CONTAINER ON THE BASIS OF COMPOUND ELEMENTS

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Container on the basis of compound elements description the invention refers to containers, prefers tanks for liquids, with a Füllvolumen between 1 m3 and 20000 m3, preferentially between 1 m3 and 2000 m3, particularly preferentially between 2 m3 and 1000 m3, in particular between 2 m3 and 400 m3. In addition the invention concerns procedures for the production of such containers.

By the expression " Füllvolumen " is to be understood in particular the maximum volume, which can be filled into the container according to invention at a temperature of 25 C.

If container, in particular, admitted tank for liquid substances consist usually of reinforced sheet metals. It is usually necessary that the container from a material is manufactured or Triclad of sheet metals are used, whereby these solutions are to be processed straight with containers to the storage of aggressive media depending upon material very expensively and with difficulty.

With Triclad it acts around a material by a blowing up welding method manufactured and for example welded joints from aluminum and steel only makes itself possible.

In particular the building of the entire tank made of high-grade steel is very expensive and complex. Further disadvantages with the well-known solutions are the high wall thicknesses, which are needed, in order to apply profiles in particular for reinforcement, whereby generally expensive special electrodes are needed for welding the Holland profiles, bracket sections, Verstärkungsprofile, sectional steels. Straight one by the Verstärkungsprofile results usually a high weight and an appropriate place loss in the case of Korrosionsanfälligkeit of the welding seams increased at the same time, in particular in ballast water tanks. In case of of containers kept at a moderate temperature the heating system is very corrosion susceptible with metal designs, among other things because the heating coils in tanks are to be cleaned with pipe clamps fastened and with difficulty.

The available invention was the basis the task, a container, to develop in particular a tank for liquids which exhibits a clearly smaller inclination to the corrosion, in particular also regarding a heating system. In addition the container should be clearly more surely concerning possible leakages, preferentially with high Impaktionssicherheit and good thermal isolation. Also a high fire safety was aimed at.

This task was solved by the fact that the container contains a compound element, which exhibits the following laminated structure:

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(i) 1 mm up to 20 mm, prefers 1 mm up to 10 mm metal, plastic or wood, prefers metal, in particular high-grade steel, (ii) 5 mm up to 300 mm, 10 mm up to 100 mm prefer, particularly prefer 10 mm up to 60 mm plastic or bitumen, prefer plastic, particularly prefer polyisocyanate polyaddition product, in particular available by conversion of the liquid basic materials (A) isocyanate and (B) opposite isocyanates reactive connections, (iii), prefers 1 mm up to 20 mm 1 mm up to 10 mm metal, prefers plastic or wood, metal, in particular iron or steel, e.g.

ST 52 steel, whereby the layer (i) prefers the interior of the container limited and the layer (iii) the external wall of the container and the layer (ii) represents prefers responsible between that the layers (i) and (iii) is arranged. To the layers (i), (ii) and (iii) represented length specifications refer to the thicknesses of the respective layers.

The containers according to invention on the basis of the compound elements offer in particular the following advantages: Different materials e.g. High-grade steel and normal steel e.g. in ST 52 quality are combinable with one another.

Reinforcement elements as corrosion points of attack are strongly reduced.

Training, integration of heating coils into the elastomer is possible.

Technical realization e.g. by channels, which sand-yielded in however at that the tank inside turned sides is attached.

Reduced welding seam thickness at heater pipes, there in the plastic of the layer (ii) corrosion proof, thus use of automatic welders possible.

Integration of a damage control procedure into the layer (ii) possible, e.g. through insert a sensory net, which seeks out leakages by resistance test. lsolationseffekt by the layer (ii), energy conservation with storage, kept at a moderate temperature high thereby.

Further increase of the isolation effect by addition of fillers, micro glass balls, Filliten and other materials for the increase of the damming characteristics in the layer (ii) possible.

High Impaktionssicherheit with collisions, explosions for the protection of the load.

High fire safety by good damming characteristics.

The layers (i) and (iii) can be based for example on usual plastics or metals or wood. E.G. usual plastic or metal plates can,

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for example iron, Stahl-Kupfer-und/or aluminum plates, with which thicknesses according to invention are used. Steel or iron is preferential. Particularly prefers containing the layers (i) and (iii) different metals. In particular the layer (i), which limits the container interior, made of high-grade steel, e.g. usual, commercially available high-grade steel exists and the layer (iii) made of a metal different of high-grade steel, iron prefers or particularly prefers steel, for example usual steel.

