Apparatus and Method for Controlling a Multi-Fuel Engine

A dual-fuel engine has a primary fuel supply and a secondary fuel supply, the primary and secondary fuels being arranged in use to mix with each other and with air for combustion in one or more cylinders of the engine. The supply of both the primary and secondary fuels is arranged to be actively managed in accordance with a desired engine performance characteristic by an electronic controller. In one arrangement the supply of a primary fuel is arranged to be actively reduced when a secondary fuel is supplied to the engine.

In-cylinder air injection via dual-fuel injector

A fuel system is provided, comprising: a liquid fuel source; a gaseous fuel source; and a dual injector having a first flow path in flow communication with the liquid fuel source and a second flow path in flow communication with gaseous fuel source, and an outlet in flow communication with the first and second flow paths and positioned to directly inject liquid fuel from the first flow path and gaseous fuel from the second flow path into a combustion chamber of a cylinder of an engine.

Two-Cycle Diesel Engine Configured for Operation with High Temperature Combustion Chamber Surfaces

A 2-cycle, direct-injection diesel engine configured to accommodate low cetane diesel and jet fuels. The engine includes combustion chambers having surfaces which are operable at high temperatures during engine operation to increase the combustion rate of low cetane fuels. The engine is further configured to reduce starting times in cold and/or low pressure situations such as those experienced during attempts to restart a plane engine at relatively high altitudes. 1. An engine , comprising: a cylinder comprising an intake port proximate to a first side of the cylinder and an exhaust port proximate to a second side of the cylinder opposite the first side; and', 'a first fluid flow channel located adjacent at least one of the intake port and the exhaust port to cool the cylinder of the engine block;, 'an aluminum engine block, comprisinga composite sleeve located within the cylinder;a head assembly comprising a second fluid flow channel to cool the head assembly engaged with the engine block; a fuel flow channel between a fuel source and an injector tip;', 'a return fuel channel between the injector tip and the fuel source; and', 'a cooling fuel channel between the injector tip and the fuel source;, 'a fuel injector assembly coupled to the head assembly, the injector assembly comprisinga fire plate fixed between the sleeve and the head assembly; anda piston having a crown and located within the sleeve and configured to oscillate within the sleeve.2. The engine of claim 1 , wherein the first fluid flow channel includes a first branch passing over the exhaust port and a second branch passing under the exhaust port.3. The engine of claim 1 , wherein the composite sleeve is a metal composite.4. The engine of claim 3 , wherein the metal composite is a metal matrix aluminum alloy coated with steel.5. The engine of claim 4 , wherein the aluminum alloy comprises an Al—Si alloy claim 4 , an SiC particulate claim 4 , and a Ni coated graphite that are solution and precipitation ...

TWIN OUTLET CHECK LIQUID FUEL INJECTOR FOR DUAL FUEL SYSTEM

A liquid fuel injector such as for a dual fuel system in an internal combustion engine includes two-way injection control valves for controlling twin outlet checks. A first set of orifices are arranged in an A-F-Z pattern, and a second set of orifices are arranged in an A-F-Z pattern, within the fuel injector, among a high-pressure inlet passage, a low-pressure space, and first and second outlet check control chambers, respectively. A common nozzle supply cavity is fluidly connected to the high-pressure inlet passage and supplies each of two sets of nozzle outlets opened and closed by the twin outlet checks. 1. A liquid fuel injector for an internal combustion engine comprising:an injector body defining a high pressure inlet passage, a first set of nozzle outlets, a second set of nozzle outlets, a first control chamber and a second control chamber each in fluid communication with the high pressure inlet passage, and a low pressure space;a first outlet check having a closing hydraulic surface exposed to a fluid pressure of the first control chamber and movable between a closed position blocking the first set of nozzle outlets, and an open position;a second outlet check having a closing hydraulic surface exposed to a fluid pressure of the second control chamber and movable between a closed position blocking the second set of nozzle outlets, and an open position;a first two-way injection control valve positioned fluidly between the first control chamber and the low pressure space;a second two-way injection control valve positioned fluidly between the second control chamber and the low pressure space;the injector body further defining a first set of orifices arranged in an A-F-Z pattern among the high pressure inlet passage, the low pressure space, and the first control chamber, and a second set of orifices arranged in an A-F-Z pattern among the high pressure inlet passage, the low pressure space, and the second control chamber; andthe injector body further defining a ...

Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine comprising a prechamber ( 3 ), wherein a prechamber gas valve ( 5 ) is fitted into a cavity of the cylinder head ( 2 ) and the prechamber gas valve ( 5 ) is connected to the prechamber ( 3 ) by way of a flow transfer passage ( 10 ), wherein the flow transfer passage ( 10 ) for a given cross-sectional area immediately downstream of the prechamber gas valve ( 5 ) is of such a length that in operation of the cylinder head ( 2 ) mounted in an internal combustion engine in a compression stroke of the combustion process propellant gas which flow out of the prechamber gas valve ( 5 ) forms a gas cushion at least in a first portion ( 8 ) of the flow transfer passage ( 10 ), that adjoins the prechamber gas valve ( 5 ).

METHOD, SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR INTERACTING WITH A DIGITAL WORK

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method, a system, and an apparatus are presented for mediating ambiance outputs among a plurality of users located in a common area. In some implementations, said ambiance outputs can be adaptive or interactive shared digital works. In other implementations, said ambiance outputs can be shared mediated augmented reality. In other implementations, said ambiance outputs can be the result of hierarchical schemes and algorithms. In another embodiment a method, system, and apparatus is presented for extracting and/or storing previously tagged items from a digital work. 1. A method , comprising:receiving at least one user ID indicia at a receiving apparatus indicating presence of a user associated with said user ID indicia within a location area;associating said at least one user ID indicia with a data structure containing data pertaining to said user;determining at said receiving apparatus mediated ambience settings for said location area based, at least in part, on said presence and said data pertaining to said user.2. The method of wherein said mediated ambience settings are determined claim 1 , at least in part claim 1 , using analytical data concerning patterns of presence within said location area associated with said at least one user ID indicia.3. The method of wherein said data pertaining to said user comprise kinematic data.4. The method of wherein said mediated ambience settings are mixed digital content.5. The method of wherein said mixed digital content is determined claim 4 , at least in part claim 4 , using an age data that is associated with said at least one user ID indicia within said location area.6. The method of wherein said mediated ambience settings are constrained claim 1 , at least in part claim 1 , by a location operator parameter.7. An apparatus claim 1 , comprising:at least one processor; andat least one non-transitory computer-readable medium including computer program code;the at least ...

Two-Cycle Diesel Engine Configured for Operation with High Temperature Combustion Chamber Surfaces

A 2-cycle, direct-injection diesel engine configured to accommodate low cetane diesel and jet fuels. The engine includes combustion chambers having surfaces which are operable at high temperatures during engine operation to increase the combustion rate of low cetane fuels. The engine is further configured to reduce starting times in cold and/or low pressure situations such as those experienced during attempts to restart a plane engine at relatively high altitudes. 1. A two-cycle diesel engine for operating with high combustion chamber surface temperatures , the engine comprising:an aluminum engine block including at least one cylinder including a first intake port and a first exhaust port, the engine block including a first fluid flow channel for cooling the engine block and a second fluid flow channel located at the exhaust port to cool the portion of the cylinder proximate the exhaust port;a cylinder sleeve having a top end and a bottom end, and fabricated from a metal composite to include a second intake port and a second exhaust port proximate the bottom end, the sleeve being fastened to the interior of the cylinder with the intake ports being in fluid communication and the exhaust ports being in fluid communication;a head assembly engaged with the engine block, the head assembly including a third cooling fluid flow channel;a fuel injector assembly including an injector tip, the assembly supported by the head assembly, the injector assembly including a fuel flow channel between a fuel source and the injector tip, a return fuel channel between the injector tip and the fuel source and a cooling fuel channel between the injector tip and the fuel source ;a stainless steel fire plate resiliently supported between the top end of the cylinder sleeve and the head assembly to cooperate with the fuel injector assembly to close the top end of the cylinder sleeve;a crank shaft coupled to a connecting rod;an aluminum piston having a titanium alloy crown, the piston being ...

SYSTEM INCLUDING DUEL FUEL INJECTION ENGINE AND METHOD OF OPERATION

A system and method of operating the system are disclosed. The system includes a compressor a combustion engine and an input system The compressor is configured to mix and compress a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a first hydrocarbon gas fuel thereby to form a liquid fuel mixture The combustion engine is disposed downstream of the compressor and includes a dual fuel injection system and a combustion chamber The dual fuel injection system includes a nozzle that is configured to inject the liquid fuel mixture into the combustion chamber of the combustion engine The input system is fluidly connected with the combustion engine and configured to inject air and a second hydrocarbon gas fuel into the combustion chamber 1. A system , comprising:a compressor configured to mix and compress a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a first hydrocarbon gas fuel, thereby dissolving at least a portion of the first hydrocarbon gas fuel in the liquid hydrocarbon fuel to form a liquid fuel mixture;a combustion engine disposed downstream of the compressor, comprising a dual fuel injection system comprising a nozzle configured to inject the liquid fuel mixture into a combustion chamber of the combustion engine; andan input system fluidly connected with the combustion engine, and configured to inject air and a second hydrocarbon gas fuel into the combustion chamber.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the input system comprises a port injection system configured to inject a gas fuel mixture of air and the second hydrocarbon gas fuel into the combustion chamber.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the input system comprises a pre-mixer configured to mix the air and the second hydrocarbon gas fuel.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein an exhaust outlet of the combustion chamber is fluidly connected to the input system claim 1 , and configured to circulate at least a portion of an exhaust gas stream to the input system.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprises diesel.6. The ...

