Internal combustion engine

A connecting member coupled to four pistons that reciprocate within cylinder bores is coupled to a crankpin of a crankshaft, and a pinion member which integrally rotates with a crankshaft portion is capable of rolling along the inner periphery of an internal gear member and has an outer diameter equal to 1/2 of an inner diameter of the internal gear member. The crankpin executes a reciprocating rectilinear motion through the rotation and revolution of the pinion member, and a journal support member has a bearing for supporting a crank journal so as to rotate positioned between the pinion member and a crank arm, and which is supported by a case member so as to rotate coaxially with an output member.

DEAD-VOLUME MANAGEMENT IN COMPRESSED-GAS ENERGY STORAGE AND RECOVERY SYSTEMS

In various embodiments, coupling losses between a cylinder assembly and other components of a gas compression and/or expansion system are reduced or eliminated via valve-timing control. 121-. (canceled)22. A method of increasing efficiency of an energy-storage process performed in a cylinder assembly in which gas is compressed from an initial pressure to a final pressure , the method comprising:pre-expanding gas in the cylinder assembly to approximately the initial pressure;following the pre-expansion, admitting gas at the initial pressure into the cylinder assembly, the pre-expansion reducing coupling loss during the admission of gas;compressing the gas in the cylinder assembly to the final pressure;completing a compression cycle by exhausting only a portion of the compressed gas out of the cylinder assembly; andrepeating the foregoing steps at least once, thereby performing at least one additional compression cycle.23. The method of claim 22 , further comprising thermally conditioning the gas with heat-transfer fluid during compression.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the thermal conditioning renders the compression substantially isothermal.25. The method of claim 23 , wherein the heat-transfer fluid is sprayed into the gas.26. The method of claim 23 , wherein the heat-transfer fluid forms a foam with the gas.27. The method of claim 23 , wherein claim 23 , after compression of the gas claim 23 , at least a portion of the heat-transfer fluid is exhausted out of the cylinder assembly.28. The method of claim 22 , wherein the gas is admitted into the cylinder assembly from a vent to atmosphere claim 22 , the initial pressure being approximately atmospheric pressure.29. The method of claim 22 , wherein the gas is admitted into the cylinder assembly from a second cylinder assembly in which gas is compressed to the initial pressure from a pressure less than the initial pressure.30. The method of claim 22 , wherein the portion of the compressed gas is exhausted to a ...

DEAD-VOLUME MANAGEMENT IN COMPRESSED-GAS ENERGY STORAGE AND RECOVERY SYSTEMS

In various embodiments, coupling losses between a cylinder assembly and other components of a gas compression and/or expansion system are reduced or eliminated via valve-timing control. 1. A method of increasing efficiency of an energy-recovery process performed in a cylinder assembly in which gas is expanded , the cylinder assembly being selectively fluidly connected to a high-side component by a high-side valve and selectively fluidly connected to a low-side component by a low-side valve , the method comprising:performing a first valve transition by opening the high-side valve to allow compressed gas to enter the cylinder assembly from the high-side component, the cylinder assembly containing gas at a first pressure prior to the first valve transition;performing a second valve transition by closing the high-side valve, the gas within the cylinder assembly expanding thereafter;performing a third valve transition by opening the low-side valve to allow a portion of the expanded gas to enter the low-side component from the cylinder assembly, wherein (i) a remnant portion of the gas remains in the cylinder assembly after the third valve transition and (ii) the expanded gas is at a second pressure prior to the third valve transition;performing a fourth valve transition by closing the low-side valve, the remnant portion of the gas within the cylinder assembly being compressed thereafter to approximately the first pressure; andenforcing a transition restriction comprising at least one of (i) performing the first valve transition only when the first pressure is approximately equal to a pressure of the high-side component or (ii) performing the third valve transition only when the second pressure is approximately equal to a pressure of the low-side component.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the high-side component comprises a compressed-gas storage reservoir.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the high-side component comprises a second cylinder assembly for at least one of ...

VALVES

An apparatus () for compressing and expanding a gas includes a chamber (), a positive displacement device () moveable relative thereto, first and second valves () activatable to control flow of gas into and out of the chamber () and a controller () for controlling activation of the valves () that selectively switches operation between a compression and an expansion mode with selective switching between modes being achieved by selectively changing the activation timing of at least one of the valves during the first mode. An energy storage system including the device may be operatively coupled via a rotary device for power transmission to an input/output device, whereby the direction and speed of rotation are preserved during switching, and the input/output device may be synchronised to the grid. 1. Apparatus for gas compression and expansion , comprising:a chamber for receiving a gas;a positive displacement device moveable relative to the chamber;first and second valves activatable to control gas flow into and out of the chamber; anda controller configured to control activation timing of the first and second valves;wherein the controller is configured to selectively switch operation of the positive displacement device between a compression mode in which the gas received in the chamber is compressed by the positive displacement device and an expansion mode in which the gas received in the chamber is expanded by the positive displacement device, and wherein the controller is configured to selectively change the activation timing of at least one of the first and second valves during operation in a first mode of the compression and expansion modes to selectively switch from the first mode to a second mode of the compression and expansion modes.2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the positive displacement device is coupled to a rotary device for transmitting mechanical power between the positive displacement device and an input/output device and the controller is ...

FLUID ROTARY MACHINE

A fluid rotary machine with a decreased footprint and a reduction in the number of parts. The fluid rotary machine has four heads wherein double-headed pistons are disposed inside cylinders in a crisscross arrangement. The rotational balance between rotational parts including the double-headed pistons is achieved only by first and second balance weights which are inserted and incorporated into both ends of a crank shaft coupled eccentrically to a shaft. The shaft is rotated for the double-headed pistons to linearly reciprocate in the cylinders. The fluid rotary machine has rotary valves for switching between the suction and discharge operations of the fluid for each cylinder chamber. The rotary valves are incorporated into a case to be coaxial and integrally rotatable with the shaft. 15.-. (canceled)6. A four-head fluid rotary machine comprising: a first crank shaft being eccentrically connected to a shaft , the first crank shaft being rotated about the shaft by a first imaginary crank arm which has a radius r; a piston composite body having an eccentric tube body constituted by a first tube body , which is concentrically fitted to the first crank shaft , and second tube bodies , which are extended from the both axial ends of the first tube body and whose axes are second imaginary crank shafts eccentrically disposed with respect to the axis of the first tube body , a first double-headed piston , which is fitted in one of the second tube bodies , and a second double-headed piston , which is fitted in the other second tube body , being disposed inside cylinders in a crisscross arrangement , the piston composite body being rotated about the first crank shaft , by a second imaginary crank arm which has a radius r; and a first balance weight and a second balance weight being respectively inserted and incorporated into both ends of the first crank shaft , wherein the double-headed pistons linearly reciprocate in the cylinders in a state where a first rotational balance ...

PNEUMATIC DRIVE

The invention relates to a pneumatic drive, comprising a pneumatic drive unit (), which has a piston () that can be moved between a first position and a second position. The piston is accelerated and braked by means of compressed air, which is fed to or led away from the pneumatic drive unit by means of valve arrangements () having distribution valves (). In at least one distribution valve (), a damping throttle () is provided, which has a differential pressure piston (), which can be moved as a function of the compression pressure, whereby the free throttle cross-section () through which the compressed air flows can be changed as a function of the compression pressure. 228302025202545484948. Pneumatic drive according to claim 1 , characterised in that the differential pressure piston () comprises an axial throttling port () claim 1 , and in that the damping throttle ( claim 1 , ; ′ claim 1 , ′) comprises a throttle element () having a head portion () claim 1 , the free throttle cross-section () being limited by the head portion ().34845. Pneumatic drive according to claim 2 , characterised in that the head portion () of the throttle element () consists of a conical tip.445. Pneumatic drive according to either or claim 2 , characterised in that the throttle element () consists of a throttle screw claim 2 , the reach of which can be changed.5202520254328454328. Pneumatic drive according to any of to claim 2 , characterised in that the damping throttle ( claim 2 , ; ′ claim 2 , ′) comprises a stop () for limiting the displacement path of the differential pressure piston () in the direction of the throttle element () claim 2 , the stop () being arranged so as to be adjustable in the direction of movement of the differential pressure piston ().645434843. Pneumatic drive according to either or claim 2 , characterised in that the throttle element () is displaceably mounted on the stop () in such a way that the position of the head portion () relative to the stop () can be ...

COMPRESSED GAS MOTOR AND LAVAGE SYSTEM

A compressed-gas motor has a cylindrical inner chamber closed gas-tight at a first base surface, and a piston arranged so as to be movable along the cylinder axis in the cylindrical inner chamber. A first opening feeds a compressed gas into the inner chamber, and a second opening discharges a gas from inside the inner chamber. The openings are arranged in the cylinder casing of the cylindrical inner chamber, wherein the first opening is arranged between the second opening and the closed first base surface. The first opening is closable by a first piston part and the second opening by a second piston part. The compressed-gas motor has a resetting device which exerts a force on the piston in the direction of the first base surface of the cylindrical inner chamber if the second piston part does not completely close the second opening. 11215181. A compressed gas motor ( , , , ) , for operating a lavage system , comprising{'b': 2', '22', '82', '3', '23', '83, 'a cylindrical internal space (, , ) closable in gas-tight manner at least at one first base surface (, , );'}{'b': 2', '22', '82', '2', '22', '82, 'at least one plunger arranged in the cylindrical internal space (, , ) such as to be mobile along the cylinder axis and ending tightly against the internal space (, , );'}{'b': 5', '25', '85', '2', '22', '82', '4', '24', '84, 'a plunger rod (, , ) connected to the at least one plunger and projecting from the internal space (, , ) beyond a second base surface (, , );'}{'b': 11', '31', '61', '91', '2', '22', '82, 'a first opening (, , , ) for supplying a compressed gas into the internal space (, , ); and'}{'b': 12', '32', '62', '92', '2', '22', '82, 'a second opening (, , , ) for discharging a gas from the inside of the internal space (, , ); wherein'}{'b': 11', '12', '31', '32', '61', '62', '91', '92', '2', '22', '82, 'the first and second openings (, , , , , , , ) are arranged in the cylinder jacket of the cylindrical internal space (, , ),'}{'b': 11', '31', '61', '91', ...

PISTON VIBRATOR

A vibrator has a hollow body with two end walls, a first piston slidably housed within the body, a first chamber defined therein and communicating with an inlet and bounded by a first active surface of the first piston, and a second chamber bounded by a second active surface of the piston, larger than and opposite the first active surface. The first piston slidingly houses a switch unit having at least one second piston and controlled by a fluid switch circuit having an inlet portion formed in the first piston and communicating with the first chamber. An outlet portion is formed in the first piston and communicates with the outlet. A switch portion, which is defined by the switch unit, communicates with the second chamber, and connects the second chamber to the inlet portion and to the outlet portion alternately as a function of the switch unit's axial position. 1) A vibrator comprising a hollow body having a longitudinal axis , and a first and second end wall crosswise to the longitudinal axis; an inlet and outlet for pressurized fluid; a piston housed in sliding and fluidtight manner inside the hollow body to perform , in use , a succession of operating cycles , each comprising a forward stroke and a return stroke along the longitudinal axis and between the first and second end wall , the piston defining , inside the hollow body , a first feed chamber communicating with the inlet and bounded by a first active surface of the piston , and a second pressurizing chamber bounded by a second active surface of the piston , larger than and opposite the first active surface; and a fluid circuit for the pressurized fluid; the fluid circuit connecting the second chamber to the first chamber and to the outlet alternately as a function of the axial position of the piston; and the vibrator also comprising a tracking switch unit movable by said pressurized fluid along the longitudinal axis and in the same direction as and with respect to the piston; the fluid circuit comprising ...

HYDRAULIC DEVICE

Hydraulic device such as a motor or a pump comprising a first assembly of parts (C) including a housing part, and a second assembly of parts (D) fixed to said first assembly. 1. A hydraulic device such as a motor or a pump comprising a first assembly of parts comprising a housing part wherein is arranged a cylinder block , and a second assembly fixed to said first assembly ,said assemblies having respectively a first and a second contact face, the two contact faces being pushed towards each other and placed in mutual contact by means exerting axial stress,wherein at least one of said first and second contact faces has a rough friction surface for transmission of high torque between the two assemblies.2. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said first assembly also comprises a fastening plate;said first and second contact faces are formed respectively on walls opposite said fastening plate and said second assembly;also, a third and a fourth contact face are formed respectively on walls opposite said housing part and said fastening plate; andone of said third and fourth contact faces has a rough friction surface for transmission of high torque between said housing part and said fastening plate.3. The device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said friction surfaces are aligned axially on either side of the fastening plate.4. The device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the second and/or the third contact face has an uptake recess for the plate provided to receive the fastening plate.5. The device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein one only of the second and the third contact faces comprises an uptake recess for the plate claim 4 , the other contact face being provided a recess.6. The device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the plate is a washer arranged about an axis of rotation of the device.7. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said friction surface or one of said friction surfaces has a roughness index Ra greater than 12 μm or a roughness index Rz greater than ...