By the separation of the layers (i) and (iii) by the layer (ii) it is possible to combine different metals without larger problems.

Preferred if the container according to invention points in the layer (ii) generally admitted heating elements up, prefers heating coils, by which a heating liquid prefers preferentially with a temperature between 0 and 90 C is led. These heating coils can between the layers (i) and (iii) installs and afterwards with the liquid output components for the production of (ii) recast become. Those are to heating striking preferentially because of the layer (i), which represents the inner wall of the container, on. Particularly preferentially lies between the heating coils and the layer (iii), which represent the external wall, the layer (ii) forwards, i.e. the layer (ii) isolates thermally the heating coils from the outside environment.

Preferred the container according to invention points in the layer (ii) a detection system for leakages, for example a sensory net on the basis of elektri schen lines, with by resistance tests leakages to be detected up. Appropriate detection systems are well-known and commercially available. As also the detection system between the layers (i) knows the heating systems and (iii) positions and afterwards with the output components for the production of (ii) recast and thus to be fixed.

With the container according to invention it concerns preferentially a tank for petroleum products and/or petrochemical products. Particularly preferentially it acts with the containers according to invention around Treibstofftanks, in particular fuel oil tanks kept at a moderate temperature of ships.

The containers according to invention can exhibit an angular or round form, prefer a round form, particularly prefer a spherical shape.

The procedure for the production of the containers according to invention can be preferentially in such a manner out-arranged that one by means of the layer (i) the internal wall of the Behäl ters, which limits the interior of the container, for example forms or accordingly welded, afterwards the layer (iii) manufactures formed sheet metals around those

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Layer (i) forms, for example according to formed sheet metals by means of spacers (iv) fixed on the inner wall, i.e. the layer (i), for example welds, and then into one or more steps the layer (ii) between the layers (i) and (iii), preferentially by filling in the liquid output components to the Herstel lung from Polyisoscyanat Polyadditionsprodukten between the inner wall (i) and the external wall (iii) manufacture.

Alternatively the production can take place containers according to invention via the fact that one prefabricated compound elements containing the layers (i), (ii), and (iii) to the container, preferentially welded and prefers afterwards an area remaining if necessary at the seams prefabricated compound elements between the layers (i) joins and (iii) with (ii) fills up.

According to invention preferred the compound elements, also as SPS elements (Sandwich Plate system) admits, contain a group from metal and plastic. From the adhesion of the plastic at the two layers of metal compound elements with extraordinary advantages result opposite well-known steel constructions. Such SPS elements are admit from the writings US 6,050,208, US 5,778,813, DE-A 198 25 083, DE-A 198 25 085, DE-A 198 25 084, DE-A 198 25 087 and DE-A 198 35 727.

In the following is to be represented the output components as well as the procedures for the production of the compound elements , which form the container according to invention, in detail. The data refer both to the production the container from prefabricated compound elements, those to the container to be built up and to the manufacturing of the container by figuration of the inner wall (i), following production of the external wall (iii) in suitable distance, the thickness of the layer (ii) defines, over the inner wall (i) and following filling out of the area between (i) and (iii) in one or more steps with the plastic (ii). The prefabricated compound elements can weld for example through or stick together to the desired containers to be built up.

The adjustment of the layer (iii) on and with the layer (i) can for example by means of suitable spacers (iv) take place, those from metal, wood or plastic, prefers metal for example Triclad to exist being able and prefers with the layers (i) and (iii) to be stuck together or welded, preferentially welded. One prefers with (ii) which can be filled area between (i) and (iii) with exception of openings, which serve filling, completely with the elements (iv) sealed, thus running out from liquid components to the production of (ii) from the area between (i)

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and (iii) one avoids. With the elements (iv) it can concern for example flat irons, whose height by the desired thickness of the layer (ii) to be selected can.

The length of the flat irons can itself after the dimensions, i.e. the width and length with (ii) area which can be filled between (i) and (iii) measured.

