and forced convection to a thermal duct in which the temperature is controlled to be maintained at a temperature below that of the kiln. The gaseous hydrocarbon with the highest condensation temperature is the first to liquefy. Additional useful hydrocarbons liquefy as the temperature of the gas continues to cool from the kiln temperature of ˜5000 C to one approaching the minimum duct temperature, ˜175° C. After a number of desirable hydrocarbons present in the coal tar gas have liquefied, the liquid contents are collected, either separately or as a combination of liquid hydrocarbons. The several remaining inorganic and some hydrocarbons gases with condensation temperatures below the minimum duct temperature are separately collected in gaseous form for further processing and/or safe disposal.

Подробнее
16-02-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas

Номер: US20120036778A1
Автор: Sergii Y. Stryzhak
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process.

Подробнее
23-02-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for the energy densification of a material in the form of divided solids, with a view to obtaining pyrolysis oils for energy purposes

Номер: US20120043194A1
Принадлежит: LEPEZ CONSEILS FINANCE INNOVATIONS LCFI

A method and installation for energy densification of a material to obtain pyrolytic oils for energy. The method includes preconditioning the material by heating and drying to raise the material temperature close to 100° C. and a relative humidity not exceeding about 10%; pyrolyzing the material that is subsequently caused to flow through a substantially hermetic reactor containing at least one transfer screw or vibrating tube heated by the Joule effect, the material heated progressively in the range of 300° C. to 850° C., the electrical power passing through the transfer screw or the vibrating tube for providing heating regulated as a function of the material in order to obtain the desired temperature level during the transit time of the material through the reactor; extracting pyrolysis gas from a high portion of the reactor for rapid recondensation in a vertical condenser; and recovering pyrolytic oils from a low portion of the vertical condenser.

Подробнее
05-04-2012 дата публикации

Dry Distillation and Gasification Typed Incinerator

Номер: US20120079970A1
Автор: Masamoto Kaneko
Принадлежит: Kinsei Sangyo Co Ltd

Provided is a dry distillation and gasification typed incinerator capable of saving time and fuels required for combustion aid. In a first phase when a waste material A stored in a dry distillation furnace 1 is ignited till a fire bed is formed, the dry distillation and gasification typed incinerator supplies air to the dry distillation furnace 1 through an air supply passage 13 . When the waste material A is in a continuous combustion state (a second phase), the oxygen supply to the dry distillation furnace 1 is switched from the air supply by the air supply passage 13 to the concentrated oxygen supply by an oxygen supply passage 15.

Подробнее
10-05-2012 дата публикации

Method for converting lignocellulosic materials into useful chemicals

Номер: US20120111714A1
Принадлежит: Circa Group Ltd

A method of converting particulate lignocellulosic material to produce volatile organic compounds and char, comprising, forming a mixture of the particulate lignocellulosic material with a catalyst composition containing polar organic liquid and an acid in the presence or absence of added water, heating the mixture to a temperature sufficiently high and for a period sufficiently long as to convert a major portion of any remaining solid phase of the mixture to char whilst agitating the mixture, and separating volatile organic compounds and the catalyst composition as a gaseous phase from the solid phase.

Подробнее
24-05-2012 дата публикации

Pyrolysis apparatus of waste material

Номер: US20120125760A1
Автор: Eun-Ho Kim
Принадлежит: T H ELEMA ENG CO Ltd

Disclosed is a pyrolysis apparatus of a waste material. The pyrolysis apparatus includes a pyrolysis furnace thermally decomposing an introduced waste material by using air, an upper gate installed at an upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace such that the upper gate is open or closed, and closed after the waste material has been introduced; a lower gate installed below the upper gate such that the lower gate is open or closed, a main valve connected with the exhaust pipe and installed in a main pipe communicating with an inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, a sub-valve connected with the exhaust pipe and installed in a sub-pipe communicating with the inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, and a gas purifying unit receiving gas exhausted from the pyrolysis furnace, aerating the gas into water, and purifying the gas through a filter.

Подробнее
07-06-2012 дата публикации

Method and plant for the thermal treatment of organic matter in order to produce charchoal or char

Номер: US20120137576A1
Автор: Alvaro Lucio

The organic matter carbonization process is based on thermal treatment at high temperatures, under a controlled atmosphere, if possible in the absence of oxygen. The organic matter carbonization theory was expounded in this text, with emphasis on the thermodynamic aspects. It is shown in this exposition the important misfit between the endothermic and the exothermic carbonization stages, which hinders the use of the energy emitted during the exothermic stage by the brick kilns. Following there is a summary of the carbonization technique actual stage. The present invention relates to a method and plant for the thermal treatment of organic matter comprising independent reactors for the drying and pyrolysis of organic matter, and an independent reactor for the charcoal cooling. In this method the volatile products—non condensable gases and condensable pyrolytic vapors—are burned in an independent combustion chamber in order to supply the energy demanded by the process. In this way wood is not burned, and polluting substances are not emitted to the atmosphere. The method proposed by the present invention allows a precise control of the process in order to obtain the specified charcoal fixed carbon content; and a higher gravimetric yield, which gives an increase of the forest wood, either native or cultivated. In the independent pyrolysis and drying reactors proposed by the present invention, exiting flue gases from an external combustion chamber are driven to the drying reactor where the wood onto roll on buckets are heated and dried. Fuel gases emitted by the carbonizing wood are burned in the combustion chamber as an energy source. Inside the combustion chamber is placed a heat exchanger with the aim to reheat the pyrolytic gases. After reheated, these gases return to the carbonizing reactor in order to supply energy for the endothermic carbonizing step. The aim of this technique is to avoid the mixing of the fuel gases with the flue gases generated inside the ...

Подробнее
14-06-2012 дата публикации

Waste management system

Номер: US20120145051A1
Автор: John Gerard Sweeney
Принадлежит: Individual

A system and method of integrated waste management having a source of a combustible waste material, a separator for separating the combustible waste material from a recyclable material, an airless drier for drying the combustible waste material to generate a pyrolysis feedstock, and a pyrolyser for pyrolysing the pyrolysis feedstock to form char and pyrogas. The system and method for power generation may also use an oxidiser for the high-temperature oxidation of syngas generated from the pyrolysis feedstock to generate heat for power production.

Подробнее
13-09-2012 дата публикации

Recycling furnace for burning off precious metal-containing materials

Номер: US20120227643A1
Принадлежит: Heraeus Precious Metals GmbH and Co KG

A recycling furnace is provided for processing potentially explosive precious metal-containing materials having organic fractions that combust with great energy. The furnace includes a switching facility for alternating operation of two burning-off chambers of the furnace between: (A) pyrolysis or carbonization under protective furnace gas in an atmosphere comprising maximally 6 wt-% oxygen, and (B) oxidative combustion of the organic fractions including carbon. The furnace has indirect heating and a control that determines the end of the pyrolysis or carbonization by a sensor and controls the switching facility to supply air or oxygen to the interior of the furnace. A continuous conveyor for dosing of liquids or liquefied substances during the pyrolysis is controlled by at least one parameter of post-combustion, preferably a temperature sensor. A single waste gas treatment facility is used for thermal post-combustion for the two furnace chambers.

Подробнее
13-09-2012 дата публикации

System and method for thermal chemical conversion of waste

Номер: US20120227680A1
Принадлежит: Dynamis Energy LLC

A waste-to-energy conversion apparatus comprising a primary combustion chamber capable of holding a load of waste, and the primary combustion chamber further comprises a heat source to heat the waste and generate a syn gas stream, grates, within the primary chamber, capable of supporting the load of waste during heating, a mixing chamber wherein the syn gas is mixed with additional combustion gas, a multi-chambered secondary combustion chamber for combusting the mixture of syn gas and additional combustion gas, and an energy extraction system for extracting the heat energy generated by the combustion of the mixture of syn gas and additional combustion gas.

Подробнее
02-05-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR THE TORREFACTION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20130105295A1
Принадлежит: ANDRITZ INC.

A pressurized torrefaction reactor vessel including: a rotatable shaft extending vertically down from a top of the vessel; scraper devices each at a different elevation within the vessel and mounted to the shaft; a tray associated with each one of the scraper devices such that the scraper device is immediately above a tray of the tray assembly; wherein the tray is an open mesh and impermeable to passage of biomass through the tray; each tray includes a discharge opening to transfer biomass from the tray and down to a tray of a lower one of the tray assemblies, and wherein the discharge opening in the lowermost tray assembly transfers the biomass to a pile of the biomass in the vessel, and a bottom discharge port of the vessel through which the torrefied biomass is discharged. 1. A pressurized torrefaction reactor vessel comprising:a vessel wall extending substantially vertically;a rotatable shaft extending vertically down through a top of the vessel;scraper devices each at a different elevation within the vessel and coaxial to the shaft;tray assemblies wherein each tray assembly is associated with one of the scraper devices such that the scraper device is immediately above a tray of the tray assembly;at least one of the tray assemblies includes the tray, a gas extraction passage below the tray, and a gas injection passage above the tray, wherein the tray is an open mesh or otherwise permeable to gas flow and impermeable to passage of biomass through the tray;each tray includes a discharge opening to transfer biomass from the tray and down to a tray of a lower one of the tray assemblies, and wherein the discharge opening in the lowermost tray transfers the biomass to a pile of the biomass in the vessel;a plurality of gas extraction openings in the vessel wall, wherein at least one of the gas extraction openings is aligned with the gas extraction passage and another one of the gas extraction openings is at an elevation below the lowermost tray assembly and above the ...

Подробнее
23-05-2013 дата публикации

COAL MATERIAL DECOMPOSITION APPARATUS WITH COMBINED SCREW-TYPE BINS

Номер: US20130126329A1
Автор: Zhu Shucheng

A coal material decomposition apparatus includes a sealed rotary kiln body provided with a coal inlet and a coal outlet. A coal decomposition gas collecting pipe is arranged in the kiln body and is provided with two parallel spirals for dividing space in the kiln body into a heating gas bin and a coal material decomposition bin. The coal decomposition gas collecting pipe communicates with the coal material decomposition bin through a gas guide hole arranged in the coal material decomposition bin. As the kiln body is internally divided into the a heating gas bin and a coal material decomposition bin isolated from each other, a large amount of hot gas in the heating gas conducts and radiates the heat to pulverized coal in the coal material decomposition bin, and the pulverized coal fully absorbs the heat to be decomposed into gas, coal tar gas and coal with high heat-value. 1. A coal material decomposition apparatus with combined screw-type bins , comprising a sealed rotary kiln body provided with a coal inlet and a coal outlet , wherein a coal decomposition gas collecting pipe is arranged in the kiln body , the coal decomposition gas collecting pipe is provided with two parallel spirals , the internal edge of the spirals is closely connected with the coal decomposition gas collecting pipe , and the external edge is closely connected with the inner wall of the kiln body; and wherein the two parallel spirals divide the space in the kiln body into a heating gas bin and a coal material decomposition bin , the heating gas bin is connected to a heating device and provided with a heating gas guide hole , the coal material decomposition bin is connected to the coal inlet and provided with a coal outlet on the other end , and the coal decomposition gas collecting pipe is communicated with the coal material decomposition bin through a gas guide hole arranged in the coal material decomposition bin.2. The coal material decomposition apparatus with combined screw-type bins ...

Подробнее
01-08-2013 дата публикации

BIOMASS REACTOR

Номер: US20130192971A1
Автор: Cheiky Michael C.
Принадлежит:

A biomass fractionator and method are described for inputting ground biomass and outputting several vapor streams of bio-intermediate compounds along with syngas and biochar. One such biomass fractionate comprises: means for receiving ground biomass into the system; and a plurality of biomass processing stations including means for heating the biomass and subjecting the biomass to biofractioning, and means for collecting residual carbon and biochar. 1. A system for biomass fractioning , comprising:means for receiving ground biomass into the system; and means for heating the biomass and subjecting the biomass to biofractioning; and', 'means for collecting residual carbon and biochar., 'a plurality of biomass processing stations comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the means for heating the biomass and subjecting the biomass to biofractioning comprises an auger reactor.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the auger reactor comprises means for extracting a process gas stream containing one or more volatile components.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the means for heating the biomass and subjecting the biomass to biofractioning comprises:means for feeding the biomass into a feeder of an auger reactor;means for conveying biomass through the auger reactor; andmeans for heating the biomass as it is conveyed through the auger reactor.5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the means for conveying the biomass comprises a transfer screw powered by an external motor.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the means for receiving ground biomass comprises:means for storing and funneling ground biomass;means for dispensing ground biomass from the hopper;means for receiving ground biomass from the dispenser; andmeans for moving ground biomass within the biomass load dump station.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of biomass processing stations further comprise means for compressing ground biomass.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the means for compressing ground ...

Подробнее
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Gasification combustion system

Номер: US20130213283A1
Принадлежит: Covanta Energy LLC

A two stage refuse gasification combustion system for processing refuse is disclosed. The system may contain features such as an advancer, a first and second gasifier, a gas regulator, and a post combustor. Additionally, methods for regulating gas and advancing refuse through a two stage refuse gasification combustion system are disclosed.

Подробнее
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Biofuel pyrolysis device and methods of use thereof

Номер: US20130228443A1
Автор: Edward DEPOULI
Принадлежит: Individual

Described herein are biofuel pyrolysis devices and methods of use thereof. The devices described herein include a reactor having a plurality of chambers wherein the chambers of the reactor can be arranged to have at least one aerobic chamber and anaerobic chamber. In certain aspects, the devices described herein can be used for distilling biomass and for potentially generating torrefied products, which include, but are not limited to, torrefied biomass. In certain aspects, the method describe herein include, but are not limited to, introducing biomass onto at least one tray of a plurality of trays in a first chamber of the reactor, heating the biomass in the first chamber with heated vapor from at least one vapor inlet, and transferring the biomass from an upper tray to at least one of the following: a lower tray, a biomass outlet, another chamber (i.e., at least a second chamber), or any combination thereof.

Подробнее
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Horizontally-Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer System

Номер: US20130228445A1
Принадлежит: Plasco Energy Group Inc

A method and apparatus is described for the efficient conversion of carbonaceous feedstock including municipal solid waste into a product gas through gasification. More specifically, a horizontally-oriented gasifier having one or more lateral transfer system for moving material through the gasifier is provided thereby allowing for the horizontal expansion of the gasification process such that there is sequential promotion of feedstock drying, volatization and char-to-ash conversions.

Подробнее
26-09-2013 дата публикации

GRATE AND METHOD OF BURNING A GRANULAR FUEL MATERIAL

Номер: US20130247801A1
Принадлежит:

The grate is used for burning a granular fuel material, for instance a biomass material, to be fed onto a loading area of the grate while a primary air feed is coming from below the grate. The grate includes a perforated bed floor having a downwardly-sloping upper surface converging towards a discharge opening where char is concentrated as the granular fuel material is burned during operation. The grate also includes an elongated and bottom-perforated char-receiving conduit positioned immediately under the bed floor. The char-receiving conduit has an inlet end positioned under the discharge opening, and an outlet end that is opposite the inlet end. The char-receiving conduit downwardly slopes between the inlet end and the outlet end. A method of burning a granular fuel material is also disclosed. The proposed concept can increase the overall thermal efficiency of a heat generator and reduce gas and particle emissions in the atmosphere. 1. A substantially horizontally-disposed grate for burning a granular fuel material to be fed onto a loading area of the grate while an air feed is coming from below the grate , the grate including:a perforated bed floor having a downwardly-sloping upper surface converging towards a discharge opening where char is concentrated as the granular fuel material is burned during operation; andan elongated and bottom-perforated char-receiving conduit positioned immediately under the bed floor, the char-receiving conduit having an inlet end positioned under the discharge opening, and an outlet end that is opposite the inlet end, the char-receiving conduit downwardly sloping between the inlet end and the outlet end.2. The grate as defined in claim 1 , wherein the bed floor has at least two regions with distinct perforation patterns claim 1 , a first region among the at least two regions being adjacent to the periphery of the upper surface and including the loading area claim 1 , and a second region among the at least two regions being ...

