Processing Biomass

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy or sugary materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation. 1. A method comprising:irradiating a cellulosic or lignocellulosic material, while the material is under a pressure above atmospheric pressure, so as to decrease the molecular weight of the cellulosic or lignocellulosic material.2. The method of further comprising blanketing the material with a gas during irradiation.3. The method of wherein the gas comprises oxygen.4. The method of wherein the gas is selected from the group consisting of air claim 2 , oxygen-enriched air claim 2 , nitrogen claim 2 , oxygen claim 2 , helium claim 2 , argon claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.5. The method of wherein the pressure is greater than about 2.5 atmospheres.6. The method of wherein the pressure is greater than about 5.0 atmospheres.7. The method of wherein irradiating comprises irradiating with an electron beam.8. The method of further comprising controlling the temperature of the material.9. The method of further comprising cooling the material after treating the material.10. The method of wherein cooling comprises contacting the biomass with a fluid at a temperature below the temperature of the material after irradiation.11. The method of wherein the fluid is at a temperature below the initial temperature of the material prior to irradiation.12. The method of wherein the fluid comprises a gas.13. The method of wherein the fluid comprises a liquid.14. The method of wherein irradiating and cooling are repeated two or more times to deliver a desired dose of radiation to the material.15. The method of wherein the rate of irradiation is greater then 0.15 Mrad per second.16. The method of wherein irradiating comprises delivering a total dose of at least about 2. ...

POLYVINYL ALCOHOL POLYMER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROLYZABLE CELLULOSE USING THE SAME

A polyvinyl alcohol polymer capable of, in producing hydrolyzable cellulose using a cellulosic biomass as a basic material, readily disrupting the cellulosic biomass at a molecular level by imparting a suitable flow resistance to a solution containing the cellulosic biomass, or the like, thereby resulting in efficient production of hydrolyzable cellulose to be enabled; and a method for producing hydrolyzable cellulose using the polyvinyl alcohol polymer. Provided is a polyvinyl alcohol polymer for use in producing hydrolyzable cellulose using a cellulosic biomass as a basic material, the polyvinyl alcohol polymer having: an average degree of polymerization of no less than 200 and no greater than 5,000; a degree of saponification of no less than 70 mol % and no greater than 99.9 mol %; and a molecular weight distribution of no less than 2.2. 1. A polyvinyl alcohol polymer having the following characteristics:an average degree of polymerization of no less than 200 and no greater than 5,000;a degree of saponification of no less than 70 mol % and no greater than 99.9 mol %; anda molecular weight distribution of no less than 2.2.2. The polyvinyl alcohol polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the average degree of polymerization is no less than 600 and no greater than 4 claim 1 ,000.3. The polyvinyl alcohol polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the degree of saponification is no less than 80 mol % and no greater than 98.5 mol %.4. The polyvinyl alcohol polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the molecular weight distribution is no less than 2.25.5. The polyvinyl alcohol polymer according to claim 1 , comprising a structural unit comprising a carboxyl group claim 1 , wherein a content of the structural unit having a carboxyl group is no less than 0.2 mol % and no greater than 4 mol %.6. The polyvinyl alcohol polymer according to claim 1 , comprising a structural unit comprising a cationic group claim 1 , wherein a content of the structural unit having a cationic group is ...

NANO-DEAGGREGATED CELLULOSE

Disclosed are methods and systems for treating cellulose to make it more accessible for enzymatic or chemical modification. The invention includes treating cellulose with an alkali in an alcohol/water co-solvent system. The treatment decrystallizes or deaggregates the cellulosic material. The methods and systems increase the efficiency of enzymatic or chemical modifications of cellulose for use as biofuels or cellulose derivatives. 1. Nano-deaggregated cellulose.2. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose is water-stable and is not converted to cellulose II in aqueous media.3. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of having a broadened x-ray diffraction main peak at 20° at a diffraction angle 2Θ claim 1 , different from that of cellulose I claim 1 , cellulose II or amorphous cellulose.4. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of claim 3 , wherein the width at half-height of the peak is increased compared that of cellulose I and II.5. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of having a x-ray pattern as shown in .6. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of claim 1 , further comprising a Raman spectrum as shown in .7. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of claim 2 , further comprising dark opaque grain/cellular stains compared to transparent stains of cellulose I with Graff's C stain.8. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of claim 2 , further comprising a greater enzymatic hydrolysis conversion to soluble saccharides than cellulose I at the same concentration of enzyme.9. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of claim 8 , wherein enzymatic hydrolysis conversion to soluble saccharides is at least 70%.10. The nano-deaggregated cellulose of claim 8 , wherein enzymatic hydrolysis conversion to soluble saccharides is at least 90%.11. A nano-deaggregated cellulose having the following properties:{'figref': {'@idref': 'DRAWINGS', 'FIGS. 10-16'}, 'a) x-ray diffraction peaks at diffraction angle 2Θ different from cellulose I or cellulose II as shown in ;'}{'figref': {'@idref': 'DRAWINGS', ' ...

METHOD AND A SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING NANOCELLULOSE, AND NANOCELLULOSE

A method and system for producing nanocellulose are provided. Cellulose is refined by a first refiner, the refined cellulose is separated by a first separator in such a manner that at least part of it belongs to an accepted fraction, water is removed from the accepted fraction by a precipitator and the accepted fraction is refined by a second refiner to produce nanocellulose. 112-. (canceled)13. A method for producing nanocellulose , in which method cellulose is refined by a first refiner ,the refined cellulose is separated by a first separator in such a way that at least part of it belongs to an accepted fraction,water is removed from said accepted fraction by a precipitator, andsaid accepted fraction is refined by a second refiner to produce nanocellulose.14. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising separating a material from the material in a second separator claim 13 , after the refining by the second refiner.15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein part of the material separated by the first separator belongs to a rejected fraction claim 13 , and:said rejected fraction is conveyed back to the first refiner.16. The method according to claim 13 , wherein said first refiner and/or said second refiner is a conical refiner.17. The method according to claim 13 , wherein at least said second refiner includes blades that are substantially flat (without edges).18. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the first separator is a pressure separator comprising a perforated screen.19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the diameter of one single hole of the perforated screen is approximately 0.2 mm.20. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the second separator is a pressure separator comprising a perforated or slotted screen.21. The method according to claim 20 , wherein the second separator is a pressure separator comprising a perforated screen claim 20 , in which the diameter of one single hole is approximately 0.2 mm.22. A system for ...

Process for the Mechanical or Mechano-Chemical Pretreatment of Biomass

The present invention concerns a process for the mechanical or mechano-chemical treatment of biomass, wherein a mixture containing the biomass and optional further chemicals is pressed through the openings of one or more compactor one or more times. The process can be operated in a continuous manner by using more than one compactor and more than one compacting cycle, whereby the multiple compactors are operated sequentially. 1. A process for the mechanical or mechano-chemical treatment of biomass comprising; compacting a mixture containing the biomass by pressing it through openings of one or more compactors one or more times.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the biomass is a lignocellulosic biomass.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the biomass is selected from dissolving pulp claim 1 , mechanical mass claim 1 , spruce chips claim 1 , and reed canary grass claim 1 , or optionally from birch claim 1 , aspen claim 1 , poplar claim 1 , alder claim 1 , eucalyptus or acasia claim 1 , or agricultural residues claim 1 , grasses claim 1 , straw claim 1 , leaves claim 1 , bark claim 1 , seeds claim 1 , hulls claim 1 , flowers claim 1 , vegetables or fruits from materials.4. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising adding chemicals claim 1 , including one or more active chemicals claim 1 , into the biomass mixture prior to compacting.5. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising adding chemicals claim 1 , including one or more active chemicals selected from oxidative agents claim 1 , catalysts claim 1 , alkalis and acids to the biomass prior to compacting.6. The process according to claim 1 , comprising pressing the biomass through the openings of the compactor 1 time.7. The process according to claim 1 , comprising pressing the biomass through the openings of the compactor more than one time claim 1 , using sequential compactors.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compacting takes place by pressing the biomass ...

novel lignin based composition

A novel and environmentally friendly lignin based lubricant composition in the form of oil, gel, grease, paste, solid, or water/glycol emulsion comprising lignin and/or its derivatives with a dosage ranging from 0.01 to 95 wt %, preferably 0.1% to 80 wt %, or even more preferably 0.5 to 60 wt % dispersed in at least one or more components selected from 1) base oils, 2) surfactants or coupling agents, 3) lubricant additives, or 4) grease thickeners of soap or non-soap type whereupon the said composition was found to exhibit novel and synergistic performance benefits such as, but not limited to, antioxidancy, extreme pressure, antiwear, lubricity as well as a rheology modifying characteristics, e.g. thickening effect, for a broad range of lubricant, grease, or oil field drilling applications. 1. A novel and environmentally friendly lignin based lubricant composition in the form of oil , gel , grease , paste , solid , or water/glycol based emulsion comprises Lignin Derivatives ranging from 0.01 to 95 wt % , preferably 0.1% to 80 wt % , or even more preferably 0.5 to 60 wt % dispersed in at least one or more components selected from the following categories:1) Base oil2) Surfactants or coupling agents,3) Lubricant additives,4) Grease thickeners of soap or non-soap type, whereupon the Lignin Derivatives were found to function as multifunctional additives exhibiting improved and synergistic performance such as antioxidancy, extreme pressure, antiwear, lubricity, as well as rheology modifying characteristics, e.g. thickening effect, for a broad range of lubricant, grease, or oil field drilling applications.2. The composition of claim 1 , where the lubricant composition is in the form of oil claim 1 , gel claim 1 , grease claim 1 , paste claim 1 , solid claim 1 , or water/glycol based emulsion3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the lignin and its derivatives is used at a dosage from 0.01 to 95 wt % claim 1 , preferably 0.1 to 80 wt % claim 1 , or even more preferably 0. ...

METHOD FOR PRETREATING LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS

The present invention relates to a method for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass containing alkali and/or alkaline earth metal (AAEM). The method comprises providing a lignocellulosic biomass containing AAEM; determining the amount of the AAEM present in the lignocellulosic biomass; identifying, based on said determining, the amount of a mineral acid sufficient to completely convert the AAEM in the lignocellulosic biomass to thermally-stable, catalytically-inert salts; and treating the lignocellulosic biomass with the identified amount of the mineral acid, wherein the treated lignocellulosic biomass contains thermally-stable, catalytically inert AAEM salts. 1. A method for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass containing alkali and/or alkaline earth metal (AAEM) comprising:providing a lignocellulosic biomass containing AAEM;determining the amount of the AAEM present in the lignocellulosic biomass;identifying, based on said determining, the amount of a mineral acid sufficient to completely convert the AAEM in the lignocellulosic biomass to thermally-stable, catalytically-inert salts; andtreating the lignocellulosic biomass with the identified amount of the mineral acid, wherein the treated lignocellulosic biomass contains thermally-stable, catalytically inert AAEM salts.2. The method of further comprising:drying the treated lignocellulosic biomass.3. The method of further comprising:pyrolyzing the treated lignocellulosic biomass to obtain a bio-oil product with a high sugar yield.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the obtained bio-oil product comprises anhydrosugars claim 3 , monosaccharides claim 3 , and oligosaccharides.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sugar yield in the bio-oil product is increased by 2-9 fold compared to a bio-oil product produced from the provided lignocellulosic biomass which is not subjected to said treating.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the bio-oil product has a sugar yield of 18-25 wt % compared to a bio-oil product produced from ...

BLOWN AND STRIPPED PLANT-BASED OILS

A method for producing a high viscosity, low volatiles blown stripped plant-based oil is provided. The method may include the steps of (i) obtaining a plant-based oil; (ii) heating the oil to at least 90C; (iii) passing air through the heated oil to produce a blown oil having a viscosity of at least 200 cSt at 40C; (iv) stripping the blown oil from step (iii) to reduce an acid value of the blown oil to from 5 mg KOH/g to about 9 mg KOH/g; (v) adding a polyol to the stripped oil from (iv); and (vi) stripping the oil from step (v) to reduce the acid value of the oil to less than 5.0 mg KOH/g or less. 1. A method for producing a high viscosity , low volatiles blown stripped plant-based oil , the method comprising the steps of:(a) obtaining a plant-based oil;(b) heating the oil to at least 90° C.;(c) passing air through the heated oil to produce a blown oil;(d) stripping the blown oil from step (c) to reduce an acid value of the blown oil to from 5 mg KOH/g to about 9 mg KOH/g; and(e) adding a polyol to the stripped oil from (d); and(f) stripping the oil from step (e) to reduce the acid value of the oil to less than 5.0 mg KOH/g or less.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil resulting from step (f) exhibits a viscosity at 40° C. of at least 60 cSt.3. The method of wherein the oil resulting from step (f) exhibits a viscosity at 40° C. of at least 150 cSt.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil resulting from step (f) exhibits: a viscosity at 40° C. of at least 500 cSt; an acid value of 4 mg KOH/gram or less; a hydroxyl number of less than 50 mg KOH/gram; and a flash point of at least 293° C. claim 1 , in particular aspects claim 1 , a flash point of at least 296° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil resulting from step (f) exhibits: a viscosity at 40° C. of at least 700 cSt; an acid value of 3.5 mg KOH/gram or less; a hydroxyl number of less than about 40 mg KOH/gram; and a flash point of at least 304° C.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil resulting ...

Lubricating Composition Containing a Polymer

The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity, an additive containing a polymeric backbone and at least one amino group. The invention further provides for the additive to have dispersant and/or dispersant viscosity modifying properties. The lubricating composition is suitable for lubricating an internal combustion engine.

LIGNIN EXTRACTION FROM LIGNOCELLULOSICS

The present invention is directed to a method to extract lignin from lignocellulosic biomass using lactic acid. 1. A method of extracting lignin from lignocellulosic biomass , the method comprising:comminuting the lignocellulosic biomass to form a comminuted biomass;adding lactic acid to the comminuted biomass to form a prepared biomass; andextracting lignin from the prepared biomass.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a pH of the lactic acid is between about 1.4 and about 9.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction occurs at a temperature between about 0° C. to about 500° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction occurs at a temperature of about 25° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction occurs at a pressure between about 1 atm and about 200 atms.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction occurs at a pressure of about 1 atm.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is comminuted in the presence of water at a specified ratio of water to biomass ranging from about 0.1 to 1.0 up to 10.0 to 1.0.8. The method of wherein the specified ratio of water to biomass exceeds 1 to 1.9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the specified ratio of water to biomass is between about 2 to 1 up to about 6 to 1.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the lactic acid to the comminuted biomass is between about 1 to about 3.4:about 1.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is selected from the group consisting of corn stover claim 1 , sugarcane claim 1 , straw claim 1 , saw mill claim 1 , paper mill claim 1 , wood claim 1 , switch grass and elephant grass and combinations thereof12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is corn stover.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the comminuting is selected from the group consisting of cutting claim 1 , chopping claim 1 , grinding claim 1 , crushing claim 1 , milling claim 1 , micronizing claim 1 , triturating and combinations thereof.14. A method of ...