The thickness, i.e. the dimension parallel to the layers (i) and (iii), the flat irons can amount to preferentially between 10 mm and 100 mm, particularly preferentially between 20 mm and 50 mm. With the elements (iv) it concerns thus preferentially flat irons, which on the layer (i) being prefers a width exhibit, which is same or larger than their height, whereby its height the thickness of the layer (ii) defined.

Like also the layers (i) and (iii) can be cleaned, radiated the elements (iv), radiated e.g. and be pre-treated in other suitable and well-known way. The elements (iv) know iron or steel, wood and/or plastic on metal, prefer being based, e.g. admitted to hard plastics, which possess a sufficient firmness, to carry in order if necessary the layer (iii) for example PU, PP, polystyrene, Polyoxymethylen, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene. As metals for example aluminum, copper, iron and prefer well-known kinds of steel come in question.

For sticking together (iv) with (i) and/or (iii) can be used well-known adhesives, which for sticking together for (i), (admits iii) and (iv) selected materials as adhesives are. One is preferred the elements (iv) by means of one in or two-component, solvent-free or adhesive containing solvent on the basis of epoxy resins and/or Methacrylaten and/or PU with the layer (i) and if necessary (iii) to stick together. Ensures the adhesive prefers a tension and shear resistance of more largely 2 MPa, a shearing strength, i.e. between the layers (i), (iv), (iii)/adhesives, of more largely 2 MPa and prefers a permanent group under influence of corrosion and humidity, whereby preferentially without the employment of an adhesion mediator, i.e. primer, can be done.

This is valid in particular if it itself with (iv) and with (iv) to living layer (i) and (iii) around metal acts.

With the layer (ii) it can concern well-known plastics, preferentially basedly (ii) on polyisocyanate polyaddition products, particularly Polyuretha prefers ne. These polyisocyanate polyaddition products, procedures for their production and their raw materials are well-known and variously descriptive. Usually the polyisocyanate polyaddition products manufactured by conversion of the liquid basic materials (A) isocyanate and (B) opposite isocyanates reactive connections.

The output components for the production of the Knuststoffes preferentially in liquid form into the area which can be filled between (i) and (iii) filled. Therefore it is favourable that one with the liquid output components for the production of

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(ii) area between the layers (i), which can be filled, and (iii) by the elements (iv) with exceptions of openings (v), which filling with the output components for the production of (ii) it serves, in such a manner seals that unwanted running out of the liquid output components is prevented, and afterwards the liquid output components for the production of (ii) into the area which can be filled fills in.

The compound elements according to invention exhibit as prefabricated parts, which can be built up to the container, prefer a width of 0,2 m to 5 m, prefer 0.5 to 3 m, and a length from 0,5 m to 10 m, prefer 1 m to 5 m, i.e. the area, which is limited by the elements (iv), exhibits prefers these dimensions. The layer (i), on which the elements (iv) by sticking together are fastened, is preferentially to a large extent horizontal aligned. The layer (iii) is preferential to a large extent parallel to the layer (i) aligned.

In the layer (ii) strengthening working Materialen can be present if necessary.

E.G. one can into the area which can be filled between (i) and (iii) laminar, if necessary three-dimensional things to insert, which reduces a part of the tension forces working at the boundary surfaces of plastic and metal, and afterwards (ii) to fill in. Preferred it concerns with the thing a lattice, a perforated plate and/or a network, which are laminar and if necessary three-dimensional deformed. By the expression " three-dimensional deformed " it is to be understood that it does not have to concern with (vi) an even thing, but regular or unreelmässige unevenness, edges or the like exhibit.

For example a thing or a shaped part (vi) can be used, a regular or irregular, Ziehharmonika well-behaved folding or wave shape exhibits, with the upper and lower edges to the surface of as thing (vi) (i) and/or are enough (iii).

These things can be based for example on glass fibers, metal or plastic.

Such lattices, plates or networks, for example metal lattices, metal plates, metal wire meshes, glass fiber mats or gelöcherte plastic foils or plates are commercially available or in simple way in well-known procedures by the specialist producible.

The basic materials for the production of (ii) preferentially continuously without interruption in only one work procedure into the area which can be filled between (i) and (iii), preferred particularly one is registered the basic materials by means of high pressure equipment over one or more mixture heads registering, for example fill in.

