FLEA COLLARS FOR ANIMALS

the present invention relates to an improved anti-parasitic collars for animals. Used from a certain time

dêjà

, devices suitable Angstroms gradually releasing a contact insecticide

ã

for protecting animals against parasites, and especially ectoparasites. Most of these devices is a insecticide enclosed in a plastic matrix. The slow release of the product

ectoparasitìcide

(that it acts by its vapor or deposit on the hair of the animal), affords effective protection against pests for several months.These different pest control devices and which were very many patents (including French patents of the applicant 2,447 679, 2,269 859, 2,307 466, 2,436 563, 2,370 572, 2,213 014, M. 374,853, 2,386 253, 2,386 254, 2,392 606), essentially composed of three basic elements:- the insecticide (or mixture of insecticides), - the carrier (typically based on a thermoplastic resin), - the adjuvants (as plasticizers, regulators diffusion, andc...) the choice of each of these three basic components is very important. It is indeed a fully device effective against parasites, diffusing a

maniêre

slow and smooth and a perfect product safety for both animal than for its surroundings, and especially for small children.If most of the drawbacks of these collars parasitic could ee - I eliminated and overcome all kinds of difficulties, it remains a disadvantage and paramount. I ' animals, or after a certain very

rapideméntpëriode

of

utilisatioñ

, shows some allergic

pnénomènes

with disorders in local: redness of skin,

eczemas

, tarnishing of the hair, loss of skin flexibility andc..and/or by disorders H ealth:

vmmissements

, weight loss, and c...the present invention has been lo and therefore fixed object aims to provide devices that respond better ectoparasiticidal collars and to the necessities of practice that the devices for the same purpose previously known, particularly in that they suppress all skin disorders of the animated!, while maintaining high efficiency of action for a long period.The present invention relates to a pest control collar for animals, characterized in that it comprises a device formed of at least one insecticidal insecticidal substance

assocìée

to at least one substance selected from essential fatty acids are unsaturated c18

ã

c22, said device further consisting of a macromolecular support solid thermoplastic and at least one adjuvant selected from the group consisting of plasticizers, inert fillers, dyes, the

dêsodorisants

, stabilizers and regulators diffusion.The enormous experience of the applicant in the field of pest control animals, it has been found that the long intolerance collar insecticidal was due to deficiency in certain fatty acids necessary

êpithélial

decoration system of the animal.According to an advantageous embodiment of the object of the invention, the insecticidal substance is selected from the organochlorine compounds and/or organophosphorus compounds and/or carbamate, and/or and/or

pyrèthresformamidines

.According to a particular modality of this embodiment, the organic material are selected from the group that includes:, J-I - 2.2 above dichlorovinyl phosphate and dimethyl (of DDVP) - phosphate 1.2-dibromo 2.2-to-

dichlofOçhyle

stored characteristics of methyl (nicotine) *, - 2 chloro-phosphate, (2.4.5-to-trichlorophenyl) vinyl - and dimethyl (

STIRIFOS

) *.* (trademark)

î195Z4

in another particular modality, the organophosphorous substance is selected from the group that includes the thiono phosphate of 0.0 '-diethyl, from 0 - (isopropyl 2 methyl-4 pyrimidinyl-to-6) (

DIMPYLATE

) and phosphate Diethylhydroxylamine 0.0 of O - (isopropyl 2 methyl-4 pyrimidinyl 6) (

DIAZOXON

).In another modality

partìculière

, carbamates are selected from n-methyl carbamate dimethyl-2.2 benzodioxole L, 3 ol derivative-4 (

BENDIOCAR

n-methyl carbamate

d'isopropoxy

-to-2 phenyl (n-methyl

PROPOXU

i0 carbamate 1-naphthyl (hexazinone in another particular modality, the substances type pyrethrum are selected from

l'a

-to-cyano3 phenoxybenzyl 2.2-to-dimethyl 3 - (2.2 above

dichlorovinyl

)-cyclopropane carboxylate

YPERMETHRI

restorative,

l'a

-cyano 3 phenoxybenzyl and 2 - (4-chlorophenyl) 3 methyl butyrate derivatives [

FENVALERAT

the 5 benzyl, 3 furylmethyl " 00, 2 a-dimethyl 3 - (2 oxo 2.3.4.5 tetrahydro 3 a-

thienylidèneméthyl

)

