Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Inselnetzerkennung

The invention refers to a procedure for the island net recognition in self-producer plants, with which a lnse] criterion which is connected with an island net enterprise is examined, as at least an electrical variable of state of public electricity mains is seized and determined, whether this leaves a given range of tolerance, as well as on a device for the execution of the procedure.

A such procedure and/or a such device for the island net recognition is addressed in the DE 10 2009 047 980/i. Here becomes in the context of a de-energizing controller heads for a disconnecting switch device also, as actually usual, by means of a control device it examines whether on the public Stromnel zStörungen is present, which makes a separation of a self-producer plant (decentralized energy feeding plant) of the public net necessary. As criterion by means of monitoring electronics of the Über'wachungseinrichtung as electrical variable of state the frequency and tension in an exchange area gt ol oo oo - m • to public electricity mains. supervised and determined whether changes of the electrical variable of state (n) given limit values of a range of tolerance left. If this is the case, a disconnecting switch device is addressed with contactors and the self-producer plant is separated from public electricity mains. Past control devices contain for seizing the electrical ZustandsgröBe (n) monitoring electronics with actively zuschattbaren electrical components, which mean not insignificant Schaltungsund control expenditure and in addition use even electricity.

In the standard VDE 0126-1 1 it is prescribed that (decentralized) a current self-producer by a de-energizing place, as a bi-directional safety interface (BiSi) must be e.g. separated from public electricity mains, as soon as an island criterion for an island network group is present. That is e.g. the case, if public electricity mains are switched off by dern power supply firms for repair purposes. The Abschaftung must be recognized by the self-producer and be caused its separation from public electricity mains. Thus the public mains become unstressed and for construction measures accessible. With usual well-known procedures cyclically brief load tests on all three net phases are accomplished by locking on inductive or capacitive loads. The height of existing net impedance determines thereby the resulting voltage drop, which is consulted as lnselkriterium. An island network group is present with switched off or interrupted net. Due to increased net impedance with switched off net variations in load affect themselves by test impulses substantially more strongly to the mains voltage than with public net attached to the self-producer plant. Thus by active procedures for the island net recognition mains voltage break-downs are forced, which are seized, whereby on an island net can be closed.

6° 0 ee°e e°e eö eeee e° o • • • • eeo • e ee ge de ee _ A e9 e6 of the invention is the basis the task to place a procedure and a device ready for the Inse] net recognition in self-producer plants which and/or the InseJnetzerkennung safe at as little an expenditure as possible results in.

This task is gedöst with the characteristics of the requirement I and/or 9. Here it is intended that if leaving the range of tolerance is determined, time measurement is released and a recognition signal for the island network group within a given time interval by at the most five seconds after dern start of time measurement is delivered, if the variable of state lies during the time interval sequentially outside of the range of tolerance.

During the device it is intended that the time measuring instrument is headed for immediate releasing of a time measuring signal, if at least a measured value leaves the range of tolerance and that the evaluation mechanism is trained as the fact that it emits a recognition signal for fnselnetzbetrieb innerhaFb one time interval of at the most five seconds starting from releasing the Zeitmesssignafs, if the variable of state lies during the time interval sequentially outside of the range of tolerance. The recognition signal can cause a separation of the self-producer plant from public electricity mains e.g. by means of an appropriate control signal.

By releasing time measurement and the fixed time interval, while that must lie the Zustandsgrört, e outside of the range of tolerance, it is avoided that e.g. coincidental brief excesses of the range of tolerance lead falsely to lnselnetzerkennung. The time interval is sufficiently briefly selected, z.

B, at the most three, four or five seconds, so that a fast is ensured fnselnetzerkennung. The procedure can be accomplished by means of software programs, the flexible, optimized Anpassungsmög] favourably ichkeiten unteri 6 g i i I I1 II I i iii i i I II I I I i I I I I II I I schiedliche conditions to result in on. With the procedure and/or the device aufwändige active measures are unnecessary like a connecting of inductive or capacitive loads, so that the island net recognition can be passively accomplished, with which also the self-energy consumption of the device is substantially lowered.

A favourable arrangement, with which time measurement can be released for determination one lnselkriteriums again fast, consists of the fact that time measurement is put back and is not recognized to an island network group, if the Zustandsgrööe drops back within the time interval into the range of tolerance to a small expenditure contributes the measures that those takes place at least an electrical variable of state by means of an existing control device of a de-energizing device without active Zuschaltung of an additional load.

