СПОСОБ ПОИСКА КИМБЕРЛИТОВЫХ ТРУБОК

Изобретение относится к разведочной геофизике. Сущность: для поиска кимберлитовых трубок применяют радиолокационное зондирование импульсами магнитного поля. При этом в состав излучающего и приемного устройств включены горизонтальные магнитные диполи. Тем самым используют в дополнение к возможному различию кимберлитовых трубок от перекрывающих и вмещающих пород и неоднородностей строения самих трубок по электрическим свойствам отличие кимберлитовых трубок от перечисленных пород только по магнитной проницаемости. Выделяют предположительно кимберлитовые трубки по увеличению амплитуды и другим особенностям отраженного сигнала или их группы.

СПОСОБ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЯ

Использование: при космическом мониторинге природных сред. Сущность изобретения: зондами, установленными на группировке космических аппаратов, регистрируют изменение критической частоты по двум координатам: по трассе полета и по высоте. Рассчитывают результирующую турбулентность Д плотности электронной концентрации как сумму дисперсий турбулентностей по координатам. Отслеживают изменение Д по серии измерений на последовательных витках и вычисляют время удара и магнитуду. Определяют координаты проекции гипоцентра очага на ионосферу как точку пересечения радиус-векторов, направляющие косинусы которых вычисляют через их проекции на восходящих и нисходящих витках орбит. 5 ил.

ДАТЧИК ДЛЯ ПОИСКА ДЕФЕКТА ПОДЗЕМНОЙ КОММУНИКАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к области испытательной техники и предназначено для использования при испытании трубопроводов с помощью акустических течеискателей. Изобретение направлено на упрощение поиска подземной коммуникации и упрощение поиска дефекта в ней. Этот технический результат обеспечивается за счет того, что датчик для поиска дефекта подземных коммуникаций содержит обечайку, в нижней части которой имеется мембрана, на которой расположен прижимаемый к ней пьезоэлектрический элемент, и крышку, соединенную с обечайкой, при этом в крышку встроен держатель в виде трубки, на концах которой укреплены электромагнитные антенны, разнесенные на базовое расстояние друг от друга, а выводы от электромагнитных антенн и пьезоэлементов подключены к вычислителю. 2 ил.

ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНАЯ РАЗВЕДКА ДЛЯ РЕЗИСТИВНЫХ ИЛИ ПРОВОДЯЩИХ ТЕЛ

Изобретение относится к морской электромагнитной разведке. Сущность: способ включает в себя этапы, на которых обеспечивают данные горизонтального электромагнитного поля, полученные, по меньшей мере, одним приемником от, по меньшей мере, одного передатчика с горизонтальным электрическим диполем. Определяют горизонтальные градиенты в данных электромагнитного поля для первой составляющей данных электромагнитного поля в первом направлении и для второй составляющей данных электромагнитного поля во втором направлении. Первая и вторая составляющие могут представлять собой электрическое поле в первом и втором направлениях или магнитное поле, перпендикулярное первому направлению и второму направлению. Затем градиенты объединяют для обеспечения данных комбинированного отклика. Технический результат: поскольку данные комбинированного отклика сравнительно нечувствительны к составляющей поперечной электрической моды (ТЕ) передаваемого сигнала, изобретение позволяет обнаруживать углеводородные коллекторы ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ЖИВЫХ ОРГАНИЗМОВ

Предложены способ и устройство для обнаружения живых организмов, в частности для обнаружения живых человеческих организмов, с помощью электромагнитных сигналов и приемника электромагнитных сигналов. Обнаружение жизненных функций позволяет находить погребенных заживо людей и отличать живых людей от трупов, обеспечивая тем самым экономию времени. Изобретение также подходит для контролирования зданий или для определения жизненных функций пациента. Приемник (3) электромагнитных сигналов имеет устройство для извлечения частотных составляющих, характерных для живых организмов, из электромагнитных сигналов. Технический результат - повышение эффективности определения местоположения живых организмов. 2 с. и 22 з.п.ф-лы, 17 ил.

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ КОЛИЧЕСТВА НЕФТИ В ПЛАСТЕ МЕТОДОМ ДИЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЙ СПЕКТРОСКОПИИ

В заявке описаны способ и устройства оценки насыщенности флюидом толщ пород с использованием комплексной диэлектрической проницаемости. Способ может включать расчет насыщенности флюидом с использованием расчетной скорости изменения на определенной частоте мнимой части диэлектрической проницаемости относительно действительной части диэлектрической проницаемости. Способ может включать выполнение расчетов диэлектрической проницаемости с использованием электромагнитного прибора в стволе скважины. Устройство может содержать электромагнитный прибор и по меньшей мере один процессор, сконфигурированный на сохранение в памяти данных, получаемых электромагнитным прибором. По меньшей мере один процессор также может быть сконфигурирован на выполнение расчетов насыщенности флюидом. Техническим результатом при реализации заявленной группы решений выступает повышение точности оценки насыщенности флюидом толщ пород. 3 н. и 10 з.п. ф-лы, 12 ил.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ХАРАКТЕРА ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ПЛАСТОВ

Изобретение относится к области геофизических исследований и предназначено для определения характера подводных и подземных пластов, местоположение которых и геометрия известны по результатам проведенных ранее сейсмических изысканий. Сущность: Предусматривается наложение на обследуемую формацию электромагнитного поля при помощи передатчика, находящегося на морском дне или вблизи него, и регистрация ответного сигнала волнового поля при помощи антенны, также находящейся на морском дне или вблизи него. В ответном сигнале производится поиск составляющей, которая представляет собой преломленную волну. Исходя из наличия или отсутствия преломленной волновой составляющей, определяют наличие или отсутствие пласта, содержащего углеводородные соединения. Технический результат: повышение уверенности определения характера пласта, не прибегая к бурению скважины. 3 н. и 17 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННЫЙ ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬ МЕСТОПОЛОЖЕНИЯ

Использование: для определения местоположения объектов, скрытых под поверхностью оптически непрозрачных сред. Радиолокационный измеритель местоположения объектов содержит передатчик, антенное устройство и приемник, выход которого подключен к устройству регистрации. Антенное устройство выполнено в виде одноплоскостного волноводного моноимпульсного облучателя с диэлектрическим наполнением. Переключающее устройство выполнено так, что при подаче сигнала передатчика на суммарный выход моноимпульсного волноводного облучателя на выход переключающего устройства подается отраженный объектом сигнал с разностного выхода моноимпульсного облучателя, а при подаче сигнала передатчика на разностный выход моноимпульсного облучателя на выход управляемого переключающего устройства подается отраженный объектом сигнал с суммарного выхода моноимпульсного облучателя. Радиолокационный измеритель местоположения имеет два режима работы, отличающиеся уровнем мощности зондирующего радиосигнала, облучающего объект.

СИСТЕМА СВЯЗИ СВЕРХНИЗКОЧАСТОТНОГО И КРАЙНЕНИЗКОЧАСТОТНОГО ДИАПАЗОНА С ГЛУБОКОПОГРУЖЕННЫМИ И УДАЛЕННЫМИ ОБЪЕКТАМИ

Изобретение относится к области техники связи и может быть использовано для связи с удаленными морскими объектами. Технический результат: повышение мощности и надежности системы в условиях наведенных помех. Сущность: система содержит «n» генераторов синусоидального тока, нагруженных на протяженные горизонтально ориентированные передающие антенны с заземлителями на концах. Задающий генератор передающей системы состоит из системы управления, защиты и автоматики, тиристорного выпрямителя, устройства защиты, автономного инвертора напряжения, второго устройства защиты, согласующего устройства, устройства питания и двух входных переключателей. Генератор представляет собой преобразователь частоты со звеном постоянного тока. Задающий генератор работает в диапазоне частот 0,1-100 Гц, номинальная его мощность на антенную нагрузку составляет 100 кВт. Приемная часть включает буксируемую кабельную антенну, антенный усилитель и радиоприемник, состоящий из аналого-цифрового блока, обеспечивающего прием ...

ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНАЯ РАЗВЕДКА ПОЛЕЗНЫХ ИСКОПАЕМЫХ

Изобретение относится к электромагнитной разведке полезных ископаемых. Сущность: подводный генератор электромагнитного поля (ЕМ) для электромагнитной разведки морского дна содержит преобразователь переменного тока в постоянный ток, предназначенный для генерирования выходного сигнала постоянного тока из входного сигнала переменного тока, и переключающий модуль, предназначенный для генерирования сигнала, задающего форму волны, посредством избирательного переключения выходного сигнала постоянного тока. Переключающий модуль содержит первую пару переключателей и вторую пару переключателей. Каждая пара переключателей подключена последовательно между первым и вторым выходами постоянного тока. К точкам подключения между каждой парой переключателей подключены первый и второй электроды выходных сигналов. Генератор содержит антенну для генерирования электромагнитного поля в ответ на сигнал, задающий форму волны. Антенна образована парой электродов, подключенных к соответствующим электродам выходных ...

СИСТЕМЫ И СПОСОБЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯ ПОДПОВЕРХНОСТНОЙ ПРОВОДИМОСТИ

Изобретение относится к геофизике. Сущность: кабель для формирования изображения подповерхностной проводимости содержит множество сенсорных модулей. Сенсорные модули являются гибкими. Каждый из сенсорных модулей содержит гибкий кожух, содержащий множество датчиков различного вида. Множество датчиков включает в себя, по меньшей мере, электрический датчик или магнитный датчик. Каждый из модулей располагается в кабеле с разнесением от других на выбранное расстояние. Множество сенсорных модулей соединены гибкой средой. Кабель является гибким и выполнен с возможностью наматывания на бобину. Способ формирования изображений включает получение результатов измерений по постоянному току в множестве местоположений, получение первого набора результатов электрических и магнитных измерений с использованием естественных электромагнитных полей на множестве местоположений, получение второго набора результатов электрических и магнитных измерений с использованием управляемых электрических и магнитных источников ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КАЛИБРОВОЧНОГО ФИЛЬТРА ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫХ ДАННЫХ

Изобретение относится к обработке данных электромагнитного зондирования морского дна. Сущность: способ включает генерирование источником электромагнитного излучения и последующее измерение компонент электромагнитного поля приемником. При этом источник расположен достаточно близко к приемнику, так что падающий сигнал доминирует над восходящим сигналом, отраженным от геологических образований под приемником. Такие измерения могут быть использованы при анализе в частотной области для выделения падающей составляющей сигнала и формирования калибровочного фильтра для приемника. При дальнейшей обработке удаляют падающую составляющую электромагнитных данных. Способ повторяют для каждого приемника, используемого при проведении электромагнитного зондирования. 6 н. и 18 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНАЯ РАЗВЕДКА УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ В МЕЛКОМ МОРЕ

Изобретение относится к морской геофизике. Сущность: раскрыт способ определения нефтеносности подводного пласта (1) под перекрывающими геологическими слоями (2) толщиной (s) ниже морского дна (3) моря (4). Способ предполагает размещение одной или нескольких излучающих антенн (9) и одного или нескольких приемников (8) электромагнитного поля в море (4). Море имеет небольшую глубину (d) 50-350 м. Используют излучающую антенну (9) для излучения сигналов (10) из одного или нескольких прямоугольных импульсов (11), имеющих частоту, принадлежащую к очень низкой частоте от 0,01 Гц до 0,10 Гц. Используют приемные антенны (8), удаленные от излучателя (9) для приема распространяющихся электромагнитных сигналов (12). Анализируют одну или несколько компонент принятых сигналов (12) с приемников (8), имеющих удаления от около 1 км до около 12 км. При этом определяют, отличаются ли существенно сигналы (12), служащие признаком насыщенного нефтяным флюидом пласта (1) от соответствующего сигнала, который будет ...

ПЕРЕДАТЧИК ГЕОРАДАРА

Полезная модель относится к передающим устройствам и предназначена для использования в радиосвязи, геофизике и геологии для подземного излучения радиосигналов в системах связи, для каротажа скважин и при исследовании подповерхностных слоев земли зондированием электромагнитными импульсами. Техническим результатом полезной модели является повышение диапазона выбора глубины подповерхностного зондирования. Передатчик георадара дополнительно включает в себя секцию из последовательно соединенных разрядников. 2 ил.

ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ЭЛЕКТРОИМПУЛЬСНАЯ СИСТЕМА

Полезная модель относится к системам электромагнитного мониторинга развития напряженно-деформационных процессов в земной коре сейсмоактивных зон и поиску полезных ископаемых. Геофизическая электроимпульсная система содержит источник энергии с преобразователем, коммутатор, систему управления, блок накопления энергии и диполь, связанный обратной связью с блоком накопления энергии. Благодаря такому выполнению системы обеспечивается снижение расхода энергии при крупномасштабном изучении глубинного строения земной коры и верхней мантии на обширной территории во всем спектре глубин и позволяет проводить: - Исследование геодинамических процессов, протекающих в земной коре; - Изучение пространственно временного распределения напряженно деформационного поля в сейсмоопасных зонах с целью высоко вероятностного прогноза возможных сейсмических событий; - Поиск полезных ископаемых на больших глубинах и на морских шельфах. - Увеличить площадь зондирования и обеспечить с высокой точностью крупномасштабное ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ ФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ПРОЦЕССОВ, ПРЕДШЕСТВУЮЩИХ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЮ

... 1. Устройство для регистрации физических параметров процессов, предшествующих сильному землетрясению, содержащее стеклянную трубу, снабженную узлом измерения, соединенным с блоком регистрации, отличающееся тем, что один конец трубы жестко герметично закреплен в полости фланцевой воротниковой заглушки, днище которой снабжено герметично закрывающимся загрузочным отверстием, другой конец трубы жестко герметично закреплен в одной из полостей двухсторонней фланцевой воротниковой заглушки, в днище которой вмонтирован рабочий орган узла измерения, включающий два патрубка с фланцами, один из которых установлен в выемке днища двухсторонней фланцевой воротниковой заглушки и соединен с полостью стеклянной трубы, внутри другого установлен шток с возможностью перемещения, соединенный с тензодатчиком перемещения штока, при этом между патрубками установлена мембрана из эластичного материала, фланец второго патрубка закреплен в выемке днища посредством пластины с выемкой под фланец резьбовым крепежом, ...

ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИЙ РАДИОЛОКАТОР

Изобретение относится к геофизике, в частности к устройствам геоэлектроразведки с использованием электромагнитных волн высокой частоты, и может быть использовано при разведке полезных ископаемых, а также для поиска инженерных коммуникаций и других скрытых неоднородностей. Технический результат: повышение надежности обнаружения и идентификации объектов путем автоматического определения глубины их расположения. Сущность: геофизический радиолокатор содержит блок 1 обработки и управления, интерфейс 2, передатчик 3, передающую антенну 4, первый смеситель 5 стробоскопического преобразователя, первый формирователь 6 строба, приемную антенну 7, приемник 8, второй формирователь 9 строба, второй смеситель 10 стробоскопического преобразователя, коррелятор 11, триггер 12, ключ 13, цифроаналоговый преобразователь 14, усилитель 15, аналого-цифровой преобразователь 16, звуковой индикатор 17, жидкокристаллический индикатор 18, линию 19 задержки, блок 20 вычитания, интегратор 21, блок 22 деления, блок 23 ...

ТРАССОИСКАТЕЛЬ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ КОММУНИКАЦИЙ

Изобретение относится к области контрольно-измерительной техники, а именно к устройствам, предназначенным для бесконтактного определения местоположения, глубины залегания и мест повреждения подземных и скрытых трубопроводящих коммуникаций, таких как кабели или трубопроводы. Технический результат: повышение помехоустойчивости и надежности измерений в условиях сильных помех естественного и искусственного происхождения. Сущность изобретения: генератор тональных импульсов содержит задающий каскад, манипулятор, буферный каскад, усилитель мощности, узел согласования с линией, измерительную схему и блок питания. Приемник трассоискателя содержит магнитную антенну, узкополосный перестраиваемый фильтр сосредоточенной селекции, выходной усилитель, акустический датчик, режекторный фильтр, широкополосный усилитель низкой частоты, фильтр низкой частоты, акустический индикатор, стрелочный индикатор, узел питания, индикатор разряда батарей питания, амплитудный детектор, линию задержки, блок вычитания, ...

Обнаружитель радиоуправляемых осколочных взрывных устройств

Полезная модель относится к области противодействия терроризму и может быть использована для безопасного выявления радиоуправляемых взрывных устройств. В состав обнаружителя радиоуправляемых осколочных взрывных устройств введён блок переключения и синхронизации. Блок переключения и синхронизации включает приемник комбинационных частот одновременно с двухчастотной РЛС и выключает в момент работы радиотралящего блока. Техническим результатом полезной модели является снижение количества помех от гармоник тралящих (имитирующих) сигналов в процессе обнаружения радиоуправляемых взрывных устройств с использованием «нелинейных» РЛС. 1 ил.

СПОСОБ РАДИОВОЛНОВОГО ПРОГНОЗА ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЯ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к геофизике и предназначено для прогноза в ДВ диапазоне радиоволн коровых землетрясений и локации областей сейсмоионосферных взаимодействий в сейсмоактивных регионах Земли, для которых характерны землетрясения с амплитудой М>4. Сущность изобретения: создают сеть радиотрасс, перекрывающих сейсмоопасную зону. Радиотрассы, неоднократно пересекаясь, образуют сетку ячеек с поперечными размерами, соизмеримыми с поперечными размерами для приоритетных районов зоны. Периодически излучают по заданному для каждой из М точек (М>1) формату кодированную пачку когерентных радиоимпульсов на несущей частоте в ДВ диапазоне радиоволн, фаза которой в каждом радиоимпульсе пачки изменяется в соответствии с предписанным кодом. Осуществляют в каждой из N точек приема (N>2), по каждой трассе, согласованной с соответствующим форматом, фильтрацию аддитивной смеси сигналов, переносимых поверхностной и пространственной волнами. Многократно измеряют задержки сигнала пространственной волны относительно ...

ВОЛНОВОЙ ОБНАРУЖИТЕЛЬ НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЕЙ

Волновой обнаружитель неоднородностей относится к системам неразрушающего контроля и может быть использован в различных радиотехнических устройствах, в том числе в системах радиолокации и ультразвуковых системах диагностики. Достигаемый технический результат - повышение помехоустойчивости обнаружения производится за счет использования резонансных свойств при широкополосном зондировании и синфазного возбуждения резонансного колебательного процесса в неоднородности. Волновой обнаружитель неоднородностей содержит генератор широкополосного сигнала (1), генератор радиоимпульсной последовательности (2), синтезатор радиоимпульсов (3), блок излучателей (4). Синтезатор (3) и блок излучателей (4) образуют многоканальную систему зондирования, состоящую из блока линий задержки (5-1, ..., 5-n), блока передающих излучателей (6-1, ..., 6-n). Приемная часть обнаружителя состоит из приемного излучателя с усилителем-ограничителем (7), адаптивного робастного фильтра (8), амплитудного детектора (9), блока ...

СПОСОБ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ МЕСТОНАХОЖДЕНИЯ ЗАСЫПАННЫХ БИООБЪЕКТОВ ИЛИ ИХ ОСТАНКОВ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области поисково-спасательных работ и может быть использовано для поиска засыпанных биообъектов и их останков в районах землетрясений, а также засыпанных, например, снежными лавинами или горными обвалами. Технический результат: повышение помехоустойчивости и точности определения местонахождения путем подавления ложных сигналов (помех), принимаемых по зеркальному и комбинационным каналам. Сущность: устройство содержит сканирующий блок и приемопередатчик. Сканирующий блок содержит задающий блок 1, усилитель 2 мощности, циркулятор 3, приемопередающую антенну 4, усилитель 5 высокой частоты, фазовый 6 детектор, компьютер 7, первый гетеродин 8, первый смеситель 9, усилитель 10 первой промежуточной частоты, второй смеситель 11, первый усилитель 12 второй промежуточной частоты, первый коррелятор 19, перемножитель 20, фильтр 21 нижних частот, экстремальный регулятор 22, блок 23 регулируемой задержки, индикатор 24 дальности, второй гетеродин 25, третий смеситель 26, второй ...

СПОСОБ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ МЕСТОНАХОЖДЕНИЯ ЗАСЫПАННЫХ БИООБЪЕКТОВ ИЛИ ИХ ОСТАНКОВ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области поисково-спасательных работ. Технический результат: повышение помехоустойчивости и точности определения расстояния до засыпанных биообъектов или их останков путем подавления ложных сигналов (помех), принимаемых по зеркальному и комбинационным каналам, и использования производной корреляционной функции. Сущность: устройство, реализующее предлагаемый способ, содержит сканирующий блок и приемопередатчик. Сканирующий блок содержит задающий генератор 1, усилитель 2 мощности, циркулятор 3, рупорную приемопередающую антенну 4, усилитель 5 высокой частоты, фазовый детектор 6, компьютер 7, гетеродин 8, первый смеситель 9, усилитель 10 первой промежуточной частоты, второй смеситель 11, первый усилитель 12 второй промежуточной частоты, коррелятор 19, первый перемножитель 20, фильтр 21 нижних частот, усилитель 22, блок 23 регулируемой задержки, индикатор 24 дальности, первый 25 и второй 28 фазовращатели на 90°, третий смеситель 26, второй усилитель 27 второй промежуточной ...

СПОСОБ ГЛУБИННОЙ ГЕОРАДИОЛОКАЦИИ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Группа изобретений относится к области глубинной георадиолокации и может быть использована для исследования подповерхностной структуры почвы и обнаружения объектов на глубинах до нескольких сотен метров. Сущность: устройство содержит передатчик (1) с передающей антенной (6), приемный блок (8) с приемной антенной (7) и блок (16) регистрации. Передатчик (1) включает источник (2) питания, таймер (3), преобразователь (4) напряжения, формирователь (5) зондирующих импульсов на газовом разряднике или твердотельном генераторе. Приемный блок (8) включает модуль (9) фильтра высоких частот, несимметричный делитель (10), линейный усилитель (11), первый модуль (12) синхронизации, аналого-цифровой преобразователь (13), второй модуль (14) синхронизации, программируемую логическую интегральную схему (15). Блок (16) регистрации включает карту (18) памяти и компьютер (17). Технический результат: увеличение глубины исследования. 2 н.п. ф-лы, 1 ил.

СПОСОБ, УСТРОЙСТВО И ДАТЧИК ДЛЯ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ ДЕФОРМИРУЕМЫХ ТВЕРДЫХ ТЕЛ, НАПРИМЕР ОБРАЗЦОВ ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД

Изобретение относится к геофизике горного дела и может быть использовано при электроразведочных работах и исследованиях электромагнитных полей, излучаемых горными породами при их разрушении, а также в горной промышленности для прогноза динамических проявлений в массиве горных пород при изменении его напряженно-деформированного состояния. Технический результат: повышение достоверности регистрируемой информации. Способ включает установку образца, например, горной породы между обкладками емкостного датчика, деформирование его путем силового воздействия на него, сопровождаемое формированием электромагнитного излучения трещин, образующихся в процессе деформирования образца, воздействие этим излучением, смешанным с электромагнитными помехами и шумами аппаратуры, на обкладки емкостного датчика с формированием на них переменных электрических потенциалов и регистрацию их. Сущность изобретения: диаграмму направленности емкостного датчика формируют из трех зон, используя в качестве емкостного датчика ...

СПОСОБ ПОИСКА ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫХ ПРЕДВЕСТНИКОВ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ

Изобретение относится к области геофизики и может быть применено для поиска электромагнитных предвестников землетрясений. Сущность изобретения заключается в оценке влияния аномалий электромагнитных полей, предшествующих землетрясениям, на распространение электромагнитных волн в полупроводниковом образце n-типа, размещаемого в сейсморазломе. 1 ил.

СПОСОБ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ МИН В ПОЧВЕ

Использование: для надежного обнаружения мин под поверхностью почвы малогабаритной аппаратурой. Сущность изобретения: облучают поверхность почвы энергией СВЧ и контролируют прирост температуры, получающийся в результате нагрева почвы, разный на участках, где имеется мина в почве и где ее нет. Сопоставляя контуры прироста температуры с характерными размерами мины, судят с ее наличии в почве.

