СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ УГЛА НАКЛОНА

Изобретение может быть использовано в системах визуального и электронного дистанционного определения пространственного положения объектов относительно горизонта уровнями пузырькового типа. Сущность способа состоит в том, что одновременно с визуальным измерением смещения свободно плавающего по вогнутой поверхности мениска газового пузырька в жидкости измеряются фототоки от светового пятна пузырька и поляризационные токи от его пространственного положения в полости, а затем сравниваются между собой. Для этого в устройство введены пленочные фоторезисторы, выполненные в виде четырех конгруэнтных круговых квадрантов, и оптически прозрачные пленочные электроды, выполненные в виде четырех конгруэнтных сферических треугольников так, что их проекции на основание совпадают с круговыми квадрантами пленочных фоторезисторов и образуют обкладки четырех конденсаторов. При этом два противолежащих пленочных электрода и два противолежащих пленочных фоторезистора, биссектрисы центральных углов которых коллинеарны ...

ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬ УРОВНЯ КАЧКИ ПОДВОДНОГО ИЛИ НАДВОДНОГООБЪЕКТА В МОРЕ

Измеритель уровня качки подводного или надводного объекта в море содержит фотоэлектрический преобразователь углов наклона объекта, включающий в себя когерентный источник света и фотоприемник, а также усилитель и регистратор. Также в него дополнительно введены датчик периода качки, счетчик числа периодов качки, синхронизирующее устройство и импульсный счетчик, а в фотоэлектрический преобразователь углов наклона объекта дополнительно введены две волоконные катушки, оптически согласованные с источником света и фотоприемником в интерферометр, при этом первая катушка расположена внутри подводного или надводного объекта, а вторая закреплена на подводной части объекта снаружи его обшивки. Технический результат - повышение чувствительности и точности измерения уровня качки подводного или надводного объекта. 3 з.п.ф-лы, 3 ил.

СПОСОБ ОРИЕНТАЦИИ ОТКЛОНИТЕЛЯ В ВЕРТИКАЛЬНЫХ ОБСАЖЕННЫХ СКВАЖИНАХ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к направленному бурению и предназначено для ориентирования отклонителей в вертикальных скважинах в магнитных трубах, а также в наклонных скважинах с применением диамагнитных труб. Техническим результатом изобретения является повышение качества, надежности и точности ориентации с одновременным снижением непроизводительных трудозатрат за счет использования современных информационных технологий. Для этого за направлением действия отклонителя осуществляют визуальный контроль при его спуске в скважину. Ориентацию отклонителя осуществляют по визуальному отображению на экране компьютера разности положений буссоли, наложенных на горизонтальный лимб, которые она занимает на поверхности - в плоскости магнитного меридиана, и на забое - в плоскости искусственного магнитного поля, ориентированного относительно плоскости отклонителя. Устройство для осуществления способа содержит герметичный контейнер с инклинометром, в цилиндрическом корпусе которого с верхней прозрачной частью, ...

Устройство для измерения угловых наклонов

Устройство для измерения угловых наклонов, содержащее корпус, в котором последовательно установлены оптически связанные источник света, объектив, чувствительный элемент, приемник излучения, установленный в фокальной плоскости объектива, электронный блок обработки сигнала, индикатор, отличающееся тем, что, с целью повышения точности измерений путем удвоения углового рассогласования, чувствительный элемент выполнен в виде призмы полного внутреннего отражения в механическом подвесе с демпфирующим устройством и установлен после объектива так, что при горизонтальном положении корпуса устройства гипотенузная грань призмы полного внутреннего отражения параллельна световому пучку, формируемому объективом, и делит световой пучок на две равные части, а также дополнительно введены светоделитель, установленный под углом 45° к оптической оси объектива, зеркальный диэдр, установленный за чувствительным элементом так, что его грань параллельна гипотенузной грани призмы полного внутреннего отражения, а ...

Устройство для определения направления малых отклонений от вертикали

Полезная модель относится к устройствам для определения направления отклонения элементов объектов от вертикали. Технический результат заключается в увеличении чувствительности устройства при малых углах отклонений. Устройство для определения направления малых отклонений различных объектов от вертикали состоит из полупроводящей цилиндрической трубы, толщиной в диапазоне от десятых долей до нескольких миллиметров, с диэлектрической крышкой и диэлектрическим дном, герметично закрепленным на трубе, при этом диэлектрическое дно соединено с горизонтальной плоскостью кронштейна таким образом, чтобы внешняя плоскость дна была перпендикулярна вертикальной плоскости кронштейна, предназначенной для примыкания к вертикальной плоскости объекта, также внешняя плоскость дна перпендикулярна оси цилиндрической трубы, внутри которой помещен груз цилиндрической формы из электропроводящего материала, подвешенный соосно цилиндрической трубе на закрепленной в крышке гибкой электропроводящей нити так, чтобы груз ...

НИВЕЛИР

Полезная модель относится к строительству и может быть использована при выполнении работ по выравниванию вертикальных и горизонтальных поверхностей перед их оштукатуриванием, укладкой полов и т.п. Задача, решаемая полезной моделью - расширение функциональных возможностей нивелира за счет возможности его использования как для проверки уровня вертикальности и перпендикулярности поверхностей, так и для проверки уровня горизонтальности поверхностей. Кроме того, заявляемый нивелир позволяет его использовать при производстве работ по выравниванию вертикальных и горизонтальных поверхностей, углов. Поставленная задача решается тем, что в нивелире, содержащем лазерный источник. установленный в корпусе, согласно полезной модели лазерный источник выполнен в виде лазерного построителя вертикальных и горизонтальных световых плоскостей, нивелир содержит основание, выполненное в форме кольца, консоль, установленную на основании с возможностью поворота вокруг оси вращения, совпадающей с центральной осью ...

УРОВЕНЬ

... 1. Уровень, включающий жесткий полый корпус с рабочим основанием, чувствительный элемент в виде ампулы с заданным классом точности, заполненной жидкостью с пузырьком газа, и приспособление для установки ее параллельно относительно рабочего основания под смотровым окном, отличающийся тем, что он дополнительно снабжен лазерным излучателем и приспособлением для установки луча в положение, при котором он становится точной проекцией уровня, параллелен рабочему основанию и сориентирован в направлении выходного отверстия, которое дополнительно выполнено в торцевой части корпуса, и приспособлением для подключения питания.2. Уровень по п.1, отличающийся тем, что внутренняя поверхность жесткого корпуса исполнена с возможностью отражения, а лазерный излучатель установлен относительно отверстия для выхода луча на расстоянии, достаточном для обеспечения рабочей подсветки ампулы уровня.3. Уровень по п.1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве лазерного излучателя использован полупроводниковый лазерный диод ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ НАВЕДЕНИЯ СПУТНИКОВОЙ АНТЕННЫ ПО УГЛУ МЕСТА (ВАРИАНТЫ)

Группа полезных моделей относится к оборудованию для настройки спутниковых антенн и может быть использована для наведения спутниковой антенны по углу места.Устройство включает корпус с элементом его крепления на антенне, а также установленную на корпусе угловую градусную шкалу, предназначенную для отсчета угла поворота антенны при ее наведении по углу места. Угловая градусная шкала установлена на корпусе с возможностью поворота относительно него и фиксации в заданном угловом положении, причем устройство оснащено пузырьковым уровнем, установленным на шкале.Во втором варианте устройства угловая градусная шкала выполнена непосредственно на корпусе, имеющем возможность установки на антенне посредством элемента крепления, выполненного в виде петли из эластичного материала, с возможностью поворота относительно нее и фиксации в заданном угловом положении относительно антенны, причем устройство оснащено пузырьковым уровнем, установленным на корпусе.В третьем варианте устройства корпус выполнен ...

ДАТЧИК УГЛА ОТКЛОНЕНИЯ ОТ ВЕРТИКАЛИ

Использование: для определения углов отклонения от вертикали различных объектов. Датчик содержит корпус 1 с цилиндрической камерой, заполненной в равных частях, двумя несмешивающимися жидкостями 2 и 3 с различной плотностью. Под углом 45o к плоскости основания корпуса располагается излучатель 5 и приемник 6 ультразвука. Излучатель 5 соединен с выходом генератора 7, а приемник 6 подключен к последовательно соединенным модулю предварительной обработки сигнала 8 и амплитудному детектору 9. Граница раздела жидкостей 4 используется в качестве отражателя ультразвука. 1 ил.

ЭЛЕКТРОННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике, может быть использовано для контроля горизонтальности поверхности изделия. Сущность: в электронный уровень вводятся линейка многоэлементного фотоприемника, отвес в составе излучателя, закрепленного металлическим полым внутри стержнем к роликовой опоре, генератор тактовых импульсов и два выходных регистра. При этом блок обработки сигналов выполняется в составе двух каналов, каждый из блока импульсных усилителей и шифратора. Техническими результатами являются автоматизация процесса измерения горизонтальности поверхности, выдача результатов измерения в процессе измерения и использование устройства в полевых условиях. 1 ил.

ОПТОЭЛЕКТРОННЫЙ КРЕНОМЕТР

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике и приборостроению и может быть использовано для индикации и измерения уклонов и кренов подводных и надводных судов во время морской навигации. Оптоэлектронный кренометр содержит цилиндрический сосуд с рабочей жидкостью, расположенные вне жидкости попарно оптически согласованные два источника света, два фотоприемника, два усилителя фототока, подключенных к выходам фотоприемников, регистратор, микропроцессор, четыре световода. Микропроцессор соединен входами с выходами усилителей, а выходом - с регистратором. Световоды свернуты в виде волоконных катушек и оптически связаны с источником света и фотоприемником в два интерферометра. Источник света выполнен когерентным. Волоконные катушки расположены попарно диаметрально противоположно на дне цилиндрического сосуда с рабочей жидкостью. Регистратор выполнен в виде частотомера. Технический результат состоит в устранении влияния амплитудных факторов на результаты измерений крена. 4 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ УГЛА НАКЛОНА

Устройство для измерения угла наклона, содержащее маятник, с осью вращения которого связан фазовращатель, опорный генератор, выход которого связан с входом первого умножителя частоты, выход первого умножителя частоты через фазокомпенсатор соединен с входом фазового детектора, выход фазовращателя через второй умножитель частоты связан с вторым входом фазового детектора, детектора, выход которого связан с регистратором, отличающееся тем, что, с целью повышения точности измерений при долговременном контроле угла наклона возмущенного взрывом грунта или сооружения за счет устранения помехи, обусловленной уходом фазы тракта преобразования, в него введены реле времени и дополнительный компенсационный фазовращатель, вход которого через контакты реле времени соединен с вторым выходом опорного генератора, а выход - с входом второго умножителя частоты и с выходом фазовращателя.

УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЙ ДАТЧИК УГЛА ОТКЛОНЕНИЯ ОТ ВЕРТИКАЛИ С ЧАСТОТНЫМ ВЫХОДОМ

Датчик угла отклонения от вертикали, содержащий корпус с цилиндрической камерой, заполненной двумя несмешивающимися жидкостями с различной плотностью, ультразвуковой излучатель и ультразвуковой приемник, установленные в корпусе под одинаковыми углами к его основанию и сопряженные друг с другом посредством границы раздела жидкостей, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно снабжен усилителем и соединенным с его выходом частотомером, причем ультразвуковой излучатель подключен к выходу введенного усилителя, а ультразвуковой приемник - соответственно к входу введенного усилителя.

Датчик угла отклонения объекта от горизонтального положения

Датчик угла отклонения объекта от горизонтального положения, содержащий первый общий и два выходных электрода, помещенные в жидкость, отличающийся тем, что он снабжен вторым общим электродом, соединенным с первым общим электродом металлической втулкой и которые образуют герметичный корпус, внутри которого посредством изоляционной прокладки закреплены два выходных электрода, расположенные в одной плоскости и образующие с первым и вторым общими электродами дифференциальный конденсатор, причем все электроды выполнены в виде плоских пластин, а половина объема внутренней полости датчика между общими и выходными электродами заполнена жидким диэлектриком.

Устройство для измерения угловНАКлОНА

Электронный уровень

Датчик угловых отклонений объектов

Наклономерная станция

Датчик угловых отклонений объектов

Электрический уровень

Изобретение может быть использовано в устройствах контроля горизонтальности стационарных объектов и прецезионного измерения малых углов. Цель изобретения - повышение чувствительности устройства за счет уменьшения влияния сил поверхностного натяжения жидкости. Дифференциальные электроды 4 с общим электродом 5 между ними образуют дифференциальный конденсатор, емкость которого изменяется при наклоне уровня на некоторый угол, приводящем к смещению чувствительного элемента в виде шара 3 из диэлектрического материала. Силовое уравновешивание шара 3 производится напряжением с усилителя 10 мощности, подаваемым на преобразователи 11, 12 в высокое напряжение и с их выходов на дифференциальные электроды 4. Общий электрод 5 выполнен с продольной щелью, ширина которой не более чем в два раза превьшхает диаметр чувствительного элемента. 1 ил. 0 (Л :о :D 9) ...

Шаровой уровень

Электронный уровень

OBJECT ANGLE-OF-INCLINATION MEASURING DEVICE

ADAPTIVE DEVICE FOR MEASURING INCLINATION ANGLE

GRADIENT SENSOR FOR EARTH-MOVING MACHINE

Двухкоординатный резистивный преобразователь угла наклона

Устройство для измерения углов наклона

Изобретете относится к конт- )ольно-измерительной технике и позволяет повысить надежность за счет улучшения сохранности позиционно-чувстви- тельньк поверхностей. Сосуд 1 и по- плавок 3 выполнены в виде полых сфер, причем оболочка поплавка выполнена светонепроницаемой с экваториальной прозрачной кольцевой полосой. В центре поплавка размещен источник света 4, часть светового потока которого в виде световой полосы создает на ограниченном световой полосой участке активной поверхности фотопотенциометра 2 избыточщ ю проводимость , дающую информацию о положении светового зонда на фотослое. Поплавок удерживается в требуемом положении сферическим якорем 5, О наклоне исследуемой плоскости судят по пока- загатям измерительного блока 6. 1 ил. со (Л с со ОО « 00 ...

Устройство для измерения угла наклона объекта

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике и может быть использовано для измерения углов наклона объектов, стабилизации объектов в горизонтальной плоскости , а также в системах автоматического регулирования . Сущность изобретения: устройство для измерения угла наклона объекта содержит ампулу 3, частично заполненную магнитной жидкостью 4, генератор, соединенный с первичной обмоткой 5, соединенные встречно-последовательно вторичные обмотки 7, подключенные к регистратору. Новым в устройстве является введение дополнительных обмоток 6. соединенных согласно-последовательно, выходы которых через компаратор подключены к управляющему входу регулятора напряжения , включенного между генератором и первичной обмоткой. 2 ил.

Электронный уровень

Устройство для измерения углов бортовой и килевой качки судна

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике, в частности к средствам измерения бортовой и килевой качки судна. Целью изобретения является повышение точности измерений. Устройство содержит гиросферу 1 с катушкой центрирования 21, следящую сферу 2, резервуар 4, кардановый подвес с наружным 8 и внутренним 6 кольцами , датчик угла отклонения наружного кольца 8 от нактоуза 10, датчик угла отклонения внутреннего кольца 6 от наружного 8, первый 11 и второй 12 датчики, закрепленные на резервуаре 4, и блок обработки информации . 1 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.g ...

Устройство для измерения угла наклона

Изобретение относится к устройствам для измерения угла наклона транспортного средства. С целью уменьшения влияния вибрации заключенный в нижней части корпуса 1 нагреватель 2 создает восходящий поток, направление которого совпадает с вертикалью. Закрепленные в верхней части корпуса датчики температуры 3 соединены в мостовую или полумостовую схему. При отсутствии угла наклона датчики температуры обогреваются одинаков о и сигнал на выходе измерительной схемы отсутствует. При наклоне транспортг ного средства один из датчиков нагревается больше другого, в результате чего с выхода измерительной схемы поступает сигнал, пропорциональный определяемому углу наклона. 1 ил.

Фотоэлектрическое устройство для измерения углов наклона

Двухкоординатный преобразователь угла наклона

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике и может быть использовано для измерения углов наклона объекта одновременно по двум направлениям. Цель изобретения - повышение точности. Подвижный электрод 4 закреплен на нижнем конце маятника 2. а неподвижный электрод 5 изолировано закреплен на корпусе 1. Электроды выполнены Г-образными и расположены симметрично относительно вертикальной оси. Концы электродов перекрещиваются так. что их проекция на горизонтальную пло-. скость образует прямоугольник. Выполнение одного из электродов резистивным и подключение его концов через переключатель к источнику питания переменного напряжения, а также выполнение поверхностей электродов сферическими с центром в точке подвеса маятника и расположение их с зазором друг от друга позволяет повысить точность за счет исключения механического контакта между электродами. 3 ил.

Квадрант

КВАДРАНТ, содержащий башмак , жестко связанный с ним корпус и грризонтирующий блок, отличающийся тем, что, с цел автоматизации дистанционного измерения углов наклона объекта, гориз . тирующий блок выполнен в виде двух электролитических уровней, двух мостовых измерительных схем, генератора импульсов, реверсивного .сче ;чика, реверсивного шагового двигателя , редуктора и цифрового индикатора , при этом выход первого электролитического уровня через первую мостовую измерительную схему связан с первым входом цифрового индикатора, выход которого связан с входом цифропечатающего устройства, выход второго электролитического уровня связаг с входом второй мостовой измерительной схемы, первый выход последней через генератор импульсов связан с первым входом реверсивного счетчика и входом реверсивного шагового двигателя, ротор которого жестко связан через редуктор с вторым электролитическим уровнем, а второй выход связан с вторым входом цифрового индикатора и вторым входом реверсивного счетчика, выход ...

Устройство для измерения угла наклона объекта

Изобретение относится к области геодезического приборостроения, в частности к устройствам для измерения углов наклона объекта относительно горизонта. Целью изобретения является упрощение конструкции. Устройство содержит первый 4 и второй 5 боковые электроды, жестко закрепленные в корпусе 3, средний электрод 1 с подвеской 2, последовательно включенные автогенератор 6, соединенный с общей шиной, и индикатор 12, подключенный к блоку 11 управления, связанному с боковыми электродами 4 и 5 через блок электронных ключей. Причем средний электрод 1 изолирован от корпуса 3 и подключен к входу автогенератора 6, блок электронных ключей выполнен в виде четырех диодов 7-10, первый из которых включен между общей шиной и первым боковым электродом 4, второй - между первым боковым электродом 4 и блоком 11 управления, третий - между вторым боковым электродом 5 и общей шиной, четвертый - между блоком 11 управления и вторым боковым электродом 5. 2 ил.

Устройство для пространственного определения угла наклона объекта

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике и служит для определения угла наклона относительно горизонтальной плоскости. С целью повышения точности и расширения диапазона определяемых углов подвес маятника 5 выполнен в виде трех нитей 2 - 4 равной длины, что позволяет сохранять параллельность между плоскостями пластины маятника 5 и катушки индуктивности 10. Радиус R пластины маятника 5 выбирается исходя из длины L нитей подвеса 2 - 4 и радиуса R катушки 10 так, чтобы при максимальном угле наклона поверхность пластины 5 не выходила из электромагнитного поля катушки индуктивности 10. 2 ил.

Датчик углового наклона объектов

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике. Цель изобретения - повышение точности измерений за счет исключения нестабильности пара - метров электронных ключей. Для этого блок управления (БУ) 12 поочередно замыкает один из ключей, размыкает другой и включает частотомер (Ч) 13 на прямой и обратный счет. В первый период измерения БУ 12 замыкает ключ 11 и включает на прямой счет Ч 13, который фиксирует частоту, определяемую емкостью. При замыкании ключа 10 на неподвижный электрод (ИЗ) 8 подается сигнал, синфазньй сигналу на электроде 5 и равный ему по амплитуде, что достигается применением неинвертирующего усилителя 9 с коэффициентом усиления, равным коэффициенту ослабления сигнала автогенератора 6 (отношение сигнала на электродах 4 и 5 к сигналу на вы- ходе автогенератора). При наклоне датчика маятник 1 отклоняется, приближаясь к одному и удаляясь от другого неподвижного электрода, В результате емкость между электродом 7и маятником 1 и емкость между ИЗ 8и маятником 1 изменяются в разные ...

Устройство для определения пространственного угла наклона объекта

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО УГЛА НАКЛОНА . ОБЪЕКТА ПО авт.св. 666421, о т л ичающееся тем, что, с целью увеличения линейности выходной характеристики и чувствительности, оно снабжено ферритовым кольцом, соединенным с кольцом, из меди, служащим грузом маятника, и равным ему по внешнему диаметру, причем кольцо из меди обращено к торцу катушки индуктивност й измерительного автогенератора . хХ/уУ ХХХ/ (Л с а: 00 ...

