DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS RADIATION TREATMENT OF WIRBELFAHIGEN AND MIXABLE MATERIALS WITH A SOURCE OF ELECTRON-BEAM

PATENTAMT® 1 “^_C ^^^_C ^_coo3/00 B 01 J 001/10 _@ OE PATENTSCHRIFT© No. of 341448 © patentees: “EBNER & PFLEIDEHER IN STÜTTGÄRT FEOERBaCH^w (BBD)/^ r.™.n*.n^.VOBRICHT0NG ZOB CONTINUOUS ONE © article radiation treatment OF HIBBELFÄHIGEN AND HISCHBABEN MATERIALS WITH ELEKTRONENSTBAHLENQUELLE © an additive to patent No. % elimination out: g) Announced to: 1975 11 21, 8876/75 2|) Exhibition priority @@® Unionspriorität FEDERAL REPUBLIC DEÖTSCHLAHD (DT), 1975 01 25, 2503010, STRESSES @ beginning of the patent duration: 1977 05 15 longest ones possible duration: § spent to: 1978 02 10 inventors: (§) dependence: @ block letters, which were considered for the demarcation of the state of the art: X RH tH CO whereL - Nr.341448 the invention concerns a device for the continuous radiation treatment of eddyable and mixable materials, in special from sewage sludge, waste water and manufactured products in the form of Disper - sionen, solutions and mixing into a paste with, with one below a source of electron-beam from 300 to 800 keV arranged, by the materials within the radiation range of the source of electron-beam in thin layer approximately 5 perpendicularly to the radiation direction would flow through trough-like admission and conveyances to the Umpumpen of the materials. A such device is well-known from the DE-OS 2337406. It serves for the sterilization of sewage sludge and waste water on the one hand, which is necessary, in order to make possible a agricultural use or dump of sewage sludge from local purification plants or a transfer of waste water from sewage purification plants in Vor-10 more fluter - usually rivers - or their employment for irrigation purposes. In addition this plant is also for the irradiation of low or very viscous liquids or to emulsion-be suitable, to an intensive radiation effect, for example for the purpose of the polymerization, be exposed is. In many areas there are reaction procedures, which are to be run off only under substantial employment of warmth, ChemikaUen and time and from there by more economical procedures be replaced. In many cases 15 with such reaction procedures jets can be used. The well-known device-points a trough-like container up, which is flowed through by the materials in longitudinal direction. In B more ehälter agitators are arranged, which a Durehmischung of the materials in the relationship - moderately deep container cause, in order to bring as alleStoffpartikelindenEindringbereichder an electron-beams as possible. The penetration depth of electron-beams into materials with a density of 1 g/cm3beträgt with 20 an energy of 400 keV 0, 6 mm, with an energy of 1.5 MEV about 5 mm and with an energy of 3 MEV about 10 mm. In addition such an agitator, whose axle extends in longitudinal direction of the container, a tangential, schlitzförmige opening can be downstream, by which the materials leak out as by a nozzle with increased pressure and increased speed perpendicularly to the electron-beam. Within this range additionally means know for the production of a turbulence, e.g. a Turbuelzgitter, intended its 25Bei of this well-known device are very small the relationship of penetration depth of the electron-beams into the materials for the Füllhöhe of the container, so that despite the measures described before either no sufficient irradiation of all particles is reached, or however an excessively long retention time in the container is necessary, with the consequence that a large part of the materials is unnecessarily for a long time illuminated, which affects the throughput capacity of the device and the energy employment for the electron radiation unfavorably. 30 further is particularly small during a such device with a Füllhöhe large in relation to the penetration depth of the electron radiation a maximum radiation intensity suspended volumes, because the radiation intensity to the boundary regions of the container for instance according to a Gauß' see bath tub curve decreases. From the DE-AS 2208160 a plant is for the hygienization of waste water sewage sludge, i.e. kill to the Ab-35 from pathogens, like e.g. Viruses, bacteria and parasites, admits, in which the sewage sludge mity jets from a radioactive Kobalt-60-Quelle is illuminated. The sewage sludge is led past here in a relatively thin layer the Strahlungselementen. The disadvantages of this kind of illuminating sewage sludge are in that extensive safety and shielding measures are necessary. In addition a high price of the radioactive-radiating material comes, whereby because of the relatively short Halb-40 worth time vonKobalt-60 is necessary a jährUche reloading of zirkal2%. In addition it comes that this radio - is active radiation source not disconnectible, and that the irradiation costs are very high due to the high costs of the radioactive material. In addition still strong psychological doubts come against the installation of strongly radioactive radiation sources into closely settled areas. In addition necessary safety precautions prepare with in distances of to two years necessary reloading 45 and the deposit of burned out Strahlungselemente erhebUche problems. The invention is the basis now the task to out-arrange a device of the initially described kind in such a way that with simple means complete even and thus energy-saving irradiation of the individual material particles is reached, whereby this device should be at the same time for different materials with different material properties applicable. 