СПОСОБ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕДКИ

Использование: для определения параметров геоэлектрических слоев, слагающих осадочный разрез. Сущность изобретения: неустановившееся электромагнитное поле возбуждается незаземленной петлей или заземленной на концах линией АВ конечной длины, в каждом пункте наблюдений, которые располагают на произвольных расстояниях от центра источника, одновременно регистрируют становление производных по времени от радиальной и вертикальной составляющих магнитной индукции и для каждого конкретного значения времени становления находят отношения , по совокупности которых определяют параметры слоев геоэлектрического разреза.

СПОСОБ МОНИТОРИНГА И ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ РАЗРЫВНЫХ НАРУШЕНИЙ В ВЕРХНЕЙ ЧАСТИ ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗРЕЗА

Изобретение относится к области геофизики и может быть использовано при электромагнитном зондировании верхней части геологического разреза. Согласно заявленному способу измеряют взаимно ортогональные горизонтальные магнитные и электрические компоненты Нх, Ну, Ех, Еу напряженности естественного электромагнитного поля Земли. Вычисляют в устройстве обработки величины импедансов Z1=Ex/Hy и Z2=Ey/Hx. По величинам импедансов определяют изменения во времени электрических сопротивлений ρк1(Z1,t) и ρк2(Z2,t), по резким скачкам которых, более чем в 5 раз превышающим ранее измеренные фоновые данные ρф1(Z1,t), ρф2(Z2,t), судят о готовящейся фазе разрывных нарушений в верхней части геологического разреза ВЧР в течение времени t от 1 до 15 суток. Технический результат: повышение точности и информативности получаемых геофизических данных. 2 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил.

МИНОИСКАТЕЛЬ

Изобретение относится к устройствам, предназначенным для обнаружения инородных образований в почве, а конкретно мин, в частности противопехотных. Технический результат: повышение помехоустойчивости, чувствительности и надежности обнаружения в почве мин, в том числе и неметаллических, например пластиковых, в условиях сильных помех естественного и искусственного происхождения. Сущность изобретения: миноискатель содержит блок питания, передающий блок, передающую антенну, приемные антенны, приемный блок, тепловизор, амплитудный детектор, измеритель температуры, два блока обработки, каждый из которых состоит из последовательно включенных линии задержки, блока вычитания, блока интегрирования, блока деления, блока сравнения, ключа и стрелочного индикатора. 1 табл., 1 ил.

СПОСОБ СНЯТИЯ УПРУГИХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ В ЗЕМНОЙ КОРЕ ДЛЯ ПРЕДОТВРАЩЕНИЯ КАТАСТРОФИЧЕСКИХ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ

Изобретение относится к области обеспечения сейсмологической безопасности и может быть использовано для снятия упругих напряжений в земной коре. Сущность: разбивают исследуемую территорию на ячейки. Определяют в каждой ячейке скорость сейсмотектонических деформаций, характеризующую фоновое значение. Определяют среднюю фоновую скорость сейсмотектонических деформаций по всем ячейкам. Устанавливают на исследуемой территории, по меньшей мере, один излучатель электромагнитных импульсов. Облучают земную кору электромагнитными импульсами. Определяют скорость сейсмотектонических деформаций в каждой ячейке во время облучения и отношение этой скорости к соответствующему для данной ячейки фоновому значению. Определяют среднее значение соотношения скоростей по всем ячейкам. Выявляют зоны повышенной концентрации упругих напряжений по отношению скоростей, превышающих среднее значение. Дополнительно облучают выделенные зоны электромагнитными импульсами и определяют скорости сейсмотектонических деформаций ...

СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ВОЛНОВОГО ПОЛЯ

... 1. Способ определения характера пластов под дном моря, предусматривающий приложение электромагнитного (ЭМ) волнового поля к пластам и обнаружение отклика ЭМ волнового поля, отличающийся тем, что включает в себя этап, на котором обрабатывают это волновое поле, разделяя волновое поле с получением идущих вверх и идущих вниз компонент, после чего анализируют идущую вверх компоненту и исходя из этого делают вывод о характере пластов. 2. Способ по п.1, характеризующийся тем, что приложение ЭМ поля осуществляют посредством передатчика, находящегося на морском дне или около него. 3. Способ по п.1, характеризующийся тем, что ЭМ волновое поле передают на частоте между 0,01 и 20 Гц. 4. Способ по п.1, характеризующийся тем, что ЭМ волновое поле передают на частоте между 1S и 50S, где S - толщина донных наносов над рассматриваемыми пластами. 5. Способ по п.1, характеризующийся тем, что передатчик выполнен в виде симметричной вибраторной антенны. 6. Способ по п.1, характеризующийся тем, что отклик волнового ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КОНТРОЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВА ПЕРЕДЭСКАЛАТОРОМ И ДВИЖУЩИМСЯ ТРОТУАРОМ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ВЫСОКОЧАСТОТНЫХ ДАТЧИКОВ

... 1. Устройство для контролирования пространства перед эскалаторами (1) и движущимися тротуарами, при этом перед вступлением на ступени (2) эскалатора или на ленту движущегося тротуара включается привод, отличающееся тем, что в зоне поворота (10) поручней установлен, по меньшей мере, один датчик (12), при этом датчик установлен с возможностью контролировать зону входа эскалатора или движущегося тротуара, в частности, входной плиты (14), при этом датчик (12) является чувствительным к электромагнитным волнам с длиной волны более 100 мкм, и расположен внутри цоколя эскалатора (1). 2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что датчик полностью закрыт и/или не виден для пользователя эскалатора. 3. Устройство по п.2, отличающееся тем, что датчик выполнен в виде высокочастотного датчика и реагирует на отражение высокочастотных волн соответственно высокочастотных сигналов. 4. Устройство по п.3, отличающееся тем, что датчик является чувствительным к электромагнитным волнам с длиной волны между 1 и 100 ...

СПОСОБ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕДКИ ДНА ВОДОЕМОВ

Способ относится к геологоразведке и может быть использован в геологии, а также для экологической оценки дна водоемов, в частности для обнаружения металлических конструкций, древесины и т.д. на дне водоемов, которые отрицательно влияют на экологическое состояние воды. Изобретение позволяет сократить время и трудозатраты на разведку, а также повысить качественную характеристику обнаруженного объекта. Для этого используется четырехэлектродная система, в которой на два крайних токовых электрода подаются непрерывные высокочастотно-модулированные сигналы, а с двух внутренних приемных электродов снимаются непрерывные сигналы, и по изменению частоты, амплитуды и кривой принятых сигналов в сравнении с передающими сигналами и с учетом расстояния между электродами судят об исследуемом объекте, обнаруженном между приемными электродами.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫХ ДАННЫХ

... 1. Способ определения диаграммы направленности излучения источник, от, по меньшей мере, одного источника электромагнитного излучения, включающий следующие этапы: измерение электрического и магнитного полей, создаваемых указанным, по меньшей мере, одним источником на, по меньшей мере, одном детекторе; составление поверхностного интеграла по измеренным данным, взвешенным с использованием функции Грина и ее пространственных производных; и вычисление поверхностного интеграла в, по меньшей мере, одном пункте для определения диаграммы направленности излучения источника в указанном пункте от указанного, по меньшей мере, одного источника. 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что поверхностный интеграл получают с использованием векторной теоремы Грина для двух неидентичных состояний. 3. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что первое состояние является реальным физическим состоянием, а второе состояние - идеализированным состоянием. 4. Способ по п.3, отличающийся тем, что реальное физическое состояние ...

СПОСОБ ПОИСКА ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫХ ПРЕДВЕСТНИКОВ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЯ

Способ поиска электромагнитных предвестников землетрясений, заключающийся в оценке влияния аномалий электромагнитных полей, предшествующих разрушительной стадии землетрясения, на распространение электромагнитных волн в среде, отличающийся тем, что для повышения достоверности прогноза землетрясений, обеспечения возможности управления процессом поиска, упрощения аппаратуры и снижения ее себестоимости, вместо волновода Земля-ионосфера применяются однородные полупроводниковые образцы типа n-типа, размещаемые вблизи сейсморазломов, свойства распространения электромагнитных волн в которых используются при прогнозе.

ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИЙ РАДИОЛОКАТОР

Геофизический радиолокатор, содержащий последовательно включенные блок обработки и управления, интерфейс, передатчик, в качестве которого использован генератор ударного возбуждения и ко второму выходу которого подключена передающая антенна, первый смеситель стробоскопического преобразования, второй вход которого через первый формирователь строба соединен с вторым выходом интерфейса, и триггер, последовательно включенные приемную антенну, второй смеситель стробоскопического преобразователя, второй вход которого через второй формирователь строба соединен с третьим выходом интерфейса, первую линию задержки, триггер, ключ, второй вход которого соединен с выходом второго смесителя, и усилитель, второй вход которого через цифроаналоговый преобразователь соединен с четвертым выходом интерфейса, к пятому, шестому и седьмому выходам которого подключены блок обработки и управления, звуковой и жидкокристаллический индикатор соответственно, а ко второму входу подсоединен аналого-цифровой преобразователь ...

СПОСОБ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫХ ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ПОДВОДНЫХ ПЛАСТОВ ПОРОД

... 1. Способ электромагнитных геофизических исследований пластов (1) пород ниже морского дна (3), ! отличающийся следующими этапами, на которых: ! буксируют излучающие первое и второе переменные поля (Е1, Е2) источники (s1, s2) на первой и второй глубинах (d1, d2), при этом указанное первое поле (Е1) имеет первую фазу (ϕ1); ! указанному второму переменному полю (Е2) придают вторую фазу (ϕ2), отличающуюся от указанной первой фазы (ϕ1), при этом указанные источники (s1, s2) образуют излучающую фазированную антенную решетку с направленностью для излучения основной пропорциональной части объединенной электромагнитной энергии вниз и для излучения значительно меньшей пропорциональной части энергии вверх; ! при этом указанные первое и второе поля (Е1, Е2) распространяются частично вниз через морское дно (3) и отражаются и/или преломляются на указанных пластах (1) пород, и частично отражаются обратно через морское дно (3); ! указанные первое и второе поля (Е1, Е2) объединяют в суммарное поле и измеряют ...

ВИБРАТОРНАЯ АНТЕННА

Использование: в радиотехнике, в том числе для излучения и приема электромагнитных волн в геофизических радиолокаторах. Сущность изобретения: антенна содержит вибратор, слой диэлектрика, экран, опорный элемент и возбуждающее устройство. Экран имеет размеры, превышающие размеры антенного вибратора. Улучшение согласования антенны с фидерным трактом обеспечивается за счет того, что концы экрана загнуты в сторону антенного вибратора и расположены у его концов. 3 ил.

Способ повышения точности измерения глубины положения электронного зонда под землей для локационной системы ГНБ

Изобретение относится к контролю глубины положения электронного зонда в головке бурового инструмента при горизонтально направленном бурении в процессе бурения под землей. Технический результат: повышение точности определения положения электронного зонда буровой головки при наличии пассивных помех. Сущность: снимают показания (D1) глубины нахождения электронного зонда по дисплею локатора-приемника на уровне земной поверхности (положение L1). Затем осуществляют подъем локатора-приемника на величину не менее полуметра относительно земной поверхности (положение L2) и снимают показание (D2) глубины нахождения электронного зонда по дисплею локатора-приемника на новом уровне (положение L2). Вводят третью точку проведения измерений и производят снятие показаний (D3) глубины нахождения электронного зонда. Вычисляют глубины L1’(м) и L1'' положения электронного зонда под землей с помощью метода подобия треугольников, основываясь на значениях показаний D1 и D2, а также D2 и D3 соответственно. Сравнивают ...

Способ функционирования системы импульсно-доплеровских бортовых радиолокационных станций при групповых действиях истребителей

Изобретение относится к области радиолокации и может быть использовано для обеспечения энергетической скрытности работы на излучение импульсно-доплеровских бортовых радиолокационных станций (БРЛС) истребителей при их групповых действиях и обнаружении группы самолетов противника, оснащенных станциями радиотехнической разведки (РТР). Достигаемый технический результат - обеспечение энергетической скрытности работы на излучение импульсно-доплеровских БРЛС всех истребителей группы с заданной вероятностью при обнаружении самолетов противника, оснащенных станциями РТР. Способ функционирования системы импульсно-доплеровских БРЛС при групповых действиях истребителей заключается в том, что в каждой i-й импульсно-доплеровской БРЛС i-го истребителя группы формируется высокочастотная последовательность зондирующих импульсов, осуществляется их усиление по мощности, излучение в направлении группы из М самолетов противника, каждый из которых оснащен станцией РТР, прием, усиление, преобразование отраженных ...

Способ определения величины и направления деформации наружной составляющей бугров пучения вечной мерзлоты

Изобретение относится к области геодезического пространственного мониторинга инженерных сооружений и природных объектов и может быть использовано как для наблюдений за осадками и деформациями инженерных сооружений, так и природных объектов (бугров, провалов, холмов, склонов, оползней и т.п.). Заявлен способ определения величины и направления деформации наружной составляющей бугров пучения вечной мерзлоты, включающий создание планово-высотного обоснования, закрепление точек по периметру бугра пучения, выполнение геодезических измерений. Согласно изобретению вышеупомянутые точки по периметру бугра пучения располагают и закрепляют строго по сторонам света север, запад, юг, восток, выполняют бурение скважин, расположенных на вершине бугра пучения, подошве бугра пучения. По закрепленным точкам определяют георадаром примерную границу подземной составляющей бугра пучения, бурение выполняют до определения точных границ подземной составляющей бугра пучения. Выполняют определение координат X, Y, ...

Способ определения взаимного расположения объектов, расположенных в горных выработках (скважинах)

Изобретение относится к геофизическим исследованиям и может быть использовано для определения взаимного расположения объектов, расположенных в горных выработках (скважинах), с помощью источника электромагнитного поля. Технический результат - повышение эффективности проведения работ с одновременным уменьшением общего времени проведения работ. Сущность: способ определения взаимного расположения направленной антенной системы и приемника в горных выработках или скважинах основан на регистрации электромагнитных волн, излучаемых направленной антенной системой из одной горной выработки или скважины, приемником, расположенным в другой горной выработке или скважине. При этом используют направленную антенную систему непрерывного излучения со ступенчатым изменением частоты электромагнитного излучения и перестраивают частоту антенной системы на ту частоту, которая обеспечивает наибольшую напряженность электромагнитного поля в горной выработке или скважине, в которой расположен приемник. В приемнике ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕДКИ

Устройство для геоэлектроразведки, содержащее передающий и приемный блоки, при этом передающий блок содержит последовательно включенные генератор тактовых импульсов, генератор пилообразного напряжения, управляемый генератор с перестраиваемой частотой, амплитудный модулятор, второй вход которого соединен с вторым выходом генератора тактовых импульсов, перестраиваемый по частоте усилитель мощности, второй вход которого соединен с вторым выходом генератора пилообразного напряжения, и излучающую антенну, приемный блок содержит фазометр, последовательно включенные приемную антенну, переселектор, первый смеситель, второй вход которого соединен с первым выходом гетеродина, первый усилитель промежуточной частоты, избирательный усилитель и измеритель амплитуды, последовательно включенные второй смеситель, второй вход которого соединен с вторым выходом гетеродина, и второй усилитель промежуточной частоты, отличающееся тем, что в него введены три узкополосных фильтра, фазоинвертор, два сумматора, ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КАРТОГРАФИРОВАНИЯ ПОДВОДНЫХ РЕЗЕРВУАРОВ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ЭФФЕКТА ВЫЗВАННОЙ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦИИ

... 1. Способ электромагнитной разведки, основанный на детектировании эффекта вызванной поляризации и оценивании его характеристик для целей картирования морских углеводородосодержащих объектов, отличающийся тем, что включает: ! a) установку вертикально в слое (8) воды, по меньшей мере, одного электрического провода (2, 3, 3'), который образует электромагнитный передатчик, испускающий электромагнитную энергию, способную возбудить электромагнитное поле в слое (8) воды и в нижележащей среде (83), и который служит в качестве приемника для измерений вертикальной компоненты электрического поля; ! b) получение данных разведки в виде пространственного распределения вертикальной компоненты электрического поля и отклика среды в виде кажущегося удельного сопротивления в слое (8) воды как временной функции; ! c) проведение пространственно-временного анализа вертикальной компоненты электрического поля и указанного отклика, с целью детектирования эффекта вызванной поляризации и определения его интенсивности ...

ДАТЧИК ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ПОЛЯ ДЛЯ РАБОТЫ В МОРСКОЙ СРЕДЕ

... 1. Датчик (S) электрического поля для работы в морской среде, отличающийся тем, что содержит ! средство (5) передачи сигнала для передачи измеренных датчиком сигналов от датчика (S) в блок (6) обработки сигналов; ! по меньшей мере, два закрытых контейнера (1, 2), каждый из которых выполнен из неэлектропроводного материала и заполнен электролитом (Е), и в каждом из которых заключен, по меньшей мере, один электрод (3, 4); и ! по меньшей мере, две гибкие трубки (7, 8), сформированные из неэлектропроводного материала, причем к каждому контейнеру (1, 2) подведен, с возможностью поступления по нему в контейнер текучей среды, по меньшей мере, первый конец (7а, 8а) одной трубки, тогда как второй конец (7b, 8b) трубки открыт и связан со средством (9а, 9b) его точного позиционирования; при этом ! трубки (7, 8) установлены с возможностью заполнения их средой (W) того же типа, на погружение в которую в рабочем состоянии рассчитан датчик (S); а ! два контейнера (1, 2), образующие совместно используемую ...

СПОСОБ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОГО ПРОФИЛЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ОЗОНА В АТМОСФЕРЕ

Изобретение относится к дистанционным радиофизическим способам определения основной характеристики озонового слоя Земли, а именно - распределения концентрации молекул озона по высоте над земной поверхностью в глобальном масштабе. Целью изобретения является определение вертикального профиля концентрации молекул озона на высотах 5 - 60 км. Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в известном способе дистанционных исследований атмосфер планет излучают сигнал на одной из частот резонансного поглощения озона, измеряют оптическую глубину трассы τ на этой частоте, обусловленную поглощением в озоне, и находят вертикальный профиль концентрации озона N на основе интегрального преобразования Абеля с учетом вертикальных профилей температуры и давления атмосферы, известных по стандартным атмосферным моделям, по формуле: где R - радиус Земли; p - прицельное расстояние; r - расстояние от земной поверхности; h - постоянная Планка; νlm - частота резонансного перехода молекулы озона; El и Em - энергетические ...

СПОСОБ ПРЕДСКАЗАНИЯ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ

Способ предсказания эемлетрясений, включающий геперировамне высокочастотных колебаний, зондирования ионосферы электрмагнитными волнами, прием отраженных от ионосферы сигналов и их обработку, отличающуюся тем, что сканируют область ионосферы над контролируемых участком поверхности Земли лучом диаграммы направленности антенны, используют совмещенный тракт приема-передачи на основе СВЧ-автогенератора в режиме автомодуляции генерируемых колебаний отраженным сигналом на длине волны большей Дебаевского радиуса экранирования в плазме, осуществляют выделение модулирующей функции путем частотного детектирования сигнала автогенератора и ее дискретизацию по амплитуде и времени, формируют кадр М(x,y) цифровых отсчетов модулирующей функции (М) от пространенственных координат (x,y) для каждого цикла сканирования, вычисляют энергетический спектр и автокорреляционную функцию сигнала предвестника и по параметрам сигнала, их изменению от кадра к кадру и времени существования судят об магнитуде и времени ...

ПОДПОВЕРХНОСТНЫЙ ЛОКАТОР

Подповерхностный локатор, состоящий из высокочастотного генератора с перестраиваемой частотой, приемника высокочастотного сигнала, приемной и передающей рупорных антенн, отличающийся тем, что приемная и передающая рупорные антенны снабжены системой ввода координат диагностируемой поверхности, при этом передающая и приемная антенны совмещены в одном рупоре круглого сечения, в котором размещен передающий и два приемных электрода, причем передающий электрод размещен по радиусу рупора, один приемный электрод размещен перпендикулярно передающему, второй приемный электрод размещен напротив передающего электрода так, что они находятся на одной линии проходящей через диаметр рупора, а перестройка частоты высокочастотного генератора осуществляется в диапазоне до двадцати пяти процентов.

СПОСОБ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕДКИ

Способ геоэлектроразведки, заключающийся в возбуждении нестационарного электромагнитного поля путем выключения тока Iо в генераторно-приемном контуре, определении максимальной амплитуды U и полярности ЭДС самоиндукции контура, подаче в промежуток времени от t1 до t2 на генераторно-приемный контур напряжения E1 с полярностью, противоположной ЭДС самоиндукции контура, измерении ЭДС неустановившегося электромагнитного поля с задержкой Δt начала отсчета относительно момента времени t0 - начала выключения тока, по которой определяют геоэлектрические характеристики изучаемого разреза, отличающийся тем, что на генераторно-приемный контур в промежуток времени от t0 до t1 подают напряжение E2 с полярностью, противоположной ЭДС источника, создающего ток Iо, подбирают моменты времени t1 и t2, добиваясь отсутствия в регистрируемом сигнале собственных колебательных процессов генераторно-приемного контура, а величину определяют значение t2, напряжения E2 и величину задержки Δt начала отсчета определяют ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ПОДСТИЛАЮЩЕЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ

Устройство для радиолокационного зондирования подстилающей поверхности содержит передатчик, состоящий из последовательно соединенных высоковольтного источника питания, накопительного конденсатора, разрядника и передающей антенны, а также приемник, включающий последовательно соединенные приемную антенну, аттенюатор, усилитель-ограничитель, блок сравнения, блок памяти, блок синхронизации, пульт управления и блок управления, при этом вход блока синхронизации соединен с выходом усилителя-ограничителя, а выход - со вторым входом блока сравнения, первый выход блока управления - со вторым входом блока памяти, а второй выход блока управления - с третьим входом блока сравнения, вход блока управления - с первым выходом пульта управления, второй выход которого подключен ко второму входу блока синхронизации, отличающееся тем, что выход блока памяти соединен с входом микропроцессора, реализующего алгоритм первичной обработки, выход которого соединен с входом двумерного цветного индикатора.

СПОСОБ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ПУСТОТ В ГРУНТЕ ПОД БЕТОННЫМИ ПЛИТАМИ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ГЕОРАДИОЛОКАТОРА

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПРЕДВЕСТНИКОВ ЗЕМЛЯТРЯСЕНИЯ И СИСТЕМА ЕГО РЕАЛИЗУЮЩАЯ

... 1. Способ определения предвестников землетрясения состоящий в том, что передающее устройство излучает сверхдлинноволновой сигнал, а приемные устройства его принимают, отличающийся тем, что два или более приемных устройств и передающее устройство находятся на одной линии, и при этом зоной землетрясения является зона между двумя приемными устройствами, расположенными на одной линии с передающими устройствами, если дальнее от передающего устройства приемное устройство зафиксировало изменение амплитуды и/или фазы сигнала передаваемого передающим устройством и вызванных изменениями концентрации радона и/или изменением электромагнитных полей, и при этом более ближние приемные устройства этих изменений не зафиксировали. ! 2. Система для определения предвестников землетрясения, содержащая как минимум одно сверхдлинноволновое передающего устройства, каждое из которых состоит из последовательно соединенных генератора, усилителя мощности и передающей антенны, и, как минимум два приемных устройства ...

ВИБРАТОРНАЯ АНТЕННА

Использование: в радиотехнике, для излучения и приема электромагнитных волн вблизи поверхности раздела "атмосфера - материальная среда". Сущность изобретения: вибраторная антенна содержит вибратор, размещенный на слое диэлектрика. Расстояние между полупроводящим экраном и вибратором выбирают равным 0,05 - 0,15 от геометрической длины вибратора. При поверхностном сопротивлении экрана в 20 - 100 Ом обеспечивается уменьшение паразитного излучения в атмосферу. 5 ил.

