КОММУТАТОР НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ С ЗАЩИТОЙ ОТ ПЕРЕГРУЗКИ ПО ТОКУ

Коммутатор напряжения с защитой от перегрузки по току, содержащий датчик тока, электронный ключ, первый и второй релейные элементы, одновибратор, элемент И, триггер и элемент ИЛИ, при этом выход датчика тока соединен с входом электронного ключа и входами первого и второго релейных элементов, выходы которых подключены соответственно к первому входу элемента ИЛИ и первому входу элемента И, второй вход которого соединен с инверсным выходом одновибратора, подключенного своим входом к входу включения коммутатора и S - входу триггера, выход которого соединен с входом управления электронного ключа, a R - вход триггера соединен с выходом элемента ИЛИ, второй вход которого подключен к входу выключения коммутатора, а третий вход элемента ИЛИ соединен с выходом элемента И, отличающийся тем, что в него дополнительно введены задатчик напряжения, операционный усилитель, транзистор, эталонный и ограничительный резисторы и индикатор, выход которого соединен с выходом триггера, вход включения коммутатора ...

Цифровое устройство для управления стабилизированным конвертером

Изобретение относится к электротехнике и может найти применение при создании источников вторичного электропитания радиоэлектронной аппаратуры. Целью изобретения является повышение качества выходного напряжения конвертера Цифровое устройство для управления стабилизированным конвертером содержит задающий генератор 4, выходом подключенный к первому двоичному счетчику 5, логический компаратор 6, RS-триггер 8, выход которого предназначен для подключения к управляющему входу конвертера. Выход фильтра 3 конвертора подключен к первым входам четырех компараторов 9-12, вторые входы которых подключены к соответствующим точкам резистивного делителя 14 напряжения . Выходы третьего 11 и четвертого 12 компараторов подключены к входам первого элемента 2 ИЛИ 19, выходом подключенного к входу первого элемента 2 И 20. второй вход которого соединен со счетным входом второго двоичного счетчика 21, S- входом RS-триггера 8 и выходом последнего разряда первого двоичного счетчика 5 Выход элемента 2 И 20 подключен ...

Устройство для управления @ -фазным импульсным регулятором постоянного напряжения

Сущность изобретения: устройство для управления rrt-фазным импульснь-м регулятором постоянного напряжения содержит задающий генератор 1, m широтно-импуль- сных модуляторов 2,3,4, m-фазный распределитель импульсов, m формирователей управляющих сигналов 9,10,11. 5 ил.

FAHRZEUGMONTIERTE SIGNALGENERATORSCHALTUNG UND FAHRZEUGMONTIERTE STROMVERSORGUNGSEINRICHTUNG

Es wird eine Lehre vorgestellt, gemäß welcher eine Periodendauer eines PWM-Signals geändert werden kann und ein Tastverhältnis eines PWM-Signals näher an ein Solltastverhältnis gebracht werden kann.Wenn in einer Signalgeneratorschaltung 1 eine Ein-Zeit, die auf einem idealen Tastverhältnis D1, das ein Wert ist, in welchem ein durch die Solltastverhältnis-Festlegeinheit 102 festgelegtes Solltastverhältnis Da widergespiegelt ist, und auf einem durch eine Periodendauer-Festlegeinheit 105 festgelegte Periodendauer-Festlegwert Ts basiert, als eine erste Ein-Zeit ty1 festgelegt ist und ein Wert, der basierend auf einer vorbestimmten Auflösung aus mehreren potenziellen Festlegwerten ausgewählt ist und der ersten Ein-Zeit ty1 am nächsten liegt, als eine zweite Ein-Zeit ty2 festgelegt ist, erzeugt eine Ausgangstastverhältnis-Festlegeinheit 104 einen Periodendauer-Anpasswert derart, dass ein angepasstes Verhältnis (ein Verhältnis der zweiten Ein-Zeit ty2 zu dem Periodendauer-Anpasswert, der durch ...

Digitalsteuerung für DC/DC-Spannungswandler

Eine Ausführungsform eines Schaltwandlers, der eine Leistungsstufe umfasst, der eine Eingangsspannung zugeführt ist zum Umwandeln in eine Ausgangsspannung und zum Bereitstellen eines Laststroms an eine Last, welche im Betrieb an die Leistungsstufe gekoppelt ist. Die Leistungsstufe umfasst eine Spule, welche einen Spulestrom führt, und einen digitalen Regler, der dazu ausgebildet ist, die Ausgangsspannung mithilfe eines pulsweitenmodulierten (PWM) Signals, welches der Leistungsstufe zugeführt ist, auf einen Pegel zu regeln, welcher nahe einer Referenzspannung ist.

Strom-Controller für induktive Last

Ein Strom-Controller schließt eine Pulsbreitenmodulationssignal-Ausgabeschaltung, eine Sägezahnwellensignal-Erzeugungsschaltung, eine Befehlswert-Glättungsschaltung, eine Erfassungswert-Verstärkungsschaltung, eine Abweichungsintegrierschaltung und eine Stromsteuerschaltung ein. Die Stromsteuerschaltung steuert einen Strom, der durch ein Solenoid geschickt wird, auf der Grundlage eines Sägezahnwellensignals, das die gleiche Periode wie jene des Pulsbreitenmodulationssignals aufweist, und eines Erfassungssignals, das von der Abweichungsintegrierschaltung erzeugt wird.

DIGITAL-ANALOG-WANDLER

Digital-Analog-Wandler (350) für einen Strommodus-Wandler (100), der umfasst:einen Spannungs-Strom-Wandler (333);eine erste Wandlerschaltung (320), die einen ersten Teil-DAC umfasst und dazu ausgelegt ist, ein während eines Schaltzyklus konstant bleibendes und zeitkontinuierliches Signal zu erzeugen; undeine zweite Wandlerschaltung (330), die dazu ausgelegt ist, ein sich über den Schaltzyklus kontinuierlich veränderndes Signal zu erzeugen, wobeidie zweite Wandlerschaltung (330) einen zweiten Teil-DAC (331), der dazu ausgelegt ist, ein Diskretwertsignal zu erzeugen, und eine Wellenform-Erzeugungsschaltung, die mit dem zweiten Teil-DAC (331) gekoppelt ist, umfasst, wobeidie Wellenform-Erzeugungsschaltung dazu ausgelegt ist, das Diskretwertsignal in das sich kontinuierlich verändernde Signal umzusetzen, wobeidie Wellenform-Erzeugungsschaltung ein einem Schalter (11) des Strommodus-Wandlers (100) nachgebildetes Element (332) und einen Kondensator (334) umfasst, wobeidas nachgebildete Element ...

EXCITATION CURRENT CONTROL DEVICE FOR AUTOMOTIVE ELECTROMAGNETIC CLUTCH

Power converter

Power factor correction for an AC-DC power supply

A controller (fig 3, 15) measures and stores input voltage, output voltage, output current and the supply cycle period over a predetermined time span. These values are used to determine controller characteristics which are applied to control the output (fig 3, S) of the power factor correction circuit over a future time span. The circuit may include a rectifier (fig 3 BR1) one or two inductor(s) (fig 3, L) controlled by switch(es) (fig 3, 20) in boost or fly-back mode. In the case of two switched inductors these are arranged in parallel with a common output and may be operated, one at a time in a pulsed fashion. The predetermined time span may be a half-cycle of the supply (fig 3, 12) and the input voltage may be sampled four or more times over that period by means such as an analogue to digital converter. A timer may be used to measure the supply cycle period. The future time span may be one full cycle ahead of the time span during which the stored values are measured.

ON-CHIP CMOS BRIDGE CIRCUIT

DIRECT CURRENT DIRECT CURRENT TRANSDUCER

SWITCHING CONFIGURATION FOR THE ENTERPRISE OF A LOAD FROM A A.C. MAINS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE HIGH VOLTAGE PRODUCTION

SCHALTUNGSANORDNUNG ZUM BETRIEB EINER LAST AUS EINEM WECHSELSTROMNETZ

ALL DIGITAL POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

POWER CONVERTER CIRCUITRY AND METHOD

POWER CONVERTER FOR ENGINE GENERATOR

A power converter (56) for an engine generator includes an insulative support that receives and supports circuit components for converting incoming AC power to desired power, such as power suitable for a welding application. One or more rectifier modules (64) are provided that are received and supported by the support. Three such modules (64) may be provided for receiving three phase power from a generator. DC power from the rectifier module (64) is applied to DC bus plates. The plates may be coupled to capacitors. A power conversion circuit, such as a buck converter, is coupled to the DC bus plates to convert the DC power to output power.

System and method for highly phased power regulation

SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL UTILIZING DIGIDAL COMPARISON TECHNIQUES TO PULSE WIDTH MODULATE CONDUCTION THROUGH A SWITCHING DEVICE

PROGRAMMABLE GATE CONTROLLER SYSTEM AND METHOD

Controlling power switches with a programmable gate controller system proximate associated power switches and remote from the central controller including sensing at least one predetermined condition local to the associated power switches; reporting the sensed conditions to the remote programmable gate controller system; developing, in response to the sensed condition at least one control signal in the remote programmable gate controller system; and applying the control signal to the associated power switches ...

VOLTAGE CONVERTER CONTROL APPARATUS, VOLTAGE CONVERSION METHOD, STORAGE MEDIUM, PROGRAM, DRIVE SYSTEM, AND VEHICLE HAVING THE DRIVE SYSTEM

By using a target voltage Vc* of a capacitor connected to the output side of a DC/DC converter and a voltage Vb of a battery connected to the input side of the DC/DC converter, a duty ratio D (Vb/Vc*) as a drive instruction of the DC/DC converter is calculated (S100, S102). By using the voltage Vb, the electromotive force Vbo of the battery, and the charge/discharge current Ib of the battery, an internal resistance Rb ((Vbo - Vb)/Ib) is calculated (S104). According to the internal resistance Rb and the electromotive force Vbo, the current value (value Vbo/2Rb) when the battery output becomes maximum is set as the upper limit value of the optimal current range IR (S106). the DC/DC converter is driven/controlled by limiting the duty ratio D so that the current Ib is within the range of the optimal current range IR (S108, S110, S112). Thus, it is possible to appropriately convert the battery input voltage.

Voltage elevating circuit for use with photocell includes control circuit and reference voltage regulating switching transistor operating with self inductance

The circuit uses an inductance to raise the 0.3 v supply from a single cell to approximately 1 v to operate the watch circuit. In the voltage elevating circuit, the voltage on the terminals of the photoelectric source (1) is controlled as a function of a reference voltage (Vref) which is chosen to correspond to the peak of the power-voltage curve of this source. The reference voltage generated in the reference voltage generator (9) is compared to the voltage (Vsc) of the source. The result of this comparison is sampled and influences the cyclical ratio of a control signal (Fc) applied to a switching transistor (7). The switching transistor is arranged to cut the current flowing from the source towards the load (accumulator 6), via a self-inductance (4) and a diode (5).

Device for controlling power transmitted by power source e.g. lithium-ion-battery for charging cell phone, has feedback terminal connected with terminal of amplifier, where voltage at feedback terminal is equal to reference voltage

The device has a direct current-direct current converter (3) for controlling of output voltage of a power source, and a current sensor (20) formed at an input of the power source to detect immediate power variation. A controller (22) modifies the voltage of the power source and measures changes associated with the power. The controller allows implementation of search algorithm of maximum power point. A voltage feedback terminal (7) is connected with a negative terminal of an operational amplifier (9), where voltage at the feedback terminal is equal to reference voltage at an equilibrium point. An independent claim is also included for a method for searching a power source maximum instantaneous power point based on a device.

Electronic Apparatus, System Power Supply, And Voltage Feeding Method

An electronic device provided with a system main unit including a load powered by operational voltage. A system power supply unit, connected to the system main unit, supplies the load with the operational voltage. The system main unit includes a memory circuit for storing initial value data containing a set value for setting the operational voltage of the load. A main unit communication circuit reads the initial value data from the memory circuit and transmits the initial value data to the system power supply unit. The system power supply unit includes a power supply communication circuit for communicating with the main unit communication circuit to receive the initial value data. A voltage generation circuit generates voltage corresponding to the set value.

Programme -controlled direct current boost circuit of waterwheel formula

Switching power supply system

Digit level shifting circuit , half -bridge predrive ware, half -bridge be driver chip and brushless direct -current motor control system in advance

Power safety start -up system

Low-power-consumption and low-current sharing system

Power converter for detecting oscillation of output voltage

Constant frequency second-order sliding mode control system and control method for Buck DC-DC converter

Welding power supply with digital control of duty cycle

Switch power parallel most all will flow digital control method and circuit

DC to DC converter having controller and control method thereof

The invention provides a DC to DC converter having a controller, including a pair of switches comprising a high side switch and a low side switch and a controller comprising: a resistive element connected with the switching node of the DC to DC converter; the current level through the resistive element may be responsive to a state of the high side switch and said low side switch; the controller further comprising may further include ramp generation circuitry responsive to the current level through the resistor to provide a ramp signal, and pulse width modulation (PWM) circuitry configured to generate a PWM signal in response to at least the ramp signal. The controller of the invention generates the corresponding PWM signal according to the situation of the input voltage and output voltageof the DC to DC converter, thereby controlling the state of the switch of the DC to DC converter and causing the DC to DC converter to normally and highly effectively work.

Synchronous sampling single bit switch mode power supply

Method for managing electric power in car, involves calculating target voltage of generator, and finding voltage setpoint and current setpoint based on efficiency calculations and analyzed conditions of use of vehicle and on-board network

L'invention concerne un procédé de gestion de l'énergie électrique d'un véhicule automobile (1) équipé d'une architecture électrique (2) comprenant un ou plusieurs stockeurs d'énergie électrique (3), un générateur (5) à tension de consigne continue modulable, un réseau de bord (6), un ou plusieurs convertisseurs continu/continu réversibles (4) raccordés par un point d'entrée (E) à un stockeur d'énergie (3) et par un point de sortie (S) au générateur (5) et au réseau de bord (6), des moyens de contrôle (7) permettant de piloter une tension de consigne du générateur (5) et le fonctionnement du ou de chacun des convertisseurs (4) soit en mode passant, soit en mode ouvert, soit en mode élévateur ou abaisseur de tension du point de sortie (S) par rapport au point d'entrée (E) ou soit en mode élévateur ou abaisseur de tension du point d'entrée (E) par rapport au point de sortie (S).

SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY (SMPS) AND METHODS THEREOF

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to switched-mode power supply (SMPS) circuits and methods thereof. The SMPS circuit receives information related to a future load change. For example, the information may be received at a decoder (e.g., a serial bus interface (SBI) decoder) from a microprocessor or microcontroller, such as a mobile station modem (MSM). The SMPS circuit may include an analog-to-digital converter configured to sample an output voltage of the SMPS circuit to determine a time when the future load change occurs. The SMPS circuit may further include a transient recovery circuit (TRC) for stabilizing the output voltage based on the received information when the future load change occurs. For example, the TRC calculates a duty cycle used to transition states of switches of the SMPS circuit to compensate for the future load change. COPYRIGHT KIPO & WIPO 2010 ...

Charge pump circuit and method thereof

A charge pump circuit includes a charging capacitor, a plurality of pumping capacitors, a charging circuit, and a pumping circuit. The charging circuit is configured for charging the charging capacitor when the charge pump circuit is under a charging phase; and the pumping circuit is configured for coupling the charging capacitor charged in the charging phase to a pumping capacitor to generate an output voltage level at the pumping capacitor according to a potential difference stored in the charging capacitor, when the charge pump circuit is under a pumping phase.

Regulation/Bypass automation for LDO with multiple supply voltages

Regulation/Bypass automation for a low drop-out regulator (LDO) with multiple supply voltages is disclosed. In some implementations, a LDO includes a resistor, a pass transistor having a source, a gate, and a drain to output a voltage Vout, the source coupled to a supply voltage, the gate coupled to an output of an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), and the drain coupled to a first terminal of the resistor; a feedback switch having a drain, a gate, and a source, the drain coupled to a second terminal of the resistor, the source coupled to a negative input of the OTA; and an pull-down transistor having a drain, a gate, and a source, the source coupled to ground, and the drain coupled to the negative input of the OTA, wherein the gate of the pull-down transistor and the gate of the feedback switch are configured to receive a bypass signal.

MICRO-CONVERTER FOR TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICES POWER SUPLLY FROM SOLAR PANELS

Micro-converter for telecommunication devices power supply from solar panels is one of the static converters of DC voltage to DC voltage designed for uninterruptible power supply of consumers from solar panels using a battery and electric generator with fuel tank and rectifiers. Micro-converter is realized in "boost" topology with: synchronous switch (Q2) in the output, circuit for losses reduction while switching the main switch (Q1) on, and a special circuit that turns the main switch off at a voltage close to 0V and reduces switch off losses. This circuit consists of a resonant circuit with inductor (L3) and capacitor (C2), a winding coupled with "boost" converter inductor (L14) and diodes (D2, D3). Micro-converter is controlled by a microcontroller which keeps the operating point of the solar panel at the maximum power point (MPP) until the micro-converter's output voltage reaches maximum value. This maximum voltage is set over serial communication by a CPU that controls battery voltage ...

Mixed-signal control apparatus of modulation system

METHOD FOR REGULATING A VOLTAGE AND CIRCUIT THEREFOR

A voltage regulator (10) having an undervoltage protection circuit 11 and a method for protecting against an output voltage out being less than a predetermined level. The voltage regulator has an undershoot limitation circuit (11) coupled between a feedback network (30) and a regulation section (42). A power factor correction circuit (46) is connected to the regulatio section. An output voltage out from the power factor correction circuit (46) is fed back to the feedback network (30), which transmits a portion of the output voltage to the undershoot limitation circuit (11). If the output voltage is greater than the predetermined voltage level, a switching circuit portion (34) of the undershoot limitation circuit (11) transmits a normal control signal to the regulation circuit (42). If the output voltage is less than the predetermined voltage level, the switching circuit portion transmits an enhanced control signal to the regulation circuit. The enhanced control signal quickly brings the ...

AN ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER FOR CONTROL OF A DC-DC POWER SUPPLY

The present application provides a tunable compensator providing a control signal to control a switch in a power supply. A measurement is taken of the level of activity of the control signal. This measurement is used to introduce a bias into a tuner tuning the compensator when the amount of activity in the control signal drops.

