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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 2851. Отображено 100.
24-05-2012 дата публикации

Process for Cracking Heavy Hydrocarbon Feed

Номер: US20120125812A1
Автор: Robert S. Bridges, Sellamuthu G. Chellappan
Принадлежит: EQUISTAR CHEMICALS LP

A process for cracking a heavy hydrocarbon feed comprising a vaporization step, a hydroprocessing step, and a steam cracking step is disclosed. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is passed to a first zone of a vaporization unit to separate a first vapor stream and a first liquid stream. The first liquid stream is passed to a second zone of the vaporization unit and contacted intimately with a counter-current steam produce a second vapor stream and a second liquid stream. The first vapor stream and the second vapor stream are cracked in the radiant section of the steam cracker to produce a cracked effluent. The second liquid stream reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to produce a hydroprocessed product. A liquid hydroprocessed product is fed to the vaporization unit.

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Номер записи: 1
10-01-2013 дата публикации

Offshore heavy oil production

Номер: US20130008663A1
Автор: Donald Maclean, Johannes Christiaan Lanfermeijer
Принадлежит: Individual

A system is provided for the production of heavy crude oil from an undersea reservoir, and for the treatment of the crude oil to facilitate its transport. A floating body ( 12 ) which produces the heavy crude oil, carries a hydrocarbon cracking station ( 32 ) that cracks the heavy crude into light liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, and that uses heat resulting from the cracking to produce pressured steam. The pressured steam is used to drive a steam-powered engine ( 72 ) (with pistons or a turbine) that drives an electrical generator ( 74 ) whose electricity powers the system.

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Номер записи: 2
02-05-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR REFORMATION OF HYDROGEN-CONTAINING FLUIDS IN A CYCLIC FLOW REACTOR

Номер: US20130105739A1
Автор: Bingue Jacques Picardy, Pierre-Victor Jean, White Christopher Lee
Принадлежит:

The invention discloses an apparatus and process for the reformation of hydrogen containing fluids to hydrogen and other constituents, more particularly, the reformation of hydrocarbons or mixtures of hydrocarbons in a cyclic flow inert porous media reactor for the production of hydrogen and other constituents. In an alternate embodiment, the apparatus and process can be used for the reformation of hydrogen sulfide to produce hydrogen and sulfur. 1. A continuous process for the reformation of a reactant mixture in a cyclic flow reactor chamber , the process comprising:heating the reactor chamber to a high temperature wherein the reactor chamber comprises a substantially porous media matrix; reacting the reactant mixture wherein the reacting occurs through a reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone may be located in any portion of the reactor chamber, is not fixed and can propagate in a direction relative to a direction of the reactant mixture selected from the group consisting of countercurrent direction and concurrent direction;', 'reversing the direction of flow for the reactant mixture after a period of time; and', [{'sub': '2', 'a) a fluidic hydrocarbon greater than C,'}, 'b) a fluidic hydrocarbon and steam,', 'c) a hydrogen sulfide containing stream, and', 'd) ammonia containing stream, and', 'e) mixtures thereof;, 'wherein the reactant mixture is one or more selected from the group consisting of, 'and wherein the reactant mixture further comprises an oxygen containing gas., 'channeling a reactant mixture through the substantially porous media matrix;'}2. The process of wherein the temperature is maintained between about 500° C. and about 3000° C.3. The process of wherein the reactant mixture comprises a hydrogen sulfide containing stream with a hydrogen sulfide concentration of between about 10% and about 100% by volume of the reactant mixture.4. The process of wherein the reactant mixture further comprises hydrogen sulfide and has an equivalence ratio greater ...

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Номер записи: 3
23-05-2013 дата публикации

PLASMA WHIRL REACTOR APPARATUS AND METHODS OF USE

Номер: US20130126332A1
Автор: Foret Todd
Принадлежит: FORET PLASMA LABS, LLC

An apparatus for synergistically combining a plasma with a comminution means such as a fluid kinetic energy mill (jet mill), preferably in a single reactor and/or in a single process step is provided by the present invention. Within the apparatus of the invention potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and subsequently into angular momentum by means of wave energy, for comminuting, reacting and separation of feed materials. Methods of use of the apparatus in the practice of various processes are also provided by the present invention. 1. A method for producing hydrogen from a carbon-based material comprising:providing a vessel having an interior defined by a cylindrical portion disposed between a first end and a closed second end, an outlet in said first end that is aligned with a longitudinal axis of said cylindrical portion, and at least one inlet in said first end, and two or more jets or slits mounted tangentially in said cylindrical portion;atomizing and directing a fluid or gas into said interior of said vessel via said two or more jets or slits to feed a plasma and create angular momentum in said plasma;generating said plasma from said atomized fluid or gas using said a set of radio frequency coils disposed around or within said cylindrical portion to form a plasma vortex that circulates around said longitudinal axis; andproducing said hydrogen by directing said carbon-based material into said plasma vortex via said at least one inlet such that said plasma vortex reacts with said carbon-based material, wherein said hydrogen that exits through said outlet in said first end.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of feeding said material into said inlet using a conveyor claim 1 , a hopper claim 1 , a gravity feed claim 1 , a fluid claim 1 , a gas claim 1 , steam or a combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:said carbon-based material comprises a gas, a fluid, a semi-solid, a solid or a combination thereof; andwherein said ...

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Номер записи: 4
18-07-2013 дата публикации

Method for reducing coke deposition

Номер: US20130184510A1
Автор: HE Huang, Martin Haas
Принадлежит: United Technologies Corp

A method for reducing coke deposits includes heating an alcohol-fuel mixture to decompose alcohol and form water to produce a fuel-water mixture and delivering the fuel-water mixture to a carbon-steam gasification catalyst. The fuel-water mixture reacts with the carbon-steam gasification catalyst such that coke deposits are prevented from remaining in a space near the carbon-steam gasification catalyst.

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Номер записи: 5
08-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING WASTE MATERIAL TO FUEL OR SYNTHETIC GAS FEEDSTOCK

Номер: US20130199091A1
Автор: Braught Lynell, Lersch John R.
Принадлежит:

A waste processing system and method is described. The waste processing system may be used to treat any type of waste material that may be decomposed upon the application of energy, wherein recyclable metal and/or a gaseous end product is/are generated which may have commercial or industrial applications. The waste material may be reduced in size and passed to a purge vessel where the oxygen content of the waste material is reduced. The waste material is then heated in a heat exchanger which may be linearly elongated and passed to a conversion chamber where it is treated with H—H—O gas torches. A final gaseous end product is generated which may be used as a fuel source. 1. A method for processing waste , comprising:reducing dimensions of a quantity of waste material;passing the reduced dimension waste material to a purge chamber;reducing the quantity of oxygen in the purge chamber;passing the oxygen free reduced dimension waste material from the purge chamber through a heat exchanger;heating the oxygen free reduced dimension waste material in the heat exchanger;passing the heated oxygen free reduced dimension waste material from the heat exchanger to a conversion chamber;heating the oxygen free reduced dimension waste material in the conversion chamber using at least one H—H—O gas torch to generate at least a gaseous product;passing the gaseous product through a heat exchanger to cool the gaseous product; andharnessing the gaseous product.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising removing recyclable metal materials from the quantity of waste material.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein removing recyclable metal materials from the quantity of waste material comprises removing at least a magnetic metal or a non-ferrous metal.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein harnessing the gaseous product comprises passing the gaseous product to a gas storage container.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the gaseous product is passed through ...

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Номер записи: 6
08-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING WASTE MATERIAL TO FUEL OR SYNTHETIC GAS FEEDSTOCK

Номер: US20130199092A1
Автор: Braught Lynell, Lersch John R.
Принадлежит:

A waste processing system and method is described. The waste processing system may be used to treat any type of waste material that may be decomposed upon the application of energy, wherein recyclable metal and/or a gaseous end product is/are generated which may have commercial or industrial applications. The waste material may be reduced in size and passed to a purge vessel where the oxygen content of the waste material is reduced. The waste material is then heated in a heat exchanger which may be linearly elongated and passed to a conversion chamber where it is treated with H-H-O gas torches. A final gaseous end product is generated which may be used as a fuel source. 1removing recyclable metal materials from a quantity of waste material;reducing the dimensions of the waste material;passing the reduced dimension waste material to a purge chamber;reducing the quantity of oxygen in the purge chamber;passing the oxygen free reduced dimension waste material from the purge chamber through a heat exchanger;heating the oxygen free reduced dimension waste material in the heat exchanger;passing the heated oxygen free reduced dimension waste material from the heat exchanger to a conversion chamber;heating the oxygen free reduced dimension waste material in the conversion chamber using at least one H-H-O gas torch to generate at least a gaseous product; andharnessing the gaseous product.. A gaseous fuel produced by a process, comprising: The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/793,740, filed Jun. 4, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference.Not ApplicableNot ApplicableNot Applicable1. Technical Field of the InventionThis application discloses embodiments describing apparatuses, systems, and processes by which waste material is treated with H-H-O gas torches and gaseous end product(s) is/are generated that may be used in other commercial or industrial applications.2. Background of the InventionProcessing of waste material, and ...

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Номер записи: 7
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Integrated hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis process including hydrogen redistribution for direct processing of a crude oil

Номер: US20130228495A1
Автор: Abdennour Bourane, Abdul Rahman Zafer AKHRAS, Ibrahim A. ABBA, Raheel Shafi
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

Steam pyrolysis and hydroprocessing are integrated including hydrogen redistribution to permit direct processing of crude oil feedstocks to produce petrochemicals including olefins and aromatics. A feed is initially split into a light portion and a heavy portion, and the heavy portion is hydroprocessed. A hydroprocessed effluent is charged, along with steam, to a convection section of a steam pyrolysis zone. The mixture is heated and passed to a vapor-liquid separation section. A residual portion is removed and light components are charged to a pyrolysis section of the steam pyrolysis zone. A mixed product stream is recovered from the steam pyrolysis zone and it is separated into product including olefins and aromatics.

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Номер записи: 8
05-09-2013 дата публикации

HYDROGEN GENERATION PROCESS USING PARTIAL OXIDATION/STEAM REFORMING

Номер: US20130230449A1
Автор: CARPENTER Brandon S., DOSHI Kishore J., Russell Bradley P.
Принадлежит:

Partial oxidation/steam reformers () which use heat integrated steam cycles and steam to carbon ratios of at least about 4:1 to enable efficient operation at high pressures suitable for hydrogen purification unit operation such as membrane separation () and pressure swing adsorption. 119-. (canceled)20. An efficient , integrated process for generating hydrogen from a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock in the essential absence of a shift reaction zone comprising:a. passing to a partial oxidation reformer at a pressure of between about 400 and 1500 kPa absolute feed comprising hydrocarbon-containing feedstock, air, and steam wherein the molar ratio of steam to carbon in the hydrocarbon-containing feedstock is at least about 4:1, said reformer being at partial oxidation/steam reforming conditions to provide a reforming effluent steam comprising at least about 40 volume percent (dry basis) hydrogen, nitrogen, steam, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide;b. cooling the reforming effluent stream by indirect heat exchange with a stream containing liquid water to provide a steam-containing stream which is cycled to the partial oxidation/steam reforming zone wherein at least about 40 percent of the steam in the feed mixture is produced by said indirect heat exchange;c. further cooling the cooled reforming effluent stream to pressure swing adsorption conditions, said cooling being sufficient to condense water;d. during or after the further cooling, separating the condensed water;{'b': '10', 'e. subjecting the further cooled reforming effluent stream to pressure swing adsorption such that a purified hydrogen stream is produced which (i) is at least about 98 mole percent hydrogen, and (ii) contains less than about ppmv carbon monoxide, and a sorption purge gas is produced at a pressure between about 5 and 100 kPa gauge which comprises less than about 30 volume percent hydrogen (dry basis) and nitrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide;'}f. withdrawing at least a portion of the ...

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Номер записи: 9
03-10-2013 дата публикации

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WHOLE CRUDE OIL IN A MEMBRANE WALL GASIFIER AND POWER GENERATION

Номер: US20130256601A1
Автор: BALLAGUET Jean Pierre, KOSEOGLU Omer Refa
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

An integrated process for the partial oxidation of whole crude oil mixed with a low cost finely divided solid ash-producing material in a membrane wall gasification reactor produces a syngas and, optionally, a more hydrogen-rich product stream by subjecting the syngas to a water-gas shift reaction. Process steam and electricity are produced by recovering the sensible heat values from the hot syngas. 1. An integrated process for the gasification of a whole crude oil feedstock to produce a synthesis gas and electricity , the process comprising:a. introducing as a feedstock, whole crude oil and a solid ash-producing material into a membrane wall gasification reactor with a predetermined amount of oxygen and steam based on the carbon content of the feedstock;b. subjecting the whole crude oil to partial oxidation to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the form of a hot raw synthesis gas;c. passing the hot raw synthesis gas to a steam-generating heat exchanger to cool the hot raw synthesis gas and to produce steam;d. introducing the steam from the heat exchanger into a turbine to produce electricity; ande. recovering the cooled synthesis gas.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid ash-producing material is in the form of finely divided particles and is mixed with the whole crude oil and constitutes 2% to 5% by weight of the total weight of the liquid feedstock.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid ash-producing material is selected from the group consisting of natural and synthetic oxides of Si claim 1 , Al claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ca claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , P claim 1 , K claim 1 , Na claim 1 , S and Ti claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the whole crude oil contains from 1 to 60 w % of light fractions boiling in the range of from 36° C. to 370° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the whole crude oil contains from 1 to 10 w % of light fractions boiling in the range of from 36° C. to 370° C.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 10
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Shaping tool for producing a substantially shell-shaped, fiber-reinforced plastic part

Номер: US20130256951A1
Автор: Cornelia Kukla, Robert Buehlmeyer
Принадлежит: MBB Fertigungstechnik GmbH

A shaping tool is constructed for producing a substantially shell-shaped, fiber-reinforced plastic part. The shaping toll includes and upper die and a lower die. A material blank made substantially of fibrous material is placed into the lower die the shaping tool brought into shaping engagement with the material blank. At least one of the dies is segmented into shaping segments for being brought into shaping engagement with the material blank in segments or in groups of segments.

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Номер записи: 11
17-10-2013 дата публикации

CONVECTION ZONE OF A CRACKING FURNACE

Номер: US20130274531A1
Автор: GLOMB Stefan, Schmidt Gunther, Stegemann Robert
Принадлежит: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

The invention relates to a process for cracking a hydrocarbon-containing feed in a cracking furnace. A plurality of heat exchangers are arranged in the convection zone of the cracking furnace to utilize the heat of flue gas formed in the radiation zone by combustion. Depending on the type and state of matter of the hydrocarbon-containing feed, flow occurs through the heat exchangers to achieve, independently of the type and state of matter of the hydrocarbon-containing feed, an exit temperature of the flue gas in the range from 80° C. to 150° C. 1. A process for preparing hydrocarbons by thermally cracking a hydrocarbon-containing feed in a cracking furnace having a radiation zone and a convection zone , said process comprising:the thermally cracking said hydrocarbon-containing feed in said radiation zone wherein flue gas is generated,introducing the flue gas from the radiation zone into the convection zone as a heat transfer medium,preheating and/or vaporizing the hydrocarbon-containing feed in at least one heat exchanger arranged in the convection zone wherein the hydrocarbon-containing feed undergoes heat exchange with the flue gas, andheating and/or vaporizing boiler feed water in at least one heat exchanger arranged in the convection zone wherein the boiler feed water undergoes heat exchange with the flue gas,wherein the temperature of the flue gas on exiting the convection zone varies, independently of the state of matter of the hydrocarbon-containing feed, in a range of 30° C. and is less than 150° C. and for a given state of matter of the hydrocarbon-containing feed, virtually 100% of the heat transfer area of all heat exchangers in the convection zone participates in heat exchange with the flue gas,', 'during operation when the hydrocarbon-containing feed in the other state of matter only a prescribed fraction of the heat transfer area of all heat exchangers in the convection zone participates in heat exchange with the flue gas or', 'the feed stream to at ...

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Номер записи: 12
07-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for the Production of Xylenes and Light Olefins

Номер: US20130296622A1
Автор: John D.Y. Ou, Larry L. Iaccino, S. Mark Davis, Xiaobo Zheng
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

In a hydrocarbon upgrading process, a hydrocarbon feed is treated in at least one of a steam cracker, catalytic cracker, coker, hydrocracker, and reformer under suitable conditions to produce a first stream comprising olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons. A second stream composed mainly of C 4 + olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons is recovered from the first stream and is fed together with a methylating agent to a reaction zone containing a catalyst under reaction conditions including a temperature of about 450° C. to about 700° C., such that aromatics components in the second stream undergo dealkylation, transalkylation and/or methylation and aliphatic components undergo cracking and aromatization to produce a third stream having an increased xylene content compared with said second stream and a C 3 − olefin by-product. The C 3 − olefin by-product is recovered and para-xylene is removed from at least part of said third stream.

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Номер записи: 13
07-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for the Production of Xylenes and Light Olefins

Номер: US20130296623A1
Автор: Larry L. Iaccino, Stephen M. Davis, Steven E. Silverberg
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

In a hydrocarbon upgrading process, a hydrocarbon feed is treated in at least one of a steam cracker, catalytic cracker, coker, hydrocracker, and reformer under suitable conditions to produce a first stream comprising olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons. A second stream composed mainly of C 4 to C 12 + olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons is recovered from the first stream and blended said second stream with a residual fraction from a steam cracker or an atmospheric or vacuum distillation unit to produce a third stream. The third stream is then catalytically pyrolyzed in a reactor under conditions effective to produce a fourth stream having an increased benzene and/or toluene content compared with said second stream and a C 3 -olefin by-product. The C 3 -olefin by-product is recovered and benzene and/or toluene are recovered from the fourth stream.

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Номер записи: 14
14-11-2013 дата публикации

Methods and systems for upgrading hydrocarbon

Номер: US20130299387A1
Автор: Jose Armando Salazar, Mahendra L. Joshi
Принадлежит: Marathon Oil Canada Corp

Methods and systems for upgrading hydrocarbon material, including bituminous material such as tar sands. A hydrocarbon material and a cracking material can be injected into separate injection ports of a nozzle reactor to produce a hydrocarbon product. The hydrocarbon product can be injected directly into a coker so that heavy hydrocarbon compounds can be upgraded into lighter hydrocarbon compounds, or the hydrocarbon product can first be injected into a separation vessel to separate hydrocarbons having higher boiling point temperature from hydrocarbons having lower boiling point temperature. The hydrocarbons having higher boiling point temperature can then be injected into a coker.

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Номер записи: 15
19-12-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ACETYLENE AND SYNTHESIS GAS

Номер: US20130334464A1
Автор: Grossschmidt Dirk, Haider Mirko, Hayes Michael L., Neuhauser Horst, RUSS Michael, Vicari Maximilian, Weichert Christian
Принадлежит:

A process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, is disclosed. The process consists of separately preheating and then mixing a first input stream containing a hydrocarbon and a second input stream containing oxygen, supplying the first input stream and the second input stream via a burner block to a firing space, quenching a cracking gas obtained to produce a process water stream and a product gas stream, cooling the product gas stream in a cooling column by direct heat exchange with cooling water, depleting soot in an electrostatic filter, combining all process water streams and passing through soot channels, subjecting the combined process water stream to a cleaning operation by partial vaporization in a one-stage flash vessel to obtain a cleaned process water stream, and recycling the cleaned process water stream into the process. 1. A process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen , the process comprising:separately preheating a first input stream comprising a hydrocarbon and a second input stream comprising oxygen,mixing the first input stream and the second input stream in a ratio of mass flow rates of the second input stream to the first input stream corresponding to an oxygen ratio λ of less than or equal to 0.31, wherein the oxygen ratio λ is a ratio of an amount of oxygen actually present in the second input stream to a stoichiometrically necessary amount of oxygen required for complete combustion of the hydrocarbon present in the first input stream;supplying the first input stream and the second input stream via a burner block to a firing space in which the partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon takes place to obtain a cracking gas;{'sub': liq', 'g, 'quenching the cracking gas to of from 80 to 90 degrees Celsius downstream of the firing space by injecting an aqueous quench medium, to obtain a process water stream Iand a product gas stream I;'}{'sub': g', ...