METHOD TO PREVENT DEBRIS BUILD-UP ON RECIPROCATING AIR MOTOR PILOT VALVES

An end cap assembly for a reciprocating air motor comprises a pilot valve and an end cap body. The pilot has a valve stem. The end cap body comprises a central bore for receiving an air motor rod, a valve bore in which the pilot valve is disposed such that the valve stem extends through the end cap body, and an air port extending through the end cap body. The air port has a contour to direct air toward the valve stem. 1. An end cap assembly for a reciprocating air motor , the end cap assembly comprising:a pilot valve having a valve stem; a central bore for receiving an air motor rod;', 'a valve bore in which the pilot valve is disposed such that the valve stem extends through the end cap body; and', 'an air port extending through the end cap body, the air port having a contour to direct air toward the valve stem., 'an end cap body comprising2. The end cap assembly of wherein the contour comprises an angled surface extending between the air port and the valve stem.3. The end cap assembly of wherein the contour extends from the air port toward a portion of the valve stem extending from the end cap body to form an obtuse angle with the valve stem.4. The end cap assembly of wherein the contour is flat.5. The end cap assembly of and further comprising:a flow deflector coupled to the end cap body to overhang the air port.6. The end cap assembly of wherein the flow deflector is shaped to reorient airflow from the air port toward the valve stem.7. The end cap assembly of wherein the flow deflector comprises:a sheet metal strip fastened to a counterbore in the end cap body so as to be inlaid in the contour.8. The end cap assembly of wherein the deflector includes:a first portion extending at an angle toward the valve stem; anda second portion extending from the first portion parallel to the end cap body.9. The end cap assembly of wherein the pilot valve comprises:a valve body having an internal bore from which the valve stem extends;an air passage intersected by the valve ...

RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR

A reciprocating compressor is provided. Bearing holes of a fluid bearing of the compressor may be positioned correspond to a full reciprocating region of a piston, to reduce/eliminate frictional loss and/or abrasion between a cylinder and the piston. The bearing holes may be concentrated at certain regions of the cylinder to stably support the piston through a full reciprocating range. Compression coil springs may maintain concentric alignment of the cylinder and the piston. Gas through holes may be radially formed at the piston to lower a pressure of a bearing space and allow refrigerant to be smoothly introduced into the bearing space through a gas pocket. A casing of the compressor may include an outer shell and an inner shell to attenuate vibration generated due to friction generated by operation of the reciprocating compressor. 1. A reciprocating compressor , comprising:a reciprocating motor installed in an inner space of a casing;a piston having a piston side bearing surface formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof;a cylinder configured to receive the piston therein, the cylinder having a cylinder side bearing surface formed on an inner circumferential surface thereof;a compression space formed between the cylinder and the piston;a suction channel that penetrates an end of the piston and extends in a direction corresponding to a reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder;a suction valve coupled to a front end of the piston and configured to open and close the suction channel;a discharge valve coupled to the front end of the cylinder and configured to open and close the compression space; andbearing holes that penetrate the cylinder side bearing surface to guide gas discharged from the compression space to a space between the cylinder side bearing surface and the piston side bearing surface,wherein the bearing holes are arranged in a plurality of rows, andwherein, at a position of the piston in the cylinder at which the compression space ...

Vibration Energy Harvest Device

The present invention relates to a vibration energy harvest device. In the present invention, the vibration energy harvest device is provided for being used to recycle the mechanical energy and thermal energy generated during the vibration, and effectively to improve the power generation efficiency with newly added hydraulic motor and electricity generating unit. Wherein by using an ameliorating valve module and removing the damping hole in the prior art, no matter the damping oil flows from inner cylinder module through hydraulic motor to outer cylinder module or the contrary direction, the flowing damping oil could avoid the hydraulic motor from reciprocating to improve the power generation efficiency. 1. A vibration energy harvest device , comprising:an outer cylinder module, having a cover on one side itself;an inner cylinder module, being disposed in the outer cylinder module, wherein there is a first storage space formed between the outer cylinder module and the inner cylinder module, and there is an opening formed on the inner cylinder module;a valve module, being coaxially connected to the other side of the outer cylinder module and the inner cylinder module;a moveable piston, being disposed in the inner cylinder module, wherein there is a second storage space formed between the moveable piston and the valve module;a piston rod module, being disposed in the inner cylinder module, wherein the piston rod module comprises:a piston rod, being extended through the cover and there is a third storage space formed between the piston rod and the inner cylinder module, wherein the third storage space is connected to the first storage space by the opening; anda fixed piston, being disposed in the inner cylinder module, and connected to the piston rod, wherein there is an accumulating chamber formed between the moveable piston and the fixed piston;a hydraulic motor, being coaxially connected to the valve module from outside of the inner cylinder module, and disposed in ...

MOTION CONVERSION APPARATUS

A motion conversion apparatus () comprises a rodrack assembly () and a gearshaft member (). The rodrack assembly () comprises a first gear connection member () and two guide members (). The gearshaft member () comprises a second gear connection member () configured to engage with the first gear connection member (), and a guiding surface arrangement () configured to contact the guide members (). The rodrack assembly () is configured to provide rotation of the gearshaft member () about a rotational axis (A) by reciprocating linear motion of the rodrack assembly () along a first spatial dimension (D) orthogonal to the rotational axis (A), and/or the gearshaft member () is configured to provide reciprocating linear motion of the rodrack assembly () along the first spatial dimension (D) by rotational motion of the gearshaft member () about the rotational axis (A). The guiding surface arrangement () is configured to simultaneously contact each guide member () during at least a portion of the reciprocating linear motion of the rodrack assembly (). 1100. A motion conversion apparatus () comprising:{'b': 110', '120', '140, 'at least one rodrack assembly () comprising a first gear connection member () and two guide members (); and'}{'b': 150', '160', '120', '170', '140, 'a gearshaft member () comprising a second gear connection member () configured to engage with the first gear connection member (), and a guiding surface arrangement () configured to contact the two guide members (),'}{'b': 110', '150', '110', '1', '150', '110', '1', '150, 'the at least one rodrack assembly () being configured to provide rotation of the gearshaft member () about a rotational axis (A) by reciprocating linear motion of the at least one rodrack assembly () along a first spatial dimension (D) orthogonal to the rotational axis (A), and/or the gearshaft member () being configured to provide reciprocating linear motion of the at least one rodrack assembly () along the first spatial dimension (D) by ...

EXPANDER AND AIR REFRIGERATION DEVICE WITH THE SAME

According to one embodiment, an expander includes a piston provided reciprocatively in a first direction in a cylinder, a crankshaft, an XY-separation crank mechanism provided between the piston and the crankshaft, which converts a reciprocating motion of the piston and a rotary motion of the crankshaft into one another, a cylinder head including an intake port and an outlet port, a suction valve which opens/closes the intake port, a discharge valve which opens/closes the outlet port, an intake-side valve mechanism which opens/closes the suction valve and an outlet-side valve mechanism which opens/closes the discharge valve. At least one of the intake-side and outlet-side valve mechanisms includes an XY separation drive mechanism. 1. An expander comprising:a piston provided reciprocatively in a first direction in a cylinder;a crankshaft extending to intersects perpendicularly a reference plane including a moving axis in the first direction of the piston;an XY-separation crank mechanism provided between the piston and the crankshaft, which converts a reciprocating motion of the piston and a rotary motion of the crankshaft into one another, the XY-separation crank mechanism comprising a support member reciprocative in the first direction, and a crank connection member provided reciprocatively on the support member in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, to which a crank of the crankshaft is rotatably engaged, and a coupling member which couples the piston and the support member so as to reciprocate together with the piston and the support member in the first direction,a cylinder head provided on the cylinder to define a first expansion/compression chamber between the cylinder head and the piston, and including an intake port and an outlet port which communicate to the first expansion/compression chamber;a suction valve supported reciprocatively by the cylinder head in a third direction, which opens/closes the intake porta discharge valve supported ...

FLUID ROTARY MACHINE

The object of the present invention is to provide a fluid rotary machine in which dead spaces can be reduced as much as possible even if the machine is enlarged by arranging rotary valves directly behind cylinder chambers. The fluid rotary machine in which first and second double-headed pistons () intersecting within a case body () move linearly back and forth within cylinders () due to the hypocycloid principle along with rotation of shafts () and in which intake and exhaust cycles are repeated in chambers (), wherein cylinder heads () for closing the cylinder chambers () are each provided with rotary valves () which are rotated by drive transmission from the shafts () and which are provided with intake holes and discharge holes () alternately communicated with the cylinder chambers () via communication channels (), and the rotary valves () intersect longitudinal axis of the opposing pistons () and are capable of rotating parallel with output axil lines. 1. A fluid rotary machine in which first and second double-headed pistons intersecting within a case body move linearly back and forth within cylinders due to the hypocycloid principle along with rotation of shafts , and in which intake and exhaust cycles are repeated in chambers ,wherein cylinder heads for closing the cylinder chambers are each provided with rotary valves which are rotated by drive transmission from the shafts and which are provided with intake holes and discharge holes alternately communicated with the cylinder chambers via communication channels, and the rotary valves intersect longitudinal axis of the opposing pistons and are capable of rotating parallel with output axil lines.2. The fluid rotary machine according to claim 1 , wherein the communication channels claim 1 , which are formed in the cylinder heads so as to communicate each of the cylinder chambers with the intake holes and the discharge holes of the rotary valves claim 1 , are symmetrically formed with respect to a surface including ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises at least two engine blocks which are coupled to one another and each of which includes at least two cylinders, each cylinder being connected to a common drive shaft via a transmission and a clutch. If there is a problem with one engine block, same can be disconnected from the drive shaft so that the engine can continue to operate by means of the other engine block. 1. An internal combustion engine , comprisingat least two engine blocks which are coupled to one another and each of which includes at least one, preferably two, cylinders, each cylinder being connected to a common drive shaft via a transmission and a clutch.2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 ,whereinthe two engine blocks are designed in a V-shape such that the cylinder heads are arranged in a V-shape and that the drive shaft is arranged in the region of the V-clearance between the cylinder heads.3. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 ,whereineach engine block comprises a crankshaft.4. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 ,whereinthe clutches are adapted such that they allow for coupling the (respective) crankshaft to the drive shaft only in one single angular position.5. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 ,whereinthe clutches are designed as claw clutches.6. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 ,whereinthe engine comprises a bottom-mounted camshaft.7. The internal combustion engine according to claim 6 ,whereina means for decoupling rocker arms and tappets is provided such as to allow for switching off cylinders.8. The internal combustion engine according to claim 2 ,whereina water cooling means for cooling the cylinder heads is provided, wherein the drive shaft has at least one centrifugal fan, which is also adapted for additionally cooling the cylinders, arranged thereon.9. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 ,whereinthe engine blocks each ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An internal combustion engine is described, and includes a method for operating that includes determining an observed carbon monoxide (CO) ratio in an exhaust gas feedstream, determining an observed in-cylinder scavenging based upon the observed CO ratio in the exhaust gas feedstream, and controlling, by a controller, control states for the variable cam phasing system to control opening times of engine intake valves in relation to closing times of engine exhaust valves based upon the observed in-cylinder scavenging. 1. A method for operating an internal combustion engine including a variable cam phasing system , the method comprising:determining an observed carbon monoxide (CO) ratio in an exhaust gas feedstream;determining an observed in-cylinder scavenging ratio based upon the magnitude of CO in the exhaust gas feedstream; andcontrolling, by a controller, control states for the variable cam phasing system to control opening times of engine intake valves in relation to closing times of engine exhaust valves based upon the observed in-cylinder scavenging ratio.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the magnitude of CO in the exhaust gas feedstream comprises determining an amount of CO in the exhaust gas feedstream as a percent of the exhaust gas feedstream.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining a magnitude of CO in an exhaust gas feedstream comprises determining a magnitude of CO in an exhaust gas feedstream employing one of an exhaust gas sensor and a virtual sensor.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining an observed in-cylinder scavenging ratio based upon the observed CO in the exhaust gas feedstream comprises:determining an in-cylinder lambda based upon the magnitude of CO in the exhaust gas feedstream;determining an in-cylinder trapped air mass and a scavenging air mass based upon the in-cylinder lambda; anddetermining the observed scavenging ratio based upon the scavenging air mass.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein determining the in- ...

ATTITUDE-SUPPORTING APPARATUS OF WEARABLE ROBOT AND ATTITUDE-SUPPORTING METHOD USING THE SAME

An attitude-supporting apparatus of a wearable robot includes an actuator for generating a hydraulic pressure by a worker's direct manipulation, and a driving unit including, the driving unit including: an inner component and an outer component capable of relatively rotating, and control components for controlling the relative rotations of the inner component and the outer component, wherein a motion of the control components is controlled by receiving the hydraulic pressure generated from the actuator. 1. An attitude-supporting apparatus of a wearable robot , the attitude-supporting apparatus comprising:an actuator for generating a hydraulic pressure by a worker's direct manipulation; anda driving unit, the driving unit including: an inner component and an outer component capable of relatively rotating, and control components for controlling the relative rotations of the inner component and the outer component,wherein a motion of the control components is controlled by receiving the hydraulic pressure generated from the actuator.2. The attitude-supporting apparatus of claim 1 , whereinthe driving unit is provided in plural and each of the plurality of driving units are connected to each other in series, andbetween neighboring driving units, each inner component is connected to an associated outer component.3. The attitude-supporting apparatus of claim 2 , whereinthe plurality of driving units is configured to respectively receive the hydraulic pressure from the actuator through a hydraulic pressure line.4. The attitude-supporting apparatus of claim 2 , whereinin the plurality of driving units connected to each other in series, an outer component of a driving unit disposed at a first end of the plurality of driving units is connected to a first wearable device, and an inner component of a driving unit disposed at a second end of the plurality of driving units is connected to a second wearable device.5. The attitude-supporting apparatus of claim 4 , whereinthe first ...