Способ наведения забоя одной скважины на ствол другой скважины

Изобретение относится к геофизике, а более конкретно - к способам обеспечения направленного бурения скважин, и предназначено для использования при ликвидации аварийного фонтанирования скважин на нефтяных и газовых месторождениях путем наклонно направленного бурения Цель изобретения - повышение точности - достигается тем, что В околосхважинном пространстве создают электромагнитное поле в радиоволновом диапазоне СВ и КВ. В ряде точек наводимой скважины принимают осевую компоненту Е электрического поля в качестве опорного сигнала, а также осевую компоненту Н магнитного поля. Находят по знаку произведения Н Е направление коррекции наводимой скважины. Устойчивость осевой магнитной компоненты к помехам, постоянство знака произведения Н «Е обеспечивает повышение точности ос ос наведения в широком диапазоне магнитных свойств труб искомой скважины при большом удельном электрическом сопротивлении горных пород окружающих скважины.

УСТРОЙСТВО ЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕДКИ ФАЗОВЫМ МЕТОДОМ

Устройство электроразведки фазовым методом, содержащее ортогональные индукционные преобразователи, три усилителя по каналам различных составляющих, два формирователя импульсов по нулевым переходам по каналам горизонтальных составляющих, два ключа, два усилителя-выпрямителя и два блока интегрирования в канале определения вектора поля в пространстве, нуль-орган и пороговое устройство в канале измерения вертикальной составляющей, схему ИЛИ, схему ИЛИ-НЕ, три формирователя импульсов и схему НЕ в цепи управления, триггер синхронизации, триггер запрета разряда интеграторов, два разрешающих триггера, формирователь временных интервалов, два измерителя фазовых сдвигов, определитель положения вектора поля, определитель квадрантов и цифровое отсчетное устройство, причем выходы индукционных преобразователей соединены с входами усилителей каналов различных составляющих, а выходы индукционных преобразователей горизонтальных составляющих соединены с входами ключей в канале определения положения вектора ...

СИСТЕМЫ И СПОСОБЫ ОЦЕНКИ ВЛАЖНОСТИ ПОЧВЫ

... 1. Способ оценивания влажности приповерхностного слоя почвы, включающий: ! измерение сигналов от вертикально поляризованной электромагнитной волны, распространяющейся как поверхностная волна между двумя или более местоположениями приемных элементов, разнесенных друг от друга по меньшей мере на один километр; ! определение переходной характеристики, пропорциональной средней электрической проводимости между парами местоположений; и ! определение оцененной влажности почвы в одной или более областях, полученной из анализа найденной электрической проводимости между парами местоположений и заранее заданного регионального соотношения между электрической проводимостью и влажностью почвы. ! 2. Способ по п.1, в котором измерение сигналов от электромагнитной волны включает измерение сигналов, создаваемых вертикально поляризованным компонентом поля излучения электромагнитной волны. !3. Способ по п.1, в котором электромагнитная волна создается разрядом молнии облако-земля. ! 4. Способ по п.3, в котором ...

ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИЙ РАДИОЛОКАТОР

Геофизический радиолокатор, содержащий линию задержки, последовательно включенные передатчик и передающую антенну, последовательно включенные приемную антенну и приемник, отличающийся тем, что он снабжен двумя формирователями строба, двумя смесителями стробоскопических преобразователей, триггером, ключом, усилителем, цифроаналоговым преобразователем, аналого-цифровым преобразователем, интерфейсом, спецвычислителем, звуковым и жидкокристаллическим индикаторами, причем в качестве передатчика использован генератор ударного возбуждения, вход управления которого через интерфейс соединен с выходом спецвычислителя, а к опорному выходу последовательно подключен первый смеситель стробоскопического преобразователя, второй вход которого через первый формирователь строба соединен с вторым выходом интерфейса, и триггер, приемник состоит из последовательно подключенных к выходу приемной антенны второго смесителя стробоскопического преобразователя, второй вход которого через второй формирователь строба ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫСОКОЧАСТОТНОЙ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕДКИ

... 1. Устройство для высокочастотной геоэлектроразведки, содержащее передающий и приемный блоки, причем передающий блок включает последовательно соединенные генератор тактовых импульсов, генератор видеоимпульсов и передающую антенну, а приемный блок, соединенный управляющим входом с управляющим выходом передающего блока, включает генератор пилообразного напряжения, схему сравнения и формирователь строб-импульсов, соединенные в последовательную цепь, причем вход генератора пилообразного напряжения является управляющим входом приемного блока, приемную антенну и стробоскопический смеситель, первый и второй входы которого соединены соответственно с приемной антенной и первым выходом формирователя строб-импульсов, отличающееся тем, что в него введена бортовая ЭВМ, соединение передающего и приемного блоков осуществлено с помощью волоконно-оптической линии связи, подключенной к выходу генератора тактовых импульсов, передающий блок содержит блок управления, вход которого соединен с первым выходом ...

Устройство для поиска неоднородностей, включая нефтезагрязнения в верхней части геологического разреза

Способ определения излучательной способности природных объектов

Изобретение относится к способам дистанционного зондирования земли и может быть использовано в метеорологии, океанологии, геофизике, геодезии, исследовании природных ресурсов для определения излучательной способности природных объектов. Целью изобретения является повышение точности определения излучательной способности ε при обеспечении одновременного увеличения точности определения температуры природного объекта Т. В качестве зондирующего излучения используются не менее чем два спектральных диапазона, принадлежащих конкретной линии излучения молекулярных газов атмосферы. Необходимым условием осуществления способа является различие в значениях интенсивности излучения атмосферы в этих спектральных диапазонах. В результате измерений излучения атмосферы и природного объекта с учетом *36ЕТ = CONST в пределах рассматриваемой молекулярной линии получается система двух уравнений: Тя(V1) = *36ЕТ + [1 - ε]Т(V2)Tя(V2) = *36ЕТ + [1 - ε]Т(V2), решение которой позволяет определить ε и Т.

Устройство для исследования обсадных колонн в скважине

Способ радиолокационного исследования растительных покровов

Изобретение относится к области радиолокационных и геофизических исследований земных покровов и направлено на изучение природных объектов в СВЧ-диапазоне, Оно может быть использовано в ландшафтоведении при изучении природно-территориальных комплексов, в лесном и сельском хозяйстве , а также при геологическом, геомо1)фологическом, геоботаническом и почвенном картировании о Целью изобретения является повьшение достоверности , информативности и сокращение трудоемких натурных исследований при радиолокационном исследовании земных покровов. Характеристики радиолокационного сигнала, полученные с помощью локатора или радиометра СВЧ-диапазона, установленного на летательном аппарате, например самолете , сопоставляют с характеристиками той части объекта, которая непосредственно ответственна за формирование радиосигнала радиоформирующего объема . Под радиоформирующим объемом автор понимает объем, принимающий непосредственное участие в продуцировании выходящего во внешнюю среду радиосигнала . Для растительных ...

ПРИБОР ДЛЯ ГОРНОЙ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЙ РАЗВЕДКИ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫХ ВОЛН

Устройство для электроразведки

Устройство электроразведки, реализующее фазовый метод, может быть применено для поиска рудных месторождений и для определения индукционных и поляризационных свойств земной коры при различных геофизических исследованиях . С целью повышения достоверности результатов измерения в устройство , содержащее ортогональные индукционные преобразователи, усилители , нуль-органы, пороговое устройство , разрешающий триггер, формирователь временных интервалов, измерители фазовых сдвигов, цифровое от- счетное устройство, определитель положения вектора суммарного поля, . введены два ключа, триггер, формирователь импульса, две схемы -ИЛИ, что дает возможность сравнивать результаты измерений, полученные в различных точках планшета, учитывая пространственное расположение векторов поля. 4 ил. (Л 1чЭ 1чЭ СО sj о -vl ...

Амплитудно-фазовый измеритель для геоэлектроразведки

Амплитудно-фазовый измеритель относится к геоэлектроразведочной .технике и предназначен для измерения компонент вертикального магнитного поля, амплитуд горизонтальных полей, а также электрического сопротивления горных пород и его фазы при электроразведке по методу радио- кип. С целью расширения количества измеряемых параметров и повышения помехозащищенности устройства измеритель содержит две взаимно-ортого- нальные магнитные антенны, одну горизонтальную электрическую антенну с соответствующими им предварительными усилителями, подключаемые к двум измерительным каналам, комму- тации, схему отношенир, фазочувст- вительный детектор, фазовращатель 90 и ограничитель, каждьйизмери- тельньш канал состоит из последовательно соединенных аттенюаторов, резонансного усилителя рабочей частоты , амплитудно.го детектора и стрелочного индикатора. 1 ил. с (Л ю со ет 4; о ел ...

Способ возбуждения упругих волн в массиве горных пород

... 1. СПОСОБ ВОЗВУВДЕНИЯ УПРУГИХ ВОЛН В МАССИВЕ ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД, включающий создание в локальной области массива горных пород механических напряжений, отличающийся тем, что, с целью повьшения стабильности возбуждения и управления характеристиками возбуждаемых упругих волн, в локальной области создают электропроводящую область с проводимостью не менее 2-10 (Ом..м)и воздействуют на нее импульсным квазистационарным .. магнитным полем, а управление характеристиками возбуждаемых упругих волн производят путем регулирований величины и длительности импульса напряженности возбуждающего магнитного поля. 2.Способ по п. 1, о т л и ч а ю щ и и с я тем, что электропроводящую область создают путем образования полости, в которой закреп- ляют металлическую пластину толщиной 10 - 50 мм. 3.Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что электропроводящую область создают путем образования полости, в которую помещаS ют короткозамкнутую электропроводящую катушку, плоскость витков кото (Л рой параллельна локальной области массива ...

Способ геоэлектроразведки

I. СПОСОБ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЁДКИ , при котором возбуждают мйогочастотный зондирующий сигнал, измеHfooT его частоту, принимают вторичный сигнал и измеряют его фазу, по величиие 1соторой судят о свойствах геологических тел и вмещающих пород, о тли ч ающий с я тем, что, с целью повышения информативности зондирующий сигнал возбуждают формированием последовательности радио .импульсов с заданным периодом. Длительностью и формой модулирующего импульса, изменяют частоту несущей от радиоимпульса к радиоимпульсу последовательности по заданному закону , принимают вторичную последовательность радиоимпульсов, определяют величину разности фаз по отношению к зондирующему сигналу, функцию зависимости величины разности фаз от номера радиоимпульса и ее корреляционные характеристики, по которым судят о свойствах геологических тел и вмещающих пород. 2.Способ по п. 1, о т л и чающийся тем, что частоту несущей от радиоимпульса к радиоимпульсу изменяют по линейному закону в диапазоне 0,1-10 МГц. 3.Способ по п. 1, ...

Радиоволновый способ геофизической разведки

Устройство для измерения параметров электромагнитного поля

Устройство для осуществления способа многочастотного глубинного электромагнитного зондирования

Устройство для обнаружения границ уголь-порода

Способ геоэлектроразведки

Возвратный методондометрической горной разведки

Датчик электрического поля

Интерферометрическое устройство для выявления контактов горных пород в массиве

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING HERALDS OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY

Измерительное устройство для геоэлектроразведки

Устройство относится к области геоэлектроразведки и может быть использовано для исследования горизонтально-слоистых структур земной коры. Целью изобретения является повьше- ние эффективности работы. В устройство введены датчик и схема оценки электромагнитной обстановки.При определении благоприятной помёховой обстановки вырабатывается сигнал разрешения на вьщачу зондирующего сиг-. нала. 5 ил. &Э САЭ О СП СО 00 ...

Способ геоэлектроразведки

... 1. СПОСОБ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕД КЙ, заключающийся в возбуждении о N Фиг.1 электромагнитного поля в течение; времени Т в виде последовательности, идентичных импульсов, модулированных сигналом в виде прямоугольной функции заданной частоты, и в корреляционном приеме сигнала в течение времени Т, отличающийся тем, что, с целью повышения эффективности способа за счет повышения его помехоустойчивости, возбуждают одновременно по .меньшей мере две по следовательности сигналов, состоящие из идентичных импульсов, модулированных прямоугольными сигнала-, ми различной частоты соответственно, а принимаемый сигнал коррелируют одновременно с каждой яз U возбуж|Даемых последовательностей, при этом корреляцию осуществляют в базисе функций Уолша, а откоррелированные сигналы выпрямляют путем умножения на знаковую функцию соответствуквдего сигнала, перемножают и суммируют . 2. Способ по п. 1, о т л и ч а ющ и и с я тем, что в качестве модулирующих сигналов выбирают функции Уолша.

Способ обнаружения механических напряжений горных пород

Использование: контроль напряженного состояния массива горных пород. Сущность: для контроля напряженного состояния используется радиоволновое просвечивание с расположением источника и приемника в скважине в низкопроводящем пласте, заключенном между высокопроводящими пластами такими, что выполняются условия волноводного распространения , о изменении напряженного состояния просвечиваемого массива судят по изменению разности фаз между принятым и опорным сигналом. 1 ил.

Способ геоэлектроразведки

Устройство для электроразведки

Способ локализации подповерхностных аномалий и устройство для его осуществления

Изобретение относится к геофизике, а более конкретно - к обнаружению скрытых масс или объектов с использованием радиоволновых способов обнаружения подповерхностных диэлектрических аномалий. Цель изобретения - повышение точности и информативности . Указанная цель достигается тем, что предварительно помещают однопроводную линию над исследуемой средой а отсутствие подповерхностных аномалий . Возбуждают электромагнитную ли- нейно-частотно-модулировэнную волну дециметрового диапазона. Осуществляют прием прямой и обратной составляющих волны на обоих концах линии. Выполняют перемножение отраженных сигналов с опорными. Выделяют и запоминают шумовой низкочастотный сигнал на разностной частоте, а затем располагают линию над исследуемым участком среды и повторяют операции. Из полученных низкочастотных сигналов на разностной частоте вычитают шумовые сигналы. Если результирующий сигнал является периодической низкочастотной функцией, то определяют частоту сигнала и вычисляют параметры аномалии. Устройство ...

Способ геофизической разведки

Изобретение относится к области геофизических исследований земных недр. Цель изобретения - повышение информативности исследований путем получения сведений о тектоническом строении изучаемого участка работ. По сети пунктов проводят измерения разности постоянной части модуля полного вектора магнитного поля Земли в рядовых точках относительно базисной точки. Измерения проводят в два цикла с интервалом времени не менее полугода. В каждом цикле проводят кратковременные профильные или площадные наблюдения дважды в периоды с разной поляризацией геомагнитного поля, а на выявленных электромагнитных аномалиях дополнительно проводят не менее двух серий кратковременных наблюдений магнитного поля. По изменениям разности постоянной части модуля полного вектора магнитного поля в двух циклах измерений судят о наличии активных разломов в земной коре. 2 ил.

Способ геоэлектроразведки и устройство для его реализации

... 1. Способ геоэлектроразведки, б котором измеряют параметры естественного электромагнитного поля Земли с помощью двух ортогональных приемных рамок путем отсчета на каждой исследуемой точке угла наклона большой оси эллипса поляризации электромагнитного поля к горизонту по шкале , связанной с рамками, отличающийся тем, что, с целью увеличения точности измерения и со«;ращения времени измерения, геометрические оси приемных рамок устанав-ливают таким образом, что в них измеряют противофазные сигналы, которые интегрируют, затем рамки поворачиваю т до тех пор, пока амплитуды сигналов на интеграторах не станут равными, 9 геометрические оси рамок установятся под углом 5 к полному вектору электромагнитного поля и по углу поворота рамок судят о наклоне большой оси эллипса поляризации электромагнитного поля Земли к горизонту.

Устройство для измерения фазового сдвига между вертикальными и горизонтальными составляющими электромагнитного поля Земли

Устройство радиолокации геологических неоднородностей

Изобретение относится к геофизике и может быть использовано для радиолокационной разведки геологических неоднородностей. Целью изобретения является упрощение устройства и повышение точности его работы. Устройство содержит блок управления и обработки данных, синхронизируемый от этого блока опорный генератор, программно управляемые синтезатор частот, генератор гармоник и аттенюатор, а также усилитель мощности, передающую антенну, приемную антенну, малошумящий усилитель, квадратурное устройство, предварительный смеситель, приемные блоки, каждый из которых содержит программно управляемый фильтр, третий смеситель, делитель мощности, первый и второй смесители. На выходах фильтров приемных блоков образуется сетка частот, сдвинутая относительно сетки частот излучаемых гармоник на промежуточную частоту, а на выходе третьего смесителя формируется сигнал с частотой, равной опорной, что упрощает построение первого и второго смесителей и повышает точность обработки сигнала. 1 ил.

Устройство для определения подповерхностной структуры слоистых земных покровов

Изобретение относится к геофизике и может быть использовано для дистанционного исследования поверхности Земли и подповерхностной структуры пород, например торфяных месторождений, песчаных грунтов, а также для повышения безаварийности движения транспортных средств в трудно проходимых условиях и при ограниченной видимости. Цель изобретения - повышение эффективности определения подповерхностной структуры слоистых земных покровов. Достижение цели обеспечивается благодаря компенсации сигналов помех, приходящих с двух разнесенных в пространстве антенн. Устройство содержит генератор тактовых импульсов, делитель частоты, линию задержки, генератор видеоимпульсов, два переключателя прием-передача, две антенны, приемный блок, индикатор. 2 ил.

Устройство высокочастотной геоэлектроразведки

Способ предсказания времени наступления землетрясения

Изобретение относится к геофизике , а более конкретно к области сейсмологии и преднаэначено для использования при прогнозировании землетрясений . Цель изобретения - повышение точности. С этой целью измеряют мощность инфраннзкочастотной составляющей тока в земной коре. При зтом определяют зависимость спектральной плотности мощности указанной составляющей от частоты, после чего устанавливают значения опорных частот по максимуму изменения спектральной плотности мощности и судят о времени наступления землетрясения по скорости аномального возрастания относительней спектральной плотности мощности ин- франизкочастотной составляющей тбка в земной коре на опорных частотах. 1 ил. i О) &о 4 ;о :л САЭ сл ...

Способ геоэлектрической разведки

Устройство для формирования электромагнитных импульсов в земной коре

Способ определения местоположения неоднородностей в массиве горных пород

Использование: при выявлении и определении местоположения протяженных неоднородностей в массивах горных пород, например крепких включений в массивах мягких вскрышных пород Сущность изобретения , в двух точках, расположенных на расстоянии с ожидаемым незначительным изменением параметров исследуемого массива, осуществляют излучение-прием с помощью приемопередающих антенн электромагнитных импульсов сначала пбляризо- ванных в плоскости падения, затем ортогонально плоскости падения, измеряя амплитуды и фазы спектральных компонент принятых отраженных сигналов, и определяют комплексные диэлектрические проницаемости вмещающей породы и неоднородности . 1 ил.

Генераторное устройство для скважинной геоэлектроразведки

Устройство для измерения амплитуды и фазы радиосигнала

Способ измерения физических свойств массива горных пород

Измерительное устройство для геоэлектроразведки

ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ГЕОЭЛЕКТРОРАЗВЕДКИ, содержащее линщо задержки, блок памяти, блок весовой обработки и блок усреднения, две схемы сравнения и ретстратор, отличающееся тем, что, с целью повьпдения помехоустойчивости и производительности измерений , в него введешь блок вычисления козф4 1циента коррелящ1И, формирователь импульсов, пикокай детектор, блок логарифмирования, накапливающий сумматор, блок ключей к коммутатор , выходы линии задержки соединены с входами блока ключей, выходы которого соединены с первыми входами блока весовой обработки, первые выходы которого соединеш с пер8Ы1«1 входами блока усреднения, второй а91ход блока весовой обработки соединен с вторым входом блока усреднения , выходы которого соединены с входами блока памяти, выходы которого соединены с первыми входами блока вычисления коэффициента корреляции , вторые входы которого соединены с выходами лшши задержки,выход блока вычисления коэффициента корреляции соединен с входом первой схемы сравиеиня, выход которой ...

Способ высокочастотной геоэлектроразведки

Способ радиоволнового просвечивания

Способ измерения направления большойпОлуОСи эллипСА пОляРизАции МАгНиТНОйНАпРяжЕННОСТи элЕКТРОМАгНиТНОгО пОляи уСТРОйСТВО для ЕгО ОСущЕСТВлЕНия

Continuously towed seafloor electomagnetic prospecting system

A towed system for underwater electromagnetic prospecting for use with a seaward vessel is provided. The towed system comprises a first portion, a second portion, and a tow cable. The first portion is located on the vessel and includes a controller and a power supply system. The second towed portion is for submersion in the water and transmits an electromagnetic waveform and receives a corresponding electromagnetic signal. The tow cable connects the first portion with the second portion. The tow cable includes at least a pair of suitable conductors for delivering to the second portion a power signal generated by the first portion and at least one optical fibre for carrying data communications between the first portion and the second portion. The transmitted and received signals are digitized and this information is sent digitally to the controller in the first portion.

Electro-magnetic tomography using modulated signal

Disclosed is an electro-magnetic tomography including: a modulator configured to modulate a generated transmit reference signal using a pseudo-noise signal; a transmitter configured to transmit the signal modulated by the modulator; a receiver configured to receive a signal transmitted from a transmitter; an amplitude detector configured to compare an amplitude magnitude between the signal received by the receiver and the transmit reference signal to measure a received amplitude; and a demodulator configured to demodulate the signal received by the receiver using the pseudo-noise signal to generate a cyclic signal, compare a phase between the transmit reference signal and the cyclic signal to measure the phase of the cyclic signal, and determine the phase of the received signal based on the phase of the measured cyclic signal.

Method and apparatus for object/material detection

Methods and apparatus to compare the size of a target from the first sensor information with the size of the target from the second sensor information to determine whether an anomaly exists based upon the size comparison. In one embodiment, the size of the target from the first sensor information is affected by dielectric constants for at least one material of interest associated with the target.

Walk Through Metal Detection System

The present application is a detection system for locating and characterizing an object placed in a detection area in a three dimensional space. The detection system includes a plurality of magnetic field generators and magnetic field detectors arranged on opposite sides of the detection area and a control system for enabling generation of a magnetic field in the detection area by the magnetic field generators and for measuring of the magnetic field modified by the object at each of the magnetic field detectors. The detection system also includes a processor for processing the measured magnetic field to obtain a data set characterizing the object and a location of the object. The processor applies a reconstruction process on a predefined number of measurements of the modified magnetic field.

Method and System for Passive Electroseismic Surveying

A method of passive surveying comprises generating one or more detected signals by passively detecting a signal generated within a subsurface earth formation due to a seismoelectric response or an electroseismic response in at least one porous subsurface earth formation containing at least one fluid, and processing the one or more detected signals to determine at least one property of the subsurface earth formation.

Real-Time Formation Anisotropy And Dip Evaluation Using Tri-Axial Induction Measurements

The present disclosure relates to a method to determine a formation property of a subsurface formation. A downhole logging tool having two or more tri-axial antennas is provided and used to obtain azimuthally sensitive data. Borehole correction is performed on the obtained data and a ZD-inversion is performed on the borehole corrected data for all antenna spacing groups. A formation indicator flag is determined and, depending on the determined formation indicator flag, a 1D-axial inversion and/or a 1D-radial inversion is performed over selected zones, or neither is performed. The best ZD-inversion results are selected and the 1D-axial inversion results and/or the 1D-radial inversion results, if any, are combined with the selected best ZD- inversion results to form a composite inversion result. The formation property of the subsurface formation is determined using the composite inversion result. 1. A method to determine a formation property of a subsurface formation , comprising:providing a downhole logging tool having two or more tri-axial antennas;obtaining azimuthally sensitive data using the antennas of the downhole logging tool;performing borehole correction on the obtained data;performing a ZD-inversion on the borehole corrected data for all antenna spacing groups;determining a formation indicator flag;performing a 1D-axial inversion and/or a 1D-radial inversion over selected zones, or neither, based on the determined formation indicator flag;selecting the best ZD-inversion results;combining the 1D-axial inversion results and/or the 1D-radial inversion results, if any, with the selected best ZD-inversion results to form a composite inversion result; anddetermining the formation property of the subsurface formation using the composite inversion result.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the downhole logging tool is disposed on a wireline claim 1 , a drill string claim 1 , or a wired drill pipe.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the obtaining azimuthally sensitive ...