METHOD FOR SOLUBILIZING CELLULOSE

Provided is a method for solubilizing cellulose in which cellulose can be solubilized in a short period of time with a low amount of excess decomposition and without the use of a catalyst or other chemicals. A starting material containing cellulose is pulverized to reduce the crystallization thereof, adjusted for moisture content, reacted with water in the absence of a catalyst, and converted into a water-soluble component. At this point, the reaction is performed at a temperature of 100° C. or more and less than 300° C., and a total pressure of 0.05 MPa or more and less than 10 MPa. Water is added and extracted from the water soluble component, and solid-liquid separation is performed to separate the solids and the aqueous solution. 1. A method for solubilizing cellulose for conversion into a water soluble component by a reaction with water under conditions in which a catalyst is not present ,wherein, before the reaction, a raw material containing cellulose is subjected to micro pulverization to reduce a crystallization degree thereof andthe reaction is performed under conditions of 100° C. or higher and lower than 300° C. and a total pressure of 0.05 MPa or higher and lower than 10 MPa.2. The method for solubilizing cellulose according to claim 1 , wherein the crystallization degree is set to 42% or less by the micro pulverization.3. The method for solubilizing cellulose according to claim 2 , wherein the total pressure is lower than saturated vapor pressure and the water is entirely in a gas state.4. The method for solubilizing cellulose according to claim 3 , wherein each of the raw material containing cellulose and water is added in a pre-determined amount to a reaction vessel claim 3 , and the temperature and pressure are adjusted by heating after sealing the reaction vessel.5. The method for solubilizing cellulose according to claim 4 , wherein (weight of water/weight of cellulose) is 0.01 or more and less than 7.67-. (canceled)8. The method for solubilizing ...

METHODS FOR CONTROLLING PRETREATMENT OF BIOMASS

Methods for producing ethanol from cellulosic biomass and, in particular, methods for controlling steam explosion pretreatment operations are disclosed. In some particular embodiments, the total solids content of biomass entering a pretreatment digester is calculated to provide operational data and feedback control. 1. A method for controlling the total solids contents of biomass discharged from a plug screw feeder into a pretreatment digester , the plug screw feeder comprising a throat section having a number of drain openings , the digester being connected to a damper which contacts the biomass material as it enters the digester , the damper being driven forward by a piston which exerts a force on the damper to create a back pressure against the biomass , the method comprising:measuring the flow rate of biomass introduced into the plug screw feeder;measuring the total solids content of biomass introduced into the plug screw feeder;measuring the flow rate of a effluent slurry discharged from the plug screw feeder;calculating the total solids content of the biomass discharged from the plug screw feeder into the pretreatment digester based on the flow rate and total solids content of biomass introduced into the plug screw feeder and the flow rate of the effluent slurry discharged from the plug screw feeder; andadjusting at least one of (1) the number of open drain openings in the plug screw feeder throat section, (2) the force exerted on the damper by the piston, (3) the rotational speed of the plug screw feeder and (4) the total solids content of biomass introduced into the plug screw feeder based on the calculated total solids content of the biomass discharged from the plug screw feeder.2. The method as set forth in further comprising:measuring the total solids content of the effluent slurry discharged from the screw plug feeder; andcalculating the total solids content of the biomass discharged from the plug screw feeder into the pretreatment digester based on the ...

BIOMASS CONVERSION SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR USE THEREOF

Digestion of cellulosic biomass solids to form a hydrolysate may be accompanied by decomposition if the soluble carbohydrates produced from the biomass under hydrothermal digestion conditions are not transformed into a more stable reaction product. Biomass conversion systems may be configured to address this issue and others. Biomass conversion systems can comprise: a hydrothermal digestion unit; a first catalytic reduction reactor unit fluidly coupled to the hydrothermal digestion unit along its height by two or more fluid inlet lines and two or more fluid return lines, the first catalytic reduction reactor unit containing a catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen; and a fluid circulation loop comprising the hydrothermal digestion unit and a second catalytic reduction reactor unit that contains a catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen. 1. A biomass conversion system comprising:a hydrothermal digestion unit;a first catalytic reduction reactor unit fluidly coupled to the hydrothermal digestion unit along its height by two or more fluid inlet lines and two or more fluid return lines, the first catalytic reduction reactor unit containing a catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen; anda fluid circulation loop comprising the hydrothermal digestion unit and a second catalytic reduction reactor unit that contains a catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen.2. The biomass conversion system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid circulation loop is configured to establish countercurrent flow in the hydrothermal digestion unit.3. The biomass conversion system of claim 1 , wherein there are equal numbers of fluid inlet lines and fluid return lines.4. The biomass conversion system of claim 1 , wherein there are 3 to 10 pairs of fluid inlet lines and fluid return lines.5. The biomass conversion system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid inlet lines and fluid return lines are distributed non-uniformly along the height of the hydrothermal digestion unit.6. ...

HEAT TREATMENT OIL COMPOSITION

A heat treatment oil composition is provided that suppresses the decrease of luster in a heat treatment of a metal material, and is capable of suppressing the increase of the number of second (characteristic number of second) until reaching the temperature where the vapor blanket stage ends with the lapse of time and the decrease of the kinetic viscosity with the lapse of time. The heat treatment oil composition contains (A) a base oil and (B) a vapor blanket breaking agent selected from one or more of a petroleum resin, a terpene resin, rosin, and derivatives thereof. 1. A heat treatment oil composition , comprising(A) a base oil, and(B) at least one vapor blanket breaking agent selected from the group consisting of a petroleum resin, a terpene resin, a rosin, and derivatives thereof.2. The heat treatment oil composition according to claim 1 , wherein the vapor blanket breaking agent as the component (B) has a softening point measured by the ring and ball method of JIS K2207:2006 of 40° C. or more.3. The heat treatment oil composition according to claim 2 , wherein the vapor blanket breaking agent as the component (B) has a softening point measured by the ring and ball method of JIS K2207:2006 of 60° C. or more and 150° C. or less.4. The heat treatment oil composition according to claim 1 , wherein the base oil as the component (A) has a 40° C. kinetic viscosity of from 5 to 500 mm/s.5. The heat treatment oil composition according to claim 1 , comprising:80% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass of the base oil, andmore than 0% by mass and 20% by mass or less of the vapor blanket breaking agent,based on a total mass the total amount of the heat treatment oil composition.6. The heat treatment oil composition according to claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment oil composition has a characteristic number of second obtained from a cooling curve obtained according to the cooling capability test method of JIS K2242:2012 of 3.00 seconds or less. The present invention ...

APPARATUS FOR CONUTIOUSLY PROCESSING LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL

Disclosed is an apparatus for continuously processing a lignocellulosic material, and particularly to an apparatus for continuously processing a lignocellulosic material by using of a single-stage or two-stage pretreatment processing with related to the acid-catalyzed steam explosion processing combined with dilute acid hydrolysis and steam explosion, in which parameters are adjusted to maintain in a state where lignocellulosic material feeding, acid mixing pre-heating, dilute acid hydrolysis reaction, steam explosion and flash discharge, to solid and liquid separation are simultaneously and continuously operated, so as to achieve in the results of acquiring xylose hydrolyzate by hydrolyzing hemicellulose, destroying lignocellulosic material structure, increasing surface area and porosity. 1. An apparatus for continuously processing a lignocellulosic material , comprises: a piston feeding device, connected to the feeding trough set;', 'a horizontal high temperature high pressure reactor set, connected to the piston feeding device;', 'a high temperature pressure difference flash discharge device, connected to the horizontal high temperature high pressure reactor set;', 'a flash trough set, connected to the high temperature pressure difference discharge device;', 'a flashed steam heat-recycling system connected to the flash trough set; and', 'a solid-liquid separation device, connected to the flash trough set., 'a feeding trough set;'}2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the piston feeding device includes a feeding dipper-like bin claim 1 , a horizontal pushing device and a vertical pressuring device connected in series.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the horizontal pushing device includes a barometric jar constant amount pushing device and a spiral conveyor constant delivering device.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the horizontal high temperature high pressure reactor set includes a stirrer claim 1 , at least two ball ...

HYDROTHERMALLY CARBONIZED BIOMASS FORMED VIA REACTIVE TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION

A biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material being a product of processing a biomass feed material via a twin screw extruder having a length extending between an inlet and an outlet. Hot water from a water heater is injected into at least one inlet along the length of the twin screw extruder, the at least one inlet generally corresponding with a pressure boundary within the twin screw extruder. A pressure-sustaining valve is connected between the length of the twin screw extruder and the outlet, with the valve being adjusted to produce the biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material. 1. A biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material comprising: hot water from a water heater is injected into at least one inlet along the length of the twin screw extruder,', 'the at least one inlet generally corresponds with a pressure boundary within the twin screw extruder; and', 'a pressure-sustaining valve connected between the length of the twin screw extruder and the outlet is adjusted to produce the biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material., 'a product of processing a biomass feed material via a twin screw extruder having a length extending between an inlet and an outlet and wherein2. The biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material of wherein the biomass feed material comprises a lignocellulosic biomass material.3. The biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material of wherein the lignocellulosic biomass material comprises at least on material selected from the group consisting of wood claim 2 , wood waste claim 2 , agricultural residue and forest residue.4. The biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material of having a moisture content of <5% when dried in room air for 24-48 hrs.5. The biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material of having a molded flexural modulus (psi) of about 700 claim 1 ,000 and a post-cured flexural modulus (psi) of greater than 900 claim 1 ,000.6. The biomass-derived thermosetting polymer material of having a molded flexural strength ( ...

IONIC-LIQUID MEDIATED PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS DIRECTLY FROM WOOD, GRASS OR BIORESIDUES

A process for the production of cellulose nanocrystals directly from wood, grass or bioresidues wherein the wood is treated with an ionic liquid and novel cellulose nanocrystals obtained by the process. 1. A process for the production of cellulose nanocrystals directly from wood , grass or a bioresidue comprising mainly cellulose and lignin , comprising treating the wood , grass or the bioresidue with an ionic liquid at a temperature of 85° C. or less for a period of from 1 minutes to 12 hours.2. The process in accordance with wherein the treatment temperature is 75° C. or less.3. The process in accordance with wherein the treatment temperature is 70° C. or less.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the treatment time is of from 1 minute to 8 hours.5. The process in accordance with wherein the treatment time from 1 minute to 6 hours.6. The process in accordance with comprising at least two cycles of treatment of the wood or the grass with the ionic liquid.7. The process in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is an imidazolium ionic liquid.8. The process in accordance with wherein the ionic liquid is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]) or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([BMIM][OAc]).9. Cellulose nanocrystals prepared by the process of .10. Cellulose nanocrystals according to having a diameter of from 2 to 4 nm and an aspect ratio of from 20 to 100.11. Cellulose nanocrystals in accordance with comprising of from 5 wt % to 30 wt % of lignin coated onto the surface of the cellulose nanocrystals.12. Cellulose nanocrystals in accordance with having a degree of surface acetylation of from 3 to 40%.1314.-. (canceled)15. Cellulose nanocrystals according to and having an aspect ratio of 40 to 90.16. Cellulose nanocrystals in accordance with comprising of from 5 wt % to 30 wt % of lignin coated onto the surface of the cellulose nanocrystals.17. Cellulose nanocrystals in accordance with having a degree of surface acetylation of from 3 ...

MICROALGAL COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF

Provided are microalgal compositions and methods for their use. The microalgal compositions include lubricants that find use in industrial and other applications. 131.-. (canceled)32. A method for providing lubrication to a surface , the method comprising applying a lubricant to the surface , the lubricant comprising oleaginous microbial biomass , wherein the oleaginous microbial biomass comprises at least 20% lipid by dry cell weight , said lubricant further comprising at least one other ingredient selected from the group consisting of anti-oxidant , corrosion inhibitor , metal deactivator , binder , chelating agent , oxygen scavenger , anti-wear agent , extreme pressure resistance additive , antimicrobial agent , pH adjuster , emulsifier , lubricity agent , vegetable oil , petroleum derived oil , high viscosity petroleum hydrocarbon oil , petroleum derivative , pour point depressant , moisture scavenger , defoamers , anti-misting agent , odorant , surfactant , humectant , rheology modifier , and colorant.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the oleaginous biomass is unlysed cells and wherein the unlysed cells comprise at least 35% lipid by dry weight.34. The method of claim 32 , wherein the oleaginous biomass comprises at least 50% lipid.35. The method of claim 32 , wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 32 ,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one claim 32 , sodium omadine claim 32 , phenolics claim 32 , p-chloro-m-cresol claim 32 , halogen substituted carbamates claim 32 , isothiazolone derivatives claim 32 , bromonitriles dinitromorpholines claim 32 , amphotericin claim 32 , triazine claim 32 , BIT claim 32 , MIT claim 32 , potassium sorbate claim 32 , sodium benzoate claim 32 , and glutaraldehyde.36. The method of claim 35 , wherein the antimicrobial agent is present in the lubricant at a concentration of 0.0005% to 6% by weight.37. The method of claim 32 , wherein the rheology modifier is selected from the group consisting of ...

ACETYLATED WOOD

Disclosed is acetylated wood comprising one or more end grain surfaces, wherein the wood is selected from the species Red Alder and European Alder. The acetylation of these wood species surprisingly result s in a lowering of the water absorption by immersion at an end-grain surface. Thus, acetylation can be used for the purpose of lowering the water absorption by immersion at an end-grain surface of wood selected from the group consisting of Red Alder and European Alder. The invention also pertains to wood having tangential surfaces, showing a surprising extent of aggregate rays. Further disclosed is a method of providing stable discoloured acetylated Red Alder [and European Alder], comprising a step of subjecting the acetylated wood to UV exposure. 1. Acetylated wood comprising one or more end grain surfaces , wherein the wood is selected from the species Red Alder and European Alder.2. Acetylated wood in accordance with claim 1 , in the form of a beam or board.3. A wood product selected from the group consisting of doors claim 1 , windows claim 1 , decking claim 1 , cladding (siding) claim 1 , outdoor furniture claim 1 , and boat decking claim 1 , wherein the wood is acetylated wood according to .4. The use of acetylation for the purpose of lowering the water absorption by immersion at an end-grain surface of wood selected from the group consisting of Red Alder and European Alder.5. The use of wood selected from the group consisting of Red Alder and European Alder claim 1 , for the purpose of providing acetylated wood that shows a lower water absorption than the corresponding native wood.6. Acetylated wood comprising one or more tangential surfaces claim 1 , wherein the wood is selected from the species Red Alder and European Alder.7. Acetylated wood selected from the species Red Alder and European Alder claim 1 , obtainable by subjecting the acetylated wood to UV exposure at a level of outdoor exposure for a period of one week to one month. The invention is in ...

HYDROGENATED POLYMERS WITH A RADIAL STRUCTURE HAVING A CORE BASED ON CALIXARENES AND USE THEREOF IN LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS

Hydrogenated polymers with a radial structure having a core made up of calixarenes of the general formula (I), to the core of which is linked a number P of hydrogenated linear polymer segments selected from: —hydrogenated homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated dienes; or —hydrogenated copolymers of said conjugated dienes and monoalkenyl arenes, and —mixtures thereof said formula (I) in which: —R, R, Rand Rare independently selected from hydrogen; a group containing carbon and hydrogen; a group also containing heteroatoms in addition to carbon and hydrogen; a group also containing silicon in addition to carbon, hydrogen and heteroatoms; —one of the two substituents Rand Ris hydrogen, while the other may be hydrogen or alkyl, with a number of carbon atoms between 1 and 6, preferably methyl and ethyl; —n is an integer in the range between 4 and 16. 2. Hydrogenated radial polymers according to claim 1 , in which the linear polymer segments are hydrogenated homopolymers or hydrogenated copolymers of conjugated dienes selected from butadiene claim 1 , isoprene claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3-pentadiene claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3-dimethyl-1 claim 1 ,3-butadiene claim 1 , 3-butyl-1 claim 1 ,3-octadiene claim 1 , 1-phenyl-1 claim 1 ,3-butadiene and 1 claim 1 ,3-hexadiene.3. Hydrogenated radial polymers according to claim 2 , in which the linear polymer segments are selected from homopolymers or copolymers of butadiene and isoprene.4. Hydrogenated radial polymers in which the linear polymer segments are hydrogenated copolymers of the conjugated dienes according to and of monoalkenyl arenes selected from styrene claim 2 , ortho-methylstyrene claim 2 , para-methylstyrene claim 2 , meta-methylstyrene claim 2 , tert-butylstyrene and monovinylnaphthalene.5. Hydrogenated radial polymers according to claim 4 , in which the linear polymer segments are hydrogenated copolymers of butadiene and styrene claim 4 , or hydrogenated copolymers of isoprene and styrene.6. Hydrogenated radial polymers ...