DUAL FUEL ENGINE WITH MICRO-PILOT FUEL INJECTOR

A dual fuel engine is provided. The dual fuel engine includes an engine cylinder that is adapted to house a piston. A cylinder head is coupled with the engine cylinder. An inlet valve is adapted to inject a second fuel into the engine cylinder. A pre-combustion chamber is adapted to be coupled within the cylinder head to receive a first fuel via a micro-pilot fuel injector. As piston moves towards a top dead center pushing a portion of the second fuel into the pre-combustion chamber via a communication channel, the piston compresses the portion of the second fuel and the first fuel in the pre-combustion chamber for igniting the first fuel and combusting the second fuel. This generates a combustion flame. The pre-combustion chamber is adapted to allow the combustion flame to propagate from the pre-combustion chamber to the engine cylinder via the communication channel. 1an engine cylinder adapted to house a piston;a cylinder head coupled with the engine cylinder;an inlet valve adapted to inject a second fuel into the engine cylinder; anda pre-combustion chamber adapted to be coupled within the cylinder head to receive a first fuel, the pre-combustion chamber being in fluid communication with the engine cylinder via at least one communication channel;wherein the pre-combustion chamber includes a micro-pilot fuel injector to inject the first fuel into the pre-combustion chamber to initiate combustion;wherein the dual fuel engine is adapted to move the piston from a bottom dead center to a top dead center, the piston pushes a portion of the second fuel into the pre-combustion chamber and compresses the portion of the second fuel and the first fuel in the pre-combustion chamber for igniting the first fuel and combusting the second fuel;wherein the pre-combustion chamber is adapted to allow a combustion flame to propagate from the pre-combustion chamber to the engine cylinder via the at least one communication channel, and moving the piston from the top dead center to the ...

FEEDBACK CONTROLLED SYSTEM FOR IGNITION PROMOTER DROPLET GENERATION

An engine system is disclosed. The engine system may have an engine including at least one cylinder. The engine system may also have a first source configured to supply fuel for combustion in the engine. The engine system may have a second source configured to supply ignition promoter material for combustion in the engine. The engine system may also have a droplet generator configured to generate droplets of the ignition promoter material. In addition the engine system may have a controller. The controller may be configured to determine an engine parameter. The controller may also be configured to determine a number of the droplets based on the engine parameter. Further, the controller may be configured to determine droplet sizes of the droplets based on the engine parameter. In addition, the controller may be configured to adjust the droplet generator to generate the number of the droplets having the droplet sizes. 1. An engine system , comprising:an engine, including at least one cylinder;a first source configured to supply fuel for combustion in the engine;a second source configured to supply an ignition promoter material for combustion in the engine;a droplet generator configured to generate droplets of the ignition promoter material; and determine an engine parameter;', 'determine a number of the droplets based on the engine parameter;', 'determine droplet sizes of the droplets based on the engine parameter; and', 'control the droplet generator to generate the determined number of the droplets having the determined droplet sizes., 'a controller configured to2. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein the ignition promoter material includes lubrication oil.3. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein the fuel includes natural gas.4. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to determine the number of the droplets and the droplet sizes based on a diameter of the at least one cylinder.5. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein the determined ...

Gasoline-diesel complex combustion engine

A gasoline-diesel complex combustion engine may include a cylinder including a cylinder body in which a combustion chamber is formed to generate a driving power by combusting a gasoline fuel and a diesel fuel and a cylinder head formed to cover an upper portion of the cylinder body, a pair of intake ports formed in the cylinder head, a pair of exhaust ports formed in the cylinder head, a diesel injector disposed in a center of the cylinder head, a pair of spark plugs disposed on opposite sides of the diesel injector, a first intake pipe and a second intake pipe mounted in the intake ports, an exhaust pipe mounted in the exhaust ports, a pair of intake valves disposed in the first and second intake pipes, and a gasoline injector disposed in the first and second intake pipes to inject the gasoline fuel into the combustion chamber.

BIOMASS GASIFICATION POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND POWER GENERATION METHOD

A biomass gasification power generation system including: a gas generation device that generates a combustible gas from a biomass and a gasification agent; an internal combustion engine that generates motive power from a fuel gas containing the combustible gas generated by the gas generation device; and a generator that generates electric power from the motive power generated by the internal combustion engine. The power generation system is additionally provided with a water electrolysis device that generates oxygen and hydrogen through the electrolysis of water. The gasification agent contains oxygen generated by the water electrolysis device, and the fuel gas contains hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis device. The oxygen concentration in the gasification agent is from 22 vol. % to 40 vol. %. 1. A biomass gasification power generation system comprising: a gas generation device that generates a combustible gas from a biomass and a gasification agent; an internal combustion engine that generates motive power from a fuel gas containing the combustible gas generated by the gas generation device; and a generator that generates electric power from the motive power generated by the internal combustion engine , whereinthe power generation system further comprises a water electrolysis device that generates oxygen and hydrogen through the electrolysis of water, the gasification agent comprises oxygen produced by the water electrolysis device, and the fuel gas comprises hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis device; andan oxygen concentration in the gasification agent is from 22 vol. % to 40 vol. %.2. The biomass gasification power generation system according to claim 1 , further comprising: an oxygen supply device that supplies oxygen generated by the water electrolysis device to the gas generation device; and a hydrogen supply device that supplies hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis device to the internal combustion engine.3. The biomass gasification ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD OF OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method of operating an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber and an actuator disposed therein being arranged to drive an output shaft of the engine, the method comprising: (i) injecting a water containing fuel into the combustion chamber; (ii) flash boiling the water-containing fuel to form water vapour within the combustion chamber; (iii) thermolyzing the water vapour to form hydrogen gas and oxygen gas; and (iv) combusting the hydrogen gas to drive the actuator within the combustion chamber to thereby drive the connected output shaft of the combustion engine. 1. A method of operating an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber and an actuator disposed therein being arranged to drive an output shaft of the engine , the method comprising:(i) generating supercritical water from a water feed stream;(ii) injecting the supercritical water into a combustion chamber;(iii) flash boiling the supercritical water to form water vapour within the combustion chamber;(iv) injecting and igniting an organic fuel into the combustion chamber to generate a flame front of at least 1,800° C. to initiate thermolysis of the water vapour to form hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in the combustion chamber; and(v) autoigniting the hydrogen gas within the combustion chamber to drive the actuator which drives the output shaft of the combustion engine.2. The method according to claim 1 , including injecting the organic fuel into the combustion chamber in an amount less than 60 wt % of the injected water to initiate thermolysis of the water vapour.3. The method according to claim 1 , including pressurising the water feed stream to a pressure ranging from 0 to 10 claim 1 ,000 psi.4. The method according to claim 3 , including pressurising the water feed stream to a pressure ranging from 3 claim 3 ,000-6 claim 3 ,000 psi.5. The method according to claim 1 , including heating the water feed stream to a temperature of at least 374° C. to form the ...

FLEX FUEL FIELD GENERATOR

A generator system includes (i) an internal combustion engine, (ii) an exhaust gas outlet, connected to the internal combustion engine, for venting exhaust gasses, and (iii) a condenser, connected to the exhaust gas outlet, for condensing water from exhaust gasses. 157-. (canceled)58. A method of generating electricity with a gasoline or propane generator having a choke , comprising operating the generator with a fuel consisting essentially of an alcohol.59. The method of claim 58 , wherein the choke is placed between the open and closed position.60. The method of claim 58 , wherein the fuel further comprises water.61. The method of claim 58 , wherein the fuel comprises isopropanol and water.62. The method of claim 59 , further comprising adjusting the position of the choke until the revolutions per minute of an internal combustion engine within the generator are maximized.63. The method of claim 58 , wherein the fuel comprises at most 10% gasoline.64. The method of claim 58 , wherein the fuel does not comprise gasoline.65. (canceled)66. A gasoline or propane generator having an internal combustion engine claim 58 , an exhaust gas outlet claim 58 , a carburetor claim 58 , and a manual choke claim 58 , wherein the improvement comprises:a fuel selector, connected to the internal combustion engine, for starting or stopping a fuel pump when switching between fuels.67. The gasoline or propane generator of claim 66 , further comprising a flexible pipe claim 66 , connected to the exhaust gas outlet claim 66 ,wherein the pipe has a length of at least 5 feet.68. A generator system claim 66 , comprising:(i) an internal combustion engine,(ii) an exhaust gas outlet, connected to the internal combustion engine, for venting exhaust gasses, and(iii) a fuel selector, connected to the internal combustion engine, for adjusting the internal combustion engine to operate more efficiently on at least rubbing alcohol and propane gas,wherein the internal combustion engine does not include ...

