Экспрессный безреагентный термодеструкционно-фотометрический способ обнаружения белка в пробах порошкообразных материалов

Изобретение относится к аналитической химии, в частности к экспресс-способам обнаружения белка в порошкообразных материалах и может найти применение на предприятиях биохимической, микробиологической, фармацевтической, пищевой промышленности. Способ заключается в последовательной регистрации с помощью фотометра ФО-1 отражения потока света в видимой области спектра от поверхности металлической пластины с пробой порошкообразного вещества разной массы, подвергнувшейся термодеструкции в одинаковых условиях. Затем осуществляют построение графиков зависимости коэффициента отражения металлической поверхности с исследуемым термодеструктированным порошкообразным веществом от массы исследуемой пробы в редакторе Excel. Проводят подбор уравнения аппроксимирующей кривой, чтобы величина достоверности аппроксимации R2 равнялась единице. Осуществляют интегрирование уравнения аппроксимирующей кривой по максимальному и минимальному значению массы исследуемой пробы для определения площади криволинейной трапеции ...

ИНДИКАТОР НАЛИЧИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ЗАГРЯЗНИТЕЛЕЙ В СТОЧНЫХ ВОДАХ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

Полезная модель относится к отрасли контроля качества очистки сточных вод промышленных предприятий. Индикатор наличия органических загрязнителей в сточных водах содержит устройство для забора проб воды из сливной трубы и аппаратуру для выявления в отобранной воде загрязнителей.Устройство для забора воды состоит из двух трубок, на одном конце которых имеется продольный срез по диаметральной плоскости, а другой конец трубки выполнен в виде штуцера для подсоединения трубопровода. Первая трубка вставлена через отверстие в стенке сливной трубы и герметично закреплена так, чтобы плоскость среза была направлена навстречу потоку воды в сливной трубе, а вторая трубка введена в сливную трубу ниже по течению воды и расположена зеркально первой трубке. Первая трубка связана с входным патрубком фотокаталитического реактора, соединенного с газоотделителем, в котором установлен ТЭН, а в верхней части поплавок с клапаном, открывающим и закрывающим выход газа в коробку с датчиком углекислого газа. Выходной ...

Газоанализатор формальдегида

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике и предназначено для количественного химического анализа воздушной среды. Газоанализатор формальдегида включает расположенный на основании корпус, в котором установлены: измерительный блок, блок контроллера с панелью управления и ЖК-дисплеем. Измерительный блок включает расположенные последовательно и соединенныекапиллярными трубками отводящий насос, проточную кювету с двумя встроенными фотоприемниками, дегазатор, реактор с нагревательной спиралью, перед проточной кюветой установлен светодиод. Реактор измерительного блока снабжен двумя входами, в корпусе дополнительно установлен блок отбора пробы, включающий расположенные последовательно и соединенные капиллярными трубками воздушный насос, воздушный фильтр, регулятор массового расхода воздуха и змеевик-реактор, объединенный с сепаратором, который на выходе соединен с первым входом реактора измерительного блока, а также шланговый насос, соединенный капиллярными трубками с установленными на основании ...

СПОСОБ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ СОСТАВА КИСЛОТ И ОСНОВАНИЙ

Использование: изобретение относится к измерительной технике и может быть использовано при изготовлении и испытании химической продукции. Сущность: решается задача повышения точности измерения за счет введения новой операции контроля точности измерений, исключения систематической составляющей погрешности и управления границами составляющей погрешности, при этом предложена новая структура элементов измерительной схемы. 1 ил. 3 табл.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ СИЛЫ СВЕТА

Изобретение предназначено для измерения силы света. Задачей изобретения является создание малогабаритного устройства, в котором излучатель и приемник имеют определенные положения относительно измеряемой поверхности и в котором обеспечен механизм экранирования света. Устройство состоит из удлиненной детали (1), которая имеет на одном конце светоизлучающие средства (6) и светопринимающие средства (7). Этот конец окружен упругосмещаемой оболочкой (8), которая, когда упомянутая удлиненная деталь (1) приложена к поверхности для снятия показаний прибора, определяет светонепроницаемую полость. 7 з.п. ф-лы, 4 ил.

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ДАВНОСТИ НАНЕСЕНИЯ ШТРИХА НА ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНО-БУМАЖНЫЙ НОСИТЕЛЬ

Изобретение относится к области определения времени нанесения штриха на целлюлозно-бумажный носитель и может быть использовано в следственной, судебно-экспертной, криминалистической и судебной практике, при проведении оперативно-розыскных мероприятий, а также при технической экспертизе определения подлинности и возраста рукописных текстов и документов. Способ определения давности нанесения штриха на целлюлозно-бумажный носитель включает обработку реагентом образца, содержащего штрих, и установление срока давности по результатам анализа продукта реакции. Причем обработку проводят реагентом с температурой кипения не выше 100°С. При этом в качестве реагента используют хладоагенты, фреоны, различные углеводороды, спирты, органические кислоты, альдегиды, кетоны, циклические органические соединения, а также их смеси, ацетилсалициловую кислоту, реактивы группы карботиенилов, производные бензальдегида. Затем помещают обработанный образец в герметичный контейнер, выдерживают образец в контейнере ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ СИСТЕМЫ В ЦЕЛЯХ УМЕНЬШЕНИЯ КОРРОЗИИ В УСТАНОВКЕ ПЕРВИЧНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ НЕФТИ

... 1. Способ измерения по крайней мере одного свойства преимущественно жидкого образца, включающий следующие этапы:добавление по крайней мере одного химического реагента к образцу, причем указанный химический реагент, когда его добавляют к образцу, способен вызывать измеряемый оптический эффект, непосредственно связанный с определяемым свойством,измерение указанного оптического эффекта, ивыведение значения свойства путем сравнения измеренного оптического эффекта с заранее определенными значениями, соответствующими определяемому свойству,удаление сульфоксидных соединений из образца путем добавления к нему промывной смеси, причем указанная промывная смесь содержит 2-10% перуксусную кислоту в равновесии с 10-35% перекисью водорода и воду,причем отношение между измеренным оптическим эффектом и определяемым свойством не зависит от объема жидкого образца и от объема реагента, добавленного к образцу, причем промывная смесь не оказывает воздействие на измеряемый оптический эффект за исключением предотвращения ...

Способ фотометрического определения тантала

Способ определения молибдена

... 1. СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕШШ МОЛ}Б .ДЕНА, включа101Ц1 й введение в анализируемьй раствор добавки, распьшенпе раствора , в пламя и последующую количественную регистрацию атомпо-абсорбционным методом, отличающийс я тем, что, с целью сбеспечения возможности анализа аргиллитов и упрощения процесса, в качестве добавки используют роданид калия, а распыление ведут в воздушно-ацетиленовое пламя. 2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что роданид калия вводят до концентрации 0,1-1,0%.

Способ фотометрического определения ванадия (V)

Кинетический способ определения германия

Способ определения спороцидной активности органических перекисных соединений

Способ фотометрического определения вольфрама

Способ экстракционно-фотометрического определения тантала

Способ фотометрического определения теллура

Способ определения концентрации нормальных парафинов в процессе получения белково-витаминного концентрата

OPTICAL ANALYZER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF ITS SENSOR

Способ получения цветного "серебра"

Способ определения цинка

Изобретение относится к аналитической химии цинка и позволяет повысить чувствительность, точность и экспрессность анализа. К анализируемому раствору добавляют растворы желатина , хлористого цетилпиридиния, фенилфлуорона и поверхностно-активного вещества ОП-10. Хлористый цетйлпи- ридиний и ОП-10 вводится в 5-25-кратном избытке по отношению к фенил- флуорону. Количественное содержание цинка определяют спектрофотометрическим методом. Относительная ошибка 0,.5%, молярный коэффициент абсорбции 1,4-10, время развития окраски 1мин. 2 табл. с сл ю ...

Способ количественного определения концевых гидроксильных групп в сложных ароматических полиэфирах

СПОСОБ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КОНЦЕВЫХ ГИДЮКСИЛЬ- НЫХ ГРУПП В СЛОЖНЫХ АРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ ПОЛИЭФИРАХ путем обработки раствора полимера в органическом растворителе раствором церийаммонийнитрата в 6—7 н.азотной кислоте, с последующим фотометрированием окрашенного раствора полимера, отличающийся тем, что, с целью повышения чувствительности способа, в качестве органического растворителя используют хлороформ, обработку раствора полимера проводят 20- 25%-ным раствором церийаммонийнитрата в азотной кислоте и перед фотометрированием добавляют диметилсульфоксид.9(Лс3003403SO 1^20~ Л,/^^к^оФиг.г5ОО(У|S00 М ...

Композиция для получения чувствительного элемента аналитической системы для определения палладия

Изобретение относится к получению чувствительных элементов для аналитических систем для определения палладия и может быть использовано при анализе сточных вод, производственных растворов. Изобретение позволяет улучшить аналитические характеристики чувствительных элементов (диапазон определяемых концентраций 0,001-0,54 мкг/л, предел обнаружения 7 .10 -9 М). Эффект достигается исследованием композиции для чувствительного элемента, включающей в качестве цветообразующего реагента 3,3-14,5 мас.ч. 4-нитрозодиэтиланилина, а в качестве полимерной основы 38,5-53,2 мас.% сульфированного сополимера стирола и дивинилбензола и 38,5-53,2 мас.% полиакрилонитрильного волокна. 3 табл.

Способ приготовления индикаторной массы для определения сернистого газа

Способ количественного определения молибдена

Способ колориметрического определения фосфора в стали

Способ фотометрического определения вольфрама

"VERFAHREN UND REAGENS ZUR BESEITIGUNG EINER TRUEBUNG IN EINER BIOLOGISCHEN FLUESSIGKEIT"

REAKTIONSGEFAESS

Sensitive Materialien und Vorrichtungen zur Detektion organischer Komponenten und Lösungsmitteldämpfen in der Luft

The invention concerns a device for the qualitative and/or quantitative detection of organic compounds or solvents in air, wherein a sensitive layer (3) containing at least one polymer is applied to a transducer. The sensitive layer (3) further contains at least one softener.

Verbesserung des Analysator-Durchsatzes mittels einer Analyse an der Pipettenspitze

Brandmelder

VERFAHREN ZUM ANALYSIEREN CHEMISCHER SUBSTANZEN IN PROBENFLUESSIGKEITEN

SENSORELEMENT UND DESSEN VERWENDUNG

Sensorelement (1) miteinem Reservoir (4), in welchem eine Sensorsubstanz enthalten ist, die ein optisches Verhalten aufweist, das von einem Analyten abhängt;einem Kanal (2), wobei das Sensorelement (1) derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Sensorsubstanz aus dem Reservoir (4) in den Kanal (2) einleitbar ist;gekennzeichnet durcheine Membran (3), die für den Analyten durchlässig ist, und welche einen Bereich einer Wandung des Kanals (2) bildet.

VERFAHREN UND EINRICHTUNG ZUM MESSEN EINER UNBEKANNTEN MENGE EINER AUSGEWAEHLTEN CHEMISCHEN SUBSTANZ

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von flüchtigen Substanzen in Lösung

The invention relates to a method for fluorimetrically or photometrically identifying gaseous substances or substances, which can be converted into a gaseous state, in samples. Decomposition reactions, optional purification steps, and detection can be carried out in a cell, which comprises one or more ion-impermeable, gas-permeable membranes, in a user-friendly and selective manner without losing any substances.

VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER KONZENTRATION EINER LOESUNG

Kolorimetrischer Sensor

Fluorescent sample livid behavior analyzing method, involves influencing sample in sample area through illumination radiation of determined intensity, and detecting reaction of sample to radiation through scanning of sample area along curve

The method involves influencing a fluorescent sample (2) in a sample area through an illumination radiation (17) of determined intensity. The reaction of the sample to the radiation is detected through scanning of the sample area along a curve, where the curve lies within a ring or torus surrounding the sample area. The sample is bleached based on an output of the fluorescence radiation, and the curve is closed. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a laser scanning microscope comprising a controller (2) a computer program product comprising a set of instructions to perform a method for analyzing livid behavior of a fluorescent sample.

Device for use in spectrophotometry

Bioluminescence monitor

GAS SENSOR

Corpuscle sorter

... 1,103,190. Electrostatic separators. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. 1, Feb., 1966 [4, June, 1965], No. 4344/ 66. Heading B2J. [Also in Division G1] In an. apparatus for sorting particles suspended in a liquid, a jet of the liquid is broken into a regular train of droplets by accoustic pulses and a sensor 29 measures a selected characteristic of each particle that passes it and causes an electrostatic charging collar 37 to charge each droplet in accordance with the measured characteristic of any particle it may contain. Electrostatic deflecting plates 39, 41 then direct each droplet into an appropriate collecting vessel or onto an appropriate portion of a moving strip of blotting paper. The selected characteristic may be size, radioactivity, fluorescence, luminescence, electrical conductivity, or light transmissibility. or reflectivity. The particle concentration should be such that about one in seven droplets will contain a particle and the collar 37 should charge one or more droplets ...

Hologram used as a sensor

Quantitative detection of chemical species

Method of detection

RATE ANALYSIS SYSTEM

... 1389758 Measuring rate of change of voltage BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS Inc 10 April 1973 [17 April 1972] 17118/73 Heading G1U In a measurement system in which the rate of change of a signal is determined and displayed, logic is used to allow display of the rate of change only when the differential thereof is substantially zero. In analyzing the action of enzymes in a sample cell 12, a monochromatic light source 14 illuminates a photo-multiplier 16 through the cell. A signal representing the absorbance of the enzyme mixture is derived by log. amp 20. This signal is differentiated 34, rectified 35 and passed to an A-D converter (40), Fig.2 (not shown) via line 37. The output of the rectifier 35 is itself differentiated and rectified and applied via LPF 64 to a comparator 66. The comparator reference level is set by an internal reference voltage (e.g. a Zener diode) and a value dependent on the magnitude of the rate of change signal, applied via resistor 67. An external programmer (not shown) provides ...

Quantitative detection of chemical species

Reaction rate measurement analyzer

The quantity of substances in a biological fluid 26 is determined by photometric analysis performed sequentially upon a standard solution and an unknown sample to determine the rate of reaction in each. The reaction is manually initiated in a standard solution which is placed into a photodetector circuit 28 to produce a voltage representing optical density which increases during the reaction. The time required for the voltage to change from a base level to a pre-set value is measured and stored as a calibration reference. Then, the reaction in the sample is initiated and the standard is replaced by the sample in the same photodetector circuit. The voltage rise at the end of the calibration reference time which represents the change in the optical density of the unknown sample is then provided to a display 40 which indicates the amount of the chemical substance in the sample. ...

PROCESS FOR THE KINETIC DETERMINATIONOF SUBSTRATES

VIEWING HOUSING FOR A DIAGNOSTIC REAGENT HOLDER AND METHOD

Process of description of mushrooms and algae in tissues and the liquids body animal and human and necessary experimental to carry out this process.

DEVICE FOR PREPARING A MEASURING LIQUID FOR THE APPLICATION IN ANALYTICALLY OPTICAL DEVICES

VORRICHTUNG ZUR UNTERSCHEIDUNG VON BETRIEBSSTOFFEN VON FLUGGERÄTEN

BIOCHEMICAL BLOCKING LAYER FOR LIQUID CRYSTAL

HIGH-SPEED DIAGNOSE UNIT WITH BOLTING DEVICE BY TESTSTREIFEN

NANO-PARTICLE IMAGING SYSTEM AND - PROCEDURES

VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR MESSUNG DER KONZENTRATION VON STOFFEN IN FLÜSSIGKEITEN

SYSTEM FOR THE MONITORING OF A BACTERIAL TUMOR TREATMENT

SENSOR WITH A HOLOGRAPHIC MULTIPLE IMAGE ANNOUNCEMENT

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PROOF OF A ANALYTEN

PHOTOMETRIC MANY LOCAL MEASURING SYSTEM WITH A SOURCE

PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLS OF MEANS INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Optischer Lumineszenzsensor

The invention relates to an optical luminescence sensor (1) comprising a sensor layer which is applied to a carrier substrate (2) that is transparent to luminescence light and if appropriate to excitation light, a photodiode and if appropriate an excitation light source. Said optical sensor is characterized in that the carrier substrate (2) is in the form of a pipe or pipe segment that is optionally closed at one end, and in that a sensor layer which interacts with an analyte which is to be detected is applied at least in partial regions of a surface of the carrier substrate (2) facing the sample to be measured, and in that the essentially circular photodiode is formed on the surface of the carrier substrate (2) and covers at least 60% of a full circle.

TEST PROCEDURE USING OBERFLÄCHENPLASMONRESONANZSPEKTROMETRIE.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING A CERTAIN QUANTITY OF A LIQUID SAMPLE INTO A CELL.

IN VITRO TESTING METHODS FOR THE REGULATION OF EYE-HARMFUL CHARACTERISTICS.

OPTICAL MEASURING DEVICE WITH USE OF A SPECTRALMODULATING SENSOR WITH OPTICALLY RESONIERENDER STRUCTURE.

ANALYZER AND PROCEDURE FOR THE ANALYSIS OF LIQUID SAMPLES.

AUTOMATIC ANALYZER.

TRANSVERSE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE SENSOR.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE REGULATION OF SOLVED MATERIALS WITH THE HELP OF AN OPTICAL WAVE LEADER.

BIO SENSORS.

SENSOR FOR BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES WITH USE OPTICAL TRANSVERSE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE.

USE OF AN ANALYTIC CENTRIFUGAL PHOTOMETER, FOR THE APPROXIMATELY SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF THE PRESENCE OF DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES IN CONSCIENCES A NUMBER OF SEPARATING SAMPLES.

ANALYSIS DEVICE

METHOD FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF MOLECULAR SUBSTANCES

ASSAY PROCEDURE

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE EXECUTION OF A STAT IMMUNOASSAY IN A SEGMENTED FLOW ANALYSIS SYSTEM

ARRANGEMENT FOR SAMPLE REGULATION

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE REAL TIME COLLECTION OF THE PRODUCTS OF NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION

Instruments for analyzing binding assays based on attenuation of light by thin films

APPARATUS FOR DETECTION OF AN IMMOBILIZED ANALYTE

Methods, systems and kits for in-pen assays

Methods, systems and kits are described herein for detecting the results of an assay. In particular, the methods, systems and devices of the present disclosure rely on a difference between the diffusion rates of a reporter molecule and an analyte of interest in order to quantify an amount of analyte in a microfluidic device. The analyte may be a secreted product of a biological micro-object.

WAVEGUIDE SENSOR

Microfluidic device and leucocyte antigen mediated microfluidic assay

Apparatus and methods for carrying out electrochemiluminescence test measurements

AUTOMATED ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING THE ENVIRONMENT WITHIN A MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE

ANALYZING APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF LIQUID SAMPLES

FUNGI AND ALGAE DETECTION IN ANIMAL AND HUMAN TISSUES AND BODY FLUIDS

Calibration Data Entry System for a Test Instrument

Air removal test strip

An air removal test system for verifying adequate air removal during a sterilization cycle of a pre-vacuum type sterilizer includes specimen holder and a test strip. The test strip includes a solid indicator chemical, which liquefies and travels along a wicking element during the sterilization cycle. The test strip is configured to verify adequate removal of air during the sterilization cycle by displaying a color change through a window.

CIRCUITRY FOR A PORTABLE TEST STRIP READING INSTRUMENT

Improved analyzer throughput featuring through-the-tip-analysis

ROTOR ASSEMBLY FOR AUTOMATIC CHEMICAL ANALYSER

SIMULTANEOUS ASSAY FOR GLUCOSE AND UREA

A method for monitoring performance of an incubator module, said incubator module being comprised in an automated system for assaying multiple samples and a kit suitable for use in said method

Micro-machined thin film hydrogen gas sensor, and method of making and using thesame

CHEMICAL REACTION TIME INSTRUMENTATION

GEL PARTICLE MEASUREMENT DEVICE

To measure a starting point of production of gel particles with high sensitivity in measurement of a target substance in a sample through a gelation reaction while minimizing light attenuation in a solvent in which a phenomenon occurs, provided is a gel particle measurement device including: a sample cuvet () accommodating a sample (S) and a solution containing a reagent (R); stirring means () for stirring a mixed solution (W); an incident light source () for irradiating the mixed solution (W) with coherent light (Bm); backscattered light detecting means () provided outside the sample cuvet () on the same side on which the incident light source () is provided, the backscattered light detecting means () detecting a backscattered light component, which returns toward the incident light source, in the light scattered in the mixed solution (W) in the sample cuvet (); scattered light fluctuation measuring means () for measuring a fluctuation component of backscattered light based on a detection output from the backscattered light detecting means (); and gel particle production determining means () for determining, based on a result of measurement by the scattered light fluctuation measuring means (), a production state of gel particles, which includes at least a starting point of production of the gel particles, which leads to timing of phase transition of the mixed solution (W) from a sol phase to a gel phase. 1. A gel particle measurement device for measuring particles produced from a target substance in a sample through a gelation reaction , the gel particle measurement device comprising:a sample cuvet at least partially comprising an incident portion through which light enters, and accommodating a sample containing a target substance to be measured and a solution containing a reagent that causes gelation of the target substance;stirring means for stirring a mixed solution comprising the sample and the solution containing the reagent in the sample cuvet so as to ...