Method and Apparatus For Sensing Elongated Subterranean Anomalies

Various logging-while-drilling (LWD) systems and methods provide resistivity logging coupled with deep detection of elongated anomalies at acute angles, enabling effective geosteering without disrupting drilling operations and without requiring intervention in the operations of the existing well. One LWD system embodiment employs a tool having tilted antennas as the transmitter and the receiver, where at least one of the antennas is placed in the vicinity of the bit, making it possible to detect existing wells at distances of 50-100 feet. In some cases, the detection distance is increased by enhancing the visibility of the existing well using a contrast fluid treatment on target well, either to fill the bore or to surround the well with treated cement or fluids that invade the formation. At least one inversion method separates the inversion of formation parameters from the inversion of parameters specifying distance, direction, and orientation of the existing well. 1. A geosteering system that comprises:a electromagnetic logging tool to obtain a multi-component response;a position and orientation tracking module to associate tool position and orientationinformation with measurements of the logging tool; anda processing system to invert the logging tool measurements to estimate formation parameters and the position and orientation of one or more elongated anomalies.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the elongated anomalies include an existing well or borehole.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the formation parameters include formation dip claim 1 , strike claim 1 , and resistivity.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processing system is operable to remove the formation contribution from the measurements before inverting to estimate the position and orientation of the elongated anomalies.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the orientation of each elongated anomaly is specified in terms of a tilt angle of the elongated anomaly relative to a first line in the X-Y ...

STATIONARY STAR-SHAPED ANTENNA METHOD FOR MANIPULATING FOCUSED BEAMFORMED, SHAPED FIELDS AND BEAMSTEERED ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNAL FROM SUBTEL SEDIMENTARY STRATIGRAPHIC FORMATIONS DEEP IN THE EARTH

A method for electromagnetic geophysical surveying according to one aspect of the invention includes disposing a plurality of electromagnetic receivers in a selected pattern above an area of the Earth's subsurface to be evaluated. An electromagnetic source is repeatedly actuated proximate the electromagnetic receivers. Signals generated by the receivers, indexed in time with respect to each actuation of the at least one electromagnetic energy source, are recorded. The recorded signals are processed to generate an image corresponding to at least one point in the subsurface. The processing includes stacking recordings from each receiver for a plurality of actuations of the sources and beam steering a response of the receivers such that the at least one point is equivalent to a focal point of a response of the plurality of receivers. 1. A method for electromagnetic geophysical surveying , comprising:disposing a plurality of electromagnetic receivers in a selected pattern above an area of the Earth's subsurface to be evaluated;repeatedly actuating at least one electromagnetic energy source proximate the electromagnetic receivers;recording signals generated by the receivers indexed in time with respect to each actuation of the at least one electromagnetic energy source; andprocessing the recorded signals to generate an image corresponding to at least one point in the subsurface, the processing including stacking recordings from each receiver for a plurality of actuations of the sources and beam steering a response of the receivers such that the at least one point is equivalent to a focal point of a response of the plurality of receivers.2. The method of wherein the selected pattern comprises lines of receivers radially extending from a center point of an array.3. The method of wherein a number of receivers in the selected pattern and a longitudinal spacing between receivers are related to a maximum electromagnetic energy frequency to be detected from the subsurface.4. ...

Moving-entity detection

A stepped-frequency radar signal is transmitted through a barrier. A transmitter of the stepped-frequency radar is on a first side of the barrier, a first object is on a second side of the barrier, and a second object that is distinct from the first object is on the second side of the barrier. A signal including a reflection of the transmitted signal from the first object and a reflection of the transmitted signal from the second object is sensed. The sensed signal is analyzed to determine that a first detection is associated with the first object and a second detection is associated with a second object.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PASSIVE ELECTROSEISMIC SURVEYING

A method of passive surveying comprises generating one or more detected signals by passively detecting a signal generated within a subsurface earth formation due to a seismoelectric response or an electroseismic response in at least one porous subsurface earth formation containing at least one fluid, and processing the one or more detected signals to determine at least one property of the subsurface earth formation. 130-. (canceled)31. A method of surveying comprising:detecting an electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation in response to a passive-source electromagnetic signal, wherein the electromagnetic signal is generated by an electroseismic or seismoelectric conversion of the passive-source electromagnetic signal; andtransmitting data based on the detected electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation to a processor, wherein the processor is configured to determine at least one property of the subsurface earth formation, based, at least in part, on the detected electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation.32. The method of claim 31 , further comprising:detecting a seismic signal generated by the subsurface earth formation in response to a passive-source electromagnetic signal, wherein the seismic signal is generated by an electroseismic or seismoelectric conversion of the passive-source electromagnetic signal; andtransmitting data based on the detected seismic signal generated by the subsurface earth formation to the processors, wherein the processor is further configured to determine the at least one property of the subsurface earth formation, based, at least in part, on the detected seismic signal generated by the subsurface earth formation.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation is detected at a first time claim 32 , the seismic signal generated by the subsurface earth formation is detected at a second time claim 32 , the first time ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PASSIVE ELECTROSEISMIC SURVEYING

A method of passive surveying comprises generating one or more detected signals by passively detecting a signal generated within a subsurface earth formation due to a seismoelectric response or an electroseismic response in at least one porous subsurface earth formation containing at least one fluid, and processing the one or more detected signals to determine at least one property of the subsurface earth formation. 130-. (canceled)31. A method of survey analysis comprising:receiving data corresponding to an electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation in response to a passive-source electromagnetic signal, wherein the electromagnetic signal is generated by an electroseismic or seismoelectric conversion of the passive-source electromagnetic signal; anddetermining at least one property of the subsurface earth formation, based, at least in part, on the detected electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation.32. The method of claim 31 , wherein determining at least one property of the subsurface earth formation claim 31 , based claim 31 , at least in part claim 31 , on the detected electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation comprises:performing an autocorrelation on the data corresponding to an electromagnetic signal generated by a subsurface earth formation.33. The method of claim 31 , further comprising:receiving data corresponding to a seismic signal generated by the subsurface earth formation in response to a passive-source electromagnetic signal, wherein the seismic signal is generated by an electroseismic or seismoelectric conversion of the passive-source electromagnetic signal; anddetermining the at least one property of the subsurface earth formation, based, at least in part, on the detected seismic signal generated by the subsurface earth formation.34. The method of claim 31 , wherein determining the at least one property of the subsurface earth formation claim 31 , based claim 31 , at least in part ...

RADIO FREQUENCY ASSISTED GEOSTRUCTURE ANALYZER

The invention relates to instruments designated for geophysical survey, in particular for soil mass exploration using electromagnetic waves. Radio frequency assisted geostructure analyzer comprising transmitting antenna and radio transmitter () installed on the first pillar (), with transmitting antenna consisting of transmitting loop () and antenna rod (), and also receiving loop () and radio receiver () installed on the second pillar (), and receiving ferrite antenna (). 1. Radio frequency assisted geostructure analyzer comprising transmitting antenna and radio transmitter installed on the first pillar , and also receiving loop and radio receiver installed on the second pillar , characterized in that it is additionally equipped with receiving ferrite antenna , with transmitting antenna consisting of transmitting loop and antenna rod.2. Radio frequency assisted geostructure analyzer according to claim 1 , characterized in that radio transmitter is designed so that signals fed to transmitting loop and antenna rod are matched so that horizontal directional pattern of transmitting antenna gets a cardioid shape.3. Radio frequency assisted geostructure analyzer according to claim 1 , characterized in that it is additionally equipped with at least one element installed on the first pillar and designated to match signals fed from radio transmitter to transmitting loop and antenna rod so that horizontal directional pattern of transmitting antenna gets a cardioid shape.43. Radio frequency assisted geostructure analyzer according to any - claims 1 , characterized in that radio receiver has channel to measure signal fed from receiving loop and channel to measure signal fed from receiving ferrite antenna.53. Radio frequency assisted geostructure analyzer according to any - claims 1 , characterized in that it is equipped with additional second radio receiver designated to measure signal fed from receiving ferrite antenna.65. Radio frequency assisted geostructure analyzer ...

Method and System of Determining Parameters Associated with a Hydrocarbon Bearing Formation Beneath a Sea Bed

Determining parameters associated with a hydrocarbon bearing formation beneath a sea bed. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods including: obtaining data gathered regarding a plurality of distinct readings by sensors, the readings responsive to a source of electrical energy towed in water above the hydrocarbon bearing formation, the sensors sense an electrical parameter associated with the source; combining a first datum associated with a first path of travel of the source with a second datum associated with a second path of travel of the source, the second path of travel distinct from the first path of travel, and the combining creates a first combined datum; and determining the parameter associated with the hydrocarbon bearing formation by evaluating the first combined datum.

APPARATUS, METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MAPPING FRACTURE FEATURES IN HYDRAULICALLY FRACTURED STRATA USING FUNCTIONAL PROPPANT PROPERTIES

System and method for deploying multiple antennas in an array configuration with unobstructed electromagnetic access to a formation outside of a casing, sequencing the transmitted signal to control the direction of transmission into the formation, receiving the reflected signals, and locating the position of the reflection based on the scanned transmission signal orientation and the direction of the received signal. Such a deployment of an antenna array with unobstructed electromagnetic access to the formation outside of the casing, sequencing of the interrogation signal, and analysis of the received signal relative to the transmitted signal direction form the basis for reflection image rendering as the transmitted signal is scanned by a sequenced stimulus signal. 1. A system for characterizing features in a geologic formation proximate to a cased borehole , comprising:at least one antenna array associated with a wellbore casing, the at least one antenna array having an unobstructed electromagnetic view of the geologic formation;a downhole tool comprising an array control module in communication with said at least one antenna array; and said control arrangement configured to receive reflected electromagnetic signals from the geologic formation from said at least one antenna array;', 'said surface control unit configured to analyze said received electromagnetic signals and generate an image displaying at least one attribute of the geologic formation., 'a surface control unit coupled to said downhole tool as a control arrangement to be in communication with said at least one antenna array, said control arrangement configured to actuate said at least one antenna array with sequenced electromagnetic signals;'}2. The system of wherein the actuation signal creates a scanned electromagnetic beam.3. The system of wherein the attribute of the geologic formation is a representation of proppant disposed within a fracture.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the proppant is at ...

Method of poles configuration with four poles inter-combination for marine electromagnetic surveying

The present invention is a method of poles configuration with four poles inter-combination for marine electromagnetic surveying and acquisition. The method of the present invention adopts six horizontal electric field components with four poles inter-combination. The six horizontal electric field components are respectively constituted from tri-pins grounding electrodes of four poles pairwise. One of the pins of each of the tri-pins grounding electrodes and the pins of the other three tri-pins grounding electrodes mutually constitute the six horizontal electric field components. The data for electromagnetic field over time series are simultaneously recorded. The present invention effectively ensure that the electric field recording with an angle less than 22.5 degree to the activation direction is achieved regardless of the orientation of the acquisition station, and that the worst effective activation signal may reach 76.5% of that under collinear activation. It is ensured that the activation field source and the couple pole for recording the electric field are under strong coupling, the requirements on the orientation of the acquisition station and on the dragging direction and position of the activation field source in data acquisition are lowered, and loss of electromagnetic data is prevented.

System and method of making environmental measurements

Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to operate with respect to environmental measurements. Apparatus and methods include a processing unit to generate a ratio from signals measured relating to an underground environment and to determine parameters of the underground environment based on the generated ratio.

PHASE SYNCHRONIZED BURIED OBJECT LOCATOR APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Buried object locator systems including transmitters and associated buried object locators using phase-synchronized signals are disclosed. A transmitter may generate output current signals that are phase-synchronized such that an associated locator may receive magnetic field signals from the output current signal and determine information about the current flow based on independent phase-synchronization timing information. 1. A method for use in a buried object locator system transmitter , comprising:receiving a transmitted signal, including timing information, at the transmitter;generating a timing reference from the timing information at the transmitter;generating a phase-synchronized output signal having a phase determined at least in part by the timing reference at the transmitter; andsending the output signal from the transmitter to a coupling device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmitted signal is a Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system signal.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmitted signal is a terrestrially generated signal.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising coupling the output signal to a buried object to generate a buried object current.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving a magnetic field signal associated with the buried object current at a buried object locator; anddetermining information about the buried object current based at least in part on the phase of the magnetic field signal.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the information about the buried object current includes information about an indicated direction of flow of the buried object current relative to an orientation of the locator.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising providing a graphical display of the indicated direction of flow of the buried object current on a GUI display of the locator.8. The method of claim 5 , further comprising independently determining a second timing reference at the locator system claim 5 , wherein ...

LOW NOISE MARINE ELECTRIC FIELD SENSOR SYSTEM

An EM receiver instrument suitable for making underwater electric field measurements. The EM receiver comprises a dipole antenna; an AM modulator for applying modulation to a signal detected by the antenna; a fiber-optic voltage sensor and an application of AM demodulator for applying demodulation to the signal. The fiber-optic sensor may be an interferometric voltage sensor or a phase sensitive voltage sensor. 1. An EM receiver for underwater electric field measurements comprising;a dipole antenna for detecting a signal;means for applying AM modulation to the signal;a fiber-optic voltage sensor and;means for applying AM demodulation to the signal.2. An electric field sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fiber-optic voltage sensor is an interferometric voltage sensor claim 1 , or a phase sensitive voltage sensor.3. An electric field sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fiber-optic voltage sensor comprises a high transduction efficiency cylindrical transducer claim 1 , which in use is operated close to its mechanical hoop resonance and electrical impedance series resonance.4. An electric field sensor as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the transducer comprises a piezoceramic element.5. An electric field sensor as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the transducer comprises an electrostrictive element.6. An electric field sensor as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a transformer.7. An electric field sensor as claimed in claim 6 , wherein in use the transformer is optimized for minimum input noise voltage.8. An electric field sensor as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising signal feedback control means claim 1 , for feedback between e.g. the output signal and the signal received at the receiver.9. A method of measuring electric fields underwater claim 1 , by use of an electric field sensor according to .10. Use of a fiber-optic voltage sensor in a Sea Bed Logging receiver.11. An EM receiver for underwater electric field measurements comprising;a dipole antenna ...

Handheld locating device

A locating device disposable on a surface has a housing, a capacitance sensor, a radar sensor, and an inductance sensor. The locating device also has a motion sensor disposed for detecting at least one motion parameter. A controller receives data from the capacitance sensor, the radar sensor, the inductance sensor and the motion sensor, and determines from the data a presence of objects disposed within or behind the surface. A display is used for displaying a graphical representation of the objects disposed within or behind the surface.

SENSOR UNIT AND METHOD FOR CONTACTLESSLY ACTUATING A VEHICLE DOOR

A capacitive sensor unit is disposed for contactlessly actuating a vehicle door. The sensor unit has an electrode assembly with at least three electrodes that are disposed in a spaced relationship. The electrodes include a first transmitting electrode, a second transmitting electrode, and a receiving electrode arranged between the two transmitting electrodes.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DIRECTIONAL RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT WHILE DRILLING USING AN ANTENNA WITH A JOINT-COIL STRUCTURE

An apparatus for making directional resistivity measurements of a subterranean formation includes a resistivity tool with a longitudinal axis and an outer surface, a first antenna deployed below the outer surface and having an axial mode coil for processing an axial electromagnetic wave and a transverse mode coil for processing a transverse electromagnetic wave to form a joint-coil structure, a second antenna deployed below the outer surface and spaced at an axial distance from the first antenna, at least two sets of slots with different orientations formed on the outer surface. A corresponding method for making directional resistivity measurements includes rotating a resistivity tool in a borehole, utilizing a transmitter-receiver antenna group formed in the resistivity tool to process a superimposition of the axial and transverse electromagnetic waves, and computing a resistivity-related measurement from the superimposition of the axial and transverse electromagnetic waves received on the receiver antenna. 1. An apparatus for making directional resistivity measurements of a subterranean formation comprising:a resistivity tool with a longitudinal axis and an outer surface;a first antenna deployed below the outer surface and having an axial mode coil and a transverse mode coil to form a joint-coil structure for processing signals; the axial mode coil having a central axis which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the resistivity tool; the transverse mode coil having a central axis which is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the resistivity tool;a second antenna deployed below the outer surface and spaced at an axial distance from the first antenna;at least two sets of slots formed on the outer surface; andwherein the first set of slots is oriented differently on the outer surface from the second set of slots.2. The apparatus according to wherein the axial mode coil processes an axial electromagnetic wave.3. The apparatus ...

Almost real-time sampling for ground-penetrating radar impulses

A ground-penetrating RADAR-based system can include a transmitter configured to transmit multiple RADAR impulses and a receiver configured to receive a signal comprising return waves generated responsive to the transmitted RADAR impulses. The signal can include a direct wave portion and a reflected wave portion. The system can also include a processing unit configured to analyze the return waves by determining the direct wave portion, fitting the direct wave portion to determine parametric information corresponding to the return waves, determining the reflected wave portion, determining characteristics of the reflected wave portion based on the parametric information, and comparing the determined characteristics against known characteristics.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR JOINT SEISMIC AND ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA RECORDING

Methods and data acquisition systems enable joint acquisition of seismic and electromagnetic data in a target area using stand-alone digital recorders. 1. A method for exploring an underground formation , the method comprising:disposing seismic sensors and electromagnetic sensors according to a predetermined arrangement over the underground formation;connecting the seismic and the electromagnetic sensors to stand-alone digital recorders; andacquiring jointly seismic and electromagnetic data gathered by the stand-alone digital recorders from the seismic and the electromagnetic sensors,wherein at least one of the disposing, connecting and acquiring are performed such that to minimize a seismic-electromagnetic cross-response.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the seismic sensors are non-inductive seismic sensors.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the seismic sensors are hydrophones claim 2 , micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers claim 2 , distributed acoustic sensor systems (DAS) claim 2 , fiber optic sensors or a combination thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic sensors are grounded electrodes claim 1 , inductive coils claim 1 , fluxgate magnetometers claim 1 , capacitive electrodes or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , according to the predetermined arrangement claim 1 , the seismic and the electromagnetic sensors interleaved along lines of a same grid.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the seismic-electromagnetic response includes at least one of a seismic sensor response to an electromagnetic excitation and an electromagnetic sensor response to a seismic excitation.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stand-alone digital recorders are configured to communicate wirelessly.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating seismic and electromagnetic excitations such that corresponding listening times thereof overlap at least partially.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stand-alone ...

SENSOR HEAD

An apparatus includes an extendable wand, and a sensor head coupled to the wand. The sensor head includes a continuous wave metal detector (CWMD) and a radar. When the wand is collapsed, the wand and the sensor head collapse to fill a volume that is smaller than a volume filled by the sensor head and the wand when the wand is extended. Frequency-domain data from a sensor configured to sense a region is accessed, the frequency-domain data is transformed to generate a time-domain representation of the region, a first model is determined based on the accessed frequency-domain data, a second model is determined based on the generated time-domain representation, the second model being associated with a particular region within the sensed region, and a background model that represents a background of the region is determined based on the first model and the second model. 1an extendable wand; anda sensor head coupled to the wand, the sensor head comprising a continuous wave metal detector (CWMD) and a radar, wherein, when the wand is collapsed, the wand and the sensor head collapse to fill a volume that is smaller than a volume filled by the sensor head and the wand when the wand is extended.. An apparatus comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/460,958, filed Aug. 15, 2014, now allowed, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/081,153, filed Apr. 6, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,842,035, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/322,284, filed Apr. 8, 2010, and titled SENSOR HEAD INCLUDING A TRANSCEIVER; U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/409,899, filed Nov. 3, 2010, and titled SENSOR HEAD INCLUDING A TRANSCEIVER; U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/411,759, filed Nov. 9, 2010, and titled SENSOR HEAD INCLUDING A TRANSCEIVER; and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/448,869, filed Mar. 3, 2011, and titled OBJECT AND WIRE DETECTION. The disclosures of these prior provisional applications ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MAPPING HYDROCARBON RESERVOIRS USING ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSMISSIONS

Provided are systems and methods for mapping hydrocarbon reservoirs. Operations include disposing an electromagnetic (EM) transmitter and an EM receiver into first and second wellbores of first and second wells, respectively, penetrating a resistive layer of a subsurface formation bounded by first and second conductive layers. The EM transmitter and receiver each being disposed at depths proximate to intersections of the first and second wellbores and the resistive layer, respectively. The operations further including transmitting an EM signal between the EM transmitter and receiver via the resistive layer, determining transport properties associated with propagation of the EM signal from the EM transmitter to the EM receiver via the resistive layer, and determining the presence of an anomaly in at least one of the conductive layers based on the travel time. 1. A method for mapping a hydrocarbon reservoir , the method comprising:disposing an electromagnetic (EM) transmitter into a first wellbore of a first well penetrating a resistive layer of a subsurface formation, the EM transmitter being disposed at a depth corresponding to an intersection of the first wellbore and the resistive layer, the resistive layer being bounded by a first conductive layer located adjacent the resistive layer and a second conductive layer adjacent the resistive layer;disposing an EM receiver into a second wellbore of a second well penetrating the resistive layer of the subsurface formation, the EM receiver being disposed at a depth corresponding to an intersection of the second wellbore and the resistive layer;activating the EM transmitter to transmit an EM signal into the resistive layer at the first wellbore such that the EM signal propagates from the EM transmitter disposed in the first wellbore to the EM receiver disposed in second wellbore via the resistive layer;activating the EM receiver to receive the EM signal at the second wellbore;determining, based on the EM signal received at ...

Millimeter wave holographic three-dimensional imaging detection system and method

This invention provides millimeter wave holographic 3D imaging detection system, which comprises: a transmitting antenna configured to transmit a millimeter wave transmitting signal to an object to be detected; a receiving antenna configured to receive an echo signal from the object to be detected; a millimeter wave transceiving module configured to generate the millimeter wave transmitting signal transmitted to the object to be detected and receive and process the echo signal from the receiving antenna; a scanning device configured to support the millimeter wave transceiving module, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, and move the millimeter transceiving module, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna along a preset track, so as to scan the object to be detected with millimeter waves; a data gathering and processing module configured to gather and process the echo signal output from the millimeter wave transceiving module to generate a 3D image of the object to be detected; and an image display unit configured to display the 3D image generated by the data gathering and processing module. Besides, this invention also provides a method of millimeter wave holographic 3D imaging detection on an object to be detected using the above system thereof. The technical solution of this invention has the advantages of simple structure, high resolution, short imaging time, and larger field of view.

SHORT DISTANCE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMMUNICATION FOR INSTRUMENTS IN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE HOUSINGS

An electromagnetic communication system for a wellbore drilling instrument includes a first antenna disposed in a pressure tight compartment in a wall of a drill collar or a pressure tight sonde and a second antenna disposed in a pressure tight sonde disposed in an interior passage in the drill collar or in a pressure tight compartment in a wall of the drill collar. A wall thickness of the drill collar and/or a wall thickness of the sonde, an electrically conductive material used for the drill collar and the sonde and a frequency of electromagnetic signals applied to at least one of the antennas are chosen to enable electromagnetic communication between the first antenna and the second antenna disposed. 1. An electromagnetic communication system for a wellbore instrument , comprising:at least a first antenna disposed in a pressure tight compartment in a wall of a drill collar or in a pressure tight sonde disposed in an interior passage in the drill collar; andat least a second antenna disposed in a pressure tight sonde disposed in an interior passage in the drill collar or in a pressure tight compartment in the wall of the drill collar;wherein a wall thickness of the drill collar and/or a wall thickness of the pressure tight sonde, an electrically conductive material used for the drill collar and the pressure tight sonde and a frequency of electromagnetic signals applied to at least one of the antennas are chosen to enable electromagnetic communication between the first antenna and the second antenna.2. The system of wherein the first antenna and the second antenna comprise coaxially wound coils.3. The system of wherein the antenna in the wall of the drill collar comprises a solenoid coil disposed on one side of the drill collar.4. The system of wherein a longitudinal axis of the antenna in the wall of the drill collar is oriented so that a magnetic dipole moment is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the drill collar.5. The system of wherein a longitudinal axis of ...