Liquid and Gaseous Multi-Fuel Compression Ignition Engines

Methods of operation of liquid and gaseous multi-fuel compression ignition engines that may be operated on a gaseous fuel or a liquid fuel, or a combination of both a gaseous fuel and a liquid fuel at the same time and in some embodiments, in the same combustion event. Various embodiments are disclosed. 1. A method of operating an engine comprising:providing a camless, electronically controlled compression ignition engine having at least one combustion cylinder having a liquid fuel injector and a gaseous fuel injector for providing a gaseous fuel and liquid fuel to the combustion cylinder;the compression ignition engine having a sufficient effective compression ratio to self ignite the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel;whereby the compression ignition engine can be operated on the gaseous fuel, the liquid fuel, and a combination of both the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel in each combustion event.2. The method of wherein a compression cylinder has the sufficient compression ratio when augmented by a turbocharger.3. The method of wherein compression ignition is initiated by injection of the gaseous fuel.4. The method of wherein compression ignition is initiated by injection of the liquid fuel.5. The method of wherein compression ignition is initiated by simultaneous injection of both the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel.6. The method of wherein the gaseous fuel is compressed natural gas.7. The method of wherein the liquid fuel is diesel fuel.8. The method of wherein the liquid fuel is diesel fuel and the gaseous fuel is compressed natural gas. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/284,292 filed Oct. 3, 2016, which is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/US2015/024378 filed Apr. 3, 2015 which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/974,937 filed Apr. 3, 2014.The present invention relates to the field of compression ignition internal combustion engines.Compression ignition engines are well known ...

Two-Cycle Diesel Engine Configured for Operation with High Temperature Combustion Chamber Surfaces

A 2-cycle, direct-injection diesel engine configured to accommodate low cetane diesel and jet fuels. The engine includes combustion chambers having surfaces which are operable at high temperatures during engine operation to increase the combustion rate of low cetane fuels. The engine is further configured to reduce starting times in cold and/or low pressure situations such as those experienced during attempts to restart a plane engine at relatively high altitudes.

Combustion control system and method for switching between spark and pilot-ignited operating modes in dual fuel engine

A method of controlling a dual fuel engine system includes adjusting a phasing control parameter such as air-fuel ratio (AFR), based on a phasing signal to limit an error in a phasing of combustion of gaseous fuel. The cylinder is switched to a dual fuel liquid pilot-ignited mode by commanding direct injection of an early pilot shot of liquid fuel, based on the adjustment to the phasing control parameter, and production of a spark to ignite gaseous fuel in the cylinder. Switching the cylinder to the dual fuel liquid pilot-ignited mode is completed by commanding direct injection of an early pilot shot and a second pilot shot of liquid fuel to ignite gaseous fuel in response to combustion of the early and second pilot shots in the cylinder.

ENGINES USING SUPERCRITICAL SYNGAS

A first engine fuel, for example diesel fuel, is reformed (preferably via steam reforming) to produce syngas for use as a second engine fuel, with the fuels then both being used in an internal combustion engine to perform Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI). The syngas is produced and supplied to the engine as a supercritical fluid, thereby avoiding the pumping losses that would occur if syngas was pressurized for supply/injection. The reforming is done by a reformer which is provided as a unit with the engine (e.g., both the engine and reformer are onboard a vehicle), thereby effectively allowing use of a single fuel for RCCI engine operation. 1. A combustion method for an internal combustion engine , the method including the steps of:a. producing syngas from hydrocarbons; andb. supplying the syngas to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein both the producing step and the supplying step are performed at a temperature and pressure at which the produced syngas is a supercritical fluid.2. The method of wherein the syngas is supplied to the combustion chamber via direct injection.3. The method of further wherein the syngas is present in the combustion chamber at a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio during combustion.4. The method of further including the step of also supplying the hydrocarbons to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine claim 1 , such that both the hydrocarbons and the syngas are present in the combustion chamber during combustion.5. The method of wherein the hydrocarbons are supplied to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine after the syngas.6. The method of wherein the hydrocarbons and the syngas define a stratified mixture within the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine during a compression stroke claim 4 , whereby regions of higher hydrocarbon concentration are spaced from regions of higher syngas concentration.7. The method of wherein the syngas is supplied to the ...

Systems, devices, and methods for hydrogen energy production and storage

Systems, devices, and methods for producing and storing hydrogen energy are described. Hydrogen energy may be produced and distributed according to a tiered consumption system, such that consumption requirements of a first tier are prioritized over a second tier and third tier, respectively. Energy and hydrogen for this system may be produced by one or more fuel cell/electrolyzers, and produced hydrogen may be stored in one or more hydride storage tanks.

Method and apparatus for mixing liquids

A substantially constant viscosity of the liquid mixture at a given temperature is maintained in mixing two liquids with different viscosities, especially diesel oil and heavy fuel oil for supply to an engine. The liquid mixture constantly being prepared in a mixer (12) is taken through a heater (23). The viscosity of the heated mixture is measured in a viscosimeter (30) adapted for controlling the heating such that a substantially constant viscosity is maintained. Furthermore, the temperature of the heated mixture is measured, and the mixing ratio between both liquids is controlled in response to the temperature so that the temperature is maintained substantially constant.

PROCEDURE FOR MIXING TWO VARIETIES WITH DIFFERENT VISCOSITY AND THE IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURE

Method and device for keeping the viscosity of a continuously flowing liquid mixture constant

Operation method of internal combustion engine with compression ignition and internal combustion engine with compression ignition

I . Способ работы двигател  внутjраннего сгорани  с воспламенением от сжати  путем впуска в цилиндр воздуха через впускные канал и клапан , сообщени  воздуху вращательного движени , его сжати  поршнем и впрыска различных видов топлива во вращающийс  в камере сгорани  поток сжатого воздуха через две топливные форсунки, причем через первую форсунку впрыскивают вспомогательное легковоспламен емое топливо, преимущественно газойль, с последующим его восппаменением от контакта с сжатым воздухом, а через вторую форсунку - основное трудновосппамен емое кислородсодержащее топливо, преимущественно метанол, с последуют щим его восппаменением от гор щего вспомогательного топпива, сгоранием , раапирением продуктов сгорани  и выпуском из цилиндра отработагаонх газов, отличающийс  ген, что, с целью уменыпени  токсичности отработавщих газов, основное топливо впрыскивают по центру камеры сгора- . ни  в направлении на стенку углублени  в днище поршн  и продолжительность впрыска обоих видов топлива устанавливают с перекрытием. 2.Способ по п. I,отличающий с   тем, что впрыск основного топлива начинают после истечени  двух третей продолжительности впрыска вспомогательного. 3.Способ по пп. J, 2, л и чающийс  тем, что при изменении нагрузки двигател  измен ют количество впрыскиваемого основного СО топлива, а количество вспомогательного топлива поддерживают посто нным. 4.Способ попп. 1,2,отличающийс  тем, что при изменении нагрузки двигател  измен ют количество впрыскиваемых обоих видов топлива. 5.Способ по пп. 1-4, о т л и ч ающий с  тем, что при х.алодном запуске двигател  впрыскивают лищь вспомогательное топливо до достижени  двигателем оборотов холостого хода. 6.Способ по пп 1-5, отличающийс  тем, что при полной нагрузке двигател  объемное соотнощение вспомогательного топлива и основного выдерживают равным 1:30. 7.Способ по пп. 1-6, о т л и чающийс  тем, что в качестве осиовного топлива используют спирты - метанол или этанол с загр знением до 30 об.Е. 8.Способ по пп. 1-6, о т л и ...

Injection system for two-fuel ic-engine, and metering pump therefor

Изобретение позвол ет расширить пределы регулировани  фаз впрыска топлива. Устройство содержит насос 3 низкого давлени  дл  предварительного впрыска жидкого топлива, насос 1 высокого давлени  плунжерного типа дл  основного впрыска, две топливные форсунки 6, 7 дл  дополнительного и основного впрысков, имеющие иглы 40, 41 с камерами 42, 43 давлени , дозирующий насос 8, в корпусе 9 которого установлен передающий поршень 11 с образованием в нем с одной стороны моторной 16, а с другой стороны приемной 17 полостей и с возможностью возвратно-поступательного перемещени  между раздельно регулируемыми кулачковыми приводами 22, 23, сливную магистраль и топливопроводы, селективно св зывающие насосы 1, 3 с камерами 42, 43 давлени  игл форсунок 6, 7 через моторную 16 и приемную 17 полости с возможностью соединени  последних через дополнительный топливопровод при крайнем положении упора 12 моторной полости 16 и перекрытом при помощи передающего поршн  11 отверстии 28. Игла 41 форсунки 7 основного впрыска при использовании газообразного топлива в качестве основного снабжена соединительными каналами, расположенными с возможностью сообщени  камеры 43 давлени  со сливом при подн том положении иглы, а топливопровод 29 дополнительно соединен с насосом 1 через обратный клапан. Регулируемые подвижные упоры 12, 13 расположены в корпусе 9 дозирующего насоса 8 непосредственно в моторной 16 и приемной 17 полост х с возможностью их осевого перемещени  так, что их внутренние концы 14, 15 регулируют ход передающего поршн  11. 2 с. и 2 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил. The invention extends the range of control of the fuel injection phases. The device contains a low-pressure pump 3 for pre-injection of liquid fuel, a high-pressure pump 1 for a main injection, two fuel nozzles 6, 7 for additional and main injections, having needles 40, 41 with pressure chambers 42, 43, metering pump 8, in the housing 9 of which the transmitting piston 11 is installed with the formation of the motor 16 on one side and the receiving ...

