Wasserfassung

The invention concerns a water chamber for taking and for leading at least a part of a water flow, which flows along it, in accordance with the generic term of the requirement 1.< br/> Such water chambers are set up in such a manner by means of their Fundamentund of structure of supporting in the watercourse of a water flow that in the flow channel of the water chamber a water flow fliest. At least a part of this water flow flows through then in the order first and the second rake of the water chamber, so that the foreign bodies possibly carried by the water are separated, which possess a maximum dimension, which is larger than that one, which is determined by the mutual distance between the computing elements of the two rakes. The water that is taken, must in sufficient way for the purpose, for which it is intended, cleanly its. A main sewer serves then to collect the taken water and it for the intended use place too leiten.< br/> A typical and preferential range of application of the water chambers is for example that one of the power stations for the production of electricity. In such a case the taken water is led to the power station and its kinetic energy is used to bring over a turbine in turn and over with it electricity too erzeugen.< br/> Dependent on the characteristics of the water flow it can be appropriate to suspend the taken water further treatments which depend on the final aim. As example of it under all possible treatments the sand removing is called, i.e. separating of the sand, which set off through in a sediment basin also highly arranged discharge happened kann.< br/> Those well-known water chambers can be called water chambers with two-stage treatment, with a first primary treatment stage, which are accomplished by means of first of all the rake, and a second secondary treatment stage, which wird.&lt by means of the second rake accomplished; br/> Somewhat more exactly, in the first treatment stage the taken water falls by the first rake through into a Sammelschacht, from then the water during the second treatment stage to t .............: ° ' ù i [...] i'" the second rake fliest. Thus that the water falls by this second rake through, arrives it into a main sewer over it at the intended purpose is then led. This main sewer is on a lower height than the height of the Sammelschachtes into the water coming from the first rake fließt.< br/> In accordance with the past structure thus, concerning the positions of the two upper ends of the rakes, both a transfer is along the vertical direction and a transfer along the longitudinal direction, i.e. present along the direction of flow of the water. So far the upper end of the first rake is arranged approximately on same height as the ground of the flow channel of the water chamber, while the upper end of the second rake is on the height of the ground of the Sammelschachtes, so that between the two upper ends a distance is present along the vertical direction, the head of the water by the first rake is through alike to which. Furthermore concerning the longitudinal direction the upper end of the first rake is arranged in the range of the current upward edge of the Sammelschachtes, while the upper end of the second rake is in the range of the current downward edge of the Sammelschachtes, i.e. that edge with its exceeding the water toward to the main sewer falls, so that between the two upper ends a longitudinal distance is present, the longitudinal dimension of the Sammelschachtes equal ist.< br/> This kind of structure brings two important disadvantages with sich.< br/> The first disadvantage consists of the fact that the arrangement of the two rakes shifted in the height brings and from it resulting twice traps of the water by in such a manner arranged rakes an important Höhenverlust to the taken water flow, with associated important loss at Eigenenergie, with itself and this self-loss of energy has then consequences in the speed of the water flow and finally in the quantity of the produced electrical Energie.< br/> The second disadvantage consists of the fact that along the longeron oem direction of the water shifted the arrangement of the two rakes an important longitudinal length Fundamentund of structure of supporting, with associated high manufacturing costs, bringt.&lt with itself; br/> i!! i _ oo 0o qPo oöo the task of the available invention is it to develop a water chamber of the initially indicated kind in such a manner further that it aufweist.&lt an improvement of the flow characteristics of the taken water made possible and a smaller space requirement along the longitudinal direction; br/> This task is solved, if a water chamber of the initially indicated kind exhibits additionally also the characteristics, which sind.&lt indicated in the characteristic part of the requirement 1; br/> In the characteristic part of the requirement the removal of the two transfers of the positions of the upper ends of the two rakes brings 1 planned characteristic with itself, both the transfer along the vertical direction, because the two rakes are now one under the other one and their appropriate upper ends both are arranged in the same range, and the longitudinal transfer, because the upper ends of the two rakes are now both in the range of the current upward edge of the main sewer and from there the Sammelschacht no longer is necessary. Thus the water can flow directly into the main sewer directly underneath the second rake is, which befindet.