The basic materials for the production of (ii) preferentially in liquid condition into the area between (i) and (iii) filled, whereby prefers during this filling procedure

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a negative pressure in which can be filled the area between (i) and (iii) one produces. Filling can for example by openings (v) in (i) and/or (iii) to take place. This offers the advantage that the liquid into the area " sucked " and also small cavities are filled out with the liquid. Preferred the negative pressure in the area which can be filled amounts to 0.2 bar up to 0.8 bar, i.e. the pressure in the form which can be filled is 0.8 to 0.2 bar lower than the ambient air printing.

The negative pressure, which can be produced for example by well-known vaccum pumps, is reached preferentially by the fact that (i) and/or (iii) additionally to that or the openings (v) in (i) and/or (iii), over which the basic materials for the production of (ii) to be registered, at least a further opening (v) to have, over which the negative pressure is applied. One prefers between a vaccum pump, which produces the negative pressure, and which opening (v) inserted in (i) a hose. This hose can for example on (i) to be pressed or stuck together. The quantities of basic materials for the production of (ii) it is to be measured only with difficulty in such a way that the straight area which can be filled (R) is filled, but overflowing is prevented.

Therefore prefers larger mixing at output components into the production of (ii) into the area between (i) and (iii) given, when this can take up. The resulting overflow preferentially over openings (v) exhausted. As soon as the area between (i) and (iii) with the output components for the production of (ii) is completely filled, can on the basis a rise of the liquid in the hose, which is preferential transparency, which terminates filling and which openings (v) to be locked. Locking the openings knows for example with one plastic or metal plugs preferentially with a screw-type cap, which prefers itself either in the overflow container or between overflow container and (i) and/or (iii) finds, to take place.

The openings (v) remain preferentially locked up to the end of the curing procedure of the mixture (A) and (B) by the fixed mixture head.

Usually the layers (i) point and (iii) no characteristics up, which to an attachment Ausflussendes for filling the area between (i) and (iii) with liquids to serve can. With the expression " discharge end " can concern it usual mechanisms, be filled up with the help of those liquids, for example tank connecting pieces, hose ends, mixture heads, statics mixers or the like.

Preferred it concerns with the discharge end a mixture head. Such mixture heads are well-known and for example in connection with usual dosing equipment for PU systems commercially available. The attachment Ausflussendes, prefers the mixture head can take place preferentially in such a manner the fact that prefers the discharge end of the conveyer system or a mounting plate for the discharge end of the conveyer system in at least three places, is bolted three to six places, particularly prefers four or five places with the layer (i).

The liquid is preferred by at least one opening (v) in (i) and/or (iii) in

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the area between (i) and (iii) filled. Preferred one can for attachment for example a mixture head pin with a thread, which serves for the attachment of the mixture head or a mounting plate for the mixture head, into the layer (i) shoots. These pins can approach preferentially at the side turned away from the thread pointedly, in order them more simply into the layer to be able to bring (i). The pins exhibit prefer a diameter from 6 mm to 20 mm and a length from 8 mm to 42 mm.

The thread, which is outward arranged after the adjustment of the pins, i.e. on the side of (i), which from (iii), has prefers a length from 4 mm to 30 mm is turned away. Bringing in the pins takes place for example via shooting with a pin thrust tool, which is available commercially e.g. at the company Hilti. Preferred points (i) thus threads up, with the help of those the discharge end at the opening (v), by which the liquid is filled in, with (i) is bolted. Preferred one can for the improvement of the poetry between the discharge end and the layer (i) between the layer (i) and the mixture head an O-ring from a flexible material to fix.

Such O-rings are general well-known and can in their dimensions on the diameter of the opening (iv) and the mixture head to be co-ordinated.

Preferred one fixes the mixture head thus closely at the opening (iv) in (i) or (iii), taken place via the entry of the basic materials.

Particularly preferentially one does not fasten directly the discharge end with the layer (i), but the discharge end fixes at a mounting plate, which with (i) is bolted. With this mounting plate, which prefers wood from usual materials, for example plastics, or usual metals exist can, it acts preferentially around a construction, which has drillings, by which on (threads fixed i) to be led and for example by means of appropriate nuts be fastened. In addition the mounting plate of fastening parts for the discharge end exhibits, for example plug connectors, bolt connections or edges, with which the discharge end can be strutted by flexible volumes with the mounting plate. Particularly preferred the discharge end is fastened to at least three points with the mounting plate, in order to avoid a tilting.