A kind of co-generation unit with compensation function

本发明涉及一种具有补偿功能的热电联产系统，包括发电机组、高温散热水箱及低温散热水箱、天燃气供应单元；发电机组的高温烟气排出端连接两个支路两个支路分别连接至消音器、余热回收装置；余热回收装置的热水进入端连接机组高温水出水管、热水排出端通过中间管路连接热交换器，所述热交换器经回水管连接高温散热水箱，所述机组高温水出水管由第一旁通管与冷却水管上的电动三通阀相接，电动三通阀的混合水出水端侧依次设有第一补偿罐；所述低温水散热水箱的回水管同样由旁通支管与冷却水管上的一电动三通阀相接并设有第二补偿罐。本新型可用余热回收装置高效地利用高温烟气及高温水热量换热后供使用。

Method of operation of two stroke multifuel internal combustion engine and design of such engine

FIELD: mechanical engineering; two stroke multifuel internal combustion engines with crankcase displacement scavenging. SUBSTANCE: by exhaust system oxygen pickup signal control unit forms signals to change characteristics of piston movement irrespective of rotation of crankshaft which makes it possible to provide overlapping of bypass and outlet ports by piston in preset moment of cycle and thus reduce losses of fresh charge getting into exhaust system. Signals from control unit pass to drives displacement lever rocking axles along straight lines intersecting axes of cylinders. Levers are coupled with joints of articulated connecting rods which connect pistons with crankshaft. With displacement of lever rocking axle under action of drives, joints of articulated connecting rods are shifted to cylinder axes which leads to accelerated overlapping of bypass and outlet ports by piston in process of scavenging. EFFECT: increased economy, reduced toxicity of exhaust gases. 12 cl, 16 dwg УЗ тс ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК ВИ” 2 121 584 ' 13) СЛ Е 02 В 33/04, 75/04, Е 020 15/02 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 98106812/06, 03.04.1998 (46) Дата публикации: 10.11.1998 (56) Ссылки: 4$ 5134984 А, 04.08.92. ОЕ 3107244 АЛ, 16.09.82 $Ц 1590584 АЛ, 07.09.90. КО 2029109 СЛ, 20.02.95. $Ц 1686203 АЛ, 23.10.93. $ 54084 А, 31.10.38. Ц$ 5251584 А, 12.10.93. 4$ 5595146 А, 21.01.97. Ц$ 4538557 А, 03.09.85. ЕР 0292603 А\Л, 30.11.82. (71) Заявитель: Конюхов Виталий Алексеевич, Конюхов Алексей Витальевич, Конюхова Елена Витальевна (72) Изобретатель: Конюхов В.А., Конюхов А.В., Конюхова Е.В. (73) Патентообладатель: Конюхов Виталий Алексеевич, Конюхов Алексей Витальевич, Конюхова Елена Витальевна (54) СПОСОБ РАБОТЫ ДВУХТАКТНОГО МНОГОТОПЛИВНОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ И ДВУХТАКТНЫЙ МНОГОТОПЛИВНЫЙ ДВИГАТЕЛЬ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к двухтактным многотопливным двигателям ...

A kind of LNG/ Diesel Dual-Fuel Engines safety monitoring system peculiar to vessel

本发明公开了一种船用LNG/柴油双燃料发动机安全监控系统，集控室控制柜作为整个系统的核心，集控室控制柜内的工控机通过USB转RS485转化器分别与机旁控制柜内可编程控制器、燃气报警控制器、LNG储气罐通讯模块、热电偶采集模块、串口继电器模块连接。机旁控制柜内的可编程逻辑控制器连接转速传感器、温度传感器、压力传感器、火焰探测器、互锁气体阀。燃气报警控制器模块连接燃气探测器。LNG储气罐通讯模块连接气罐压力和液位传感器。热电偶采集模块连接气缸排气温度传感器。能够提供实时、准确的安全监控数据报告，方便后期对LNG/柴油双燃料发动机系统进行分析和处理，便于不同发动机机型以及不同监控方案使用。

Controller of engine

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Automotive fuel tank management

(57)【要約】 車両エンジン管理システムは、コントローラ／プロセッサ（２２）を備えた１つのエンジン制御ユニット（４）と、記憶装置（２３〜２５）とを有する。車両は、タンク（２７）からガス用噴射弁（６）を介して供給されるガス、又は、タンク（８）からガソリン用噴射弁（２）を介して供給されるガソリンによって運転される。コントローラ（２２）は、マップ（２３、２４）を使用して、走行条件に応じてガスを使用するかガソリンを使用するかを決定する。車両に燃料を補給するには、装置（２５）に記憶されたシーケンスを使用して、コントローラ（２２）によって動作サイクルが行われる。連結されたガス供給の有無は、検出器（１３ａ）を介して判断され、ガスタンク圧力はセンサ（２７ａ）を介して判断され、タンクへの燃料補給サイクル中、コンプレッサ（２８）が稼働する。補給は、自動的に終了し、この後、燃料ラインからの切断が検出されると、車両が走行可能にされる。

Multifuel engine system

提供了用于发动机(104)的进气歧管(302)的多个方法和系统。在一个实例中，进气歧管(302)包括用于将进气供应至发动机的多个气缸(200)的第一通路(304)，和用于将气态燃料供应至该多个气缸(200)的第二通路(308)。

Spark-ignited reciprocating piston engine having a subdivided combustion chamber

An internal-combustion engine includes a cylinder having an upper, generally planar bounding surface formed by an inner wall portion of a cylinder head; a fuel injection device and a spark plug held in the cylinder head and opening into the cylinder; a piston axially slidably disposed in the cylinder; a combustion chamber defined between the upper bounding surface of the cylinder head and the top piston face when the piston is in its upper dead center position; and an annular ridge situated on the top piston face. The annular ridge subdivides the combustion chamber into an inner partial combustion chamber and an outer partial combustion chamber surrounding the inner partial combustion chamber. The inner partial combustion chamber is situated in an effective range of the fuel injection device and the spark plug. Further, throughgoing apertures are provided in the annular ridge for maintaining a continuous communication between the inner and outer partial combustion chambers.

Fuel producing system for solid/liquid mixtures

A fuel producing system for a solid/liquid mixture. The system comprises a mixing reservoir having a first inlet for receiving a combustible liquid fuel, and a second inlet for receiving a solid fuel pulverized to a mixable state with said liquid fuel. Mixing means is provided in the mixing reservoir to mix both fuels. Quantitative control means is also provided in the reservoir to measure predetermined amounts of the liquid and solid fuels delivered therein. A holding reservoir receives the solid/liquid fuel mixture from an output conduit of the mixing reservoir. Pump means is provided in the output conduit. First control means is further provided to shut off the flow of the fuel mixture to the holding reservoir to permit the mixing of further fuel mixture in the mixing reservoir. A second control means initiates the flow of the fuel mixture to the holding tank when the mixture fluid therein is extracted to a predetermined low level.

Fuel-soluble synergistic cleaning mixture for high pressure gasoline engines

The present disclosure relates to methods and fuel compositions for reducing fuel injector deposits in gasoline engines operated at high fuel pressures. The fuel compositions include hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and a synergistic fuel injector cleaning mixture.

METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION, SELF-IGNITION AND AIR COMPRESSION ENGINE

a. Procédé pour faire marcher un moteur à combustion interne, à auto-allumage et à compression d'air. b. Procédé caractérisé en ce qu'un premier dispositif d'injection 2 envoie dans la chambre de combustion 5 un combustible non-inflammable et contenant de l'oxygène, un deuxième dispositif d'injection 3 envoyant dans la chambre de combustion 5 un combustible inflammable, par exemple le n-heptane ou du gas-oil, pour amorcer et/ou maintenir la combustion, tandis que le temps d'injection du combustible inflammable et le temps d'injection du combustible non-inflammable et contenant de l'oxygène se chevauchent l'un l'autre. c. L'invention s'applique notamment aux moteurs d'automobiles. at. A method of operating an internal combustion, self-igniting, air compression engine. b. Method characterized in that a first injection device 2 sends into the combustion chamber 5 a non-flammable fuel and containing oxygen, a second injection device 3 sending into the combustion chamber 5 a flammable fuel, e.g. n-heptane or gas oil, to initiate and / or maintain combustion, while the injection time of the flammable fuel and the injection time of the non-flammable and oxygen-containing fuel overlap each other. vs. The invention applies in particular to automobile engines.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN AIR COMPRESSION AND SELF-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR LIQUID FUELS

Patent FR2389776A1

Dispositif pour l'alimentation en carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne à partir d'un réservoir de carburant. Une pompe fait circuler le carburant à partir du réservoir et un mélangeur sans mouvement mélange le carburant, la pompe et le mélangeur étant en série dans un conduit de façon à former un circuit de circulation. Une dérivation est branchée en une partie du circuit de circulation; une pompe d'injection est branchée sur cette dérivation par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit, et une tubulure d'injection de carburant est branchée à la pompe d'injection par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit. Application aux dispositifs d'alimentation des moteurs à combustion interne. Device for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine from a fuel tank. A pump circulates fuel from the tank and a motionless mixer mixes the fuel, the pump and mixer being in series in a conduit to form a circulation circuit. A bypass is connected to part of the circulation circuit; an injection pump is connected to this bypass via a conduit, and a fuel injection manifold is connected to the injection pump via a conduit. Application to power supply devices for internal combustion engines.