Подробнее
07-11-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DELIVERING HEAT THROUGH GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS

Номер: US20130291771A1
Автор: LAKHMIRI MOHAMMED
Принадлежит: 7977093 Canada Inc.

A method and a system for providing thermal energy to a heat demanding equipment, the system comprising a gasification chamber provided with a fire-tube; a temperature sensor monitoring the temperature within the gasification chamber; a controlled-speed dosing unit conveying biomass powder or pellets to the gasification chamber; an air blower injecting a sub-stoichiometric quantity of air within the gasification chamber with the biomass powder or pellets; a syngas burner receiving hot syngas generated by gasification of the biomass powder or pellets within the gasification chamber, from the fire-tube of the gasification chamber, for combustion; and a control unit monitoring the temperature and oxygen conditions in the gasification chamber, and adjusting the dosing unit according to at least one of: i) the temperature within the gasification chamber and ii) thermal heat demand of the heat demanding equipment. 1. A method for providing thermal energy to a heat demanding equipment , comprising:partial combustion of biomass in a gasification chamber; andcombustion of syngas generated by said partial combustion of the biomass.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is one of biomass powder of a moisture content up to 20% and biomass pellets of a moisture content up to 15%.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said partial combustion of biomass in a gasification chamber comprises:monitoring temperature variations within the gasification chamber; andfeeding a mixture of biomass and sub-stoichiometric air into the gasification chamber according to parameters of the heat demanding equipment and the temperature within the gasification chamber.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said partial combustion of biomass in a gasification chamber comprises:monitoring temperature variations within the gasification chamber;feeding a mixture of biomass and sub-stoichiometric air into the gasification chamber according to parameters of the heat demanding equipment and the temperature ...

Подробнее
07-11-2013 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ENERGY-DENSE BIOMASS AND SUGARS OR SUGAR DERIVATIVES, BY INTEGRATED HYDROLYSIS AND TORREFACTION

Номер: US20130295628A1
Принадлежит: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. In some variations, biomass is extracted to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers and cellulose-rich solids; hemicellulosic oligomers are removed; and the cellulose-rich solids are torrefied to produce energy-dense biomass. In some embodiments, hydrotorrefaction is employed to produce hydrophobic, energy-dense biomass in an energy-efficient process that avoids intermediate drying between extraction/hydrolysis and torrefaction. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized or directly combusted or gasified. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars and then fermented to ethanol or other products, or further reacted to produce furfural or other products. 1. A process for producing energy-dense biomass and fermentable sugars from cellulosic biomass , said process comprising:(a) providing a feedstock comprising cellulosic biomass;(b) extracting said feedstock with steam and/or hot water under effective extraction conditions to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids;(c) separating at least a portion of said hemicellulosic oligomers from said cellulose-rich solids, to produce intermediate solids;(d) torrefying said intermediate solids to produce said energy-dense biomass;(e) hydrolyzing said hemicellulosic oligomers into fermentable sugars; and(f) recovering said fermentable sugars.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein step (d) utilizes hydrotorrefaction.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said extraction solution comprises pressurized hot water.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said extraction solution further contains sulfur dioxide claim 1 , sulfurous acid claim 1 , sulfuric acid claim 1 , or any combination thereof.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein step (c) includes washing said cellulose-rich solids using an ...

Подробнее
14-11-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING ENERGY FROM WASTE

Номер: US20130300121A1
Принадлежит: GREEN ENERGY AND TECHNOLOGY SDN. BHD.

A method and system for the conversion of waste into energy in a sealed system where combustion does not take place and the operating pressure prior to the inlet of the steam or power generating equipment is maintained below atmospheric pressure. Destruction of the RDF (refuse derived fuel) is accomplished by subjecting the RDF to a high temperature environment under controlled conditions in a purpose designed and built reactor. The high temperature environment, <5000° C., is achieved through the use of one or more non-transferred plasma torches for generation of plasma gas. The plasma gas exiting the torch and provides the thermal energy for the continual gasification of metallurgic coke configured as a carbon bed in the lower part of the reactor, which acts as a thermal catalyst and this provides the thermal energy for the gasification process. 1. A method for producing energy from waste comprising the steps of:(a) transforming raw waste to refuse derived fuel (RDF);(b) delivering organic and/or inorganic RDF waste into a thermal reactor;(c) gasifying any organic fraction of said waste into a syngas containing heat in non-combustion process within the said thermal reactor, said gasification being a sub-stoichiometric environment;(d) melting any inorganic fraction of said waste in non-combustion process within the said thermal reactor;(e) generating steam using said heat contained within said syngas;(f) cleaning and conditioning the said syngas; and(g) using said steam and/or syngas as an energy source to drive equipment for generating electricity.26.-. (canceled)7. A method for producing energy from waste according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:(a) preparing the waste prior to said delivery into said thermal reactor.826.-. (canceled)27. A method for producing energy from waste according to claim 1 , wherein said step (f) cleaning and conditioning the said syngas using filtering means further comprises running the syngas through a heat exchanger ...

Подробнее
21-11-2013 дата публикации

System for using heat to process an agricultural product, a fluidized bed combustor system, and methods of employing the same

Номер: US20130305557A1
Автор: Glenn D. Kimball
Принадлежит: Archer Daniels Midland Co

Systems and related methods of using heat to process an agriculture/product are provided. The system comprises a circulating fluidized bed combustor, a first conduit system, and an indirect heating dryer. The circulating fluidized bed combustor comprises a combustion chamber configured to combust a fuel to generate a mixture comprising hot gases and particulate matter, and a separation chamber configured to separate at least a portion of the particulate matter from the mixture to form a flow of cleaned hot gas. The first conduit system is configured to conduct the cleaned hot gas to a heat exchanger. The indirect heating dryer is in heat conductive contact with the heat exchanger and configured to use the heat from the cleaned hot gas to indirectly dry the agricultural product without contacting the agricultural product with the cleaned hot gas. The system and methods provide hot gas for efficient and low cost energy formed from alternative and lower cost fuels, including biomass sources, and allows for flexibility and efficiency in numerous manufacturing processes.

Подробнее
05-12-2013 дата публикации

Gasification melting facility

Номер: US20130319300A1

This gasification melting facility includes: a fluidized bed gasification furnace that generates pyrolysis gas by thermally decomposing waste and discharges incombustibles; a vertical cyclone melting furnace that includes a pyrolysis gas duct through which the pyrolysis gas is introduced; a pyrolysis gas passage that connects the fluidized bed gasification furnace with the pyrolysis gas duct of the vertical cyclone melting furnace; pulverizer that pulverize the incombustibles into pulverized incombustibles so that the particle size of the incombustibles becomes fine; and airflow transporter that puts the pulverized incombustibles in the pyrolysis gas passage, and separating metal contained in the pulverized incombustibles by a difference in specific gravity while conveying the pulverized incombustibles together with airflow. The pyrolysis gas and the pulverized incombustibles are melted in the vertical cyclone melting furnace.

Подробнее
12-12-2013 дата публикации

Fluidized bed furnace

Номер: US20130327257A1
Принадлежит: Kobelco Eco Solutions Co Ltd

Provided is a fluidized bed furnace for heating waste to extract a combustible gas from the waste, including: a plurality of wind boxes arranged on a lower side of a bottom wall of a furnace body to blow a fluidizing gas into the fluidized bed; a plurality of temperature detection sections disposed at respective positions allowing detection of temperatures of an upper position and a lower position vertically spaced in a first region, and allowing detection of temperatures of upper and lower positions vertically spaced in a second region; and a control section operable, based on the temperatures detected by the temperature detection sections, to adjust an air ratio of the fluidizing gas to be fed to each of the wind boxes, so that the temperature of the fluidized bed is raised in a direction from the first region toward the second region.

Подробнее
12-12-2013 дата публикации

Char-Handling Processes in a Pyrolysis System

Номер: US20130327629A1
Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

Char-handling processes for controlling overall heat balance, ash accumulation, and afterburn in a reheater are provided. Carbonaceous biomass feedstock is pyrolyzed using a heat transfer medium forming pyrolysis products and a spent heat transfer medium. The spent heat transfer medium is separated into segregated char and char-depleted spent heat transfer medium. The char-depleted spent heat transfer medium is introduced into a dense bed of heat transfer medium fluidized by a stream of oxygen-containing regeneration gas. All or a portion of the segregated char is combusted in the dense bed using the stream of oxygen-containing regeneration gas. A portion of the segregated char may be exported out of the pyrolysis system to control the overall heat balance and ash accumulation.

Подробнее
26-12-2013 дата публикации

COMBUSTION DEVICE

Номер: US20130340689A1

A combustion device includes a device main body having a combustion chamber installed above a cyclone melting furnace configured to combust a pyrolysis gas generated from a waste material after incineration while turning the pyrolysis gas, and configured to combust an unburnt gas discharged from the cyclone melting furnace. Further, the combustion device includes a plurality of sidewall boiler water pipes configured to cover a sidewall of the device main body from a periphery thereof and extending along the sidewall throughout upward and downward directions of the device main body. 1. A combustion device comprising:a device main body having a combustion chamber installed above a cyclone melting furnace configured to combust a pyrolysis gas generated from a waste material after incineration while turning the pyrolysis gas, and configured to combust an unburnt gas discharged from the cyclone melting furnace; anda plurality of sidewall boiler water pipes configured to cover a sidewall of the device main body from a periphery thereof and extending along the sidewall throughout upward and downward directions of the device main body.2. The combustion device according to claim 1 , further comprising a bottom section boiler water pipe extending in a vortex shape when seen from a plan view and installed at a bottom section of the device main body.3. The combustion device according to claim 1 , further comprising a boiler water supply unit configured to recover boiler feed water after flowing through the bottom section boiler water pipe and introduce the boiler feed water into the sidewall boiler water pipe from a lower side thereof via a water reservoir section.4. The combustion device according to claim 2 , wherein a throttling section is formed between the cyclone melting furnace and the combustion chamber by reducing a portion of the sidewall of the device main body in diameter in upward and downward directions claim 2 , andsome of the plurality of sidewall boiler water ...

Подробнее
02-01-2014 дата публикации

CONTROL OF SYNGAS TEMPERATURE USING A BOOSTER BURNER

Номер: US20140004471A1
Принадлежит: NEXTERRA SYSTEMS CORP.

A method and system for fueling of a burner in a direct-fired device using syngas. A gasifier produces syngas from a carbonaceous feedstock such as biomass. The syngas is fed to a syngas burner. A booster burner disposed between the gasifier and the syngas burner increases the temperature of the syngas. The booster burner may be provided with an approximately stoichiometric or sub-stoichiometric amount of oxidant. Operation of the booster burner may be regulated based on the temperature of the syngas. The syngas burner may be used to direct-fire a device requiring a relatively high flame temperature, such as, for example, a lime kiln. 1. A system in which syngas is supplied as fuel for a burner used to direct-fire a device , the system comprising:a gasifier for producing syngas;a syngas burner for receiving syngas from the gasifier; anda booster burner disposed along a fluid path between the gasifier and the syngas burner for increasing the temperature of the syngas.2. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the booster burner is positioned so that a flame from the booster burner contacts the syngas directly.3. A system according to claim 1 , comprising one or more temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of the syngas in the fluid path.4. A system according to claim 3 , comprising a controller configured to regulate the operation of the booster burner based on input from the one or more temperature sensors.5. A system according to claim 4 , wherein the gasifier is a fixed-bed updraft gasifier.6. A system according to claim 5 , wherein the gasifier is connected to receive biomass fuel via a fuel feed assembly.7. A system according to claim 6 , wherein the booster burner is connected to receive fuel comprising natural gas claim 6 , propane claim 6 , or oil from a fuel source.8. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the booster burner is configured to use an approximately stoichiometric amount of oxidant.9. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

Подробнее
09-01-2014 дата публикации

CHAIN DRAG CARBONIZER, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE USE THEREOF

Номер: US20140008206A1
Принадлежит:

A drag chain carbonizer is provided with a system and methods for anaerobic thermal transformation processing to convert waste into various solid carbonized products and varied further co-products. The drag-chain carbonizer includes an adjustable bed depth mechanism, a heating mechanism, a pressure management mechanism, and a chain tensioning mechanism containing at least one position sensor for communication of an actuator position to at least one programmable logic controller (PLC). Carbonaceous waste is transformed into useful co-products that can be re-introduced into the stream of commerce at various economically advantageous points. Depending upon the input materials and the parameters selected to process the waste, including real time economic and other market parameters, the system adjusts co-products output to reflect changing market conditions. 1. A drag chain carbonizer for of an organic feedstock material comprising:at least one atmospherically sealed reactor tube being single or double decked and having an inlet end and an outlet end, said reactor tube having a feed tube inlet located proximal to the inlet end and a feed tube outlet located proximal to an outlet end;at least one drive chain sprocket mounted on a rotatable drive axle extended through said reactor tube;a drag-chain mechanically interconnected to said at least one drive chain sprockets;an adjustable bed depth mechanism for controlling a bed depth of the feedstock material in said reactor tube;a gearbox attached to said reactor tube and mechanically connected to said drive axle;a plurality of blades joined to said drag-chain for moving feedstock material in a circuit through said reactor tube;a heating mechanism for controllably heating said reactor tube; anda chain tensioning mechanism for said drag-chain, said tensioning mechanism is mechanically connected to said at least one chain drive sprocket, said tensioning mechanism containing at least one position sensor for communication of an ...

Подробнее
16-01-2014 дата публикации

Method for treating carbon dioxide-containing waste gas

Номер: US20140013665A1
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

A hydrocarbon-containing gas is guided to waste gas containing carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide is at least partially converted into carbon monoxide and hydrogen when reacted with the hydrocarbon. The waste gas is used with the carbon monoxide hydrogen mixture for an additional combustion process.

Подробнее
06-03-2014 дата публикации

Cement clinker manufacturing plant

Номер: US20140065028A1
Принадлежит: Vicat SA

A cement clinker manufacturing plant that includes a plant for producing purified syngas, obtained from solid waste, and process for transferring ash recovered from the ash pan of the gasifier to at least one inlet of the feedstock conversion device, which the plant includes, and/or of the furnace for the purpose of incorporating said ash into the feedstock; and a process for conveying the purified syngas to the main tuyere of the furnace and/or to at least one inlet of the feedstock conversion device.