Viscosity index improver, lubricant oil additive, and lubricant oil composition

A viscosity index improver of the present invention contains a star polymer obtained by a reaction of divinylbenzene with alkyl methacrylate containing stearyl methacrylate, the star polymer having a core part and an arm part, wherein the core part is derived from the divinylbenzene and the arm part is a polymer chain of the alkyl methacrylate. A lubricant oil additive and a lubricant oil composition of the present invention contain the above viscosity index improver.

Highly Wear-Resistant Plant Genetic Lubricant Oil Additive, Preparation Method and Application Thereof

A highly wear-resistant plant genetic lubricant oil additive, a preparation method and an application thereof are disclosed. The additive includes 90-97% of a plant base oil and 3-10% of an aerogel. The plant base oil is prepared from a mixed plant oil of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, olive oil, castor seed oil, salad oil, sunflower seed oil and tung oil. The highly wear-resistant plant genetic lubricant oil additive is added to various lubricant oils for being used to devices, and a colloidal substance is generated after the devices are driven and heat is generated, so that the lubricant oils are firmly adhered to the surface of components. The lubricant oil additive not only has characteristics of high abrasion resistance, high and low temperature resistance, and oxidation resistance, but also the used lubricant oil can be regenerated and recycled after being recovered and filtered. 1. A highly wear-resistant plant genetic lubricant oil additive , which comprises by volume percentage:92-97% of a plant base oil prepared from a mixed plant oil of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, olive oil, castor seed oil, salad oil, sunflower seed oil and tung oil; and3-8% of an aerogel.2. The highly wear-resistant plant genetic lubricant oil additive claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein the aerogel is a porous material with a pore diameter in a range of 50-150 nm.3. The highly wear-resistant plant genetic lubricant oil additive claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein the mixed plant oil comprises 5-15% of the soybean oil claim 1 , 5-15% of the rapeseed oil claim 1 , 5-15% of the sesame oil claim 1 , 5-20% of the peanut oil claim 1 , 5-15% of the olive oil claim 1 , 5-20% of the castor seed oil claim 1 , 5-15% of the salad oil claim 1 , 5-20% of the sunflower seed oil claim 1 , and 5-8% of the tung oil by volume percentage.4. The highly wear-resistant plant genetic lubricant oil additive claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein the ...

ESTOLIDE AND LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS THAT CONTAIN ENE AND DIELS ALDER COMPOUNDS

Provided herein are compositions containing at least one estolide compound and at least one ene and/or Diels Alder compound. In certain embodiments, the addition of at least one ene and/or Diels Alder compound to an estolide-containing composition may improve the cold temperature, viscometric, and/or anti-wear properties of the composition. 143-. (canceled)45. (canceled)46. (canceled)47. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Yis selected from Calkyl and Calkyl.48. (canceled)49. (canceled)50. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Yis saturated.5153-. (canceled)54. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Yis selected from Calkylene and Calkylene.55. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Yis selected from Calkylene and Calkylene.56. The composition according to claim 55 , wherein Uis hydrogen.57. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Yis selected from Calkylene and Calkylene.58. The composition according to claim 57 , wherein Uis —C(═O)OR.59. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Yis selected from Calkylene and Calkylene.60. The composition according to claim 59 , wherein Uis hydrogen.61. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Yis selected from Calkylene and Calkylene.62. The composition according to claim 61 , wherein Uis —C(═O)OR.63. (canceled)64. (canceled)65. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Rand R claim 44 , independently for each occurrence claim 44 , are selected from unsubstituted Cto Calkyl that is saturated or unsaturated claim 44 , and branched or unbranched.66. (canceled)67. The composition according to claim 65 , wherein Rand R claim 65 , independently for each occurrence claim 65 , are selected from unsubstituted Cto Calkyl that is saturated and branched.68. The composition according to claim 67 , wherein Rand Rare 2-ethylhexyl.6971-. (canceled)72. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Rand Rare hydrogen.73. The composition according to claim 44 , wherein Rand R ...

NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS DERIVED FROM LIGNIN

Technical lignin compositions and pyrolysis methods for forming such technical lignin compositions from pyrolyzed biomass are provided. The technical lignin compositions can include at least about 50 wt % phenolic polymers and/or at least about 75 wt % combined phenolic monomers and phenolic polymers. In some aspects, less than about 50 wt % of the linkages between benzylic units in the phenolic polymers and/or in the composition can correspond to β-O-4 linkages. At least about 50 wt% of the hydroxyl groups in the composition can correspond to phenolic hydroxyl groups. At least about 60 wt % of the phenolic hydroxyl groups and/or phenolic ether groups can correspond to phenolic hydroxyl groups and/or phenolic ether groups in an ortho position relative to at least one substituent. 1. A technical lignin composition comprising:at least about 60 wt % phenolic polymers, at least about 75 wt % combined phenolic monomers and phenolic polymers, or a combination thereof,at least about 50 wt % of the hydroxyl groups in the technical lignin composition comprising phenolic hydroxyl groups,at least about 60% of the phenolic hydroxyl groups comprising a phenolic hydroxyl group in an ortho position relative to at least one substituent,about 70% or less of linkages connecting benzylic units in the phenolic polymers comprising an ether group or a carbonyl group,about 50% or less of linkages connecting benzylic units in the phenolic polymers comprising β-O-4 linkages,the phenolic polymers further comprising a ratio of aromatic carbons to aliphatic carbons, exclusive of methoxy groups, of at least about 2.3.2. The technical lignin composition of claim 1 , wherein the combined phenolic monomers and phenolic polymers comprise an effective hydrogen index of about 1.0 or less.3. The technical lignin composition of claim 1 , wherein at least about 60% of the phenolic hydroxyl groups comprise a phenolic hydroxyl group in an ortho position relative to two substituents.4. The technical lignin ...

CRUDE OIL FRICTION REDUCER

A crude oil friction reducer is disclosed. The friction reducer includes water soluble anionic surfactants as active components and non-aromatic solvents. The water soluble anionic surfactants include anionic sulfonate surfactant and an anionic sulfate surfactant, such as anionic sodium sulfate surfactant, dissolved in an aqueous chelating solution. The friction reducer may also include a pH adjuster. The friction reducer is used with heavy and extra heavy crude oil. 1. A friction reducer composition for hydrocarbon fluids , the friction reducer composition comprising water soluble anionic surfactant dissolved in aqueous chelating solution of inorganic sodium salt.2. The friction reducer composition of claim 1 , wherein the water soluble anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of water soluble anionic sulfonate surfactant claim 1 , water soluble anionic sulfate surfactant claim 1 , and/or mixtures thereof.3. The friction reducer composition of claim 2 , wherein the water soluble anionic sulfate surfactant is a water soluble anionic sodium sulfate surfactant.4. The friction reducer composition of claim 1 , wherein the water soluble anionic surfactant is a mixture of water soluble anionic sulfonate surfactant and water soluble anionic alkyl ether sodium sulfate surfactant.5. The friction reducer composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous chelating solution of sodium salt is a sodium polyphosphate.6. The friction reducer composition of claim 1 , further comprising pH adjuster.7. The friction reducer composition of claim 6 , wherein the pH adjuster is a caustic metallic base.8. A method for reducing friction in a hydrocarbon fluid comprising treating the hydrocarbon fluid with a friction reducer composition comprising water soluble anionic surfactant dissolved in aqueous chelating solution of inorganic sodium salt.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the water soluble anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of water soluble anionic ...

POLYMER FOR LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME

A polymer comprises a polymeric backbone, at least one piperidine ester moiety extending from the polymeric backbone, and generally at least one Cto Cester moiety extending from the polymeric backbone. The polymer is useful for adjusting the total base number and viscosity index of a lubricant composition. The lubricant composition generally comprises a base oil in addition to the polymer. A method of forming the polymer comprises the steps of providing a first component and providing a second component. The first component comprises at least one of A1) a piperidine methacrylate, or A2) a methacrylate. The second component comprises at least one of B) a Cto Cmethacrylate. Optionally, the method further comprises the step of providing a third component, which comprises at least one of C) a piperidine-ol. The method further comprises at least one reaction step involving the aforementioned components to form the polymer. 120-. (canceled)21. A method of forming a polymer for adjusting the total base number (TBN) and viscosity index (VI) of a lubricant composition , said method comprising the steps of: A1) a piperidine methacrylate, or', 'A2) a methacrylate different from the piperidine methacrylate A1);, 'providing a first component comprising at least one of'} {'sub': 8', '22, 'B) a Cto Cmethacrylate;'}, 'providing a second component different from the first component and comprising'} 'C) a piperidine-ol; and', 'optionally, providing a third component comprising'}i) reacting the piperidine methacrylate A1) with the second component B) to form the polymer, wherein A1) and B) are reacted in a molar ratio (A1:B) of from about 15:85 to 25:75; and/orii) reacting the methacrylate A2) with the second component B) to form a reaction intermediate and reacting the reaction intermediate with the third component to form the polymer.22. The method as set forth in claim 21 , wherein the first component comprises the piperidine methacrylate A1) and wherein the piperidine methacrylate ...

THREADED METALLIC FASTENER AND PROCESS FOR COATING A THREADED METALLIC FASTENER

A metallic fastener has a threaded portion coated with a composition. The composition includes (a) a paraffin wax with a melting temperature in the range of 50 to 70° C. (b) 1 to 5 parts by weight (pbw) of a resin per pbw of paraffin wax, (c) 0.1 to 0.25 pbw graphite per pbw of paraffin wax, and (d) 0.05 to 0.30 pbw of an FDA-approved silica per pbw of paraffin wax. A process for coating the metallic fastener includes: (i) providing the composition as defined above, (ii) maintaining the fastener or bringing it to a temperature in the range of 30 to 70° C., (iii) applying the composition at a temperature in the range of 100 to 170° C., (iv) optionally, removing surplus composition, (v) cooling the fastener to less than 100° C., (vi) finishing the fastener in a water bath, and (vii) drying the fastener. 1. A metallic fastener means comprising a threaded portion , wherein at least part of the threaded portion is coated with a composition which is hard and touch-proof at ambient temperature , and wherein the components and their amounts meet the requirements of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as set in 2015 and which essentially consists of:(a) a paraffin wax with a congealing temperature as determined by ASTM method D938-71 (reapproved 1981) in the range of 50 to 70° C.,(b) 1 to 5 parts by weight (pbw) of a resin per pbw of paraffin wax,(c) 0.1 to 0.25 pbw graphite per pbw of paraffin wax, and(d) 0.05 to 0.30, preferably 0.08 to 0.25 pbw of an FDA-approved silica per pbw of paraffin wax.2. The fastener according to claim 1 , wherein the resin is selected from the group consisting of rosin claim 1 , glycerine rosin ester claim 1 , synthetic polyterpene resin claim 1 , C-aromatic hydrocarbon resin claim 1 , C-aliphatic hydrocarbon resin claim 1 , mixed C-aromatic/C-aliphatic resin and mixtures thereof.3. The fastener according to claim 2 , wherein the resin consists of colophony or damar.4. The fastener according to claim 1 , wherein the silica is fumed silica.5. ...

Lubricating Composition Containing Viscosity Modifier Combination

The present invention relates to a lubricating composition containing (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity, (b) a star polymer and (c) a substantially linear polymer with a weight average molecular weight of 45,000 or less. The invention further provides a method of lubricating a mechanical device, typically a manual transmission with the lubricating composition. The invention further provides for the use of the lubricating composition to provide a number of benefits including lower operating temperatures and fuel economy.

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY HIGH PRESSURE LUBRICANT ADDITIVE

Prior high pressure lubricant additives have contained short-chained chlorinated paraffins which are toxic and harmful to the environment. An environmentally friendly high pressure lubricant additives is provided by combining 74.5% to 84.5% by weight chlorinated alkanes, such as PAROIL 310 NR or PAROIL 353 NR, and from 15.5% to 25.5% by weight mineral oil. The high pressure lubricant additive can be added to motor oil, or other lubricants such as hydraulic fluid, cutting oil, gear box oil, automatic transmission fluid and penetrating oil 1. A high pressure lubricant additive comprising from 74.5% to 84.5% by weight chlorinated alkanes , and from 15.5% to 25.5% by weight mineral oil.2. The high pressure lubricant additive of wherein the mineral oil comprises vitamin E.3. The high pressure lubricant additive of further comprising about 0.05% by weight aloe vera.4. The high pressure lubricant additive of wherein said chlorinated alkane is PAROIL 310 NR or PAROIL 353 NR.5. The high pressure lubricant additive of comprising from 84 to 85% PAROIL 310 NR by weight claim 1 , and 15 to 16% mineral oil by weight6. The high pressure lubricant additive of comprising approximately 84.5% by weight PAROIL 310NR claim 5 , and 15.5% by weight mineral oil.7. A lubricant comprising the high pressure lubricant additive of wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of greases claim 1 , motor oil claim 1 , hydraulic oil and fluid claim 1 , cutting oil claim 1 , metal cutting lubricants claim 1 , machine oil claim 1 , industrial gear lubricants. gear box oil claim 1 , automatic transmission fluid claim 1 , power steering fluid and penetrating oil.8. The lubricant of comprising a motor oil and 3 to 6% by weight of the high pressure lubricant additive of .9. The lubricant of comprising about 5% by weight of the high pressure lubricant additive of .10. The lubricant of comprising one part of by weight of the high pressure lubricant additive of and between 10 and 30 parts of ...

HYDROGENATED POLYMERS WITH A RADIAL STRUCTURE HAVING A CORE BASED ON CALIXARENES AND USE THEREOF IN LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS

Hydrogenated polymers with a radial structure having a core made up of calixarenes of the general formula (I), to the core of which is linked a number P of hydrogenated linear polymer segments selected from: —hydrogenated homopolymers or co-polymers of conjugated dienes; or —hydrogenated co-polymers of said conjugated dienes and monoalkenyl arenes, and —mixtures thereof said formula (I) in which: —R, R, Rand Rare independently selected from hydrogen; a group containing carbon and hydrogen; a group also containing heteroatoms in addition to carbon and hydrogen; a group also containing silicon in addition to carbon, hydrogen and heteroatoms; —one of the two substituents Rand Ris hydrogen, while the other may be hydrogen or alkyl, with a number of carbon atoms between 1 and 6, preferably methyl and ethyl; —n is an integer in the range between 4 and 16. 118-. (canceled)20. Lubricant composition containing one or more radial polymers according to in solution with one or more lubricant base oils.21. Lubricant composition according to claim 20 , in which the lubricant base oils are selected from synthetic oils claim 20 , mineral oils claim 20 , vegetable oils claim 20 , or oils of animal origin and mixtures thereof.22. Lubricant composition according to claim 19 , in which the hydrogenated radial polymers are used in a total concentration claim 19 , expressed as a weight percentage of the polymer in the finished lubricant oil claim 19 , between 0.1 and 5.23. Lubricant composition according to further containing one or more additives selected from detergent additives claim 19 , dispersant additives claim 19 , antioxidant additives claim 19 , friction-modifier additives claim 19 , antiwear and extreme pressure additives claim 19 , corrosion inhibitors claim 19 , pour point-depressant additives claim 19 , foam inhibitors or emulsifiers. The present invention relates to hydrogenated polymers with a radial structure having a core based on calixarenes and to the method for the ...