Motor vehicle embedded system for preparing, storing and availing high volatility fuel, has by pass unit diverting fuel quantity from fuel system to evaporator, and includes recovery unit and tank that stores and avails liquid fuel

The system has a by pass unit (1) diverting a quantity of a pressurized commercial fuel from a fuel system to an evaporator (2) which divides the quantity into high and low volatile parts. A recovery unit (3) recovers evaporated parts of the fuel and collects the parts in the form of a high volatility liquid fuel. An annex storage tank (4) stores and avails the fuel. An outlet (10) of the tank transports the fuel to an injection system.

MODULE MOUNTABLE ON COMBUSTION ENGINE

CONTROL DEVICE FOR AN ENGINE OPERATING WITH TWO FUEL GAS / GAS FUEL

UN MOTEUR DIESEL EST PREVU DE FACON A FONCTIONNER A VOLONTE AVEC DU GAZOLE OU AVEC DU GAZ. LE MOTEUR COMPORTE UN CIRCUIT REGULATEUR ELECTRONIQUE 12, 12 QUI RECOIT DES SIGNAUX REPRESENTANT RESPECTIVEMENT UNE VITESSE DE CONSIGNE ET LA VITESSE REELLE DU MOTEUR; DES ACTIONNEURS ELECTRONIQUES 8, 8 QUI ACTIONNENT RESPECTIVEMENT UNE POMPE D'INJECTION DE GAZOLE 9 ET UN VOLET DE REGULATION DU CARBURANT GAZEUX 10, SOUS LA DEPENDANCE DES SIGNAUX DU CIRCUIT REGULATEUR; ET UN CIRCUIT DE COMMANDE DE CHANGEMENT DE MODE 13 QUI PERMET LE PASSAGE D'UN CARBURANT A L'AUTRE.

INJECTION DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, ALLOWING THE INJECTION OF TWO FUELS

METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION, SELF-IGNITION AND AIR COMPRESSION ENGINE

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN AIR COMPRESSION AND SELF-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR LIQUID FUELS

a. Procédé et dispositif pour l'exploitation d'un moteur à combustion interne à compression d'air et à auto-allumage pour carburants liquides. b. Procédé caractérisé en ce que du carburant contenant de l'oxygène et s'allumant difficilement est injecté dans la chambre de combustion en forme d'auge 4 par un premier moyen d'injection 2, et que grâce à un second moyen d'injection 3, du carburant facile à allumer, par exemple du gas-oil, est injecté dans la chambre de combustion en forme d'auge 4 pour démarrer et/ou pour entretenir la combustion, les temps d'injection du carburant facile à allumer et du carburant contenant de l'oxygène difficile à allumer empiétant l'un sur l'autre. c. L'invention s'applique notamment aux moteurs Diesel d'automobiles. at. Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine with air compression and self-ignition for liquid fuels. b. Method characterized in that fuel containing oxygen and hardly igniting is injected into the trough-shaped combustion chamber 4 by a first injection means 2, and that thanks to a second injection means 3 , easy-to-ignite fuel, e.g. diesel, is injected into the trough-shaped combustion chamber 4 to start and / or maintain combustion, injection times of easy-to-ignite fuel and fuel containing oxygen that is difficult to ignite and encroaches on each other. vs. The invention applies in particular to diesel engines for automobiles.

Multiple fuel power station uses synthetic and conventional fuels to supply turbine or thermal engine

The multi-fuel power station includes either a gas turbine or a combustion engine running on multiple fuels, powering an alternator to generate electricity from the cheapest fuel available at a particular time. The electric power station comprises at least one dual fuel thermal engine (D). This may be a gas turbine or a combustion engine which is able to be fuelled by one or several fuels (C). These are selected according to price. The output from this turbine or engine is applied to an electrical generator (E), producing a power of between 1 and 10 MW. The fuels used may be synthetic fuels (A) or conventional fuels (B). The synthetic fuels may be formed by a pyrolysis and gasification of industrial or agro-chemical waste. The waste may include old tyres, oils, plastic materials sludge and/or biomass. The conventional fuels may be derived from refining petroleum.

Variable compression ratio internal combustion engine

本发明涉及一种可变压缩比内燃机，其中内燃机的压缩比能改变且使用具有不同燃烧速度的多种燃料。本发明提供了一种对于各种燃料都实现出色的发动机性能的技术。在压缩比能改变且通过多个燃料喷射阀喷射具有不同燃烧速度的多种燃料的可变压缩比内燃机中，根据所用燃料来转换从中读出内燃机目标压缩比的图，从而抑制爆震或其它缺点。

Uniflow scavenging 2-cycle engine

ユニフロー掃気式２サイクルエンジン（１００）は、内部に燃焼室（１２４）が形成されるシリンダ（１１０）と、ピストン（１１２）と、シリンダのうち、ピストンのストローク方向の一端側を囲み、圧縮された活性ガスが導かれる掃気室（１２２）と、シリンダのうち掃気室内に位置する部分に設けられ、ピストンの摺動動作に応じて、掃気室から燃焼室に活性ガスを吸入する掃気ポート（１１８）と、掃気ポートよりもシリンダの径方向外側に設けられ、掃気ポートに吸入される活性ガスに燃料ガスを噴射する燃料噴射口（１２６）と、燃料ガスが貯留された燃料タンク（１４０）から燃料噴射口まで連通する燃料供給路（１４４）を開閉する燃料噴射弁（１２８）と、を備える。また、燃料噴射弁は、掃気室と隔離された隔離空間（１４６）に配される。 The uniflow scavenging two-cycle engine (100) is surrounded by a cylinder (110) in which a combustion chamber (124) is formed, a piston (112), and one end side of the piston in the stroke direction of the cylinder, and is compressed. The scavenging chamber (122) through which the active gas is guided and the scavenging port (118) that is provided in a portion of the cylinder located in the scavenging chamber and sucks the active gas from the scavenging chamber into the combustion chamber according to the sliding operation of the piston. ), A fuel injection port (126) that is provided outside the scavenging port in the radial direction of the cylinder and injects the fuel gas into the active gas sucked into the scavenging port, and a fuel tank (140) in which the fuel gas is stored A fuel injection valve (128) that opens and closes a fuel supply path (144) communicating with the fuel injection port. Further, the fuel injection valve is arranged in an isolation space (146) isolated from the scavenging chamber.

ONBOARD SYSTEM FOR PREPARING, STORING AND PROVIDING HIGH VOLATILITY FUEL

Oil and gas supply control method and system for two-stroke dual-fuel engine

本发明涉及一种二冲程双燃料发动机的供油供气控制方法及系统，包括：获取当前发动机工作状态参数；判断是否达到双燃料模式开启条件；若未达到保持纯柴油模式的工作状态；若达到，切换至双燃料模式；判断是否成功进入双燃料工作模式；若没有，保持纯柴油模式的工作状态；若成功，保持当前喷油量/喷气量，对当前发动机工作状态进行监测；判断故障等级；根据故障等级进行相应处理；同时获取驾驶员当前操作指令；判断所述操作指令类别；根据操作指令类别进行相应处理。本发明旨在解决运行状态下供给模式切换时的燃料供给量的计算，保障发动机的平稳工作。

Device for operating a combustion engine

Disclosed is a device for operating a combustion engine (7) on both petrol and LPG comprising a chamber (9) arranged in front of the gas valve and accommodating a valve (12) which can be adjusted during operation by the combustion air flow through the chamber for influencing the amount of petrol fed to the engine, whereby for LPG operatidn said valve can be fixed in a position in which the valve does not adversely affect the combustion air flow.

of such a gas engine and a method of fuel supply Diesel-type combustion engine for combustion

Fuel injection device for internal-combustion engines for the injection of two fuels

Combustion engine of diesel type for combustion of gas and method of supplying fuel to such an engine

double-end-face air inlet rotor machine and control method

一种双端面进气转子机及控制方法，属于内燃机领域，具体涉及一种双端面进气转子发动机及根据转子机转速调节进气道开启程度的控制方法。本发明以转速传感器(12)输出至ECU(E)的转速信号L1为依据，判断发动机的运转情况，通过ECU(E)输出至进气挡板位置执行器(9)信号L2调节进气道开启程度，从而控制进气量大小，实现转子发动机的良好高速性能。

Dual fuel engine which ignites a homogeneous mixture of gaseous fuel, air, and pilot fuel

Internal combustion engine having fuel injection system and method of supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine

The diesel engine has an injection system with injectors to inject compressed liquid gas under high pressure into the combustion chambers of the cylinders (35), using liquid injectors. The liquid gas can be created from volatile organic compounds vaporised from the crude oil tank. The engine may be a high compression engine with a compression ratio of at least 1:14. The liquid gas can have a methane number of less than 10. There may also be secondary injectors (16) for the high pressure injection of gaseous mixtures.