&lt itself for his part directly underneath the first rake; br/> All this makes an improvement possible of the flow characteristics of the taken water, because thereby the Gesamtfallhöhe of the water is intended compared with the head with the well-known water chambers is reduced. Also the self-loss of energy according to invention of the water flow inferred by the water chamber is smaller from there, what improves the energy efficiency with the following production of the electricity. The removal of the Sammelschachtes brings furthermore a shortening to the water chamber along the longitudinal direction with itself, whereby from it with continuous head of the water an increase of the inclination results, in accordance with which the first rake is arranged. This inclination increase brings the further advantage with itself that the foreign bodies held from the rakes are removed better along these to slide and/or to roll be able and more easily by the remaining water flow not taken by the water chamber können.< br/> Requirement 2 concerns a possible liaison vehicle, which makes the implementation possible of what was described before, in optimal way. The simultaneous connection of this liaison vehicle with the upper ends of the two rakes makes possible it that these annäo i i i i “i'; %1: :. < br/> oo oo oo • hernd the same height counted of the ground of the main sewer aufweisen.< br/> In accordance with requirement 3 this liaison vehicle is a plate, while the computing elements of the two rakes are staffs. This plate is appropriately in an approximately middle range curved and the staffs of the first rake exhibits curved sections, so that the connection between the plate and the staffs of the first rake is possible with it that they are connected within the range of these curvatures, as wurde.&lt in requirement 4 stressed; br/> The curvature serves to support and prepare around progressive falling of the water optimally a leading of the water downward, whereby thereby the water flow bleibt.&lt homogeneous and closely; br/> The close and oblong drillings, which are intended in accordance with requirement 5 in the curved range and serve in the curved sections of the staffs of the first rake are used, do not only make a escape-right connection for the plate and the staffs possible of the first rake with one another, so that the water flow arrives obstacle-free from the plate to the first rake. These drillings permit also, as the curved sections are sunk more or less deeply in them and thus that the curvature of the plate than the curvature of the curved sections are larger, which intake sheet of the first rake for the falling water flow einzustellen.&lt dependent on the need; br/> The consequence of the larger curvature of the plate compared with the curvature of the curved sections is that the lower end of the plate is on a slightly lower height than the height of the curved sections of the staffs of the first rake. If one from there as is intended in requirement 6, which connects upper end of the second rake rigidly with this lower end of the plate, the upper ends of the two rakes are approximately on same height counted of the ground of the main sewer. In this case the upper end of the first rake, which is formed from the quantity of the different upper ends of the staffs, is in the drillings of the plate, while the upper end of the second rake is in the place, at which the lower end of the plate is, in direct proximity of the upper end of the first Rechens.< br/> o ............ • • olg œQ oæ • • oo 00o oo the lower ends of the two rakes are appropriately, as one in requirement 7 stressed, in the range of the high point of the lower wall of the main sewer stored. This carries to a smaller longitudinal extending of the water chamber according to invention compared with the well-known water chambers bei.< br/> Concerning the second rake it concerns appropriately, as one stresses 8 in requirement, a somewhat special rake, because it is concave on the side, which is arranged to the first rake, and is arranged its staffs very closely, with a mutual distance of even only 0,5 mm. With this rake one would like to use the so-called Coandä effect, which is designated because of his discoverer, Romanian aero-nautical engineer Henri Coandä, in such a manner. Henri Coandä noticed itself that a fluid, thus also like the water, bends a liquid to it, to follow the outline of the surface on it moved. This is caused by the fact that when sliding the liquid along the surface a friction develops and to it bends this friction the liquid to slow down. This resistance against the movement is expenditure-practiced however only on the internal, directly liquid particles standing with the surface in contact, while the remaining liquid particles keep their speed, so that on the internal particles roll this latter, due to molecular cooperations between the particles and due to the speed difference, and therefore adhering the liquid at the surface verursachen.< br/> The Coandä effect makes possible it to increase the flow the second rake of flowing through water and the water chamber according to invention becomes more effective from there. The rakes, which use the Coandä effect, are bought werden.