CKADETHRIN

-cyclopropane carboxylate), the 3 a-phenoxybenzyl 2.2-to-

diméthyl,__,

3 - (2.2 above

dichlorovinyl

)-cyclopropane carboxylate (3.4.5.6

tétrahydrophtalimidométhyl

) fenvalerate the myrtenol

çn

OPEs

YNAMI

n according to another particular modality, formamidines are chosen from the non - (4 chloro-0-tolyl) to nn, dimethylformamidine

CHLORDIMEFO

, and n-methyl, only 2.4 xylil the n (n-2.4

xyllylformamidoyl

) formamidinesulfinic (amitraz and).According to the invention, the essential fatty acids are unsaturated free or esterified, are selected from the group consisting of inclined acid, acid anhydride

linol

, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, acid 11.14

eicosadiêno

[that,

docosahexaénofque

acid and their esters of linear or branched c1 to c4.* (trademark) according to another particularly advantageous embodiment, is used as fatty acids, vitamin f.As thermoplastic solid macromolecular carrier, can be used for example polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of ethylene and propylene, polyacrylates, vinyl polymers, polyvinyl halides, polyvinyl acetals, polyvinylidene type compounds, polyurethanes, polyaldehydes, andc..., and preferably the homopolymers of polyvinyl chlorides or their copolymers with other polymers.As plasticizers necessary provide flexibility, mechanical strength and desired surface characteristics, can be used for example the

estërs

phosphoric acid, such as the phosphate

tricrêsyle

, the phthalic acid esters such as methyl phthalate, butyl, octyl,

d'éthyle

-to-2-hexyl, adipic acid esters, azelaic, sebacic, malic, c...The additives most commonly added, are dyes or pigments, such as deodorizers

éthylvanille

, vanillin, limonene, andc...; s T-AB 1 I-I-T-s-n-s, 1 return g F n-T-O, 1 I 1 P-m-O-C E X r s o t 1, 1 I-Q-U-th e (cadmium, barium and zinc, for example); hypoventilation R

égulateurs

broadcast which act by altering the porosity of the plastic strap, by vaporization or decomposition during manufacture, such as for example nitrogen derivatives (

benzènesulfonylhydrazine

,

trihydrazinotriazine

, andc...) and the azo derivatives (

azodiisobutyronitrile

,

diazoaminobenzène

, azodicarbonamide to, andc...).As loads necessary to reduce the

quantitë

resin and to facilitate implementation of the thermoplastic strap, can be used talc, silica, andc..In accordance with the present invention i195z44 confectioneries, the composition of the pest control device comprises 5, 25% of insecticidal substance, I confectioneries 10% unsaturated essential fatty acid, 10 to 50% of macromolecular support and I to 1" 5% of various adjuvants.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the object of the invention, the insecticidal substance of W associated with the fatty acid is the

DIMPYLATE

associated with vitamin f.I0 continuing foremost searches, the applicant it has been discovered that in some cases, the features of the actives such as in particular the physical appearance-solid or liquid -, melting point, boiling point, vapor pressure, chemical or thermal stability. and so on, have not permitted a regular and identical two substances both.This diffusion rate may vary the m Me in some cases in large proportions. THE I! became necessary, in some cases, consideration of physicochemical properties of the active substances (the insecticide and the fatty acid) to select a suitable macromolecular carrier, plasticizers, additives, fillers and regulators suitable broadcasts, of

maniêre

to provide a compromise and have the removal rates of both active ingredients as close as possible if not substantially identical.An object of the present invention is to provide a pest control collar movably release stresses that could constitute in some cases the incompatibility between an active substance and an unsaturated essential fatty acid.The present invention also relates to an animal pest control collar having an insecticidal device formed of at least one substance