50Diese A ufgabe is solved according to invention thereby that the trough-like admission is weakly bent by several counter over the horizontals, formed in flow direction of the materials parallel lying and completely next to each other arranged promotion gutters with essentially even ground, by means of feeder lines and in each case in this arranged, when the conveyances are switched into row to the Umpumpen of the materials intended pumps, and that the source of electron-beam extends transverse to the flow direction over 55 the whole of the promotion gutters. According to invention it is reached by the measures that the material which can be treated mixes always alternating in an evenly thin layer from approximately 5 to 30 mm strength of an electron radiation suspended and then outside of the radiation field range by the Umpumpen to the next promotion gutter strongly and there again to a layer spread by the Strah 3 - No. 341448 lungsfeldbereich runs. Hiedurch is reached an extraordinary high statistic probability that all particles are illuminated evenly. Because the individual parallel to each other arranged promotion gutters completely together follow is obtained and the electron gun extends over the full long one of the whole of the promotion gutters, that in all promotion gutters over their full width same radiation intensity prevails, and that on the other hand no losses of energy arise. Z ahl the runs D h the number of the promotion gutters, depends among other things on the demanded energy irradiation (dose), the layer thickness of undderlntensitätder mixing. Umdiese to still improve, is particularly favourable it if in the promotion gutters in the range of the largest radiation intensity Durchwirbelungseinnchtungen to the mechanical Durchwirbelung of S toffe and/or to through whirling of the materials are intended by means of current 10 media. Such Durehwirbelungseinrichtung can favourable-proves as a stage falling in flow direction to be trained in at least one promotion gutter. By running off materials over this stage a breakdown procedure enters, which leads to a Durchwirbelung of the layer and thus to a regrouping of the individual Stoffteilchen at the surface. Another kind of the regrouping of the material fUeßenden in thin layer, which extends substantially more deeply and equals practically a complete circulation 15 of the layer, is injected reached, if as Durehwirbelungseinrichtung a narrow, to a gas line attached nozzle ground than part of the ground of the promotion gutters is intended, by compressed air or oxygen under pressure by the Einnenboden into the layer. If the Dusen ground at the lower part of the stage is arranged, if the regrouping is thus made by a stage, then during simultaneous compressed air introduction over einenderartigenDUsenbodenin the layer this is treated not only zusatzlich by oxygen supply, but it enters also a constant cleaning of the stage paragraph of jerk conditions. Supplementing it is pointed out that - as actual bivalent oxygen actually admits under electronic irradiation in trivalent oxygen (ozone) is converted, which works in strong measure germ-killing. EineDurchwirbelungseinrichtang can be trained further in accordance with one favourable arrangement of the invention as in preferably more springily with springs -, over the ground of a promotion gutter more arranged, into the thin flowing layer of projecting rakes. UmeinenmöglichstgleichmäßigenEinlauf of the materials into each promotion gutter with layer thickness even over the full-broad to reach, is of advantage it, if at the upper end each promotion gutter one is intended over their full-broad extending, flat intake nozzle with rectangular cross section. Favourable way is adjustable hiebei the nozzle height, so that the layer thickness is influenceable in simple way. In order to achieve an even discharge from the nozzles, the nozzles in each case a pressure chamber is upstream, which appropriately tapers itself to the respective nozzle. Further it is particularly favourable, if the whole of the promotion gutters is designed as a structural unit and is divided by partitions into the individual promotion gutters. The angle of inclination of the promotion gutters amounts to opposite the horizontals depending upon the material properties 5 to 30°, whereby a range from 8 to 12° for most applications proved as appropriate “the arrangement according to invention has further the advantage that in accordance with a favourable arrangement in at least a Verbindungsleitang a degassing facility can be switched. Further advantages and characteristics of the invention result from the description of a Ausführungsbei-40 of play on the basis the designs. In the designs Fig show. 1 a vertical cut by a device according to invention in flow direction of a demand gutter in schematic representation, Fig. 2 a front view of the device after Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a horizontal