&lt from the state of the art well-known and can as construction unit finished to the installation; br/> i! i further ones of advantages and characteristics of the invention will follow more clearly from the following description of a remark example of the water chamber according to invention, which is purely exemplarily however not described on the basis the settled designs in restrictive way more near. In the designs show: < br/> Figure 1 a perspective representation of a water chamber according to invention, how for the improvement of the opinion from the two rakes and from arrangement existing this connecting liaison vehicle the left shoulder Fundamentund of structure of supporting was not drawn, ............. o! [...] i:: “Figure 2 alone and in perspective representation of the two rakes and of arrangement from figure 1, ù, figure 3 a profile of the water chamber from figure 1, figures 4 and 5 in the profile, consisting this connecting liaison vehicle, and in perspective representation an increased cutout of the upper range of the two rakes, within which these are connected with the liaison vehicle, figures 6 and 7 in the profile and in perspective representation an increased cutout of the lower range of the two rakes, in which this sind.&lt on Fundamentund structure of supporting stored; br/> As previously mentioned, points the figures schematically a water chamber became for taking and to leading at least a part of a water flow, which fließt.&lt along it; br/> With 1 Fundamentund structure of supporting is characteristic, which is manufactured as concrete building generally and flows schematically a main body 11 and at its pages two shoulders 12 covered, so that on the upper surface of the main body 11 and between the shoulders 12 a flow channel 2 is formed, in which the water flow out of that the water is taken. In figure 1 the left shoulder 12 for representation reasons was not drawn for different construction units of the water chamber. Both the main body 11 and the shoulders 12 are suitably in well-known way in the watercourse a water flow angeordnet.< br/> On the main body 11, generally metallic arrangement is arranged, which consists of a first rake 3 and a second rake 4, by which in order through the water flows, that out of the water flow flowing in the flow channel 2 taken wird.< br/> The first rake 3 is formed for arranged first computing elements 31 from a majority of parallel to the longitudinal direction determined by the water flow direction. The first rake 3, which is diagonally in the flow channel 2 arranged thereby it a certain inclination along the longitudinal direction exhibits, is flowed through by at least a part of the water flow and its first computing elements 31 to prevent the passage of the foreign bodies carried by the water, the one maximum dimension possesses those more largely than the mutual ù. + oo. .o… ++; • i+! i':< br/> oo oo oo o o distance between these first computing elements 31 is, like e.g. from branches, stones and firm bodies generally. This first rake 3 serves in particular to separate the larger bodies and it possesses a protective function opposite the second rake 4 and is developed from there more substantially than the second rake 4. The foreign bodies, which are held back by it, slide and roll along its bent surface and from not inferred landing on water Rome are removed. The larger the inclination of this first rake 3 is, the more simply these foreign bodies is weggebracht.< br/> The second rake 4 is more closely to each other formed for 3 second computing elements 41 arranged compared with the first computing elements 31 of the first rake from a majority by transverse to the water flow direction and. The second rake 4 flowed through the first rake 3 from the water flow, those flowed through and its second computing elements 41 to prevent the passage of the foreign bodies carried by the water, which possess a maximum dimension those than the mutual distance between these second computing elements are larger. This mutual distance lies dependent on the needs in the Wertbereich between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.< br/> A preferential value for this distance amounts to preferably 0.6 mm.< br/> Fundamentund structure of supporting 1 exhibits also a main sewer 5 arranged underneath the second rake 4, which is trained in the main body 11 and flows in that the water, which hat.&lt the second rake 4 flowed through; br/> This main sewer 5 exhibits two walls 51.52 of different height and a ground 53, on which the taken water flows away, around it to the intended use place, typically a power station for the production of electricity, too leiten.< br/> The second rake 4 arranged underneath the first rake 3 is according to invention and both the upper end of 32 of the first rake 3, and the upper end of 42 of the second rake 4 are in the range of the high point of the higher wall 51 stored. This is particularly well ersichtlich.&lt in figure 3; br/> In order to store in the described way the two upper end 32, 42 of the two rakes 3.4, additionally a liaison vehicle 6 is intended, which is evident e.g. in figure 2. The liaison vehicle 6 is stored on Fundamentund structure of supporting 1, in particular on the high point of the higher wall 51 of the main sewer 5, and so _…. oo ooo ooo o • o • o • • oo EO oo o o probably with the upper end of 32 of the first rake 3, and connected with the upper end of 42 of the second rake 4, in such a manner that the two upper ends of 32, 42 of the two rakes 3.4 approximately the same height counted of the ground 53 of the main sewer 5 aufweisen.< br/> The liaison vehicle 6 is a plate and first and the second computing elements 31.41 is out first and from second staffs gebildet.