CIRCUITS AND METHODS PROVIDING HIGH EFFICIENCY OVER A WIDE RANGE OF LOAD VALUES

An apparatus and method are disclosed for providing efficient operation in a feedback loop having a synchronous buck converter. The synchronous buck converter includes a plurality of individually selectable phases, where each of the phases has a plurality of individually selectable and parallel switching legs. The circuit stores information that associates multiple different load values with respective configuration settings that each define a number of phases and a number of switching legs. As the load changes, the circuit measures the load and selects an appropriate configuration setting. The circuit applies the selected configuration setting to operate the number of phases and a number of parallel switching legs in the buck converter.

IMPROVED WINDOW COMPARATOR WITH ACCURATE LEVELS FOR USE IN DC-DC CONVERTERS

The present invention relates to a improved feedback circuit for generating a quantized control signal representing the relation of a signal to be controlled relative to predetermined limits of at least one error signal window, the circuit comprising signal detecting means, a detected signal connected to error amplifying means for amplifying the error between the detected signal and a first reference signal, the output error signal of the error amplifying means connected to at least a first comparator means and second comparator means each configured to compare the error signal with one of the upper limit and lower limit of the at least one error signal window. The invention provides a circuit and method by which only one accurate comparator is needed and for the error windows only simple, inaccurate comparators can be used. Thus, accuracy of the distance between the defined error window levels is much more fixed because it is primary determined by mismatch of resistors and not by the offset ...

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE OPTIMIZED FOR CONTROLLING SWITCHED MODE POWER SUPPLY

A switched mode power supply comprises a first switch coupled to an input power source, a second switch coupled to ground, and an output filter coupled to a phase node defined between the first and second switches. The first and second switches are responsive to a pulse width modulated signal to thereby regulate power provided to the output filter. A controller is provided in a feedback loop that monitors operation of the first and second switches and delays activation of one of the first and second switches to preclude simultaneous conduction. The controller comprises at least one delay control circuit adapted to delay delivery of the pulse width modulated signal to at least one of the first and second switches. The delay control circuit detects a phase difference between state transitions of the first and second switches and provides a delay corresponding to a magnitude of the phase difference.

CMOS DIGITAL PULSE WIDTH MODULATION CONTROLLER

A CMOS digital PWM controller chip (10) includes a clock generator (14) for directly generating a sampling clock at a frequency higher than a control pulse rate without requiring a phase locked loop, an oversampling analog-to-digital converter (24) clocked by the sampling clock for converting error signals into filtered digital values, an output for controlling duty cycle of an electrical device in accordance with width-modulated digital control pulses supplied at the control pulse rate, and, digital control logic for generating the width-modulated digital control pulses in relation to the digital values. The digital control logic may include a linear feedback shift register to pseudo-randomize the digital control pulses to reduce electromagnetic interference.

SWITCH-MODE POWER SUPPLY WITH ENHANCED CURRENT SOURCE CAPABILITY

A switch-mode power supply includes an input port, an output port, and a power train operably connected to the input port and the output port. The power train includes at least one inductor and at least one switching device. The switch-mode power supply further includes a control logic configured to periodically calculate a current equivalent to current through the at least one inductor and further configured to control operation of the power train at least in part by switching the at least one switching device based on the calculated current.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HIGHLY PHASED POWER REGULATION

A highly phased power regulation (converter) system having an improved control feature is provided. A controller, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, receives digital information from a plurality of power conversion blocks and transmits control commands in response to the information. The controller is able to change the mode of operation of the system and/or re-phase the power blocks to accommodate a dynamic load requirement, occasions of high transient response or detection of a fault. In one embodiment, a microprocessor receives digital information and converted power from one or more power blocks. In this manner, the microprocessor is able to receive feedback on its own operation. The controller is also able to anticipate and predict conditions by analyzing precursor data. In this manner, the controller is able to modify the system as needed in anticipation of the forthcoming event.

DIGITAL REGULATION OF POWER CONVERTERS USING PRIMARY-ONLY FEEDBACK

Switching power converters for regulating voltage (Vout) at an output of a load (24) include digital control circuitry (70) for sensing an output voltage feedback signal (VAUX), comparing the sensed feedback signal to a reference (VREF) at a determined time during a cycling of the switch (Q1); and regulating the output voltage by either enabling or inhibiting cycling of a switch by a cycle of a drive signal produced by pulse generation circuitry in response to the comparison.

Peak Current Servo

The proposed disclosure combines peak-mode monitoring with valley-mode control, in a Buck switching converter, by means of a peak-current sampling circuit, not to turn the high side device off, but to control a slow loop, which in turn controls a variable offset incorporated into the loop control current. This helps the loop control current define the exact peak current, regardless of what other offsets, compensation ramp or peak-to-peak current ripple, are applied to the loop control current. The peak current is determined by an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), whose maximum current is clamped to a programmed value. The loop control current is most likely implemented using a digital successive approximation register (SAR) system, but may also be implemented using a slow analog control loop.

Frequency control circuit, control method and switching converter

A frequency control circuit, applied in a switching converter, can be configured to: regulate an off time of a power transistor of the switching converter in one switching cycle according to an on time of the power transistor, or regulate the on time of the power transistor in one switching cycle according to the off time of the power transistor; and maintain an operating frequency of the switching converter to be within a predetermined range.

DC/DC CONVERTER

An error amplifier amplifies a difference between a feedback signal VFB that corresponds to an output voltage VOUT of a DC/DC converter and its target value VREF, so as to generate an error signal VERR. A pulse width modulator for each channel is configured as a peak current mode modulator comprising a PWM comparator that compares a current detection signal VIS with the error signal VERR, and a logic circuit. When the number of enabled channels is switched, a soft shedding circuit selects at least one channel as a correction target channel. The soft shedding circuit generates a correction signal VCORR for each correction target channel, and superimposes each correction signal VCORR on at least one of two inputs of the corresponding PWM comparator.

System and method for energy monitoring

A system and method for monitoring energy use in an electronic device. In one embodiment, an energy monitoring system includes a processor and an energy monitor module. The energy monitor module includes instructions that when executed cause the processor to receive values of measured parameters of a pulse signal that controls the switching of energy to an energy storage device in a switch mode power supply that provides power to an electronic device. The instructions also cause the processor to determine, based on the values of measured parameters, attributes of operation of the electronic device powered by the energy source during an interval corresponding to the measured parameters. The instructions further cause the processor to generate, based on the attributes of operation, a control signal that causes the electronic device to change the loading of the power supply by the electronic device.

Control multiplexor for a switch mode power supply

A digital circuit directs operation of a pulse width modulation or pulse frequency modulation controller varying its control between closed loop and open loop topology. An exemplary control plant could embody a step-down switch mode power supply providing a precise sequence of voltages or currents to any of a variety of loads such as the core voltage of a semiconductor unique compared to its input/output ring voltage. A state machine monitors pulse width or pulse frequency from the pulse width modulation or pulse frequency modulation controller, respectively, while either type of controller operates in its closed loop topology, to determine if the present power state of the system matches the predicted load as characterized from a predetermined model used in conjunction with design automation tools. The state machine averages pulse widths or pulse frequencies monitored in the closed loop topology. If the average deviates from the predicted pulse width or pulse frequency for the present ...

HIGH EFFICIENCY DC-DC CONVERTER USING PULSE SKIPPING MODULATION WITH PROGRAMMABLE BURST DURATION

A DC-DC converter and method of improving the efficiency of a DC-DC converter at low load current levels using pulse skipping modulation (PSM) with controllable burst duration NTclk, where Tclk is the clock cycle interval. As the average load current increases, the time between bursts decreases so that average inductor current matches the load current. The burst duration is kept around NTclk by controlling the duty cycle of the output switches. The higher the load current, the higher is the duty cycle of the output switches. No current sensing is needed. The optimum burst duration for best efficiency curve is a function of the load capacitor.

DC-DC switching regulator with switching rate control

A DC--DC switching regulator which converts a supplied DC voltage VDD to a DC output voltage VOUT for driving a load using a DC--DC buck converter operated with fixed-width pulses VX at an instantaneous switching rate ni. The regulator has a feedback for computing a subsequent switching rate ni+1 based on the instantaneous switching rate ni, an output frequency fOUT derived from output voltage VOUT by a ring oscillator and a desired frequency fDES provided by a frequency signaling device or a frequency signaling port of the load. By altering the desired frequency fDES the load communicates its power needs. The regulator can be used in the low-power regime and at high power levels.

Method and computer program product for improved transient response

A method and computer program product for use in a control system. The controller includes a first gain element configured to provide a first predetermined gain to an output error signal describing an error in the output of the control system; a compensator including a control loop including a storage element, the control loop receiving the output error signal, a second gain element configured to provide a second predetermined gain to the output of the control loop, and a detector configured to modify the contents of the storage element according to a predetermined adjustment value when a minimum predetermined excursion occurs in the output error signal; and a combiner configured to combine the outputs of the first and second gain elements to produce an output control signal for the control system.

Digital pulse width modulator circuit with proportional dither

System and method for digitally generating a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal with dither based on a command signal, the signal having a pulse width proportional to the command signal. In the preferred embodiment, the PWM signal with proportional dither energizes a load, such as a variable force solenoid, with a desired electrical current. The system includes a base signal generator for generating a base signal having a pulse width which is based on a command signal representing the desired electrical current. The system also includes a dither signal generator for digitally generating a dither signal having a pulse width proportional to the command signal, and a summer for combining the base signal and the dither signal to obtain the pulse width modulated signal with proportional dither.

Phase regulation in a peak current mode power converter

A power converter circuit that includes a switch node coupled to a regulated power supply node via an inductor may, during a discharge cycle, sink current from the regulated power supply node. A control circuit may generate the rising and falling ramp signals using voltage levels of an input power supply node and the regulated power supply node. The control circuit may also determine a duration of the discharge cycle using results of comparing respective voltage levels of the generated rising and falling ramp signals.

Limit-to-valley ratio circuitry in power converters

A controller for a switched mode power converter includes limit-to-valley ratio circuitry, an on-time generator, and a drive circuit. The limit-to-valley ratio circuitry is coupled to generate a ratio signal in response to sensing a switch current of a switch that regulates an output of the switched mode power converter. The ratio signal is representative of a time ratio between a first length of time that the switch current is at or above a switch current limit and a second length of time that the switch current is at or below a switch current valley that is a portion of the switch current limit. The on-time generator is coupled to vary a switch on-time signal in response to receiving the ratio signal. The drive circuit is coupled to output a drive signal to a control terminal of the switch in response to receiving the switch on-time signal.

Slope Compensation Module

A slope compensation module provides slope compensation of a switched-mode power supply using current mode control. The slope control unit comprises a capacitor coupled between an input and an output of the slope control unit, a switch for discharging the capacitor and a constant current source for charging the capacitor. Slope compensation parameters may be changed during operation with a programmable constant current source. The slope compensation module may also function as an analog sawtooth waveform frequency generator, and as an analog pulse width modulation (PWM) generator. Charging the capacitor generates a linearly decreasing (negative slope) ramp voltage for modulating a feedback error voltage into a slope compensated feedback error voltage. Capacitor charging may be controlled from a pulse width modulation signal. Opening of the switch may be programmably delayed, and a minimum closed time thereof may also be programmed during operation of the slope compensation module.

System and method for a switched-mode power supply

In accordance with an embodiment, a method of operating a switched-mode power converter includes measuring an input voltage of the switched-mode power converter; determining an on-time of a switch of the switched-mode power converter; determining an off-time of the switch of the switched-mode power converter; and determining an output voltage of the switched-mode power converter based on the measured input voltage, the determined on-time and the determined off-time. The output voltage includes a voltage at a first node having a DC path to a load path of the switch.

DC-DC converter, power source circuit, and semiconductor device

A DC-DC converter includes a control circuit, a switching element, and a constant-voltage generation portion which generates an output voltage on the basis of an input voltage supplied through the switching element. The control circuit includes AD converters which convert the input voltage and the output voltage, a signal processing circuit, a pulse modulation circuit, and a power supply control circuit which controls supply of a power supply voltage to the signal processing circuit in accordance with digital values of the input voltage and the output voltage. The signal processing circuit determines the duty ratio in accordance with the digital value of the output voltage, and the pulse modulation circuit controls the switching element. The signal processing circuit includes a memory device including a memory element, a capacitor for storing data of the memory element, and a transistor for controlling charge in the capacitor. The transistor includes an oxide semiconductor.

CURRENT BALANCING, CURRENT SENSOR, AND PHASE BALANCING APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A VOLTAGE REGULATOR

Described are apparatuses and methods of current balancing, current sensing and phase balancing, offset cancellation, digital to analog current converter with monotonic output using binary coded input (without binary to thermometer decoder), compensator for a voltage regulator (VR), etc. In one example, apparatus comprises: a plurality of inductors coupled to a capacitor and a load; a plurality of bridges, each of which is coupled to a corresponding inductor from the plurality of inductors; and a plurality of current sensors, each of which is coupled to a bridge to sense current through a transistor of the bridge.

Circuits and methods to linearize conversion gain in a DC-DC converter

Described examples include DC-DC power conversion systems, apparatus and methods for linearizing a DC-DC circuit conversion gain, including a gain circuit providing an output signal according to a gain value and the difference between a first compensation signal and a threshold signal, and a switching circuit selectively operative when the first compensation signal exceeds the threshold signal to linearize the conversion gain by providing a second compensation signal for pulse width modulation of at least one DC-DC converter switch according to the threshold signal and the gain circuit output signal.

SWITCHING ENERGY CONVERTER WITH REDUCTION OF THE STATIC BIAS INTRODUCED BY A STABILIZING RAMP

This converter includes a controllable switch (M) and a control device (311) for generating a signal for controlling the opening and closing instants of the switching switch, the control device being of the control device type in a current mode requiring the application of a current stabilization signal. The control device includes a component (20) delivering a stabilization signal (RC) intermittently, by applying the stabilization signal (RC) at a predetermined instant which precedes a reference instant; and a comparator (28) for generating a control signal (CM) of the controllable switch (M) from the comparison of a set value signal (ÎL) and of a measurement signal corresponding to the current (IL) flowing in an impedance (L) of the converter, the intermittent stabilization signal (RC) being subtracted from the set value signal (ÎL) or added to the measurement signal before applying the comparator.

Power factor correction (PFC) module operating in discontinuous current mode (DCM), system containing the PFC module and methods of operating therefor

A PFC module is disclosed and contains an actively clocked PFC circuit (104) comprising at least one controlled switch (S1), and an integrated circuit (103) as a control unit which controls during a half-wave of the input voltage(Vin)of the actively clocked PFC circuit (104) the at least one switch(S1) of the actively clocked PFC circuit (104) with a fixed operating frequency in discontinuous current mode(DCM) The integrated circuit (103) sets the switch-on time (ton) of the at least, one switch (S1)dependent on the amplitude of the input voltage (VIN) of the actively clocked. PFC circuit (104), and keeps constant the switch-on time (ton) for at least two consecutive switching cycles within the half-wave of the input voltage (VIN), Also disclosed are a system containing the PFC module and a method for operating the PFC module.

CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEDIUM-VOLTAGE PHOTOVOLTAIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

The embodiments of the present invention provide a control system and method for a medium-voltage photovoltaic distribution system. The medium-voltage photovoltaic distribution system includes N photovoltaic modules, N DC-DC converters, a DC-AC converter and a line-frequency transformer. Outputs of the N DC-DC converters are connected in parallel to a DC bus. The DC bus is connected to the DC-AC converter. The line-frequency transformer is configured to connect to a medium-voltage AC grid. The control system includes a bus voltage sampling circuit and N DC-DC converter control circuits corresponding to the N DC-DC converters respectively. Each DC-DC converter control circuit includes a bus voltage sampling circuit, a photovoltaic sampling circuit, a droop controller, a maximum power point tracking controller, an input voltage loop regulator and a pulse width modulation wave generating circuit. It can greatly simplify the communication system and improve the reliability of the control system ...

Multi-Level Power Converter with Hysteretic Control

A multi-level power converter with hysteretic control is disclosed. In one embodiment, a power converter includes a switching circuit and a control circuit. The switching circuit includes a plurality of switches, a capacitor, and a switch node coupled to a regulated supply voltage node via an inductor. The switching circuit is configured to couple the switch node to different circuit nodes according to different switch states. The control circuit is configured to activate a particular set of switches according a current switch state, perform a comparison of an output current of the switching circuit to various threshold values, and determine a next switch state using results of the comparison and duty cycle information. Based on these results, the control circuit is configured to cause a transition from the current switch state to the next switch state by activating a different set of switches according to the next switch state.

Voltage regulation system including a multi-use pin

A voltage regulation system can include a voltage regulator, a voltage regulation controller electrically coupled to the voltage regulator, and a multi-use pin configured to be electrically coupled to external circuits (e.g., an external ground, an external compensation circuit, a programmable resistor, an external reference voltage). The voltage regulation system can also include connection devices (e.g., multiple switches, such as transistor switches) configured to be in different connection device configurations, where each one of the connection device configurations enables an associated one of the external circuits via the multi-use pin. The voltage regulation system can also include a smart pin manager configured to determine when the multi-use pin is electrically coupled to one of the external circuits, and to cause the connection devices to be in one of the connection device configurations to enable the associated external circuit based upon the determination.

Adaptive on-time generation for three-level power converters

A power converter circuit included in a computer system may include multiple devices and a switch node coupled to a regulated power supply node via an inductor. During a first time period, the power converter charges a capacitor, and the couples the capacitor to the switch node during a second time period. During a third time period the power converter couples the switch node to an input power supply node. To maintain constant charge delivered to the load during each time the switch node is coupled to the input power supply node, the duration of the third time period is adjusted based on a voltage level of the input power supply node, a voltage level of the regulated power supply node, a value of the inductor, and the durations of first and second time periods.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING PWM SIGNALS

PULSE-WIDTH MODULAR CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A PULSE-WIDTH MODULAR CIRCUIT

The invention relates to a pulse-width modulator circuit for the production of a reference signal exhibiting a desired pulse duty factor, comprising an adjustment unit comprising at least one memory register and a counter. The memory register is configured in order to store values which correspond at least approximately to the desired pulse duty factor in order to produce the reference signal. The counter adjusts a cycle number Y indicating how often a stored first value X is read from the memory register during work cycle A. The value stored in the memory register can be modified during the work cycle.