Different arrangement variants consist of it that those is at least an electrical variable of state at least one tension, at least one frequency or at least one phase angle or that a combination of at least two of these variables of state is seized and consulted for the evaluation, in order to examine the island criterion. A combination of at least two ZustandsgröBen results in a increased reliability in the case of the statement lnselkriteriums, whereby in relation to the evaluation only a Zustandsgräße also a closer range of tolerance can be selected.

For the execution of the procedure the measures are from Vorteit that the ton] eranzbereich by concerned an upper threshold value lying above a pre-set value of the variable of state and concerned a lower Schwetlenwert lying below the pre-set value of the variable of state limited are.

I/O o. _. q. oe oo here consists favourable training of the procedure of the fact that the upper threshold value and the lower Schwetzinger are far away from the pre-set value selected or become at the most 10%. Investigations of the inventors have shown that smolder] enwerte and/or meaningful results for the isolated plant resulted in limit values of the range of tolerance of + 6% of the pre-set value. Conceivable are also Schweflenwerte of at the most + 4% or + 5%, in particular if into the evaluation a combination of variables of state or a more differentiated processing, e.g. more exact Messwertanatyse flows if necessary with statistic evaluation.

A favourable arrangement of the procedure and according to also the device for reliable recognizing of an island network group consists of the fact that as pre-set value a firmly given normal value of the variable of state is at the basis put or over a certain Zeitinterval! temporally averaged measured value of the variable of state is at the basis put, whereby the Zeitintervail is longer around a multiple than the time interval for the release of the island net recognition, the arrangement of the procedure in the way that the examination of the island criterion and release of the recognition signal and/or the control signal are software controlled accomplished, results in flexible Anpassungsund optimization possibilities regarding different conditions of undfoder future requirements. Appropriate is valid also for the arrangement concerned of the device.

The invention is more near described in the following on the basis of Ausführungsbeispiefen with reference to the designs. Show:

Fig. 1 a Blockschattbild of a device to lnselnetzerkennung, Fig. 2A a diagram with a measured value process to a ZustandsgröBe and a Toteranzbereich, Fig. 2B a further remark example of a measured value process of a variable of state with a fixed range of tolerance and Fig, 2C a diagram with the measured value process to a variable of state according to Fig. 2B with temporally adjusted range of tolerance.

Fig. 1 e.g. points substantial components of a device to lnselnetzerkennung the self-producer plant, like a Photovoltaikanlage, a Blockheizkraftwerk or a windwheel plant. By means of measuring instrument 10, e.g. three-phase measuring amplifiers, will to connection points three phases L1, L2, L3 (not shown) public electricity mains at least electrical ZustandsgröBe, how e.g. a mains voltage U of one or several phases, which frequency f of one or several phases and/or the phase angle £0 of one or several phases seized, with which appropriate first, second and/or third measured values 11, 12, 13 of the three phases L1, L2, L3 are available, D} e an electrical variable of state concerned of public electricity mains to describe and for the further processing of an evaluation mechanism 20 are supplied. In the evaluation mechanism 20 a recognition signal and/or an output control signal 27 is formed, to a separating equipment, like e.g. a switching mechanism with contactors, is supplied, in order to separate the self-producer plant from public electricity mains to, if an island criterion for one] nselbetrieb is seized.

The evaluation mechanism 20 covers first to form second and third computation module 201.202.203, which the first, second and/or third measured values 11.12, 13 are supplied, in order from it first, second and third temporally averaged measured values 24, and 26. The first measured values 11 and the first averaged measured values 24 will be supplied to a first comparator of 211 supplied, which is attached with its exit to a first Zeitrnesser 221, its output signals an evaluation module 230. Accordingly the second measured values 12 and second gernittelten measured values 25 a second comparator of 212 supplied, which is attached with its exit to a second Zeitmesser 222, its output signals the Bewertungsmodu [230 to be supplied. The third measured values 13 and third averaged Messweße 26 will be likewise supplied to a third comparator of 213 supplied, which is attached with its exit to a third Zeitmesser 223, its output signals the evaluation module 230.

By the evaluation module 230 the recognition signal for the Insetbetrieb becomes and/or.

the Steuersigna [27 formed, which is transferred to the exit of the evaluation mechanism 20.

The processing and evaluation of the measured values 11, 12, 13 and the averaged measured values 24, 25, 26 as well as further data in the evaluation mechanism 20 take place if necessary at least to a large extent preferably software controlled and/or by means of program modules, to which in the evaluation mechanism 20 appropriate processing mechanisms and storage facilities, in particular at least an integrated computer unit, are present as for instance a MikrocontrotJer. The represented processing blocks are to be understood accordingly symbolically for program modules concerned. Alternatively the represented units can be formed at least partly also from hardware components.

