Solar thermal photovoltaic device for frequency division absorption
Technical field The invention relates to a photoelectric direct conversion device, that is a kind of frequency division of the absorbed solar energy full frequency spectrum thermophotovoltaic device. Second background art Solar the calorescence bends down system from ordinary thermophotovoltaic system (STPV) (TPV) and directly convert solar energy into electric energy (PV) of the photovoltaic system, its operation principle is: the convergence large amount of sunlight through the collector to heat the radiator, the radiator reach higher temperature, thus the radiant energy. Is arranged between the radiator and photocell a layer of filter, so that the battery can be as much as possible the conversion of the radiant energy of the wave band range through the filter to reach the cell, and the photovoltaic cell is transformed into electric power output, and the battery is unable to filter the conversion of the energy is then reflected back to the radiator in order to re-use, keep the temperature of the radiator is relatively high, in order to reduce energy loss. The United States Company EDTEK of the STPV system, the the gathering cassegrain , its solar energy collecting ratio the 1000 [...] 1, the system is a mixed the calorescence bends down system, the solar energy and the common combustion of the fuel the heating mode, the surface temperature of the radiator is measured for the 1400 when [...] , system efficiency is 22.3%, and the theoretical conversion efficiency can be achieved also only 25%. Furthermore, physical technology research Institute of the Fresnel lens and the transmissive mirror for gathering guide, its production to the efficiency of the STPV system of the radiator temperature of 2000K theoretical maximum efficiency can be achieved when the 33%. From this it can be seen, solar the calorescence bends down system with respect to the ordinary the calorescence bends down system and PV system, efficiency has been improved to a certain extent, but there are still the following problems: 1, the usual solar the calorescence bends down system can only a certain absorption of the photon spectrum section, other spectral band photon has not been fully utilized; 2, although the temperature of the radiator increases the efficiency of the system can be improved, however, because the entrance of the radiator and the energy loss caused by the leakage of the radiant energy, when the temperature rises to a certain value, the efficiency of the system will thus reducing, that is, maximum efficiency, there is a corresponding temperature value, when the reaches the temperature, and then improve its absorption of solar energy radiator to increase the temperature is not of significance, high regarding radiator the temperature and the characteristic of the material will have a great impact, even cause material damage; 3, radiator temperature rise of the battery will cause a sharp increase in thermal load, the performance and power of the radiator by the requirements of the higher, if the radiator can not reach the ideal effect of the temperature rise of the battery will, and the rise of the temperature of the battery is reduced, the efficiency of the effect is also obvious; 4, condenser in the convergence process can avoid the loss of the energy the presence of, if the solar energy can be obtained during the loss before a certain utilization, will certainly make the efficiency of the system can be improved; 5, as can be seen from the above data, the STPV system, the efficiency of the system is still subject to many constraints, many practical factors of the sight after the calculation, the theoretical efficiency of the system is still very difficult to more than 30%. Three the content of the invention The purpose of this invention is to provide a high output electric power of the system efficiency and, the low surface temperature of the radiator, thereby reducing the heat load of the battery of the frequency division absorbs solar thermophotovoltaic device. The aim of the invention is the technical scheme: a frequency the calorescence bends down device of the absorbed solar energy, characterized in that it comprises a main reflector, and is arranged in between the main reflector and its focus of the secondary reflector, the main reflector is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic cell at the level of, the photoelectric cell surface is attached with the filter, the main reflector is arranged below the thermophotovoltaic device, thermophotovoltaic device mainly including absorber, radiator and photocell, for the photoelectric cell surface of a filter, is arranged on the outer surface of the battery cooler. The principle of this invention is to: focus on efficient utilization of the full-spectrum of solar energy, adopts a two-stage reflective collector of the solar energy convergence, the main reflecting mirror is provided with a photocell, absorbing direct solar irradiation, the photoelectric cell is arranged on the surface of the filter coating with filter function, can transform as much as possible of the photovoltaic cell through the filter to reach the photocell surface of the sunlight, directly converted into electrical energy to be; filter with filtering role coating, but also has the reflection characteristic of the reflector, the band can be transformed can be outside the scope of the original sunlight in accordance with the reflection light path of the main reflector is reflected back to the secondary reflector, in order to continue to use. Through the secondary through the sunlight reflected by a reflector device the calorescence bends down the incident port enters the absorption radiator cavity, is transformed into thermal energy, and heat radiation dive after a certain temperature, the radiant energy, a part of the radiant energy of a photon of the radiator through the filter to reach the heat in the photovoltaic system part of the photocell (GaSb photovoltaic cells or other forbidden band can be value is relatively low photovoltaic cell), is transformed into electric energy, the other part of the filter is reflected back to the radiator in order to keep the high temperature of the radiator. Two levels of electric power generated by a photovoltaic cell and the overall electric power output of the system. In this way, the use of full spectrum of solar energy. Compared with the prior art, the present invention, the obvious advantages that: 1, uses two levels of photo-electric conversion device, can remarkably improve the efficiency of the absorption and transformation of the solar energy, the system efficiency and increase the output electric power in general, numerical calculation display than the same working conditions higher than the ordinary STPV device 12-13% ; 2, a part