POWER CONVERTER CIRCUITRY AND METHOD

A control system and method for simultaneously regulating the operation of a plurality of different types of switching power converters. The system utilizes in regulating the power converters sampled data and nonlinear feedback control loops.

POWER CONVERTER CIRCUITRY AND METHOD

A control system and method for simultaneously regulating the operation of a plurality of different types of switching power converters. The system utilizes in regulating the power converters sampled data and nonlinear feedback control loops.

Digitally controlled A.C. to D.C. power conditioner that draws sinusoidal input current

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REGULATING OUTPUT VOLTAGE LEVEL OF A POWER CONDITIONER

A method for regulating a power conditioner output voltage level includes monitoring a first voltage level of a first supply source and a second voltage level of a second supply source and, while the power conditioner is being supplied by the first supply source, controlling a duty-cycle of an output switch of the power conditioner with feedback-based control signals generated based on errors between a target voltage level and samples of the output voltage level obtained at an output voltage sampling frequency. The method also includes, controlling, for a period corresponding to the output voltage sampling frequency, the duty-cycle of the output switch with an estimated control signal. The method also includes, while the power conditioner is being supplied by the second supply source, controlling the duty-cycle of the output switch using the feedback-based control signals.

DC voltage converter with current sensor and voltage booster

A DC-DC converter allows an input voltage (particularly from a battery charger) to be boosted to a higher voltage, particularly to allow batteries under charge to absorb more current. The converter provides a regulated DC voltage at specific preset charging profiles depending on the type of battery. The voltage converter comprises three main sections, a current sensing section, a voltage boosting section and a micro processing section. The current sensing section comprises a shunt and a voltage amplifier. The voltage booster is a switch-mode boost converter comprising coils, capacitors, diodes, field-effect transistors (FETs) and a boost current sensor. The microprocessor is a chip with software installed. It stores information of battery charging profiles and the FET switching to produce the desired output voltage. The converter may be arranged within a self contained box or integrated as part of a battery charger.

Terminal base for electronic payment by memory card

A universal electronic payment terminal base comprising an application and transaction microprocessor (4), with its power supply source (8) and being capable of receiving information identifying memory card holders, and a reader (6) of these cards controlled by the microprocessor (4). The source (8) also serves for programming the cards and delivers a voltage at most equal to the smallest of the programming voltages required. Between the low weight source (8) and the reader (6) a voltage booster (51) is provided for boosting the voltage to a constant level higher than the largest of the programming voltages, and a step by step voltage dropper (53) controlled by a variable cyclic ratio pulse generator (36).

Power supply

In the disclosed circuit arrangement for operating the load from alternating current lines, an inductance connected to the load serves as a first energy store. A first control switch switches the energy storage on and off in response to a regulator circuit. A second control switch connected across the inductor and a series current sensor responds to the control circuit to supply current to the load through a diode which prevents current from flowing directly from the power lines.

CIRCUIT AND CONTROL PROCEDURE FOR STATIC INVERTERS

DIGITAL SIGNAL PULSE TRANSDUCER

PROCEDURES FOR PRÄDIKTIVEN PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATED CURRENT CONTROL

CONTROL DEVICE AND - PROCEDURES WITH HIGHER RESOLUTION FOR THE ENTERPRISE WITH MODULATED SOURCES OF LIGHT

SOLARBETRIEBENE LED-LEUCHTE

TIFF 00000005.TIF 294 208 ...

SWITCHING CONFIGURATION FOR THE ENTERPRISE OF A LOAD FROM A A.C. MAINS

POWER CONVERTER CIRCUITRY AND METHOD

A system for operating a dc motor

Full wave DC/DC converter

INTEGRATED SWITCH-MODE POWER SUPPLY AND LINEAR REGULATOR

A power supply includes a switching voltage regulator, and a linear voltage regulator coupled electrically in series with the switching voltage regulator. The switching voltage regulator includes a first input for receiving a DC input signal, a semiconductor switching stage coupled to the first input and configured to provide a first DC voltage signal from the received DC input signal. The magnitude of the first DC voltage signal is less than the received DC input signal. The linear voltage regulator includes a semiconductor current pass stage coupled to the output of the semiconductor switching stage and configured to provide a constant second DC output voltage signal from the first DC voltage signal. The voltage regulators are implemented together within a common integrated circuit housing.

AN APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A VOLTAGE CONVERTER

By using a target voltage Vc* of a capacitor connected to the output side of a DC/DC converter and a voltage Vb of a battery connected to the input side of the DC/DC converter, a duty ratio D (Vb/Vc*) as a drive instruction of the DC/DC converter is calculated (S100, S102). By using the voltage Vb, the electromotive force Vbo of the battery, and the charge/discharge current Ib of the battery, an internal resistance Rb ((Vbo - Vb)/Ib) is calculated (S104). According to the internal resistance Rb and the electromotive force Vbo, the current value (value Vbo/2Rb) when the battery output becomes maximum is set as the upper limit value of the optimal current range IR (S106). the DC/DC converter is driven/controlled by limiting the duty ratio D so that the current Ib is within the range of the optimal current range IR (S108, S110, S112). Thus, it is possible to appropriately convert the battery input voltage.

SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL UTILIZING DIGIDAL COMPARISON TECHNIQUES TO PULSE WIDTH MODULATE CONDUCTION THROUGH A SWITCHING DEVICE

SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL UTILIZING DIGITAL COMPARISON TECHNIQUES TO PULSE WIDTH MODULATE CONDUCTION THROUGH A SWITCHING DEVICE A switching regulator includes a digital feedback control circuit to regulate the output voltage. The frequency output of a voltage controlled oscillator responsive to the output voltage is periodically-counted. The accumulating count is continuously compared with a reference count. The elapsed time for this count to accumulate to a value equaling the reference count determines the duty cycle of periodic conduction through the switching device of the switching regulator. - i ...

SIGNAL TRANSMITTER HAVING VOLTAGE BOOSTER CIRCUIT AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

In a radio signal transmitter, a microcomputer operates by receiving an output voltage of a battery to sequentially generate a voltage boosting control signal. This voltage boosting control signal has a longer high level period as generated later. The voltage booster circuit boosts the output voltage of the battery by increasing the number of times of oscillating operations during the high level period of the voltage boosting control signal depending on the increased high level period.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRICAL POWER TO DC LOADS

Fixed Frequency, Fixed Duration power controls methods and systems are described for application of power to electrical loads. FFFD techniques according to the present disclosure utilize power train pulses with fixed-frequency fixed-duration pulses to control power applied to a load. The load can be any type of DC load. FFFD techniques allows for controlled variation of the fixed length of the ON pulse, the Fixed length of the OFF or recovery period, the total time period for one cycle, and/or the number of pulses in that time period. Applications to electric motors, electric lighting, and electric heating are described. Related circuits are also described.

POWER CONVERTER FOR ENGINE GENERATOR WITH AN INSULATING SUPPORT SUPPORTING A RECTIFIER, PLATE LIKE DC BUS AND POWER CONVERTER CIRCUIT

A power converter (56) for an engine generator includes an insulative support that receives and supports circuit components for converting incoming AC power to desired power, such as power suitable for a welding application. One or more rectifier modules (64) are provided that are received and supported by the support. Three such modules (64) may be provided for receiving three phase power from a generator. DC power from the rectifier module (64) is applied to DC bus plates. The plates may be coupled to capacitors. A power conversion circuit, such as a buck converter, is coupled to the DC bus plates to convert the DC power to output power.

Устройство стабилизации тока с активным корректором коэффициента мощности

Полезная модель относится к устройствам импульсной преобразовательной техники, в частности к устройствам стабилизации тока и регулировки коэффициента мощности в преобразователях. Техническим результатом полезной модели является упрощение конструкции устройства. Устройство стабилизации тока с активным корректором коэффициента мощности содержит управляемый электронный ключ 1, схему управления 2, мостовой выпрямитель 3, первый диод 4, первую катушку индуктивности 5, первый конденсатор 6, второй диод 7, третий диод 8, вторую катушка индуктивности 9, второй конденсатор 10 для соединения с нагрузкой 11. 1 н.п. ф-лы, 4 з.п. ф-лы 3 ил. Ц 172707 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ ре в 53" 3) 72 707 4 $ > $ & 2 ой п | РЦ ‘’ х (50) МПК НО2М 3/156 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016152565, 30.12.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 30.12.2016 Дата регистрации: 21.07.2017 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 30.12.2016 (45) Опубликовано: 21.07.2017 Бюл. № 21 Адрес для переписки: 197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Парашютная, 12, кв. 696, Рыжакову Владимиру Евгеньевичу (72) Автор(ы): Рыжаков Владимир Евгеньевич (КО) (73) Патентообладатель(и): Рыжаков Владимир Евгеньевич (КО) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: В02571952,27.12.2015. К02479955С2,20.04.2013. 0$6519164В1,11.02.2003. (54) УСТРОЙСТВО СТАБИЛИЗАЦИИ ТОКА С АКТИВНЫМ КОРРЕКТОРОМ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТА МОЩНОСТИ (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к устройствам импульсной преобразовательной техники, в частности к устройствам стабилизации тока и регулировки коэффициента мощности в преобразователях. Техническим результатом полезной модели является упрощение конструкции устройства. Устройство стабилизации тока с активным корректором Стр.: 1 коэффициента мощности содержит управляемый электронный ключ 1, схему управления 2, мостовой выпрямитель 3, первый диод 4, первую катушку индуктивности 5, первый конденсатор 6, второй ...

Constant on-time switching regulator, and control method and on-time calculation circuit therefor

The present invention discloses a constant on-time switching regulator, a control method therefor, and an on-time calculation circuit for calculating an on-time period of a constant on-time switching regulator. The on-time calculation circuit calculates on-time according to practical conditions. It includes: a driver gate receiving a gate signal of a power switch in a switching regulator, the driver gate operating between high and low levels of a first reference voltage and ground; a low pass filter receiving an output from the driver gate and generating a second reference voltage, a ratio between the second reference voltage and the first reference voltage being substantially the same as a duty ratio of the gate signal; and an on-time generator comparing the second reference voltage with a ramp signal to determine an on-time of the power switch.

Dynamic control loop for switching regulators

Some embodiments regard a method of controlling a regulator having an input voltage and an output voltage, comprising: turning on a first driver; determining a duration ratio having a first time period over the first time period and a second time period; the first time period and the second time period indicating a duration when the first driver and a second driver is on, respectively; generating a second voltage level for the reference voltage based on the duration ratio and a ripple voltage that is a difference between a high threshold voltage and a low threshold voltage; turning off the first driver and turning on the second driver based on a relationship between the second voltage level and a voltage level of the output voltage; turning off the second driver when a current flowing through a node of the output voltage reaches a pre-determined level; and generating a change in the first time period based on the duration ratio and a voltage difference between a peak of the output voltage and the high threshold voltage.

Look-up table based configuration of a dc-dc converter

RF PA circuitry and a DC-DC converter, which includes an RF PA envelope power supply and DC-DC control circuitry, are disclosed. The PA envelope power supply provides an envelope power supply signal to the RF PA circuitry. The DC-DC control circuitry has a DC-DC look-up table (LUT) structure, which has at least a first DC-DC LUT. The DC-DC control circuitry uses DC-DC LUT index information as an index to the DC-DC LUT structure to obtain DC-DC converter operational control parameters. The DC-DC control circuitry then configures the PA envelope power supply using the DC-DC converter operational control parameters. Using the DC-DC LUT structure provides flexibility in configuring the DC-DC converter for different applications, for multiple static operating conditions, for multiple dynamic operating conditions, or any combination thereof.

Methods and systems for adaptive control

A system includes a power supply model component and a disturbance estimating component. The power supply model component receives an estimated disturbance. The disturbance estimating component provides said estimated disturbance from a difference between a sensed output of a power supply and an estimated output from said power supply model component.

Active wire compensation circuit and controller with the same

An active wire compensation circuit, adapted to compensate a level of an output voltage detecting signal, is disclosed. A feedback controller controls a converting circuit according to the compensated output voltage detecting signal to have a load voltage for driving a load stabilized at a predetermined voltage level. The active wire compensation circuit comprises a compensating unit and a feedback compensating unit. The compensating unit detects the load current flowing through the load and accordingly generates a compensating current. The feedback compensating unit modulates the level of the output voltage detecting signal according to the compensating current and generates the compensated output voltage detecting signal.

Power supply circuit

A power supply circuit includes: an analog/digital converter for converting an analog signal to a digital signal; a pulse width modulation signal control circuit for generating a setting control signal varying in accordance with the difference between a reference voltage and a feedback voltage and a control signal for controlling a pulse width modulation signal, which is based on the digital signal; and a pulse width modulation signal generation circuit for generating the pulse width modulation signal, to which the count signal and the control signal are input, in which the control signal controls the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal, and the setting control signal controls the cycle of updating the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal.

Switching regulator

A switching regulator includes: a switching element that controlling supply of power supply voltage according to a control signal; a smoothing circuit smoothing the power supply voltage supplied via the switching element and supplying the smoothed power supply voltage as an output voltage to an output terminal; an error amplifier outputting an error signal according to a difference between the output voltage supplied to the output terminal and a reference voltage; a delta sigma modulation circuit generating a delta sigma modulation signal according to the error signal; and a power supply abnormality detection circuit outputting the delta sigma modulation signal as the control signal and detecting an abnormality in the power supply voltage based on the delta sigma modulation signal.

Power supply device

Miniaturization of a multiphase type power supply device can be achieved. A power supply control unit in which, for example, a microcontroller unit, a memory unit and an analog controller unit are formed over a single chip, a plurality of PWM-equipped drive units, and a plurality of inductors configure a multiphase power supply. The microcontroller unit outputs clock signals each having a frequency and a phase defined based on a program on the memory unit to the respective PWM-equipped drive units. The analog controller unit detects a difference between a voltage value of a load and a target voltage value acquired via a serial interface and outputs an error amp signal therefrom. Each of the PWM-equipped drive units drives each inductor by a peak current control system using the clock signal and the error amp signal.

Integrated circuit comprising voltage modulation circuitry and method therefor

An integrated circuit comprising voltage modulation circuitry arranged to convert an input voltage level at an input node to an output voltage level at an output node. The voltage modulation circuitry comprises a switching element arranged to connect the input node to the output node when in an ON condition, and switching control module operably coupled to the switching element and arranged to control the connection of the input node to the output node by the switching element in accordance with a switching frequency. The voltage modulation circuitry further comprises frequency control module operably coupled to the switching control module and arranged to receive an indication of the input voltage level at the input node, and to configure the switching frequency based at least partly on the input voltage level indication.

Capacitance determination in a switched mode power supply

A method of determining a measure of a total capacitance of one or more capacitive elements connected to an output of a switched mode power supply is described. The method includes generating a voltage control signal to cause an output voltage control signal age controller to sweep a voltage at the output of the switched mode power supply from an initial voltage value to a final voltage value. Sample values of a current at the output measured by a current sampler during the sweep of the output voltage are received, and an integrated current value representing a measure of the total capacitance using the received sample values is calculated.

Power factor and line distortion method and apparatus

Today, power distribution systems can be used to supply power to many loads, and since many loads, such as servers, are reactive (i.e., have capacitors and/or inductors), line distortion and power factor can be an issue. Conventional techniques to correct for line distortion and power factor use a specialized circuit that is generally in series with the load, but these specialized circuits can be prohibitively expensive when used in large numbers. Here, however, a corrective power supply has been provided, which can correct for other parallel power supplies that can reduce cost.

Circuitry for detecting a transient

Circuitry configured for detecting a transient is described. The circuitry includes an analog-to-digital converter that obtains a first voltage sample at a first time and a second voltage sample at a second time. The circuitry also includes a slope detector coupled to the analog-to-digital converter. The slope detector determines a first slope based on the first voltage sample and the second voltage sample. The circuitry further includes a threshold detector coupled to the slope detector. The threshold detector generates a first signal if the first slope exceeds a transient threshold.

Voltage regulator and pulse width modulation signal generation method thereof

In a PWM signal generation method of a voltage regulator, an output sense signal, a first ramp signal and a second ramp signal are provided. A first time point of the first ramp signal crossing with the output sense signal is used to determine a start point of an ON-time of a PWM signal, and a second time point of the second ramp signal crossing with the output sense signal is used to determine an end point of the ON-time of the PWM signal. Moreover, the first ramp signal is reset to a reference voltage at the first time point and then maintained at the reference voltage, and further ramps down starting from the end point of the ON-time. The second ramp signal ramps up starting from the start point of the ON-time, and then is reset to a preset voltage at the second time point.

Output voltage adjustment circuit for buck circuits

An output voltage adjustment circuit for buck circuits includes a microcontroller, first to eighth keys, and a display unit. The first to eighth keys input voltage adjustment signals to the microcontroller. A first input pin of the microcontroller is connected to a voltage output terminal. A second resistor is connected between the first input pin of the microcontroller and ground. A first to a sixth input/output pin of the microcontroller are connected to the display unit. A first to an eighth output pin of the microcontroller are connected to a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller. The first to eighth keys are selectively activated to provide voltage adjustment signals to the microcontroller, sampling output voltages of the voltage output terminal, comparing with a predetermined voltage, controlling the PWM controller to fine tune the duty cycle to output a stable voltage from the voltage output terminal. The display unit displays the voltages on the voltage output terminal.

Switching Mode Power Supply Control

A method for controlling a switching converter is disclosed whereby the switching converter is configured to convert an input voltage into an output voltage supplied to a load in accordance with a switching signal, The switching converter is configured to operate in a pulse width modulation mode or, alternatively, in a pulse frequency modulation mode. When operating in the pulse width modulation mode, generating, as the switching signal, a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal of a pre-defined constant switching frequency. The PWM signal has a duty cycle that is regulated such that the output voltage of the switching converter matches, at least approximately, a desired output voltage under the condition that the duty cycle being regulated such that it does not fall below a predefined minimum duty cycle. The output voltage is monitored and switched over to the pulse frequency modulation mode when the output voltage exceeds a predefined first threshold. The method further comprises, when operating in the pulse frequency modulation mode, monitoring the output voltage and generating, as the switching signal, a series of pulses of a predefined constant pulse length. A pulse is generated each time the output voltage falls to a predefined second threshold and monitoring the frequency of the switching signal and switching to the pulse width modulation mode when the frequency of the switching signal exceeds a predefined frequency threshold.

