Solar power concentrating system

An outer side of a receiver is covered with a housing, so that the receiver is not exposed to the open air and no heat of the receiver is taken by winds, to improve thermal efficiency. Although the outer side of the receiver is covered with the housing, a lower side thereof has an opening, so that sunlight reflected by heliostats is introduced through the opening to the inside of the receiver and is surely received by an inner face of the receiver.

Solar receiver having back positioned header

A solar receiver includes at least two receiver panels having a common outer front surface for receiving incident solar radiation from a field of mirrors. The receiver panels include an array of side by side arranged heat exchange tubes which have a substantially straight main portion which extend in an upwards longitudinal direction and an inwards extending portion for a connection to an input or output header for respectively distributing or collecting fluid to or from the heat exchange tubes. The receiver panels are spaced apart in the upwards direction at a distance of Z cm. The header for the solar receiver is spaced behind the front surface at a distance of A cm, wherein the quotient of Z and A, Z/A, at the most equals the quotient of a vertical V and a horizontal H distance, V/H, from the header to a most far positioned mirror.

Photovoltaic module dehumidifier

Dehumidifier for photovoltaic modules, of a series of photovoltaic concentration modules, formed by a common air inlet and outlet access that communicates all the modules, and which passes through a bed of moisture absorbing material, having an electrical self-adjusted resistance ( 15 ) installed therein. The circuit is completed with a solenoid valve ( 13 ), a flow switch ( 19 ), a non-return valve ( 12 ); a pressure switch ( 16 ) and a timer relay ( 20 ). The process is based on pressure differences existing within the photovoltaic modules throughout the day, and consists of two steps: drying air by passing through the bed of absorbent material before entering into the photovoltaic modules and the regeneration of the drying system, which can be automatically or manually by connecting a compressor or fan.

Corner structure for walls of panels in solar boilers

A boiler for a solar receiver includes a first wall of substantially coplanar side by side boiler panels. A plurality of contiguous panels of the first wall each have an inlet header thereof at a common first wall header elevation. A second wall includes substantially coplanar side by side boiler panels. A plurality of contiguous panels of the second wall each have an inlet header thereof at a common second wall header elevation. The second wall is adjacent to and angled with respect to the first wall so that one end panel of the first wall is adjacent to one end panel of the second wall to form a boiler wall corner. The inlet headers of the two end panels of the boiler wall corner are at different elevations relative to one another.

Tubular solar receivers and systems using the same

A solar receiver including at least more than one tubular array, each tubular array including a tube operative to be heated by solar radiation impinging thereon, an inlet for allowing a working fluid to flow into the tube so as to be heated therein, and an outlet for allowing the heated working fluid to flow out of the tube, each tubular array being in fluid communication with a thermal energy consumption system so as to provide the working fluid to the thermal energy consumption system.

Vacuum tube solar collector with overheating protectionby means of a rotating reflector

The aim is to add a device to vacuum-tube solar collectors so as to prevent overheating thereof. FIG. 1 shows an illustration summarizing the invention applied, in this case, to a vacuum-tube collector of the type consisting of a single glass tube ( 1 ) with heat pipe ( 2 ) centred inside the glass tube ( 1 ) and making contact with heat-absorbing fins ( 6 ). The invention is characterized in that the part of the inner wall of the glass tube ( 1 ) which is hidden from the sun incorporates a curved reflector ( 3 ) with a small thickness along the entire length of the glass tube ( 1 ), which reflector is secured by means of various rings ( 4 ) and is able to rotate while being operated by means of a nitinol or bi-metal torsion spring ( 5 ) which is screwed in and makes good thermal contact with the evaporator tube of the heat pipe ( 2 ) so that, when the temperature of the evaporator tube of the heat pipe ( 2 ) increases beyond a certain value, it causes the nitinol spring to change form, rotate and cause rotation of the reflector ( 3 ), protecting the heat-absorbing fins ( 6 ) from the solar radiation and preventing overheating of the collector and the solar installation. Rotation is reversed when the temperature of the evaporator tube ( 2 ) drops, the collector remaining in the normal heat supply condition. This invention is applicable, with certain modifications, to any type of vacuum-tube solar collector according to the accompanying description. Thus not only is overheating prevented in solar installations, but also the collectors are made more efficient due to the reflection of the radiation heat losses of the fins back towards themselves by means of the reflector.

Solar tube panel with dual-exposure heat absorption

A dual-exposure heat absorption panel is disclosed, which can be used in a solar receiver design. Generally, the heat absorption panel includes a tube panel through which a heat transfer fluid is flowed to absorb solar energy from heliostats that are focused on the tube panel. A structural support frame surrounds the tube panel. A stiffener structure runs across the exposed faces of the tube panel. The headers and other support structures on the periphery are protected by use of a heat shield. Different tube couplings are possible with this structure, as well as different stiffening structures at the headers. The heat shield can be shaped to create an open space, permitting focusing of sunlight on the edge tubes as well. A curtain can be used as an additional heat shield in certain scenarios.

Solar panel assembly with movable barriers

A solar panel assembly including a solar panel spaced from a surface to create a gap and a barrier movable between an open position and a closed position, the barrier being adapted to inhibit airflow through said gap below said solar panel when in the closed position. The assembly may further include a rack supporting the solar panel and resting on the surface. The barrier may be adapted to move from the open position to the closed position upon detection of conditions indicative of a fire. In this way air flow below the solar panel is permitted during normal operation of the solar panel assembly but is inhibited upon detection of a fire.

Thermal solar absorber system generating heat and electricity

The invention provides a solar power system for use as a solar roofing concept based on an absorber system with a solar thermal absorber and a circulation system for circulating absorber liquid through the absorber and a core system which extracts energy from the absorber liquid and provides hot water to a building. An intelligent controller uses data about external conditions to control the core system, where both current conditions and predicted conditions are taken into account. In preferred embodiments, the system can generate heat, hot water and electric energy to cover the need for a normal household. When excess heat is generated, the thermal energy can be used by an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) machine for electricity production. A forecasting and control unit using external weather measurements in combination with internet weather forecasts will by fuzzy logic calculate the optimum periods of time for use of the heat pump during the colder periods. Preferably, the intelligent controller can switch between 15 different modes of operation of the system to optimized energy efficiency to match the actual working conditions. In embodiments, the system includes a geothermal hose also connected to the liquid system of the absorber system, thus providing a synergetic exchange of energy with the solar absorber

Dish-Type Solar Thermal Power Generation System And Heat Collector Thereof

A heat collector of a dish-type solar thermal power generation system and the solar thermal power generation system having the heat collector. The heat collector of the dish-type solar thermal power generation system comprises a heat collecting cavity and at least one layer of heat absorbing coil. The heat collecting cavity is provided with an opening. The heat absorbing coil forms a cavity structure. The cavity structure is provided with a hole. The cavity structure is arranged within the heat collecting cavity. The hole and the opening are aligned. A low temperature inlet of the heat absorbing coil is arranged on the cavity structure at a location where incident light energy distribution density is at maximum. The heat collector is capable of preventing ablation of the heat absorbing coil due to localized overheating and burning of the heat collector due to abrupt drop in convective heat transfer coefficient caused by phase transition of working fluid.

Receiver module for solar power station with in-built thermal monitoring

A receiver module for a solar power station receiver, including a metal structure and an absorber module, the metal structure defining a cavity extending along a longitudinal axis in a base of which the absorber module is housed. The cavity includes an aperture configured to be aligned towards at least one mirror of the solar power station, the aperture is edged by two side portions of the metal structure extending longitudinally on either side of the cavity. The receiver module also includes thermocouples positioned on each of the side portions relative to the longitudinal axis to detect a temperature difference between a reference temperature and two points of the metal structure that are opposite relative to the longitudinal axis.

Production of synthesis gas through the use of a solar receiver decoupled from a reforming reactor

A process for the production of syngas comprising the steps of: forming a gaseous reactant mixture comprising a hydrocarbon fuel; reforming the reactant mixture in a reforming reactor at a target reforming temperature to produce hydrogen gas, the reactant mixture is heated by a heat transfer fluid that, prior to heating the reactant mixture, passes through a concentrated solar energy receiver. The volumetric ratio of heat transfer fluid between the receiver and the reforming reactor to the heat transfer fluid in the receiver is less than fifty.

Method for controlling land surface temperature using stratospheric airships and reflector

The present invention relates to a method for controlling land surface temperature using stratospheric airships and a reflector. In the method for controlling land surface temperature using stratospheric airships and a reflector, four corners are connected to a lower end of support lines coupled to be disposed vertically downward from a plurality of airships, and sunlight is reflected by a reflector unfolded into a tetragonal shape in the air, wherein the reflecting surface of the reflector plate is maintained at an angle to remain perpendicular to an incident angle of sunlight to shield the land surface from incident sunlight.

Solar receiver installation with pressurized heat transfer fluid system

A solar receiver heat transfer pressurized fluid system includes: a pressure relief valve; and a trapping device for separating liquid droplets from a pressurized gas released by the pressure relief valve and to capture the liquid droplets. The trapping device includes: a horizontal pipe; a liquid trap element extending from the horizontal pipe for catching separated liquid droplets; and a vertical exhaust pipe connected to the horizontal pipe substantially in a perpendicular manner and having an open end for discharging in atmosphere the pressurized gas released by the pressure relief valve. The horizontal pipe includes a first connection means for removably connecting at a first end to the pressure relief valve and a second connection means for removably connecting at a second end to the liquid trap element. The vertical exhaust pipe is connected to the horizontal pipe between the first end removably connectable to the pressure relief valve.

MULTILAYER MATERIAL

Thermoregulated multilayer material characterized in that it comprises at least one substrate and one thermoregulated layer, said thermoregulated multilayer material having: for λ radiation of between 0.25 and 2 μm, an absorption coefficient αm≥0.8; and, for incident λ radiation of between 7.5 and 10 μm, a reflection coefficient ρm: ρm≥0.85, when the temperature T of said multilayer material is ≤100° C.; ρm between 0.3 and 0.85, when the temperature T of said multilayer material is between 0 and 400° C. 1. A thermoregulated multilayer material comprising: [{'sub': 's', 'a transmission coefficient Γsubstantially equal to 0, for rays with a wavelength λ in a range of from 0.25 to 25 μm;'}, 'a reflection coefficient ρs≥0.9, for incident rays with wavelength λ of between 7.5 and 10 μm;, 'a support having'}a thermoregulated layer having a thickness in a range of from 50 to 500 nm and a base of rare earth perovskite cobaltites or rare earth perovskite nickelates or rare earth manganites, the thermoregulated layer topping one of the surfaces of the support; for rays with wavelength λ of between 0.25 and 2.5 μm; an absorption coefficient αm≥0.8; and', {'sub': 'm', 'claim-text': [{'sub': 'm', 'ρ≥0.85, when the temperature T of said multilayer material (M) is ≤100° C.;'}, {'sub': 'm', '0.3≤ρ≤0.85, when the temperature T of said multilayer material in a range of from 100 to 400° C.'}], 'for incident rays with wavelength λ of between 7.5 and 10 μm; a reflection coefficient ρ, wherein], 'wherein the thermoregulated material has2. The thermoregulated multilayer material according to claim 1 , wherein the perovskites have formula:{'sub': '3', 'ABO'}wherein:“A” is at least one single chemical element or a group of chemical elements belonging to the rare earths group;“B” is either cobalt Co, or nickel Ni, or manganese Mn, and{'sub': '3', '“O” represents three oxygens.'}3. The thermoregulated multilayer material according to claim 2 , wherein “A” corresponds to at least one chemical ...