CRANKSHAFT ASSEMBLY

There is presented various embodiments disclosed in this application, including an improved crankshaft system using a load connecting member which provides a greater maximum torque angle than a conventional system, thereby improving efficiency and power. 1. A crankshaft assembly comprising:a rotatable shaft having a center axis,a crank means positioned transversely to the center axis, wherein an interior portion of the crank means is fixedly coupled to the rotatable shaft,a load transfer member having a first end connecting pin, a second end connecting pin, and an interior connecting pin, wherein the interior connecting pin is rotatably coupled to the crank means,a first connecting rod having exterior end and an interior end, wherein the interior end of the first connecting rod is rotatably coupled to the first end connecting pin, anda second connecting rod having exterior end and an interior end, wherein the interior end of the second connecting rod is rotatably coupled to the second end connecting pin.2. The crankshaft assembly of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a crank member having an interior end and an exterior end positioned transversely to the longitudinal axis claim 1 , wherein the interior end is the interior portion and the exterior end is rotatably coupled to the interior connecting pin of the load transfer member.3. The crankshaft assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a counter weight coupled to the interior end of the crank means.4. The crankshaft assembly of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a crank wheel.5. The crankshaft assembly of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a first crank member and a second crank member each having an interior end and an exterior end claim 1 , wherein each exterior end is positioned transversely to the center axis and each interior end is the interior portion claim 1 , and each exterior end is rotatably coupled to the interior connecting pin of the load transfer member.6. The crankshaft assembly of wherein the ...

BEARING DEVICE FOR RADIAL PISTON MACHINE

A bearing device includes a piston arranged in a cylinder of a rotor, and a half bearing mounted on the piston to support a roller. The piston includes a recessed holding surface, and holding side surfaces on both axial sides thereof. Each holding side surface includes a ridge portion having an arc-shaped or elliptic-arc-shaped profile protruding toward a radially inner side of the piston. The half bearing includes a partially cylindrical portion, and protruding portions at a circumferential center thereof. Each protruding portion has a protruding portion end face which includes a central recessed surface, and two support recessed surfaces located on both circumferential sides thereof, that have an arc shape or an elliptic arc shape to correspond to the profile of the ridge portion, so that only the two support recessed surfaces are in contact with the ridge portion. 1. A bearing device for a radial piston machine , comprising:a cam ring having a cam face on a radially inner side thereof;a rotor rotatably supported in the cam ring and having a plurality of cylinders formed radially with respect to a rotational axis of the rotor;a cylindrical piston arranged slidably in the cylinder;a cylindrical roller arranged at an axial end of the piston on a cam ring side, a rotational axis of the roller being arranged parallel to the rotational axis of the rotor so that the roller rolls on the cam face; anda half bearing arranged between the piston and the roller, the half bearing being composed of a slide layer forming an inner circumferential surface for supporting the roller and a steel back metal layer forming an outer circumferential surface held by the piston, wherein:the piston comprises, at the axial end on the cam ring side, a recessed holding surface of partial cylindrical shape for holding the half bearing, and holding side surfaces formed on both axial sides of the recessed holding surface;{'claim-text': ['a ridge portion extending in a radial direction of the ...

BEARING DEVICE FOR RADIAL PISTON MACHINE

A bearing device includes a piston arranged in a cylinder of a rotor, and a half bearing mounted on the piston to support a roller. The piston includes a recessed holding surface, and holding side surfaces on both axial sides thereof. Each holding side surface includes a ridge portion having an arc-shaped or elliptic-arc-shaped profile protruding toward a radially inner side of the piston. The half bearing includes a partially cylindrical portion, and protruding portions protruding from axial end faces thereof. Each protruding portion has a protruding portion end face which includes a central recessed surface, and two support recessed surfaces located on both circumferential sides thereof, that have an arc shape or an elliptic arc shape to correspond to the profile of the ridge portion, so that only the two support recessed surfaces are in contact with the ridge portion. 1. A bearing device for a radial piston machine , comprising:a cam ring having a cam face on a radially inner side thereof;a rotor rotatably supported in the cam ring and having a plurality of cylinders formed radially with respect to a rotational axis of the rotor;a cylindrical piston arranged slidably in the cylinder;a cylindrical roller arranged at an axial end of the piston on a cam ring side, a rotational axis of the roller being arranged parallel to the rotational axis of the rotor so that the roller rolls on the cam face; anda half bearing arranged between the piston and the roller, the half bearing being composed of a slide layer forming an inner circumferential surface for supporting the roller and a steel back metal layer forming an outer circumferential surface held by the piston, wherein:the piston comprises, at the axial end on the cam ring side, a recessed holding surface of partial cylindrical shape for holding the half bearing, and holding side surfaces formed on both axial sides of the recessed holding surface; a ridge portion extending in a radial direction of the recessed holding ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An internal combustion engine including at least two cylinders with parallel longitudinal axes, each cylinder including an opening and a piston capable of moving in translation inside the cylinder, the respective openings of the cylinders facing each other, the pistons being in kinematic relation with a connecting rod-crank mechanism including: a spacer connecting the pistons, suitable for maintaining a fixed spacing between the pistons, the pistons being respectively attached to the arms of the spacer, a crankshaft rotating about an axis, arranged between the openings of the cylinders and between the longitudinal axes of the cylinders, the crankshaft comprising a crank pin, a rocker rotating about the crank pin, at least one connecting rod including a first so-called “bottom” end, rigidly attached to the spacer and a second so-called “head” end, rigidly attached to one of the ends of the rocker. 1. An internal combustion engine comprising at least two cylinders with parallel longitudinal axes , each cylinder comprising an opening and a piston capable of moving in translation inside said cylinder , said respective openings in said cylinders facing one another , said pistons being in kinematic relation with a connecting rod/crank mechanism , characterized in that said connecting rod/crank mechanism comprises:a spacer connecting said pistons, adapted to maintain a fixed spacing between said pistons, such that a translational movement of one piston causes the other piston to perform the same translational movement, said pistons being respectively attached to arms of said spacer,a crankshaft rotatably mounted about an axis, arranged between the openings in the cylinders and between the longitudinal axes of said cylinders, said crankshaft comprising a crank pin,a rocker rotatably mounted about the crank pin, comprising two ends arranged on either side of said crank pin,at least one connecting rod comprising a first end, referred to as the “small end”, secured to the ...

Uniflow Steam Engine

Improvements to the steam engine for the purpose of small scale generation of electricity using biomass fuels and for co-generation of heat and electricity using biomass fuels in both developed and less developed countries are described. The engine is particularly well adapted to co-generation where the thermal load, as in building heating and many process applications, is extremely variable, because of its ability to operate efficiently under partial load. For the same reason, it would be suited to solar generated steam. Experiments have been conducted with steam as the working fluid. The design may in some or all respects be applied to other working fluids. 1. A steam engine comprising:a cylinder, having two ends and a sidewall, having an exhaust port disposed in said sidewall;a reciprocating piston disposed in said cylinder, separating said cylinder into an upper cylinder region and a lower cylinder region;an upper steam chest, disposed at one end of said cylinder;a lower steam chest, disposed at a second end of said cylinder; an upper valve port passing through said plate and connecting said cylinder and said upper steam chest; and', 'an upper inlet valve, disposed above said upper valve port and retained in place by an upper valve retainer, wherein said upper inlet valve comprises a leaf spring, normally biased in an arched shape so as to allow passage of steam between said upper steam chest and said cylinder in an open position; and, 'an upper valve plate comprising a lower valve port passing through said plate and connecting said cylinder and said lower steam chest; and', 'a lower inlet valve, disposed below said lower valve port and retained in place by a lower valve retainer, wherein said lower inlet valve comprises a stainless steel leaf spring, normally biased in an arched shape so as to allow passage of steam between said lower steam chest and said cylinder in an open position., 'a lower valve plate comprising2. The steam engine of claim 1 , wherein ...

CRANKSHAFT ASSEMBLY

There is presented various embodiments disclosed in this application, including an improved crankshaft system using a load connecting member which provides a greater maximum torque angle than a conventional system, thereby improving efficiency and power. 1. A crankshaft assembly comprising:a rotatable shaft having a center axis,a crank means positioned transversely to the center axis, wherein an interior portion of the crank means is fixedly coupled to the rotatable shaft,a load transfer member having a first end connecting pin, a second end connecting pin, and an interior connecting pin, wherein the interior connecting pin is rotatably coupled to the crank means,a first connecting rod having exterior end and an interior end, wherein the interior end of the first connecting rod is rotatably coupled to the first end connecting pin, anda second connecting rod having exterior end and an interior end, wherein the interior end of the second connecting rod is rotatably coupled to the second end connecting pin.2. The crankshaft assembly of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a crank member having an interior end and an exterior end positioned transversely to the longitudinal axis claim 1 , wherein the interior end is the interior portion and the exterior end is rotatably coupled to the interior connecting pin of the load transfer member.3. The crankshaft assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a counter weight coupled to the interior end of the crank means.4. The crankshaft assembly of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a crank wheel.5. The crankshaft assembly of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a first crank member and a second crank member each having an interior end and an exterior end claim 1 , wherein each exterior end is positioned transversely to the center axis and each interior end is the interior portion claim 1 , and each exterior end is rotatably coupled to the interior connecting pin of the load transfer member.6. The crankshaft assembly of wherein the ...

Two-stroke engine with improved performance

A two-stroke engine includes a crankcase. A power cylinder extends from the crankcase. The power cylinder selectively fluidly communicates with the crankcase to scavenge the power cylinder. A power piston is reciprocably disposed in the power cylinder. A compressor cylinder extends from the crankcase. The compressor cylinder selectively fluidly communicates with the power cylinder to introduce a pressurized air/fuel mixture into the power cylinder. A compressor piston is reciprocably disposed in the compressor cylinder.

ENGINE CYLINDER ASSEMBLY AND COUNTER-ROTATING COMBUSTION ENGINE CONSTRUCTED WITH THE USE OF IT

A cylinder assembly includes a cylinder with an inlet channel of compressed air and an outlet channel of exhaust gas located in the middle which is closed by a head and a partition. One end of a push rod goes through a linear slide bearing located in the partition. A working piston is rigidly embedded on the push rod. Bottom and top compensating pistons are separated from the working piston by spiral compensating springs. A counter-rotating combustion engine including a crank mechanism is connected to two oppositely directed identical cylinder assemblies via an engine case. The crank mechanism constitutes a crankshaft having two crank half shafts lying opposite each other and connected rotationally. The crank mechanism includes two pairs of connecting rods whose ends are rotationally connected to one of crank half shafts via a rotary shaft. The other ends of the connecting rods are connected to one of two shafts, each connected to a push rod of a cylinder assembly. 1111. A cylinder assembly of an engine which comprises a cylinder with two combustion chambers which is closed by a head at one side , whereas at the engine case side it is closed by a partition with a linear slide bearing of the partition located in the middle , one end of a push rod goes through the slide bearing of the partition , projects out of the cylinder and is connected to a connecting rod in an oscillatory way , a working piston is rigidly embedded on said push rod inside the cylinder , there is an inlet channel of compressed air and an outlet channel of exhaust gas in the middle of the cylinder , furthermore a fuel injector , a steam injector and ignition element are situated in the head and in the partition , wherein a bottom compensating piston that is sealed to the cylinder is located on the push rod section between the working piston and the partition via the linear bottom slide bearing , moreover there is an adjoining bottom spiral spring between the working piston and the bottom ...

Piston Unit and Hydrostatic Radial-Piston Machine

A piston unit includes a piston which has a rolling element seat configured to rotatably support a rolling element. The rolling element seat has a bearing surface with a surface coating composed of a polymer compound or with a ceramic surface coating. 1. A piston unit of a hydrostatic machine , comprising:a piston including a rolling element seat configured to rotatably support a rolling element, the rolling element seat including a bearing surface,wherein the bearing surface has one of a surface coating composed of a polymer compound and a ceramic surface coating.2. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polymer compound has a layer thickness of approximately 40 to 80 μm.3. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polymer compound is a dispersion before it is applied.4. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polymer compound is applied in at least two layers.5. The piston unit as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the polymer compound in a first layer differs from the polymer compound in a second layer.6. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ceramic surface coating has a layer thickness of approximately 25 to 35 μm.7. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface coating is applied to the bearing surface in the form of an aerosol.8. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bearing surface is integrally formed with the piston.9. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rolling element is supported directly on the bearing surface.10. The piston unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface coating of the bearing surface extends so far in a longitudinal direction of the piston that the rolling element is at least partially supported in a radial direction of the piston.11. A hydrostatic radial-piston machine claim 1 , comprising:at least one piston unit including a piston, the piston having a rolling element seat configured to rotatably support a rolling element,wherein the rolling ...