VERSATILE, VISIBLE METHOD FOR DETECTING POLYMERIC ANALYTES

The invention provides methods to detect or determine the presence or amount of a polymeric analyte in a sample, which employ magnetic substrates and subjects the sample and the magnetic substrate to forms of energy so as to induce aggregate formation. 136-. (canceled)37. A method for detecting the presence or amount of a polymeric analyte in a complex biological sample , comprising:a) contacting the complex biological sample with magnetic beads under conditions that allow for binding of the analyte to the beads so as to form a mixture;b) subjecting the mixture to an amount of energy that results in aggregation of the beads; andc) detecting the presence or amount of aggregates in the mixture, thereby detecting the presence or amount of the analyte.38. A method for isolating a polymeric analyte in a complex biological sample , comprising:a) contacting the complex biological sample with magnetic beads under conditions that allow for binding of the analyte to the beads so as to form an aqueous mixture;b) subjecting the mixture to an amount of energy that results in aggregation of the beads having the bound analyte but not other molecules in the complex mixture; andc) separating the other molecules from the aggregates, thereby isolating the analyte.39. The method of wherein the mixture is subjected to a rotating magnetic field claim 37 , acoustic energy or vibration.40. The method of wherein a magnet provides the energy.41. The method of wherein pinwheel formation of the aggregates is detected.42. The method of wherein analyte is genomic DNA or genomic DNA that is subjected to sonication claim 37 , shearing or a nuclease.43. The method of wherein the analyte is nucleic acid and the binding is not sequence specific.44. The method of wherein the sample comprises nucleic acid and protein claim 37 , lysed cells claim 37 , a subfraction of lysed cells claim 37 , amplified DNA claim 37 , a physiological fluid sample claim 37 , or cells.45. The method of wherein the magnetic ...

MICROWAVE ACCELERATED ASSAYS

The present invention provides for increasing fluorescence detection in surface assay systems while increasing kinetics of a bioreaction therein by providing low-power microwaves to irradiate metallic materials within the system in an amount sufficient to increase heat thereby affecting the kinetics of a bioreaction therein. 1. A system for shortening the time required to detect or measure the presence of a target molecule in a sample , the system comprising:a metallic material, wherein the metallic material is shaped as particles, nanostructures, islands or colloids;a probe attached to the metallic material for binding with the target molecule in the sample;a sample suspected of containing a target molecule;a source of low power microwave energy that emits energy in the gigahertz frequency range in an amount sufficient to increase the kinetics of a chemical reaction involving at least the binding of the target sample to the probe;a detecting molecule that binds to the target molecule and emits detectably energy when radiated with excitation energy; anda source of excitation energy that emits in the UV to IR range for irradiating the detecting molecule.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic material comprises silver or gold.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the low power microwave energy is from 30 mwatts to 200 watts.4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic material is positioned on a substrate.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the substrate is glass claim 4 , quartz or a polymeric material.6. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting molecule is an intrinsic fluorophore.7. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting molecule is attached to an extrinsic fluorophore.8. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic material is in the form of a three dimensional matrix claim 1 , wherein metal particles are on the surface of the porous substrate or the metal particles are ...

EXAMINATION SYSTEM WITH SAMPLE INCUBATION

The invention relates to a cartridge() and its use in an examination apparatus(). A sample() can be introduced into an inlet() of the cartridge() and conducted through a channel() to a reaction chamber(). In the reaction chamber(), an examination of the sample takes place, for example by frustrated total internal reflection. An agent() is applied to the sample close to the inlet(), wherein said agent() is preferably stored in a reservoir() at the inlet(). In this way the filling time of the reaction chamber() is simultaneously used for the incubation of the sample with the agent(). Moreover, the filling-course of the cartridge and/or the reaction chamber may preferably be determined and taken into account during the execution of the examination and/or the evaluation of the results. 11101113. A method for the examination of a sample () in a cartridge () with an inlet () and a reaction chamber () , said method comprising the following steps:{'b': '11', 'a) introducing the sample into the inlet ();'}{'b': 11', '21, 'b) applying at the inlet () an agent () to the sample;'}{'b': 12', '11', '13, 'c) letting the sample flow through a channel () from the inlet () to the reaction chamber ();'}{'b': 10', '13, 'd) measuring the filling-course of the cartridge () and/or the reaction chamber ();'}{'b': '13', 'e) examining the sample in the reaction chamber (), wherein the examination procedure and/or its evaluation are adapted according to the determined filling-course.'}2101. A cartridge () for the examination of a sample () , comprising:{'b': '11', 'a) an inlet () where a sample can be introduced;'}{'b': '13', 'b) a reaction chamber () where the sample can be examined;'}{'b': 12', '11', '13, 'c) a channel () connecting the inlet () with the reaction chamber ();'}{'b': 16', '21', '11, 'd) a reservoir () for an agent () with which the sample shall be incubated, said reservoir being located at the inlet (), wherein the examination procedure and/or its evaluation are adapted ...

AUTOMATIC ANALYZER, ANALYSIS METHOD, AND INFORMATION PROCESSOR

An automatic analyzer includes sample vessels containing samples to be measured and reaction vessels in which to mix a sample and a reagent. A sample dispenser dispenses a sample from any of the sample vessels to any of the reaction vessels. A reagent dispenser dispenses a reagent from a reagent vessel to a reaction vessel, and a stirrer stirs the sample-reagent mix contained in the reaction vessel. A photometric measurement unit is provided for obtaining multiple measurement data points during the progress of reaction of a mixed solution. At least one approximation formula is performed and an approximation curve from the measurement data points is generated. A shape descriptor is calculated from the approximation curve and abnormalities based on the shape descriptor are determined. This not only allows abnormalities to be detected accurately from each measurement result, but also allows the causes of the abnormalities to be identified. 1. An automatic analyzer comprising:a sample vessel for containing a sample to be measured;a reagent vessel for containing a reagent to be reacted with the sample;a reaction vessel in which to mix the sample and the reagent;a sample dispenser for dispensing the sample from the sample vessel into the reaction vessel;a reagent dispenser for dispensing the reagent from the reagent vessel into the reaction vessel;a stirrer for stirring the sample and the reagent contained in the reaction vessel to obtain a mixed solution;a measurement section for obtaining a plurality of measurement data points during the progress of reaction of the mixed solution;a storage section for storing one or more approximation formula to generate an approximation curve from the measurement data points; anda data processing section having a calculation section for selecting at least one approximation formula and generating an approximation curve from the measurement data points to calculate a shape descriptor from the approximation curve generated and an ...

PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM

A preliminary diagnostic system comprising a reading station and at least one card comprising an integrated circuit and adapted to be read by the reading station, the integrated circuit of the card comprising a hydraulic circuit and a detection circuit, the card containing a reagent which is adapted to react to the presence of a marker of a disease, the hydraulic circuit being adapted to receive a sample of a biological liquid and to introduce the reagent in the sample, the detection circuit being adapted to detect the presence of the marker in the sample, the absence of the marker of the disease indicating the absence of the disease in the sample. 1. A preliminary diagnostic system , comprising a reading station and at least one card comprising an integrated circuit and adapted to be read by said reading station , said integrated circuit of said card comprising a hydraulic circuit and a detection circuit , said card containing a reagent which is adapted to react to the presence of a marker of a disease , said hydraulic circuit being adapted to receive a sample of a biological liquid and to introduce said reagent in said sample , said detection circuit being adapted to detect the presence of said marker in said sample , the absence of said marker of said disease indicating the absence of said disease in said sample.2. The preliminary diagnostic system according to claim 1 , wherein said hydraulic circuit comprises at least one reaction chamber which is adapted to contain a mixture of said sample of said biological liquid and of said reagent.3. The preliminary diagnostic system according to claim 1 , wherein said hydraulic circuit comprises at least one control valve.4. The preliminary diagnostic system according to claim 1 , wherein said hydraulic circuit comprises a chamber for collecting said reagent and a chamber for collecting said sample of said biological liquid claim 1 , said chamber for collecting said biological liquid being accessible by said reading ...

INCREASING THE USABLE DYNAMIC RANGE IN PHOTOMETRY

An optical device for determining the presence and/or concentration of analytes in a sample is presented. The optical device comprises a detector and a detection unit comprising optical path components. The detection unit has wavelength-dependent responsivity. The optical device further comprises a light source for emitting light of different respective usable wavelength ranges. The light is guidable through the optical path to the detector to generate baseline signals and response signals relative to the baseline signal indicative of the presence and/or concentration of analytes in the optical path. The intensity of the light reaching the detector is adjusted inverse to the wavelength-dependent responsivity with respect to at least two respective usable wavelength ranges so that a reduction of the ratio between the maximum baseline signal at one of the selected usable wavelength ranges and the minimum baseline signal at another of the selected usable wavelength ranges is obtained. 1. An optical device for determining the presence and/or concentration of analytes in a sample , the optical device comprising:a detection unit comprising optical path components and a detector, wherein the detection unit having a wavelength-dependent responsivity (Rdu(λ)); anda light source comprising at least a first and a second light emitting elements for emitting light of different respective usable wavelength ranges, wherein the light from the light source is guidable through an optical path to the detector to generate baseline signals at the respective usable wavelength ranges and to generate response signals relative to the baseline signals when a sample is located in the optical path, wherein the response signals being indicative of the presence and/or concentration of analytes in the sample;wherein intensity of at least the first and the second light emitting elements is inverse to the wavelength-dependent responsivity (Rdu(λ)) of the detection unit with respect to at least the ...

DEVICE FOR RAPID DETECTION OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS

A portable system for real time detection of the presence of an infectious agent in a biological sample employs a reagent which detects the presence of a specific infectious agent in the sample, and emits a detectable signal when the reagent reacts with the sample and detects the presence of the infectious agent. A test cartridge has a reaction chamber for receiving the sample and the reagent. The reaction chamber has a predetermined internal geometry and at least one inner surface. Introducing the sample and the reagent into the test cartridge mixes the sample and the reagent. A testing unit receives the test cartridge, and includes a sensor for detecting an emitted detectable signal. The detection of the emitted detectable signal is indicative of the presence of the infectious agent in the sample. 1. A system for rapidly detecting the presence of an infectious agent in a biological sample , comprising:a. a first reagent operative to: (i) detect the presence of a specific infectious agent in a sample to be tested, and (ii) emit a detectable signal when the first reagent reacts with the sample and detects the presence of the specific infectious agent in the sample;b. a test cartridge having a reaction chamber for receiving the sample and the first reagent, the reaction chamber having a predetermined internal geometry and at least one inner surface, and wherein introducing the sample and the first reagent into the test cartridge mixes the sample and the first reagent; andc. a testing unit adapted to receive the test cartridge, the testing unit including a sensor for detecting an emitted detectable signal, the detection of the emitted detectable signal being indicative of the presence of the infectious agent in the sample, wherein detection of the specific infectious agent in the sample occurs in real time.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the emitted detectable signal is light and the sensor is a photomultiplier tube having an active surface claim 1 , and wherein ...

IMMOBILISED-BEAD IMMUNOMULTIPLEX ASSAY

Embodiments of this invention include image-based systems and methods for detection of one or more analytes. A surface has identifiable analyte-specific capture particle(s) immobilised thereto at any point of an assay, to which different analytes attach due to the affinity of analyte-specific capture molecule(s) linked to the surface of the capture particle(s) for the analyte. Analyte-specific detector molecules with conjugated detection moieties are then attached to the analyte, and a computer assisted, image-based detection system captures images of the capture particles with or without attached analytes and detector molecules. By using different subsets of analyte-specific capture molecules, each subset having a characteristic identifiable feature; it is now possible to perform capture particle-based, rapid multiplex assays of biological and non-biological analytes without flow. These image-based systems can be used to aid in diagnosis of disease, evaluation of therapy for disease, or laboratory investigation. 1. A non-flow based multi-analyte detection system not requiring remobilisation of capture particles , comprising: (i) at least one capture particle identification parameter that distinguishes said first type of said analyte-specific capture particle from another type of capture particle,', '(ii) said first type of analyte-specific capture molecule having a binding moiety specific for a first analyte, said binding moiety attached to said capture particle;, '(1) a first type of analyte-specific capture particle permanently immobilised on a detection surface, said capture particle having (i) an analyte-specific binding moiety; and', '(ii) a luminescent moiety having an identification parameter different from that of said first type of capture particle;, '(2) a first type of analyte-specific detector molecules, each of said detector molecules having (i) at least one capture particle identification parameter that is different from the capture particle ...

ANALYTE MONITOR

An analyte meter for an analyte test strip includes a light source configured to emit a light having a wavelength substantially similar to the maximum absorption band of Hb, an optics assembly configured to direct the light emitted by the light source to a test strip, and a photodetector configured to quantitatively detect light emanating from the test strip and to generate a signal correlating to an analyte concentration in the test strip. 1. An analyte meter for an analyte test strip , comprising:a housing;a light source in the housing configured to emit a light having a wavelength substantially similar to the maximum absorption band of Hb;an optics assembly configured to direct the light emitted by the light source to a test strip; anda photodetector configured to quantitatively detect light emanating from the test strip and to generate a signal correlating to an analyte concentration in the test strip.2. The analyte meter according to claim 1 , wherein the light source is configured to emit a green light having a wavelength ranging between 525-535 nm.3. The analyte meter according to claim 2 , wherein the green light has a wavelength of 530 nm.4. The analyte meter according to claim 1 , further comprising a refracting element for directing the light to the test strip claim 1 , the refracting element comprising a plurality of lenses.5. The analyte meter according to claim 4 , wherein the plurality of lenses are arranged in an array.6. The analyte meter according to claim 5 , wherein prior to the light reaching the test strip claim 5 , the array of the plurality of lenses is the last surface area through which light travels.7. The analyte meter according to claim 5 , wherein the plurality of lenses in the array of lenses are uniformly spaced apart from one another.8. The analyte meter according to claim 5 , wherein there are more than 10 lenses arranged in the array of lenses.9. The analyte meter according to claim 8 , wherein the number of lenses in the array ...

Assays for detection of glycosaminoglycans

Disclosed herein are novel methods, assays and kits useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of subjects with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), The methods, assays and kits are particularly useful for detecting the presence of one or more glycosaminoglycans which correlate to MPS and its severity in a variety of biological samples.

ASSAY FOR ANALYTES BASED ON AGGREGATION

The present invention relates to compositions, assay devices, kits and methods for detecting the presence, amount and/or activity of an analyte in a sample. In particular, the present invention relates to the detection of enzymes. The present invention also relates to methods of diagnosing diseases associated with dysregulation of enzymes, screening for modulators of enzymatic activity, candidate antimicrobial peptides and toxins. 1. A composition comprising:a) a plurality of signal particles functionalised with at least one binding moiety;b) a plurality of carrier particles;c) a plurality of linker molecules contained within said carrier particles, wherein said linker molecules are capable of associating with the at least one binding moiety on said signal particles to cause aggregation of said signal particles.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said signal particles comprise particles that produce a measurable change upon aggregation claim 1 , wherein said measurable change optionally comprises a change in optical absorption.3. (canceled)4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said signal particles are selected from the group consisting of microparticles and nanoparticles claim 1 , wherein said nanoparticles are optionally selected from the group consisting of spherical nanoparticles claim 1 , nanotubes claim 1 , nanorods claim 1 , metal nanoparticles claim 1 , semiconducting nanoparticles claim 1 , core-shell nanoparticles claim 1 , polymer nanoparticles claim 1 , gold nanoparticles claim 1 , silver nanoparticles claim 1 , nanoparticles comprising ferrous or cobalt-based metals claim 1 , quantum dots claim 1 , polymer microcapsules and polymer nanocapsules.57.-. (canceled)8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said at least one binding moiety comprises a carbohydrate or a polymer.1011.-. (canceled)12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said carrier particle comprises a liquid core surrounded by a surface layer claim 1 , wherein said surface layer ...

Method for determining the concentration of beta-D-glucan

Method of selectively determining the concentration of beta-glucan in samples, in particular in liquid samples of cereal origin, and a kit for such analysis. The method comprises the steps of contacting of a beta-glucan containing sample and a dye in liquid phase, complexing the beta-glucan with the dye to provide a modified liquid phase, measuring photometrically the absorbance of the modified liquid phase, and determining the concentration of beta-glucan based on the absorbance of the modified liquid phase. According to the invention, the dye comprises a Calcofluor dye such as Calcofluor White or Calcofluor White M2R. It has been found that the same reagent, or reagent of the kind basic kind, gives the same result when the sample is measured using photometry as when the dye is used in a reaction wherein fluorescence is measured. 1. Method of selectively determining beta-D-glucan in a sample , comprising the steps ofcontacting of the sample and a Calcofluor dye at a buffered pH of 7 to 10;complexing the beta-glucan with the dye;measuring photometrically the absorbance of the complex at a wavelength of 380 to 450 nm; anddetermining the concentration of the complexed portion of the beta-glucan based on the absorbance thus obtained.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the absorbance is measured at a main wavelength of 380 to 450 nm and at a side wavelength of 500 to 800 nm.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dye is reconstituted to a pH in the range of 9 to 11 claim 1 , and reaction is buffered to a pH in the range of 7 to 10.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the dye comprises a liquid composition of the dye in liquid phase which additional contains a buffering agent.5. The method according to claim 1 , comprising carrying out a quantitative claim 1 , end-point determination of the beta-glucan.6. The method according to claim 1 , comprising determining beta-glucan having a molecular weight in excess of 10.000 Da.7. The method according ...

Uniform, Functionalized, Cross-Linked Nanostructures for Monitoring pH

Described herein are optical agents, including compositions, preparations and formulations, for monitoring the pH of a fluid. Optical agents described herein include photonic nanostructures and nanoassemblies including supramolecular structures, such as shell cross-linked micelles, that incorporate at least one linking group comprising one or more photoactive moieties that provide functionality as exogenous agents for a range of pH monitoring applications. Optical agents described herein comprise supramolecular structures having linking groups imparting useful optical and structural functionality. In an embodiment, for example, the presence of linking groups function to covalently cross link polymer components to provide a cross-linked shell stabilized supramolecular structure, and also impart useful optical functionality, for example by functioning as a fluorophore. 1. A method of measuring the pH of a fluid , the method comprising: cross-linked block copolymers, wherein each of the block copolymers comprises one or more hydrophilic blocks and one or more hydrophobic blocks; and', 'linking groups covalently cross linking at least a portion of the hydrophilic blocks of the block copolymers, wherein at least a portion of the linking groups comprise one or more photoactive moieties;', 'wherein the optical agent forms a supramolecular structure in aqueous solution, the supramolecular structure having one or more interior hydrophobic cores and one or more covalently cross-linked hydrophilic shells, wherein the one or more interior hydrophobic cores comprise the hydrophobic blocks of the block copolymers, and the one or more covalently cross-linked hydrophilic shells comprise the hydrophilic blocks of the block copolymers;, 'administering to the fluid an effective amount of an optical agent, the optical agent comprisingexposing the optical agent to electromagnetic radiation; wherein the optical agent emits fluorescence in response to the exposure to the electromagnetic ...

OPTICAL HEADS AND SEQUENCING APPARATUSES INCLUDING THE SAME

A sequencing apparatus may include a bio-disk having reaction regions in which nucleic acids are polymerized; a stage configured to revolve around an axis, the stage including optical heads for detecting lights emitted from the plurality of reaction regions due to the polymerization of the nucleic acids; and/or a control unit configured to generate data regarding base sequences of the nucleic acids in the reaction regions based on wavelengths of the lights detected by the plurality of optical heads. An optical head may include a light emitting unit configured to emit light toward a reaction region in which nucleic acids are polymerized; a light receiving unit configured to receive the light emitted by the light emitting unit; a de-multiplexing unit configured to de-multiplex the light received by the light receiving unit; and/or a plurality of photoelectric converting units configured to convert the de-multiplexed light to electrical signals. 1. A sequencing apparatus , comprising:a bio-disk having arranged thereon a plurality of reaction regions in which nucleic acids are polymerized;a stage configured to revolve around a revolving axis, the stage including a plurality of optical heads for detecting lights emitted from the plurality of reaction regions due to the polymerization of the nucleic acids; anda control unit configured to generate data regarding base sequences of the nucleic acids in the plurality of reaction regions based on wavelengths of the lights detected by the plurality of optical heads.2. The sequencing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of optical heads comprise a plurality of first optical heads claim 1 , andwherein the plurality of first optical heads is arranged to be a same distance apart from the revolving axis.3. The sequencing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of reaction regions comprise a plurality of first reaction regions that are arranged to be a first distance apart from a center of the bio-disk and are arranged ...

