FORMWORK FOR PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE ARTICLES

The present invention relates to formwork for production of concrete articles and, in particular, articles with curved profile, for example, lining tunnels and the like.

More specifically, the invention relates to form, made with possibility of change curvature of at least one surface of the said articles.

In sector construction, in particular, construction objects infrastructure and buildings, formwork are used for production of concrete articles; concrete in liquid state is poured in these formwork for giving it desired form at solidifying.

These formwork, especially, those, that are used for production of large objects infrastructure, such as tunnels, bridges and the like, as a whole contain at least one rigid structural element, which supports retaining panel or sheet, called "shield".

Shield this part of formwork, which is in direct contact with stacking with concrete, and, consequently, is intended for giving geometric shape surface or surfaces article, which is in the contact with it.

In contrast from it, structural element is designed for carrying forces, applied to the surface of laying, on support frame. In opalubkakh for production of curved surfaces of structural element can also be used to and maintaining curvature panel, which forms surface.

For production of tunnels or other similar works, as a whole, a set of forms is placed side - about - side in direction, transverse direction of tunnel, so that different panel form curved and continuous surface, which passes along part or the whole perimeter side wall of said tunnel.

In accordance with known method of production of said forms, each of panels, which form shield, has preset shape or a fixed curvature.

As a whole, curvature of panel, as a rule, metal sheet, is set by rigid intermediate member, which is located between structural element and panel, or directly said structural element.

Said rigid intermediate element, at its availability, may contain plate, arranged in parallel to structural element, with curved outer edge, on which the inner surface of panel, or multiple posts, each of which has a specified length in accordance with curvature, which should accept panel.

Formwork, made so, are described, for example, in EP 1096105 A2, EP 2472057 α 2, of clayey 2014141083 A2 and of clayey 2014180841 A2.

Therefore these known formwork or at least some of their parts should be specially are constructed in accordance with technical requirements with respect to preset article (tunnel), to be construction, false as was to increase the costs, since they may not be repeatedly used, if not for identical tunnels, and time, since formwork must be arranged prior to beginning operations laying concrete.

In this area also are known universal formwork, T. E. arranged so, to change curvature panel for adaptation to profiles of tunnels with different technical requirements.

Known an example form of this type illustrated in the de 1902971 A1. More specifically, formwork has a supporting beam, which is connected to a panel, which can bent by means of threaded studs. So, due to regulation of length above said threaded pins can be imparting specific panel curvature. However this operation consuming significant amount of time due to necessity in twisting or loosening each threaded studs to desired profile. Such formwork also illustrated in document EP 2472057 A2.

Unlike it, in documents the de 4011907 A1 and de 3841579 A1 shown formwork, in which curvature of panel varies by means of hydraulic pistons or threaded pins, which are controlled by electric motors. However these system require considerable to increase the ny as production costs formwork, and costs for maintenance of. In reality, for production of preset curvature panel is required control system for operation control different drives, which effect on different point panel. Moreover, these reasons formwork, made so, are subjected failures, that can cause stopping or delay in production of article, results in considerable financial losses. Finally, presence of electric or electronic devices in some cases can to increase risk of accidents in case of faults.

In EP 1884608 A2 described is a formwork for production of curved surfaces, containing a supporting beam, rigidly connected to two points in the central region of panel, subject to that promote bending, and two hinge, connected with beam and with corresponding points of the edges of the panel, made with possibility of applying traction force in said points for bending panel. However limitation of freedom between central part of panel and beam forms limit achievement of reduced radius of curvature of, if only are not used elastic post, but they are not capable pellets ideal shape panel, when subjected to action pressure from concrete, especially in postroenii tunnels and the like.

In of Fr 2944541 A1 described is a system for production of forms with adjustable curvature, containing panel with front side and rear side, on which are attached reinforcing ribs, connected to each other by means of multiple clamps, made with possibility of reducing and increasing gap between said ribs for increase or decrease of curvature of front side panel.