Method for operation of compression ignition internal combustion engine and compression ignition engine

An air-compressing, self-igniting combustion engine for liquid fuels, in an arrangement that includes a combustion chamber depression in a piston for receiving injected fuel predominantly in the vicinity of the wall thereof and for receiving rotating combustion air at the time of fuel injection. Oxygen-containing fuel that is reluctant to ignite is injected through a first injection device into the combustion chamber depression; through a second injection device there is injected fuel that is willing to ignite, for instance oil fuel, gas oil or Diesel fuel, for initiating and/or maintaining the fuel combustion in the combustion chamber depression. Furthermore, the injection times of the fuel that is willing to ignite and the oxygen-containing fuel that is reluctant to ignite overlap each other. The first and second injection nozzles each are arranged with an injection pump and are rigidly coupled and have a common injection adjuster. Both injection nozzles are combined in a single-nozzle body. One injection nozzle is embodied as a two-hole nozzle which is inclined at an acute angle in the twist direction, the fuel streams of which however form such a small differential angle with respect to each other that the droplets of the oxygen-containing fuel that is unwilling to ignite in essence form a common droplet veil or mist. The injection nozzles are so directed that a separate droplet veil or mist results for both fuels.

Large two-stroke uniflow scavenged engine with a gaseous fuel mode

실린더 라이너(1), BDC와 TDC 사이에서 왕복 운동하는 피스톤(10) 및 실린더 커버(22)로 구분되는 전체 연소실 그룹을 갖춘 대형 2행정 터보 차징 단류 소기식 내연기관에서, 전체 연소실 그룹에는 제1 소그룹 연소실과 제2 소그룹 연소실을 포함하며, 내연기관은 적어도 하나의 작동 모드에서 기체 연료를 주 연료로 작동하도록 구성되고, 제1 소그룹 연소실의 실린더(1)에는 BDC로부터 TDC로 관련 피스톤(10)의 행정 중에 가압된 기체 연료를 관련 연소실에 유입하기 위한 연료 유입 밸브(30)와 관련 피스톤(10)이 TDC에 또는 그 근처에 있을 때 관련 연소실 내로 고압 가스 연료를 분사하기 위한 연료 분사 밸브(50)가 둘 다 제공되고, 제2 소그룹 연소실의 실린더에는 BDC로부터 TDC로 관련 피스톤(10)의 행정 중에 가압된 기체 연료를 관련 연소실에 유입하기 위한 연료 유입 밸브(30) 또는 관련 피스톤(10)이 TDC에 또는 그 근처에 있을 때 관련 연소실 내로 고압 기체 연료를 분사하기 위한 연료 분사 밸브(50) 중 하나가 제공된다. In a large two-stroke turbocharged single flow scavenging internal combustion engine having a full combustion chamber group divided by a cylinder liner (1), a piston (10) reciprocating between BDC and TDC, and a cylinder cover (22), the entire combustion chamber group includes the first a small group combustion chamber and a second small group combustion chamber, wherein the internal combustion engine is configured to operate gaseous fuel as the main fuel in at least one mode of operation, the cylinder (1) of the first small group combustion chamber having an associated piston (10) from BDC to TDC A fuel inlet valve 30 for introducing pressurized gaseous fuel into the associated combustion chamber during the stroke of ) are provided, and the cylinder of the second small group combustion chamber has a fuel inlet valve 30 or associated piston 10 for introducing pressurized gaseous fuel into the associated combustion chamber during the stroke of the associated piston 10 from BDC to TDC. One of the fuel injection valves 50 is provided for injecting high-pressure gaseous fuel into the associated combustion chamber when at or near the TDC.

Fuel blending installation

Fuel pressure controller of gas engine with supercharger

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Burner cell for an internal combustion engine

Dual outlet check liquid fuel injector for dual fuel system

一种例如用于内燃机(10)中的双燃料系统(34)的液体燃料喷射器(56)，包括用于控制双出口止回阀(74，78)的双向喷射控制阀(82，85)。在燃料喷射器(56)内，在高压入口通道(60)、低压空间(72)以及第一出口止回阀控制室(68)和第二出口止回阀控制室(70)之间，第一组孔口(86)和第二组孔口分别按A‑F‑Z模式布置。共用喷嘴供给腔(90)与高压入口通道(60)流体连接，并向两组喷嘴出口(64，66)中的每一组提供供给，该两组喷嘴出口(64，66)通过双出口止回阀(74，78)打开和关闭。

Injection device and metering pump for an internal combustion engine

Patent FR2655089B1

Wet biofuel compression ignition

A compression ignition engine system allows use of hydrous fuels, in particular hydrous biofuels, with high water content (e.g., 20-85% water). The hydrous fuel is pressurized, and also preferably heated via the engine's exhaust gas, to increase its enthalpy, and is then directly injected into the engine cylinder(s) near top dead center. The system provides brake thermal efficiency increases of 20% or more versus a comparable system using conventional diesel fuel, while allowing the use of inexpensive undistilled or lightly distilled biofuels.

Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines

994,816. Dual fuel engines; cooling charge; regulating. SULZER FRERES S.A. Feb. 26, 1963 [Feb. 26, 1962], No. 7699/63. Heading FIB. In a dual fuel engine having a cooling system for the air supply incorporating an expansion turbine 26, the air is by-passed by a valve 24 around the cooler, when operating on gaseous fuel, at a rate which increases as the load falls. In the dual fuel engine shown the gas inlet valves are operated hydraulically by pumps 5 and liquid fuel is injected by pumps 4, the control rods 7, 6 of the pumps being connected to a floating lever 8 actuated through links 10, 11, by a governor 12 the setting of which is controlled by a lever 18. For gas operation a slide 42 is moved to the left by handle 44 and on increase of load the lever 8 pivots to increase the gas supply up to the maximum set by sleeve 42, after which the lever 8 moves rod 6 to increase the liquid fuel supply beyond the pilot amount necessary for ignition, determined by stop 40. The pressure in circuit 32 controlling the by-pass valve 24 is limited by a relief valve 35 and is controlled by valves 36, 37. With maximum pressure in circuit 32 valve 24 is moved to by-pass the air from exhaust driven turbo-charger 20 through pipe 22 around the turbo cooler system comprising in series cooler 27, compressor 25, cooler 28 and expansion turbine 26. During operation on liquid fuel, as soon as rod 6 moves beyond the pilot injection position, valve 36 is opened to reduce the pressure in circuit 32 and open valve 24. For operation on gaseous fuel, valve 36 is closed and valve 37 is increasingly opened by lever 18 as the load is so that the pressure in circuit 32 is gradually reduced, whereby valve 24 moves towards closing and an increasing amount of air is passed through the turbo-cooling system.

Diesel engines bi-fuel control system

A bi-fuel control system and assembly for modifying and operating a diesel engine (30) to the extent that the engine is capable of running in either a full diesel fuel diesel mode or a bi-fuel mode, where bi-fuel is defined as a mixture of a methane based gas (10) and diesel fuel. The control system and assembly are designed to provide for either manual or automatic transfer between modes for continuous engine operation without interruption in output and at substantially equivalent efficiency levels. A gas control sub-system and sub-assembly are provided to control the amount of gas supplied to the diesel engine (30) in the bi-fuel mode, and an electronic control sub-system and sub-assembly are provided to control the overall system and assembly based on engine load as determined from the intake manifold air (28) pressure.

Double fuel feed for motor vehicle has three-way valves for auxiliary fuel tank controlling flushing of injection pump

The double fuel feed for has an auxiliary tank (1) with an independent electrical boost pump and a polyamide fuel circuit (12). The circuit has filters (5) and three-way electro-valves at the injection pump (14) inlet and return outlet. This allows flushing of the injection pump if the fuel tank is contaminated by domestic heating oil.

Method for operating a multiple-fuel two-stroke internal combustion engine and multiple-fuel two-stroke internal combustion engine

The present invention relates to a method for operating a multiple-fuel two-stroke internal combustion engine. According to the signal from an oxygen sensor arranged in the exhaust system, a control unit outputs signals for modifying the displacement characteristics of the piston independently from the crankshaft rotation and, at a given moment in the cycle, the piston closes the bypass and exhaust windows. According to a signal from the control unit, the method involves displacing the tilting axes of levers that offset the pivots of the articulated connecting-rods of the pistons towards the cylinder axes, which accelerates the closing of the bypass and exhaust windows by the piston during the ventilation step.

Multifuel engine and method to run it

The invention relates to the power engineering industry, in particular, to the power plants with the engines of heat energy external supply which can be utilized as multifuel engines, and it can be applied to produce heat, cold, electric power and in other branches of technics where the plants of this type can be used. The multifuel external combustion engine contains cylinders to expand (1-6) and to compress (7-10) the working body, heat exchangers (12, 13, 15-17). According to the invention, the compression cylinders are established to be divided into not less than two groups (7,8 and 9,10). The volume of the group (7, 8) to be the first in the direction of the working body movement is larger than the volume of the last group (9, 10). The expansion (1-6) cylinders are established to be divided into not less than two groups (1-2, 3-6); the volume of the group to be the first (1-2) in the direction of the working body movement is smaller than the volume of the last one (3-6). Heaters (12) are mounted between the groups of the expansion cylinders (1-2, 3-6), coolers (13) are mounted between the groups of the compression cylinders (7-8, 9-10). At least one heater (15, 16) is mounted between the last group of the compression cylinders (9-10) in the direction of the working body movement and the first group of the expansion cylinders (1-2), and at least one cooler (16, 17) is mounted between the last group of the expansion cylinders (3-6) in the direction of the working body movement and the first group of the compression cylinders (9, 10). The engine contains a system to control and to keep its working parameters stability. The system to control the engine and to keep its characteristics stability can contain a block (25) to regulate gasodynamic parameters of the engine and a block (24) to regulate thermodynamic parameters of the engine. The engine can contain an electro generator (19) connected to the outlet shaft (20) of the engine and a block (26) to regulate ...