Подробнее
03-01-2019 дата публикации

TWO STAGE PYROLYSIS OF ORGANIC WASTE

Номер: US20190002323A1
Принадлежит:

Organic waste is treated by pyrolysis or by anaerobic digestion followed by pyrolysis of the digestate. The pyrolysis is performed in two staged reactors. The second stage reactor treats char produced in the first stage. The temperature of the first stage reactor is preferably 450 degrees C. or less. The temperature of the second stage reactor is higher than the temperature of the first stage, for example by 50 degrees C. or more. Optionally, there may be a char cooler, a water sprayer, or both downstream of the char outlet of the second reactor. In an exemplary system, a digestate outlet is connected to the inlet of the first pyrolysis reactor. A pyrolysis liquid outlet of the first pyrolysis reactor is connected to the digester. Char produced in the second pyrolysis reactor may be used as a soil amendment. 1. A process for treating organic waste comprising steps of ,pyrolysing the organic waste in a first stage and producing at least a first char; and,pyrolysing the first char in a second stage and producing a second char.2. The process of wherein the temperature in the second stage is higher than the temperature of the first stage by 50 degrees C. or more.3. The process of wherein the temperature of the first stage is 450 degrees C. or less4. The process of wherein the first stage produces a liquid and the further comprises treating at least a portion of the liquid in an anaerobic digester.5. The process of further comprising separating an oily fraction from the liquid.6. The process of further comprising burning or pyrolysing the oily fraction.7. The process of wherein the organic waste comprises digestate.8. The process of further comprising cooling the second char.9. The process of further comprising spraying water on the second char.10. The process of further comprising adding gas produced in the first stage or the second stage or both to sludge in an anaerobic digester or burning the gas to produce heat for pyrolysis or drying digestate.11. The process of ...

Подробнее
27-01-2022 дата публикации

BIOMASS PROCESSING DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Номер: US20220025270A1
Принадлежит:

Biomass processing devices, systems and methods used to convert biomass to, for example, liquid hydrocarbons, renewable chemicals, and/or composites are described. The biomass processing system can include a pyrolysis device, a hydroprocessor and a gasifier. Biomass, such as wood chips, is fed into the pyrolysis device to produce char and pyrolysis vapors. Pyrolysis vapors are processed in the hydroprocessor, such as a deoxygenation device, to produce hydrocarbons, light gas, and water. Water and char produced by the system can be used in the gasifier to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which may be recycled back to the pyrolysis device and/or hydroprocessor. 1. A pyrolysis device comprising:a housing having an inlet and an outlet; and an upstream end adjacent the inlet of the housing;', 'a downstream end adjacent the outlet of the housing;', 'a core extending between the upstream end and the downstream end; and', 'a helical blade wound around the core between the upstream end and the downstream end;, 'an auger positioned within the housing, the auger having the inlet of the housing is configured to receive biomass; and', 'the pyrolysis device is configured to convert the biomass to a pyrolysis vapor and to', 'produce a pressure seal formed by material in transition between biomass and pyrolysis vapor, the pressure being seal positioned between the inlet of the housing and the outlet of the housing., 'wherein2. The pyrolysis device of claim 1 , wherein the core of the auger is tapered from a first diameter at the upstream end to a second diameter at the downstream end claim 1 , the first diameter being smaller than the second diameter.3. The pyrolysis device of claim 2 , wherein:the helical blade has a blade height measured from an outer surface of the core in a direction perpendicular to a rotational axis of the core to a terminal end of the helical blade; andthe height of the helical blade varies from the upstream end to the downstream end of the auger.4. The ...

Подробнее
27-01-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE THERMAL DEGRADATION OF RUBBER CONTAINING WASTE

Номер: US20220025271A1
Принадлежит: Keshi Technologies Pty Ltd

A process for the non-oxidative thermal degradation of a rubber containing waste including: transporting the rubber containing waste along a horizontal axis of a hermetically sealed cylindrical reactor including: an inlet and an outlet, one or more thermal reaction zones arranged between the inlet and the outlet, wherein each thermal reaction zone is provided with: one or more heating elements controllable to heat the thermal reaction zone to an operating temperature for mediating the non-oxidative thermal degradation of rubber in the rubber containing waste, and one or more gas outlets for withdrawing volatile gas or gases evolved during the non-oxidative thermal degradation of the rubber; and a screw auger located within the reactor, the screw augur configured to rotate in both the forward and reverse directions to agitate and transport the rubber containing waste through the one or more thermal reaction zones in both the forward and reverse directions and to the outlet; heating the rubber containing waste, in the one or more thermal treatment zones, to a temperature above the degradation temperature of rubber for a time sufficient to produce the volatile gas or gases and the char product; operating the screw auger in both the forward and reverse directions to agitate the rubber containing waste within the reactor; and advancing the rubber containing waste along the horizontal axis to the outlet. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the volatile gas or gases include limonene.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reactor includes: the first thermal reaction zone including one or more first heating elements, the one or more first heating elements controllable to heat the first thermal reaction zone to a first operating temperature, and', 'a second thermal reaction zone including one or more second heating elements, the one or more second heating elements controllable to heat the second thermal reaction zone to a second operating temperature different to the first ...

Подробнее
09-01-2020 дата публикации

RESOURCE RECOVERY FROM WOOD WASTES

Номер: US20200010763A1
Принадлежит:

A method and an apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value is disclosed. The apparatus includes a continuous converter () for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants. The continuous converter includes a reaction chamber () for producing a solid carbon-containing product, a gas product, and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber, via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms. 1. An apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value , the apparatus including a continuous converter for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants , with the continuous converter including a reaction chamber for producing a solid carbon-containing product , a gas product , and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber , via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms , an inlet for supplying the feed material to the reaction chamber , an assembly for moving the feed material through the reaction chamber from the upstream end towards the downstream end of the chamber counter-current to the flow of gas generated in the chamber as a consequence of drying or other reactions in the chamber , and separate outlets for the solid carbon-containing product , the gas product , and optionally the liquid water product from the reaction chamber , with the apparatus being adapted to decompose organic material contaminants in the wood wastes and to incorporate the decomposed forms into useful products , and with the apparatus being adapted to deport heavy metal contaminants to the solid carbon-containing product.2. The apparatus defined in wherein the continuous converter includes an assembly for establishing a temperature profile in the reaction chamber that includes the following zones extending successively along the length of the reaction ...

Подробнее
21-01-2016 дата публикации

Mobile Platform Biomass Harvester

Номер: US20160014961A1
Автор: Jason Force
Принадлежит: Individual

A mobile platform biomass harvester has a header, a biomass processor, a storage container, a guidance system, an engine, an electric generator, and a guidance system. The header harvests biomass. The biomass processor includes a shredder, a press, a dryer, and a densifier. The densifier compacts the biomass into a multitude of compressed biomass pieces. The storage container receives compressed biomass pieces from the biomass processor. The guidance system guides the mobile platform at a speed determined by the operating capacity of the mobile platform. The engine generates shaft power. The electrical generator converts the shaft power to electricity to power the guidance system.

Подробнее
21-01-2016 дата публикации

ZONE-DELINEATED PYROLYSIS APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION OF POLYMER WASTE

Номер: US20160017232A1
Автор: ULLOM William L.
Принадлежит: VADXX ENERGY LLC

Apparatus and method for pyrolyzing hydro carbonaceous materials to produce useful vapor and solid products comprising a generally cylindrical, linear reactor having a screw means for transporting hydro carbonaceous materials through said reactor, means for feeding and heating said hydro carbonaceous materials whereby they are processed and pyrolyzed to produce vapor and solid products; means for removing vapor products from said processed hydro carbonaceous materials, means for removing solid products, means whereby said hydrocarbonaceous material is maintained within a zone for a range of defined residence times, means for rotating said screw, which has a plurality of flight configurations for compressing, and for melting said hydro carbonaceous materials to convert them from a solid to a liquid, for mixing, destabilizing and dehalogenating said hydro carbonaceous materials, for pyrolyzing said hydro carbonaceous materials, for devolatilizing the pyrolyzed hydrocarbonaceous materials, and for discharging solid products.

Подробнее
25-01-2018 дата публикации

MAGNETIC DECOMPOSITION DEVICE, AND MAGNETIC DECOMPOSITION METHOD

Номер: US20180021721A1
Принадлежит:

[Object] To perform a magnetic decomposition treatment by effectively utilizing smoke emissions. 1. A magnetic decomposition device that decomposes waste by performing magnetic decomposition utilizing air to which a magnetic field is appiled , comprising:a decomposition treatment section that applies a decomposition treatment to the waste;a blower that circulates smoke emissions discharged from the decomposition treatment section;a filter section that includes a shower having a watering pipe and disposed at a front stage of the blower in a flowing direction of the smoke emissions, and a water tank filter disposed at a rear stage of the blower in the flowing direction of the smoke emissions;an exhaust duct that feeds smoke emissions of the decomposition treatment section to the filter section;an intake duct that feeds smoke emissions filtered by the filter section to the decomposition treatment section; anda magnet, that is provided on the intake duct and applies a magnetic field to filtered smoke emissions.2. The magnetic decomposition device according to claim 1 , wherein the decomposition treatment section starts the decomposition treatment by using a hot air gun.3. The magnetic decomposition device according to claim 1 , wherein the filter section includes a swashplate filter formed of a plurality of plates disposed alternately diagonally at the front stage of the blower and at the rear stage of the shower.4. The magnetic decomposition device according to claim 1 , wherein on an inner wall of a thermal decomposition treatment chamber of the decomposition treatment section claim 1 , a swashplate flue with an air intake part formed of an upward swashplate along an air flowing direction is formed.5. The magnetic decomposition device according to claim 1 , wherein a bypass piping for a part of the smoke emissions flowing in the intake duct to the exhaust duct to bypass the decomposition treatment section is provided.6. A magnetic decomposition method to decompose ...

Подробнее
28-01-2016 дата публикации

A REACTOR FOR PROCESSING FEED MATERIAL

Номер: US20160025335A1
Автор: Reynolds Anthony
Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to a reactor for processing feed material, comprising: a de-gasifier zone configured to operate at a de-gasifier temperature and receive the feed material in order to remove components from the feed material that take a gas or vapour form below the de-gasifier temperature; a pyrothermic zone configured to operate at a pyrothermic temperature and receive the feed material from the de-gasifier zone in order to cause pyrolysis of the feed material to release a gas from the feed material; a molten zone configured to operate at a molten temperature and receive the feed material and released gas from the pyrothermic zone; and a heater configured to heat the molten zone to the molten temperature by burning the released gas received from the pyrothermic zone. 1. A reactor for processing feed material , comprising:a de-gasifier zone configured to operate at a de-gasifier temperature and receive the feed material in order to remove components from the feed material that take a gas or vapour form below the de-gasifier temperature;a pyrothermic zone configured to operate at a pyrothermic temperature and receive the feed material from the de-gasifier zone in order to cause pyrolysis of the feed material to release a gas from the feed material;a molten zone configured to operate at a molten temperature and receive the feed material and released gas from the pyrothermic zone; anda heater configured to heat the molten zone to the molten temperature by burning the released gas received from the pyrothermic zone.2. The reactor claim 1 , wherein the heater is rated to a heater temperature that is less than the molten temperature.3. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the molten temperature is greater than the pyrothermic temperature claim 1 , and the pyrothermic temperature is greater than the de-gasifier temperature.4. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the de-gasifier zone is located vertically above the pyrothermic zone claim 1 , and the pyrothermic zone is ...

Подробнее
25-01-2018 дата публикации

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF INCREASED VOLUMES OF PURE TERPENES AND TERPENOIDS FROM SCRAP POLYMERS AND ELASTOMERS

Номер: US20180023005A1
Принадлежит:

A device and process for the vacuum pyrolization of scrap tires to produce a pyrolytic oil from which valuable terpenes such as limonene and pulegone may be extracted and purified. 1. A device for the pyrolysis of tires to form pyrolytic oils containing limonene and pulegone comprising;a nitrogen blanket bin for accepting shredded, washed, and dried automobile tires;at least one vacuum-lock valve;a helical screw which slowly turns to generate a mixture of shredded automobile tires and an additive/catalyst that can flow from the nitrogen blanket bin;at least one heater for heating the mixture from ambient temperature to about 450 degrees Celsius;a release valve for controlling the release of at least one of either a material and a vapor from the nitrogen blanket vacuum sealed furnace through a thin film evaporator and into a contactor/separator for recovery of at least one of either a type of terpene or a type of terpenoid from a mixture that has at least one of either the material or the vapor, wherein the contactor/separator can generate a pyrolytic vapor from the at least one of either the material or the vapor after a set of solids is removed from the mixture, and wherein the contactor/separator includes a chiller assembly for reducing the temperature of the pyrolytic vapor, a first heatable distillation column for reheating and cooling the mixture, a second heatable distillation column containing internal components that are at least one of either sieve trays or structured packing, wherein the second distillation column separates types of terpenes and the types of terpenoids that have been extracted from the mixture, wherein the mixture is passed through a small orifice disposed between the first distillation column and the second distillation column to thereby reduce the temperature of the mixture as it enters the second distillation column, wherein the terpenes and terpenoids are removed from the second distillation column through at least one tap mounted on ...

Подробнее
24-04-2014 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FUEL AND POWER GENERATION BY CLEAN COMBUSTION OF ORGANIC WASTE MATERIAL

Номер: US20140109545A1
Принадлежит: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for the conversion of solid organic waste material, such as waste plastics, into fuel for the generation of heat and power. In addition, embodiments of the systems and methods disclosed herein relate to converting solid organic waste material into a gasified material for mixing with an oxidizing gas to allow for clean combustion of the fuel, thereby minimizing emissions of pollutants. 1. A method of generating power from solid organic waste materials , the method comprising:a) heating the solid organic waste material to form a liquid;b) pyrolyzing the liquid to obtain one or more gaseous decomposition products;c) mixing the one or more gaseous decomposition products with an oxidizing gas to form a mixture;d) burning and igniting the mixture to produce thermal energy; ande) generating power by utilizing the thermal energy.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein pyrolyzing the liquid is performed in an inert atmosphere.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal energy is produced by a pre-mixed fuel-lean flame.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel-air equivalence ratio is less than 1.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid organic waste material is selected from the group of common post-consumer polymers claim 1 , polyethylene claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , and polystyrene.6. (canceled)7. The method of claim 1 , wherein oxidizing gas is oxygen.8. (canceled)9. The method of claim 1 , wherein a) through d) are each performed in separate chambers.10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the pressure in the chamber for performing a) is higher than the pressure in the chamber for performing b) claim 9 , the pressure in the chamber for performing b) is higher than the pressure in the chamber for performing c) claim 9 , and the pressure in the chamber for performing c) is higher than the pressure in the chamber for performing d).15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. A system ...

Подробнее
24-04-2014 дата публикации

Biomass converter and methods

Номер: US20140110242A1
Принадлежит: Canadian Agrichar Inc

A tubular reactor useful for converting biomass to char has walls projecting into its interior. The walls are hollow. Cavities in the walls are in fluid connection with the outside of the reactor by way of openings. The reactor may be deployed in a furnace chamber. Hot gases from the furnace chamber may enter the cavities through the openings to heat the walls from within. Biomass may be pyrolized as it passes along the reactor.