CLEAN SUGAR AND LIGNIN FROM NON-CHEMICALLY PRETREATED LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS

Methods of producing clean (e.g., low sulfur and metal ion content, and free of fermentation inhibitors) sugar and lignin-rich streams, and downstream conversion products, from lignocellulosic biomass, may include obtaining non-chemically pretreated, milled lignocellulosic biomass, reacting the milled lignocellulosic biomass with an enzymatic agent to produce a slurry that includes converted monomeric lignocellulosic sugars and lignin-rich residuals, and separating the slurry into a sugar stream that includes the converted monomeric lignocellulosic sugars and a lignin-rich stream that includes the lignin-rich residuals. The sugar stream, not including water, includes at least 75% monomeric lignocellulosic sugar, less than 0.20% sulfur, and less than 3.0% metal ion content, and the lignin-rich stream includes at least 35% lignin and less than 0.50% sulfur. Some methods include producing fermentation products such as alcohols and/or organic acids from the sugar stream, and/or use of the lignin residuals in fuels. 1. A lignocellulosic sugar composition produced from lignocellulosic biomass , the lignocellulosic sugar composition , not including water , comprising at least 75% monomeric lignocellulosic sugar and having a sulfur content less than about 0.20%.2. The lignocellulosic sugar composition of claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic sugar composition claim 1 , not including water claim 1 , comprises at least 85% monomeric lignocellulosic sugar.3. The lignocellulosic sugar composition of claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic sugar composition claim 1 , not including water claim 1 , comprises at least 90% monomeric lignocellulosic sugar.4. The lignocellulosic sugar composition of claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic sugar composition claim 1 , not including water claim 1 , includes less than 3.0% metal ion content.5. The lignocellulosic sugar composition of claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic sugar composition is aqueous claim 1 , and has a sugar titer of at least ...

WIRE ROPE LUBRICANT

A wire rope lubricant having a base fluid as a majority component, and a wax or polymer as a minority component wherein at least one of the base fluid and the wax, or polymer, is biodegradable. A method of forming a wire rope having a plurality of wire strands, the method including the step of applying the wire rope lubricant between the wire strands. 1. A wire rope lubricant comprising a majority base fluid component of a vegetable oil and a minority of a wax or polymer component , wherein the wax or polymer component comprises 2-10 wt % of the lubricant , and at least one of the base fluid and the wax or polymer is biodegradable according to the Appendix A of the USA EPA 2013 Vessel General Permit (VGP) regulation; and one or more additives of the group comprising: anticorrosive , anti-oxidant and anti-wear additives.2. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the wax or polymer component is biodegradable.3. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the wax is a plant based.4. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the wax is based on plant oil or plant material.5. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein wax is one or more of: carnauba wax claim 4 , rice wax claim 4 , candililla wax claim 4 , animal waxes claim 4 , mineral waxes or synthetic waxes.6. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the wax is carnauba wax.7. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the wax or polymer component comprises 2-15 wt % of the lubricant.8. The wire rope lubricant as claimed wherein the wax or polymer has a melting point in the range 70-100° C.9. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the base fluid is biodegradable oil.10. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the base fluid has a viscosity in the range 450-2000 cSt at 40° C.11. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the base fluid has a viscosity in the range 800-900 cSt at 40° C.12. The wire rope lubricant as claimed in wherein the lubricant includes one or more additives ...

Biological method for preventing rancidity, spoilage and instability of hydrocarbon and water emulsions and for increasing the lubricity of the same

A hydrocarbon and water emulsion comprising at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid. 1. A hydrocarbon and water emulsion comprising at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid.2Pseudomonas. The hydrocarbon and water emulsion of claim 1 , further comprising at least one bacterium species from genus claim 1 , wherein the at least one bacterium species is dominant in the emulsion.3. The hydrocarbon and water emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid comprised by the emulsion is about 0.1 to 10 percent claim 1 , by weight.4. The hydrocarbon and water emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid is from a group consisting of copper naphtenate claim 1 , copper adipate and copper succinate.5. The hydrocarbon and water emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid is a copper salt of fatty acid claim 1 , which is from a group consisting of copper caprylate claim 1 , copper levirate claim 1 , copper palmitate claim 1 , copper stearate claim 1 , copper oleate and copper cruciate.6PseudomonasPseudomonasPseudomonas. The hydrocarbon and water emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the at least one bacterium species is from a group consisting of Pseudoalcaligenes claim 1 , Fluorescens and Putida.7. The hydrocarbon and water emulsion of claim 2 , wherein the at least one bacterium species is added to the emulsion as a preculture amounting to about 0.01 to 10 percent claim 2 , by weight. This application is a division of and claims the benefit of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 14/054,148, filed on Oct. 15, 2013, which claims priority to the foreign patent application no. 13915014000309916, filed in Iran on Feb. 24, 2013, which are hereby incorporated by reference, to the extent that they are not conflicting with the present application.Not ApplicableNot Applicable1. Field of the InventionThe invention relates generally to hydrocarbon and water emulsions ...

Dandelion processes, compositions and products

Dandelion processes, compositions and products are provided. One process is a method of preparing dandelion that utilizes a species of a genus, the process including the steps of extracting and recovering a rubber and a carbohydrate from a dandelion root substantially simultaneously. The process employs a dandelion species that is selected from the group consisting of: -, a rubber-bearing species of the genus , and a combination of two or more thereof. This Abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the Abstract requirement rules that allow a reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure contained herein. This Abstract is submitted with the explicit understanding that it will not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims. 1. A process of preparing a species of dandelion , the process comprising the steps of:providing a plurality of fresh or refrigerated dandelion roots, where a rubber in the plurality of dandelion root has not been substantially coagulated;chopping or shredding the plurality of dandelion roots into a plurality of particles or strings;mixing the plurality of particles or strings of dandelion roots with cold water at a temperature below 25° C. and a pH between 8.0 and 12.0 to create a slurry;adding at least one chemical to the slurry;shearing the slurry in an extruder to form an extraction solution containing at least a dandelion plant fiber and the rubber;passing the extraction solution through a screen to separate a majority of the dandelion plant fiber from the extraction solution; andrecovering the rubber from the extraction solution by introducing the extraction solution to a first rubber separator.2. The process of claim 1 , where the recovered rubber is purified and concentrated to a solids content of greater than 40%.3. The process of claim 1 , where the step of chopping or shredding the plurality of dandelion roots into a plurality of particles or strings results in the ...

BIO-BASED LUBRICANTS

The invention provides biobased lubricants comprising the reaction product of a natural oil, fatty acid or derivative having unsaturation sites with a suitable substrate such as maleic anhydride that is capable of undergoing an “ene” or Diels Alder reaction with the natural oil to form an adduct; followed by a controlled non-aqueous neutralization with a suitable inorganic base such as lithium hydroxide. 2. The natural oil based lubricants of claim 1 , wherein said natural oil is selected from the group consisting of soybean oil claim 1 , linseed oil claim 1 , safflower oil claim 1 , sunflower oil claim 1 , avocado oil claim 1 , rapeseed oil claim 1 , castor oil claim 1 , tall oil claim 1 , rosin oil and tung oil.3. The natural oil based lubricant of claim 1 , wherein said substrate is selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride claim 1 , itaconic acid claim 1 , itaconic anhydride claim 1 , acrylic and methacrylic acid claim 1 , fumaric acid claim 1 , aconitic acid claim 1 , citraconic acid claim 1 , maleimide and maleamic acid.4. The natural oil based lubricants of claim 2 , wherein said natural oil is soybean oil.5. The natural oil based lubricants of claim 2 , wherein said natural oil is linseed oil.6. The natural oil based lubricants of claim 2 , wherein said natural oil is safflower oil.7. The natural oil based lubricants of claim 2 , wherein said natural oil is avocado oil.8. The natural oil based lubricants of claim 2 , wherein said natural oil is sunflower oil.9. The natural oil based lubricants of claim 3 , wherein said substrate is maleic anhydride.10. A method for making lubricants based on natural oils and derivatives thereof comprising:(a) reacting the natural oil fatty acid or derivative a suitable substrate that is capable of undergoing an “ene” or Diels Alder reaction with the natural oil to form an adduct; and(b) subjecting the product of step (a) to a controlled non-aqueous neutralization with a suitable inorganic base.11. The method of ...

Microalgal Compositions and Uses Thereof

Provided are microalgal compositions and methods for their use. The microalgal compositions include lubricants that find use in industrial and other applications. 1. A metal working lubricant comprising an oleaginous microbial biomass , wherein the oleaginous microbial biomass comprises intact cells containing at least 50% triglyceride oil by dry cell weight.2. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of a spray oil claim 1 , food grade lubricant claim 1 , a railroad lubricant claim 1 , a gear lubricant claim 1 , a bearing lubricant claim 1 , crankcase lubricant claim 1 , a cylinder lubricant claim 1 , a compressor lubricant claim 1 , a turbine lubricant claim 1 , a chain lubricant claim 1 , an oven chain lubricant claim 1 , wire rope lubricant claim 1 , a conveyor lubricant claim 1 , a combustion engine lubricant claim 1 , an electric motor lubricant claim 1 , a total-loss lubricant claim 1 , a textile lubricant claim 1 , a heat transfer fluid claim 1 , a release agent claim 1 , a hydraulic fluid claim 1 , a metal working fluid claim 1 , and a grease.3. The lubricant of to claim 1 , comprising one or more of an anti-oxidant claim 1 , a corrosion inhibitor claim 1 , a metal deactivator claim 1 , a binder claim 1 , a chelating agent claim 1 , a metal chelator claim 1 , an oxygen scavenger claim 1 , an anti-wear agent claim 1 , an extreme pressure resistance additive claim 1 , an anti-microbial agent claim 1 , a biocide claim 1 , a bacteriocide claim 1 , a fungicide claim 1 , a pH adjuster claim 1 , an emulsifier claim 1 , a lubricity agent claim 1 , a vegetable oil claim 1 , a petroleum derived oil claim 1 , a high viscosity petroleum hydrocarbon oil claim 1 , a petroleum derivative claim 1 , a pour point depressant claim 1 , a moisture scavenger claim 1 , a defoamers claim 1 , an anti-misting agent claim 1 , an odorant claim 1 , a surfactant claim 1 , a humectant claim 1 , a rheology modifier claim 1 , or a colorant.4. ( ...

REMOVAL OF METALS FROM LIQUID PYROLYSIS OIL

The present disclosure generally relates to removing metals from liquid-phase pyrolysis oil, such as at or near room temperatures. Specifically, some embodiments of the disclosure relate to a method and a system for removing metals from pyrolysis oil using acidic ion-exchange resins. One embodiment relates to a method for removing metals from pyrolysis oil comprising combining pyrolysis oil and an organic solvent to form a pyrolysis oil mixture and removing metal from the pyrolysis oil mixture to produce a reduced metal content pyrolysis oil mixture. In some embodiments, the removing of the metal uses a strongly acid ion-exchange resin. 1. A method for removing metals from pyrolysis oil comprising{'sup': '2', 'combining pyrolysis oil and an organic solvent to form a pyrolysis oil mixture having a kinematic viscosity at 20° C. less than 60 mm/s; and'}removing the metals from the pyrolysis oil mixture to produce a reduced metal content pyrolysis oil mixture.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein removing the metals from the pyrolysis oil mixture comprises using an acidic ion-exchange resin.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the acidic ion-exchange resin is a strongly acid ion-exchange resin.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mixing the pyrolysis oil and the organic solvent together prior to removing the metals.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the mixing is active or passive.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis oil mixture comprises 40-95% pyrolysis oil and 5-60% organic solvent.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is ethanol claim 1 , propanol claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the pyrolysis oil mixture comprises 5-40% ethanol.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pyrolysis oil mixture comprises 10-20% ethanol.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent comprises ethylene glycol and acetone.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the pyrolysis oil mixture comprises 40-50% pyrolysis oil ...

PRESS-FIT LUBRICANT COMPOSITION

There is provided a press-fit lubricant composition comprising an unsaturated compound with an iodine value of 100 or more. 1. A press-fit lubricant composition comprising an unsaturated compound with an iodine value of 100 or more.2. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated compound is a drying oil or a semi-drying oil.3perilla. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated compound is selected from the group consisting of squalene claim 1 , docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) claim 1 , tung oil claim 1 , linseed oil claim 1 , oil claim 1 , castor oil claim 1 , safflower oil claim 1 , sunflower oil claim 1 , benne oil claim 1 , rapeseed salad oil claim 1 , soybean oil claim 1 , cottonseed oil claim 1 , rice bran oil claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.4. The press-fit lubricant composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of peroxides claim 1 , azides claim 1 , metallic soaps claim 1 , inorganic acids claim 1 , Lewis acids claim 1 , organometallic compounds claim 1 , sulfur claim 1 , sulfur compounds claim 1 , amines claim 1 , thiol compounds claim 1 , organophosphorus compounds claim 1 , imidazole compounds claim 1 , olefin claim 1 , cyclic ethers claim 1 , methacrylic acid compounds claim 1 , acrylic acid compounds claim 1 , isocyanate compounds claim 1 , silicone compounds claim 1 , phenol compounds claim 1 , urethane compounds claim 1 , azonitriles claim 1 , azoesters claim 1 , azoamides claim 1 , azoamidines claim 1 , azoimidazoliums claim 1 , benzoin derivatives claim 1 , benzyl ketals claim 1 , α-hydroxyacetophenones claim 1 , α-aminoacetophenones claim 1 , acylphosphone oxides claim 1 , titanocenes claim 1 , iodonium salts claim 1 , sulfonium salts claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The press-fit lubricant composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a thickener.6. An electrical contact point wherein the lubricant composition according to is applied ...

ANTICORROSIVE AGENT AND TERMINAL FITTED ELECTRIC WIRE

An anticorrosive agent including: a high-consistency material having a lubricant base oil and an amide compound, a composition of a phosphorus compound comprising one or more compounds represented by the general formulae (1) and (2) and a metal, and at least one kind of resin selected from a rosin-based resin, a terpene resin, a terpene phenol resin, a phenol resin, a coumarone-indene resin, and a petroleum resin, wherein a mass ratio of the high-consistency material and the composition is within a range of 50:50 to 98:2, and a content of resin is 2 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total of the high-consistency material and the composition. 2. The anticorrosive agent according to claim 1 , wherein the agent has a softening point in the range of 100° C. to 150° C.3. The anticorrosive agent according to claim 1 , wherein the amide compound comprises one or more compounds represented by the following general formulae (3) to (5):{'br': None, '[Chem. 3]'}{'br': None, 'sup': 21', '22, 'R—CO—NH—R\u2003\u2003(3)'}{'br': None, '[Chem. 4]'}{'br': None, 'sup': 23', '31', '24, 'R—CO—NH—Y—NH—CO—R\u2003\u2003(4)'}{'br': None, '[Chem. 5]'}{'br': None, 'sup': 25', '32', '26, 'R—NH—CO—YCO—O—NH—R\u2003\u2003(5)'}{'sup': 21', '26', '22', '31', '32, 'where Rto Reach represent independently a saturated or unsaturated linear hydrocarbon group having 5 to 25 carbon atoms, Rmay be hydrogen, and Yand Yrepresent a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms selected from an alkylene group and a phenylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkylphenylene group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms.'}4. The anticorrosive agent according to claim 1 , wherein the amide compound is a fatty acid amide having a melting point within a range of 20° C. to 200° C.5. The anticorrosive agent according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus compound has one or more branched linear structures or one or more carbon-carbon double bond structures in the structure of the ...