Датчик угла наклона

Устройство для автоматического нивелирования и записи профиля, например, рельсовых путей

УРОВЕНЬ

VERFAHREN ZUM STEUERN DES SENKRECHTHALTENS EINES IN EINER GESCHLOSSENEN HUELLE ENTHALTENEN ELEMENTES UND ANORDNUNG ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DIESES VERFAHRENS

SENSOR

The proposed sensor includes a spirit level (11) attached to the object (10). The spirit level (11) comprises a housing (12), a liquid (16) inside the housing (12) and a gas pocket (17) also in the housing (12). The liquid (16) and the gas pocket (17) fill the space (15) inside the housing (12) completely and in such a way that the gas pocket (17) is not completely surrounded by the liquid (16), but rests against the inside wall of the housing with the gas/liquid interface making contact with the inside wall of the housing (12). When the acceleration and angle of tilt of the spirit level (11) are zero, or cancel each other out, the gas pocket (17) is disposed in the housing (12) in its zero position. Mounted on the inside wall of the housing (12) in the zone covered by the gas pocket (17) in its zero position is an electrically heated temperature-sensitive electrical circuit (RS) which forms part of a processing unit which generates an output signal that is dependent on the acceleration ...

ELEKTRONISCHES NIVELLIERUNGSGERAET

EINRICHTUNG ZUR NEIGUNGSMESSUNG.

Magnetischer Neigungssensor

Elektronisches Neigungsmesssystem.

BESCHLEUNIGUNGSMESSAUFNEHMER.

Anzeigesystem einer Arbeitsmaschine und Arbeitsmaschine

Um ein Anzeigesystem einer Arbeitsmaschine, die eine auf einem Monitor angezeigte Wasserwaage anzeigt, mit der ein Bediener der Arbeitsmaschine eine Neigung oder eine Richtung der Arbeitsmaschine, wenn nötig, mit einer hohen Genauigkeit erkennen kann, und eine Arbeitsmaschine bereitzustellen, umfasst die vorliegende Erfindung eine IMU 24, eine Berechnungseinheit 31, eine Anzeigeverarbeitungseinheit 32 und eine Einstellungsverarbeitungseinheit 33. Die IMU 24 ist ein Neigungssensor, der einen Nickwinkel und einen Wankwinkel eines Baggers 100 erfasst. Die Berechnungseinheit 31 berechnet anhand von Polarkoordinaten eine Neigungsposition, die eine Größenordnung und eine Richtung der Neigung des Baggers 100 basierend auf dem durch die IMU 24 erfassten Nickwinkel und dem Wankwinkel angibt. Die Anzeigeverarbeitungseinheit 32 zeigt in einem vorbestimmten Bereich, auf einem Bildschirm einer Anzeigeeinheit 29, die an dem Bagger 100 befestigt ist, eine auf einem Monitor angezeigte Wasserwaage 40 an ...

ELEKTRONISCHES NEIGUNGSMESSGERAET.

Inclination angle measuring method has precision inclination sensor incorporated in rotor provided with angle sensor

The measuring method uses a precision inclination sensor (5) secured at right angles to a common rotation axis (1) for the inclination and an angle sensor (3,4), so that its center of gravity is in line with the rotation axis. A setting drive is used for positioning the inclination sensor in the horizontal plane, with calculation of the inclination angle from the angular variation relative to a reference mark.

Angle measuring device

An angle measuring device is proposed which consists essentially of a sensor device and an evaluation circuit which is assigned to it and has a microcontroller. In order to achieve an extremely low outlay on relatively simple components even when guaranteeing a relatively high resolution and accuracy, in this angle measuring device the evaluation circuit is provided with a switching stage which on the one hand undertakes to supply power to the sensor device, and on the other hand, supplies the measurement signal, initiated by the sensor device, to the downstream microcontroller in the form of a pulse frequency.

Einrichtung zum Aufnehmen,Anzeigen und/oder Korrigieren einer Neigung,insbesondere der Querneigung von Gleisen

Spur- und UEberhoehungsmesser

Nivelliersystem für Bahntechnik

Nivelliersystem für die Bahntechnik, wobei mehrere Messpunkte mittels einer elektronischen Schlauchwaage miteinander verbunden sind, derart, dass Höhenunterschiede zwischen den Messpunkten mittels der Sensoren der elektronischen Schlauchwaage erfassbar sind, und wobei eine Auswerteelektronik vorgesehen ist, welche die Sensordaten erfasst und verarbeitet. und wobei jedem Messpunkt ein höhenverstellbarer Aktuator zugeordnet ist, und eine elektronische Steuerung vorgesehen ist, welche die Aktuatoren bedarfsweise derart ansteuert, dass diese den jeweiligen Messpunkt nach oben oder nach unten bewegen, bis alle Messpunkte in derselben horizontalen Ebene liegen.

Passiver elektromechanischer Neigungsschalter mit einstellbarer Dämpfung

Es wird nach Anspruch 1 die Verwendung von mindestens zwei Reed-Kontakten als elektrische Schalter vorgeschlagen, die sich innerhalb einer ringartig geformten Röhre befinden, die in der horizontalen Nullstellung bis zur Höhe der Reed-Kontakte mit einer magnetischen Flüssigkeit gefüllt ist.

Method for detecting an orientation of a device and device having an orientation detector

Attitude sensing device

DEVICE

ELECTRONIC SPIRIT LEVEL

INCLINOMETERS

In an inclinometer which comprises a capsule (3) with a conductive liquid, an electrical signal is applied between two connected together electrodes (C, D) and one, and then the other, of two further electrodes (A, B) to derive a signal indicative of the degree of immersion of the electrode A, and then the electrode B within the liquid. The ratio of these signals indicates the inclination of the capsule and relative to the gap between electrodes A, B. By reconfiguring the electrodes A-D, to measure the degree of immersion of electrodes C and D, the sensor is able to sense any angle of inclination about the reference axis. The capsule (i) compensates for thermal effects by expanding to keep the level of liquid constant. ...

An electrical inclination sensor and a monitoring circuit for the sensor

The sensor comprises a body defining a closed chamber which is partially filled with electrically conductive liquid. A main electrode and first and second auxiliary electrodes extend within the chamber in such a way that a variation in the inclination of the body from a predetermined position causes a corresponding variation in the electrical resistance between each auxiliary electrode and the main electrode. The monitoring circuit for the sensor comprises a generator which applies square-wave signals to the auxiliary electrodes in counterphase, and a detector/amplifier which is synchronized with the generator and samples the signal taken from the main electrode in the sensor.

INCLINOMETER

ELECTRONIC LEVEL INDICATOR

MICRO DEGREE

Tilt angle sensor

PURPOSE: To make driving easy by displaying the actual tilting angle of a mast to an installation even in the case the installation is place in the tilting ground. CONSTITUTION: This device comprises an angle detecting sensor 10 which is installed in a mast of an upper load-loaded installation and detects the absolute tilting angle by a rotation weight as an electric signal, a control part 20 which converts the angle detected signal of the angle detecting sensor 10 into an angle and at the same time determines whether it is forward tilting or backward tilting and controls the display based on the absolute tilting angle of the mast to the horizontal ground, and a display part 30 which displays the tilting angle based on the display data of the control part 20. Consequently, the actual tilting angle of the mask can be displayed and that contributes to safety drive.

Capacitive balance leveling device

"Caparitive clinometer"

A transducer is described which has primary application in a clinometer, detail of which is also contained in the application. The transducer comprises a hollow cylindrical housing of glass or plastics material (10) having a single electrode (12) mounted on one end face and three equal equally spaced electrodes (14,16 and 18) on the opposite end face. The three separate capacitors having a common plate (12) control the frequency of oscillation of three oscillator circuits (30,32 and 34) the outputs of which are compared by comparators (38,46 and 48) and decoded by decoding circuit (40). A computing device (42) provides an output signal for an indicator (44). An audible indication of inclination for use in combination with the device is described.

Lifting position monitor and tilt sensor

Measuring instrument

An instrument is described for measuring inclination or acceleration. The instrument comprises a mass (38) suspended by three (for inclination) or four (for acceleration) stretched conductive strings (32, 34, 36) within a frame (10). The strings form the frequency determining elements in the outputs of negative resistance amplifiers (50, 52, 54 etc.,) and differential amplifiers (56, 58, 60) together with decoding circuits (62) provide output signals for a computing device (64) which provides data to indicate (66) the means (68) is provided. Where four strings are employed a further display device may be provided to indicate the magnitude of the accelerating force, the first display device (66) indicating the direction in which the accelerating force is acting. ...

Capacitive balance leveling device

Noise robust algorithm for measuring gravitational tool-face

A method may comprise penetrating a subterranean formation with a bottom hole assembly, determining a revolutions-per-minute (RPM) measurement based on a zero crossing of sinusoidal magnetometer data, determining a gyroscope bias from gyroscope data using the determined RPM measurement, determining bias compensated gyroscope data by subtracting the determined gyroscope bias from the gyroscope data, determining an angular displacement measurement using the bias compensated gyroscope data, determining a selected tool-face measurement, computing a weighted sum of the selected tool-face measurement with the determined bias compensated gyroscope data, and determining a gravitational tool-face measurement from the computed weighted sum. A system may comprise a drilling rig, a pipe string attached to the drilling rig, a bottom hole assembly attached to the pipe string, wherein the bottom hole assembly comprises at least one sensor, a drill bit, and a computing subsystem connected to the at least ...

The use of a spirit level bubble for control of apparatus and/or mechanism

... 336,609. Watts & Son, Ltd., E. R., and Weston, S. July 13, 1929. Levels.-The movement of a spirit-level bubble or the image thereof is caused to affect light-sensitive apparatus. In Fig. 1 light from a source 1 is condensed by a lens 11 and passes through the bubble 3 on to a light-sensitive cell 5. In another form the cell is arranged to receive light reflected by the bubble. In Fig. 2 light passes through the bubble 3 and through an optical system 4 so that a bubble image 30 is projected on to a pair of light-sensitive cells 5 6. The cells may be included in an amplifying circuit including a relay operated by differential illumination of the cells, the relay being arranged to control the opening or closing of circuits operating any desired apparatus, such for instance as means for firing a gun when a particular inclination is reached.

A DEVICE

ELECTRONIC TILT MEASURING SYSTEM

Angle indicating device

ELECTRONIC LEVEL

ATTITUDE SENSORS

Improvements in pendulum controlled instruments such as gradient, acceleration and like meters

... 450,660. Accelerometers. TAPLEY, W., Washington House, Redbridge, Hampshire. March 5, 1936, No. 6619. [Class 106 (iii)] [See also Group XX] A non-magnetic mass K is attached to the magnetized pendulum A of an instrument such as an accelerometer or gradient meter of the type described in Specification 21517/10, [Class 97 (ii)], for the purpose of causing the magnet poles B of the pendulum to take up under the action of gravity a position remote from external magnetic substances, e.g. the iron support J. The pendulum is enclosed in a liquid filled damping box B and an armature E geared to an indicating drum F or a pointer is caused to follow the pendulum by the magnet poles B.

Improved apparatus for determining the angular position of an object

... 200,012. Schoute, C. Oct. 21, 1922. addition to 161,555. Rudders.-Relates to apparatus for indicating electrically variable angles as claimed in the parent Specification in which a pair of intercommunicating tubes partially filled with a conducting fluid is moved as a whole about an axis and the resistance of a conducting body arranged lengthwise in one or both of the tubes is indicated. According to the present invention, two pairs of tubes angularly displaceable in opposite directions are used. The sets of tubes 1, 2 and 1<1>, 2' are mounted on discs 4, 4<1> set, when used for indicating the position of the rudder of a ship. athwartships. The discs 4. 4' may be attached to mitre wheels intermeshing with a common mitre wheel driven from a toothed quadrant secured to the post of the rudder. The apparatus is applicable to aerial navigation and if the object on which it is mounted is liable to movements of considerable magnitude, the sets of tubes are caused to move through unequal angles ...

Electronic spirit level

Electronic inclinometer, which has a disc-like round pendulum which is mounted in a chamber filled with fluid, swings in a plane and assumes an attitude defined in relation to the force of gravity and has control edges by means of which a light beam can be controlled; the light beam can be measured by a light detector and its signal can be evaluated in order to indicate the inclination attitude of the device. The inclinometer is characterized in that the round pendulum 16 comprises a basic disc 72 and one or more diaphragms 73 fitted to the latter, and in the chamber 11, the optoelectronic light sensor 12 is provided, which is designed to engage around the round pendulum 16 in the manner of a fork, an LED 29 and a phototransistor 30 being arranged opposite each other at the ends of the fork. ...

PROCEDURE FOR THE MODIFICATION OF THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF URETHANE ELASTOMERS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE MONITORING OF THE ADJUSTMENT OF A MEASURING DEVICE AND MEASURING DEVICE

SYSTEM FOR DIA.-MAGNETIC LEVITATION

PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF A TWO-WHEELER AS WELL AS PROCEDURE FOR THE LEVEL CONTROL OF A SPRINGY TWO-WHEELER

NEIGUNGSMESSSYSTEM FUER SCHLITZWAENDE

INCLINATION SENSOR WITH OPTO-ELECTRONIC SPIRIT LEVEL

SENSOR ELEMENT AND A PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CAPACITIVE SENSOR

FUEHLELEMENT TO THE DETERMINATION OF THE DEVIATION FROM THE PLUMB BOB

MORE SCHRAEGLAGENFUEHLER

INCLINATION MEASURING INSTRUMENT

FUEHLELEMENT TO THE DETERMINATION OF THE DEVIATION FROM THE PLUMB BOB

HOSE SPIRIT LEVEL WITH ELECTRICAL LEVEL ANNOUNCEMENT

SCHRÄGLAGENMESSER FÜR EINSPURIGE FAHRZEUGE

The invention relates to an inclined position sensor for two-wheeled vehicles, comprising a parallelepipedal housing (1) that consists of a non-metallic material and has a fixing element (2) and contact plates (11) that are connected to the housing. According to the invention, the fixing element is formed by a horizontal stabilising shaft (5), a parallel adjusting shaft (3) and a primary shaft (6) with an angular support element (7), said primary shaft running perpendicular and being connected to the adjusting and stabilising shafts. The support element is connected to a horizontal pendulum comprising a counterweight (9). The fixing element, the pendulum comprising the counterweight and the contact plates are electrically conductive. The contact plates and the stabilising shaft are connected in an electrically conductive manner to the ends of electric lines of a device (14) for displaying the inclined position, a light indicator device or an audible warning device, said lines creating a ...

INCLINATION MEASURING SYSTEM FOR SLOTTED WALLS

MEASURING INSTRUMENT

DEVICE FOR THE MEASUREMENT THE GRADIENTS OR THE INCLINATION OF A SURFACE OR A LINE.

ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT TO THE MEASUREMENT AND/OR COMPUTATION OF THE LEVEL OR OTHER MECHANICAL DATA OF AN ELECTRICALLY LEADING LIQUID.

Mobile working machine comprising a position control device of a working arm, and method for controlling the position of a working arm of a mobile working machine

A mobile working machine includes a working arm which is mounted in an articulated manner, by a first end, on a revolving superstructure of the working machine, and a tool which is mounted in a displaceable manner on a second end of the working arm. The mobile working machine includes a position control device of a working arm. At least one inclination sensor is arranged on the revolving superstructure and at least one inclination sensor is arranged on the working arm. Also, at least one rotation rate sensor is arranged on the working arm. The working machine further includes a calculation unit for processing the signals of the at least one inclination sensor, of at least one additional inclination sensor, and of at least one rotational rate sensor.

Displacement Sensor with Reduced Hysteresis

A method and apparatus are provided for reducing hysteresis in displacement sensors by reducing the resistance to motion between components in the sensing units that move relative to each other.

Tilt sensor

A tilt sensor includes a body, a light emitting diode (LED), a first photosensitive element, a second photosensitive element, and a moving element. The body can tilt in a plurality of tilt directions. The LED is disposed at the body for providing a light beam. The first photosensitive element is disposed at the body and at the opposite side of the LED. The second photosensitive element is disposed at the body and at another side of the LED. The moving element is disposed at the body. When the body tilts toward different tilt directions, the moving element moves toward different directions so that different light receiving situations are produced.

Optoelectronic inclination sensor

An optoelectronic inclination sensor determines the inclination of a reference plane relative to the horizontal. A sensor body has a liquid layer, the free surface of which represents a horizon that can be inclined relative to the reference plane, forming an optical boundary to the adjacent medium. A light source disposed below the liquid layer emits a light beam onto the boundary. An optical sensor surface below the liquid layer detects the light beam reflected by the boundary. An analysis unit determines the inclination of the reference plane as a function of the amount of light received by the sensor surface. A deflecting element for deflecting or initially totally reflecting the beam is disposed between the source and the liquid layer. The beam is inclined as a result of said deflection or initial total reflection. A second total reflection occurs at the boundary in both the inclined and non-inclined orientation.

ELECTRONIC LEVEL AND LEVELING ROD FOR ELECTRONIC LEVEL

A leveling rod for electronic level for easily expanding a measurable range for long/short distance measurements without inaccuracy even when mixed and used with a conventional level, has a first pattern having a grayscale of predetermined rules for a first distance range measurement, and a second pattern enlarged/reduced with respect to a pattern with the inverted grayscale of the first pattern for a second distance range measurement different from the first distance range. An electronic level includes a height measuring device measuring a collimation point height from an output signal from a line sensor for correspondence to the first pattern, a grayscale inverting device inverting the grayscale of the output signal from the line sensor for correspondence to the second pattern, and a height correcting device correcting the height measured by the height measuring device according to a reduction scale of the second pattern with respect to the first pattern. 1. A leveling rod for electronic level having a pattern forming a grayscale by arraying a plurality of bar-shaped marks along a longitudinal direction at regular pitches , the leveling rod for electronic level has ,as the pattern, a first pattern in which a grayscale is formed according to a predetermined rule for a measurement within a first distance range, and a second pattern which is enlarged or reduced with respect to a pattern in which the grayscale of the first pattern is inverted for a measurement within a second distance range different from the first distance range.2. The leveling rod for electronic level according to claim 1 , has a first surface and a second surface which differ in orientation claim 1 , and the first pattern is formed on the first surface claim 1 , and the second pattern is formed on the second surface.3. An electronic level comprising: a line sensor which generates an output signal according to the first pattern or the second pattern formed on the leveling rod for electronic level ...

Electronic Level

An electronic level for receiving a reflection light from a pattern marked on a leveling rod and for determining a height of sighting position and a distance to the leveling rod is disclosed. The electronic level comprises an electronic level main unit, a sighting optical system accommodated in the electronic level main unit and for sighting the leveling rod, a line sensor for receiving a part of reflection light, and a control arithmetic unit for calculating a height of sighting position and a distance to the leveling rod based on signals from the line sensor. The electronic level has a crude measurement mode and a precise measurement mode, wherein the crude measurement mode is initiated by the control arithmetic unit, and the measurement mode is changed over to the precise measurement mode by detecting the pattern based on a photodetection signal from said line sensor by measurement. 1. An electronic level for receiving a reflection light from a pattern marked on a leveling rod and for determining a height of sighting position and a distance to said leveling rod , comprising an electronic level main unit , a sighting optical system accommodated in said electronic level main unit and for sighting said leveling rod , a line sensor for receiving a part of a reflection light , and a control arithmetic unit for calculating a height of sighting position and a distance to said leveling rod based on a signal from the line sensor and for controlling measurement in a crude measurement mode and a precise measurement mode , wherein the crude measurement mode is initiated by said control arithmetic unit , and the measurement mode is changed over to the precise measurement mode by detecting said pattern based on a photodetection signal from said line sensor by measurement.2. An electronic level according to claim 1 , wherein said control arithmetic unit detects said leveling rod based on a photodetection signal from said line sensor in the crude measurement mode and changes to ...

Fluid Tilt Sensor Within Ink Tank Supply Item for Micro-Fluid Applications

A container for holding a volume of fluid and having a housing defining an interior for retaining the volume of fluid; at least one in-tank tilt sensor connected to a controller and disposed inside the housing for generating a signal corresponding to a level of fluid inside the housing; and a support material attached to the housing and connected to the at least one in-tank tilt sensor to mechanically support the at least one in-tank tilt sensor such that the at least one in-lank tilt sensor is not in direct contact with the fluid inside the housing. The in-tank tilt sensor detects a change in fluid level which may only be caused by tilting of the imaging device. When tilting is registered, protective action is taken to prevent fluid from leaking. 1. A method of detecting tilting of a container for holding a volume of fluid , the container for consumable use of the fluid in an imaging device and having a housing , defining an interior to retain the volume of fluid and at least one pair of opposed electrodes disposed in the interior having a capacitance that varies in response to an amount of fluid existing between the opposed electrodes , a higher said capacitance corresponding to a higher said amount of fluid existing between the opposed electrodes , comprising:obtaining a first capacitance measurement value from the pair of opposed electrodes;obtaining a second capacitance measurement: value from the pair of opposed electrodes; andascertaining tilt of the housing by determining whether the second capacitance measurement value is higher than the first capacitance measurement value.2. The method of claim 1 , further including determining whether the second capacitance measurement value remains higher than the first capacitance measurement value for a predetermined amount of time.3. The method of claim 2 , further including pinching closed a valve in the imaging device to stop fluid flow if the second capacitance measurement value remains said higher than the first ...