Power supplies and control methods for operating in quadrature-resonance-similar mode

Control method and power controller suitable for a switched mode power supply with a power switch are provided. An ON time of the power switch is recorded. An estimated OFF time is provided based on the ON time. The estimated OFF time is in positive correlation with the ON time. The power switch is turned ON after the elapse of the estimated OFF time.

Delay compensation systems and methods for dc to dc converters

A control system for a DC to DC converter includes a predicted state generator module, a voltage estimation module, an error module, and a pulse width modulation (PWM) module. During a prior sampling period, the predicted state generator module generates a predicted capacitor voltage and a predicted capacitor current for a current sampling period. The voltage estimation module generates an estimated value of an output voltage of the DC to DC converter during the current sampling period based on the predicted capacitor current, the predicted capacitor voltage, a delay value, and a duty cycle value for the prior sampling period. The error module generates a voltage error value based on difference between a measured value of the output voltage and the estimated value. The PWM module controls the duty cycle of the DC to DC converter based on the voltage error value.

Voltage converters with reduced output frequency variations and associated methods

Switch-mode voltage converters and associated methods are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a switch-mode voltage converter includes a switching transistor coupled between an input voltage (V in ) and the ground and a controller coupled directly between the input voltage (V in ) and the ground. The controller is configured to periodically turn on the switching transistor for a generally constant period of time. The controller is further coupled to a DC bias voltage (V bias ) and configured to generate a control current based on the input voltage (V in ) and the DC bias voltage (V bias ) for generating a switching signal to the switching transistor.

Capacitive load drive circuit, fluid ejection device and medical device

Operation of a digital power amplifier for power amplification of a modulated signal is stopped in a period in which a voltage value of a drive signal applied to a capacitive load is constant, to thereby suppress power loss. The power amplification is stopped either when half a period of time when the modulated signal in a first voltage state maintains the first voltage state elapses or when half a period of time when the modulated signal in a second voltage state which is lower in voltage than the first voltage state maintains the second voltage state elapses. Accordingly, when electric current does not flow in a inductor of a low pass filter, it is possible to stop the power amplification. Thus, it is possible to prevent generation of voltage fluctuation in the drive signal due to an electromotive force caused by a self-induction phenomenon of the inductor.

Fixed-on-time controller utilizing an adaptive saw signal for discontinuous mode pfc power conversion

A fixed-on-time controller utilizing an adaptive saw signal for discontinuous mode PFC power conversion, the fixed-on-time controller comprising: an error amplifier, having a negative input end coupled to a feedback signal, a positive input end coupled to a reference voltage, and an output end for providing a threshold signal; an adaptive current source generator, used to generate an adaptive current source according to the threshold signal; a capacitor, charged by the adaptive current source, being used for carrying a saw signal; a switch, used to discharge the capacitor under the control of a reset signal; and a comparator, having a negative input end coupled to the threshold signal, a positive input end coupled to the saw signal, and an output end for providing a turn-off signal; and a fixed-on-time driver circuit, used to provide a driving signal and the reset signal according to the turn-off signal and a sensing signal.

Controller for converting circuit

A control circuit adapted to a DC-DC converting circuit is disclosed. The controller comprises a reference voltage generator, a reference voltage adjusting circuit, a feedback circuit and a driving circuit. The reference voltage adjusting circuit generates an adjusted reference voltage according to a reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generator. The feedback circuit generates a feedback control signal according to the adjusted reference voltage and the feedback signal. The driving circuit generates at least one control signal for controlling the converting circuit according to the feedback control signal.

Dc-dc converter, power source circuit, and semiconductor device

A DC-DC converter includes a control circuit, a switching element, and a constant-voltage generation portion which generates an output voltage on the basis of an input voltage supplied through the switching element. The control circuit includes AD converters which convert the input voltage and the output voltage, a signal processing circuit, a pulse modulation circuit, and a power supply control circuit which controls supply of a power supply voltage to the signal processing circuit in accordance with digital values of the input voltage and the output voltage. The signal processing circuit determines the duty ratio in accordance with the digital value of the output voltage, and the pulse modulation circuit controls the switching element. The signal processing circuit includes a memory device including a memory element, a capacitor for storing data of the memory element, and a transistor for controlling charge in the capacitor. The transistor includes an oxide semiconductor.

Power supply device of electronic equipment and power supply method thereof

A power supply device is disclosed for use in electronic equipment. In an embodiment, the power supply device includes: a current transformer with N secondary winding parts connected in series, an energy storage capacitor and a winding selector, in which N is an integral number and N≧2, wherein the winding selector selectively enables one or more serially connected winding parts of the N secondary winding parts to output an electrical current, in response to a state signal indicating the operating state of the electronic equipment; and the energy storage capacitor is charged by the output current, and supplies power to a main circuit of the electronic equipment. In the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided corresponding electronic equipment and a corresponding method. By way of the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to supply electrical energy at relatively low power loss.

Control of dynamic bus voltage in an intermediate bus architecture power system

To reduce power loss in an intermediate bus architecture power system, embodiments of the present invention provide an intermediate bus converter which converts an input voltage to an intermediate bus voltage using a converting unit; receives a signal indicative of an output of a converting unit; determines an intermediate bus voltage to reduce power loss in dependence upon the signal indicative of an output of the converting unit; generates a control signal to control the converting unit to convert the input voltage to the determined intermediate bus voltage; and generates an intermediate bus voltage in dependence upon the control signal.

System and method for switching voltage regulator

A system and method for controlling ripple in an output voltage of a switching regulator is described. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a ramp circuit to selectively charge and discharge a ramp capacitor. The ramp capacitor provides a ramp voltage. The ramp voltage is selectively added to the output voltage to generate a summation voltage. The summation voltage is compared to a reference voltage to generate a control signal. An input voltage is coupled to an LC circuit based on the control signal. The LC circuit provides the output voltage. The input voltage is selectively coupled to the LC circuit when the ramp capacitor is selectively charged.

Dc-dc converter, control circuit and information processing system

A DC-DC converter includes: an inductor provided between a power input node and a power output node; a plurality of switching elements which switch an input route of a power toward the inductor and a discharge route of the power from the inductor; a first pulse generation circuit which generates a first pulse based on a feed-back signal according to an output of the output node; a second pulse generation circuit which generates a second pulse having a second frequency being equal to or higher than a first frequency set as an upper limit of a human audible frequency band; a driver which drives the switching element based on one of the first pulse and the second pulse; and a control circuit which supplies the first pulse or the second pulse to the driver based on a load state of a load coupled to the output node.

Constant voltage power circuit and semiconductor integrated circuit

According to one embodiment, a constant voltage power circuit includes a bias generator, a reference voltage generator, and a constant voltage generator, a bias switch, a constant voltage controller. The bias generator generates a first bias voltage. The reference voltage generator is connected to the bias generator and generates a reference voltage. The constant voltage generator generates a constant voltage. The bias switch switches a bias supplied to the constant voltage generator in accordance with a switch control signal controlling the bias switch. The constant voltage controller obtains a detected voltage corresponding to the constant voltage or a power supply voltage, and generates a constant voltage control signal and the switch control signal. The constant voltage control signal sets an operating state of the constant voltage generator to an enable state or a disable state.

Digital Average Input Current Control in Power Converter

A digital average-input current-mode control loop for a DC/DC power converter. The power converter may be, for example, a buck converter, boost converter, or cascaded buck-boost converter. The purpose of the proposed control loop is to set the average converter input current to the requested current. Controlling the average input current can be relevant for various applications such as power factor correction (PFC), photovoltaic converters, and more. The method is based on predicting the inductor current based on measuring the input voltage, the output voltage, and the inductor current. A fast cycle-by-cycle control loop may be implemented. The conversion method is described for three different modes. For each mode a different control loop is used to control the average input current, and the control loop for each of the different modes is described. Finally, the algorithm for switching between the modes is disclosed.

DC/DC Converter, Method for Providing an Output Voltage on the Basis of an Input Voltage and Computer Program

A DC/DC converter includes a switch mode converter for providing an output voltage based on an input voltage and a drive signal generator configured to to provide a drive signal for the switch mode converter. The drive signal generator is configured to switch between a non-pulse-skipping mode and a pulse-skipping mode. Moreover, the drive signal generator is configured to adapt a setting of a pulse generation such that a length of a first pulse following a pulse skipping is larger than a minimum length of a pulse in the non-pulse-skipping mode.

Dc-dc converter control circuit and dc-dc converter including same

A DC-DC converter control circuit, to control a DC-DC converter having an inductor and two switching elements, including a first feedback circuit to generate a first feedback voltage indicating a DC component of an inductor current of the inductor based on an output voltage of the DC-DC converter; a second feedback circuit to generate a second feedback voltage indicating an AC component of the inductor current; a synthesis circuit to add the first and second feedback voltages to generate a third feedback voltage; a comparator to compare the third feedback voltage with a reference voltage to output a control signal; and a driving circuit to control the switching elements. The second feedback voltage is generated based on a difference between input and output voltages of the DC-DC converter when the control signal from the comparator is low and based on the output voltage when the control signal is high.

Average inductor current control using variable reference voltage

A variable reference voltage generation unit used in DC/DC converter includes a sample-hold valley inductor current unit electrically connected to a reference voltage generation unit. The sample-hold valley inductor current unit receives the valley inductor current and converts it into the valley voltage. The reference voltage generation unit receives and converts a current signal two times of a designated current into a voltage signal two times of a designated voltage. The voltage signal two times of reference voltage is then subtracted by the valley voltage to produce the new reference voltage to compare with an inductor voltage for controlling the switching of a switching transistor of the DC/DC convertor.

Power Supply Circuit with a Control Terminal for Different Functional Modes of Operation

A method of operation for flyback power converter includes operating a controller of the flyback power converter in a regulation mode when a control signal is below a first threshold. The control signal is provided as an input to a terminal of the flyback power converter. When the control signal is below a second threshold and above the first threshold, the controller is operated in a limiting mode. The controller is operated in an external command mode when the control signal is below a third threshold and above the second threshold. Lastly, when the control signal is above the third threshold, the controller is operated in a protection mode. 115-. (canceled)16. A power converter for delivering an output signal to a load , the power converter comprising:an energy transfer element that galvanically isolates an input side of the power converter from an output side, the input side for coupling to an ac line voltage and the output side for coupling to the load;a power switch coupled to a primary winding of the energy transfer element for regulating a transfer energy to the load;a controller that generates a pulsed drive signal having a frequency in response to a control signal, the pulsed drive signal being coupled to control switching of the power switch such that the frequency determines the transfer energy:a feedback circuit coupled to receive the regulated output signal and a command signal, in response thereto the feedback circuit generating the control signal coupled to the controller;wherein when the control signal is within a first range the controller operates in a closed loop feedback mode such that the output signal is regulated at a certain value, and when the control signal is in a second range, the controller operates in a limiting mode in which the controller limits the output signal to a maximum value.17. The power converter of further wherein when the control signal is in a third range claim 16 , the controller operates in an open loop mode in which ...

DC CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR SELECTING A FREQUENCY OF SAME

In one embodiment, a DC converter has a frequency adjusting device with a frequency selection circuit, a frequency change-over switch (), a frequency generator (), a threshold signal generator (), a state machine () and a unit () for providing a ready signal (S). The frequency selection circuit has an output (), at which a control signal (S) is provided, which is set up to select a frequency of the switching frequency signal (DCLK) of the DC converter. The invention further relates to a method for selecting a frequency of the DC converter. 1. A DC converter comprising: [ a first input that is supplied with a first threshold signal in dependence on a switching frequency signal of the DC converter,', 'a second input that is supplied with a second threshold signal in dependence on the first threshold signal,', 'a third input that is supplied with a ready signal of the DC converter, and', 'an output, at which a control signal is provided that is designed for selecting a frequency of the switching frequency signal of the DC converter;, 'a frequency selection circuit, comprising'}, 'a frequency change-over switch that is coupled to the output of the frequency selection circuit and that is supplied with a main clock signal of the DC converter, a first clock signal with a first clock frequency and at least one second clock signal with a second clock frequency, wherein said frequency change-over switch is designed for providing the switching frequency signal of the DC converter in dependence on the control signal, the first and/or the at least one second clock signal;', 'a frequency generator that is supplied with the main clock signal and is designed for providing the first and at least the at least one second clock signal;', 'a threshold signal generator that is supplied with the switching frequency signal of the DC converter and is adapted for respectively providing the first and the second threshold signal in dependence on the switching frequency signal;', 'a state ...

Coordinated power converter system

The present invention relates to a switched power converter system ( 1 ), comprising at least a first power converter ( 2 ) and a second power converter ( 3 ). Each power converter ( 2, 3 ) has a corresponding input terminal ( 4 a, 5 a) and output terminal ( 4 b, 5 b ), where each power converter ( 2, 3 ) comprises a corresponding switch arrangement ( 6, 7 ). The system further comprises a control unit ( 8 ) that at least at start-up is connected to each power converter ( 2, 3 ) in the system ( 1 ) and arranged to control each switch arrangement ( 6, 7 ) by means of spread spectrum modulation, such that cross correlation between the conducted or radiated emissions of the switch arrangements ( 6, 7 ) is avoided.

Systems and methods for suppressing undesirable limit cycles in switching regulators

This disclosure involves methods and systems for suppressing undesired limit cycles in switching regulators by determining when a limit cycle causes the inductor to charge for a time greater than the clock period and destabilizing such cycles.

Digital controller for switched capacitor dc-dc converter

Representative implementations of devices and techniques minimize switching losses in a switched capacitor dc-dc converter. A digital controller is used to control switching, based on an existing load.

Power supply circuitry and adaptive transient control

A power supply system includes a PID control circuit, a signal shaping circuit, and a PWM control circuit. The PID control circuit generates a signal based on an error voltage of the power supply system. The signal shaping circuit receives and converts the signal outputted from the PID control circuit into a linear control signal. To reduce cost, the shaping circuit can include a piecewise linear implementation. During non-transient load conditions, the PWM control circuit utilizes the linear control signal outputted from the signal shaping circuit to adjust a switching period of a power supply control signal. The switching period of the power supply control signal is maintained within a desired range. During transients, settings of the PID control circuit are modified to provide a faster response. The switching period of the power supply control signal may be adjusted outside of the desired frequency range.

Wide Input Voltage Range Power Supply Circuit

A wide input voltage power supply circuit for a load includes a first regulation stage and a second regulation stage. The first regulation stage includes a linear regulator circuit configured to maintain a bus voltage within a predefined voltage range when an input voltage exceeds a predefined input level. A second regulation stage includes a buck converter circuit configured to regulate an average bus voltage to a predetermined load level. The second regulation stage includes an under voltage lockout configuration, with the under voltage lockout configured to set a minimum turn-on voltage for the load.

DC-DC CONVERTER

A DC-DC converter including a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller for converting an input voltage into an output voltage is provided. The PWM controller includes: an error amplifier, receiving a reference voltage and a feedback voltage and provides an error signal; a compensation unit coupled to an output of the error amplifier, compensating the error signal and comprising a first resister and a first capacitor; a ramp generator, generating a ramp signal according to a constant on time PWM signal; a first comparator coupled to the compensation unit and the ramp generator, comparing the compensated error signal with the ramp signal to generate a trigger signal; and a PWM generator coupled to the first comparator, providing the constant on time PWM signal according to the trigger signal, an input voltage of the DC-DC converter and the output voltage of the DC-DC converter. 1. A constant on time Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller of a DC-DC converter , comprising:an error amplifier, receiving a reference voltage and a feedback voltage corresponding to an output voltage of the DC-DC converter to provide an error signal;a compensation unit coupled to an output of the error amplifier, compensating the error signal and comprising a first resister and a first capacitor, wherein the capacitor is coupled between the first resistor and a ground;a ramp generator, generating a ramp signal according to a constant on time PWM signal;a first comparator coupled to the compensation unit and the ramp generator, comparing the compensated error signal with the ramp signal to generate a trigger signal, wherein the compensation unit causes an included angle between the compensated error signal and the ramp signal to increase; anda PWM generator coupled to the first comparator, providing the constant on time PWM signal according to the trigger signal, an input voltage of the DC-DC converter and the output voltage of the DC-DC converter.2. The constant on time PWM controller as ...

Electronic device and method for power measurement

The invention relates to an electronic device comprising a switched mode power converter comprising a switched transistor, an inductor and an error amplifier. The switched transistor is configured to switch a current through the inductor. The error amplifier is configured to control the switching of the switched transistor to convert a primary voltage applied at the input into a secondary voltage at the output of the switched mode power converter. The electronic device further comprises an oscillator, a control logic stage and a digital counter. The control logic stage is coupled to receive a clock signal from the oscillator and to generate switching signals for the switched transistor in form of ON-time pulses with a constant ON-time according to a pulse density scheme. The counter is configured to count the number of ON-time pulses for determining the consumed power based on the number of ON-time pulses per time.

Voltage-to-current sensing circuit and related dc-dc converter

The present disclosure is directed to a voltage-to-current sensing circuit having a bias terminal configured to receive a reference voltage, an offset terminal configured to receive an offset current, and an operational amplifier configured to output a low voltage signal. The device includes a first amplifier having first and second high voltage inputs configured to receive a first voltage difference across a sense component on a high voltage line and to generate a first current, a second amplifier having first and second low voltage inputs configured to receive a second voltage difference between the bias terminal and the offset terminal and to generate a second current, a summing circuit configured to provide an intermediate voltage corresponding to a sum of the first and the second currents, and a low-voltage transistor coupled to an output of the amplifier and controlled by the intermediate voltage to generate the output current.