Therefore in this area there is necessity in provision of formwork for production of concrete articles with curved profile, in particular, but without limiting, for lining tunnels and the like, which bridges would limiting equipment from level of technology.

In particular, the purpose of the present invention is offer form, which can be repeatedly used several times, for production of articles with deflected surfaces, with different profiles and curvature.

The purpose of the present invention also provision of formwork, which provides possibility of quick and practical operations for profile control and curvature panel.

Other purpose of the present invention is production of formwork, which provides possibility of producing different curvature produced panel, for example, with constant radius or with changing radius, symmetrically or asymmetric.

Other purpose of the present invention is production of formwork, provided with structurally simple and, as a result, the strong and reliable control mechanism.

One more to of the present invention provision of formwork, which is less than road as compared with the known formworks.

These and other target are achieved due to form, which has at least one structural support beam and at least one panel, connected with support beam, made with the possibility of bending around direction of curvature. More specifically, said direction of curvature cross and, preferably, perpendicularly to the main axis of passage of beam.

Above and then term "main axis of passage" relates to axis, oriented in the direction of larger size beam. In particular, said axis passes between ends of beam and essentially is parallel to surface of panel in flat or deformed state.

Beam according to invention may have any shape, optionally straight-line, for example, partially or completely curved, as is equal to and it may have with constant or variable shape and size.

Inner side panel is connected with beam by means of the adjusting device, while outer side is designed for receiving laid concrete.

According to invention said adjusting device is made with possibility of changing curvature of the panel between flat unstrained state and curved state, in which said outer surface of, as a rule, is convex. However formwork may be configured, additionally or exclusively, for producing of opposite curvature, T. E. with concave outer surface panel.

Moreover, adjusting device is designed for transmitting force, which laid concrete applies to panel, supporting beam.

In accordance with the first predominant aspect of control device is connected with panel in at least one intermediate point and at least in one point edge panel and operates simultaneously on said point for changing their positions relative to the beam.

Preferably, said point edge is located on or near external side edge panel, parallel to axis of curvature. As a whole, point edge is located at a distance from edge lower panel less than 40 cm and, preferably, less than 20 cm. Unlike it, said intermediate point can be any point, located between point edge and central line of panel, including the latter.

In case, if there is only one intermediate point, it, preferably, is on central line of panel. However intermediate points may be more than one, for example, two or more.

Then terms "intermediate point" and "edge point of" field limited area on panel near above the said point of and optionally to the specific point.

Displacement of at least said point edge and intermediate point causes bending panel at least in sections, located in between. More specifically, said edge point of and intermediate point move between position, in which they lie in one plane STI, when panel not is deformed, and the position, in which they lie in the deposed and parallel flat styakh.

So, device according to the present invention provides simplified operation bending, since movement of two above said points and, consequently, curvature, which is obtained from this, is simultaneously and mating and, preferably, predetermined way.

In accordance with aspect of on inner surface of panels are located post, passing along the part or the whole length of panel in direction, parallel to direction of curvature.

More accurately, panel is provided with said posts at least in one point edge and at least in said one intermediate point.

Adjusting device is made with the possibility of connection with said posts such, to distribute force, exerted to panel along the whole or part of its length, and to prevent its bending also in direction, cross desired direction.

In accordance with aspect of the control device has at least one drive mechanism, made with possibility of creating simultaneous movement at least intermediate point along direction, cross-axis beam passage, and points edge along direction, which is essentially parallel to or with at least one component, parallel to said axis passage.

Starting from not deformed state panel, when intermediate point moves in side from beam, and edge point of moves to beam or central line of panel, outer surface of panel receives convex curvature. In case of movement of above mentioned points in corresponding opposite directions this curvature, instead, reduced up to zero or, if necessary, becomes reverse.

In accordance with preferable version of realization drive mechanism, in this force, is made for applying pressure outside to said intermediate point simultaneously with tie-rod to central line in point edge or vice versa.