If one is preferred thus a mounting plate at least three threads, which on (i) are fastened, screw on and to this mounting plate the mixture head to fix. The pins can after completion of the compound elements for example at the surface of (i) to be sawed off.

Filling the area between (i) and (iii) can be accomplished with usual conveyer systems, preferentially continuously, for example with Hoch-und low pressure machines, preferably printing machines. Preferred if filling with a printing machine is made by or several, prefers injection procedure prefers a mixture head, in which the output components are mixed, in only one work procedure. In only one injection procedure it means that those

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Filling the area between (i) and (iii) for example with the basic materials for the production of (ii) before complete filling one does not interrupt. The basic materials thus preferentially in only one shot under pressure into the area between (i) and (iii) given.

This is valid in particular if it concerns with the liquid a reactive mixture, which hardens with the reaction.

Preferred if one carries thus the basic materials by means of high pressure equipment over or several, prefers a mixture head. Filling the area between (i) and (iii) can both in vertical adjustment of (i) and (iii), and in horizontal adjustment of (i) and (iii) to take place.

The layers (i) and (iii) know like initially represented preferentially as usual plastic, wood or prefer metal plates, for example iron, Stahl-Kupferund/or aluminum plates, with which thicknesses according to invention are used.

Steel or iron is preferential.

Both (i) and (iii) can be coated, priming, primed, painted for example and/or be used coated with usual plastics with the production of the compound elements according to invention. Are preferred (i) and (iii) uncoatedly and particularly prefers for example by usual sandblast cleaned assigned.

Preferred one can dry the area which can be filled. This offers the advantage that liquid components in particular which can be filled, which are reactive opposite water abreact for example isocyanates, not in unwanted secondary reaction. Drying, which takes place preferentially directly to filling, can take place for example by means of hot air or by means of compressed air. The moreover one knows the area which can be filled between (i) and (iii) by a heating up of (i) and/or dry (iii) on a temperature from 20 to 150 C for one duration of 10 min to 180 min.

Preferred one can do the one which can be filled the area between (i) and (iii) by a blower dry, air by the openings (iv) and (v) in (i) and/or (iii) by which can be filled the area between (i) and (iii) leads.

Preferred it concerns with that or the openings (v) drillings in (i) and/or (iii) with a diameter from 0,5 to 5.0 cm in (i) and/or (iii).

The area, which between (i) and (iii) with the basic materials for the production of (ii) one fills, does not have not the whole area between (i) and (iii) to represent. Both (i) and (iii) can at the edges over (ii) to project, i.e. only in a subrange of (i) and (iii) takes place a connection of (i) over (ii) on (iii). For example the area can between (i) and (iii) before filling with the basic materials in such a manner abgedich

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it is tet that itself the poetry within of (i) and (iii) of umschlossenen area finds and edges of (i) and/or (iii) projects.

The mechanical handling capacity can be varied in dependence of the volume which can be filled.

In order a homogeneous Durchhärtung of (ii) to ensure, the mechanical handling capacity and conveyer system are selected preferentially in such a manner the fact that which can be filled the area within 0,5 to 20 min with the components for the production of (ii) to be filled can. Preferred if it acts low pressure or particularly prefers itself printing machines, preferentially with piston dosage, particularly axial piston dosage prefers, whereby the storage vessel with agitator prefers and prefers is keep at a moderate temperaturable out-arranged and a cycle prefers storage vessel mixture head storage vessels is present, whereby the discharge achievement prefers 0.1 to 3.0 kg/seconds amounts to.

In order to prevent a loss at output components, it as favourable proved to examine the form which can be filled very exactly for their tightness. Usually the layers (i) become and (iii) fixed in suitable arrangement, for example parallel to each other. The distance is selected usually in such a way the fact that the area (R) between (i) and (iii) a thickness from 10 to 300 mm exhibits. The adjustment of (i) and (iii) can take place for example via spacers e.g. in a form or a suitable mounting plate. The edges of the intermediate area are sealed usually in such a manner that the area between (i) and (iii) with the liquid and/or the output components for the production of (ii) to be completely filled, a out flowing of these output components before complete filling can is however prevented.