INCLINATION SENSOR DEVICE AND VEHICLE LAMP SYSTEM USING THE SAME

There is provided an inclination sensor device. The inclination sensor device includes: a substrate which mounts an inclination sensor configured to calculate an inclination angle of a vehicle; a case which accommodates the substrate; a first positioning mechanism which positions the substrate relative to the case in a first direction that is substantially parallel to a first main surface of the substrate; and a second positioning mechanism which positions the substrate relative to the case in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first main surface of the substrate. 1. An inclination sensor device comprising:a substrate which mounts an inclination sensor configured to calculate an inclination angle of a vehicle;a case which accommodates the substrate;a first positioning mechanism which positions the substrate relative to the case in a first direction that is substantially parallel to a first main surface of the substrate; anda second positioning mechanism which positions the substrate relative to the case in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first main surface of the substrate.2. The inclination sensor device according to claim 1 , a protrusion provided on one of the substrate and the case; and', 'a protrusion receiving portion provided in the other of the substrate and the case, and, 'wherein at least one of the first positioning mechanism and the second positioning mechanism compriseswherein the substrate is positioned relative to the case by press-fitting the protrusion to the protrusion receiving portion.3. The inclination sensor device according to claim 2 ,wherein the substrate comprises:the first main surface on which the inclination sensor is mounted;a second main surface opposite to the first main surface; anda side surface between the first main surface and the second main surface,wherein the protrusion receiving portion is provided in the substrate and comprises a groove which is formed in the side ...

SIMPLE TYPE DUAL AXES OPTOELECTRONIC LEVEL

A simple type dual axes optoelectronic level includes a carrier, an adjustable fixing mechanism, a level sensing device, a container cup holding a liquid, and a reflector. The adjustable fixing mechanism and the container cup are fixed at the carrier. The level sensing device is fixed at the adjustable fixing mechanism and faces the container cup. The reflector is fixed at the bottom surface of the container cup. The level sensing device provides a measuring light beam, which is refracted by the liquid surface to the reflector, and reflected back to the liquid surface by the reflector, and refracted again by the liquid surface to the level sensing device. Through the refraction effect, the level sensing device can detect two angles between the bottom surface of the carrier and the liquid surface. The dual axes optoelectronic level has advantages of simple structure, low cost and differentiating angles of two axes. 1. A dual axes optoelectronic level , comprising:a carrier;an adjustable fixing mechanism fixed on the carrier;a level sensing device fixed on the adjustable fixing mechanism, the level sensing device being configured for providing a measuring light beam;a container cup fixed on the carrier and facing the level sensing device, the container cup holding a liquid; anda reflector fixed on a bottom face of the container cup and facing the level sensing device and immersed in the liquid, wherein the measuring light beam is incident to the reflector and the reflector is configured for reflecting the measuring light beam back to the level sensing device.2. The dual axes optoelectronic level as claim 1 , further comprising a container cup cover fixed on the container cup for covering a first opening of a top portion of the container cup claim 1 , the container cup cover having a second opening and a tubular portion protruding from the second opening and toward a bottom portion of the container cup.3. The dual axes optoelectronic level as claim 1 , wherein the ...

Liquid Capacitive Micro Inclinometer

The present invention relates to a liquid capacitive micro inclinometer, comprising a pair of differential electrodes and a common electrode, all formed in the same plane in a sealed chamber. Immersing liquid is filled in the sealed chamber. The shape of the differential electrodes forms a sector of a circular plane. The inclinometer may further integrate a reading circuit. The present invention also discloses preparation method for the invented inclinometer. 1. A liquid capacitive micro inclinometer , comprising a pair of differential electrodes and a common electrode , all positioned in substantially a same plane in a sealed chamber , and immersing liquid filled in the sealed chamber , wherein each differential electrode has the shape of a part of a circular plane.2. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer according to claim 1 , wherein the differential electrodes respectively have a semicircular shape.3. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer according to claim 1 , wherein shape of the differential electrodes forms sector of a semicircular claim 1 , wherein the inclinometer further comprises one or more pair of differential electrodes formed in the same plane claim 1 , and wherein all differential electrodes have substantially a same shape.4. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer according to claim 1 , further comprising a reading circuit to generate reading values of capacitance represented by each of the differential electrodes.5. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer according to claim 2 , further comprising a reading circuit to generate reading values of capacitance represented by each of the differential electrodes.6. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer according to claim 3 , further comprising a reading circuit to generate reading values of capacitance represented by each of the differential electrodes.7. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer according to claim 1 , further comprising a lubrication layer provided in at least a partial ...

Multilayered Liquid Capacitive Micro Inclinometer

The present invention relates to a liquid multilayer capacitive micro inclinometer, comprising at least two pairs of differential electrodes, each pair positioned in a same plane; at least one common electrode with a portion positioned in the plane of each pair of differential electrodes. The differential electrodes and the common electrode are provided in a sealed chamber, in which an immersing liquid is filled. The shape of the differential electrodes forms a sector of a circular plane. The inclinometer may further integrate a reading circuit. The present invention also discloses preparation method for the invented inclinometer. 1. A liquid capacitive micro inclinometer , comprising: at least two pairs of differential electrodes , each pair having electrodes positioned in the same plane; at least one common electrode , with a part thereof positioned in said same plane; a sealed chamber enclosing said differential electrodes and said common electrode; and immersing liquid filled in said sealed chamber.2. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein each of the differential electrode has a shape of a partial circular plane.3. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer of claim 2 , wherein the differential electrode has a shape of a sector of a circular plane.4. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein a pair of the differential electrodes is prepared in the plane where another pair is provided claim 1 , with one electrode separated from another in a distance.5. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer of claim 1 , further comprising a reading circuit to generate reading values of capacitance corresponding to each differential electrode.6. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer of claim 1 , further comprising a lubrication layer on at least a part of the differential electrodes and the common electrode.7. The liquid capacitive micro inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein the common electrode is provided at internal edges of the ...

Multifunction Laser Leveling Tool

A multifunction laser leveling tool ( 1 ) is provided. The multifunction laser leveling tool ( 1 ) comprises: a housing ( 2 ); a pendulum ( 28 ) supported by the housing ( 2 ) via a universal joint so that the pendulum ( 28 ) is pivotable with respect to the housing ( 2 ) around a first axis ( 24 ) and a second axis ( 26 ) perpendicular to the first axis ( 24 ); a locking means ( 4 ) which is able to fixedly lock the pendulum ( 28 ) to the housing ( 2 ) and to release the pendulum ( 28 ) therefrom, wherein when the pendulum ( 28 ) is released, the pendulum ( 28 ) is in a plumb orientation and the first and second axes ( 24,26 ) lie in a horizontal plane; a first laser beam emitter ( 36 ) attached to the pendulum ( 28 ) for emitting a first laser plane; an angle sensing means ( 44 ) attached to the pendulum ( 28 ) for measuring the orientation of the pendulum ( 28 ); a display module having two sections ( 6,8 ) attached to the housing ( 2 ) for displaying the measured orientation of the pendulum ( 28 ).

Precision Inclinometer with Parallel Dipole Line Trap System

Inclinometers with a parallel dipole line (PDL) trap system are provided. In one aspect, an inclinometer includes: a PDL trap having a pair of dipole line magnets, a transparent tube in between the dipole line magnets, and a diamagnetic object within the transparent tube, wherein the diamagnetic object is levitating in between the dipole line magnets; and a sensing system for determining a position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap and for determining an inclination angle θ using the position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap. Techniques to detect the diamagnetic object position using optical, capacitive and manual methods are described. A method for determining an inclination angle θ using the present inclinometers is also provided. 1. An inclinometer , comprising:a parallel dipole line (PDL) trap having a pair of dipole line magnets, a transparent tube in between the dipole line magnets, and a diamagnetic object within the transparent tube, wherein the diamagnetic object is levitating in between the dipole line magnets; anda sensing system for determining a position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap and for determining an inclination angle θ using the position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap.2. The inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein the sensing system is an optical sensing system comprising a digital video camera positioned facing the PDL trap and the diamagnetic object for capturing video images of the position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap.3. The inclinometer of claim 2 , wherein the optical sensing system further comprises a microcomputer for i) analyzing the video images and ii) determining the inclination angle θ.4. The inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein the sensing system is a capacitance sensing system comprising electrodes attached to at least two opposite ends of the transparent tube claim 1 , and a capacitance measurement system for measuring a change in capacitance as the diamagnetic object passes ...

APPARATUS FOR MEASURING POSITION OF PROBE FOR INCLINOMETER, AND PROBE

Disclosed are an apparatus for measuring a position of a probe for an inclinometer, and a probe. The apparatus for measuring a position of a probe for an inclinometer comprises: a probe connection unit; a cable connection unit; a storage unit; a power supply unit; a magnetic field generator; a rotational number calculation unit, and a probe position calculation unit. 1. An apparatus for measuring a position of a probe for an inclinometer , the apparatus comprising:a probe connection unit connected to a probe on which a displacement measurement sensor for measuring a displacement of the ground is installed;a cable connection unit connected to a cable for moving the probe in an inclinometer;a power supply unit supplying power to the probe;a storage unit for storing a measurement value measured by the displacement measurement sensor;a rotating body rotating and moving while adjoining an inner surface of the inclinometer tube;a rotation amount measurement unit measuring an amount of revolutions of the rotating body; anda probe position calculation unit calculating a position of the probe by using information on the amount of the revolutions of the rotating body.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the rotation amount measurement unit comprises:a magnetic field generator formed in a partial region of the rotating body to generate a magnetic field while rotating according to the revolutions of the rotating body; anda rotational number calculation unit measuring the magnetic field to calculate the number of revolutions of the rotating body.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the magnetic field generator is formed in each of a plurality of regions that are asymmetric to each other in a direction of the revolutions of the rotating body with respect to a rotation shaft of the rotating body.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the magnetic field generator is formed in each of two regions of which a distance therebetween is varied according to the direction of the ...

ROAD GRADE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR MOVING VEHICLES

A system for measuring a grade of a road includes at least two ride height sensors. Each sensor is mounted to the vehicle to detect a distance between the road and Its mounting location. Acceleration sensors mounted to the vehicle detect acceleration of the vehicle along at least one axis. Gyroscopes mounted to the vehicle detect one of pitch, roil or yaw of the vehicle. A global positioning unit (GPU) determines a geolocation of the vehicle. A processor includes at least one input connected to the height sensors, at least one input connected to the acceleration sensors, at least one input connected to the gyroscopes, and at least one input connected to the GPU. The processor is configured to calculate road grade from the plurality of Inputs and to associate the calculated road grade with geolocation of the vehicle associated with the calculated road grade. 1. A system for calculating a grade of a road , the system comprising:at least two ride height sensors, each sensor configured for mounting to a first vehicle in a mounting location and configured to detect a distance between the road and the mounting location;one or more acceleration sensors configured for mounting to the first vehicle, each sensor configured to detect acceleration of the first vehicle along at least one axis;one or more gyroscopes configured for mounting to the first vehicle, each gyroscope configured to detect one of pitch, roll or yaw of the first vehicle;a global positioning unit configured for mounting to the first vehicle, the global positioning unit configured to determine a geolocation of the first vehicle;a processor having a plurality of inputs, including at least one input configured to be connected to a data output from each of the at least two ride height sensors, at least one input configured to be connected to the one or more acceleration sensors, at least one input configured to be connected to the one or more gyroscopes, and at least one input configured to be connected to the ...

Pendulum-based laser leveling device with calibration guard function

A pendulum-based laser leveling device comprises a micro controller unit connected to a shock sensor for sensing a shock experienced by the laser leveling device. The micro controller unit is configured to send out a warning message when the magnitude of the shock sensed by the shock sensor exceeds a shock threshold.

CAMERA SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED LEVELING DISPLAY

A tripod head for supporting a camera includes an electronic leveling and display system to produce a continuously visible display of the leveling of the tripod head and the camera mounted thereon. That is, the tripod head may be rotated (a full 360 degrees) so the display system is visible regardless of the position of the camera. The display system attached to, or made part of, the tripod head includes light indicating elements (e.g., LEDs or LCDs) which may be easily seen, day or night and under physical constraints limiting access to the camera, regardless of the orientation of the camera. 1. The combination comprising:a tripod head adapted to have a camera attached thereto, said tripod head including apparatus for securely attaching the camera thereto and for rotating the camera relative to the tripod head;sensing and processing circuitry coupled to said tripod head for sensing and calculating the degree of leveling of said tripod head and producing signals indicative of the leveling; anda display device attached to said tripod head responsive to the signals indicative of the leveling for optically displaying signals corresponding to the indicated leveling; said optical display being viewable in any selected direction regardless of the orientation of the camera attached to said tripod head.2. The combination as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a printed circuit board (PCB) is attached to said tripod head claim 1 , said PCB having an inner surface to which said sensing and processing is attached; and said PCB having an external surface and wherein said display device is located on said external surface.3. The combination as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said display device includes light emitting elements.4. The combination as claimed in wherein the processing circuitry includes means for calibrating the system to a precision reference standard. This application claims priority based on a provisional application titled CAMERA SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED LEVELING DISPLAY ...

CHROMATOGRAPHY COLUMNS AND THEIR OPERATION

A chromatography column comprises a 2-axis inclinometer for determining or monitoring the orientation the axial verticality of the column tube or of a column component such as a piston. A column inclinometer may be mounted on the column. A piston inclinometer may be mounted on the piston. Outputs from the inclinometer may be fed to a programmable logic controller and used to control the operation of the column, e.g. by adjusting a support stand of the column, or controlling a piston drive mechanism. 1. A chromatography apparatus comprising:a chromatography column, said column comprising additionally at least one inclinometer for measuring the orientation of the column, or of one or more components thereof, relative to the horizontal and/or vertical.2. The chromatography apparatus of in which:a said inclinometer is a two-axis inclinometer, operable and positioned to measure the orientation or inclination of the column or component thereof in respective mutually transverse or perpendicular axes.3. The chromatography apparatus of in which the apparatus comprises first and second inclinometers claim 1 , operable and positioned to measure the orientation or inclination of the column or component thereof in respective mutually transverse or perpendicular axes.4. The chromatography apparatus of in which the inclinometer is an electronic or electric device operable to produce an electrical output signal.5. The chromatography apparatus of in which the inclinometer is fixedly mounted to a flat reference surface of the column claim 1 , the reference surface being normal to an axial direction of the column.6. The chromatography apparatus of which further comprises a display to show the inclination or orientation of said column or component from the inclinometer output.7. The chromatography apparatus of in which said display:is on a said inclinometer;is carried on the column;is carried on a support structure of the column; oris mounted on a separate skid comprised in the ...

TILT SWITCH BASED ON DIFFERENTIAL SENSING

A tilt switch based on differential threshold sensing includes a tilt track (such as a tilt tube), and a tilt/target element moveable along the tilt track by gravity between first/second ends based on tilt angle. An inductive sensor includes first/second sense coils at the ends of the tilt track, and sensor circuitry (a) to drive each sense coil to project a magnetic sensing field, and to measure a differential sensor to a position of the tilt/target element relative to the sense coils, based on a property corresponding to sense coil inductance (for example, relative to a pre-defined switching threshold position), and (b) to provide, in response to the differential sensor response, a tilt switch output corresponding to a tilt angle of the tilt track based on a position of the tilt/target element relative to the sense coils (or switching threshold), for example, with a pre-defined hysteresis. 1. A tilt switch for sensing a tilt condition , comprisinga tilt track with first and second ends;a tilt/target element moveable along the tilt track by gravity between the first and second ends based on a tilt angle of the tilt track; first and second sense coils, respectively located at the first and second ends of the tilt track;', to drive each sense coil to project a respective time-varying magnetic sensing field at a respective first and second end of the tilt track, and', 'to measure a differential sensor response associated with the first and second sense coils to a position of the tilt/target element relative to the first and second sense coils, based on a property corresponding to inductance of each sense coil;, 'sensor circuitry coupled to the first and second sense coils,'}, 'the sensor circuitry to provide, in response to the differential sensor response from the first and second sense coils, a tilt switch output corresponding to a tilt angle of the tilt track based on a position of the tilt/target element relative to the first and second sense coils., 'an inductive ...

GNSS Mobile Base Station and Data Collector with Electronic Leveling and Hands-Free Data Collection

A GNSS data collection system includes a pole mounted GNSS receiver and inclination sensors. A data collection module provides a data collection graphical user interface (GUI) visible on a hand-held data collector computer. The data collector computer is communicably coupled to the GNSS receiver and receives three-dimensional location data and inclination data for the range pole in real-time. A virtual level component uses the inclination data to display on the GUI real-time tilt information in the form of a virtual bubble level indicator. The inclination data and height of the range pole are used to calculate and display horizontal distance and direction to level the GNSS receiver, using: incline=sqrt(xtilt*xtilt+ytilt*ytilt) where, xtilt=the inclination data for the range pole along the x axis, ytilt=the inclination data for the range pole along the y axis, and horizontaldistancefromlevel=rh*sin(incline) where, rh=the height of the range pole. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the collection module is further configured to implement an accuracy module by:dividing the captured location data into clusters of points (cluster data), wherein each of said clusters includes points separated from one another by less than said time interval; andranking the cluster data in each of said clusters for accuracy.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the collection module is further configured to implement the accuracy module by:storing a highest ranking point of each of said clusters, wherein each of said clusters includes points separated from a previously stored point by more than said distance interval.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data collection module is configured to automatically capture the location data as the system is moved along a site claim 1 , when the pole has been oriented within the predetermined tolerance of the horizontal distance for a predetermined minimum time tolerance.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the GUI is configured to display a bubble ...

DETERMINING A WIND TURBINE TOWER INCLINATION ANGLE

Provided is a method of determining an inclination angle of a wind turbine tower at which a nacelle is mounted, the method including measuring plural acceleration values of an acceleration of the nacelle in a predetermined direction relative to the nacelle for plural yawing positions of the nacelle; deriving the inclination angle based on the plural acceleration values. 1. A method of determining an inclination angle of a wind turbine tower at which a nacelle is mounted , the method comprising:measuring plural acceleration values of an acceleration of the nacelle in a predetermined direction relative to the nacelle for plural yawing positions of the nacelle;deriving the inclination angle based on the plural acceleration values.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:measuring further plural acceleration values of an acceleration of the nacelle in a further predetermined direction relative to the nacelle for the plural yawing positions of the nacelle;deriving the inclination angle further based on the further plural acceleration values.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:deriving an at least one of an orientation and a direction of the inclination of the wind turbine tower based on the plural acceleration values.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the deriving the inclination angle comprises:averaging plural groups of the acceleration values associated with plural yawing position ranges to obtain for each yawing position range an associated averaged acceleration value;deriving the inclination angle based on the averaged acceleration values.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the deriving the inclination angle comprises:deriving a mean acceleration value by averaging the plural acceleration values over all yawing positions;calculating plural acceleration differences between the averaged acceleration values and the mean acceleration value;determining a maximum and a minimum of the acceleration differences; ...

SPILL-PROOF CUP AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

A spill-proof cup includes a cup body, a cup lid disposed at the top of the cup body; a lid control device connected to the cup lid for opening or closing the cup lid; a top acceleration switch set disposed on the top of the cup body, and the top acceleration switch set including a first acceleration switch and a second acceleration switch; a bottom acceleration switch set disposed at the bottom of the cup body, and the bottom acceleration switch set including a first acceleration switch and a second acceleration switch; a controller connected to the first acceleration switches, the second acceleration switches and the lid control device, and configured to receive signals from the first and second acceleration switches, and control the lid control device according to the signal. A triggering threshold of the second acceleration switch is greater than that of the first acceleration switch. 1. A spill-proof cup , comprising:a cup body,a cup lid disposed at top of the cup body;a lid control device connected to the cup lid for opening or closing the cup lid;a top acceleration switch set disposed on the top of the cup body, and the top acceleration switch set comprising a first acceleration switch and a second acceleration switch;a bottom acceleration switch set disposed at bottom of the cup body, and the bottom acceleration switch set comprising a first acceleration switch and a second acceleration switch;a controller connected to the first acceleration switches, the second acceleration switches and the lid control device, and configured to receive signals from the first acceleration switches and the second acceleration switches, and control the lid control device according to the signals;wherein a triggering threshold of the second acceleration switch is greater than a triggering threshold of the first acceleration switch.2. The spill-proof cup according to claim 1 , wherein the controlling the lid control device according to the signal comprises: when the controller ...