In accordance with preferable version this mechanism has mechanically mutually connected elements, made with possibility of call simultaneous movement at least said intermediate points and the said point of edge. Preferably, said mutually connected elements contain essentially mechanical members, T. E. not electric or electromechanical.

Device, made so, is more reliable and useful for long-term operation in the conditions, which are raw, contaminated, zamusorennymi and T. d. Device also is more safety in operation in the conditions, in which there is a risk of fire, explosion and T. d.

In accordance with some preferable realization versions of this mechanism has gear, hinge system or system, which is combination of above translation.

In accordance with aspect of drive mechanism has control element, to which may be applied force, or moving, or torque, or rotation, that to cause displacement of intermediate and at points. In accordance with possible version of these force or displacement, preferably, but optionally, are in direction, which is essentially cross or substantially parallel to axis passage of support beam.

These force or displacement are transmitted from drive mechanism at least an intermediate point and point edge for shifting points and bending panel. These displacement and rotation, if necessary, vary in width and are converted there, where it is necessary, for example, in case of rotary movement control element, which is converted into displacement of points panel.

Therefore due to action on one control element it is possible to cause simultaneous movement of at least two or more, or, if necessary, all points of panel relative to the beam, its curving. Therefore drive mechanism is made for giving desired curvature part or whole surface of panel, giving to the control element.

In accordance with aspect of control device may contain a pair of drive mechanisms, each of which acts on at least one intermediate point of the panel and point edge corresponding opposite side edges. Preferably, said intermediate point and points edge are symmetrical relative to central line panel.

Said drive mechanisms can be controlled matched way so, to produce panel profile, which has symmetrical curvature relative to central line, or, independently, to produce profile, which has asymmetric and curvature differs for two sides of panel.

According to other aspect of drive mechanism has at least one the first drive element, connected with intermediate point, and at least one second driving element, connected with point of edge. Said first and second drive members are connected with each other by means transfer element.

As a whole, control element is connected to one of said drive members, which, at reciprocal connection, provides possibility of transfer action, force or displacement, applied to control element, to several points of panel.

In version the first drive element comprises the first slider, sliding in direction, which is substantially perpendicular to axis of beam passage, and the second drive element contains second slide, sliding in direction, which is essentially parallel to said axis passage. Therefore above said direction of sliding essentially are perpendicular to each other.

Said slides are mounted on beam by means of guides, bushings or the like.

Moreover, slides directly or indirectly are connected with panel, more accurately, in intermediate point and in the point edge, to cause their displacement for changing curvature panel.

As a rule, sliders are connected with posts, located in corresponding intermediate and at points.

Slider may be is connected with the stand by means of hinge or two specified member may simply rely on one another. As a rule, the first slider, which acts in intermediate point, simply rests on post, when the second slider, which acts in point edge, is hinge secured on corresponding post.

In the first version realization transmitting element contains the first and second toothed rack, which are connected accordingly with the first and second slider, and at least one gear wheel or one gear, made with the possibility of on beam, which is engaged with both above said toothed racks.

Therefore displacement of two sliders mutually are limited relative to each other said gear. In particular, movement of first slider to inner side of panel corresponds to movement of the second slider to central line panel and vice versa.

Due to application of direct pressure in direction to inner surface of panel to the first slide intermediate point moves from beam, while edge point of moves to central line. Therefore panel surface deformed convex way. In this version control element is connected with lower end of the first slider or is its part.

In version, is provided in which two drive mechanism, they, preferably, are located symmetrically relative to central line of panel.

Due to applying pressure to both the first sliders it is possible full curvature panel. Above mentioned first slides may also be are made as a whole with each other, for example, by means of rods or the like, so, that due to action on one point of pressure application it is possible identical displacement of all sliders and, consequently, full and symmetrical curvature panel.

In accordance with another version of the invention the first and second toothed racks can be connected by means of gear transmission. In this case it is possible to introduce transmission ratio between by moving the first and second slider. Due to replacement of some or all of said gear it is possible to change gear ratio for production of different geometries profile panel, for example, constant-radius or variable radius, in accordance with requirements.