BLUE-COLORED GOLD NANOPARTICLES FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT, PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF SAME, AND MEASUREMENT METHOD USING SAME

Gold nanoparticles which comprises organic buffer containing a piperazine ring, gold, and an organic acid having reducing properties and which shows a blue color by visually view when it is dispersed as a colloidal solution, can be produced easily by conducting a nucleus formation step by reacting organic acid containing a piperazine ring with a solution of a first gold salt to form nucleus gold nanoparticles and a growth step by simultaneously adding and reacting a solution of a second gold salt and an organic acid having reducing properties with a solution of the nucleus gold nanoparticle to grow the nucleus gold nanoparticles. The produced gold nanoparticles can be used as labeling particles in an immunological measurement method. 1. The blue-colored gold nanoparticles having an average particle nucleus size of from 20 to 60 nm , an average particle size of from 50 to 120 nm , four or more protrusions per nucleus , and a protrusion length of from 5 to 50 nm.2. The blue-colored gold nanoparticles according to claim 1 , wherein the maximum absorption wavelength in ultraviolet visible absorption spectra falls within a range of from 570 to 800 nm.3. The blue-colored gold nanoparticles according to claim 1 , wherein the gold nanoparticles are graft-shaped particles claim 1 , multipod-shaped particles claim 1 , or confeito-shaped particles having a three-dimensional protrusion.4. The blue-colored gold nanoparticles according to claim 1 , obtained by growing the periphery of the nucleus composed of gold nanoparticles.5. A colloidal solution of blue-colored gold nanoparticles claim 1 , comprising the blue-colored gold nanoparticles as described in ; organic acid containing a piperazine ring which is a Good's buffer component; and an organic acid having reducing properties and is dispersed as a colloidal solution.6. A method for producing blue-colored gold nanoparticles claim 1 , comprising a nucleus formation step by reacting organic acid containing a piperazine ring ...

FLOW RATE MEASUREMENT APPARATUS, ANTIGEN CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT APPARATUS, FLOW CELL, FLOW RATE MEASUREMENT METHOD, AND ANTIGEN CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT METHOD

A flow rate measurement apparatus includes a light oscillator; a thin metallic film which causes surface plasmon resonance by light output from the light oscillator; a focusing unit which fixes the thin metallic film and converts the output light of the light oscillator into incident light having a plurality of incident angles to focus the incident light at a location of a focal line in a straight line shape on the thin metallic film; a measurement part having antibody fixed areas to which an antibody is fixed and reference areas to which an antibody is not fixed, the antibody fixed areas and the reference areas being alternately arranged at a location along the focal line location on the thin metallic film; a light receiver which receives reflected light, at the focal line location, of the output light by surface plasmon resonance occurring at the focal line location, at each of the plurality of incident light angles; an SPR angle calculator which obtains a temporal change of an SPR angle in each of the antibody fixed areas and the reference areas in the measurement part; and a flow rate operation unit which calculates the flow rate of the sample flowing in the flow cell based on the temporal change of the SPR angle obtained by the SPR angle calculator. 1. A flow rate measurement method of measuring a flow rate of a sample flowing in a long flow cell using a flow rate measurement apparatus comprising: a light oscillator , a thin metallic film which causes surface plasmon resonance by light output from the light oscillator; a focusing unit which fixes the thin metallic film and converts the output light of the light oscillator into incident light having a plurality of incident angles to focus the incident light at a location of a focal line in a straight line shape on the thin metallic film; a measurement part having antibody fixed areas to which an antibody is fixed and reference areas to which an antibody is not fixed , the antibody fixed areas and the reference ...

INTEGRATED MICROFLUIDIC RADIOASSAY AND IMAGING PLATFORM FOR SMALL SAMPLE ANALYSIS

An immunocapture-based in vitro kinase assay on an integrated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidics platform that can reproducibly measure kinase activity from as few as 3,000 cells is described. For this platform, the standard radiometric P-ATP labeled phosphate transfer assay was adopted. Implementation on a microfluidic device required the development of methods for repeated trapping and mixing of solid-phase affinity micro beads. A solid state beta-particle camera imbedded directly below the microfluidic device was used to provide real-time quantitative detection of the signal from this and other microfluidic radio bioassays. The integrated device can measure ABL protein kinase activity from BCR-ABL positive leukemia patient samples, and can measure the small molecule phosphorylation such as phosphorylation of the deoxycytidine analog F-FAC by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) isolated from cell lysates. 1. An apparatus for performing a microfluidic radioactivity based assay , comprising:a microfluidic chip with a microchannel system and at least one reaction element adapted to capture radioactively labeled molecules; anda solid state radiation detector coupled to the microfluidic chip;wherein radiation emitted from said microfluidic chip is detected.2. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein said reaction element comprises:a plurality of reaction columns retaining affinity beads fluidly connected to the microchannel system of the microchip.3. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein said reaction element comprises:a plurality of reaction columns retaining surface functionalized beads fluidly connected to the microchannel system of the microchip.4. An apparatus as recited in claim 3 , wherein said surface functionalized beads are functionalized with a coating of a plurality of enzyme specific antibodies claim 3 , wherein enzymes disposed in a liquid flow through the reaction column bind to the antibodies on the surface of the beads.5. An apparatus as ...

Integrated Analytical System and Method

An analytical assembly within a unified device structure for integration into an analytical system. The analytical assembly is scalable and includes a plurality of analytical devices, each of which includes a reaction cell, an optical sensor, and at least one optical element positioned in optical communication with both the reaction cell and the sensor and which delivers optical signals from the cell to the sensor. Additional elements are optionally integrated into the analytical assembly. Methods for forming and operating the analytical system are also disclosed. 1. A system for measuring analytical reactions comprising: a nanoscale aperture within an aperture layer, the aperture forming a fluid receiving nanoscale well for receiving a fluid including fluorescent species;', 'above the aperture layer a fluidic layer in fluidic contact with the nanoscale well;', 'below the aperture layer a waveguide layer that provides illumination to the nanoscale well, the waveguide layer comprising an array of channel waveguides, each channel waveguide extending across a plurality of optode elements;', 'below the waveguide layer a transmission layer that transmits light emitted from the fluorescent species in the nanoscale well to a detector layer; and', 'below the transmission layer the detector layer comprising a detector which receives and detects the emitted light from the nanoscale well and transmitted through the transmission layer;, 'a socket for holding an optode array chip comprising a two dimensional array of optode elements, each optode element comprisinga fluidics delivery system for delivering fluid to the optode array elements; and 'wherein the socket has electrical contacts that mate with electrical contacts on the chip, whereby electrical signals from the detector relating to detected emitted light are transmitted off of the chip through the electrical contacts.', 'an illumination system that delivers illumination to waveguides of the optode array elements;'}2. The ...

Surface Modified Metal Nano-Particle and Use Thereof

The present invention provides a metal nanoparticle that is surface-modified with a hydrophilic or hydrophobic functional group, and a composition for optical detection comprising the same. The surface-modified nanoparticles according to the present invention form clusters suitable for optical detection, for example, suitable as an X-ray contrast agent, and have surface plasmon energy in the visible region, thereby being usefully applied to a variety of optical detection methods. 1. A method for optically detecting a biological sample with a composition comprising a surface-modified metal nanoparticle comprising:introducing a surface-modifying material to a metal nanoparticle;injecting the composition comprising the surface-modified metal nanoparticle into the biological sample; anddetecting the biological sample by performing X-ray imaging, UV spectroscopy, or fluorescence analysis of the surface-modifying material of the surface-modified metal nanoparticle,wherein a particle diameter of the metal nanoparticle ranges from 10 to 30 nm, and the surface-modifying material is a linear or branched alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.2. The method for optically detecting a biological sample with a composition comprising a surface-modified metal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein the metal nanoparticle is selected from the group consisting of gold claim 1 , silver claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , iron claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , and zirconia.3. The method for optically detecting a biological sample with a composition comprising a surface-modified metal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein the surface-modifying material is introduced on the metal nanoparticle surface through a functional group selected from the group consisting of thiol group claim 1 , carboxyl group claim 1 , amine group claim 1 , aldehyde group claim 1 , ketone group claim 1 , peroxide group claim 1 , alkene group having 3 to 500 carbon atoms claim ...

INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTION MEASUREMENT METHOD, MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR USE IN THE METHOD, AND PROGRAM

A measuring method of an intermolecular interaction for optically measuring an intermolecular interaction between a plurality of substances on a thin film, the method comprising: detecting intensity at a first wavelength of reflected light or transmitted light before start of the intermolecular interaction with a detection unit which detects the reflected light from the thin film or the transmitted light transmitted through the thin film; detecting intensity at the first wavelength of the reflected light or the transmitted light after the start of the intermolecular interaction with the detection unit; and calculating a difference in intensity of the reflected light or the transmitted light at the first wavelength between before and after the start of the intermolecular interaction. 1. A measuring method of an intermolecular interaction for optically measuring an intermolecular interaction between a plurality of substances on a thin film , the method comprising:detecting intensity at a first wavelength of reflected light or transmitted light before start of the intermolecular interaction with a detection unit which detects the reflected light from the thin film or the transmitted light transmitted through the thin film;detecting intensity at the first wavelength of the reflected light or the transmitted light after the start of the intermolecular interaction with the detection unit; andcalculating a difference in intensity of the reflected light or the transmitted light at the first wavelength between before and after the start of the intermolecular interaction.2. The measuring method of an intermolecular interaction of claim 1 , whereinthe intensity of the reflected light is spectral intensity of the reflected light or a value containing the spectral intensity of the reflected light as a variable, or the intensity of the transmitted light is spectral intensity of the transmitted light or a value containing the spectral intensity of the transmitted light as a ...

Isotopic Chemical Analysis using Optical Spectra from Laser Ablation

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to performing isotopic analysis of a sample. In one aspect a method includes applying laser energy to a region of a sample with a laser to generate a plasma and recording a spectrum generated by a plurality of molecular species in the plasma with a device. 1. A method comprising:(a) applying laser energy to a region of a sample with a laser to generate a plasma; and(b) recording a spectrum generated by a plurality of molecular species in the plasma with a device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is in a solid phase claim 1 , a liquid phase claim 1 , or a gas phase.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:after operation (a), allowing the plasma to react with species in the surrounding environment to form the plurality of molecular species.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein operation (a) includes a process selected from the group consisting of ablating the sample with the applied laser energy claim 1 , vaporizing the sample with the applied laser energy claim 1 , desorbing the sample with the applied laser energy claim 1 , and applying the laser energy in a pulse of the laser energy.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein operation (a) includes applying a first pulse of laser energy at a first angle with respect to the sample and applying a second pulse of laser energy at a second angle with respect to the first angle.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein operation (b) is selected from the group consisting of recording the spectrum with visible spectroscopy claim 1 , recording the spectrum with ultraviolet spectroscopy claim 1 , recording the spectrum with infrared spectroscopy claim 1 , recording the spectrum with near-infrared spectroscopy claim 1 , recording direct optical emission of the plurality of molecular species claim 1 , recording optical absorption of the plurality of molecular species claim 1 , recording induced fluorescence of the plurality of molecular species claim 1 , recording ...

SMOKE ANALYSIS CHARACTERIZATION CELL

The invention relates to a smoke analysis characterization cell employing optical spectroscopy, which comprises: a reaction chamber, an inlet orifice for injecting smoke into the reaction chamber; an outlet orifice for discharging the smoke from the reaction chamber; and an analysis window for the entry of a laser beam intended to form the plasma inside the reaction chamber, which cell is characterized in that the system further includes a blower for blowing an inert gas close to the analysis window; and a shielding gas injector for the shielded injection of the smoke into the reaction chamber, the shielding being provided by a jet of inert gas around the smoke. 1. A characterisation cell for smoke analysis , by optical spectrometry comprising:a reaction chamber;an inlet orifice for the inlet of smoke inside the reaction chamber;an outlet orifice for the evacuation of smoke from the reaction chamber;an analysis window for entry of a laser beam intended to form the plasma inside the reaction chamber;wherein the cell further comprises:a fan for ensuring scanning of inert gas in the vicinity of the analysis window; anda coaxial shielding injector for shielded injection of smoke inside the reaction chamber, the shielding being ensured by a jet of inert gas around the smoke.2. The cell of claim 1 , also comprising an arm extending from the reaction chamber and one free end of which is closed by the analysis window claim 1 , this arm being formed in two parts of different straight cross-sections claim 1 , the larger cross-section part being arranged to the side of the analysis window and the smaller cross-section part being arranged to the side of the reaction chamber to form a Venturi and to ensure overpressure to the side of the window.3. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the flow rate of inert gas generated by the fan and optionally the Venturi is adjustable.4. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the flow rate of inert gas generated by the coaxial shielding injector is ...

AUTOMATIC ANALYZER

An automatic analyzer according to the present invention is compact, mounting great number of reagents, having high processing ability. Reagent disks are arranged at inside and outside of a reaction disk. A reagent probe can inject a reagent into the position which is common position of both reagent disks. One of plural reagent probes approaches to one of reagent disks at one cycle. Plural reagent probes alternatively approach to the reagent disk. Therefore, the first reagents and the second reagents can be placed on both reagent disks. The mounting number of reagents can be increased without enlarging an analyzer. The cycle time can be shortened to make an automatic analyzer to have high processing ability. 1. An automatic analyzer comprising:reagent disks including a first reagent disk and a second reagent disk for arranging on circumferences thereof plural reagent containers, each of the first reagent disk and the second reagent disk arranging a first reagent container receiving a first reagent dispensed at a first timing and a second reagent container receiving a second reagent dispensed at a second timing or a third timing;a reaction disk for arranging on a circumference thereof plural reaction cells;a first reagent dispensing probe for sucking the first reagents from the first reagent containers arranged on the first regent disk and the second reagent disk, the first reagent dispensing probe injecting the first reagent into a first reagent injection position of the reaction disk;a second reagent dispensing probe for sucking the second reagents from the second reagent containers arranged on the first reagent disk and the second reagent disk, the second reagent dispensing probe injecting the second reagent into a second reagent injection position of the reaction disk;an analysis section for analyzing reactions of samples and reagents received in the reaction cells; anda controller, the controller configured to:control the first reagent dispensing probe to suck ...

LAB ON A CHIP

A Lab On a Chip (LOC) has a Sample Preparation Module (SPM) coupled to a sample inlet, a microchannel coupled to the SPM, and an optic module optically proximate to the microchannel. The optic module holds multiple lenses, each of which has a different effective focal length, such that all fields of focus within the microchannel are covered as objects suspended within the liquid sample pass through the microchannel. 1. A Lab On a Chip (LOC) comprising:a sample inlet for receiving a liquid sample;a Sample Preparation Module (SPM) coupled to the sample inlet, wherein the SPM comprises:a mixing chamber;a reagent chamber containing a reagent;a first semi-permeable membrane oriented between the mixing chamber and the reagent chamber;a pressure chamber containing a non-reagent fluid;a second semi-permeable membrane oriented between the pressure chamber and the reagent chamber; anda tuned energy source, wherein the tuned energy source selectively causes the non-reagent fluid in the pressure chamber to expand and pass through the second semi-permeable membrane to pressurize contents of the reagent chamber, and wherein pressurizing the contents of the reagent chamber forces the reagent across the first semi-permeable membrane in order to mix the reagent with the liquid sample;a microchannel coupled to the SPM;a light source;an optic module optically proximate to the microchannel;a plurality of lenses within the optic module, wherein each of the plurality of lenses has a different effective focal length for focusing light images of objects suspended within the liquid sample as light from the light source illuminates the objects passing through the microchannel in different strata of the microchannel; andan image processing component within the optic module, wherein the image processing component generates a digital image of the light images of the objects.2. The LOC of claim 1 , wherein different effective focal lengths are achieved by each of the plurality of lenses being ...

METHOD OF OPERATING AN OPTOCHEMICAL SENSOR

An optochemical sensing device has source that emits radiation of a first and a second predetermined intensity, a detector, and a sensitive element that comprises a signal substance. To measure an analyte in a measurement medium, the sensitive element is contacted with the analyte. A first raw signal, which is dependent on the analyte content is obtained by exciting the signal substance with radiation of the first predetermined intensity. At a later time, a second raw signal is also obtained. A comparison of the raw signals yields a comparison value, which is compared against a predetermined limit value. If the comparison value exceeds the limit value, the radiation source is set at the first intensity. If the comparison value is smaller than the limit value, the radiation source is set at the lower second intensity. Using the lower radiation intensity prolongs the life of the sensitive element. 1. A method for operating a device that optochemically senses an analyte , the device comprising a radiation source that emits radiation of a first and a second predetermined intensity , a detector , and a sensitive element that comprises a signal substance based upon the analyte , the method comprising the steps of:a) contacting the sensitive element with the analyte, effecting interaction of the signal substance therewith;b) determining a first raw signal, representing a function of the analyte content at a first point in time, by exciting the signal substance with radiation of the first predetermined intensity, generating a signal that is collected by the detector;c) determining a subsequent raw signal, representing a function of the analyte content at a subsequent point in time, by exciting the signal substance with radiation of one of the predetermined intensities, generating a signal that is collected by the detector;d) calculating at least one comparison value that depends on at least two of the raw signals; if the calculated comparison value is greater than or equal ...

OPTICAL SENSOR FOR DETERMINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND CONCENTRATION

The present disclosure generally relates to a dye that signals when the concentration of a quaternary ammonium compound in antimicrobial solution changes. A sensor is used to monitor changes in the dye wavelength as an indicator of the quat concentration. The use of a sensor leads to improved precision in measuring quat concentration by eliminating or reducing operator bias in reading color or wavelength changes. The dye can be incorporated into a variety of articles including towels, labels, containers, buckets, trays, sinks, spray bottles, liners for containers, buckets, sinks, or spray bottles, indictor wands or strips, and test kits. 1. A system for determining the concentration of a quaternary ammonium compound comprising:(a) an article;(b) a dye located on or integral with the article, wherein the dye has a first wavelength at a first concentration of a quaternary ammonium compound and a second wavelength at a second concentration of a quaternary ammonium compound; and(c) a sensor having an output related to the quaternary ammonium compound concentration.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dye is a first wavelength at a concentration above 100 ppm of the quaternary ammonium compound and a second wavelength at a concentration below 100 ppm of the quaternary ammonium compound.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dye is pH stable.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of a dispenser claim 1 , a bucket claim 1 , a sink claim 1 , a spray bottle claim 1 , an applicator claim 1 , a strip claim 1 , a coupon claim 1 , a label claim 1 , a cloth claim 1 , a probe claim 1 , and a sprayer dip tube.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the dye is integral with the article and the article is selected from the group consisting of a dispenser claim 4 , a bucket and a sink6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the sensor is incorporated into the wall of the article.7. The system of claim 4 , wherein the article is a label.8. The ...

LIGHT ADDRESSING BIOSENSOR CHIP AND METHOD OF DRIVING THE SAME

Provided is a biosensor chip. The biosensor chip includes a plurality of biosensor cells that are arranged in a matrix and selectively generate and output a sensed signal by addressing of external light, at least one sensing line that is simultaneously connected with the plurality of biosensor cells and transmits the sensed signal from one selected from the biosensor cells, and an output terminal that receives the sensed signal from the sensing line and outputs the sensed signal to an external reader. Thus, the biosensor cells are set in array in the biosensor chip without a separate driving unit, so that a process of manufacturing the biosensor chip is simplified. The biosensor cell to be sensed is selectively addressed through the external light, so that it is possible to reduce a price of the biosensor chip used as a disposable chip. 1. A biosensor chip comprising:a plurality of biosensor cells having:photoelectric elements arranged in a matrix, and selectively turned on to generate a reference electric signal by addressing of external light; andbiosensors receiving the reference electric signal, and generating and outputting a sensed signal caused by a reaction between probe molecules and target molecules on a basis of the reference electric signal;at least one sensing line simultaneously connected with the plurality of biosensor cells, and transmitting the sensed signal from one selected from the biosensor cells; andoutput terminal receiving the sensed signal from the sensing line, and outputting the sensed signal to an external reader.2. The biosensor chip according to claim 1 , wherein the biosensor has resistance changed by the reaction between the probe molecules and the target molecules.3. The biosensor chip according to claim 1 , wherein the photoelectric element includes:a solar cell generating a turn-on voltage by the addressing of the external light; anda transistor turned on by the turn-on voltage of the solar cell and transmitting the reference ...