Method of operating an air-compressing, self-igniting engine for liquid fuel

A method of operating an air-compressing, self-igniting combustion engine for liquid fuels, in an arrangement that includes a combustion chamber depression in a piston for receiving injected fuel predominantly in the vicinity of the wall thereof and for receiving rotating combustion air at the time of fuel injection. Oxygen-containing fuel that is reluctant to ignite is injected through a first injection device into the combustion chamber depression; through a second injection device there is injected fuel that is willing to ignite, for instance oil fuel, gas oil or Diesel fuel, for initiating and/or maintaining the fuel combustion in the combustion chamber depression. Furthermore, the injection times of the fuel that is willing to ignite and the oxygen-containing fuel that is reluctant to ignite overlap each other. The first and second injection nozzles each are arranged with an injection pump and are rigidly coupled and have a common injection adjuster. Both injection nozzles are combined in a single-nozzle body. One injection nozzle is embodied as a two-hole nozzle which is inclined at an acute angle in the twist direction, the fuel streams of which however form such a small differential angle with respect to each other that the droplets of the oxygen-containing fuel that is unwilling to ignite in essence form a common droplet veil or mist. The injection nozzles are so directed that a separate droplet veil or mist results for both fuels.

Variable compression ratio internal combustion engine

Dual fuel engine control

一种用于双燃料柴油机的燃气替代系统，它监测载荷和RPM以及发动机和车辆的操作状态，包括节气门位移、巡航控制、空转、车轮制动和发动机制动、手动控制。收集数据以针对载荷/RPM对值建立诸如燃料消耗和废气排放之类的参数，并且使用这些参数创建在可以进行替换的操作状态范围内每个载荷/RPM对的最佳燃气替换值。该系统适用于：恒发动机转速固定应用(发电机组)；包括活动装置在内的变发动机转速应用；不具备现有发动机管理系统的汽车应用；具有基本的现有发动机管理系统的汽车应用；具有高级现有发动机管理系统的汽车应用。

PROCEDURE FOR THE OPERATION OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION AIR COMPRESSION AND SELF-IGNITION ENGINE

Apparatus and method for controlling a multi-fuel engine

A dual-fuel engine has a primary fuel supply and a secondary fuel supply, the primary and secondary fuels being arranged in use to mix with each other and with air for combustion in one or more cylinders of the engine. The supply of both the primary and secondary fuels is arranged to be actively managed in accordance with a desired engine performance characteristic by an electronic controller. In one arrangement the supply of a primary fuel is arranged to be actively reduced when a secondary fuel is supplied to the engine.

Cylinder head of internal combustion engine

本发明涉及一种内燃机(特别是燃气发动机)的汽缸盖(1)，包括：至少一个火花塞(8)，具有至少一个接地电极(10)从而形成点火火花(11)；以及预燃室部件(2)，其容纳火花塞(8)并形成预燃室(5)，布置在预燃室(2)中的燃料通道(12)通向预燃室。本发明解决的问题是改善点火。上述汽缸盖解决了这一问题，通过在出口(13)处将燃料通道(12)的流动轴线(S)定向到接地电极(10)的方向上，这样基本上整个燃料流(B)都流向接地电极(10)，火花塞(8)的旋转轴线(D)与预燃室(5)的轴线(A)偏离(x)，该偏离(x)在最大预燃室直径(g)的0到15％之间。

TORCH CELL AND CYLINDER HEAD ASSOCIATED WITH A POLYFUEL ENGINE.

L'invention se rapporte aux moteurs à pistons alternatifs. Ce moteur polycarburant ou entièrement diesel comprend pour l'inflammation du carburant une cellule de chalumeau (50) présentant une buse (90) qui débouche dans la chambre de combustion et est alimentée en carburant par un injecteur (80) incliné sur l'axe de la cellule. La cellule possède une chambre d'auto-inflammation (100) qui communique avec l'injecteur par un passage (70) et avec la chambre de combustion du cylindre par un orifice incliné (102). Le carburant injecte s'enflamme au contact des gaz comprimés et la flamme enflamme le mélange contenu dans la chambre de combustion. Principale application: gros moteurs fixes à carburant gazeux. The invention relates to reciprocating piston engines. This multi-fuel or fully diesel engine comprises, for igniting the fuel, a torch cell (50) having a nozzle (90) which opens into the combustion chamber and is supplied with fuel by an injector (80) inclined on the axis of the cell. The cell has an auto-ignition chamber (100) which communicates with the injector through a passage (70) and with the combustion chamber of the cylinder through an inclined orifice (102). The injected fuel ignites on contact with the compressed gases and the flame ignites the mixture contained in the combustion chamber. Main application: large stationary gaseous fuel engines.

Method and apparatus for providing multipoint fuel injection to an internal combustion engine

A multipoint fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine includes fuel metering device(s) such as fuel injector(s) associated for selectively controlled injection of the second fuel to corresponding combustion chamber(s) of the internal combustion engine. A fuel supply manifold associates with fuel injector(s) for directing the second fuel to each fuel injector. An intake port adaptor mechanism adapts the intake port of the associated combustion chamber to receive the selectively controlled injection of the fuel from an associated fuel injector. The intake port adaptor mechanism may also engage the intake port so as to permit selective flow of the first fuel or the second fuel to the intake port of the selected combustion chamber. A control mechanism selectively controls the flow of the second fuel through each injector(s). The multipoint fuel delivery system make practical both dedicated or single-fuel multipoint injection and, alternatively, selective bi-fuel multipoint injection for an internal combustion engine.

METHOD FOR OPERATING AN AIR COMPRESSING, SELF-IGNITIONING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

INJECTION DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, ALLOWING THE INJECTION OF TWO FUELS

An injector apparatus for an internal combustion engine and suitable for injecting two different fuels, namely a "pilot injection" liquid fuel and a "main injection" liquid or gaseous fuel comprising a low-pressure pump (1B) for pilot injection fuel feed, a high-pressure pump (1A) of the injection pump type, two fuel injectors, and a metering pump (30) selectively connecting the low-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump, and the two fuel injectors. The metering pump (30) includes a transfer piston (2) and two abutments (3, 4) which are independently adjustable so as to vary the relative importance of pilot injection and of main injection and also vary the extent to which the two injection stages overlap.

Technique and method for achieving power generation by means of explosion of extremely-low-concentration gas

本发明涉及一种利用极低浓度瓦斯爆炸发电的技术及方法。为使浓度低于5％爆炸下限的瓦斯得到充分利用、尤其是浓度低于0.75％的矿井回风瓦斯，本方法在瓦斯中喷入最佳体积浓度的可燃易爆的气体或液体，其价格相对便宜，易于储存和运输，且具有较低的爆炸下限，与极低浓度瓦斯混合后可以点燃爆炸，进而做功产生机械能，机械能由活塞带动曲轴连杆连接发电机转换为电能，并对余热进行回收利用。本技术包括瓦斯输送及干燥系统、液体雾化系统、配气系统、冷却系统、余热利用系统、热机系统、发电系统。本发明可以充分利用浓度低于5％的瓦斯、提高能量转换效率并减少温室气体的排放，是一种新的节能减排的发电方法。

Fuel producing system for solid/liquid mixtures

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A fuel producing system for a solid/liquid mixture. The system comprises a mixing reservoir having a first inlet for receiving a combustible liquid fuel, and a second inlet for receiving a solid fuel pulverized to a mixable state with said liquid fuel. Mixing means is provided in the mixing reservoir to mix both fuels. Quantitative control means is also provided in the reser-voir to measure predetermined amounts of the liquid and solid fuels delivered therein. A holding reservoir receives the solid/liquid fuel mixture from an output conduit of the mixing reservoir. Pump means is provided in the output conduit. First control means is further provided to shut off the flow of the fuel mixture to the holding reservoir to permit the mixing of further fuel mixture in the mixing reservoir. A second control means initiates the flow of the fuel mixture to the hold-ing tank when the mixture fluid therein is extracted to a predetermined low level.