cut by the device in accordance with the SchnittUnie in-IH in Fig. 1, 45Fig. 4 a Fig. 1 appropriate representation of an easily modified device, Fig. 5 a modified device in a representation in accordance with Fig. 1 and Fig 6 a horizontal cut by the device in accordance with the cut line VI-VI in Fig. 5. A device according to invention consists trough förmigenFörderrinnen l, which are upward open of a larger number - in the available case ten -. The promotion gutters are stationarily set up to gege-50 and benenfalls in their inclination opposite the horizontals adjustable. They exhibit in each case opposite one the horizontals around an angle from 5 to 30°, preferably 8 to 12 “and particularly prefer 10 bent ground ~2~. The promotion gutters -1 - are to each other and completely next to each other arranged related to its flow directions ~3-parallel, so that the grounds ~2~ can be designed as continuous plates. Therefore ~4 consists the übrigenSeiten-55 would wind the individual promotion gutters ~1~ of partitions ~5~ with exception of the two outside side panels. At the upper end of each promotion gutter --1--, i.e. on their intake side, a pressure chamber -6 is intended -, that by the ground--2--, those are and/or partitions -4 and/or 5, a front side conclusion wall--7--and an upper, between Seitenbzw. Trennwände-4 and/or 5-und the front side conclusion wall -7~ welded, m Druckflußrichtog -3 - to the ground ~2~ bent Begrenzungsbiech -8 - is limited. Between the upper Begren - 4 No. 341448 zungsblech - 8-und the ground - 2 - is an opening working as nozzle ~9~, which exhibits a flat Eechtecfc cross section. These nozzles ~9~ can be adjustable in their height, for example by a determinable discharge opening slidegate valve. At the lower, discharge-lateral end of each promotion gutter ~l istein as Pumpensumpf of serving Sammel-5 vacate - 10 - intended. In denDruckraum-6-- an intake line flows in run direction - 11 - to the first promotion gutter - 1 -, by which by means of a feeding pump - 12 - the materials, for example sewage sludge, which can be illuminated, are supplied. The collecting space 10 each promotion gutter - 1 - is with the pressure chamber ~6~ of the promotion gutter - 1 -, following in run direction, by a feeder line - 13” - is connected, 10 by means of a switched on feed pump - 13 - the material which can be illuminated the indie next promotion gutter pumped. From the collecting area - 10 - of the promotion gutter - l run the materials which can be illuminated into a collector -, last in run direction - 11 -, 14 - become and from there by means of a discharge pump - 15 - taken off. 15Oberhalb in each case of the range of the För that gutters - 1 -, open between nozzle - 9 - and collecting area - 10 - preserving, is one itself over the whole of the promotion gutters - 1 - extending source of electron-beam - 16, thus an electron accelerator, arranged, which at its lower end a Flansch--17 with a clamped outlet window - 18 - exhibits, through-existence-electron-beam-bundle - 19 - to withdraw can. Within the range of the largest radiation intensity, thus for instance in the centre plane - 20 - the Elek-20 tronenstrahlquelle - 16, are mechanisms to the mechanical and/or fluid Durchwirbelung the thin material layer (for example sewage sludge layer) intended, with enterprise of the device from the respective nozzle 9 - over the ground - 2 - each promotion gutter füeßt. With the remark example after the Fig. 1 to 3 is hiezu here in each case a stage - 21 - intended, i.e. the Boden-2-besteht from two vertically base plates shifted - 2 against each other ' bwz. 2” -, whereby in flow direction - 3 - 25 lying base plate - 2V is downward transferred. If the thin layer füeßt out for example sewage sludge over this stage - 21 -, a rolling over effect enters, which brings other Stoffpartikelchen to the surface. Additionally a narrow nozzle ground - 22 - is attached, itself over the full length of the whole of the promotion gutters - 1 - extended, as from Fig at the lower surface of the stage - 1 -. is evident to 3. Underneath this narrow nozzle ground - 22 - a likewise going through gas pressure area - 23 - is 30 intended, that over a gas line - 24 - compressed gas, for example air or pure oxygen, when fluid gas is supplied. With the remark example after Fig. 4 a springy rake - 25 - is arranged, into the thin flowing layer is enough and through-whirled this mechanical in the designated place of largest radiation intensity. In addition alternatively or additionally here one can be above each promotion gutter - 1 - 35 attached compressed gas nozzle, which blows compressed gas from above on the thin, flowing layer and these hie through through-whirled. With the remark example after the Fig. 5 and 6 is each promotion gutter into two moving in opposite directions arranged and in flow direction - 3 ' - bent promotion gutter sections - 1 ' and/or 1” - divided, whereby the first promotion gutter section - 1 ' - is equally trained, like the promotion gutters - 1 -, treated before, 40 during itself that second in each case promote gutter-cut off - 1” - laterally transferred (S. Fig. 6) anden collecting area - 10 ' - of the first promotion gutter section - 1 ' - attaches, whereby the liquid this Sammelraum-10'- which can be treated over