TEST DEVICE AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

A test device and a control method thereof are provided. The test device includes a rotary drive unit to rotate the microfluidic device, a light emitting element to emit light onto the microfluidic device, a detection module arranged at a position facing the light emitting element and provided with a light receiving element to receive light emitted from the light emitting element and transmitted through the microfluidic device, a detection module drive unit to move the detection module in a radial direction, and a controller to control the rotary drive unit and the detection module drive unit. 1. A test device to detect a detection object of a microfluidic device , the test device comprising:a rotary drive unit configured to rotate the microfluidic device;a light emitting element configured to emit light onto the microfluidic device;a detection module disposed at a position facing the light emitting element, and having a light receiving element configured to receive light emitted from the light emitting element and transmitted through the microfluidic device when the microfluidic device is positioned between the detection module and the light emitting element;a detection module drive unit configured to move the detection module in a radial direction relative to the microfluidic device; anda controller configured to control the rotary drive unit and the detection module drive unit such that a detection object within the microfluidic device is in alignment with the light receiving element.2. The test device according to claim 1 , wherein the light emitting element comprises a backlight unit as a surface light source.3. The test device according to claim 1 , wherein the light receiving element comprises a charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor.4. The test device according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to control the detection module drive unit to move the detection module in a radial ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS PROVIDING ANALYTICAL DEVICE AND OPERATING METHOD BASED ON SOLID STATE IMAGE

An analytical system-on-a-chip can be used as an analytical imaging device, for example, for detecting the presence of a chemical compound. A layer of analytical material is formed on a transparent layer overlying a solid state image sensor. The analytical material can react in known ways with at least one reactant to block light or to allow light to pass through to the array. The underlying sensor array, in turn, can process the presence, absence or amount of light into a digitized signal output. The system-on-a-chip may also include software that can detect and analyze the output signals of the device. 1. An analytical imaging system comprising:a CMOS imager comprising a pixel array having a plurality of pixels including a plurality of imaging pixels and at least one white reference pixel and one black reference pixel, said white and black reference pixels being used to calibrate a response of said plurality of imaging pixels;at least one material layer formed over at least a portion of the pixel array that does not include said white reference pixel, said material layer having optical properties which change when in the presence of one or more reactants;a light source for applying light to said imager through said material layer; anda sensing circuit for sensing a response from said pixel array to said applied light to detect a change in the optical properties of said material layer in accordance with the presence of said one or more reactants.2. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein said material layer is a plurality of different material layers.3. The imaging system of claim 2 , wherein the identity of each of said material layers is pre-determined claim 2 , and said sensing circuit is configured to determine the identity of said one or more reactants.4. The imaging system of claim 2 , wherein the identity of said one or more reactants is pre-determined.5. The imaging system of claim 2 , wherein said plurality of material layers are each different polymers ...

TRIAZACYCLONONANE-BASED PHOSPHINATE LIGAND AND ITS USE FOR MOLECULAR IMAGING

The present invention relates to the field of molecular imaging, i.e. nuclear and fluorescent imaging using metal ion radionuclides in combination with chelates highly functionalized with peptidic, nonpeptidic or protein ligands or additional signalling moieties. 110-. (canceled)13. A chelate comprising at least one chelate ligand as defined in and at least one metal or radiometal.14. The chelate according to claim 13 , wherein the at least one metal or radiometal is selected from the group consisting of La claim 13 , Ce claim 13 , Pr claim 13 , Nd claim 13 , Sm claim 13 , Eu claim 13 , Gd claim 13 , Tb claim 13 , Dy claim 13 , Ho claim 13 , Er claim 13 , Tm claim 13 , Yb claim 13 , Lu claim 13 , Sc claim 13 , Y claim 13 , Al claim 13 , Ga claim 13 , Ge claim 13 , In claim 13 , As claim 13 , Sn claim 13 , Sn claim 13 , Sc claim 13 , Ti claim 13 , V claim 13 , Cr claim 13 , Mn claim 13 , Fe claim 13 , Co claim 13 , Co claim 13 , Ni claim 13 , Cu claim 13 , Cu claim 13 , Zn claim 13 , Cd and mixtures thereof.15. The chelate according to or claim 13 , wherein the at least one radiometal is selected from the group consisting of Sc claim 13 , Sc claim 13 , Co claim 13 , Tc claim 13 , Pb claim 13 , Ga claim 13 , Ga claim 13 , Ga claim 13 , As claim 13 , In claim 13 , In claim 13 , In claim 13 , Ru claim 13 , Cu claim 13 , Cu claim 13 , Fe claim 13 , Mn claim 13 , Cr claim 13 , Re claim 13 , Re claim 13 , As claim 13 , Y claim 13 , Cu claim 13 , Er claim 13 , Sn claim 13 , Sn claim 13 , Te claim 13 , Pr claim 13 , Pr claim 13 , Au claim 13 , Au claim 13 , Tb claim 13 , Tb claim 13 , Pd claim 13 , Dy claim 13 , Pm claim 13 , Pm claim 13 , Sm claim 13 , Gd claim 13 , Ho claim 13 , Tm claim 13 , Yb claim 13 , Yb claim 13 , Lu claim 13 , Rh claim 13 , Ag and mixtures thereof claim 13 , preferably selected from the group consisting of Sc claim 13 , Tc claim 13 , Ga claim 13 , Ga claim 13 , In claim 13 , Cu claim 13 , Re claim 13 , Y claim 13 , Lu and mixtures thereof.16. A ...

MICROFLUIDIC ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR CHEMICAL IMAGING AND ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AT THE ELECTRODE-LIQUID INTERFACE IN-SITU

A microfluidic electrochemical device and process are detailed that provide chemical imaging and electrochemical analysis under vacuum at the surface of the electrode-sample or electrode-liquid interface in-situ. The electrochemical device allows investigation of various surface layers including diffuse layers at selected depths populated with, e.g., adsorbed molecules in which chemical transformation in electrolyte solutions occurs. 1. An electrochemical device for combined electrochemical analysis and chemical imaging of analytes at an electrode-liquid sample interface in-situ under vacuum , comprising:an electrochemical microfluidic flow chamber (cell) that defines a liquid flow path through the flow chamber, the flow chamber includes a support membrane with at least one detection aperture configured to expose a surface of a liquid sample containing one or more analytes to one or more probe beams delivered from an analytical instrument when the liquid sample is introduced past the at least one detection aperture under vacuum, the one or more probe beams when delivered through the at least one detection aperture determines the one or more analytes at the surface of the liquid sample providing chemical imaging thereof;a working electrode configured to apply a selected potential into the liquid sample between the working electrode and a reference electrode that drives reactions of the one or more analytes in the liquid sample as a function of time, space, and/or potential; anda counter electrode configured to measure electrical current stemming from reactions involving the one or more analytes to provide electrochemical analysis and chemical imaging of the analytes in the liquid sample at the surface of the working electrode-sample interface in-situ.2. The electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical device provides simultaneous electrochemical analysis and chemical imaging or individual electrochemical analysis and chemical imaging analyses of a ...

BENZOXAZOLE-BASED FLUORESCENT METAL ION INDICATORS

Disclosed are benzoxazole-based compounds, kits, and methods of producing and using the described compounds in fluorescence-based detection of analytes (e.g., metal ions). Also disclosed are uses of benzoxazole-based compounds as ratiometric metal ion indicators. 2. (canceled)3. The compound of wherein Ris substituted with an alkyl having 1-6 carbons claim 1 , an alkoxy having 1-6 carbons claim 1 , —OH claim 1 , —COOH claim 1 , COO claim 1 , oxygen claim 1 , halogen claim 1 , —SONH claim 1 , or —N—RR claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare independently H or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.4. The compound of wherein Rand Rare independently methyl or ethyl.5. The compound of wherein Rcomprises a heteroatom selected from O claim 1 , N claim 1 , and S.6. The compound of wherein Ris phenyl or a substituted phenyl moiety.13. The compound of wherein M is —N(CHCOOH)or —N(CHOCOCH).14. (canceled)16. The compound of claim 1 , further comprising a counterion selected from Na claim 1 , Li claim 1 , K claim 1 , Tl claim 1 , trialkylammonium and tetraalkylammonium.17. A complex comprising a compound of and a polycationic metal ion.18. The complex of wherein the polycationic metal ion is a divalent metal ion.19. The complex of wherein the polycationic metal ion is Ca claim 17 , Zn claim 17 , Mg claim 17 , Pb claim 17 , Hg claim 17 , or Pb.20. A method of measuring the concentration of a polycationic metal ion in a sample claim 17 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a) combining a compound of with a sample in an amount sufficient to generate a detectable fluorescent response to the metal ion;'}b) illuminating the sample to generate a fluorescence excitation or emission response; andc) observing the absorbance or emission response.21. (canceled)22. The method of wherein the polycationic metal ion is Ca.23. The method of wherein the sample comprises living cells or biological fluids.24. The method of claim 20 , further comprising quantifying the fluorescence ...

LATERAL FLOW ASSAY ANALYSIS

Lateral flow assay analysis is shown and described. In one embodiment, the lateral flow assay comprises a surface having a reflectance profile that is adapted to enable monitoring of the assay continuously until the detection of an analyte. In other embodiments, a lateral flow assay system includes an incubator and a reader, wherein the incubator incubates the assay concurrently as the reader generates a test result. Further, an assay measurement apparatus may include an optical detector to perform continuous image detection of the assay to generate a diagnostic test result. 1. (canceled)2. An assay measurement apparatus to generate a diagnostic test result from an assay , said apparatus comprising:a. an optical detector aligned in an optical path with said assay, wherein said optical detector is adapted to acquire an image detection on said assay due to an aberration on said assay; andb. a microprocessor in communication with said optical detector, wherein said microprocessor is adapted to signal said optical detector to perform continuous image detection of said assay to generate said diagnostic test result.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said optical detector comprises a decoding sensor adapted to align with said assay and decode a reference coding on said assay.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein said reference coding activates a corresponding diagnostic test in said optical detector.5. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein said apparatus includes a multichannel reader and said reference coding activates a corresponding channel in said multichannel reader.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said corresponding channel includes an associated feature chosen from a standard curve claim 5 , a does-response curve claim 5 , a positive cutoff value claim 5 , a negative cutoff value and a combination thereof.7. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein said apparatus includes an incubator and said reference coding activates a corresponding incubation temperature.8. The ...

CASE FOR SPECIMEN ANALYZING KIT, KIT FOR SPECIMEN ANALYZING, SPECIMEN ANALYSIS APPARATUS AND CONTROL METHOD OF SPECIMEN ANALYSIS APPARATUS

Provided is a specimen analysis apparatus. The specimen analysis apparatus includes an image photographing unit photographing an identification code disposed on a kit for specimen analyzing and a specimen reaction result reacting by injecting a specimen into the kit for specimen analyzing and a main body on which the image photographing unit is mounted. The image photographing unit photographs the identification code and the specimen reaction result with a time difference. 1. A specimen analysis apparatus comprising:an image photographing unit photographing an identification code disposed on a kit for specimen analyzing and a specimen reaction result reacting by injecting a specimen into the kit for specimen analyzing; anda main body on which the image photographing unit is mounted,wherein the image photographing unit photographs the identification code and the specimen reaction result with a time difference.2. The specimen analysis apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image photographing unit photographs the identification code and the specimen reaction result according to a change in position due to movement of the kit for specimen analyzing.3. The specimen analysis apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a sensor providing a signal with respect to photographing of the image photographing unit according to a position of the kit for specimen analyzing.4. The specimen analysis apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the sensor comprises a first sensor and a second sensor which respectively provide signals to allow the image photographing unit to photograph the identification code and the specimen reaction result.5. The specimen analysis apparatus of claim 4 , wherein an end of the kit for specimen analyzing successively contacts the first and second sensors to allow the image photographing unit to photograph the identification code and the specimen reaction result.6. The specimen analysis apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image photographing unit photographs the ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING CONCENTRATION OF ADVANCED-OXIDATION ACTIVE SPECIES

A method for measuring the concentration of advanced-oxidation active species includes a step of measuring the absorption characteristics of a wavelength region including the wavelength of 195 to 205 nm of a sample and a step of determining the concentration of the advanced-oxidation active species from the aforementioned measured absorption characteristics on the basis of the absorption coefficient of the advanced-oxidation active species in the wavelength region including the wavelength of 195 to 205 nm. The method and the apparatus can measure the concentration of the advanced-oxidation active species directly in line without the need for adding an additive. 1. A method for measuring a concentration of advanced-oxidation active species using the apparatus according to claim 5 , comprising:a step of measuring the absorption characteristics of the wavelength region including the wavelength of 195 to 205 nm of the sample; anda step of determining the concentration of the advanced-oxidation active species from the measured absorption characteristics on a basis of an absorption coefficient of the advanced-oxidation active species in the wavelength region including the wavelength of 195 to 205 nm.2. The method for measuring a concentration of advanced-oxidation active species according to claim 1 , whereinthe sample contains ozone and hydrogen peroxide, and, in the step of determining the concentration of the advanced-oxidation active species, the concentration of the advanced-oxidation active species is determined from the measured absorption characteristics on the basis of the absorption coefficients of the advanced-oxidation active species, ozone, and hydrogen peroxide in the wavelength region including the wavelength of 195 to 205 nm.3. The method for measuring a concentration of advanced-oxidation active species according to claim 2 , further comprising a step ofmeasuring a change in the absorption characteristics immediately after radiation in the wavelength ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION AND SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS METHODS AND APPARATUS USING DIAMOND ELECTRODES

A method of analysing chemical species in a solution, the method comprising: providing an electrochemical deposition apparatus comprising a first electrode () formed of an electrically conductive diamond material and a second electrode (); locating the first electrode in contact with a solution () to be analysed and the second electrode in electrical contact with the solution to be analysed; applying a potential difference between the first and second electrodes () such that current flows between the first and second electrodes through the solution to be analysed and chemical species are electro-deposited from the solution onto the first electrode; applying a spectroscopic analysis technique to the electro-deposited chemical species (M, M, M) on the first electrode to generate spectroscopic data about the electro-deposited chemical species on the first electrode; and using the spectroscopic data to determine the type of chemical species electro-deposited on the first electrode. The spectroscopic analysis technique, which can be based on X-rays, fluorescent X-rays or gamma rays, is used in combination with stripping voltammetric measurement performed on the first electrode. The spectroscopic data can also be used in-situ calibration data for calibrating the reference potential used voltammetric measurements. 120-. (canceled)20. A sensor comprising:a first electrode formed of an electrically conductive diamond material and configured to be located in contact with a solution to be analysed;a second electrode configured to be in electrical contact with the solution to be analysed;an electrical controller configured to apply a potential difference between the first and second electrodes to electro-deposit chemical species from the solution onto the first electrode,a spectrometer configured to apply a spectroscopic analysis technique to the electro-deposited chemical species on the first electrode and generate spectroscopic data about the chemical species electro- ...

METHOD FOR FABRICATING A REACTION VESSEL

A reaction vessel having a reaction chamber for holding a sample is fabricated by producing a housing having a rigid frame defining the minor walls of the chamber. The housing also defines a port for introducing fluid into the chamber. At least one sheet or film is attached to the rigid frame to form at least one major wall of the chamber. In preferred embodiments, two sheets or films are attached to opposite sides of the rigid frame to form two opposing major walls of the chamber, the major walls being connected to each other by the minor walls. 114-. (canceled)15. An apparatus for heating and optically interrogating a reaction mixture contained in a vessel , the vessel having a chamber for holding the mixture and a port for introducing the mixture into the chamber , the chamber being defined by a plurality of walls , at least two of the walls being light transmissive to provide optical windows to the chamber , the apparatus comprising:a) at least one heating surface for contacting at least one of the plurality of walls;b) at least one heat source for heating the surface; andc) optics positioned to optically interrogate the chamber while the heating surface is in contact with at least one of the plurality of walls, the optics comprising at least one light source for transmitting light to the chamber through a first one of the light transmissive walls and at least one detector for detecting light exiting the chamber through a second one of the light transmissive walls.1615. The apparatus of , wherein the vessel further comprises a channel connecting the port to the chamber.17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the at least one of the plurality of walls contacting the at least one heating surface is a sheet or film claim 16 , and wherein the apparatus further comprises a plug that is insertable into the channel to increase pressure in the chamber claim 16 , whereby the pressure increase in the chamber forces the sheet or film against the at least one heating ...

MULTIWELL MICROELECTRODE ARRAY WITH OPTICAL STIMULATION

An electro-optical stimulation and recording system is disclosed, including a substrate and a plurality of wells coupled to the substrate. The system also includes at least one electrode set disposed proximate a respective one of the plurality of wells, wherein the electrode set comprises at least one electrode configured to collect an electric signal associated with at least a portion of the respective well. The system also includes a light-emitting element set corresponding to a respective one of the wells and configured to deliver optical stimulation to at least a portion of the respective well. 1. An electro-optical stimulation and recording system , comprising:a substrate;a plurality of wells coupled to the substrate;a plurality of electrode arrays, each of the electrode arrays being positioned at a base of one of the plurality of wells, wherein each respective electrode array comprises a plurality of electrodes, each individual electrode of the respective electrode array being configured to collect an electric signal associated with a respective portion of one of the plurality of wells,a plurality of light-emitting element sets, each of the plurality of light-emitting element sets corresponding to one of the plurality of wells and configured to deliver optical stimulation to at least a portion of one of the plurality of wells.2. (canceled)3. The system of claim 1 , wherein each individual electrode of the respective electrode array is further configured to deliver electric stimulation to a respective portion of one of the plurality of wells.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of electrode arrays further comprises at least one electrode configured to deliver electric stimulation to at least a portion of one of the plurality of wells.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least a first of the plurality of light-emitting element sets is configured to be illuminated independently of at least a second of the plurality of light-emitting element ...

METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF OXIDANT AND APPRATUS FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF OXIDANT

The present invention provides a method for quantitative determination of oxidant which method is capable of accurately and rapidly performing quantitative determination of oxidant at low cost, and an apparatus for quantitative determination of oxidant used in the method. The method for quantitative determination of oxidant according to the present invention is a method for quantitative determination of oxidant performing quantitative determination of oxidant in a sample using a redox reaction, the method including: adding one kind of reducing agent to a sample solution containing one or a plurality of kinds of oxidants having different lifetimes; producing an absorbance curve by measuring a time change in absorbance of the post-color-change or post-coloring reducing agent; and performing the quantitative determination of the oxidant while identifying the oxidant in the sample solution based on the obtained absorbance curve. 1. A method for quantitative determination of oxidant performing quantitative determination of oxidant in a sample using a redox reaction ,the method comprising: adding one kind of reducing agent to a sample solution containing one or a plurality of kinds of oxidants having different lifetimes; producing an absorbance curve by measuring a time change in absorbance of the post-color-change or post-coloring reducing agent; and performing the quantitative determination of the oxidant while identifying the oxidant in the sample solution based on the obtained absorbance curve.2. The method for quantitative determination of oxidant according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidant in the sample solution is identified by comparing the obtained absorbance curve with a separately-acquired standard approximate curve indicating a time change in absorbance of a well-known oxidant.3. The method for quantitative determination of oxidant according to claim 2 , wherein the obtained absorbance curve is broken down into at least one kind of approximate curve by a curve ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING A CORRECTED VALUE OF AN ANALYTE CONCENTRATION IN A SAMPLE OF A BODY FLUID

Methods for detecting an analyte in a body fluid are described as well as devices and systems adapted for performing such methods. In embodiments of the method, a sample of body fluid is applied to a test element having at least one test field including at least one test material that is adapted to change at least one measurable property in the presence of the analyte. The test element further includes a capillary to guide the sample across said test field in a flow direction. The test element also includes first and second measurement locations offset from each other in the flow direction. The measurable property is measured in at least one first measurement location, providing at least one first measurement value, and it is measured in at least one second measurement location, providing at least one second measurement value. The analyte is detected by using an evaluation algorithm having at least two input variables, wherein at least one first input variable of the at least two input variables includes a difference between the first measurement value and the second measurement value, and at least one second input variable of the at least two input variables includes information relating to an analyte-induced change of the measurable property of the test material in at least part of the test field. 2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement information on an analyte-induced change of the measurable property of the test material in at least part of the test field is generated by one or more of the procedures selected from the group consisting of using the first measurement value as the measurement information claim 1 , using the second measurement value as the measurement information claim 1 , using an average value of the first measurement value and the second measurement value as the measurement information claim 1 , and measuring an analyte-induced change of the measurable property in at least one third measurement location of the test field ...

Method for producing a sensor cap with a membrane

The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a sensor cap with at least one main body and a membrane for an optochemical or electrochemical sensor for determining and/or monitoring the concentration of an analyte in a measuring medium, a corresponding sensor cap, and a corresponding sensor. In one aspect of the present disclosure, a permeable membrane is provided with a surface for contacting the measuring medium, as well as a main body with at least one sector for connecting to the membrane. At least part of the membrane and main body are welded, wherein the membrane is at least partially applied to the at least one sector of the main body and a connection between the main body and membrane is sealed against the measuring medium.