Подробнее
02-02-2017 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS SYSTEMS WITH ENHANCED PRODUCT FORMATION

Номер: US20170029706A1
Автор: Schneider Chuck
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for processing pyrolyzable materials in order to recover one or more usable end products are provided. Pyrolysis methods and systems according to various aspects of the present invention are able to thermally decompose carbon-containing materials, including, for example, tires and other rubber-containing materials, in order recover hydrocarbon-containing products including synthesis gas, pyrolysis oil, and carbon black. Systems and methods according to aspects of the present invention may be successful on a commercial scale, and may be suitable for processing a variety of feedstocks, including, but not limited to, used tires and other types of industrial, agricultural, and consumer waste materials. 1. A method for pyrolizing a rubber-containing material , said method comprising:(a) selecting a target value for a property of a pyrolysis product;(b) based on said target value, obtaining a heating profile for the pyrolysis of said rubber-containing material, wherein said heating profile includes a range of prescribed pyrolysis temperatures as a function of time;(c) heating a crucible containing a first quantity of said rubber-containing material to a temperature sufficient to pyrolyze at least a portion of said first quantity of said rubber-containing material to thereby provide pyrolysis vapor and pyrolysis solids; and(d) recovering at least a portion of said pyrolysis vapor or at least a portion of said pyrolysis solids in at least one downstream processing zone to thereby provide said pyrolysis product,wherein, during said heating, the actual value of the pyrolysis temperature varies by not more than 20° F. from the prescribed pyrolysis temperature provided by said heating profile.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said pyrolysis product is pygas or pyrolysis oil recovered from said pyrolysis vapor and wherein said property of said pyrolysis product is selected from the group consisting of percent yield claim 1 , daily production rate claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
02-02-2017 дата публикации

COMMERCIAL-SCALE PYROLYSIS SYSTEM

Номер: US20170029707A1
Автор: Schneider Chuck
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for processing pyrolyzable materials in order to recover one or more usable end products are provided. Pyrolysis methods and systems according to various aspects of the present invention are able to thermally decompose carbon-containing materials, including, for example, tires and other rubber-containing materials, in order recover hydrocarbon-containing products including synthesis gas, pyrolysis oil, and carbon black. Systems and methods according to aspects of the present invention may be successful on a commercial scale, and may be suitable for processing a variety of feedstocks, including, but not limited to, used tires and other types of industrial, agricultural, and consumer waste materials. 1. A method for pyrolizing a rubber-containing material in a commercial-scale pyrolysis facility , said method comprising:(a) at least partially filling at least a first, a second, a third, and a fourth crucible with respective first, second, third, and fourth quantities of rubber-containing material;(b) loading each of said first, second, third, and fourth crucibles into a respective first, second, third, and fourth individual heating zone, wherein the individual heating zones are collectively defined within one or more pyrolysis furnaces;(c) heating each of said first, second, third, and fourth crucibles within said respective first, second, third, and fourth individual zones under conditions sufficient to pyrolyze at least a portion of said first, second, third, and fourth quantities of rubber-containing material to thereby form pyrolysis vapors and pyrolysis solids in each of said first, second, third, and fourth crucibles, wherein said pyrolysis solids include metallic elements;(d) recovering a pyrolysis gas and/or a pyrolysis liquid from at least a portion of said pyrolysis vapors withdrawn from said first, second, third, and fourth crucibles in at least one separation zone;(e) cooling at least a portion of said pyrolysis solids in said first, ...

Подробнее
02-02-2017 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS SYSTEMS WITH ENHANCED SOLIDS HANDLING

Номер: US20170029708A1
Автор: Schneider Chuck
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for processing pyrolyzable materials in order to recover one or more usable end products are provided. Pyrolysis methods and systems according to various aspects of the present invention are able to thermally decompose carbon-containing materials, including, for example, tires and other rubber-containing materials, in order recover hydrocarbon-containing products including synthesis gas, pyrolysis oil, and carbon black. Systems and methods according to aspects of the present invention may be successful on a commercial scale, and may be suitable for processing a variety of feedstocks, including, but not limited to, used tires and other types of industrial, agricultural, and consumer waste materials. 1. A method of pyrolyzing a rubber-containing material , said method comprising:(a) heating at least one crucible at least partially filled with a first quantity of said rubber-containing material under conditions sufficient to pyrolyze at least a portion of said rubber-containing material to thereby form pyrolysis vapors and pyrolysis solids, wherein said pyrolysis solids comprise carbon black, carbon black fines, and metallic elements;(b) cooling said pyrolysis solids within said crucible to provide cooled pyrolysis solids;(c) emptying said cooled pyrolysis solids from said crucible into a solids transfer zone;(d) transferring at least a portion of said pyrolysis solids from said solids transfer zone to a solids cooling zone;(e) further cooling said pyrolysis solids in said solids cooling zone to provide further cooled pyrolysis solids;(f) separating said further cooled pyrolysis solids into carbon black and metallic elements in a solids separation zone;(g) loading at least a portion of said carbon black into one or more storage containers in a loading zone, wherein at least one of said emptying, said transferring, said further cooling, said separating, and said loading causes at least a portion of said carbon black fines to be emitted into the ...

Подробнее
02-02-2017 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS SYSTEMS WITH SOLIDS RECYCLE

Номер: US20170029709A1
Автор: Schneider Chuck
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for processing pyrolyzable materials in order to recover one or more usable end products are provided. Pyrolysis methods and systems according to various aspects of the present invention are able to thermally decompose carbon-containing materials, including, for example, tires and other rubber-containing materials, in order recover hydrocarbon-containing products including synthesis gas, pyrolysis oil, and carbon black. Systems and methods according to aspects of the present invention may be successful on a commercial scale, and may be suitable for processing a variety of feedstocks, including, but not limited to, used tires and other types of industrial, agricultural, and consumer waste materials. 1. A method of pyrolyzing a rubber-containing material , said method comprising:(a) at least partially filling a first crucible with a first quantity of said rubber-containing material;(b) heating said first crucible in a pyrolysis zone under conditions sufficient to pyrolyze at least a portion of said first quantity of said rubber-containing material to thereby provide pyrolysis vapors and pyrolysis solids;(c) cooling said pyrolysis solids within said first crucible to form a first quantity of cooled pyrolysis solids, wherein said first quantity of cooled pyrolysis solids comprises carbon black and at least partially unpyrolyzed rubber-containing material;(d) returning at least a portion of said first quantity of cooled pyrolysis solids to said pyrolysis zone; and(e) heating at least a portion of the returned pyrolysis solids in said pyrolysis zone under conditions sufficient to pyrolyze at least a portion of said unpyrolyzed rubber-containing material in said returned pyrolysis solids.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said heating of said returned pyrolysis solids is carried out in said first crucible.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising claim 2 , prior to said heating of said returned pyrolysis solids claim 2 , combining said returned ...

Подробнее
17-02-2022 дата публикации

CATALYST, PYROLYSIS DEVICE AND PYROLYSIS METHOD

Номер: US20220048012A1
Принадлежит:

A catalyst is illustrated, which has 70-90 parts by weight of mica, 1-10 parts by weight of zeolite, 5-15 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 1-10 parts by weight of aluminum oxide, 1-5 parts by weight of sodium oxide and 1-5 parts by weight of potassium oxide. The present disclosure also illustrates a pyrolysis device using the catalyst, and further illustrates a pyrolysis method using the catalyst and/or the pyrolysis device for thermally cracking an organic polymer. 1. A catalyst , comprising:70-90 parts by weight of mica;1-10 parts by weight of zeolite;5-15 parts by weight of titanium dioxide;1-10 parts by weight of aluminum oxide;1-5 parts by weight of sodium oxide; and1-5 parts by weight of potassium oxide.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the mica is selected from at least one of muscovite mica claim 1 , hydromica claim 1 , bronze mica claim 1 , didymite claim 1 , zinnwaldite and lithium mica.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite is selected from at least one of echellite claim 1 , stilbite claim 1 , heulandite claim 1 , scolecite claim 1 , chabazite claim 1 , mordenite and cubicite.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises at least one of silicon dioxide claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , aluminum oxide claim 1 , ferric oxide and magnesium oxide.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises 1-3 parts by weight of solid base claim 1 , and the solid base com comprise at least one of sodium hydroxide claim 1 , sodium carbonate claim 1 , sodium bicarbonate claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium carbonate claim 1 , calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate.6. A pyrolysis device claim 1 , using the catalyst of for thermal cracking reaction claim 1 , comprising:a vertical thermal cracking main furnace, comprising:a furnace body, having a furnace roof, a furnace bottom and a furnace wall;an agitator shaft, disposed upright in the furnace body, provided with multiple agitator sheets;a thermal ...

Подробнее
05-02-2015 дата публикации

TREATMENT OF A FEEDSTOCK MATERIAL

Номер: US20150033755A1
Автор: Taylor Richard
Принадлежит: ADVANCED PLASMA POWER LIMITED

The present invention relates to a method for the treatment of a feedstock material, the method comprising: (i) thermally treating a feedstock material to produce an syngas; and (ii) plasma-treating the syngas in a plasma treatment unit in the presence of additional carbon dioxide to produce a refined syngas, wherein the additional carbon dioxide is added to the feedstock material during the thermal treatment and/or to the syngas before plasma treatment and/or introduced in the plasma treatment unit. 1. A method for the treatment of a feedstock material , the method comprising:(i) thermally treating a feedstock material to produce an syngas; and(ii) plasma-treating the syngas in a plasma treatment unit in the presence of additional carbon dioxide to produce a refined syngas,wherein the additional carbon dioxide is added to the feedstock material during the thermal treatment and/or to the syngas before plasma treatment and/or introduced in the plasma treatment unit.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the additional carbon dioxide is added to the feedstock material during the thermal treatment and introduced in the plasma treatment unit.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermal treatment is gasification carried out in a gasification unit claim 1 , preferably in a fluidised bed gasifier.4. (canceled)5. The method according to wherein the thermal treatment is gasification in a fluidised bed gasifier and wherein the fluidised bed is fluidised by introducing a flow of carbon dioxide and/or oxygen and/or steam into the fluidised bed gasifier.6. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the gasification produces an syngas and a solid non-airborne char claim 3 , and wherein the syngas and a solid non-airborne char are plasma treated claim 3 , preferably in the same plasma treatment unit.7. (canceled)8. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the feedstock material is fed into the gasification unit and/or the plasma treatment unit through an air lock ...

Подробнее
17-02-2022 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR TREATING WASTE MATERIAL AND A PRODUCT GAS

Номер: US20220049170A1
Принадлежит: TEKNOLOGIAN TUTKIMUSKESKUS VTT OY

The invention relates to an apparatus for treating waste material including organic components and radioactive agents. In the apparatus the waste material including organic components and radioactive agents are gasified at temperature between 600-950° C. in a fluidized bed reactor to form a gaseous material. The gaseous material is than cooled in a water quenching device so that temperature is between 300-500° C. after the cooling. The solid fraction including radioactive agents is removed from the gaseous material in a in at least one filtration device. A gas scrubbing device then removes sulphur by scrubbing the treated gaseous material after the filtration in order to form a treated gaseous material. 1. An apparatus for treating waste material including organic components and radioactive agents to form a treated gaseous material , the apparatus comprising:a fluidized bed reactor configured to gasify the waste material including organic components and radioactive agents from the group consisting of resins, clothes, contaminated wood, and contaminated vegetable matter, wherein the radioactive agents are low-level and/or medium-level radioactive agents, using air at an air ratio greater than zero and less than 1 at temperatures between 600-950° C. to form a gaseous material,a water quenching device configured to quench the gaseous material to temperature which is between 300-500° C. after cooling by water quenching to form a cooled gaseous material,a gas cleaning device configured to remove a solid fraction by filtration carried out at temperature between 300-500° C. in at least one filtration device, including removing the radioactive agents, from the cooled gaseous material and to form a treated gaseous material, anda gas scrubbing device configured to remove sulphur by scrubbing from the treated gaseous material after the filtration.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one heat exchanger for cooling the gaseous material.3. The ...

Подробнее
05-02-2015 дата публикации

Solvent Extraction of Bitumen Using Heat From Combustion of Product Cleaning Streams

Номер: US20150034530A1
Принадлежит:

Described herein is a process that employs heat, derived from the combustion of product cleaning streams, such as waste streams, in a solvent-based extraction process. Solvent extraction of bitumen generally involves combining solvent with a bituminous feed to produce a cleaned bitumen product. Solvent is recovered, for example by utilizing heat to cause evaporation, and recovered solvent may be re-used. In an exemplary embodiment, hot flue gas from waste stream combustion may provide the heat to evaporate the solvent. Product cleaning waste streams may be ones produced from the trim cleaning of solvent extracted bitumen or from treatment of bitumen froth produced in a water-based extraction process. The heat generated can contribute to the energy requirements of the overall solvent extraction of bitumen. 1. A process for generating heat from extracting oil from oil sands ore , the process comprising:contacting the oil sands ore with a non-aqueous solvent to form an oil sands slurry;mixing the oil sands slurry with an aqueous bridging liquid and agglomerating solids in the oil sands slurry;separating the oil sands slurry into a high solids stream and a low solids stream, wherein the high solids stream comprises 60% or more of solids from the oil sands slurry, and the high solids stream comprises agglomerated solids;removing the non-aqueous solvent from the high solids stream to form a dry solids stream, wherein the dry solids stream comprises residual hydrocarbons; andcombusting the residual hydrocarbons within the dry solids stream to generate heat and to fuse together the agglomerated solids due to high temperature treatment during combustion to form fused agglomerates.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising removing residual solids from the low solids stream to form a bitumen product and a product cleaning waste stream claim 1 , wherein the product cleaning waste stream comprises the residual solids and residual hydrocarbons.3. The process of claim 2 , ...

Подробнее
04-02-2021 дата публикации

Non-polluting Biomass Waste Processor, Components and Processes for Use by a Municipality, Industrial, Forestry and/or Agricultural Facility

Номер: US20210031250A1
Принадлежит:

Implementations of a non-polluting biomass processor, and manufactured processor components are disclosed which at least partly address the local technical problems of a municipality, business, and/or organization, to generate non-polluting emissions, while generating at least one, often two or more, product outputs from biomass feedstocks input into the biomass processor. Examples of the operations of the biomass processor and various combinations of its manufactured processor components are disclosed. The product outputs may include carbon char and/or activated carbon, both of which may be used to increase water retention in climates with hot, dry summers and/or used to remediate water pollution in water reservoirs. 1. An apparatus , comprising:{'b': 1000', '1010', '1050', '1030', '1042', '1044, 'A1) a non-polluting biomass processor adapted to respond to receipt of a biomass feedstock to generate at least two product outputs to at least partly address at least one local technical problem , with said product outputs generated with non-polluting atmospheric emission and with non-polluting water emission ;'}{'b': '1016', 'B1) wherein said biomass feedstock includes a version of a municipal waste biomass ; and'}{'b': 1030', '1036, 'C1) said local technical problem includes a waste treatment problem .'}2107210601070108012521522. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said product outputs include at least two of a carbon char claim 1 , a bio-oil claim 1 , an activated carbon claim 1 , a syngas and a form of pyrogas ( and/or ).310801080. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said syngas has a particulate density that insures non-polluting use of said syngas .4171017121714. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said supply problem includes at least one of a local biomass waste composition claim 1 , a local biomass waste seasonal variation claim 1 , and a local biomass waste daily variation .51700170217041706. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said local technical problem includes ...