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Номер записи: 16
09-01-2014 дата публикации

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION WITH CARBON CAPTURE

Номер: US20140010753A1
Автор: SUNDARAM Narasimhan, Viets John W.
Принадлежит: EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY

Systems and methods for hydrogen production with carbon capture are provided. A hydrogen containing stream can be divided so that a portion of the stream is processed for separation of CO. A hydrogen enriched stream formed during separation of COand another portion of the hydrogen containing stream can be processed in a cycling adsorber unit to form a hydrogen product stream. Optionally, the cycling adsorber unit can be operated to form a plurality of tail gas streams. The hydrogen containing stream can be a reformed hydrocarbon stream and/or an input stream previously exposed to a water gas shift catalyst. Optionally, a portion of the reformed hydrocarbon stream can be a reformed biocomponent stream. 1. A method for recovery of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in a refinery , comprising:exposing a feed including at least a biocomponent portion to a hydroprocessing catalyst under effective conditions to produce a deoxygenated biocomponent input stream, said exposing being an exothermic reaction that generates heat;reforming the deoxygenated biocomponent input stream to form an effluent containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and a hydrocarbon, the reforming comprising contacting the deoxygenated biocomponent input stream with a first stream containing water vapor in the presence of a reforming catalyst;{'sub': '2', 'contacting the reforming effluent with a water gas shift catalyst in the presence of a second stream containing water vapor under effective conditions to form a shifted reforming effluent, containing a hydrogen content of about 70 vol % and a COcontent of at least about 5 vol %;'}absorbing at least a portion of the heat generated by said exposing, the heat being absorbed by at least one of the first stream containing water vapor, the second stream containing water vapor, or an input stream to said reforming;dividing the reforming effluent into a first input portion and a second input portion, the first input portion comprising from about 5 vol % to about 60 vol ...

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Номер записи: 17
10-04-2014 дата публикации

RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY CONVERSION OF LIQUID FUELS FROM HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCKS

Номер: US20140100294A1
Автор: Bromberg Leslie, Cohn Daniel R., Surma Jeffrey E.
Принадлежит: INENTEC INC.

The present invention includes a method for converting renewable energy source electricity and a hydrocarbon feedstock into a liquid fuel by providing a source of renewable electrical energy in communication with a synthesis gas generation unit and an air separation unit. Oxygen from the air separation unit and a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided to the synthesis gas generation unit, thereby causing partial oxidation reactions in the synthesis gas generation unit in a process that converts the hydrocarbon feedstock into synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is then converted into a liquid fuel. 1. A method for converting hydrocarbon material to liquid fuel comprising;utilizing a renewable energy source to generate oxygen;supplying a combination of oxygen and steam to a synthesis gas generation unit, wherein relative amounts of the oxygen and steam vary in accordance with an amount of the renewable energy source used;feeding hydrocarbon feedstock to the synthesis gas generation unit;producing synthesis gas in the synthesis gas generation unit using a combination of steam reformation and partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon feedstock; andconverting the synthesis gas into a liquid fuel.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising supplying oxygen to the synthesis gas generation unit from an oxygen producing unit.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising storing oxygen produced by the oxygen producing unit and using the oxygen at a later time.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the oxygen producing unit is at least partially powered by the renewable energy source.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing electricity from the renewable energy source to power a plasma included in the synthesis gas generation unit.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the amount of oxygen supplied varies in accordance with the amount of plasma included in the synthesis gas generation unit.7. The method of claim 2 , further comprising generating oxygen in parallel with steam ...

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Номер записи: 18
01-01-2015 дата публикации

STEAM CRACKING PROCESS AND SYSTEM WITH INTEGRAL VAPOR-LIQUID SEPARATION

Номер: US20150001130A1
Автор: ABBA Ibrahim A., AKHRAS Abdul Rahman Zafer, BOURANE Abdennour, SHAFI Raheel
Принадлежит:

An integrated vapor-liquid separation device is provided in conjunction with a steam pyrolysis cracking unit operation. In certain aspects, a feed is charged to the inlet of a convection portion of a steam pyrolysis unit where the feed is heated to conditions effective for steam cracking The convection section effluent is separated in a vapor-liquid separator and the separator vapor effluent is charged to the inlet steam cracking portion of the steam pyrolysis zone. The liquid effluent can be further processed, recycled within the system or a combination thereof. In additional aspects, a feed separated upstream of the convection portion of a steam pyrolysis unit using a flash vessel equipped with a vapor-liquid separator device described herein. 1. A steam pyrolysis process comprising:charging a feed to a convection section of a steam pyrolysis unit to provide a heated feed; a pre-rotational element having an entry portion and at transition portion, the entry portions having an inlet for receiving the flowing mixture and a curvilinear conduit, a controlled cyclonic section having', 'an inlet adjoined to the pre-rotational element through convergence of the curvilinear conduit and the cyclonic section and', 'a riser section at an upper end of the cyclonic member through which light phase passes; and', 'a liquid collector/settling section through which heavy phase is discharged, thermally cracking the light fraction in a pyrolysis section to produce a mixed product stream., 'separating the heated feed in a vapor-liquid separator into a light phase and a heavy phase, vapor-liquid separator including'}2. A steam pyrolysis unit operation comprising:a convection section constructed and arranged to receive a feedstock and discharge a heated feedstock; a pre-rotational element having an entry portion and at transition portion, the entry portions having an inlet for receiving the heated feedstock and a curvilinear conduit;', 'a controlled cyclonic section having an inlet ...

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Номер записи: 19
07-01-2016 дата публикации

METHODS FOR FUEL CONVERSION

Номер: US20160002034A1
Автор: Fan Liang-Shih, Luo Siwei, ZENG LIANG
Принадлежит:

In one embodiment described herein, fuel may be converted into syngas by a method comprising feeding the fuel and composite metal oxides into a reduction reactor in a co-current flow pattern relative to one another, reducing the composite metal oxides with the fuel to form syngas and reduced composite metal oxides, transporting the reduced composite metal oxides to an oxidation reactor, regenerating the composite metal oxides by oxidizing the reduced composite metal oxides with an oxidizing reactant in the oxidation reactor, and recycling the regenerated composite metal oxides to the reduction reactor for sub-sequent reduction reactions to produce syngas. The composite metal oxides may be solid particles comprising a primary metal oxide and a secondary metal oxide. 1. A method for converting fuel into syngas , the method comprising:feeding the fuel and composite metal oxides into a reduction reactor in a co-current flow pattern relative to one another, wherein the composite metal oxides are solid particles comprising a primary metal oxide and a secondary metal oxide;reducing the composite metal oxides with the fuel to form syngas and reduced composite metal oxides;transporting the reduced composite metal oxides to an oxidation reactor;regenerating the composite metal oxides by oxidizing the reduced composite metal oxides with an oxidizing reactant in the oxidation reactor; andrecycling the regenerated composite metal oxides to the reduction reactor for subsequent reduction reactions to produce syngas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is a gas.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is natural gas.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is natural gas claim 1 , coal claim 1 , biomass claim 1 , petroleum coke claim 1 , naphtha claim 1 , residual oil claim 1 , shale gas claim 1 , C-Clight hydrocarbons claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing reactant comprises air claim 1 , oxygen claim 1 , steam claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 20
04-01-2018 дата публикации

Plasma-assisted method and system for treating raw syngas comprising tars

Номер: US20180002620A1
Автор: Andreas Tsangaris, Graeme Hay, Islam GOMAA, Marc Bacon
Принадлежит: Plasco Conversion Technologies Inc

The invention provides a system and method for conversion of raw syngas and tars into refined syngas, while optionally minimizing the parasitic losses of the process and maximizing the usable energy density of the product syngas. The system includes a reactor including a refining chamber for refining syngas comprising one or more inlets configured to promote at least two flow zones: a central zone where syngas and air/process additives flow in a swirling pattern for mixing and combustion in the high temperature central zone; at least one peripheral zone within the reactor which forms a boundary layer of a buffering flow along the reactor walls, (b) plasma torches that inject plasma into the central zone, and (c) air injection patterns that create a recirculation zone to promotes mixing between the high temperature products at the core reaction zone of the vessel and the buffering layer, wherein in the central zone, syngas and air/process additives mixture are ignited in close proximity to the plasma arc, coming into contact with each other, concurrently, at the entrance to the reaction chamber and method of using the system.

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Номер записи: 21
12-01-2017 дата публикации

A METHOD FOR HEATING CRUDE

Номер: US20170009145A1
Автор: OPRINS Arno Johannes Maria, VAN WILLIGENBURG Joris
Принадлежит:

A method for heating one or more streams from a refinery process, chosen from the group of crude tower inlet, vacuum tower inlet, catalytic reformer inlet, coker inlet, thermal cracker inlet and hydrocracker inlet. The method includes transferring, in a heat exchanger, heat from one or more streams from a petro-chemistry process, chosen from the group of a steam cracker charge gas, propane dehydrogenation charge gas and butane dehydrogenation charge gas to said one or more streams from a refinery process for obtaining one or more heated streams in which the temperature of said one or more streams from petro-chemistry process is above the temperature of said one or more streams from a refinery process before said step of heat exchanging has taken place. 1. A method for heating one or more streams from a refinery process , chosen from a crude tower inlet , a vacuum tower inlet , a catalytic reformer inlet , a coker inlet , a thermal cracker inlet and a hydrocracker inlet , said method comprising a step of transferring , in a heat exchanger , heat from one or more streams from a petro-chemisty process , chosen from a steam cracker charge gas , a propane dehydrogenation charge gas and a butane dehydrogenation charge gas to said one or more streams from a refinery process for obtaining one or more heated streams , wherein the temperature of said one or more streams from the petro-chemistry process is above the temperature of said one or more streams from a refinery process before said step of heat exchanging has taken place.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the crude tower inlet is heated by transferring claim 1 , in a heat exchanger claim 1 , heat from the steam cracker charge gas to said crude tower inlet for obtaining a heated crude tower inlet.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said step of heating further comprises a step of additionally heating said crude tower inlet in a crude furnace claim 2 , wherein said step of additionally heating takes ...

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Номер записи: 22
14-01-2021 дата публикации

Fluid Bed Steam Cracking Using Direct Heating

Номер: US20210009903A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N.
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for performing steam cracking on a feed while using direct heating of the reaction environment. The heating of the reaction environment can be achieved in part by transporting heat transfer particles from a heating zone to cracking zone. This can be performed in a fluidized bed reactor, a moving bed reactor, a riser reactor, or another type of reactor that can allow for catalyst movement and regeneration during operation. 1. A method for performing steam cracking using direct heat transfer , comprising:fluidizing a bed of heat transfer particles with a fluidizing gas comprising one or more of steam, oxygen, and a first portion of a hydrocarbon feedstock, the fluidized bed of heat transfer particles comprising a heating zone and a cracking zone above the heating zone;exposing the fluidized bed of heat transfer particles to oxygen in the heating zone under oxidizing conditions to generate a temperature in the heating zone of about 760° C. to about 1900° C., at least a portion of the heat transfer particles in the heating zone comprising coke;exposing the hydrocarbon feedstock to the fluidized bed of heat transfer particles in the presence of steam in the cracking zone at a temperature of about 590° C. to about 1060° C. to generate cracked products and coke on heat transfer particles, the temperature in the heating zone being greater than the temperature in the cracking zone;contacting at least a portion of the cracked products with at least one of heat exchange surfaces and quench fluid in a quench zone above the cracking zone to form quenched cracked products; andwithdrawing a portion of the heat transfer particles from the heating zone and returning the heat transfer particles into at least one of the cracking zone and the quench zone.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising oligomerizing olefins in the quenched cracked product to form an oligomerized product.3. A method for performing steam cracking using direct heat transfer ...

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Номер записи: 23
14-01-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR CONVERTING A FEEDSTOCK CONTAINING PYROLYSIS OIL

Номер: US20210009907A1
Автор: FRECON Jacinthe, LE BARS Delphine, NGUYEN Hong Duc
Принадлежит: AXENS

The invention relates to a process for converting a feedstock comprising pyrolysis oil and a heavy hydrocarbon-based feedstock, with: 1. Process for converting a first feedstock comprising pyrolysis oil obtained from a steam cracking unit and a second heavy hydrocarbon-based feedstock , said process comprising the following steps:a) a step of hydroconverting said feedstocks in at least one reactor, in the presence of hydrogen and of at least one hydroconversion catalyst, with the reactor being fed with the first feedstock at a feed temperature T1 of between 80 and 200° C. and with the second feedstock at a feed temperature T2 greater than 250° C., producing a hydroconverted liquid effluent;b) a step of separating at least a portion of the hydroconverted liquid effluent obtained from step a) into at least a naphtha fraction, a gas oil fraction, a vacuum gas oil fraction and an unconverted residue fraction;c) a hydrocracking step in a fixed-bed reactor in the presence of a catalyst for hydrocracking at least a portion of the vacuum gas oil fraction obtained from step b), producing a hydrocracked liquid effluent;d) a step of fractionating at least a portion of the hydrocracked liquid effluent obtained from step c) into a naphtha fraction, a gas oil fraction and an unconverted vacuum gas oil fraction;e) a step of steam cracking of at least a portion of the naphtha fraction obtained from step d) and optionally of a portion of the unconverted vacuum gas oil fraction obtained from step d) to obtain a steam-cracked effluent;f) a step of fractionating at least a portion of the steam-cracked effluent obtained from step e) into an ethylene fraction, a propylene fraction, a butadiene and C4 olefin fraction, a pyrolysis gasoline fraction and a pyrolysis oil fraction;g) a step in which at least a portion of the pyrolysis oil fraction obtained from step f) is sent into the hydroconversion step a).2. Process according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , in step g) claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 24
15-01-2015 дата публикации

CATALYST AND PROCESS FOR THERMO-NEUTRAL REFORMING OF LIQUID HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20150013225A1
Автор: Ahmed Shakeel, AL-MUHAISH Fahad Ibrahim, BITTENCOURT Roberto Carlos Pontes, CARDOSO Mauri Jose Baldini, DE SOUZA Vivian Passos
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a four-component catalyst and a seven-component catalyst and refractory supports for use in the thermoneutral reforming of petroleum-based liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

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Номер записи: 25
15-01-2015 дата публикации

PROCESS, SYSTEM AND INSTALLATION FOR TREATING LIQUID AND/OR PASTY HYDROCARBON MATERIALS

Номер: US20150014593A1
Автор: Guyomarch Raymond
Принадлежит: SEE-SOLUÇÕES, ENERGIA E MEIO AMBIENTE LTDA

The invention relates to a process for treating liquid and/or pasty hydrocarbon materials, more particularly fuel oil, more particularly still heavy fuel oil, in which the hydrocarbon materials are firstly brought to the autoignition temperature, then mixed with a controlled amount of oxygen in order to obtain a first gaseous stream and a non-gaseous mass, more particularly a solid mass, comprising solid hydrocarbon molecules which are then oxidized by a gaseous stream of COin order to obtain a second gaseous stream. The first and second gaseous streams are then mixed in order to obtain a third gaseous stream comprising carbon monoxide having a high energy value. The invention also relates to a system implementing the process according to the invention and an installation implementing such a system. 1. A process for treating liquid and/or pasty hydrocarbon-based materials comprising a gaseous volatile part and a non-gaseous solid part , more particularly heavy fuel oil , for example heavy fuel oil of category 2 or higher , tar sands or earths polluted by hydrocarbons , the process comprising the following steps:bringing of said hydrocarbon-based materials to a temperature greater than or equal to the autoignition temperature of said hydrocarbon-based materials; [{'sub': 2', '2, 'a first gaseous stream at a temperature of greater than or equal to 800° C. comprising CO and HO molecules, hydrocarbon-based molecules in the gaseous phase and Hmolecules, and'}, 'a non-gaseous feedstock comprising non-gaseous hydrocarbon-based molecules;, 'gasification of said hydrocarbon-based materials by injection of a controlled amount of oxygen, said gasification producing{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'oxidation of said non-gaseous hydrocarbon-based molecules contained in said non-gaseous feedstock, by means of an oxidation gaseous stream consisting of Oand COat a temperature of between 1000° C. and 1200° C., said oxidation producing a second gaseous stream comprising CO, Oand HO ...

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Номер записи: 26
03-02-2022 дата публикации

Solvent Control for Centrifugation of Steam Cracked Tar

Номер: US20220033716A1
Автор: Clemmons Michael J., Coleman John S., Kandel Kapil, Xu Teng
Принадлежит:

Processes for preparing a low particulate liquid hydrocarbon product are provided and includes blending a tar stream containing particles with a fluid to produce a fluid-feed mixture containing tar, the particles, and the fluid, where the fluid-feed mixture contains about 30 wt % or greater of the fluid based on a combined weight of the tar stream and the fluid. The method also includes separating, e.g., by centrifuging, from the fluid-feed mixture a higher density portion and a lower density portion, where the lower density portion contains no more than 25 wt % of the particles in the fluid-feed mixture, based on the weight of the particles in the fluid-feed mixture. 1. A process for preparing a low particulate liquid hydrocarbon product comprising:blending a tar stream comprising particles with a fluid to produce a fluid-feed mixture comprising tar, the particles, and the fluid; andseparating from the fluid-feed mixture a higher density portion and a lower density portion, wherein at least 75% by weight of the particles are transferred from the fluid-feed mixture to the higher density portion, based on the weight of the particles in the fluid-feed mixture.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fluid-feed mixture comprises wherein the fluid-feed mixture comprises about 30 wt % or greater of the fluid based on a combined weight of the tar stream and the fluid claim 1 , and the separation includes applying a centrifugal force to the fluid-feed mixture.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fluid-feed mixture comprises about 40 wt % to about 70 wt % of the fluid based on the combined weight of the tar stream and the fluid claim 1 , and the separation includes applying a centrifugal force to the fluid-feed mixture in at least one centrifuge.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fluid comprises a utility fluid that includes one or more of benzene claim 1 , ethylbenzene claim 1 , trimethylbenzene claim 1 , xylenes claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , naphthalenes claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 27
19-01-2017 дата публикации

SYNGAS PRODUCTION VIA CYCLIC REDUCTION AND OXIDATION OF METAL OXIDES

Номер: US20170015554A1
Автор: DeVault Douglas J., Flynn Thomas J., Siengchum Tritti, Velazquez-Vargas Luis G.
Принадлежит:

A chemical-looping system utilizes oxygen-carrier particles to produce syngas from carbonaceous fuels. The system provides a circuitous flow path for the oxygen-carrier particles, which are used to partially oxidize the fuel to produce syngas. The circuitous flow path can proceed through a plurality of unit operations, including a reducer, a conversion reactor, an oxidizer, and a combustor. The conversion reactor is designed to partially oxidize carbonaceous fuel in co-current flow with the oxygen-carrier particles to produce syngas. In embodiments including an oxidizer, the oxidizer is designed to at partially re-oxidize the carrier particles, yielding hydrogen that can be mixed with partially oxidized products from the conversion reactor to adjust syngas quality. The combustor can be used to fully oxidize the carrier particles traveling in a closed loop. Reactions carried out in the combustor are highly exothermic and yield thermal energy that is absorbed by the carrier particles. The absorbed energy is used at other parts of the process, including the conversion reactor, to drive endothermic reactions. In this manner the system can be operated autothermally or nearly so. Methods of producing syngas are also disclosed. 1. A system comprising:a circuitous flow pathway for oxygen-carrier particles, said pathway proceeding through a plurality of unit operations comprising a reducer, a conversion reactor, and a combustor;said reducer configured to at least partially reduce said oxygen-carrier particles;said conversion reactor configured to react said oxygen-carrier particles with a carbonaceous fuel via co-current flow to yield incomplete-oxidation products comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen; andsaid combustor configured to receive said oxygen-carrier particles in a partially or fully reduced state and to fully re-oxidize said oxygen-carrier particles.2. The system of claim 1 , said plurality of unit operations further comprising an oxidizer configured to receive ...