Sealing can be welded or pressed with usual plastic, Papieroder metal foils and/or plates, which stick together for example, and be able, taken place those if necessary also as spacers to serve. This preferential sealing does not refer to the preferential openings (v), which were initially represented.

The examination of the tightness from (R) before filling with the output components effected prefers by difference of pressure measurement. By the expression difference of pressure measurement is to be understood that one tries to develop a difference of pressure between the area (R) and the outside environment during a certain period for example as one tried to reach in (R) one under or positive pressure in relation to the outside environment. This can by usual vaccum pumps or generally admitted compressors, air or gas to the area (R) to be pumped, reached. If a stable over or negative pressure can in (R) to be produced, then this points to a sufficiently close cavity, which with the output components for the production of (ii) to be filled can.

It is preferential noting that

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one the openings (v), which one for filling (R) with the output components and/or as Entlüftungsöffnungen and/or as overflow openings to the withdrawal of surplus output components plans, likewise temporarily seals. If necessary at least one of these openings can serve for it, vaccum pump or compressor on to attach (R).

Preferred the liquid contains for the production of (ii) (A) of isocyanates and (B) opposite isocyanates reactive connections. The layer (ii) thus prefer polyisocyanate polyaddition products represent. In this writing “basic materials " or " output components " in particular (A) of isocyanates and (B) are to be understood opposite isocyanates reactive connections, but if necessary, as far as they are used, also (C) gases, (D) catalysts, (e) aid and/or by the expressions (f) propellant.

Preferred one leads the conversion of (A) with (B) too (ii) in presence of 1 to 50 volume % gas (C) through. Preferred one begins as (B) Polymerpolyole.

Preferred one leads the conversion of (A) with (B) to presence of (f) propellants through.

The output components for the production of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products are mixed usually at a temperature from 0 to 100 C , preferably from 20 to 60 C , and as already descriptive into the area between (i) and (iii) brought in. The mixture can take place mechanically by means of an agitator or an agitating snail, preferentially however via the countercurrent principle usual with printing machines, with which A-and in the mixture head under high in each case pressure meets and mixes B-component-jet, whereby the jet of each component can be also divided. The reaction temperature, i.e. the temperature, during which take place conversion, 20 C amount to, prefer 50 to 150 C as a function of the material thickness usually >.

The polyisocyanate polyaddition products (ii) according to invention of the manufactured of the compound elements point prefers a modulus of elasticity of > 275 MPa in the temperature range von-45 to +50 C (according to DIN 53457), an adhesion too (i) and (iii) of > 4 MPa (according to DIN 53530), a stretch of > 30% in the temperature range von-45 to +50 C (according to DIN 53504), a tensile strength of > 20 MPa (according to DIN 53504) and a pressure strength of > 20 MPa (according to DIN 53421) up.

The production of the compound elements according to invention one knows would drive through in such a manner that one between (i) and (iii) polyisocyanate polyaddition products (ii), usually PU, those if necessary Harnstoff-und/or ISO cyanogen urate structures

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to exhibit, by conversion of (A) isocyanates with (B) opposite Isocyana ten reactive connections can if necessary in presence from propellant (f), 1 to 50 volume %, related to the volume of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products, at least one gas (C), (D) catalysts and/or (e) aid manufactures, whereby prefers (ii) on (i) and (iii) clings. The production of such polyisocyanate polyaddition products (ii) often one described.

The surfaces of (i) and (iii) can be radiated preferentially to the production of the compound elements for the cleaning and increase of the surface roughness with sand or steel balls with corundum or iron pyrite. This radiating can take place in the usual procedures, with which the Strahigut hits for example under high pressure the surfaces. Suitable equipments for such a treatment are commercially available.

By this treatment of the surfaces of (i) and (iii), after the conversion of (A) with (B) to contact with (ii) stand, leads to a clearly improved adhesion of (ii) on (i) and (iii). Radiating preferentially direct to bringing in the components for the production of (ii) into the area between (i) and (iii) accomplished. The surfaces of (i) and (iii), to which (ii) to stick are, are preferentially freely from inorganic and/or organic materials, which decrease an adhesion, for example dust, dirt, oils and fats or as mold lubricants generally admitted to materials.