CONTROL DEVICE OF A SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY

A control device controls a switching converter. The converter has an input alternating supply voltage, a regulated direct voltage on the output terminal, and a switch connected to an inductor. The control device controls the closing and opening time period of said switch for each cycle and receives a first input signal representative of the current flowing through one element of the converter. The control device comprises a counter configured to count a time period, a comparator configured to compare said first input signal with a second signal, digital control block configured to control the closing and opening of said switch and to activate said counter to start the counting of said time period when the said first input signal crosses said second signal, with said switch being closed. The digital control block is configured to open the switch when the counter finishes the counting of said time period. 1. A control device for controlling a switching converter that includes a switch coupled to an inductor , said control device comprising:a counter configured to count a time period;a comparator configured to compare a first signal, representative of a current flowing through an element of the converter, with a second signal; anda digital control block configured to control closing and opening of said switch and to activate said counter to start counting said time period when the said first signal crosses said second signal with said switch being closed, said digital control block being configured to open the switch when the counter finishes counting said time period.2. A control device according to claim 1 , comprising:a digital device configured to set a digital reference value, anda digital to analog converter configured to convert said digital reference value into said second signal.3. A control device according to claim 2 , wherein the digital to analog converter is configured to convert said digital reference value into said second signal at a value of zero.4. ...

Test apparatus

A main power supply is arranged such that its output terminal Po is connected to a power supply terminal of a DUT via a power supply line, and is configured to feedback control an output voltage V OUT output from the output terminal such that a detection value V DD ′ that corresponds to a power supply voltage V DD at the power supply terminal approaches a target value V REF ′. When a test pattern is supplied to the DUT, a power supply control unit is configured to feedforward control the main power supply such that the power supply voltage V DD approaches a predetermined target waveform V TGT .

Boost converter and method for its operation

In a boost converter operation, a first voltage that is independent of an input voltage of the boost converter is preset in the boost converter, having an increased voltage level compared to the input voltage, as the setpoint output voltage, as long as the input voltage is below a first voltage threshold value, which is lower than the first voltage. As soon as the input voltage exceeds the first voltage threshold value, a second voltage that is a function of the input voltage is preset, having a lower voltage level compared to the input voltage, as the setpoint output voltage. As soon as the input voltage drops below a second voltage threshold value, which is lower than the first voltage, the first voltage is again preset as the setpoint output voltage.

POWER SUPPLY DEVICE

A power supply device includes a power supply circuit and a power information generation part. The power supply circuit performs voltage conversion in which an input voltage applied to a voltage input terminal is converted into a voltage having a predetermined voltage value, and outputs the voltage obtained as a result of the voltage conversion to a voltage output terminal. The power supply circuit includes a switching part for, by a switching operation thereof, chopping a voltage of the voltage input terminal side, and a control circuit that controls the switching operation of the switching part. The power information generation part generates power information concerning power that is outputted from the voltage output terminal based on a content of the switching operation. 1. A power supply device comprising:a power supply circuit that performs voltage conversion in which an input voltage applied to a voltage input terminal is converted into a voltage having a predetermined voltage value, and outputs the voltage obtained as a result of said voltage conversion to a voltage output terminal; anda power information generation part for generating power information concerning power that is outputted from said voltage output terminal, wherein a switching part for, by a switching operation thereof, chopping a voltage of said voltage input terminal side; and', 'a control circuit that controls said switching operation of said switching part,, 'said power supply circuit includessaid power information generation part generates said power information based on a content of said switching operation.2. The power supply device according to claim 1 , whereinsaid control circuit controls said switching operation by giving a switching control signal to said switching part,said power information generation part includes a derivation part in which the relationship between predetermined information and said power information is defined, said predetermined information including at least ...

TWO-SWITCH FLYBACK POWER CONVERTERS

A two-switch Flyback power converter is disclosed. The two-switch Flyback power converter comprises a transformer, a first switch, a second switch, and a control circuit. The transformer includes a primary-winding and a secondary-winding. The primary-winding has a first winding and a second winding. The first switch is coupled to switch the first winding. The second switch is coupled to switch the first winding and the second winding. The control circuit generates a first-drive signal and a second-drive signal to control the first switch and the second switch for switching the transformer and regulating an output of the two-switch Flyback power converter. The two-switch Flyback power converter with less capacitance of the bulk capacitor or bulk capacitor-less can reduce the voltage ripples at the output voltage for cost saving. 1. A two-switch Flyback power converter , comprising:a transformer including a primary-winding and a secondary-winding, the primary-winding having a first winding and a second winding, the primary-winding coupled to a power source of the two-switch Flyback power converter;a first switch coupled to switch the first winding;a second switch coupled to switch the first winding and the second winding; anda control circuit generating a first-drive signal and a second-drive signal to control the first switch and the second switch for switching the transformer and regulating an output of the two-switch Flyback power converter, wherein the first switch and the second switch can deliver more power in a valley of the power source, which is rectified, by switching different winding to improve ripples of an output voltage of the two-switch Flyback power converter.2. The power converter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a turn ratio of the primary-winding to the secondary-winding is a low level and a switching current flowing through the first winding is a high level when the first switch is switching and the second switch is turned off.3. The power ...

BOOST REGULATOR WITH TIMING CONTROLLED INDUCTOR BYPASS

Apparatus and methods of implementing a voltage converter bypass switch, among other things, are discussed herein. In certain examples, a boost converter can include a bypass switch configured to bypass an inductor and a transistor of the boost converter to more directly couple a supply voltage to an output of the boost converter during a bypass mode, and to isolate a supply voltage input from the output during a boost mode of the boost converter. 1. A boost converter comprising ,a first input configured to couple to a first terminal of an inductor;a second input configured to couple to a voltage source and a second terminal of the inductor;an output configured to provide an output voltage to a load;a first transistor configured to initiate a charging current in the inductor during a first state of a boost mode and to isolate the first input from ground in a second state of the boost mode;a second transistor configured to couple the first input to the output during the second state of the boost mode and to isolate the first input from the output during the first state of the boost mode;a bypass switch configured to couple the second input to the output and to bypass the inductor and the second transistor during a bypass mode, and to isolate the second input from the output during the boost mode; and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) having a drain node and a source node coupled in series between the second input and the output;', 'a first switch coupled between a bulk node of the MOSFET and the drain; and', 'a second switch coupled between the bulk node and the source., 'wherein the bypass switch includes'}2. The boost converter of claim 1 , including:control logic configured to control the first transistor, the second transistor and the bypass switch during the boost mode, the bypass mode, and transitions between the boost mode and the bypass mode.3. The boost converter of claim 2 , wherein the control logic is configured initiate the ...

CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR DC-DC CONVERTER, DC-DC CONVERTER, AND CONTROL METHOD OF DC-DC CONVERTER

A control circuit for a DC-DC converter includes: an output control circuit configured to control an output voltage of a DC-DC converter according to a reference voltage; a reference control circuit configured to control the reference voltage according to an open-circuit voltage of an external power supply coupled to the DC-DC converter; a limiting circuit configured to limit a current flowing from DC-DC converter to an external load; and a stopping control circuit configured to stop operation of the limiting circuit until the reference voltage reaches a given value. 1. A control circuit for a DC-DC converter , comprising:an output control circuit configured to control an output voltage of the DC-DC converter according to a reference voltage;a reference control circuit configured to control the reference voltage according to an open-circuit voltage of an external power supply coupled to the DC-DC converter;a limiting circuit configured to limit a current flowing from the DC-DC converter to an external load; anda stopping control circuit configured to stop operation of the limiting circuit until the reference voltage reaches a given value.2. The control circuit for the DC-DC converter according to claim 1 , wherein the reference control circuit controls the reference voltage by selecting a capacitance value of capacitor coupled between the external power supply and the output control circuit according to the open-circuit voltage.3. The control circuit for the DC-DC converter according to claim 2 , wherein the reference control circuit outputs a notification signal notifying that the selection of the capacitance value has been completed claim 2 , to the output control circuit.4. The control circuit for the DC-DC converter according to claim 1 , wherein when the reference voltage is identical with the given value claim 1 , the stopping control circuit outputs a permission signal that permits the operation of the limiting circuit claim 1 , to the limiting circuit.5. The ...

POWER SUPPLY CONTROL SYSTEM AND DEVICE

Power supply control system for a switching-mode power supply with cycle by cycle, asynchronous control scheme, making use of simulated electronic logic gates for the logical switching means and further including assimilation and artificial intelligence neural control network, such as a perceptron, to determine the electronic simulation and to make use of a mixing of instant and average signals through a feedback system. 1. Power supply control system comprising a switching-mode power supply with cycle by cycle , asynchronous control scheme , the control scheme using logical switching means , wherein the control is for managing the power source to match the required load as well as determining the regulation of the load.2. Power supply control system according to for a switching-mode power supply with cycle by cycle claim 1 , asynchronous control scheme claim 1 , making use of simulated electronic logic gates for the logical switching means and further including assimilation and artificial intelligence neural control network claim 1 , such as a perceptron claim 1 , to determine the electronic simulation and to make use of a mixing of instant and average signals through a feedback system.3. Power supply control system according to wherein the logical switching means of the cycle by cycle claim 1 , asynchronous control scheme is based on artificial intelligence neural nodes.4. Power supply control system according to wherein artificial intelligence neural nodes uses a perceptron type model to provide a control.5. Power supply control system according to wherein the logical switching means has a model making use of multiple inputs and use of simulated electronic NAND gates and NOR gates or combinations.6. Power supply control system according to wherein the power source includes boosting which provides a ‘Virtual load’ to the electronic transformers.7. Power supply control system according to wherein the model uses feedback in order to correct control and adapt to the ...

BOOST CONVERTER WITH INTEGRATED HIGH POWER DISCRETE FET AND LOW VOLTAGE CONTROLLER

A boost converter for high power and high output voltage applications includes a low voltage controller integrated circuit and a high voltage, vertical, discrete field effect transistor. The low voltage controller integrated circuit and the high voltage, vertical, discrete field effect transistor are packaged together in a single package on a common electrically conductive die pad, wherein the controller IC is attached to the die pad using insulating adhesive and the FET is attached to the die pad using conductive adhesive. 1. A boost converter , comprising:a low voltage controller integrated circuit (IC);a high voltage, vertical, discrete field effect transistor (FET) having a gate coupled to the low voltage controller IC;wherein the low voltage controller integrated circuit and the high voltage, vertical, discrete field effect transistor are packaged together in a single package on a common electrically conductive die pad, wherein the controller IC is attached to the die pad using insulating adhesive and the FET is attached to the die pad using conductive adhesive.2. The boost converter of claim 1 , wherein the low voltage controller integrated circuit includes a pulse-wide modulation (PWM) controller.3. The boost controller of claim 1 , wherein the low voltage controller IC includes an internal sense device.4. The boost controller of claim 1 , wherein the internal sense device includes a resistor or transistor.5. The boost controller of wherein the internal sense device includes a field effect transistor.6. The boost converter of wherein the high voltage claim 1 , vertical claim 1 , discrete field effect transistor is attached to a die pad using a conductive epoxy.7. The boost controller of claim 6 , wherein the low voltage controller IC includes an internal current sense device.8. The boost controller of wherein the internal current sense device includes a resistor or transistor.9. The boost controller of wherein the internal current sense device includes a ...

Multimode Operation DC-DC Converter

Embodiments for at methods, apparatus and systems for operating a voltage regulator are disclosed. One apparatus includes a switching voltage regulator, wherein the switching voltage regulator includes a series switch element, a shunt switch element, a switching controller and a switched output filter. The switching controller is configured to generate a switching voltage through controlled closing and opening of the series switch element and the shunt switch element. The switched output filter filters the switching voltage and generates a regulated output voltage, wherein the switched output filter includes a plurality of capacitors that are selectively included within the switched output filter. 2. The switching voltage regulator of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether the switching voltage regulator is switching from an envelope tracking mode to a non-envelope tracking mode.3. The switching voltage regulator of claim 1 , wherein the switching voltage regulator receives an indicator that the switching voltage regulator is switching from an envelope tracking mode to a non-envelope tracking mode.4. The switching voltage regulator of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor is charged until a voltage on the capacitor is approximately equal to the regulated output voltage while maintaining a voltage ripple on the regulated output voltage within a predetermined threshold.5. The switching voltage regulator of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor is charged with a current source.6. The switching voltage regulator of claim 5 , further comprising ramping a magnitude of current conducted or sourced by the current source upon determining the switching voltage regulator is switching from an envelope tracking mode to a non-envelope tracking mode.7. The switching voltage regulator of claim 1 , further comprising a controller operative to control selection of two or more switched output filter settings.8. The switching voltage regulator of claim 7 , wherein when transitioning from ...

SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY DEVICE

A switching power supply device includes: a positive voltage output circuit connected to a direct-current power supply, the positive voltage output circuit including a first switching element, a voltage boosting inductor, a first rectifying element and a first capacitor; a negative voltage output circuit connected to the power supply, the negative voltage output circuit including a second switching element, a voltage dropping inductor, a second rectifying element and a second capacitor; and an adder circuit configured to add switching currents flowing when the first and the second switching elements are operated. The circuit elements of the positive voltage output circuit are symmetrical with those of the negative voltage output circuit. The first switching current of the positive voltage output circuit and the second switching current of the negative voltage output circuit are generated in mutually opposite directions and are inputted to the adder circuit. 1. A switching power supply device , comprising:a positive voltage output circuit connected to a direct-current power supply, the positive voltage output circuit including a first switching element, a voltage boosting inductor, a first rectifying element and a first capacitor;a negative voltage output circuit connected to the direct-current power supply, the negative voltage output circuit including a second switching element, a voltage dropping inductor, a second rectifying element and a second capacitor; andan adder circuit configured to add switching currents flowing when the first switching element and the second switching element are operated,the first switching element, the voltage boosting inductor, the first rectifying element and the first capacitor of the positive voltage output circuit being symmetrical in arrangement with the second switching element, the voltage dropping inductor, the second rectifying element and the second capacitor of the negative voltage output circuit, and the positive voltage ...

Dc/dc converter and image forming apparatus including the same

A converter includes a switching unit configured to switch a voltage to be input, an inductor connected to the switching unit, a conversion unit configured to convert the voltage switched by the switching unit to be supplied to the inductor into a direct current voltage, a detection unit configured to detect the direct current voltage converted by the conversion unit, and a correction unit configured to correct the detected voltage detected by the detection unit, wherein an operation of the switching unit is controlled based on the voltage corrected by the correction unit.

BATTERY POWER SUPPLY WITH AUTOMATIC LOAD SENSING

A battery power supply with extended shelf-life is composed of a plurality of batteries connected in series with a switching element and voltage booster. The switching element is composed of a transistor in parallel with a passive component that produces a voltage drop when the transistor is off. The voltage booster maintains an output voltage at set value when battery capacity deteriorates. A micro-controller is used to monitor voltage potentials to detect the presence of an external load. When no load is detected, all active components are disabled to conserve energy and avoid self-discharge. 1. A battery power supply with automatic load sensing , for extending battery life in an auxiliary power supply which can be connected to a load , comprising:a battery portion having a positive side and a negative side;a controllable ON-OFF portion; said controllable ON-OFF portion being in series with said positive side of said battery portion, and having an ON state and an OFF state;a voltage booster having an inductor, said voltage booster being in series with said controllable ON-OFF portion;a pair of voltage dividers respectively disposed on opposite sides of said controllable ON-OFF portion, for providing first and second sense voltages before and after said controllable ON-OFF portion;a micro-controller having inputs receiving said first and second sense voltages, and said micro-controller having a booster enable output for controlling said voltage booster and an FET control output for controlling said controllable ON-OFF portion; said micro-controller having an active mode and a sleep mode; and said micro-controller being capable of switching itself between said sleep mode and said active mode, and between said active mode and said sleep mode.2. A battery power supply with automatic load sensing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said controllable ON-OFF portion comprises a MOSFET transistor having an internal body diode.3. A battery power supply with automatic load ...

CONTROL CIRCUIT WITH HYSTERESIS FOR A SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR AND RELATED CONTROL METHOD

A control circuit for a switching voltage regulator is configured to receive an error signal representative of a regulator output voltage in relation to a nominal output voltage, and includes a set/reset flip-flop, a hysteresis comparator and a logic circuit. The flip-flop is configured to produce a switching control signal according to logic values at its set and reset terminals. The comparator is configured to produce a set signal at the set terminal when an error signal drops below a first value, and a reset signal when the error signal rises above a second value. The logic circuit is configured to prevent transmission of the reset signal to the reset terminal during a selected minimum time period and to thereafter enable transmission of the reset signal, and further, to produce an alternate reset signal at the reset terminal at the end of the selected maximum time period. 1. A control circuit , comprising:a hysteresis comparator configured to receive an error voltage and to generate first and second logic signals that become logically active respectively when the error voltage is below a lower threshold and above a higher threshold;a set/reset flip-flop configured to generate a regulator control signal according to the logic values assumed by said first and second logic signals; anda logic circuit configured to prevent reset of said set/reset flip-flop by said second logic signal before a minimum time interval has elapsed from a most recent active edge of said first logic signal, and to ensure reset of said set/reset flip-flop by the end of a maximum time interval from the most recent active edge of the first logic signal.2. The control circuit of claim 1 , wherein said logic circuit comprises:a first monostable multivibrator configured to output a first logic value for said minimum time interval starting from active edges of said first logic signal, and to otherwise output a second logic value;a second monostable multivibrator configured to output a third logic ...

POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT

There is provided a power supply circuit. A switching regulator is configured to drop a battery voltage to a first specific voltage. A series regulator includes a switching element and a capacitor connected at an output stage of the switching element. The series regulator is configured to drop the first specific voltage to a second specific voltage and output the second specific voltage. A control circuit is configured to adjust an amount of electric charge to be accumulated in the capacitor according to a voltage value of the first specific voltage. 1. A power supply circuit comprising:a switching regulator configured to drop a battery voltage to a first specific voltage;a series regulator including a switching element and a capacitor connected at an output stage of the switching element, the series regulator configured to drop the first specific voltage to a second specific voltage, and output the second specific voltage; anda control circuit configured to adjust an amount of electric charge to be accumulated in the capacitor according to a voltage value of the first specific voltage.2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit is configured to perform control for increasing the electric charge of the capacitor in a case where the first specific voltage is lower than a predetermined voltage claim 1 , and perform control for decreasing the electric charge of the capacitor in a case where the first specific voltage is higher than a predetermined voltage.3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2 ,wherein the series regulator further includes an arithmetic circuit configured to output a signal for controlling an operation state of the switching element according to a voltage value of the second specific voltage, andwherein the control by the control circuit for increasing the electric charge is control for accumulating electric charge from a constant current source in the capacitor, and the control by the control circuit for ...