HYBRID POWER AND HEAT GENERATING DEVICE

A hybrid power and heat generating device () comprising: a photovoltaic solar power collector () configured to collect solar power from solar radiation received on an active side () of the photovoltaic solar power collector; and a heat exchanging unit () configured to cool the photovoltaic solar power collector, which heat exchanging unit includes a cooling plate () arranged to transfer heat from the photovoltaic solar power collector () to a cooling medium. The heat exchanging unit () is adapted to transport the cooling medium away from the cooling plate () for heat extraction from the cooling medium. The cooling plate () is arranged with a gap () from a rear side () of the photovoltaic solar power collector () and the cooling medium is arranged to cool the cooling plate () to a temperature which allows water vapor of the ambient air in the gap () to condensate into water on the cooling plate () in the gap (). The hybrid power and heat generating device () being operable in at least two operation modes; a normal operation mode in which the gap () is at least partly filled with condensed water, which condensed water transfers heat from the photovoltaic solar power collector () to the cooling plate (); and a security operation mode in which the gap () is filled with air to thereby reduce the heat transfer from the photovoltaic solar collector () to the cooling plate (). 2106404504704. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the cooling plate (;;;) is maintained below the dew point of the ambient air in the normal operating mode.3110. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the gap () is maintained filled with condensed water in the normal operation mode.4100110102106404504704. Method according to claim 1 , further comprising operating the hybrid power and heat generating device () in a security operation mode in which the gap () is filled with air to thereby reduce the heat transfer from the photovoltaic solar collector () to the cooling plate (;;;). ...

SOLAR RECEIVER

A solar receiver and associated components, systems and methods for use with a concentrated solar power plant. The solar receiver including a heat-absorbing solid body, an optical arrangement configured to direct light on to the heat-absorbing solid body, and a heat exchanger cowl proximate the heat-absorbing solid body arranged to provide a flow of working fluid over the rotor. In use, the light from the optical arrangement heats the heat-absorbing solid body which in turn heats the working fluid proximate the heat-absorbing solid body. The heat-absorbing solid body is movable relative to the optical arrangement from a first position to a second position such that the heat-absorbing solid body does not overheat. 1. A solar receiver for a concentrated solar power station operating at light concentration values of up to 20 ,000 , the solar receiver comprising:a heat-absorbing solid body comprising a material with a melting point in excess of 1500° C., wherein the heat-absorbing solid body is a rotor and is frustoconical in shape;an optical arrangement configured to direct light onto an inner surface of the heat-absorbing solid body; anda heat exchanger cowl arranged to provide a flow of working fluid over the heat-absorbing solid body;wherein the light from the optical arrangement heats the heat-absorbing solid body which in turn heats the working fluid proximate to the heat-absorbing solid body; andwherein the heat-absorbing solid body is movable relative to the optical arrangement.2. The solar receiver according to claim 1 , wherein the heat-absorbing solid body comprises a surface configured to receive and store solar radiation in the form of heat.3. The solar receiver according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of one or more surfaces of the heat-absorbing solid body is movable from a first position to a second position claim 1 , wherein the at least a portion of the one or more surfaces of the heat-absorbing solid body is heated at the first position and ...

Solar Collector With Reflecting Surfaces

A solar collector with reflecting surfaces according to the present invention prevents overheating of the solar collector by reflecting the radiation in a way that the light beams, by means of a first transparent surface, are corrected to the preferred angle and further directed towards channels. On a second transparent surface the beams are directed again and on a third transparent surface the light beams are reflected if in the channels is air. If the working fluid flows through the channels, on the third surface there is no reflection, so the light beams pass through the opaque part of an absorber where the solar radiation is converted into the thermal energy that is then removed by the working fluid. 115-. (canceled)16. A solar collector with reflecting surfaces comprising an outer transparent plate and an inner transparent plate , the inner and outer transparent plates being parallel to each other and enclosing a first gap , the first gap being airtight and filled with air or a vacuum , channels through which air or a working liquid flows , a thermal insulation means arranged on lateral sides of the solar collector , and additional means for bringing or draining the working liquid , wherein the channels are on the underside made of an absorber for conversion of solar radiation energy into the thermal energy and on the upper side are enclosed by the inner transparent plate , the inner transparent plate at its lower side has a toothed surface comprising a plurality of teeth extending in the longitudinal direction of the channels , the toothed surface serving for direction of solar radiation when the working liquid is present in the channels or reflection of solar radiation when air is present in the channels.17. The solar collector according to claim 16 , wherein the outer transparent plate has at its upper and lower side flat surfaces claim 16 , and the inner transparent plate has at its upper side a flat surface.18. The solar collector according to claim 16 , ...

COATING FOR OPTICAL AND ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS

Single- or multilayered coating, such as a selective solar absorber coating or a coating being part of an integrated electronic circuit, comprising one or more layers containing germanium (Ge) doped VO, where −0.1≤x≤0.1. 1. Single- or multilayered coating , such as a selective solar absorber coating or a coating being part of an integrated electronic circuit , comprising at least one layer containing VO , with −0.1≤x≤0.1 , doped with one or several elements and wherein one of those elements is germanium (Ge).2. Coating according to for use as a solar absorber wherein the temperature of the thermochromic transition in the said layer is above 75° C.3. Coating according to where the total cumulated layer thickness of the Ge doped VO(−0.1≤x≤0.1) containing layer is in the range from 70 nm to 330 nm.4. Coating according to with an atomic concentration of germanium in the VO(−0.1≤x≤0.1) containing layer in the range from 0.01 at. % and 7 at. %.5. Coating according to where a highly infrared reflective substrate such as Al claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , stainless steel is used.6. Coating according to comprising a diffusion that contains AlO claim 1 , SiO claim 1 , metal nitrides or ternary compounds such as TiSiN claim 1 , CrSiNetc. . . . and wherein the thickness of said barrier is between 20 and 90 nm.7. Coating according to where one or more layers of solar absorbing layers are used claim 1 , such as e.g. TiAlON claim 1 , TiSiON claim 1 , CrAlON claim 1 , CrSiON claim 1 , a-C:H/Me claim 1 , a-Si:C:H/Me claim 1 , TiAlN claim 1 , NbTiXON claim 1 , SiON claim 1 , where x claim 1 , y claim 1 , z≥0.8. Coating according to where a top coating is used as anti-reflection layer with a thickness between 20 and 150 nm and wherein the real part of the refractive index of this top coating is in the range from 1.4 to 1.8 at a wavelength of 550 nm.9. Coating according to where the top coating contains SiOor AlO.10. Coating according to where the layer containing Ge doped VO(−0.1≤x≤0.1) is ...

SOLAR PRODUCTION OF NYLON POLYMERS AND PRECURSORS FOR NYLON POLYMER PRODUCTION

The present invention relates to process intensification, and renewable processing routes for polymer production, for example the solar production of Nylon 6,6 and precursors relevant for the Nylon 6,6 production (such as hydrogen, adiponitrile and hexanediamine). The invention deals with the integration of solar energy into the process, specifically aims at petrochemical-free processing, and deals with reformulation of traditional (linear) processes into circular (closed cycle) processing approaches and sustainable processes. 1. Fabric or polymer production process comprising the steps of:providing solar energy as input energy to the production process; andusing the provided solar energy and/or energy converted from the provided solar energy to supply energy to at least one electrochemical system and/or at least one solar-thermochemical reactor to produce the fabric or polymer, or to produce intermediate products for the production of the fabric or polymer.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solar spectrum of the provided solar energy is absorbed by a photovoltaic array and the electricity generated is used in the at least one electrochemical system for the production of adiponitrile.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein where the solar spectrum is absorbed by the photovoltaic array selectively absorbing ultraviolet and visible irradiation claim 2 , and infrared radiation of the solar spectrum is reflected or transmitted by the photovoltaic array claim 2 , and the electricity generated by the photovoltaic array is used in the electrochemical system for the production of adiponitrile (ADN).4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the photovoltaic array selectively absorbs ultraviolet and visible irradiation and reflects or transmits infrared radiation claim 1 , and the electricity generated is used in an electrochemical system for the production of adiponitrile.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein solar irradiation is concentrated in a solar concentrator and fed to at ...

THERMAL HYDRAULIC PUMP

A thermal pump system energized by a daytime heating phase and a night time cooling phase associated with a naturally occurring environmental heating and cooling cycle includes a hydraulic fluid source, a thermal fluid expansion chamber having a fixed internal volume, and a hydraulic accumulator at least partially filled by a compressible gas. A first unidirectional flow valve connected to a first duct permits flow only out of the hydraulic fluid source during the night time cooling phase. A second unidirectional flow valve connected to a second duct permits flow only out of the thermal fluid expansion chamber upon expansion of the hydraulic fluid trapped in the thermal fluid expansion chamber due to heating during the daytime heating phase. The thermal fluid expansion chamber has a thermally conductive wall communicating thermal energy from the naturally occurring heating and cooling cycle to the hydraulic fluid trapped in the fixed internal volume. 1. A thermal pump system energized by a heating and cooling cycle naturally occurring in an environment , the naturally occurring cycle comprising a daytime heating phase and a night time cooling phase , the system comprising:a source of a hydraulic fluid;a first duct connected to the source and having a first unidirectional flow valve permitting flow only out of the source;a thermal fluid expansion chamber having a fixed internal volume and connected to the first duct, the thermal fluid expansion chamber having a thermally conductive wall communicating thermal energy from the naturally occurring heating and cooling cycle in the environment to the hydraulic fluid trapped in the fixed internal volume;a second duct connected to the thermal fluid expansion chamber and having a second unidirectional flow valve permitting flow only out of the thermal fluid expansion chamber upon expansion of the hydraulic fluid trapped in the thermal fluid expansion chamber due to heating; andan hydraulic accumulator connected to the second ...

DIRECTING LIGHT FOR THERMAL AND POWER APPLICATIONS IN SPACE

Solar collectors can provide power for electricity, thermal propulsion, and material processing (e.g., mining asteroids). In one aspect, a rocket propulsion system is configured to produce thrust for a spacecraft and includes: one or more optical elements configured to receive solar energy. The optical elements include: a first window configured to allow energy to enter the rocket propulsion system and form a concentrated energy beam, and a second window positioned to allow the concentrated energy beam to pass to the heat exchanger. The second window is spaced away from the first window to form a pressurized plenum chamber therebetween. The system further includes: a heat exchanger configured to receive the energy and use it to heat and pressurize a propulsion gas, and a rocket nozzle configured to expel the pressurized propulsion gas. 1. A rocket propulsion system configured to produce thrust for a spacecraft , the system comprising:{'claim-text': ['a first window configured to allow energy to enter the rocket propulsion system and form a concentrated energy beam; and', 'a second window positioned to allow the concentrated energy beam to pass to the heat exchanger, the second window spaced away from the first window to form a pressurized plenum chamber therebetween;'], '#text': 'one or more optical elements configured to receive solar energy, the optical elements comprising:'}a heat exchanger configured to receive the energy and use it to heat and pressurize a propulsion gas; anda rocket nozzle configured to expel the pressurized propulsion gas.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first window is configured to function as a pressure window of the pressurized plenum chamber and further comprises one or more curved surfaces configured to provide a controlled amount of focusing of the energy.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the controlled amount of focusing is selected to limit the concentration of the energy to temperatures within safe operating limits of system ...

SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTOR ADAPTABLE TO VARIABLE FOCAL POINT

A solar energy collector includes: a solar energy collection tube having an absorption medium flow path for allowing an absorption medium to flow therethrough; a lens configured to concentrate solar energy on the solar energy collection tube; and an actuator configured to move the solar energy collection tube or the lens based on an incidence angle of the solar energy so that the solar energy is focused on the solar energy collection tube. 1. A solar energy collector , comprising:a solar energy collection tube having an absorption medium flow path for allowing an absorption medium to flow therethrough;a lens configured to concentrate solar energy on the solar energy collection tube; andan actuator configured to move the solar energy collection tube or the lens based on an incidence angle of the solar energy so that the solar energy is focused on the solar energy collection tube.2. The solar energy collector of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to adjust the distance between the solar energy collection tube and the lens by moving one of the solar energy collection tube and the lens relative to the other.3. The solar energy collector of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to move the solar energy collection tube toward or away from the lens so that the solar energy is focused on the solar energy collection tube.4. The solar energy collector of claim 1 , wherein the lens has a flat panel shape.5. The solar energy collector of claim 1 , further comprising:a controller configured to control the actuator so that the solar energy is focused on the solar energy collection tube based on incidence angle information including incidence angles of the solar energy that vary with time.6. The solar energy collector of claim 1 , further comprising:a sensor configured to measure an incidence angle of the solar energy; anda controller configured to control the actuator so that the solar energy is focused on the solar energy collection tube by using the incidence ...