OPTICAL-WAVEGUIDE SENSOR CHIP, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, METHOD OF MEASURING SUBSTANCE, SUBSTANCE-MEASURING KIT AND OPTICAL-WAVEGUIDE SENSOR

An optical-waveguide sensor chip includes an optical waveguide having a first substance immobilized on the surface thereof, the first substance being specifically reactive with an analyte substance, and fine particles dispersed on the optical waveguide and having a second substance immobilized on the surface thereof, the second substance being specifically reactive with the analyte substance. 1. An optical-waveguide sensor chip , comprising:a plane optical waveguide;a cap formed on the plane optical waveguide and including a dent for forming a measurement region with the plane optical waveguide;a first substance which is immobilized on a part of the surface of the plane optical waveguide in the measurement region, and which is specifically reacted with an analyte substance in an analyte sample solution;an inlet hole opened in the cap so as to communicate with the measurement region, the inlet hole configured to introduce the analyte sample solution and a dispersion of fine particles including a second substance immobilized on the surface thereof into the measurement region, the second substance being specifically reacted with the analyte substance in the analyte sample solution;an outlet hole opened in the cap so as to communicate with the measurement region; andan incident-sided grating and an outgoing-sided grating disposed on the plane optical waveguide to interpose the measurement region therebetween, and configured to generate evanescent light on the plane optical waveguide including the measurement region by introducing incident light to the incident-sided grating.2. The optical-waveguide sensor chip according to claim 1 , wherein the plane optical waveguide is a plate-shaped glass.3. The optical-waveguide sensor chip according to claim 1 , wherein the plane optical waveguide is an organic resin film having a thickness of 3 to 300 μm.4. The optical-waveguide sensor chip according to of claim 1 , wherein the fine particles are resin beads.5. The optical- ...

SENSOR USING MASS ENHANCEMENT OF NANOPARTICLES

Provided herein is a method of detecting a biomolecule, which enhances a mass of the target biomolecule by irradiating light to a photocatalytic nanoparticle binding to the target biomolecule. Accordingly, the method can effectively detect a change in mass, and provide economical and rapid detection using a low-priced photocatalyst. 1. A method of detecting a biomolecule , comprising:reacting a target biomolecule to a senor for detecting a mass change caused by binding of the target biomolecule,binding the target biomolecule to a photocatalytic nanoparticle, andirradiating light to the photocatalytic nanoparticle for mass enhancement.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photocatalytic nanoparticle absorbs light and metal ions included in a solution are coated on a surface on the photocatalyst claim 1 , thereby enhancing the mass.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the photocatalytic nanoparticle stimulates oxidation-reduction of the metal ions.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light is a ultraviolet or visible ray.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photocatalytic nanoparticle includes titanium oxide claim 1 , zinc oxide claim 1 , a quantum dot claim 1 , or a composite of at least two thereof.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the metal ions include at least one selected from silver claim 2 , copper claim 2 , gold claim 2 , and palladium ions.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensor includes one selected from a quartz vibrator microbalance claim 1 , a cantilever sensor claim 1 , a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor claim 1 , and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor.8. A method of enhancing a mass of a nanoparticle by irradiating light to a solution including a photocatalytic nanoparticle and a mass enhancing component.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mass enhancing component is metal ions.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the photocatalyst stimulates an oxidation-reduction reaction of the metal ions.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the ...

BIOMARKER SENSING BASED ON NANOFLUIDIC AMPLIFICATION AND RESONANT OPTICAL DETECTION

Provided is a sensor platform that includes a substrate, a plurality of nanochannels disposed on the substrate, and a plurality of electrodes, a waveguide disposed on the substrate and an analysis chamber and a reference chamber disposed on the substrate. Each electrode extends substantially across a width of the plurality of nanochannels. At least one analysis optical resonator is disposed in the analysis chamber and is optically coupled to at least a portion of the waveguide. The at least one analysis optical resonator is in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of nanochannels. At least one reference optical resonator is disposed in the reference chamber and is optically coupled to at least a portion of the waveguide. The at least one reference optical resonator is in fluid communication with at least one other of the plurality of nanochannels. 1. A sensor platform comprising:a substrate;a plurality of nanochannels disposed on the substrate;a plurality of electrodes, each electrode extending substantially across a width of the plurality of nanochannels;a waveguide disposed on the substrate;an analysis chamber and a reference chamber disposed on the substrate;at least one analysis optical resonator disposed in the analysis chamber and optically coupled to at least a portion of the waveguide, the at least one analysis optical resonator in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of nanochannels; andat least one reference optical resonator disposed in the reference chamber and optically coupled to at least a portion of the waveguide, the at least one reference optical resonator in fluid communication with at least one other of the plurality of nanochannels.2. The sensor platform chip of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of electrodes comprises a bottom portion of the plurality of nanochannels.3. The sensor platform chip of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of electrodes comprises a doped portion of the ...

ANALYTICAL DEVICES HAVING COMPACT LENS TRAIN ARRAYS

Apparatus, systems and methods for use in analyzing discrete reactions are provided. The analytical devices of the invention use an array of nanoscale regions (a chip) that has discrete patches of nanoscale regions. The chip mates with a collection device comprising an array of compact lens trains (CLTs) where each of the CLTs corresponds to a single patch of nanoscale regions. Each CLT collects the emitted light from a patch on the chip, collimates the light, performs color separation on the collimated emitted light, and focuses the separated light onto a portion of pixels on the detector below the CLT. Such systems are useful for monitoring many analytical reactions at one time including single molecule sequencing reactions. 1. A detection system for measuring the emitted light from an array of patches of nanoscale regions comprising:a chip having an array of patches of nanoscale regions, each patch of nanoscale regions having an array of nanoscale regions; wherein light is emitted from the nanoscale regions from at least a first emitter and a second emitter, each emitting a different spectral range of light;an emitted light collection system comprising an array of compact lens trains (CIA's), each CLT corresponding to a patch of nanoscale regions, a collimating lens for collimating light from the emission sources;', 'a color separating element for spectrally separating light; and', 'a focusing lens for focusing light from the color separating element; and, 'wherein each CLT comprisesa detector comprising an array of pixels onto which the focusing lens focuses light; whereby images of the nanoscale regions are focused onto the detector such that some pixels on the detector detect signal corresponding to the first spectral range, and some pixels on the detector detect signal corresponding to the second spectral range, thereby separately detecting light corresponding to the first emitter and the second emitter over time.2. The detection system of wherein the ...

SUBSTRATES, DEVICES, AND METHODS FOR QUANTITATIVE LIQUID CRYSTAL ASSAYS

The present invention relates to the field of molecular diagnostics, and in particular to diagnostics based on a liquid crystal assay format. In particular, the present invention provided improved substrates and methods of using liquid crystal assays for quantitating the amount of an analyte in a sample. The present invention also provides materials and methods for detecting non-specific binding of an analyte to a substrate by using a liquid crystal assay format. 1. A system for detecting an analyte in a sample comprising:a. at least one substrate having a surface comprising recognition moieties;b. a mesogenic layer oriented on said surface;c. electrodes configured to apply an electrical field across said surface.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said system further comprises an interface between said mesogenic layer and a member selected from the group consisting of gases claim 1 , liquids claim 1 , solids claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said recognition moiety is attached to said surface by an interaction which is a member selected from the group consisting of covalent bonding claim 1 , ionic bonding claim 1 , chemisorption claim 1 , physisorption claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said surface further comprises an organic layer.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein said recognition moiety is attached to said organic layer by an interaction which is a member selected from the group consisting of covalent bonding claim 4 , ionic bonding claim 4 , chemisorption claim 4 , physisorption claim 4 , and combinations thereof.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein said mesogenic layer comprises a polymeric mesogen.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein said mesogenic layer comprises mesogens selected from the group consisting of 4 cyano 4′ pentylbiphenyl claim 1 , N (4-methoxybenzylidene) 4 butlyaniline and combinations thereof.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mesogenic layer comprises a lyotropic liquid ...

METHOD OF USING INTEGRATED ELECTRO-MICROFLUIDIC PROBE CARD

A method includes mounting an integrated electro-microfluidic probe card to a device area on a bio-sensor device wafer, wherein the electro-microfluidic probe card has a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface. The method further includes electrically connecting at least one electronic probe tip extending from the first major surface to a corresponding conductive area of the device area. The method further includes stamping a test fluid onto the device area. The method further includes measuring via the at least one electronic probe tip a first electrical property of one or more bio-FETs of the device area based on the test fluid. 1. A method comprising:mounting an integrated electro-microfluidic probe card to a device area on a bio-sensor device wafer, wherein the electro-microfluidic probe card has a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface;electrically connecting at least one electronic probe tip extending from the first major surface to a corresponding conductive area of the device area;stamping a test fluid onto the device area; andmeasuring via the at least one electronic probe tip a first electrical property of one or more bio-FETs of the device area based on the test fluid.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein electrically connecting the at least one electronic probe tip to the corresponding conductive area comprises electrically connecting the at least one electronic probe tip to a location beyond a boundary of the test fluid.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising marking the device area based on results of the measuring of the first electrical property.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the marking comprises physically marking the device area.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the marking comprises tracking a location of the device area.6. The method of claim 3 , further comprising removing the device area from a manufacturing process in response to marking the device area ...

REDUCING MEASUREMENT VARIATION TO OPTICAL MEASURING OF SAMPLE MATERIAL

A measurement device includes mechanical support elements (-) for supporting a sample well, other mechanical support elements (-) for supporting a measurement head () suitable for optical measurements, and a control system () configured to control the measurement head to carry out at least two optical measurements from at least two different measurement locations inside the sample well, where each measurement location is a center point of a capture range from which radiation is captured in the respective optical measurement. The final measurement result is formed from the results of the at least two optical measurements in accordance with a pre-determined rule. The use of the at least two optical measurements from different measurement locations reduces measurement variation in situations where the sample well () contains a piece () of sample carrier. 1. A method for reducing measurement variation related to optical measuring of sample material , comprising:punching or cutting off a piece from a sample carrier onto which liquid sample material has been impregnated and dried; andconveying the piece of the sample carrier to a sample well where at least part of the sample material elutes from the piece of the sample carrier in measurement solution contained by the sample well;carrying out at least two optical measurements from at least two different capture ranges whose center points are inside the sample well that contains at least the sample material and the piece of the sample carrier so as to obtain at least one optical measurement whose capture range is outside the piece of the sample carrier, each capture range being a range from which radiation is captured in the respective optical measurement; and subsequentlyforming a measurement result from results of the at least two optical measurements in accordance with a pre-determined rule,whereby measurement variation related to optical measuring of the sample material and caused by the piece of the sample carrier ...

ISOTOPIC MEASURING DEVICE

A measuring method for measuring an isotope ratio of an element present in a material includes a plurality of elements, the method comprising the following steps: a step of applying at least one laser beam to the material so as to generate a plasma, the plasma being able to emit a light spectrum comprising a plurality of spectral lines emitted by the elements of the material; a measuring step able to measure the profile of at least one spectral line of interest emitted by the element of interest, the measuring step comprising carrying out, with a spectrometer, at least one analysis of the light spectrum emitted by the plasma; a processing step able to note in the profile of the spectral line of interest the optimal wavelength corresponding to a point of equilibrium; and a step of determining the isotope ratio depending on the noted optimal wavelength. 1. A method for measuring an isotope ratio of an element of interest present in a material including a plurality of elements , said measuring method comprising the following steps:a step of applying at least one laser beam to the material so as to generate a plasma, said plasma being able to emit a light spectrum comprising a plurality of spectral lines emitted by the elements of the material; anda measuring step carried out consecutively to the applying step and able to measure the profile of at least one spectral line of interest emitted by the element of interest, said measuring step comprising carrying out, with a spectrometer, at least one analysis of the light spectrum emitted by the plasma;wherein the method furthermore comprises:{'sub': 1,2', 'st', 'inst, 'a processing step carried out consecutively to the measuring step and able to establish, depending on the measured profile of the spectral line of interest, the optimal wavelength (λ) corresponding either to the point (P) of stable equilibrium corresponding to the hollow between two bells when the profile has a double-bell self-absorption profile, or to the ...

SYSTEMS, APPARATUSES, AND METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT OF LONG TERM STABILITY OF SAMPLES

A method includes receiving a sample. The method also includes applying a denaturing agent to a first portion of the sample, and detecting, in response to the application of the denaturing agent, a first measure from the first portion of the sample. The method also includes modifying the temperature of a second portion of the sample and detecting, in response to the modifying the temperature of the second portion of the sample, a second measure from the second portion of the sample. The method also includes computing thermodynamic information for the sample based on the indication of the first measure, and computing kinetic information for the sample based on the indication of the second measure. The method also includes computing, based on the thermodynamic information and the kinetic information, an indication of temporal stability of the protein component of the sample. 1. A method , comprising:receiving a sample, the sample including a protein component;applying a denaturing agent to a first portion of the sample;detecting, in response to the application of the denaturing agent, a first measure from the first portion of the sample, the first measure indicative of a thermodynamic state of the first portion of the sample;modifying the temperature of a second portion of the sample;detecting, in response to the modifying the temperature of the second portion of the sample, a second measure from the second portion of the sample, the second measure indicative of a rate of denaturation of the protein in the second portion of the sample;computing thermodynamic information for the sample based on the indication of the first measure;computing kinetic information for the sample based on the indication of the second measure; andcomputing, based on the thermodynamic information and the kinetic information, an indication of temporal stability of the protein component of the sample.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising aliquoting the first portion of the sample into a ...

DETECTION METHOD OF ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTION

A detection method of antigen-antibody reaction, including: Providing an antibody solution, including an antibody and a type of metal nanoparticle, the type of metal nanoparticle forms bond with the antibody. Adding an antigen to the antibody solution to form a mixed solution. Providing a light beam to the mixed solution, wherein part of the light beam is scattered by the type of metal nanoparticle to form a scattered light beam. Detecting the scattered light beam to determine whether an antigen-antibody reaction occurs. 1. A detection method of antigen-antibody reaction , comprising:providing an antibody solution, comprising an antibody and a type of metal nanoparticle, the type of metal nanoparticle forms bond with the antibody;adding an antigen to the antibody solution to form a mixed solution;providing a light beam to the mixed solution, wherein part of the light beam is scattered by the type of metal nanoparticle to form a scattered light beam; anddetecting the scattered light beam to determine whether an antigen-antibody reaction occurs.2. The detection method of antigen-antibody reaction according to claim 1 , wherein the type of metal nanoparticle comprises gold nanoparticle.3. The detection method of antigen-antibody reaction according to claim 1 , wherein the antigen comprises at least one of A type antigen claim 1 , B type antigen claim 1 , D antigen claim 1 , C antigen claim 1 , E antigen claim 1 , c antigen claim 1 , and e antigen on human red blood cells.4. The detection method of antigen-antibody reaction according to claim 1 , wherein the antibody comprises a specific antibody.5. The detection method of antigen-antibody reaction according to claim 1 , wherein the method to determine whether an antigen-antibody reaction occurs comprises: detecting whether an intensity of the scattered beam exceeds a threshold claim 1 , and it is determined that an antigen-antibody reaction occurs if the intensity exceeds the threshold.6. The detection method of ...

OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR DETECTION OF A SUBSTANCE DISPERSED IN A FLUID

The present invention relates to an optoelectronic device () for detection of a target substance dispersed in a fluid (). The optoelectronic device comprises:—a light source () adapted to emit a light radiation (L) having an adjustable wavelength λ;—an integrated electronic circuit () comprising a photonic circuit () operatively coupled to said light source;—a control unit () operatively coupled to said light source and to said photonic circuit. 114-. (canceled)15. An optoelectronic device for detection of a target substance dispersed in a fluid , the device comprising:a light source adapted to emit a light radiation having a tunable wavelength λs;an integrated electronic circuit comprising a photonic circuit operatively coupled with said light source;a control unit operatively coupled with said light source and said photonic circuit; an optical coupler comprising a first active surface optically coupled with said light source to receive a light radiation emitted by said light source;', 'a first detector optically coupled with said optical coupler to receive a first light radiation corresponding to a first portion of a light radiation transmitted by said optical coupler, said first detector being adapted to provide first detection signals indicative of an optical power of said first light radiation, said first detector being operatively coupled with said control unit to transmit said first detection signals to said control unit;', {'sub': 'r', 'an optical resonator optically coupled with said optical coupler to convey and transmit a second light radiation corresponding to a second portion of the light radiation transmitted by said optical coupler, said optical resonator comprising a ring optical path and, in at least a portion of said optical path, a second active surface adapted to come into contact with said fluid and comprising a material capable of selectively absorbing said target substance, a resonance wavelength λof said optical resonator varying as a ...

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMER AND COLLOID SOLUTIONS

Simultaneous Multiple Sample Light Scattering systems and methods can be used to for polymer stability testing and for applying stressors to polymer or colloid solutions including heat stress, ultrasound, freeze/thaw cycles, shear stress and exposure to different substances and surfaces. among others, that create a polymer stress response used to characterize the polymer solution and stability. 1. A simultaneous multiple sample light scattering (SMSLS) detection device comprising:at least two light scattering cells configured to contain polymer or colloid solutions;a stressor module coupled to at least one of the two or more light scattering cells and configured to introduce a stressor to the polymer or colloid solutions contained in at least one light scattering cell; anda photodetector coupled to at least one of the plurality of light scattering cells configured to detect scattered light.2. The SMSLS device of claim 1 , wherein the stressor module comprises a stirring device.3. The SMSLS device of wherein the stressor is a temperature modifying device configured to adjust the temperature within the at least one of the two or more light scattering cells.4. The SMSLS device of claim 1 , wherein the stressor module is configured to introduce a substance in at least one of the two or more light scattering cells.5. The SMSLS device of claim 1 , wherein the stressor module is configured to introduce an energy source into the at least one of the two or more light scattering cells.6. The SMSLS device of claim 1 , further comprising:an incident light source configured to supply incident light to the plurality of light scattering cells;a rastering device coupled to at least one of the plurality of light scattering cells that is configured to move the at least one light scattering cell in a controlled pattern through the incident light; andwherein the photodetectors are further configured to detect the scattered light emitted through the rastered light scattering cell.7. The ...

INTEGRATED ELECTRO-MICROFLUIDIC PROBE CARD, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR USING THE SAME

The present disclosure provides a biological field effect transistor (BioFET) device testing and processing methods, system and apparatus. A wafer-level bio-sensor processing tool includes a wafer stage, an integrated electro-microfluidic probe card, and a fluid supply and return. The integrated electro-microfluidic probe card includes a fluidic mount that may be transparent, a microfluidic channels in the fluidic mount, at least one microfluidic probe and a number of electronic probe tips at the bottom of the fluidic mount, fluidic and electronic input and output ports on the sides of the fluidic mount, and at least one handle lug on the fluidic mount. The method includes aligning a wafer, mounting the integrated electro-microfluidic probe card, flowing a test fluid, and measuring electrical properties. The tool may also be used for stamping or printing a fluid in the device area on the wafer. 1. An integrated electro-microfluidic probe card , comprising:a transparent fluidic mount, the fluidic mount having a first major surface and a second major surface and at least one minor surface between the first and second major surfaces;a plurality of microfluidic channels in the fluidic mount;at least one microfluidic probe and a plurality of electronic probe tips disposed on the first major surface, the at least one microfluidic probe being coupled to at least one of the plurality of microfluidic channels;at least one fluidic input and at least one fluidic output on one or more minor surfaces of the fluidic mount;an input/output electronic port on the fluidic mount electrically coupled to the plurality of electronic probe tips; and,one or more handle lugs attached to the fluidic mount.2. The integrated electro-microfluidic probe card of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of a pressure sensor claim 1 , a flow meter claim 1 , or a temperature sensor coupled to the plurality of microfluidic channels.3. The integrated electro-microfluidic probe card of claim 1 , ...

DETECTION METHOD

A detection system including a detection device and an assay device. The detection device includes a space for receiving an assay device, a drive arrangement engaging the assay device to rotate the assay device, a light source arranged to direct light towards the assay device, and a diffuser arranged to diffuse light from the light source. The diffuser is arranged between the light source and the space. The detection device includes a light receiver arranged to receive light from the light source that has passed through the assay device. 1. A method of determining an effect of a liquid sample on light , the method comprising:rotating an assay device comprising one or more chambers for containing the liquid sample;directing light from a light source to the rotating assay device such that the light passes through the one or more chambers as each of the one or more chambers is in a respective predetermined configuration relative to the light source and a light receiver;receiving, at the light receiver, light from the light source that has passed through the one or more chambers within the rotating assay device for at least one complete rotation of the assay device;determining a set of light intensity measurements for each complete rotation of the assay device;determining measurements within each set that were obtained when the light passed through the one or more chambers; anddetermining, using the measurements that were obtained when the light passed through the one or more chambers, the effect of the liquid sample on the light from the light source.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more chambers is associated with a first reflecting surface and a second reflecting surface claim 1 , and directing light comprises claim 1 , for each chamber:reflecting light from the light source to the respective chamber using the respective first reflecting surface; andreflecting light from the respective chamber to the light receiver using the respective second ...

