GASIFICATION AND MELTING INSTALLATION

Technical Field of the Invention the present invention relates to gasifying and melting mill, which provides gasification and melting wastes.

Background of the Invention in past gasifying system and melting of ash was known as technical means, which can to treatment of broad row wastes, such as non-combustible waste, residues after burning and slime in addition to public-domestic waste. Gasifying system and melting ash includes: furnace for gasification of, which provides gasification waste by means of thermal decomposition of waste; melting furnace, which is provided on output side of furnace for gasification of, provides combustion of pyrolysis gas, generated furnace for gasification of, at high temperature and transformation of ash, contained in gas, into molten slag; and afterburning chamber, which provides burning of flue gas, coming from melting furnace. In recycling, decreasing the volume and Your condensate toxicity of waste gasifying system and melting ash provides for extraction of slag from melting furnace for repeated use of slag as construction material, such as materials underlying layer road coating, or utilization of the effluent flue gas heat, coming from afterburning chamber, for electricity generation.

Furnace, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, widely used as furnace for gasification of in similar system of gasification and melting of ash. Fluidized layer, in which fluid medium is subjected to fluidization due to supply of combustion air, is formed in lower part of furnace, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, and furnace, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, is a device, which provides partial burning wastes, placed in fluidized layers, and thermal decomposition of waste in fluidized bed, due to heat of combustion is maintained high temperature.

Besides, furnace, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, is made with possibility of providing discharge of noncombustible substances from lower part of furnace for gasification of together with sand, which represents a fluid medium.

Since plant for gasification of and melting require reduction of volume of, as described above, is important to decrease volume of noncombustible substances, subject to final disposal and treatment. Means of reduction of volume of noncombustible substances, which are subject to final disposal and treatment of, by extracting valuable metal, such as iron or aluminium, from inflammable substances and the like, are known as agents reduction of volume of noncombustible substances.

Plant for gasification of and melting, which provides pulverizatsiyu noncombustible substances, of which valuable metal was removed, and introduction of pulverizovannykh noncombustible substances in melting furnace for their melting substances, described is in Patent document 1 as agent reduction of volume of other waste of. This plant for gasification of and melting can provide input noncombustible substances in melting furnace by means of spraying (fine grinding) noncombustible substances after additional removal of metals (metals, different from valuable metal) from inflammable substances, of which valuable metal was removed, by means of use of vibration sieve and by means of the cutoff of fixed amount of pulverizovannykh noncombustible substances.

Document to An patent document patent document 1 : Nerassmotrennaya form on patent Japan, first publication № 2008-69984 Brief essence of invention problem, subject to solve by means of-the fact of not less than, in installation for gasification and melting, open in Patent document 1, vibration sieve, which provides the removal of metals from noncombustible substances, is required in the process of treatment of noncombustible substances. Along this cause of existed problem, connected with the, that overall dimensions for gasification of and melting increased. Besides, since metals are removed by vibration sieve in insufficient degree of, existed problem, which involves picking up in the fact, that metals unintentionally are introduced into melting furnace.

Invention was built with into account data conditions, and problem of the present invention consists in development of plant for gasification and melting, which can be made with a lower cost due to reduction of number of devices, forming the installation, and can to provide reliable removal of metals.

Means of solution of the problem for solving above mentioned problem in present invention are used below indicated means.

Plant for gasification of and melting in accordance with the present invention includes: furnace, designed for gasification of in fluidized bed, which provides formation of pyrolysis gas due to thermal decomposition of waste and tapping noncombustible substances; vertical cyclone melting furnace, which includes gas duct for pyrolysis gas, which is introduced pyrolysis gas; passage for pyrolysis gas, which connects furnace, designed for gasification of in fluidized bed, with the gas duct for pyrolysis gas, provided in the vertical cyclone melting furnace; mincer, designed for fine grinding of noncombustible substances, which are produced from furnace, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, to of finely ground noncombustible substances so, that size of particles noncombustible substances becomes small; and device for transportation of in air flow, which provides displacement of finely ground noncombustible substances, which are formed by grinder, together with air flow, supply of finely ground noncombustible substances in passage for pyrolysis gas and separation of metal, contained in of finely ground noncombustible substances, due to difference in specific weight during transportation of finely ground noncombustible substances together with air flow. Pyrolysis gas and finely ground non-combustible substance are melted in the vertical cyclone melting furnace.

In installation for gasification and melting according to the present invention finely ground non-combustible substance are transported together with air flow, and metals, contained in the of finely ground noncombustible substances, separated during their movement together with air flow.

Respectively, need to in provision of presence of device, removes metal, and, consequently, there is possibility of creating plant for gasification and melting with a lower cost.

Preferably, to size of particles of finely ground noncombustible substances was adjusted to small particles size, component less than 0.1 mm.