PRESSURE CONTROLLED HYDRAULIC ENGINE

An engine and corresponding driving propulsion system may provide continuous force necessary to keep the engine operating. Utilizing two pressurized tanks with high and low pressures may provide a continuous flow of pressure to the engine necessary for it to operate. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first high pressure tank provides the gas pressure increase to the gas chamber.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein as the cylinder head moves the first gas pressure level of the first high pressure tank decreases.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein once the cylinder head has moved claim 1 , the hydraulic gas pressure is exhausted into the second high pressure tank which increases the second gas pressure level.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an air compressor connected to the first high pressure tank and the second high pressure tank.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the air compressor performs at least one of lowers and increases the first gas pressure level.7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the air compressor performs at least one of lowers and increases the second gas pressure level.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gas is air.9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a transmission connected to the engine configured to change gears.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first gas pressure level of the first tank is initially set three times greater than the second gas pressure level of the second tank.11. A system claim 1 , comprising:an engine comprising a plurality of cylinder head adapters configured to receive a corresponding plurality of hydraulic ram cylinders;at least one hydraulic ram cylinder comprising an oil chamber, a gas chamber, and a cylinder head, wherein gas pressure received from at least one of a first high pressure gas tank and a second high pressure gas tank causes a gas pressure of the gas chamber to increase which causes the cylinder head to move away from the oil chamber, and to pump oil into the oil chamber; andan ...

J-ENGINE

Various exemplary embodiments relate to an engine including a cylindrical cassette that converts linear into rotational motion. The linear motion is provided by a normal cylinder and valve mechanism driving pistons in a reciprocating motion, and the rotational motion is transmitted to an output shaft. Further embodiments relate to methods of converting linear motion to rotational motion by using a cylindrical cassette. 1. A method of converting linear motion from a set of sources to rotational motion comprising the steps of:transmitting the linear motion from a set of sources to a set of racks;the racks alternately rotating a pair of axially aligned cylindrical cassettes in opposite directions of rotation;the cassettes alternately transmitting the rotational motion through one half of the rotation to an output load shaft.2. The method of where the set of sources are a set of reciprocating piston and cylinders.3. The method of where each cylindrical cassette has a cylindrical inner sleeve and a cylindrical outer sleeve claim 2 , the inner sleeve fitting inside the outer sleeve and configured so that when the outer sleeve is rotated in a first direction claim 2 , the inner sleeve is also rotated claim 2 , and when the outer sleeve is rotated in a second direction opposite to the first direction claim 2 , the inner sleeve is not rotated; said cassette having a bevel gear at each axial end; and said outer sleeve having teeth oriented along the axis of the cassette.4. The method of claim 3 , where the inner sleeve has two combs and the outer sleeve has two sets of retractable fingers configured to interact with said combs.5. The method of claim 3 , where the inner sleeve has four combs and the outer sleeve has four sets of retractable fingers configured to interact with said combs.6. A method of converting linear motion from a set of sources to rotational motion comprising the steps of:transmitting the linear motion from a set of sources to a set of racks;the racks ...

Crankshaft having balance weight

A crankshaft having a balance weight, the crankshaft a crank pin eccentric to a rotation axis of the crankshaft, a connecting rod connecting the crank pin and a piston, and a balance weight disposed to be opposite to the crank pin in the crankshaft, wherein the balance weight has radius which is a distance between the rotation axis of a crankshaft and an exterior circumferential surface of the balance weight, and wherein the radius of the balance weight is formed differently depending on a rotation direction of the balance weight.

Bypass Feeder Device

A device and method for chemicals to be fed into a water system, treating the water system as it enters, for example, a fire protection mains and/or fire protection systems (FPS) to protect and maintain the longevity of the water system preventing damages to the water system or enhancing the operation characteristics of the system. This device is a treatment system that may be installed as a portable or permanent device with chemicals such as, corrosion inhibitors, wetting agents, polymeric dispersants, biocides, biostats or other water chemical enhancing effects with means for injecting the chemicals into the fire protection system or a bypass feed system utilizing the fluid means without the need for any electricity. Activation of the pump occurs when water enters the FPS mains and FPS sprinkler system from an outside source. Valving is included to isolate the pump and drums, storage tank to prevent backflow from the FPS. 1. An apparatus for automatically feeding a precise amount of at least one chemical to a flow of a fluid system , said apparatus comprising:at least one pump having a motor piston, coupled to at least one chemical container, said motor piston drawing an amount of the at least one chemical from said container that is directly proportional to a volume of fluid entering said pump only when said pump is exposed to the flow of said fluid system, said motor piston avoiding any contact with said at least one chemical while said pump is exposed to the flow of said fluid system;an inlet valve for coupling an upstream side of said pump to said fluid system and an outlet valve for coupling a downstream side of said pump to said fluid system to form a bypass for diverting a portion of the fluid flow therethrough.2. The apparatus of wherein said at least one pump comprises a mixing chamber claim 1 , said motor piston drawing into said mixing chamber said amount of said at least one chemical from said container caused by pressure in the fluid flow and wherein ...

ROTARY ACTUATOR

A rotary actuator () having a reference structure (), an output member () arranged for rotary movement relative to the reference structure, a first linear motor () arranged to selectively apply an output force urging a first motor member () and a second motor member () apart along a generally linear direction, in which the first linear motor is configured and arranged to cause a torque between the output member and the reference structure in a first direction, and second linear motor () arranged to selectively apply an output force urging a second linear motor first member () and a second motor member () apart along a generally linear direction, in which the second linear motor is configured and arranged to cause a torque between the output member and the reference structure in a direction opposite to the first direction. 1. A rotary actuator comprising:a reference structure;an output member arranged for rotary movement relative to said reference structure about an axis;a first linear motor having a first member and a second member, said first linear motor configured and arranged to selectively apply an output force urging said first member and said second member apart along a generally linear direction;said first linear motor first member coupled to said reference structure;said first linear motor second member coupled to said output member and configured and arranged to cause a torque between said output member and said reference structure in a first direction about said axis when said first linear motor applies said output force;a second linear motor having a first member and a second member, said second linear motor configured and arranged to selectively apply an output force urging said second linear motor first member and said second linear motor second member apart along a generally linear direction;said second linear motor first member coupled to said reference structure; andsaid second linear motor second member coupled to said output member and configured ...

Chemical Engines and Methods for Their Use, Especially in the Injection of Highly Viscous Fluids

Chemical engines and processes for their use and construction are described. The chemical engines can provide powerful and compact devices, especially autoinjectors for the rapid, powered injection of viscous medicines. Novel formulations and designs of chemical engines and delivery technologies employing the chemical engines are described. 1. A chemical engine , comprising:a closed container comprising an acid, bicarbonate, water, and a plunger;a mechanism adapted to combine the acid, the water, and the bicarbonate; and{'sup': '3', 'sub': '2', 'further characterized by a power density of at least 50,000 W/m, as measured at a constant nominal backpressure of 40 N, or a power density ratio of at least 1.4 as compared to a control comprising a 3:1 molar ratio of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid and having a concentration of 403 mg citric acid in 1 g HO.'}2. The chemical engine of characterized by a power density of at least 250 claim 1 ,000 W/m.3. The chemical engine of characterized by a power density in the range of 100 claim 1 ,000 W/mto 1×10W/m.4. The chemical engine of characterized by a power density ratio with the control in the range of 1.4 to about 5.5. The chemical engine of wherein at least 50 wt % of the bicarbonate is a solid.6. The chemical engine of wherein the bicarbonate comprises at least 50 wt % potassium bicarbonate.7. The chemical engine of wherein the closed container further comprises a convection agent.8. The chemical engine of wherein the closed container comprises 1.5 mL or less of a liquid.9. The chemical engine of wherein the closed container has a total internal volume claim 1 , prior to combining the acid and the carbonate claim 1 , of 2 mL or less.10. The chemical engine of wherein the bicarbonate comprises a solid mixture of at least two types of particle morphologies.11. The chemical engine of wherein the acid and the water are present as an acid solution comprising the acid dissolved in water claim 1 , and wherein the acid solution ...

PNEUMATIC ENERGY MACHINE

A pneumatic motor includes a pressure supply system, a power output system, a reset system, and a control system. In the pneumatic motor, pressure differences are formed between a first gas storage device, a second gas storage device, a third gas storage device and the atmosphere, a piston and other components are driven to move by the pressure differences, thereby converting the pressure energy into kinetic energy and continuously outputting energy. The pneumatic motor doesn't employ fuel oil to output energy, thus the pneumatic motor is green and environmental friendly. Meanwhile, with a special structure design, the pressure in the first gas storage device can be continuously converted into a driving force to be outputted, and the pneumatic motor may not dissipate heat outwards, thereby greatly reducing the heat loss and improving the energy conversion efficiency. 1. A pneumatic motor , comprising: 'wherein the pressure supply system comprises a first gas storage device, a piston cylinder sleeve is provided inside the gas storage device, a high-pressure piston is movably arranged inside the piston cylinder sleeve, the high-pressure piston is in airtight contact with an inner wall of the piston cylinder sleeve, a first driving rod extending out of the first gas storage device is provided on the high-pressure piston, the piston cylinder sleeve is further provided with a piston connecting component, the piston connecting component has one end inserted into the piston cylinder sleeve and being movable inside the piston cylinder sleeve, an end portion of this end of the piston connecting component is configured to abut against the high-pressure piston, the piston connecting component has another end on which a locking and pressing connection cylinder is slidably arranged, and the locking and pressing connection cylinder is hermetically connected to the piston connecting component and is in communication with atmosphere, and a second driving rod extending out of the ...

Compressed Fluid Motor, and Compressed Fluid Powered Vehicle

A compressed fluid motor comprising at least one solenoid valve, motor timing sensor, and controller for operating the motor. 120.-. (canceled)21. A motor vehicle , comprising:a frame or body;a plurality of wheels supporting the frame or body for movement on a surface;a steering arrangement for steering the motor vehicle;a compressed air motor operatively connected to at least one wheel for driving the motor vehicle;a low pressure air connected to the compressed air motor; anda high pressure air tank connected to the low pressure air tank.22. The vehicle according to claim 21 , further comprising an air pressure regulator located between the high pressure air tank and low pressure air tank.23. The vehicle according to claim 21 , further comprising an air pressure regulator located between the lower pressure air tank and the compressed air motor.24. The vehicle according to claim 22 , further comprising another air pressure regulator located between the lower pressure air tank and the compressed air motor.25. The vehicle according to claim 21 , further comprising a transmission operatively connecting the compressed air motor to at least one of the plurality of wheels.26. The vehicle according to claim 25 , further comprising a differential operatively connecting the transmission to at least one of the plurality of wheels.27. The vehicle according to claim 26 , wherein the transmission is a transaxle.28. The vehicle according to claim 27 , wherein the compressed air motor and differential are coupled to the transaxle to form an integrated drive unit.29. The vehicle according to claim 21 , wherein the compressed fluid motor claim 21 , comprises:a motor unit comprising a plurality of cylinders;a drive shaft rotatably disposed within the motor unit;a piston slidably disposed within each cylinder;a piston rod connecting each piston to the drive shaft;a timing sensor configured to generate an electrical timing sensor signal to be used to control timing of the motor;at ...

CRANKSHAFT ASSEMBLY

There is presented various embodiments disclosed in this application, including an improved crankshaft system using a load connecting member which provides a greater maximum torque angle than a conventional system, thereby improving efficiency and power. 1. A crankshaft assembly comprising:a rotatable shaft having a center axis,a crank means positioned transversely to the center axis, wherein an interior portion of the crank means is fixedly coupled to the rotatable shaft,a load transfer member having a first end connecting pin, a second end connecting pin, and an interior connecting pin, wherein the interior connecting pin is rotatably coupled to the crank means,a first connecting rod having exterior end and an interior end, wherein the interior end of the first connecting rod is rotatably coupled to the first end connecting pin, anda second connecting rod having exterior end and an interior end, wherein the interior end of the second connecting rod is rotatably coupled to the second end connecting pin.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a crank member having an interior end and an exterior end positioned transversely to the longitudinal axis claim 1 , wherein the interior end is the interior portion and the exterior end is rotatably coupled to the interior connecting pin of the load transfer member.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a counter weight coupled to the interior end of the crank means.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a crank wheel.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the crank means is a first crank member and a second crank member each having an interior end and an exterior end claim 1 , wherein each exterior end is positioned transversely to the center axis and each interior end is the interior portion claim 1 , and each exterior end is rotatably coupled to the interior connecting pin of the load transfer member.6. The system of wherein the distance between the first end connecting pin and the interior ...