COFFEE LUBRICANT HAVING NANOPARTICLES

A coffee lubricant having nanoparticles is provided. It consists of 36 to 40 wt % of glycerin, 1 to 7 wt % of gum arabic, 0.3 to 1.3 wt % of nanoparticles, and remaining part of coffee biofuel. In which, the nanoparticles are CuO. The coffee biofuel is extracted from coffee dregs and has a viscosity of 60 to 70 cSt at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius. It can reduce the friction coefficient and operating temperature. In addition, it can replace the mineral oil. 1. A coffee lubricant having nanoparticles consisting of:[a] 36 to 40 wt % of glycerin;[b] 1 to 7 wt % of gum arabic;[c] 0.3 to 1.3 wt % of nanoparticles; and[d] remaining part of coffee biofuel;wherein said nanoparticles are CuO;said coffee biofuel is extracted from coffee dregs and has a viscosity of 60 to 70 cSt at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius.2. The coffee lubricant having nanoparticles as defined in claim 1 , wherein:said coffee biofuel is 58.6 wt %;said glycerin is 39.0 wt %;said gum arabic is 2.0 wt %; andsaid nanoparticles is 0.4 wt %.3. The coffee lubricant having nanoparticles as defined in claim 1 , wherein:said coffee biofuel is 58.1 wt %;said glycerin is 38.8 wt %;said gum arabic is 1.9 wt %; andsaid nanoparticles is 1.2 wt %.4. The coffee lubricant having nanoparticles as defined in claim 1 , wherein:said coffee biofuel is 55.7 wt %;said glycerin is 37.1 wt %;said gum arabic is 6.1 wt %; andsaid nanoparticles is 1.1 wt %. The present invention relates to a coffee lubricant having nanoparticles. It can reduce the friction coefficient and operating temperature. In addition, it can replace the mineral oil.The traditional lubricant consists of a base oil and one or more additives. Most of the base oil is mineral oil. The additive could be antifoaming agent, diffusion agent, antioxidants, detergent, or rust inhibitor. The function of the traditional lubricant is to use in automobile engines, motorbike engines, and all kinds of machines, in order to reduce the friction between machine parts. ...

HYDROGENATED POLYMERS WITH A RADIAL STRUCTURE HAVING A CORE BASED ON CALIXARENES AND USE THEREOF IN LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS

Hydrogenated polymers with a radial structure having a core made up of calixarenes of the general formula (I), to the core of which is linked a number P of hydrogenated linear polymer segments selected from: —hydrogenated homopolymers or co-polymers of conjugated dienes; or —hydrogenated co-polymers of said conjugated dienes and monoalkenyl arenes, and —mixtures thereof said formula (I) in which: —R, R, Rand Rare independently selected from hydrogen; a group containing carbon and hydrogen; a group also containing heteroatoms in addition to carbon and hydrogen; a group also containing silicon in addition to carbon, hydrogen and heteroatoms; —one of the two substituents Rand Ris hydrogen, while the other may be hydrogen or alkyl, with a number of carbon atoms between 1 and 6, preferably methyl and ethyl; —n is an integer in the range between 4 and 16. 118-. (canceled)20. Lubricant composition containing one or more radial polymers according to in solution with one or more lubricant base oils.21. Lubricant composition according to claim 20 , in which the lubricant base oils are selected from synthetic oils claim 20 , mineral oils claim 20 , vegetable oils claim 20 , or oils of animal origin and mixtures thereof.22. Lubricant composition according to claim 19 , in which the hydrogenated radial polymers are used in a total concentration claim 19 , expressed as a weight percentage of the polymer in the finished lubricant oil claim 19 , between 0.1 and 5.23. Lubricant composition according to further containing one or more additives selected from detergent additives claim 19 , dispersant additives claim 19 , antioxidant additives claim 19 , friction-modifier additives claim 19 , antiwear and extreme pressure additives claim 19 , corrosion inhibitors claim 19 , pour point-depressant additives claim 19 , foam inhibitors or emulsifiers. The present invention relates to hydrogenated polymers with a radial structure having a core based on calixarenes and to the method for the ...

Oil soluble comb polymers

The invention relates to comb polymers which comprise, in the main chain, repeating units which are derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers, and repeating units which are derived from low molecular monomers which are selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 - 17 carbon atoms, alkyl(meth)acrylates having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, vinyl esters having 1 - 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group, vinyl ethers having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (Di)alkylfumarates having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (Di)alkylmaleates having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group and mixtures of said monomers. The molar branching degree lies in the region between 0.1 - 10 mol. % and the comb polymer represents the sum of at least 80 wt. %, in relation to the weight of the repeating units, on repeating units which are derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers, and repeating units which are selected from low molecular monomers which are selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 - 17 carbon atoms, alkyl(meth)acrylates having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, vinyl esters having 1 - 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group, vinyl ethers having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (Di)alkylfumarates having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (Di)alkylmaleates having 1 - 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, and mixtures of said monomers.

木質系成形品の製造方法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Oil-soluble comb polymers

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Kammpolymer, umfassend in der Hauptkette Wiederholungseinheiten, die von Polyolefin-basierten Makromonomeren abgeleitet sind, und Wiederholungseinheiten, die von niedermolekularen Monomeren, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus Styrolmonomeren mit 8 bis 17 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkyl(meth)acrylaten mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe, Vinylestern mit 1 bis 11 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Acrylgruppe, Vinylethern mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe, (Di)alkylfumuraten mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe, (Di)alkylmaleate mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe sowie Mischungen dieser Monomeren abgeleitet sind, wobei der molare Verzweigungsgrad im Bereich von 0,1 bis 10 Mol.-% liegt und das Kammpolymer in Summe mindestens 80 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Wiederholungseinheiten, an Wiederholungseinheiten, die von Polyolefin-basierten Makromonomeren abgleitet sind, und Wiederholungseinheiten, die von niedermolekularen Monomeren, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus Styrolmonomeren mit 8 bis 17 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkyl(meth)acrylaten mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe, Venylestern mit 1 bis 11 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Acrylgruppe, Vinylethern mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe, (Di)alkylfumaraten mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe, (Di)alkylmaleate mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkoholgruppe sowie Mischungen dieser ... The present invention relates to comb polymer comprising, in the main chain, repeating units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers and repeating units derived from low molecular weight monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 to 17 carbon atoms, alkyl (meth) acrylates having 1 up to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, vinyl esters with 1 to 11 carbon atoms in the acrylic group, vinyl ethers with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (di) alkyl fumurates ...

Alternating block copolymer and process for making

Provided is an alternating block copolymer. The alternating block copolymer has an olefin polymer block and an poly(alkyl methacrylate) block. The olefin polymer block has monomeric units of one or more alpha olefins of 2 to 12 carbon atoms that make up 90 wt% or more of the total weight of the olefin polymer block. The olefin polymer block exhibits a number average molecular weight of the olefin polymer block is 1000 to 500,000. The poly( alkyl methacrylate) block has monomeric units of one or more alkyl methacrylates with alkyl side chains of 1 to 100 carbon atoms that make up 90 wt% or more of the total weight of the poly(alkyl methacrylate) block. The poly(alkyl methacrylate) block exhibits a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 500,000. There is also provided a lubricant composition containing the alternating block copolymer and a process for making the alternating block copolymer.

Viscosity depressant and the method thereof

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention was conceived to solve the technical problems such as the conventional insufficient viscosity drop and the viscosity rise again within a few hours. Examples of the solvent include dichlorobenzene, toluene, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl cellosolve, At least one substance (A) selected from isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, acetone, chloroform, dimethylformamide, naphtha and kerosene; The present invention relates to a viscosity reducing agent composed of a catalyst material which is a mixture of a metal compound and a method for producing the same.

含有粘度改进剂组合的润滑组合物

本发明涉及含有粘度改进剂组合的润滑组合物，具体地涉及含有(a)具有润滑粘度的油、(b)星形聚合物和(c)重均分子量为45,000或更小的基本线性聚合物的润滑组合物。本发明进一步提供用该润滑组合物润滑机械装置，通常手动变速器的方法。本发明进一步提供该润滑组合物提供大量益处，包括较低的操作温度和燃料经济性的用途。

多功能接枝聚合物

本发明描述了可用作分散剂的多功能接枝聚合物的组合物和制备。所描述的分散剂适用于控制油泥和漆膜以及烟炱、摩擦和磨损。产物可用作润滑剂添加剂。

Polimeros "comb" solubles en aceite.

La presente invencion se refiere a polimeros tipo peine que incluyen en la cadena principal unidades reiteradas derivadas de macromonomeros a base de poliolefina, y unidades reiteradas derivadas de monomeros de bajo peso molecular seleccionados de entre el grupo integrado por monomeros de estireno con 8 a 17 atomos de carbono, alquil(met)acrilatos con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol, esteres de vinilo con 1 a 11 atomos de carbono en el grupo acilo, eteres de vinilo con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol., (di)alquilfumaratos con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol, (di)alquilmaleatos con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol asi como mezclas de estos monomeros, ubicandose el grado de ramificacion molar en el intervalo de 0.1 a 10% en moles incluyendo el polimero tipo peine en total cuando menos 80% en peso, referido al peso de las unidades reiteradas, de unidades reiteradas derivadas de macromonomeros a base de poliolefina, y de unidades reiteradas derivadas de monomeros de bajo peso molecular seleccionados de entre el grupo integrado por monomeros de estireno con 8 a 17 atomos de carbono, alquil(met)acrilatos con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol, esteres de vinilo con 1 a 11 atomos de carbono en el grupo acilo, eteres de vinilo con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol, (di)alquilfumaratos con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol, (di)alquilmaleatos con 1 a 10 atomos de carbono en el grupo alcohol asi como mezclas de estos monomeros.

Композиции термоассоциативных добавок, ассоциацию которых контролируют, и содержащие их смазочные композиции

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2019 115 257 A (51) МПК C10M 145/14 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2019115257, 21.11.2017 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 23.11.2016 FR 1661403 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 24.06.2019 (86) Заявка PCT: FR 2017/053189 (21.11.2017) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2018/096253 (31.05.2018) R U (54) КОМПОЗИЦИИ ТЕРМОАССОЦИАТИВНЫХ ДОБАВОК, АССОЦИАЦИЮ КОТОРЫХ КОНТРОЛИРУЮТ, И СОДЕРЖАЩИЕ ИХ СМАЗОЧНЫЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ (57) Формула изобретения 1. Композиция, полученная в результате смешивания по меньшей мере одного статистического сополимера полидиола А1, одного соединения А2, содержащего по меньшей мере две функциональные группы сложного эфира бороновой кислоты, одного экзогенного соединения A5, выбранного из соединений формулы (XI) , (XI) где Q представляет собой группу, выбранную из углеводородной группы, содержащей от 1 до 30 атомов углерода, необязательно замещенной одной или более группами, выбранными из гидроксила, группы -OJ или -C(O)-O-J, где J представляет собой углеводородную группу, содержащую от 1 до 24 атомов углерода, G4 и G5, которые могут быть одинаковыми или разными, представляют собой группы, выбранные из атома водорода, углеводородной цепи, содержащей от 1 до 24 атомов Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 9 1 1 5 2 5 7 A Адрес для переписки: 191002, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 5, ООО "Ляпунов и партнеры" 2 0 1 9 1 1 5 2 5 7 (72) Автор(ы): ДЕРУИНО Тибо (FR), БРИАН Фанни (FR), ДЕКРУА Грегори (FR), НИКОЛЕ Рено (FR) R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 24.12.2020 Бюл. № 36 (71) Заявитель(и): ТОТАЛЬ МАРКЕТИН СЕРВИС (FR), САНТР НАСЬОНАЛЬ ДЕ ЛА РЕШЕРШ СЬЯНТИФИК (FR), ЭКОЛЬ СЮПЕРЬЕР ДЕ ФИЗИК Э ДЕ ШИМИ ЭНДЮСТРИЭЛЬ ДЕ ЛА ВИЛЛЬ ДЕ ПАРИ (FR) углерода, гидроксила и группы -OJ или -C(O)-O-J, где J представляет собой углеводородную группу, содержащую от 1 до 24 атомов углерода, g представляет собой 0 или 1. 2. Композиция по п. 1, где экзогенное ...

Polymeric additives

PCT No. PCT/EP92/00406 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 27, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 27, 1993 PCT Filed Nov. 4, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO92/15623 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 17, 1992.There are disclosed middle distillate fuel oil compositions containing an additive being a copolymer of Mn 200-50,000 having a polymethylene backbone which may be O or N substituted and having nitrate, peroxide, nitrite or nitrosocarbonate side chains.

Concentrate of water-soluble lubricating-cooling liquid

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compositions of lubricant-coolant process media, in particular to lubricant-cooling liquids (LCL) concentrates, which are intended for preparation of aqueous emulsions used in machine building on operations of blade and abrasive processing of ferrous metals and their alloys. Composition of the concentrate of water-soluble LCL, which as an emulsifier contains a mixture of a fatty acid with triethanolamine, as a fatty acid – acids, extracted from sunflower oil by stripping, as a stabilizer – ethyl cellosolve and sodium hydroxide, and as anticorrosive additive contains neutral calcium sulphonate in following ratio of components, wt%: fatty acids from soap stocks of vegetable oils (VOFA) – 56–63, triethanolamine – 18–22, ethyl cellosolve – 18–22, caustic soda – 1–3, neutral calcium sulphonate – 0.3–0.7. EFFECT: task has been solved to create a composition having high stability and anticorrosion efficiency with respect to alloys from ferrous metals, as well as relatively low cost of using fatty acids formed by natural hydrolysis of sunflower oil and extracted from it by stripping without additional purification. 1 cl, 8 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) (19) RU (11) (13) 2 713 896 C1 (51) МПК C10M 159/08 (2006.01) C10M 129/04 (2006.01) C10M 129/16 (2006.01) C10M 133/08 (2006.01) C10M 125/10 (2006.01) C10M 101/04 (2006.01) C10N 40/20 (2006.01) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10M 159/08 (2019.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019118372, 13.06.2019 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 10.02.2020 (45) Опубликовано: 10.02.2020 Бюл. № 4 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Публичное акционерное общество "КАМАЗ" (RU) Адрес для переписки: 423827, РТ, г. Набережные Челны, пр. Автозаводский, 2, ПАО "КАМАЗ", НТЦ, БПЛиИР, И.Я. Бурганову C 1 2 7 1 3 8 9 6 R U (54) Концентрат водосмешиваемой смазочно-охлаждающей жидкости (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к составам ...