According to the present invention exists possibility of reliable displacement of finely ground noncombustible substances together with air flow and reliable removing metal.

Besides, plant for gasification of and melting in accordance with the present invention preferably additionally includes before grinder, designed for fine grinding, sorting device, which provides separation of noncombustible substances and fluid medium, which is discharged from furnace, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, separator, which provides separation of iron and aluminium from noncombustible substances, which sorted selecting device, and feeding device for feeding of fixed amount of, which provides supply of noncombustible substances, which were subjected to separation, made separator, to grinder, designed for fine grinding, in fixed amount.

According to the present invention exists possibility of separation of valuable metal from noncombustible substances and of control of amount of noncombustible substances, to be feeding grinder, designed for fine grinding.

Besides, preferably, to gas duct for pyrolysis gas was is provided with burner with preliminary mixing.

Since according to the present invention, the pyrolysis gas and finely ground non-combustible substance pass through burner with preliminary mixing and into vertical cyclone melting furnace, there is possibility of preliminary heating pyrolysis gas and finely ground noncombustible substances in sufficient degree. Respectively, may be made melting in smooth mode.

Besides, preferably, to plant for gasification of and melting in accordance with the present invention included a plurality of channels for passage of pyrolysis gas and multiple gas ducts for pyrolysis gas. Pyrolysis gas and finely ground non-combustible substance vduvayutsya into vertical cyclone melting furnace for providing zavikhryayushchegosya of flow.

Since according to the present invention, the pyrolysis gas is introduced from multiple gas ducts for pyrolysis gas, force swirling gas flow in vertical cyclone melting furnace can be increased, and there is possibility of prevention of situation, at which finely ground non-combustible substance are transferred in flue gas without trapping in vertical cyclone melting furnace.

Besides, device for transportation of in air flow preferably includes pipe for pneumatic transportation, which is curved in direction to outlet side, blower, which provides creation of air flow in pipe for pneumatic transportation, and pipe for of removing metals, which stretches the curved part downwards pipe for pneumatic transportation.

According to the present invention exists possibility of removing metals by means of more simple design and compact plant for gasification and melting.

Effect of the Invention according to the present invention, the finely ground non-combustible substance are transported together with air flow, and metals, contained in the of finely ground noncombustible substances, separated during transportation together with air flow. Respectively, need to in provision of presence of device, removes metal, and, consequently, there is possibility of creating plant for gasification and melting with a lower cost.

Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 represents appearance, indicating structure of installation for gasification and melting one version of the present invention.

Figure 2 represents schematic image pipe for pneumatic transportation by variant embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 represents a section, made along line a-and on Figure 1.

Description embodiment one variant of embodiment of the present invention will be described below with a reference to the drawings.

As shown on φig. 1, installation 1 for gasification of and melting according to this version includes furnace 2, designed for gasification of in fluidized bed, and melting plant 4. Installation 1 for gasification of and melting provides input of pyrolysis gas 52, which is formed due to thermal decomposition of waste 51 in furnace 2, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, in melting installation 4 along channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas.

Furnace 2, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, includes body 5 furnace for gasification, having rectangular tubular, and element b for inlet of wastes, including device ba for discharging wastes, is provided on one side wall of body 5 furnace for gasification. Besides, element 23 for discharging pyrolysis gas, which is discharged pyrolysis gas, formed in furnace for gasification, is provided in the upper part of body furnace for gasification, and element 7 for discharging incombustible substances is provided in lower part of the housing 5 furnace for gasification.

Besides, fluid medium 8 (mainly, quartz sand) is subjected to circulation and is fed in lower part of furnace 2, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed.

Non-combustible substance and fluid medium 53, which are produced from the element 7 for discharging incombustible substances, are fed into classifier 9 for sand and are separated on non-combustible substance 54 and fluid medium 55. Fluid medium 55, which is separated here, returns in furnace 2, designed for gasification of in fluidized bed, by means of, for example, lift, intended for provide for circulation of sand.

Non-combustible substance 54, which are produced from classifier 9 sand, are fed into separation device (separator), which includes magnetic separator 10 and screen 11 for aluminum. First non-combustible substance 54 are fed into magnetic separator 10, and is separated iron. Then non-combustible substance 56, which are produced from the magnetic separator 10, are fed into screen 11 for aluminum, and aluminum is separated.

Respectively, valuable metal, including iron and aluminium, is separated.