Method And System For Determining An Angular Position Of A Component Of A Goods Processing Apparatus

A goods processing apparatus can include a pivotable display, a sensor, and a controller. The sensor detects an angle of inclination of the pivotable display. The pivotable display is rotatable about a x-axis of a Cartesian coordinate system. The sensor is disposed on the pivotable display and includes respective transducers at least in a direction of a y-axis and a z-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system. The sensor generates respective digital measured values for each of the y-axis and the z-axis. The controller processes the two digital measured values to derive the angle of inclination of the pivotable display based on the two digital measured values, and stores, in a memory of the goods processing apparatus, the derived angle of inclination. 1. A method for determining an inclination of an adjustable component of a goods processing apparatus further including a controller and an inclination sensor , the method comprising:providing the inclination sensor on the adjustable component, the adjustable component being rotatable about a x-axis of a Cartesian coordinate system, wherein the inclination sensor includes respective transducers at least in a direction of a y-axis and a z-axis;generating, using the inclination sensor, respective digital measured values for each of the y-axis and the z-axis, and providing the generated digital measured values to the controller;processing, by the controller, the two digital measured values to derive a valid measured value for the inclination of the component based on the two digital measured values, andstoring, in a memory of the goods processing apparatus, the derived measured value for the inclination of the component.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein deriving the valid measured value for the inclination of the component comprises:determining, by the controller, which of the two digital measured values that more accurately represents the inclination of the component; andselecting the determined one of the two ...

FABRIC INCLUDING DETECTION MODULE

A detection module-included fabric includes an arranged combination of at least one detection module, a surface layer, and a fabric layer. The detection module includes a contact surface. The surface layer is combined with the at least one detection module. The detection module is below the surface layer. The surface layer includes at least one window opening. The contact surface of the detection module is exposed through the window opening of the surface layer. The fabric layer is combined with the surface layer. A gap is formed between the fabric layer and the surface layer. The detection module is located between the surface layer and the fabric layer. As such, the detection module mounted to the surface layer is hard to slide or shift in position so that the detection module is constantly kept in contact engagement with a surface of a human body for stabilization of signal detection. 1. A detection module-included fabric , comprising:at least one detection module, which comprises a contact surface;a surface layer, which is combined with the at least one detection module with the detection module located below the surface layer, the surface layer comprising at least one window opening, the contact surface of the detection module being exposed through the window opening of the surface layer; anda fabric layer, which is combined with the surface layer, the fabric layer and the surface layer forming therebetween a gap, the detection module being located between the surface layer and the fabric layer.2. The detection module-included fabric as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the detection module comprises a protection layer arranged therebelow claim 1 , the protection layer having an edge combined with the surface layer claim 1 , the protection layer being located between the detection module and the fabric layer.3. The detection module-included fabric as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the protection layer comprises one of a piece of fabric and an insulation sheet.4. The ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR RECORDING IMPACT EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAILER MONITORING UNITS

An example trailer monitoring system includes a trailer monitoring unit (TMU) that has an image capture arrangement disposed within the TMU, the image capture arrangement to capture first image data, and an accelerometer carried by the TMU, the accelerometer to generate acceleration data of the TMU. The system also has one or more processors configured to access the acceleration data and configured to compare the acceleration data to a reference acceleration data range to determine if the acceleration data is within the reference acceleration range, in response to the acceleration data being outside the reference acceleration data range, the one or more processors are to record an impact event associated with the TMU being impacted, and in response to the acceleration data being outside the reference acceleration data range, the one or more processors are to generate a message associated with the impact event. 1. A trailer monitoring system , comprising: an image capture arrangement disposed within the trailer monitoring unit, the image capture arrangement to capture first image data; and', 'an accelerometer carried by the trailer monitoring unit, the accelerometer to generate acceleration data of the trailer monitoring unit; and, 'a trailer monitoring unit, includingone or more processors configured to access the acceleration data and configured to compare the acceleration data to a reference acceleration data range to determine if the acceleration data is within the reference acceleration range,in response to the acceleration data being outside the reference acceleration data range, the one or more processors are to record an impact event associated with the trailer monitoring unit being impacted, andin response to the acceleration data being outside the reference acceleration data range, the one or more processors are to generate a message associated with the impact event.2. The trailer monitoring system of claim 1 , further including a light source claim 1 , and ...

PERMANENT MAGNET INCLINOMETER FOR AN INDUSTRIAL MACHINE

Permanent magnet inclinometer for an industrial machine. The industrial machine includes a component that includes a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet. A circular magnetic sensor array senses a first magnetic flux associated with the first permanent magnet and a second magnetic flux associated with the second permanent magnet. The sensor array includes a first magnetic sensor that senses the first magnetic flux and a second magnetic sensor that senses the second magnetic flux. The controller receives a first flux signal related to the first magnetic flux and a second flux signal related to the second magnetic flux, analyzes the first flux signal to identify a first peak magnetic flux, and analyzes the second flux signal to identify a second peak magnetic flux. The controller then determines the inclination of the component based on the first peak magnetic flux and the second peak magnetic flux. 1. An industrial machine comprising:a component movable in a linear manner or a rotary manner with respect to the industrial machine, the component including a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet;a circular magnetic sensor array configured to sense a first magnetic flux associated with the first permanent magnet and a second magnetic flux associated with the second permanent magnet, the circular magnetic sensor array including a first magnetic sensor configured to sense the first magnetic flux associated with the first permanent magnet and a second magnetic sensor configured to sense the second magnetic flux associated with the second permanent magnet; and receive a first flux signal related to the first magnetic flux and a second flux signal related to the second magnetic flux,', 'analyze the first flux signal to identify a first peak magnetic flux,', 'analyze the second flux signal to identify a second peak magnetic flux, and', 'determine the inclination of the component of the industrial machine based on the first peak magnetic flux and ...

An alignment system

An apparatus for use in maintaining a desired orientation of an implement is provided. The apparatus includes orientation sensing equipment operable to sense the orientation of the implement, and an orientation indicator operable to be mounted relative to the implement, the orientation indicator having a plurality of indication portions, and when the orientation indicator is mounted relative to the implement, the indication portions are positioned so as to be visible from different locations around the implement. In use, when the orientation of the implement deviates from the desired orientation, one or more indication portions provide a visible indication of a direction in which the implement has deviated from the desired orientation.

Surveying device

A surveying device 3 configured to perform a survey by tracking, as a survey target, a prism 13 attached to a camera 11 of a movable imaging device 2, includes an electronic distance meter 33 configured to measure a distance to the survey target; a horizontal angle detector 41 and a vertical angle detector 42 each configured to measure an angle; a main body 3a supporting these members; a time obtainer 47 configured to obtain a GPS time from a GPS satellite; a tilt sensor 48 configured to detect a posture of the main body 3a; a calibrator 49 configured to calibrate the tilt sensor 48; and a survey controller 40 that causes the calibrator 49 to perform calibration during a period in which the time obtainer 47 obtains the GPS time, as an advance preparation to be performed before the measurement.

Electronic Level

An electronic level which receives a reflection light from a pattern marked on a staff and determines a height of sighting position and a distance to the staff, comprising an electronic level main unit, a sighting optical system accommodated in the electronic level main unit for sighting the staff and a sighting device provided on an upper surface of the electronic level main unit, wherein the sighting device can be sighted at least in two directions, and an angle formed by two directions is equal to or approximately equal to a field angle of the sighting optical system. 1. An electronic level which receives a reflection light from a pattern marked on a staff and determines a height of sighting position and a distance to said staff , comprising an electronic level main unit , a sighting optical system accommodated in said electronic level main unit for sighting said staff and a sighting device provided on an upper surface of said electronic level main unit , wherein said sighting device can be sighted at least in two directions , and an angle formed by two directions is equal to or approximately equal to a field angle of said sighting optical system.2. An electronic level according to claim 1 , wherein said sighting device comprises a table part claim 1 , two sighting pins provided adjacent to each other on a peripheral portion of an upper surface of said table part claim 1 , a sight aligning pin provided on a peripheral portion opposite to said sighting pin on an upper surface of said table part and two measuring range confirming pins provided at positions separated from said sight aligning pin by a predetermined distance in circumferential direction claim 1 , wherein an angle formed by two of said measuring range confirming pins with respect to a middle point between said sighting pins is equal to or approximately equal to a field angle of said sighting optical system.3. An electronic level according to claim 1 , wherein said sighting device comprises a table part ...

SOLAR BATTERY WIRELESS INCLINOMETER

An inclinometer that provides inclination data of a walking beam in a rod pumping system includes a cover including an indented portion external to the inclinometer. The cover is attached to a chassis which together provide an internal area. Magnets are attached to a bottom of the chassis to magnetically attach the inclinometer to the walking beam. A power supply within the internal area includes a power storage and a charger. A solar panel is disposed in the indented portion of the cover and electrically connects to the power supply through a hole in the cover. Beam angle sensor circuitry measures an inclination of the walking beam and transmits corresponding inclination measurement data via an antenna in the internal area. The power supply is configured to supply power to this beam angle sensor circuitry. 18-. (canceled)9. An inclinometer for providing inclination data of a walking beam in a rod pumping system , the inclinometer comprising:a cover;a chassis, the cover configured to attach to the chassis to thereby provide an internal area of the inclinometer;a power supply within the internal area of the inclinometer;a solar panel on the cover and electrically connected to the power supply;an antenna; andcircuitry configured to measure an inclination of the walking beam and transmit corresponding inclination measurement data via the antenna,wherein the power supply is configured to supply power to the circuitry.10. The inclinometer of claim 9 , wherein the cover includes an indented portion external to the inclinometer claim 9 , and the solar panel is disposed in the intended portion of the cover.11. The inclinometer of claim 10 , wherein the solar panel is electrically connected to the power supply through a hole in the cover claim 10 , and the hole in the cover is circular and disposed in the center of the indented portion.12. The inclinometer of claim 9 , wherein the power supply includes a power storage and a charger.13. The inclinometer of claim 10 , wherein ...

SURVEYING DEVICE

A technique for preventing decrease in accuracy of measuring a tilt angle of a surveying device is provided. A total station includes a rotating unit, a horizontal angle measuring unit, a tilt sensor, and a tilt amount calculating part. The rotating unit has a distance measuring unit that performs optical surveying, and the rotating unit horizontally rotates. The horizontal angle measuring unit measures a rotation angle of the horizontal rotation of the rotating unit. The tilt sensor measures a tilt of the rotating unit relative to the direction of gravity. The tilt amount calculating part calculates a tilt of the rotating unit on the basis of measured values of the horizontal angle measuring unit before and after the rotating unit rotates. 1. A surveying device comprising:a rotating unit including an optical device that performs optical surveying, the rotating unit being horizontally rotatable;a horizontal rotation angle sensor that measures a horizontal rotation angle of the rotating unit;a tilt sensor that measures a tilt of the rotating unit relative to a direction of gravity; anda tilt calculating unit that calculates a tilt of the rotating unit after the rotating unit rotates based on outputs from the horizontal rotation angle sensor and the tilt sensor before the rotating unit rotates and based on an output from the horizontal rotation angle sensor after the rotating unit rotates.3. The surveying device according to claim 2 , wherein the X component value and the Y component value (x claim 2 , y) are obtained in a condition in which the rotating unit is in a stationary state.4. The surveying device according to claim 2 , further comprising a support that supports the rotating unit so as to be horizontally rotatable claim 2 ,wherein the support is arranged with an additional tilt sensor, the additional tilt sensor measures a tilt of the support while the rotating unit rotates horizontally, and the X component value and the Y component value (x, y) are ...

CONTAINER ANGLE SENSING USING VISION SENSOR FOR FEEDBACK LOOP CONTROL

A mobile work machine includes a frame and a ground engaging element movably supported by the frame and driven by an engine to drive movement of the mobile work machine. The mobile work machine also includes a container movably supported by the frame and an actuator configured to controllably drive movement of the container relative to the frame. The work machine also includes a control system configured to generate an actuator control signal, indicative of a commanded movement of the actuator, and provide the actuator control signal to the actuator to control the actuator to perform the commanded movement and an image sensor coupled to the mobile work machine, the image sensor being configured to capture an image of the container. The work machine also includes an angle determination system, communicatively coupled to the control system, configured to determine an angle of the container relative to the image sensor, based on the image of the container. 1. A mobile work machine comprising:a frame;a ground engaging element movably supported by the frame and driven by an engine to drive movement of the mobile work machine;a container movably supported by the frame;an actuator configured to controllably drive movement of the container relative to the frame;a control system configured to generate an actuator control signal, indicative of a commanded movement of the actuator, and provide the actuator control signal to the actuator to control the actuator to perform the commanded movement;an image sensor coupled to the mobile work machine, the image sensor being configured to capture an image of the container; andan angle determination system, communicatively coupled to the control system, configured to determine an angle of the container, based on the image of the container.2. The mobile work machine of claim 1 , wherein the angle determination system comprises:segmentation logic configured to identify a segment of the image that includes the container; andwherein the ...

Level Sensor

A level sensor for a motor vehicle includes a housing, a rotor rotatably mounted on the housing, and a printed circuit board enclosed in the housing. The printed circuit board includes at least one stator and is connected to a plug which can be attached to an opening in the housing, and seals the opening thereby. The printed circuit board and electronic components are readily and permanently protected against environmental influences. Housing has a chamber for accommodating the printed circuit board , and the opening is allocated to the chamber. The chamber is closed on all sides, with the exception of the opening. The printed circuit board can be inserted in the chamber in the manner of a drawer and can be positioned therein. 1. A level sensor for a motor vehicle , comprising:a housing;a rotor rotatably mounted on the housinga printed circuit board enclosed in the housing and comprising at least one stator; and{'b': '4', 'a plug () fastened to an opening in the housing sealing the opening;'}wherein the housing has a chamber for accommodating the printed circuit board and the opening is allocated to the chamber;wherein the chamber is closed on all sides, with the exception of the opening; andwherein the printed circuit board is insertable into in the chamber in the manner of a drawer.2. The level sensor according to claim 1 , wherein guide ramps are formed on the internal lateral walls of the chamber.3. The level sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the printed circuit board is fastened to the plug prior to being inserted in the chamber claim 1 , and provided with an electrical contact.4. The level sensor according to claim 2 , wherein deformable structures are disposed in the region of the guide ramps claim 2 , for the precise positioning of the stator in relation to the rotor.5. The level sensor according to claim 1 , wherein an elastic seal is disposed between the housing and the plug.6. The level sensor according to claim 1 , wherein a material-bonded seal is ...

TILT DETECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD THEREOF

An apparatus for detecting tilt of a fixture and method thereof. The apparatus includes a visible element having a pattern visibly distinguishable from its surrounding area; a part having a plane reflective surface being configured to be engaged with the fixture in alignment and being arranged to reflect light beams propagating directly from the visible element so as to produce a first virtual image of the visible element; an image capture device being disposed at same side of the visible element with respective to the part having a plane reflective surface and being configured to have a field of view covering the first virtual image and a second virtual image of the visible element produced by the part having a plane reflective surface, wherein the second virtual image was produced where the part having a plane reflective surface assumed a levelling orientation; and a controller being adapted for detecting tilt of the fixture using a deviation of the first virtual image from the second virtual image of the visible element in the field of view of the image capture device. By using the apparatus or method according to present invention, no optical means, such as lens, is used for converging the light beams projected by the visible element. It is thus possible to facilitate the assembly of the apparatus, miniaturize the apparatus and reduce costs thereof. 1. An apparatus for detecting tilt of a fixture , including:a visible element having a pattern visibly distinguishable from the surrounding area;a part having a plane reflective surface being configured to be engaged with the fixture in alignment and being arranged to reflect light beams propagating directly from the visible element so as to produce a first virtual image of the visible element;an image capture device being disposed at same side of the visible element with respective to the part having a plane reflective surface and being configured to have a field of view covering the first virtual image and a second ...

SOLAR BATTERY WIRELESS INCLINOMETER

An inclinometer that provides inclination data of a walking beam in a rod pumping system includes a cover including an indented portion external to the inclinometer. The cover is attached to a chassis which together provide an internal area. Magnets are attached to a bottom of the chassis to magnetically attach the inclinometer to the walking beam. A power supply within the internal area includes a power storage and a charger. A solar panel is disposed in the indented portion of the cover and electrically connects to the power supply through a hole in the cover. Beam angle sensor circuitry measures an inclination of the walking beam and transmits corresponding inclination measurement data via an antenna in the internal area. The power supply is configured to supply power to this beam angle sensor circuitry. 1. An inclinometer to provide inclination data of a walking beam in a rod pumping system , the inclinometer comprising:a cover including an indented portion external to the inclinometer;a chassis, the cover attached to the chassis, and the cover and the chassis providing an internal area of the inclinometer;one or more magnets attached to a bottom of the chassis and configured to magnetically attach the inclinometer to the walking beam;a power supply within the internal area of the inclinometer and including a power storage and a charger;a solar panel disposed in the indented portion of the cover and electrically connected to the power supply through a hole in the cover;an antenna, wherein the antenna is within the internal area of the inclinometer;beam angle sensor circuitry configured to measure an inclination of the walking beam and transmit corresponding inclination measurement data via the antenna,wherein the power supply is configured to supply power to the beam angle sensor circuitry.2. The inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein the hole in the cover is circular and disposed in the center of the indented portion.3. The inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein the ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING DIP ANGLE OF OPPOSITELY CROSSLY PLACED PAIRED QUARTERED RING-QUARTERED CIRCLE NESTED POLAR PLATES

A method for measuring a dip angle of oppositely crossly placed paired quartered ring-quartered circle nested polar plates. An annular coplanar capacitance measuring head of a sensor unit consists of four quarter round metal plates and four quarter circular-ring-shaped metal plates, the eight metal plates are coplanar and concentric with one another, and a quarter round metal plate and a quarter circular-ring-shaped metal plate corresponding to the same sector angle form a capacitor. Two annular coplanar capacitance measuring heads are arranged on two round insulating substrates, the two round insulating substrates are used as two bottom surfaces of a cylindrical container, the cylindrical container is transversely arranged, and an insulating liquid equal to ½ volume of the cylindrical container is injected into the cylindrical container in a sealing manner. Potential leads extract potentials of the sixteen metal plates and are connected to an input end of a capacitance measuring unit, and the capacitance measuring unit is connected to a dip measuring unit. When the cylindrical container tilts, the relative positions of the two annular coplanar capacitance measuring heads and the insulating liquid are changed, and a dip angle value can be calculated by measuring the change of a capacitance value. Also disclosed is a device for measuring a dip angle of oppositely crossly placed paired quartered ring-quartered circle nested polar plates. 1. A method for measuring dip angle by way of oppositely crossly placed paired quartered ring-quartered circle nested polar plates , wherein the method comprises the following steps:(1) One round metal plate and one outer circular-ring-shaped metal plate are placed coplanar and concentric with one another, and the round metal plate and the outer circular-ring-shaped metal plate are quartered in the radial direction respectively to obtain four quarter round metal plates and four quarter circular-ring-shaped metal plates, and a quarter ...

Hydraulic Hammer

A hydraulic hammer for a working machine configured for digging a surface includes a housing, a chisel, sensors, and a controller. The housing is coupled to the working machine. The chisel is partially enclosed by the housing and extendable from the housing for digging the surface at a contact location. Each of the sensors is configured for generating a signal indicative of a projecting distance between one of the sensors and the surface. The controller is configured for receiving the signals, determining an angle between the chisel and a plane substantially tangent to the contact location, and reorienting the chisel so that the chisel is substantially orthogonal to the contact location with the angle at substantially ninety degrees.

OPTICAL SENSOR

An optical sensor that a deterioration of detecting accuracy is suppressed is provided, and an optical sensor that an increase of the number of components and an increase of a physical constitution are suppressed is provided. The optical sensor has a light receiving element having a light receiving surface to receives light, a detector detecting an inclination of the light receiving surface in the vertical direction, and a correction portion correcting an output signal of the light receiving element based on an output signal of the detector. Furthermore, the optical sensor includes a raindrop detector detecting a raindrop, a light detector detecting an incident light, and a storage part storing these things. The raindrop detector includes a light emitting element, a first light receiving element, (212), and a first lens. The light detector includes a second light receiving element and a second lens. 1. An optical sensor comprising:a light receiving element having a light receiving surface to receives light;a detector detecting an inclination of the light receiving surface in a vertical direction; anda correction portion correcting an output signal of the light receiving element based on an output signal of the detector, wherein a regulating portion regulating an incident angle of the light being incident to the light receiving surface, and', 'a calculation portion calculating an elevation angle property based on the output signal of the light receiving element corrected by the correction portion., 'the optical sensor further comprises'}2. The optical sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe detector is an acceleration sensor.3. The optical sensor according to claim 2 , whereinthe output signal of the acceleration sensor is set up to be maximal or minimal when the light receiving surface is perpendicular to the vertical direction.4. The optical sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe correction portion has a correction factor according to the output signal of the ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS TO TRACK A BLADE

Methods and apparatus to track a blade are disclosed. A disclosed example apparatus includes a blade that is pivotable, first and second optical targets operatively coupled to the blade, and a first camera for collecting first imaging data of the first optical target within a first field of view. The example apparatus also includes a second camera for collecting second imaging data of the second optical target within a second field of view. The example apparatus also includes a selector to select at least one of the first or second imaging data, and a processor to determine an orientation of the blade based on the selected imaging data. 1. An apparatus comprising:a blade that is pivotable;first and second optical targets operatively coupled to the blade;a first camera for collecting first imaging data of the first optical target within a first field of view;a second camera for collecting second imaging data of the second optical target within a second field of view;a selector to select at least one of the first or second imaging data; anda processor to determine an orientation of the blade based on the selected imaging data.2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , further including a fusion module to generate an orientation estimate from the first and second imaging data.3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the first and second imaging data are to be collected mutually exclusive of one another.4. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the selector is to select the first or second imaging data based on comparing a first distance from the first camera to the first optical target claim 1 , and a second distance from the second camera to the second optical target.5. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , further including a controller to control at least one of the position or the orientation of the blade based on a grading plan.6. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the selector is to select the first imaging data or the second imaging data ...