曲柄多圆滑块往复活塞式内燃机

本发明涉及内燃机，特别是用圆滑块取代连杆所构成的曲柄圆滑块往复活塞式内燃机。包含有缸体、活塞、圆滑块、曲轴等的曲柄圆滑块机构。缸体中有跑道，跑道中有动平衡滑块。圆滑块有至少三个，联成一体，其相邻圆滑块的相位差180°，各圆滑块分别可旋转地装在活塞或动平衡滑块中，且全部套装在同一根曲柄销上。动平衡性优良，结构简巧，与已有同型机比较，体积和重量为30～50％，加工工时为50～60％，通用件达70％，使用可靠，寿命长，能耗低。

Patent AU428074B2

Cassette clamping mechanism

A mechanism having a pair of pivoting cassette clamping bars. The clamping bars are connected to a pneumatic cylinder or an electromechanical actuator through a series of links and an actuator wheel so that extension and retraction of the pneumatic cylinder or the electromechanical actuator causes the clamping bars to rotate and counter-rotate. The use of a pneumatic cylinder provides smooth, well-controlled movement of the clamping bars.

Cassette clamping mechanism

A mechanism having a pair of pivoting cassette clamping bars. The clamping bars are connected to a pneumatic cylinder or an electromechanical actuator through a series of links and an actuator wheel so that extension and retraction of the pneumatic cylinder or the electromechanical actuator causes the clamping bars to rotate and counter-rotate. The use of a pneumatic cylinder provides smooth, well-controlled movement of the clamping bars.

Cassette clamping mechanism

Cassette clamping mechanism

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Piston machine

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: shaft is made up as a rotor of an electric motor. A corresponding winding of the stator is mounted inside the housing. The pusher is connected with the housing through a spline joint. The side of the pusher is provided with at least one longitudinal groove. The housing is provided with answering groove to receive at least one ball for permitting a contact with the wall of the longitudinal groove. The pusher may be made up as a cylinder or made in block with the piston. The transmitting link may be rigidly connected with the shaft and made up as a cylinder or ball. The shaft has a radial opening wherein axially symmetric transmitting link is received for permitting rotation about its axis. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 10 cl, 1 dwg с60$10с ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК ВИ” 2 073 092 ' 13) СЛ Е 01 В 1/08, 3/08, 9/06, Е 02 75/24, 75/32, Е 04В 9/02 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 5036125/06, 30.03.1992 (46) Дата публикации: 10.02.1997 (56) Ссылки: Авторское свидетельство СССР М 1649112, кл. Е 04 В 90.2, 1991. (71) Заявитель: Соколов Александр Григорьевич, Черников Сергей Никитович, Марков Яков Грч (72) Изобретатель: Соколов Александр Григорьевич, Черников Сергей Никитович, Марков Яков Грч (73) Патентообладатель: Соколов Александр Григорьевич, Черников Сергей Никитович, Марков Яков Грч (54) ПОРШНЕВАЯ МАШИНА (57) Реферат: Использование: в машиностроении при проектировании поршневых машин с преобразованием возвратно-поступательного движения поршней во вращательное движение вала, и наоборот, посредством криволинейных поверхностей. Сущность изобретения: вал выполнен в виде ротора электродвигателя, в корпусе соответственно ему установлена обмотка статора, толкатель связан с корпусом шлицевым соединением, а на его боковой поверхности выполнена по крайней мере одна продольная канавка, в корпусе выполнен соответствующий ей паз и в нем размещен с ...

Rotary pneumatic motor

FIELD: engine devices and pumps. SUBSTANCE: pneumatic motor is designed to convert reciprocating motion of a piston into a reciprocating motion of an actuator. The pneumatic motor has a body with pipe unions for gas supply, a rotary mechanism with a shaft. The body is made in the form of a cylinder with sealed chambers on its two sides, each of which is formed by the movable piston and the union fixed on the end of cylinder. In the central zone of the piston there is a transverse groove, in which two pins are installed. The rotary mechanism is made in the form of a fork fixed with the shaft and provided with possibility of engagement when turning with one of the pins. EFFECT: simplification of design and weight reduction. 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 634 346 C1 (51) МПК F15B 15/06 (2006.01) F01B 1/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016145572, 21.11.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 21.11.2016 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 21.11.2016 (45) Опубликовано: 25.10.2017 Бюл. № 30 (54) ПОВОРОТНЫЙ ПНЕВМОДВИГАТЕЛЬ (57) Реферат: Пневмодвигатель предназначен для преобразования возвратно-поступательного движения поршня в возвратно-поворотное движение исполнительного механизма. Пневмодвигатель содержит корпус со штуцерами для подачи газа, поворотный механизм с валом. Корпус выполнен в виде цилиндра, с двух сторон которого имеются герметичные камеры, каждая из которых образована подвижным поршнем и R U 2 6 3 4 3 4 6 1760189 А1, 07.09.1992. SU 973958 А, 15.11.1982. DE 2152956 A, 26.04.1973. US 4281588 A, 04.08.1981. Стр.: 1 C 1 C 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: SU 1285162 A1, 23.01.1987. SU 2 6 3 4 3 4 6 Адрес для переписки: 607188, Нижегородская обл., г. Саров, пр. Мира, 37, ФГУП "РФЯЦ-ВНИИЭФ", зам. начальника службы по инновациям и инвестициям начальнику управления В.Е. Миронову (73) Патентообладатель(и): ...

2 Cycle Rotary Engine

본 발명은 2행정 로우터리 엔진에 관한 것으로, 출력축 주변에 서로 대칭된 다수 개의 실린더와 크랭크케이스를 설치하되, 각각의 크랭크축에서 발생되는 고속 회전력은 크랭크축과 일체된 소기어가 엔진 외부 케이스와 연결 고정된 하나의 대기어 주위에 맞물려 돌아, 감속된 회전력으로 출력축에 전달하는 방식으로 엔진 본체 즉, 실린더와 크랭크케이스가 회전하는 2행정 로우터리 엔진에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a two-stroke rotary engine, wherein a plurality of cylinders and crankcases symmetrical to each other are installed around the output shaft, and the high speed torque generated in each crankshaft is a small gear integrated with the crankshaft and the engine outer case. It relates to a two-stroke rotary engine in which the engine body, that is, the cylinder and the crankcase, rotate in such a manner as to engage around a fixed fixed gear and transmit it to the output shaft with reduced rotational force. 본 발명은 출력축을 중심으로 모든 부분이 대칭 운동을 함으로서 회전 무게 중심이 항상 일정하여 진동이 적고, 종래의 왕복엔진에서 회전을 안정되게 하기 위해 부착하던 벨런싱 웨이트나 플라이휠과 같은 중량체가 없더라도 안정된 회전력을 얻을 수 있으며, 고속으로 분출되는 베기 가스의 힘을 회전력으로 첨가할 수 있고, 크랭크축에서 발생된 고속 회전력이 감속되어 출력 축에 전달됨으로 실용 회전수에 가까운 출력이 발생된다. 따라서, 경량이면서 고출력, 고효율, 저 진동의 엔진을 얻을 수 있게 된다. 본 발명은 자동차, 발전기, 선박 또는 기타 원동기용 엔진으로 사용될 수 있지만 출력축과 일체로 된 엔진 본체 즉, 중량체인 실린더와 크랭크케이스 및 크랭크축, 커넥팅로드, 피스톤이 회전됨으로서 원심력이 증가하는 자이로 효과로 헬리콥터의 엔진에 보다 효과적으로 적용될 수 있는 2행정 로우터리 엔진에 관한 것이다. According to the present invention, all parts are symmetrically moved around the output shaft, so that the rotational center of gravity is always constant so that the vibration is low, and even in the conventional reciprocating engine, even if there is no weight body such as a balancing weight or a flywheel, the stable rotational force is achieved. It is possible to obtain, and the force of the cutting gas ejected at high speed can be added as the rotational force, and the high-speed rotational force generated in the crankshaft is decelerated and transmitted to the output shaft, thereby generating an output close to the practical rotational speed. Therefore, a lightweight, high output, high efficiency, low vibration engine can be obtained. The present invention can be used as an ...

Кривошипно-кулисная поршневая машина

Изобретение относится к области машиностроения, а именно, к поршневым машинам и механизмам преобразования движения их поршней во вращение вала. Техническим результатом заявленного изобретения являются повышение надежности работы машины, ее ресурса, удельных массогабаритных показателей и улучшение экономичности. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что поршень и кулиса в поршневой машине соединены между собой при помощи шарнирного узла, по меньшей мере, с плоским шарниром, позволяющим поршню самоустанавливаться по поверхности цилиндра за счет перемещения относительно кулисы в любом направлении в плоскости, пересекающей продольную ось цилиндра. На взаимодействующих поверхностях кулисы и корпуса, воспринимающих реактивный крутящий момент, установлены боковые опорные элементы с контактными поверхностями и с зубчатыми рейками. Между контактными поверхностями боковых опорных элементов размещены катки, причем катки снабжены синхронизирующими зубчатыми колесами, зацепленными с зубчатыми рейками боковых опорных элементов, и с каждой стороны кулисы установлены, по меньшей мере, два катка. При этом опорные элементы и катки установлены с предварительным поджатием взаимодействующих контактных поверхностей опорных элементов и катков. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 10 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 387 843 (13) C1 (51) МПК F01B 9/02 (2006.01) F02B 75/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2008140447/06, 14.10.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.10.2008 (45) Опубликовано: 27.04.2010 Бюл. № 12 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Захаров Евгений Николаевич (RU) 2 3 8 7 8 4 3 R U пересекающей продольную ось цилиндра. На взаимодействующих поверхностях кулисы и корпуса, воспринимающих реактивный крутящий момент, установлены боковые опорные элементы с контактными поверхностями и с зубчатыми рейками. Между контактными поверхностями боковых опорных элементов размещены катки, ...

Patent JPS5820395B2

Multicylinder internal combustion piston engine

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Method for mutual conversion of mechanical energy and potential energy of compressed gas

FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: method for mutual conversion of mechanical energy and potential energy of compressed gas consists in cyclic variation of gas volume and periodical renewal of gas in this volume via channels of gas supply and drain. The specified volume of gas is enclosed between the cylinder and the piston placed inside of it, and changes as they move relative to each other. The cylinder and the piston are made in the form of hollow sleeves, which have a bottom and a shell. Sleeves face each other with open ends and are made with a guaranteed gap between the shells. The gap is filled with liquid. The cylinder and the piston with liquid are placed in the field of action of potential forces so that the difference of static pressures of liquid columns inside the piston and in the gap compensates difference of gas pressure inside the piston and external pressure acting at the surface of liquid in the gap. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase efficiency of the process due to reduced losses for friction and bringing the compression process close to the isothermic process. 6 cl, 4 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 511 810 C1 (51) МПК F04B 53/02 (2006.01) F02B 57/00 (2006.01) F01B 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013111591/06, 15.03.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 15.03.2013 (72) Автор(ы): Куликов Леонид Борисович (RU) (73) Патентообладатель(и): Куликов Леонид Борисович (RU) R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 15.03.2013 (45) Опубликовано: 10.04.2014 Бюл. № 10 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: GB191209061A, 31.10.1912`. 2 5 1 1 8 1 0 R U (54) СПОСОБ ВЗАИМНОГО ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ СЖАТОГО ГАЗА (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области Цилиндр и поршень выполняют в виде полых машиностроения, а именно к способам стаканов, имеющих дно и обечайку. Стаканы ...

Crank and multi-round slide reciprocating piston internal combustion engine

本发明涉及内燃机，特别是用圆滑块取代连杆所构成的曲柄圆滑块往复活塞式内燃机。包含有缸体、活塞、圆滑块、曲轴等的曲柄圆滑块机构。缸体中有跑道及其中的动平衡滑块。圆滑块有至少三个，联成一体，其相邻圆滑块的相位差180°，各圆滑块分别可旋转地装在活塞或圆平衡滑块中，且全部套装在同一根曲柄销上。动平衡性优良，结构简巧，与已有同型机比较，体积和重量为30～50%，加工工时为50～60%，通用件达70%，使用可靠，寿命长，能耗低。

Device to transfer force from ice pistons

FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in automotive industry. This device is intended for piston engine wherein pistons (3, 4) of two opposite cylinders (1, 2) interact in alternating working stroke. Common rod (5) of cylinder (1, 2) pistons (3, 4) rests on rocker (6) spaced from it load-bearing element (14) to swing there around. Common rod (19) of cylinder pistons (17, 18) rests on rocker (6) spaced from it load-bearing element (14) to swing there around. Rocker (6) is coupled with flywheel (8) by lever (7) to drive the latter. Thrust elements (16, 26) at rocker (6) between load-bearing element (14) and piston rod (5, 19) load-bearing elements (15, 27) at rocker (6) are engaged directly with power converters. EFFECT: transfer of force from pistons from the moment of ignition. 3 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 541 368 C2 (51) МПК F02B 75/32 (2006.01) F02B 63/04 (2006.01) F02B 63/06 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012126614/06, 18.11.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 18.11.2010 (72) Автор(ы): ТОРКИЛДСЕН Одд Бернхард (NO) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ТОРКИЛДСЕН Одд Бернхард (NO) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2014 Бюл. № 1 R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 18.11.2010 (45) Опубликовано: 10.02.2015 Бюл. № 4 2009113862 A1, 17.09.2009 . US 4516539 A, 14.05.1985 . US 5167292 A, 01.12.1992 . SU 1190997 A3, 07.11.1985 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 26.06.2012 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 5 4 1 3 6 8 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 1893045 A, 03.01.1933. WO 2 5 4 1 3 6 8 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: C 2 C 2 NO 2010/000420 (18.11.2010) WO 2012/067514 (24.05.2012) Адрес для переписки: 190000, Санкт-Петербург, ВОХ-1125, ПАТЕНТИКА (54) УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПЕРЕДАЧИ УСИЛИЯ ОТ ПОРШНЕЙ ПОРШНЕВОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ (57) Реферат: Изобретение может быть использовано в цилиндров (17), (18) ...