Многофункциональный привитой полимер, способ его получения (варианты) и содержащее его смазочное масло

1. Многофункциональный привитой полимер, образованный из:а. полимера, имеющего основную цепь, полимера, имеющего прививаемые участки и среднемассовую молекулярную массу в диапазоне примерно от 10000 до 500000;b. этиленненасыщенного алифатического или ароматического мономера, имеющего от 2 до примерно 50 атомов углерода и содержащего, по меньшей мере, один азот или кислород;с. связующего агента, выбранного из группы, состоящей из ацилирующих агентов и эпоксидов, и имеющий, по меньшей мере, два участки связывания компонентов, по меньшей мере один из которых является участком олефиновой ненасыщенности;d. амина, способного взаимодействовать со связующей группой на основной цепи полимера, который образован путем реакции между связующим агентом и полимером; ие. металлоорганического соединения, способного вступать в реакцию с полимером.2. Многофункциональный привитой полимер по п.1, у которого полимер выбран из группы, состоящей из полиолефинов, сложных полиэфиров, смешанных полимеров олефина и сложного эфира и их смесей.3. Многофункциональный привитой полимер по п.1, который содержит, по меньшей мере, один полимер, полученный из этилена, пропилена, изопрена, бутана, бутадиена, изобутилена, стирола, алкилметакрилата, алкилакрилата или их комбинаций.4. Многофункциональный привитой полимер по п.1, у которого полимер выбран из группы, состоящей из гомополимеров, сополимеров и терполимеров.5. Многофункциональный привитой полимер по п.1, при этом полимер имеет среднемассовую молекулярную массу примерно от 150000 до 200000.6. Многофункциональный привитой полимер по п.1, при этом указанная основная цепь полимера имеет полидисперсность при� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2012 139 660 A (51) МПК C08F 255/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012139660/04, 29.03.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): КАСТРОЛ ЛИМИТЕД (GB) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): САУЕР Ричард П. (US) 01.04.2010 US 61/ ...

Viscosity index improver, additive for lubricant and lubricating oil composition

本发明的粘度指数改进剂含有星形聚合物，该星形聚合物是通过使二乙烯基苯和包含甲基丙烯酸硬脂酯的甲基丙烯酸烷基酯反应而得到的、具有来源于前述二乙烯基苯的核部以及作为前述甲基丙烯酸烷基酯的聚合链的臂部。另外，本发明的润滑油用添加剂以及润滑油组合物含有上述粘度指数改进剂。

A lubricating oil additive composition and method of making the same

通过包括使共聚物与至少一种醚化合物和至少一种芳族化合物反应的方法制备的油溶性的润滑油添加剂组合物。

Biodegradable cyclic ester polymer graft lignocellulosic derivatives and preparation method thereof

본 발명은 생분해성 환상 에스테르계 고분자 그라프트 리그노 셀룰로오즈 유도체 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 즉, 다음의 일반식(Ⅰ)로 표현되는 생분해성 환상에스테르계 고분자 그라프트 리그노셀루로오즈 유도체로서, 일정 사용기간이 지나 자연계에 버려지면 미생물에 곧 분해되어 환경오염을 일으키지 않는 특성을 갖는다. 여기서,

BIODEGRADABLE SYNTHETIC ESTER BASE MATERIAL AND LUBRICANT THAT INCLUDES IT

Material base de éster sintético biodegradable que se prepara a partir de: 60-99% en peso de por lo menos un material base de éster sintéticobiodegradable que comprende el producto de reacción de: un alcohol lineal o ramificado que tiene lafórm ula general: R(OH)n, donde R es un grupo alifáticoo cicloalifático que tiene desde aproximadamente 2 a 20 átomos de carbono y n es por lo menos 2; y por lo menos un oxo ácido ramificado que tiene un númerode carbono en el rango de entreaproximadam ente C5 a C10 con la condición de que dicho oxo ácido ramificado no incluye ácido 2-etilhexanoico; donde elmaterial base de éster exhibe las siguientes propiedades: por lo menos 60% de biodegradación en 28 días medido por el ensayoModificado de Sturm; un puntode fluidez de menos de -25*C, y una viscosidad de menos de 7500 cps a -25*C; aproximadamente 1 a 20% en peso del paquete aditivo lubricante, yaproximadamente 0 a 20% de un solvente. Se describe además un lubricantesintético que se prepara a partir de dicho material base. Biodegradable synthetic ester base material prepared from: 60-99% by weight of at least one biodegradable synthetic ester base material comprising the reaction product of: a linear or branched alcohol having the general formula: R ( OH) n, where R is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group having from about 2 to 20 carbon atoms and n is at least 2; and at least one branched oxo acid having a carbon number in the range of from about C5 to C10 with the proviso that said branched oxo acid does not include 2-ethylhexanoic acid; where the ester base material exhibits the following properties: at least 60% biodegradation in 28 days as measured by the Modified Sturm test; a pour point of less than -25 * C, and a viscosity of less than 7500 cps at -25 * C; approximately 1 to 20% by weight of the lubricant additive package, and approximately 0 to 20% of a solvent. A synthetic lubricant is also described which is prepared from said base material.

Concentrate of water-lubricating-cooling liquid

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compositions of lubricant-coolant process agents, in particular to lubricant-cooling liquids (LCL) concentrates, which can be used in form of aqueous emulsions in machine building on operations of blade and abrasive processing of ferrous metals and their alloys. Content of the concentrate of water-mixed LCL, which as fatty acids contains non-distilled fatty acids, extracted from soap stocks of vegetable oils processing, emulsifier contains triethanolamine, as stabilizer contains ethyl cellosolve, as alkali metal hydroxide – sodium hydroxide, and as anticorrosion additive contains neutral calcium sulphonate at following ratio of components, wt%: fatty acids extracted from soap stocks of processing vegetable oils, non-distilled 20–40, triethanolamine 15–25, ethyl cellosolve 20–40, sodium hydroxide 0.5–1.5, neutral calcium sulphonate 0.3–0.7, technical sunflower oil 100. EFFECT: formulation of a composition which meets the quality requirements of a water-miscible LCL concentrate which has improved anticorrosive properties and high stability of the LCL obtained therefrom. 1 cl, 8 tbl, 15 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10M 159/08 C10M 101/04 C10M 129/00 C10M 129/02 C10M 133/02 (11) (13) 2 713 893 C1 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10M 159/08 (2019.08); C10M 101/04 (2019.08); C10M 129/00 (2019.08); C10M 129/02 (2019.08); C10M 133/02 (2019.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019117437, 04.06.2019 04.06.2019 Дата регистрации: 10.02.2020 (45) Опубликовано: 10.02.2020 Бюл. № 4 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Публичное акционерное общество "КАМАЗ" (RU) Адрес для переписки: 423827, РТ, г. Набережные Челны, пр. Автозаводский, 2, ПАО "КАМАЗ", НТЦ, БПЛиИР, И.Я. Бурганову C 1 2 7 1 3 8 9 3 R U (54) Концентрат водосмешиваемой смазочно-охлаждающей жидкости (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к составам смазочнонатр, а в ...

Polymerizable lactamic copolymers suitable for the formation of coatings on microencapsulated particles

This present application relates to microcapsules or compositions containing microcapsules wherein the microcapsules comprise a polymerizable lactamic copolymer. More particularly, certain aspects are directed to the use of polymerizable lactamic copolymers in the formation of coatings on microencapsulated particles. These polymerizable lactamic copolymers can result in surface modified microencapsulated particles that may be anionic, non-ionic, or cationic.

Association-controlled thermal association additive composition, and lubricating composition containing same

本发明涉及通过混合至少两种热缔合和可交换的化合物和至少一种能够控制这两种共聚物缔合的硼酸酯化合物获得的添加剂组合物；通过混合至少一种润滑基础油、至少两种热缔合和可交换的化合物和至少一种能够控制这两种共聚物缔合的硼酸酯化合物获得润滑组合物；一种调整通过混合至少一种润滑基础油和至少两种热缔合和可交换的化合物获得的润滑组合物的黏度的方法；以及硼酸酯化合物用于调整润滑组合物黏度的用途。

Method of producing microcrystalline cellulose

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method of producing microcrystalline cellulose involves dissolving 0.01-0.1 g/ml of cellulose in a 5.0-10.0 M aqueous solution of methanesulfonic acid followed by electrochemical purification at anode current densities of 0.005-0.01 A/cm 2 , filtering, drying and grinding the final product, microcrystalline cellulose. EFFECT: process of acid hydrolysis of cellulose in a solution of methanesulfonic acid is followed by electrochemical purification of the resulting material, using the method of electrochemical treatment of dissolved cellulose, the number of steps required for purification of microcrystalline cellulose is reduced, and no complex technical equipment is required for carrying out the processes. 5 dwg, 4 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 620 797 C1 (51) МПК C08B 15/00 (2006.01) C08B 1/00 (2006.01) D21C 9/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2016117432, 04.05.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 04.05.2016 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 04.05.2016 (45) Опубликовано: 29.05.2017 Бюл. № 16 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: ЕА 16516 В1, 30.05.2012. RU 2343160 C2, 10.01.2009. RU 2298562 С1, 10.05.2007. RU 2147057 С1, 27.03.2000. RO 86547 A, 30.03.1985. US 7005514 B2, 28.02.2006. C 1 R U А/см2, фильтрованием, высушиванием и измельчением конечного продукта микрокристаллической целлюлозы. Стр.: 1 C 1 (57) Формула изобретения Способ получения микрокристаллической целлюлозы, включающий растворение 0,01-0,1 г/мл целлюлозы в 5,0-10,0 М водном растворе метансульфокислоты с последующей электрохимической очисткой при плотностях анодного тока 0,005-0,01 2 6 2 0 7 9 7 (54) Способ получения микрокристаллической целлюлозы 2 6 2 0 7 9 7 Адрес для переписки: 367000, РД, г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 43А, ДГУ, УИСИД (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное ...

Olefin copolymer vi improvers and lubricant compositions and uses thereof

本发明涉及烯烃共聚物VI改进剂和润滑剂组合物及其用途，具体地涉及一种润滑油组合物和运行内燃机来提供改进的内燃机运行的方法。该润滑组合物包括主要量的润滑粘度的油和少量的至少一种烯烃共聚物，该共聚物的数均分子量大于大约10000，至多大约300000。该烯烃共聚物是用下面的成分来接枝的：(A)乙烯基取代的芳族化合物，和(B)选自C 5 -C 30 烯烃、聚亚烷基化合物及其混合物的化合物。该反应混合物中的A/B摩尔比是大约0.25∶1-大约5∶1。该润滑组合物任选包括少量的至少一种非接枝的烯烃共聚物，苯乙烯-异戊二烯共聚物，甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物，或者苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物，数均分子量大于大约50000，至多大约300000。

Manufacturing Method Of Saccharides Using Lignocellulose Biomass

본 발명은 리그노셀룰로스계 바이오매스를 이용한 당화합물의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 상세하게는 유성분쇄 방식, 또는 마멸분쇄 방식의 물리적 전처리 단계에 의하여 리그닌의 결합을 깨뜨리고 효소의 접근성을 높임으로써 독성 부산물의 발생과 바이오매스의 손실을 줄이고 당 수율을 향상시켜 생물전환을 통하여 친환경적으로 바이오연료를 생산할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 바이오매스의 농도, 분쇄 시간, 효소 처리시간 및 효소 사용량을 최적화하여 소요 에너지와 비용 및 공정시간을 최소화할 수 있는 리그노셀룰로스계 바이오매스를 이용한 당화합물의 제조방법에 대한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for preparing a sugar compound using a lignocellulosic biomass. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a sugar compound by lignin-cellulose biomass, It is possible to produce environmentally friendly biofuels through bioconversion by reducing the generation of biomass, loss of biomass, and sugar yield. By optimizing biomass concentration, grinding time, enzyme treatment time and enzyme usage, And a method for producing the sugar compound using the lignocellulosic biomass capable of minimizing the processing time.

Continuous pretreatments system of biomass

본 발명은 원료의 이송 통로로서 내부에 제1중공부가 형성된 이송부; 상기 이송부의 일측에 배치되어, 상기 원료가 공급되는 원료 공급부; 상기 제1중공부에 배치되고, 축회전에 의해 상기 원료의 이송 구동력을 제공하는 스크류 형상의 제1이송장치; 및 상기 이송부의 타측에 배치되어, 상기 원료를 배출하는 토출구; 를 포함하며, 상기 제1중공부의 일측은 소정영역에 스크류 형상의 제2이송장치가 상기 제1이송장치와 병렬로 배치되어 상기 원료를 파쇄 및 압출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 바이오매스 전처리 시스템에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 상기 바이오매스 전처리 시스템을 이용하여, 바이오매스를 전처리하는 바이오매스 전처리 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a feed passage for a raw material, comprising: a feed part having a first hollow part formed therein; A raw material supply unit disposed at one side of the transfer unit and supplied with the raw material; A first conveying device disposed in the first hollow portion and having a screw shape to provide a conveying driving force of the raw material by shaft rotation; And a discharge port disposed on the other side of the transfer unit for discharging the raw material; And a second conveying device in the form of a screw is arranged in parallel with the first conveying device on one side of the first hollow part to crush and extrude the raw material . The present invention relates to a biomass pretreatment method for pretreating biomass using the biomass pretreatment system.

Grease lubricant with improved anti-wear and extreme pressure properties and preparation method thereof

FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to grease which contains mineral or synthetic oil, thickener - polyurea and antiwear filler - wastes from production of mineral fertiliser - dehydrated phosphogypsum with following ratio of components, wt%: polyurea 1-15, dehydrated phosphogypsum - 2-70 and mineral or synthetic oil - balance. Present invention relates to a method of producing grease EFFECT: technical result of present invention is improved antiwear and antiscoring properties of disclosed lubricant when making lubricant using a simple method and recycling large-tonnage wastes-phosphogypsum. 2 cl, 11 ex, 3 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C10M 101/02 C10M 159/02 C10M 119/24 C10N 30/06 (13) 2 586 686 C2 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013133286/04, 18.07.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 18.07.2013 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.01.2015 Бюл. № 3 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Открытое акционерное общество "Электрогорский институт нефтепереработки" (ОАО "ЭлИНП") (RU) R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 18.07.2013 (72) Автор(ы): Нестеров Александр Васильевич (RU), Окнина Наталья Владимировна (RU), Кириллов Виктор Васильевич (RU) (45) Опубликовано: 10.06.2016 Бюл. № 16 2 5 8 6 6 8 6 R U (54) ПЛАСТИЧНАЯ СМАЗКА С УЛУЧШЕННЫМИ ПРОТИВОИЗНОСНЫМИ И ПРОТИВОЗАДИРНЫМИ СВОЙСТВАМИ И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ (57) Реферат: Настоящее изобретение относится к остальное. Также настоящее изобретение пластичной смазке, содержащей минеральное или относится к способу получения пластичной синтетическое масло, загуститель - полимочевину смазки Техническим результатом настоящего и противоизносный наполнитель - отход изобретения является улучшение производства минеральных удобрений противоизносных и противозадирных свойств обезвоженный фосфогипс при следующем заявляемой смазки при изготовлении смазки соотношении компонентов, % ...