Подробнее
31-01-2019 дата публикации

DRY DISTILLATION GASIFICATION WASTE INCINERATION METHOD

Номер: US20190032917A1
Автор: Kaneko Masamoto
Принадлежит:

A plurality of dry distillation furnaces (), () are provided for a single combustion furnace (). When wastes (A) in the dry distillation furnace () are subjected to dry distillation to produce a combustible gas and introduce the combustible gas into the combustion furnace () to burn, control is carried out such that a temperature (Tc) in the combustion furnace () becomes a first temperature. When the temperature (Tc) in the combustion furnace () is the first temperature, the presence of the wastes (A) in the dry distillation furnace () is detected, the wastes (A) in the dry distillation furnace () are ignited to subject the wastes (A) to dry distillation thereby to produce a combustible gas, and the introduction of the combustible gas into the combustion furnace () is started. 1. A dry distillation gasification waste incineration method in which a plurality of dry distillation furnaces are provided for one combustion furnace , wastes held in each of the dry distillation furnaces are sequentially dry-distilled thereby to produce a combustible gas , and control is carried out such that a temperature in the combustion furnace becomes a predetermined first temperature in a case where the combustible gas is introduced into the combustion furnace and burnt , the method comprising:a step of supplying oxygen required for the dry distillation of the wastes to a first dry distillation furnace while controlling a degree of opening of a first valve provided in a first oxygen supply passage such that the temperature in the combustion furnace becomes the first temperature by the combustion of the combustible gas in the case where the combustible gas is produced by dry-distilling wastes held in the first dry distillation furnace by using the oxygen supplied to the first dry distillation furnace through the first oxygen supply passage from an oxygen supply source, and the combustible gas is introduced into the combustion furnace and burnt;a step of detecting presence of wastes in a ...

Подробнее
04-02-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS VESSEL FOR FORMING FUEL COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20210032555A1
Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to a processing that includes a first shell and a second shell disposed within the first shell. The second shell includes a first end, a second end, and a wall extending between the first end and the second end. The second shell also defines a cavity and a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end. A cross section of the second shell transverse to the longitudinal axis includes a first arcuate inner wall portion having a first radius of curvature and a second arcuate inner wall portion having a second radius of curvature. The first radius of curvature is larger than the second radius of curvature. 120.-. (canceled)21. A vessel comprising:a first shell;a second shell disposed within the first shell, the second shell comprising a first end, a second end, and a wall extending from the first end to the second end, the second shell defining a cavity, the second shell further defining a primary longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end, the second shell having a cross section that is transverse to the primary longitudinal axis, the cross section including first, second, third, and fourth arcuate inner wall portions, the second arcuate inner wall portion forming a channel between the third arcuate inner wall portion and the fourth arcuate inner wall portion;a first mixer disposed in the cavity;a second mixer disposed in the cavity; andan extruder element disposed in the channel in the cavity.22. The vessel of claim 21 , wherein the first mixer and the second mixer each comprise a rotary mixing blade.23. The vessel of claim 21 , wherein the extruder element is an extrusion screw.24. The vessel of claim 21 , wherein the first arcuate inner wall portion has a first radius of curvature and the second arcuate inner wall portion has a second radius of curvature that is larger than the first radius of curvature.25. The vessel of claim 21 , wherein an annular enclosure is defined between the first shell ...

Подробнее
11-02-2016 дата публикации

Conversion of polymer containing materials to petroleum products

Номер: US20160040073A1
Принадлежит: Pk Clean Technologies Inc

Systems and methods achieve the conversion of polymer containing material into petroleum products such as hydrocarbon gas, wax, crude oil and diesel. The reactor and its system are designed to subject the polymer containing material to pyrolysis in a way that results in a higher petroleum product yield than conventional existing systems. The system has controls which allow for the heating temperature, rotation of the body, and throughput rate, to be adjusted depending on the reaction time required for the material inside the reactor. The condensing system is able to separate the products into the desired petroleum products by percentage output ranging from wax to crude-like oil to diesel-quality oil.

Подробнее
06-02-2020 дата публикации

BIOMASS PROCESSING DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Номер: US20200040259A1
Принадлежит:

Biomass processing devices, systems and methods used to convert biomass to, for example, liquid hydrocarbons, renewable chemicals, and/or composites are described. The biomass processing system can include a pyrolysis device, a hydroprocessor and a gasifier. Biomass, such as wood chips, is fed into the pyrolysis device to produce char and pyrolysis vapors. Pyrolysis vapors are processed in the hydroprocessor, such as a deoxygenation device, to produce hydrocarbons, light gas, and water. Water and char produced by the system can be used in the gasifier to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which may be recycled back to the pyrolysis device and/or hydroprocessor. 1. A pyrolysis device comprising:a housing having an inlet and an outlet; and an upstream end adjacent the inlet of the housing;', 'a downstream end adjacent the outlet of the housing;', 'a core extending between the upstream end and the downstream end; and', 'a helical blade wound around the core between the upstream end and the downstream end;, 'an auger positioned within the housing, the auger having the inlet of the housing is configured to receive biomass; and', 'the pyrolysis device is configured to convert the biomass to a pyrolysis vapor and to', 'produce a pressure seal formed by material in transition between biomass and pyrolysis vapor, the pressure being seal positioned between the inlet of the housing and the outlet of the housing., 'wherein2. The pyrolysis device of claim 1 , wherein the core of the auger is tapered from a first diameter at the upstream end to a second diameter at the downstream end claim 1 , the first diameter being smaller than the second diameter.3. The pyrolysis device of claim 2 , wherein:the helical blade has a blade height measured from an outer surface of the core in a direction perpendicular to a rotational axis of the core to a terminal end of the helical blade; andthe height of the helical blade varies from the upstream end to the downstream end of the auger.4. The ...

Подробнее
06-02-2020 дата публикации

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF INCREASED VOLUMES OF PURE TERPENES AND TERPENOIDS FROM SCRAP POLYMERS AND ELASTOMERS

Номер: US20200040261A9
Принадлежит:

A device and process for the vacuum pyrolization of scrap tires to produce a pyrolytic oil from which valuable terpenes such as limonene and pulegone may be extracted and purified. 1. A device for the pyrolysis of tires to form pyrolytic oils containing limonene and pulegone comprising;a nitrogen blanket bin for accepting shredded, washed, and dried automobile tires;at least one vacuum-lock valve;a helical screw which slowly turns to generate a mixture of shredded automobile tires and an additive/catalyst that can flow from the nitrogen blanket bin;at least one heater for heating the mixture from ambient temperature to about 450 degrees Celsius;a release valve for controlling the release of at least one of either a material and a vapor from the nitrogen blanket vacuum sealed furnace through a thin film evaporator and into a contactor/separator for recovery of at least one of either a type of terpene or a type of terpenoid from a mixture that has at least one of either the material or the vapor, wherein the contactor/separator can generate a pyrolytic vapor from the at least one of either the material or the vapor after a set of solids is removed from the mixture, and wherein the contactor/separator includes a chiller assembly for reducing the temperature of the pyrolytic vapor, a first heatable distillation column for reheating and cooling the mixture, a second heatable distillation column containing internal components that are at least one of either sieve trays or structured packing, wherein the second distillation column separates types of terpenes and the types of terpenoids that have been extracted from the mixture, wherein the mixture is passed through a small orifice disposed between the first distillation column and the second distillation column to thereby reduce the temperature of the mixture as it enters the second distillation column, wherein the terpenes and terpenoids are removed from the second distillation column through at least one tap mounted on ...

Подробнее
18-02-2016 дата публикации

PROCESSING OF OFF-GAS FROM WASTE TREATMENT

Номер: US20160045865A1
Принадлежит:

Waste treatment comprises heating it in a chamber to effect pyrolysis of the waste, introducing oxygen into the chamber to effect combustion of the pyrolyzed waste, and contacting off-gas from the pyrolysis and/or combustion steps with an oxidation catalyst to convert carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the off-gas into carbon dioxide and water and with a reduction catalyst to convert nitrous oxides to nitrogen and oxygen. Thus, domestic waste is treated in a batch process using catalytic converters to reduce the level of toxic components before off-gas reaches the atmosphere. 144-. (canceled)45. A method for treatment of a waste , comprising:heating the waste in a chamber to an elevated temperature to effect pyrolysis of the waste;introducing oxygen into the chamber to effect gasification of the pyrolyzed waste such that pyrolysis and gasification are carried out in sequence in the same chamber, wherein an off-gas is produced;contacting off-gas from the pyrolysis and/or gasification steps with an oxidation catalyst to convert carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the off-gas into carbon dioxide and water;measuring the oxygen content of an exhaust gas from the oxidation catalyst using an oxygen sensor, and using this information to modulate an air input to the oxidation catalyst or to the chamber or to both the oxidation catalyst and the chamber so as to maintain the oxygen level of a gas exiting an apparatus comprising the chamber and the oxidation catalyst; andmonitoring the oxidation catalyst temperature using a temperature sensor in or near the oxidation catalyst so that an increase in temperature triggers an increase in the air input to the oxidation catalyst to reduce the temperature.46. The method according to claim 45 , wherein the elevated temperature to effect pyrolysis is from 400-700° C.47. The method according to claim 45 , wherein the oxygen level of the gas exiting the apparatus is maintained within the 1-16% range.48. The method according to claim 45 , ...

Подробнее
06-02-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR WASTE TREATMENT

Номер: US20200041123A1
Принадлежит:

A waste treatment unit. It comprises at least one gasifier having a main receptacle () with a waste inlet (), a syngas outlet () and an ashtray outlet (). In the interior of the receptacle there is a body () with at least one inclined section () disposed opposite to the waste inlet (), and with a base () which creates a depletion shaft () that prevents the passage of waste; and a dividing wall () in contact with said body () or an evacuation tube () in the interior of the body (), such as to create a waste zone () that encompasses at least the zone where the inclined section () is located, and a waste-free zone () wherethrough the syngas produced during oxidation of the waste flows towards the syngas outlet (). 11268. A waste treatment unit comprising at least one gasifier having a main receptacle () with a waste inlet () disposed in the upper section of the receptacle , a syngas outlet () and an ashtray outlet () , characterised in that the gasifier comprises:{'b': 4', '7', '1', '7', '2', '14', '17', '14', '1', '9', '1', '4', '9', '4', '6', '14', '4', '15', '1', '7', '4', '16', '6, 'i': a', 'b, 'a body () with at least one inclined section (), disposed in the interior of the receptacle (), with the inclined section () disposed opposite to the waste inlet () and with a base () disposed such as to generate a depletion shaft () between said base () and the walls of the receptacle () that prevents the passage of waste; and comprises a dividing wall () disposed in the interior of the receptacle () and in contact with the body (), or an evacuation tube () disposed in the interior of the body () which comprises at least a first end corresponding to the syngas outlet () and a second end disposed corresponding to the base () of the revolution body (), such as to create a waste zone () in the receptacle (), that encompasses at least the zone wherein the inclined section () of the body () is located and wherein the waste that enters through the waste inlet is accumulated, and ...

Подробнее
15-02-2018 дата публикации

Systems and methods for converting biomass to biocrude via hydrothermal liquefaction

Номер: US20180045407A1
Принадлежит: University of Texas System

Systems and processes of providing novel thermal energy sources for hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) reactors are described herein. According to various implementations, the systems and processes use concentrated solar thermal energy from a focused high-energy beam to provide sufficient energy for driving the HTL biomass-to-biocrude process. In addition, other implementations convert biowaste, such as municipal biosolids and grease and food waste, to biocrude using anaerobic digesters, and a portion of the biogas generated by the digesters is used to produce the thermal and/or electrical energy used in the HTL reactor for the biomass-to-biocrude process. Furthermore, alternative implementations may include a hybrid system that uses biogas and solar radiation to provide sufficient thermal energy for the HTL reactor.

Подробнее
03-03-2022 дата публикации

COMPACT AND MAINTAINABLE WASTE REFORMATION APPARATUS

Номер: US20220062846A1
Принадлежит: Raven SR, Inc.

Methods and apparatus for compact and easily maintainable waste reformation. Some embodiments include a rotary oven reformer adapted and configured to provide synthesis gas from organic waste. Some embodiments include a rotary oven with simplified operation both as to reformation of the waste, usage of the synthesized gas and other products, and easy removal of the finished waste products, preferably in a unit of compact size for use in austere settings. Yet other embodiments include Fischer-Tropsch reactors of synthesized gas. Some of these reactors include heat exchanging assemblies that provide self-cleaning effects, efficient utilization of waste heat, and ease of cleaning.

Подробнее
03-03-2022 дата публикации

HELICAL STIRRING SYSTEM FOR A PLASTIC CONVERSION VESSEL

Номер: US20220064533A1
Принадлежит:

A plastic pyrolytic conversion vessel comprises a conveying mechanism for moving a liquid, or a semi-molten, or a molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof through the vessel. During pyrolyzation of the waste material, the same is heated and vaporized and undergoes in situ chemical reactions comprising cracking, recombination, reforming, recracking, and the like, and is subsequently removed from the vessel. A plurality of scraper blades serve to mix the liquid, or the semi-molten, or the molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof and convey the waste material forward toward a vessel egress. In another embodiment, one or more sweeping devices serve to move forward the waste material that is located between adjacent rotating conveyor devices.

Подробнее
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Gas Collection Apparatus

Номер: US20160053181A1
Принадлежит: DIACARBON TECHNOLOGIES Inc

The disclosure provides a gas collection apparatus. The present apparatus may be used, for example, in a system for producing biocoal or biochar or bio-oil from biomass. The present gas collection apparatus may be part of a thermochemical biomass reactor. The present gas collection apparatus may be part of a syngas management system. Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a gas collection apparatus for fluidly communicating with a retort of a biomass reactor, said collection apparatus comprising two or more gas collection pipes in fluid communication with spaced apart sections of said retort; and a gas collection manifold in fluid communication with said pipes. The gas collection apparatus is designed such that the gases collected by one pipe do not mix with those collected by another within the piping network.

Подробнее
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Method & Apparatus for Producing Biochar

Номер: US20160053182A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides, at least in part, a system for pyrolysis of biomass, the system comprising: (a) a reactor having a retort extending therethrough, said retort comprising a conveyor, an inlet, and an outlet; the reactor further comprising at least one thermosensor, the thermosensor capable of generating a signal when the temperature is above optimal levels; (b) a heating system adapted to heat the reactor; (c) a syn-gas management system; the management system comprising a syn-gas storage tank having an inlet and an outlet, said inlet in fluid communication with the reactor, and said outlet in fluid communication with the heating system and syn-gas outlet such as a flare or storage tank wherein the communication is controlled via a valve configurable between at least a first position where flow is directed to the heating system and a second position where flow is directed to the flare pipe; and (d) a controller in communication with the thermosensor and the valve; wherein the controller switches the valve from the first position to the second position upon receiving a signal from the thermosensor that the temperature in the reactor is above optimal levels. 3. The system of or comprising a dryer for drying the biomass prior to entry into the reactor.4. The system of or comprising a biochar delivery system for receiving the biochar from the reactor.5. The system of wherein the biochar delivery system comprises a cooling zone claim 4 , a compaction area claim 4 , with a rotary airlock valve therebetween.6. The system of or comprising an additive delivery system for introducing additives to the biochar.76. The system of - wherein the additive delivery system is located with the biochar delivery system.8. The system of or wherein the controller is a programmable logic controller.9. The system of or wherein the controller further controls the speed of the conveyor.109. The system of any of - wherein the conveyor is an auger.11. A method for converting ...