Reciprocating expander and piston for it

FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: there is description of piston, as well as reciprocating expander with piston, which has piston head, piston neck, as well as piston skirt; at that, piston head has at least one groove passing in circumferential direction and suitable for location of piston ring, and piston skirt has sleeve for bolt and guide surface on its outer circle, which is suitable for direction of piston along inner wall of cylinder. Outer diameter of piston neck is smaller than outer diameter of piston head and/or piston skirt and neck length approximately corresponds to piston stroke in assembled state. There can performed reliable start-up of steam-loaded reciprocating expander, as well as effective separation of oil and steam circuits. EFFECT: preventing mutual contamination of circuits due to penetration of the appropriate medium. 21 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 434 140 (13) C2 (51) МПК F01B 29/12 F01B 31/26 (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2009129716/06, 03.08.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 03.08.2009 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.02.2011 Бюл. № 4 (45) Опубликовано: 20.11.2011 Бюл. № 32 2 4 3 4 1 4 0 R U Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул.Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. А.В.Мицу, рег.№ 364 C 2 C 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2005080836 A1, 01.09.2005. SU 1364748 A1, 07.01.1988. SU 80780 A, 01.03.1950. ЕР 1870575 А2, 26.12.2007. ЕР 0084790 А1, 03.08.1983. DT 2652177 A1, 02.06.1977. (54) ПОРШНЕВОЙ ДЕТАНДЕР И ПОРШЕНЬ ДЛЯ НЕГО (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области двигателестроения. Описан поршень, а также поршневой детандер с поршнем, который имеет головку поршня, шейку поршня, а также юбку поршня, причем головка поршня имеет по меньшей мере одну канавку, проходящую в окружном направлении, которая ...

Piston machine, mainly engine, equipped with watt approximate straightline generating mechanism

FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: piston machine, mainly engine, comprises Watt approximate straightline generating mechanisms, at least a pair of cylinders located in a housing, located in pair on same axis, in the cylinders reciprocating pistons associated with rods are located. According to the invention ends of rods of piston pairs are hingedly secured at middle of straightening levers of Watt approximate straightline generating mechanisms, each connected by one of rocker arm via piston rods to cranks of a crankshaft. EFFECT: invention ensures straight movement of piston rods. 4 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 612 868 C2 (51) МПК F01B 1/08 (2006.01) F02B 75/26 (2006.01) F02B 75/28 (2006.01) F02B 75/32 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015134548, 14.08.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.08.2015 Дата регистрации: (72) Автор(ы): Иванов Александр Васильевич (RU), Столяров Сергей Павлович (RU), Столяров Андрей Сергеевич (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.08.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.02.2017 Бюл. № 5 Адрес для переписки: 198205, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Авангардная, 20, корп. 1, кв. 155, Столярову Сергею Павловичу 1190997 A3, 07.11.1985. SU 1121470 A1, 30.10.1984. SU 446569 A1, 15.10.1974. WO 1998022730 A1, 28.05.1998. US 20080141855 A1, 19.06.2008. 2 6 1 2 8 6 8 R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Поршневая машина, преимущественно двигатель, снабженная прямилами Уатта, содержащая размещенные в корпусе, в паре находящиеся в одной оси, как минимум пару цилиндров, в которые помещены движущиеся возвратно-поступательно поршни, связанные штоками, отличающаяся тем, что концы штоков пар поршней шарнирно закреплены в серединах спрямляющих рычагов прямил Уатта, присоединенных, каждое, одним из качающихся рычагов, посредством шатунов, к кривошипам коленчатого вала. 2. Поршневая машина, преимущественно двигатель, ...

Head gasket

연소가스를 밀봉하기 위한 충분한 면압을 유지할 수가 있음과 동시에, 이 면압에 의해 실린더 라이너에 비뚤어짐이 발생하는 것을 방지할 수 있는 헤드 개스킷을 제공함을 목적으로 하여, 주 밀봉부가 되는 접어돌림부를 연소실 구멍의 둘레 가장자리부에, 연소실 구멍을 둘러싸도록 실린더 라이너의 단면에 접하여 배설한 내연기관용 헤드 개스킷에 있어서, 주 밀봉부 보다도 외주측이고, 또 상기 실린더 라이너의 단면보다도 외주측에 이 주 밀봉부에 발생하는 면압을 소정의 면압에 억제하는 심을 마련하였다. The present invention provides a head gasket capable of maintaining a sufficient surface pressure for sealing the combustion gas and preventing the cylinder liner from being distorted by the surface pressure, Wherein the outer peripheral side of the cylinder liner is located closer to the outer peripheral side than the main sealing portion and the outer peripheral side of the cylinder liner is formed in the main sealing portion The surface pressure is suppressed to a predetermined surface pressure. 주 밀봉부에 발생하는 면압의 상승은 실린더 라이너에 큰 비뚤어짐이 발생하기 전에, 전기 주 밀봉부의 외주측에 마련된 심에 의해서 억제되기 때문에, 실린더 라이너에 큰 비뚤어짐이 발생하는 것을 방지할 수 있어, 블로바이(blowby) 현상을 대폭 저감하여, 연비를 향상시킬 수가 있다. The increase of the surface pressure generated in the main sealing portion is suppressed by the padding provided on the outer peripheral side of the main sealing portion before occurrence of a large distortion in the cylinder liner, so that a large distortion of the cylinder liner can be prevented , The blow-by phenomenon can be greatly reduced and the fuel consumption can be improved.

Reciprocating expansion engine, piston thereof, and application of the two

说明一种活塞式膨胀机及其活塞和二者的应用，所述活塞具有活塞头(1)、活塞颈(2)以及活塞裙(3)，其中所述活塞头(1)具有至少一个沿着圆周方向伸展的适合于容纳活塞环(5)的槽(4)，所述活塞裙(3)具有适合于销钉毂(17)且在其外圆周上具有适合于使得所述活塞沿着气缸内壁(10)导向的导向面(6)。所述活塞的特征在于，所述活塞颈(2)的外直径小于所述活塞头(1)和/或所述活塞裙(3)的外直径，且所述活塞颈(2)的长度几乎等于在安装状态下所述活塞的冲程。

Head gasket

균일한 조임 토크로 조여진 개스킷에 있어, 각각의 헤드 볼트의 조이는 힘이 작용하는 밀봉면적이 달리 돼 있어도, 충분한 밀봉면압을 확보하면서 실린더 헤드의 뒤틀림을 방지하고, 밀봉면압의 균일화를 도모할 수가 있는 헤드 개스킷을 제공함을 목적으로, 다기통 엔진의 실린더 열에 따라 형성되는, 헤드 개스킷의 각각의 연소실 구멍의 둘레 가장자리부에, 이들의 연소실 구멍을 둘러싸도록 주 밀봉부를 이루는 주 비드를 배설함과 동시에, 실린더 열의 양단에 위치하는 연소실 구멍의 둘레 가장자리부에 부 비드를 배설하였다. In the gasket tightened with uniform tightening torque, even if the sealing area where the tightening force of each head bolt acts is different, the sealing head pressure can be prevented and the sealing surface pressure can be equalized while ensuring sufficient sealing surface pressure. For the purpose of providing a head gasket, at the circumferential edge of each combustion chamber hole of the head gasket, formed along the cylinder row of the multi-cylinder engine, at the same time, the main bead forming the main seal to surround these combustion chamber holes, The sub-beads were disposed at the peripheral edges of the combustion chamber holes located at both ends of the cylinder row. 개스킷을 조일때, 그 조이는 힘에 의해서, 다기통 엔진의 실린더 열의 양단에 위치하는 연소실 구멍 둘레 가장자리의 주 밀봉부에 발생하는 면압을 분산할 수가 있기 때문에, 그 분산된 면압을, 실린더 헤드의 뒤틀림을 방지하고 헤드 개스킷이 보다 균일한 두께를 얻도록, 전기 부 비드를 배설한 부위에 발생시킬 수가 있다. When tightening the gasket, it is possible to disperse the surface pressure generated in the main sealing portion of the periphery of the combustion chamber bore located at both ends of the cylinder row of the multi-cylinder engine by the tightening force. Can be generated at the site where the electrical beads are excreted so as to prevent them and to obtain a more uniform thickness of the head gasket.

Two-stroke piston machine

FIELD: power engineering. SUBSTANCE: machine is designed for driving generators, compressors, road vehicles, etc. It contains double-acting pistons with rods provided with toothed racks, and operating and synchronizing gears engaging with racks. Synchronizing gear is connected through shaft and clutch with electric motor. It has also two overrunning clutches with toothed rims installed on opposite shafts and engaging with each other. One of said clutches engages with power takeoff shaft gear. EFFECT: improved reliability, reduced friction forces. 3 dwg себ ссс ПЧ сэ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ” 2 221 927‘ (51) МПК? 13) С2 Е 02 В 75/24, Е 041 В 1/08 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 2002104302/06, 15.02.2002 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 15.02.2002 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.08.2003 (46) Дата публикации: 20.01.2004 (56) Ссылки: ОЕ 3529921 АД, 16.10.1986. КУ 2059831 СЛ, 10.05.1996. $Ц 31169 А, 31.07.1933. $Ц 1445314 АЛ, 23.09.1990. $0 1629571 АЛ, 23.02.1991. (98) Адрес для переписки: 350072, Краснодар, ул. Московская, 2, корп.А, КубГТУ, патентный отдел (72) Изобретатель: Маштаков А.Ф., Симоненко А.И., Шапошникова Т.Л. (73) Патентообладатель: Кубанский государственный технологический университет (54) ДВУХТАКТНАЯ ПОРШНЕВАЯ МАШИНА (57) Машина предназначена для использования в энергетике, а именно для привода генераторов, компрессоров, транспортных средств и т.п. Машина содержит поршни двойного действия со штоками, имеющими зубчатые рейки, рабочие и синхронизирующую шестерни, взаимодействующие С рейками; синхронизирующая шестерня через вал и муфту соединена с электродвигателем; две обгонные муфты с зубчатыми венцами установлены на дополнительных валах и взаимодействуют друг с другом, а одна из них - с шестерней вала отбора мощности. Изобретение обеспечивает повышение надежности и снижение сил трения. 3 ил. Фиг] 2221927 С2 КО себ ссс ПЧ сэ (19) КУЗЗАМ АСЕМСУ ГОК РАТЕМТ$ АМО ТКАОЕМАКК$ 12) ...

Mechanical diagram of piston machine

Изобретение относитс  к насо- со- и компрессоростроению и м.б применено в двигател х внутреннего сгорани . Цель изобретени  - повышение КПД машины. Механизм преобразовани  возвратно-поступательного движени  поршней 2,3 во вращательное движение выходного вала выполнен в виде зубчатого колеса (К) 6, контактирующего с зубчатыми рейками 4,5 поршней. К 6 св зано с выходным валом через коленчатый вал (КБ) и установлено эксцентрично на шейке 8 КБ. Рабочий момент, создаваемый на К 6, передаетс  шейке 8. При этом Кб, соверша  сложное вращательно-посту- пательное движение, обеспечивает подачу рабочего момента от усилий поршней па КБ в любой момент своего движени  благодар  асинхронности движени  поршней при равномерном вращении КБ. 2 ил. с The invention relates to pumping and compressor engineering and can be used in internal combustion engines. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the machine. The mechanism for converting the reciprocating movement of the pistons 2.3 into rotational movement of the output shaft is made in the form of a gear wheel (K) 6 in contact with the gear rails 4.5 of the pistons. K 6 is connected to the output shaft via the crankshaft (KB) and is mounted eccentrically on the 8K neck. The working moment created on K 6 is transferred to the neck 8. At the same time, performing a complex rotational-translational motion, the working moment is supplied from the efforts of the pistons to the KB in any moment of its movement due to the asynchronous movement of the pistons with uniform rotation of the KB. 2 Il. with

PISTON DETANDER AND PISTON FOR HIM

1. Поршень поршневого детандера, имеющий головку (1) поршня, шейку (2) поршня, а также юбку (3) поршня, причем головка (1) поршня имеет, по меньшей мере, одну канавку (4), проходящую в окружном направлении, которая пригодна для приема поршневого кольца (5), а юбка (3) поршня имеет втулку (17) под болт, которая пригодна для приема поршневого пальца, и на своей внешней периферии направляющую поверхность (6), которая пригодна для направления поршня вдоль внутренней стенки (10) цилиндра, отличающийся тем, что внешний диаметр шейки (2) поршня меньше, чем внешний диаметр головки (1) поршня и/или юбки (3) поршня. ! 2. Поршень по п.1, отличающийся тем, что юбка (3) поршня в примыкающей к шейке поршня области имеет, по меньшей мере, одну канавку (8), проходящую в окружном направлении поршня, которая пригодна для приема уплотнения (9). ! 3. Поршень по п.2, отличающийся тем, что уплотнение выполнено в виде уплотнения стержня. ! 4. Поршень по одному из пп.1-3, отличающийся тем, что шейка (2) поршня имеет длину, которая по меньшей мере приблизительно соответствует ходу поршня в собранном состоянии. ! 5. Поршень по одному из пп.1-3, отличающийся тем, что в юбке (3) поршня предусмотрен, по меньшей мере, один канал (15) возврата утечки, который образует проходимое текучей средой соединение между канавкой (8), которая проходит в окружном направлении поршня в примыкающей к шейке (2) поршня области юбки (3) поршня, и направляющей масло в собранном состоянии поршня области (13) внутри юбки (3) поршня. ! 6. Поршень по п.5, отличающийся тем, что каналы (15) возврата утечки выполнены в виде канавок, проходящих в продольном направлении поршня, которые выполнены в юбке (3) поршня. ! 7. Поршень по п.5, о� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2009 129 716 (13) A (51) МПК F02F 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2009129716/06, 03.08.2009 (71) Заявитель(и): МАН НУТЦФАРЦОЙГЕ ЭСТЕРРАЙХ АГ (AT) ...