In accordance with another version of the invention the control device has drive mechanism, provided with the first slider, connected with panel in an intermediate point, and two second sliders, each of which is connected in point edge.

In this version mechanism has at least one pair of gear or gear transmission, which simultaneously engage on the rack of the first slider and on two gear racks two second sliders. Also, in this case movement of first slider causes equal and opposite movement of two second sliders.

In accordance with another version of the invention transmitting element comprises the first conical gear wheel, single in rotation with said first slider, and the second conical gear wheel, which is engaged with the first gear wheel. The first slider is made for rotation around axis, coinciding with or parallel to the direction of sliding.

Second gear wheel rotates together with threaded pin and both rotate around axis, parallel to the direction of sliding of the second slider. Lead screw, which is engaged with threaded pin, is mounted on the second slide. Therefore rotation of threaded studs causes displacement of the second slider along direction of sliding.

Preferably, the first slider has shaft, outer surface of which is provided with profile, sliding in the first gear wheel along its rotation axis.

Said shaft can, for example, have channeled profile or much charcoal section, for example, square, rectangular or hexagonal, in any case not round, for, to be connected with respective seat in the first conical gear wheel and limit rotation of said elements.

In this version control element is connected to said first slider or is made with it as a whole. Preferably, control element comprises a threaded pin, which can be screwed in seat beam. Said pin is made with the possibility of displacement, as a result of this tightening or release, along direction, parallel direction of sliding of the first slider. As a rule, threaded pin is connected with lower end of shaft.

Due to applying torque or rotation in one direction to control element, T. E. threaded shearoff pin, the first slider, T. E. shaft, rotates and simultaneously exerts pressure in direction of inner surface of panel. Simultaneously, the first gear wheel, the first swivel slider, rotates the second gear wheel and threaded stud. This threaded pin, in its turn, causes movement of lead screw and, consequently, displacement of the second slider in the direction of central line of panel.

Such approach intermediate point of panel moves from beam, while edge point of moves to central line for production of convex curvature outer surface of panel.

During rotation of control element in opposite direction convex curvature of reduced or, if necessary, reverse is made.

In accordance with another version of the invention drive mechanism has hinge-attached rods, connected with control element.

More specifically, the said drive mechanism has:

- first rod, articulated to panel in intermediate point;

- the second rod, articulated to a panel in the point edge;

- the third rod, pivotally attached to support beam and, in intermediate point, to the first rod.

More accurately, said first rod and said second rod are connected with posts, located, respectively, in intermediate point and in the point edge.

Control element is connected to the second rod and with the third rod and can move along direction, which is essentially parallel to the axle beam.

In aspect of control element contains sliding post or, preferably, threaded stud, which can be vkruchena in support, connected with beam.

When said control element moves to central line panel, it causes displacement of the second rod, which, in its turn, applies pulling action to point of edge, which moves to central line panel, its curving. As a rule, said edge point of moves to beam also in direction, which is essentially cross axis passage.

In accordance with geometric heights of three rods the third rod may rotate, moving first rod a bigger or smaller degree, which, in its turn, can moved intermediate point of the panel. Said movement can take place aside from or, if necessary, also to beam. In any case, curvature panel is created due to relative movement of the said intermediate and at points.

Change of geometrical heights of rods and hinge points also provides production of curvature panel with constant or variable radius.

Also, in accordance with this version, adjusting mechanisms may be activated independently separate control members or by this method, which coordinated one control element, for production of symmetrical curvature panel.