Подробнее
13-02-2020 дата публикации

SEPARATED CHAMBERS PYROLYSIS FURNACE

Номер: US20200048559A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention is directed to an apparatus for domestic hot water and electricity production by the use of a natural organic fuel, the apparatus comprising a separated chambers pyrolysis furnace comprising: a) a pyrolysis chamber wherein the fuel is heated, substantially in the absence of oxygen at a temperature capable of causing pyrolysis of fuel; b) a combustion chamber of the pyrolyzed fuel, wherein the pyrolyzed fuel is burned in the presence of an air flux. The invention is also directed to an apparatus for the production of domestic hot water and electricity, which apparatus comprises: the above defined furnace; b) a heat exchanger connected to the exit of the exhausted gas, wherein domestic water is heated; c) a power generator connected with the exit of syngas, wherein syngas produced in the pyrolysis chamber is used as a fuel. 21250104020. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace comprises an entrance for the organic fuel claim 1 , an entrance () for air claim 1 , an exit () in the pyrolysis chamber () for syngas and an exit () in the combustion chamber () for the exhausted gas.320. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein in the combustion chamber () it is present a probe for the measurement of oxygen concentration claim 1 , preferably a lambda probe.420. Apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the airflow inside the combustion zone () is regulated as a function of oxygen concentration.5. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the natural organic fuel is selected from pellet claim 1 , chips claim 1 , hazelnut shells claim 1 , sawing claim 1 , biomasses.61050. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis zone () consists of a cochlea claim 1 , and the syn-gas produced by pyrolysis is extracted through pipe () connected to an aspiration pump.72011401011. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the combustion zone () is fed by a star valve () claim 1 , and the exhaust fumes pipe () is connected to the pyrolysis zone () ...

Подробнее
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Waste gasification melting apparatus and waste gasification melting method using the same

Номер: US20160053992A1
Принадлежит: JFE Engineering Corp

Problem to be Solved To provide a waste gasification melting apparatus which, even if a fuel gas is used as an alternative to a part of the coke, the temperature of the coke bed can be sufficiently raised, and a method using the same. Solution A waste gasification melting apparatus including an oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 for blowing oxygen rich air into a tuyere 5 , and a fuel gas supply apparatus 15 for supplying a fuel gas to the tuyere 5 , and a controller 16 for controlling the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 ; the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 mixing air and oxygen to prepare oxygen rich air and supply the oxygen rich air to the tuyere 5 ; and the controller 16 controlling the amount of air to be mixed and the amount of oxygen to be mixed in the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 so as to give an oxygen concentration of the oxygen rich air in accordance with the amount of fuel gas supplied to the tuyere 5 from the fuel gas supply apparatus 15.

Подробнее
22-02-2018 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS RETORT METHODS AND APPARATUS

Номер: US20180051876A1
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis surface such as a rotating retort is provided by copper sheet supported by a nickel alloy framework. Pyrolysis is used to destroy calorific waste and/or to produce gas therefrom. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus comprising a structure constructed at least partially of a sheet of a high thermal conductivity metal affixed to a framework of a high temperature strength metal.2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , in which the high thermal conductivity metal comprises copper.3. Apparatus according to claim 2 , in which the high thermal conductivity metal is high purity copper.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 , in which the high temperature strength metal is a nickel alloy.5. Apparatus according to claim 1 , in which the high temperature strength metal is a stainless steel.6. Apparatus according to claim 1 , in which the two metals are explosively welded together.7. Apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising a rotatable retort.8. (canceled)9. Apparatus according to claim 7 , in which said retort is cylindrical.10. The apparatus of claim 7 , comprising a first body of co-rotating inner and outer bodies.11. (canceled)12. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein said inner body is constructed of a high thermal conductivity metal.13. The apparatus of claim 12 , in which the inner body contains holes to allow particulate material to pass therethrough.14. The apparatus of claim 12 , in which the inner and outer bodies carry vanes to retain particulate material.15. The apparatus of claim 14 , in which the vanes are symmetrical.16. The apparatus of claim 15 , in which the vanes have a T-shaped cross-section.17. The apparatus of claim 14 , in which the vanes are constructed of a high thermal conductivity metal.18. The apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising a rotatable drive configured to rotate the retort.19. (canceled)20. A gasifier comprising a pyrolysis structure at least partially constructed of a sheet of high thermal conductivity metal affixed to a framework of high ...

Подробнее
23-02-2017 дата публикации

HIGH ORGANIC CONCURRENT DECOATING KILN

Номер: US20170051914A1
Автор: RAUCH EDWIN L.
Принадлежит: Novelis Inc.

A high organic concurrent decoating kiln includes a low-oxygen zone and a high-oxygen zone. The disclosed kiln allows a gas low in free oxygen to be used in the initial stages of decoating, while a gas higher in free oxygen can be used in the final stages. The total amount of free oxygen used throughout the kiln, in particular at the upstream portion of the kiln, is kept low. Exhaust gas can be recirculated for use in a burner-fired chamber that provides the initial low-oxygen gas to the kiln. 1. A decoating kiln , comprising: an entry side for accepting metal scrap and a low-oxygen hot gas; and', 'an exit side for outputting decoated scrap and accepting a high-oxygen hot gas;, 'a rotating drum comprisingan exhaust tube positioned within the rotating drum for exhausting a mixture of exhaust gas and entrained scrap;a cyclone coupled to the exhaust tube for separating the entrained scrap from the exhaust gas; andan exit port coupled to the cyclone for exhausting the exhaust gas.2. The decoating kiln of claim 1 , further comprising:a multicyclone coupled to the exit port for separating particles from the exhaust gas; anda burner-fired chamber coupled to the multicyclone for accepting the exhaust gas and generating the low-oxygen hot gas.3. The decoating kiln of claim 1 , further comprising:a low-oxygen hot gas entry duct coupled to the decoating kiln proximate the entry side; anda high-oxygen hot gas entry duct coupled to the decoating kiln proximate the exit side.4. The decoating kiln of claim 2 , further comprising:a low-oxygen hot gas entry duct coupled to the decoating kiln proximate the entry side; anda high-oxygen hot gas entry duct coupled to the decoating kiln proximate the exit side.5. The decoating kiln of claim 4 , wherein:the exhaust tube is configured to remove exhaust gas from the decoating kiln; andthe burner-fired chamber uses at least a portion of the exhaust gas to generate a low-oxygen hot gas provided to the low-oxygen hot gas entry duct.6. The ...

Подробнее
01-03-2018 дата публикации

Chain drag system for treatment of carbaneous waste feedstock and method for the use thereof

Номер: US20180056262A1
Принадлежит: Aemerge LLC, Amerge LLC

A drag chain carbonizer is provided with a system and methods for anaerobic thermal conversion processing to convert waste into various solid carbonized products and varied further co-products. The drag-chain carbonizer includes an adjustable bed depth mechanism, a heating mechanism, a pressure management mechanism, an atmospheric management mechanism, and a chain tensioning mechanism containing at least one position sensor for communication of an actuator position to at least one programmable logic controller (PLC). Carbonaceous waste is transformed into useful co-products that can be re-introduced into the stream of commerce at various economically advantageous points. Depending upon the input materials and the parameters selected to process the waste, including real time economic and other market parameters, the system adjusts co-products output to reflect changing market conditions.

Подробнее
20-02-2020 дата публикации

Stable and environmentally friendly combustion method for biomass gasification, combustible gas, and environmentally friendly combustion chamber

Номер: US20200056784A1
Принадлежит: NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY

An environmentally friendly combustion chamber for stable combustion of biomass gasification combustible gas. The combustion chamber is divided into a first stage cavity body (45) and a second stage cavity body (48) by a honeycomb-shaped heat storage body (46). A combustion pipe (41) is connected to a biomass gas inlet and a primary air distribution pipe (54), the combustion pipe (41) is connected to the first stage cavity body (45), and an ignition gun (42) and a thermocouple T1 are arranged on the first stage cavity body (45). A secondary air distribution pipe (47), opposite the honeycomb-shaped heat storage body (46), and a thermocouple T2 are arranged within the second stage cavity body (48), and the second stage cavity body (48) is connected to an outlet high temperature flue gas pipe (51). The primary air distribution pipe (54), a primary air volume adjustment valve (52), the secondary air distribution pipe (47) and a secondary air volume adjustment valve (53) are connected together to an air supply fan (49), and a controller (50) is connected to the thermocouple T1, the thermocouple T2, the primary air volume adjustment valve (52), the secondary air volume adjustment valve (53) and the air supply fan (49). The combustion chamber solves the problems of unstable combustion flames in traditional combustors, and high nitrogen oxide amounts in tail flue gas.

Подробнее
17-03-2022 дата публикации

Process for de-polymerization of styrenic monomer-containing polymers and for retrieval of styrenic monomers

Номер: US20220081372A1
Принадлежит: INEOS STYROLUTION GROUP GMBH

The invention relates to an improved process for providing purified styrenic monomers, such as styrene, from styrene-containing polymer waste. Styrene-containing waste is depolymerized in a suitable reactor, and the depolymerization products are condensed and separated in a three-step distillation process.

Подробнее
15-03-2018 дата публикации

MULTISTAGE THERMOLYSIS METHOD FOR SAFE AND EFFICIENT CONVERSION OF CARPET/RUG, POLYMERIC MATERIALS AND OTHER WASTE SOURCES

Номер: US20180072955A1
Принадлежит:

Clean, safe and efficient methods, systems, and processes for utilizing thermolysis methods to processes to convert various carpet, rug, polymeric materials and other waste sources, such as solid waste, tires, manure, auto shredder residue, glass and carbon fiber composite materials, municipal solid wastes, medical wastes, waste wood and the like into a Clean Fuel Gas and Char source are disclosed. The invention processes the carpet, rug, polymeric material to effectively shred and/or grind the waste source, such as post-consumer carpet remnants and waste, and then process using thermolysis methods to destroy and/or separate halogen and other dangerous components to provide a Clean Fuel Gas and Char source. Additional waste sources, such as solid waste, tires, manure, auto shredder residue, glass and carbon fiber composite materials, municipal solid wastes, medical wastes, waste wood and the like, are suitable for the processing of the invention disclosed. 121-. (canceled)22: A method for converting a composite waste source to a Clean Fuel Gas source and Char source comprising:inputting a waste source into a thermolysis system; wherein the thermolysis system comprises at least two reactors, at least two gas scrubbers, an oil/water separator, and an oil/tar cracker;destroying and/or removing toxic compounds present in the waste source; andgenerating the Clean Fuel Gas and Char source,wherein the reactors have a process temperature of about 300° C.-800° C. and generate tars and oils;wherein all of the oils and tars are separated from the Clean Fuel Gas source in the at least two gas scrubbers, thereafter cracked in the oil/tar cracker, and sent back to the secondary reactor to generate more of the Clean Fuel Gas source;wherein the Clean Fuel Gas source and Char source are substantially-free of halogenated organic compounds and do not contain oils and/or tars.23: The method of claim 22 , wherein the composite waste source comprises glass composite claim 22 , carbon ...

Подробнее
24-03-2022 дата публикации

HEAT TREATMENT APPARATUS

Номер: US20220089954A1
Принадлежит:

A heat treatment apparatus has a first screw conveyor, a second screw conveyor, a first nozzle pipe, and a second nozzle pipe. If the first screw conveyor rotates right, the first nozzle pipe is disposed on the left lateral side of the first screw conveyor. If the first screw conveyor rotates left, the first nozzle pipe is disposed on the right lateral side of the first screw conveyor. If the second screw conveyor rotates right, the second nozzle pipe is disposed on the left lateral side of the second screw conveyor. If the second screw conveyor rotates left, the second nozzle pipe is disposed on the right lateral side of the second screw conveyor. 1. A heat treatment apparatus comprising:a first screw conveyor;a second screw conveyor in parallel with the first screw conveyor;a first nozzle pipe which is disposed on a lateral side of the first screw conveyor and which ejects a high-temperature gas composed of superheated steam or a high-temperature combustion gas; anda second nozzle pipe which is disposed on a lateral side of the second screw conveyor and which ejects a high-temperature gas composed of superheated steam or a high-temperature combustion gas,wherein, in the case where a discharge side is viewed from an input side for a raw material to be treated, the first nozzle pipe is disposed on a left lateral side of the first screw conveyor in the case where the first screw conveyor rotates right, and the first nozzle pipe is disposed on a right lateral side of the first screw conveyor in the case where the first screw conveyor rotates left, andin the case where a discharge side is viewed from an input side for a raw material to be treated, the second nozzle pipe is disposed on the left lateral side of the second screw conveyor in the case where the second screw conveyor rotates right, and the second nozzle pipe is disposed on the right lateral side of the second screw conveyor in the case where the second screw conveyor rotates left.2. The heat treatment ...

Подробнее
15-03-2018 дата публикации

WASTE TREATMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20180073735A1
Принадлежит: Pyropure Limited

In apparatus and method for waste treatment by pyrolysis, treated waste is flushed through a grid () to trap recyclable material in the pyrolysis chamber (). Pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature of from 400-700° C. and off gases are dissolved in a solution in scrubber () for disposal in a water course. Water is introduced into the chamber as superheated steam via pipes () so as both to flush away treated material and clean the chamber. Recyclable waste is separated from non-recyclable by treating non-recyclable waste by pyrolysis, and flushing treated non-recyclable waste away through liquid exhaust (). Apparatus is made as a modular, free-standing unit and comprises plugs for connection to an electricity supply, to a water supply, and to a sewage system () and has a chamber with a volume in the range 0.01-0.5 m. 181-. (canceled)82. A process for waste treatment comprising:introducing waste into a chamber,heating the waste to an elevated temperature to effect pyrolysis of the waste,introducing oxygen into the chamber to effect combustion of the waste, andflushing the combusted waste from the chamber with water,wherein the temperature to effect pyrolysis is from 400-700° C. and the temperature to effect combustion is at least 400° C.83. The process of claim 82 , wherein the temperature to effect pyrolysis is from 500-600° C.84. The process of claim 83 , wherein the temperature to effect pyrolysis is about 550° C.85. The process of claim 82 , comprising holding the waste at the elevated temperature for from 10-90 minutes.86. The process of claim 82 , wherein the elevated temperature is held for from 20-60 minutes.87. The process of claim 82 , wherein the elevated temperature is held for from 25-40 minutes.88. The process of claim 82 , comprising holding the waste at the elevated temperature until 50% or more of the waste is degraded by pyrolysis.89. The process of claim 82 , wherein the temperature to effect combustion is at least 450° C.90. The process of claim ...