MARINE TO BOREHOLE ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEY

Methods of marine to borehole measurement may include dispersing one or more borehole receivers in one or more boreholes; distributing one or more marine receivers in marine water at a seabed; immersing an electromagnetic dipole source in the marine water above the seabed; energizing the electromagnetic dipole source; measuring one or more borehole signal measurements using the one or more borehole receivers and one or more seabed signal measurements using the one or more marine receivers; and determining a three-dimensional property distribution of a reservoir of interest by processing the one or more borehole signal measurements and the one or more seabed signal measurements. 1. A method , comprising:dispersing one or more borehole receivers in one or more boreholes;distributing one or more marine receivers in marine water at a seabed;immersing an electromagnetic dipole source in the marine water above the seabed;energizing the electromagnetic dipole source;measuring one or more borehole signal measurements using the one or more borehole receivers and one or more seabed signal measurements using the one or more marine receivers; anddetermining a three-dimensional property distribution of a reservoir of interest by processing the one or more borehole signal measurements and the one or more seabed signal measurements.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:designing a drilling operation or secondary recovery operation based on the three-dimensional property distribution.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional property distribution is selected from a group consisting of: three-dimensional electromagnetic property distribution claim 1 , three-dimensional resistivity distribution claim 1 , three-dimensional induced polarization distribution claim 1 , three-dimensional anisotropy distribution claim 1 , three-dimensional saturation distribution claim 1 , three-dimensional fracture distribution claim 1 , three-dimensional permeability distribution ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL SOLID PLANET BY USING A SINGLE-TRANSMITTER AND MULTIPLE-RECEIVER RADAR

A method and a system for detecting geological structure of an extraterrestrial solid planet by using a single-transmitter and multiple-receiver (STMR) radar are provided. The method comprises obtaining the detection of thickness distribution and geological structure of each geological layer on the extraterrestrial solid planet by using a STMR mode, and calculating information of the dielectric coefficients and the depth of the respective geological layer. There are two detection channels having different depths of detection and detection resolutions, in which a first channel operates in a HF/VHF band for detecting geological structure of rocks on the extraterrestrial solid planet, and a second channel operates in a UHF band for detecting geological structure of regolith on the extraterrestrial solid planet. These two detection channels can cooperate with each other, ensuring accuracy and reliability of the detection. 1. A method for detecting geological structure of an extraterrestrial solid planet by using a single-transmitter and multiple-receiver (STMR) radar comprising:step A: emitting, by a transmitting antenna, an electromagnetic pulse to underground of the extraterrestrial solid planet;step B: receiving an echo signal that reflected from a first geological interface by n receiving antennas, the first geological interface is an interface between the first geological layer and a second geological layer of an extraterrestrial solid planet, wherein n≧2;{'sub': 'j', 'step C: according to the echo signal received by Rof the n receiving antennas, establishing a pair of equations consisting of a first equation and a second equation, wherein the first equation is associated with a propagation time and a transmission speed of the electromagnetic pulse signal and a thickness of the first geological layer, and the second equation is associated with an incident angle and a refraction angle of the electromagnetic pulse at the interface between the atmosphere or vacuum and ...

BOUNDARY TRACKING CONTROL MODULE FOR ROTARY STEERABLE SYSTEMS

A rotary steerable bottom hole assembly includes a drill bit disposed at a distal end thereof, and azimuthal resistivity antennas and electronics configured to measure a distance to a formation boundary. 1. A rotary steerable bottom hole assembly comprising:a drill bit disposed at a distal end thereof;azimuthal resistivity antennas and electronics configured to measure a distance to a formation boundary, the azimuthal resistivity antennas comprising:an axial antenna including a wire winding for generating an axial magnetic moment parallel with the longitudinal axis;a transverse antenna including an antenna body having a longer axis disposed longitudinally in the housing, and a wire coil having a central axis disposed around the antenna body, wherein the wire coil central axis is substantially perpendicular to the longer axis of the antenna body, and wherein the wire coil is configured to generate a transverse magnetic moment orthogonal to the housing longitudinal axis.2. The rotary steerable bottom hole assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a stabilizer disposed in the bottom hole assembly uphole from the drill bit.3. The rotary steerable bottom hole assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a steerable housing having a longitudinal axis and disposed between the stabilizer and the drill bit claim 2 , wherein the azimuthal resistivity antennas and electronics are in the housing.4. The rotary steerable bottom hole assembly of claim 3 , further comprising a control module in the housing configured to steer the drill bit along a well path and claim 3 , based on measurements from the azimuthal resistivity antennas claim 3 , to steer the housing and maintain a distance between the housing and the formation boundary.5. The rotary steerable bottom hole assembly of claim 4 , wherein the housing further encloses a hydraulic pump and pump drive for operating one or more rams to steer the drill bit.6. The rotary steerable bottom hole assembly of claim 4 , wherein the control ...

SYSTEM FOR EXPLORING UNDERGROUND GEOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND METHOD FOR ANALYZING UNDERGROUND GEOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES USING THE SAME

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for analyzing underground geophysical properties using the principle of a ground-penetrating radar. In order to resolve problems of the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) techniques of the related art which mainly acquires an underground image using electric field reflected waves and excludes acquisition of an underground image using magnetic field reflected waves, the present invention provides a system for exploring underground geophysical properties and a method for analyzing underground geophysical properties using the same, the system including: a transmission antenna which is located in a specific spot on the ground and radiates an electromagnetic pulse signal; and a pair of reception antennae which measures an electric field signal and a magnetic field signal which are generated by the radiated signal, in which the system is configured to be able to acquire not only underground images using electric field reflected waves as in technology of the related art but also underground images using magnetic field reflected waves, thereby exploring underground geophysical properties more accurately and effectively than conventional technology. 2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein any antennae which radiate an ultra broadband electric wave pulse are used as the transmission antenna of the transmission antenna unit.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the electric field signal reception antenna of the reception antenna unit is configured by a dipole antenna in which two conductive radiators are configured in parallel with respect to a power feeding point to receive the ultra broadband pulse signal.4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetic field signal reception antenna of the reception antenna unit is configured by a loop antenna around which a single conductive radiator is wound to receive the ultra broadband pulse signal.5. (canceled)7. The system according to claim 6 , wherein a ...

Detecting Location within a Network

Systems and methods for detecting the presence of a body in a network without fiducial elements, using signal absorption, and signal forward and reflected backscatter of radio frequency (RF) waves caused by the presence of a biological mass in a communications network. 1. A method for detecting a presence of a human comprising:providing a first transceiver disposed at a first location within a detection area;providing a second transceiver disposed at a second location within said detection area;a computer server communicably coupled to said first transceiver;said first transceiver receiving a first set of wireless signals from said second transceiver when a human is present within said detection area at a first position;said computer server receiving a first set of signal data from said first transceiver, said first set of signal data comprising data about properties of said first set of wireless signals;said computer server creating a baseline signal profile for wireless communications from said second transceiver to said first transceiver, said baseline signal profile being based at least in part on said properties of said first set of wireless signals in said first set of signal data when said human is present in said detection area at said first position;said human moving from said first position to a second position in said detection area;said first transceiver receiving a second set of wireless signals from said second transceiver when said human is present at said second position;said computer server receiving a second set of signal data from said first transceiver, said second set of signal data comprising data about properties of said second set of wireless signals;and said computer server determining if the position of said human in said detection area has changed, said determination based at least in part on a comparison of said properties of said second set of wireless signals in said second set of wireless signal data to said baseline signal profile.2. ...

Detecting an underground object

In a method of detecting an underground object which is at least partially under a surface of ground, a first view of the object determined by transmitting a first radar signal from a first known geolocation. A second view of the object is determined by transmitting a second radar signal from a second known geolocation. The respective first and second trajectories of the first and second radar signals are oblique with respect to the surface of the ground and the respective first and second trajectories are at a first angle with respect to each other. A position of the object is estimated by maximizing a correlation between the first view and the second view by adjusting an estimated dielectric constant associated with medium between the object and the surface of the ground.

DETECTING LOCATION WITHIN A NETWORK

Systems and methods for detecting the presence of a body in a network without fiducial elements, using signal absorption, and signal forward and reflected backscatter of RF waves caused by the presence of a biological mass in a communications network. 1. A method for detecting a human comprising:providing a plurality of transceivers;providing a computer server communicably coupled to each transceiver in said plurality of transceivers;a first transceiver in said plurality of transceivers receiving a first set of wireless signals from said a second transceiver in said plurality of transceivers;said computer server receiving a first set of signal data from said first transceiver, said first set of signal data comprising data about the properties of said first set of wireless signals, said property data being generated as part of ordinary operation of said first transceiver;said computer server creating a baseline signal profile for communications from said second transceiver to said first transceiver, said baseline signal profile being based at least in part on said wireless signal properties in said received first set of signal data, and representing characteristics of wireless transmissions from said second transceiver to said first transceiver when no human is present in said detection area;said first transceiver receiving a second set of wireless signals from said second transceiver;said computer server receiving a second set of signal data from said first transceiver, said second set of signal data comprising data about the properties of said second set of wireless signals, said property data being generated as part of ordinary operation of said first transceiver; andsaid computer server determining whether a human is present within said detection area, said determination based at least in part on a comparison of said wireless signal properties in said received second set of wireless signal data to said baseline signal profile.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

GROUND-TRACKING SYSTEMS AND APPARATUS

A ground tracking system including a ground follower assembly for use with a locator or other device for determining position, motion, and/or orientation information is disclosed. The ground follower assembly may include a wheel assembly coupled to a locator and configured to swivel and/or pivot relative to an antenna node of the locator to generate signals for use in determining position information during a locate operation, such as from a sonde array. 1. A buried object locator , comprising:an antenna array;a moving or rolling element including one or more sondes;a circuit coupled to the antenna array for receiving magnetic field signals from a buried object and the one or more sondes; anda processing element configured to:determining information about the buried object; anddetermine motion, position or orientation information associated with the locator based at least in part on the received magnetic field provided from the sondes.2. The locator of claim 1 , wherein the moving or rolling element comprises a wheel assembly and the sondes are disposed on or within one or more of wheels of the wheel assembly.3. The locator of claim 2 , wherein the wheel assembly comprises two wheels.4. The locator of claim 2 , wherein the wheel assembly comprises:a first outer wheel;a second outer wheel; anda center wheel.5. The locator of claim 1 , further including a circuit configured to determine one or more characteristics of a surface based on the motion claim 1 , position claim 1 , or orientation information.6. The locator of claim 5 , wherein the motion claim 5 , position or orientation information comprises three-dimensional motion information or three-dimensional position information.7. The locator of claim 1 , wherein the motion claim 1 , position claim 1 , or orientation information includes information associate with a translational movement of the locator relative to a surface. This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent ...

Methods and systems for analyzing formation properties when performing subterranean operations

A method of analyzing a subterranean formation is disclosed. A first signal is transmitted from a transmitter to the formation and a second signal which is a reflection of the first signal is received. A third signal, which is the second signal reversed in time, is then transmitted to the formation. A fourth signal which is a reflection of the third signal from the formation is then received and monitored.

Free-hand scanning and imaging

Wideband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. A probe transmits a signal through its aperture incident to an object located in a medium of interest remotely from the probe. The probe receives through the aperture a plurality of nonuniformly sampled reflected signals from the object as the probe moves in a measurement plane located a predetermined distance from the object. A processor executes a SAR-based reconstruction algorithm to generate an image.

DETECTION DEVICE AND DETECTION METHOD OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DEVICE

An object of the present invention is to detect an electronic circuit device with small power. A detection device detects an electronic circuit device which has a unique resonance frequency and performs data communication by power obtained by resonance, and includes an antenna configured to emit a radio wave at the resonance frequency to the electronic circuit device an oscillation unit configured to output an oscillation signal at the resonance frequency to the antenna a resonance detection unit configured to detect a resonant state occurring between the antenna and the electronic circuit device a determination unit configured to determine existence of the electronic circuit device on the basis of the resonant state detected by the resonance detection unit 1. A detection device detecting an electronic circuit device which has a unique resonance frequency and performs data communication by power obtained by resonance , the detection device comprising:an antenna configured to emit a radio wave at the resonance frequency to the electronic circuit device;an oscillation unit configured to output an oscillation signal at the resonance frequency to the antenna;a resonance detection unit configured to detect a resonant state occurring between the antenna and the electronic circuit device; anda determination unit configured to determine existence of the electronic circuit device based on the resonant state detected by the resonance detection unit.2. The detection device according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the oscillation unit includes a frequency changing unit which is configured to change the resonance frequency.3. The detection device according to claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , the frequency changing unit includes:single oscillation units which output oscillation signals at different resonance frequencies; anda connection switching unit which switches connection between the antenna and the single oscillation units.4. The detection device according to claim 1 , wherein ...

METHOD FOR COLLECTING AND PROCESSING TENSOR ARTIFICIAL-SOURCE ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNAL DATA AND DEVICE THEREOF

A method for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data and a device thereof; the method comprising the steps of: step S determining an electric field polarization direction in a measuring area, and arranging electromagnetic field sensors according to the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area, step S respectively collecting artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals, step S respectively Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic field values corresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals corresponding to n groups of natural sources, step S calculating to obtain the underground tensor impedances according to the electromagnetic field values corresponding to the artificial source and the electromagnetic field signals corresponding to n groups of natural sources that are obtained based on the least square method, step S 1. A method for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data , comprising the steps of:{'b': '1', 'step S: determining an electric field polarization direction in a measuring area, and arranging electromagnetic field sensors according to the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area,'}{'b': '2', 'step S: respectively collecting artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals,'}{'b': '3', 'sub': s', 's', 's', 's', 'i', 'i', 'i', 'i, 'step S: respectively Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic field values Ex, Ey,Hx, and Hycorresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals Ex, Ey, Hxand Hycorresponding to n groups of natural sources, wherein i=1: n,'}{'b': '4', 'sub': s', 's', 's', 's', 'i', 'i', 'i', 'i, 'step S: calculating ...

PIPING EQUIPPED WITH A SENSING MEMBER

The invention relates to a pipe () including:—a tubular element () defining an inner longitudinal passage ();—a protective element () attached onto the outer surface of the tubular element () and extending longitudinally in relation to the tubular element (), the protective element () and the tubular element () defining a longitudinal receiving passage (); and—a detection element () that is detectable with a detection device. The detection element () is linear and includes an electrically conductive core () and an electrically insulating sheath () that covers the electrically conductive core (). The detection element () extends longitudinally into the receiving passage () and is movably mounted longitudinally in relation to the tubular element () and the protective element (). 1. A piping intended to be buried , comprising:a tubular member delimiting a longitudinal inner passage,a protective strip extending longitudinally relative to the tubular member, the protective strip comprising two longitudinal lateral portions fastened on an outer surface of the tubular member, the protective strip and the tubular member delimiting a longitudinal receiving passage, anda sensing member intended to be sensed with a sensing device, the sensing member being linear and comprising an electrically conductive core and an electrically insulating sheath covering the electrically conductive core, the sensing member extending longitudinally in the receiving passage and being movably mounted longitudinally relative to the tubular member and the protective strip, the two longitudinal lateral portions of the protective strip extending on either side of the sensing member.2. The piping according to claim 1 , wherein the sensing member has a cross-section smaller than a cross-section of the receiving passage.3. The piping according to claim 1 , wherein the two longitudinal lateral portions of the protective strip are each fastened on the outer surface of the tubular member by ultrasonic ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INCORPORATING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR EQUIPMENT ON SEISMIC SOURCE

A system and method for incorporating ground penetrating radar equipment on seismic source is disclosed. The system includes a seismic source platform, a seismic source coupled to the seismic source platform and configured to emit a seismic signal, a transmitter coupled to the seismic source platform using at least one piece of mounting equipment and configured to emit electromagnetic signals, an ground penetrating radar antenna coupled to the seismic source platform using at least one piece of mounting equipment and configured to receive reflected electromagnetic signals, and a ground penetrating radar recorder coupled to the seismic source platform and configured to record reflected electromagnetic signals. 1. A ground penetrating radar system , comprising:a transmitter configured to emit electromagnetic signals;an antenna configured to receive reflected electromagnetic signals;a recorder configured to record reflected electromagnetic signals; andat least one piece of mounting equipment configured to couple the antenna to a seismic source platform.2. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one piece of mounting equipment is configured to adjust a position of the antenna above a surface of the earth.3. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna includes noise shielding.4. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna includes a directional antenna.5. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , further comprising an internal battery configured to provide power to the antenna.6. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one piece of global positioning system equipment coupled to the recorder.7. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , wherein the transmitter and the antenna are a single piece of equipment.8. A seismic exploration system claim 1 , comprising:a seismic source platform;a seismic source coupled to the seismic source platform and ...

Apparatus and Method for At-Bit Resistivity Measurements

An apparatus for making resistivity measurements near a drill bit includes a tool body, a transmitter deployed on the tool body, a receiver deployed on the tool body and at an axial distance from the transmitter, and a transmitting signal coupler coupled to the transmitter antenna and the receiver. The transmitter generates electrical signals and converts the electrical signals into electromagnetic signals to be transmitted. The receiver measures the amplitudes and phases of the electromagnetic signals received from the transmitter. The transmitting signal coupler couples a portion of the electrical signals from the transmitter antenna and measures the amplitudes and phases of the coupled electrical signals. Amplitude attenuation and phase shift between the electromagnetic signals received at the receiver and the electrical signals coupled at the transmitting signal coupler are computed for calculating resistivity. 1. An apparatus for making resistivity measurements near a drill bit comprising:a tool body;a transmitter deployed on the tool body; wherein the transmitter generating electrical signals and converting the electrical signals into electromagnetic signals to be transmitted into a formation;a receiver deployed on the tool body and at an axial distance from the transmitter; wherein the receiver measuring the amplitudes and phases of the electromagnetic signals sourced from the transmitter;a transmitting signal coupler coupled to the transmitter; wherein the transmitting signal coupler coupling a portion of the electrical signals from the transmitter antenna and measuring the amplitudes and phases of the coupled electrical signals; andwherein an amplitude attenuation and a phase shift between the electromagnetic signals received at the receiver and the electrical signals coupled at the transmitting signal coupler are computed for calculating resistivity.2. The apparatus according to wherein each of the transmitter and the receiver comprise at least one antenna ...

ACQUISITION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TOWED ELECTROMAGNETIC SENSOR CABLE AND SOURCE

An electromagnetic survey acquisition system includes a sensor cable and a source cable, each deployable in a body of water, and a recording system. The sensor cable includes an electromagnetic sensor thereon. The source cable includes an electromagnetic antenna thereon. The recording system includes a source current generator, a current sensor, and an acquisition controller. The source current generator powers the source cable to emit an electromagnetic field from the antenna. The current sensor is coupled to the source current generator. The acquisition controller interrogates the electromagnetic sensor and the current sensor at selected times in a synchronized fashion. 1. A method for electromagnetic surveying , comprising:inducing an electromagnetic field in a body of water with a source current;detecting a property of the source current at selected times with a current sensor;detecting a property of an electromagnetic field in the body of water at selected time with an electromagnetic sensor; andsynchronizing the detecting the property of the source current with the detecting the property of the electromagnetic field.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising synchronizing the detecting the property of the source current and the detecting the property of the electromagnetic field with an absolute time reference.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:measuring motion of the electromagnetic sensor;measuring motion of a survey vessel including thereon a recording system for recording the detected property; andsynchronizing the detecting the property of the electromagnetic field, measuring motion of the electromagnetic sensor, and measuring motion of the survey vessel.4. The method of wherein the inducing the electromagnetic field is synchronized with the detecting the property of the electromagnetic field claim 3 , measuring motion of the electromagnetic sensor claim 3 , and measuring motion of the survey vessel with an absolute time reference signal.5. ...

DISTINGUISHING FALSE SIGNALS IN CABLE LOCATING

Discriminating between a cable locating signal and a false cable locating signal is described. A reference signal, which contains a locating signal frequency impressed on it, is transmitted in a way which provides for detection of a phase shift between the locating signal and the false locating signal. Based on the phase shift, a receiver is used to distinguish the locating signal from the false locating signal. 1. A transmitter for use in a region which contains at least first and second in-ground cables , each of which cables includes an electrically conductive component such that , when the first cable is driven at a locating signal frequency to emit a locating signal in an electromagnetic form , the locating signal can be coupled to the second cable in a way which causes the second cable to generate a false locating signal in electromagnetic form , said transmitter comprising:a frequency generator for generating said locating signal frequency and for generating a reference signal, with said locating signal frequency impressed thereon; anda coupler for coupling the locating signal frequency and the reference signal onto the first cable in a way which provides for detection of a phase shift between the locating signal and the false locating signal by a receiver for distinguishing the locating signal from the false locating signal.2. The transmitter of wherein said locating signal frequency claim 1 , as impressed on the reference signal claim 1 , is at least approximately in a fixed phase relationship with said locating signal.3. The transmitter of wherein said locating signal is driven onto the first cable using inductive coupling and wherein said fixed phase relationship is at least approximately 90 degrees.4. The transmitter of wherein said fixed phase relationship is of a known magnitude and phase angle in relationship to said locating signal frequency.5. The transmitter of configured for driving the locating signal onto said first cable in a given way which ...

MONITORING AND FOREWARNING METHOD FOR COAL-ROCK DYNAMIC DISASTERS BASED ON ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION AND EARTH SOUND

A monitoring and forewarning method for coal-rock dynamic disasters based on an electromagnetic radiation and an earth-sound monitoring includes the following steps: (1) calculating the weighted average value of research parameter P(t) during a time period according to the monitoring data collected by the electromagnetic radiation and the earth-sound monitoring system in real time; (2) calculating D(t), the deviation value of P(t); (3) calculating as the deviation threshold value, the average value of |D(t)| during period of normal mining of the working surface; (4) calculating D, the number of times that D(t) is greater than in one day; (5) normalizing Dto obtain the monitoring and forewarning index ε; (6) forewarning the hazard state of dynamic disaster of the working surface in real time according to ε and forewarning method, determining hazard level. 1. A monitoring and forewarning method for coal-rock dynamic disasters based on an electromagnetic radiation and an earth sound , wherein , an electromagnetic radiation sensor and an earth-sound sensor are respectively arranged on a coal body or a rock body for collecting an energy and a pulse number of the electromagnetic radiation , and an energy and a frequency of an earth-sound signal in real time as original data; the method comprises the following steps:step (1), calculating P(t), wherein the P(t) is a weighted average value of a research parameter in a time period, and the P(t) is calculated according to monitoring data collected by an electromagnetic radiation and an earth-sound monitoring system;step (2), calculating D(t), wherein the D(t) is a deviation value of the P(t);{'o': [{'@ostyle': 'single', '|D(t)|'}, {'@ostyle': 'single', '|D(t)|'}, {'@ostyle': 'single', '|D(t)|'}, {'@ostyle': 'single', '|D(t)|'}, {'@ostyle': 'single', '|D(t)|'}], 'step (3), calculating , wherein the is an average value of the , and the is an absolute value of the D(t) during a period of normal mining of a working surface, and ...

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE DETECTION APPARATUS AND INFORMATION ACQUISITION SYSTEM

An electromagnetic wave detection apparatus () includes a separation unit (), first detector (), propagation unit (), second detector (), and blocker (). The separation unit () separates electromagnetic waves propagating in a first direction (d) and propagates the electromagnetic waves in a second direction (d) and a third direction (d). The first detector () detects electromagnetic waves propagated in the second direction (d). The propagation unit () includes pixels (px) along a reference surface (ss). The propagation unit () switches the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves propagated in the third direction (d) and incident on the reference surface (ss) between a fourth direction (d) and a fifth direction (d) at each pixel (px). The second detector () detects the electromagnetic waves propagated in the fourth direction (d). The blocker () blocks at least a portion of the electromagnetic waves propagated in the fifth direction (d). 1. An electromagnetic wave detection apparatus comprising:a separation unit configured to separate electromagnetic waves propagating in a first direction and propagate the electromagnetic waves in a second direction and a third direction;a first detector configured to detect the electromagnetic waves propagated in the second direction;a propagation unit comprising a plurality of pixels arranged along a reference surface, the propagation unit being configured to switch a propagation direction of electromagnetic waves that are propagated in the third direction and are incident on the reference surface between a fourth direction and a fifth direction at each pixel;a second detector configured to detect the electromagnetic waves propagated in the fourth direction; anda blocker configured to block at least a portion of the electromagnetic waves propagated in the fifth direction.2. The electromagnetic wave detection apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the blocker is disposed on a propagation path of electromagnetic waves propagated in the ...