Methods for Pretreating Lignocellulosic Biomass

본 발명은 탄산암모늄을 촉매로 하여 목질계 바이오매스를 전처리하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 자세하게는, 목질계 바이오매스에 포함되어 있는 헤미셀룰로오스와 리그닌을 분해하여 당화하기에 적합하도록 바이오매스를 전처리하기 위하여, 이산화탄소 포집과정을 통해 이산화탄소와 암모니아가 반응하여 생성된 탄산암모늄과 목질계 바이오매스를 반응시켜, 목질계 바이오매스를 전처리하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 암모늄을 이용하여 이산화탄소를 포집하여 이산화탄소를 저감하며, 암모늄을 재사용할 수 있어 전처리효율을 높이며, 탄산암모늄 분리 공정과 전처리 공정이 결합 되어 두 공정에 사용되는 각각의 사용에너지보다 적게 투입되어, 공정 운영 비용을 낮출 수 있다. The present invention relates to a method for pre-treating a wood-based biomass using ammonium carbonate as a catalyst, and more specifically, to pre-treat the biomass to be suitable for decomposing and saccharifying hemicellulose and lignin contained in the wood-based biomass. , It relates to a method of pre-treating wood-based biomass by reacting ammonium carbonate and wood-based biomass produced by the reaction of carbon dioxide and ammonia through a carbon dioxide capture process. According to the present invention, carbon dioxide is collected by using ammonium to reduce carbon dioxide, and ammonium can be reused to increase the pretreatment efficiency, and the ammonium carbonate separation process and the pretreatment process are combined to reduce the energy used for each of the two processes. Input, it can lower the process operation cost.

Thermally associative and exchangeable copolymers, compositions comprising the same

由混合至少一种共聚物A1和至少一种包含至少两个硼酸酯官能团的化合物A2得到的组合物，所述共聚物A1由至少一种被二醇官能团官能化的单体和至少一种苯乙烯属单体的共聚得到。所述组合物具有非常多变的流变性质，其取决于所使用的化合物A1和A2的比例。由混合至少一种润滑油与缔合和交换的聚合物的组合物得到的组合物，以及该组合物用于润滑机械部件的用途。

Conservative grease for metallic surfaces of machines

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: conservative lubricant for metal surfaces of machines containing mineral oil, petrolatum petroleum, an anti-corrosion additive is proposed, which is characterized in that it contains M-11 as a mineral oil, as an anti-rust additive, includes an additive MNI-7, and additionally contains a precipitate, formed on the walls of pipelines during the transportation of oil, with the following ratio of components wt %: Petrolatum oil 10.0-14.0; Additive MNI-7 0.5-1.5; Sediment formed on the walls of pipelines during oil transportation 25.0-35.0; Oil M-11 - the rest. The proposed preservative grease, in comparison with the prototype, has a higher dropping point, as well as an upper temperature limit of use. At the same time, an available raw material component is used in the composition of the lubricant - an oil sediment formed on the walls of pipelines during the transportation of oil, which is an oil waste. EFFECT: significant reduction in the cost of lubrication and the expansion of raw materials. 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 621 046 C1 (51) МПК C10M 101/00 (2006.01) C10M 159/06 (2006.01) C10N 30/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2016129351, 19.07.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.07.2016 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 19.07.2016 Адрес для переписки: 111116, Москва, ул. Авиамоторная, 6, АО "ВНИИ НП", Научно-технический отдел, Троицкой Н.И. (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: Топлива, смазочные материалы, C 1 2 6 2 1 0 4 6 (54) КОНСЕРВАЦИОННАЯ СМАЗКА ДЛЯ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ МАШИН (57) Формула изобретения Консервационная смазка для металлических поверхностей машин, содержащая минеральное масло, петролатум нефтяной, антикоррозионную присадку, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве минерального масла содержит масло М-11, в качестве антикоррозионной присадки ...

Method for forming tetraoxy-silane derived antiwear films and lubricating oil compositions therefrom

Disclosed is a method for forming an antiwear film on an internal engine component comprising: contacting a surface of an internal wearing component of the engine with a tetra-functional hydrolyzable silane compound of the general formula Si-X 4 or hydrolysis product thereof, wherein X is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, amino, monoalkyl amino and dialkyl amino; and hydrolyzing and condensing the tetra-functional silane to thereby form a film. Also disclosed are mixed silane films and the products produced by these methods.

Method for forming tetraoxy-silane derived antiwear films and lubricating oil compositions therefrom

Disclosed is a method for forming an antiwear film on an internal engine component comprising: contacting a surface of an internal wearing component of the engine with a tetra-functional hydrolyzable silane compound of the general formula Si-X 4 or hydrolysis product thereof, wherein X is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, amino, monoalkyl amino and dialkyl amino; and hydrolyzing and condensing the tetra-functional silane to thereby form a film. Also disclosed are mixed silane films and the products produced by these methods.

Combustion improving additives for small engine lubricants

Method for producing lubricant additives

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to a method for preparing lubricating oil additives by condensation of an alkylphenol with 37 % solution of formaldehyde in presence of a catalyst, followed by treating product of alkali-earth metal hydroxide in a diluent oil medium, wherein alkylphenol used is C 8 , C 9 , C 12 , C 18 alkylphenols with molar ratio alkylphenol to formaldehyde of 1:0.6-1.3, process is conducted in presence of a solvent, catalyst is acidic or alkaline catalyst, alkali-earth metal hydroxide used is calcium hydroxide, and method comprises further carbonation by passing carbon dioxide through resulting product in presence of a promoter. EFFECT: technical result of present invention to provide sulphur-free alkylphenol additives with base number of 200 mg KOH/g, which has high detergency, anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion properties. 4 cl, 9 ex, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 582 124 C1 (51) МПК C10M 159/00 (2006.01) C10N 30/04 (2006.01) C10N 30/10 (2006.01) C10N 30/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2015117666/04, 12.05.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 12.05.2015 (45) Опубликовано: 20.04.2016 Бюл. № 11 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт по переработке нефти" (ОАО "ВНИИ НП") (RU) 2 5 8 2 1 2 4 R U (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПРИСАДКИ К СМАЗОЧНЫМ МАСЛАМ (57) Реферат: Настоящее изобретение относится к способу щелочной катализатор, в качестве гидроксида получения присадки к смазочным маслам путем щелочноземельного металла используют конденсации алкилфенола с 37%-ным раствором гидроксид кальция, а также дополнительно формальдегида в присутствии катализатора, осуществляют карбонатацию путем пропускания последующей обработки полученного продукта через полученный продукт диоксида углерода в гидроксидом щелочноземельного металла в среде присутствии промотора. ...

Olefin copolymer vi improvers and lubricant compositions and uses thereof

本发明涉及烯烃共聚物VI改进剂和润滑剂组合物及其用途，具体地涉及一种润滑油组合物和运行内燃机来提供改进的内燃机运行的方法。该润滑组合物包括主要量的润滑粘度的油和少量的至少一种烯烃共聚物，该共聚物的数均分子量大于大约10000，至多大约300000。该烯烃共聚物是用下面的成分来接枝的：(A)乙烯基取代的芳族化合物，和(B)选自C 5 -C 30 烯烃、聚亚烷基化合物及其混合物的化合物。该反应混合物中的A/B摩尔比是大约0.25∶1-大约5∶1。该润滑组合物任选包括少量的至少一种非接枝的烯烃共聚物，苯乙烯-异戊二烯共聚物，甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物，或者苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物，数均分子量大于大约50000，至多大约300000。

Methods for Pretreating Lignocellulosic Biomass

본 발명은 탄산암모늄을 촉매로 하여 목질계 바이오매스를 전처리하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 자세하게는, 목질계 바이오매스에 포함되어 있는 헤미셀룰로오스와 리그닌을 분해하여 당화하기에 적합하도록 바이오매스를 전처리하기 위하여, 이산화탄소 포집과정을 통해 이산화탄소와 암모니아가 반응하여 생성된 탄산암모늄과 목질계 바이오매스를 반응시켜, 목질계 바이오매스를 전처리하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 암모늄을 이용하여 이산화탄소를 포집하여 이산화탄소를 저감하며, 암모늄을 재사용할 수 있어 전처리효율을 높이며, 탄산암모늄 분리 공정과 전처리 공정이 결합 되어 두 공정에 사용되는 각각의 사용에너지보다 적게 투입되어, 공정 운영 비용을 낮출 수 있다.

Method for efficiently extracting lignin from lignocellulose raw material

本发明属于木质素分离提取技术领域，具体涉及从木质纤维素原料中高效提取木质素的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤：将木质纤维素原料置于芬顿反应预处理体系中，处理6~72h；然后利用磨木法或者碱法对上述原料中的木质素进行分离提取；所述芬顿反应预处理体系为由亚铁化合物3~9mmol/L、过氧化物0.2~1.6mol/L、巯基化合物0~0.128mol/L组成的混合溶液。通过利用优化后的芬顿催化反应来促进木质纤维素原料中木质素的分离，从而得到结构更完整、分子量分布更集中的木质素，并能有效提高木质素的提取率。

A lubricating oil additive composition and method of making the same

本发明公开了通过包括使共聚物与至少一种聚醚芳族化合物反应的方法制备的油溶性的润滑油添加剂组合物，以及所述润滑油添加剂组合物的制备方法。

Patent JPH0436846B2

GRAVITY POLYMER, METHOD FOR ITS PREPARATION AND CONTAINING ITS LUBRICANT OIL COMPOSITION

1. Привитой полимер, образованный из: (а) полиолефина, имеющего среднемассовую молекулярную массу меньше, чем 15000 и полидисперсность от 1.1 до 10; (b) азотсодержащего этиленненасыщенного алифатического или ароматического прививаемого мономера, имеющего от 2 до примерно 50 атомов углерода; и (с) металлоорганического соединения, выбранного из молибденорганического, титанорганического, марганецорганического соединения и их смесей.2. Привитой полимер по п.1, содержащий примерно от 0.5 до 5.0 молей прививаемого мономера на моль полиальфаолефина.3 Привитой полимер по п.1 или 2, содержащий примерно от 1.0 до 5.0 молей молибденорганического соединения на моль полиальфаолефина.4. Привитой полимер по п.1, в котором полиальфаолефин имеет среднемассовую молекулярную массу меньше, чем 10000.5. Привитой полимер по п.4, в котором полиальфаолефин имеет среднемассовую молекулярную массу в диапазоне от 2000 до 6000.6. Привитой полимер по п.1, в котором полиальфаолефин имеет полидисперсность примерно от 1.4 до 3.0.7. Привитой полимер по п.1, в котором полиальфаолефин представляет собой гомополимер С-С-олефина.8. Привитой полимер по п.1, в котором полиальфаолефин представляет собой гомополимер 1-децена.9. Привитой полимер по п.1, при этом прививаемый мономер представляет собой 1 - винилимидазол.10. Привитой полимер по п.1, в котором металлоорганическое соединение представляет собой молибденорганическое соединение.11. Привитой полимер по п.1, в котором металлоорганическое соединение представляет собой титанорганическое соединение.12. Способ получения привитого полимера, который предусматривает стадии (а) контактирования на одной или нескольких стадиях: (i) полиал� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2012 139 659 A (51) МПК C08F 255/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012139659/04, 01.04.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): КАСТРОЛ ЛИМИТЕД (GB) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): САУЕР Ричард П. (US ...

Preservation lubricant

FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal preservation and can be used for protection of materials of machine building, instrument making and so forth from corrosion and damage by microorganisms (microscopic fungi and bacteria). Described is a lubricant-based preservation lubricant comprising industrial oil I-20A - 36.5 ± 3.0 wt. %, corrosion inhibitor AKOR-1 5.0 ± 0.5 % of weight, viscosity additive Vinipol VB-2 - 3.5 ± 1.0 wt. %, jet fuel - aircraft fuel TS-1 - up to 100 % of weight, characterized by that in order to increase stability, a mixture of essential oils of citral and eugenol is added in volume ratio of 1:1, with the following ratio of components, wt. %: a mixture of essential oils of citral and eugenol in volume ratio of 1:1 - 5.0; lubricant including industrial oil, jet fuel, viscosity additive and corrosion inhibitor - 95.0.EFFECT: technical result is creation of a preservative lubricant, which provides complex protection of metal from corrosion and damage by microorganisms, which is stored.1 cl, 5 tbl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 732 292 C1 (51) МПК C10M 169/04 (2006.01) C10M 159/02 (2006.01) C10M 145/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10M 169/04 (2020.05); C10M 159/02 (2020.05); C10M 145/04 (2020.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019134595, 28.10.2019 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 15.09.2020 (45) Опубликовано: 15.09.2020 Бюл. № 26 2 7 3 2 2 9 2 R U (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2029779 C1, 27.02.1995. RU 2621186 C1, 01.06.2017. RU 2041251 C1, 09.08.1995. RU 2431637 C2, 10.02.2010. US 2569122 A1, 25.09.1951. US 5372737 A1, 13.12.1994. (54) КОНСЕРВАЦИОННЫЙ СМАЗОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к консервации повышения устойчивости производится металлов и может быть использовано для защиты добавление смеси эфирных масел цитраля и материалов машиностроения, приборостроения ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED PARTS FROM WOOD AND EPOXY COMPOUNDS

Hydrocarbon grease for steel ropes

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: proposed hydrocarbon lubricant for wire ropes comprising a mineral oil, a plasticiser oil, and petroleum waste, which is characterized in that as plasticiser oil comprises a plasticiser "ПH-6ш" as waste oil comprises a precipitate formed on the walls of the pipes for oil transport and further comprises polyethylene wax, with the following component ratio wt %: oil plasticiser "ПH-6ш" 25-30, the precipitate formed on the walls of the pipelines, with a protractor application of oil 25-35, 3-5 polyethylene wax, mineral oil - the rest. The proposed hydrocarbon lubricant for steel ropes is superior to the prototype by the dropping point, while the performance index on the four-ball friction machine (wear spot diameter) is at the prototype level. Also in the composition of the lubricant there are no scarce products, but contains the available raw materials, and the used PGHS is an oil waste and does not require additional processing, complicated in hardware design. EFFECT: cost of making lubricants is reduced. 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 620 082 C1 (51) МПК C10M 101/00 (2006.01) C10M 159/06 (2006.01) C10N 30/06 (2006.01) C10N 30/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2016129354, 19.07.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.07.2016 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 19.07.2016 Адрес для переписки: 111116, Москва, ул. Авиамоторная, 6, АО "ВНИИ НП", Научно-технический отдел, Троицкой Н.И. (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2185424 C1, 20.07.2002. RU 2 6 2 0 0 8 2 (54) УГЛЕВОДОРОДНАЯ СМАЗКА ДЛЯ СТАЛЬНЫХ КАНАТОВ (57) Формула изобретения Углеводородная смазка для стальных канатов, содержащая минеральное масло, пластификатор нефтяной, а также нефтяной отход, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве пластификатора нефтяного содержит пластификатор ПН-6ш, в качестве ...