Additional features and advantages of the present invention will become more understandable from description coded preferable, but not excluding, version of realization of formwork, one shown on accompanying shapes, on which:

- figure 1 is a type of in front formwork in accordance with version with panel in flat or deformed state;

- figure 2 is a type of formwork by Figure 1 with curved panel;

- figure 3 is a type of in front formwork in accordance with another version of the invention with panel in flat or deformed state;

- figure 4 is a type of formwork by Figure 3 with curved panel;

- figure 5 is a form of in front formwork in accordance with one more version with panel in flat or deformed state;

- fig.. 6 is a type of formwork by Figure 5 with curved panel;

- fig.. 7 is a type of in front formwork in accordance with one more version of the invention with curved panel;

- fig.. 8 is a type of in front formwork in accordance with one more version of the invention with curved panel;

- figure 9 is a type of in front formwork in accordance with one more version of the invention with curved panel;

- figure 10 is a type of in front formwork in accordance with one more version of the invention with curved panel;

- fig.. 11 is a type of in front of equipment for production of curved articles, containing formwork in accordance with version by Figure 3.

Recalling the accompanying figure, position 1 is indicated as a whole formwork for production of concrete articles or equivalent building materials, having at least one curved surface.

Formwork 1 has at least one a supporting beam 10 and at least one panel 20, which determines the "shield", made for giving curved shape of said surface of article.

In illustrated example beam 10 has straight profile, which passes along main axis X preferably, said profile has constant cross-section, for example, with double UPN-section with location of butt, or other shape, which are generally accepted in engineering mechanics and construction.

So, is represented possible field of ready to use of materials, shipped majority suppliers, limiting production costs.

However beam may have any shape, for example, partially or completely curved or with one or more deflected sides. In this case axis of passage of X is located in direction of maximum size beam and is parallel to panel 20, when the latter is flat.

Preferably, beam 10 is made from metal or other metals, suitable for holding stresses, transmitted stacking with concrete on panel. In accordance with the arrangement of the formwork during use, these force are generated hydro static pressure of laying or, in case of manufacturing vaults gallery, tunnel or the like, also its weight.

Panel 20 has flat, having the thickness, which changes depending on material, from which it is made. As a rule, panel is made from metal, for example, steel, but also can be made from wood or laminated plastic materials. In any case, thickness is such, that possibility of using panel without damage and, at the same time, to withstand pressure, applied laying, without deformation.

As a rule, panel 20 is rectangular or square shape with front edge 21 and rear edge, which does not visible on figure, parallel axis X beam 10, and also two side edges 22a, 22 [22 [], which essentially are perpendicular to said X axis.

Dimensions of panel 20 change in accordance with requirements. As a whole, panel has width in X direction, which is between 0.3 metre and 3 metres, and length, which is between 0.5 metre and 6 metres.

Depending on length of panel 20, formwork 1 can contain one beam 10, for example, in the center of the panel in the direction of length, two beams 10, located respectively on front and rear edges of panel, or additional beam 10, located between said front and rear edges.

Panel 20 is connected with beam on inner surface of 23 [23 [], which faces down on accompanying shapes. In contrast from it, outer surface of 23a is designed for contact with stacking with concrete.

As was already as indicated earlier, panel 20 is connected with beam 10 by means of the adjusting device, which as a whole marked position 30, which ensures possibility to as changes of curvature of the panel 20 around cross-direction of Y relative to X axis beam 10, so and transfer forces, applied laying to said beam.

In illustrated example panel 20, starting from flat or not deformed state, which may be see on Figure 1, 3, 5 and 7, may be bent so, to outer surface of 23a became convex, as seen on fig.. 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 10.

This curvature can be continuous or not, and also may include the whole or part of said outer surface of 23a.

In accordance with the version of the invention, illustrated on fig.. 1 - 6, control device 30 has first drive mechanism 31a and second drive mechanism 31 [31 [].

Each drive mechanism has at least one first driving element 32, connected with panel 20 in intermediate point 24a, 24 [24 [], and at least one second drive element 33, connected with panel in point edge 25a, 25 [25 [].

In the first version of the invention, illustrated on Figure 1 and 2, the first drive element comprises the first slider 32, mounted in the guide 12 on beam 10. Said guide 12 allows slide 32 slide along direction of Za essentially cross and, preferably, perpendicular to X axis beam 10.