of the sunlight absorbing photovoltaic cells, the reduction of solar energy reach the absorber, the temperature of the surface of the radiator is reduced, thereby reducing the heat load of the battery; 3, using silicon battery to absorb part of the solar energy, is also reduced to a certain extent the two reflection of sunlight energy loss. The invention can be used in aviation, space, the fields of life, such as for aircraft and daily life to provide adequate electric energy, has wide application prospect. Four Figure description Figure 1 is a structure diagram of the invention, the sub-band absorption solar thermophotovoltaic device. Figure 2 is a top view of structure of the main reflector of the present invention is provided with a silicon cell. Figure 3 is a top view of the cylinder is arranged on the wall surface of gallium antimonide cell. Five specific embodiment In conjuction with the following further description of the present invention. Combined with Figure 1, the frequency of this invention the absorption of the solar thermophotovoltaic device. Comprises a main reflector 1, two-stage reflector 2, and through the bracket to support refrigerator cassegrain , that is, the main reflector is a parabolic cylindrical reflector, the secondary reflector is a hyperboloid mirror, the main mirror and two-stage double-curved mirror size of the arbitrarily selected according to the needs. The main reflector surface to the silicon cell 3, for the silicon on the surface of a cell a filter 4, the 0.45-1.127 the sunlight m band of the can through the filter 4 reaches the silicon cell, is transformed into electric energy, the solar energy outside the scope of this band and the remaining fall on the main reflective of solar energy on the mirror surface of the secondary reflector is reflected back together, the secondary reflection through the absorber intake 13 enters the absorber 7 the cavity 11. Located under the calorescence bends down system of the main reflector 5 in the form of a double-cylindrical sleeve, the inner cylinder of the absorber 6 and the radiator 7, the outer layer of the insert a vacuum pumping cylinder 12 the inner, the inner wall of the outer layer of the cylinder is along the radiator a week of gallium antimonide cell 9, the battery is attached to the inner surface of the filter 8, in order to selectively absorb radiation energy, and reflection can not absorb energy in order to keep the temperature of the radiator. The outer surface of the battery is provided with a cooler 10, in order to eliminate the waste heat generated inside the battery. Combining Figure 2, on the surface of the main reflector from the secondary reflector to the outside of the projection area of the layer-by-layer arrangement silicon cell, each layer arranged in accordance with the number of the maximum are possible, so that the reflector as far as possible with the surface of the silicon cell. The quantity of the silicon cell size of the decision by the main reflector. Combining Figure 3, thermooptic-volt system battery stibium gallium along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 8 block, will be along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 8 divided, part of the battery is outside the reflector, will reach the portion of the radiant energy is reflected back to the radiator, radially arranged 6 block, a total of 48 block GaSb cell. Is arranged on the surface of a cell Si/SiO2 photonic crystal filter. The utility model discloses a solar energy thermal photovoltaic device with frequency-dividing absorption, comprising a main reflector, a second-level reflector arranged between the main reflector and the focus of the main reflector; wherein a first-level photocell is positioned on the surface of the main reflector and a filter is pasted on the surface of the photocell; the thermal photovoltaic device comprising an absorber, a radiator and a photocell is arranged under the main reflector; a filter is pasted on the surface of the photocell and a condenser is positioned on the external surface of the photocell. The utility model adopts the two-level photoelectric conversion device so as to enhance absorption and conversion efficiency for the solar energy obviously as well as to increase the system efficiency and the total output electric power; the first-level photocell absorbs part of sunlight, which reduces the sunlight to the absorber and the heat load of the photocell; moreover the silicon battery absorbs part of sunlight firstly, which reduces the expense during the two reflection of the sunlight. The utility model can be applied in the aviation, astronautics, life fields and other fields, and can provide sufficient electric energy for the flight vehicle and the daily life. 1. A frequency the calorescence bends down device of the absorbed solar energy, characterized in that it comprises a main reflector, and is arranged on the main reflector and its focus secondary reflector of between, the main reflector is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic cell at the level of, a filter for the photoelectric cell surface, of the main reflector is arranged below the thermophotovoltaic device, thermophotovoltaic device mainly including absorber, radiator photocell and, the photoelectric cell a filter surface, is arranged on the outer surface of the battery cooler. 2. Frequency division of the absorbed solar energy device the calorescence bends down according to Claim 1, characterized in that the gathering cassegrain and through the support, that is, the main reflector is a parabolic cylindrical reflector, the secondary reflector is a hyperboloid mirror, thermophotovoltaic device inlet is located in the lower part of the main reflector, the focus of the secondary reflector. 3. the calorescence bends down device for frequency division of the absorbed solar energy as in Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that a level photocell by using a silicon cell, from the main mirror on the surface of the secondary reflector to the projection area of the silicon cell other than the layer-by-layer arrangement, each layer may be arranged in accordance with the number of maximum an arrangement, the reflector surface is covered silicon cell. 4. Frequency division of the absorbed solar energy device the calorescence bends down according to Claim 1, characterized in that thermo-optic-volt device the structure of a double-cylindrical sleeve, the inner cylinder of the absorber and the radiator, can be a silicon carbide material, inserted in a vacuum-pumping of the outer cylindrical body, values of the forbidden band of relatively low thermo-optic volt battery equally arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 8 block, radially arranged 6 block, a total of 48 block, the surface of a cell is provided with a photonic crystal filter.