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Номер записи: 28
19-01-2017 дата публикации

A process for the preparation of a feedstock for a hydroprocessing unit

Номер: US20170015916A1
Автор: Arno Johannes Maria OPRINS, Ravichander Narayanaswamy, Thomas Hubertus Maria HOUSMANS, Vijayanand RAJAGOPALAN
Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies BV, Saudi Basic Industries Corp

A process for preparing a feedstock for a hydroprocessing unit, the feedstock based on crude oil containing asphaltenes and the process including mixing crude oil with a predetermined solvent in a ratio such that no aggregation of asphaltenes in the mixture takes place, and feeding the combined mixture to one or more hydroprocessing units.

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Номер записи: 29
17-01-2019 дата публикации

TRANSFER LINE

Номер: US20190015793A1
Автор: Benum Leslie Wilfred, Farag Hany Iskandar, Kluthe Jeffrey Thomas, Koselek Michael Edward, Mah Evan Geevouy, Simanzhenkov Vasily
Принадлежит: NOVA CHEMICALS (INTERNATIONAL) S.A.

A transfer line between the outlet of a steam cracker and the inlet for the quench system has metallic or ceramic inserts having a pore size from about 0.001 to about 0.5 microns inside the line forming a gas tight barrier with the inner surface of the line and having a vent for the resulting gas tight pocket are used to separate H, CH, CO and COfrom cracked gases reducing the load on the down-stream separation train of the steam cracker. 121-. (canceled)22. A method to remove one or more of H , CH , CO , and COfrom cracked gases leaving a cracking furnace by passing the gases through a transfer line wherein the transfer line is between an outlet of a steam cracking furnace and an inlet to a quench exchanger and comprises:{'sub': 2', '4', '2, 'claim-text': a) ceramic inserts having a melting point greater than 900° C. and a porosity from 5 to 75% of pores having a size from 0.001 microns to 0.5 microns and fitting within the metal casting and', 'b) metal inserts having a porosity from 5 to 75% of pores having a size from 0.001 microns to 0.5 microns;', 'c) or both;, 'i) a continuous passageway of a metal having a melting temperature greater than 1000° C. having a flange at one end of the passageway adapted to cooperate with the outlet from the steam cracking furnace and a flange at the opposite end of the passageway adapted to cooperate with the inlet to the quench exchanger; one or more inserts in said passageway permitting a flow of gases through said passageway, said inserts being permeable to at least one of H, CH, CO, and COat temperatures from 500° C. to 900° C. and spaced from an interior wall of the passageway and sealed to the interior wall of said passageway to provide one or more gas tight chambers; and one or more ports through the metal to withdraw gases from said one or more gas tight chambers; said inserts being selected from'}and optionally{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '2', '4', '2, 'ii) a membrane permeable to at least one of H, CH, CO, and COat ...

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Номер записи: 30
28-01-2016 дата публикации

Method for Producing Hydrogen and/or Other Gases from Steel Plant Wastes and Waste Heat

Номер: US20160023896A1
Автор: Bhattacharjee Debashish, Mukherjee Tridibesh
Принадлежит:

A method for producing hydrogen and/or other gases from steel plant wastes and waste heat is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing molten waste from steel plant like molten slag in a reactor. The molten slag is contacted with water and/or steam in the presence of a reducing agent to form a stream of hydrogen and/or other gases. The hydrogen and/or other gases can then be extracted from the stream of gases from the reactor. 1. A method for producing hydrogen and/or other gases from steel plant wastes and waste heat , comprising the steps of:providing molten slag that is a waste product from a steelmaking process in a reactor that is separate from the steelmaking process;contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam in the presence of a reducing agent to form a stream of gases including hydrogen gas; andseparating hydrogen gas from said stream,wherein a flux is added to the molten slag and reducing agent for promoting the formation of hydrogen.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molten slag comprises blast furnace slag claim 1 , desulphurization slag of steelmaking claim 1 , converter slag of steelmaking claim 1 , ferrochrome or ferromanganese slag in submerged arc furnace (SAF) claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam comprises spraying water into the molten slag using a water line with a spray nozzle.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the molten slag when contacted with water and/or steam is greater than 1250° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam comprises injecting steam into the molten slag using a lance.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam comprises injecting the reducing agent along with the water and/or steam into the molten slag.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said stream of gases includes carbon monoxide gas claim 1 , and further comprising ...

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Номер записи: 31
26-01-2017 дата публикации

A PROCESS FOR INCREASING PROCESS FURNACES ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Номер: US20170022429A1
Автор: VAN WILLIGENBURG Joris
Принадлежит:

A process for increasing furnace energy efficiency through gas turbine integration by using turbine exhaust gas, wherein a hydrocarbon feed is heated in a furnace. 1. A process for increasing process furnaces energy efficiency through gas turbine integration by using turbine exhaust gas , wherein a hydrocarbon feed is heated in a furnace , said process comprising the following steps:i) feeding furnace combustion air to the burners of said furnace together with furnace fuel to provide high temperature heat to said furnace;ii) cooling the hydrocarbon feed thus processed by using water from a steam drum under the formation of water vapour;iii) returning the mixture of water and water vapour thus formed to said steam drum;iv) withdrawing saturated high-pressure steam from said steam drum and feeding said saturated high-pressure steam to a heat recovery unit; andv) feeding said turbine exhaust gas to said heat recovery unit for converting said high-pressure steam into super heated high pressure steam.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said furnace is from the group including a steam cracker furnace claim 1 , a propane dehydrogenation furnace claim 1 , and a butane dehydrogenation furnace.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein said furnace is a steam cracker furnace and wherein in step i) high temperature heat is provided to a radiant section of said cracking furnace for pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon feed present in said radiant section under cracking conditions.4. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising preheating furnace combustion air through hot flue gasses from said furnace and/or hot flue gasses from said heat recovery unit.5. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising preheating boiler water through hot flue gasses from said heat recovery unit and feeding the boiler feed water thus preheated to said steam drum.6. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising preheating boiler water through hot flue gasses from a ...

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Номер записи: 32
23-01-2020 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR SUPERHEATING DILUTION STEAM AND GENERATING ELECTRICITY

Номер: US20200024525A1
Автор: DIJKMANS Thomas, RUGGIERO Romina, VAN WILLIGENBURG Joris
Принадлежит:

Methods and system for superheating dilution steam for use in a steam cracking furnace and generating electricity are provided. Methods can include combusting fuel in the presence of compressed air to produce a flue gas, wherein the flue gas drives a turbine to produce electricity. Methods can further include superheating the dilution steam with the flue gas, combining the dilution steam with a feed stream including hydrocarbons to produce a mixed feed stream, and steam cracking the mixed feed stream to produce a product stream. 1. A method for superheating dilution steam for use in a steam cracking furnace using compressed air , the method comprising the steps of:(a) combusting fuel in the presence of the compressed air to produce a flue gas, wherein the flue gas drives a turbine to produce electricity;(b) superheating the dilution steam with the flue gas;(c) combining the dilution steam with a feed stream comprising hydrocarbons to produce a mixed feed stream; and(d) steam cracking the mixed feed stream to produce a product stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dilution steam is superheated to a temperature from about 400° C. to about 600° C.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating the feed stream prior to the combining.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising flash vaporizing the mixed feed stream such that greater than about 70% of the hydrocarbons are vaporized prior to the steam cracking.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating the mixed feed stream prior to the steam cracking.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product stream comprises ethylene.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising quenching the product stream.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising combusting fuel in the presence of an oxidation agent to heat the steam cracking furnace.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the oxidation agent is heated with the flue gas prior to the combusting.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the oxidation agent is ...

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Номер записи: 33
31-01-2019 дата публикации

INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR BITUMEN PARTIAL UPGRADING

Номер: US20190031963A1
Автор: Panuccio Gregory J., Papavassiliou Vasilis
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to decreasing the amount of diluent needed to convert a heavy oil to a bitumen product that can be transported by pipeline. More specifically, the invention relates to a method and apparatus for partially upgrading heavy oil into a lower viscosity bitumen product. 1. An integrated system for partially upgrading a hydrocarbon containing heavy oil into a hydrocarbon product , comprising:(a) an oxyfuel combustion process carried out in a thermal nozzle producing a hot gas that atomizes a hydrocarbon containing heavy oil and induces upgrading reactions to produce a reactor effluent containing a partially upgraded oil;(b) cooling the reactor effluent; and(c) separating the reactor effluent into a substantially water free partially upgraded hydrocarbon oil product, a water liquid fraction and a gas fraction.2. An integrated system for partially upgrading a hydrocarbon containing heavy oil into a hydrocarbon product , comprising:(a) a reactor with a thermal nozzle operating an oxyfuel combustion process producing a hot gas that atomizes a hydrocarbon containing heavy oil and induces upgrading reactions to produce a reactor effluent containing a partially upgraded oil;(b) a heat recovery/process boiler for receiving and cooling the partially upgraded reactor effluent producing steam;(c) a flash drum for receiving and separating the reactor effluent into a lighter hydrocarbon and cracked combustion gases portion which is removed overhead from the top of the flash drum, and a flash drum bottom portion of heavier oil hydrocarbons;(d) at least one heat exchanger to cool the product from the top portion of the flush drum; and(e) a treater to receive the cooled flash drum portion and separate it into a gas fraction, a water fraction and a light hydrocarbon liquid fraction and(f) combining the flash drum bottom portion from step (c) with the light hydrocarbon liquid fraction from step (e) to form a partially upgraded oil product.3. The integrated ...

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Номер записи: 34
24-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD TO PRODUCE HIGH QUALITY COMPONENTS FROM RENEWABLE RAW MATERIAL

Номер: US20220056351A1
Автор: Karvo Anna, Kiiski Ulla, RÄMÖ Virpi, ROUHIAINEN Maija
Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

The present disclosure relates to a method of producing high quality components from renewable raw material. Specifically, the disclosure relates to production of renewable materials which can be employed as high-quality chemicals and/or as high quality drop-in gasoline components. Further, the disclosure relates to drop-in gasoline components and to polymers obtainable by the method. 1. A method for producing renewable component(s) , the method comprising:a provision step of providing an isomeric raw material originating from a renewable source, wherein the isomeric raw material contains at least 60 wt.-% iso-paraffins;a cracking step of thermally cracking the isomeric raw material to produce a biohydrocarbon mixture containing C4 olefins; anda reaction step of reacting at least a part of the C4 olefins to produce the renewable component(s).2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said renewable component(s) are drop-in gasoline component(s) having a high octane number.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said renewable component(s) are bio-monomer(s) or bio-polymer(s) claim 1 , with at least one selected from the group consisting of butyl rubber claim 1 , methyl methacrylate claim 1 , polymethyl methacrylate claim 1 , polyisobutylene claim 1 , substituted phenol claim 1 , and polybutene.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture containing C4 olefins contains at least isobutene and the reaction step of reacting at least a part of the C4 olefins is a step of reacting at least a part of the isobutene to produce the renewable component(s).5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isomeric raw material is selected to contain at least one or more of at least 70 wt.-% claim 1 , at least 75 wt.-% claim 1 , at least 80 wt.-% claim 1 , at least 83 wt.-% claim 1 , at least 85 wt.-% claim 1 , at least 90 wt.-% claim 1 , and/or at least 95 wt.-% iso-paraffins.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the iso-paraffins contain multi-branched ...

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Номер записи: 35
07-02-2019 дата публикации

Process and installation for the conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals having an improved propylene yield

Номер: US20190039969A1
Автор: Andrew Mark Ward, Arno Johannes Maria OPRINS, Egidius Jacoba Maria SCHAERLAECKENS, Raul Velasco Pelaez, Ravichander Narayanaswamy, Vijayanand RAJAGOPALAN
Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies BV, Saudi Basic Industries Corp

The present invention relates to an integrated process to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising crude oil distillation, aromatic ring opening, and olefins synthesis, which process comprises subjecting a hydrocarbon feed to aromatic ring opening to produce LPG and subjecting the LPG produced in the integrated process to olefins synthesis. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process installation to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising a crude distillation unit comprising an inlet for crude oil and at least one outlet for kerosene and/or gasoil; an aromatic ring opening unit comprising an inlet for a hydrocarbon feed to aromatic ring opening and an outlet for LPG; and a unit for the olefins synthesis comprising an inlet for LPG produced by the integrated petrochemical process installation and an outlet for olefins. The hydrocarbon feed subjected to aromatic ring opening comprises kerosene and/or gasoil produced by crude oil distillation in the process; and refinery unit-derived middle-distillate produced in the process. The process and the process installation of the present invention have an increased production of petrochemicals at the expense of the production of fuels and an improved propylene yield.

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Номер записи: 36
07-02-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR THE CONVERSION OF CRUDE OIL TO PETROCHEMICALS HAVING AN IMPROVED PROPYLENE YIELD

Номер: US20190039970A1
Автор: Narayanaswamy Ravichander, OPRINS Arno Johannes Maria, Rajagopalan Vijayanand, SCHAERLAECKENS Egidius Jacoba Maria, VELASCO PELAEZ Raul, Ward Andrew Mark
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to an integrated process to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising crude oil distillation, aromatic ring opening, and olefins synthesis, which process comprises subjecting a hydrocarbon feed to aromatic ring opening to produce LPG and subjecting the LPG produced in the integrated process to olefins synthesis. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process installation to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising a crude distillation unit comprising an inlet for crude oil and at least one outlet for kerosene and/or gasoil; an aromatic ring opening unit comprising an inlet for a hydrocarbon feed to aromatic ring opening and an outlet for LPG; and a unit for the olefins synthesis comprising an inlet for LPG produced by the integrated petrochemical process installation and an outlet for olefins. The hydrocarbon feed subjected to aromatic ring opening comprises kerosene and/or gasoil produced by crude oil distillation in the process; and refinery unit-derived middle-distillate produced in the process. The process and the process installation of the present invention have an increased production of petrochemicals at the expense of the production of fuels and an improved propylene yield. 17-. (canceled)8. A process installation to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprisinga crude distillation unit comprising an inlet for crude oil and at least one outlet for kerosene and/or gasoil;an aromatic ring opening unit comprising an inlet for a hydrocarbon feed to aromatic ring opening and an outlet for LPG; anda unit for olefins synthesis comprising an inlet for LPG produced by the integrated petrochemical process installation and an outlet for olefins, kerosene and/or gasoil produced by the crude oil distillation unit; and', 'refinery unit-derived middle-distillate produced the integrated petrochemical process installation., 'wherein said hydrocarbon feed to aromatic ring opening comprises9. The ...

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Номер записи: 37
08-05-2014 дата публикации

OXY-FUEL COMBUSTION

Номер: US20140124705A1
Автор: Andersen Niels Ulrik, ØSTBERG Martin
Принадлежит: Haldor Topsoe A/S

A process for the production of synthesis gas with reduced carbon dioxide foot-print via recycling of carbon dioxide produced in the process to the burners of the steam reformer. 1. Method for operating a burner in a steam reformer comprising: (a) mixing a fuel and an oxidant gas and burning the resulting mixture; (b) recovering from the reformer a flue gas stream containing carbon dioxide and water , and splitting the stream into a flue gas recycle stream and a separate stream for carbon dioxide recovery; (c) recovering from the reformer a separate stream of reformed gas containing carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , hydrogen and water; (d) recovering a carbon dioxide stream from the reformed gas by passing the reformed gas through a carbon dioxide removal section; (e1) combining at least a portion of the flue gas recycle stream with an oxygen or enriched oxygen stream to form the oxidant gas of step a) , or (e2) combining at least a portion of the carbon dioxide stream from the reformed gas with an oxygen or enriched oxygen stream to form the oxidant gas of step a) , or (e3) combining at least a portion of the flue gas recycle stream with at least a portion of the carbon dioxide stream from the reformed gas , and combining with the oxygen or enriched oxygen stream to form the oxidant stream of step a);wherein step (b) further comprises removing oxygen from the flue gas before splitting into said flue gas recycle stream and said separate stream for carbon dioxide recovery.2. Method according to further comprising subjecting the reformed gas to a water gas shift stage before passing the gas through the carbon dioxide removal section.3. Method according to in which step (b) further comprises removing water from the flue gas stream before splitting into said flue gas recycle stream and said separate stream for carbon dioxide recovery.4. Method according to in which the step of removing oxygen from the flue gas is conducted via a catalytic oxidizer.5. Method according ...

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Номер записи: 38
13-02-2020 дата публикации

ADVANCED STEAM CRACKING

Номер: US20200047142A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N.
Принадлежит:

A process and system that use the heat produced in the generation of Syngas to provide heat to an endothermic reaction zone are disclosed. A method for providing heat to an endothermic reaction may comprise producing Syngas in a reforming reactor. The method may further comprise recovering heat from the producing the Syngas to heat an endothermic reaction stream in a heat transfer zone. The method may further comprise allowing reactants in the endothermic reaction stream to react to form an endothermic reaction product stream. The method may further comprise withdrawing the endothermic reaction product stream from the heat transfer zone. 1. A method for providing heat to an endothermic reaction , comprising:producing Syngas in a reforming reactor;recovering heat from the producing of the Syngas to heat an endothermic reaction stream in a heat transfer zone;allowing reactants in the endothermic reaction stream to react to form an endothermic reaction product stream; andwithdrawing the endothermic reaction product stream from the heat transfer zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the endothermic reaction is selected from the group consisting of steam cracking claim 1 , naphtha reforming claim 1 , and paraffin dehydrogenation.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer zone is disposed in the reforming reactor claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer zone comprises a fluidized bed.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising supplying the endothermic reaction stream to tubes disposed in the fluidized bed.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the fluidized bed is catalytic.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the recovering the heat comprises supplying a Syngas stream comprising the Syngas to the heat transfer zone.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the recovering the heat comprises heating a fluidized bed with the Syngas stream.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the fluidized bed is catalytic and catalyzes conversion of the Syngas in the Syngas stream to a product.9 ...