POWER SUPPLY CONTROLLER

A power supply controller includes a switch circuit to be provided between the power source and the power supply path, the switch circuit switches the power supply from the power source to the load between on and off, and a power-supply-path protection circuit. The power-supply-path protection circuit controls switching operation of the switch circuit according to a power-supply command signal that commands to start or terminate the power supply to the load, to calculate a temperature of the power-supply path, and if the calculated temperature reaches a predetermined upper limit, to inhibit the switch circuit from the power supply, thereby protecting the power-supply path. In a case where the power supply by the switch circuit is inhibited, if the temperature of the power supply path decreases to a predetermined threshold temperature, the power-supply-path protection circuit removes inhibition of the power supply by the switch circuit. 1. A power supply controller to be connected to a power supply path for supplying power from a power source to a load , the power supply controller being configured to control power supply from the power source to the load and comprising:a switch circuit to be provided between the power source and the power supply path, the switch circuit being configured to switch the power supply from the power source to the load between on and off; anda power-supply-path protection circuit configured to control switching operation of the switch circuit according to a power-supply command signal that commands to start or terminate the power supply to the load, to calculate a temperature of the power-supply path, and if the calculated temperature reaches a predetermined upper limit, to inhibit the switch circuit from the power supply, thereby protecting the power-supply path,wherein if the power-supply-path protection circuit receives the power supply command signal which commands to terminate the power supply to the load in case the power supply by ...

CONTROL CIRCUIT HAVING SIGNAL PROCESSING CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR DRIVING THE CONTROL CIRCUIT

Disclosed is a signal processing circuit including an analog-to-digital converter, an arithmetic processing unit electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and a first register electrically connected to the arithmetic processing unit. The extremely small off-state current of a transistor included in the first register allows the first register to retain a signal output from the arithmetic processing unit. This structure enables stationary driving of a load even if the signal processing circuit is turned off, which contributes to a reduction in power consumption of an electronic device having the load. 1. A control circuit comprising: an analog-to-digital converter;', 'an arithmetic processing unit electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter; and', 'a first register electrically connected to the arithmetic processing unit,, 'a signal processing circuit which compriseswherein the first register is configured to retain a signal output from the arithmetic processing unit.2. The control circuit according to claim 1 ,wherein the first register comprises a transistor comprising an oxide semiconductor in a channel region.3. The control circuit according to claim 1 , further comprising a pulse width modulator electrically connected to the arithmetic processing unit claim 1 , a digital pulse width modulator which is electrically connected to the arithmetic processing unit and comprises a second register; and', 'a clock generation circuit electrically connected to the digital pulse width modulator., 'wherein the pulse width modulator comprises4. The control circuit according to claim 3 ,wherein the pulse width modulator is configured to retain the signal output from the arithmetic processing unit in the second register and to output one of a high level signal and a low level signal depending on a count number of a clock pulse output from the clock generation circuit.5. An electronic device comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00003', 'claim 3 ...

CHARGE-PUMP VOLTAGE DIVIDER AND ASSOCIATED CONTROL METHOD

The embodiments of the present invention disclose a charge-pump voltage divider and associated start-up method. The charge-pump voltage divider comprises a start-up circuit that can regulate an inrush current during start up. The start-up circuit comprises a switch, which operates in linear region state during start-up, and operates in switching state after the start-up completes. The charge-pump voltage divider may further comprise a load control switch configured to ensure the start-up is independent of a load current. 1. A charge-pump voltage divider , comprising:a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch sequentially connected in series between an input terminal and ground;a first capacitor having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to a common connection of the first switch and the second switch, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to a common connection of the third switch and the fourth switch;a second capacitor having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the second capacitor is coupled to a common connection of the second switch and the fourth switch, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to ground; anda start-up circuit, comprising the first switch, wherein, during the start up of the charge-pump voltage divider, the start-up circuit is configured to control the first switch to operate in linear region.2. The charge-pump voltage divider of claim 1 , further comprising a load control switch having a first terminal and a second terminal; whereinthe first terminal of the load control switch is coupled to a load of the charge-pump voltage divider, and the second terminal of the load control switch is connected to ground; and whereinthe load control switch is OFF during the start up to disconnect the load from the charge-pump voltage divider, and the load control switch is ON after the start up to ...

System and method of predictive current feedback for switched mode regulators

A predictive current feedback system for a switched mode regulator including a sample and hold network for sampling voltage across a lower switch of the regulator and for providing a hold signal indicative thereof, and a predictive current feedback network which adds an offset adjustment to the hold signal based on a duration of a pulse width of a pulse control signal developed by the regulator. Sampling may be done while the lower switch is on for providing a hold value indicative of inductor current while the pulse control signal is low. The offset adjustment may be added to the hold signal in response to a transient event when the pulse signal is high. The offset may be incremental values after each of incremental time periods after a nominal time period, or may be a time-varying value. Adjustment may be made while the pulse signal is low as well.

Controller, controlling method, and digital dc-dc converter using the controller and the controlling method

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention generates a plurality of clock signals having a frequency according to an output voltage, a plurality of low clock signals of which frequencies are half of frequencies of the plurality of clock signals, and a phase signal corresponding to the output voltage by subtracting an average phase error from a count signal sampled by being synchronized with a reference clock signal from the count result of a first clock signal having the earliest phase among the plurality of clock signals. The average phase error is generated according to a comparison result of a first low clock signal corresponding to the first clock signal and each of other low clock signals among the plurality of low clock signals by being synchronized with the reference clock signal.

HYSTERETIC CURRENT MODE CONTROLLER FOR A BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER WITH LOSSLESS INDUCTOR CURRENT SENSING

A system and circuit for achieving bidirectional hysteretic current mode control of a converter. The system comprises a summer that provides a constant hysteresis and has added switching noise immunity, a comparator, a lossless inductor current sense means and a converter. A circuit using the inductors internal resistance for sensing the current through an inductor in a lossless manner is described. The circuit preserves both DC and dynamic current information while incorporating the RC time constant, difference amplifier and signal amplification, all using only one amplifier. This circuit provides excellent common mode and differential noise immunity, while still having a high bandwidth and small group delay of the current signal. A method to accomplish stability of a current mode controlled converter when closing the loop to control the output voltage with very high accuracy and gain is described. 1. A lossless inductor current sensing and signal amplification circuit , comprisinga resistor with its first end connected to the first end of an inductora second resistor with its first end connected to second end of said inductor, said second resistor being of equal value to said first resistora capacitor connected between second end of said first resistor and second end of said second resistora second capacitor connected between second end of said first resistor and grounda third capacitor of equal value to second capacitor, connected between second end of said second resistor to grounda third resistor connected between second end of first resistor and the negative input of an amplifiera fourth resistor, of equal value to said third resistor, connected between second end of said second resistor and the positive input of said amplifiera fifth resistor connected between the negative input of said amplifier and its outputa sixth resistor, of equal value to said fifth resistor, connected between the positive input of said amplifier and a reference voltage2. The circuit ...

MINIMUM ENERGY POINT TRACKING BUCK CONVERTER

This invention involves with a low power IC (Integrated Circuit) with high energy efficiency. This invention describes a Buck converter that can track the minimum energy point of the load. It works by estimating input energy of every sensing period, taking advantage of energy consumption curve of IC in sub-threshold. Energy estimation is implemented with counting conducted pulses, while maintaining constant input energy of each pulse by regulating output voltage and ON time with digital control circuit. With digital control circuit, minimum energy point can be tracked with a lookup table stored inside. Most of this invention's control circuit is digital, with benefits of low power consumption and small chip area. 1. A minimum energy point tracking buck converter comprising an output unit and a regulating unit , an input voltage chopped by the output unit of switching power supply circuit into pulses that are transferred to a load , the regulating unit senses and regulates the output voltage , the regulating unit including a current limit block , a digital control block and a DAC , a comparator comparing an output voltage and an output reference voltage , the comparator having an output and clock signal connected as inputs of an AND gate , the AND gate having an output connected as an S port of a RS trigger and an input of the digital control block the digital control block having a first output that determines an ON time by controlling the current limit block , the digital control block having a second output that determines the output reference voltage with the DAC , a first inverter connecting an OR gate to an output of the current limit block , and a second inverter connecting the OR gate to a maximum duty cycle signal , the OR gate having an output connected to an R port of the RS trigger.2. The minimum energy point tracking buck converter of claim 1 , the RS trigger having an output connected to a power MOSFET via an inverter.3. The minimum energy point ...

Dc-dc converter and operating method thereof

A DC-DC converter includes an interface to receive data having voltage values. A first circuit carries out a voltage transition from a previously received voltage value to a received voltage value (VSEL). A second circuit activates or inactivates the first circuit in response to an activation signal or a stop signal provided by the interface. A third circuit configures the second circuit so that, when new data including a new voltage value is received during a voltage transition, the second circuit interprets the stop signal as an activation signal for the first circuit to carry out a new voltage transition. The setting circuit sets at least one parameter needed by the first circuit to carry out the new voltage transition in response to the new data and before the end of the new voltage transition.

Voltage converter

This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for voltage conversion. In one aspect, a voltage converter includes a first feedback loop monitoring one of two converter outputs of opposite polarity. The converter may further include a second feedback loop for monitoring a weighted sum of the two converter outputs of opposite polarity. In another aspect, a voltage converter may include level shifters for driving switches coupled to a boost inductor. The voltage converter may switch at least one voltage rail coupled to the level shifters from a first voltage level to a second voltage level.

BUCK CONVERTER WITH REVERSE CURRENT PROTECTION, AND A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

A buck converter is disclosed comprising a series combination of high-side and low-side switches, and including a protection switch in anti-series with the high-side switch. The protection switch is controlled by means of a shutter switch, which is powered from the output of the converter and gated from the half bridge node of the converter. 1. A buck converter having an input and an output and comprising:a high-side switch, a low-side switch, a protection switch and a shutter switch, each having a respective control terminal and respective first and second main terminals;the first low-side main terminal being connected to a ground,the second low-side main terminal and the first high-side main terminal being connected to a converter node,the second high-side main terminal being connected to the second protection main terminal and the first protection main terminal being connected to an input node such that the high-side switch and the protection switch are in anti-series,the first shutter main terminal being connected to the protection control terminal,the shutter control terminal being electrically coupled to the input node,and the second main shutter terminal being connected to the output.2. A buck converter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the high-side switch claim 1 , low-side switch claim 1 , protection switch and shutter switch comprises a MOS transistor.3. A buck converter as claimed in in which the shutter control terminal is electrically coupled to the input node by a floating supply for providing an offset voltage from a voltage at the input node claim 1 , and wherein the protection switch is a PMOS transistor.4. A buck converter as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a resistive component between the protection control terminal and the second protection main terminal.5. A buck converter as claimed in wherein the shutter control terminal is electrically directly coupled to the input node claim 1 , and wherein the protection switch is a ...

CURRENT OUTPUT CONTROL DEVICE, CURRENT OUTPUT CONTROL METHOD, DIGITALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR, DIGITAL PLL, FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, DIGITAL FLL, AND SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

A current output control device is provided that includes: a current cell array section including plural current cell circuits that are each connected in parallel between a first terminal (power source) and a second terminal (ground) that connect between the first terminal and the second terminal in by operation ON so as to increase control current flowing between the first terminal and the second terminal; and a code conversion section (decoder) that generates signals (row codes, column codes) to ON/OFF control current cells so as to change the number of current cells that connect the first terminal and the second terminal according to change in an externally input code and that inputs the generated signals to the current cell array section. 1. A current output control device comprising:a current cell array section including a plurality of current cell circuits that are each connected in parallel between a first terminal and a second terminal, whose ON/OFF state is switched by an input signal, that disconnect from the first terminal and the second terminal in the OFF state, that connect between the first terminal and the second terminal in the ON state so as to increase current flowing between the first terminal and the second terminal; anda code conversion section that generates signals to change a number of current cell circuits that are in the ON state according to change in an externally input code and that inputs the generated signals to the respective current cell circuits.2. The current output control device of claim 1 , wherein the code conversion section generates the signals and inputs the signals to the respective current cell circuits such that a greater number of the current cell circuits are in the ON state as the input code progresses to active in sequence from a specific position.3. The current output control device of claim 1 , wherein:the current cell array section arrays the current cell circuits in an M row×N column array; and{'sup': st', 'th', ...

CONTROL WITH HYSTERESIS OF AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE USING A PULSE-WIDTH MODULATED SIGNAL

A device and switching method for a circuit for generating an output voltage (Vout) via a control signal (CTRL) with two pulse-width modulated states are described. The control signal (CTRL) frequency (Fq) is measured. In order to generate the control signal (CTRL), either a first hysteresis comparator () or a second hysteresis comparator () is enabled depending on the control signal (CTRL) measured frequency (Fq). Advantageously, the voltage thresholds of the hysteresis comparators and at least one frequency threshold can be chosen in such a manner as to avoid the control signal (CTRL) frequency (Fq) entering into forbidden frequency bands. 1. An electronic device comprising:{'b': 20', '21, 'a switched circuit () having an output () designed to deliver an output voltage (Vout), and controlled by a control signal (CTRL) with two pulse-width modulated states;'}{'b': '31', 'a first hysteresis comparator (), with a first low-voltage threshold (Vmin) and a first high-voltage threshold (Vmax) higher than said first low-voltage threshold (Vmin), designed, when it is enabled, to generate the control signal (CTRL) depending on the result of the comparison between the output voltage (Vout), on the one hand, and the first low-voltage threshold (Vmin) and the first high-voltage threshold (Vmax), on the other;'}{'b': 32', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'at least a second hysteresis comparator (), with a second low-voltage threshold (Vmin) and a second high-voltage threshold (Vmax) higher than said second low-voltage threshold (Vmin), designed, when it is enabled, to generate the control signal (CTRL) depending on the result of the comparison between the output voltage (Vout), on the one hand, and the second low-voltage threshold (Vmin) and the second high-voltage threshold (Vmax), on the other, the difference between the second high-voltage threshold (Vmax) and the second low-voltage threshold (Vmin) being less than the difference between the first high-voltage threshold ( ...

Inverting Buck-Boost Using Single-Inductor Boost and Charge Pump with a Grounded Switch

The disclosed methodology for buck-boost inverted voltage conversion uses a boost stage coupled to a charge pump stage at a switch node controlled by a transistor switch coupled between the switch node and ground. The boost stage includes a boost inductor coupled between an input supply voltage and the switch node, and the charge pump stage includes a charge pump capacitor coupled between the switch node and a pump node which is coupled to the load and an output capacitor in parallel with the load. The regulated inverted output voltage is supplied to the output capacitor and the load by: (a) in a first phase, switching the transistor switch to conducting to couple the switch node to ground, and thereby (i) transferring energy from a source of input voltage source to the boost inductor, and (ii) transferring energy from a charge pump capacitor to the output node, and (b) in the second phase, switching the transistor switch to non-conducting and clamping the charge pump capacitor at a positive reference voltage, and thereby transferring energy from the boost inductor to the charge pump capacitor. In one embodiment, the positive reference voltage is the input voltage (i.e., during the second phase, the charge pump capacitor is clamped to the input voltage). 1. An inverting buck-boost converter for supplying a regulated voltage to a load by converting a positive input voltage with a predetermined range into a regulated inverted output voltage with a magnitude greater or less than the magnitude of the input voltage , the inverting buck-boost converter operable with a boost inductor and an output capacitor coupled in parallel with the load , the inverting buck-boost converter comprising:a boost stage including the boost inductor coupled between a source of the input voltage and a switch node;a charge pump stage including a charge pump capacitor and a charge transfer network, the charge pump capacitor coupled between the switch node and a pump node, which is coupled by the ...

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT WITH VOLTAGE CONVERSION

An integrated circuit may include a signal generator configured to generate a switching signal and a switching unit coupled to the signal generator. The switching unit may be configured to generate a pulsed current based on the switching signal using a first voltage. The integrated circuit may also include an inductive unit coupled to the switching unit. The inductive unit may be configured to receive the pulsed current and to generate a second voltage different from the first voltage. 1. An integrated circuit comprising:an input node configured to be coupled to a first voltage;a signal generator configured to generate a switching signal;a switching unit coupled to the signal generator, the switching unit comprising a plurality of switches that each comprise a plurality of transistors, the plurality of switches configured to generate a pulsed current based on the switching signal using the first voltage;an inductive unit coupled to the switching unit, the inductive unit configured to receive the pulsed current and generate a second voltage different from the first voltage;an avalanche photodiode configured to receive the second voltage; anda substrate upon which the avalanche photodiode, the inductive unit, the switching unit, and the signal generator are formed.2. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the switching signal has a frequency greater than fifty megahertz.3. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of transistors in each switch are arranged in a stacked formation.4. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the second voltage is greater in magnitude than the first voltage.5. An integrated circuit comprising:a signal generator configured to generate a switching signal;a switching unit coupled to the signal generator, the switching unit configured to generate a pulsed current based on the switching signal using a first voltage; andan inductive unit coupled to the switching unit, the inductive unit configured to receive the pulsed ...

DEVICES AND COMPONENTS FOR POWER CONVERSION CIRCUITS

A circuit includes a switching device comprising a control terminal and first and second power terminals, and an inductive element having a first terminal electrically connected to the second power terminal of the switching device. The electronic circuit is configured such that in a first mode of operation, the control terminal of the switching device is biased off, current flows through the inductive element, and the switching device blocks a first voltage. In a second mode of operation, the control terminal of the switching device is biased off, and voltage blocked by the switching device decreases from the first voltage to a second voltage. In a third mode of operation, the control terminal of the switching device is biased on and the current flowing through the inductive element flows through the switching device. 1. An electronic circuit , comprising:a switching device comprising a control terminal and first and second power terminals; andan inductive element having a first terminal electrically connected to the second power terminal of the switching device; whereinthe electronic circuit is configured such that in a first mode of operation the control terminal of the switching device is biased off, a current flows through the inductive element, and the switching device blocks a first voltage, in a second mode of operation the control terminal of the switching device is biased off and voltage blocked by the switching device decreases from the first voltage to a second voltage, and in a third mode of operation the control terminal of the switching device is biased on and the current flowing through the inductive element flows through the switching device; andthe switching device is configured such that an output capacitance of the switching device while the first and second power terminals are at substantially the same voltage is less than 100 times the output capacitance of the switching device while the device is blocking at least 600V.2. The electronic circuit ...