Method of producing anti-tearing additive for heavily loaded friction assemblies

FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of tribology and specifically relates to a method of producing an anti-tearing additive containing fragments of double bonds CH=CH and thereby facilitating adhesion of the additive to friction surfaces. Method comprises reacting potassium sulphide obtained by dissolving sulphur in a hydrazine hydrate-KOH system at temperature of 55–60 °C and molar ratio KOH:S = 4:1, for 2 hours, with chlorlignin with content of chlorine of 2.4 or 3.4 wt% and vinylidene chloride at temperature 25 °C and molar ratio of sulphur:vinylidene chloride = 1:1, weight ratio of sulphur:chlorlignin = 1:2. After stirring for 5 hours, the product is separated by filtration, washed with water and ethanol.EFFECT: obtaining an additive providing protection against wear in heavily loaded friction assemblies.1 cl, 6 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 688 928 C1 (51) МПК C10M 151/00 (2006.01) C10M 159/02 (2006.01) C10M 177/00 (2006.01) C10M 107/36 (2006.01) C10M 135/00 (2006.01) C10M 125/06 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА C08H 7/00 (2011.01) ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ C10N 40/00 (2006.01) C10N 30/06 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10M 151/00 (2019.02); C10M 159/02 (2019.02); C10M 177/00 (2019.02); C10M 135/00 (2019.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018134826, 01.10.2018 01.10.2018 Дата регистрации: 23.05.2019 (45) Опубликовано: 23.05.2019 Бюл. № 15 2 6 8 8 9 2 8 R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Иркутский государственный университет путей сообщения (ФГБОУ ВО ИрГУПС) (RU), Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки "Иркутский Институт химии им. А.Е. Фаворского" Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (ИрИХ СО РАН) (RU) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2439138 C2, 10.01.2012. RU 2318013 C1, 27.02.2008. RU 2552997 C1, 10.06.2015. Леванова Е.П. и др. Реакции дихлорэтенов с серой в ...

Method for purifying lignophenol derivatives

THERMO-ASSOCIATIVE AND EXCHANGE COPOLYMERS CONTAINING THEIR COMPOSITION

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2019 115 256 A (51) МПК C10M 145/14 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2019115256, 21.11.2017 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 23.11.2016 FR 1661400 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 24.06.2019 (86) Заявка PCT: FR 2017/053188 (21.11.2017) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2018/096252 (31.05.2018) R U (54) ТЕРМОАССОЦИАТИВНЫЕ И ОБМЕННЫЕ СОПОЛИМЕРЫ, СОДЕРЖАЩАЯ ИХ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ (57) Формула изобретения 1. Композиция, полученная в результате смешивания по меньшей мере одного статистического сополимера полидиола А1, содержащего по меньшей мере от 2 до 50 мол.% по меньшей мере одного мономера М3 общей формулы (X) , (X) где Z1, Z2 и Z3, которые могут быть одинаковыми или разными, представляют собой группы, выбранные из атома водорода, C1-C12 алкила и группы -OZ’ или -C(O)-O-Z’, где Z’ представляет собой C1-C12 алкил, и соединения А2, содержащего по меньшей мере две функциональные группы сложного эфира бороновой кислоты. Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 9 1 1 5 2 5 6 A Адрес для переписки: 191002, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 5, ООО "Ляпунов и партнеры" 2 0 1 9 1 1 5 2 5 6 (72) Автор(ы): ДЕРУИНО Тибо (FR), БРИАН Фанни (FR), ДЕКРУА Грегори (FR), НИКОЛЕ Рено (FR) R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 24.12.2020 Бюл. № 36 (71) Заявитель(и): ТОТАЛЬ МАРКЕТИН СЕРВИС (FR), САНТР НАСЬОНАЛЬ ДЕ ЛА РЕШЕРШ СЬЯНТИФИК (FR), ЭКОЛЬ СЮПЕРЬЕР ДЕ ФИЗИК Э ДЕ ШИМИ ЭНДЮСТРИЭЛЬ ДЕ ЛА ВИЛЛЬ ДЕ ПАРИ (FR) 2. Композиция по п. 1, где статистический сополимер полидиола A1 представляет собой сополимер, полученный в результате сополимеризации: по меньшей мере одного первого мономера M1 общей формулы (I) , (I) A 2 0 1 9 1 1 5 2 5 6 R U , где звездочки (*) обозначают связи с атомами кислорода, R'''2 выбран из группы, состоящей из C6-C30 арила, C7-C30 арилалкила и C2-C30 алкила; с по меньшей мере одним вторым мономером M2 общей формулы (II) , (II) Стр.: 2 A где звездочки (*) обозначают связи с ...

Anti-corrosion plastic lubricant for protection of battery terminals and metal surfaces of automobiles

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: anticorrosive plastic grease is proposed to protect the terminals of batteries and metal surfaces of cars, containing mineral oil, a thickener, an anti-corrosion additive that differs as a mineral oil contains spindle oil, as a thickener contains a deposit formed on the walls of pipelines during transport petroleum, as an anti-corrosion additive contains additive MNI-7, and additionally contains polyisobutylene P-85, with the following ratio of the component, wt %: sediment formed on the walls of pipelines during oil transportation 32.0-38.0; polyisobutylene P-85 0.15-0.25; anticorrosive additive MNI-7 0.15-0.25; oil spindle AU - the rest. The proposed lubricant has a high dropping point and an upper temperature limit for use. The lubricant contains no deficient thickeners, and the available raw material component is used - a sediment formed on the walls of oil pipelines during the transportation of oil, which is an oil waste. EFFECT: significant reduction in the cost of lubrication and the expansion of raw materials. 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 620 081 C1 (51) МПК C10M 101/00 (2006.01) C10M 159/06 (2006.01) C10N 30/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2016129347, 19.07.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.07.2016 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 19.07.2016 2 6 2 0 0 8 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: "Топлива, смазочные материалы, технические жидкости. Ассортимент и применение".Справочник. Под редакцией В.М.Школьникова. 1999, с.348. ТУ 38.101180-76. Смазка ВТВ-1 (вазелин технический). RU 2184754 C1, 27.02.2002. RU 92015007 C1, 20.12.1996. (54) АНТИКОРРОЗИОННАЯ ПЛАСТИЧНАЯ СМАЗКА ДЛЯ ЗАЩИТЫ КЛЕММ АККУМУЛЯТОРОВ И МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ АВТОМОБИЛЕЙ (57) Формула изобретения Антикоррозионная пластичная смазка для защиты клемм аккумуляторов и ...

Aqueous lubricant for cold working of metal materials

提供了金属材料的冷塑性加工用水系润滑剂，该润滑剂是水系润滑剂，具有高的润滑性，可以代替将磷酸盐处理和草酸盐处理等化学被膜处理与反应型皂处理组合而成的润滑系统。没有像上述润滑体系中的环境方面的问题，能以1个工序进行处理，被膜剥离容易，即使以浸渍法大量处理加工材料也不引起因附着不匀而产生的耐热胶着性降低。 该金属材料的冷塑性加工用水系润滑剂由下列成分组成： (A)水溶性无机盐、(B)固体润滑剂、(C)选自矿物油、动植物油脂和合成油中的至少一种油成分(D)表面活性剂、以及(E)水，固体润滑剂和水溶性无机盐的重量比(B/A)是0.05/1-2/1，相对于水溶性无机盐和固体润滑剂的总量，油成分的重量比(C/(A+B))是0.05/1-1/1，固体润滑剂和油成分各自均匀分散和乳化。

A biodegradable polycyclicester grafted lignocellulose derivatives and method thereof

본 발명은 생분해성 환상 에스테르계 고분자 그라프트 리그노셀룰로오즈 유도체 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 즉, 다음의 일반식 (I)로 표현되는 생분해성 환상에스테르계 고분자 그라프트 리그노셀루로오즈 유도체로서, 일정 사용기간이 지나 자연계에 버려지면 미생물에 곧 분해되어 환경오염을 일으키지 않는 특성을 갖는다. 여기서,

Method for obtaining natural solidol

FIELD: lubricants. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for producing natural solidol. 1/2 part of the mass of spent purified engine oil is mixed with unrefined sunflower vegetable oil heated to 60-80°C, and lime milk is added, saponified at a temperature of 95-100°C for at least 1 hour, then the remaining 1/2 part of the used engine oil is added. In the process of preparing lime milk, a 0.2 mol/l sodium hydroxide solution containing graphite with a plate thickness of less than 100 nm and a concentration within 15-850 ppm of the solidol mass is used as the liquid phase. Graphite is obtained in sodium hydroxide solution by electrochemical delamination of thermally expanded graphite foil. EFFECT: simplification of the process of obtaining natural solidol with improved characteristics due to the introduction of graphite with a plate thickness of less than 100 nm with a fraction of no more than 850 ppm. 2 cl, 1 tbl, 3 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 764 085 C1 (51) МПК C10M 117/02 (2006.01) C10M 125/02 (2006.01) C10M 159/02 (2006.01) C10M 161/00 (2006.01) C10M 163/00 (2006.01) C10N 40/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10M 117/02 (2021.05); C10M 125/02 (2021.05); C10M 159/02 (2021.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2021106978, 17.03.2021 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 13.01.2022 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тамбовский государственный технический университет» (ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ») (RU) (45) Опубликовано: 13.01.2022 Бюл. № 2 Адрес для переписки: 392000, Тамбовская обл., г. Тамбов, ул. Советская, 106, ТГТУ, каб. 6, ВОИР, отдел патентования, Неверова Ольга Сергеевна, Неверова Светлана Юрьевна C 1 2 7 6 4 0 8 5 R U (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ЖИРОВОГО СОЛИДОЛА (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к способу получения гидроксида натрия, содержащий графит с жирового солидола. 1/2 части массы ...

PLASTIC GREASE WITH IMPROVED ANTI-DAMAGE AND ANTI-SEIZING PROPERTIES AND METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION

1. Пластичная смазка на основе минерального или синтетического масла, загустителя - полимочевины и противоизносного наполнителя, содержащего безводный сульфат кальция, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве указанного наполнителя она содержит отход производства минеральных удобрений - обезвоженный фосфогипс при следующем соотношении компонентов, % мас.:2. Способ получения смазки по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он включает полное обезвоживание фосфогипса путем его обжига при температуре 450-700°C, добавление обезвоженного фосфогипса к составу, включающему минеральное или синтетическое масло и полимочевину, перемешивание и гомогенизацию. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C10M 159/04 (13) 2013 133 286 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2013133286/04, 18.07.2013 (71) Заявитель(и): Открытое акционерное общество "Электрогорский институт нефтепереработки" (ОАО "ЭлИНП") (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 18.07.2013 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.01.2015 Бюл. № 3 A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Пластичная смазка на основе минерального или синтетического масла, загустителя - полимочевины и противоизносного наполнителя, содержащего безводный сульфат кальция, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве указанного наполнителя она содержит отход производства минеральных удобрений - обезвоженный фосфогипс при следующем соотношении компонентов, % мас.: 1-15 обезвоженный фосфогипс 2-70 минеральное или синтетическое масло остальное R U 2. Способ получения смазки по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он включает полное обезвоживание фосфогипса путем его обжига при температуре 450-700°C, добавление обезвоженного фосфогипса к составу, включающему минеральное или синтетическое масло и полимочевину, перемешивание и гомогенизацию. Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 3 1 3 3 2 8 6 полимочевина 2 0 1 3 1 3 3 2 8 6 (54) ПЛАСТИЧНАЯ СМАЗКА С УЛУЧШЕННЫМИ ПРОТИВОИЗНОСНЫМИ И ПРОТИВОЗАДИРНЫМИ СВОЙСТВАМИ И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ R U Адрес для переписки: ...

Lubrication method

1쌍의 접동 부재를, 윤활유 조성물을 사용하여 윤활하는 윤활 방법이 개시된다. 당해 윤활 방법에 있어서는, 1쌍의 접동 부재의 적어도 한쪽이, 엔지니어링 플라스틱을 포함하는 부재이며, 상기 윤활유 조성물이, 윤활유 기유와, 구성 원소로서 인을 포함하고 또한 황을 포함하지 않는 마모 방지제, 구성 원소로서 황을 포함하고 또한 인을 포함하지 않는 마모 방지제, 그리고 구성 원소로서 인 및 황을 포함하는 마모 방지제로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1종의 마모 방지제를 함유한다.

Lubricating composition

Triglyceride oils thickened with estolides of hydroxy-containing triglycerides

A thickened composition is disclosed which comprises (A) at least one triglyceride estolide of the formula wherein R1 is an aliphatic group or an aliphatic group containing an ester moiety R2COO- with the proviso that at least one R1 is an aliphatic group containing the ester moiety, and contains from about 5 to about 23 carbon atoms, and R2 is a hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 100 carbon atoms and (B) at least one animal fat, vegetable oil or synthetic triglyceride oil of the formula

Manufacturing process for viscous cellulose solutions

Polymeric additives for lubricating oils

PROCESS FOR TREATING LIGNO-CELLULOSIC BIOMASS

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement de biomasse lignocellulosique comprenant au moins les étapes suivantes : a) une étape de conditionnement de la biomasse comprenant au moins un broyage de façon à obtenir des particules de biomasse broyée ayant une taille d'au plus 300mm b) une étape de lavage desdites particules avec de l'eau liquide ou une liqueur acide, à une température de 10-95°C, de préférence à pression atmosphérique, c) une étape de séparation de l'eau de lavage usée des particules de biomasse lavée pour obtenir un substrat lignocellulosique séparé ayant 15-70% de matière sèche, d) une étape d'imprégnation dudit substrat avec une liqueur acide de façon à obtenir un substrat imprégné ayant un pH de 0.1 à 3, e) une étape de séparation solide/liquide du substrat lignocellulosique de manière à obtenir un substrat lignocellulosique ayant un taux de matière sèche compris entre 15% poids et 70% poids et un effluent liquide; f) une étape de prétraitement du substrat lignocellulosique imprégné issu de l'étape e). The invention relates to a method for treating lignocellulosic biomass comprising at least the following steps: a) a step of conditioning the biomass comprising at least one grinding so as to obtain ground biomass particles having a size of at most 300 mm b ) a step of washing said particles with liquid water or an acidic liquor, at a temperature of 10-95 ° C, preferably at atmospheric pressure, c) a step of separating the spent washing water from the particles of washed biomass to obtain a separated lignocellulosic substrate having 15-70% dry matter, d) a step of impregnating said substrate with an acidic liquor so as to obtain an impregnated substrate having a pH of 0.1 to 3, e) a step of solid / liquid separation of the lignocellulosic substrate so as to obtain a lignocellulosic substrate having a solids content of between 15% by weight and 70% by weight and a liquid effluent; f) a pretreatment step of the impregnated ...

Process for preparing cupro-ammoniacal cellulose solutions intended for the threading of artificial silk

USE OF AN OIL COMPOSITION FOR THE TEMPORARY TREATMENT OF METAL SURFACES

Cellulose powder manufacturing process

Lubricant

THERMOASSOCIATIVE ADDITIVE COMPOSITIONS WHOSE ASSOCIATION IS CONTROLLED AND LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM

Compositions d'additifs résultant du mélange d'au moins deux composés thermoassociatifs et échangeables et d'au moins un composé ester boronique permettant de contrôler l'association de ces deux copolymères. Composition lubrifiante qui résulte du mélange d'au moins une huile de base lubrifiante, d'au moins deux composés thermoassociatifs et échangeables et d'au moins un composé ester boronique permettant de contrôler l'association de ces deux copolymères. Procédé pour moduler la viscosité d'une composition lubrifiante qui résulte du mélange d'au moins une huile de base lubrifiante, d'au moins deux composés thermoassociatifs et échangeables. Utilisation d'un composé ester boronique pour moduler la viscosité d'une composition lubrifiante. Compositions of additives resulting from the mixture of at least two thermoassociative and exchangeable compounds and of at least one boronic ester compound making it possible to control the association of these two copolymers. Lubricating composition which results from mixing at least one lubricating base oil, at least two thermoassociative and exchangeable compounds and at least one boronic ester compound making it possible to control the association of these two copolymers. Method for modulating the viscosity of a lubricating composition which results from the mixture of at least one lubricating base oil, at least two thermoassociative and exchangeable compounds. Use of a boronic ester compound to modulate the viscosity of a lubricating composition.