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Номер записи: 39
23-02-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING CRUDE OIL PRODUCTS

Номер: US20170051213A1
Автор: Zimmermann Heinz
Принадлежит:

A method for obtaining crude oil products is proposed in which a gaseous stream (d) is formed from a crude oil stream (b) by evaporation () and the gaseous stream (d) is at least partially subjected to a steam cracking process (), a cracked gas stream (e) being produced in the steam cracking process () which is at least partially quenched with a liquid hydrocarbon stream (f), thereby forming a quenching effluent (g). It is provided that a fraction (f) of the crude oil stream (b) that remains liquid during the evaporation () of the crude oil stream (b) is used at least partly to form the liquid hydrocarbon stream (f) used for the quenching. The liquid hydrocarbon stream used for the quenching is low in or free from components that have been separated from the quenching effluent (g) or a stream formed from the quenching effluent (g) and the quenching effluent (g) is obtained by quenching with the liquid hydrocarbon stream (f) at a temperature in the range from 0 to 250° C. The invention also relates to an apparatus () configured to carry out the method. 1112. Method for obtaining crude oil products wherein a gaseous stream (d) is formed from a crude oil stream (b) by evaporation and the gaseous stream (d) is at least partly subjected to a steam cracking process () , wherein , in the steam cracking process () , a cracked gas stream (e) is produced which is at least partly quenched with a liquid hydrocarbon stream (f) , with formation of a quenching effluent (g) , characterised in that a fraction (f) that remains liquid during the evaporation () of the crude oil stream (b) is at least partly used to form the hydrocarbon stream (f) using for quenching , wherein the liquid hydrocarbon stream used for the quenching is low in or free from components that have been separated from the quenching effluent (g) or a stream formed from the quenching effluent (g) and the quenching effluent is obtained by quenching with the liquid hydrocarbon stream (f) at a temperature in the range ...

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Номер записи: 40
03-03-2016 дата публикации

FLUID INJECTION NOZZLE FOR FLUID BED REACTORS

Номер: US20160060541A1
Автор: MCMILLAN Jennifer, POUGATCH Konstantin, REID Kevin, SALCUDEAN Martha E.
Принадлежит: EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY

The liquid feed nozzle assemblies for a circulating fluid bed reactor comprise (i) a throttle body premixer to combine liquid feed with atomization steam to form a liquid feed/steam mixture comprising gas bubbles in liquid; (ii) a conduit connected to the premixer and to a discharge nozzle to convey a flow of the liquid/steam mixture created by the premixer to the nozzle body; (iii) a discharge nozzle connected to the flow conduit to shear the liquid feed/steam mixture to create liquid feed droplets of reduced size and (iv) a disperser at the outlet of the discharge nozzle to provide a spray jet of liquid feed having an increased surface area relative to a cylindrical jet. The nozzle assembles are particularly useful in fluid coking units using heavy oil feeds such a tar sands bitumen. 1. A circulating fluid bed reactor having a reactor wall of circular cross section about a vertical axis , a lower inlet for fluidizing gas and feed injection nozzle assemblies for a liquid heavy oil feed and atomization steam above the lower fluidizing gas inlet and around the reactor wall , the nozzle assemblies each extending through the reactor wall into the reactor with a discharge orifice within the reactor and a feed inlet for the liquid heavy oil feed at the end remote from the discharge orifice; each feed injection nozzle assembly comprising:a premixer section to combine the liquid heavy oil feed with atomization steam to form a liquid feed/steam mixture comprising gas bubbles in liquid, the premixer section comprising successive converging and diverging zones with a plurality of radial steam inlet ports located at the entry of the converging zone;a flow conduit section following and connected to the outlet of the premixer section, extending from the premixer section to a discharge nozzle, to convey a flow of the liquid/steam mixture created by the premixer to the discharge nozzle;a discharge nozzle having a convergent entry following and connected to the flow conduit section ...

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Номер записи: 41
02-03-2017 дата публикации

Process and installation for the conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals having an improved ethylene and btx yield

Номер: US20170058214A1
Автор: Andrew Mark Ward, Arno Johannes Maria OPRINS, Egidius Jacoba Maria SCHAERLAECKENS, Joris VAN WILLIGENBURG, Raul Velasco Pelaez, Ravichander Narayanaswamy, Vijayanand RAJAGOPALAN
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention relates to an integrated process to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising crude oil distillation, hydrocracking, aromatization and olefins synthesis. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process installation to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising a crude distillation unit, a hydrocracker, an aromatization unit and a unit for olefins synthesis.

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Номер записи: 42
05-03-2015 дата публикации

Method for separating olefins with gentle cleavage

Номер: US20150065770A1
Автор: Holger Schmigalle, TUAT PHAM Duc
Принадлежит: Linde GmbH

A process for producing olefins, in which a hydrocarbon-containing feed is fed into a cracking furnace where relatively long-chain hydrocarbons of the hydrocarbon-containing feed are cracked at least partly to form shorter-chain olefins, encompassing ethylene and propylene. Cracking gas ( 1 ) formed during cracking is conveyed in succession through an upper section ( 11 ) and a lower section ( 12 ) of a scrubbing column ( 10 ) in countercurrent to a liquid scrubbing medium ( 43, 31 ), is proposed. A fraction ( 43 ) rich in petroleum spirit is used in the lower section ( 11 ) of the scrubbing column ( 10 ) and a water-rich fraction ( 31 ) is used in the upper section ( 11 ) of the scrubbing column ( 10 ) as scrubbing medium ( 43, 31 ). A plant configured for carrying out the process is likewise provided by the present invention.

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Номер записи: 43
17-03-2022 дата публикации

High Pressure Ethane Cracking with Small Diameter Furnace Tubes

Номер: US20220081623A1
Автор: Phillips Stephen R., Spicer David, Stephens George, Yeo Gregory E.
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for performing ethane steam cracking at elevated coil inlet pressures and/or elevated coil outlet pressures in small diameter furnace coils. Instead of performing steam cracking of ethane at a coil outlet pressure of ˜22 psig or less (˜150 kPa-g or less), the steam cracking of ethane can be performed in small diameter furnace coils at a coil outlet pressure of 30 psig to 75 psig (˜200 kPa-g to ˜520 kPa-g), or 40 psig to 75 psig (˜270 kPa-g to ˜520 kPa-g). In order to achieve such higher coil outlet pressures, a correspondingly higher coil inlet pressure can also be used, such as a pressure of 45 psig (˜310 kPa-g) or more, or 50 psig (˜340 kPa-g) or more. 1. A method for performing steam cracking , comprising:pre-heating a mixture of steam and a feed comprising 50 vol % or more of ethane to a first temperature;passing the mixture into a plurality of radiant coils at a coil inlet pressure, wherein each of the furnace coils has an inner diameter of 6.0 cm or less; andexposing the mixture in the plurality of radiant coils to steam cracking conditions which include a cracking temperature of 800° C. or more and a coil outlet pressure of 200 kPa-g to 520 kPa-g or more for a residence time to produce a steam cracked effluent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coil outlet pressure is in a range of from 270 kPa-g to 520 kPa-g.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residence time is in a range of from 0.1 second to 1.0 second.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coil inlet pressure is 310 kPa-g or more.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residence time is in a range of from 0.1 to 0.3 seconds.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is 675° C. or more.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is in a range of from 760° C. to 775° C.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the furnace coils has an inner diameter in a range of from 2.5 cm to 5.0 cm.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the furnace ...

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Номер записи: 44
27-02-2020 дата публикации

WASTE UPGRADING AND RELATED SYSTEMS

Номер: US20200063038A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N.
Принадлежит:

A method upgrading waste to produce fuel can include: introducing a hydrocarbon feed stream into a 450° C. to 1050° C. coking zone of a reactor containing a fluidized bed of coke particles maintained at coking temperatures to produce a vapor phase hydrocarbon product while coke is deposited on the coke particles; allowing the coke particles to pass downwards to a stripper section of the reactor; introducing a steam stream into the stripper section; transferring the coke particles from the stripper section to a gasifier/burner; contacting the coke particles in the gasifier/burner an oxygen-containing gas in an oxygen-limited atmosphere at 850° C. to 1200° C. to heat the coke particles and form a fuel gas product that comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen; recycling the heated coke particles from the gasifier/burner to the coking zone of the reactor; and introducing at least one waste stream to the reactor and/or the gasifier/burner. 1. A method comprising:introducing a hydrocarbon feed stream into a 450° C. to 1050° C. coking zone of a reactor containing a fluidized bed of coke particles maintained at coking temperatures to produce a vapor phase hydrocarbon product while coke is deposited on the coke particles;allowing the coke particles to pass downwards in the reactor to a stripper section of the reactor;introducing a steam stream into the stripper section of the reactor;transferring the coke particles from the stripper section of the reactor to a gasifier/burner;contacting the coke particles in the gasifier/burner an oxygen-containing gas in an oxygen-limited atmosphere at 850° C. to 1200° C. to heat the coke particles and form a fuel gas product that comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen;recycling the heated coke particles from the gasifier/burner to the coking zone of the reactor; andintroducing at least one waste stream to the reactor and/or the gasifier/burner.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one waste stream comprises a first hydrocarbon-rich ...

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Номер записи: 45
27-02-2020 дата публикации

REDUCING CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS IN STEAM CRACKING OPERATIONS

Номер: US20200063039A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N., Raterman Michael F., Spry David B.
Принадлежит:

A method for reducing COemissions from steam cracking operations can include: introducing an oxygen-rich stream comprising oxygen and from 0 wt % to 15 wt % nitrogen to a vessel; introducing hydrocarbon combustion fuel to the vessel; combusting oxygen and hydrocarbon combustion fuel in the vessel to (1) produce a flue gas comprising carbon dioxide and water and (2) heat a cracking coil passing through the vessel; and performing a steam cracking reaction in the cracking coil passing through the vessel. 1. A method comprising:introducing an oxygen-rich stream comprising oxygen and from 0 wt % to 15 wt % nitrogen to a vessel;introducing hydrocarbon combustion fuel to the vessel;combusting oxygen and hydrocarbon combustion fuel in the vessel to (1) produce a flue gas comprising carbon dioxide and water and (2) heat a cracking coil passing through the vessel; andperforming a steam cracking reaction in the cracking coil passing through the vessel.2. The method of further comprising:heating a steam coil and a hydrocarbon coil both passing through the vessel with the flue gas; andsupplying steam from the steam coil and hydrocarbon cracking feed from the hydrocarbon coil to the cracking coil.3. The method of claiml claim 1 , wherein a temperature in the vessel at an outlet of the cracking coil from the vessel is about 600° C. to about 1000° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a pressure in the vessel at an outlet of the cracking coil from the vessel is about ambient pressure to about 600 psig.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein a pressure in the vessel at an outlet of the cracking coil from the vessel is about 300 psig to about 600 psig.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature in the cracking coil at an outlet of the cracking coil from the vessel is about 400° C. to about 900° C.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen is diluted with steam and/or carbon dioxide.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein an excess of oxygen is used during combustion to produce the flue ...

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Номер записи: 46
16-03-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN-CONTAINING GAS AND REACTOR FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD

Номер: US20170073226A1
Автор: Derevich Igor V., Ermolaev Ilia S., Ermolaev Vadim S., Kulchakovsky Petr I., Mitberg Eduard B., Mordkovich Vladimir Z., Solomonik Igor G.
Принадлежит:

The invention is for use in gas chemistry for producing hydrogen-containing gas on the base of a CO and Hmixture (syngas) from natural gas and other hydrocarbon gases. The object of the invention is to suppress side reactions resulting in soot formation when conducting the process in high productivity mode, and also to provide for an uncomplicated reactor design while maintaining compact dimensions thereof. The method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas comprises mixing natural gas with oxygen, partially oxidizing the natural gas with oxygen at a temperature ranging from 1300° C. to 1700° C. resulting in obtaining hydrogen-containing gas, and cooling the stream of the hydrogen-containing gas produced. Said cooling is performed until the temperature drops below 550° C. and at a rate above 100000° C./sec. The reactor comprises the following steps, which are arranged in series along the technological process: means for supplying natural gas and oxygen, a natural gas and oxygen mixing zone, a zone for conducting the reaction by partially oxidizing the natural gas with oxygen, and a zone for cooling the stream of the hydrogen-containing gas produced, which is equipped with a cooling body of revolution in order to provide an intensive cooling of the stream of hydrogen-containing gas by contacting thereof with said body of revolution. 1. A method for producing hydrogen-containing gas , said method comprising mixing natural gas with oxygen , partial oxidation of natural gas by oxygen at the temperature ranging from 1300° C. to 1700° C. to produce hydrogen-containing gas , and cooling the stream of obtained hydrogen-containing gas , where the stream of hydrogen-containing gas is cooled to the temperature lower 550° C. at the cooling rate more than 100000° C./s.2. The method according to claim 1 , where cooling the stream of hydrogen-containing gas is carried out by contacting said stream with a body of revolution.3. The method according to claim 2 , where the stream of ...

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Номер записи: 47
15-03-2018 дата публикации

System and Method for Hydrothermal Upgrading of Fatty Acid Feedstock

Номер: US20180073331A1
Автор: Trygstad W. Marcus
Принадлежит:

A system and method is provided for upgrading a continuously flowing process stream including heavy crude oil (HCO). A reactor receives the process stream in combination with water, at an inlet temperature within a range of about 60° C. to about 200° C. The reactor includes one or more process flow tubes having a combined length of about 30 times their aggregated transverse cross-sectional dimension, and progressively heats the process stream to an outlet temperature T(max)1 within a range of between about 260° C. to about 400° C. The reactor maintains the process stream at a pressure sufficient to ensure that it remains a single phase at T(max)1. A controller selectively adjusts the rate of flow of the process stream through the reactor to maintain a total residence time of greater than about 1 minute and less than about 25 minutes. 1. A system for upgrading a continuously flowing process stream including hydrocarbons , comprising:a fluid flow path configured to convey the process stream continuously therethrough in a downstream direction, the flow path including a reactor;the reactor configured to receive the process stream in combination with water, at an inlet temperature within a range of about 60° C. to about 200° C.;the reactor including one or more process flow tubes defining an aggregated interior cross-sectional dimension in a plane extending transversely to the downstream direction therethrough, the one or more flow tubes having a combined length of at least about 4 times the aggregated interior cross-sectional dimension;the reactor configured to apply heat to the process stream flowing therethrough, to progressively heat the process stream from the inlet temperature at an upstream portion of the reactor, to an outlet temperature T(max)1 within a range of between about 260° C. to about 425° C. at a downstream portion of the reactor;the reactor configured to maintain the process stream at a pressure sufficient to ensure that the process stream remains a ...

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Номер записи: 48
22-03-2018 дата публикации

INTEGRATED HYDROTREATING AND STEAM PYROLYSIS SYSTEM INCLUDING HYDROGEN REDISTRIBUTION FOR DIRECT PROCESSING OF A CRUDE OIL

Номер: US20180079975A1
Автор: ABBA Ibrahim A., AKHRAS Abdul Rahman Zafer, BOURANE Abdennour, SAYED Essam, SHAFI Raheel
Принадлежит:

Steam pyrolysis and hydroprocessing are integrated including hydrogen redistribution to permit direct processing of crude oil feedstocks to produce petrochemicals including olefins and aromatics. A feed is initially split into a light portion and a heavy portion, and the heavy portion is hydroprocessed. A hydroprocessed effluent is charged, along with steam, to a convection section of a steam pyrolysis zone. The mixture is heated and passed to a vapor-liquid separation section. A residual portion is removed and light components are charged to a pyrolysis section of the steam pyrolysis zone. A mixed product stream is recovered from the steam pyrolysis zone and it is separated into product including olefins and aromatics. 1. An integrated hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis system for the direct processing of a crude oil to produce olefinic and aromatic petrochemicals , the system comprising:a separation zone having a heavy fraction outlet and a light fraction outlet;a catalytic hydroprocessing zone in fluid communication with the heavy fraction outlet of the separation zone having inlet for receiving a mixture of the heavy components and hydrogen recycled from a steam pyrolysis product stream effluent, and make-up hydrogen as necessary, and an outlet for discharging a hydroprocessed effluent, the catalytic hydroprocessing zone including a reactor operating under conditions effective to produce a hydroprocessed effluent; a thermal cracking convection section with an inlet in fluid communication with the hydroprocessing zone outlet, and an outlet, and', 'a thermal cracking pyrolysis section having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the convection section and the light fraction outlet, and a pyrolysis section outlet;, 'a thermal cracking zone including'}a quenching zone in fluid communication with the pyrolysis section outlet, the quenching zone having an outlet for discharging an intermediate quenched mixed product stream and an outlet for discharging ...

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Номер записи: 49
31-03-2022 дата публикации

Primary Fractionator with Reduced Fouling

Номер: US20220096955A1
Автор: Bartel Robert S., Coleman John S., Lawrence Selma S., Malhotra Monica, Moran Michael, Singh Vikram
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for reducing or minimizing fouling within the primary fractionator of a pyrolysis reaction system. The reduced or minimized fouling can be achieved in part by providing one or more pump-around trays in the primary fractionator below the level of the fractionation trays for an intermediate product produced by the fractionator. Including a pump-around section below the fractionation trays can improve vapor distribution within the fractionation trays, which are believed to have an increased likelihood of accumulation of foulant deposits. Optionally, other vapor distribution devices can be included along with the pump-around section. 1. A method for processing a pyrolysis effluent , comprising:passing a pyrolysis effluent comprising a temperature of 300° C. or less to a fractionation column, wherein the fractionation column includes,(a) a lower region,(b) a pump-around region located above the lower region, wherein the pump-around region includes one or more vapor-liquid contactors,(c) a vapor-distribution region located above the pump-around region, wherein the vapor-distribution region, and(d) a fractionation region located above the vapor-distribution region, wherein the fractionation region includes one or more vapor-liquid contactors;introducing the pyrolysis effluent into the lower region;withdrawing a fluid stream from the lower region;conducing at least a vapor from the lower region upward through the pump-around region to distribute the vapor;conducting the distributed vapor upward into the vapor-distribution region and toward the fractionation region;cooling at least a portion of the withdrawn fluid stream, and introducing at least a portion of the cooled fluid stream into the vapor-distribution region;disengaging in the fractionation region a substantially liquid phase from the distributed vapor phase, passing at least a remainder of the distributed vapor phase upward away from the fractionation region, and conducting at least ...

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Номер записи: 50
23-03-2017 дата публикации

Process and Apparatus for Reducing Thermal Shock in a Hydrocarbon Steam Cracking Furnace

Номер: US20170081594A1
Автор: Le Roy Philippe J., Spicer David B., Stephens George
Принадлежит:

A method and apparatus of reducing thermal shock in one or more radiant tubes of a pyrolysis furnace is provided. The apparatus is a furnace comprising a blower and blower bypass conduit providing separate fluid communication paths for flue gas from the convection section to a natural draft flue gas stack. The method comprises the steps of: redirecting at least a portion of the flue gas through the blower bypass conduit when a blower shut-off event is indicated as well as reducing the firing rate of the furnace. 1. A method of reducing thermal shock in one or more radiant tubes of a furnace , the method comprising the steps of:(a) providing fuel to the furnace, the furnace comprising a firebox with one or more burners and one or more radiant tubes, a convection section in fluid communication with the firebox, a flue gas stack, a blower, and a blower bypass conduit, wherein the blower and the blower bypass conduit provide separate fluid communication paths between the convection section and the flue gas stack;(b) combusting the fuel in the firebox burners to generate flue gas;(c) conducting the flue gas away from the firebox through the convection section, blower, and flue gas stack;(d) monitoring a parameter predictive of a blower shut-off event;(e) directing at least a portion of the flue gas from the convection section through the blower bypass conduit when the parameter indicates a blower shut-off event; and(f) reducing the amount of flue gas generated in the firebox.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the parameter predictive of a blower shut-off event comprises the furnace pressure or blower speed.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein reducing the amount of flue gas generated comprises reducing an amount of fuel provided to one or more burners configured to heat the firebox.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein reducing flue gas generated comprises reducing an amount of fuel provided to fewer than all of the burners configured to heat the firebox.5. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 51
25-03-2021 дата публикации

COUPLING REACTION APPARATUS FOR HEAVY OIL PYROLYSIS-GASIFICATION

Номер: US20210087475A1
Автор: Gao Jinsen, LAN XINGYING, SHI XIAOGANG, WANG CHENGXIU, Zhang Yuming
Принадлежит:

A coupling reaction apparatus for heavy oil cracking-gasification, including a cracking section and a gasification section communicated with each other, and the cracking section is located above the gasification section; the cracking section is provided with a heavy oil raw material inlet and a fluidizing gas inlet, and an upper part of the cracking section is provided with an oil-gas outlet; and the gasification section is provided with a gasification agent inlet. 1. A coupling reaction apparatus for heavy oil cracking-gasification , comprising:a cracking section and a gasification section communicated with each other, and the cracking section is located above the gasification section;the cracking section is provided with a heavy oil raw material inlet and a fluidizing gas inlet, and an upper part of the cracking section is provided with an oil-gas outlet; andthe gasification section is provided with a gasification agent inlet.2. The coupling reaction apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein further comprising a water vapor stripping section and a particle size refining section communicated with each other;the water vapor stripping section and the particle size refining section are disposed between the cracking section and the gasification section, and are communicated with the cracking section and the gasification section respectively;the water vapor stripping section is located above the particle size refining section; andthe water vapor stripping section is provided with a stripping water vapor inlet, and the particle size refining section is provided with a grinding water vapor inlet.3. The coupling reaction apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein further comprising a gas-solid separation section claim 2 , and the gas-solid separation section is located above the cracking section claim 2 , and is configured to perform a gas-solid separation treatment on oil-gas in the cracking section.4. The coupling reaction apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein further ...