Heliostat Surface Shape Detection System and Method Based on Multi-View Image Recognition

A heliostat surface shape detection system and a method based on multi-view image recognition are described. The system includes a multi-view image collector array, a bracket and a computer. The multi-view image collector array is arranged on the bracket so that the main optical axes of image collectors are parallel to each other and point to the heliostat; the multi-view image collector array is connected with the computer via data lines, and transmits the collected image data to the computer for heliostat surface shape calculation. 1. A surface shape detection system of a heliostat based on multi-view image recognition , comprising:a multi-view image collector array;a bracket; anda computer;wherein the multi-view image collector array is arranged on the bracket so that main optical axes of image collectors included in the multi-view image collector array are parallel to each other and point to the heliostat, and the multi-view image collector array is connected with the computer through data lines and transmits collected image data to the computer for surface shape calculation of the heliostat.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the image collectors of the multi-view image collector array are stably installed on the bracket at equal intervals claim 1 , and the number of the image collectors in the multi-view image collector array is determined according to an external dimension of the heliostat and the image collectors are installed in a form of modules.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the number of the image collectors in the multi-view image collector array is at least 2. The present application is a Continuation Application of PCT Application No. PCT/CN2018/081856 filed on Apr. 4, 2018, which claims the benefit of Chinese Patent Application No. 201710353911.6 filed on May 18, 2017. All the above are hereby incorporated by reference.The present invention relates to a heliostat surface shape detection system and method based on multi-view image recognition, and ...

FALLING PARTICLE SOLAR RECEIVERS

Falling particle solar receivers, systems, and methods are disclosed that include one non-linear falling particle curtain or two or more falling particle curtains within a solar receiver that receives incident solar radiation. The particles heated in the solar receiver may be used to heat a secondary fluid. In an embodiment, the particles may be recirculated to improve energy capture and thermal efficiency. In other embodiments, an air curtain may be used across the aperture of the receiver, and flow-control devices may be used to evenly spread particles across the width of the receiver inlet. Finally, feed particles may be preheated using heat from the solar receiver. 1. A falling particle solar receiver system , comprising:a receiver body comprising an inlet for forming a curtain of falling particles through the falling particle solar receiver;wherein the inlet has a width and a cross-section corresponding to a non-linear waveform shape.2. The falling particle solar receiver system of claim 1 , wherein the non-linear waveform shape comprises triangle or square shaped wavelengths.3. The falling particle solar receiver system of claim 1 , wherein the receiver body further comprises a window for allowing concentrated solar energy to impinge upon the curtain of falling particles and an air flow device for directing a curtain of air across the window.4. The falling particle solar receiver system of claim 1 , further comprising:a heat exchanger in fluid connectivity to the receiver body, the heat exchanger receiving heated particles from the receiver body and exchanging heat between the heated particles and a fluid stream.5. The falling particle solar receiver system of claim 1 , further comprising:a feed system that feeds particles to the receiver body,wherein the feed system heats feed particles with heat from the receiver body.6. The falling particle solar receiver system of claim 5 , wherein the heat from the receiver body that preheats the feed particles is from ...

Method for Draining Thermal Oil in a Thermosolar Plant, and Corresponding Auxiliary Installation for Carrying Out Said Method

An installation for draining thermal oil in a thermosolar plant, and includes an oil tank ( 7 ), a pump assembly ( 6 ), a depressor or suction assembly ( 8 ), lines for communication with valves ( 11, 21 ), and a valve assembly for opening/closing the passage between the separate elements, with the lines for communication with the valves ( 11, 21 ) including pairs of pipes of the closed loop or branches ( 3, 4 ) that do not have valves on the free end thereof, with the installation operated by sweeping the separate circuits that form the installation by driving or suction according to the corresponding operation phase.

Solar heat collecting system, and apparatus and method of controlling the same

In one embodiment, a solar heat collecting system includes a heat collector configured to heat a heat medium by a sunray. The system further includes a heater configured to heat a heating target fluid by the heat medium. The system further includes a heat medium pipe configured to circulate the heat medium between the heat collector and the heater. The system further includes a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the heat medium flowing from the heat collector toward the heater, at a position located upstream of an initial bent portion of the heat medium pipe in a region where the heat medium pipe extends from the heat collector toward the heater. The system further includes a controller configured to control heating of the heat medium in accordance with the temperature of the heat medium measured by the temperature sensor.

Concentrated Solar Cement Kiln

The subject invention combines two long-established technologies—cement kilning and solar radiation concentration—to create a new process to kiln cements that will significantly reduce the non-renewable energy consumption and pollution and CO2 generation of current cement kilning methods. The process entails using focused solar radiation to heat closed containers containing cement raw materials to kiln the raw materials to produce cement, including Portland cement. 1. The scope of this claim is the plan of kilning cement in closed containers principally heated by concentrated solar radiation. None.Not applicable.Not applicable.This invention pertains to the production of mineral cements, including Portland cement, via kilning.Currently, Portland cement kilning produces a significant percentage of the total worldwide emissions of CO2 (carbon dioxide) and mercury, and up to 500,000 tons per year of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, and other air pollutants. As of 2020, cement kilning is estimated to annually produce more than 1.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide, representing more than 5% of total global human-generated CO2 emissions, and more than 2,000 tons of gaseous mercury emissions, approximately 11% of the total annual global anthropogenic mercury emissions.The concentrated solar cement kiln described herein is a novel combination of two well-established technologies, using focused (concentrated) solar energy as a primary heat source, and kilning the cement in closed containers to contain pollutants emitted by the raw materials while kilning.The concentrated solar cement kiln described herein will substantially reduce the emission of CO2, mercury, and other air pollutants by significantly reducing the amount of fossil fuel combustion required and by containing the gases emitted by the raw materials during the kilning.The unique combination identified herein is the kilning of cement in closed containers principally heated with focused solar ...

METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR GREASE PURIFICATION

A method for grease purification is disclosed. The method comprises steps of: S1, feeding crude grease into a grease hydrolysis column to be hydrolysed so as to obtain aqueous phase, organic phase, and middle layer substances between the aqueous phase and the organic phase; S2, feeding the organic phase and the middle layer substances in the grease hydrolysis column into a flash stripping column to be flashed so as to obtain vaporized products and non-vaporized products; and S3, feeding the vaporized products in the flash stripping column into a separation column to be separated so as to obtain fatty acid. By this method, fatty acid with a high purity can be obtained; glycerin can be obtained as a co-product; and high value-added nutrients in the grease can be collected. Therefore, the use value of grease can be greatly improved. 1. A method for grease purification , comprising steps of:S1, feeding crude grease into a grease hydrolysis column to be hydrolysed so as to obtain an aqueous phase, an organic phase, and middle layer substances between the aqueous phase and the organic phase;S2, feeding the organic phase and the middle layer substances in the grease hydrolysis column into a flash stripping column to be flashed to obtain vaporized products and non-vaporized products; andS3, feeding the vaporized products in the flash stripping column into a separation column to be separated to obtain fatty acid.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous phase comprises glycerin and water; wherein the aqueous phase in the grease hydrolysis column is discharged therefrom and is fed into a first heat exchanger to exchange heat with crude grease claim 1 , and the crude grease is fed into the grease hydrolysis column to be hydrolysed; and wherein the aqueous phase is heated by a second heat exchanger and is returned to the grease hydrolysis column for hydrolysis reaction.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the second heat exchanger uses hot stream with a ...

Device and method for thermal-electrochemical energy storage and energy provision

The invention proposes a method and a device () for thermal-electrochemical energy storage and energy provision. The device () comprises: at least one thermal energy store (), wherein the thermal energy store () comprises at least one heat transport medium () and at least one storage medium () selected from the group consisting of an electromagnetic storage medium, a thermal storage medium; at least one heating device (), wherein the heating device () is designed to receive the heat transport medium () from the thermal energy store (), to heat this medium and return it to the thermal energy store (); at least one electrochemical cell (), wherein the electrochemical cell () comprises at least one gas chamber (), wherein the electrochemical cell () further comprises at least one first electrode () and at least one second electrode (): wherein the second electrode () is designed as a 3-phase electrode (), wherein the 3-phase electrode () has at least one first phase boundary () to the gas chamber () and at least one second phase boundary () to the electrochemical storage medium (); wherein the electrochemical cell () is designed to electrochemically react the electrochemical storage medium (); and at east one container (), wherein the container () is designed to receive a supply on the heat transport medium (), wherein the container () is further designed to receive the thermal storage medium () from the thermal energy store (). 1110. A device () for thermal-electrochemical energy storage and energy provision , comprising{'b': 118', '118', '121', '119, 'at least one thermal energy storage device (), the thermal energy storage device () comprising at least one heat transport medium () and at least one storage medium () selected from the group consisting of: an electrochemical storage medium, a thermal storage medium;'}{'b': 134', '134', '121', '118', '118, 'at least one heating device (), wherein the heating device () is adapted to receive the heat transport medium () ...

Photovoltaic solar conversion

A photovoltaic chip is designed to receive light energy from a light box arranged above it. The light can be sunlight guided by optical-fibers. For ease of replacement the photovoltaic chips can be supported in a carrier which is movably housed in a block. The blocks are housed on racks and are movable for ease of repair and replacement.

Efficient solar energy collector

The invention relates to a solar conversion system, comprising solar focusing means for focusing solar energy incident thereon into a solar beam, said solar beam at its smallest cross section having a cross section less than about ten percent of the cross section of the solar focusing means, container means to retain a fluid to be heated by solar energy, said container means having an opening approximately the size of the smallest cross section of the solar beam, positioning means operable for positioning said focusing means so that the smallest cross section of said solar beam is located at the opening so that substantially all of the solar beam enters into said container, dispersing means positioned in said container in the path of said solar beam operable to disperse the solar beam in said container, thereby reducing the amount of reflected solar beam exiting the opening.

Large area luminescent solar concentrator based on indirect band-gap semiconductor nanocrystals

The object of the invention is a luminescent solar concentrator having a vitreous or plastic matrix containing colloidal indirect band-gap semiconductor nanocrystals and in particular silicon nanocrystals.

PROCESS SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING HEAT AND A METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME

The invention relates to a process system () comprising heat stores (-----), which are designed to store heat between an upper (T) and a lower temperature (T) and to discharge the same again, and comprising a conduit arrangement (L) for the transport of heat-transporting medium to the heat stores (-----) and away from the latter again, wherein a plurality of operable process units (----) are provided between the upper (T) and the lower temperature (T() and are each arranged such that the process units are capable of operation between two heat stores (-----), through the conduit arrangement (L). This results in a reduced outlay for the production of the process system. 1. A process system comprising heat storages , which are designed to storage heat between an upper (T) and a lower temperature (T) and to discharge the same again , and comprising a conduit arrangement (L) for the transport of heat transporting medium to the heat storages and away from them again , characterized in that a plurality of process units that are operable between the upper (T) and a lower temperature (T) are provided , and are each operatively arranged between two heat storages through the conduit arrangement (L).2. The process system according to claim 1 , wherein a feed line for heat transporting medium is provided claim 1 , and opens into one or more of the heat storages and/or process units claim 1 , which in turn is connected to a further heat source claim 1 , which preferably delivers heat at a temperature of Tor higher.3. The process system according to claim 1 , wherein the heat storages are designed to accept and discharge heat with a wavelike temperature profile claim 1 , preferably being stratified heat storages.4. The process system according to claim 1 , wherein the system comprises a combined process group in which at least two process units and at least three heat storages are provided claim 1 , which are connected to each other alternatingly in series by the conduit ...