Double-cylinder pneumatic engine driving device

双缸气动发动机驱动装置，包括齿条、上齿轮、下齿轮、两个气缸，所述上齿轮连接在齿条上方，下齿轮连接在齿条下方，两个气缸分别连接在齿条的两端；所述气缸包括缸筒、活塞、活塞杆，活塞位于缸筒内，活塞杆一端连接活塞，另一端连接齿条。本发明提供了一种结构简单、成本低廉、适用性强的双缸气动发动机驱动装置，避免了气动发动机在推程和拉程下的输出功率不同；在需要提供相同的膨胀力的作用下，不增加发动机的总体尺寸；还可以保证齿条运动时的同轴度；具有安装方便、稳定性好等优点。

Piston machine valve assembly

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to the arrangement of the distribution bodies of volumetric displacement machines. Valve assembly of the piston machine consists of liner (2) with piston (3) mounted in body (1), which interacts with end face (4), spring-loaded pressure valve (5) and spring-loaded suction valve (6). Suction valve (6) is provided with radial holes (13) for passing the working medium from inlet duct (14) to working chamber (15).EFFECT: technical result consists in increasing the convenience of installation and maintenance, reliability and durability through the use of a modular, modular valve assembly design.4 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 670 347 C1 (51) МПК F01B 1/00 (2006.01) F04B 53/10 (2006.01) F16K 15/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F01B 1/00 (2006.01); F04B 53/10 (2006.01); F16K 15/08 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017137030, 20.10.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): Арутюнян Гагарин Джаншикович (AM), Арутюнян Гагик Гагаринович (AM) Дата регистрации: 22.10.2018 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: SU 1451336 A1, 15.01.1989. SU (45) Опубликовано: 22.10.2018 Бюл. № 30 2 6 7 0 3 4 7 R U (54) КЛАПАННЫЙ УЗЕЛ ПОРШНЕВОЙ МАШИНЫ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области (6). Всасывающий клапан (6) снабжен машиностроения, в частности к устройству радиальными отверстиями (13) для пропуска органов распределения машин объемного рабочей среды из впускного канала (14) в вытеснения. Клапанный узел поршневой машины рабочую камеру (15). Технический результат состоит из смонтированных в корпусе (1) гильзы заключается в повышении удобства монтажа и (2) с поршнем (3), взаимодействующего с обслуживания, надежности и долговечности за торцевой поверхностью (4), подпружиненного счет применения технологичной модульной нагнетательного ...

Opposing paired cylinders of iC engine - are connected by common piston rod, with independent connecting rods providing swivel connection to crankshaft

The internal combustion engine has counterposed cylinders with a crankshaft located between them. The pistons of the opposing cylinders (13, 14 & 15, 16), which are arranged in pairs, are connected to each other by common connecting rod (19, 22), and further connecting rods (23, 24) swivel connect them to the crankshaft. A further arrangement is for a common connecting rod to connect the piston pair to the crankshaft, and for the piston rods (19, 22) of each pair to be connected to rod frame, which is H-shaped, via a traverse, with the head of the common connecting rod to the crankshaft to be swivelable connected to this traverse.

Adjustable crankshaft which makes it possible to perform continuous adjustment of the stroke of piston machines during operation

The subject-matter of the invention is an adjustable crankshaft. The invention belongs to the field of piston machines. The object of the adjustable crankshaft is to enable the stroke of piston machines to be adjusted from outside during the operation of the machines. With the adjustable crankshaft, machines such as pumps and compressors can be adjusted to the particular operating conditions. In the case of engines such as internal combustion engines, it is possible to exert a positive influence on the fuel consumption and exhaust characteristics. The adjustable crankshaft can be used both with single-cylinder and multi-cylinder machines. It is also possible to use a plurality of crankshafts in a single machine. <IMAGE>

Motorcycle with compact reciprocating internal combustion engine

Kraftrad mit kompakter Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine (1), wobei die Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine (1) eine mit einem Kurbelgehäuse verbundene erste Zylinderbank (2) in VR-Zylinderanordnung umfasst, wobei die erste Zylinderbank (2)einen ersten Zylinder (4) der ersten Zylinderbank (2), welcher gegenüber einer in dem Kurbelgehäuse drehbar gelagerten Kurbelwelle (5) eine erste Schränkung (6) aufweist, so dass sich eine erste Zylinderachse (7) des ersten Zylinders (4) der ersten Zylinderbank (2) nicht mit einer Drehachse (8) der Kurbelwelle (5) schneidet,einen zum ersten Zylinder (4) der ersten Zylinderbank (2) benachbarten zweiten Zylinder (9) der ersten Zylinderbank (2), welcher gegenüber der Kurbelwelle (5) keine Schränkung aufweist, so dass sich eine zweite Zylinderachse (10) des zweiten Zylinders (9) der ersten Zylinderbank (2) mit der Drehachse (8) der Kurbelwelle (5) schneidet,einen ersten Hubkolben (11) des ersten Zylinders (4) der ersten Zylinderbank (2), welcher über ein erstes Pleuel (12) der ersten Zylinderbank (2) mit einem ersten Kurbelzapfen (13) verbunden ist, und weitereinen zweiten Hubkolben des zweiten Zylinders (9) der ersten Zylinderbank (2), welcher über ein zweites Pleuel (14) der ersten Zylinderbank (2) mit einem zweiten Kurbelzapfen der Kurbelwelle (5) verbunden ist, aufweist. A motorcycle with a compact reciprocating internal combustion engine (1), the reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) comprising a first cylinder bank (2) in a VR cylinder arrangement connected to a crankcase, wherein the first cylinder bank (2) comprises a first cylinder (4) of the first cylinder bank (2), which has a first offset (6) relative to a crankshaft (5) rotatably mounted in the crankcase, such that a first cylinder axis (7) of the first cylinder (4) of the first cylinder bank (2) does not coincide with an axis of rotation (8) of the crankshaft (5) intersects a second cylinder (9) of the first cylinder bank (2) which is adjacent to the first cylinder (4) of the ...

Scavenging type engine with scavenging control valve

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Internal combustion engine

Двигатель (10) внутреннего сгорания содержит, по меньшей мере, два цилиндра (11, 1') с параллельными продольными осями, каждый цилиндр снабжен отверстием и поршнем (12, 12'), выполненным с возможностью поступательного перемещения внутри указанного цилиндра, указанные соответствующие отверстия указанных цилиндров обращены друг к другу, указанные поршни имеют кинематическую связь с шатунно-кривошипным механизмом, содержащим: разделитель (13), соединяющий указанные поршни и способный поддерживать постоянный интервал между указанными поршнями, указанные поршни прикреплены к соответствующим плечам (131, 131') указанного разделителя; коленчатый вал (20), выполненный с возможностью вращения вокруг оси, находящейся между отверстиями цилиндров и между продольными осями указанных цилиндров, указанный коленчатый вал имеет шатунную шейку (21); коромысло (40), выполненное с возможностью вращения вокруг шатунной шейки; по меньшей мере, один шатун (30), имеющий первый конец, называемый «малым концом» (31), прикрепленный к разделителю, и второй конец, называемый «большим концом» (32), прикрепленный к одному из концов коромысла. 7 з.п. ф-лы, 8 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 733 157 C1 (51) МПК F01B 1/08 (2006.01) F01B 7/16 (2006.01) F01B 9/02 (2006.01) F02B 75/18 (2006.01) F02B 75/32 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F01B 1/08 (2020.02); F01B 7/16 (2020.02); F01B 9/02 (2020.02); F02B 75/18 (2020.02); F02B 75/32 (2020.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019137580, 23.05.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ПОН Жан Эжен (FR) Дата регистрации: 29.09.2020 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 23.05.2017 (45) Опубликовано: 29.09.2020 Бюл. № 28 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 23.12.2019 (86) Заявка PCT: FR 2017/051267 (23.05.2017) 2 7 3 3 1 5 7 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2019721 C1, 15.09.1994. RU ...

Radial-piston hydraulic motor

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: hydraulic motor comprises housing and/or cylinder with a cover and at least one piston mounted for permitting a contact with the eccentric of the output shaft, rocking motion and interaction with the guide body arranged radially and having a ring portion of the outer convex spherical bearing surface that abuts against the answered ring portion of the concave spherical bearing surface made on the housing or the cylinder cover. The guide body has the end face surface that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and faces the ring portion of the bearing surface of the housing or cylinder cover loaded with the pressure of fluid and used as a relief space. In addition the ring portion of the bearing surface of guide body is narrower than the ring portion of the bearing surface of the housing or cylinder cover and it is provided with a ring groove at the end face surface. The ring groove is in communication with the space for draining fluid through an opening. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 2 dwg у61690с ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ” 2 069 794 ' 13) СЛ (51) МПКЕ Е 03 С 1/04, Е Ол В 1/06 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 5010566/06, 18.12.1991 (30) Приоритет: 19.12.1990 ОЕ Р 4040738.1 (46) Дата публикации: 27.11.1996 (56) Ссылки: Патент Франции М 229718, кл. Е 04 В 1/04, 1977. (71) Заявитель: Пауль Пляйгер Машиненфабрик ГмбХ унд Ко., КГ (ОЕ) (72) Изобретатель: Маттиас ШЕВЧИКГОЕ] (73) Патентообладатель: Пауль Пляйгер Машиненфабрик ГмбХ унд Ко., КГ (ОЕ) (54) РАДИАЛЬНО-ПОРШНЕВОЙ ГИДРОДВИГАТЕЛЬ (57) Реферат: Использование: в машиностроении при проектировании роторно-поршневых гидродвигателей. Сущность изобретения: гидродвигатель содержит корпус и/или цилиндр с крышкой, по меньшей мере, один поршень, установленный с возможностью контакта с эксцентриком выходного вала и с возможностью колебательного движения и взаимодействия с направляющим телом, ...

Opposite piston engine of internal combustion (options) and opposite internal combustion engine

FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: engine with pistons that move in opposite directions, which forms an inviscid layer between the pistons and the walls of the respective cylinders. In one aspect, a motor with pistons that move in opposite directions uses a rocker mechanism that includes rigidly connected combustion pistons that move in opposite directions. In one aspect, the rocker mechanism is configured to transfer energy from the combustion pistons to the crankshaft assembly. In one aspect, the crankshaft can be made with double flywheels, which are internal to the engine and can be configured to control the exhaust system, the ignition system of the mixture with stored glowing gases and / or a lubrication system. EFFECT: technical result is reduced friction and a reduction in the amount of pollutants in the exhaust gases. 27 cl, 53 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 669 434 C2 (51) МПК F02B 75/24 (2006.01) F02B 75/02 (2006.01) F01B 1/08 (2006.01) F02B 33/22 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F01B 1/08 (2018.08); F01B 9/023 (2018.08); F02B 33/22 (2018.08); F02B 75/02 (2018.08); F02B 75/246 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2015138149, 17.03.2014 17.03.2014 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ПРАЙМ ГРУП АЛЛАЙЕНС, ЭлЭлСи (US) Дата регистрации: 11.10.2018 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 5799628 A1, 01.09.1998. US 1825278 A1, 29.09.1931. US 20110083644 A1, 14.04.2011. BY 8321 C1, 30.08.2006. 15.03.2013 US 61/789,231 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.04.2017 Бюл. № 11 (45) Опубликовано: 11.10.2018 Бюл. № 29 C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 15.10.2015 (86) Заявка PCT: US 2014/030212 (17.03.2014) 2 6 6 9 4 3 4 (87) Публикация заявки PCT: R U 2 6 6 9 4 3 4 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2513514 A1, 04.07.1950. US R U (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (72) Автор(ы): ДЖЕСВАЙН Уилльям (US) WO 2014/145445 (18.09.2014 ...