LEVEL STATUS INDICATOR SYSTEM AND METHOD

A housing for a leveling system including one or more light bars, with each of the one or more light bars comprising a plurality of lights including a center light, the one or more light bars configured to act as a real-time level status indicator for the housing parallel to an axis Z by lit lights of the one or more light bars including an indication of where the level status for the housing parallel to the axis Z changes. 1. A housing for a leveling system comprising:a shaft body, defined by a cap and a pair of cap-arms that extend from the cap to collectively define a shaft in which a leveling system is configured to be disposed, the shaft body elongated parallel to an axis Z;a neck that perpendicularly extends from the cap and parallel to the cap-arms, the neck elongated parallel to the axis Z; anda pair of neck-arms that extend from the neck that define a channel that opposes the neck, with planar internal faces of the neck-arms disposed relative to each other at angle of 90°, the pair of neck arms elongated parallel to the axis Z; anda plurality of light bars, with each of the light bars comprising a plurality of lights including a center light, the light bars configured to act as a real-time level status indicator for the housing parallel to the axis Z by lit lights of the light bars, the light bars configured to present a display in real-time and give an illusion of mass so the lights of the light bars are perceived to slosh like a fluid when the level status for the housing parallel to the axis Z changes to indicate a value of a level status for the housing parallel to the axis Z,wherein a first light bar of the plurality of light bars is disposed at the neck of the housing with the plurality of lights of the first light bar disposed along a first common axis that is parallel to the axis Z, andwherein a second light bar of the plurality of light bars is disposed at one of the cap-arms of the housing with the plurality of lights of the second light bar ...

Bipartite sensor array

A bipartite sensor array comprising two portions capable of assembly into a single sensory system. A first portion includes rigid bodies connected by elongate flexures and fitted with gravimetric tilt sensors. The elongate flexures are capable of non-monotonic and non-constant bend in two degrees of freedom. A second portion includes rigid bodies connected by joints, contains the first portion. The second portion, which may be delivered and assembled separately from the first, provides rigidity and protection, enabling the first portion to have short rigid bodies and long connecting flexures, thereby reducing the number of sensors required. The bipartite sensor array is applicable to geotechnical measurements of soil and civil structures.

ANALOG FLOATING-GATE INCLINOMETER

An analog floating-gate (AFG) inclinometer where a plurality of AFG sensors are provided to detect the presence of a discharge caused by settling of a conductive liquid droplet contained in a sealed microchannel under gravity. A plurality of sensor port electrodes associated with the AFG sensors are placed along the length of a curved sealed microchannel of the inclinometer at specific positions calibrated to corresponding angular inclinations. Discharge detected at a specific AFG sensor port during measurement due to the movement of the conductive liquid droplet under gravity is used in determining a surface inclination being measured. 1. An inclinometer , comprising:a semiconductor substrate;a dielectric layer over the semiconductor substrate, the dielectric layer defining a sealed arcuate microchannel containing a conductive liquid droplet;access port electrodes in the sealed arcuate microchannel, each of the access port electrodes associated with a reference electrode within a proximity of the respective access port electrode and disposed along a curvature of the sealed arcuate microchannel, the access port electrodes spaced from one another with an arc length that is calibrated to an angular inclination resolution; andanalog floating-gate (AFG) devices in the semiconductor substrate, each corresponding to one or access port electrodes, wherein each of the AFG devices comprises a first conductor electrically coupled to the corresponding access port electrode and a second conductor electrically coupled to the reference electrode associated with the corresponding access port electrode.2. The inclinometer as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a control circuit coupled to each of the AFG devices claim 1 , the control circuit configured to (i) detect a discharge current in at least one of the AFG devices along a conductive path between the corresponding access port electrode and the associated reference electrode interposed by the conductive liquid droplet claim ...

GNSS Mobile Base Station and Data Collector with Electronic Leveling and Hands-Free Data Collection

A GNSS data collection system includes a pole mounted GNSS receiver and inclination sensors. A data collection module provides a data collection graphical user interface (GUI) visible on a hand-held data collector computer. The data collector computer is communicably coupled to the GNSS receiver and receives three-dimensional location data and inclination data for the range pole in real-time. A virtual level component uses the inclination data to display on the GUI real-time tilt information in the form of a virtual bubble level indicator. The inclination data and height of the range pole are used to calculate and display horizontal distance and direction to level the GNSS receiver. 1. A GNSS data collection system comprising:a GNSS receiver disposed on a range pole, the GNSS receiver configured to generate three-dimensional location data for the GNSS receiver;a plurality of inclination sensors disposed on the range pole in operative engagement with the GNSS receiver, the inclination sensors configured to generate inclination data for the range pole along mutually orthogonal x and y axes;a hand-held data collector computer including a display;a data collection module implemented by the data collector computer, and configured to generate a data collection graphical user interface (GUI) visible on the display;the data collector computer being communicably coupled to the GNSS receiver and configured to receive from the GNSS receiver, the three-dimensional location data and the inclination data for the range pole in real-time;a virtual level component implemented by the data collector computer, configured to use the inclination data to display on the GUI real-time tilt information for the range pole;the data collection module being configured to automatically capture the location data as the system is moved along a site, when the pole is oriented within a predetermined level tolerance of the horizontal distance from level, the captured location data corresponding to a ...

ESTIMATION DEVICE AND ESTIMATION METHOD

According to an embodiment, a device includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry performs three-dimensional measurement of surroundings of a mobile object to obtain a three-dimensional point group. The processing circuitry calculates movement information. The processing circuitry makes a threshold value based on time series differences in the movement information. The processing circuitry extracts, from the three-dimensional group, three-dimensional points having distance to the mobile object in a moving direction of the mobile object to be equal to or smaller than the threshold value. The processing circuitry divides space, in which the three-dimensional points are present, into divided spaces in the moving direction. The processing circuitry selects a representative point for the divided space from among three-dimensional points included in the divided space. The processing circuitry estimates, as a surface for motion on which the mobile object moves, a surface which approximates the representative points. 1. An estimation device comprising: perform three-dimensional measurement of surroundings of a mobile object to obtain a three-dimensional point group;', 'calculate movement information which varies accompanying movement of the mobile object;', 'make a threshold value based on time series differences in the movement information;', 'extract, from the three-dimensional group, a plurality of three-dimensional points having distance to the mobile object in a moving direction of the mobile object to be equal to or smaller than the threshold value;', 'divide space, in which the plurality of three-dimensional points are present, into a plurality of divided spaces in the moving direction;', 'select a representative point for the divided space from among three-dimensional points included in the divided space; and', 'estimate, as a surface for motion on which the mobile object moves, a surface which approximates the representative points., 'processing ...

GEODETIC INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS OF OPERATING GEODETIC INSTRUMENTS

Embodiments provide for a geodetic instrument comprising a scanning head, a reflecting optical element, a radiation source, a control unit and an electronic distance measurement (EDM) unit. The scanning head is rotatable about a first axis. The reflecting optical element mounted in the scanning head and rotatable about the same first axis. The radiation source is adapted to emit light to be output along a light beam path from the geodetic instrument via light reflection against the reflecting optical element. The control unit is adapted to adjust an angular displacement profile of the reflecting optical element about the first axis relative to an angular displacement profile of the scanning head such that an angular displacement of the light beam path about the first axis as a function of time presents a stair-like profile. The EDM unit is adapted to determine a distance to a target during a flat portion of the stair-like profile. 1. A total station comprising: a reflecting optical element mounted in the center unit and rotatable about an axis, wherein the rotation of the reflecting optical element determines positions scanned at a surface of a target by the total station in a scanning mode;', 'a radiation source adapted to emit light to be output along an output light beam path from the total station via light reflection against the reflecting optical element; and', 'a receiver adapted to receive light entering the total station along an input light beam path; and, 'a center unit, the center unit comprisingan electronic distance measurement (EDM) unit adapted to determine a distance to a position at the target based on a signal representative of light received at the receiver.2. The total station of claim 1 , wherein the center unit further comprises an optical element arranged in the output light beam path claim 1 , wherein the reflecting optical element is optically located between the radiation source and the optical element.3. The total station of claim 2 , ...

LOW-IMPACT COLLISION DETECTION

In general, techniques are described by which a computing system detects low-impact collisions. A computing system includes at least one processor and memory. The memory includes instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to determine whether an object collided with a vehicle based on a comparison of data received from at least one motion sensor configured to measure at least an acceleration of the vehicle and data received from a plurality of level sensors, wherein each level sensor is configured to measure a relative position between a body of the vehicle and a respective wheel of a plurality of wheels of the vehicle. Execution of the instructions further causes the at least one processor to perform one or more actions in response to determining that the object collided with the vehicle. 1. A computing system comprising:at least one processor; determine whether an object collided with a vehicle based on a comparison of data received from at least one motion sensor configured to measure at least an acceleration of the vehicle and data received from a plurality of level sensors, wherein each level sensor is configured to measure a relative position between a body of the vehicle and a respective wheel of a plurality of wheels of the vehicle; and', 'perform one or more actions in response to determining that the object collided with the vehicle., 'a memory comprising instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to2. The computing system of claim 1 , wherein execution of the instructions causes the at least one processor to determine whether the object collided with the vehicle by at least causing the at least one processor to:determine a first value of a motion parameter based on the data received from the at least one motion sensor, wherein the at least one motion sensor includes an accelerometer;determine a second value of the motion parameter based on the data received from the plurality of level sensors; anddetermine ...

GRAVITY-INDUCED POSITION OFFSET TRACKING FOR DYNAMIC MANAGEMENT OF HAPTIC MODULE MECHANICAL OFFSET

Disclosed is a system, method and apparatus for dynamic management of haptic module mechanical offset with gravity-induced position offset tracking. In an embodiment, a method comprises: determining, by a processor, a gravity-induced position offset of a mass in a haptic module; generating, by the processor, a position command for moving the mass from a sensor reference position to a mechanical resting position based at least in part on the gravity-induced position offset; and moving, by a closed-loop controller, the mass from the sensor reference position to the mechanical resting position in accordance with the position command. 1. A method comprising:determining, by a processor, a gravity-induced position offset of a mass in a haptic module;generating, by the processor, a position command for moving the mass from a sensor reference position to a mechanical resting position based at least in part on the gravity-induced position offset; andmoving, by a closed-loop controller, the mass from the sensor reference position to the mechanical resting position in accordance with the position command.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the gravity-induced position offset comprises:determining a gravitational acceleration of the mass;determining an angular frequency of the mass;determining the gravity-induced position offset based on the gravitational acceleration and the angular frequency; andfiltering, by a low-pass filter, the gravity-induced position offset.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the gravity-induced position offset comprises:determining a position error from a measured position of the mass and the position command;estimating the gravity-induced position offset using accumulated integrator voltage output by an integral correction loop of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller;adding the estimated gravity-induced position offset to the position error;providing as input the added estimated gravity-induced position offset and ...

Photometric Apparatus And Measurement Control Program

A photometric apparatus includes a photosensor portion that receives light and performs a measuring operation for acquiring predetermined photometric data relating to the received light, a tilt sensor portion that detects a tilt angle with respect to a predetermined reference plane, and a measurement control portion that determines a tilt state of the photosensor portion based upon the tilt angle, and executes a measurement control process for specifying the photometric data acquired by the photosensor portion as effective photometric data, when the tilt state satisfies a predetermined condition.

System and Method for Remote-Controlled Leveling

A remotely controlled vehicle that can carry a laser detector or other survey equipment that can be wirelessly controlled from a piece of heavy equipment. A particular embodiment can be used to dig out level basements to a predetermined grade by placing a laser emitter on a support on the floor of the dig and maneuvering the remotely controlled vehicle carrying a laser detector from the cab of the digging equipment so that an entire basement dig can be dug out accurately level by a single person. 1. A method for digging out a hole with a piece of digging equipment to an exact grade level comprising:placing a laser emitter on a support near grade level;placing a laser detector on a remotely-controlled vehicle with wheels so that said laser detector indicates when said wheels are at grade level;mounting a control unit for said remotely-controlled vehicle in said digging equipment in proximity to an equipment operator position;permitting an equipment operator to maneuver said remotely-controlled vehicle to any position in said hole to check for grade level as said digging progresses.2. The method of wherein said laser detector emits a green light signal when the wheels of said remotely-controlled vehicle are at grade level.3. The method of wherein said laser detector emits a red light signal when the wheels of said remotely-controlled vehicle are not at grade level.4. The method of further comprising mounting safety lights on said remotely-controlled vehicle that light when said vehicle is moving.5. The method of wherein said laser detector emits a first signal when the wheels of said remotely-controlled vehicle are at grade level and a second signal when they are not.6. A method for digging out a hole with a piece of digging equipment to an exact grade level comprising:placing a laser emitter on a support near grade level;placing a laser detector on a remotely-controlled vehicle so that said laser detector indicates when said vehicle is a predetermined height above ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TILT SENSING USING ECCENTRIC MOTOR

Systems, apparatus and methods are presented for sensing or estimating a tilt angle, in which a current flowing in an eccentric mass motor is sensed, and a detector circuit assesses the amplitude of a synchronous component of the motor current and provides an output signal or value indicating a tilt angle relative to a gravitational axis at least partially according to the amplitude of the synchronous component of the motor current. 1. A tilt sensor apparatus , comprising:a sensor for sensing a motor current flowing in an associated motor having a rotor supporting an eccentric mass as the rotor is rotated about a rotor axis, the sensor providing a sensor output signal representing the motor current; anda tilt angle detector circuit for detecting a tilt angle of the motor, the tilt angle detector circuit including a detector circuit input coupled to receive the sensor output signal from the sensor, and a detector circuit output for providing a tilt angle output signal or value representing a tilt angle of the rotor axis relative to a gravitational axis based at least partially on an amplitude of a synchronous component of the motor current.2. The tilt sensor apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detector circuit comprises:a synchronous demodulator operative to selectively demodulate the sensor output signal to provide at least one demodulator output signal representing the amplitude of the synchronous component of the motor current; anda second circuit providing the tilt angle output signal or value based at least partially on the at least one demodulator output signal.3. The tilt sensor apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the second circuit comprises a processor with an analog to digital converter receiving first and second quadrature demodulator output signals claim 2 , the processor operative to compute an amplitude value representing an absolute value of the synchronous component of the motor current according to the first and second quadrature demodulator output signals ...

DISPLAY SYSTEM OF WORKING MACHINE AND WORKING MACHINE

A display system of a working machine includes: a tilt sensor that detects a pitch angle and a roll angle of a working machine; a calculation unit that calculates a tilting position on polar coordinates that indicates a magnitude and a direction of tilt of the working machine based on the detected pitch angle and roll angle; a display unit that displays various kinds of information; a display processing unit that displays, on a predetermined region on a display screen of the display unit, a monitor-displayed level that performs a polar coordinate display of the tilting position and a marked line indicating a preset magnitude of tilt; and a setting processing unit that performs a setting to change display content of the monitor-displayed level. 1. A display system of a working machine , the system comprising:a tilt sensor that detects a pitch angle and a roll angle of a working machine;a calculation unit that calculates a tilting position on polar coordinates that indicates a magnitude and a direction of tilt of the working machine based on the detected pitch angle and roll angle;a display unit that displays various kinds of information;a display processing unit that displays, on a predetermined region on a display screen of the display unit, a monitor-displayed level that performs a polar coordinate display of the tilting position and a marked line indicating a preset magnitude of tilt; anda setting processing unit that performs a setting to change display content of the monitor-displayed level.2. The display system of a working machine according to claim 1 , wherein the setting processing unit includes a marked line setting processing unit that performs a setting to change a magnitude of tilt indicated by the marked line.3. The display system of a working machine according to claim 1 , wherein the setting processing unit includes a magnification setting processing unit that performs a setting to change a display magnification of the magnitude of tilt displayed on a ...

WHEEL SPEED AND DIRECTION SENSOR

A variable inductor direction sensor may include a rotatable body having a first circumferential tooth array and a stationary body having a second circumferential tooth array. The second circumferential tooth array may be concentric with the first circumferential tooth array. The rotatable body may be disposed relative to the stationary body such that one of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array circumscribes the other of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array. Further, at least one of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array has a non-uniform circumferential geometry. 1. A variable inductor direction sensor comprising:a rotatable body comprising a first circumferential tooth array; anda stationary body comprising a second circumferential tooth array concentric with the first circumferential tooth array;wherein the rotatable body is disposed relative to the stationary body such that one of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array circumscribes the other of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array;wherein at least one of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array comprises a non-uniform circumferential geometry.2. The variable inductor direction sensor of claim 1 , wherein the non-uniform circumferential geometry comprises at least one of an asymmetrical tooth geometry and an irregular sequential pattern of teeth along at least a circumferential portion of the at least one of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array.3. The variable inductor direction sensor of claim 2 , wherein the other of the first circumferential tooth array and the second circumferential tooth array comprises a uniform circumferential geometry.4. The variable inductor direction sensor of claim 1 , wherein the one of ...

LASER LEVELING NAVIGATION APPARATUS AND SYSTEM

Two or more laser leveling apparatuses are joined together to form a composite laser leveling apparatus. Lasers are affixed to the composite apparatus for illuminating a laser line on a surface providing guidance for Ultraviolet (UV) curing of a UV coating applied to the surface during operation of a UV curing device. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a first laser level apparatus configured for holding a first laser; anda second laser level apparatus configured for holding a second laser;wherein the first laser level apparatus is attachable to the second laser level apparatus to form the apparatus.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first laser is adjustable to a position along a length of a top of the first laser level apparatus and the second laser is adjustable to a position on a length of a top of the second laser level apparatus.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a length of the apparatus is adjustable to a surface length of a surface by attaching additional laser apparatus to the first laser level apparatus or the second laser level apparatus.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is adapted to rest on a horizontal surface to illuminate the first and second lasers onto the surface.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is adapted to be affixed to a vertical surface to illuminate the first and second lasers onto a horizontal surface.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first laser level apparatus includes a male end and a female end claim 1 , and wherein the second laser level apparatus includes a male end and a female end.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first laser level apparatus is attached form the male end of the first laser level apparatus to the female end of the second laser level apparatus.8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first laser level apparatus is detachable from the second laser level apparatus.9. A system claim 1 , comprising:a first composite laser leveling apparatus having a first ...

ENHANCED POWER TRANSMISSION TOWER CONDITION MONITORING SYSTEM FOR OVERHEAD POWER SYSTEMS

A power transmission tower condition monitoring system includes a plurality of sensors configured to be positioned at a plurality of separate locations on the power transmission tower. The plurality of sensors includes at least one tilt sensor, at least one shock sensor, and at least one vibration sensor. One or more detectors are configured to receive intensity value data from the plurality of sensors. A computing device is coupled to the one or more detectors and includes a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor executes programmed instructions stored in the memory to receive the intensity value data from the one or more detectors. A current operational health for the power transmission tower is determined based on the received intensity value data. A method for monitoring a condition of a power transmission tower using the power transmission tower condition monitoring system is also disclosed. 1. A power transmission tower condition monitoring system comprising:a plurality of sensors configured to be positioned at a plurality of separate locations on a power transmission tower, wherein the plurality of sensors comprises at least one tilt sensor, at least one shock sensor, and at least one vibration sensor;one or more detectors configured to receive intensity value data from the plurality of sensors; and receive the intensity value data from the one or more detectors; and', 'determine, based on the received intensity value data, a current operational health for the power transmission tower., 'a computing device coupled to the one or more detectors, the computing device comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the processor executes programmed instructions stored in the memory to2. The system as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprise optical claim 1 , electrical claim 1 , or opto-electronic sensors claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The system as set forth in claim 1 , further ...