The basic materials (A), (B), (C), (D), (e) and (f) in the procedure according to invention in the following are exemplarily described: When isocyanates (A) come those actually well-known aliphatic, prefer cyclo-aliphatic, araliphatic and/or aromatic isocyanates, Diisocyanate in question, which can have been biuretisiert and/or iscyanuratisiert if necessary in well-known procedures.

In detail are exemplarily mentioned: Alkylendiisocyanate with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl remainder, like 1, 12-Dodecandiisocyanat, 2-Ethyl-tetramethylendiisocyanat-1, 4, 2-Methylpentamethylendiisocyanat-1, 5, Tetramethylendiisocyanat-1, 4, Lysinesterdiisocyanate (LDI), Hexamethylendiisocyanat-1, 6 (HDI) as well as , Cyclohexan-1 , 3und/oder 1, 4-diisocyanat , 2 , 4und 2, 6-Hexahydrotoluy lendiisocyanat the appropriate isomer mixtures, 4.4 ' -, 2, 2 ' - and 2.4 ' - Dicyclohexylmethandiisocyanat as well as the appropriate isomer mixtures, 1-Isocyanato-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexan (IPDI), 2, 4und/oder 2, 6-Toluylendiisocyanat (TDI), 4.4 ' -, 2, 4 ' - and/or 2,

2 ' - Diphenylmethandiisocyanat (MDI), Polyphenylpolymethylen polyisocyanate and/or mixtures containing at least two of isocyanates mentioned. In addition know ester, urea, allophane RK, Carbodiimid, Uretdion and/or groups of urethanes containing Di

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and/or Polyisocyanate in the procedure according to invention to be used.

2, 4 is preferred ' -, 2, 2 ' - and/or 4, 4 ' - MDI and/or Polyphenylpolymethylenpolyisocyanate assigned, particularly prefer mixtures containing Polyphenylpolymethylen polyisocyanate and at least one of the MDI isomers.

When (B) opposite isocyanates reactive connections know for example connections are used, those as groups of hydroxyl, Thiol and reactive opposite isocyanates/or primary and/or secondary amino groups to exhibit and usually a Moleukargewicht from 60 to 10000 g/mol exhibit, e.g. Polyole selected from the group of the Polymerpolyole, Polyetherpolyalkohole, Polyesterpolyalkohole, Polythioether polyole, hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polyacetale and hydroxylgruppenhaltigen aliphatic polycarbonates or mixtures from at least two the Polyole mentioned. These connections exhibit usually a functionality opposite isocyanates from 2 to 6 and a molecular weight of 400 to 8000 and are well-known the specialist.

As component (C) for the production of (ii) well-known connections can be used, which a boiling point with a pressure of 1 bar of smaller (i.e. at lower temperatures than) - 50 C exhibit, for example air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and/or neon. Preferred air is used. The component (C) is preferentially inert in relation to the component (A), particularly preferentially in relation to the components (A) and (B), i.e. a reactivity of the gas opposite (A) and (B) hardly is to prove preferentially not. The employment of the gas (C) differs fundamentally from the employment of usual propellants for the production of foamed PU.

During usual propellants (f) to be liquid used or in case of the gaseous physical propellants in the polyole component up to a small percentage are soluble) and during the conversion either due to the heat development to evaporate or but in case of the water due to the reaction with groups of isocyanates gaseous carbon dioxide develop, in the available invention the component (C) is used preferred already gaseously as aerosol for example in the polyole component.

When catalysts (D) know well-known connections are used, which accelerate the reaction of isocyanates with the connections reactive opposite isocyanates strongly, whereby preferably a total catalyst content of 0,001 to 15 thread - %, in particular 0.05 to 6 Gew. - one uses %, related to the weight of the altogether used connections reactive opposite isocyanates.

The reaction mixture for the production of the polyisocyanate Polyadidtionsprodukte (ii) can be incorporated if necessary (e) aid. Mentioned are for example

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Fillers, surface-active substances, coloring materials, pigments, flame protection means, hydrolysis protective agents, fungistatische, bakteriostatisch working substances and foam stabilizers.

As propellant (f) can from PU chemistry well-known propellants be used, for example physical and/or chemical propellants.