SOLAR HEAT ABSORBER, SOLAR HEAT COLLECTING SYSTEM AND SOLAR POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

The present disclosure provides a solar heat absorber including: an inlet through which a heat collecting medium enters the solar heat absorber; a passage member configured to be fluidly connected with the inlet such that the heat collecting medium enters the passage member through the inlet; and a collection member configured to be fluidly connected with the passage member such that the heat collecting medium enters the collection member through the passage member. In the solar heat absorber according to the present disclosure, the ceramic particles are used as the heat collecting medium. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a solar heat collecting system including the solar heat absorber, and a solar power generation system including the solar heat collecting system. 1. A solar heat absorber comprising:an inlet through which a heat collecting medium enters the solar heat absorber;a passage member configured to be fluidly connected with the inlet such that the heat collecting medium enters the passage member through the inlet; anda collection member configured to be fluidly connected with the passage member such that the heat collecting medium enters the collection member through the passage member.2. The solar heat absorber of claim 1 , wherein the heat collecting medium is a flow of ceramic particles.3. The solar heat absorber of claim 2 , wherein the ceramic particles have a packing factor of 0.5-0.7.4. The solar heat absorber of claim 2 , wherein each of the ceramic particles has a diameter of 0.1 mm-6 mm.5. The solar heat absorber of claim 2 , wherein a material of the ceramic particles is selected from one of a carbide ceramic claim 2 , a nitride ceramic or an oxide ceramic claim 2 , or a mixture thereof.6. The solar heat absorber of claim 2 , wherein the flow of the ceramic particles is configured to have a flow speed of 0.1-2 m/s.7. The solar heat absorber of claim 1 , wherein the passage member comprises:a plurality of passage units, each ...

Heliostat Correction System Based on Celestial Body Images and Its Method

A heliostat correction system includes an image acquisition module for acquiring the image of a celestial body in a field of view and sending the image to a data analysis module which analyzes the deviation value between the celestial body image and the image center in an image coordinate system and transmits the deviation value to a correction calculation module which decomposes the deviation to a corresponding rotation axis according to the rotation mode of a heliostat to obtain the deviation angle of each rotation axis; a data storage module is used to store the correction result of the heliostat and the single correction period control command list of the heliostat; a communication module reads the single correction period control command list from the data storage module, sends the list to the heliostat, and simultaneously controls the image acquisition module to shoot according to the rotation period of the heliostat. 1. A heliostat correction system based on celestial body images , provided on a reflecting surface of a heliostat which is fixed on a rotation axis , comprising:an image acquisition module,a data analysis module,a correction calculation module,a data storage module, anda communication module;wherein the image acquisition module is in a same direction as the reflecting surface of the heliostat, the image acquisition module and the heliostat both facing celestial bodies or other markers;a deviation angle between an optical axis vector of the image acquisition module and a normal vector of the heliostat is known;the image acquisition module is used for acquiring images of the celestial bodies moving regularly in a field of view and having a certain brightness, and then sending the images to the data analysis module, which analyzes a deviation value between the celestial body image and an image center in an image coordinate system and transmits the deviation value to the correction calculation module, which decomposes the deviation value to a ...

DEVICES AND METHODS FOR CONCENTRATED RADIATIVE COOLING

Devices and methods for concentrated radiative cooling using radiative cooling coatings in combination with mid-infrared reflectors. Concentrated radiative cooling (CRC) devices include an object to be cooled that is coated with a radiative cooling material and a mid-infrared (mid-IR) reflector configured to reflect thermal energy radiated from a surface of the object to deep space. The object may be nested in a mid-IR reflective trough such that substantially an entirety of the object's surface area contributes to radiative cooling. The radiative cooling material may be a coating such as a paint or film that is applied directly to the object's exterior surfaces to reduce thermal resistances. The radiative cooling coating is configured to lose thermal energy from the object by means of exhibiting high emissivity for wavelengths of 8 to 13 micrometers, and in some arrangements of 5 to 30 micrometers. 1. A device comprising:an object having exterior surfaces configured to be exposed to sunlight;{'b': 8', '13, 'a radiative cooling coating on the exterior surfaces of the object, the radiative cooling coating configured to lose thermal energy from the object, the radiative cooling coating exhibiting high emissivity for wavelengths of to micrometers, wherein the radiative cooling coating is configured to radiate the thermal energy from a first of the exterior surfaces in first directions and a second of the exterior surfaces in second directions that are different from the first directions; and'}a reflector having a surface configured to reflect the thermal energy radiated from the radiative cooling coating on the second surface and redirect the thermal energy in the first directions.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the radiative cooling coating exhibits high reflectance for the solar spectrum wavelengths of 0.3 to 3 micrometers.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the reflector has a concave shape with an opening facing the object.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ...

METHOD FOR OPERATING A HYBRID COLLECTOR SOLAR SYSTEM

A method for operating a hybrid collector solar system includes a heat transfer agent, which is present in a buffer accumulator, that passes via a pump into a thermal solar collector of the hybrid collector in order to heat the heat transfer agent. The pump is connected into a feed line that connects the buffer accumulator to the thermal solar collector. The hybrid collector solar system is partially filled with the heat transfer agent so that part of the hybrid collector solar system is not filled and so that the heat transfer agent is moved back and forth between the thermal solar collector and the buffer accumulator via the feed line depending on its temperature, thereby realizing an oscillating method of operation. 116-. (canceled)17. A method for operating a hybrid collector solar system , comprising:partially filling the hybrid collector solar system with a heat transfer agent so that part of the solar system is not filled;passing the heat transfer agent, which is present in a buffer accumulator, via a pump into a thermal solar collector to heat the heat transfer agent, the pump connected to a feed line that connects the buffer accumulator to the thermal solar collector; andmoving the heat transfer agent back and forth between the thermal solar collector and the buffer accumulator via the feed line depending on a temperature of the heat transfer agent to provide an oscillating method of operation.18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the heat transfer agent in a first operating state is primarily located in the buffer accumulator and in a second operating state it is primarily located in the thermal solar collector.19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising pumping the heat transfer agent with the pump from the buffer accumulator to the thermal solar collector via the feed line.20. The method of claim 18 , further comprising transferring the heat transfer agent from the second operating state to the first operating state by emptying the thermal solar ...

METHOD FOR REMOVING GAS FROM HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT-TRANSFER FLUIDS IN SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTS

The invention provides a process for removal of gaseous decomposition products from high temperature heat transfer fluid HTF of an operational solar thermal power plant having an HTF circuit, 1. A method for the removal of gaseous decomposition products from a high temperature heat transfer fluid (HTF) of an operational solar thermal power plant having an HTF circuit , in which a volume increase of the HTF in the HTF circuit which is caused by incident solar radiation in an HTF-traversed solar field and consequently heating by day takes place regularly in a day-night cycle , comprising:collecting from the HTF circuit the additional volume formed by the volume increase in an expansion vessel;transferring a portion of the additional volume of the HTF into a drainage vessel operated at relatively low pressure in which gaseous decomposition products and low-boiling constituents escape from the HTF, wherein the low-boiling constituents are condensed; andrecycling a portion of the additional volume of the HTF, resulting from the volume contraction of the HTF occurring during the night time cooling from the drainage vessel into the expansion vessel and from the expansion vessel into the HTF circuit or directly from the drainage vessel into the HTF circuit, wherein the volumes in the expansion vessel and the drainage vessel becoming vacant as a result of the transferrals of the HTF are filled with an inert gas.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the HTF is silicone oil.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the condensation of the low-boiling constituents of the HTF is carried out as a multi-stage condensation.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expansion vessel has smaller dimensions than the drainage vessel.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inert gas is selected from the group consisting of He claim 1 , Ar claim 1 , Ne and N.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the HTF in the solar field in daytime operation has a temperature between about 150° C. to ...

HOLDER FOR SECURING A FLUID TUBE, A SOLAR COLLECTOR, AND METHOD OF ARRANGING A FLUID TUBE

A holder for securing a fluid tube to a trough-formed solar collector. In an operation mode of the solar collector, the holder partly encircles a circumference of a cross-section of the fluid tube and leaves a portion of the circumference un-encircled by the holder. The holder may comprise a base member adapted to abut the fluid tube, the base member comprising at least one securing means adapted to secure the base member to the solar collector. Further, the holder may comprise an immobilizing member adapted to together with the base member immobilize a centre-line of the fluid tube in the solar collector when the fluid tube abuts the holder. The base member is connected with the immobilizing member, such that the base member together with the immobilizing member, in an operation mode of the solar collector, partly encircles the circumference of the cross-section of the fluid tube and forms an opening smaller than a diameter of the cross-section of the fluid tube. The immobilizing member may be pivotably connected to the base member by a connecting means, such that the immobilizing member can pivot in relation to the base member to, in a service mode of the solar collector, leave an opening larger than the diameter of the cross-section of the fluid tube. 116-. (canceled)17. A holder for securing a fluid tube to a trough-formed solar collector , wherein the holder is configured to , in an operation mode of the solar collector , partly encircle a circumference of a cross-section of the fluid tube and leave a portion of the circumference un-encircled by the holder , and direct the un-encircled portion to face a reflective surface of the solar collector , such that the un-encircled portion is accessible for concentrated solar radiation reflected by the reflective surface , the holder comprising:a base member adapted to abut the fluid tube, the base member comprising at least one securing means adapted to secure the base member to the solar collector, andan immobilizing ...

Utilization of solar systems to harvest atmospheric moisture for various applications including panel cleaning

A solar collection system is provided in which an absorption refrigeration system is included to generate water from atmospheric moisture, and to do so without the use of an electrically operated compressor. At least a portion of the solar energy captured by the solar collection system is used to operate the absorption refrigeration cycle. The absorption refrigeration cycle provides cooling that causes water in the atmosphere to condense into a liquid that can be collected and used for various applications. As one example, the collected liquid can be used for the cleaning of the solar collection system of contaminants like dust or bird drippings. In other applications, the water can be used outside the solar collection system including, but not limited to, irrigation, drinking, and other industrial purposes.

Chemical Looping Fluidized-Bed Concentrating Solar Power System and Method

A concentrated solar power (CSP) plant comprises a receiver configured to contain a chemical substance for a chemical reaction and an array of heliostats. Each heliostat is configured to direct sunlight toward the receiver. The receiver is configured to transfer thermal energy from the sunlight to the chemical substance in a reduction reaction. The CSP plant further comprises a first storage container configured to store solid state particles produced by the reduction reaction and a heat exchanger configured to combine the solid state particles and gas through an oxidation reaction. The heat exchanger is configured to transfer heat produced in the oxidation reaction to a working fluid to heat the working fluid. The CSP plant further comprises a power turbine coupled to the heat exchanger, such that the heated working fluid turns the power turbine, and a generator coupled to and driven by the power turbine to generate electricity.

FLUID SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM

A heating system comprising a non-tlai transparent housing comprising walls made of heat isolating material; a tank within the housing for receiving liquid; a platform laid on the ground; legs holding the tank on the platform; light-absorbent and heat conductive fins coupled to the tank, and a cold fluid inlet with a non-return valve therein, and a hot water fluid, the inlet and outlet extending from the tank to outside the housing; means to transfer heated air from inside the housing to outside the housing. 1. A heating system comprising:a non-flat transparent housing comprising walls made of heat isolating material;a tank within the housing for receiving liquid;a platform laid on the ground;legs holding the tank on the platform;light-absorbent and heat conductive fins coupled to the tank;a cold fluid inlet with a non-return valve therein, and a hot water fluid, the inlet and outlet extending from the tank to outside the housing; andmeans to transfer heated air from inside the housing to outside the housing.2. A heating system comprising:a non-flat transparent housing comprising a top part and a bottom part, wherein the bottom part comprises a first layer of heat isolating material and the top part comprises a second layer of heat isolating material, wherein the second layer is substantially thicker than the first layer;a tank within the housing for receiving liquid;means to secure the tank in a vertical orientation to a building;light-absorbent and heat conductive fins coupled to the tank;a cold fluid inlet with a non-return valve therein, and a hot fluid outlet, the inlet and outlet extending from the tank to outside the housing; andmeans to transfer heated air from inside the housing to outside the housing.3. The heating system of claim 1 , further comprising a fan directed to blow on the fins.4. The heating system of claim 1 , further comprising circles that comprise the fins and wherein the circlets are snap-ons.5. The heating system of claim 4 , wherein the ...