The second drive element has second slider 33 installed in the corresponding guide 13 on beam 10. Guide 13 allows slide 33 slide along direction of Xa, which is essentially parallel to axis X beam 10.

By moving sliders 32, 33 controls transmitting element, which includes two toothed racks 34, 35, each of which is connected with slider, arranged with the possibility of joint action with gear wheel 36, hinged on beam 10. Since module toothed rack and the gear identical to, two slider 32, 33 are limited in movement of the same amplitude in corresponding directions Za, Xa.

Preferably, the first slider 32 has lower part 32a, which protrudes from the lower side beam 10 and which may be connected with control element, not surmounted on figure, on which or by means of which to the first slide 32 is applied pressure. Said control element can contain part of said slider, in subject case - lower end of, or may be a separate element, which acts together with the said first slider.

In contrast from it, upper end of 32 [32 [] slider 32 lies on an intermediate point 24a, 24 [24 [] panel 20.

In accordance with preferable version post 26a, 26b, 27a, 27 [27 [] are located on inner surface of 23 [23 [] panel 20, preferably, passing along the whole length of panel 20 between the front edge and rear edge. Said posts may contain profiles with hollow, open or solid section, preferably, made of metal or wood, or other sufficiently strong materials.

According to invention said post 26a, 26b, 27a, 27 [27 [] are attached to panel at least in corresponding intermediate points 24a, 24 [24 [] and in points edge 25a, 25 [25 [].

In illustrated version on the upper end of 32 [32 [] slider 32 is attached corner support of 37, made with possibility of entering in contact with and supports on the lower part of post 24a, 24 [24 [].

Screw 37 [37 [] is installed on said angular support 36 and is made with possibility for control of projection of a bigger or smaller degree in direction of one side of the post 26a, 26 [26 [] for preventing any transverse movements panel 20.

In contrast from it, second slider 33 is hinged to post 27a, 27 [27 [] in points of edge 25a, 25 [25 [].

When the first slider changes into direction Za to inner surface of 23 [23 [] panel 20, for example, by applying force to the lower end of 32 [32 [], intermediate point 24a, 24 [24 [] is pushed out towards from beam 10, up Figure 2.

Simultaneously gear wheel 36, which is engaged with both toothed racks 34, 35, rotates, tyanya second slider 32 to central line panel 20, which, in its turn, moves the point edge 25a, 25 [25 [].

Produced effect is curvature of panel 20, in which outer surface of 23a is convex.

When both drive mechanism 31a, 31 b of operate programmers, displacement intermediate points and points edge are symmetrical relative to central line panel, as in example by Figure 2.

Due to applying force in opposite direction to the first sliders 32, said first and second sliders are in corresponding opposite directions, reducing curvature panel 20.

As a whole, panel is sufficient to provide for the possibility return in flat or non-deformed state, when force F is removed, as shown on shapes.

Along this cause of drive mechanism 31a, 31 [31 [], preferably, is provided with blocking means for limiting displacement of at least the first slider 32 after achieving desired curvature.

On Figure 3 and 4 is shown version formwork by Figure 1 and 2.

Operation of drive mechanism substantially identical to described above.

However in this case two toothed racks are connected gear transmission 36a, 36 [36 [], 36c. The first gear 36a, pivotally attached to beam 10, is engaged with toothed rack 34 of the first slider 32. Second gear 36 [36 [] is installed coaxially and is unified in rotation with said first gear 36a. The third gear 36c is engaged with said second gear 36 [36 [] and with rack 35 of the second slider 33.

Gear ratio between by moving the first and second sliders in this case may differ from 1. depending on the number of teeth different gear possible changing of said ratio for production of curvature with constant radius or, if necessary, with variable radius.

On Figure 5 and 6 is shown other preferable variant, in which is provided other transmitting element.