DC-DC CONVERTER AND SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

A DC-DC converter includes: a high-side switch; a low-side switch coupled to the high-side switch in series; a capacitor configured to be charged while the low-side switch is turned on and to increase a driving voltage for turning on the high-side switch by a charged voltage; a buffer configured to output a control signal for controlling the high-side switch; a latch configured to receive the control signal at a first input terminal, retain the control signal, and output the control signal to the high-side switch; and a switch configured to receive the control signal from the latch and deactivate the buffer. 1. A DC-DC converter comprising:a high-side switch;a low-side switch coupled to the high-side switch in series;a capacitor configured to be charged while the low-side switch is turned on and to increase a driving voltage for turning on the high-side switch by a charged voltage;a buffer configured to output a control signal for controlling the high-side switch;a latch configured to receive the control signal at a first input terminal, retain the control signal, and output the control signal to the high-side switch; anda switch configured to receive the control signal from the latch and deactivate the buffer.2. The DC-DC converter according to claim 1 , further comprising:a second buffer configured to receive an inverted signal of the control signal and output the inverted signal to a second input terminal of the latch.3. The DC-DC converter according to claim 2 , wherein the latch continues to output claim 2 , in accordance with the inverted signal claim 2 , the control signal for turning on the high-side switch to the high-side switch after deactivation of the buffer.4. The DC-DC converter according to claim 2 , further comprising:a second switch configured to deactivate the second buffer in accordance with the control signal for turning off the high-side switch from the latch.5. The DC-DC converter according to claim 1 , wherein the high-side switch has a N- ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A MULTIPHASE INTERLEAVING CONVERTER AND CORRESPONDING CONTROLLER

A method is provided for controlling a converter of the multiphase interleaving type. According to the method, there is detected when a change of the load applied to an output terminal of the converter occurs. All the phases of the converter are simultaneously turned off, and a driving interleaving phase shift is recovered so as to restart a normal operation of the converter. A controller for carrying out such a method is also provided. 1. A method for controlling a converter of the multiphase interleaving type , the converter including a plurality of phases , the method comprising the steps of:detecting when a change of a load applied to an output terminal of the converter occurs;providing an output comparator having at least one input terminal receiving an inner signal of the converter, and an output terminal connected to the output terminal of the controller for generating a turn-off control signal for the phases of the converter;providing a switch having an output terminal connected to at least one input terminal of the output comparator;providing an oscillator connected to the switch;in response to the turn-off control signal, simultaneously turning off all of the phases of the converter; andrecovering a driving interleaving phase shift so as to restart a normal operation of the converter,wherein the switch comprises a transistor coupled between a second voltage reference and the oscillator.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the recovering step comprises making an OR-type comparison between the turn-off control signal and the driving signals of the phases.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of providing a flip-flop having at least one output terminal connected to the switch.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the transistor has a control terminal connected to the flip-flop.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the transistor has a first conduction terminal connected to the second voltage reference and a ...

SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AND POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT

A semiconductor integrated circuit that includes: a capacitive element that has a first end connected to a first node and a second end connected to a second node of higher electrical potential than the first node; and a semiconductor element that has a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode respectively formed in a second conducting region, the second conducting region being formed with a different conducting type to a first conducting region, and the first conducting region formed on a substrate, with the source electrode and the second conducting region connected to the first node, and the first conducting region connected to the second node. 1. A semiconductor integrated circuit comprising:a capacitive element that has a first end connected to a first node and a second end connected to a second node of higher electrical potential than the first node; anda semiconductor element that has a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode respectively formed in a second conducting region, the second conducting region being formed with a different conducting type to a first conducting region, and the first conducting region formed on a substrate, with the source electrode and the second conducting region connected to the first node, and the first conducting region connected to the second node.2. The semiconductor integrated circuit of claim 1 , whereinthe capacitive element is formed with the source electrode, the drain electrode and the first conducting region of the semiconductor element connected to the first node, and the gate electrode of the semiconductor element connected to the second node.3. A semiconductor integrated circuit comprising:a first terminal connected to a first end of a capacitive element;a second terminal connected to a second end of the capacitive element at a higher electrical potential than the first terminal;a semiconductor element that has a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode respectively ...

Current-Mode Controller for Step-Down (Buck) Converter

A current-mode regulator relies on indirect current measurement to facilitate slope compensation used to stabilize the operation of a buck converter. The current-mode regulator comprises an inductor, a switching network, and a controller. The inductor delivers an output current to a load. The switching network selectively connects the inductor input to an input voltage or a second voltage. The regulator controls the switching network. An inner loop control circuit of the regulator comprises the switching network, a current measuring circuit, a slope circuit, a comparator, and a switching controller. The current measuring circuit comprises a passive network connected to the inductor input and operative to indicate an inductor current as a measurement voltage. The slope circuit applies a time-varying voltage having a positive slope to the measurement voltage. The comparator compares a slope compensated measurement voltage to the control voltage. The switching regulator controls the switching network in response to the output of the comparator. 1. A current-mode regulator for a buck converter , the regulator comprising:a power inductor having an input and an output, and operative to deliver an output current from the power inductor output to a load;a switching network operative to selectively connect the power inductor input to an input voltage or a second voltage; and the switching network;', 'a current measuring circuit comprising a passive network connected to the power inductor input and operative to indicate a power inductor current as a measurement voltage;', 'a slope circuit connected between the current measuring circuit and the output, the slope circuit operative to apply a time-varying voltage having a positive slope to the measurement voltage to generate a slope compensated measurement voltage;', 'a comparator operative to compare the slope compensated measurement voltage to a control voltage; and', 'a switching controller operative to control the switching ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR DC-DC CONVERTER HAVING DITHERED SLOPE COMPENSATION

Methods and apparatus for a circuit including a DC-DC converter comprising: a boost converter to provide a DC voltage output from a DC input voltage, the DC output voltage configured to connect with a first load terminal, a feedback module configured to connect with a second load terminal, a switching module having a switching element coupled to the boost converter, and a control circuit coupled to the switching module to control operation of the switching element, the control circuit coupled to the feedback module, wherein the control circuit includes a slope generator to generate a ramp signal having a slope that can vary cycle to cycle. 1. A circuit , comprising:a DC-DC converter comprising:a boost converter to provide a DC voltage output from a DC input voltage, the DC output voltage configured to connect with a first load terminal;a feedback module configured to connect with a second load terminal;a switching module having a switching element coupled to the boost converter; anda control circuit coupled to the feedback module and to the switching module to generate a control signal to control operation of the switching element, wherein the control circuit includes a slope generator to generate a ramp signal having a slope that can vary cycle to cycle, wherein the ramp signal is initiated by a clock signal that varies cycle-to-cycle, such that the control signal for the switching element corresponds to the ramp signal, wherein the switching element has a duty cycle that varies cycle to cycle and a duty cycle on-time that varies cycle to cycle.2. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the DC-DC converter comprises a voltage-mode converter.3. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the DC-DC converter comprises a current-mode converter.4. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit includes a pulse-width modulation circuit.5. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit includes a comparator having an output coupled to ...

SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY, CONTROL CIRCUIT AND ASSOCIATED CONTROL METHOD

A switch mode power supply having an output terminal configured to provide an output voltage which is regulated to an output target, the switch mode power supply has a first switch and a control circuit. When the output voltage increases to a first threshold voltage, the control circuit is configured to turn OFF the first switch until a time period expires. 1. A control circuit for controlling a switch mode power supply , the switch mode power supply having an output terminal configured to provide an output voltage which is configured to regulate to an output target , the switch mode power supply comprises a first switch having a control terminal , wherein the control circuit comprising:a switching control unit, having an output terminal, wherein the output terminal is configured to provide a pulse signal based on the output voltage and the output target;an overshoot control unit, having an output terminal, wherein the output terminal is configured to provide an overshoot control signal based on the output voltage and a first threshold voltage; anda first logic unit, having a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal is coupled to the output terminal of the switching control unit to receive the pulse signal, the second input terminal is coupled to the output terminal of the overshoot control unit to receive the overshoot control signal, and the output terminal is configured to provide a switching control signal to the control terminal of the first switch based on the pulse signal and the overshoot control signal; and whereinthe first switch is turned OFF when the overshoot control signal is in a first state, and the first switch is controlled based on the pulse signal when the overshoot control signal is in a second state.2. The control circuit of claim 1 , wherein the overshoot control signal is configured to transit to the first state when the output voltage increases to the first threshold voltage claim ...

Power Supply Module

A power supply module is disclosed. The power supply module includes: a coil including a coil body and connecting ends; electronic components including at least an integrated circuit chip; a magnetic core which encloses the coil body, wherein at least one side of the magnetic core has a cavity provided therein, and the at least one electronic component is positioned in the cavity; a connector, which abuts against the side of the magnetic core having the cavity therein, covers the surface of the side, and is electronically connected to the coil and the electronic components. The power supply module is able to reduce the damage to the integrated circuit chip, decrease electromagnetic interferences and achieve an excellent cooling effect. 1. A power supply module , comprising:a coil, comprising a coil body and connecting ends;electronic components, comprising at least an integrated circuit chip;a magnetic core, enclosing the coil body, wherein at least one side of the magnetic core is provided with a cavity, and the electronic components are positioned in the cavity; anda connector, abutting against a side of the magnetic core having the cavity thereon, covering the surface of the side, and electronically connected to the coil and the electronic components.2. The power supply module of claim 1 , wherein the connector s a printed circuit board.3. The power supply module of claim 1 , wherein the connector comprises a connecting circuit and a plastic insulating substrate which encloses the connecting circuit.4. The power supply module of claim 3 , wherein the magnetic core is a hexahedron and has two adjacent sides claim 3 , the cavity is provided in at least one of the two adjacent sides claim 3 , and the insulating substrate abuts against both the two adjacent sides.5. The power supply module of claim 3 , wherein the magnetic core is a hexahedron and has two opposite sides and a side between the two opposite sides claim 3 , the cavity is provided in at least one of the ...

SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY

A switching power supply comprises a noise detecting circuit and a canceling signal generating circuit. The noise detecting circuit detects GND bounce noise developing on a ground line of the control circuit accompanying switching operation of a switching element. The canceling signal generating circuit generates a canceling signal corresponding to the GND bounce noise and in a reversed phase, and adds the canceling signal to the ground line when the noise detecting circuit detects the GND bounce noise. In an embodiment, the canceling signal generating circuit generates a canceling signal based on the current flowing through the switching element. In another embodiment, the canceling signal generating circuit generates a canceling signal of a pulse signal with a pulse height equal to a threshold level for detection determination of the GND bounce noise in the noise detecting circuit. 1. A switching power supply comprising:a main body of the switching power supply that performs switching operation of input voltage through switching a switching element to obtain a specified output voltage;a control circuit that ON/OFF drives the switching element at a predetermined frequency;a noise detecting circuit that detects GND bounce noise developed on a ground line of the control circuit accompanying the switching of the switching element; anda canceling signal generating circuit that generates a canceling signal corresponding to the GND bounce noise and in a reversed phase with respect to the GND bounce noise and adds the canceling signal onto the ground line of the control circuit when the noise detecting circuit detects the GND bounce noise.2. The switching power supply according to claim 1 , whereinthe noise detecting circuit and the canceling signal generating circuit are installed in the control circuit.3. The switching power supply according to claim 1 , whereinthe noise detecting circuit detects the GND bounce noise based on electric potential variation on the ground ...

Sensorless Current Sense for Regulating Inductor Current in a Buck Converter

A device and method for sensing an inductor current in an inductor is provided that generates a voltage signal proportionate to the inductor current if the inductor is connected to a positive supply and simulates the inductor current if the inductor is not connected to the positive supply. The voltage signal may be generated by sampling an input voltage from the inductor onto a capacitor if the inductor is connected to the positive supply. The inductor current may be simulated by generating a simulation current and pushing the simulation current onto the capacitor. 1. A method for sensing an inductor current in an inductor , the method comprising:generating a voltage signal proportionate to the inductor current if the inductor is connected to a positive supply; andsimulating the inductor current if the inductor is not connected to the positive supply.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the generating further comprises:sampling an input voltage from the inductor onto a capacitor if the inductor is connected to the positive supply.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the simulating further comprises:generating a simulation current; andpushing the simulation current onto a capacitor.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the simulation current has a proportionality constant approximately equal to a proportionality constant of the voltage signal.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:comparing a capacitor voltage at a capacitor to a reference voltage; andconnecting a positive supply to an output node to regulate the inductor current if the capacitor voltage is greater than the reference voltage.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the generating generates a current according to:{'br': None, 'i': I=k*R', '*V', 'c, 'sub': 'ds(on)', 'out+'}where k is a constant,{'sub': 'ds(on)', 'Ris a resistance of a switch connecting the inductor to the positive supply,'}Vout is an output voltage, andc is a constant.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein c is calculated according to:{'br': ...

DC-DC CONVERTER AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

A DC-DC converter and a method of controlling an inductor-based switching-mode DC-DC converter in a discontinuous conduction mode are disclosed. In one aspect the method includes providing a DC-DC converter having a first and second switching elements, and, in each conversion cycle, first, turning on a first switching element, while maintaining a second switching element in off state, thereby increasing the current through an inductor. The method also includes detecting when a voltage signal at one connection node of the inductor reaches a first threshold value for the first time after the start of the conversion cycle, and turning on the second switching element, while maintaining the first switching element in off state, thereby decreasing the inductor current. 1. A method of controlling an inductor-based switching-mode DC-DC converter comprising an inductor , a first switching element and a second switching element , the switching elements being operationally coupled to the inductor so that the inductor is charged and completely discharged in each conversion cycle thereby operating the DC-DC converter in a discontinuous conduction mode , and the method comprising: turning on the first switching element, while maintaining the second switching element in off state, thereby increasing the current through the inductor;', 'turning off the first switching element, while maintaining the second switching element in off state;', 'detecting when a voltage signal at one connection node of the inductor reaches a first threshold value for the first time after the start of the conversion cycle, and triggered by the first threshold value detection, turning on the second switching element, while maintaining the first switching element in off state, thereby decreasing the current through the inductor;', 'detecting when the voltage signal reaches a second threshold value, and triggered by the second threshold value detection, turning off the second switching element, while ...

BOUNDARY CONDUCTION MODE SWITCHING REGULATOR AND DRIVER CIRCUIT AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

A boundary conduction mode (BCM) switching regulator controls a power stage to convert an input voltage to an output voltage or output current. The BCM switching regulator detects whether it is operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) or discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), and adjusts the On-time, Off-time, or frequency of the power stage accordingly, so that the switching regulator operates in or near BCM. 116-. (canceled)17. A control method for controlling a switching regulator , wherein the switching regulator is for converting an input voltage to an output voltage or output current according to a PWM signal , and is capable of operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) , discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) , or boundary conduction mode (BCM) which is between CCM and DCM , the control method comprising:detecting the conduction mode in which the switching regulator is operating, and generating a mode signal indicating whether the switching regulator is operating in DCM or CCM;generating a control signal according to the mode signal; andadjusting On-time, Off-time, or frequency of the PWM signal according to the control signal such that the switching regulator operates in or near BCM,wherein when the switching regulator is operating in DCM, the control signal reduces the On-time or Off-time of the PWM signal, or increases the frequency of the PWM signal, such that the operation of the switching regulator moves from relatively farther to relatively closer to BCM; and when the switching regulator is operating in CCM, the control signal increases the On-time or Off-time of the PWM signal, or reduces the frequency of the PWM signal, such that the operation of the switching regulator moves from relatively farther to relatively closer to BCM.18. The control method of claim 17 , wherein when the switching regulator is operating in DCM claim 17 , reduces the On-time or Off-time of the PWM signal claim 17 , or increases the frequency of the PWM signal; when the ...

VOLTAGE LEVEL CONVERTING CIRCUIT AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE USING THE SAME

A circuit for an electronic device translates logic-low and logic-high voltage levels into other voltage levels suitable for digital intercommunication between the host electronic device and external devices, and between different external devices. The circuit comprises a power supply, a processing module, a communicating module, and a voltage converting module. The power supply provides a first voltage, a second voltage, and a pulse voltage with a predetermined duty cycle. The voltage level converting module converts incoming or outgoing logic voltage levels between a first mode and a second or more modes. 1. An electronic device capable of communicating with external devices , comprising:a power supply adapted to provide a first voltage, a second voltage, and a pulse voltage with a predetermined duty cycle;a processing module;a communicating module; anda voltage level converting module adapted to convert logic voltage levels between a first mode and a second mode;wherein the voltage level converting module comprises a voltage converting module and a first converting module; the voltage level converting module converts the pulsed voltage into a third voltage; the first converting module converts the logic voltage levels in the first mode generated by the processing module to the logic voltage levels in the second mode to transmit to the external devices through the communicating module based on the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage.2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the voltage converting circuit further comprises a second converting module; the communicating module receives the logic voltage in the second mode from the external devices; the second converting module converts the logic voltage levels in the second mode received by the communicating module into the logic voltage levels in the first mode to transmit to the processing module based on the second voltage.3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the power supply ...

CONSTANT VOLTAGE SUPPLY CONSTRUCTED USING A CONSTANT CURRENT BOOST CONTROLLER

A constant voltage supply uses a constant current boost switching controller to generate an output voltage having a substantially constant voltage magnitude. The constant voltage supply thus constructed realizes fast transient response with small output capacitance. 1. A constant voltage supply , comprising:an inductor having a first terminal coupled to an input voltage and a second terminal;a diode having an anode terminal coupled to the second terminal of the inductor and a cathode terminal coupled to an output voltage node;a constant current boost switching controller configured to control a first switch, the first switch having a first current handling terminal coupled to the second terminal of the inductor and a second current handling terminal coupled to a first resistor, the first resistor being coupled between the second current handling terminal of the first switch and a ground potential to sense a current flowing through the first switch, the sensed current being provided to the constant current boost switching controller as a feedback current signal;a capacitor coupled between the output voltage node and the ground potential; anda resistor divider comprising a second resistor and a third resistor connected in series between the output voltage node and the ground potential, a feedback voltage signal being generated at a node between the second and third resistors and the feedback voltage signal being provided to the constant current boost switching controller,wherein the constant current boost switching controller controls the first switch to turn on and off at a given duty cycle based on the feedback current signal and the feedback voltage signal so as to generate an output voltage having a substantially constant voltage magnitude at the output voltage node, the output voltage having a voltage value greater than the input voltage.2. The constant voltage supply of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor comprises two or more capacitors connected in parallel ...