&lt in particular appropriately; br/> i¸! i' the upper end of 32 of the first rake 3 is gebildet.&lt from there from the quantity of the different upper ends of the first staffs 31; br/> In order to store the plate 6 on the wall 51, a formed anchorage element 7 can appropriately be intended, also made of metal is manufactured and e.g., in figure 2 is evident. It is embedded with the production of the main body 11, which is usually from concrete, in these and connected then rigidly by screws or welding with the plate 6. The holes of this formed anchorage part of 7, which are evident in the figures, serve only for it air from the main body 11 withdraw to let, so that with solidifying the concrete no cavities below the formed anchorage element 7 bilden.&lt itself; br/> Since the first rake serves 3 in particular for it, the larger foreign bodies, can be strengthened its first computing elements 31 possibly by the fact that under everyone of them a Verstärkungsprofil is welded, as in the figures 2 and 3 evidently ist.< br/> The plate 6 exhibits an essentially middle curved range 61, whose concavity is downward arranged. Also the first staffs 31 of the first rake 3 are not perfect straight and point for their part at its upper ends 32 curved sections 34 auf.< br/> The first staffs 31 are verbunden.&lt with these curved sections 34 at the curved range 61 of the plate 6; br/> The plate 6 points in particular a majority from close and oblong drillings 62, which sind.&lt well in the figures 2 and 5 evidently; br/> These drillings 62 are each other parallel and are in the curved range 61 of the plate 6. in everyone of the drillings 62 are assigned and fastened the curved section 34 of an appropriate first staff 31. As is evident in the figures, the curvature of the plate 6 is larger than the curvature of the curved sections o oo oqP o@ o@ oöo 34, so that the lower end of 63 of the plate 6 underneath the first staffs 31 is. Using the curved sections 34 into the drillings 62 makes it possible to connect both the plate 6 escape quite with the first staffs 31, whereby thereby the transition of the water flow of the plate becomes progressive 6 the first rake 3, and, as the curved sections 34 are sunk more or less deeply in the drillings 62, the intake sheet for the water flow falling by the first rake 3 after need einzustellen.< br/> With this lower end of 63 of the plate 6 the upper end of 42 of the second rake 4 is rigidly connected. The second rake 4 is a zweckmäBigerweise rake, which uses the Coandä effect designated in the introduction. It is thus concave on the side, which is arranged to the first rake 3, and the arrangement of the second staffs 41 can be in such a manner close the fact that the mutual distance between these second staffs can amount to 41 also only 0,5 mm but generally dependent on the degree of separation of this second rake 4 between 0,5 mm and 2 mm is appropriate and for preferably 0,6 mm beträgt.< br/> Concerning finally the lower ends of 33.43 of the two rakes 3.4 these 33.43 is stored in the range of the high point of the lower wall 52 of the main sewer 5. The storage of these two ends of 33.43 can e.g. take place, as in particular in the figures is shown 2, 6 and 7, via usual Abstützund of carrying elements, like the cross beam 8, which support 9 and the appropriately formed carrying element 10, which ist.&lt fastened to the wall 52 of the main sewer 5; br/> The enterprise of the water chamber according to invention is very simple and taken place as described below wird.< br/> A part of the water flow in the flow channel the 2 flows, falls by the first rake 3 and the second rake 4 through into the main sewer which is under it 5 and flows then from there to the use place planned for it. The foreign bodies carried by the water are held back by the two rakes 3.4, that one with larger dimension of the first rake 3 and that one with smaller dimension of the second rake 4. the remaining water flow those is not taken, is, owing to the inclination of the two rakes from 3.4 to remove in the situation these foreign bodies whereby the foreign bodies, which are held back by the second rake 4, are removed in particular by through the discharge opening present between the two rakes 3.4 within the range of their lower ends of 33.43 t, o, o, oo, g IIQe. This discharge opening is arranged between the two supports 9, which contribute with their height to it, together with the height of the formed carrying element 10, also the height of this discharge opening too bestimmen.< br/> Those upward, i.e. toward to the first rake 3, arranged concavity, which is exhibited by the second rake 4, makes it possible the fact that the water due to the Coandä effect, when flowing through secondly the rake 4, along the surface of the second staffs 41 of the second rake 4 flows and increases the flow of the water that is taken. An increase of the flow of the water that is inferred, also by the presence of the curved sections 34 is reached, in addition contributes the water flow closely too halten.< br/> The fact that the second staffs 41 lie crosswise in relation to the water flow and that this concavity is present, furthermore reduces the possibility that the foreign bodies are gotten jammed between the second staffs 41 and the second rake 4 to shift, since they do not find a sufficient stop and to it bends under the effect the water wegzurollen.< br/> Chili…. • o° .o° ° °°°o o ° ° • ; °1° •. .o • o° [...] °o