In this version drive mechanism 31a, 31b also contains first slider 32, sliding along direction of Za, which is essentially cross and, preferably, perpendicular to X axis beam 10, and second slider 33, sliding along direction of Xa, which is essentially parallel to axis X beam 10. Sliders are connected, respectively, with corresponding intermediate points 24a, 24 [24 [] and points of edge 25a, 25 [25 [].

In this version the first slider 32 is presented in the form of splined shaft or equivalent shape, made for rotation around axis of Za.

Said spline shaft rotates together with the first bevel gear wheel 39a and slides relative to it along axis Za. First bevel gear 39a, in its turn, is engaged with second bevel gear 39 [39 [], which rotates around axis, parallel to the direction of sliding of the second Xa slider 33. Second cone gear wheel 39 [39 [] is connected and rotates together with the threaded pin methoclopramide, which, in its turn, is engaged with lead screw 39d, mounted on second slide 33.

Lower end of splined shaft 32 is connected with threaded pin 38a, which is made for screwing into corresponding to seat 38 [38 [], made on beam or fixed to it. Said threaded pin 38a acts as a control element. Preferably, the said threaded pin 38a rotates together with splined shaft 32.

So, due to rotation of threaded pin 38a in one direction spline shaft 32 rotates around axis Za, and performs exerts pressure in direction to inner surface of panel. Rotation splined shaft is transmitted on threaded stud methoclopramide by means of two conical gear wheels 39a, 39 [39 []. This threaded pin methoclopramide, in its turn, together giving with lead screw 39d, controls displacement of the second slider 33 in direction to central line of panel.

On fig.. 7 - 8 is shown another variant of formwork according to invention.

In this version drive mechanism 41, 42 has first rod 43, pivotally attached one end of 43 'to post 26a, 26 [26 [], and the second rod 44, pivotally attached one end 44' to post 27a, 27 [27 []. The third rod 45 is hinged one end of 45' to beam 10, and opposite end 45 "- to the other end 44" of the second rod 44. Said third rod 45 in intermediate point is hinged to end 43" of the first rod 43.

Ends 44 "and 45" of the second rod and the third rod are connected with control element 47, containing threaded stud 47a, made with possibility of twisting-in into threaded bushing 14, mounted for rotation on beam 10.

Rotation bushing 14 around axis Xa, parallel to axis X beam 10, causes movement of threaded studs 47a along said axis to the side from or to central line of panel 20.

Said movement, in its turn, moves rods 43, 44, 45, changing position intermediate points and points edge, curving panel 20.

In version, illustrated on fig.. 7 and 8, threaded studs 47a both drive mechanisms 41, 42 are enclosed in one and the same bushing 14. Rotation of said bushing 14 causes simultaneous displacement of threaded pins 47a in opposite directions to provide for symmetrical curvature panel 20.

In accordance with another version, which does not is shown, control element can contain threaded unit, connected with ends of 44 "and 45" of the second rod and the third rod. Unlike it, threaded pin 47a is enclosed in support for rotation around axis of Xa. In accordance with this version of rotation of threaded studs 47a causes movement of threaded unit, as a result, of the second rod 44 and third rod 45, and, consequently, of the first rod 43.

Therefore movement of threaded pins 47a can be matched or independent for of producing asymmetric sections of curvature.

On Figure 9 is shown another variant of formwork 1 according to invention. Adjusting device 30 has one drive mechanism 31, connected with post 26a in intermediate point 24a and with two posts 27a, 27 [27 [] in corresponding points edge 25a, 25 [25 [].

More specifically, drive mechanism 31 contains the first slider 32, mounted in the guide 12 on beam 10, made with possibility of sliding along direction Za, which is essentially cross and, preferably, perpendicular to X axis of said beam 10. Drive mechanism additionally has pair of second sliders 33, each of which is installed in the corresponding guide 13 on beam 10 and slides along direction of Xa, which is essentially parallel to axis X of said beam 10.

The first slider 32 and second slides 33 are connected, respectively, with post 26a and with posts 27a, 27 [27 [].