insecti

- * (trademark) i0

associêe

angstroms in the establishment at least one substance selected from essential fatty acids are unsaturated c18 to C22, characterized by the fact that it is in the form of two straps joined laterally to form a double strap mixed, a strap containing the insecticide substance, the other, the fatty acid, each of the two strap portions

supportset

containing suitable additives to the insecticidal substance and the essential fatty acid selected from unsaturated.Making two strips of plastics each containing one of the active - the straps being joined laterally - was most efficiently meet requirements of diffusion and removal.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the object of the invention, the strap mixed is obtained by coextrusion hot.According to another embodiment of the object of the inventions the strap mixed is obtained by molding.But whatever the technical means of obtaining straps (coextrusion or molding), it is very easy to adapt the nature of carriers and the carrier to the physicochemical properties of each of the two active substances and thereby secure the process conditions.The result is that " while maintaining the quality of the ' tolerance described, greatly enhanced the effectiveness of the pest control device is minimized and manufacturing constraints, thus the cost price.Among the different techniques for obtaining possible of these devices according to the present invention, the technique called coextrusion hot constitutes, the production scale, the most

adaptêe

.The latter process - currently widely used in the rubber industry and plastic materials the II - 5, 44 results by coextrusion by going through a single die of a strap mixed

tartir

extrusion separated from two different mixtures.In so doing the preparation of two separate mixtures and appropriate each in their composition to the nature of the active substance, an end device is made more efficient. This type of preparation is found particularly desirable when the two active substances are very different

çar

!

euTsphysic0chimiques

properties.In this manner if the essential fatty acids are unsaturated C. to c - or their

dérivës

esterified are in the form of viscous liquids, the insecticidal substances retained in the present invention may be liquid compounds are (

oîganochlorés

, organophosphorus,

pyrethrinoïdes

) or solid (carbamate,

formamidines

.).Furthermore, each group of compounds is also characterized by boiling points or different melting, by far separated vapor pressure as well as by chemical or thermal stability criteria different.Gold, it is known to the skilled artisan that the nature of the macromolecular carrier, the nature plasticizers, the nature of the additives, the influent considerably on the diffusion rates therefore removal, therefore on ACT IV tee measured.Has obviously, it spring connective associating a carbamate and/or a formamidine with a fatty acid ester, does will give optimum results that if the composition of each party is different.The result is judged to be optimum when the diffusion rates of the individual compounds are adjacent.For each type of substance used, it is therefore necessary to adapt the nature of auxiliaries and/or carriers so as to brake or accelerate

ã

removal of a BII a 5z44 compounds relative to each other taken as a reference.In their appearance, the new devices are in the form of a strap mixed whose respective dimensions of each part are set on the basis of various elements such as the percentage of active material, the insecticidal activity and/or protective substance; generally, they must @ TREs compatible with the requirements of obtaining a strap that can be used as pest control collar for pets (dogs or cats).Generally the dimensions of the final strap are approximately 15 to 30 mm for the width and about 2 to 5 mm for the thickness, the length being calculated so as to be attachable to the neck of the larger animals.It is evident that devices suitable in size for each type of animal, cats, puppy, dog, large dog are preferable.Given the different percentages, namely 25% for the 5

ã

insecticidal substance and I Å for the fatty acids, the respective widths of each of the parts will be different.In general, the widths of 10 to 20 mm are for the insecticidal part 5 angstroms and 10 mm for the fatty acid part.Separate manufacture of each of the two mixtures allows the incorporation of dyestuffs, pigments, light-reflecting substances or different luminescent for each of the portions.In addition to arrangements which

prëcëdent

, the invention also comprises other arrangements which shall become apparent from the description which will follow.The present invention is particularly aimed at the collars pest, consistent with the foregoing provisions, as well as the means suitable for making these collars.The invention will be better understood using TRE to complement description which will follow, which refers to exemplary embodiments of the present invention