Solar thermal receivers with multi-scale light trapping geometry and features

Solar receivers including a plurality of multi-scale solar absorbing surfaces arranged such that light or heat reflected from or emitted from one or more of the plurality of solar absorbing surfaces impinges one or more other solar absorbing surfaces of the solar receiver. The disclosed receivers increase the amount of absorbed energy from a concentrated light source, such as a heliostat field, and reduce radiative and convective heat losses.

METHOD FOR TRANSFERRING THE HEAT CONTAINED IN A GAS, AND HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THIS PURPOSE

The invention relates to a method for exchanging heat contained at a fluid. A gas which is heated indirectly and emits infrared radiation is used as the fluid, said fluid being guided to the heat exchanger via an inlet and through art absorber chamber in the heat exchanger, and at least one surface, which absorbs the infrared radiation of the gas in order to use the heat of the gas, is provided in the absorber chamber. The mass flow and the temperature of she gas are additionally adjusted and the at least one surface which is absorbent for the heat exchange is designed such that the ratio dr of the heat flowing through the surface as a result of absorption to the total heat flowing through the surface is ≥0.6 during operation. Thus, a simpler and less expensive heat exchanger can be implemented. 1. A method for exchanging heat contained in a fluid , characterized in that a gas which is heated indirectly and emits infrared radiation is used as the fluid , said fluid being guided to the heat exchanger via an inlet and through an absorber chamber in the heat exchanger , and at least one surface , which absorbs the infrared radiation of the gas in order to use the heat of the gas , is provided in the absorber chamber , and wherein the mass flow and the temperature of the gas are additionally adjusted in such a way and the at least one surface which is absorbent for the heat exchange is designed in such a way that the ratio Ψ of the heat flowing through the surface as a result of absorption to the total heat flowing through the surface is ≥0.6 during operation.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio Ψ is ≥0.7 claim 1 , preferably ≥0.8 and claim 1 , being particularly preferred claim 1 , ≥0.9.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the gas comprises a heteropolar gas claim 1 , preferably CO2 claim 1 , water vapour claim 1 , CH4 claim 1 , NH3 claim 1 , CO claim 1 , SO2 claim 1 , HCl claim 1 , NO claim 1 , and NO2 or a mixture of these gases.4. The ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF GENERATING SOLAR ENERGY AND DRY COOLING

Dry cooling systems and methods are provided including at least one plastic elongated tube formed at least partially of a semi-rigid material and having a flat wall portion, a reflective material attached to said flat wall portion of the tube to reflect solar radiation, and at least one fluid channel in thermal communication with the reflective material, the fluid channel adapted to allow flow of a heat transfer fluid. Thermal power plants are provided which include a dry cooling system, one or more pipes in fluid communication with the dry cooling system, and at least one heat exchanger in fluid communication with the one or more pipes. 1. A dry cooling system comprising:at least one elongated tube formed at least partially of a semi-rigid material and having a flat wall portion;a reflective material attached to said flat wall portion of the tube to reflect solar radiation;at least one fluid channel in thermal communication with the reflective material, the fluid channel adapted to allow flow of a heat transfer fluid.2. The system of wherein the at least one elongated tube is located in a support basin of water.3. The system of wherein the at least one elongated tube further comprises a central air conduit.4. The system of wherein the at least one elongated tube is incorporated into a heliostat assembly.5. The system of wherein the torsional load of the heliostat assembly is 5 mRad or lower.6. The system of wherein the at least one elongated tube further comprises a slideable pipe next to the reflector.7. The system of wherein the heat transfer fluid comprises one or more of thermal oil claim 1 , water claim 1 , molten salt claim 1 , or supercritical CO2.8. The system of wherein the at least one elongated tube can be configured in a cooling track mode to cool the system.9. The system of wherein the semi-rigid material is plastic.10. A thermal power plant comprising:a dry cooling system including at least one elongated tube formed at least partially of a semi-rigid ...

PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS FOR COOLING ENCLOSED ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, INCLUDING FOR SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTION, AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

The present technology is directed generally to phase change materials for cooling enclosed electronic components, including for solar energy collection, and associated systems and methods. In particular embodiments, a system directs warm air through an airflow path in thermal communication with a phase change material to liquefy the phase change material and cool the air. The system also directs the cool air into thermal communication with electronic components to cool the electronic components via conduction and/or convection. 1. A solar energy collection system , comprising:an enclosed solar collection structure having a light-transmissive surface;a plurality of solar concentrators positioned within the enclosed solar collection structure to receive solar radiation passing into the solar collection structure;at least one receiver positioned to receive solar radiation from at least one of the plurality of solar concentrators;an electronics enclosure positioned within the solar collection structure;an electronic component positioned at least partially within the electronics enclosure;a phase change material within the solar collection structure, wherein the phase change material is spaced apart from the electronic component, and wherein the phase change material has a melting point below a target temperature of the electronic component;an airflow path positioned between the phase change material and the electronic component;an actuatable component in fluid communication with the airflow path and changeable to regulate a flow of air along the airflow path; anda controller coupled to the actuatable component to adjust the actuatable component between a first configuration with the actuatable component allowing a first flow of air to pass along the airflow path, and a second configuration with the actuatable component allowing no airflow or a second flow of air less than the first flow of air to pass along the airflow path.232-. (canceled) The present application ...

CHARACTERIZATION DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZING REFLECTIVE ELEMENTS FROM THE LIGHT BEAMS REFLECTED THEREIN

A characterization device, system, and method for characterizing reflective elements from the light beams reflected in it. The device has two variable-gain detectors on a common structure, which can be portable or fixed, and for capturing light beams reflected by a reflective element, and from at least one processor characterizing the quality of the reflected light beams and evaluating the quality of the reflective element from its reflective capacity. Each detector has a lens for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of the reflected beam or beams, a light sensor on which the beam or beams captured by the lens are focused, an automatic gain selection system associated with the optical sensor, and a data communication device associated with the device itself. A characterization system and a characterization method for characterizing reflective elements from the quality of the light beams reflected in at least one reflective element or heliostat. 116.-. (canceled)1730405040603010304050. Characterization device for characterizing the shape and deformations of the surface of reflective elements () through the combination of light beams () reflected by the surface and images of the surface , characterized in that it comprises at least two variable-gain detectors () , for capturing the reflected beams () , and at least one pin-hole camera () , for taking images of the reflective elements () , located on a structure () for receiving the light beam reflected by at least one reflective element () , so that by said combination of the reflected beams () with the images of the surface the orientation of all the points of said surface and the deviation with respect to the design shape of said surface is determined , and each detector () comprising:{'b': 51', '56', '40, 'a lens (), with an aperture angle () smaller than 15°, for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of the beam (),'}{'b': 52', '40', '51, 'at least one optical sensor () on which the beam () captured by the lens () ...

ENHANCED PERFORMANCE THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR

A cooling system for a photovoltaic panel including micro flat heat pipes (HP) integrated with thermoelectric generators (TEG) and a cooled water reservoir for cooling the working fluid in heat pipes. The cooled water in the reservoir is pumped from the condensate pan of an air conditioner. Experimental results show that cooling system reduced the average temperature of the panel by as much as 19° C. or 25%. Further, the output power of the photovoltaic panel increased by 44% when the photovoltaic panel was used in a very hot climate (30-40° C.). An additional two watts of power was generated by the TEGs. 1. An enhanced performance photovoltaic panel system , comprising:a photovoltaic panel having a front surface, a back surface, a frame and at least one electrical junction box, wherein the photovoltaic panel is configured to generate electrical current from solar radiation impinging on the front surface;a plurality of thermoelectric generators having a first side and a second side, the first side attached to the back surface, wherein each thermoelectric generator is configured to generate electrical current when the first side is at a different temperature than the second side;a plurality of micro flat heat pipes (HP), wherein each micro flat heat pipe is attached to the second side of at least one of the thermoelectric generators, each micro flat heat pipe having a hot end and a cold end;a plurality of heat sinks, each heat sink including a water reservoir;at least one air conditioner including an evaporator and a condensate drain;a water pumping unit including a fluid manifold in thermal contact with the hot ends of the plurality of micro flat heat pipes and a pump fluidly coupled connected to each water reservoir and the condensate drain;a battery;a controller operatively connected to the pump, the plurality of thermoelectric generators, the at least one electrical junction box and the battery, the controller including circuitry and at least one processor, the ...

Photovoltaic Thermal Module with Air Heat Exchanger

The problem is solved as follows: the photovoltaic thermal module consists of a photovoltaic module, on the rear side of which facing away from the sun a heat exchanger is located. The heat exchanger consists of at least one conduit through which heat transfer fluid flows. The conduits (which are optionally enlarged by heat transfer surfaces are disposed at a distance from the photovoltaic module such that they are in good contact with the ambient air and also thermally conductively connected to the photovoltaic module. The surface area and the amount of heat exchange to the ambient air are increased by the main orientation of the surfaces of the heat exchanger running transversely to the PV module. As a result, a good flow of ambient air around both the heat exchanger and the rear side of the PV module is made possible. The PVT module is used, in particular, in combination with heat pumps for supplying heat to and/or cooling buildings. 1. A photovoltaic thermal module for combined generation of electricity and heat , having a photovoltaic module , on the rear side of which , in the position of use , facing away from the sun , a heat exchanger is situated , wherein the heat exchanger contains at least one channel structure or line through which a liquid or gaseous heat carrier fluid flows. which structure or line is situated at a distance from the photovoltaic module , wherein the at least one channel structure or line not only stands in direct contact with the ambient air , but also is connected with the photovoltaic module in thermally conductive manner , wherein the surface areas of the heat exchanger that stand in contact with the ambient air are disposed transversely to the plane of expanse of the photovoltaic module , and free spaces are provided between the surfaces of the heat exchanger , characterized in that to use the photovoltaic thermal module as a low-temperature heal source for a heat pump , the free spaces between the surface areas of the heat ...

Systems and Methods for Altering Rotation of a Solar Rotational Manufacturing System

A solar rotational manufacturing system having a monitoring device, a controller, a heliostat having a heliostat controller, a rotational apparatus having a rotational controller, and a mold, wherein the monitoring device is configured to collect actual data regarding a characteristic of the solar rotational heating system and transmit actual data to the controller, the controller is configured to receive a reference parameter, an affecting parameter, and linking instructions, receive actual data from the monitoring device, compare actual data with a reference parameter, determine an affecting parameter to alter, and transmit alteration instructions to the heliostat controller and/or the rotational controller, the heliostat controller is configured to receive the alteration instructions from the controller and execute the alteration instructions, and the rotational controller is configured to receive the alteration instructions from the controller and execute the alteration instructions.

TRANSPARENT VACUUM TUBE CONTAINING MIRRORS AND A LIQUID TRANSFER TUBE

This invention is related to a transparent glass tube evacuated from air and other gases. To prevent the transferring of heat. This glass tube contains reflective mirrors that focus on the sun rays, the shape of these mirrors are (parabola). The evacuated glass tube also contains liquid carrier made of metal or glass that goes through this parabola so that the sun rays focus on it. This liquid carrier tube is coated with absorbent coatings of sun rays. Any liquid substance transferring heat, such as oil goes through this liquid carrier tube. These evacuated glass tubes can be used individually or placed in rows on a metal holder and moved according to the movement of the sun. So that the parabola mirrors are directed towards the sun then the solar rays focus on all sides of the liquid carrier tube. Then the oil will become hot and goes wherever place which it can be useful in heating the steam turbine boilers and heating swimming pools and in factories. These tubes are made in different sizes, diameters and lengths as needed, and their size is proportional to the size of the reflective mirrors and the liquid carrier tube, FIG. 112c. A transparent glass tube evacuated of air and gases () contains solar focus mirrors in the Fig. of parabola (A). This glass tube is characterized by the presence of solar focus mirrors (A) inside it. There is also inside a glass tube in the fluid conveyor tube (B). The fluid conveyor tube (B) with the extension of reflective mirrors focus (parabola) (A). The fluid conveyor tube (B) is made of metal or glass and it is coated with a coating that absorbs the sunrays. The area between the glass tube () and the fluid conveyor tube is evacuated of air and gases to prevent heat loss.2. A solar matrix , consisting of a number of tubes , is parallel and portable on the pillars , and there is a vertical pillar in the middle of these pillars . The evacuated tubes are of an equal number on the right and left of the vertical pillar (B) and When a ...