Such physical propellants exhibit generally a boiling point with a pressure of 1 bar of more largely (i.e. at higher temperatures than) - 50 C. Examples of physical propellants e.g. are. FCKW, HFCKW, HFKW, aliphatic hydrocarbons, cyclo-aliphatic hydrocarbons, in each case for example with 4 to 6 carbon atoms or mixtures of these materials, for example tri chlorine fluorine methane (boiling point 24 C), Chlordifluormethan (Siedepunkt-40. 8 C), Dichlorfluorethan (boiling point 32 C), Chlordifluorethan (Siedepunkt-9. 2C), Dichlortrifluorethan (boiling point 27. 1 C), Terafluorethan (Siedepunkt-26. 5 C), hexadecimal fluorine butane (boiling point 24.

6 C), ISO pentane (boiling point 28 C), n-pentane (boiling point 36 C), Cyclopentan (boiling point 49 C). When chemical propellants, i.e. propellants form due to a reaction, for example with groups of isocyanates, gaseous products, for example water, hydrate water haltige connections, come carbonic acids, tert. - Alcohols, e.g. T-butanol, Carbamate, for example in the writing the EP-A 1000955, in particular on the pages 2, lines 5 to 31 as well as page 3, lines 21 to 42 described Carbamate, carbonates, e.g. Ammonium carbonate and/or ammonium hydrogencarbonate and/or Guanidincarbamat in consideration. Are preferred as propellant (f) water and/or Carbamate begun.

The propellants to receive (f) are preferred begun in a quantity, which is sufficient, in order the preferential density from (ii) from 350 to 1200 kg/m3 to. This can be determined with simple routine experiments, which are generally common the specialist.

Particularly to be preferred the propellants (f) in a quantity of 0,05 to 10 thread - %, in particular from 0,1 to 5 Gew. - %, in each case related to the Gesamtge yielded the polyisocyanate polyaddition products, assigned.

The weight of (ii) corresponds to the weight by definition for the production of (ii) used components (A), (B) and if necessary (C), (D), (e) and/or (f).

To the production of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products according to invention isocyanates and the connections reactive opposite isocyanates are brought in such quantities to the conversion that the equivalence relationship of NCO groups of isocyanates (A) to the sum of the reactive hydrogen atoms of the connections (B) reactive opposite isocyanates and if necessary (f) 0.85 to 1,25: 1, preferably 0.95 to 1,15: 1 and in particular 1 to 1,05: 1, amounts to. If (ii)

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at least partial groups of ISO cyanogen urates bound contained, usually a relationship from NCO groups to the sum of the reactive hydrogen atoms from 1,5 to 60 becomes: 1, preferably 1.5 to 8: 1, applied.

The polyisocyanate polyaddition products will SHOT-proceed usually in accordance with that one or in accordance with the Prepolymerverfahren, for example with the help of high pressure or low-pressure technique manufactured.

When particularly favourably has it proven, to work in the two-component procedure and the reactive the connections (B) opposite isocyanates, if necessary the propellants (f) and the catalysts (D) and/or aid (e) in the component (A) (polyole component) to combine if necessary and prefers mixing intimately with one another and to use as component (B) isocyanates (A).

The component (C) knows the reaction mixture containing (A), (B) and if necessary (f), (D) and/or (e) to be supplied, and/or the individual, already descriptive components (A), (B), (A) and/or (B). The component, which is mixed with (C), is present usually liquid. Preferred the components into the component (B) is mixed.

Mixing the appropriate component with (C) can take place in well-known procedures. For example (C) can be compressed by well-known loading mechanisms, for example air loading mechanisms, preferentially under pressure, for example from a receiver or by a compressor, be supplied e.g. by a nozzle of the appropriate component. Preferred a large mixing takes place appropriate components with (C), so that gas bubbles of (C) in the usually liquid component a size of 0,0001 to 10 prefers, particularly prefers 0.0001 to 1 mm exhibits.

The content of (C) in the reaction mixture for the production of (ii) can be determined in the return pipe of the printing machine with well-known measuring instruments over the density of the reaction mixture. The content of (C) in the reaction mixture can be adjusted over a monitoring unit preferentially automatically on the basis of this density. The component density can be determined and adjusted during the usual circulation of the material in the machine also at very low circulation speed on-line.

A container according to invention is exemplarily in the figure 1 represented. Mean (X) the heating elements, e.g. Heating coils and (XX) a detection system for Deckagen.