LOAD DRIVING DEVICE AND LED LIGHTING APPLIANCE THEREWITH

A load driving device has a switch N, a driver that performs on/off control of the switch in accordance with SWON, a comparator that compares Vdet1 with Vth, and based on a result of the comparison, generates IPEAKDET, an ADC that converts Vdet1 into ADCOUT, a DAC that converts IPEAKSET into Vth, and a logic portion that, upon receiving inputs of IPEAKDET and ADCOUT, outputs SWON and IPEAKSET. The logic portion includes a computation circuit that calculates Y1 by using a computation equation expressed by Y1=AVE×α+Δ×Ton/2 (where Y1: a signal value of IPEAKSET; AVE: an average current set value of an output current; α: an adjustment coefficient for AVE; Ton: an on period; Δ: a change rate of AVCOUT). The computation circuit determines a in accordance with computation mode setting signals ISO and PFC. 1. A load driving device , comprising:a switch for performing switching control of an output current flowing through a load;a driver that performs on/off control of the switch in accordance with a switch control signal;a comparator that compares a current detection voltage corresponding to a sense current flowing through the switch with a current peak setting voltage, and based on a result of the comparison, generates a current peak detection signal;an AD converter that converts the current detection voltage into a current detection signal;a DA converter that converts a current peak setting signal into the current peak setting voltage; anda logic portion that, upon receiving inputs of the current peak detection signal and the current detection signal, outputs the switch control signal and the current peak setting signal,wherein the logic portion includes a computation circuit that calculates a signal value of the current peak setting signal by using a computation equation expressed by Y1=AVE×α+Δ×Ton/2, where a signal value of the current peak setting signal is denoted as Y1, an average current set value of the output current as AVE, an adjustment coefficient for the ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE INCLUDING SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION

A semiconductor device is described that includes a switch to switch a load current path on and off according to an input signal. The device further includes an over-current detector to compare a load current with a threshold and to signal an over-current when the load current reaches or exceeds the threshold. The device further includes a control unit to set the threshold to a higher value while in a first state of operation and to a lower value while in a second state of operation, and to at least temporarily switch the switch off when an over-current is signalled, change from the first state of operation to the second state of operation when a first pre-defined time span has elapsed, and to change from the from the second state of operation to the first state when the switch is off for more than a second pre-defined time span. 1. A semiconductor device comprising:an electronic switch that is configured to switch a load current path between a supply terminal having a supply voltage and an output circuit node on and off in accordance with an input signal;an over-current detector that is configured to compare a load current signal that represents the load current passing through the load current path with an over-current threshold and to signal an over-current when the load current signal reaches or exceeds the over-current threshold;a control unit operable in a first and a second state of operation and configured to:generate a control signal to switch the electronic switch on and off in accordance with the input signal;set the over-current threshold to a first, higher value while in the first state of operation and to set the over-current threshold to a second, lower value while in the second state of operation;at least temporarily switch the electronic off when an over-current is signalled;change from the first state of operation to the second state of operation when a first pre-defined time span has elapsed; andchange from the from the second state of operation ...

Digitally controlled non-inverting buck-boost dc-dc converter system

A digitally controlled non-inverting buck-boost DC-DC converter system including a non-inverting buck-boost DC-to-DC converter control module and a negative feedback module and applicable for a radio frequency circuit module is revealed. By locking a duty cycle to two specific levels, the non-inverting buck-boost DC-to-DC converter control module only needs a single operation mode to achieve the required effects. Simultaneously, pulse-skipping phenomenon is also avoided. Furthermore, a reference voltage is modified through a reference voltage correction circuit of the negative feedback module to eliminate errors between previous DC output voltage and the reference voltage. Thereby the DC output voltage can remain in a stable state so as to reduce operational defects during the mode transition.

SUPPLY CIRCUIT IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM OF A PROTECTIVE HEADGEAR, PROTECTIVE HEADGEAR WITH SUCH A SUPPLY CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SUCH A SUPPLY CIRCUIT

A power source () supply circuit () is provided in a communication system of protective headgear for supplying a communication system from a power source () associated with the protective headgear. The supply circuit () includes a boost converter () for better utilization of the electric power supplied by the power source (). Protective headgear is provided with such a supply circuit () for supplying the protective headgear. A method is also provided for operating such a supply circuit (). 1. A protective headgear communication system supply circuit for supplying a protective headgear communication system from a power source associated with the protective headgear , the supply circuit comprising:a supply circuit input connected to the power source;a supply circuit output; anda boost converter connected between the input and the output.2. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising a voltage limiter connected between the boost converter and the output.3. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the voltage limiter comprises a Zener diode.4. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising an inverse diode connected between the boost converter and the input.5. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 4 , further comprising a thermal cutout between the inverse diode and the boost converter.6. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 5 , wherein the supply circuit output comprises a plurality of tapping sites for tapping a respective output voltage claim 5 , each of the tapping sites being protected by a resistive protector.7. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising an encapsulation surrounding the supply circuit.8. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 7 , wherein the encapsulation comprises a sealing medium and the supply circuit is embedded in the sealing medium.9. A supply circuit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the power supply comprises a plurality of batteries connected in ...

POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT AND HYSTERESIS BUCK CONVERTER

A power supply unit converting a DC power supply using an inductor includes a feedback circuit dividing an output voltage being output from a first end of the inductor to convert the output voltage into a first feedback voltage; a differentiator differentiating the first feedback voltage to convert the first feedback voltage into a second feedback voltage; a hysteresis comparator comparing a level of the second feedback voltage with a reference voltage band to output a comparison signal; and a switch pulling an input voltage up or pulling the input voltage down to the second end of the inductor with reference to the comparison signal. 1. A power supply unit converting a DC power supply using an inductor comprising:a feedback circuit dividing an output voltage being output from a first end of the inductor to convert the output voltage into a first feedback voltage;a differentiator differentiating the first feedback voltage to convert the first feedback voltage into a second feedback voltage;a hysteresis comparator comparing a level of the second feedback voltage with a reference voltage band to output a comparison signal; anda switch performing at least one of pulling up a second end of the inductor with an input voltage or pulling down the second end of the inductor in response to the comparison signal.2. The power supply unit of claim 1 , wherein the differentiator controls a delay such that a phase of the second feedback voltage is synchronized with a phase of a current flowing through the inductor.3. The power supply unit of claim 2 , wherein a waveform of the second feedback voltage is configured to restore a waveform of the current flowing through the inductor.4. The power supply unit of claim 1 , wherein the differentiator comprises:an operational amplifier receiving the first feedback voltage through a non-inverting terminal;a capacitor connected between an inverting terminal of the operational amplifier and a ground; anda resistor connected between an output ...

POWER SUPPLY DEVICE WITH SHARED INDUCTIVE ELEMENTS UNDER SWITCH CONTROL

A power supply device is responsive to load changes. The power supply device includes a switch control circuit, a charge control circuit, and a discharge control circuit. The switch control circuit controls switches so that electrical power is charged into an inductor, discharged from the inductor, and distributed to first and second capacitors in a time-division manner based on a switching cycle. The charge control circuit controls the amount of electrical power to be charged into the inductor based on a first amount of error between a first output power supply voltage and its target value and a second amount of error between a second output power supply voltage and its target value. The discharge control circuit controls a distribution ratio at which the electrical power discharged from the inductor is distributed to the first and second capacitors based on the ratio between the first and second amounts of error. 1. A power supply device comprising:a plurality of switches;an inductor configured to charge and discharge electrical power in response to the plurality of switches;a first capacitor configured to generate a first output power supply voltage with electrical power discharged from the inductor;a second capacitor configured to generate a second output power supply voltage with electrical power discharged from the inductor;a switch control circuit configured to control the plurality of switches so that electrical power is charged into the inductor, discharged from the inductor, and distributed to the first and second capacitors in a time-division manner based on a switching cycle;a first control circuit configured to control an amount of electrical power to be charged into the inductor based on a first amount of error between the first output power supply voltage and a first target value thereof, and a second amount of error between the second outpour power supply voltage and a second target value thereof; anda second control circuit configured to control a ...

PULSE WIDTH MODULATION POWER CONVERTER AND CONTROL METHOD

In a Pulse Width Modulation power converter and control method, wherein one of the operating modes steady state or load transient is detected. For either of the two operating modes one set of PID coefficients is provided for the control law that controls the duty ratio command. In case a load transient is detected, the KP gain is selected adaptively. Operating mode detection is supported by oversampling the error signal. 1. A pulse width modulation power converter , comprising:an output stage generating an output voltage according to a pulse width modulation signal and an input voltage by a switching element,means for providing an output voltage reference,an analog digital converter connected to the output stage and the means for providing an output voltage reference, sampling and amplifying a difference between the output voltage and the output voltage reference to generate an error signal,a PID controller connected to the analog digital converter and the switching element wherein the PID controller is configured by a set of PID coefficients, for determining a duty ratio for a pulse width modulator that generates the pulse width modulation signal,means for detecting a steady state and a load transient,wherein the pulse width modulation converter further comprises storage means for storing a first set of PID coefficients and a second set of PID coefficients,means for selecting a set of PID coefficients,the first set of PID coefficients being selected in case the steady state is detected, and the second set of PID coefficients being selected in case a load transient is detected, wherein the means for detecting a steady state and a load transient comprise means for monitoring the error signal and comparing each value of the error to its predecessor by generating an error signal difference.2. The pulse width modulation power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the means for comparing each value of the error to its predecessor by generating an error signal ...

CONSTANT TIME CONTROLLER AND CONTROLLING METHOD FOR A SWITCHING REGULATOR

In one embodiment, a controlling method for a switching regulator, can include: (i) detecting an output voltage and an inductor current of the switching regulator; (ii) determining if there is a transient change on a load of the switching regulator by using the output voltage and a first reference voltage; (iii) generating a control signal using the output voltage, the inductor current, and a second reference voltage; (iv) controlling a switch of the switching regulator to maintain the output voltage substantially constant when no transient change is determined on the load; and (v) deactivating the control signal to keep the inductor current changing along with a variation tendency of an output current of the switching regulator when a transient change is determined on the load. 1. A controlling method for a switching regulator , the method comprising:a) detecting an output voltage and an inductor current of said switching regulator;b) determining if there is a transient change on a load of said switching regulator by using said output voltage and a first reference voltage;c) generating a control signal using said output voltage, said inductor current, and a second reference voltage;d) controlling a switch of said switching regulator to maintain said output voltage as substantially constant when no transient change is determined on said load; ande) deactivating said control signal to keep said inductor current changing along with a variation tendency of an output current of said switching regulator when a transient change is determined on said load.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:a) said output voltage is detected by voltage-dividing resistors to generate a feedback voltage; andb) said inductor current is detected by an inductor-voltage converter to generate an inductor current sense signal.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein:a) when said load is substantially stable, said switch turns on when said output voltage is detected to have deviated from said second ...

POWER SUPPLY DEVICE AND METHOD OF DETERMINING ABNORMALITY IN POWER SUPPLY DEVICE

A power supply device includes: a first switching element and a flywheel semiconductor element which are connected in series to a first DC power source in this order; and a reactor and a second DC power source which are connected in series in this order to a node between the first switching element and the flywheel semiconductor element. A second switching element and a charge circuit for charging a line between the first switching element and the second switching element are interposed between the reactor and the second DC power source. Abnormality of each element is determined from a voltage of each portion of the power supply device measured when the first and second switching elements and the flywheel semiconductor element are driven and controlled. 1. A power supply device , comprising:a first DC power source;a first switching element and a flywheel semiconductor element which are connected to the first DC power source in series in this order;a reactor, a second switching element, and a second DC power source which are connected in series in this order to a node between the first switching element and the flywheel semiconductor element;a drive control unit for driving the first switching element and the second switching element;a charge circuit for charging a first line between the first switching element and the second switching element;a first voltage detection circuit for detecting a line voltage of the first line; andan abnormality determination circuit for determining presence and absence of abnormality based on a control state of the drive control unit and a detection voltage of the first voltage detection circuit,wherein the abnormality determination circuit determines that the flywheel semiconductor element is in a short-circuit failure state when the detection voltage of the first voltage detection circuit is lower than a predetermined voltage under a state where the drive control unit turns OFF the first switching element and the second switching ...

Pwm control apparatus for average output current balancing in multi-stage dc-dc converters

Pulse width modulation controller apparatus and techniques are presented for balancing output currents of DC-DC converter stages in a multi-stage DC-DC conversion system in which a reference current is provided according to an input voltage and the value of a connected resistor, and a correction current output signal is generated that represents the difference between an average converter stage load current and the local load current, with the on-time of the PWM output signal being generated by charging a capacitance using a charging current obtained by offsetting the reference current output signal with the correction current output signal.

Power supply apparatus, power supply system and power supply method

A power supply apparatus comprises a driver, an oscillator, a digital control circuit and a counter. The driver is connected to a power source voltage and performs an ON/OFF operation of supplying power to a load. The oscillator outputs an oscillator signal every constant period. The digital control circuit performs an ON/OFF control of the driver based on the oscillator signal outputted from the oscillator. The counter counts the oscillator signal outputted from the oscillator. The digital control circuit sets a threshold value representing an upper limit of a count value counted by the counter and stops an output operation of the oscillator signal by the oscillator when the count value counted by the counter exceeds the set threshold value.

CONVERTER DEVICE

A converter, for feeding a load via an inductor, includes a switch to permit or prevent the feeding of current towards inductor, and a current sensor with a resistor coupled to the converter output, adapted to sense the current through said inductor when switch is off. A further switch is provided which is conductive when said switch is turned off; moreover, a drive circuitry is provided which is coupled to current sensor to turn said switch on as a function of the detected current. Drive circuitry is fed by a bootstrap circuit which includes: a bootstrap capacitor to accumulate a feeding charge for drive circuitry and coupled to the converter output and to a bootstrap diode, a coupling capacitor interposed between said further switch and bootstrap diode, as well as a bootstrap resistor interposed between a power supply source and bootstrap diode to charge coupling capacitor therefrom. 1. A converter for feeding a load via an inductor with a current having a controlled intensity between a maximum level and a minimum level , the converter comprising:a switch switcheable on and off to permit or prevent, respectively, feeding of current towards said inductor,a current sensor including a resistor coupled to the converter output and sensitive to the current flowing through said inductor when said switch is off,a further switch interposed between said switch and said resistor; said further switch being conductive when said switch is turned off, whereby, with said switch turned off, said resistor coupled to the converter output is traversed by current flowing through said inductor, anddrive circuitry of said switch coupled to said current sensor to turn said switch on as a function if the current detected by said current sensor,wherein a bootstrap circuit is provided for feeding said drive circuitry, said bootstrap circuit comprising:a bootstrap capacitor to accumulate a feeding charge for said drive circuitry, wherein said bootstrap capacitor is coupled to the converter ...

REDUCING CURRENT HARMONICS AT LIGHT LOADS

Reducing current harmonics at light loads is disclosed. In an example, a method includes increasing output voltage of a boost converter to reach a higher potential in a low power mode. After reaching the higher potential, the method includes dropping a set point for the output voltage. 1. A method to reduce current harmonics at light loads , comprising:increasing output voltage of a boost converter to reach a higher potential in a low power mode; andafter reaching the higher potential, dropping a set point for the output voltage.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising stopping switching of the boost converter after the output voltage reaches the set point to eliminate all harmonic content from the boost converter.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising after the output voltage drops to the set point claim 1 , waiting for a subsequent zero-cross of an input voltage before ramping up the output voltage to the higher potential again.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising setting the output voltage to a default value before entering the low power mode.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the default value is selected such that at least one half cycle worth of energy is stored in capacitance at output of the boost converter.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein one half cycle worth of energy is maintained as a buffer while waiting for a subsequent zero-crossing.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a rate of increasing the output voltage of the boost converter is selected such that the output voltage reaches the higher potential in an integer number of input half cycles.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein a rate of increasing the output voltage of the boost converter appears as a higher load on a power supply and reduces input harmonic content during charging.9. The method of further comprising entering the low power mode when the output power drops below a threshold.10. A power factor correction circuit with current harmonics reduction at light loads claim 1 , ...

CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR REDUCING POWER LOSS IN THE CASE OF AN ACTIVE ELECTRICAL CURRENT OUTPUT OF A FIELD DEVICE

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for reducing power loss in the case of an active electrical current output of a field device for determining and/or influencing a process variable, wherein the process variable is represented via a selectable electrical current value, comprising an external voltage supply, a voltage regulator and a control loop associated with the voltage regulator, wherein the control loop is so embodied that the voltage regulator, as a function of the presently set electrical current value, so controls the voltage to an external load connected in parallel with the electrical current output that the external load receives essentially only the respectively required voltage. 111-. (canceled)12. A circuit arrangement for reducing power loss in the case of an active electrical current output of a field device for determining and/or influencing a process variable , wherein the process variable is represented via a selectable electrical current value , comprising:an external voltage supplya voltage regulator; anda control loop associated with said voltage regulator, wherein:said control loop is so embodied that the voltage regulator, as a function of the presently set electrical current value, so controls the voltage to an external load connected in parallel with the electrical current output that the external load receives essentially only the respectively required voltage.13. The circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 12 , wherein:said control loop controls said voltage regulator in predetermined voltage steps and excess power occurring in given cases is converted into power loss.14. The circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 12 , wherein:said control loop includes an electrical current controller, especially a transistor, for setting the electrical current value;an analog-digital converter;a computation/control unit; anda reference resistor connected in series with said electrical current controller.15. The circuit arrangement as ...

POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT

A power supply circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, an inductor, a series circuit, a second resistor, and a control signal circuit. The first and second switches are connected between a first terminal and a second terminal and to each other at an output node. The inductor is connected between the output node and an output terminal. The series circuit is connected in parallel with the inductor and includes a first resistor and a capacitor connected to each other at a common connection node. The second resistor is connected in parallel with the capacitor. The control signal circuit compares a voltage at the common connection node to a reference voltage to generate a control signal for at least the first switch based on the comparison.