Flat-type internal combustion engine

БЕСШАТУННЫЙ ДВИГАТЕЛЬ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ, содержаш,ий два поршн , жестко соединенных между собой штоком и размеш,енных в цилиндре с возможностью возвратно-поступательного движени , и два механизма газораспределени , каждый из которых выполнен в виде клапанов с кулачковым валом и впускного и выпускного каналов, расположенных в корпусе, причем шток снабжен направл ющими , параллельными оси цилиндра, отличающийс  тем, что, с целью уменьшени  габаритов и металлоемкости, в нем в стенках направл юш,их штока выполнены две продольные проточки, одна из которых сообшена с впускным каналом, а друга  - с выпускным, а в каждом поршне расположено газораспределительное окно, сообш .енное с проточками в штоке, и размещен клапан с кулачковым валом, причем клапан снабжен цилиндрическим золотником , установленным соосно с клапаном и имеющим привод от кулачкового вала дл  обеспечени  его вращени  вокруг продольФ ной оси. (Л CLEAN-FREE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, containing two pistons rigidly interconnected by a rod and placed in a cylinder with a possibility of reciprocating motion, and two valve timing mechanisms, each of which is made in the form of valves with a camshaft and intake and exhaust channels located in the housing, the rod being provided with rails parallel to the axis of the cylinder, characterized in that, in order to reduce overall dimensions and metal consumption, there are two longitudinal rims in the walls of the cylinder, their rods are made points, one of which is in communication with the inlet channel, and the other with an outlet, and in each piston there is a gas distribution window communicating with grooves in the rod, and a valve with a camshaft is placed, the valve is provided with a cylindrical slide mounted coaxially with the valve and driven by a camshaft to ensure its rotation around the longitudinal axis. (L

PISTON MACHINE, PREVIOUSLY ENGINE, WATT'S STRAIGHT

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 134 548 A (51) МПК F01B 1/08 (2006.01) F02B 75/26 (2006.01) F02B 75/28 (2006.01) F02B 75/32 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015134548, 14.08.2015 (71) Заявитель(и): Иванов Александр Васильевич (RU), Столяров Сергей Павлович (RU), Столяров Андрей Сергеевич (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.08.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.02.2017 Бюл. № 05 A 2 0 1 5 1 3 4 5 4 8 R U Стр.: 1 A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Поршневая машина, преимущественно двигатель, снабженная прямилами Уатта, содержащая размещенные в корпусе, в паре находящиеся в одной оси, как минимум пару цилиндров, в которых помещены движущиеся возвратно-поступательно поршни, связанные штоками, отличающаяся тем, что концы штоков пар поршней шарнирно закреплены в серединах спрямляющих рычагов прямил Уатта, присоединенных каждое, одним из качающихся рычагов посредством шатунов к кривошипам коленчатого вала. 2. Поршневая машина, преимущественно двигатель, снабженная прямилами Уатта по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что один из качающихся рычагов каждого прямила Уатта присоединен к шатуну, связывающему его с кривошипом коленчатого вала в оси шарнира с плечом, близким плечу рычага. 3. Поршневая машина, преимущественно двигатель, снабженная прямилами Уатта по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что выполненные с искривленными внешними обводами рычаги прямил Уатта при качаниях проникают в полости цилиндров. 4. Поршневая машина, преимущественно двигатель, снабженная прямилами Уатта по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что угловая ориентация кривошипов коленчатого вала обеспечивает движение в противофазе поршней, связанных штоками, соседних пар цилиндров. 2 0 1 5 1 3 4 5 4 8 (54) ПОРШНЕВАЯ МАШИНА, ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВЕННО ДВИГАТЕЛЬ, СНАБЖЕННАЯ ПРЯМИЛАМИ УАТТА R U Адрес для переписки: 198205, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Авангардная, 20, корп. 1, кв. 155, Столярову Сергею Павловичу (72) Автор(ы): Иванов Александр Васильевич (RU), ...

Radial piston machine having working fluid passing through the crankcase

A piston machine (10) has two pistons (42, 44) which are reciprocatable in two cylinders (20, 22) and which, in the first and second working chambers (50, 52) thereof, can be subjected to a working medium. The pistons are connected to a crankshaft (30) via two connecting rods (38, 40) which are pivotally connected to one and the same crank pin (36). The interior of the crankcase (18) forms a third working chamber (54). The crankshaft (30) is formed as a rotary slide valve which in operation of the piston machine (10) connects the first working chamber (50) to the third working chamber (54) and the second working chamber (52) to a working medium supply or discharge opening (14, 16). The piston machine can be used selectively as an engine (e.g. as an expansion motor operated with compressed gas) or as a working machine (e.g. as a compressor). The opening and closing times can be controlled exactly. For generating the same power, less working medium is required than in the prior art.

Rotary actuator

A rotary actuator (100) having a reference structure (110), an output member (113) arranged for rotary movement relative to the reference structure, a first linear motor (116) arranged to selectively apply an output force urging a first motor member (119) and a second motor member (122) apart along a generally linear direction, in which the first linear motor is configured and arranged to cause a torque between the output member and the reference structure in a first direction, and second linear motor (137) arranged to selectively apply an output force urging a second linear motor first member (134) and a second motor member (137) apart along a generally linear direction, in which the second linear motor is configured and arranged to cause a torque between the output member and the reference structure in a direction opposite to the first direction.

HYDRAULIC OR PNEUMATIC ROTARY STEP MOTOR

a. Moteur rotatif pas à pas comprenant plusieurs paires de cylindres alignés dont les pistons coopèrent avec une came solidaire de l'arbre du moteur de manière à imprimer à celui-ci des déplacements angulaires limités en fonction des pressions auxquelles ils sont soumis. b. Selon l'invention, le HP est toujours appliquée aux deux pistons d'une même paire tandis que tous les autres pistons sont exposés à la BP, et la came 54 est de forme généralement elliptique avec des portions latérales concaves 59, 60. c. Application aux commandes hydrauliques ou pneumatiques. at. Rotary stepper motor comprising several pairs of aligned cylinders, the pistons of which cooperate with a cam integral with the motor shaft so as to impart to the latter limited angular displacements as a function of the pressures to which they are subjected. b. According to the invention, the HP is always applied to the two pistons of the same pair while all the other pistons are exposed to the LP, and the cam 54 is generally elliptical in shape with concave side portions 59, 60. c. Application to hydraulic or pneumatic controls.

Equipment for generating motive energy - operates piston in cylinder, in cycle between atmospheric pressure and vacuum

The unit for generating motive energy comprises a piston (4) in cylinder (1) with an inlet valve (6) in the head and ports (2) in the sidewalls near the other end, opening into a header (3) connection (9) with a vacuum reservoir/generator (10). A starter (7) acting on a crankshaft (8) moves the piston from TDC T BDC. For a small part of this movement, initially, the inlet valve opens and air enters; towards the end of it the side ports are exposed, producing a sudden drop in cylinder pressure. The starter having disengaged, the piston is implosively pulled back to TDC.

Patent FR2418332B1

PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE EXTERNAL COOLING OF AN EXHAUST VALVE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, IN PARTICULAR OF A SUPERCHARGED DIESEL ENGINE, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAID PROCEDURE

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'amélioration du refroidissement externe d'une soupape d'échappement d'un moteur Diesel suralimenté. Ce dispositif étant pour moteur à soupapes commandées respectivement par des cames individuelles, la came 3 de commande de chaque soupape d'échappement possède un bossage supplémentaire 13 de maintien d'ouverture résiduelle et qui se raccorde de façon sensiblement continue et progressive, par ses extrémités opposées 14, 15, respectivement au bossage principal 16 de commande d'ouverture et de fermeture de la soupape d'échappement et au profil circulaire de base 17 de la came 3. L'invention est applicable à l'amélioration du refroidissement des soupapes d'échappement de gros moteurs Diesel. The invention relates to a method and a device for improving the external cooling of an exhaust valve of a supercharged diesel engine. This device being for an engine with valves controlled respectively by individual cams, the control cam 3 of each exhaust valve has an additional boss 13 for maintaining residual opening and which is connected in a substantially continuous and progressive manner, by its ends. 14, 15, respectively to the main boss 16 for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust valve and to the base circular profile 17 of the cam 3. The invention is applicable to the improvement of the cooling of the valves. exhaust of large diesel engines.

Radial piston machine

Patent FR2372322A1

L'invention concerne les moteurs à gaz chaud. Elle se rapporte à un moteur dans lequel un train d'engrenages permet le réglage de la course des pistons auxiliaires 20a, 20b en fonction du couple ou de la puissance voulu pour le moteur, pour un déphasage toujours le même entre les pistons principaux 28a, 28b et les pistons auxiliaires 20a, 20b. Application à la réalisation de moteurs à gaz chaud pour véhicules. The invention relates to hot gas engines. It relates to an engine in which a gear train allows the stroke of the auxiliary pistons 20a, 20b to be adjusted as a function of the torque or the power desired for the engine, for a phase shift always the same between the main pistons 28a, 28b and the auxiliary pistons 20a, 20b. Application to the production of hot gas engines for vehicles.

Opposed piston four-stroke engine - has two parallel crankshafts each with four pistons in common cylinders

The engine has two parallel crankshafts which are linked to a common output (6) on the engine centreline (5). Each crankshaft carries four connecting rods (4) with single acting pistons (2). The pistons are opposed in pairs in common cylinders. The pistons on the same crankshaft are arranged in pairs with each pair of cranks opposed diametrically. Each pair of cylinders is timed to a separate phase of the four stroke cycle. Cylinder (I) is on the induction stroke cylinder (II) on the exhaust stroke, cylinder (III) on compression and cylinder (IV) on power.

Patent FR2142294A5

Two=stroke two cylinder, horizontally opposed engine - uses Scotch yoke to convert reciprocating motion of pistons to rotation of crank shaft

DISPOSITIF PERMETTANT DE TRANSFORMER LE MOUVEMENT ALTERNATIF DU PISTON EN MOUVEMENT CIRCULAIRE AU PLATEAU MANIVELLE OU VILEBREQUIN AU MOYEN DE BIELLES FIXES. IL COMPREND DEUX BIELLES FIXES 1 RELIEES AUX PISTONS 2 PAR UN AXE 3 (OU UN FILETAGE) ET ENTRE ELLES PAR UNE CAGE 4. DANS CETTE CAGE 4 VIENT SE MOUVOIR LE MANETON 6 DU PLATEAU MANIVELLE 7 DONT LE MOUVEMENT SERA RENDU CIRCULAIRE. L'INVENTION PEUT ETRE REALISEE SUR TOUS MOTEURS A CYLINDRES OPPOSES.

Patent FR2275640B1

Engine Arrangement

The present invention encompasses an engine arrangement, with in any event two piston and cylinder assemblies, where a first piston in a first cylinder, included in a first piston and cylinder assembly, is interconnected with a second piston in a second cylinder, included in a second piston and cylinder assembly, and where each one of said piston and cylinder assemblies each displays an inlet valve for the supply of a fuel mixture, and each an outlet valve for the removal of exhaust gases, said two piston and cylinder assemblies being adapted for cooperation with a gear unit converting a translation movement into a rotary movement. Two additional piston and cylinder assemblies with a third piston in a third cylinder, included in a third piston and cylinder assembly, interconnected with a fourth piston in a fourth cylinder, included in a fourth piston and cylinder assembly with associated valves, said two additional piston and cylinder assemblies being adapted for cooperation with said gear unit converting a translation movement into a rotary movement, an outlet valve for a first cylinder being connectable to an inlet valve for a third cylinder, and an outlet valve for the second cylinder being connectable to an inlet valve for the fourth cylinder, and that the outlet valves for the third and the fourth cylinders are intended for removing exhaust gases.

Fluid-pumped or actuated pumps and motors

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR BICYLINDRIC ENGINE

Reciprocating steam engine or pump - has sliding gear mechanism to give rotary output from reciprocating piston

The piston is cylindrical and can rotate as it reciprocates. It is pinned to the output wheel on the axis of the machine, the distance from the centre of the piston to the pin being the same as the distance from the centre of the output wheel to the pin, but the radii of the two wheels themselves being different. This linkage causes the piston to revolve as it reciprocates and consequently to turn the output wheel. The piston and output wheel have the same angular velocities and rotate in the opposite directions.

Improvements to motor or receptor mechanisms

Hydraulic motor

Horizontal gasoline engine arrangement operating on a continuous cycle

Development of balanced engines

Balanced radial piston hydraulic pump or motor

Slipper piston ball joint - has ball with shouldered base retained in piston socket by spring clip

Ball joint connection between slipper piston and shoe as used on radial piston compressors. The piston operates in the cylinder and the shoe slides on an eccentrically arranged circular surface. Hardened steel ball (3) is fitted in socket (4) of the piston (1). The shoe (2) has base (5) with cylindrical external surface and with O.

Starter device for internal combustion engines

Rotary hydraulic pump or motor - has pressurised oil and sealing ring grooves to effect sealing

The pistons (14, 27) slide in cylinders (13) and are driven by pressurized oil supplied via passageways (18, 17, 16). In order to prevent breakdown of the lubrication film because of the pressure drop accompanying normal leakage flow from the high pressure end of the cylinder, an annulus (23) cut in the wall of the cylinder is supplied with high pressure oil. The leakage flow is reduced by providing a seal (21) mounted in a second, lower annulus (22). On the low pressure side of the seal there is the danger of oil film breakdown, so to avoid metal to metal contact, the lower end of the cylinder (30) is of greater diameter than the main cylinder.

Hydraulic device functioning as a pump or motor

Improvements made to internal combustion engines, especially those for special vehicles

Internal combustion engine

Improvements to rotary pumps

Improvements in internal combustion engines