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Номер записи: 52
21-03-2019 дата публикации

Process and Apparatus for Reducing Thermal Shock in a Hydrocarbon Steam Cracking Furnace

Номер: US20190085249A1
Автор: Le Roy Philippe J., Spicer David, Stephens George
Принадлежит:

A method and apparatus of reducing thermal shock in one or more radiant tubes of a pyrolysis furnace is provided. The apparatus is a furnace comprising a blower and blower bypass conduit providing separate fluid communication paths for flue gas from the convection section to a natural draft flue gas stack. The method comprises the steps of: redirecting at least a portion of the flue gas through the blower bypass conduit when a blower shut-off event is indicated as well as reducing the firing rate of the furnace. 114-. (canceled)15. A furnace , comprising:(a) a plurality of hydrocarbon feed conduits;(b) a plurality of dilution steam conduits in fluid communication with their corresponding hydrocarbon feed conduits;(c) a plurality of radiant tubes in fluid communication with the corresponding combined steam and hydrocarbon feed conduits;(d) a firebox comprising a plurality of burners generating flue gas for heating the exterior of the radiant tubes and providing a cracked hydrocarbon effluent from the radiant tubes;(e) a convection section in fluid communication with the firebox for heating the hydrocarbon feed and steam conduits with flue gas;(f) a flue gas stack, a blower, and a blower bypass conduit, wherein the blower and the blower bypass conduit provide separate fluid communication paths for flue gas to flow from the convection section to the flue gas stack;(g) a first damper adapted to control flow of flue gas through the blower and a second damper adapted to control flow of flue gas through the blower bypass conduit;(h) a partial trip valve configured to reduce flue gas generation in one or more of the plurality of burners;(i) at least one sensor configured to detect a parameter indicative of a blower shut-off event; and a. close the first damper to reduce flow of flue gas through the blower,', 'b. open the second damper to direct at least a portion of the flue gas through the blower bypass conduit, and', 'c. close the partial trip valve to reduce flue gas ...

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Номер записи: 53
30-03-2017 дата публикации

Process and plant for producing olefins

Номер: US20170088482A1
Автор: Clara Delhomme-Neudecker, Ernst Haidegger, Harald SCHMADERER, Helmut Fritz, Marianne Ponceau, Torben HÖFEL
Принадлежит: Linde GmbH

A method ( 100 ) for producing olefins is proposed, wherein a first gas mixture (b) is produced by means of a steam cracking process ( 1 ) and a second gas mixture (s) is produced by means of an oxygenate-to-olefin process ( 2 ), the first gas mixture (b) and the second gas mixture (s) each containing at least hydrocarbons with one to four carbon atoms. It is proposed that from the first gas mixture (b) a first fraction (h) is formed which contains at least the great majority of the hydrocarbons with four carbon atoms previously contained in the first gas mixture (b), from the second gas mixture (s) a second fraction (y) is formed which contains at least the great majority of the hydrocarbons with four carbon atoms previously contained in the second gas mixture (s), and that the hydrocarbons contained in the second fraction (y) and previously in the second gas mixture (s) are predominantly subjected in the steam cracking process ( 1 ) to cracking conditions under which any n-butane present is reacted by less than 92%. The invention further relates to an apparatus for this purpose.

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Номер записи: 54
05-05-2022 дата публикации

Recycling a Used Absorbent Hygiene Product or its Components Using Hydrothermal Treatment

Номер: US20220134398A1
Автор: Dimitris Ioannis Collias, Rodrigo Rosati
Принадлежит: Procter and Gamble Co

Used AHP or its components is converted into low molecular weight hydrocarbons using HTT reactor. These low molecular weight hydrocarbons produce ethylene, propylene, and other chemicals when fed into a steam cracker, which can be used to produce recycled components of the AHP or a fully recycled AHP.

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Номер записи: 55
05-05-2022 дата публикации

PURIFICATION OF RECYCLED AND RENEWABLE ORGANIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20220135891A1
Автор: Aalto Pekka, HOVI Meri, JANSSON Kari, KÄLDSTRÖM Mats, LAMMINPÄÄ Kaisa, LIKANDER Salla, LINDBLAD Marina, PAASIKALLIO Ville, Pasanen Antti, PASANEN Jukka-Pekka, Toppinen Sami, TOUKONIITTY Blanka, TOURONEN Jouni
Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

A method is disclosed of purifying a recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the recycled or renewable organic material includes more than 1 ppm silicon as silicon compounds and/or more than 10 ppm phosphorous as phosphorous compounds. The method can include providing a feed of the lipid material; heat treating the organic material in presence of an adsorbent and the filtering organic material and hydrotreating the lipid material in a presence of a hydrotreating catalyst to obtain purified hydrotreated organic material having less than 20% organic material and/or less than 30% of the original phosphorous content of the organic material.

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Номер записи: 56
12-05-2022 дата публикации

THERMAL DECOMPOSITION IN CHEMICAL LOOPING COMBUSTION

Номер: US20220145192A1
Автор: DEY Rabi, Farag Hany, Simanzhenkov Vasily
Принадлежит:

A method is presented of thermal decomposition to crack ethane and/or higher alkane hydrocarbon feed or the mixture of any of these hydrocarbons to break down into component elements or simpler constituents using heat from a hot metal agent from a chemical looping combustion process. 1. A process for thermally cracking one or more C-Chydrocarbons comprising integrating a chemical looping combustion reaction with a steam cracker comprising:{'sup': −1', '−1, 'passing a moving bed of reduced inorganic particulates having a melting temperature greater than 1500° C. and a particle size from 10 to 300 microns through an oxidation reactor at a temperature from 300° C. to 1200° C. for a period of time less than 2 minutes at a gas hourly space velocity for an oxidant from 500 hrto 6000 hr, and a weight hourly space velocity from 0.5 to 60, wherein not less than 20 wt % of said reduced inorganic particulates passing through said oxidation reactor are oxidized to produce oxidized inorganic particulates;'}{'sup': −1', '−1, 'passing said oxidized inorganic particulates to and through a moving bed in a fuel reactor together with a fuel in the absence of a gaseous oxidant for a period of time of less than 2 minutes at a gas hourly space velocity for the fuel from 500 hrto 6000 hr, and a weight hourly space velocity from 0.5 to 60, to substantially burn the fuel and any surface carbon on the oxidized inorganic particulates and reduce the oxidized inorganic particulates and heat them to a temperature from 1000° C. to 1200° C. to produce heated reduced inorganic particulates;'}{'sup': −1', '−1, 'sub': '2', 'passing said heated reduced inorganic particulates as a moving bed through at least a portion of a dehydrogenation reactor, concurrently or counter-currently, optionally with steam and one or more alkanes at a temperature from 750° C. to 1200° C. for a period of time less than 2 minutes at a gas hourly space velocity for the one or more alkanes from 500 hrto 6000 hr, and a weight ...

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Номер записи: 57
26-03-2020 дата публикации

A HYBRID MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TOWARDS OLEFINS PLANT OPTIMIZATION

Номер: US20200096982A1
Автор: Iliyas Abduljelil, MITTAL Akash
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure describes systems, methods, and computer readable media that provide a hybrid approach that uses machine learning techniques and phenomenological reactor models for optimization of steam cracker units. While the phenomenological model allows capturing the physics of a steam cracker using molecular kinetics, the machine learning methods fill the gap between the phenomenological models and more detailed radical kinetics based steam cracker models. Also, machine learning based models can capture actual plant information and provide insight into the variation between the models and plant running conditions. The proposed methodology shows better interpolation and extrapolation capabilities as compared to stand-alone machine learning methods. Also, compared to detailed radical kinetics based models, the approach utilized in embodiments requires much less computational time in order to carry out whole plant-wide optimization or can be used for planning/scheduling purposes. 1. A method of producing olefins by an olefins plant , the method comprising:running a phenomenological model, with input including operating conditions for a cracking unit, to generate an output of a first olefin yield of the cracking unit, the phenomenological model based on molecular kinetics;running a free radical kinetics based model, with input including the operating conditions for the cracking unit, to generate an output of a second olefin yield of the cracking unit;determining the difference between the first olefin yield of the cracking unit and the second olefin yield of the cracking unit (E);running a machine learning model, with input including the operating conditions for the cracking unit, to generate a predicted E;adding the predicted E to the first olefin yield to obtain a corrected olefin yield;establishing new operating conditions for the cracking unit and/or the olefin plant based at least on the corrected olefin yield; andproducing the olefins by the olefin ...

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Номер записи: 58
29-04-2021 дата публикации

Compositions and Methods of Using Fine Mineral Matter as a Catalyst for Chemical Recycling

Номер: US20210122630A1
Автор: Kann Yelena
Принадлежит:

The presently disclosed embodiments relate to the utilization of coal-derived fine mineral matter in chemical recycling of plastics or of solid mixed plastic waste. The instantly disclosed mineral based catalyst benefits the processes of catalytic cracking, gasification and steam reforming to maximize carbon utilization and production of plastics of original quality from recycled or renewable feedstocks while reducing the plastic pollution in the environment. The catalyst can be based on inorganic fine mineral matter, a natural ancient mineral mixture found in coal deposits and containing a plurality of transition metals, such as iron, copper, and manganese, as well as calcium, barium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, which can act as co-catalysts. Addition of the catalyst can convert plastic to syngas at a faction of the energy of conventional technologies. 1. A method of chemical recycling , the method comprising:obtaining an amount of catalytic fine mineral matter derived from coal and/or mined from natural resources including volcanic basalt, glacial rock dust deposits, iron potassium silicate and/or sea shore deposits, the catalytic fine mineral matter having particle sizes ranging from about 2 μm to about 50 μm; andcontacting a molten polymer or its vapors with the catalytic fine mineral matter at a cracking or gasification temperature in the presence of oxygen and/or steam to form a syngas product.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the syngas product includes one or more of H claim 1 , CO claim 1 , CH claim 1 , CO claim 1 , HO claim 1 , and inert gases.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalytic fine mineral matter comprises at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Co claim 1 , or combinations thereof at the following concentrations:Fe 14,000 to 45,000 ppm;Cu 10 to 50 ppm;Mn 100 to 700 ppm;Mo 1 to 2 ppm;Zn 20 to 120 ppm; andCo 10 to 15 ppm;wherein ...

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Номер записи: 59
28-04-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR AT LEAST PARTIAL GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC FEED MATERIAL

Номер: US20160115020A1
Автор: Bauersfeld Dirk, GAUBE Gerald
Принадлежит:

A process for at least partial gasification of solid organic feed material, in which a tar-containing low-temperature carbonization gas is obtained by low-temperature carbonization from the feed material in a low-temperature gasifier and the low-temperature carbonization gas is then converted to a synthesis gas in a high-temperature gasifier by partial oxidation and subsequent partial reduction. The low-temperature carbonization gas is admixed with a second gas. A plant equipped for carrying out the process includes a low-temperature gasifier for obtaining the low-temperature carbonization gas from the feed material, a high-temperature gasifier for obtaining synthesis gas from the low-temperature carbonization gas, and means for admixing the low-temperature carbonization gas with the second gas. 1. A process for at least partial gasification of solid organic feed material , in which a tar-containing low-temperature carbonization gas is obtained by low-temperature carbonization from the feed material in a low-temperature gasifier and the low-temperature carbonization gas is then converted to a synthesis gas in a high-temperature gasifier by partial oxidation and subsequent partial reduction , characterized in that the low-temperature carbonization gas is admixed with a second gas comprising a fraction of the synthesis gas , of a gas mixture derived from the synthesis gas , or a combination thereof.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , in which the low-temperature carbonization gas is admixed with the second gas in the low-temperature gasifier or between the low-temperature gasifier and the high-temperature gasifier.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , in which the second gas is established at least on the basis of a tar content or a temperature difference of the low-temperature carbonization gas.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , in which the low-temperature carbonization gas in the low-temperature gasifier is obtained from the solid organic feed material by ...

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Номер записи: 60
09-06-2022 дата публикации

TREATING AND STEAM CRACKING A COMBINATION OF PLASTIC-DERIVED OIL AND USED LUBRICATING OILS TO PRODUCE HIGH-VALUE CHEMICALS

Номер: US20220177785A1
Автор: Galan-Sanchez Lara, Goyheneix Nicolas
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for producing one or more olefins using waste plastics and used lubricating oil are disclosed. Mixed waste plastic is processed in a pyrolysis unit to produce plastic derived oil. The plastic derived oil is subsequently blended with used lubricating oil to form a mixture. The mixture is then separated into (1) a light-end stream comprising C1 to C8 hydrocarbons and (2) a heavy hydrocarbon feed stream. The heavy hydrocarbon feed stream is then processed to produce a steam cracking feedstock stream. The light end-stream and/or the steam cracking feedstock stream are then flowed into a cracking unit to produce one or more olefins. 1. A method of producing one or more olefins , the method comprising:blending a plastic derived oil with a used lubricating oil to from a blended hydrocarbon feed;{'sub': 1', '8, 'separating the blended hydrocarbon feed to form (1) a light-end stream comprising primarily Cto Chydrocarbons and (2) a heavy hydrocarbon feed;'}flowing the light-end stream to a steam cracking unit;processing the heavy hydrocarbon feed to produce a steam cracking feedstock; andcracking (1) hydrocarbons of the steam cracking feedstock and (2) hydrocarbons of the light-end stream to produce one or more olefins.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , prior to the blending step claim 1 , pyrolizing claim 1 , in a pyrolysis unit claim 1 , plastic material to form the plastic derived oil.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the pyrolizing is carried out at a temperature in a range of 100 to 500° C.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the pyrolizing is carried out at a pressure in a range of 0.05 barg to 10 barg.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , prior to flowing the light-end stream to the steam cracking unit claim 1 , and hydroprocessing the light-end stream.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the hydroprocessing of the light-end stream is performed at a temperature in a range of 250 to 400° C.7. The method of claim 5 ...

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Номер записи: 61
17-07-2014 дата публикации

OIL UPGRADING WITHIN COMBUSTION EXHAUST

Номер: US20140197072A1
Автор: LARKIN David William
Принадлежит: ConocoPhillips Company

Methods and systems relate to upgrading hydrocarbons, such as bitumen, by contacting the bitumen with flue gas of oxy-combustion. Quenching a mixture formed of the bitumen and the flue gas controls conversion of the bitumen. Limited size and amount of equipment needed enables employing such upgrading at production fields to facilitate making the bitumen transportable by pipeline without relying on diluents. 1. A method of upgrading hydrocarbons , comprising:combusting oxygen and fuel inside a vessel to generate flue gas;introducing the hydrocarbons into the vessel and in contact with the flue gas to cause thermal cracking of the hydrocarbons;quenching a mixture of the hydrocarbons and the flue gas to control conversion of the hydrocarbons; andseparating the mixture into an aqueous stream, a gaseous stream and a products stream containing the hydrocarbons that have been upgraded.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the quenching includes introducing water into the mixture for vaporization.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the flue gas contains hydrogen and steam to limit coking and olefin formation.4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising separating the oxygen from air prior to supplying the oxygen to the vessel.5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising cooling the flue gas prior to introducing the hydrocarbons into the vessel.6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising cooling the flue gas with water prior to introducing the hydrocarbons into the vessel.7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising cooling the flue gas by passing a portion of the flue gas through a heat exchanger before being recycled and combined with a remainder of the flue gas prior to introducing the hydrocarbons into the vessel.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the vessel is located in a production field to provide the upgrading remote from a refinery.9. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising ...

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Номер записи: 62
18-04-2019 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED COKING WITH FUEL GAS PRODUCTION

Номер: US20190112537A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N., Phillips Glen E., Rajagopalan Suriyanarayanan
Принадлежит:

A Flexicoking™ unit which retains the capability of converting heavy oil feeds to lower boiling liquid hydrocarbon products while making a fuel gas from rejected coke to provide only a minimal coke yield. The heater section of the conventional three section unit (reactor, heater, gasifier) is eliminated and all or a portion of the cold coke from the reactor is passed directly to the gasifier which is modified by the installation of separators to remove coke particles from the product gas which is taken out of the gasifier for ultization. In one embodiment, a portion of cold coke is transferred directly from the reactor to the gasifier, and another portion of cold coke is combined with hot, partly gasified coke particles transferred directly from the gasifier to the reactor. The hot coke from the gasifier is passed directly to the coking zone of the reactor to supply heat to support the endothermic cracking reactions and supply seed nuclei for the formation of coke in the reactor. Coke is withdrawn from the gasifier to remove excess coke and to purge the system of metals and ash. 1. A coking process for converting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock to lower boiling products in a fluid coking process unit comprised of a fluid coking reactor and a gasifier , comprising:(i) introducing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock into the coking zone of a fluid coking reactor containing a fluidized bed of solid particles maintained at coking temperatures to produce a vapor phase product including normally liquid hydrocarbons, while coke is deposited on the solid particles forming cold coke to be transferred;(ii) transferring the cold coke by passing a first portion of the cold coke directly to the gasifier,(iii) contacting the cold coke in the gasifier with steam and an oxygen-containing gas in an oxygen limited atmosphere at an elevated temperature of about 850 to 1000° C. and at a pressure of from about 0 to 1000 kPag to heat the cold coke into hot coke and form a fuel gas product ...

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Номер записи: 63
07-05-2015 дата публикации

ROTARY DISC DEVICE IN A ROTARY FLUIDISED BED AND METHOD USING SAID DEVICE

Номер: US20150123039A1
Автор: DE BROQUEVILLE Axel
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a rotary disc device () in a rotary fluidised bed, the outer edge of said disc rotating inside, and faster than, the fluidised bed, thereby allowing: the rotation speed of the fluidised bed to be accelerated, solid particles and/or micro-droplets to be supplied to the fluidised bed or to the free central area, and different annular areas of the fluidised bed to be separated. The invention also relates to methods for transforming solid particles or micro-droplets on contact with the fluids flowing through the rotary fluidised bed or for transforming fluids on contact with solids in suspension in the rotary fluidised bed, using said device. 21516. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the square of the ratio between the surface area of the circular wall () and the sum of the surface areas of said injection openings () is greater than 200 times the ratio between the mean diameter of the circular chamber claim 1 , D claim 1 , and the mean diameter of the solid particles claim 1 , d claim 1 , multiplied by the ratio between the mean density of the fluid claim 1 , ρf claim 1 , and the mean density of the solids claim 1 , ρs.39616. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the mean distance () between said injection openings () is less than one twentieth of the mean diameter claim 1 , D claim 1 , of said circular chamber claim 1 , and in that the hourly mass flow rate of the fluids passing through the rotary fluidized bed is greater than 200 times the mass of said rotary fluidized bed when the device is in operation.4202111. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises at least one tube () for feeding solids claim 1 , optionally entrained by a fluid or in solution in a fluid () claim 1 , in the vicinity of the central axis () claim 1 , against the rotary disk ().5626111531152016061. The device according to claim 4 , characterized in that the annular space () between the outer rim () of said ...