ã

compliant devices, with examples of composition of said devices, and

ã

reporting clinical trials performed on animals.It should TREs understood, however, that the examples of implementation which will be described hereinafter

aprês

, as well as the clinical reporting,

ã

only are given as an illustration of the object of the present invention, but do not in any way constitute a limitation.Examples of composition example] methyl linoleate

DIMPYLATE

methyl linolenate

d'éthyl

-to-2 hexyl adipate or epoxidized soybean oil calcium stearate black iron oxide micronized silica

Azodìcarbonamide

polyvinyl chloride homopolymer parts by weight active ingredient 2 additive 0.5 1.5 example 2 di-

PYLATE

* active ingredient vitamin f j-isooctyl adipate epoxidized soy bean oil calcium stearate red iron oxide silica' micronized additive azodicarbonamide to?.3 0, 5 * 43.5/PVC homopolymer (trademark)

ÆI

5, 44 example 3

BENDIOCARD

linoleate

mêthyleLinolénàte

methyl methyl oleate methyl butyl phthalate phthalate soybean oil

êpoxydée

calcium stearate i0 iron oxide red iron oxide black PVC homopolymer such as azodicarbonamide to an OC 4 hackberry rd.* vitamin f neutral active ingredient additive active ingredient adipate isooctyl adipate methyl ") epoxidized soybean oil calcium stearate azodicarboramide 1 homopolymer PVC example additive

CYPEíETHRIH

* principle. m3thyle

docosahexanoate

acid-active" butyl adipate " methyl adipate calcium stearate additive complex a cadmium/barium micronized silica iron oxide black

Homopolymêre

PVC Y * (trademark) l0 1.5 1.5 ì0, 0.25.O, z5 50.5 i0 0.5 63.5 4% 1.44 it example 6 * fe

Iî95VALERATE

methyl linolenate isooctyl adipate I-methyl adipate epoxidized soy bean oil

Stêaratë

calcium (PVC homopolymer

EXFIPLE

vitamin f * 7, 1 i0 amitraz and neutral active ingredient additive active ingredient

d'éthyle

-to-2 hexyl phthalate-butyl phthalate/epoxidized soy bean oil calcium stearate black iron oxide {red iron oxide azodicarboramide PVC homopolymer such as additive for producing a collar lo 12.5 12.5 1.5 0.5 0.5 2.5 substances are used the example Z in a suitable container, is di

PYLATEmêlange

intimately 36 kg, 12 kg of vitamin f * neutral, isooctyl adipate 46 kg, 6 kg epoxidized soy bean oil and dyed the solution by red iron oxide (from about i kilograms).In a heatable mixer, introduced

homopolymêre

47 kg of PVC, 4 kg of calcium stearate, 4 kg of silica

micronìsée

and 4 kg of azodicarbonamide.Stirred the previous solution in the mixer above. The

pãteboulange

is obtained until a uniform red color. Is brought to a temperature of 70 °c

méIange

about, and mixed min. The powder thus obtained is introduced into the hopper of an extruder screw

ã

. The extrusion parameters, i.e. the temperature of the die, the pressure of the * (trademark) 1195z44 i0 die, the extrusion speed and the cooling temperature, are attached to provide a strap uniform in appearance and size.The strap is then cut

ã

the length; a closure system is stapled at one of the ends.The collar insecticidal is packaged in sachets of triple thickness (a PVC - aluminum - paper) and welded.The manufacturing protocol is valid for " all examples, by delivering the changes due to the physical nature of the components.Example of making dual strap mixed prepared two mixtures: mixing a containing the insecticidal substance and the mixture b containing the fatty acid.These two mixtures (with a few different compositions will be described hereinafter) are, after homogenization, introduced separately into the two hoppers of a twin-system. In output, both straps preshaped in sizes pass through a common die head within which the weld is lateral.This manufacturing step can be also done with!' use of two extruders connected different output from a single die-head for wringing side of two straps at their initial and final calibration format of the single strap.This system has the advantage of adjusting, independently, the extrusion parameters such as the temperature of the die, the pressure and the rate of extrusion.Examples of composition:Example 8 mixture has i