Non-combustible substance 57, which are shot from sorting device 11 for aluminum, are fed into feeding device 13 for feeding of fixed amount of, which includes a hopper 12. Fixed amount of noncombustible substances 57, accumulated in hopper 12, One should dissect a in feeding apparatus 13, intended for feeding of fixed amount of. Clipped non-combustible substance 58 are supplied in machine 14 for formation of powder and are subjected to fine grinding to size of particles, amounting to 0.1 mm or less, so that adjustment size of particles of noncombustible substances 58. Further non-combustible substance, which were subjected to fine grinding, named of finely ground non-combustible substances 59. Since size of particles noncombustible substances 58 brought to 0.1 mm or less, non-combustible substance 58 properly disappointed by air flow, when finely ground non-combustible substance 59 are introduced into pipe 31 for pneumatic transportation of, the in device for transportation in air flow, which will described below.

Device 30 for transportation of in air flow is provided under machine 14 for formation of powder.

Device 30 for transportation of in air flow includes pipe 31 for pneumatic transport, in which is formed bent part 35, blower 32, which provides creating air flow in pipe 31 for pneumatic transport, and pipe 33 for removing metals, which is provided on the bent part blower 32 is mounted with possibility of formation of air flow, passing to outlet side from pipe inlet end 31 for pneumatic transportation.

As shown on Figure 2, intake part 34 and bent part are formed in pipe 31 for pneumatic transportation in given order, starting from inlet side. Because intake part 34 is connected with output machine 14 for formation of powder, finely ground non-combustible substance 59, which were subjected to fine grinding machine 14 for formation of powder, are introduced into pipe 31 for pneumatic transportation from inlet part 34. Pipe 31 for pneumatic transportation of is bent further in the direction of flow relative to the inlet part 34 so, that is formed bent part 35. Pipe 31 for pneumatic transportation of is bent upward in curved part 35. Besides, pipe 33 for removing metals extends the curved part downwards pipe 31 for pneumatic transportation of branches into two pipes on output side curved part 35. Pipe 31 for pneumatic transport, which branches into two pipe for pneumatic transportation, is connected with passage 3 with branches, designed for passage of pyrolysis gas, which will be described below.

Further will described in parts melting plant 4.

Melting plant 4 includes vertical cyclone melting furnace 15, chamber 17 afterburning, which is connected with upper part of vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 by means of connecting part 16, and kotlovuyu part 18, which is connected with outlet part of chamber 17 afterburning.

Vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 has a round section, and element 19 for discharging flue gas, having structure for throttling, is formed in upper part of vertical cyclone melting furnace 15. Other words, diameter vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 is decreased in one place in element 19 for discharging flue gas, and vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 extends upward with tapered shape for expansion and is connected with chamber 17 afterburning. Besides, element 20 for slag discharge is provided in the lower part of vertical cyclone melting furnace as shown on figs. 3, vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 includes substantially cylindrical wall 15a furnace and two gas duct 21 for pyrolysis gas, which is introduced pyrolysis gas 52 and which are made in horizontal flat sti in section of wall 15a furnace in predetermined places in direction upwards and downwards. Gas ducts 21 for pyrolysis gas are arranged so, that pyrolysis gas 52, introduced from gas ducts 21 for pyrolysis gas, is introduced in direction along tangent to circumference with, formed in vertical cyclone melting furnace. Besides, burner 22 with preliminary mixing are mounted on sections of gas ducts 21 for pyrolysis gas, which are connected with vertical cyclone melting furnace combustion air is in burner 22 with preliminary mixing of from nozzle holes, which are formed by on circumferential peripheral surfaces of burners 22 with preliminary mixing. As combustion air may be used air, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or the like. In this case excess air factor for burning may be in range from 0.9 to 1.1 and preferably be about 1.0. Exists possibility of stable maintaining of high temperature in the furnace by setting of air excess coefficient, as described above.

Since pyrolysis gas 52 and air for burning vduvayutsya into vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 after mixing with each other in burners 22 with preliminary mixing of previously, pyrolysis gas 52 and combustion air are mixed with each other in sufficient degree. Respectively, exists possibility of instantaneous burning of the pyrolysis gas 52 in furnace.

Chamber 17 afterburning is formed with square cross-section.

Connecting part 16, which diameter diminishes in the direction to element 19 for discharging flue gas, inconsistent in vertical cyclone melting furnace 15, is provided in lower end part of chamber 17 afterburning.

Since kettle part 18 is provided on output side flue gas from chamber 17 afterburning, heat is recycled heater (nepokazannym) or similar device, installed on stack. Smoke gas 62, penetrating through kotlovuyu part 18, passes through dust collector reaction type, device for catalytic reaction treatment and the like, which are provided downstream in the direction of, and is discharged into atmosphere by exhaust stack.

Furthermore, will are described channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas, which connects furnace 2, designed for gasification of in fluidized bed, with vertical cyclone melting furnace as described above, pyrolysis gas 52 is introduced in the vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 along channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas. In particular, element 23 for discharging pyrolysis gas, provided in furnace 2, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, and gas conduits 21 for pyrolysis gas, provided in the vertical cyclone melting furnace 15, are connected with each other by means of channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas. Channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas is branched off into two channels in the preset point from the inlet side (sides of furnace 2, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed) to output side (side of the vertical cyclone melting furnace 15), and two channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas, formed by branching of, are connected respectively to two gas conduits 21 for pyrolysis gas.