Systems and Methods for Determining Properties of Porous, Fluid-Filled Geological Formations Based on Multi-Frequency Measurements

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a method for determining a wettability of one or more types of solid particles within a geological formation. The method may include receiving a plurality of electromagnetic measurements within a frequency range from an electromagnetic well-logging tool. The method may also include determining a contact angle associated with at least one type of solid particles within the geological formation using the electromagnetic measurements. 1. A method for determining a wettability of one or more types of solid particles within a geological formation , the method comprising:receiving a plurality of electromagnetic (EM) measurements within a defined frequency range from an electromagnetic well-logging tool; anddetermining a contact angle associated with at least one type of solid particle within the geological formation based on the received plurality of EM measurements.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contact angle is determined based on the received plurality of EM measurements using a frequency-dependent complex conductivity claim 1 , a frequency-dependent complex permittivity claim 1 , or both associated with the type of solid particle within the geological formation.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising:providing as an input to a mechanistic model, one or more properties to be determined using the plurality of EM measurements and data indicative of a composition of the geological formation, wherein the one or more properties comprise the contact angle, and wherein the mechanistic model correlates one or more fluid phases, compositions, or both, to the contact angle of the at least one type of solid particle and correlates an interfacial polarization of the at least one type of solid particle to the contact angle of the at least one type of solid particle; andreceiving, as an output generated from the mechanistic model, the frequency range.4. The method of claim 1 , where the at least one type of solid particle comprises ...

Method of Mapping Resistive or Conductive Targets onshore or offshore and an Apparatus for Applying the Method

An apparatus of the marine and onshore controlled source electromagnetic survey and a method of applying the apparatus are related. The apparatus comprises at least one signal transmitter and at least one signal receiver. Each transmitter is a solenoid of finite length, and/or each receiver is a toroid coil. 1. An apparatus of the marine and onshore controlled source electromagnetic survey , comprising at least one signal transmitter and at least one signal receiver , wherein each transmitter is a solenoid of finite length each.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each solenoid is cored with high magnetic permeability material to enhance the transmitting power of the solenoid.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each receiver is a toroid coil.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , wherein each toroid coil is cored with high magnetic permeability material to enhance the signal strength from the toroid coil.5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transmitting current waveform using pulses claim 1 , ramped steps claim 1 , sinusoidal or steps in certain or random frequencies claim 1 , or half sinusoidal.6. A method of the marine and onshore controlled source electromagnetic survey by using at least one signal transmitter and at least one signal receiver claim 1 , wherein each transmitter is a solenoid of finite length.7. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein each solenoid is cored with high magnetic permeability material to enhance the transmitting power of the solenoid.8. The method as claimed in claim 6 , where in each receiver is a toroid coil.9. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein each toroid coil is cored with high magnetic permeability material to enhance the signal strength from the toroid coil.10. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the transmitting current waveform using pulses claim 6 , ramped steps claim 6 , sinusoidal or step in certain or random frequencies claim 6 , or half sinusoidal. The present ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REMOTE ELECTROMAGNETIC EXPLORATION FOR MINERAL AND ENERGY RESOURCES USING STATIONARY LONG-RANGE TRANSMITTERS

A method for measuring the resistivity of geologic formations is described. An electromagnetic field may be generated using at least one stationary long-range transmitter. The frequency of the electromagnetic field may be between and/or including the ULF/ELF range. At least one component of the electromagnetic field may be measured by land, marine, submarine, and/or airborne receiver. A conductivity distribution may be determined based on the at least one measured component. The determined conductivity distribution may be correlated with geological formations and/or hydrocarbon deposits. 1. A method for measuring the resistivity of sea-bed , ice , or geologic formations comprising:generating an electromagnetic field using at least one stationary long-range or short-range transmitter, wherein the electromagnetic field is generated by a transmitter formed by a system of grounded electric bipoles of at least 500 meters in length or formed by a loop of wire with the radius of at least 500 meters, wherein the frequency of the electromagnetic field is between or including the ULF/ELF range;measuring at least one component of the electromagnetic field using at least one mobile underwater receiver that is remotely located from the at least one long-range or short-range transmitter;determining a conductivity distribution based on the at least one measured component; andcorrelating the determined conductivity distribution with geological formations or hydrocarbon deposits.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating an electromagnetic field further comprises generating the electromagnetic field over a plurality of frequencies or in the time domain.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein generating the electromagnetic field in the time domain further comprises using a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generator.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating an electromagnetic field further comprises locating a transmitter on land claim 1 , on the sea ice claim 1 , or in the sea.5. The ...

DISTINGUISHING FALSE SIGNALS IN CABLE LOCATING

Discriminating between a cable locating signal and a false cable locating signal is described. A reference signal, which contains a locating signal frequency impressed on it, is transmitted in a way which provides for detection of a phase shift between the locating signal and the false locating signal. Based on the phase shift, a receiver is used to distinguish the locating signal from the false locating signal. 1. A transmitter as part of a cable locating system for use in a region which contains at least first and second in-ground cables , each of which cables includes an electrically conductive component such that , when the first cable is driven at a locating signal frequency to emit a locating signal in an electromagnetic form , the locating signal is coupled to the second cable in a way which causes the second cable to generate a false locating signal in electromagnetic form , said transmitter comprising:a frequency generator for generating said locating signal frequency for coupling onto the first cable and a reference signal, which includes said locating signal frequency modulated thereon such that the reference signal includes a modulation envelope for distinguishing the locating signal from the false locating signal;a switch selectively coupling the locating signal frequency to the first cable in each one of a plurality of selectable coupling configurations such that the locating signal is subject to a coupling phase shift that varies based on the selected coupling configuration; anda phase shifter for phase shifting the locating signal frequency responsive to the selected coupling configuration such that the locating signal frequency at least approximately matches the phase of the locating signal at least to compensate for the coupling phase shift.2. The transmitter of wherein the switch outputs a selection signal to the phase shifter that is indicative of the selected coupling configuration.3. The transmitter of wherein the plurality of selectable ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS TO ANALYZE RADIO FREQUENCY EMISSIONS FROM DEVICES

Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to measure radio frequency emissions are disclosed. An example measurement device includes an antenna to collect a radio frequency emission signal, a calibrator to convert the received radio frequency emission signal to a far-field signal, a filter to remove a baseline signal from the radio frequency emission signal, and an interface to output the filtered radio emission signal. 1. A measurement device to measure radio frequency emissions , the measurement device comprising:an antenna to collect a radio frequency emission signal;a calibrator to convert the radio frequency emission signal to a far-field signal;a filter to remove a baseline signal from the radio frequency emission signal; andan interface to output the filtered radio emission signal.2. A measurement device as defined in claim 1 , further including an amplifier to amplify the radio frequency emission signal.3. A measurement device as defined in claim 2 , wherein the calibrator is to adjust the amplified radio frequency emissions signal to reverse an effect of the amplifier.4. A measurement device as defined in claim 1 , wherein the filter includes a first filter stage associated with a first frequency range and a second filter stage associated with a second frequency range.5. A measurement device as defined in claim 1 , wherein the calibrator is to adjust the radio frequency emission signal to compensate for signal losses due to at least one of cables and connections of the measurement device.6. A measurement device as defined in claim 1 , wherein the interface is a network interface to transmit the filtered radio emission signal to a remote server via a network.7. A measurement device as defined in claim 1 , wherein the filter is integrated into a case containing the antenna.8. A method to measure radio frequency emissions claim 1 , the method comprising:collecting a radio frequency emission signal with an antenna;converting the radio frequency ...

Work layer imaging and analysis for implement monitoring, control and operator feedback

A soil imaging system having a work layer sensor disposed on an agricultural implement to generate an electromagnetic field through a soil area of interest as the agricultural implement traverses a field. A monitor in communication with the work layer sensor is adapted to generate a work layer image of the soil layer of interest based on the generated electromagnetic field. The work layer sensor may also generate a reference image by generating an electromagnetic field through undisturbed soil. The monitor may compare at least one characteristic of the reference image with at least one characteristic of the work layer image to generate a characterized image of the work layer of interest. The monitor may display operator feedback and may effect operational control of the agricultural implement based on the characterized image.

DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY FOR FILTRATE CONTAMINATION MONITORING DURING FORMATION TESTING

An apparatus for estimating a volume fraction of a formation fluid in a sample having a filtrate contaminant includes: a carrier configured to be conveyed through a borehole; a downhole fluid extraction device disposed at the carrier and configured to extract a sample of a formation fluid through a wall of the borehole; and a dielectric spectrometer and configured to transmit electromagnetic energy into the extracted sample at a plurality of frequencies and to measure a plurality of responses to determine a permittivity of the extracted sample fluid as a function of frequency. The apparatus further includes a processor configured to receive the permittivity of the extracted sample as a function of frequency from the dielectric spectrometer and to estimate the volume fraction of the formation fluid using a permittivity at a selected frequency in the plurality of frequencies for the sample as measured by the dielectric spectrometer. 1. An apparatus for estimating a volume fraction of a formation fluid in a sample having a filtrate contaminant , the apparatus comprising:a carrier configured to be conveyed through a borehole penetrating an earth formation;a downhole fluid extraction device disposed at the carrier and configured to extract a sample of a formation fluid through a wall of the borehole;a dielectric spectrometer disposed at the carrier and configured to transmit electromagnetic energy into the extracted sample at a plurality of frequencies and to measure a plurality of responses to determine a permittivity of the extracted sample fluid as a function of frequency; anda processor configured to receive the permittivity of the extracted sample as a function of frequency from the dielectric spectrometer and to estimate the volume fraction of the formation fluid using a permittivity at a selected frequency in the plurality of frequencies for the sample as measured by the dielectric spectrometer.2. The apparatus according to wherein the processor is further ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DEEP RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT USING COMMUNICATION SIGNALS NEAR DRILL BIT

An apparatus for utilizing a pre-existing telemetry transmitter near a drill bit for transmitting or receiving signals to make measurements of surrounding formation resistivity includes a drill collar, at least two toroidal receiving antennas deployed on the drill collar and spaced at an axial distance from each other for receiving or transmitting signals from or to the telemetry transmitter, at least two receiver modules coupled to the toroidal receiving antennas for processing signals received or to be transmitted from or to the telemetry transmitter and adjusting frequency the receiver modules work at, and a converting module coupled to the receiver modules. The converting module includes a microprocessor for calculating the surrounding formation resistivity and controlling the frequency tuners in the receiver modules. A corresponding method for utilizing a multiple dimensional conversion chart to convert data of measured flow-out current through the formation into data of formation resistivity is also provided. 1. An apparatus for utilizing a pre-existing telemetry transmitter mounted on a drilling string and positioned below a mud motor and near a drill bit for transmitting or receiving signals to make measurements of surrounding resistivity conditions comprising:a drill collar;at least two toroidal receiving antennas deployed on the drill collar and spaced at an axial distance from each other for receiving or transmitting the signals from or to the telemetry transmitter; wherein the signals include difference between electrical signals measured at the two toroidal receiving antennas;at least two receiver modules coupled to the toroidal receiving antennas; wherein the receiver modules include electrical modules for processing the signals received or to be transmitted from or to the telemetry transmitter and frequency tuners to adjust frequency the receiver modules work at;a converting module coupled to the receiver modules; andwherein the converting module ...

System and method to detect anomalies

A system and method for detecting anomalies concealed upon a person may include a detection probe having an electromagnetic transmitter and an electromagnetic receiver. The electromagnetic transmitter is configured to emit electromagnetic pulses, while the electromagnetic receiver is configured to sample electromagnetic pulses from the electromagnetic receiver at specified times within a waveform window. The electromagnetic pulses may span the terahertz spectral region of 0.04 to 4 THz. The system may also have optical fibers connected to the electromagnetic transmitter and electromagnetic receiver, wherein femtosecond laser pulses are directed from a source to the electromagnetic transmitter and the electromagnetic receiver by the optical fibers.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING INFRASTRUCTURE RISK ZONES

A system and a method for determining infrastructure risk zones is disclosed. The system and method may include: receiving, from a radiofrequency (RF) radiation sensor, a first scan of an area, wherein the area at least partially comprises the infrastructure; receiving additional data; filtering electromagnetic noise from the first scan using the additional data; receiving infrastructure location in the area; determining an examination zone around the infrastructure; estimating the amount of clay in soil included in the examination zone, from the filtered scan; calculating soil moisture content at locations in the examination zone, from the filtered scan; and determining location at risk having soil moisture content above a predetermined threshold, wherein the threshold may be determined based on the estimated clay amount. 1. A method of determining infrastructure risk zones , comprising:receiving, from a radiofrequency radiation sensor, a first scan of an area at a first polarization, the first scan including first radiofrequency reflections from the area at a first resolution, the sensor being located at least 50 meters above the area, wherein the area at least partially comprises infrastructure;receiving additional data;filtering electromagnetic noise from the first scan using the additional data; receiving infrastructure location in the area;determining an examination zone around the infrastructure;estimating an amount of clay in soil included in the examination zone, from the filtered first scan;calculating soil moisture content at locations in the examination zone, from the filtered first scan; anddetermining at least one location at risk having soil moisture content above a predetermined threshold, wherein the threshold is determined based on the estimated clay amount.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving topographical data of the area;identifying a drainage divide surrounding at least part of the infrastructure,wherein the examination zone ...

SINGLE-ELEMENT DOOR/WINDOW OPENING DETECTOR

A door/window opening detector including an antenna having at least a first resonant frequency and a second resonant frequency associated therewith, the second resonant frequency being different from the first resonant frequency, the antenna having the first resonant frequency when in proximity to a door/window having a given dielectric constant and the second resonant frequency when not in proximity to a door/window having the given dielectric constant, and an alarm indication generator operable, in response to receiving an indication that a resonant frequency of the antenna has changed from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency, for generating an alarm indication of opening of the door/window. 1. An article proximity indicator comprising:an antenna having at least a first resonant frequency and a second resonant frequency associated therewith, said second resonant frequency being different from said first resonant frequency, said antenna having said first resonant frequency when in proximity to an article having a given dielectric constant and said second resonant frequency when not in proximity to said article having said given dielectric constant;a high-frequency detector operable for generating a direct electrical current corresponding to an intensity of a reflected electromagnetic signal received from said antenna;an analog to digital converter communicating with said high-frequency detector and operable for receiving said direct electrical current corresponding to said intensity of said reflected electromagnetic signal from said high-frequency detector and for converting said direct electrical current into a digital value corresponding to said intensity of said reflected electromagnetic signal; and for receiving said digital value from said analog to digital converter;', 'for ascertaining, based on said digital value corresponding to said intensity of said reflected electromagnetic signal, whether said resonant frequency of said ...

DIRECT RESISTIVITY DETERMINATION

A resistivity profile can be generated directly from measured electromagnetic field data from a marine survey. A series of transformations can be applied to remove a conductivity dependency from a boundary value problem such that an inversion method may no longer be required to generate the resistivity profile. 1. A system , comprising:measured electromagnetic (EM) field data from a marine survey;a transformation engine configured to apply a series of transformations to the measured EM field data to yield a boundary value problem (BVP); and determine a first boundary condition based on at least one of the series of transformations of the measured EM field data and a measurement point;', 'apply the first boundary condition to the boundary value problem;', 'discretize a second boundary condition in depth and frequency; and', 'solve the BVP according to the first boundary condition and the second discretized boundary condition to generate a resistivity profile for at least one source., 'a boundary engine configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the series of transformations comprise:applying a zero order Hankel transformation to a vector potential of the measured EM field data; andapplying a second transformation to the zero order Hankel transformation of the vector potential of the measured EM field data.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the series of transformations comprise:applying a zero-order Hankel transformation to an x-component of a vector potential of the measured EM field data; andapplying a second transformation to the zero-order Hankel transformation of the x-component of the vector potential of the measured EM field data.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the x-component of the vector potential of the measured EM field data is in-line with the at least one source and a towed sensor cable.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the measurement point is on a towed sensor cable or an ocean-bottom cable.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one ...

METHOD FOR REMOVING THE EFFECT OF NEAR SURFACE GALVANIC DISTORTION IN SURFACE TO BOREHOLE EM MEASUREMENTS

A system and method of evaluating and correcting for the effects of a near-surface anomaly on surface-to-borehole (STB) measurement data in a geological halfspace comprises transmitting electromagnetic radiation from an EM source located on a ground surface which is positioned over the near-surface anomaly, measuring EM fields at a plurality of remote EM receivers located on the surface at a far distance from the EM source, obtaining vertical STB measurement data downhole, determining an orientation and moment of a secondary source equivalent dipole associated with the near-surface anomaly excited by the radiation transmitted by the EM source based on measurements of the EM fields at the plurality of remote receivers, determining a correction factor for the secondary source equivalent dipole on the EM field measurements at the plurality of remote receivers, and removing the effects of the near surface anomaly on the vertical STB measurement data using the correction factor. 1. A method of evaluating and correcting for effects of a near-surface anomaly on surface-to-borehole (STB) measurement data in a geological halfspace , the method comprising:transmitting electromagnetic radiation from an EM source located on a ground surface which is positioned over the near-surface anomaly;measuring EM fields at a plurality of remote EM receivers located on the surface and at a far distance from the EM source;obtaining vertical STB measurement data downhole in a borehole located within the halfspace;determining an orientation and moment of a secondary source equivalent dipole associated with the near-surface anomaly excited by the radiation transmitted by the EM source based on measurements of the EM fields at the plurality of remote receivers;determining a correction factor for the secondary source equivalent dipole on the EM field measurements at the plurality of remote receivers; andremoving the effects of the near surface anomaly on the vertical STB measurement data using ...

GRADIENT ANTENNA COILS AND ARRAYS FOR USE IN LOCATING SYSTEMS

Buried object locators including an omnidirectional antenna array and a gradient array are disclosed. A locator display may include information associated with a buried object based on both omnidirectional antenna array signals and gradient antenna array signals. 1. A buried object locator , comprising:a mast;a housing coupled to the mast;a processing element disposed in the housing;a display element disposed on or within the housing; andan antenna node coupled to the mast, the antenna node comprising:an antenna array support structure;an interior omnidirectional antenna array disposed on the antenna array support structure; anda gradient antenna disposed about the omnidirectional antenna array; wherein the centerline of an antenna element of the gradient antenna substantially intersect a center point of the omnidirectional antenna array.2. The locator of claim 1 , wherein the gradient antenna comprises two or more antenna elements and the centerlines of one pair of antenna elements of the gradient antenna array substantially intersect a centerpoint of the omnidirectional antenna array.3. The locator of claim 1 , wherein the gradient antenna comprises four or more antenna elements and the centerlines of two pairs of antenna elements of the gradient antenna array substantially intersect a center point of the omnidirectional antenna array.4. The locator of claim 1 , wherein the gradient antenna comprises four or more outer antenna coils claim 1 , and the locator further includes a central antenna assembly including one or more vertical antenna coils.5. The locator of claim 4 , wherein the vertical antenna coils circumscribe a printed circuit board (PCB).6. The locator of claim 4 , wherein the outer antenna coils and the central antenna assembly are nested in a substantially cylindrical housing.7. The locator of claim 4 , wherein the central antenna assembly includes a plurality of vertical antenna coils.8. The locator of claim 1 , wherein the gradient antenna ...

ENERGY RADIATION GENERATOR WITH BI-POLAR VOLTAGE LADDER

A well-logging tool may include a sonde housing, and a radiation generator carried by the sonde housing. The radiation generator may include a generator housing, a target carried by the generator housing, a charged particle source carried by the generator housing to direct charged particles at the target, and at least one voltage source coupled to the charged particle source. The at least one voltage source may include a voltage ladder comprising a plurality of voltage multiplication stages coupled in a bi-polar configuration, and at least one loading coil coupled at at least one intermediate position along the voltage ladder. The well-logging tool may further include at least one radiation detector carried by the sonde housing. 1. A well-logging tool comprising:a sonde housing; a generator housing,', 'a target carried by said generator housing,', 'a charged particle source carried by said generator housing to direct charged particles at said target, and', a voltage ladder comprising a plurality of voltage multiplication stages with a voltage rating, and', 'at least one loading coil coupled at at least one intermediate position along said voltage ladder;', 'wherein said at least one voltage source has an operating frequency and a voltage efficiency, wherein said operating frequency is adjusted to optimize the voltage efficiency within the voltage rating of the multiplication stages; and, 'at least one voltage source coupled to said charged particle source, said at least one voltage source comprising'}], 'a radiation generator carried by said sonde housing and comprising'}at least one radiation detector carried by said sonde housing.2. The well-logging tool of wherein said at least one loading coil comprises a plurality thereof spaced apart at respective intermediate positions along said voltage ladder.3. The well-logging tool of wherein one of said loading coils is coupled at an intermediate position defined by two-fifths N claim 2 , where N is a number of said ...

Stratigraphic function

A method can include receiving implicit function values at nodes of a coarse mesh of a region of interest in a geologic environment; receiving data: formulating constraints based at least in part on the data; solving a system of equations for a finer mesh subject to the constraints; and outputting implicit function values at nodes of the finer mesh based at least in part on solving the system of equations.

DETECTION OF BURIED ASSETS USING CURRENT LOCATION AND KNOWN BUFFER ZONES

A method on a mobile computing device for locating a buried asset is provided. The method includes receiving a data structure that represents a two dimensional area comprising a buffer zone at an above-surface location, wherein the buffer zone corresponds to a particular buried asset sought by an operator of the device and iteratively executing the following steps: a) calculating an above-surface location of the device; b) determining whether the above-surface location of the device is located within the two dimensional area; c) if the above-surface location is not located within the two dimensional area, displaying a first graphic in a display of the mobile computing device; d) if the above-surface location is located within the area, displaying a second graphic in the display. 1. A method on a mobile computing device for locating electromagnetic signals radiating from a buried asset , the method comprising:receiving a first data structure that represents a two dimensional area comprising a buffer zone at an above-surface location, wherein the buffer zone corresponds to a particular buried asset sought by an operator of the mobile computing device;iteratively executing the following four steps:a) calculating an above-surface location of the mobile computing device;b) determining whether the above-surface location of the mobile computing device is located within the two dimensional area represented by the first data structure;c) if the above-surface location is not located within the two dimensional area, displaying a first graphic in a display of the mobile computing device; andd) if the above-surface location is located within the two dimensional area, displaying a second graphic in the display.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step claim 1 , before the first step of receiving a first data structure claim 1 , comprising:transmitting, via a communications network communicatively coupled with the mobile computing device, a unique identifier for the ...

Device, System and Method for Locating a Pipe

A device, system and method of locating a target pipe in a pipe system utilizes an electric signal transmitter and an electrical signal detector. A pipe locator signal conductor comprises a spool and a flexible insulated electrical conductor wound around the spool. The exposed end of the conductor is fixed near an entry point in the pipe system, and the spool is fed into the pipe system such that the conductor pays off of the spool and extends at least partially through the target pipe. The signal transmitter is coupled to the exposed end of the conductor, transmitting a signal through the conductor and allowing the pipe to be located by the signal detector.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NON-INVASIVE REAL-TIME SUBSOIL INSPECTION

An apparatus for non-invasive subsoil inspection used for verifying the presence of any underground facilities includes a mobile support structure () which can be moved in at least one horizontal direction and which supports antennas (A) adapted to transmit an electromagnetic signal towards the soil and to receive the response echoes. An electronic processing unit is adapted to analyze the data acquired by the antennas and to reconstruct an image of the subsoil portion scanned by the machine. 1. Apparatus for non-invasive subsoil inspection , for verifying a presence of any underground facilities , comprising:a mobile support structure moveable in at least one horizontal direction, and which supports a plurality of antennas for transmitting an electromagnetic signal towards the soil and for receiving response echoes, andan electronic processing unit for analyzing the data acquired by said antennas and for reconstructing an image of the subsoil portion scanned by the machine,said antennas comprising:a first group of antennas including at least one row of antennas with vertical polarization, for detecting any underground facilities arranged transversely to a direction of forward motion of the apparatus,a second group of antennas including at least two rows of antennas with horizontal polarization, for detecting any underground facilities arranged longitudinally with respect to the direction of forward motion of the apparatus.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the rows of antennas have vertical polarization for detecting any underground facilities orthogonal to the direction of forward motion of the apparatus.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a display for displaying said images of the scanned subsoil portion.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said processing unit comprises a storage medium wherein both the measurements taken by the antennas and the reconstructed images can be stored.5. The apparatus according to claim ...