The measuring instrument 10 consists preferably of hardware components, can do however likewise for preparing the measured values 1 1, t2, 13 software components and/or.

Programmrnodu e contained and e.g. steered by means of a micro CONTROLLER its.

For forming the averaged measured values 24, 25, 26 the measured values 11, 12, 13 in the computation modules concerned 201.202, 203 are taken up and averaged over a given or a given in advance, e.g. over a program alterable, Zeitintervalt, e.g. 30 seconds or one or more minutes amounts to, so that the averaged measured values show a slow Spannungsänderung, as e.g. with increased current consumption in the midday, taking place in public electricity mains, without abrupt changes affect themselves disturbing.

In the comparators 211.212, 213 is ranges of tolerance 30 between an upper and lower threshold value OS, US (see Fig. 2A to 2C) in an educated manner and it is examined whether the respective electrical condition greetings of describing measured values 11, 12, 13 within the range of tolerance 30 leave to lie or this. With in Fig.

1 remark example shown is consulted thereby as pre-set value the averaged measured value concerned 24, 25 and/or 26 and specified as upper threshold value OS a limit value lying around 6% above the pre-set value and as lower threshold value US around the same proportional deviation below the pre-set value of lying Grenz'wert. In this way the respective averaged measured value 24, 25 and/or 26 determines the situation of the range of tolerance 30, which is carried temporally accordingly dern averaged measured value 24, 25 and/or 26, like Fig. 20 shows.

Thereby it is ensured that the measured values 11, 12, 13 in the standard ATF universe in the middle range of the range of tolerance 30 to essentially remain and when change dependent on load the tension in public electricity mains not to a threshold value OS or US approximate, like Fig. 2B for the case shows that • t m….1 .1: : : :

• m • • • COM oe EO .m œe load tests by locking on inductive or capacitive loads durchgefüh to become to have, which can represent on the one hand relatively high losses of energy and also cause on the other hand malfunctions and associated errors. For the monitoring of the electrical variable of state of the public Stromnetz.es anyway existing Hardwarekornponenten of the control device of the self-producer plant can be used, while the actual evaluation for the determination of the Inse [criterion by means of software one accomplishes favourably. In addition the arrangement by means of software offers flexible Anpassungsm0gfichkeiten to different generators (e.g. Photovo] taikanlage, Blockheizkraftwerk, windwheel plant), which can affect also the collection of the electrical variable of state. In this way can e.g. adjusting default who [it, for instance the duration the CPU [tintervalls for temporal averaging of the measured values, which kind of temporal averaging (scanning intervals, number of scanning points, kind of the temporal and/or, statistic average value and such) as well as the definition of the size of the range of tolerance are suitably taken, by means of programming without change of hardware components. Also an adjustment to changed standards or different nets is in this way favourably possible, whereby also an automatic adaptation under recognition of different systems can be implemented.

vienna, den2D, JU|Ji lg Dr. Müllner Dipl. - engineer: Ket blhk O G: Patent law office WeJhburggasse 9v estf h, 59. ; A:! 0 4 Vr.lEN. Austria ut 4€ eloe et etc. telephone: (+43 (I) 512 24 81/fax: - +43 (1) 513 76 81/email: t repatent@aon.at Konlo (PSK): 1480 708 BLZ 60000 BIC: OPSKATWW IBAN: AT19 6000 0000 0148 07081 480,708 13aiö 45586 changetec AG 71691 FreibergIDE) IJ P A Te n t A n FR r ü C h e:

Procedure for the island net recognition in Eigenerzeugerantagen, with which with inse [network group coherent Inse [criterion it is examined as at least an electrical variable of state of public electricity mains is seized and stated, whether this leaves a given range of tolerance, by the fact marked that then, if leaving the range of tolerance (30) is determined, time measurement is released and a Erkennungssigna] for the lnse] network group within a given time interval (RK) of at the most five seconds after the start of the CPU [tmessung is delivered, if the variable of state lies during the time interval (RK) sequentially outside of the Toleranzbeteichs (30).

2.

Procedure according to requirement 1, by the fact characterized that time measurement is put back and is not recognized to an island network group, if the variable of state drops back within the time interval (RK) into the range of tolerance (30).

Procedure according to requirement 1 or 2, by the fact characterized that those at least an electrical variable of state by means of an existing control device of a Freischa [tvorrichtung taken place without active Zuschaltung of an additional load.