CHEMICAL SEQUENCING AND CONTROL TO EXPAND AND ENHANCE DETECTION CAPABILITIES UTILIZING A COLORIMETRIC TEST

Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to a colorimetric system for detecting a substance, the colorimetric system that includes a first chemical container adapted for releasing a first chemical; a second chemical container adapted for releasing a second chemical; a flow modulation sheet adjacent each chemical container; and an encapsulation covering the flow modulation sheet and each chemical container, where the encapsulation comprises a window defining a target area of the filter paper such that the target area is adapted for applying the substance; where the flow modulation sheet comprises a design adapted for automatically controlling a first flow of the first chemical and a second flow of the second chemical to the target area after simultaneously releasing the first and second chemicals; and where the design comprises a first void disposed in the flow modulation sheet. 1. A system for detecting a substance , the system comprising:a first container adapted for releasing a first chemical;a second container adapted for releasing a second chemical; and{'claim-text': ['a target area-adapted for applying the substance', 'a first portion comprising a first channel disposed between the first container and the target area, and', {'claim-text': 'wherein the flow modulation material is adapted for controlling a first flow of the first chemical and a second flow of the second chemical to the target area after releasing the first and second chemicals.', '#text': 'a second portion comprising a second channel disposed between the second container and the target area,'}], '#text': 'a flow modulation material comprising:'}2. The system for detecting a substance according to claim 1 , further comprising an encapsulation covering the flow modulation material and each container claim 1 , wherein the encapsulation comprises a window defining the target area.3. The system for detecting a substance according to claim 2 , wherein the encapsulation comprises a plastic.4. The ...

Measuring Membrane for an Optochamical or Amperometric Sensor

A measuring membrane for an optochemical or amperometric sensor for determining or monitoring an analyte located in a medium, comprising a substrate material and a sensor element, which has at least one functional layer with a sensor-specific substance. The sensor element is embedded completely in a matrix, and the matrix is composed of a material, which at least in a portion facing the medium and adjoining the sensor element is permeable for the analyte. 121-. (canceled)22. A measuring membrane for an optochemical or amperometric sensor for determining or monitoring an analyte located in a medium , comprising:a substrate material; anda sensor element, which has at least one functional layer with a sensor-specific substance, wherein:said sensor element is embedded completely in a matrix; andsaid matrix is composed of a material, which at least in a portion facing the medium and adjoining said sensor element is permeable for the analyte.23. The measuring membrane as claimed in claim 22 , wherein:said matrix is connected in one of its surface regions physically or chemically with said substrate material.24. The measuring membrane as claimed in claim 22 , wherein:said substrate material is at least partially embedded in said matrix and, in given cases, is permeable, at least in portions, for the analyte.25. The measuring membrane as claimed in claim 22 , wherein:said sensor element has a layer structure and is composed of at least two functional layers; andone of the functional layers contains the sensor-specific substance.26. The measuring membrane as claimed in claim 22 , wherein:said sensor-specific substance is so embodied that it is selectively permeable for the analyte.27. The measuring membrane as claimed in claim 22 , wherein:said sensor-specific substance is so embodied that it is changed in at least one of its chemical or physical properties by contact with the analyte, and wherein the change is detectable.28. The measuring membrane as claimed in claim 22 , ...

TARGET SUBSTANCE CAPTURING DEVICE AND TARGET SUBSTANCE DETECTING DEVICE

A target substance capturing device includes a supporting member to place and support a metal-film coated structure that captures a target substance, and including at least two holes opening at portions different from a portion where the metal-film coated structure is placed, a holding member that puts the metal-film coated structure in between the holding member and the supporting member, and including an opening portion that overlaps with the holes of the supporting member, and a portion that captures the target substance in the metal-film coated structure placed on the supporting member, and a covering member having transparency, and covering the opening portion of the holding member. 1. A target substance capturing device comprising:a supporting member to place and support a metal-film coated structure that captures a target substance, the supporting member including at least two holes opening at portions different from a portion where the metal-film coated structure is placed;a holding member to put the metal-film coated structure in between the holding member and the supporting member, the holding member including an opening portion that overlaps with the holes of the supporting member, and a portion that captures the target substance of the metal-film coated structure placed on the supporting member; anda covering member having transparency and covering the opening portion of the holding member.2. The target substance capturing device according to claim 1 , wherein the holes are two of a supply hole and an discharge hole claim 1 , the supply hole supplying a liquid containing the target substance to a space surrounded by the covering member claim 1 , an inner surface of the opening portion claim 1 , and the supporting member claim 1 , and the discharge hole discharging the liquid from the space.3. The target substance capturing device according to claim 1 , wherein a portion of the holding member claim 1 , the portion being in contact with the metal-film ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MULTI-ANALYSIS

Systems and methods are provided for sample processing. A device may be provided, capable of receiving the sample, and performing one or more of a sample preparation, sample assay, and detection step. The device may be capable of performing multiple assays. The device may comprise one or more modules that may be capable of performing one or more of a sample preparation, sample assay, and detection step. The device may be capable of performing the steps using a small volume of sample. 141-. (canceled)42. A sample processing device comprising:a) a fluid handling apparatus comprising a first pipette head and a second pipette head, the first pipette head comprising a first pipette nozzle and the second pipette head comprising a second pipette nozzle, wherein at least the first pipette nozzle comprises at least a portion of a fluid path; anda sample processing component comprising a first interface feature and a second interface feature, the first and second interface features each being configured to engage with a nozzle of the fluid handling apparatus;wherein the fluid handling apparatus is operable to engage simultaneously the first interface feature of the sample processing component with the first pipette nozzle and the second interface feature of the sample processing component with the second pipette nozzle and to transport the sample processing component from a first location to a second location in said sample processing device;b) a first detection station comprising an optical sensor;c) a second detection station comprising a light source and an optical sensor,d) a cytometry station comprising an imaging device and a stage for receiving a microscopy cuvette; ande) an assay station configured to support i) a biological sample, ii) at least a first, a second, and a third fluidically isolated assay unit, and iii) reagents to perform A) at least one luminescence assay; B) at least one absorbance, turbimetric, or colorimetric assay; and C) at least one cytometry ...

AUTOMATIC ANALYZER

A detergent reservoir reserves detergent for cleaning of a sample probe and includes a cleaning liquid supply port, a detergent supply port, and a waste liquid port When a predetermined condition for execution of cleaning of the detergent reservoir is not satisfied, and a remaining amount of the detergent reserved in the detergent reservoir is a predetermined amount or less, a pump is operated to increase the remaining amount of the detergent to the predetermined amount; and when the predetermined condition for execution of cleaning of the detergent reservoir is satisfied, a solenoid valve is opened to dispose of the detergent in the detergent reservoir. Then, after the detergent in the detergent reservoir is disposed of, the solenoid valve is closed, and a pump is operated to supply cleaning liquid to the detergent reservoir. 1. An automatic analyzer comprising:a sample dispensation mechanism dispensing a sample with use of a probe;a cleaning bath in which cleaning of the probe is performed with purified water;a detergent reservoir including at least one cleaning liquid supply port, a detergent supply port, and a waste liquid port and reserves detergent for cleaning of the probe, and in which, in a case in which the probe needs to be additionally cleaned based on a liquid property or a contained component of the sample, the probe is cleaned with the detergent;a cleaning liquid tank storing a cleaning liquid for cleaning of the detergent reservoir;a detergent tank storing the detergent;a waste liquid tank storing a waste liquid;a first pump installed on a flow path connecting the cleaning liquid tank with the cleaning liquid supply port;a second pump installed on a flow path connecting the detergent tank with the detergent supply port;a solenoid valve installed on a flow path connecting the waste liquid port with the waste liquid tank; anda control unit executing first control in which, in a case in which a predetermined condition for execution of cleaning of the ...

Apparatus and Method for the Remote Sensing of Blood in Human Feces and Urine

The apparatus and method for detecting blood in urine or feces includes a photodetector configured to detect a transient light emitted in a toilet bowl by luminol and an oxidizer catalyzed by iron in the blood. The apparatus may include dispensers for the luminol, the oxidizer and a base. The apparatus may include a microprocessor and a network connection and may perform statistical analyses, store data and alert the patient or a healthcare provider if blood is detected. The photodetector may be configured to detect light emitted in the toilet bowl by a fluorophore present in the water and excited by the transient light from the luminol and oxidizer. 1. An apparatus for detecting blood in urine or on feces , the apparatus comprising: a photodetector , said photodetector being configured to detect a light emitted by a reaction of a luminol and an oxidizer catalyzed by an iron in a water in a toilet bowl , whereby said photodetector is configured to detect said iron from a heme in the blood when the blood is present in the water in the toilet bowl along with said luminol and said oxidizer under alkaline conditions.2. The apparatus of wherein said photodetector is configured to detect a range of wavelengths of said light claim 1 , said range of wavelengths of said light corresponding to said range of wavelengths of said light emitted by said reaction of said luminol and said oxidizer catalyzed by said iron or wherein said range of wavelengths of said light corresponding to a range of wavelengths of said light emitted by a fluorophore in said water in said toilet bowl when said fluorophore is excited by said light emitted by said reaction of said luminol and said oxidizer catalyzed by said iron.3. The apparatus of wherein said photodetector is configured to detect a range of wavelengths of said light claim 1 , said range of wavelengths of said light corresponding to said range of wavelengths of said light emitted by said reaction of said luminol and said oxidizer ...

MID-INFRARED IMAGING OF MICROARRAYS

Described herein are methods for mid-infrared imaging of nucleic acid microarrays by employing mid-infrared reflective labels combined with detection in the reflection mode. The methods described herein provide intrinsic image contrast, and permit detection of DNA microarray hybridization on infrared absorbing substrates such as glass slides. 1. A method for detecting presence or absence of a target in a sample , the method comprising:contacting a capture probe attached to an addressable location on a solid infrared absorbing surface with the sample under conditions effective to form a hybridization complex between the capture probe and the target, and binding to the target a mid-infrared reflective metal after contacting with the capture probe;{'sup': −', '−1, 'exposing the contacted capture probe and solid surface to light having a wavenumber of 4000 cm1 to 900 cm; and'}determining, in external reflection mode, any reflectance from the solid surface with the contacted capture probes, wherein measurable mid-infrared reflectance indicates the presence of the target in the sample.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the contacted capture probe and solid surface to light having a wavenumber of 1400 cmto 956 cm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the target is conjugated to a nanoparticle prior to contacting with the capture probe to form the hybridization complex.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the mid-infrared reflective metal is silver.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the nanoparticle is a gold nanoparticle.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the target is biotinylated and is then conjugated with a streptavidin-nanoparticle conjugated after contacting with the capture probe to form the hybridization complex.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the mid-infrared reflective metal is silver.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the nanoparticle is a gold nanoparticle.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein reflectance is detected with a mercury cadmium telluride ...

MEASUREMENT DEVICE

A measurement device includes mechanical support elements (-) for supporting a sample well, other mechanical support elements (-) for supporting a measurement head () suitable for optical measurements, and a control system () configured to control the measurement head to carry out at least two optical measurements from at least two different measurement locations inside the sample well, where each measurement location is a center point of a capture range from which radiation is captured in the respective optical measurement. The final measurement result is formed from the results of the at least two optical measurements in accordance with a pre-determined rule. The use of the at least two optical measurements from different measurement locations reduces measurement variation in situations where the sample well () contains a piece () of sample carrier. 2. A measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the control system is configured to control the mutual position of the sample well and the measurement head so that the center points of two or more of the capture ranges are situated around a straight line that goes perpendicularly through a center point of a bottom of the sample well.3. A measurement system according to claim 2 , wherein the control system is configured to control the mutual position of the sample well and the measurement head so that the distances of the center points of the two or more of the capture ranges from the straight line are on a range 0.02-0.5 times the internal diameter of the opening of the sample well.4. A measurement system according to claim 2 , wherein the control system is configured to control the mutual position of the sample well and the measurement head so that the center point of one of the capture ranges is situated substantially on the straight line.5. A measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the control system is configured to select the maximum or the minimum from among the results of the at least two ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF A BODY FLUID

The invention relates to a method for determining biochemical parameters of a body fluid, wherein a sample of said body fluid in the form of a droplet is transported through a channel of a microfluidic system using a carrier liquid, mixed with a reagent thus initiating a chemical reaction between the sample and the reagent, and the result of the chemical reaction is measured, preferably with a spectrophotometer, whereby the said biochemical parameters of the body fluid are determined, characterised in that the material used for fabrication of the microfluidic system and the said carrier liquid is pair of Teflon and Fluorinert HFE-7100. 1. A method for determining biochemical parameters of a body fluid , wherein a sample of said body fluid in the form of a droplet is transported through a channel of a microfluidic system using a carrier liquid , mixed with a reagent thus initiating a chemical reaction between the sample and the reagent , and the result of the chemical reaction is measured , preferably with a spectrophotometer , whereby the said biochemical parameters of the body fluid are determined , characterised in that the material used for fabrication of the microfluidic system and the said carrier liquid is pair of Teflon and Fluorinert HFE-710.2. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the said reagent is selected from the group comprising: acp (acid phosphatase) claim 1 , alat (alanine aminotransferase) claim 1 , albumin claim 1 , alp (alkaline phosphatase) claim 1 , alpha-fetoprotein claim 1 , alpha-1-microglobulin claim 1 , amylase claim 1 , asat (aspartate transaminase) claim 1 , aso (anti-streptolysin O) claim 1 , bil direct (direct bilirubin) claim 1 , bil total (total bilirubin) claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , ceruloplasmin claim 1 , cholesterol claim 1 , cholinesterase claim 1 , ck (creatine kinase) claim 1 , ck MB (creatine kinase MB) claim 1 , complement C3 claim 1 , complement C4 claim 1 , crp (C-reactive protein) claim 1 , cystatin C claim ...

PROCESS FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF FATTY ACID ESTERS IN FUELS

The present invention provides a method for the quantitative determination of contaminants in the form of fatty acid esters in jet fuels, wherein the analyte is the fatty acid ester fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and/or the fatty acid ester fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE), wherein the analyte undergoes a chemical reaction which is selective for it and which influences the intensity for the carbonyl band of the respective ester group with the formation of a modified analyte and the variation in the concentration of analyte in the sample, which is the jet fuel together with FAME and/or FAEE, is measured using the reduction in the intensity of the carbonyl band and/or the increase in the concentration of the modified analyte is measured using the increase in the intensity of a band which is characteristic for the modification. 1. A method for the quantitative determination of contaminants in the form of fatty acid esters in jet fuels , wherein the analyte is the fatty acid ester fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and/or the fatty acid ester fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) , wherein the analyte undergoes a chemical reaction which is selective for it and which influences the intensity for the carbonyl band of the respective ester group with the formation of a modified analyte and the variation in the concentration of analyte in the sample , which is the jet fuel together with FAME and/or FAEE , is measured using the reduction in the intensity of the carbonyl band and/or the increase in the concentration of the modified analyte is measured using the increase in the intensity of a band which is characteristic for the modification.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the measurement of the variation in the concentration of analyte is carried out using IR spectroscopy.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , characterized in that the measurement of the variation in the concentration of analyte is carried out using FTIR spectroscopy.4. The method as claimed in ...

DEVICE FOR DETECTING ANALYZED OBJECT IN SPECIMEN AND METHOD THEREFOR

A device for detecting analytes in a sample includes (a) n light source units generating light; (b) a reaction strip including (i) a test area illuminated with light from the light source unit and including a material reacting to the analytes, (ii) a control area illuminated with the light from the light source unit and including a control material, and (iii) a background area illuminated with the light from the light source unit; and (c) at least n+1 light receiving units detecting light emitted from the test area, the control area, and the background area of the reaction strip, respectively. 1. A device for detecting analytes in samples , comprising:(a) n light source units generating light;(b) a reaction strip including (i) a test area illuminated with the light from the light source unit and including a material reacting to the analytes, (ii) a control area illuminated with the light from the light source unit and including a control material, and (iii) a background area illuminated with the light from the light source unit, in which the test area and the background area are illuminated with the same one light and the control area and the background area are illuminated with the same one light to let the test area and the control area share the background area and the light illuminated to the test area and the background area and the light illuminated to the control area and the background area are the same or different; and(c) at least n+1 light receiving units detecting light emitted from the test area, the control area, and the background area of the reaction strip, respectively, and arranged for the test area, the control area, and the background area, respectively.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the samples include blood claim 1 , plasma claim 1 , serum claim 1 , urine claim 1 , lymph claim 1 , bone marrow claim 1 , saliva claim 1 , milk claim 1 , ocular fluid claim 1 , semen claim 1 , brain extracts claim 1 , spinal fluid claim 1 , synovial fluid claim ...

DEVICE FOR MEASURING ELECTROLYTE IONS USING OPTODES AND USES THEREOF

Provided is a device for measuring electrolyte ions that is capable of providing a uniform pH environment in the region of an optode, and a method of measuring electrolyte ion concentration using the device. 1. A device for measuring electrolyte ions comprising one or more optode disposed on a surface of a first substrate and one or more buffers disposed on a surface of a second substrate , wherein the optode on the surface of the first substrate faces the buffer on the surface of the second substrate.2. The device for measuring electrolyte ions of claim 1 , wherein the device comprises an array of optodes on the surface of the first substrate claim 1 , and an array of buffers on the surface of the second substrate claim 1 , wherein the array of optodes faces the array of buffers.3. The device for measuring electrolyte ions of claim 1 , further comprising a one or more spacers between the first substrate and the second substrate claim 1 , wherein the spacers and the first and second substrates define a cavity or channel claim 1 , and the one or more optodes and one or more buffers are within the cavity or channel.4. The device for measuring electrolyte ions of claim 3 , further comprising a plurality of spacers between the first substrate and the second substrate claim 3 , wherein the distance between the spacers is greater than the width of the optode.5. The device for measuring electrolyte ions of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises an inlet through which a sample can be introduced so as to contact the one or more optodes claim 1 , and a filter positioned in the inlet.6. The device for measuring electrolyte ions of claim 1 , further comprising a shielding material on the first substrate or the second substrate.7. The device for measuring electrolyte ions of claim 1 , further comprising a shielding material around one or more optodes.8. The device for measuring electrolyte ions of claim 6 , wherein the shielding material comprises polyethylene claim 6 , ...

OPTOELECTRONIC DETECTION SYSTEM

The invention relates to optoelectronic systems for detecting one or more target particles. The system includes a reaction chamber, a specimen collector, an optical detector, and a reservoir containing cells, each of the cells having receptors which are present on the surface of each cell and are specific for the target particle to be detected, where binding of the target particle to the receptors directly or indirectly activates a reporter molecule, thereby producing a measurable optical signal. 1a) adding the liquid sample to a chamber;b) localizing the target particles within the chamber;c) adding emitting cells, comprising one or more receptors suitable for interaction with a target particle and emitter molecules that emit photons in response to one or more receptors interacting with the target particle, to form a mixture;d) localizing the emitter cells within a chamber;e) measuring for photon emission from the cells in the mixture.. A method for detecting a target particle in a liquid sample comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/039,780, filed Mar. 3, 2011, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/800,607, filed May 7, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,947,509, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/467,242, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,214,346, which has a 371(c) date of Jan. 16, 2004, which is the U.S. National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US2002/003606, filed Feb. 6, 2002, published in English, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/266,977, filed Feb. 7, 2001. The entire teachings of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference.The invention was supported, in whole or in part, with funds from U.S. Air Force contract no. F19628-00-C-0002. The Government has certain rights in the invention.The need for small, fast, and sensitive detectors of biological agents which are able to monitor an environment for extended periods of time is underscored by the ...