THERMAL REGULATION OF VIBRATION-SENSITIVE OBJECTS WITH CONDUIT CIRCUIT HAVING LIQUID METAL, PUMP, AND HEAT EXCHANGER

A thermally regulated component is an optical element or chuck for holding an optical element, or a stage for same, or combination thereof. The component has first and second heat-transfer zones. The first has a first component surface that receives a heating influence such as incident electromagnetic radiation. The second has a second component surface. A conduit circuit extends in the component serially through the first and second heat-transfer zones, back to the first heat-transfer zone, and contains an electrically conductive liquid (e.g., liquid metal). A vibration-free pump (e.g., MFD pump) coupled to the conduit circuit induces flow of the liquid through the circuit. A heat-exchanger is in thermal contact, but not actual contact, with the second component surface. Thus, heat delivered to the second heat-transfer zone by the liquid flowing in the conduit circuit flows from the second component surface to the heat-exchanger. 1a first heat-transfer zone including a first component surface that receives a heating influence;a second heat-transfer zone including a second component surface;a conduit circuit extending in the component through the first heat-transfer zone, continuing in the component through the second heat-transfer zone, and returning to the first heat-transfer zone, the conduit circuit containing an electrically conductive liquid that includes at least one metal;a substantially vibration-free pump coupled to the conduit circuit and inducing flow of the electrically conductive liquid through the conduit circuit; anda heat-exchanger situated in thermal contact with, but not contacting, the second component surface such that heat, delivered to the second heat-transfer zone by the electrically conductive liquid flowing in the conduit circuit, flows from the second component surface to the heat-exchanger.. A thermally regulated component, comprising: This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/699,767, filed Feb. 3, 2010, which ...

BINARY POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

Provided are a high-temperature-side loop to which thermal fluid from a thermal line is supplied for power generation, a low-temperature-side loop to which the thermal fluid from the high-temperature-side loop is guided for power generation, a thermal-fluid thermometer to detect a temperature of the thermal fluid supplied to the high-temperature-side loop, and a line switcher to switch, on the basis of the detected temperature of the thermal-fluid thermometer, between a mode where the thermal fluid from the thermal line is supplied through the high-temperature-side loop to the low-temperature-side loop and a mode where the supply of the thermal fluid to the high-temperature-side loop is shut off and the thermal fluid is supplied only to the low-temperature-side loop.

MAINTENANCE METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SOLAR RECEIVER

A tower for a concentrated solar power plant includes: an upper external platform on which is arranged an essentially cylindrical solar receiver with an external side surface and an upper base, the side surface of the receiver including a plurality of removably mounted receiving panels; and a placement and maintenance system for the receiving panels. The placement and maintenance system for the receiving panels includes a crane mounted so as to be rotatable 360° and guided using at least two concentric rails, on the upper base of the receiver. 1: A tower for a concentrated solar power plant , comprising:an upper external platform on which is arranged an essentially cylindrical solar receiver with an external side surface and an upper base, the side surface of the receiver comprising a plurality of removably mounted receiving panels; anda placement and maintenance system for the receiving panels,wherein the placement and maintenance system for the receiving panels comprises a crane mounted so as to be rotatable 360° and guided using at least two concentric rails, on the upper base of the receiver.2: The tower for a concentrated solar power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the crane is arranged essentially horizontally and is provided with a telescoping arm with a winch configured to unwind a cable.3: The tower for a concentrated solar power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the crane is installed permanently on the tower.4: The tower for a concentrated solar power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the placement and maintenance system comprises a cradle configured to accommodate at least one maintenance operator claim 1 , secured to a mechanical pantograph scale device configured for giving the cradle:either a standby position on a external platform of the tower;or a position in which the pantograph is not fully deployed for interventions at a heat shield of the receiver;or a position in which the pantograph is deployed for interventions on a receiving panel ...

PHOTOVOLTAIC ASSEMBLY WITH INTEGRATED MOUNTING STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A photovoltaic assembly with integrated mounting structure is disclosed, which comprises a back sheet made of a single sheet and accommodating at least one solar module in a central portion of the back sheet, wherein the back sheet comprises a first lateral portion and a second lateral portion extending along two opposite sides of the central portion and forming a predetermined angle with respect to the central portion, wherein the first and second lateral portions respectively comprise a first base portion and a second base portion adapted to lay on a roof surface. The back sheet is therefore both a supporting sheet for the solar modules and a mounting structure in a single body. 1. A photovoltaic assembly comprising:a back sheet; andat least one sub-module located on the back sheet and covered by a transparent front sheet so that the at least one sub-module is encapsulated between the back sheet and the transparent front sheet;wherein each sub-module comprises a plurality of solar cells arranged in arrays and connected to each other; and a central portion accommodating the at least one sub-module;', 'a first lateral portion extending along a first side of the central portion and forming a predetermined angle with the central portion; and', 'a second lateral portion extending along a second side of the central portion opposite to the first side and forming a predetermined angle with the central portion;, 'wherein the back sheet compriseswherein the first lateral portion comprises a first base portion and the second lateral portion comprises a second base portion for mounting the photovoltaic assembly on a base.2. The photovoltaic assembly of claim 1 , wherein the back sheet is made of at least one of aluminium claim 1 , aluminium alloy claim 1 , coated aluminium alloy claim 1 , coated aluminium claim 1 , coated steel claim 1 , coated steel alloy claim 1 , steel claim 1 , steel alloy claim 1 , polymers claim 1 , composites and combinations thereof.3. The ...

SOLAR RECEIVER FOR RECEIVING SOLAR RAYS AND FOR HEATING A MEDIUM

A solar receiver includes a hollow body, which has a longitudinal axis (), a wall () surrounding the longitudinal axis (), an opening () disposed in the wall () for the entry of heat rays, and an end region opposite the opening (). The wall () includes an outer wall (), an inner wall (), and a partition wall () disposed therebetween. The outer wall () and the partition wall () enclose an outer annular space (). The inner wall () and the partition wall () enclose an inner annular space (). The outer annular space () has, in the end region, an inlet () for a free-flowing medium. The two annular spaces () are conductively connected to one another in the region of the opening (), and the inner annular space () has an outlet () for a free-flowing medium in the end region. 1. A solar receiver for receiving solar rays , which heat a free-flowing medium , the solar receiver comprising:a hollow body comprising a longitudinal axis, a wall enclosing the longitudinal axis, an opening located in the wall for entry of heat rays and an end area located opposite the opening, the wall comprising an outer wall, an inner wall and a partition wall located between the inner wall and the partition wall, the outer wall and the partition wall enclosing an outer annular space, and the inner wall and the partition wall enclosing an inner annular space, the outer annular space having an inlet in the end area for free-flowing medium, the outer annular space and the inner annular space being in conductive connection with one another in the area of the opening, the inner annular space having an outlet for free-flowing medium in the end area, the inner annular space having fluid-carrying and/or turbulence-generating elements, the flow-carrying elements forming at least one helical duct, the turbulence-generating elements comprising projections and/or beads, wherein at least one of the inlet and the outlet is associated with a valve.27-. (canceled)8. A solar receiver in accordance with claim 1 , ...

DISSIPATOR INTEGRATED INTO A COMPACT SOLAR COLLECTOR

The present invention relates to a solar collector () comprising a containment structure () with at least one face exposed to solar radiation, said containment structure () comprising a central housing recess () and an outer edge () that surrounds said central housing recess (), inside said central recess () a primary conduit being arranged for the circulation of a primary heat transfer fluid, exposed to solar radiation, a secondary conduit for the circulation of a secondary fluid, and a heat exchange area between said primary and secondary conduit for the heat exchange between the primary heat transfer fluid and the secondary fluid, said solar collector () being characterized in that in at least one portion of said outer edge () of the containment structure () at least one dissipation conduit () is obtained in fluid communication with said primary conduit to dissipate the excess heat to outside said solar collector (). 1166787731553155. Compact solar collector () comprising a containment structure () with at least a face exposed to the solar radiation , said containment structure () comprising a central housing recess () and an outer frame () that encloses and laterally envelops said central housing recess () , inside said central recess () being arranged a primary storage conduit ( , ) for the storage and the circulation of a primary heat transfer fluid , exposed to the solar radiation , a secondary storage conduit () for the circulation and storage of a secondary fluid , and an heat exchange area between said primary ( , ) and secondary () conduits for the heat exchange between the primary heat transfer fluid and the secondary fluid ,{'b': 1', '2', '7', '2', '3', '3', '15', '5', '5, 'said solar collector () being characterized in comprising a plurality of vacuum sealed collector tubes () arranged within said central housing recess (), wherein each vacuum sealed tube () provides a portion () of said primary conduit (, ) which envelops a respective portion () of ...

Collector element for solar collector, has housing or framework and thermal isolation, where absorber and transparent cover are provided and form prefabricated unit connected in flexibly rotating manner

The collector element (1) has housing or a framework and a thermal isolation. An absorber (2) and a transparent cover (3) are provided and form a prefabricated unit connected in flexibly rotating manner, which is connected with the housing or framework to the solar collector. The absorber and the cover are connected in gas-tight manner and encloses an area (4) sealed against an environment.

Solar roof

Solardach (1) umfassend eine Vielzahl von Solarmodulen (2), die in in horizontaler Richtung verlaufenden, an ihren Unterseiten überlappenden Reihen (4) miteinander zu einer Dachfläche (6) verbindbar sind, wobei jedes Solarmodul (2) in einem Rahmen (8) aufgenommen ist, der zwei seitliche Profilleisten (10a, 10b) umfasst, die über ein erstes Querprofil (12a) sowie ein zweites Querprofil (12b) miteinander verbunden sind und sich auf parallel zu den Querprofilen (12a, 12b) erstreckenden Hauptträgern (18) abstützen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Querprofil (12a) eine erste nutartige Vertiefung (22) mit einer im Querschnitt maulförmigen Öffnung (24) aufweist, die an der Unterseite durch einen ersten Vorsprung (26) und an der Oberseite durch eine sich im Winkel zum ersten Vorsprung (26) erstreckende Ableitfläche (28) begrenzt wird, und dass das zweite Querprofil (12b) eine an ihrer Oberseite durch einen zweiten Vorsprung (32) begrenzte Ausnehmung (30) aufweist, in der der erste Vorsprung (26) des ersten Querprofils (12a) eines angrenzenden Solarmoduls (2) in der Weise formschlüssig aufhehmbar ist, dass sich die Ableitfläche (28) des angrenzenden Solarmoduls (2) auf einer Außenfläche (34) des zweiten Querprofils (12b) abstützt. Solar roof (1) comprising a plurality of solar modules (2) which can be connected to each other to form a roof surface (6) in rows (4) overlapping on their undersides in the horizontal direction, each solar module (2) in a frame (8) is included, which comprises two side profile strips (10a, 10b) which are connected to one another via a first cross profile (12a) and a second cross profile (12b) and which are supported on main beams (18) extending parallel to the cross profiles (12a, 12b) , characterized in that the first transverse profile (12a) has a first groove-like depression (22) with a cross-section-shaped opening (24) which on the underside by a first projection (26) and on the top by an angle at first projection (26) extending ...

Extended-range heat transfer fluid using variable composition

The present invention provides systems and methods for transferring heat using a variable composition organic heat transfer fluid that remains liquid over a wide operating temperature range useful for solar heating applications. Variable composition heat transfer fluids of the present invention comprise a miscible mixture, optionally a completely miscible mixture, of a high boiling point component selected for its beneficial high temperature physical properties, and a low freezing point component selected for its beneficial low temperature physical properties. In some embodiments, the low freezing point component is removed from the heat transfer fluid as the heat transfer fluid is heated, for example by being removed in the vapor phase, thereby selectively varying the composition and physical properties (e.g., vapor pressure, boiling point, etc.) of the heat transfer fluid as a function of temperature.