MEASURING APPARATUS, MEASURING METHOD AND RECORDING MEDIUM

The attitude of an excavating part during excavation is accurately measured. A measuring apparatus of the present invention executes an attitude estimating processing and a phase correction amount calculating processing. The phase correction amount calculating processing calculates an offset between a gravity tool face and a magnetic force tool face, and sets the calculated offset as an estimated offset. The attitude estimating processing sets the gravity tool face based on the acceleration data as a measured gravity tool face, the magnetic force tool face based on the magnetic field data as a measured magnetic force tool face, a difference between an offset between the measured gravity tool face and the measured magnetic force tool face and the estimated offset as a phase correction amount, and data obtained by correcting the magnetic field data with the phase correction amount as corrected magnetic field data, and determines the attitude based on the acceleration data and the corrected magnetic field data. 1. A measuring apparatus for determining an attitude by using acceleration data output from an acceleration sensor having at least three axes and magnetic field data output from a magnetic sensor having at least three axes , the acceleration sensor and the magnetic sensor being arranged in an excavating part of an underground excavator , the measuring apparatus comprising:a processing circuitry which executesan attitude estimating processing for determining an attitude of the excavating part based on the acceleration data and the magnetic field data; anda phase correction amount calculating processing for calculating an offset between a gravity tool face and a magnetic force tool face, and setting the calculated offset as an estimated offset, whereinthe attitude estimating processing sets the gravity tool face based on the acceleration data as a measured gravity tool face, the magnetic force tool face based on the magnetic field data as a measured magnetic force ...

JELLYFISH-INSPIRED TILT SENSOR AND ARTIFICIAL MESOGLEA

Components of an unmanned undersea vehicle are inspired by jellyfish that uses its flexible body and tilt sensing to achieve efficient swimming and turning. A tilt sensor, based on a statocyst, has a metal ball in a chamber lined with resistors. The tilt is sensed in accordance with which resistors the ball contacts. A composition of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel with ferritin particles dispersed therein mimics the qualities of a jellyfish's mesoglea. 1. A tilt sensor for sensing a tilt angle , the tilt sensor comprising:a support defining a cavity;a plurality of electrical elements surrounding the cavity; anda conductive object disposed in the cavity so as to move within the cavity in accordance with the tilt angle to change an electrical property of the tilt sensor to allow sensing of the tilt angle.2. The tilt sensor of claim 1 , wherein the conductive object is in electrical contact with at least two of the electrical elements to form an electrical connection between the at least two of the electrical elements claim 1 , and wherein the electrical property comprises the electrical connection.3. The tilt sensor of claim 2 , wherein the electrical elements comprise resistors claim 2 , capacitors or resonators.4. The tilt sensor of claim 3 , wherein the electrical elements further comprise a base plate claim 3 , and wherein the electrical connection is between the base plate and at least one of the electrical elements such as resistors.5. The tilt sensor of claim 3 , wherein the resistors are connected in series claim 3 , and wherein an electrical output of the tilt sensor increases linearly with the tilt angle.6. The tilt sensor of claim 1 , wherein the cavity is circular in two-dimensions or a geometrical chamber such as cube or sphere in three-dimensions.7. A method for sensing a tilt angle claim 1 , the method comprising:(a) providing a tilt sensor comprising a support defining a cavity, a plurality of electrical elements surrounding the cavity, and a conductive ...

Safe Measure

A surface measuring device to measure any dimension of a structure or surface is disclosed. The surface measuring device comprises a housing configured to have a distance measuring module having an array of laser elements and a plurality of sensors to measure a distance to a plane and an angle it exists off horizontal surface. A user interface in the device allows a user to choose the surface to measure the height and width to calculate the area of the surface. An angular position measuring module integrated with the distance measuring module, comprises an electronic inclinometer and an accelerometer to calculate required dimensions. Further, the device comprises a display to facilitate a menu driven method for the user to input and output the required measurements.

Tilt Angle Measuring Device

The invention provides a tilt angle measuring device, which comprises a discoid container for including a liquid forming a free liquid surface, a light emitting source for allowing a detection light to enter the free liquid surface, a photodetector for receiving the detection light reflected on the free liquid surface and a signal processing unit for detecting a tilt of the free liquid surface based on a detection signal from the photodetector, wherein the signal processing unit sets a detection light storage time of the photodetector so that an error incidence rate of the detection signal is a predetermined value. 1. A tilt angle measuring device comprising; a discoid container for including a liquid forming a free liquid surface , a light emitting source for allowing a detection light to enter said free liquid surface , a photodetector for receiving the detection light reflected on said free liquid surface and a signal processing unit for detecting a tilt of said free liquid surface based on a detection signal from said photodetector , wherein said signal processing unit sets a detection light storage time of said photodetector so that an error incidence rate of the detection signal is a predetermined value.2. The tilt angle measuring device according to claim 1 , further comprising a tilt pattern claim 1 , wherein a tilt pattern image is projected on said free liquid surface claim 1 , said photodetector receives said tilt pattern image reflected on said free liquid surface claim 1 , a tilt of said free liquid surface is detected based on a displacement of said tilt pattern image claim 1 , and wherein said tilt pattern has a roughness capable of recognizing said tilt pattern image when said tilt pattern image deviates due to a micro vibration of said free liquid surface.3. The tilt angle measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein said container has claim 1 , on a bottom portion claim 1 , a groove which is formed concentrically with a center of said container ...

Measuring Device

The present invention provides a measuring device, which comprises a leveling unit, a measuring device main body provided on the leveling unit, a control unit, a first tilt angle measuring device for detecting a horizontality with high accuracy, and a second tilt angle measuring device for detecting a tilt angle in a wider range than a range of the first tilt angle measuring device and having a higher responsiveness than a responsiveness of the first tilt angle measuring device, wherein the control unit, the first tilt angle measuring device and the second tilt angle measuring device are provided in the measuring device main body and wherein the control unit drives the leveling unit based on a detection result of the second tilt angle measuring device, performs a rough leveling until a tilt angle detected by the second tilt angle measuring device reaches within a range in which the first tilt angle measuring device is capable of detecting and levels the measuring device main body horizontally based on a detection result of the first tilt angle measuring device.

LASER SCANNER

Provided is a laser scanner including an electronic level unit and a scanner unit. The electronic level unit includes a telescope and a level housing and is configured to measure a height of and a distance to a leveling staff. The scanner unit includes a distance measuring unit for performing distance measurement with distance-measuring light, a turning mirror for rotating and irradiating the distance-measuring light in a vertical direction, a vertical rotation driving unit for rotating the turning mirror, and a horizontal rotation driving unit for integrally rotating the electronic level unit and the scanner unit in a horizontal direction. The scanner unit is configured to acquire an instrument height by irradiating a ground surface with the distance-measuring light while acquiring point cloud data by scanning the distance-measuring light in a measurement range. The turning mirror has a rotation axis arranged parallel to a collimation optical axis of the telescope. 1. A laser scanner comprising an electronic level unit and a scanner unit ,the electronic level unit including a telescope and a level housing that houses the telescope, being configured to acquire an image of an electronic level leveling staff collimated with the telescope, and measuring a height of the leveling staff at a collimation position and a distance to the leveling staff, andthe scanner unit including a distance measuring unit configured to perform distance measurement by emitting distance-measuring light and receiving reflected light from a measurement target, a turning mirror configured to rotate and irradiate the distance-measuring light in a vertical direction, and a vertical rotation driving unit configured to rotate and drive the turning mirror, a horizontal rotation driving unit configured to integrally rotate and drive the electronic level unit and the scanner unit in a horizontal direction, and a horizontal angle detector and a vertical angle detector for detecting a direction angle of ...

Surface Leveling Apparatus

A method and apparatus to adjust the angle of a surface is disclosed. The apparatus includes a measuring device having hardware components capable of generating a measurement of the position of the measuring device relative to the earth's gravity and circuitry capable of communicating the measurement to a controller and at least one electro-mechanical device capable of displacing the surface connected to the controller. The surface may be a bed and the present invention is particularly useful when the surface is a bed in a camper van. When the camper van is parked on a hill, the present invention provides a convenient method for making the bed inside the camper van level, or at an angle preferred by the user, for comfortable sleeping. 1) An apparatus for adjusting the angle of a surface comprising:a measuring device having hardware components capable of generating a measurement of the position of the measuring device relative to the earth's gravity and circuitry capable of communicating the measurement to a controller,a controller, andat least one electro-mechanical device capable of displacing a surface connected to the controller.2) The apparatus of wherein the measuring device is a cell phone.3) The apparatus of wherein the electro-mechanical device is selected from the group of a linear actuator claim 1 , a hydraulic cylinder claim 1 , a pump and bladder claim 1 , a motorized pulley claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4) The apparatus of wherein the hardware components are and gyroscope claim 1 , a accelerometer claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5) The apparatus of wherein the controller is a single board microcontroller.6) The apparatus of wherein the circuitry capable of communicating the measurement to a controller utilizes a wireless protocol.7) The apparatus of wherein the wireless protocol is selected from bluetooth claim 6 , Wi-Fi claim 6 , 4G claim 6 , 5G and combinations thereof.8) An apparatus for adjusting the angle of a surface comprising:a surface,a ...

TILT SENSOR FOR A DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE TILT OF A DEVICE

The invention relates to a tilt sensor for a device, comprising a tank receiving a flowable medium, wherein the position of the medium relative to the tank depends on the tilt, and the tank comprises a polygonal, in particular triangular, or an elliptical, in particular circular base, a source of electromagnetic radiation for generating projections of at least one part of a boundary of the medium, at least two detectors for detecting one of the projections, respectively, and for converting same into signals, wherein the detectors each comprise a detecting direction and the detecting directions of the detectors are disposed at angles to each other, and further comprising an analysis unit for determining the tilt in two axes from the signals of the at least two detectors, wherein the tilt is determined jointly for the two axes from a combination of the signals. 115-. (canceled)16. A tilt sensor for a device , comprising:a container holding a flowable medium, the position of the medium relative to the container being tilt-dependent and the container having a polygonal base surface;a source of electromagnetic radiation for generating projections of at least a part of an interface of the medium;at least two detectors for respectively recording one of the projections and for conversion into signals, the detectors respectively having a recording direction and the recording directions of the detectors being arranged at an angle to one another; andan evaluation unit for determining the tilt in two axes from the signals of the at least two detectors, wherein the tilt for the two axes is determined jointly from a combination of the signals.17. The tilt sensor as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the container has a triangular claim 16 , base surface.18. The tilt sensor as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the container has a circular claim 16 , base surface.19. The tilt sensor as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the detectors are arranged with their recording directions parallel to the ...

OPTICAL SCANNER APPARATUS AND OPTICAL SCANNER CONTROL APPARATUS

An optical scanner apparatus includes first and second torsion beams which support a mirror support portion supporting a mirror from both sides in an axial direction; first and second horizontal driving beams configured to include first and second horizontal driving sources, respectively, a connecting beam; a first piezo-electric sensor; first and second sensor interconnects connected to one of and the other of an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the first piezo-electric sensor, respectively, the first sensor interconnect and the second sensor interconnect being formed to extend toward the first horizontal driving beam and the second horizontal driving beam, respectively. 1. An optical scanner apparatus comprising:a mirror;a mirror support portion which supports the mirror;a torsion beam which supports the mirror support portion in an axial direction around which the mirror support portion is oscillated by torsion of the torsion beam;a driving source for oscillating the mirror and the mirror support portion;a piezo-electric sensor configured to detect a displacement when the mirror is being oscillated by a driving voltage applied to the driving source;a sensor interconnect connected to the piezo-electric sensor; anda guard pattern connected to a ground terminal and provided between the driving source and the sensor interconnect.2. The optical scanner apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the driving source is a horizontal driving source for oscillating the mirror and the mirror support portion around the axial direction, andwherein the piezo-electric sensor is configured to detect a displacement by an oscillation of the torsion beam around the axial direction when the mirror is being oscillated by the driving voltage applied to the horizontal driving source.3. The optical scanner apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising:a vertical driving source for oscillating the mirror and the mirror support portion in a direction perpendicular to the axial ...

PELVIC TILT DETECTING CHAIR

A pelvic tilt detecting chair is provided to a user to sit and configured to detect a pelvic angle of the pelvis of the user in sitting position. The pelvic tilt detecting chair comprises a base, a supporting component, a carrying component and a detector. The base has a horizontal surface. The supporting component comprises a first end connected to the base and a second end. The carrying component is moveably configured and comprises an installing surface coupled to the second end and a chair surface configured to contact the pelvis of the user. The chair surface and the horizontal surface form a tilt angle when the user sits on the carrying component. The detector stores a tilt angle threshold value and is configured to the carrying component to detect the tilt angle. The detector generates a warning signal when the tilt angle is not matched up with the tilt angle threshold value. 1. A pelvic tilt detecting chair , configured for a user to sit thereon and to detect a pelvic angle of the pelvis of the user in sitting position , the pelvic tilt detecting chair comprising:a base comprising a horizontal surface;a supporting component comprising a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and the first end being connected to the base;a carrying component moveably disposed on the supporting component and configured to carry the pelvis of the user, the carrying component comprising an installing surface and a chair surface opposite to the installing surface, the installing surface being coupled to the second end of the supporting component, causing the carrying component to swing with the second end as a fulcrum, the chair surface being configured to contact the pelvis, a tilt angle being formed between the chair surface and the horizontal surface of the base when the user sits on the carry component, wherein the tilt angle corresponds to the pelvic angle of the user; anda detector disposed on the carrying component, the detector being configured to detect ...

PROJECTION APPARATUS, INSTALLED STATE DETECTION METHOD AND MEDIUM

The present invention aims to make it possible to detect deterioration of a housing of a projection apparatus and to notify a user of the deterioration of the housing. A projection apparatus includes at least one processor and an acceleration sensor which detects an inclination of the projection apparatus, in which the processor performs the processes of acquiring a difference between i) a first detection value which is detected by the acceleration sensor in a case where the projection apparatus is installed on an installation surface and ii) a second value which is detected by the acceleration sensor at a time which comes after the installation of the projection apparatus with the projection apparatus on the installation surface, and in a case where the difference becomes more than a threshold value, controlling to notify a warning at a predetermined timing by functioning as a notification unit or to stop functions of the projection apparatus. 1. A projection apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andan acceleration sensor which detects an inclination of the projection apparatus, whereinthe processor performs the processes ofacquiring a difference between i) a first detection value which is detected by the acceleration sensor in a case where the projection apparatus is installed on an installation surface and ii) a second detection value which is detected by the acceleration sensor at a time which comes after the installation of the projection apparatus with the projection apparatus on the instruction surface, andin a case where the difference becomes more than a threshold value, controlling to notify a warning at a predetermined timing by functioning as a notification unit or to stop functions of the projection apparatus.2. The projection apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe processorsets a detection value which is detected by the acceleration sensor at the first start-up time which comes after installation of the projection apparatus on the ...

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING ANGLE ADJUSTMENT OF A HOOKSPANNER WRENCH TO ACCURATELY TIGHTEN A BEARING ONTO A SHAFT HAVING A THREADED AND A TAPERED PORTION

A system for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench to accurately tighten a bearing onto a shaft having a threaded and tapered portion. The system including a device providing a hookspanner wrench having a lever arm and an engaging portion, the engaging portion of the hookspanner wrench configured to engage a bearing locking nut, the lever arm configured to mount a storage clamping device fixed thereto, a smartphone secured in place by the storage clamping device, and a specialized application stored on the smartphone that provides a built-in inclinometer and look up data tables. A method for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench to accurately tighten a bearing onto a shaft having a threaded and tapered portion as well. 1. A device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench to accurately tighten a bearing onto a shaft having a threaded and tapered portion , the device comprising;a hookspanner wrench having a lever arm and an engaging portion, the engaging portion configured to engage a bearing locking nut, the lever arm configured to mount a storage clamping device fixed thereto,a smartphone secured in place by the storage clamping device, anda specialized application stored on the smartphone that provides a built-in inclinometer and look up data tables.2. The device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench according to claim 1 , wherein the look up data tables display a correct bearing locking nut drive up angle based on a bearing type inputted into the smartphone.3. The device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench according to claim 2 , wherein when a force is applied to an outer end of the lever arm and the hookspanner wrench begins to rotate the bearing locking nut claim 2 , and wherein the inclinometer responds in real time and displays an updated locking nut drive up angle position.4. The device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench according to claim 3 , wherein the ...

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING ANGLE ADJUSTMENT OF A HOOKSPANNER WRENCH TO ACCURATELY TIGHTEN A BEARING ONTO A SHAFT HAVING AN ADAPTER SLEEVE

A system for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench to accurately tighten a bearing onto a shaft, the shaft having an adapter sleeve mounted thereon, the adapter sleeve having a threaded and tapered portion. The system including a device providing a hookspanner wrench having a lever arm and an engaging portion, the engaging portion of the hookspanner wrench configured to engage a bearing locking nut, the lever arm configured to mount a storage clamping device fixed thereto, a smartphone secured in place by the storage clamping device, and a specialized application stored on the smartphone that provides a built-in inclinometer and look up data tables. 1. A device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench to accurately tighten a bearing onto a shaft having an adapter sleeve , the device comprising;a hookspanner wrench having a lever arm and an engaging portion, the engaging portion configured to engage a bearing locking nut, the lever arm configured to mount a storage clamping device fixed thereto,a smartphone secured in place by the storage clamping device, anda specialized application stored on the smartphone that provides a built-in inclinometer and look up data tables.2. The device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench according to claim 1 , wherein the look up data tables display a correct bearing locking nut drive up angle based on a bearing type inputted into the smartphone.3. The device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench according to claim 2 , wherein when a force is applied to an outer end of the lever arm and the hookspanner wrench begins to rotate the bearing locking nut claim 2 , and wherein the inclinometer responds in real time and displays an updated locknut drive up angle position.4. The device for measuring angle adjustment of a hookspanner wrench according to claim 3 , wherein the application of force applied to the lever arm is stopped when the correct mounting angle/drive up position is ...

Device and Method for Multifunction Relative Alignment and Sensing

A tiltmeter-integrated two element relative alignment optical monitor relative alignment and contact sensing and can provide precise information regarding the nature of physical contact experienced by the objects being monitored. A computer monitor can display the information in real time, in an intuitive manner. This system can provide all the information with good resolution in a low-cost, easily installable package for both high energy physics applications and industrial uses. The system includes a projector unit mounted on one component, with a diffuse light source, a coded mask, and a lens, the projector aligned with a camera to receive the focused image. Shifts in the image of the mask indicate relative motion between the camera and the projector unit. A tiltmeter is affixed to either the camera or projector, to distinguish between image shifts due to translational movement and image shifts due to rotation or tilting. 1. A method for monitoring changes of relative position of a first object with respect to a second object the method comprising:illuminating a coded mask with a diffuse light source, such that a pattern of the coded mask is projected through a lens to a camera positioned to received a focused image of the mask from the lens,the diffuse light source, the lens, and the coded mask being components of a projector unit affixed to the first object and the camera being affixed to the second object;measuring, with a tiltmeter, an amount of tilt of the projector or camera with respect to a reference line between the projector and the camera; andmonitoring both the image of the coded mask and the amount of tilt of the projector or camera to determine changes in relative position of the first component with respect to the second component.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising: outputting tiltmeter measurements to a plotter claim 1 , digital recorder display claim 1 , or computer display for inspection.3. The method according to claim 1 , ...

TRAVELING DIRECTION STATE DETECTION DEVICE AND CART USING TRAVELING DIRECTION STATE DETECTION DEVICE

A traveling direction state detection device includes: a first distance sensor installed near a front side of the wheels in a traveling direction and configured to linearly measure a distance to a first linear position perpendicular to the traveling direction, the first linear position existing on the traveling surface diagonally downward in the traveling direction; a second distance sensor configured to linearly measure a distance to a second linear position perpendicular to the traveling direction, the second linear position existing on a traveling surface behind the traveling surface diagonally downward in the traveling direction, and ahead of ground contact points of the wheels; and a detector configured to detect a step, an inclination and an opening of the traveling surface based on an amount of change in the distances continuously measured by each of the first distance sensor and the second distance sensor at certain time intervals. 1. A traveling direction state detection device for detecting a step , an inclination and an opening of a traveling surface on which wheels travel , comprising:a first distance sensor installed near a front side of the wheels in a traveling direction and configured to linearly measure a distance to a first linear position perpendicular to the traveling direction, the first linear position existing on the traveling surface diagonally downward in the traveling direction;a second distance sensor configured to linearly measure a distance to a second linear position perpendicular to the traveling direction, the second linear position existing on a traveling surface behind the traveling surface diagonally downward in the traveling direction, and ahead of ground contact points of the wheels in the traveling direction; anda detector configured to detect a step, an inclination and an opening of the traveling surface based on an amount of change in the distances continuously measured by each of the first distance sensor and the second ...