Подробнее
07-03-2019 дата публикации

Solid and Black Waste Mitigation System and Process

Номер: US20190072275A1
Принадлежит: Defense Life Sciences Inc, Leidos Inc

A system for waste processing includes a feeder for receiving a waste stream of carbonaceous materials, multiple independently controllable augers, a reactor and an incinerator. The reactor receives a waste stream from the feeder and using a controllable heating element assembly converts the carbonaceous materials in the waste stream to syngas. The incinerator uses the syngas from the reactor to incinerate separately received black water waste from a storage tank.

Подробнее
24-03-2016 дата публикации

SMALL HEATING SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED VENTILATION AND CYCLONIC COMBUSTION CHAMBER

Номер: US20160084499A1

A small heating system is provided for the combustion of solid fuels, having: a gasification zone for generating combustion gas and a combustion zone for combusting combustion gas; a first blower for supplying primary air into the gasification zone; and a second blower for supplying secondary air into the combustion zone , wherein the first blower can be regulated depending on the desired output of the small heating system and/or the second blower can be regulated depending on a desired oxygen content in the exhaust air from the combustion zone. 1. A small heating system for combustion of solid fuel with a gasification zone for production of fuel gas and a combustion zone for combustion of fuel gas , with a first blower for feeding primary air into the gasification zone and a second blower for feeding secondary air into the combustion , wherein the first blower is controllable depending on the desired performance of the small heating system and/or the second blower is controllable depending on a desired oxygen content in the exhaust of the combustion zone.2. The small heating system according to claim 1 , wherein the desired oxygen content is between 4% and 6% depending on the design of the small heating system.3. The small heating system according to claim 1 , further comprising an induced draft blower for improved exhaust transport.4. The small heating system according to claim 1 , wherein the combustion zone is configured in multiple stages claim 1 , and wherein in particular there is a main combustion stage and a post-combustion stage.5. The small heating system according to claim 1 , further comprising a combustion chamber in the form of a cyclone claim 1 , the combustion chamber is a main combustion stage.6. The small heating system according to claim 5 , wherein an immersion tube is included in the combustion chamber in the form of a cyclone claim 5 , so that sufficient mixing of the fuel gas and secondary air and an adequate dwell time of the fuel gas in the ...

Подробнее
23-03-2017 дата публикации

Pyrolysis systems

Номер: US20170081591A1
Автор: Frank Reed
Принадлежит: Individual

Systems and methods are disclosed for pyrolysis of waste feed material. Some systems include a main retort and a secondary retort. Syngas is produced by pyrolysis in the main retort, and is then mixed with combustion air and ignited, in some cases to produce energy. Carbon char travels to the secondary retort and is exhausted from the system through an airlock.

Подробнее
02-04-2015 дата публикации

SOLID FUEL BURNER-GASIFIER METHODS AND APPARATUS

Номер: US20150090164A1
Автор: Engel Thomas Wolfgang
Принадлежит:

A system for thermally processing solid fuel to produce pyrolysis gases, syngas, tar, char, and/or torrefied products, which includes a bulk solids pump having a curved passage to move a feedstock therein and wherein the pump includes a spool supported for rotational movement. A sleeve shaped chamber or chambers surround all or a portion of at least an axial extent of said curved passage to permit containment of heated gases to heat solid fuel within the curved passage to thermally process the feedstock within the pump. 1. A system for thermally processing solid fuel to produce pyrolysis gases , syngas , tar , char , and/or torrefied products which comprises:a bulk solids pump configured to move a solid fuel therein and wherein the pump comprises:a spool supported for rotational movement about an axis and having a geometric axis;a hoop surrounding at least an angular portion of said spool, said hoop being mounted in fixed relationship to said axis whereby upon rotation of said spool there is relative motion between said spool and said hoop;an inlet;an outlet;a curved passage within said spool disposed in communication between said inlet and said outlet, said curved passage extending within said spool, said curved passage having a generally circular axis and four sequential zones: (1) consolidation, (2) rotation, (3) relaxation and (4) discharge wherein in the first zone solid fuel enters the pump and consolidates as particles settle and come into contact with one another and the sides of the curved passage and at the end of the first zone the solid fuel is fully constrained by the curved passage, and inter-particle and surface contact forces produce the lock-up condition and wherein in the second zone the solid fuel rotates as a solid mass and as the solid fuel moves through the second zone to the third zone the solid fuel is approaching an unconstrained discharge where inter-particle forces fall, the solid fuel relaxes and regains its natural flowability and ...

Подробнее
25-03-2021 дата публикации

Pipe member, gasification combined power generation device, and pipe member assembly method

Номер: US20210087482A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Power Ltd

In order to allow for thermal elongation of a liner, a pipe member, in the interior of which flows a fluid containing solids, is provided with: a tubular outer pipe; a single tubular liner provided inside the outer pipe with a gap therebetween in the radial direction, or a plurality thereof arranged serially in the direction of the pipe axis C; a refractory material filled in between the outer pipe and the liner; a first liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side in a restrained state in the pipe axis C direction and the circumferential direction around the pipe axis C; and a second liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side.

Подробнее
29-03-2018 дата публикации

Sorbent containing engineered fuel feed stock

Номер: US20180086995A1

Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feed stocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles and contain a sorbent. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels. In addition, one or more sorbents can be added to the feed stocks in order to reduce the amount of a variety of pollutants present in traditional fuel and feed stocks, including, but not limited, sulfur and chlorine. Further, these feed stocks with added sorbent can mitigate corrosion, improve fuel conversion, extend power generating plant lifetime, reduce ash slagging, and reduced operating temperature.

Подробнее
21-03-2019 дата публикации

ROTATING DRUM DEVICE FOR USE WITH CARBONIZER SYSTEM AND PROCESS OF USE THEREOF

Номер: US20190085247A1
Принадлежит:

A rotating drum device for use with a carbonizer system and process of use thereof are provided. The drum device has an augered feed line, a center feed line for accepting introduced waste material in fluid communication with the augered feed line, control valves for controlling the amount of waste material moving through the drum at any given discrete point in time, and a heating jacket encapsulating a circumference of an outer wall of the drum that provides indirect thermal heating to the drum. Internal angled vanes are disposed along an inner wall of the drum and move waste material progressively through the drum. Constituent waste material may be separated with a magnetic strip disposed along an inner wall of the drum. Rotation of the drum is driven by at least one external rotating drum drive motor that engages external threads disposed along the outer wall of the drum. 1. A rotating drum device for use with a carbonizer system comprising:a drum rotatable about an axis, said drum having an inner wall and an outer wall;a plurality of internal angled vanes disposed along the inner wall of said drum, said plurality of internal angled vanes oriented so that waste material is moved progressively through said drum from an inlet within a first end of said drum towards a discharge outlet within a second end of said drum, said second end distal to said first end; andat least one external rotating drum drive motor in fluid communication with said drum.2. The rotating drum device of further comprising an inlet housing adapted to receive said first end of said drum claim 1 , said inlet housing having an inlet housing aperture in fluid communication with said inlet.3. The rotating drum device of further comprising a discharge housing adapted to receive said second end of said drum claim 1 , said discharge housing having a discharge housing aperture in fluid communication with said discharge outlet.4. The rotating drum device of further comprising a heating jacket ...

Подробнее
09-04-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONVERTING BIOMASS TO BIOCRUDE VIA HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION

Номер: US20150099275A1
Принадлежит:

Systems and processes of providing novel thermal energy sources for hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) reactors are described herein. According to various implementations, the systems and processes use concentrated solar thermal energy from a focused high-energy beam to provide sufficient energy for driving the HTL biomass-to-biocrude process. In addition, other implementations convert biowaste, such as municipal biosolids and grease and food waste, to biocrude using anaerobic digesters, and a portion of the biogas generated by the digesters is used to produce the thermal and/or electrical energy used in the HTL reactor for the biomass-to-biocrude process. Furthermore, alternative implementations may include a hybrid system that uses biogas and solar radiation to provide sufficient thermal energy for the HTL reactor. 1. A system for converting biomass to biocrude comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction reactor configured for converting biomass slurry to biocrude; anda generator configured for using at least a portion of thermal energy from combusted biogas for generating electrical energy, wherein the generated electrical energy and any remaining thermal energy from the biogas combustion are provided to the hydrothermal liquefaction reactor for heating the biomass slurry.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one anaerobic digester configured for digesting biosolid waste and producing the biogas.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a concentration mechanism configured for receiving the biosolids from the anaerobic digester and concentrating the biosolids prior to the biosolids being converted to biocrude by the hydrothermal liquefaction reactor.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the system is configured for being installed at least partially within a biosolids treatment facility.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the biogas is harvested remotely from the system.6. A system for converting biomass to biocrude comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction ...

Подробнее
12-05-2022 дата публикации

System and Process for Heavy Fuel Oil Pyrolysis

Номер: US20220145191A1
Автор: Schuppel Andreas
Принадлежит:

Provided is a system for continuous processing of heavy fuel oil from recycling waste oil and the processing residues of crude oil into useful products including means for feeding waste oil; at least one hot-gas filter, at least one condenser, at least one rotating kiln including an outer stationary jacket which forms a heating channel, and an inner rotating reactor, and means for removing solid coke from the rotating reactor. The at least one hot gas filter is configured to separate a naphtha/gasoil fraction after the processing of the heavy fuel oil from a soft coke fraction. The rotating reactor is configured to recover a solid coke fraction comprising high contaminant content. The invention further relates to a process for continuous processing of heavy fuel oil from recycling waste oil and the processing residues of crude oil into useful products, preferably with the system of the invention. Moreover, the invention relates to use of the products and waste products produced with the process and system of the invention. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said system comprises four spray lances of different length claim 1 , said spray lances comprising nozzles which project the heavy fuel oil evenly into the rotating reactor volume and onto the inner wall the rotating reactor.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said nozzles are arranged that the heavy fuel oil is sprayed directly on the inner wall of the rotating reactor.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rotating reactor is heated indirectly by gas burners claim 1 , which are mounted to the heating channel via a pre-combustion chamber.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rotating reactor is equipped on its outer wall with ribbed plates to ensure turbulent flow and even distribution of the heating gas in the heating channel.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein said system further comprises a diverter claim 1 , rotary valves claim 1 , a hot-rolling screw conveyor and a cooling screw conveyor for discharging the ...

Подробнее
12-05-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS VESSEL FOR FORMING FUEL COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20220145202A1
Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to a processing that includes a first shell and a second shell disposed within the first shell. The second shell includes a first end, a second end, and a wall extending between the first end and the second end. The second shell also defines a cavity and a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end. A cross section of the second shell transverse to the longitudinal axis includes a first arcuate inner wall portion having a first radius of curvature and a second arcuate inner wall portion having a second radius of curvature. The first radius of curvature is larger than the second radius of curvature. 120-. (canceled)21. A vessel comprising:a first shell;a second shell disposed within the first shell, the second shell comprising a first end, a second end, and a wall extending from the first end to the second end, the second shell defining a cavity, the second shell further defining a primary longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end, the second shell having a cross section that is transverse to the primary longitudinal axis, the cross section including first, second, third, and fourth arcuate inner wall portions, the second arcuate inner wall portion forming a channel between the third arcuate inner wall portion and the fourth arcuate inner wall portion;at least one mixer disposed in the cavity; anda heating structure coupled to a surface of the wall.22. The vessel of claim 21 , wherein the heating structure extends over a surface of the wall.23. The vessel of claim 22 , wherein the heating structure extends over an inner surface of the wall.24. The vessel of claim 22 , wherein the heating structure extends over an outer surface of the wall.25. The vessel of claim 24 , wherein an annular enclosure is defined between the first shell and the second shell.26. The vessel of claim 25 , wherein the heating structure comprises an insulating material disposed within the annular enclosure.27. The ...

Подробнее
08-04-2021 дата публикации

Material recycling appartus

Номер: US20210101192A1
Принадлежит: MANIK VENTURES Ltd

Thermal treatment techniques for recycling are generally very clean but their byproducts include a fine ash that may become entrained in the exhaust air plume as smoke. We therefore disclose a materials recycling apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber for processing the material at an elevated temperature, the chamber having a vent leading via a heat exchanger to a scrubber comprising a disrupted flow path, at least one spray nozzle directed towards the disrupted flow path, and a supply of liquid (ideally water with a little detergent) to the or each spray nozzle. In this way, the entrained ash can be efficiently removed from the air flow, allowing it to be vented, and the captured ash disposed of via a waste water outlet together with the ash washed from the chamber. The flow path can be disrupted by at least one baffle plate, ideally with the spray nozzle located ahead of the baffle plate(s). Thermal treatment techniques for recycling are generally very clean but their byproducts include a fine ash that may become entrained in the exhaust air plume as smoke. We therefore disclose a materials recycling apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber for processing the material at an elevated temperature, the chamber having a vent leading via a heat exchanger to a scrubber comprising a disrupted flow path, at least one spray nozzle directed towards the disrupted flow path, and a supply of liquid (ideally water with a little detergent) to the or each spray nozzle. In this way, the entrained ash can be efficiently removed from the air flow, allowing it to be vented, and the captured ash disposed of via a waste water outlet together with the ash washed from the chamber. The flow path can be disrupted by at least one baffle plate, ideally with the spray nozzle located ahead of the baffle plate(s).

Подробнее
03-07-2014 дата публикации

GASIFIER FOR A SOLID CARBON FUEL

Номер: US20140182490A1
Принадлежит: Xylowatt, S.A.

Disclosed here are example gasifiers for gasification of solid carbon fuel. An example gasifier includes a vertical vessel that includes feeding means for introducing a fuel at a top and along a first vertical axis in the vessel. The example vessel also includes a pyrolysis zone for pyrolysis of the fuel, a combustion zone for burning pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis zone, a reduction zone for gasifying carbonized fuel from the pyrolysis zone and an outlet for collecting gases produced in the reduction zone. In addition, the example vessel includes a horizontal plate fixedly mounted between the feeding means and the pyrolysis zone for receiving and retaining the fuel introduced into the vessel. Also, the example vessel includes a movable pusher mounted between the feeding means and the horizontal plate, the movable pusher to push the fuel retained on the horizontal plate into the pyrolysis zone and positioned or positionable above the horizontal plate. 1. A gasifier comprising a vertical vessel comprising:feeding means for introducing a fuel at a top and along a first vertical axis in the vessel;a pyrolysis zone for pyrolysis of the fuel;a combustion zone for burning pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis zone;a reduction zone for gasifying carbonized fuel from the pyrolysis zone;an outlet for collecting gases produced in the reduction zone;a horizontal plate fixedly mounted between the feeding means and the pyrolysis zone for receiving and retaining the fuel introduced into the vessel; anda movable pusher mounted between the feeding means and the horizontal plate, the movable pusher to push the fuel retained on the horizontal plate into the pyrolysis zone and positioned or positionable above the horizontal plate.2. The gasifier as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the movable pusher comprises at least one arm extending horizontally above the plate and mounted rotatably about a second vertical axis.3. The gasifier as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the second axis is offset ...