Besides, two otvetvlyayushchiesya of pipe 31a for pneumatic transportation of are connected with two channels 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas, formed at branching of, as described above. Respectively, finely ground non-combustible substance 59 are introduced into vertical cyclone melting furnace together with piroliznym gas 52.

Further will described functioning of 1 for gasification of and melting according to this version.

Wastes 51, which are fed from element b for inlet of wastes, are fed in furnace 2, designed for gasification of in fluidized bed, through device ba for discharging wastes in fixed amount and then are subjected to thermal decomposition and gasification. Respectively, wastes 51 are catalyst decomposed on gas, resin and coke (carbide). Resin represents component, which is liquid at temperature inside room, but is present in the form of gas in the furnace for gasification of.

Coke gradually of finely crushed to powder in fluidized bed and is introduced in melting installation 4 in the form of pyrolysis gas 52 together with gas and resin.

Besides, fluid medium separated from the noncombustible substances and fluid medium 53, which are produced from the element 7 for discharging incombustible substances, provided in furnace 2, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, by means of classifier 9 sand, iron is separated magnetic separator 10, and aluminium is separated with sorting device 11 for aluminum. After that non-combustible substance 57, which are placed in hopper 12, clipped feed device 13, designed for feeding of fixed amount of, and are introduced into machine 14 for formation of powder.

When finely ground non-combustible substance 59, which were subjected to fine grinding by means of machine 14 for formation of powder for production of particles size, component of 0.1 mm or less, are introduced into pipe 31 for pneumatic transportation from inlet part 34, finely ground non-combustible substance move in direction to outlet side together with air flow. After that finely ground non-combustible substance 59 is achieved curved part 35 and move upward along curved part 35, as shown arrow 59a. In this case materials, having high specific weight, such as metals, mixed with finely ground non-combustible substances 59, fall without further transportation of their together with air flow, and are lowered along the pipe 33 for removing metals, as shown arrow 59. Respectively, metals separated from of finely ground noncombustible substances 59, and only finely ground non-combustible substance 59, of which metals had been removed, are introduced into channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas.

After mixing with piroliznym gas 52, fed from furnace 2, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed, finely ground non-combustible substance 59, introduced in channel 3 for passage of pyrolysis gas, pass through burner 22 with preliminary mixing, are fed into vertical cyclone melting furnace 15 and are converted into molten slag.

In accordance with this version of realisation, finely ground non-combustible substance 59 move together with air flow, and metals, contained in the of finely ground noncombustible substances 59, separated during transportation/moving together with air flow.

Respectively, for example, need to in provision of presence of device, removes metal, such as vibration sieve, so that there is possibility of creating plant for gasification and melting with a lower cost.

Besides, since pyrolysis gas 52 and finely ground non-combustible substance 59 pass through burner 22 with preliminary mixing and into vertical cyclone melting furnace, there is possibility of preliminary heating pyrolysis gas 52 and finely ground noncombustible substances 59 in sufficient degree.

Besides, since size of particles of finely ground noncombustible substances 59 brought to 0.1 mm or less, may be made melting in smooth mode.

Besides, since pyrolysis gas and finely ground non-combustible substance 59 are introduced from two gas ducts 21 for pyrolysis gas, can be increased force swirling gas flow in vertical cyclone melting furnace 15. Besides, there is possibility of prevention of situation, at which finely ground non-combustible substance 59 are transferred in flue gas without trapping in vertical cyclone melting furnace 15, by means of intended for throttling structure of element 19 for discharging flue gas, provided in vertical cyclone melting furnace Besides, volume of invention does not is limited above mentioned version, invention can have different modification without waste of essence of the invention. For example, number of channel taps for passage of pyrolysis gas and number of gas ducts for pyrolysis gas are not limited by two and may be three or more.

List of for integrating reference positions 1: plant for gasification of and melting 2: furnace, intended for gasification of in fluidized bed 3: passage for pyrolysis gas 9: classifier for sand (sorting device) 10: magnetic separator (separator) 11: sorting device for aluminum (separator) 13: feeding device for feeding of fixed amount of (device for feeding of fixed amount of) 14: machine for formation of powder (crusher, designed for fine grinding) 15: vertical cyclone melting furnace 19: element for discharge of flue gas (throttling structural element) gas duct for pyrolysis gas burner with preliminary mixing device for displacement in air flow (device for transportation of in air flow pipe for pneumatic transportation blower pipe for of removing metals waste pyrolysis gas finely ground non-combustible substance