a nozzle-like discharge opening - 9 ' - with rectangular cross section (similar the nozzle bore - 9) leaves. From the collecting area - RST” - of each second promotion gutter section - 1 " ~ becomes then the liquid by means of pumps - 13” - into the pressure chamber - 6 - the nearest promotion gutter 45 pumped. The advantage of this execution form is in that only the half number of feed pumps - IS” - is needed. The differences in the radiation intensity in the two Förderrinnenabschnitten-1' and l” - are negligibly, there the differences in height of the grounds - 2 - in the centre plane - 20 - that-electron-beam-pours - 16 - due to the small inclination of the promotion gutter and the small length of the promotion gutter sections - 1 ' and/or 1” - only few centimeters amount to. PATENT CLAIMS: 501. Device to the continuous radiation treatment arranged, from denStoffen trough-like admission and conveyances durehflossenen within the radiation range of the source of electron-beam in a thin layer about perpendicularly to the radiation direction to the Umpumpen of the materials, by eddyable and mixable materials, in special of sewage sludge, waste water and manufactured products in the form of dispersions, solutions and on dredging, by one below a source of electron-beam of 300 to 800 keV, D adur CH 55 marked that the trough-like admission by several opposite the horizontals weakly bent, in flow direction (3) of the materials parallel-lying and completely next to each other arranged promotion _ 5 - Nr.341448 gutters (1) with essentially even ground (2), those is formed by means of feeder lines (13 ') and in each case in this arranged, as which conveyances are switched into row to the Umpumpen of the materials intended pumps (13), and that the source of electron-beam (16) extends transverse to the flow direction over the whole of the promotion gutter. 52. Device according to requirement 1, by the fact characterized that in the promotion gutters (1) in is richly the largest radiation intensity Durchwirbelungseinrichtungen to the mechanical Durchwirbelung of the materials and/or to the Durchwirbelung of the materials by means of flowable media intended. 3. Device according to the requirements 1 and 2, by the fact characterized that a Durchwirbelungs mechanism as one in flow direction (3) falling stage (21) in at least one promotion gutter (1) ausge forms is. 4. VorrichtungnachdenAnsprüchenlund^ thereby characterized, that through whirling in richtu'ng a narrow, nozzle ground (22), attached to a gas line (24), than part of the ground (2) of the promotion gutters (1) is intended. 5. Device according to the requirements Ibis 4, by characterized that the nozzle ground (22) at the lower part of the stage (21) is arranged. 6. VorrichtungnachdenAnsprüchen 1 und^dadurch characterized, daßeineDurchwirbelungsem direction as over the ground (2) of a promotion gutter (1) more arranged, into which thin flowing layer of projecting rakes (25) is trained. 7. Device according to requirement 2, by the fact characterized that a Durchwirbelungseinrichtung 20 as one from above into the promotion gutters (1) arranged compressed gas nozzle is trained. 8. Device requirement for after 1, by the fact characterized that at the upper end of each promotion gutter (1), a flat intake nozzle extending over their full width (9) with rectangular cross section is intended. 9. Device according to requirement 8, by the fact characterized that the height of the nozzle (9) attitude bear is lo! Device according to requirement 8 or 9, by the fact characterized that the nozzles (9) in each case a pressure chamber (6) is upstream. 11. Device according to requirement 10, by characterized that itself the pressure chamber (6) to the nozzle (9) tapered. 3012. Device according to requirement 1, by the fact characterized that the whole of the demand gutters (1) as a structural unit is trained and by partitions (5) into the individual promotion gutters is divided. 13. Device according to requirement 1, thus that in at least one feeder line (13 ') a degassing facility is switched. 3514. Device according to requirement 1, thus that the angle of inclination of the För that gutters (1) opposite the horizontals 5 to 30 amounts to. 15. Device requirement for after 14, by characterized that the angle of inclination 8 to 12 amounts to., „o. 16. Device according to requirement 15, thus that the angle of inclination 10 40 träst 17. Device according to requirement 1, by characterized that the promotion gutters consist of at least in each case two promotion gutter sections subordinate in flow direction connected each other and (1 ', 1”), whereby a promotion gutter section arranged in each case (1 “) is arranged seitüch transferred to the before-regulatory promotion gutter section (1 ') and runs in opposite Richtang bent en 45.

(Hiezu 2 sheets designs) pressure: Engineer E. Voytjech, Vienna AUSTRIAN patent office-spent at more lO.Feber 1978 2 sheets - the Bl.1 patent specification No. 341,448 class: Int.Cl2.: 85 C, 11 C 02 C1/00, B Ol J 1/10 C 02 C 3/00, CM^twp^pi " Sf-inco>KjP i©^> I®^ Q: 3z@t&) &#inro•“*COdfM “- - iirsÖSTERREICHISCHES PATENT OFFICE spent at more lO.Feber 1978 2 sheets - the Bl.2 patent specification No. 341,448 class: 85 C, 11 Int.Cl2.: C 02 C1/00, B Ol J 1/10 C 02 C 3/00,