STIMULATING PRODUCTION FROM OIL WELLS USING AN RF DIPOLE ANTENNA

A system emplaced in a subsurface formation configured to produce radio frequency (RF) fields for recovery of thermally responsive constituents includes coaxially disposed inner and outer conductors connected at an earth surface to an RF power source. The inner and outer conductors form a coaxial transmission line proximate said earth surface and a dipole antenna proximate said formation. The inner conductor protrudes from the outer conductor from a junction exposing a gap between the conductors to a deeper position within the formation. The RF power source is configured to deliver, via the conductors, RF fields to the formation. The system also includes at least one choke structure attached to said outer conductor at a distance at least ¼ wavelength above said junction. The choke structure is configured to confine a majority of said RF fields in a volume of said formation situated adjacent to said antenna. 1. A system emplaced in a subsurface formation configured to produce radio frequency (RF) fields in said formation for recovery of thermally responsive constituents , said system comprising:an inner conductor and an outer conductor, said inner and said outer conductors being coaxially disposed tubular conductors connected at an earth surface to an RF power source, said inner and outer conductors forming a coaxial transmission line proximate said earth surface and a dipole antenna proximate said formation, said inner conductor protruding from said outer conductor from a junction exposing a gap between said inner and outer conductors to a deeper position within said formation; said RF power source being configured to deliver, via the conductors, RF fields to said formation; andat least one choke structure attached to said outer conductor at a distance at least ¼ wavelength above said junction, the choke structure being configured to confine a majority of said RF fields in a volume of said formation situated adjacent to said antenna between the depth of said choke ...

COHERENT TRANSMIT AND RECEIVER BI-STATIC ELECTROMAGNETIC GEOPHYSICAL TOMOGRAPHY

Devices and processes provide for geophysical oil, gas, or mineral prospecting and subsurface fluid monitoring, using a controlled source electromagnetic system that transmits a designed probe wave to create images of sub-surface structures and fluids either statically or while in motion. 1. A system for determination of subsurface geophysical data , comprising:a plurality of controlled source electromagnetic receivers, operatively distributed across a surface of the earth and synchronized with each other; and [ a geolocation timing receiver configured to produce a 1 pps clock signal;', 'an oscillator configured to produce a low clock rate signal; and', 'a timing control module configured to remove jitter and phase error from the low rate clock signal, producing a high clock rate clock signal with reduced jitter and phase error relative to the low rate clock signal that is synchronized with the 1 pps clock signal; and, 'a timing circuitry, comprising, 'a probe signal transmitter, coupled to the timing circuitry, configured to transmit a probe signal containing a predetermined binary waveform continuously during transmission., 'a controlled source electromagnetic transmitter operatively positioned relative to the plurality of controlled source electromagnetic receivers and synchronized with each the plurality of receivers, comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined binary waveform is a pseudo-random noise code.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined binary waveform is a Walsh function.4. The system of claim 1 ,wherein the oscillator is an oven controlled oscillator,wherein the low clock rate signal is a 20 MHz or greater clock signal, andwherein the high clock rate signal has a clock rate of greater than 300 MHz.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined binary waveform has a length of greater than 127 chips.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the predetermined binary waveform has a length of at least 8191 chips.7. The system ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM OF USING A DATA WEIGHTED ELECTROMAGNETIC SOURCE FOR TIME-LAPSE MONITORING OF A RESERVOIR PRODUCTION OR HYDRAULIC FRACTURING

A system and a method for time lapse monitoring of a target feature within a rock formation are provided. The system includes a data weighted electromagnetic source configured to generate an electromagnetic field in vicinity or at a surface of the rock formation; and an electromagnetic receiver configured to measure a component of the electromagnetic field generated by the source. The data weighted electromagnetic source includes a plurality of electromagnetic sources and an electromagnetic field contribution from each electromagnetic source is weighted so as to enhance the component of the electromagnetic field measured by the electromagnetic receiver. 1. A system for time lapse monitoring of a target feature within a rock formation , the system comprising:a data weighted electromagnetic source configured to generate an electromagnetic field in vicinity or at a surface of the rock formation; andan electromagnetic receiver configured to measure a component of the electromagnetic field generated by the source,wherein the data weighted electromagnetic source includes a plurality of electromagnetic sources and an electromagnetic field contribution from each electromagnetic source is weighted so as to enhance the component of the electromagnetic field measured by the electromagnetic receiver.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein amplitude claim 1 , phase or both of each electromagnetic field generated by each of the plurality of electromagnetic sources is selected so as to enhance the component of the electromagnetic field measured by the electromagnetic receiver.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein in-phase and out-of-phase of the imaginary part of each electromagnetic field generated by each of the plurality of electromagnetic sources is selected so as to enhance the component of the electromagnetic field measured by the electromagnetic receiver.4. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a processor configured to calculate a difference ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR A TUNNEL DETECTION SYSTEM

Systems and methods are discussed to image lithological data within the strata beneath the earth surface, including a subterranean object detection system. The system may further comprise a pipeline operable to conduct a working fluid and an instrumented pig operable to travel within the pipeline and operable to image lithological strata and voids within the strata beneath and around the pipeline. The instrumented pig may comprise an outer case, a battery coupled to the outer case, a ground imaging unit operable to send a signal to image the lithological strata and voids within the strata beneath and around the pipeline and may be operable to receive a reflected signal indicating lithology data, wherein the ground imaging unit may be operably coupled to the battery. 1. A subterranean object detection system , comprising:a pipeline operable to conduct a working fluid; andan instrumented pig operable to travel within the pipeline and operable to image lithological strata and voids within the strata beneath and around the pipeline, the instrumented pig comprising:an outer case;a battery coupled to the outer case;a ground imaging unit operable to send a signal to image the lithological strata and voids within the strata beneath and around the pipeline and is operable to receive a reflected signal indicating lithology data, wherein the ground imaging unit is operably coupled to the battery.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pipeline comprises at least one preprogrammed magnetic waypoint and wherein the instrumented pig comprises a waypoint detector operable to read global positioning system (GPS) data from the preprogrammed magnetic waypoint.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the instrumented pig further comprises: a signal processor operably coupled to ground imaging unit and to the waypoint detector claim 2 , wherein the signal processor is operable to geocode data gathered from the ground penetrating radar with data received from the waypoint detector.4. The ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR LOCATING IMPLANTED WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICES

A system for locating an implanted device including magnetic coils within a subject is provided. The system includes a magnetic sensor array including a plurality of magnetic sensors, the magnetic sensor array configured to measure a magnetic field generated by the implanted device, and a position detection module communicatively coupled to the magnetic sensor array, the position detection module configured to receive the measured magnetic field from the magnetic sensor array, and calculate a position of the implanted device based on the measured magnetic field. 1. A system for locating an implanted device including magnetic coils within a subject , the system comprising:a magnetic sensor array comprising a plurality of magnetic sensors, the magnetic sensor array configured to measure a magnetic field generated by the implanted device; and receive the measured magnetic field from the magnetic sensor array; and', 'calculate a position of the implanted device based on the measured magnetic field., 'a position detection module communicatively coupled to the magnetic sensor array, the position detection module configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic sensor array comprises six magnetic sensors.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a display device configured to display the calculated position to a user.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic sensor array is configured to be calibrated using measurements acquired from an actual implant.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of magnetic sensors are mounted to a rigid platform.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of magnetic sensors are mounted to a flexible platform.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the position detection module is further configured to transmit the calculated position to another device.8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a position tracking module communicatively coupled to the magnetic sensor array and configured to:store an initial ...

OMNI-INDUCER TRANSMITTING DEVICES AND METHODS

Omnidirectional electromagnetic signal inducer (omni-inducer) devices are disclosed. The omni-inducer device may include a housing, which may include a conductive base for coupling signals to ground, and an omnidirectional antenna node including a plurality of antenna coil assemblies, where the node may be disposed on or within the housing. The omni-inducer device may further include one or more transmitter modules for generating ones of a plurality of output signals, which may be generated at ones of a plurality of different frequencies, and one or more control circuits configured to control the transmitters and/or other circuits to selectively switch the ones of the plurality of output signals between ones of the plurality of antenna coil assemblies. 1. A omni-inducer device , comprising:a housing;an omnidirectional antenna node including a plurality of antenna coil assemblies;a transmitter module for generating ones of a plurality of output signals at a plurality of different frequencies; anda control circuit configured to selectively switch the ones of a plurality of output signals between ones of the plurality of antenna coil assemblies.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the antenna coil assemblies include a single antenna coil.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of single antenna coils are configured in a substantially orthogonal orientation relative to each other.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the single antenna coils are configured in a spherical shape about a support structure assembly.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the antenna coil assemblies include a primary antenna coil and a second antenna coil.6. The device of claim 5 , wherein the primary antenna coils are configured in a substantially orthogonal orientation relative to each other.7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the secondary antenna coils are configured in a substantially orthogonal orientation relative to each other.8. The device of claim 6 , wherein the primary and ...

Method and system using radiometric volumetric data for detecting oil covered by ice

A method for detecting an oil mass covered by ice includes collecting radiometric data different frequencies, corresponding to respective different depths into the ice, using at least one airborne platform moved about a search area above the ice so that the radiometric data defines radiometric volumetric data. The radiometric volumetric data is processed to thereby detect an oil mass covered by the ice.

SUBTERRANEAN MAPPING SYSTEM INCLUDING ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT AND RELATED METHODS

A subterranean mapping system may include at least one electrically conductive element associated with a subterranean formation having a passageway therein. The subterranean mapping system may also include a radiofrequency (RF) source coupled to the at least one electrically conductive element to generate an electromagnetic (EM) field in the subterranean formation. The subterranean mapping system may also include a subterranean mapping device configured to be carried along a path of travel within the passageway and while sensing the EM field versus time. 1. A subterranean mapping system comprising:at least one electrically conductive element associated with a subterranean formation having a passageway therethrough;a radiofrequency (RF) source coupled to said at least one electrically conductive element to generate an electromagnetic (EM) field in the subterranean formation; anda subterranean mapping device configured to be carried along a path of travel within the passageway and while sensing the EM field versus time.2. The subterranean mapping system of claim 1 , further comprising a controller to be coupled to said subterranean mapping device and configured to map the path of travel based upon the sensed EM field.3. The subterranean mapping system of claim 1 , wherein said subterranean mapping device comprises:a portable housing;a plurality of antennas carried by said portable housing;a receiver coupled to said plurality of antennas and configured to sense a plurality of phase and amplitude components of the EM field; anda memory coupled to said receiver and configured to store the plurality of phase and amplitude components.4. The subterranean mapping system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one electrically conductive element comprises a pair of spaced apart electrically conductive elements.5. The subterranean mapping system of claim 4 , wherein said RF source comprises:a shunt coupled between said pair of electrically conductive elements; andan RF generator ...

MAGNETIC RANGING USING MULTIPLE DOWNHOLE ELECTRODES

A magnetic ranging system, in some embodiments, comprises: a wellbore in a formation; a conductive casing in said wellbore; and excitation and return electrodes electrically coupled to the conductive casing, the excitation electrode positioned downhole relative to the return electrode, the excitation and return electrodes generating a current in the casing, said current resulting in an electromagnetic signal that propagates through said formation toward a sensor in another wellbore. 1. A magnetic ranging system , comprising:a wellbore in a formation;a conductive casing in said wellbore; andexcitation and return electrodes in said wellbore electrically coupled to the conductive casing, the excitation electrode positioned downhole relative to the return electrode, the excitation and return electrodes generating a current in the casing, said current resulting in an electromagnetic signal that propagates through said formation toward a sensor in another wellbore.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the return electrode couples to surface equipment using a first wire claim 1 , and wherein the excitation electrode couples to the surface equipment using a second wire.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein at least parts of the first and second wires are co-located within a single insulated sheath.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein at least parts of the first and second wires are intertwined.5. The system of claim 2 , wherein the second wire mechanically couples to the return electrode.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the second wire mechanically couples to the return electrode using a coupling device external to said return electrode.7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the second wire mechanically couples to the return electrode by passing through an orifice in said return electrode.8. The system claim 1 , wherein the current is a direct current or an alternating current having a frequency greater than 0 Hertz and less than or equal to 200 Hertz.9. The system of claim 1 , ...

SCREENING DEVICE

According to one embodiment, a screening device includes a first antenna configured to transmit a first microwave to a subject to generate a second microwave and a third microwave, the second microwave being generated by a diffraction of the first microwave at the subject, the third microwave being a part of the first microwave passing the subject, and a second antenna configured to receive the second microwave in a first period and to receive the third microwave in a second period. 1. A screening device , comprising:a first antenna configured to transmit a first microwave to a subject to generate a second microwave and a third microwave, the second microwave being generated by a diffraction of the first microwave at the subject, the third microwave being a part of the first microwave passing the subject; anda second antenna configured to receive the second microwave in a first period and to receive the third microwave in a second period.2. The device according to claim 1 , whereinthe second antenna does not receive the second microwave in the second period,the second antenna does not receive the third microwave in the first time.3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein a transmitter configured to generate the first microwave; and', 'a transmitting antenna part connected with the transmitter, the transmitting antenna part being configured to irradiate the first microwave., 'a first antenna includes4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein 'a movable part; and', 'a first antenna includesthe first antenna is movable in a vertical direction or a lateral direction by movable part.5. The device according to claim 4 , wherein a variable directional antenna part configured to receive the second microwave and the third microwave;', 'a receiver connected with the variable directional antenna; and, 'the second antenna includesthe variable directional antenna selectively receives the second microwave and third microwave output from first antenna by changing a receiving ...

THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIRECTIONAL TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC DETECTION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MINING BOREHOLE

Disclosed is a three-dimensional directional transient electromagnetic advanced detection device, wherein the CPU and the bus communication end of the transient electromagnetic transmitting module are both connected to the system bus, the signal output end of the transient electromagnetic transmitting module is connected to the transient electromagnetic transmitting coil outside the borehole to be detected, the signal input end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module is connected to the signal output ends of the three-dimensional magnetic field sensor and the one-dimensional Z-directional electric field sensor, the signal output end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module is connected to the electromagnetic signal input end of the SCM, the communication end of the first memory is connected to the data storage end of the SCM, the communication end of the three-dimensional electronic compass is connected to the compass signal communication end of the SCM, the host data communication of the SCM is connected to the second optical cable port of the local host through the first optical cable port and the optical cable. The device can detect harmful geological bodies such as aquifer and water-conducting channels and make a intensive and effective detection forecast. 1123621222232425262711115171117151765232122232426242724241612516. A three-dimensional directional transient electromagnetic advanced detection device for mining borehole , wherein the device comprises a local host () , a probe () , an optical cable () , an electromagnetic transmitting coil () , a three-dimensional magnetic field sensor (.) in the probe () , a one-dimensional Z-directional electric field sensor (.) , an electromagnetic signal receiving module (.) , a SCM (.) , a first optical cable port (.) , a first memory (.) , and a three-dimensional electronic compass (.) , and the local host () comprises a CPU (.) , a system bus (.) and a transient electromagnetic transmitting module (.) , ...

ANNULAR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER, IN PARTICULAR FOR MICROWAVE-BASED DISTANCE SENSORS

An annual directional coupler having at least three taps, which are each arranged relative to one another around routes having a wavelength difference of ¼ of a wave guide wavelength, includes in particular at least two branch lines, wherein a first branch line has at least three taps and wherein the at least second branch line does not have any taps and is supplemented by an additional route corresponding to the wave guide wavelength. 1505515650665. Annular directional coupler having at least three taps which are each arranged relative to one another around routes having a wavelength difference of ¼ of a wave guide wave length , comprising at least two branch lines , wherein a first branch line has at least three taps and wherein the at least second branch line does not have any taps and is supplemented by an additional route ( , , , ) corresponding to the wave guide wavelength.2500505520. Directional coupler according to claim 1 , wherein the routes arranged relative to one another between the taps having a wavelength difference of ¼ of the wave guide wavelength and the additional routes are formed by T-pads ( claim 1 , claim 1 , ).3520. Directional coupler according to claim 2 , wherein the T-pads each have a capacitor () between a wave guide and an ground potential.4. Directional coupler according to claim 3 , wherein the directional coupler is tunably formed by means of the capacitors.5405. Directional coupler according to claim 1 , wherein the additional routes corresponding to the wave guide wavelength are calculated by means of a Mo matrix for a lossless wave guide () and the matrix product Mo=MMM. Applicant claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of German Application No. 10 2016 118 025.4 filed Sep. 23, 2016, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.The invention is based on a directional coupler, in particular suitable for microwave-based distance sensors.A microwave-based distance sensor having a directional coupler emerges from DE 10 2009 055 ...

Dual-radiation non-ferrous metal prospecting system

Methods and apparatus for a Dual Emission Non-Ferrous Metal Prospecting System are disclosed. One embodiment comprises methods and apparatus for finding metal deposits in the Earth, and then determining whether these metal deposits are ferrous or non-ferrous. One embodiment includes an Electromagnetic Quartz Penetrator. The Electromagnetic Quartz Penetrator includes a transmitter, a receiver, antennas and a first signal processor. One embodiment also includes an Omni-Directional H Field Metal Exciter and Sensor. The Omni-Directional H field exciter produces an output which has a spatial dissipation rate proportional to a factor of 1/r, and, therefore, has a relatively short range compared to the Electromagnetic Plane. 1. An apparatus comprising:an electromagnetic quartz penetrator; said electromagnetic quartz penetrator including a transmitter and a receiver;said receiver including a signal processor;said electromagnetic quartz penetrator being aimed at a two-dimensional surface of the Earth;said electromagnetic quartz penetrator transmitter generating an Electromagnetic Plane Wave having mutually orthogonal electric and magnetic field components;{'sup': '2', 'said planar wave being aimed generally orthogonally to said two-dimensional surface of the Earth, and having a spatial dissipation rate proportional to a factor of 1/r;'}said planar wave being used to identify a relatively small three-dimensional volume of Earth adjacent to said two-dimensional surface;said three-dimensional volume of Earth being identified as containing a deposit of metal by said electromagnetic quartz penetrator;said planar wave causing a reflection from said deposit of metal which is captured by said receiver;said receiver including said signal processor for interpreting said reflection from said deposit of metal;said receiver including a display for indicating the approximate spatial coordinates of said deposit of metal from said two-dimensional surface of the Earth;an H field metal ...

POLARIZATION CHANGE DETECTION

An object detection system uses a change in a linear polarization statistic between a first image at a first time and a second image at a second time to determine the presence or the likelihood of an object beneath a surface. The presence of the object may be determined by regions of anomalously high changes in the polarization statistic. The system may use a polarization change detection detector which may simultaneously capture images in multiple polarization channels. Further, the polarization change detection detector may be coupled with a laser interferometry system. 1. A system for detecting an object below a surface , the system comprising:{'sub': 1', '2, 'a polarization change detection (PCD) detector that captures a first image of the surface at a first time (T) and a second image of the surface at a subsequent second time (T); and'}{'sub': 1', '2', '1', '2, 'a processor in operative communication with the PCD detector to determine a degree of linear polarization (DOLP) of the first image at Tand a DOLP of the second image at T, wherein the surface changes from Tto Tand the processor determines a statistic associated with the DOLP.'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the PCD detector comprises:logic operative to convert different circular or elliptical polarization states into linear polarization states distinguishable by DOLP.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the PCD detector comprises:a co-polarization channel; anda cross-polarization channel;wherein the PCD detector consists of only a single imager and the co-polarization channel is a first portion of the single imager and the cross-polarization channel is a second portion of the single imager.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprisinga polarized light source coupled with the PCD detector to illuminate the surface with polarized electromagnetic radiation.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the polarized light source comprises:a laser transmitter generating a polarized laser beam directed at the ...

Proximity sensor and keyless entry device including the same

In a proximity sensor including a circuit board on which a detection circuit is printed, and a first drive electrode and a lock electrode mounted on one surface of the circuit board and electrically connected to the detection circuit, the first planar drive electrode and the planar lock electrode are formed in a standing manner on one surface of the circuit board to face each other. A second planar drive electrode and a planar unlock electrode are formed in a standing manner on the other surface of the circuit board to face each other. The proximity sensor is used in a keyless entry device of vehicle, and the controller that controls driving of an actuator for locking or unlocking a vehicle door based on detection of the proximity sensor determines that the proximity sensor is turned on when decrease in output of the proximity sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ASPHALT DENSITY AND SOIL MOISTURE MEASUREMENTS USING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR

Systems and methods for ground penetrating radar for determining thickness, density and moisture are therefore provided. According to an embodiment, a ground penetrating radar (GPR) system comprises a system controller configured to produce an electromagnetic signal for signal penetration of a pavement material. Further, the GPR system comprises a frequency modulated continuous wave controller. Further, the GPR system comprises an ultra wide band (UWB) antenna coupled to the system controller, wherein the UWB antenna is configured to transmit the produced electromagnetic signal to the pavement material and receive the electromagnetic signal as a reflection from the pavement material. Further, the system controller is further configured to receive the electromagnetic signal from the UWB antenna. 1. A ground penetrating radar system comprising:a system controller configured to produce an electromagnetic signal for signal penetration of a pavement material;a frequency modulated continuous wave controller; andan ultra wide band (UWB) antenna coupled to the system controller, wherein the UWB antenna is configured to transmit the produced electromagnetic signal to the pavement material and receive the electromagnetic signal as a reflection from the pavement material; andwherein the system controller is further configured to receive the electromagnetic signal from the UWB antenna.2. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , wherein a permittivity probe is mounted on to the antenna and in contact with the surface for ground truth data and reducing thickness errors.3. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , wherein the system controller is further configured to determine thickness of the pavement material based on the received electromagnetic signal reflected from the pavement material.4. The ground penetrating radar system of claim 1 , wherein the system controller is further configured to attain at least one of a relative or absolute dielectric constant of ...

PATIENT PROXIMITY-MODULATED SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE

A method of operating a magnetic resonance imaging system () with regard to adjusting a radio frequency excitation field Bto be applied to a subject of interest () to be imaged, the method comprising steps of—determining at least one position parameter (d) that is indicative of a position of at least the portion of the subject of interest () relative to at least one radio frequency transmit antenna () of the magnetic resonance imaging system (); and—adjusting at least one radio frequency power-related parameter of radio frequency power to be fed to the at least one radio frequency transmit antenna () in dependence of at least one out of the determined at least one position parameter (d) and a determined geometric dimension (w) of the subject of interest (); and—a magnetic resonance imaging system () having a proximity detection unit (), including at least one proximity detector (D), and a control unit (), wherein the control unit () is configured to carry out steps of such a method. 1. A method of operating a magnetic resonance imaging system with regard to adjusting a radio frequency excitation field B1 to be applied to a subject of interest to be imaged , the magnetic resonance imaging system being configured for acquiring magnetic resonance images of at least a portion of the subject of interest , the method comprising steps ofdetermining at least one position parameter that is indicative of a position of at least the portion of the subject of interest relative to at least one radio frequency transmit antenna of the magnetic resonance imaging system; andadjusting at least one radio frequency power-related parameter of radio frequency power to be fed to the at least one radio frequency transmit antenna in dependence of at least one out of the determined at least one position parameter and a determined geometric dimension of the subject of interest.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of determining the at least one position parameter is carried out by ...

REGISTERED MULTI-LAYER UNDERGROUND AND SURFACE IMAGES IN LAND SURVEYS

A method of land surveying that electronically registers together multi-layer underground and surface images of a surface volume with buried utilities and other infrastructures. Such method further comprises assembling and presenting the combition to a device in the field that visually guides crews in their safe digging of the ground nearby. The orienting, scaling, and registering of a first image layer is to a standardized orientation and scaling on a map of a photograph of a land surface from a zenith point in space above. Then the orienting, scaling, and registering of a second image layer is made to the standardized orientation and scaling on the map. This layer is a result of an ground penetrating radar investigation of buried objects point-by-point in an immediate search area of a corresponding ground surface. Underground buried objects and utilities are thereby located to make safe digging nearby. 1orienting, scaling, and registering a first image layer to a standardized orientation and scaling on a map of a photograph of a land surface from a zenith point in space above;orienting, scaling, and registering a second image layer to the standardized orientation and scaling on the map a result of an investigation of buried objects point-by-point in an immediate search area of a corresponding ground surface radio illuminated by a radio broadcast transmitter in the 500-kHz to 1,000-kHz band transmitting from a location outside an immediate search area;orienting, scaling, and registering a third image layer to the standardized orientation and scaling on the map any results of an investigation of sensing together short-wavelength reflections of 100-MHz to 2,000-MHz and long-wavelength scattering of the electro-magnetic radio energy of the radio broadcast transmitter from buried objects underneath in layered soils with a surface-based measurement of buried-object signals using at least a phase-coherent elimination of ground surface reflection noise of at least sixty ...