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Номер записи: 64
25-08-2022 дата публикации

Processes and Systems for Fractionating a Pyrolysis Effluent

Номер: US20220267680A1
Автор: Arnold James R., Lawrence Selma S., Singh Vikram
Принадлежит:

The process can include transferring heat from a light product in a first heat exchange stage to produce a cooled product and a first medium pressure steam and separating a steam cracker quench oil therefrom. Heat can be transferred from the steam cracker quench oil in a second heat exchange stage to produce a first cooled quench oil and a second medium pressure steam. Heat can be transferred from at least a portion of the first cooled quench oil in a third heat exchange stage to produce a second cooled quench oil and low pressure steam. A total heat duty generated in the first heat exchange stage, the second heat exchange stage, and the third heat exchange stage can be equal to Qand a heat duty generated in the first heat exchange stage and the second heat exchange stage can be ≥0.5Qjoules/sec. 1. A process for fractionating a steam cracker effluent , comprising:contacting a steam cracker effluent with a quench oil to produce a cooled steam cracker effluent;separating a tar product and a light product from the cooled steam cracker effluent;indirectly transferring heat from the light product to a first heat transfer medium in a first heat exchange stage to produce a cooled light product and a first heated heat transfer medium;introducing the cooled light product into a primary fractionator;separating a steam cracker quench oil, a steam cracker gas oil, and an overhead product from the primary fractionator, wherein the overhead product comprises steam cracker naphtha and a process gas comprising ethylene;separating the steam cracker naphtha and the process gas from the overhead product;indirectly transferring heat from the steam cracker quench oil to a second heat transfer medium in a second heat exchange stage to produce a first cooled steam cracker quench oil and a second heated heat transfer medium;indirectly transferring heat from at least a portion of the first cooled steam cracker quench oil to a third heat transfer medium in a third heat exchange stage to ...

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Номер записи: 65
12-05-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR PREPARATION OF ONE OR MORE REACTION PRODUCTS

Номер: US20160130204A1
Автор: Bartesch Thomas, Fendt Johannes, FRITZ Helmut, Peschel Andreas
Принадлежит:

A process for preparing one or more reaction products, in which a first methane-rich feed stream is subjected to a partial oxidation process and/or an autothermal reforming process and a second methane-rich feed stream is subjected to a steam reforming process, in which a first synthesis gas-containing output stream is formed from the first methane-rich feed stream and a second synthesis gas-containing output stream is formed from the second methane-rich feed stream and these synthesis gas streams are used to form a collective synthesis gas stream and fluid from the collective synthesis gas stream is subjected to a molecular weight-increasing reaction in a synthesis feed stream to obtain a synthesis output stream comprising carbon dioxide and the reaction product(s). At least one carbon dioxide-rich first recycle stream is formed from fluid from the synthesis output stream and fluid from the first recycle stream is subjected to the steam reforming process. 1. A process for preparing one or more reaction products , in which a first methane-rich feed stream is subjected to a partial oxidation process and/or an autothermal reforming process and a second methane-rich feed stream is subjected to a steam reforming process , and in which a first synthesis gas-containing output stream is formed by means of the partial oxidation process and/or the autothermal reforming process and a second synthesis gas-containing output stream is formed by means of the steam reforming process , where synthesis gas from the first output stream and synthesis gas from the second output stream are used to form a collective synthesis gas stream and fluid from the collective synthesis gas stream is subjected to a molecular weight-increasing reaction in a synthesis feed stream to obtain a synthesis output stream comprising carbon dioxide and the reaction products , characterized in that at least one carbon dioxide-rich first recycle stream is formed from fluid from the synthesis output stream , ...

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Номер записи: 66
01-09-2022 дата публикации

Processes and Systems for Upgrading a Hydrocarbon-Containing Feed

Номер: US20220275283A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N., Keusenkothen Paul F., Raterman Michael F., Spry David B.
Принадлежит:

Processes and systems for upgrading a hydrocarbon-containing feed. The hydrocarbon containing feed and a plurality of fluidized particles can be fed into a pyrolysis reaction zone. The plurality of fluidized particles can have a first temperature that can be sufficiently high to enable pyrolysis of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed on contacting the particles. The particles can include an oxide of a transition metal element capable of oxidizing molecular hydrogen at the first temperature. The hydrocarbon-containing feed can be contacted with the particles in the pyrolysis reaction zone to effect pyrolysis of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed to produce a pyrolysis effluent. At least a portion of the transition metal element in the particles in the pyrolysis effluent can be at a reduced state compared to the transition metal element in the particles fed into the pyrolysis reaction zone. 1. A process for converting a hydrocarbon-containing feed by pyrolysis , comprising:(I) feeding the hydrocarbon-containing feed into a pyrolysis reaction zone;{'sub': '2', '(II) feeding a plurality of fluidized particles having a first temperature into the pyrolysis reaction zone, wherein the first temperature is sufficiently high to enable pyrolysis of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed on contacting the particles, and the particles comprise an oxide of a transition metal element capable of oxidizing molecular hydrogen (H) at the first temperature; and'}(III) contacting at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed with the particles in the pyrolysis reaction zone to effect pyrolysis of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed to produce a pyrolysis effluent comprising olefins, hydrogen, and the particles, wherein at least a portion of the transition metal element in the particles in the pyrolysis effluent is at a reduced state compared to the transition metal element in the particles fed into the ...

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Номер записи: 67
23-04-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR CONVERSION OF CRUDE OIL TO PETROCHEMICALS AND FUEL PRODUCTS INTEGRATING VACUUM RESIDUE HYDROPROCESSING

Номер: US20200123456A1
Автор: AL OSAIMI Naif, AL-GHAMDI Mohammed Saeed, BaHammam Bader, Barnawi Sami
Принадлежит:

Process scheme configurations are disclosed that enable conversion of crude oil feeds with several processing units in an integrated manner into petrochemicals. The designs utilize minimum capital expenditures to prepare suitable feedstocks for the steam cracker complex. The integrated process for converting crude oil to petrochemical products including olefins and aromatics, and fuel products, includes mixed feed steam cracking and gas oil steam cracking. Feeds to the mixed feed steam cracker include one or more naphtha fractions from hydroprocessing zones within the battery limits, including vacuum residue hydrocracking, within the battery limits, recycle streams from the C3 and C4 olefins recovery steps, and raffinate from a pyrolysis gasoline aromatics extraction zone within the battery limits. Feeds to the gas oil steam cracker include gas oil range intermediates from the vacuum gas oil hydroprocessing zone and the vacuum residue hydrocracking zone. 120.-. (canceled)21. An integrated system for producing petrochemicals and fuel products comprising:an atmospheric distillation unit (ADU) operable to receive and separate a feed, and discharge a first ADU fraction comprising naphtha, a second ADU fraction comprising at least a portion of middle distillates from the feed, and a third ADU fraction comprising atmospheric residue;a vacuum distillation unit (VDU) operable to receive and separate the third ADU fraction, and discharge a first VDU fraction comprising vacuum gas oil and a second VDU fraction comprising vacuum residue;a distillate hydroprocessing (DHP) zone operable to receive and convert middle distillates from the second ADU fraction into a first DHP fraction and a second DHP fraction, wherein the first DHP fraction comprises naphtha and the second DHP fraction is used for diesel fuel production;a steam cracking zone comprising a mixed feed steam cracking (MFSC) zone operable to receive and thermally crack naphtha from the first ADU fraction and a C6-C9 ...

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Номер записи: 68
19-05-2016 дата публикации

REACTOR FOR RELEASING HYDROGEN FROM A LIQUID COMPOUND

Номер: US20160136610A1
Автор: Eypasch Martin, Schwarz Aaron, Wasserscheid Peter, Zenner Michael
Принадлежит:

A reactor is configured to release hydrogen from a hydrogen-bearing, liquid compound, having a reactor vessel which comprises at least one body with metallic support structure. A solid, highly porous coating is applied on said at least one body which comprises catalytically acting substances for the release of hydrogen from the liquid, hydrogen-bearing compound, wherein the at least one body with metallic support structure is configured to be heated by one of intrinsic Joule heating or induction heating. 1. A reactor configured to release hydrogen from a hydrogen-bearing , liquid compound , having a reactor vessel which comprises at least one body with metallic support structure , wherein a solid , highly porous coating is applied on said at least one body which comprises catalytically acting substances for the release of hydrogen from the liquid , hydrogen-bearing compound , wherein the at least one body with metallic support structure is configured to be heated by one of intrinsic Joule heating or induction heating.2. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the body with metallic support structure comprises at least one cutout with a volume that stays the same or becomes larger along a cross-sectional dimension extending from bottom to top claim 1 , based on the reactor vessel.3. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reactor vessel comprises a longitudinal axis which runs perpendicularly from bottom to top.4. The reactor as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the longitudinal axis of the reactor vessel is congruent with a longitudinal axis of the cutout.5. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reactor vessel is a tube bundle of individual tubes connected in parallel claim 1 ,wherein the individual tubes of said bundle are held at a distance from each other, each comprising at least one body having a cutout,wherein a flow of the hydrogen-bearing compound occurs around each body in a respective tube, with a process of heat exchange between the tube ...

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Номер записи: 69
08-09-2022 дата публикации

CRACKING C8+ FRACTION OF PYOIL

Номер: US20220282163A1
Автор: Bitting Daryl, JR. Jerome Leonard, Parker Kenny Randolph, Polasek Michael Gary, Slivensky David Eugene, Stavinoha, Wu Xianchun
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

A hydrocarbon cracker stream is combined with recycle content pyrolysis oil to form a combined cracker stream and the combined cracker stream is cracked in a cracker furnace to provide an olefin-containing effluent. The r-pyoil can be fed to the cracker feed. Alternatively, the r-pyoil with a predominantly c8+ fraction can be fed to the cracker feed. The furnace can be a gas fed furnace, or split cracker furnace. 1. A cracker feedstock composition comprising:(a) a non-recycle cracker feed; and(b) a recycle content pyrolysis oil composition (r-pyoil),{'sub': '8', 'wherein the r-pyoil comprises at least 35 weight percent of C+ components and no more than 30 weight percent of total aromatics, based on the total weight of the r-pyoil.'}2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-recycle cracker feed comprises at least 50 weight percent of Cto Chydrocarbons claim 1 , based on the total weight of the feed.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-recycle cracker feed comprises ethane claim 1 , propane claim 1 , natural gasoline claim 1 , or combinations thereof.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the r-pyoil is obtained from pyrolysis of waste plastic.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the waste plastic comprises high-density polyethylene or copolymers thereof claim 4 , low-density polyethylene or copolymers thereof claim 4 , polypropylene or copolymers thereof claim 4 , other polyolefin claim 4 , polystyrene claim 4 , polyvinyl chloride (PVC) claim 4 , polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) claim 4 , polyester or copolyester claim 4 , polyamide claim 4 , poly(methyl methacrylate) claim 4 , polytetrafluoroethylene claim 4 , acrylo-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer claim 4 , polyurethane claim 4 , cellulosic or derivatives thereof claim 4 , epoxy claim 4 , polyamide claim 4 , phenolic resin claim 4 , polyacetal claim 4 , polycarbonate claim 4 , polyphenylene-based alloy claim 4 , vinyl-based polymer claim 4 , styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer claim 4 , ...

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Номер записи: 70
26-05-2016 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING REACTIVE GASSES INTO A REACTION CHAMBER

Номер: US20160145099A1
Автор: Tautz Hanno
Принадлежит:

A method and a device for the separate introduction of a fuel gas and also of an oxidizing agent into the reaction chamber of a tubular reactor, in order there to be mixed and reacted with the release of heat. Not only the fuel gas but also the oxidizing agent are introduced into the reaction chamber in each case in more than three gas jets, wherein the margin between a fuel gas jet and an oxidizing agent jet as adjacent as possible thereto, on entry into the reaction chamber, is between 2 and 500 mm, preferably between 5 and 50 mm. 12500. A method for the separate introduction of a fuel gas and an oxidizing agent into the reaction chamber of a tubular reactor , in order there to be mixed and reacted with the release of heat , characterized in that the fuel gas and also the oxidizing agent are introduced into the reaction chamber in more than three gas jets , wherein the spacing between a fuel gas jet and an oxidizing agent jet as adjacent as possible thereto , on entry into the reaction chamber , is between and mm.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the oxidizing agent jets are introduced into the reaction chamber in parallel to one another.3. The method according to claim 2 , characterized in that at least one fuel gas jet is assigned to an oxidizing agent jet in such a manner that the axes of the two gas jets enclose an angle which is between 5° and 75°.4. The method according to claim 3 , characterized in that at least two fuel gas jets are assigned to an oxidizing agent jet in such a manner that they drive a turbulent flow around the axis of the oxidizing agent jet.5. method according to claim 1 , characterized in that fuel gas and oxidizing agent are introduced into the reaction chamber at minimum velocities which are greater in each case by the factor 1/F than the mean flow velocity of the product gas formed in the reaction of the two gasses in the reaction chamber of the tubular reactor claim 1 , wherein F is dependent on the pressure ...

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Номер записи: 71
10-06-2021 дата публикации

Heat Integration in a Hydrocarbon Processing Facility

Номер: US20210171836A1
Автор: Purola Veli Matti
Принадлежит:

A process is provided for improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a hydrocarbon processing and/or production facility, through rearrangement of thermal energy distribution within said facility, said facility comprising a cracker unit with at least one apparatus for cracking a hydrocarbon containing feed, in presence of a dilution medium, wherein a cracked gaseous effluent exiting the apparatus is instantly cooled in a transfer line exchanger (TLE) while generating high-pressure steam, in which process any one of the: heating and/or vaporizing the hydrocarbon containing feed and/or the dilution medium, heating and/or vaporizing boiler feed water, and superheating high pressure steam generated in the TLE unit, is conducted in a heat recovery unit (HRU) arranged downstream the TLE, and which process comprises supplying electrical power into the hydrocarbon processing and/or production facility. 1. A process for improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a hydrocarbon processing and/or production facility , through rearrangement of thermal energy distribution within said facility ,said facility comprising a cracker unit with at least one apparatus for cracking a hydrocarbon containing feed, in presence of a dilution medium, wherein a cracked gaseous effluent exiting the apparatus is cooled in a transfer line exchanger (TLE) while generating high-pressure steam,wherein, in said process, any one of the: heating and/or vaporizing the hydrocarbon containing feed and/or the dilution medium, heating and/or vaporizing boiler feed water, and superheating high pressure steam generated in the TLE unit, is conducted in a heat recovery unit (HRU) arranged downstream the TLE unit, andwherein, the process comprises supplying electrical power into the hydrocarbon processing and/or production facility.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein electrical power is supplied to a drive engine of the cracking apparatus.3. The process of claim ...

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Номер записи: 72
15-09-2022 дата публикации

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ISONONANOL AND STABLE / LUBRICATING GASOLINE AND DIESEL BLENDING COMPONENTS

Номер: US20220290058A1
Автор: KOSEOGLU Omer Refa, Shaikh Sohel, Zhang Zhonglin
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for producing epoxide gasoline blending components includes cracking, in a steam cracker, a hydrocarbon feed to form a first ethylene stream, a first propylene stream, and a Cstream comprising isobutene and butadiene; reacting, in a methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) unit, the Cstream with a methanol stream to form MTBE and a butadiene-rich Cstream; selectively hydrogenating, in a butadiene unit, the butadiene-rich Cstream to form a butene-rich Cstream including butene-1, cis-butene-2, and trans-butene-2; producing, in an isononanol unit, isononanol and an olefin-rich stream from the butene-rich Cstream; and oxidizing the olefin-rich stream in an oxidation unit by combining the olefin-rich stream with an oxidant stream and a catalyst composition to produce the epoxide gasoline blending components. 1. A method for producing epoxide gasoline blending components , the method comprising:{'sub': '4', 'cracking, in a steam cracker, a hydrocarbon feed to form a first ethylene stream, a first propylene stream, and a Cstream comprising isobutene and butadiene;'}{'sub': 4', '4, 'reacting, in a methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) unit, the Cstream with a methanol stream to form MTBE and a butadiene-rich Cstream;'}{'sub': 4', '4, 'selectively hydrogenating, in a butadiene unit, the butadiene-rich Cstream to form a butene-rich Cstream including butene-1, cis-butene-2, and trans-butene-2;'}{'sub': '4', 'producing, in an isononanol unit, isononanol and an olefin-rich stream from the butene-rich Cstream; and'}oxidizing the olefin-rich stream in an oxidation unit by combining the olefin-rich stream with an oxidant stream and a catalyst composition to produce the epoxide gasoline blending components.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the epoxide gasoline blending components comprise C-epoxides claim 1 , C-epoxides claim 1 , and C-epoxides.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant stream comprises one ...

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Номер записи: 73
11-06-2015 дата публикации

Integrated process for the preparation of olefins

Номер: US20150158783A1
Автор: Rajaram Ramesh
Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

The present invention provides an integrated process for the preparation of olefins, which process comprises the steps of: (a) reacting an oxygenate and/or olefinic feed in a reactor to form an effluent which comprises olefins; (b) fractionating at least part of the effluent into two olefinic product fractions; (c) subjecting a hydrocarbon feedstock in a reactor to a steam cracking process to form an effluent which comprises olefins including butadiene; (d) combining at least part of the first olefinic product fraction as obtained in step (b) and at least part of the second effluent which comprises olefins as obtained in step (c) to form a combined olefinic product stream comprising at least ethylene, propylene and butadiene; and (e) separating at least part of the combined olefinic product stream as obtained in step (d) to form a fraction comprising ethylene and/or propylene and a fraction that comprises butadiene.

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Номер записи: 74
22-09-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20220298425A1
Автор: OJala Antti, RÄMÖ Virpi, VAPOLA Risto
Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

A blend for producing a mixture of hydrocarbons by thermal cracking, the blend comprising a renewable paraffin composition and fossil naphtha. 1. A blend for producing a mixture of hydrocarbons by thermal cracking , the blend comprising:a renewable paraffin composition and fossil naphtha,wherein the renewable paraffin composition contains more than 70 wt-% isoparaffins, the isoparaffins contain more than 20 wt-% multiple branched isoparaffins.2. The blend according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a wt-% amount multiple branched isoparaffins of the renewable paraffin composition to combined wt-% amounts of n-paraffins and monobranched isoparaffins of the renewable paraffin composition is at least 0.30.3. The blend according to claim 1 , wherein the blend comprises:at least 1 wt-% and at most 99 wt-% fossil naphtha.4. The blend according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the wt-% amount isoparaffins of the renewable paraffin composition to the wt-% amount of n-paraffins of the renewable paraffin composition is at least 4.0.5. The blend according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the wt-% amount isoparaffins of the renewable paraffin composition to the wt-% amount of n-paraffins of the renewable paraffin composition is at least 2.5.6. The blend according to claim 3 , wherein the isoparaffin content of the renewable paraffin composition is in a range from 73 wt-% to 95 wt-%.7. The blend according to claim 3 , wherein the total amount of isoparaffins in the renewable paraffin composition being more than 70 wt-% and the total amount of paraffins in the renewable paraffin composition being at least 90 wt-%.8. The blend according to claim 1 , wherein the renewable paraffin composition contains at least 75 wt-% isoparaffins.9. The blend according to claim 1 , wherein the renewable paraffin composition contains at least 80 wt-% isoparaffins.10. The blend according to claim 1 , wherein the renewable paraffin composition contains at least 25 wt-% multiple branched isoparaffins. ...