LOAD WEIGHING METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR WHEEL LOADER

In a load weighing method for a wheel loader, an inclined angle of a ground surface on a slope where the wheel loader is working is detected. A change in a boom angle and a change in a pressure of a boom cylinder are detected while pivoting the boom and an attachment connected to the boom when a load is placed on the attachment. Weight of the load is calculated using the inclined angle of the ground surface, the change in the boom angle, and the change in the pressure of the boom cylinder as variables of a rotational dynamic equation for the pivot of the boom. 1. A load weighing method for a wheel loader , comprising:detecting a change in a boom angle and a change in a pressure of a boom cylinder while pivoting the boom and an attachment connected to the boom, wherein a load is placed on the attachment; andcalculating weight of the load by using an inclined angle of a ground surface, the change in the boom angle and the change in the pressure of the boom cylinder as variables of a rotational dynamic equation for the pivot of the boom.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising detecting the inclined angle of the ground surface on a slope where the wheel loader is working.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein detecting the inclined angle of the ground surface comprises receiving the inclined angle of the ground surface from at least one of an angle sensor included in a mobile phone and a map internet application.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein detecting the inclined angle of the ground surface comprises:detecting a change in the boom angle and a change in the pressure of the boom cylinder while pivoting the boom when no load is placed on the attachment; andcalculating the inclined angle of the ground surface using the change in the boom angle and the change in the pressure of the boom cylinder from the rotational dynamic equation for the pivot of the boom.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein detecting the inclined angle of the ground surface further comprises: ...

INCLINATION SENSOR

To eliminate influences of unnecessary reflected light other than a liquid surface in a liquid surface reflection type inclination sensor. In order to attain the object described above, an inclination sensor includes a liquid that forms a liquid surface, an illumination section, a barcode pattern to be illuminated by the illumination section, an optical system that projects the barcode pattern on the liquid surface, a light receiving element that detects the barcode pattern, a storage section that stores a detection image when the liquid surface is removed from an optical path of the optical system, and an arithmetic section that calculates an inclination angle by subtracting the detection image when the liquid surface is removed from a detection image when the liquid surface is present on the optical path of the optical system. 1. An inclination sensor comprising:a liquid that forms a liquid surface;an illumination section;a barcode pattern to be illuminated by the illumination section;an optical system that projects the barcode pattern on the liquid surface;a light receiving element that detects the barcode pattern reflected;a storage section that stores a detection image of the light receiving element when the liquid surface is removed from an optical path of the optical system; andan arithmetic section that calculates an inclination angle by subtracting a detection image when the liquid surface is removed from a detection image of the light receiving element when the liquid surface is present on the optical path of the optical system.2. The inclination sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe inclination sensor includes an illumination control section that adjusts a light amount of the illumination section,the storage section stores an illumination control value of the illumination control section for a detection image when the liquid surface is removed, andthe arithmetic section makes an illumination control value of the detection image when the liquid surface ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AN APPARATUS USING SEVERAL DISTANCE SENSORS

A method for controlling an apparatus, includes steps of: determining distance measurements of an object in a first direction, using distance sensors defining between them a second direction different from the first direction, assessing a first inclination of the object in relation to a second direction based on the distance measurements, and determining a first command of the apparatus according to the inclination assessment. 1. A method , comprising:determining distance measurements to an object in a first direction, using distance sensors aligned in a second direction different from the first direction;assessing, using processing circuitry, a first inclination of the object in relation to the second direction based on the distance measurements; anddetermining, using the processing circuitry, a first command of an apparatus based on the first inclination assessment.2. The method according to claim 1 , comprising:determining distance measurements to the object in the first direction, from distance sensors aligned in a third direction different from the first and second directions;assessing a second inclination of the object in relation to the third direction based on the distance measurements from the distance sensors aligned in the third direction, anddetermining a second command of the apparatus based on the second inclination assessment.3. The method according to claim 1 , comprising:determining a distance measurement of the object in the first direction, from a distance sensor not aligned with the distance sensors aligned in the second direction;assessing a second inclination of the object in relation to a third direction different from the first and second directions, based on the distance measurements supplied by the distance sensors; anddetermining a second command of the apparatus according to the second inclination assessment.4. The method according to wherein the distance sensors have detection axes having different orientations claim 1 , the distance ...

Monitoring Integrity of a Riser Pipe Network

Methods and systems are described for monitoring the integrity of a subsea pipeline network to transport the production fluid from a subsurface wellhead to surface facilities. More specifically, the described methods and systems are for monitoring the integrity of a riser pipe network and can include installing one or more inclinometers to the buoyancy tank and/or vertical riser structures. 1. A method for monitoring the integrity of a subsea riser system configured to lift a production fluid from a subsurface wellhead to a surface facility , the method comprising:receiving inclinometer data representing measurements from an inclinometer positioned and configured to measure tilt of a first riser system component; andevaluating integrity of the riser system based at least in part on the inclinometer data.2. A method according to so wherein the inclinometer is permanently or semi-permanently mounted to the first riser system component.3. A method according to wherein the riser system comprises:a vertical riser pipe configured to lift the production fluid from subsurface wellhead;a buoyancy tank configured to provide an upward buoyancy force thereby exerting an uplift tension to the vertical riser so as to maintain the vertical riser pipe in a vertical orientation, said upward buoyancy force influencing tilt of the first riser system component; anda flexible pipe configured to transport the production fluid from the vertical riser pipe to the surface facility.4. A method according to wherein the first riser system component is said buoyancy tank.5. A method according to wherein the first riser system component is said vertical riser pipe.6. A method according to further comprising issuing an alarm signal indicating to an operator that a loss of riser system integrity may have occurred claim 3 , wherein the issuing of the alarm is based at least in part on the evaluation of integrity of the riser system.7. A method according to further comprising:receiving at least one ...

UNDERGROUND INCLINOMETER SYSTEM

The underground inclinometer system includes a probe having a displacement measurement sensor measuring displacement of the ground, a cable controller controlling the length of a cable inserted into the ground to move the probe within an inclinometer pipe, and a ground displacement calculator calculating the displacement of the ground by using displacement measurement information measured by the probe and information on the length of the cable controlled by the cable controller. 1. An underground inclinometer system comprising:a probe comprising a displacement measurement sensor configured to measure displacement of the ground;a cable controller configured to control the length of a cable inserted into the ground to move the probe within an inclinometer pipe; anda ground displacement calculator configured to calculate the displacement of the ground by using displacement measurement information measured by the probe and information on the length of the cable controlled by the cable controller,wherein the probe comprises:a sensor power supply unit configured to supply power to the displacement measurement sensor;a displacement storage unit configured to store a displacement measurement value measured by the displacement measurement sensor; anda ground displacement measurement time information acquisition unit configured to acquire ground displacement measurement time information of the displacement measurement sensor, andthe ground displacement calculator comprises:a cable length measurement unit configured to measure the length of the cable controlled by the cable controller; anda cable length measurement time information acquisition unit configured to acquire cable length measurement time information of the cable length measurement unit.2. The underground inclinometer system of claim 1 , wherein the ground displacement calculator further comprises:a probe power supply unit configured to supply the power to the sensor power supply unit when the probe approaches ...

EYEWEAR

Eyewear having: an optical module; an input unit; a sensing unit; a storage unit that stores at least conditions that change optical properties of the optical module; and a control unit that performs electric control of the optical module, in accordance with a set mode, by using electric control. The set modes include: a first mode in which the control unit electrically controls the optical module on the basis of a condition stored in the storage unit and a detection value for the sensing unit; and a second mode in which the control unit electrically controls the optical module on the basis of instructions received by the input unit. The conditions stored in the storage unit are updated on the basis of the detection value for the sensing unit when the input unit has received an instruction in the second mode. 1. An eyewear comprising:an optical module whose optical characteristics change;an input section configured to receive an instruction from a user;a sensor section configured to detect a use condition of the optical module;a storage section configured to store at least a condition of changing the optical characteristics of the optical module; anda control section configured to change the optical characteristics of the optical module by an electric control in accordance with a setting mode, a first mode in which the control section performs the electric control on the optical module on a basis of the condition stored in the storage section and a detection value of the sensor section, and', 'a second mode in which the control section performs the electric control on the optical module on a basis of the instruction received by the input section, and', 'wherein the condition stored in the storage section is updated on a basis of a detection value of the sensor section that is obtained at a time when the input section receives an instruction in the second mode., 'wherein the setting mode includes at least'}2. The eyewear according to claim 1 , wherein in the first ...

FALL DETECTION SENSOR

A compact fall detection sensor includes a case. A magnet is housed in the case. A reed switch with a pair of reeds are integrally positioned around the central axis of the case at the bottom of the case. In an upright state, the magnet is gravitationally positioned in the longitudinal direction of the reed switch around the central axis of the curved surface of the case, each magnetic pole magnetizing the corresponding reed of the reed switch, allowing one of the reeds to be magnetized to N pole and the other reed to S pole to turn on the switch. When inclined from the upright state, the magnet slides along the curved surface of the case and deviates from the central axis, to position only one of the magnetic poles of the magnet around the central axis to turn off the reed switch. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. A fall detection sensor , comprising:a non-magnetic case mounted to an object whose fall is to be detected, the case having a hollow portion created by a recessed curved surface whose diameter increases upward around its central axis and a top surface that liquid-tightly closes the top edge of the curved surface;a magnet having magnetic poles in its longitudinal direction, or a flat disk-shaped magnet magnetized in its radial direction housed in the hollow portion created by the curved surface and the closed top face of the case;a magnetic fluid sealed in the hollow portion and magnetically attached to at least both ends of the magnetic poles of the magnet; anda reed switch arranged so that its contact comes at or around the center of the bottom of the case, whereinthe recessed curved surface has a hemisphere having a constant radius of curvature,when the object is in upright state, the central axis of the case extends in a vertical direction, the magnet whose magnetic poles are covered with the magnetic fluid is gravitationally positioned so that its magnetization direction extends approximately in parallel ...

TEXTURE AUTOMATIC MONITORING SYSTEM

A texture automatic monitoring system for measuring surface texture of a road surface compacted by a road roller is measured by texture measurement equipment mounted on the road roller. The road surface texture measurement equipment comprises a height measurement instrument disposed on the compaction roller that measures height from the road surface, a moving distance detecting instrument that generates a signal corresponding to the moving distance of the road roller, a data processing unit that calculates the moving distance of the road roller based on the moving distance detecting signal, and calculates one or more road surface property values indicating the road surface texture by using the measured value of the height acquired from the height measurement instrument and the calculated moving distance, and a displaying unit which displays the calculated road surface property value. 1. A texture automatic monitoring system for measuring a road surface texture of a road surface compacted by a road roller having a compaction roller , wherein a road surface texture measurement equipment for measuring the road surface texture is mounted on the road roller.2. The texture automatic monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the road surface texture measurement equipment comprises:a height measurement instrument disposed on the rearward of the compaction roller and measures a height from the road surface;a moving distance detecting instrument which generates a moving distance detecting signal corresponding to a moving distance of the road roller;a data processing unit which calculates the moving distance of the road roller based on the moving distance detecting signal, and calculates one or more road surface property values indicating the road surface texture by using the measured value of the height acquired from the height measurement instrument and the calculated moving distance; anda displaying unit which displays the calculated road surface property value.3. The texture ...

Method for measuring inclination of beam, drawing method, drawing apparatus, and method of manufacturing object

The present invention relates to a method for measuring inclination of a beam emitted to a substrate with respect to an optical-axis direction of an optical system for forming the beam. The method includes moving the substrate to a first height and a second height and turning the substrate about a rotational axis in the optical-axis direction. The method further includes acquiring a beam position with respect to the substrate situated at each of the first height and the second height both before and after the turning and determining the inclination of the beam based on the first height, the second height, and the beam positions.

OVERHEAD TRANSPORT SYSTEM

An overhead transport system is provided capable of absorbing abnormal vibration and determining a source of the abnormal vibration. The overhead transport system in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure includes a processor, an overhead rail, a plurality of hangers that support the overhead rail, a vibration meter measuring vibration from the overhead rail, and a damper included in each of the hangers. The processor is configured to change a property of the damper in response to a determination that the measured vibration by the vibration meter is indicative of an abnormal vibration. 1. A method of leveling an overhead rail structure for transporting a wafer cassette , comprising:determining a length for each of a plurality of hangers configured to support the overhead rail structure;leveling the rail structure by adjusting the length of the hangers; anddetermining an alignment of at least one pair of the hangers.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising: measuring vibration from the overhead rail at different locations.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the vibration is measured by a vibration meter located at each of the locations on the overhead rail structure.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the vibration meter is an Internet of Things (IoT) device configured to transmit the vibration measurement to a controller.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the determining the length of at least one of the hangers includes:measuring, by a rangefinder, a distance between the rail structure and a raceway.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the leveling the rail structure includes:adjusting the length of the hangers to different adjusted lengths.7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:measuring, by a level meter located on the rail structure, a level of the rail structure.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the level meter is an Internet of Things (IoT) device configured ...

VISUAL TOOL FOR PILOTS

Disclosed is a visual tool for determining the spatial orientation of an aircraft relative to a level plane, including a closed container constructed of a material that permits the passage of light therethrough. An indicator body is fixed within the container and viewable through the container. An indicator fluid is provided including a liquid that fills the container a selected amount. The indicator fluid presents a fluid surface that is viewable through the container and free to move within the container. When the visual tool is affixed to an aircraft the indicator body and the fluid surface are parallel to the level plane when the aircraft is level. The indicator body is moved out of the level plane and the fluid surface remains parallel to the level plane when the aircraft deviates from the level plane to generate a visual signal representative of the orientation of the aircraft. 1. A visual tool for determining the spatial orientation of an aircraft relative to a level plane , comprising:a closed container constructed of a material that permits the passage of light therethrough;an indicator body fixed within the container and viewable through the container; andan indicator fluid, the indicator fluid comprising a liquid that fills the container to a selected level, the indicator fluid presenting a fluid surface that is viewable through the container and free to move within the container,wherein when the visual tool is affixed to an aircraft, the indicator body and the fluid surface are parallel to level plane when the aircraft is level, andwherein the indicator body is moved out of the level plane and the fluid surface remains parallel to level plane when the aircraft deviates from level plane to generate a visual signal representative of the orientation of the aircraft.2. The visual tool of claim 1 , wherein the container is translucent or transparent.3. The visual tool of claim 2 , wherein the container is made out of glass or plastic.4. The visual tool of ...

HEIGHT-ADJUSTABLE LASER LEVEL APPARATUS

The present invention relates to a height-adjustable laser level apparatus, comprising: a laser-emitting part which emits laser light to indicate a vertical point at a measurement point; a case part into which the laser-emitting part is inserted and coupled to protect the laser-emitting part from external impact, and to maintain the horizontality of the laser level apparatus; and a height adjustment part which is inserted into and coupled with the upper portion of the case part to adjust the height of the laser level apparatus. The laser level apparatus is coupled with the upper portion of a scaffold or a temporary material at a construction site to maintain horizontality regardless of smoothness and horizontality level of an installation surface, thereby improving accuracy of measurement. Further, the laser level apparatus is coupled without any particular support, thereby improving portability. Also, the laser level apparatus allows height to be adjusted through a simple operation by the height control part. The laser level apparatus is coupled with the upper portion, and thus does not affect worker movement or work activities such as material transfer at the time of measurement, thereby improving workability. 1. A height-adjustable laser level apparatus comprising: a laser emission unit; a case provided therein with the laser emission unit; a height adjuster configured to adjust a height of the case provided with the laser emission unit ,wherein the case comprises a case inner space; and a light transmission hole,wherein the laser emission unit is arranged in the case inner space and comprises:a control unit driven by a battery and operated using an operation switch;two or more horizontal emission units or vertical emission units arranged on a side surface of the laser emission unit and provided therein with a laser emission member configured to receive a signal from the control unit and emit a laser beam; anda diffuser configured to defuse the laser beam along a ...

OPTICAL FIBER INCLINATION MEASUREMENT APPARATUS AND DIFFERENTIAL INCLINATION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

An optical fiber inclination measurement apparatus and a differential inclination measurement system are provided, which is related to the field of monitoring technology. The apparatus includes a supporting mechanism with a base and a base frame, a swinging mechanism with a pendulum, a cycloid, and a first reflective film is disposed on the pendulum. The measurement mechanism includes a first optical fiber, and an end surface of the first optical fiber is disposed opposite to the first reflective film. During an earthquake generating process, a landform changes and the pendulum swings, resulting in changes in displacement. The end surface of the first optical fiber together with the first reflective film form a Fabry-Perot cavity. The cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity changes before and after the landform deforms, and an angle of inclination is equal to a value obtained by dividing the cavity length variation of the Fabry-Perot cavity by the pendulum length. 1. An optical fiber inclination measurement apparatus , wherein the apparatus comprises:a supporting mechanism comprising a base and a base frame fixed onto the base;a swinging mechanism comprising a pendulum and a cycloid, wherein two ends of the cycloid are connected to the base frame and the pendulum, respectively, and a first reflective film is disposed on a side surface of the pendulum; anda first measurement mechanism comprising a first optical fiber, wherein an end surface of the first optical fiber is disposed opposite to the first reflective film.2. The optical fiber inclination measurement apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a first fine adjustment mechanism comprising a first adjustment frame and a first holding member for holding the first optical fiber claim 1 , wherein the first adjustment frame is disposed on the base claim 1 , the first holding member is fixed to the first adjustment frame claim 1 , and the first adjustment frame adjusts an initial ...

Tilt Detecting Device

A tilt detecting device comprising, a light source for projecting a pattern, a liquid component having a free liquid surface and for rear-surface reflecting by the free liquid surface, a photodetection element for photodetecting a reflection image of the rear-surface reflected pattern, and an arithmetic processing unit, wherein the arithmetic processing unit is adapted to scan a predetermined range of a photodetection surface of the photodetection element as many times as required and performs averaging processing to a photodetection signal as detected and calculates a barycentric position of the pattern based on signals subjected to averaging processing. 1. A tilt detecting device comprising , a light source for projecting a pattern , a liquid component having a free liquid surface and for rear-surface reflecting by said free liquid surface , a photodetection element for photodetecting a reflection image of said rear-surface reflected pattern , and an arithmetic processing unit , wherein said arithmetic processing unit is adapted to scan a predetermined range of a photodetection surface of said photodetection element as many times as required and performs averaging processing to a photodetection signal as detected and calculates a barycentric position of said pattern based on signals subjected to averaging processing.2. A tilt detecting device according to claim 1 , wherein said arithmetic processing unit scans circularly around a point set in advance as a center on said photodetection element.3. A tilt detecting device according to claim 2 , wherein said arithmetic processing unit scans around a barycenter claim 2 , as a center claim 2 , obtained by a calculation with different radiuses claim 2 , respectively.4. A tilt detecting device according to claim 1 , wherein said pattern comprises at least two small patterns disposed point-symmetrically with respect to said barycenter of said pattern.5. A tilt detecting device according to claim 4 , wherein said arithmetic ...

HYDRAULIC HAMMER

A hydraulic hammer for a working machine configured for digging a surface includes a housing, a chisel, sensors, and a controller. The housing is coupled to the working machine. The chisel is partially enclosed by the housing and extendable from the housing for digging the surface at a contact location. Each of the sensors is configured for generating a signal indicative of a projecting distance between one of the sensors and the surface. The controller is configured for receiving the signals, determining an angle between the chisel and a plane substantially tangent to the contact location, and reorienting the chisel so that the chisel is substantially orthogonal to the contact location with the angle at substantially ninety degrees. 1. A hydraulic hammer for a working machine configured for digging a surface , the hydraulic hammer comprising:a housing coupled to the working machine;a chisel partially enclosed by the housing and extendable from the housing for digging the surface at a contact location; anda plurality of sensors, each of which is configured for generating a signal indicative of a projecting distance between one of the plurality of sensors and the surface; anda controller configured for receiving the signals, determining an angle between the chisel and a plane substantially tangent to the contact location, and reorienting the chisel so that the chisel is substantially orthogonal to the contact location with the angle at substantially ninety degrees.2. The hydraulic hammer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprise a first sensor configured for generating a first signal indicative of a first projecting distance between the first sensor and the surface claim 1 , and a second sensor configured for generating a second signal indicative of a second projecting distance between the second sensor and the surface.3. The hydraulic hammer of claim 2 , wherein the housing comprises a bottom surface comprising an aperture through which the chisel is ...

Leveling Sensor, Load Port Including the Same, and Method of Leveling a Load Port

A leveling sensor, a load port including a leveling sensor, and a method of leveling a load port using a load port are disclosed. In an embodiment, a sensor includes an accelerometer configured to detect leveling and vibration of a load port and produce a plurality of data; a plurality of indicator lights configured to display a level measurement and a level direction based on the leveling of the load port; a processor configured to process the data produced by the accelerometer; and a wired connection configured to connect the processor to an external device. 1. A load port comprising:a pod support configured to hold a semiconductor wafer transport pod;a load port door through which the semiconductor wafer transport pod is transported; anda load port leveling sensor, the load port leveling sensor comprising an accelerometer configured to measure the leveling of the load port, the load port leveling sensor being disposed on an exterior of the load port directly on the pod support.2. The load port of claim 1 , wherein the load port leveling sensor further comprises a plurality of indicator lights indicating the leveling of the load port.3. The load port of claim 1 , wherein the load port leveling sensor further comprises a speaker configured to sound a warning based on the leveling of the of the load port.4. The load port of claim 1 , wherein the accelerometer is further configured to measure vibration of the load port.5. The load port of claim 1 , further comprising a load port computer connected to the load port leveling sensor and configured to receive feedback data from the load port leveling sensor indicating the leveling of the load port.6. The load port of claim 5 , wherein the load port computer is connected to the load port leveling sensor using a wired connection.7. The load port of claim 5 , wherein the load port computer is connected to the load port leveling sensor using a wireless connection.8. A sensor comprising:an accelerometer configured to produce ...