CALIBRATION METHOD FOR PHOTOMETRY

A method for determining a physical property of a biological sample. The method comprises the steps of: acquiring a set of preliminary calibration signals of a first lot of a reagent using an automatic analyzer with a first photometry module; acquiring a reference set of signals of the first lot of the reagent using a calibration analyzer with a second photometry module; determining a set of module specific components by subtracting the reference set of signals from the preliminary calibration signals; acquiring a lot specific set of signals of a second lot of the reagent using the second photometry module; determining a lot calibration for the first photometry module using the set of module specific components and the lot specific set of signals; acquiring a measurement signal of the biological sample using the first photometry module and the second lot of the reagent; and determining a physical property of the biological sample using the measurement signal and the lot calibration. 1. A method for determining a physical property of a biological sample comprising:acquiring a set of preliminary calibration signals of a first lot of a reagent using an automatic analyzer according to a calibration protocol, wherein the automatic analyzer acquires the preliminary calibration signals using a first photometry module;acquiring a reference set of signals of the first lot of the reagent using a calibration analyzer according to the calibration protocol, wherein the calibration analyzer acquires the reference set of signals using a second photometry module;determining a set of module specific components by subtracting the reference set of signals from the preliminary calibration signals;acquiring a lot specific set of signals of a second lot of the reagent using the second photometry module according to the calibration protocol;determining a lot calibration for the first photometry module using the set of module specific components and the lot specific set of signals; ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MULTI-ANALYSIS

Systems and methods are provided for sample processing. A device may be provided, capable of receiving the sample, and performing one or more of a sample preparation, sample assay, and detection step. The device may be capable of performing multiple assays. The device may comprise one or more modules that may be capable of performing one or more of a sample preparation, sample assay, and detection step. The device may be capable of performing the steps using a small volume of sample. 18-. (canceled)9. A benchtop device for analyzing a sample having a volume of less than about 250 microliters (μL) , said device being configured to perform two or more assays on said sample , said two or more assays selected from an immunoassay , a nucleic acid assay , and a receptor-based assay , the device comprising:a housing suitable for placement on a benchtop, containing components comprising:a sample handling system configured to transport said sample, or portion thereof, within said housing;one or more sample preparation stations configured to perform a plurality of sample preparation procedures on said sample or portion thereof, said sample preparation procedures comprising sample processing, and chemical processing;one or more assay components configured to perform an immunoassay, a nucleic acid assay, and a receptor-based assay on said sample or portion thereof, wherein each assay is configured to yield a detectable optical signal; andone or more detectors comprising at least one optical sensor, wherein said detectors are configured to detect optical signals from said two or more assays.10. The device of claim 9 , further comprising a cytometry station configured to perform a cytometry assay by microscopy on stationary cells in a sample portion claim 9 , wherein said sample portion is fluidically isolated from other portions of said sample claim 9 , wherein said device is configured to perform two or more assays on said single sample having a volume of less than about 250 μL ...

ASSAY ANALYSIS

Apparatus and assemblies for the detection of at least one analyte in a sample are shown and described. In one embodiment, the assembly generates a test result from an assay and includes an integrated reader and incubator, wherein the incubator incubates the assay as the reader generates the test result. The reader typically has an optical detector aligned with a light source for detecting a plurality of transmission of light on the assay. The result is systems and methods to improve the detection of the presence and/or absence of at least one analyte in a sample. 1. An apparatus to generate a test result from an assay , said apparatus comprising:a. an incubator adapted to incubate said assay in at least one incubation environment; andb. a reader having an optical detector aligned with a light source for detecting a first transmission of light on said assay and at least a subsequent transmission of light on said assay that undergoes a change, when present, when contacted with a sample to generate said test result, andwherein said apparatus synchronizes incubating said assay with detecting said transmissions of light on said assay to generate said test result.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said apparatus is adapted to perform a continuous image detection of said assay.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , including an optics housing enclosing said optical detector and adapted to block debris from contact with said optical detector.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , including a multichannel reader claim 1 , whereby an assay reference coding activates a corresponding channel in said multichannel reader.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said reader monitors at least one pre-test parameter after said optical detector has acquired at least one image detection on said assay.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein an image detection is an optical reflectance value.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said assay includes at least one test line and at least one control line ...

OPTICAL SENSOR

An optical sensor includes an input part, a fixing part, and a determining part. The input part is provided on the upper side of the sensor. The fixing part on which a carrier is disposed is provided below the input part. The carrier has an acceptor that reacts with an analyte contained in the sample and is fixed on the carrier. The determining part includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a hollow area. The first metal layer is configured to receive an electromagnetic wave. The second metal layer faces the first metal layer. The hollow area is sandwiched between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The input part, the fixing part, and the hollow area form a part of a passage where the sample flows from the input part to the hollow area. 1. An optical sensor comprising:an input part provided on an upper side of the sensor and configured to accept a sample into the sensor;a fixing part provided below the input part and configured to dispose a carrier thereon, the carrier having an acceptor that reacts with an analyte contained in the sample and is fixed on a surface of the carrier; and a first metal layer configured to receive an electromagnetic wave;', 'a second metal layer facing the first metal layer; and', 'a hollow area sandwiched between the first metal layer and the second metal layer,, 'a determining part configured to determine a presence of the analyte in the sample, the determining part includingwherein the input part, the fixing part, and the hollow area form a part of a passage where the sample flows from the input part to the hollow area.2. The optical sensor according to claim 1 ,wherein the fixing part is capable of physically adsorbing the carrier.3. The optical sensor according to claim 1 ,wherein the input part is provided vertically above the fixing part.4. The optical sensor according to claim 1 , further comprising a discharge area connected to the hollow area of the determining part claim 1 , and positioned ...

SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES FOR DETECTION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

Embodiments of the present invention relate to systems, methods and devices for the detection of nucleic acids. Some embodiments relate to portable devices comprising nanochannels for efficient detection of a nucleic acid comprising a target polynucleotide sequence in a sample, and use thereof. More embodiments include detection methods in which a sample and one or more nucleic acid probes are introduced into a channel. A first potential difference is applied across the length of the channel in a first direction, and a first electrical property value is detected. Subsequently, a second potential difference is applied across the length of the channel in a second opposite direction, and a second electrical property value is detected. Presence or absence of a nucleic acid in the channel is determined based on a comparison between the first and second electrical property values. 1. A device for detecting the presence of a nucleic acid that comprises a target polynucleotide sequence in a sample , the device comprising:a substrate having a channel thereon, preferably one or more nanochannels;a sample chamber in fluid communication with the channel, wherein the nucleic acid that comprises the target polynucleotide sequence is moved from the sample chamber to the channel during use;a detector in communication with the channel; anda nucleic acid detection circuit in communication with the detector, wherein the nucleic acid detection circuit is configured to provide an indication of whether the nucleic acid that comprises a target polynucleotide sequence is present within the channel.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the detector is configured to provide a signal indicative of a pH of the channel to the nucleic acid detection circuit.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the detector is configured to detect an optical signal.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the detector comprises a first electrode electrically connected at a first end section of the channel and a second ...

INTEGRAL LABEL-FREE BIOSENSOR AND ANALYSIS METHOD USING THE SAME

Disclosed is an integral label-free biosensor capable of analyzing a biomolecule with high sensitivity by integrating a light source, a photodetector, an optical waveguide, and a microcantilever on a substrate, and a method of detecting a bio-antigen by using the same. The integral label-free biosensor according to the present invention may be manufactured with low cost, be easily integrated with a silicon electron device, and detect a biomolecule with high sensitivity by using a label-free method. 1. An integral label-free biosensor , comprising:a substrate;a light source formed on the substrate;a photodetector formed to be spaced apart from the light source on the substrate;a first optical waveguide connected with the light source and extended to the photodetector;a second optical waveguide connected with the photodetector and extended to the light source;an insulating layer formed between the light source and the photodetector on the substrate, and configured to support the first and second optical waveguides;a microcantilever connected to the first optical waveguide, and positioned between the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide; anda microfluidic channel configured to inject a sample into the microcantilever.2. The integral label-free biosensor of claim 1 , further comprising:a polymer layer formed on the first optical waveguide, the microcantilever, and the second optical waveguide.3. The integral label-free biosensor of claim 2 , wherein a bio-antibody is fixed onto the microcantilever or the polymer layer.4. The integral label-free biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the first optical waveguide and the microcantilever are integrally connected claim 1 , and have a finger shape.5. The integral label-free biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the microfluidic channel is formed on the microcantilever claim 1 , the first optical waveguide claim 1 , and the second optical waveguide.6. The integral label-free biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the light source ...

SYSTEM FOR MEASURING OPTICAL SIGNAL DETECTOR PERFORMANCE

A system including an optical signal detector and a controller operatively coupled to the optical signal detector and configured to determine an operational performance status of the optical signal detector. The optical signal detector includes a detection channel having a light source and a sensor, where the detection channel is configured to emit and focus light generated by the light source at a detection zone and to receive and focus light on the sensor. The optical performance status of the optical signal detector is based on a measured characteristic of light focused on the sensor while a non-fluorescent surface is in the detection zone and/or a measured characteristic of light focused on the sensor while a void is in the detection zone. 1. A system for measuring optical signal detector performance , comprising:an optical signal detector comprising a first detection channel having a first light source and a first sensor, the first detection channel being configured to emit and focus light generated by the first light source at a first detection zone, and to receive and focus light on the first sensor; anda controller operatively coupled to the optical signal detector and configured to determine an operational performance status of the optical signal detector based on at least one of (i) a first measured characteristic of light focused on the sensor while a first non-fluorescent surface portion is in the first detection zone and (ii) a second measured characteristic of light focused on the sensor while a void is in the first detection zone.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein each of the first measured characteristic and the second measured characteristic is an intensity of light.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to determine the operational performance status by determining whether the first measured characteristic is within a first predetermined non-fluorescent-surface characteristic range.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

DEVICE AND METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTIONS OF POLYMERS AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF OTHER POLYMER PROPERTIES WITHOUT PHYSICAL SEPARATION

Devices and methods for determining the cumulative distribution of a polymer property in a reactor without physical separation of reaction subcomponents. The device includes a means of measuring an instantaneous property of the polymers being produced in a reaction vessel a plurality of times during a polymerization reaction as well as a means of determining the corresponding change in polymer concentration in the reaction vessel between measurements of the instantaneous polymer property The device also includes a means of computing a statistical distribution appropriate to the polymer characteristic and applying the statistical distribution to a recently measured instantaneous value of the polymer property so as to have an instantaneous distribution of the polymer property and a means of adding together the instantaneous distributions of the polymer property in order to obtain the cumulative distribution of the polymer property in the reactor. 1. A method comprising:measuring an instantaneous average property of polymers being produced by a polymerization reaction occurring in a reaction vessel a plurality of times during the polymerization reaction;determining a corresponding change in polymer concentration in the reaction vessel based at least in part on successive measurements of the instantaneous average property of the polymers;computing an instantaneous distribution of the polymer property corresponding to the most recently measured instantaneous average property using a statistical distribution; andadding together the instantaneous distributions of the polymer with their amplitude proportional to the change in polymer concentration between successive values of instantaneous average polymer property, in order to obtain the cumulative distribution of the polymer population in the reactor up to the latest measured value of the instantaneous average polymer property and change in polymer concentration.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

Methods and Apparatus for Determination of Halohydrocarbons

A real-time, on-line method and analytical system for determining halohydrocarbons in water which operate by (1) extracting on-line samples; (2) purging volatile halohydrocarbons from the water (e.g., with air or nitrogen); (3) carrying the purge gas containing the analytes of interest over a porous surface where the analytes are adsorbed; (4) recovering the analytes from the porous surface with heat (thermal desorption) or solvent (solvent elution) to drive the analytes into an organic chemical mixture; (5) generating an optical change (e.g., color change) in dependence upon a reaction involving the analytes and a pyridine derivative; and (6) measuring optical characteristics associated with the reaction to quantify the volatile halogenated hydrocarbon concentration. 1. (canceled)2. An apparatus to monitor halohydrocarbon presence in a water distribution system , the apparatus comprising:circuitry to communicate with a network;a sample extraction mechanism to from-time-to-time draw water samples from the water distribution system;a reservoir for a standard;a measurement system to obtain measurements of halohydrocarbon concentration in respective ones of the water samples; control the sample extraction mechanism and the measurement system so as obtain the measurements,', 'control the apparatus so as to from-time-to-time perform calibrations using the standard, and', 'renew the measurement system for ensuing ones of the measurements;, 'an electronic control system to'}wherein the electronic control system is to control the apparatus to obtain the measurements according to timing that is externally dictated via the network.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the circuitry is to connect to a wide area network (WAN) claim 2 , wherein the electronic control system is to receive instruction from the WAN to dynamically draw a water sample from the water distribution system and to measure halohydrocarbon concentration in the dynamically-drawn water sample claim 2 , and ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING CANINE CANCER

It has been found that canine ECPKA protein secrets in a high level and an autoantibody against the canine ECPKA protein is formed in dogs with cancer. It is also found that human ECPKA does not selectively bind to a canine ECPKA autoantibody and cannot serve as a biomarker. In addition, canine ECPKA autoantibody detection can be used as a meaningful diagnosis tool for cancer in dogs only when quantitative measurement of such antibodies is adapted. When the measurement of canine ECPKA autoantibody is not conclusive, measuring CRP can provide supplemental data that can be used to improve the predictability of the canine ECPKA autoantibody measurement. 1. A lateral flow kit for quantitatively detecting an antibody of canine ECPKA in blood of a dog , comprising:a first solid phase having an immobilized purified recombinant canine PKA Cα protein wherein the recombinant canine PKA Cα protein has an amino acid sequence comprising SEQ ID NO. 005,a conjugate pad comprising a conjugated coloring agent with an optical density wherein the conjugated coloring agent is conjugated with a first binding protein, anda second solid phase comprising a second binding protein,wherein the conjugated coloring agent is configured to provide a first color intensity in the first solid phase and a second color intensity in the second solid phase, andwherein the first color intensity quantitatively depends on the concentration of the antibody in the blood of the dog and the second color intensity is independent of the concentration of the antibody2. The lateral flow kit according to claim 1 , wherein the optical density of the conjugated coloring agent is between 5-30.3. The lateral flow kit according to claim 1 , wherein the optical density of the conjugated coloring agent is between 10-20.4. The lateral flow kit according to claim 1 , wherein the lateral flow kit detects cancer in the dog with a specificity of at least about 80% and a sensitivity of at least about 80%.5. The lateral flow kit ...

INSPECTION APPARATUS AND INSPECTION METHOD USING THE SAME

An inspection apparatus including a detector configured to emit light to a chamber in which reaction of a sample and a reagent occurs and to detect an optical signal from the chamber, and a controller configured to acquire optical property data based on the detected optical signal and to predict inspection results using the optical property data acquired until a reference point in time. 1. An inspection apparatus comprising:a detector configured to emit light to a chamber in which reaction of a sample and a reagent occurs, and to detect an optical signal from the chamber; anda controller configured to acquire optical property data based on the detected optical signal and to predict inspection results using the optical property data acquired before a reference time.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a storage configured to store a pattern of the optical property data for each of at least one or more inspection items.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the pattern of the optical property data claim 2 , stored in the storage claim 2 , is determined based on an average value of the acquired optical property data.4. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to search the storage for the pattern of the optical property data corresponding to a current inspection item claim 2 , and predict the inspection results using the pattern of the optical property data corresponding to the current inspection item and the optical property data acquired before the reference time.5. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the pattern of optical property data is at least one selected from the group including a linear pattern claim 3 , a log pattern claim 3 , an exponential pattern claim 3 , and a polynomial pattern.6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the optical property of the optical signal is at least one selected from the group including optical density claim 1 , transmittance claim 1 , reflectance ...

MULTIPLE BIOMARKER SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS APPARATUS AND METHOD

Provided is a multiple biomarker simultaneous analysis apparatus comprising: a cartridge mounting portion in which a cartridge is installed, the cartridge including at least one well and a tip , wherein the at least one well includes a sample well into which a sample S containing a detection target material T is injected, and a reaction well accommodating a first binding material , which is specifically bound to the detection target material T and to which a marker R is coupled, and the tip is inserted into the at least one well and a second binding material that is specifically bound to the detection target material T is coupled to one end of the tip ; a tip coupling portion coupled to the tip and movable on a predetermined movement trajectory while being coupled to the tip ; an optical unit radiating light toward the tip and receiving light generated from the tip according to light radiation; and a processing unit determining whether the detection target material T is present in the sample S according to a predetermined method using the light received by the optical unit 115-. (canceled)16. A multiple biomarker simultaneous analysis apparatus , comprising:a cartridge mounting portion in which a cartridge is installed, the cartridge comprising at least one well and a tip, wherein the at least one well comprises a sample well into which a sample S containing a detection target material T is injected, and a reaction well accommodating a first binding material, which is specifically bound to the detection target material T and to which a marker R is coupled, and the tip is inserted into the at least one well and a second binding material that is specifically bound to the detection target material T is coupled to one end of the tip;a tip coupling portion coupled to the tip and movable on a predetermined movement trajectory while being coupled to the tip;an optical unit radiating light toward the tip and receiving light generated from the tip according to light ...

METHODS DEVICES AND SYSTEMS FOR OPTICAL PROBING OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND INTERACTIONS

Non-linear spectroscopic devices, systems, and methods for probing molecules. A non-linear spectroscopic method for probing molecules can include providing a plurality of molecules in an aqueous solution, the providing being effective for permitting the molecules to be free in said aqueous solution and without the molecules being bound to another material such that second harmonic or sum frequency coherent light would result from the illumination of the molecules changes in their conformation. The method can also include probing the molecules by directing light at one or more selected frequencies to generate second harmonic or sum frequency incoherent light resulting from predefined interactions between the first and second molecules and capturing the incoherent light and detecting the same. 1. A spectroscopic method for probing molecules , the method comprising:providing target molecules having the potential to bind and thereby form electronic and/or vibrational resonances upon illumination by light at one or more selected frequencies;combining the target molecules free in a solution without being attached to a surface of a material, including permitting binding pairs of the molecules to bind and such that mutual alignment of interfaces between binding pairs of the target molecules is not present;irradiating the target molecules at one or more of the one or more selected frequencies; the one or more selected frequencies includes one frequency and the one or more selected bands include a second harmonic of the one frequency; or', 'the one or more selected frequencies includes two frequencies and the one or more selected bands include a sum frequency of the two frequencies;, 'filtering incoherent light resulting from said irradiating, the filtering being effective to attenuate light components of said incoherent light at frequencies outside one or more selected bands, whereindetecting a filtered result of the filtering, generating a signal responsively to the ...

DEVICE FOR MEASURING ELECTROLYTE IONS USING OPTODES AND USES THEREOF

Provided is a device for measuring electrolyte ions that is capable of providing a uniform pH environment in the region of an optode, and a method of measuring electrolyte ion concentration using the device. 1. A method of measuring an electrolyte ion concentration comprising: flowing a sample into a device for measuring electrolyte ions; and detecting a reaction between an optode in the device and the sample ,wherein the device for measuring electrolyte ions comprises one or more optodes disposed on a surface of a first substrate facing one or more buffers disposed on a surface of a second substrate, wherein the one or more optodes comprises a polymer; and one or more of the optodes are surrounded by a shielding material which is hydrophobic compared to the optodes;wherein the device comprises one or more spacers between the first substrate and the second substrate; the spacers and the first and second substrates together define a cavity or channel; and the one or more optodes and the one or more buffers are within the cavity or channel,and wherein the one or more optodes each comprise a target ionophore which complexes with the target ion when present, and an indicator ionophore which provides a detectable signal indicating the complexes and the optodes are soluble in organic solvent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein detecting a reaction between an optode in the device and the sample comprises detecting a color change in the optode.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the device for measuring electrolyte ions comprises an array of optodes on the surface of the first substrate claim 1 , and an array of buffers on the surface of the second substrate claim 1 , wherein the array of optodes faces the array of buffers.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the buffer is HEPES buffer claim 1 , MES buffer claim 1 , ADA buffer claim 1 , bis-tris buffer claim 1 , tris buffer claim 1 , formate buffer claim 1 , sodium phosphate buffer claim 1 , citrate buffer claim 1 , MOPS buffer ...

OPTICAL DETECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF COMPENSATING DETECTION ERROR

An optical detection apparatus for measuring detection chambers of a specimen cartridge includes: a light source unit including light sources which are arranged along a scan line on which the detection chambers are aligned to be scanned, and configured to emit light rays to the detection chambers; and an optical detector configured to detect the light rays having passed through corresponding detection chambers disposed on the scan line. The light sources include main wavelength light sources which are used for measuring samples disposed in the detection chambers, and a sub-wavelength light source which is used for correcting a measuring error. 1. An optical detection apparatus for measuring detection chambers of a specimen cartridge , the apparatus comprising: main wavelength light sources which are used for measuring samples disposed in the detection chambers, and', 'a sub-wavelength light source which is used for correcting a measuring error; and, 'a light source unit comprising light sources which are arranged along a scan line on which detection chambers are aligned to be scanned, and configured to emit light rays to the detection chambers, the light sources comprisingan optical detector configured to detect the light rays having passed through corresponding detection chambers disposed on the scan line.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the main wavelength light sources are provided in a plurality of lines parallel to the scan line and the sub-wavelength light source is provided in each of the lines claim 1 , andmeasuring signals detected based on the light rays emitted from the main wavelength light sources disposed on one line of the plurality of lines are corrected by a measuring signal detected based on the light ray emitted from the sub-wavelength light source disposed on a same line.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sub-wavelength light source is disposed between the main wavelength light sources.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the main ...