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Номер записи: 75
22-09-2022 дата публикации

SEPARATION OF VISCOUS OILS INTO COMPONENTS

Номер: US20220298427A1
Автор: Gates Ian Donald, Wang Jingyi
Принадлежит:

The invention provides methods for treating a source oil phase consisting of heavy oil, bitumen, a mixture of heavy oil and bitumen, a mixture of solvent and heavy oil or bitumen or both. The method comprises: introducing the source oil phase to a lower reservoir section of a device, flowing the source oil phase through an array of vertically extending heated pipes with an inert gas so as to thermally separate a vaporized light oil phase component from a heated liquid source oil phase, and segregating fluid flows by density in an upper fluid separating manifold to provide a light product fluid and a heavy product fluid. 1. A method of treating a source oil phase comprising a heavy oil , a bitumen , a mixture of heavy oil and bitumen , a mixture of solvent and heavy oil or bitumen or both , the method comprising:introducing the source oil phase to a lower reservoir section within a housing defining a device, the lower reservoir section of the device being in fluid communication with an array of vertically extending pipes above the reservoir section, the array of pipes extending vertically to fluidly connect the lower reservoir section of the device with an upper fluid separating manifold;flowing the source oil phase through the reservoir section into the array of pipes while heating the pipes, to provide heated pipes, wherein the heated pipes are sized to provide a selected residence time of flowing source oil within the pipes;heating the source oil phase within the heated pipes so as to thermally separate a vaporized light oil phase component from a heated liquid source oil phase within the heated pipes, to provide a vaporized light oil phase;introducing an inert gas into the lower reservoir section of the device so as to direct the inert gas into the heated pipes in a concurrent fluid flow with the heated liquid source oil phase and thereby admix the flowing inert gas in the heated pipes with the vaporized light oil phase therein, motivating the flow of heated ...

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Номер записи: 76
14-05-2020 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED COKING WITH OXYGEN-CONTAINING STRIPPING GAS

Номер: US20200148960A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N.
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for using an oxygen-containing gas as at least part of the stripping gas for the stripping zone or section in a fluidized coker. By using an oxygen-containing gas as the stripping gas, heat can be added to the stripping zone selectively based on combustion of coke and/or hydrocarbons with the oxygen in the stripping gas. This can allow the temperature of the stripping zone to be increased relative to the temperature of the coking zone of a fluidized coking system. The flow of oxygen can be controlled to achieve a desirable temperature in the stripper while the reactor temperature is independently set by preheating of the feed and/or hot coke circulation to the reaction zone. 1. A method for performing fluidized coking , comprising:exposing a feedstock comprising a T10 distillation point of 343° C. or more to a first portion of a fluidized bed comprising solid particles in a coking zone of a reactor under thermal cracking conditions to form a 343° C. liquid product, the thermal cracking conditions being effective for depositing coke on the solid particles;introducing an oxygen-containing stream into a stripping zone of the reactor, the stripping zone comprising a second portion of the fluidized bed, under stripping conditions to oxidize at least a first portion of the deposited coke, a stripping temperature of the stripping conditions being greater than a cracking temperature of the thermal cracking conditions;passing at least a portion of the solid particles comprising deposited coke from the reactor to at least one of a gasifier and a burner;{'sub': '2', 'exposing the at least a portion of the solid particles comprising deposited coke to oxidation conditions in the at least one of a gasifier and a burner to form partially oxidized solid particles and a gas phase product comprising CO and CO;'}removing at least a first portion of the partially oxidized solid particles from the at least one of a gasifier and a burner; andpassing at ...

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Номер записи: 77
24-06-2021 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20210189256A1
Автор: OJala Antti, RÄMÖ Virpi, VAPOLA Risto
Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

A method for producing a mixture hydrocarbons; a blend for producing a mixture of hydrocarbons; a mixture of hydrocarbons; and use of the mixture of hydrocarbons for producing chemicals and/or polymers. 1. A method for producing a mixture of hydrocarbons , the method comprising:(a) providing a renewable paraffin composition containing at least 75 wt-% isoparaffins;(b) combining fossil naphtha with the renewable paraffin composition to form a blend; and(c) thermally cracking the blend to produce a mixture of hydrocarbons.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the renewable paraffin composition contains at least 80 wt % isoparaffins.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the renewable paraffin composition contains at least 25 wt-% multiple branched isoparaffins.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the renewable paraffin composition contains at least 90 wt-% paraffins.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein fossil naphtha is combined with the renewable paraffin composition such that the blend contains at least 1 wt % fossil naphtha claim 1 , a sum of wt-% amounts of the renewable paraffin composition and of the fossil naphtha in the blend being selected to contain at least 90 wt-% claim 1 , of a total weight of the blend.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein fossil naphtha is combined with the renewable paraffin composition such that the blend contains at most 99 wt-% claim 1 , fossil naphtha.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the renewable paraffin composition and the fossil naphtha form one liquid phase above a pour point of the blend.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermally cracking is steam cracking.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein providing a renewable paraffin composition comprises:(i) preparing a hydrocarbon raw material from a renewable feedstock; and(ii) subjecting at least straight chain hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon raw material to an isomerization treatment to prepare the renewable ...

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Номер записи: 78
30-05-2019 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon Pyrolysis

Номер: US20190161421A1
Автор: Barrai Federico, Bhandari Dhaval A., Coleman John S., Hershkowitz Frank, Lattner James R.
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to equipment and materials useful for hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to processes for carrying out hydrocarbon pyrolysis, and to the use of hydrocarbon pyrolysis for. e.g., natural gas upgrading. The pyrolysis can be carried out in a reverse-flow reactor. 1. A hydrocarbon pyrolysis process , the process comprising:{'sub': '2+', '(a) providing a feed comprising ≥1 wt. % of C hydrocarbon;'}{'sub': 'R', '(b) providing an elongated flow-through reactor having (i) an internal volume which includes first and second regions and (ii) opposed first and second openings in fluidic communication with the internal volume, wherein the first and second openings are separated by a reactor length (L);'}{'sub': M', 'M', 'R, '(c) providing at least one heated thermal mass located in the first region, wherein (i) the thermal mass includes first and second apertures and at least one internal channel, (ii) the first and second apertures are in fluidic communication with the channel, and are separated by a flow-path of length Lthrough the channel, (iii) Lis ≥0.1*L, and (iv) the first opening is proximate to the first aperture;'}(d) establishing a flow of the feed in the channel toward the second aperture by introducing the feed through the first opening and through the first aperture;{'sub': '2+', 'claim-text': [{'sub': 1', '2', '2, '(i) a first bulk gas temperature profile at the start of the pyrolysis which increases from a first temperature (T) proximate to the first aperture to a second temperature (T) proximate to the second aperture, Tbeing in the range of from 800° C. to 1400° C.; and'}, {'sub': p', 'p', '2', 'p, '(ii) a peak gas temperature (T) within the internal volume, Tbeing located within the second region, wherein during the pyrolysis (A) the peak gas temperature decreases from a temperature that is >Tat the start of the pyrolysis and (B) the location of Tremains substantially constant; and'}], "(e) pyrolysing the feed flow's C ...

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Номер записи: 79
29-09-2022 дата публикации

Desalter Configuration Integrated with Steam Cracker

Номер: US20220306949A1
Автор: Asit K. Mondal, Chee-Kong Leong, John E. Asplin, Magaly C. BARROETA, Mark A. Nierode
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

The present disclosure provides for processes for producing light hydrocarbons. In an embodiment, a process includes pressurizing the hydrocarbon feed in one or more pumps producing a pressurized hydrocarbon feed and heating the pressurized hydrocarbon feed in one or more heat exchangers to produce a heated hydrocarbon feed. The process includes mixing the heated hydrocarbon feed with water and separating an inter-stage hydrocarbon feed from interstage water. The process includes mixing the inter-stage hydrocarbon feed with water and separating a desalted hydrocarbon feed from outlet water. The process includes pyrolysing the desalted hydrocarbon feed in a steam cracker.

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Номер записи: 80
11-09-2014 дата публикации

FLUID BED COKING PROCESS WITH DECOUPLED COKING ZONE AND STRIPPING ZONE

Номер: US20140251783A1
Автор: Bernatz Fritz A., Du Bing, HEALY Timothy M., Huang Yi En, Martin Zachary R., Raich Brenda A.
Принадлежит: EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY

A fluid coking unit for converting a heavy oil feed to lower boiling products by thermal has a centrally-apertured annular baffle at the top of the stripping zone below the coking zone to inhibit recirculation of solid particles from the stripping zone to the coking zone. By inhibiting recirculation of the particles from the stripping zone to the coking zone, the temperatures of the two zones are effectively decoupled, enabling the coking zone to be run at a lower temperature than the stripping zone to increase the yield of liquid products.

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Номер записи: 81
30-05-2019 дата публикации

FLUID COKING USING HIGH THRUST FEED NOZZLES

Номер: US20190161684A1
Автор: KNAPPER Brian, McKNIGHT CRAIG, MCMILLAN Jennifer, WIENS JASON, Wormsbecker Michael
Принадлежит:

A process for converting a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to liquid products is provided comprising introducing the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock into a fluid coker comprised in part of a fluidized bed of heated coke particles, the fluidized bed having a high velocity core region of heated coke particles and a low velocity annular region of unreacted hydrocarbon and coke particles using a plurality of high thrust nozzles and reacting the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock with the heated coke particles in the fluid coker to produce the liquid products. 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , whereby the high thrust nozzles have a spray angle of about 3°-160° and a nozzle diameter between about 0.2″ and 0.8″.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the high thrust nozzle comprises a diverging section at the tip of the nozzle.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the high thrust nozzle comprises a converging section followed by a diverging section at the tip of the nozzle. This invention relates to a fluid coking process for converting a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to liquid products which uses high thrust feed nozzles for injecting feedstock into the circulating fluidized bed of heated coke particles.Fluidized bed coking (fluid coking) is a petroleum refining process in which heavy petroleum feeds, typically the non-distillable residue (resid) from fractionation or heavy oils are converted to lighter, more useful products by thermal decomposition (coking) at elevated reaction temperatures, typically about 480 to 590° C., (about 900 to 1100° F.) and in most cases from 500 to 550° C. (about 930 to 1020° F.). Heavy oils that may be processed by the fluid coking process include heavy atmospheric resids, vacuum resids, aromatic extracts, asphalts, and bitumen from oil sands.The process is carried out in a unit with a large reactor vessel containing hot coke particles that are maintained in the fluidized condition at the required reaction temperature with a ...

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Номер записи: 82
11-09-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OBTAINING HYDROGEN BY CATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION OF FORMIC ACID

Номер: US20140255296A1
Автор: Beller Matthias, Boddien Albert, Gärtner Felix, Jackstell Ralf, Junge Heinrik, Mellmann Doerthe
Принадлежит: BAYER TECHNOLOGY SERVICES GMBH

The invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen by selective dehydration of formic acid using a catalytic system consisting of a transition metal complex of transition metal salt and at least one tripodal, tetradentate ligand, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group comprising Ir, Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, Co and Fe. The transition metal complex can be used either as a homogeneous catalyst or a heterogenised metal complex, which has been applied to a carrier.

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Номер записи: 83
01-07-2021 дата публикации

Hydrodynamic Cavitation Process to Protect Catalytic Processes Used to Deoxygenate Complex Mixtures of Natural Occurring Fats & Oils Into Oxygen-Free Hydrocarbons

Номер: US20210198584A1
Автор: Adam Cindy, Vermeiren Walter
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to the production of high value bio-chemicals, in particular bio-paraffins, bio-LPG, bio-naphtha, bio-jet and bio-distillates in an integrated bio-refinery from complex mixtures of natural occurring fats & oils. 112.-. (canceled)13. A process for the production of high value bio-chemicals comprising paraffins , LPG , jet fuel , diesel and naphtha , from natural occurring oil(s) containing acyl-containing compounds having 10 to 24 carbons including fatty acid esters and free fatty acids , and other components including impurities , comprising the steps of:(a) refining the natural occurring oil(s) to remove at least a part of the impurities and to obtain a refined oil,(b) optionally pre-treating the refined oil to further remove impurities and to obtain a pre-treated oil, a hydrodynamic cavitation processing of the natural occurring oil(s) in presence of water under conditions efficient to generate cavitation features and to transfer at least a part of impurities contained in the natural occurring oil(s) into an aqueous phase, and', 'separating the aqueous phase from an oil phase and recovering the oil phase as a refined oil., '(c) hydroprocessing the refined oil or the pre-treated oil in presence of dihydrogen and of at least one catalyst to transform fatty acid esters and free fatty acids contained in said refined oil or pre-treated oil into linear or substantially linear paraffins, where the hydroprocessing is chosen among hydrodeoxygenation, decarboxylation and decarbonylation, characterized in that the refining step (a) includes'}14. The process according to wherein the natural occurring oil(s) contain(s) one or several oils chosen among vegetable oil claim 13 , animal fat claim 13 , waste oils claim 13 , by-products of the refining of vegetable oil(s) or of animal oil(s) containing free fatty acids claim 13 , tall oils claim 13 , and oil produced by bacteria claim 13 , yeast claim 13 , algae claim 13 , prokaryotes or eukaryotes.15. ...

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Номер записи: 84
01-07-2021 дата публикации

Plasma-assisted method and system for treating raw syngas comprising tars

Номер: US20210198588A1
Автор: Andreas Tsangaris, Graeme Hay, Islam GOMAA, Marc Bacon
Принадлежит: Omni Conversion Technologies Inc

This disclosure provides a system and method for conversion of raw syngas and tars into refined syngas, while optionally minimizing the parasitic losses of the process and maximizing the usable energy density of the product syngas. The system includes a reactor including a refining chamber for refining syngas comprising one or more inlets configured to promote at least two flow zones: a central zone where syngas and air/process additives flow in a swirling pattern for mixing and combustion in the high temperature central zone; at least one peripheral zone within the reactor which forms a boundary layer of a buffering flow along the reactor walls, (b) plasma torches that inject plasma into the central zone, and (c) air injection patterns that create a recirculation zone to promotes mixing between the high temperature products at the core reaction zone of the vessel and the buffering layer, wherein in the central zone, syngas and air/process additives mixture are ignited in close proximity to the plasma arc, coming into contact with each other, concurrently, at the entrance to the reaction chamber and method of using the system.

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Номер записи: 85
23-06-2016 дата публикации

Methods and Systems for Treating a Hydrocarbon Feed

Номер: US20160177205A1
Автор: Christopher M. Evans, Jeevan S. Abichandani
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

The invention relates to methods and systems for treating heavy hydrocarbon by cavitation and hydroprocessing. The invention also relates to systems and methods for such treating, to equipment useful for such treating, and to cavitated, hydroprocessed products.

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Номер записи: 86
22-06-2017 дата публикации

Integrated system for bitumen partial upgrading

Номер: US20170175004A1
Автор: Gregory J. Panuccio, Vasilis Papavassiliou
Принадлежит: Praxair Technology Inc

The present invention relates to decreasing the amount of diluent needed to convert a heavy oil to a bitumen product that can be transported by pipeline. More specifically, the invention relates to a method and apparatus for partially upgrading heavy oil into a lower viscosity bitumen product.

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Номер записи: 87
02-07-2015 дата публикации

WASTE TREATMENT GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20150184090A1
Автор: Ni How Jie
Принадлежит:

The present specification discloses operation of a waste treatment system for treating a feed by bringing the feed into contact with a molten metal in a first vessel. A jet of air is ejected from a lance into the molten metal to react with the molten metal to form a layer of molten slag-oxide. The feed is selected from coal, coal-liquid slurry, biomass, waste-derived material, crude oil, tar sands, shale-derived material, or a combination thereof. The molten metal bath material comprises carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, sulfur, phosphorus, aluminum and titanium. Exhaust gases evolving from the molten metal and molten slag-oxide layer are directed to a second vessel to treat the exhaust gases to a pre-determined proximate gas molar composition. 1. A method for operating a waste treatment system for treating a feed by bringing the industrial feed into contact with a molten metal in a first vessel , wherein the first vessel contains a volume of the molten metal , comprising the steps of:(a) ejecting at least one jet of air from a lance positioned above the molten metal into the molten metal to react with the molten metal to form a layer of molten slag-oxide;(b) continuing to eject at least one jet of air from the lance and thereby causing at least one jet of air to pass through from the molten slag-oxide layer into the molten metal;(c) pumping the feed from a tubular conduit positioned above the molten slag-oxide layer to cause contact between the feed and the molten slag-oxide layer, wherein the feed is selected from coal, coal-liquid slurry, biomass, waste-derived material, crude oil, tar sands, shale-derived material, or a combination thereof,wherein the molten metal bath material has the following composition:Carbon in the range of 3.3 to 3.97 mass weight percent,Silicon in the range of 1.5 to 1.95 mass weight percent,Manganese in the range of 0.30 to 0.35 mass weight percent,Chromium in the range of 0.05 to 0.1 mass weight percent,Sulfur in the range of 0.005 ...

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Номер записи: 88
13-06-2019 дата публикации

MAXIMIZING HIGH-VALUE CHEMICALS FROM MIXED PLASTIC USING DIFFERENT STEAM-CRACKER CONFIGURATIONS

Номер: US20190177626A1
Автор: Galan-Sanchez Lara, Goyheneix Nicolas, Narayanaswamy Ravichander, Ramamurthy Krishna Kumar
Принадлежит:

A process for producing olefins and aromatics comprising converting plastics to a hydrocarbon product comprising a gas phase and a liquid phase in a pyrolysis unit; separating the hydrocarbon product into a hydrocarbon gas stream comprising the gas phase and a hydrocarbon liquid stream comprising the liquid phase; feeding the hydrocarbon gas stream to a gas steam cracker to produce a gas steam cracker product comprising olefins, wherein an olefins amount in the gas steam cracker product is greater than in the hydrocarbon gas stream; separating the hydrocarbon liquid stream into a first fraction (b.p.<300° C.) and a second fraction (b.p>300° C.); feeding the first fraction to a liquid steam cracker to produce a liquid steam cracker product comprising olefins and aromatics, wherein an olefins amount in the liquid steam cracker product is greater than in the first fraction; and recycling the second fraction to the pyrolysis unit. 1. A process for producing olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons from mixed plastics , the process comprising the steps of:(a) converting mixed plastics to a hydrocarbon product in a pyrolysis unit, wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises a gas phase and a liquid phase;(b) separating at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product into a hydrocarbon gas stream and a hydrocarbon liquid stream, wherein the hydrocarbon gas stream comprises at least a portion of the gas phase of the hydrocarbon product, and wherein the hydrocarbon liquid stream comprises at least a portion of the liquid phase of the hydrocarbon product;(c) feeding at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas stream to a gas steam cracker to produce a gas steam cracker product stream, wherein the gas steam cracker product stream comprises olefins, and wherein an amount of olefins in the gas steam cracker product stream is greater than an amount of olefins in the hydrocarbon gas stream;(d) separating at least a portion of the hydrocarbon liquid stream into a first fraction of the ...