Dimpylate

* [thiono phosphate O, TDC-diethyl, from 0 - (

isopropyl_2méthvi

-to-4 pyrimidinyl 6) j of epoxidized soybean oil calcium stearate ethyl 2 ethylhexyl phthalate azodicarboramide red iron oxide black iron oxide homopolymer Stabilizer mixture b/w,,

incipe

vitamin f neutral active I-T-soybean oil

époxydéée

butyl phthalate yellow pigment calcium carbonate calcium stearate homopolymer

P.V.C

.Additive ingredient ITAC=0.50 parts by weight of £

_A

melan 52.50 0.25 57.50 additive in a first container is thoroughly mixed * 95% to 32 kg of

Dimpylate

, 6 kg of oil epoxidized

sojå

, ethylhexyl phthalate

d'ethyl

-a 2 kg weight and dyed the solution by mixing of the two iron oxides.In a heatable mixer, introduced 50 kg of

homopo

]

ymère

Stabilizer and 4 kg of azodicarbonamide.Is then introduced with stirring the solution

précêdente

in the mixer, is heated during 30 min. to 70° C, then complete by the remaining amount of homopolymer

P.C.C

. By cooling is agitated until a homogeneous dry powder and uniform coloring brown.* (trademark) ll 5z44

Mêlan

@ of e are performed in the same way as in has, taking the precaution to work at a temperature does not

excêdant

40° C. introduces the mixture powder has in the

trémíe

. an extruder and the mixture powder b in the hopper of the other extruder.The temperatures are, respectively, of 1oo degrees c for a and b-c for 90°, the coextrusion die being set

ã

a

tempêrature

of 90° C..i0 output ' die, the thong mixed obtained is cooled by passing through a cold water bath.The strap is then cut to length

souhaitéeSo

a closure system (loop) is

ägrafé

at one of the ends.The dimensional criteria fixed by the shape of the die are as follows:Total width 15 mm. Width of the insecticidal part (brown) lo millimeters. Width of the fatty acid part yellow) 5 mm thickness 3 mm

ExemDle

9 mixture has parts by weight amitraz * [n-methyl, n-xylil 2.4ç 8 does ingredient (n-2.4

xylylformaactifmidovl

) I-octyl adipate formamidinesulfinic calcium stearate epoxidized soy bean oil! .' - The talc additive white pigment

P.V.C

homopolymer.12.5 * I-46.5 (trademark)

ÆI

sz44•mixture 1 methyl linolenate methyl linoleate methyloleate T-butyl phthalate active ingredient AEs epoxidized soy bean oil calcium stearate additive 2 calcium carbonate black iron oxide 0.5 i0 homopolymer Stabilizer 52.5 examined then

læ

manufacture and extrusion as described in the example 8.With the

magnifications

of the coextrusion die, there is obtained a strap white and black whose dimensions are as follows:Total width 20 mm width of the insecticidal part (white) 15 mm width of the fatty acid part 5 (black) in ram. 2.5 mm total thickness of £

Mélanq

i0 example

_A

I-

Propo

URs * LnCM-

mé %hyl

carbamate-

phénylêd'isoDropoxv

and 2] diethylphthalate dibutylphthalate calcium stearate epoxidized soy bean oil azodicarbonamide to black iron oxide homopolymer

P.V.C

.active ingredient parts by weight of I * 0.5 53.5 theS additive (mark CO.

nlmerce

) " £1, 5244 methyl linoleate dibutylphthalate calcium stearate calcium carbonate

Colorånt

yellow

P.V.C

homopolymer.The thong j-active ingredient additive mixed obtained

aprës

coextrusion, has the following specifications:i0 total width 5 mm width of the insecticidal part (black) 0 mm width of the fatty acid part (yellow) 5 mm total thickness 3 mm clinical trials on an animal population having dogs and cats, age and breed different, many clinical findings have shown the occurrence of various skin diseases caused by wearing the collar insecticidal.The incorporation of essential fatty acids unsaturated c18