DIFFERENTIAL TARGET ANTENNA COUPLING (“DTAC”) DATA CORRECTIONS

The present invention features a unique system of interdependent methods to greatly improve data acquired via the Differential Target Antenna Coupling (“DTAC”) method, which transmits electromagnetic (“EM”) fields and measures the primary EM field and the secondary EM fields generated in subsurface targets. These new data correction techniques provide improvements, in orders of magnitude, to the measured DTAC response accuracy. This improvement allows for greater depth of investigation, improved target location, and enhanced target characteristics. 2104114. The method of claim 1 , wherein a linear motion control of the x-axis linear adjustment () and the y-axis linear adjustment () is motorized.3102112102112. The method of claim 1 , wherein a calibration of the x-axis receiver-coil () and the y-axis receiver-coil () is performed such that the x-axis receiver-coil () and the y-axis receiver-coil () are aptly coupled to the transmitter-coil claim 1 ,{'b': 102', '112', '102', '112', '102', '112', '102', '112, 'wherein the x-axis receiver-coil () and the y-axis receiver-coil () are aptly coupled to the transmitter-coil when the orientation of the x-axis receiver-coil () and the y-axis receiver-coil () are shifted about 6° off the null-coupling orientation, wherein said shift effectively maintains a coupling of the x-axis receiver-coil () and the y-axis receiver-coil (), as well as a near-null coupling of the transmitter-coil with the x-axis receiver-coil () and y-axis receiver-coil ().'}6. The method of claim 5 , wherein each corrected in-phase EM field claim 5 , comprising an in-phase response and a quadrature response claim 5 , is calibrated by:{'sub': x', 'y', 'x', 'y, '(a) adjusting a magnitude, or a real part, of a gain response of a receiver, operatively coupled to the receiver antenna, until an in-phase component of a Band Borthogonality corrected field at an original primary EM field value and an in-phase component of the Band Borthogonality corrected field at a ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING A RELATIVE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT AND DETECTION METHOD FOR GROUND EMBEDDED OBJECTS

A method for determining a relative dielectric constant of a ground to be searched for mines using a detector including at least one detection coil and a ground penetrating radar including at least one transmitter antenna and at least one receiver antenna and a detection method for detecting metal and non-metal objects in a ground using a mine detector including a metal detector and a ground penetrating radar, wherein the metal detector includes at least one detection coil with a coil plane which is moved parallel to the ground during detecting, and wherein the ground penetrating radar includes an antenna arrangement including at least one transmitter antenna and at least one receiver antenna. The method according to the invention for determining a relative dielectric constant enables a user to calibrate the detector quickly and in a known manner with respect to ground properties of the ground to be searched. 1. A method for determining a relative dielectric constant of a ground to be searched for metal and non-metal objects; the method comprising the steps:using a detector including at least one detection coil and a ground penetrating radar including at least one transmitter antenna and at least one receiver antenna;performing measurements of a characteristic section of the ground to be searched by the detector emitting a transmission signal through the at least one transmitter antenna and receiving a reception signal through the at least one receiver antenna and measuring an elapsed time between emitting the transmission signal and receiving the reception signalin a first position with the detector oriented away from the ground with a side of the detector that is active for the search, andin a second position with the detector contacting the ground with the side of the detector that is active for the search;determining a first mean signal velocity from a signal run time through air and through a direct signal path in the detector between the transmitter antenna ...

COLLECTING AND TRANSMITTING CONTROL SOURCE ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALS

Concurrently measuring, correlating, and processing magnetic and electric field data includes measuring base band signals, and then up-converting those band signals to a higher frequency for filtering, while at the same time preserving phase and amplitude information. All timed elements in the system are rigorously synchronized. The increased data set results in improved signal-to-noise ratio and information correlation. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. A method , comprising:placing a plurality of receiver systems on a surface of the earth to form a receiver matrix;placing a controlled source electromagnetic transmitter on the surface of the earth;synchronizing the plurality of receiver systems and the transmitter;detecting changes in electric and magnetic fields of sub-surface formations induced by a controlled source electromagnetic pulse; andreducing noise in signals received by the plurality of receiver systems.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein synchronizing the plurality of receiver systems and the transmitter comprises:synchronizing the plurality of receiver systems and the transmitter to a GPS signal.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein synchronizing the plurality of receiver systems and the transmitter comprises:synchronizing the plurality of receiver systems and the transmitter to an atomic clock.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein reducing noise in signals received by the plurality of receiver systems comprises:up-converting received signals at a received frequency to a higher frequency;filtering noise in the up-converted received signals to produce filtered signals; anddown-converting the filtered signals from the higher frequency to the received frequency.7. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:detecting an air wave; andattenuating the signals received by the plurality of receiver systems until the air wave has passed.8. A system claim 3 , comprising: timing circuitry configured to synchronize the receiver to a common time source, and', frequency up- ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF UNDERGROUND WATER DETECTION

Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of determining underground liquid (e.g., water) content. Embodiments of the method may include: receiving a scan of an area at a first polarization, the scan scans including reflections from the area. Embodiments of the invention may include receiving an additional data. Embodiments of the method may further include filtering electromagnetic noise from the scan using the additional data. Embodiments of the method may further include creating a water roughness map based on typical roughness values of various types of water sources and the filtered scan, identifying a first type of water sources using the water roughness map and the filtered scan and calculating the water content at locations in the area based on the identified first type of water sources. 1. A method of determining underground water content , comprising:receiving, from a radiofrequency radiation sensor, a first scan of an area at a first polarization, the first scan including first radiofrequency reflections from the area at a first resolution, the sensor being attached to an object located at least 50 meters above the area;receiving additional data;filtering electromagnetic noise from the first scan using the additional data;creating a map based on typical electromagnetic reflections from a set of types of water sources and the filtered first scan;identifying a first type of water source using the map and the filtered first scan; andcalculating the underground water content at locations in the area based on the identified first type of water sources.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the additional data comprises at least a second scan of the area at a second polarization claim 1 , the second scan including second radiofrequency reflections from the area at a second resolution claim 1 , the second scan being from the first sensor.3. The method of claim 1 , thither comprising converting the first and second radiofrequency reflections from grey ...

MARINE DATA ACQUISITION NODE

Disclosed are systems and methods for marine geophysical surveying. An example system an electromagnetic source configured to emit an energy field into a body of water; a marine data acquisition node comprising: a base having a buoyancy such that the base is configured to float in a body of water; a geophysical sensor coupled to the base; a weight configured to anchor the marine data acquisition node to a water bottom; and a line connected between the weight and the base configured to prevent the base from floating to a surface of the body of water. 1. A marine data acquisition node , comprising:a base having a buoyancy such that the base is configured to float in a body of water;a geophysical sensor coupled to the base;a weight configured to anchor the base to a water bottom; anda line connected between the weight and the base configured to prevent the base from floating to a surface of the body of water.2. The marine data acquisition node of further comprising an arm coupled to the base claim 1 , wherein the arm comprises a receiver electrode configured for contact with water.3. The marine data acquisition node of further comprising sensor electronics disposed within the base and electrically coupled to the receiver electrode.4. The marine data acquisition node of further comprising a buoyant material coupled to the base.5. The marine data acquisition node of claim 1 , wherein the base is configured to float above the water bottom.6. The marine data acquisition node of further comprising a release mechanism coupled to the line.7. The marine data acquisition node of further comprising a ballast material disposed within the base.8. The marine data acquisition node of further comprising a spool coupled to the base claim 1 , wherein the line is at least partially wound on the spool.9. The marine data acquisition node of further comprising a plurality of spools coupled to the base and a plurality of weights coupled to the plurality of spools.10. A marine ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPRESSION OF THE AIRWAVE IN SUBSEA EXPLORATION

The far zone “airwave” that arises when surveying subsea formations is greatly diminished by deployment of the transmitter combining mutually orthogonal horizontal electric and magnetic dipoles with the electric and magnetic dipole moments being locked in a special relationship. At each of the operating frequencies, the amplitude and phase characteristics of the transmitter electric and magnetic dipole moments are determined either from a supplementary measurement earned out using natural and/or controlled field sources, or by minimization of the vertical magnetic field at a remote receiver. Similar results can be obtained when data acquired in two independent surveys—one with the horizontal electric dipole transmitter pointing in one direction and another with a horizontal magnetic dipole transmitter pointing in the orthogonal direction and towed over the same or close positions—are linearly combined to minimize the vertical component of the combined magnetic field at remote receivers. 1. A “Low-B” transmitter for marine electromagnetic , surveying or monitoring comprising:an electric dipole combined with a magnetic dipole, which has the horizontal component of its magnetic dipole moment orthogonal to the direction of the horizontal component of the current dipole moment of the electric dipole, and which varies in time in accordance with the law assuring suppression of the vertical magnetic field at large horizontal separations from the transmitter either within the operational time window or at each operating frequency chosen for surveying.2. A method of marine electromagnetic surveying or monitoring using receivers of the electric and/or magnetic fields acquiring components of the electromagnetic field induced by a “low-B” transmitter of .3. A method of marine surveying or monitoring claim 1 , and processing of the electric and/or magnetic fields comprising:acquisition of at least two sets of electromagnetic data such that positions of the transmitter and ...

Shoe scanning system for full-body scanner and method for retrofitting a full-body scanner

The invention concerns a shoe scanning system for a full-body scanners canning an individual before access to a restricted access area. The system comprises a detection unit ( 10 ) comprising: a detector for sensing a metal and/or unauthorized object located above a surface ( 111 ) onto which the individual can walk; a communication unit for transmitting a message to an indication unit for providing instructions to the individual and/or to an assistant; and a processing unit connected to the detector by a data link for receiving data and controlling the communication unit for sending a detection signal when the detector indicates a presence of a metal and/or unauthorized object. The detector comprises a short-range sensing element ( 122 ) and a long-range sensing element ( 123 ) for detecting a metal and/or unauthorized object up to a maximal distance ( 1231 ) greater than the maximal distance of the short-range sensing element.

DOWNHOLE DETECTION

A method for use in or for detecting a downhole feature in a well comprises transmitting an electromagnetic signal from a first position located substantially at or adjacent to surface through a first space to the downhole feature. The method further comprises receiving an electromagnetic signal at a second position located substantially at or adjacent to surface after reflection of the transmitted electromagnetic signal from the downhole feature and after propagation of the reflected electromagnetic signal through a second space. The method may comprise sealing the well before transmitting the electromagnetic signal. Such a method may be used to detector determine a distance from surface to a downhole feature such as a fluid interface in a completed production, injection or observation well. 1. A method for use in or for detecting a downhole feature in a well , the method comprising:transmitting an electromagnetic signal from a first position located substantially at or adjacent to surface through a first space to the downhole feature;receiving an electromagnetic signal at a second position located substantially at or adjacent to surface after reflection of the transmitted electromagnetic signal from the downhole feature and after propagation of the reflected electromagnetic signal through a second space.2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:sealing the well before transmitting the electromagnetic signal.3. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:installing completion infrastructure in the well and/or at a head of the well or wellhead before transmitting the electromagnetic signal.4. A method as claimed in claim 3 , comprising:installing a valve or valve arrangement at a head of the well or wellhead before transmitting the electromagnetic signal.5. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:installing a Christmas tree at a head of the well or wellhead before transmitting the electromagnetic signal.6. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising: ...

GAIN COMPENSATED SYMMETRIZED AND ANTI-SYMMETRIZED ANGLES

A method for making downhole electromagnetic logging while drilling measurements includes rotating an electromagnetic logging while drilling tool in a subterranean wellbore. The logging tool includes a plurality of transmitter antennas and a plurality of receiver antennas symmetrically spaced along a logging while drilling tool body, the plurality of transmitter antennas including at least one axial transmitter antenna and at least one transverse transmitter antenna. The plurality of receiver antennas includes at least one axial receiver antenna and at least one transverse receiver antenna. The receiver antennas are used to acquire electromagnetic voltage measurements while rotating. The voltage measurements are processed to compute harmonic voltage coefficients, selected ratios of which are processed to compute gain compensated symmetrized and anti-symmetrized quantities and angles. These quantities may optionally be further processed to compute rotated gain compensated symmetrized and anti-symmetrized quantities. 1. A method for making downhole electromagnetic logging while drilling measurements , the method comprising(a) rotating an electromagnetic logging while drilling tool in a subterranean wellbore, the logging tool including a plurality of transmitter antennas and a plurality of receiver antennas symmetrically spaced along a logging while drilling tool body, the plurality of transmitter antennas including at least one axial transmitter antenna and at least one transverse transmitter antenna, the plurality of receiver antennas including at least one axial receiver antenna and at least one transverse receiver antenna.(b) acquiring a plurality of electromagnetic voltage measurements from the plurality of receiver antennas while rotating in (a);(c) processing the voltage measurements acquired in (b) to compute harmonic voltage coefficients;(d) processing ratios of selected ones of the harmonic voltage coefficients to compute gain compensated symmetrized and anti ...

METHOD FOR DETECTING A PARASITIC METAL OBJECT ON A CHARGING SURFACE, AND ASSOCIATED CHARGING DEVICE

A method for detecting a foreign metal object, by way of a charging device, including a microcontroller and a transmitting circuit, having at least one transmitting antenna, which are suitable for charging a portable item of user equipment placed on a charging surface at an operating frequency, the method including a) transmitting a predetermined number of voltage pulses at the terminals of the transmitting antenna, at a parasitic resonant frequency, the parasitic resonant frequency being different and distinct from the operating frequency; b) determining an oscillating frequency of the transmitting circuit; c) if the oscillating frequency is higher than the parasitic resonant frequency, then a foreign metal object is detected on the charging surface. 1. A method for detecting a foreign metal object , by way of a charging device , comprising a microcontroller and a transmitting circuit , said transmitting circuit comprising at least one transmitting antenna , which are suitable for charging a portable item of user equipment placed on a charging surface at an operating frequency , the method comprising:a) transmitting a predetermined number of voltage pulses at the terminals of the transmitting antenna, at a parasitic resonant frequency, said parasitic resonant frequency being different and distinct from the operating frequency,b) determining an oscillating frequency of the transmitting circuit, andc) if the oscillating frequency is higher than the parasitic resonant frequency, then a foreign metal object is detected on the charging surface.2. The detection method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , if the oscillating frequency is lower than the parasitic resonant frequency claim 1 , then a portable item of user equipment to be charged is detected on the charging surface.3. The detection method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , if the transmitting circuit is oscillating at a second resonant frequency when the frequency of the transmitting circuit is ...

System and Method Using Near and Far Field ULF and ELF Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar for Subsurface Imaging

This invention relates to devices and processes for geophysical prospecting, subsurface fluid monitoring and, more particular, to the use of interferometric techniques using Control Source Electromagnetic (“CSEM”) and Magnetoturelic (“MT”) signals to create images of sub-surface structures and fluids.

SUB-SURFACE IMAGING OF DIELECTRIC STRUCTURES AND VOIDS VIA NARROWBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC RESONANCE SCATTERING

Subsurface imaging with information of shape, volume, and dielectric properties is achieved with low frequencies and a ramp waveform. The low frequencies have a lower attenuation compared to the penetration losses of radar frequencies. The technique operates at wavelengths which are comparable to the object or void being imaged, and can be applied to detect and image underground aquifers, magma chambers, man-made tunnels and other underground structures. 1. A method comprising:generating electromagnetic waves in a wavelength range, the electromagnetic waves having a plurality of orthogonal linear polarizations;transmitting, by a transmitter, the electromagnetic waves to an object to be imaged; anddetecting, by a receiver and at each polarization of the plurality of orthogonal linear polarizations, electromagnetic waves scattered by the object,wherein:the object is located below ground,the transmitter and the receiver are located above ground, andthe wavelength range comprises wavelengths between 0.2 and 3 times a perimeter or lateral dimension of the object.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic waves scattered by the object are resonant electromagnetic waves.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising calculating resonant wavelengths of the object claim 1 , and wherein the generating the electromagnetic waves comprises generating the electromagnetic waves at the resonant wavelengths.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the object is embedded in a lossy dielectric material.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the object is void.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising taking a ratio of two polarizations of the plurality of orthogonal linear polarizations claim 1 , thereby cancelling attenuation losses.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying a constant threshold to determine if the object is present or not.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the object is embedded in a lossy dielectric material claim 7 , and further comprising ...

WORKFLOW ADJUSTMENT METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR LOGGING OPERATIONS

In an embodiment a method of automatic adjustment of logging, processing, inversion, and visualization operations is disclosed. The method comprises gathering data about formation properties in a database, filtering the gathered data, generating rules based on the filtered data, and providing automatic adjustments to automatically adjust the logging, processing, inversion, and visualization operations. The gathered data includes a plurality of in-well measurement points and a plurality of wells in a given geological area. A quality factor is derived based on a difference between the automatic adjustments and parameters that an operator communicates as a best parameter. The quality factor is used to determine which of the gathered data is to be stored in the database. The rules are applied to a next iteration of data that is to be gathered. The method repeats until no further improvement is obtained. 1. A method of automatic adjustment of logging , processing , inversion , and visualization operations , the method comprising:gathering data about formation properties in a database that includes a plurality of in-well measurement points and a plurality of wells in a given geological area;filtering the gathered data;generating rules based on the filtered data; and a quality factor is derived based on a difference between the automatic adjustments and parameters that an operator communicates as a best parameter,', 'using the quality factor to determine which of the gathered data is to be stored in the database,', 'applying the rules to a next iteration of data that is to be gathered, and', 'repeating until no further improvement is obtained., 'providing automatic adjustments to automatically adjust the logging, processing, inversion, and visualization operations, wherein2. The method of wherein the automatic adjustments are selected from the group consisting of:selecting a synthetic antenna tilt angle to minimize undesired signals while optimizing for signal from layers ...

SOIL MEASUREMENT SYSTEM USING WIRELESS SIGNALS

A soil measurement system is provided, comprising a soil surveying device, a radio receiver, a plurality of subterranean antennas, and a processor. The soil surveying device comprises a wireless radio transmitter configured to emit a wireless signal at a predetermined bandwidth in a predetermined spectrum. The plurality of subterranean antennas are in an array electronically connected to the radio receiver and configured to be mounted in a subterranean environment at different depths in the subterranean environment. Each of the plurality of subterranean antennas is configured to receive the wireless signal at a respective point in time. The processor is configured to determine a relative time of flight of the received wireless signal between the plurality of antennas at the respective point in time, and estimate a soil permittivity based on the determined relative time of flight. The measurement system may be applied to materials other than soil, in some examples. 1. A soil measurement system , comprising:a soil surveying device comprising a wireless radio transmitter configured to emit a wireless signal at a predetermined bandwidth in a predetermined spectrum;a radio receiver;a plurality of subterranean antennas in an array electronically connected to the radio receiver and configured to be mounted in a subterranean environment at different depths in the subterranean environment, wherein each of the plurality of subterranean antennas is configured to receive the wireless signal at a respective point in time; and determine a relative time of flight of the received wireless signal between the plurality of subterranean antennas at the respective point in time; and', 'estimate a soil permittivity based on the determined relative time of flight., 'a processor configured to2. The soil measurement system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit the estimated soil permittivity via a wireless or wired connection to a downstream computing device.3 ...

DIFFERENTIAL TARGET ANTENNA COUPLING (DTAC) DATA CORRECTIONS

The present invention features a unique system of interdependent methods to greatly improve data acquired via the Differential Target Antenna Coupling (“DTAC”) method, which transmits electromagnetic (“EM”) fields and measures the primary EM field and the secondary EM fields generated in subsurface targets. These new data correction techniques provide improvements, in orders of magnitude, to the measured DTAC response accuracy. This improvement allows for greater depth of investigation, improved target location, and enhanced target characteristics. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a measured background in-phase EM field value and a quadrature EM field value are selected based on geophysical or geological information claim 1 , wherein the measured background in-phase EM field value and the quadrature EM field value are subtracted before calculating a DTAC response.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein a varying background is calculated from one or more measured EM fields surrounding a postulated subsurface target claim 2 , wherein the varying background is found by numerically fitting a set of data associated with a measured EM field away from claim 2 , and on claim 2 , one or more sides of the postulated subsurface target with a polynomial line or a polynomial surface claim 2 , wherein removal of the varying background effectively removes a background response of the subsurface imaging and detection system.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein a single optimum local average background level claim 2 , satisfying known subsurface target properties claim 2 , is determined and utilized to remove a background response of the subsurface imaging and detection system.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein a known target claim 2 , having a near-zero DTAC response claim 2 , is used to determine a background response of the subsurface imaging and detection system.7104114. The system of claim 6 , wherein a linear motion control of the x-axis linear adjustment () and the y-axis linear ...

METHOD FOR DISCOVERING UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE BY DETECTING TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD IN COMBINATION WITH MAGNETIC FIELD GRADIENT

A method for discovering an unexploded ordnance in a target area includes: acquiring first feedback signals respectively corresponding to detection regions, the first feedback signals being first induced electromotive force signals; judging whether there is any abnormal signal in the first feedback signals, if there is the abnormal signal, determining the detection region corresponding to the abnormal signal is an abnormal region; acquiring second feedback signals respectively corresponding to detection sites in the abnormal region, the second feedback signals being magnetic field gradient signals; acquiring third feedback signals respectively corresponding to the detection sites, the third feedback signals being second induced electromotive force signals; acquiring location information of the detection sites; obtaining a feature spatial distribution map of the abnormal region; and judging whether there is any unexploded ordnance in the abnormal region according to the feature spatial distribution map. 1. A method for discovering an unexploded ordnance in a target area , the method comprising:partitioning the target area into a plurality of detection regions;acquiring a plurality of first feedback signals respectively corresponding to the plurality of detection regions, the first feedback signals being first induced electromotive force signals;judging whether there is a abnormal signal in the first feedback signals, and when there is the abnormal signal, determining the detection region corresponding to the abnormal signal is an abnormal region;arranging a plurality of detection sites in the abnormal region;acquiring second feedback signals respectively corresponding to the plurality of detection sites, the second feedback signals being magnetic field gradient signals;acquiring third feedback signals respectively corresponding to the plurality of detection sites, the third feedback signals being second induced electromotive force signals;acquiring location ...

DETECTION OF BURIED ASSETS USING CURRENT LOCATION AND KNOWN BUFFER ZONES

A method on a mobile computing device for locating a buried asset is provided. The method includes receiving a data structure that represents a two dimensional area comprising a buffer zone at an above-surface location, wherein the buffer zone corresponds to a particular buried asset sought by an operator of the device and iteratively executing the following steps: a) calculating an above-surface location of the device; b) determining whether the above-surface location of the device is located within the two dimensional area; c) if the above-surface location is not located within the two dimensional area, determining whether a locating function of a component coupled with the mobile computing device is enabled, and if so, disabling the locating function; d) if the above-surface location is located within the area, determining whether the locating function of the component is disabled, and if so, enabling the locating function. 1. A method on a mobile computing device for locating electromagnetic signals radiating from a buried asset , the method comprising:receiving a first data structure that represents a two dimensional area comprising a buffer zone at an above-surface location, wherein the buffer zone corresponds to a particular buried asset sought by an operator of the mobile computing device;iteratively executing the following four steps:a) calculating an above-surface location of the mobile computing device;b) determining whether the above-surface location of the mobile computing device is located within the two dimensional area represented by the first data structure;c) if the above-surface location is not located within the two dimensional area, determining whether an electromagnetic locating function of a component communicatively coupled with the mobile computing device is enabled, and if so, disabling the electromagnetic locating function of the component; andd) if the above-surface location is located within the two dimensional area, determining whether ...