Levelness detecting device and method, levelness adjusting device and method

The present disclosure discloses a levelness detecting device and method, and a levelness adjusting device and method. The levelness detecting device comprises a light emitter, a semi-reflecting, semi-transmitting mirror, and a plurality of reflecting mirrors comprising a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror and a third reflecting mirror. The semi-reflecting, semi-transmitting mirror and the plurality of reflecting mirrors are arranged on a to-be-detected plane and are each provided with a scale indicative of a height.

INCLINATION DETECTION IN TWO-WHEELERS

A method for operating a vehicle equipped with a surroundings sensor system is provided. In the method, at least one preceding and/or oncoming two-wheeler is detected at least as a function of data of the surroundings sensor system. In addition, an angle of inclination of the two-wheeler is ascertained at least as a function of data of the surroundings sensor system and a movement path of the two-wheeler is predicted based on the ascertained angle of inclination. The operation of the vehicle takes place in this case based on the predicted movement path. 1. A method for operating a vehicle equipped with a surroundings sensor system , the method comprising:detecting at least one of a preceding and an oncoming two-wheeler, the detecting being based on data of the surroundings sensor system;ascertaining an angle of inclination of the two-wheeler at least as a function of data of the surroundings sensor system;predicting a movement path of the two-wheeler based on the ascertained angle of inclination; andoperating the vehicle based on the predicted movement path.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein an optical flow is ascertained on the basis of image sequences recorded with the aid of the surroundings sensor system to detect the two wheeler claim 1 , the surrounding sensor system including a camera.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein a proper motion of the vehicle is taken into consideration in the ascertaining of the angle of inclination.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the angle of inclination is ascertained based on at least two reference points on the two-wheeler claim 1 , which are detected by the surroundings sensor system.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the surroundings sensor system includes a camera claim 1 , and specific pixels of a digital image recorded using the camera are associated with the two-wheeler to ascertain the angle of inclination.6. The method as recited in claim 5 , wherein a mean column value of the ...

HEADLAMP LEVELING SYSTEM AND METHOD

A motor vehicle according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a sensor, a headlamp, and a controller configured to adjust an aim of the headlamp based on a signal from the sensor. The controller is configured to account for a zero drift of the sensor. A method is also disclosed. 1. A motor vehicle , comprising:a sensor;a headlamp; anda controller configured to adjust an aim of the headlamp based on a signal from the sensor, the controller configured to account for a zero drift of the sensor.2. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to account for the zero drift of the sensor brought about by a change in an environmental condition of the sensor.3. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 2 , wherein the environmental condition of the sensor is a temperature.4. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to determine the zero drift of the sensor associated with a particular temperature by referencing a lookup table.5. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 1 , wherein the zero drift of the sensor is brought about by degradation of the sensor over time.6. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 1 , wherein the sensor is configured to generate a signal indicative of a pitch of the motor vehicle.7. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 6 , wherein the controller is configured to interpret signals from the sensor as corresponding to changes in pitch brought about by a change in road angle or by a change in vehicle load.8. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 6 , wherein the controller interprets a change in pitch when a velocity of the motor vehicle slows to zero as a reference road angle.9. The motor vehicle as recited in claim 8 , wherein claim 8 , when the motor vehicle is stopped claim 8 , the controller interprets a change in pitch relative to the reference road angle as a change in pitch brought about by a change in vehicle load.10. The motor vehicle as ...

TILT SENSOR WITH ZERO POSITION INDICATION

A tilt sensor with zero position indication for indicating a predetermined zero position, including an indication device with an optical indication means and a control unit for actuating the indication device, wherein the indication device is configured to transmit a set first signal from an optical indication means in the zero position and to transmit a set second signal from the optical indication means in a position deviating from the zero position, wherein the second signal comprises an item of information about an extent of the deviation of the position deviating from the zero position, and wherein the optical indication means consists of only one light source. 1. A tilt sensor with zero position indication for indicating a predetermined zero position , comprising:an indication device with an optical indication means; and the indication device is configured to transmit a set first signal from an optical indication means in the zero position and to transmit a set second signal from the optical indication means in a position deviating from the zero position,', 'the second signal comprises an item of information about an extent of the deviation of the position deviating from the zero position, and', 'the optical indication means consists of only one light source., 'a control unit for actuating the indication device, wherein2. The tilt sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the item of information about the extent of the deviation is provided in the form of a flashing frequency and/or of a colour and/or of a variable duty cycle and/or of a brightness impression of the optical indication means.3. The tilt sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the one light source is an LED.4. The tilt sensor according to claim 1 , wherein a position which deviates from a position perpendicular or parallel relative to the gravitational field of the Earth can be defined freely as the predetermined zero position.5. The tilt sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined zero ...

Precision Inclinometer with Parallel Dipole Line Trap System

Inclinometers with a parallel dipole line (PDL) trap system are provided. In one aspect, an inclinometer includes: a PDL trap having a pair of dipole line magnets, a transparent tube in between the dipole line magnets, and a diamagnetic object within the transparent tube, wherein the diamagnetic object is levitating in between the dipole line magnets; and a sensing system for determining a position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap and for determining an inclination angle θ using the position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap. Techniques to detect the diamagnetic object position using optical, capacitive and manual methods are described. A method for determining an inclination angle θ using the present inclinometers is also provided. 1. An inclinometer , comprising:a parallel dipole line (PDL) trap having a pair of dipole line magnets, a transparent tube in between the dipole line magnets, and a diamagnetic object within the transparent tube, wherein the diamagnetic object is levitating in between the dipole line magnets; anda sensing system for determining a position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap and for determining an inclination angle θ using the position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap, wherein the sensing system comprises at least one of an optical sensing system and a manual readout system.2. The inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein the sensing system comprises the optical sensing system claim 1 , and wherein the inclinometer further comprises a digital video camera positioned facing the PDL trap and the diamagnetic object for capturing video images of the position z of the diamagnetic object in the PDL trap.3. The inclinometer of claim 2 , wherein the inclinometer further comprises a microcomputer for i) analyzing the video images and ii) determining the inclination angle θ.4. The inclinometer of claim 1 , wherein the sensing system comprises the manual readout system claim 1 , and wherein the inclinometer further ...

Spout Apparatus, Systems and Methods

A spout is disclosed capable of detecting if it is properly “on” or “off” the container according to tilt characteristics of the spout as determined by accelerometer and other sensor data. The tilt characteristics can be applied to one or more sets of coupling criteria, which if met, can provide an indication that the spout is “on bottle” or “off bottle”. 1. A dispensing spout comprising:a tilt sensor configured to generate a plurality of angle measurements, wherein each angle measurement comprises an instant measured orientation angle of the spout with respect to a reference orientation;a memory configured to store a spout coupling criteria, wherein the spout coupling criteria is satisfied if at least one of the angle measurements generated by the tilt sensor exceeds a threshold angle for a threshold duration; and determine that at least one angle measurement from the plurality of angle measurements exceeds the threshold angle;', 'measure a tilt duration, the tilt duration comprising a measurement of time that the at least one measurement exceeds the threshold angle; and', 'generate a spout coupling state message upon the measured tilt duration satisfying the threshold duration of the spout coupling criteria, wherein the spout coupling state message provides an indication of the spout being off of a container., 'a detector circuit coupled with the tilt sensor, the detector circuit having a processor programmed to2. The spout of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further programmed to:determine that at least one second angle measurement from the plurality of angle measurements exceeds a second threshold angle, wherein the second threshold angle exceeds the threshold angle;restart the measurement of the tilt duration to measure a second tilt duration, the second tilt duration comprising the measurement of time following the restart that the at least one second angle measurement exceeds the second threshold angle; andgenerate the spout coupling state message upon the ...

LEVELING AND POSITIONING SYSTEM AND METHOD

A leveling device coupler assembly that includes a coupling head and a joint assembly coupled to the coupling head. The joint assembly can include a first and second rotatable coupling. The leveling device coupler assembly can also include a base coupler coupled to the joint assembly, with the base coupler and coupling head being coupled on opposing ends of the joint assembly. The leveling device coupler assembly can also include an electronic coupler assembly leveling device configured to at least detect a configuration status of the leveling device coupler assembly. 1. A leveling device coupling assembly comprising:a first electronic leveling device configured to at least detect a level status of at least one axis of the electronic leveling device; and a coupling head having a planar top plate and a planar base plate that are coupled along an edge with the top plate and base plate defining a coupling slot having an angle less than or equal to 90 degrees and greater than or equal to 0 degrees, with the electronic leveling device removably coupled within the coupling slot;', 'a joint assembly coupled to the base plate of the coupling head, the joint assembly including a tongue extending from the base plate of the coupling head, with the tongue being rotatably coupled within a slot defined by a joint shaft to define a first rotatable coupling, at least a portion of the joint shaft defining a second rotatable coupling separate from the first rotatable coupling,', 'a base coupler coupled to the joint assembly, with the base coupler and coupling head being coupled on opposing ends of the joint assembly, the base coupler including a planar coupler top plate and a planar coupler sidewall plate that extends from the coupler top plate at a 90 degree angle, the coupler top plate and coupler sidewall plate defining a base coupler coupling slot;', 'an electronic coupler assembly leveling device, configured to at least detect a configuration status of the leveling device ...

INCLINOMETER

An inclinometer subassembly for determining the inclination of a single measurement axis, the subassembly comprising: a first pair of accelerometers comprising a first accelerometer and a second accelerometer; and a second pair of accelerometers comprising a third accelerometer and a fourth accelerometer; wherein each accelerometer comprises at least one sensing axis for sensing acceleration due to gravity relative to its at least one sensing axis; wherein the first and second accelerometers of the first pair are arranged such that the at least one sensing axis of each of the first and second accelerometers is orientated in the same direction as the single measurement axis, wherein the second accelerometer is arranged in an orientation in which it has been rotated about its at least one sensing axis by 180 degrees relative to the first accelerometer; wherein the third and fourth accelerometers of the second pair are arranged such that the at least one sensing axis of each of the third and fourth accelerometers is orientated in the opposite direction to the at least one sensing axis of each of the first and second accelerometers, wherein the fourth accelerometer is arranged in an orientation in which it has been rotated about its at least one sensing axis by 180 degrees relative to the third accelerometer; wherein each accelerometer comprises an output for providing an output signal from its at least one sensing axis to control circuitry such that an inclination of the subassembly indicative of the inclination of the single measurement axis can be determined based on a combination of the output signals from the first, second, third and fourth accelerometers. 1. An inclinometer subassembly for determining the inclination of a single measurement axis , the subassembly comprising:a first pair of accelerometers comprising a first accelerometer and a second accelerometer; anda second pair of accelerometers comprising a third accelerometer and a fourth accelerometer; ...

STAGE APPARATUS AND CHARGED PARTICLE BEAM APPARATUS

A stage includes a sample table on which a sample is placed, a first drive mechanism moving the sample table in a first direction; a position measurement element measuring a position in the first direction that is a driving direction of the sample table. The stage also has a scale element having a scale measurement axis that is parallel to a first measurement axis in the first direction based on the position measurement element and is different from the first measurement axis in height, and measuring the position of the sample table in the first direction. A controller calculates the orientation of the sample table by using a measurement value by the position measurement element and a measurement value by the scale element and correcting the Abbe error of the sample table. 1. A stage apparatus comprising:a sample table on which a sample is placed;a first drive mechanism moving the sample table in a first direction;a position measurement element measuring a position in the first direction that is a driving direction of the sample table;a scale element having a scale measurement axis that is parallel to a first measurement axis in the first direction based on the position measurement element and is different from the first measurement axis in height, and measuring the position of the sample table in the first direction; anda controller calculating orientation of the sample table by using a measurement value by the position measurement element and a measurement value by the scale element and correcting an Abbe error of the sample table.2. The stage apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe position measurement element includes a first laser interferometer that measures the position of the sample table in the first direction by irradiating a first mirror disposed on the sample table with laser light and receiving reflected light from the first mirror, andthe scale element includes a scale attached to a placement surface over which the sample table is placed in such a ...

TILT INDICATOR

A tilt indicator includes a housing having a tilt detection assembly, switch circuitry, and a radio-frequency identification (RFID) module coupled to the switch circuitry. Responsive to the tilt detection assembly being subjected to a tilt event exceeding a threshold, the switch circuitry causes a change in a value output by the RFID module when activated. 1. A tilt indicator , comprising:a housing having a tilt detection assembly;switch circuitry; anda radio-frequency identification (RFID) module coupled to the switch circuitry; andwherein responsive to the tilt detection assembly being subjected to a tilt event exceeding a threshold, the switch circuitry causes a change in a value output by the RFID module when activated.2. The tilt indicator of claim 1 , wherein the tilt detection assembly includes a receptacle containing a mass member claim 1 , and wherein response to the tilt detection assembly being subjected to the tilt event exceeding the threshold claim 1 , the mass member exits the receptacle to thereby cause the change in the value output by the RFID module.3. The tilt indicator of claim 1 , wherein the switch circuitry includes a plurality of conductive surfaces formed on a receptacle claim 1 , and wherein the receptacle is configured to support a conductive mass member therein claim 1 , and wherein the conductive mass member is configured to contact the plurality of conductive surfaces in an unactivated state of the tilt indicator.4. The tilt indicator of claim 1 , wherein the switch circuitry is configured to be in a state of either a closed circuit or an open circuit claim 1 , and responsive to the tilt detection assembly being subjected to the tilt event exceeding the threshold claim 1 , a change to the state occurs.5. The tilt indicator of claim 1 , wherein the RFID module includes a passive RFID module.6. The tilt indicator of claim 1 , wherein the switch circuitry includes:first and second conductive surfaces formed on a receptacle, and wherein ...

Apparatus and Methods for Maintenance of Wind Turbine Blades

Systems and methods for the automated non-destructive inspection of wind turbine blades. A motor-driven track that conforms to the shape of the blade moves along its length. At each spanwise position, the motor-driven track is stopped and then while the motor-driven track is stationary, any one of various types of NDI sensors is moved along the track to collect inspection data on the structure. The track is either segmented or flexible in order to conform to the cross-sectional profile of the blade. In addition, means for tracking the spanwise motion of the motor-driven track along the blade are provided. Optionally, means for avoiding protrusions on the blade that may be in the way during scanning are provided. 1. An automated apparatus for moving an end effector over a surface of a wind turbine blade , comprising a chassis , a carriage movably coupled to the chassis , and an end effector adjustably coupled to the carriage for adjusting an orientation of the end effector relative to the carriage , wherein the chassis comprises:a segmented frame comprising a multiplicity of frame links coupled in series to form a chain, each frame link comprising a respective side rail;a multiplicity of flexible rail joints which are arranged to connect the side rails of the segmented frame in series to form a track to which the carriage is movably coupled;a motor mounted to the segmented frame; anda drive rolling element operatively coupled to the motor.2. The automated apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the chassis further comprises a multiplicity of sets of hinges claim 1 , each pair of coupled frame links of the segmented frame being pivotably coupled by a respective set of hinges.3. The automated apparatus as recited in claim 2 , wherein the chassis further comprises respective motors operatively coupled to respective hinges of at least one pair of hinges for driving relative rotation of coupled frame links of the segmented frame.4. The automated apparatus as recited in ...

Construction laser system having a rotation laser and a laser receiver, with functionality for automatic determination of the laser receiver direction

A construction laser system includes a rotation laser and a laser receiver. To determine a direction in which the laser receiver lies in sight of the rotation laser, a digital code respectively assigned uniquely to the respective rotation angle ranges includes a state value sequence based on a defined sequence of states relating to the laser beam. In the respective rotation angle ranges, the corresponding sequence of states is respectively generated by successively occurring crossings of the respective rotation angle range. On the receiver side, an output signal is generated as a function of incidence of the laser beam. With the aid of an output signal sequence of successively generated output signals, which is acquired by the evaluation unit, the state value sequence corresponding to the acquired output signal sequence is identified, permitting final determination of the corresponding rotation angle range in which the laser receiver lies.

CART AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME

A cart can include a body having driving wheels mounted to left and right sides thereof; a motor configured to rotate the driving wheels; a frame comprising a lower part connected to the body, the frame extending upwards from the lower part; a handle connected to the frame; a sensor unit including a tilt sensor configured to detect a tilt of the body, and a touch sensor configured to detect whether the handle is grasped; and a controller configured to in response to determining that the handle is not grasped based on data detected by the touch sensor, determine whether the cart is located on a slope based on data detected by the tilt sensor, change a control parameter of the motor based on whether the cart is located on the slope and perform a braking operation in different ways based on whether the motor is rotating. 1. A cart , comprising:a body having driving wheels mounted to left and right sides thereof;a motor configured to rotate the driving wheels;a frame comprising a lower part connected to the body, the frame extending upwards from the lower part;a handle connected to the frame; a tilt sensor configured to detect a tilt of the body, and', 'a touch sensor configured to detect whether the handle is grasped; and, 'a sensor unit comprising in response to determining that the handle is not grasped based on data detected by the touch sensor, determine whether the cart is located on a slope based on data detected by the tilt sensor, and', 'change a control parameter of the motor based on whether the cart is located on the slope, and perform a braking operation in different ways based on whether the motor is rotating., 'a controller configured to2. The cart according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor unit further comprises:a position detection sensor configured to detect a rotation of the motor.3. The cart according to claim 1 , further comprising:an output current detector configured to detect an output current output to the motor,wherein the controller is further ...

INCLINATION SENSOR SYSTEM

An inclination sensor system for a mobile work machine includes a MEMS inclination sensor and a further inclination sensor of a different type and a fusion device. The inclination sensor is configured to output a first inclination signal on the basis of an inclination that exists at the inclination sensor. The further inclination sensor is configured to output a second inclination signal on the basis of the inclination that exists at the further inclination sensor. The fusion device is configured to calculate a corrected inclination signal on the basis of the first and second inclination signals and to output same as the corrected inclination signal. 1. Inclination sensor system for a mobile work machine in the form of an elevating platform or of a crane or a turntable ladder , comprising:a MEMS inclination sensor configured to output a first inclination signal on the basis of an inclination that exists at the inclination sensor;a further inclination sensor of a different type that is configured to output a second inclination signal on the basis of the inclination that exists at the further inclination sensor; anda fusion device configured to determine or calculate a corrected inclination on the basis of the first and second inclination signals and to output same as the corrected inclination signal.2. Inclination sensor system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the further inclination sensor comprises a thermodynamic inclination sensor or an inclination sensor on the basis of a sensor principle that is robust toward slip-stick effects.3. Inclination sensor system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the MEMS inclination sensor is manufactured on the basis of surface MEMS technologies.4. Inclination sensor system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the MEMS inclination sensor comprises one or more layers which have been grown onto a substrate and have the MEMS structure introduced therein claim 3 , and/or wherein the MEMS inclination sensor comprises a substrate which has the ...

METHOD OF DESIGNING CONTAINER OF LIQUID REFLECTION INCLINATION SENSOR, INCLINATION SENSOR INCLUDING THE CONTAINER, AND METHOD OF PRODUCING INCLINATION SENSOR INCLUDING THE CONTAINER

A method of designing a container of a liquid reflection inclination sensor includes a liquid surface calculating step (S) that calculates a shape of a liquid surface of a liquid in a horizontal direction “x” and a vertical direction “y” by utilizing the Young-Laplace formula and the hydrostatic pressure formula, the liquid surface formed on a plate extending vertically and infinitely with respect to a horizontal part of the liquid surface, an optical simulation step (S) that obtains a light receiving pattern by reflecting a dark field pattern (′) irradiated from an imaginary light source (′) on an imaginary mirror plane (′) having the shape of the liquid surface, and a container adjusting step (S-S) that adjusts a shape of a cylindrical container () for enclosing the liquid by judging whether image accuracy of the light receiving pattern satisfies demanded sensor accuracy. 1. A method of designing a container of a liquid reflection inclination sensor , comprising:a liquid surface calculating step that calculates a shape of a liquid surface of a liquid in a horizontal direction “x” and a vertical direction “y” by utilizing the Young-Laplace formula and the hydrostatic pressure formula, the liquid surface formed on a plate extending vertically and infinitely with respect to a horizontal part of the liquid surface;an optical simulation step that obtains a light receiving pattern by reflecting a dark field pattern irradiated from an imaginary light source on an imaginary mirror plane having the shape of the liquid surface; anda container adjusting step that adjusts a shape of a cylindrical container for enclosing the liquid by judging whether image accuracy of the light receiving pattern satisfies demanded sensor accuracy.2. The method of designing a container of a liquid reflection inclination sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe liquid surface calculating step comprises a second step that obtains an actual contact angle “θ1” of the liquid with the container, and ...