Two toothed racks 34, connected with the first slider 32, are connected by means of pairs of gear 36 with corresponding toothed racks 35 on each second slide 33.

In this version the first slider 32 and two second slider 33 are limited so, can be performed movement with one and the same amplitude in corresponding directions Za, Xa, second slides 33 - in opposite directions relative to each other.

In this variant, which more simpler as compared with previous versions, it is possible full and symmetrical curvature panel 20 by moving the first slider 32 in direction of Za.

The same version can also be implemented by supply of drive mechanism 31 pair of gear transmission instead of gear 36.

On Figure 10 is shown one more simplified version of the formwork 1 according to the present invention. In this variant the adjusting mechanism has drive mechanism 31, connected with post 26a in intermediate point 24a and, more accurately, on central line of panel 20, and also with post 27a in point edge 25a.

Unlike it, post 27 [27 [] in opposite point edge 25 [25 [] hinge is attached to beam 10.

Drive mechanism 31 essentially identical to like in version, illustrated on Figure 1 and 2.

The first slider 32 and second slider 33 are connected by means of gear 36 or by means of gear transmission, as those, that are described earlier.

In contrast from other versions of, in this variant the only one from two points edge is connected with drive mechanism 31, which acts by moving its along direction of Xa, which is essentially parallel to axis X beam 10. In contrast from them, point hinge between stand 27 [27 [] and beam 10 remains fixed.

Therefore deformation panel 10 due to pressure of the first slider 32 in intermediate point 24a and simultaneous traction by point edge 25a second slider 33 in direction of opposite edge of panel 20.

On fig.. 11 is shown an example equipment 100 for production of article, in this case of R lining tunnel of G, where it equipment 100 has several forms 1 in accordance with version by Figure 3 and 4, which are connected with each other. Equipment is made with formworks in accordance with any from described variants.

Connection of two ends of adjacent forms 1, preferably, realized by means of plates 101. In said plates 101 is made at least one hole 102 and at least one slot 103 to provide for the possibility compounds beams with each other in different angular positions and provision of, in any case, adhesion side edges of adjacent panels 20 for forming continuous shield with uniform curvature.

Stages in the course of laying, formwork 101 are supported by support frame 104 known type, which schematised is indicated on figure.

From offered above description can be see, that formwork, made according to the present invention, provides more simple and fast adjustment of curvature panel compared to that in known systems, controlled manually.

Due to simultaneous applying pressure and pulling actions in at least one intermediate point and at least one point edge can be reduced manually performed actions of managing, which should be made operator for formwork for the given operation.

At first two variants, fig.. 1 - 4, sufficiently displacing both the first slider 32 simultaneously, for example, by means of pressure or by other method for production of continuous and constant curvature panel on the whole outer surface.

This same operation may be made in versions by Figure 9 and 10, moving one first slider 32 for uniform bending above external surface of panel.

This adjustment of curvature may be made on the ground before installation forms on support frame 104 or further prior to laying.

In the second case, if necessary, can be applied pressure to sliders 32, using moving members, provided in the frames and, as a rule, used for adaptation of said frames to size and to form tunnel.

Unlike it, in version by Figure 5 and 6 sufficiently effect on control element, T. E. of rotation of threaded pins 38a, until desired curvature.

Also, in version by fig.. 7 and 8 it is possible rotation bushing for bending of the panel to desired profile.

Mainly, drive mechanisms in all versions may be provided with indicators, connected with movable parts, which are made for indicating the radius of curvature of, achievable panel, if it is constant. This makes field formwork more practical and fast.

Due to the, that formwork according to invention has completely mechanical devices, it is strong, reliable and inexpensive in manufacture.

Moreover, due to drive mechanism, which acts simultaneously and matched way on several points panel, bending operation is more simple and fast for as compared with formworks level of technology.

The invention was described in illustration and limited purposes in accordance with some preferable versions of its realization. City in the given engineering can allows much numeric other versions realization and variation, all of which are in frames volume protection presented below of the formula of invention.