Solar collector

Solar collector

Solar collector

Radiation collector for solar energy - has support tray extended at sides to provide edge insulation round absorber

The collector is held in a tray with a bottom and sides. There is a layer of insulation in the bottom of the tray and the energy absorber is above this. An air gap above the absorber is closed by a glass sheet cover. The sides of the tray are extended above the absorber and bent in horizontally to form a flange to support the glass cover. The inner edge of this flange is bent down again and then inward horizontally to form a support flange for the absorber. The space left between the two vertical parts of this shape is filled with insulation which forms a thermal barrier round the sides of the absorber and the air gap.

Dehumidifier system

Solar heat collector

A solar heat collector is disclosed having an outer cover plate, an intermediate cover plate and a solar radiation absorber mounted in spaced relation to each other by edge packing. The edge packing (1) removes moisture from the air space between the cover plates and absorber and (2) prevents moisture from entering the air space between the cover plates and the absorber.

Solar panels

1533241 Solar heaters; heat transfer devices C J BENNETT 14 Jan 1976 [20 Jan 1975] 2404/75 Heading F4U Heat is transferred from a solar plate 10 to a heat exchanger, through which a fluid to be heated, e.g. water, passes, by means of a Perkins tube arrangement. As shown, a metal plate 10 is mounted in an evacuated enclosure 11 and has secured thereto tubes 15 which are closed at their lower ends and which, at their upper ends, open into a thermally insulated jacket 41 surrounding a duct 40 for the water to be heated. The tubes 15 contain vaporizable liquid 35, e.g. toluene, methanol or n-butyl alcohol, which boils when heated by solar energy, the resulting vapour condensing on the duct 40 in the jacket 41 and returning to the tubes 15. The enclosure 11 comprises a transparent front 20 and a back having a reflective inside surface, the front and back being separated by spacers 25 passing through holes 27 in the plate 10. In a second embodiment, Fig. 3, to prevent overheating, a further Perkins tube arrangement 51, 52 is provided in thermal contact with the jacket 41 and with a radiator panel 50.

Patent JPH0260951B2

Method of producing solar collector involves a U-profile is notched at pre-set points so the U profile is bent into an enclosed frame, the back wall of a thermal insulating panel, an absorber and a glass plate are layered to form a module

A U-profile is notched at pre-set points so that the U profile is bent into an enclosed frame (24). The back wall (16) of a thermal insulating panel (18), an absorber (20) and a glass plate (22) are layered to form a module. The U-profile is bent on two inner axes of flexure by roughly 90 degrees to form a frame open on the peripheral side. The U-profile is bent on two outer axes of flexure by about 90 degrees so that the U-profile frame encloses the module on four peripheral sides.

Solar collector assembly

Solarkollektoranordnung (10) mit mindestens drei zueinander parallel angeordneten Scheibenelementen, wobei ein erstes Scheibenelement (12) und ein zweites Scheibenelement (14) einen ersten nach außen mediendicht abgedichteten Zwischenraum (18) begrenzen, wobei das zweite Scheibenelement (14) und ein drittes Scheibenelement (16) einen nach außen mediendicht abgedichteten zweiten Zwischenraum (20) begrenzen, wobei in dem ersten Zwischenraum ein Absorber (22) angeordnet ist, welcher mit einem wärmeaufnehmenden Fluid durchströmbar oder durchströmt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für einen Gasdruckausgleich zwischen dem ersten Zwischenraum (18) und dem zweiten Zwischenraum (20) das zweite Scheibenelement (14) genau eine in einem Randbereich (40, 42) des zweiten Scheibenelements (14) angeordnete Aussparung (52) in Form einer Bohrung (54) zur einzigen Verbindung zwischen dem ersten Zwischenraum (18) und dem zweiten Zwischenraum (20) aufweist. Solar collector arrangement (10) with at least three disk elements arranged parallel to one another, wherein a first disk element (12) and a second disk element (14) delimit a first media-sealed intermediate space (18), wherein the second disk element (14) and a third disk element (14) 16) define a second intermediate space (20) which is sealed from the outside in a media-tight manner, wherein an absorber (22) is arranged in the first intermediate space, through which a heat-absorbing fluid can flow or flow, characterized in that for gas pressure equalization between the first intermediate space (18 ) and the second intermediate space (20), the second disc element (14) exactly one in an edge region (40, 42) of the second disc member (14) arranged recess (52) in the form of a bore (54) to the single connection between the first space ( 18) and the second gap (20).

Solar collector has molecular flow in intermediate spaces between front glass panel and absorber sheet and between 2 relatively spaced sheets at rear of heat transfer fluid pipeline behind absorber sheet

The solar collector has an absorber sheet (2) for incident light, covered on its front side with a glass panel (1) and provided at its rear with a pipeline (5) in good thermal contact with it, through which a heat transfer fluid is passed. The glass panel is held at a spacing of between 0.3 and 4 mm from the absorber sheet via transparent spacers (4), with 2 further sheets (9,10) at a similar relative spacing positioned at the rear of the pipeline, with the glass panel and the rear sheet sealed together around their edges.The spaces (3,11) between the absorber sheet and the glass panel and between the rear sheets are at a pressure which ensures a molecular flow characteristic.

Method of manufacturing a solar collector

Photovoltaik-thermie-modul mit luft-wärmeübertrager

Flat collector for solar heating for domestic hot water and / or for heating support

Flachkollektor zur Solarerwärmung für die Warmwasserbereitung und/oder zur Heizungsunterstützung, der mit üblicherweise bekannten Flachkollektoren zum Aufbau einer Solaranlage kombinierbar ist und aus einem Gehäuse besteht, das aus Rahmenprofilen (14), einer Rückwand (13), einer Abdeckung aus Solarglas (4) mit Dichtungsgummi (3) im Wesentlichen aufgebaut ist, wobei im Gehäuse Mäanderrohre (7), ein Absorberblech (6) und eine Dämmung (9) vorhanden sind, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass der Flachkollektor ein Flachkollektor mit Tank (1) ist, in welchem sich die Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit mit wechselndem Füllstand in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrweise einer Solarkollektoranlage befindet und gegenüber des Tanks (12) ein das Gehäuse des Flachkollektors mit Tank (1) abschließendes PV-Modul (2) angeordnet ist, der Raum zwischen einer Dämmung (9) und dem PV-Modul (2) über eine Belüftung (5) belüftet ist und ein Füllstandsgeber (11) zur Überwachung des Flüssigkeitsspiegels mit dem Tank (12) in Wirkverbindung steht sowie weitere periphere Elemente zur Förderung der Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit und zur Steuerung von Heizzyklen sowie der Speicherung... Flat solar collector for solar water heating and / or heating support, which can be combined with commonly known flat panels to build a solar system and consists of a housing consisting of frame profiles (14), a rear wall (13), a cover made of solar glass (4) Sealing rubber (3) is substantially constructed, wherein in the housing meander tubes (7), an absorber plate (6) and an insulation (9) are present, characterized in that the flat collector is a flat plate collector with tank (1), in which the Heat transfer fluid with varying level depending on the mode of operation of a solar collector system is located and opposite the tank (12) a housing of the flat plate collector with tank (1) final PV module (2) is arranged, the space between an insulation (9) and the PV Module (2) via a vent (5) is ventilated and a level sensor (11) for monitoring the ...

Solar air heat collector

A solar air heat collector includes a generally rectangular box-like housing of thermal insulating material and having an open front closed by a transparent plate. A corrugated solar heat absorber panel is supported in predetermined spaced relationship to the housing back wall in a location intermediate the transparent plate and the housing back wall by support rails extending along the housing side walls. A substantially sealed air space is defined between the transparent plate and absorber panel, and an air flow passage is defined between the absorber panel and the housing back wall.

建物壁材用の蓄熱パネル

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Solar panel

The invention provides a method for heating water by solar radiation using a reflux condenser system in which a heat transfer liquid is boiled by solar radiation and the vapor used to heat the water in a heat exchanger. The solar panel itself is highly efficient in operation and comprises a solar plate which incorporates a number of tubes containing the heat transfer liquid, these elements being located within an evacuated enclosure. Vapor from the boiling liquid passes up these tubes into a jacket surrounding a pipe through which the water to be heated is passed; liquid condensing within the jacket passes back to the tubes in the solar plate under gravity. The system incorporating the tubes and the jacket is maintained at a low gas pressure so that boiling of the heat transfer liquid takes place whenever there is a temperature difference between the panel and the heat exchanger.

Solar energy absorber plate having a breather tube

A solar heat collector has a breather tube provided on the absorber plate to provide communication between the ambient air and air in the airspace of the collector through desiccant material. In this manner, the air pressure in the airspace is equalized to the ambient air pressure without moisture moving into the airspace and the desiccant material is regenerated.

Cooling container

Illustrated and described is a cooling container (1) with a cooling space (2) having a thermally insulated bottom, thermally insulated walls and a thermally insulated roof (3), with an absorption refrigeration machine (4) with evaporator (8), expeller (9), condenser (10) and further parts such as connection lines and with a heat pipe solar collector (5) with a plurality of parallel heat pipes (6), the evaporator (8) being arranged in the cooling space (2), and in particular on the roof (3) of the cooling space (2), and the expeller (9) as well as the condenser (10) being arranged outside the cooling space (2) and the expeller (9) being arranged directly on the low-temperature side of the heat pipe solar collector (5). In the illustrated cooling container (1), the aim of indicating such a cooling container (1), which is easy, in particular using commercially available compact aggregates, as well as economical to manufacture and easy to transport, renders excellent cooling capacities day and night, is completely independent of external energy and has minimal requirements for operation, is achieved by there being arranged directly on the roof (3) of the cooling space (2) on the one hand the heat pipe solar collector (5), with the necessary inclination to the horizontal, and on the other hand the expeller (9) and the condenser (10) of the absorption refrigeration machine (4). <IMAGE>

Solar roof mounted at e.g. building, has transverse profile comprising groove-like recess into which projection provided in outer surface of transverse profile of adjacent solar module is inserted

The solar roof has several solar modules (2) that are extended in horizontal direction and are supported by a frame. The frame has two lateral profile strips that are connected with each other via transverse profiles (12a,12b). The transverse profile (12a) has a groove-like recess (22) having a mouth-shaped opening (24) at the bottom and a projection (26) at the top. A projection (32) provided in outer surface (34) of transverse profile (12b) of adjacent solar module is inserted in groove-like recess of transverse profile.

ZERO-FOSSIL-FUEL-USING HEATING AND COOLING APPARATUS FOR RESIDENCES AND BUILDINGS WITH AN ARRAY FOR TRACKING THE SUN

The invention provides an apparatus which can heat water using a Fresnel lens or magnifying glass to focus and concentrate sunlight on water-filled radiator-like tubes which move water, by the water pressure from a water spigot/bib (without pumping), to:

塔碟式太阳能综合利用系统

本发明公开了一种塔碟式太阳能综合利用系统。所述系统包括：塔身；发电系统，所述发电系统安装在塔身的端部，利用太阳能接收装置接收的太阳光发电；太阳能接收装置，所述太阳能接收装置通过支架安装至所述塔身，用于接收太阳光；和安装在塔身上的二维太阳追踪系统，用于驱动所述太阳能接收装置跟踪太阳，使其接收太阳光的能力最大化。所述系统还包括用于在光线不足时使发电系统继续工作的燃气系统和自然光照明系统，从而构成综合利用太阳能的复合式系统。

太陽熱集熱器

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

具有改善的熔融稳定性和降低的腐蚀性的聚醚酰亚胺

在一种实施方式中，组件包括：上光层；光吸收层；以及上光层和光吸收层之间的热响应层。热响应层包括具有玻璃化转变温度的基质聚合物和具有颗粒尺寸的无机填料，其中基质聚合物包括基于基质聚合物的总重量的0.5至10重量百分数的衍生自丙烯腈的重复单元。基质聚合物和无机填料的折射率在25℃下相差小于或等于0.05。

Solar steam generator

太陽電池モジュールの設置構造

(57)【要約】 【課題】 太陽電池モジュールを有効に冷却して、電圧 抵抗を少なくする。 【解決手段】 縦桟５の肩部５ａで太陽電池モジュール ３を支持して、太陽電池モジュール３を屋根面１Ａ上に 通気層１０を設けるようにして設置すると共に、縦桟５ の垂直部５ｂに空気が通流する通気孔１１を穿設して通 気性を良くし、太陽電池モジュール３の下面に熱を放散 する放熱フィン１２を設けて発生する熱を放散させるよ うにした。また、塩ビ鋼板２ｃに突起１３を設けて通気 層１０内を流れる空気に乱流を生じさせて熱を有効に冷 却させるようにした。