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Номер записи: 89
04-06-2020 дата публикации

CRACKING FURNACE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CRACKING HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK THEREIN

Номер: US20200172814A1
Автор: Oud Peter
Принадлежит: TECHNIP FRANCE

Cracking furnace system for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock into cracked gas comprising a convection section, a radiant section and a cooling section, wherein the convection section includes a plurality of convection banks configured to receive and preheat hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein the radiant section includes a firebox comprising at least one radiant coil configured to heat up the feedstock to a temperature allowing a pyrolysis reaction, wherein the cooling section includes at least one transfer line exchanger. 1. Cracking furnace system for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock into cracked gas comprising a convection section , a radiant section and a cooling section , wherein the convection section includes a plurality of convection banks configured to receive and preheat hydrocarbon feedstock ,wherein the radiant section includes a firebox comprising at least one radiant coil configured to heat up the feedstock to a temperature allowing a pyrolysis reaction,wherein the cooling section includes at least one transfer line exchanger,wherein the system is configured such that the feedstock is preheated by the transfer line exchanger before entry into the radiant section.2. Cracking furnace system according to claim 1 , wherein the convection section comprises a boiler coil configured to generate saturated steam claim 1 , wherein said boiler coil is preferably located in a bottom part of the convection section.3. Cracking furnace system according to claim 1 , wherein the convection section is also configured for mixing said hydrocarbon feedstock with a diluent claim 1 , preferably dilution steam claim 1 , providing a feedstock-diluent mixture claim 1 , wherein the transfer line exchanger is configured to preheat the feedstock-diluent mixture before entry into the radiant section.4. Cracking furnace system according to claim 1 , further comprising a secondary transfer line exchanger claim 1 , wherein the secondary transfer line exchanger is configured to generate ...

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Номер записи: 90
04-06-2020 дата публикации

Burner, Furnace, and Steam Cracking Processes Using the Same

Номер: US20200172815A1
Автор: Spicer David B., Stephens George
Принадлежит:

A burner sub-system, a furnace comprising the same, a fuel combustion process and steam cracking process carried out in the furnace. The burner sub-system comprises a barrier wall segment between the burner tip and the flue-gas recirculation (“FGR”) duct, effectively blocking direct gas flow between the burner tip and the FGR duct opening, but without encircling the whole burner tip. The presence of the partial barrier wall has the advantage of preventing the temperature inside the FGR duct from becoming too high, while achieving low NOx emissions from the combustion process without overheating the burner tip because of reduced amount of heat reflection to the burner tip compared to an annular barrier wall. The invention is particularly useful in furnaces where hydrogen-rich fuel gas is combusted. 110-. (canceled)111. A furnace comprising at least one burner sub-system according to claim , further comprising:a furnace floor comprising the furnace floor segment of each of the at least one burner sub-system; andone or more furnace side walls;wherein the furnace floor and the one or more furnace side walls form a furnace fire box.12. The furnace of claim 11 , wherein the distance from the vertical centerline of any burner tip to any side wall is at least 30 centimeters.13. The furnace of claim 11 , which comprises multiple burner sub-systems and is free of any partitioning wall between adjacent burner sub-systems.14. The furnace of claim 11 , wherein the fire box has a height of at least 10.5 meters.15. The furnace of claim 11 , wherein the fire box has a height of at least 15.0 meters.16. The furnace of claim 11 , further comprising multiple side wall burners configured to produce at least one side wall burner flame from at least one of the furnace side walls.17. The furnace of claim 11 , which is free of a side wall burner configured to produce a side wall burner flame from any of the furnace side wall.18. The furnace of claim 11 , comprising at least three burner ...

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Номер записи: 91
05-07-2018 дата публикации

INTEGRATED SOLVENT DEASPHALTING, HYDROTREATING AND STEAM PYROLYSIS SYSTEM FOR DIRECT PROCESSING OF A CRUDE OIL

Номер: US20180187099A1
Автор: ABBA Ibrahim A., AKHRAS Abdul Rahman Zafer, BOURANE Abdennour, SAYED Essam, SHAFI Raheel
Принадлежит:

A system is provided integrating a steam pyrolysis zone integrated with a solvent deasphalting zone and a hydrotreating zone to permit direct processing of crude oil feedstocks to produce petrochemicals including olefins and aromatics. 1. An integrated solvent deasphalting , hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis system for the direct processing of a crude oil to produce olefinic and aromatic petrochemicals , the system comprising:a solvent deasphalting zone having a deasphalted and demetalized oil stream outlet and a bottom asphalt outlet;a catalytic hydroproces sing zone in fluid communication with the deasphalted and demetalized oil stream outlet of the solvent deasphalting zone, the catalytic hydroprocessing zone having inlet for receiving a mixture of the deasphalted and demetalized oil stream and hydrogen recycled from a steam pyrolysis product stream effluent, and make-up hydrogen as necessary, and an outlet for discharging a hydroprocessed effluent, the catalytic hydroprocessing zone including a reactor operating under conditions effective to produce a hydroprocessed effluent; a thermal cracking convection section with an inlet in fluid communication with the hydroprocessing zone outlet, and an outlet, and', 'a thermal cracking pyrolysis section having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the convection section and the light fraction outlet, and a pyrolysis section outlet;, 'a thermal cracking zone including'}a quenching zone in fluid communication with the pyrolysis section outlet, the quenching zone having an outlet for discharging an intermediate quenched mixed product stream and an outlet for discharging quenching solution;a product separation zone in fluid communication with the quenching zone outlet, and the product separation zone having a hydrogen outlet, one or more olefin product outlets and one or more pyrolysis fuel oil outlets; anda hydrogen purification zone in fluid communication with the product separation zone hydrogen outlet, the ...

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Номер записи: 92
20-06-2019 дата публикации

N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE AS WASH-OIL FOR DILUTION STEAM SYSTEMS

Номер: US20190185769A1
Автор: CUOQ Fabrice, GEIJSELAERS Carlo, HELSEN Sasja
Принадлежит:

A method of removing material that fouls processing equipment that includes applying a composition comprising N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) to fouling material deposited on the processing equipment to solubilize and remove the fouling material from the processing equipment. 1. A method of removing material that fouls processing equipment , the method comprising applying a composition comprising N ,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) to fouling material deposited on the processing equipment to solubilize and remove the fouling material from the processing equipment.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the processing equipment is used in production of ethylene.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fouling material comprises polystyrene or other aromatic fouling material.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the processing equipment comprises a dilution steam system used in production of ethylene.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the processing equipment is a quench water tower claim 4 , a quench water settler claim 4 , a quench water loop claim 4 , a process water stripper claim 4 , a heat exchanger claim 4 , or a pump.6. The method of claim 4 , further comprising continuously or intermittently dosing the composition to a feed of the dilution steam system before applying the composition to the fouling material.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is applied by flushing the processing equipment with the composition claim 1 , spraying the processing equipment with the composition claim 1 , brushing the processing equipment with the composition claim 1 , or adding the composition to a dilution steam generator feed.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the applying of the composition comprises spraying the composition on the fouling material.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is applied to the processing equipment intermittently.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein intermittent application comprises substantially the same period of time between applications ...

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Номер записи: 93
11-06-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF DISULFIDE OIL TO PRODUCE HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE (SYNGAS)

Номер: US20200180953A1
Автор: KOSEOGLU Omer Refa
Принадлежит:

A disulfide oil hydrocarbon stream or a mixture of a disulfide oil hydrocarbon stream and a residual oil is partially oxidized in a gasifier to produce a hot raw synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide which can be passed to a steam generating heat exchanger to cool the hot raw synthesis gas and to produce steam which can be used to generate electricity via a turbine and, optionally, subjecting the cooled synthesis gas to the water/gas shift reaction to produce additional hydrogen and carbon dioxide. 1. A process for the treatment of a disulfide oil hydrocarbon stream comprises:a. introducing the disulfide oil hydrocarbon stream as a gasifier feed into a partial oxidation gasification reactor with a predetermined amount of oxygen and steam based on the carbon content of the disulfide oil hydrocarbon stream;b. subjecting the disulfide oil hydrocarbon stream to partial oxidation to produce a hot raw synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide;c. passing the hot raw synthesis gas to a steam-generating heat exchanger to cool the hot raw synthesis gas and to produce steam;d. introducing the steam from the heat exchanger into a turbine to produce electricity; ande. recovering the cooled synthesis gas.2. The process of that comprises mixing the disulfide oil hydrocarbon stream with a residual hydrocarbon stream to form the gasifier feed.3. The process of in which the gasification reactor is a refractory gasification reactor.4. The process of in which the gasification reactor is a membrane wall gasification reactor.5. The process of in which the gasifier feed comprises a solid ash-producing material.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the solid ash-producing material is in the form of finely divided particles and constitutes from 2% to 5% [or “up to 10%”] by weight of the total weight of the gasifier feed.7. The process of claim 4 , wherein the solid ash-producing material is selected from the group consisting of natural and synthetic oxides of Si ...

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Номер записи: 94
11-06-2020 дата публикации

Process and facility for producing propylene by combining propane dehydrogenation and a steam cracking method with propane recirculation into the steam cracking method

Номер: US20200181044A1
Автор: Dieterle Martin, Giesa Sonja, HÖFEL Torben, Kotrel Stefan, LAIB Heinrich, Patcas Florina Corina, TÖGEL Christine, ZELLHUBER Mathieu
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a process () for the production of propylene which comprises carrying out a process () for propane dehydrogenation to obtain a first component mixture (A), carrying out a further propylene production method () to obtain a second component mixture (B), and forming a separation product (P) containing predominantly propane using one or more propane separation steps (S), wherein at least part of the first component mixture (A) is supplied to the propane separation step or steps (S). It is envisaged that the separation product (P), which mainly contains propane, will at least partly be returned to the further propylene production method (). A corresponding plant and a process for converting a steam cracking plant are also the subject of the invention. 210211. The process () according to claim 1 , in which the formation of the separation product (P) predominantly containing propane which is carried out using one or more propane separation steps (S) is further carried out using at least a part of the propane of the second component mixture (B) claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the second component mixture (B) is furthermore supplied to the propane separation step or steps (S).31021. The process () according to in which the predominantly containing propane separation product (P) is not recycled to the propane dehydrogenation method ().4101. The process () according to claim 1 , in which only propane which has not been separated either from the first component mixture (A) or from the second component mixture (B) is supplied to the propane dehydrogenation method ().5102. The process () according to claim 1 , in which a steam cracking method is used as the further propylene production method ().610. The process () according to claim 1 , in which the separation product predominantly containing propane predominantly contains propane and also from 0.1 to 25 volume percent mono- and polyunsaturated C3 hydrocarbons and/or heavier hydrocarbons.710. The ...

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Номер записи: 95
22-07-2021 дата публикации

NAPHTHA SPLITTER INTEGRATION WITH HNCC TECHNOLOGY

Номер: US20210222073A1
Автор: Al-Shammari Talal, MAMILLA Sekhar Babu
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for processing full range naphtha and producing light olefins and BTX are disclosed. Full range naphtha is separated in naphtha splitter to produce a light naphtha stream and a heavy naphtha stream. The heavy naphtha stream is then fed to a heavy naphtha catalytic cracker to produce a cracked stream. The effluent from the steam cracking unit and the effluent from the catalytic cracking unit may be flowed into an oil quench tower and are further separated in a separation unit to produce purified ethylene, propylene, butadiene, 1-butene, and BTX. The cracked stream maybe further processed. The light naphtha stream or both the lights stream combined with the light naphtha stream is fed to a steam cracker to produce an effluent stream comprising olefins. Effluent of the steam cracker is fed to the processing unit to separate light olefins. The C+ hydrocarbons from the processes may be recycled. 1. A method of processing full range naphtha , the method comprising: feeding the full range naphtha to a naphtha splitter , the full range naphtha having an initial boiling point (IBP) of 30 to 50° C. and a final boiling point of 210 to 220° C.; separating the full range naphtha by the naphtha splitter , to produce a heavy naphtha stream having an IBP of 60 to 65° C. and a FBP of 210 to 220° C. and a light naphtha stream having an IBP of 30 to 35° C. and a FBP of 40 to 60° C.; catalytically cracking the heavy naphtha stream to produce a cracked stream; and processing the cracked stream in a processing unit to produce Cto Colefins , benzene , toluene , and xylene.2. A method of producing olefins and/or BTX , the method comprising: splitting a feed stream comprising naphtha that has an initial boiling point in a range of 30 to 50° C. and a FBP in a range of 210 to 220° C. to form a first stream comprising heavy naphtha that has an initial boiling point in a range of 60 to 65° C. and a final boiling point in a range of 210 to 220° C. and a second stream ...

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Номер записи: 96
21-07-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING ACETYLENE AND SYNTHESIS GAS

Номер: US20160207767A1
Автор: KERN Matthias, RENZE Peter, RUSS Michael, Vicari Maximilian
Принадлежит: BASF SE

An apparatus () for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen is proposed, comprising a mixing unit (), a mixing section and a mixing diffuser (). The mixing unit () has a feed orifice () for supply of a hydrocarbonaceous stream, a feed orifice () for supply of an oxygenous stream, a swirl register and a distributor plate (). The distributor plate () is disposed between the mixing section () and the feed orifice () for supply of a hydrocarbonaceous stream. The distributor plate () has orifices (). The swirl register () is disposed between the feed orifice () for supply of an oxygenous stream and the mixing section (). The mixing diffuser () is connected to the mixing section (). 1. An apparatus , comprising a mixing unit , a mixing section and a mixing diffuser ,wherein the mixing unit has a feed orifice for supply of a hydrocarbonaceous stream, a feed orifice for supply of an oxygenous stream, a swirl register and a distributor plate,wherein the distributor plate is disposed between the mixing section and the feed orifice for supply of a hydrocarbonaceous stream, wherein the distributor plate has orifices,wherein the swirl register is disposed between the feed orifice for supply of an oxygenous stream and the mixing section, wherein the mixing diffuser is connected to the mixing section.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the mixing section is essentially cylindrical claim 1 , wherein the distributor plate is configured such that the distributor plate completely surrounds the mixing section claim 1 , viewed in a circumferential direction.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the swirl register is disposed at least partly within the distributor plate.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the distributor plate has orifices for distribution of the hydrocarbonaceous stream.5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the orifices are arranged in homogeneous or inhomogeneous distribution in ...

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Номер записи: 97
21-07-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING ACETYLENE AND SYNTHESIS GAS

Номер: US20160207852A1
Автор: KERN Matthias, RENZE Peter, RUSS Michael, Vicari Maximilian
Принадлежит: BASF SE

An apparatus () for preparation of acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen is proposed, comprising a reactor (). The reactor () has a burner block () with a firing space for acetylene preparation, a secondary space () formed within the burner block (), and an annular space () surrounding the secondary space (). The burner block () has holes () for supply of a stream of a mixture of hydrocarbons and oxygen to the firing space and holes () for supply of a stream of auxiliary oxygen to the firing space. The holes () for supply of a stream of auxiliary oxygen to the firing space are connected to the secondary space (). The secondary space () is connected to the annular space (). 1: An apparatus , comprising a reactor ,wherein the reactor has a burner block with a firing space for acetylene preparation, a secondary space formed within the burner block, and an annular space surrounding the secondary space,wherein the burner block has holes for supply of a stream of a mixture of hydrocarbons and oxygen to the firing space and holes for supply of a stream of auxiliary oxygen to the firing space,wherein the holes for supply of a stream of auxiliary oxygen to the firing space are connected to the secondary space, wherein the secondary space is connected to the annular spacewherein the secondary space is separated from the annular space by a wall, said wall having orifices to connect the holes for supply of a stream of auxiliary oxygen to the annular space, wherein the annular space is connected to at least one feed for supply of auxiliary oxygen.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the annular space concentrically surrounds the secondary space.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the annular space is essentially circular.4. (canceled)5. The apparatus according to the preceding claim 4 , wherein the orifices are distributed homogeneously in the wall along a circumference of the burner block.61. The apparatus according ...

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Номер записи: 98
18-06-2020 дата публикации

PIPE AND DEVICE FOR THERMALLY CLEAVING HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20200190408A1
Автор: Heyland Steffen Alexander, Jakobi Dietlinde, Weigandt Jorg Dietmar
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a pipe for thermal cracking of hydrocarbons in the presence of steam, in which the feed mixture is guided through externally heated pipes, wherein 3. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the inner surface of the pipe is cylindrical and the grooves are introduced into this cylindrical inner surface in such a way that portions of the inner surface that form a cylinder remain between the grooves.4. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in a cross section at right angles to the longitudinal axis claim 1 , the circular arc segment in the inner surface circle occupied by a portion of the inner surface arranged between two grooves is greater than 1% of the circular arc segment in the inner surface circle occupied by the groove opening of at least one of the grooves adjoining this portion of the inner surface area.52. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the diameter Di of the inner surface into which the grooves () have been introduced is within a range from 15 mm to 280 mm.6. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the groove depth TT is within a range from 0.1 mm to 10 mm.72. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the number Nof grooves () results in a groove density within a range from 1% to 347%.82. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the grooves () run at an angle of 20° to 40° claim 1 , preferably of 22.5° to 32.5° claim 1 , based on the longitudinal axis (A).9. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pipe is a centrifugally cast pipe or has been produced from a centrifugally cast pipe by introducing grooves into a centrifugally cast pipe.10. The pipe as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pipe includes a nickel-chromium-iron alloy having high oxidation and carburization resistance claim 1 , rupture resistance and creep resistance claim 1 , composed of0.05% to 0.6% carbon20% to 50% chromium5% to 40% iron2% to 6% aluminumup to 2% siliconup to 2% manganeseup to 1.5% niobiumup to 1.5% tantalumup to 6.0% tungstenup ...

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Номер записи: 99
27-06-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR CONVERTING HEAVY OILS TO LIGHT LIQUID PRODUCTS AND ELECTRIC POWER

Номер: US20190194549A1
Автор: DuBois Walter E.
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a system and a process for converting heavy oils into light hydrocarbon products and electric power. The system comprises a CFB reactor for thermal cracking of heavy oils to generate light hydrocarbon products, coupled with a CFB boiler power plant for converting coke particles produced in the CFB reactor into flue gas and then producing steam for generation of electric power. The system and process of the present invention efficiently produces valuable products from heavy oils (electric power and a full range of hydrocarbon products ranging from Heavy Coker Gas Oil to refinery fuel gas) with negligible coke production and minimal or no generation of low heating value gas. 1. A system for converting a heavy oil feed to light hydrocarbons and electric power , comprising: a coking zone containing a fluidized bed of solid particles, into which the heavy oil feed is introduced and subjected to thermal cracking to form light hydrocarbon vapors and coke particles with hydrocarbons adhered thereto;', 'a scrubbing zone, located above the coking zone, for scrubbing the light hydrocarbon vapors; and', 'a stripping zone, located at the bottom of the coking zone, for stripping at least a portion of hydrocarbons adhered to the coke particles to form stripped coke particles;, 'a reactor comprisinga furnace connected to the stripping zone for receiving at least a portion of the stripped coke particles, in which the stripped coke particles are combusted to form a stream comprised of flue gas and coke fines;at least one fines separator connected to the furnace for receiving at least a portion of the stream formed in the furnace and separating the coke fines from the flue gas;at least one heat-exchange means for exchanging the heat of the separated flue gas with water and/or steam to form heated steam for generation of electric power.2. The system of further comprising a conduit for recycling at least a portion of the coke fines from the furnace to ...

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Номер записи: 100