Подробнее
23-04-2015 дата публикации

Method of Torrefacation of a Biomass Comprising the Step of Cooling the Torrefaction

Номер: US20150107499A1
Принадлежит: BIOENDEV AB

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for torrefaction of a biomass. Said method and arrangements allows for precise control of torrefaction temperature, which is crucial for accurate control of the quality and properties of the torrefied material. The method comprising a step of cooling the torrefaction reaction so as to at least partly counteract a temperature increase derived from the exothermic torrefaction reactions 1. A method of torrefaction of a dried and heated biomass , comprising the step of cooling a torrefaction reaction so as to at least partly counteract a temperature increase derived from exothermic torrefaction reactions , wherein the biomass is woody biomass from spruce or eucalyptus.2. A method according to wherein a temperature of the torrefaction reaction is controlled using means for cooling and an optional means for heating.3. A method according to wherein the means for cooling and heating are interchangeable.4. A method according to wherein the means for heating and/or cooling is represented by heat exchangers.5. A method according to wherein a temperature of the biomass during the torrefaction reaction is kept within a temperature range of 50° C.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a residence time of the dried and heated biomass in the torrefaction reaction is controlled separately from a residence time in a heating step preceding the torrefaction reaction.7. A torrefaction arrangement comprising at least one torrefaction zone wherein the torrefaction zone comprises means for cooling and an optional means for heating and wherein the means for cooling is connected to a vessel or arrangement containing a cooling media claim 1 , which cooling media is water.8. A torrefaction arrangement according wherein the means for cooling and heating are interchangeable.9. A torrefaction arrangement according to wherein the means for heating and/or cooling are heat exchangers.10. A torrefaction arrangement according to further ...

Подробнее
03-07-2014 дата публикации

STAGED BIOMASS FRACTIONATOR

Номер: US20140183022A1
Принадлежит: Cool Planet Energy Systems, Inc.

Various biomass reactors systems and methods of pyrolyzing biomass are disclosed. One type of biomass reactor system comprises a plurality of biomass processing stations configured in series, each station comprising an auger reactor including an auger inlet for receiving biomass and a transfer screw for conveying the biomass through the auger reactor. 1. A method of thermally decomposing biomass in a plurality of pyrolysis stations comprising:operating each of a plurality of pyrolysis stations by adjusting temperature and/or pressure, wherein at least one of the temperature and pressure are different between stations;transferring said biomass and/or its subsequent thermal decomposition products into and out of said plurality of pyrolysis stations;wherein at least one, but not all, of said plurality of pyrolysis stations is operated under conditions selected to pyrolyze said biomass or its subsequent thermal decomposition products to produce a vapor stream suitable for fuel production, and directing said fuel-producing vapor stream to a catalytic column for conversion to fuel;wherein at least one, but not all, of said plurality of pyrolysis stations is operated under conditions to provide a second vapor stream, and directing the second vapor stream to a second location for use other than fuel production; andwherein a station of said plurality of pyrolysis stations is operated under conditions selected to pyrolyze said incoming thermal decomposition products to produce a biochar.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more stations comprises an auger.3. The method of claim 1 , that produces at least one solid biochar stream for soil amendment purposes.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first station is preceded by one or more stations for drying of biomass.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein renewable chemicals are synthesized from one or more vapor products.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature within a second station in the plurality of stations is ...

Подробнее
02-06-2022 дата публикации

Rotary kiln for the evaporation of thermoplastic waste

Номер: US20220170634A1
Автор: Gernot Klaus BRUECK
Принадлежит: Fuenix Ecogy Ip BV

This invention relates to a rotary kiln (1) for cracking open and evaporating size-reduced plastic waste, consisting of a cylindrical kiln housing (2) the wall of which can be heated to the respective evaporation temperature. The kiln housing (2) is bearing mounted so as to be rotatable around a longitudinal axis (X-X). Within the kiln housing (2) a fixedly positioned feed device (5) for the size-reduced plastic waste is placed running in the longitudinal direction of the kiln housing. The feed device (5) at least one-sidedly protrudes with a loading section (6) through a feed opening at an end side of the kiln housing (2), which loading section (6) can be connected to a material feed device (7). At the end side situated opposite the feed opening a gas suction opening (20) is situated in the kiln housing (2). The feed device comprises a conveyor device (5) and a conveyor tube (8), extending along the full length of the kiln housing (2), in which the conveyor device (5) for the size-reduced plastic waste is arranged in such a way that the plastic waste is moved from the loading section (6) in longitudinal direction through the kiln housing (2). The conveyor tube (8) has an outer sleeve (10) configured such that in the interior of the conveyor tube (8) an operational temperature prevails that is below the melting temperature of the size-reduced plastic material. Outlet openings (16, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e) for the size-reduced plastic material are positioned such in the conveyor tube (8) including the sleeve (10) that the size-reduced plastic material drops out of the outlet openings (16, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e) directly onto the opposite interior side of the kiln housing (2).

Подробнее
21-04-2016 дата публикации

WASTE TREATMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20160109120A1
Принадлежит:

In apparatus and method for waste treatment by pyrolysis, treated waste is flushed through a grid () to trap recyclable material in the pyrolysis chamber (). Pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature of from 400-700° C. and off-gases are dissolved in a solution in scrubber () for disposal in a water course. Water is introduced into the chamber as superheated steam via pipes () so as both to flush away treated material and clean the chamber. Recyclable waste is separated from non-recyclable by treating non-recyclable waste by pyrolysis, and flushing treated non-recyclable waste away through liquid exhaust (). Apparatus is made as a modular, free-standing unit and comprises plugs for connection to an electricity supply, to a water supply, and to a sewerage system () and has a chamber with a volume in the range 0.01-0.5 m. 181-. (canceled)82. A process for waste treatment comprising:—introducing waste into a chamber;heating the waste to an elevated temperature to effect pyrolysis of the waste, then as the next step;introducing oxygen into the chamber to effect combustion of the waste without specific separate heating or cooling of the chamber; and 'wherein the temperature to effect pyrolysis is from 400-700° C. and the temperature to effect combustion is at least 400° C.', 'flushing the combusted waste from the chamber with water;'}831. A process according to claim , wherein the temperature to effect pyrolysis is from 500-600° C.841. A process according to claim , comprising holding the waste at the elevated temperature until 50% or more of the waste is degraded by pyrolysis.851. A process according to claim wherein the temperature to effect combustion is at least 450° C.861. A process according to claim , wherein the temperature to effect combustion is at least 500° C.871. A process according to claim , wherein the temperature to effect combustion is not more than 800° C.881. A process according to claim , wherein the combusted waste is flushed through a grid to trap ...

Подробнее
02-04-2020 дата публикации

CHAR SEPARATOR AND METHOD

Номер: US20200102503A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for processing reusable fuel wherein the apparatus comprises a support body and a plurality of augers disposed within the support body. The augers may be configured to rotate against a vapor flow to clean carbon char from vapors comprising condensable and non-condensable hydrocarbons. A drive system may be connected to drive and control the plurality of augers. An exhaust system is connected to the support body. A gearbox housing is connected to the exhaust system, wherein the drive system is accommodated in the gearbox housing. A ventilation system is disposed within the gearbox housing. Additionally, a thermal expansion system may be connected to the support body. 121.-. (canceled)22. A method of cleaning carbon char from vapors in a reactor comprising:receiving a vapor flow of condensable and non-condensable hydrocarbons within a support body;controlling the temperature within the support body;rotating a plurality of augers disposed within the support body against the vapor flow,wherein respective flights of each of the plurality of augers intersect each other; anddischarging lower carbon vapors from the support body as clean reusable fuel.23. A method of claim 22 , comprising:vaporizing a carbon-based material into hydrocarbon chain vapors;capturing the hydrocarbon chain vapors and condensing the same into high carbon chain fuel;reheating the high carbon chain fuel until it vaporizes to break high carbon chains into lower carbon chains to produce low carbon vapor; andcollecting the low carbon vapor.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the carbon-based material is plastic.25. The method of claim 23 , wherein the carbon-based material is heated at a prescribed temperature until the carbon-based material is vaporized.26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the heat is controlled to manipulate the hydrocarbon chain vapors.27. The method of claim 23 , wherein the carbon-based material is pressurized at a ...

Подробнее
11-04-2019 дата публикации

DISTILLATION UNIT FOR CARBON-BASED FEEDSTOCK PROCESSING SYSTEM

Номер: US20190106635A1
Принадлежит:

An apparatus for distillation of feedstock, including a distillation chamber with an inlet for receiving feedstock and an outlet for discharging feedstock, and a plate for supporting the feedstock in the distillation chamber. The plate is positioned parallel to a substantially horizontal plane across a portion of the distillation chamber, and defines a plurality of transverse apertures extending transversely across a substantial portion of the width of the plate. A plurality of heating rods is included for insertion into the apertures of the plate to heat the plate. The apparatus also includes a conveyor enclosed within the distillation chamber and extending longitudinally across the distillation chamber, the conveyor having a plurality of paddles attached thereto that, when driven by the conveyor, move proximate and parallel to the plate to agitate feedstock on the plate, and to drive the feedstock from the inlet to the outlet of the distillation chamber. 1. A method of processing feedstock in a distillation device , the method comprising:a) introducing feedstock into a distillation chamber so that the feedstock rests on a substantially horizontal plate in the distillation chamber;b) inserting rods into apertures in the plate;c) heating the rods, so that the rods transfer heat to the plate, which in turn transfers heat to the feedstock;d) agitating the feedstock by driving paddles through the feedstock to move the feedstock laterally, as well as forward and vertically upward; ande) discharging the feedstock from the distillation chamber.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:arranging the paddles in rows, the lateral position of the paddles of each row varied from that of the paddles in an adjacent row, to increase the lateral and forward movement of the feedstock as the feedstock is agitated.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:orienting the paddles so that as they pass through the feedstock, they move the feedstock vertically upward so that the ...

Подробнее
27-04-2017 дата публикации

Pyrolysis Reactor

Номер: US20170114279A1
Автор: Alyaser Abdelmonem H.
Принадлежит:

The disclosure provides several pyrolysis reactor configurations and associated methods for generating pyrolysis products (e.g., oil, gas, and/or char) from organic feedstock. 1. A pyrolysis reactor comprising an upper pressure vessel and a lower reaction chamber; a gas-permeable distribution screen forming a centrally-disposed plenum and a laterally-disposed gas distribution space and', 'a process gas inlet in communication with the gas distribution space;, 'wherein the lower reaction chamber compriseswherein the distribution screen is adapted to retain a feedstock within the plenum and the plenum is contiguous with the upper pressure vessel.2. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein the lower reaction chamber comprises a plurality of process gas inlets in communication with the gas distribution space.3. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein the lower reaction chamber comprises one or more process gas outlets in communication with the gas distribution space.4. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein the gas distribution space further comprises one or more baffles.5. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis reactor further comprises one or more microwave waveguides configured to emit microwaves into the interior of the plenum.6. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 5 , wherein the waveguide further comprises a quartz window.7. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 6 , wherein the pyrolysis reactor further comprises a gas nozzle configured to direct a cleaning gas onto the quartz window.8. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis reactor further comprises one or more microwave waveguides configured to emit microwaves into the interior of the upper pressure vessel.9. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 8 , wherein the waveguide further comprises a quartz window.10. The pyrolysis reactor of claim 9 , wherein the pyrolysis reactor further comprises a gas nozzle configured to direct a cleaning gas onto the quartz window.11. The pyrolysis reactor ...

Подробнее
27-04-2017 дата публикации

MATERIAL SEPARATION DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND RELATED METHODS

Номер: US20170114280A1
Принадлежит:

Embodiments described herein relate to retorts for separating materials or substances (e.g., based on volatility thereof) and forming a base or waste material (e.g., basic sediment and water, inorganic materials, char, organic waste materials, and other solids) and a target material (e.g., shale oil or other oils), contained in feed-stock. 1. A retort for separating a target material from waste material in feedstock , the retort comprising:a containment chamber;a heating unit positioned and configured to heat the containment chamber;a conveyor at least partially located within the containment chamber, the conveyor including one or more openings sized and configured to allow the target material to pass therethrough; anda collector assembly configured to receive the target material that passes through the conveyor.2. The retort of claim 1 , wherein the collector assembly includes:a capture slide disposed below at least a portion of the conveyor; anda funnel disposed below the capture slide.3. The retort of claim 2 , wherein the capture slide slopes away from a surface of the conveyor that carries the feedstock.4. The retort of any of - claim 2 , wherein at least a portion of one or more of the containment chamber claim 2 , the conveyor claim 2 , and the collector assembly are disposed within a housing.5. The retort of any of - claim 2 , wherein the containment chamber is substantially sealed.6. The retort of any of - claim 2 , further comprising a feedstock feed mechanism configured to feed feedstock onto the conveyor.7. The retort of claim 6 , wherein the feedstock feed mechanism includes:an airlock feeder operably coupled to the containment chamber, the airlock feeder being positioned and configured to deposit feedstock on a first end of the conveyor; anda hopper operably coupled to the airlock feeder, the hopper being configured to feed feedstock into the airlock feeder.8. The retort of any of - claim 6 , further comprising a waste removal mechanism configured to ...

Подробнее
27-04-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THERMOCATALYTIC TREATMENT OF MATERIAL AND PYROLYSIS OIL PRODUCED THEREWITH

Номер: US20170114284A1
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for thermocatalytic treatment of material are provided. The system can have a charging region to supply starting material, a preconditioning zone in which preconditioned material is formed from the starting material, a pyrolysis zone in which pyrolysed material is formed from the preconditioned material, and a separation unit for separation of the pyrolysed material. In the preconditioning zone and the pyrolysis zone, a heater can be provided for heating of the material. Also provided in the pyrolysis zone are recirculation means with which a solid portion of the pyrolysed material can be recirculated directly into the region of the pyrolysis zone facing toward the preconditioning zone. 1. A system for thermocatalytic treatment of material , the system comprising:a charging region for supplying a starting material to be treated;a preconditioning zone in which preconditioned material is formed from the starting material;a pyrolysis zone in which pyrolysed material is formed from the preconditioned material; anda separation unit for separation of the obtained pyrolysed material,wherein in the preconditioning zone, a heater is provided for heating of the starting material to a temperature of at least 150° C., and wherein in the pyrolysis zone, a recirculation means is provided, and the heater is also for additional heating of the preconditioned material in the pyrolysis zone to a temperature of at least 350° C., and wherein with the recirculation means, a solid portion of at least the pyrolysed material is recirculatable at least partly and directly into a region of the pyrolysis zone facing toward the preconditioning zone so that the recirculation means comes into direct contact with the recirculated solid portion of pyrolysed material and the preconditioned material to be pyrolysed.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the recirculation means are provided at least in the region of the pyrolysis zone facing toward the preconditioning zone ...

Подробнее
13-05-2021 дата публикации

Pyrolysis gasification apparatus for solid refuse fuel

Номер: US20210140633A1
Принадлежит: Korea Institute of Energy Research KIER

Provided is a pyrolysis gasification apparatus for solid refuse fuel. The apparatus includes: a superheated steam housing formed in a cylindrical shape and installed in a horizontal direction, in which superheated steam is injected into the superheated steam housing; a screw casing formed in a tubular shape extending from one end to the other end inside the superheated steam housing and installed in the horizontal direction inside the superheated steam housing, in which solid refuse fuel (SRF) is introduced into the screw casing; a conveying screw with a plurality of screw blades on an outer peripheral surface, the conveying screw being installed inside the screw casing in the horizontal direction and rotating to convey the solid refuse fuel; and a superheated steam supplier for supplying superheated steam into the superheated steam housing, in which the superheated steam may move through a movement pat.

Подробнее