Working medium heating device of gas-turbine solar power generation system

本实用新型公开了燃气轮机太阳能发电系统的工质加热装置，包括依次连通的冷空气流道(5)、集热腔(7)和热空气通道(26)，所述热空气通道(26)由前侧的内壳(28)和后侧的补热段(13)连接而成；还包括太阳能不足时加热所述补热段(13)内部的一次加热空气(27)的燃烧器(20)，所述燃烧器(20)设于所述补热段(13)。采用上述结构的工质加热装置，可根据太阳能直接辐射情况，将太阳能与其他气态燃料相结合利用，在太阳能不足时对补热段的一次加热空气进行燃气补燃，由于燃烧器的结构简单、制作成本较低，使得工质加热装置在成本不高的情况下，实现了在太阳能不足时仍维持发电系统对外输出电流的稳定性和可调性。

Indoor air conditioner for stadium

本发明公开了一种室内场馆空气调节装置，包括太阳能供水系统、地下水循环系统、水温控制机构、空气调节机构和送风机构，空气调节机构包括依次相接通的进风设备、过滤水箱和排风设备，送风机构包括进风箱和排风箱，进风箱与进风设备相接通，排风设备与排风箱相接通，水温控制机构用于采集室内场馆温度，若采集的室内场馆温度低于预设的温度阈值时，则控制太阳能供水系统给过滤水箱提供太阳能热水；若采集的室内场馆温度高于预设的温度阈值时，则控制地下水循环系统直接给过滤水箱提供地下水。本发明充分利用天然的太阳能、新风和地下水，节能环保；制作成本低、自动化程度高；运行成本低、维护方便；空气交换和净化效果好。

Power value control module and solar-board apparatus and power value control method of solar-board

본 발명은 태양 전지판 장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 태양 전지판의 온도값이 기설정된 온도값 이하로 형성되는 경우에 태양 전지판의 전력값을 일정값을 이하를 이루게하여 과전력 현상을 방지할 수 있는 전력값 제어 모듈 및 이를 구비한 태양 전지판 장치, 태양 전지판의 전력값 제어 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 전력값 제어모듈은 태양 전지판으로부터 측정되는 온도값을 전송받아 기설정된 기준 온도값과 비교하는 온도 비교 제어기; 및 상기 측정되는 온도값이 상기 기준 온도값을 벗어나는 경우에 상기 태양 전지판의 전력값을 제어하는 메인 제어기를 포함하며; 상기 측정되는 온도값이 상기 기준 온도값 이하이면, 상기 온도 비교 제어기는 직접 에너지 전달(DET, Direct Energy Transfer) 모드로 동작하여, 과전력 현상을 방지할 수 있다. 또한 본 발명은 상기 전력값 제어 모듈을 갖는 태양 전지판 장치 및 태양 전지판의 전력값 제어 방법도 제공함으로써, 태양 전지판의 온도값이 기설정된 온도값 이하로 형성되는 경우에 태양 전지판의 전력값을 일정값 이하를 이루게하여 과전력 현상을 방지할 수 있다.

Robot power supply system

FIELD: electrical engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to power supply systems of a robot, which includes a solar photoelectric installation. Robot power supply system additionally includes: telescopic fastener fixed by its one side on robot body with electric motor, providing its extension and folding, and connected by its one output to data processing and control unit, and by another to robot housing, rigid hemisphere fixed by inner surface on free end of telescopic attachment, on external surface of which there is a set of photoelectric elements so that by its shape repeats shape of attachment surface, acoustic and seismic sensors connected to the data processing and control unit, wherein the space between the robot housing and the solar photovoltaic plant is closed by a cover, and space between said robot housing and rigid hemisphere – cylindrical cover. EFFECT: technical result consists in expansion of functional capabilities of power supply system of robot, including in ensuring its operability in field storms. 1 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 727 967 C1 (51) МПК H02J 7/35 (2006.01) H02J 7/00 (2006.01) F24S 20/20 (2018.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК H02J 7/35 (2020.02); H02J 7/00 (2020.02); F24S 20/20 (2020.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019143578, 24.12.2019 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 28.07.2020 (45) Опубликовано: 28.07.2020 Бюл. № 22 2 7 2 7 9 6 7 R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ КАЗЕННОЕ ВОЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ "ВОЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ" МИНИСТЕРСТВА ОБОРОНЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (RU) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 7800247 B2, 21.09.2010. EP 2415140 B1, 10.07.2019. RU 2479910 C1, 20.04.2013. RU 2663192 C2, 02.08.2018. RU 2286517 C1, 27.10.2006. (54) СИСТЕМА ЭЛЕКТРОСНАБЖЕНИЯ РОБОТА (57) Реферат: Изобретение ...

Minimization of residual heat generation and greenhouse structure that can utilize natural energy

본 발명은 잔열 발생 최소화 및 자연에너지 활용이 가능한 온실구조로서, 보다 상세하게는 온실 내에 사용하지 못하고 버려지는 잔열의 발생을 최소화 시키기 위해 태양광의 입사각과 반사각을 조절을 위해 온실 지붕의 경사도를 조절하고, 태양광 및 지하수 지열 등이 자연에너지를 활용한 잔열 발생 최소화 및 자연에너지 활용이 가능한 온실구조에 관한 것이다. 이를 위하여, 태양광이 투과하는 천정 유리창으로 외벽을 형성한 온실; 상기 온실 내측 상부에 상기 유리창과 간격을 유지하면서 일측 방향으로 상향 경사를 이루도록 설치되는 반사판; 상기 반사판을 따라 상승하면서 가열된 공기가 하강하면서 열교환이 이루어지도록 상향 경사를 이루는 상기 반사판의 상측 출구 단부에서 상기 온실의 바닥을 향하여 수직방향으로 설치된 열교환부; 상기 열교환부(300)와 냉매의 순환라인으로 연결되는 축열조; 상기 열교환부의 하부에 설치되어 상기 열교환부를 통과하여 하강한 공기를 외부로 배출하는 배기팬; 상기 열교환부의 하부에 설치되어 상기 배기팬과 선택적으로 작동되며, 상기 열교환부를 통과하여 하강한 공기를 실내 난방용 덕트로 공급하는 송풍팬; 및 상기 온실의 내부에 설치되며 수생식물이 식재되어 건물의 생활하수를 공급받아 정화처리하는 수처리부;를 포함하여 구성하되, 태양 복사 에너지가 온실 내로 들어온 후 지면에서 난반사 되어 잔열온실 내에 사용하지 못하고 버려지는 잔열의 발생을 최소화 시키기 위해 최적의 태양광 입사각 및 반사각을 조절할 수 있도록 온실의 지붕을 2중 유리창 구조로 형성하는 것을 특징으로 한다. The present invention is a greenhouse structure capable of minimizing residual heat generation and utilizing natural energy. More specifically, in order to minimize the generation of residual heat that is not used and discarded in the greenhouse, the inclination of the greenhouse roof is adjusted to adjust the angle of incidence and reflection of sunlight. It relates to a greenhouse structure that can minimize residual heat generation using natural energy such as sunlight, groundwater, and geothermal heat and utilize natural energy. To this end, a greenhouse in which an outer wall is formed with a ceiling glass window through which sunlight passes; a reflector installed at an upper inner portion of the greenhouse to be inclined upward in one direction while maintaining a distance from the glass window; a heat exchange unit installed in a vertical direction toward the bottom of the greenhouse at an upper outlet end of the reflector that is inclined upward so that heat exchanged while rising along the reflector is lowered; a heat storage tank connected to the heat exchange unit 300 and a refrigerant circulation line; an exhaust fan installed under the heat exchange unit to discharge air descending ...

Lithographic apparatus, device manufacturing method, and use of a radiation collector

A lithographic apparatus, comprising a collector being constructed to receive radiation from a radiation source and transmit radiation to an illumination system, wherein the collector is provided with at least one fluid duct, the apparatus including a temperature conditioner to thermally condition the collector utilizing the fluid duct of the collector, the temperature conditioner being configured to feed a first fluid to the fluid duct during a first period, and to feed a second fluid to the fluid duct during at least a second period.

Lithographic apparatus, device manufacturing method and radiation collector

A collector is disclosed that is constructed to receive radiation from a radiation source and to transmit radiation to an illumination system, the collector comprising a reflective element which is internally provided with a fluid channel.

Sunlight collection system

レシーバー３の外側がハウジング５にて覆われており、レシーバー３が外気に曝されず、風との接触により熱が奪われることがないため、熱効率の向上を図ることができる。レシーバー３は外側がハウジング５で覆われていても、下側に開口４があるため、ヘリオスタット２で反射された太陽光Ｌを開口４からレシーバー３の内部に導入し、レシーバー３の内面で太陽光を確実に受光することができる。 Since the outside of the receiver 3 is covered with the housing 5 and the receiver 3 is not exposed to the outside air and heat is not taken away by contact with the wind, the thermal efficiency can be improved. Even if the receiver 3 is covered with the housing 5 on the outside, since the opening 4 is on the lower side, sunlight L reflected by the heliostat 2 is introduced into the receiver 3 from the opening 4, Sunlight can be reliably received.

Integrated solar energy receiver-storage unit

Receivers for use in solar energy collector systems and solar-powered electrical energy generating plants are provided. The receivers comprise a solar radiation absorbing core that converts absorbed solar radiation to thermal energy. The core comprises a refractory material to allow the receivers to operate continuously at high temperatures reached by absorbing concentrated solar radiation. The thermal energy so generated in the core may be stored in the receiver for a transitory period, or for a more extended period. Receivers may comprise one or more fluid channels in and/or around the core for conveying a working fluid to facilitate extraction of stored thermal energy from the core.

Radiant energy heat exchanger system

A radiant energy heat exchanger comprising a panel structure including a base having a multiplicity of transversely spaced barrier walls extending longitudinally between the end portions of the panel structure, an inner sheet form wall section sealingly connected with each pair of adjacent barrier walls providing a plurality of inner fluid containing channel spaces extending longitudinally between the end portions of the panel structure, a concavo-convex outer sheet form wall section sealingly connected with each pair of adjacent barrier walls, and an intermediate sheet form wall section between the associated inner and outer wall sections defining a multiplicity of outer and intermediate fluid containing spaces in outwardly disposed relation with respect to the multiplicity of inner fluid containing channel spaces.

Device for collecting solar energy

Solar seasonal heat storage and supply system

本发明涉及一种太阳能跨季节储热供热系统。所述系统包括：太阳能集热器、中间循环水箱、热泵机组、地埋井群、末端散热装置、集热循环泵、储热循环泵、地源循环泵、末端循环泵、第一储热控制阀、第二储热控制阀、第一集热控制阀、第二集热控制阀、第一末端控制阀、第二末端控制阀、第三末端控制阀、第一地源控制阀、第二地源控制阀、第一控制阀以及第二控制阀；进而形成太阳能直接储热循环、构成太阳能集热循环、末端供热循环、地源取热循环以及供热季储热循环。本发明提高了太阳能储热效率和太阳能资源利用率，减少了由于环境温度低导致的防冻和散热损失问题。

Separated heat pipe device used for high-temperature control of solar water heater

本发明公开了一种用于太阳能热水器高温控制的分离式热管装置，本发明的这种用于太阳能热水器高温控制的分离式热管装置包括蒸发管、冷凝管和回流管，其中，冷凝管位于太阳能热水器水箱的外部，蒸发管的其中一段位于太阳能热水器水箱内，冷凝管的位置高于蒸发管，回流管将蒸发管和冷凝管连通，蒸发管、冷凝管和回流管内灌装热交换介质，冷凝管的外壁设置若干散热片。本发明在不需用户额外增加操作的前提下，当水箱顶部温度达到一定温度就开始工作，将热量带到周围环境中，从而达到对热水器相关设备进行热保护和压力保护的目的。