Fuel control system for a dual-fueled power unit

FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A DUAL-FUELED POWER UNIT Abstract of the Disclosure A turbo-charged, inter cooled governed speed diesel engine directly coupled to an alternator for electrical generation is adapted for dual-fuel operation and mounted on a trailer which also supports the engine's fuel sources including diesel fuel in a conventional tank. The second fuel is producer gas generated in a down draft continuously operating producer of the moving-packed-bed vertical flow reactor type with co-current gas flow. Solid waste such as crop residues, e.g., corn cobs, is used as fuel stock for the producer and is conveyed automatically to the producer from a bin on the trailer. Before delivery to the air intake of the diesel engine the producer gas is conditioned by passing it through a cyclone and filter to remove solid particu-late matter and a cooler-condenser for cooling the gas and con-densing out tars. The diesel governor and fuel pump assembly is modified only by the application of a fuel rack stop for maintain-ing a pilot flow of diesel fuel and the engine control system is such that the response of the diesel injection system to changes in engine load is normal in general; however, automatic controls are provided for monitoring diesel pump fuel rack position and engine load so that after engine loading is increased a throttle valve in the gas supply to the engine is progressively and rela-tively slowly opened tending to increase engine speed so that the diesel injection rate is conventionally cut back correspondingly until an equilibrium condition is reached in which engine fuel demand in excess of the pilot minimum diesel fuel flow required to maintain combustion is provided by producer gas. The response of the system to a decrease of engine loading when the engine is operating at minimum diesel fuel flow (that is with the fuel rack stop effective) is to reduce fuel supply rapidly and appropriately by partially closing the gas throttle valve. Automatic safety ...

Plant for supplying diesel cycle engines with diesel oil and with a mixture of diesel oil and gas

Disclosed herein is a plant that supplies a diesel oil-gas fuel mixture to diesel cycle engines and comprises: a device for interrupting the travel of the lever that controls the injection pump and is connected to the accelerator; and a mixer group placed along the manifold for the induction of air to the cylinders, comprising two separate parallel pipes, the first of which provided with a first throttle valve movable between two extreme positions, namely a position for opening the air passage when the engine is running on diesel oil and a position for closing the air passage when the engine is running on a mixture of diesel oil and gas, and the second of which provided with a Venturi tube and with a second throttle valve for blocking the air passage, movable continuously and connected to the accelerator, the said Venturi tube being connected to a pipe for the supply of the gas at low pressure; the said pipes being jointly provided with an air passage area at least identical to that required for maximum engine air induction.

Non- natural gas used for automobile generating set

一种非车用天然气发电机组，用于发电机领域 。 发动机控制模块连接发动机上水温传感器、氧含量传感器、进气压力传感器、进气温度传感器、转速传感器、相位传感器及机油压力传感器，发电机控制系统与发动机控制模块通讯，通过控制发动机转速来达到发电机指定电压与频率值；发动机缸盖废气排放气道为直线通道；水冷增压器增设有进、出水孔。本发明通过设置各类传感器及自动化调节，来监测整机的各项性能参数，确保了发电机组的电压、频率值要求和安全性能指标，可有效实现发动机内的混合气体充分燃烧，保障发电机组的稳定运行和持续发电，延长发动机的使用寿命，显著降低噪音及排气阻力，提高发动机功率。

Plant for supplying diesel cycle engines with diesel oil and with a mixture of diesel oil and gas

Patent FR2389776B1

Fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine

Engine gas circulation system, control method thereof and vehicle

本发明公开一种发动机气体循环系统及其控制方法和车辆，属于汽车技术领域，发动机气体循环系统包括废气回收管路和废气排出管路，在所述废气回收管路上设置有第一阀门，用于控制废气回收管路和废气排出管路导通或者截止；所述系统还包括：气流发生装置，可连通于所述废气回收管路；控制器，分别与所述气流发生装置、所述第一阀门和发动机连接，所述控制器根据排水信号，控制所述第一阀门导通所述废气回收管路和废气排出管路，且控制所述气流发生装置工作，向所述废气回收管路通入气流并从所述废气排出管路的出口流出。本发明利用新鲜空气将存留在废气回收管路及废气排出管路中的水蒸气吹出，避免发动机停机后管路结冰。

An internal combustion engine of the diesel type for combustion of gas, and a method of supplying such an engine with fuel

본 발명은 가스 연소용 디젤형 내연기관 및 그러한 내연기관에 연료를 공급하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 액체 분사기에 의해 실린더(35)의 연소실로 압축된 액체 가스를 고압으로 분사하는 분사기들을 구비한 분사장치를 포함한다. 상기 액체 가스는 원유탱크(1)들로부터 증발된 휘발성 유기 화합물들로부터 생성된다. 엔진은 적어도 1:14의 압축비를 갖는 고압축 엔진이며 액체 가스는 10미만의 메탄가를 가진다. The present invention relates to a diesel-type internal combustion engine for gas combustion and a method for supplying fuel to such an internal combustion engine, comprising: an injector having an injector for injecting a liquid gas compressed at a high pressure into a combustion chamber of a cylinder 35 by a liquid injector; It includes. The liquid gas is produced from volatile organic compounds evaporated from the crude oil tanks 1. The engine is a high compression engine having a compression ratio of at least 1:14 and the liquid gas has less than 10 methane numbers.

Combustion system for dual fuel engine

We provide a torch cell for a dual fuel engine and a dual fuel engine. The torch cell has a torch cell nozzle at one end thereof and the other end having appropriate means to connect said torch cell to a fuel supply. A fuel injector is mounted in said torch cell at a predetermined angle to an axis of said torch cell. The torch cell has an auto-ignition chamber that is in operative communication with the injector by an injector nozzle passageway. The injector nozzle passageway enters the auto-ignition chamber at a predetermined angle relative to the cell axis. The torch cell provides an improved dual fuel engine and method for operating a dual fuel engine by use of its auto-ignition chamber. We also provide a cylinder head which can replace present dual fuel engine cylinder heads. Our cylinder head has at least one of our torch cells operatively connected to the cylinder head.

Piston engine suitable for the use of both gaseous and liquid fuel, as well as a torch cell for this.

FUEL-COMBUSTING ENGINE, CHIMNEY CELL AND CYLINDER HEAD, AND COMBUSTION METHOD FOR SAID POLYCURBURING ENGINE.

l'invention se rapporte aux moteurs à pistons alternatifs. Ce moteur polycarburant ou entièrement diesel comprend pour l'inflammation du carburant une cellule de chalumeau (50) présentant une buse (90) qui débouche dans la chambre de combustion et est alimentée en carburant par un injecteur (80) incliné sur l'axe de la cellule. La cellule possède une chambre d'auto-inflammation (100) qui communique avec l'injecteur par un passage (70) et avec la chambre de combustion du cylindre par un orifice incliné (102). Le carburant injecté s'enflamme au contact des gaz comprimés et la flamme enflamme le mélange contenu dans la chambre de combustion. Principale application: gros moteurs fixes à carburant gazeux. the invention relates to reciprocating piston engines. This multi-fuel or fully diesel engine comprises, for igniting the fuel, a torch cell (50) having a nozzle (90) which opens into the combustion chamber and is supplied with fuel by an injector (80) inclined on the axis of the cell. The cell has an auto-ignition chamber (100) which communicates with the injector through a passage (70) and with the combustion chamber of the cylinder through an inclined orifice (102). The injected fuel ignites on contact with the compressed gases and the flame ignites the mixture contained in the combustion chamber. Main application: large stationary gaseous fuel engines.

Methods and systems for multi-fuel engine

A method and system are provided for adjusting a speed of a turbocharger compressor using an electric motor in response to a relative substitution rate of first and second fuels in a multi-fuel engine.

Burner cell for an internal combustion engine

Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine

Fuel system

Dual gas-liquid fuel engine

We provide a torch cell for a dual gas-liquid fuel engine, the torch cell has a torch cell nozzle at one end thereof and the other end having appropriate means to connect said torch cell to a fuel supply. A fuel injector is mounted in said torch cell at a predetermined angle to an axis of said torch cell. The torch cell has an auto-ignition chamber that is in operative communication with the injector by an injector nozzle passageway. The injector nozzle passageway enters the auto-ignition chamber at a predetermined angle relative to the cell axis. The torch cell provides an improved dual fuel engine and method for operating a dual fuel engine by use of its autoignition chamber. We also provide a cylinder head which can replace present dual fuel engine cylinder heads. Our cylinder head has at least one of our torch cells operatively connected to the cylinder head.

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PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE OPERATION OF A COMBUSTED ENGINE, WITH AIR COMPRESSION AND AUTO-IGNITION TYPE, FOR LIQUID FUELS AS WELL AS FUEL USED IN THE PROCESS

Methods and systems for multi-fuel engine

A method and system are provided for adjusting a speed of a turbocharger compressor using an electric motor in response to a relative substitution rate of first and second fuels in a multi-fuel engine.

An internal combustion engine and ignition system with a pre-chamber

An ignition system for a vehicle internal combustion engine (12) has a capsule defining a pre-chamber (136), an ignition fuel supply system (500) configured to inject an ignition fuel to the pre-chamber to create an ignition fuel-air mix in the pre-chamber, an ignition surface (137) within the pre-chamber, the ignition surface being defined by an interior surface of the capsule and configured to be contacted by the ignition fuel in the pre-chamber to thereby ignite the ignition fuel by hot surface ignition, and at least one jet nozzle (152). The ignition fuel is characterised by having a carbon content by mass less than 65%, a hot surface ignition temperature less than 500 deg C, and a volumetric energy density (LHV) greater than 18 MJ/L. The at least one jet nozzle is configured such that ignition of the ignition fuel by contact with the ignition surface causes at least one of hot gases, partially combusted fuel and flames to leave the pre-chamber through the at least one jet nozzle.