DRY LAMINATED PHOTOLUMINESCENT PROBE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE AND USE

Dry laminated photoluminescent probe () and methods of manufacture and use. The probe () includes a support layer () with a plurality of separate and independent optically active particles () dry laminated onto a first major surface () of the support layer () forming a sensing area () on the support layer (). The optically active particles () are preferably laminated onto the support layer () via a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive (). 1. A remotely interrogatable optochemical probe which produces a specific measurable optical response to a target analyte from which target analyte can be reliably quantified , the probe comprising:(a) a support layer having a first major surface,(b) a first layer of pressure sensitive adhesive coated onto the first major surface of the support layer, and(c) a plurality of separate and independent optically active particles sensitive to a target analyte, dry laminated and pattern deposited onto the first major surface of the support layer via the first layer of pressure sensitive adhesive coated onto the first major surface of the support layer, so as the form at least one discrete sensing area on the first major surface of the support layer with areas of pressure sensitive adhesive still exposed.2. The probe of further comprising a plurality of separate and independent diluent particles interspersed with and dry laminated onto the first major surface of the support layer along with the optically active particles.3. (canceled)4. The probe of further comprising a protective layer covering at least the sensing area.5. The probe of wherein the support law has a second major surface opposite the first major surface claim 1 , and the probe further comprises a second layer of pressure sensitive adhesive coated onto the second major surface of the support layer.6. The probe of further comprising a release liner covering the second layer of pressure sensitive adhesive.7. (canceled)8. The probe of wherein the optically active particles are ...

BLOOD SAMPLE DETERMINATION METHOD AND BLOOD SAMPLE ANALYZER

Disclosed is a blood sample determination method including: emitting light to a measurement specimen prepared by mixing a clotting time measuring reagent and a blood sample suspected to be derived from a subject having lupus anticoagulant or a coagulation factor inhibitor, to obtain optical information about an amount of light from the measurement specimen; obtaining at least one parameter regarding derivative of clot waveform, based on the obtained optical information; and determining, based on a value of the obtained parameter, whether the blood sample is suspected to be a sample derived from a subject having lupus anticoagulant or is suspected to be a sample derived from a subject having a coagulation factor inhibitor. 1. A blood sample determination method comprising:emitting light to a measurement specimen prepared by mixing a clotting time measuring reagent and a blood sample suspected to be derived from a subject having lupus anticoagulant or a coagulation factor inhibitor, to obtain optical information about an amount of light from the measurement specimen;obtaining at least one parameter regarding derivative of clot waveform, based on the obtained optical information; anddetermining, based on a value of the obtained parameter, whether the blood sample is suspected to be a sample derived from a subject having lupus anticoagulant or is suspected to be a sample derived from a subject having a coagulation factor inhibitor.2. The blood sample determination method of claim 1 , whereinin the determining, the value of the obtained parameter is compared with a predetermined threshold, and determination on the blood sample is made based on a result of the comparison.3. The blood sample determination method of claim 1 , whereinthe optical information is an amount of scattered light, transmittance, or absorbance which has been measured continuously or intermittently, and the clot waveform is a waveform representing temporal change in the amount of scattered light, the ...

OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEM USING LATERAL ILLUMINATION FOR DIGITAL ASSAYS

A compact optical imaging system including a single filter and a light source that provides lateral illumination for bead detection in digital assays. The light source is configured to emit light toward the detection vessel. The single filter is positioned to receive light reflected from a sample in the detection vessel, that originated from the light source, and receive an output from a sample in the detection vessel. A detector is configured to receive a portion of the reflected light and a portion of the output that passes through the single filter. 1. A compact digital assay apparatus comprising:a detection vessel;a light source configured to emit light toward the detection vessel; receive light reflected from a sample in the detection vessel, that originated from the light source, and', 'receive an output from a sample in the detection vessel; and, 'a single filter positioned to'}a detector configured to receive a portion of the reflected light and a portion of the output that passes through the single filter.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the light source is a light-emitting diode.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the light source includes a plurality of light-emitting diodes.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the light source is comprised of more than one light source.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the light source is configured to change colors.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the light source is configured to change between a blue color and a green color.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the green color light source reflects off a sample in the detection vessel for the detector to generate optical data identifying whether a bead is present in the sample.8. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the blue color light source excites a sample in the detection vessel for the detector to generate optical data identifying whether an enzyme is present in the sample.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the output is a fluorescence ...

Chemical sensing apparatus having multiple immobilized reagents

An apparatus sensing two or more reactants or analytes in a sample is provided. The apparatus has an one or more light sources emitting energy with two or more detection targets having an immobilized reagent within the target surface. One or more detectors are provided where the two or more detection targets having immobilized reagent thereon are in communication with the sample and the immobilized reagent interacts with the sample. Energy is incident on the targets from the at least one light source such that the energy is changed by the interaction and the change is in turn detected by the at least one detector and associated with a measurement of the level of the reactant or analyte in the sample. A method of making a sensing apparatus and a method of sensing using the sensing apparatus are also disclosed.

Robust Interferometer and Methods of Using Same

Provided are improved optical detection systems and methods for using same, which systems and methods comprise single channel interferometric detection systems and methods for determining a characteristic property of samples. Such interferometric detection systems and methods employ a light beam that impinges two or more discrete zones along a channel, thereby avoiding variations that can result in increases in detection limits and/or measurement errors. 1. A method for determining a characteristic property of a sample comprising the steps of:(a) providing a sample positioned inside a channel of a microfluidic device, wherein the channel has a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction;(b) interrogating the sample with a light beam, wherein the light beam is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the channel, such that the light beam is incident on at least a portion of the channel, wherein a length of the incidence is greater than 8 mm in length along the longitudinal direction; and(c) generating scattered light through reflective and refractive interaction of the light beam with a substrate/channel interface and the sample, the scattered light comprising interference fringe patterns elongated in at least one direction, wherein the interference fringe patterns shift in response to changes in the refractive index of the sample.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of receiving a plurality of intensity signals with a signal analyzer and determining therefrom one or more characteristic properties of the sample.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light beam is incident on at least a portion of the channel claim 1 , wherein a length of the incidence is greater than 10 mm in length along the longitudinal direction.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scattered light is backscattered light.5. A method for determining a characteristic property of a sample comprising the steps of:(a) providing a microfluidic device having a channel formed ...

ASSAY ANALYSIS

Apparatus and assemblies for the detection of at least one analyte in a sample are shown and described. In one embodiment, the assembly generates a test result from an assay and includes an integrated reader and incubator, wherein the incubator incubates the assay as the reader generates the test result. The reader typically has an optical detector aligned with a light source for detecting a plurality of transmission of light on the assay. The result is systems and methods to improve the detection of the presence and/or absence of at least one analyte in a sample. 1. An apparatus to generate a test result from an assay when contacted with a sample , said apparatus comprising:a. an incubator adapted to incubate said assay; and 'wherein incubation of said assay and detection of said transmissions of light on said assay generates said test result.', 'b. an optical detector adapted to detect a first transmission of light on said assay and adapted to detect at least a subsequent transmission of light on said assay, and'}2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said apparatus is adapted to perfoim a continuous image detection of said assay.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein an incubation environment comprises a heated environment.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein an incubation environment comprises a cooled environment.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein an incubation environment comprises a maintained consistent temperature environment.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said optical detector detects a transmission of light passed through said assay.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said optical detector monitors at least one pre-test parameter after acquiring at least one image detection on said assay.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the image detection is an optical reflectance value.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said assay is a test strip having at least one test line and at least one control line claim 1 , and whereby a theoretical ...

SENSOR DEVICE AND DETECTION APPARATUS

A sensor device according to the present technology includes a stack sensor. The stack sensor includes a first sensor layer and a second sensor layer. The first sensor layer has, as a detection target, a first substrate in a culture solution, the first substrate being changed in accordance with a change in a state of a cell. The second sensor layer has, as a detection target, a second substrate in the culture solution and is provided on the first sensor layer, the second substrate being changed in accordance with the change in the state. 1. A sensor device , comprising: a first sensor layer that has, as a detection target, a first substrate in a culture solution, the first substrate being changed in accordance with a change in a state of a cell, and', 'a second sensor layer that has, as a detection target, a second substrate in the culture solution and is provided on the first sensor layer, the second substrate: being changed in accordance with the change in the state., 'a stack sensor that includes'}2. The sensor device according to claim 1 , whereinthe first sensor layer contains a first optically active substance that reacts with the first substrate, andthe second sensor layer contains a second optically active substance that reacts with the second substrate and has a first main surface to be in contact with the first sensor layer and a second main surface to be in contact with the cell.3. The sensor device according to claim 1 , whereinthe second sensor layer has a transmittance of the first substrate higher than that of the first sensor layer.4. The sensor device according to claim 1 , whereinthe second sensor layer has an opening leading to the first sensor layer.5. The sensor device according to claim 1 , whereinthe first sensor layer contains a first optically active substance that reacts with oxygen being the first substrate, andthe second sensor layer contains a second optically active substance that reacts with a hydrogen ion being the second substrate. ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING A CONTENT OF H2S

The present invention relates to a method () for determining a content of HS in a process gas comprising HS. The method () comprises extracting () a sample of the process gas, performing oxidation () of at least a major portion of HS of the sample, whereby oxidation products comprising elemental sulfur are formed, analysing () the oxidized sample by optical absorption spectroscopy at wavelengths above 310 nm, and determining () the content of HS in the process gas based on the analysing. The invention further relates to a system () for determining a content of HS in a process gas comprising HS, and use of system (). 11. Method () for determining a content of HS in a process gas comprising HS , the method comprising:{'b': '2', 'extracting () a sample of the process gas,'}{'b': '4', 'sub': '2', 'performing oxidation () of at least a major portion of HS of the sample, whereby oxidation products comprising elemental sulfur are formed,'}{'b': '6', 'analysing () the oxidized sample by optical absorption spectroscopy at wavelengths from 310 nm to 700 nm, and'}{'b': '8', 'sub': '2', 'determining () the content of HS in the process gas based on the analysing.'}21. The method () according to claim 1 , wherein{'b': '6', 'the analysing () the oxidized sample by optical absorption spectroscopy comprises obtaining at least one spectrum, and'}{'b': '8', 'sub': '2', 'determining () the content of HS in the process gas based on the analysing comprises comparing the obtained at least one spectrum with at least one reference spectrum.'}314. The method () according to claim 1 , wherein the performing oxidation () comprises contacting HS of the sample with an oxidizing agent.414. The method () according to claim 1 , wherein the performing oxidation () comprises heat treating the sample.51. The method () according to claim 4 , wherein the heat treating the sample is at a temperature of 300° C. or above claim 4 , preferably at 300° C. to 400° C. claim 4 , most preferably at 300° C. to 310 ...

METHOD OF MONITORING LIGHT EMISSION, SUBSTRATE PROCESSING METHOD, AND SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS

A method of monitoring light emission of SiF in a reaction that forms a SiFgas includes: guiding an exhaust gas, which includes the SiFgas formed in the reaction, together with an Ar gas to a light emission monitoring unit; and monitoring the light emission of SiF in a state in which a measurement environment of the light emission monitoring unit is set to be an Ar gas atmosphere. 1. A method of monitoring light emission of SiF in a reaction that forms a SiFgas; the method comprising:{'sub': '4', 'guiding an exhaust gas, which includes the SiFgas formed in the reaction, together with an Ar gas to a light emission monitoring unit; and'}monitoring the light emission of SiF in a state in which a measurement environment of the light emission monitoring unit is set to be an Ar gas atmosphere.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction that forms the SiFgas is a decomposition reaction of ammonium fluorosilicate formed on a surface of a substrate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the ammonium fluorosilicate is a reaction product formed when a silicon-based oxide film formed on the substrate is etched by a fluorine-containing gas.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the fluorine-containing gas includes a HF gas and a NHgas.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the Ar gas atmosphere is an atmosphere in which a volume % of the Ar gas is greater than 87%.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction that forms the SiFgas is an etching reaction when a silicon-containing film is etched by a fluorine-containing gas.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the etching reaction is an etching reaction when a silicon film is etched by a HF gas and a Fgas.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Ar gas atmosphere is an atmosphere in which a volume % of the Ar gas is greater than 87%.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light emission monitoring unit excites the SiFgas by a plasma to form SiF claim 1 , and monitors the light emission of the SiF.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Assay analysis

Apparatus and assemblies for the detection of at least one analyte in a sample are shown and described. In one embodiment, the assembly generates a test result from an assay and includes an integrated reader and incubator, wherein the incubator incubates the assay as the reader generates the test result. The reader typically has an optical detector aligned with a light source for detecting a plurality of transmission of light on the assay. The result is systems and methods to improve the detection of the presence and/or absence of at least one analyte in a sample.

Method and Apparatus for Measuring Protein Post-Translational Modification

The present invention includes a method for analyzing reactions. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The donor chemical is capable of donating a chemical moiety to the acceptor chemical. The solution further includes at least one controller chemical that affects the reaction between the donor chemical and the acceptor chemical. The solution is then incubated so that a portion of the acceptor chemical reacts with the donor chemical form an acceptor product. Unreacted donor chemical is separated from the acceptor product. The acceptor product or the donor chemical is then measured using X-ray fluorescence. Another aspect of the present invention includes a method for analyzing protein function. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The donor chemical is capable of donating a chemical moiety to the acceptor chemical. The donor chemical includes a functional group selected from ester, anhydride, imide, acyl halide, and amide. The solution is then incubated so that a portion of the acceptor chemical reacts with the donor chemical to form an acceptor product. Unreacted donor chemical is separated from the acceptor product. The acceptor product or the donor chemical is then measured using X-ray fluorescence. Yet another aspect of the present invention includes a method for analyzing protein function. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The solution is then incubated so that a portion of the acceptor chemical reacts with the donor chemical to form an acceptor product. Unreacted donor chemical is separated from the acceptor product. The acceptor product or the donor chemical is then measured using X-ray fluorescence. An additional analytical method is also used to measure either the acceptor product or the donor chemical. 215 ...

AUTOMATIC ANALYER

An automatic analyzer which can reduce the effort necessary for conducting a test of limit of detection/limit of quantification properties and managing the test results is provided. Operation condition-setting means for conducting an evaluation test for at least one of a limit of detection and a limit of quantification for each measurement item, determination condition-setting means for setting a determination condition of the evaluation test, and a calculation unit for obtaining a measurement result of a dilution series containing different dilution concentrations by controlling the sample-dispensing mechanism, the reagent-dispensing mechanism and the measurement unit based on the set operation condition, and calculating a test result of the evaluation test from the measurement result of the dilution series based on the set determination condition are disposed. 1. An automatic analyzer which is characterized by havinga sample-dispensing mechanism for dispensing a sample to a reaction container,a reagent-dispensing mechanism for dispensing a reagent to the reaction container,a measurement unit for optically measuring a mixture of the sample and the reagent,operation condition-setting means for conducting an evaluation test for at least one of a limit of detection and a limit of quantification for each measurement item,determination condition-setting means for setting a determination condition of the evaluation test, anda calculation unit for obtaining a measurement result of a dilution series containing different dilution concentrations by controlling the sample-dispensing mechanism, the reagent-dispensing mechanism and the measurement unit based on the set operation condition, and calculating a test result of the evaluation test from the measurement result of the dilution series based on the set determination condition.2. The automatic analyzer of claim 1 ,which further has provided information-setting means for setting provided information given when reporting an ...

METHOD OF ASSESSING HAIR COLOUR CHANGES

The invention provides a method of assessing the potential colour protecting effect in vivo of a test formulation such as rinse-off hair treatment formulation, the method comprising the steps of: providing a sample of the test formulation to be assessed; providing a model substrate in the form of a hair switch which has been artificially coloured; applying the test formulation to the hair switch; subsequently rinsing the test formulation from the hair switch; collecting the rinse liquor and analysing it for the presence of eluted colour; characterised in that the artificial colour used to colour the hair switch is a permanent hair colorant with a shade level 1 or 2 according to the International Colour Chart (I.C.C.). The method provides improved sensitivity and differentiation, and enables the tester to compare different technologies in terms of effectiveness. 1. A method of assessing the potential colour protecting effect in vivo of a test formulation such as a rinse-off hair treatment formulation , the method comprising the steps of:providing a sample of the test formulation to be assessed;providing a model substrate in the form of a hair switch which has been artificially coloured;applying the test formulation to the hair switch;subsequently rinsing the test formulation from the hair switch;collecting the rinse liquor and analysing it for the presence of eluted colour;characterised in that the artificial colour used to colour the hair switch is a permanent hair colorant with a shade level 1 or 2 according to the International Colour Chart (I.C.C.).2. A method according to claim 1 , in which the permanent hair colorant is a two part formulation containing a hair colorant incorporating oxidative dye precursors that are operable claim 1 , when combined with an aqueous oxidizing agent claim 1 , to impart colour to the hair.3. A method according to claim 2 , in which the oxidative dye precursors include primary intermediates and couplers for the formation of ...

Measuring Device for Tubular Bag Packaging Machines

The invention relates to a measuring device, more particularly for a tubular bag packaging machine to determine the concentration of at least one gas within a package to be sealed, wherein it is possible to introduce a protective gas via a gas lance into the package to be sealed. The measuring device comprises an indicator a light conductor and an evaluation unit wherein the indicator is comprised of a fluorescent material, preferably a polymer material and arranged at the end of the light conductor and within the package to be sealed, wherein the evaluation unit takes-up and evaluates an optical signal from the indicator via the light conductor to determine the concentration of the at least one gas. 11232456452645. Measuring device , more particularly for a tubular bag packaging machine () , to determine the concentration of at least one gas within a package () to be sealed , wherein it is possible to introduce a protective gas via a gas lance () into the package () to be sealed , characterized in that , the measuring device comprises an indicator () , a light conductor () , and an evaluation unit () , wherein the indicator () is comprised of a fluorescent material , preferably a polymer material and arranged at the end of the light conductor () and within the package () to be sealed , wherein the evaluation unit () takes-up and evaluates an optical signal from the indicator () via the light conductor () to determine the concentration of the at least one gas.24. Measuring device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the indicator () is subdivided into ranges claim 1 , each range being sensitive to a certain concentration of a gas or to a concentration of a certain gas.34. Measuring device according to any of the preceding or claim 1 , characterized in that the indicator () produces fluorescence at a pre-defined partial pressure of the gas to be determined and/or reflects and/or transmits light in a certain range.434. Measuring device according to any of the ...

TEST INSTRUMENT AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SAME

Disclosed herein are a test instrument and a method of controlling the same, capable of performing a basic test on a sample of a patient, determining whether to perform an additional test, and displaying interfaces associated with a progress level, a necessary time, etc. of the additional test on a display unit when the additional test is performed, thereby enabling a user to visibly recognize information associated with a performing process of each test. The test instrument includes: a detection unit configured to apply light to at least one chamber in which a reaction between a reagent and a sample occurs and to detect an optical signal from the chamber to test the sample held in a reaction device, a control unit configured to determine whether to perform a secondary test on the sample after a primary test is performed on the sample and to control to display a secondary test progress interface showing a progress level of the secondary test when the secondary test is performed, and a display unit configured to display a primary test progress interface showing a progress level of the primary test on the sample and to display the secondary test progress interface showing the progress level of the secondary test when the secondary test is performed on the sample. 1. A test instrument comprising:a detection unit configured to apply light to at least one chamber in which a reaction between a reagent and a sample occurs and to detect an optical signal from the chamber to test the sample held in a reaction device;a control unit configured to determine whether to perform a secondary test on the sample after a primary test is performed on the sample and to control to display a secondary test progress interface showing a progress level of the secondary test when the secondary test is performed; anda display unit configured to display a primary test progress interface showing a progress level of the primary test on the sample and to display the secondary test progress ...

IN VITRO METHOD FOR ESTIMATING IN VIVO PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY

An analysis technique can be performed to quantify the digestible protein content of a protein-containing sample outside the body of a living organism. Traditionally, protein digestibility is evaluated in vivo, for example using a rat subject to measure protein digestibility after being fed the protein-containing sample. In some examples, an in vitro technique involves enzymatically digesting the protein-containing sample to simulate digestion that would occur inside a mammalian body. The sample can then be optically analyzed to measure the amount of reactive amine present in the sample, which can provide an indication of the amount of amino acid released during digestion. In some examples, the measured reactive amine value is adjusted to account for the stronger and/or weaker optical response of certain amino acids due to their relative reactivity with an optical tagging agent. Thereafter, an in vivo protein digestibility value can be calculated based on adjusted amine concentration. 1. A method comprising:combining a sample containing a protein with at least one enzyme configured to simulate mammalian protein digestion, thereby at least partially hydrolyzing the protein and producing therefrom a hydrolyzed protein solution;adding a spectroscopic agent to the hydrolyzed protein solution that reacts with at least one of amine terminal and carboxylic terminal groups in the hydrolyzed protein solution, thereby forming an spectroscopic analysis solution;spectroscopically analyzing the spectroscopic analysis solution and determining therefrom a value indicative of at least one of a concentration of reactive amine groups in the spectroscopic analysis solution and a concentration of reactive carboxylic acid groups in the spectroscopic analysis solution;adjusting the value indicative of at least one of the concentration of reactive amine groups and the concentration of reactive carboxylic acid groups using amino acid concentration data for the sample to determine at least ...