ã

c22 free or esterified, in particular acids in constituent c18 vitamin f to a collar insecticidal, minimizing these skin manifestations.First trial of comparison testing involves treating two populations (PI and p2), dogs of gender, age and breed different.Each population comprises 500 individuals.The assay is conducted for a period of i0 weeks, state animals

êtant

checked every two weeks following attachment of the collar.The skin conditions taken into account during the experiment are:- flaking - erythema 1195z44 - pruritus - hair loss at the neck.The composition of the collars (% by weight)

êtudiée

, is as follows:

DIMPYLATEW

vitamin f neutral adipate epoxidized soybean oil isooctyl stearate calcium iron oxide red micronized silica azodicarboramide homopolymer PVC collar c1 c2 collar (

ã

according the invention) 2, 2 0.5 0.5 2, 2 2, 2 47.5 53.5 collars are fixed type c1 animals of the population IP "the-like collars c2 are attached to the animals of the population p2" Table I collects results observations, the numerals indicating the number having the signs of local intolerance.Table I population is I-I-I-p2 population of PI-I-I-L-4ême 16ème 1sème 2ème

l0ème

week I-I-I-an í

semaine4semainesemainelsemaine

0, 1 1! 2, 0 j-j-I-I-I-I-3 has! 3, 4 5 6 i-m-] second test comparing a comparative test is accomplished with two identical populations of cats PI and p2 c1 and carrying the collars of the exemplary c2 précédent° * (trademark) i0 ii95z44 results are grouped in Table II.Table II population of PI-population of P, 2ème;

emaine

4ème week 6ème week 8ème week 10ème week in assays I and 2, the two compositions of collars the c] and C., =95% are effective to remove the parasites present in animals (fleas and ticks).Animals are protected free parasite i00% during the i0 weeks of the experiment.In this case, local intolerance phenomena are-tooth of the collar only and not due to the garbled or excessive scratching caused by the presence of the chips.Third test is selected the six dogs having carried the collar (see an i) c2, and the seven cats having carried the collar. C (FS. test 2).All animals have skin reactions. RC is their removes the collar, and the collar is in place I-C." observed these animals for five weeks.The results (see Table III) show. that the formulation according to the invention (enriched to vitamin f neutral), allows the disappearance skin reactions in a very short time.i0

ii93í

44 Table III N REs I-era

vidü

s hand I L-dogs p21 6 cats w 7 2ème week 3 week 4 week 5ème weekly " '] I-I has.3 "2, 2" and this spring of the foregoing, the invention is by any means restricted to those of its embodiments and application just described more explicitly; it in cuff, on the contrary, all the variants that may come to the mind of the technician in the matter, without departing from the frame, or scope, of the present invention.

OEI

sz44 embodiments of the invention, at which an exclusive right of property or privilege is claimed, are defined

comae

it follows:i. animal pest control collar characterized in that it comprises an insecticidal device formed d at least one insecticidal substance associated with at least one substance selected from essential fatty acids are unsaturated c18 c22 confectioneries, said device further consisting of a macromolecular support solid thermoplastic and at least one adjuvant selected from the group consisting of plasticizers, inert fillers, dyes, deodorizers, stabilizers and regulators diffusion.2. collar according to claim I, characterized in that the insecticide substance is selected from the group comprising the organochlorine compounds, the organophosphorus compounds, carbamates, formamidines and the

pyrèthres

.3. collar according to claim 2, characterized in that the organic material are selected from the group consisting of phosphate 2,

2dichlorovinyle

and dimethyl (of DDVP), phosphate 1.2-dibromo 2.2-to-dichloroethyl and methyl, and phosphate 2-chloro-(2.4.5-to-trichlorophenyl) vinyl dimethyl.4. collar according to claim 2, characterized in that the substance

caractérisêorganophosphorêe

is selected from the group comprising the thiono phosphate of 0.0 '-diethyl,