Process of treatment per sublimation or evaporation of a matter, device and installation for its implementation.

Processing method by sublimation or evaporation of a material, device and system for its implementation

The present invention relates to treatment with subli -

the evaporation matron D.^T material, but more particularly/a liquid such as water, seawater, fresh water, wastewater oîi attempt is made to remove or to recover at least a portion of the solids contained therein. Preferentially, the heat source adapted to cause the material to a temperature of sublimation or evaporation, is solar radiation, .

In a possible embodiment of the implementation of the method, a device is provided which may be used for the treatment of melon, mainly, desalinate or recover or obtain the salt, and " course for both reasons together.

The goals of the invention are therefore very varied and the method can have a number of devices and finally a

the VPS complement except ' acts a solution remarkable,

installed an apparatus for regenerating a floor includes a high percentage of salt making it uneducated or of very low value.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that

causes the material to be treated to pass through capillarity traet gritty,

to a permeable zone/ç'est to say for diffusing material and terminated by an area sensor plane heat which forms at least the inclined bottom of a chamber or heating zone, plane facing a heat source, and part of the sublimated material or evaporated or steam that is condensed in at least one chamber or a condensation zone, which is placed outside of the direct action of the heat source, and chamber or condensing zone maintained at a temperature lower than that of the chamber or heating zone, and any excess material ïïon evaporated being moved by flowing the planes or sublimation or evaporation to a lower channel which can be reached directly by the heat source so as to, continuing or completing at least partially the sublimation or evaporation of the material and recovering the solid elements.

More particularly the invention is however related to the evaporation of? liquids and the device therefor will be described below, device or set of devices which, arranged, will facilitate a complete installation processing to obtain fresh water partially or almost completely free from salts or other bacteria, which will allow fresh water desalinizing land adjoining and so on in successive cycles, to completely regenerate a ground.

Conversely, the facility could be designed to obtain or recover e.g. salt in the case of treating the seawater, but or to recover waste solid parts.

In order to better understand the invention, it is now describes relative to a drawing so as illustrative:

figure 1, a schematic overview in a section in a device for implementing the method according to the invention;

figure 2, a schematic map of a plant for seawater desalination;

figure 3, a schematic view in plan of a system for regenerating a ground;

figure 4, a sectional view along the line VI-VI of Figure 3.

1 To Figure, is shown

by 1, a canopy, heating surface, through which will be able to pass the solar rays;

by 2, cellular concrete, concrete-like "Ytong", which has well capillarity, but could be of any material porous and permeable and for example simply sand forming a capillary mass;

by 3, s evaporators formed generally by a plate 3a absorbent heat and thus for example a black plate perforated or other material permeable and absorbent which on its outside will collect the salt, plate 3a at the rear of which will place a filter in the case of OH the porous and permeable mass is sand and this to prevent it from entering the apparatus because the cellular concrete jois this role;

by 4, the heating chamber which is bounded above by the canopy 1 and laterally by the evaporators 3 arranged inclined;

by 5, both condenser chambers that are beyond the reach of the action of the solar rays, condensing chambers terminating below by a piece 5a boxed-in series that will recover treated water;

by 6, a central portion fixed to the platform or a channel in which is generally placed a filter 7, this channel will win the non-evaporated water that could possibly be cast of the evaporators 3 for example as the result of a feed for a too much fluid, as well as the solid material which could be flush over the evaporator plate 3a and fall by gravity.

As clearly shown there is preferably provided that the evaporators 3 are extended downwardly by a portion 3b which tend to perform somewhat like a funnel above the channel 6. As the channel 6 is located directly under the action of the solar rays, if the central channel 6 collects D._I runoff water evaporators 3, it may also by superheating evaporate and the filter 7 will collect additional solid material.

To obtain the condensation effect, - the chambers 5 must be maintained at a temperature substantially below that to celfe of heating chamber 4 with which they communicate; to obtain this cooling, it is suggested that at least a portion of walls of the chamber 5 is in contact for example with L^{the R} an incoming water 8, it is to say the water still to be processed or at least a part of the ground 9 always strong-.ment moistened water which at that level will not reaches an elevated temperature.

Especially if the device is used to treat the seawater (as shown), tidal, water will reach into the ground 9" a height has to high tide, and then down to a height substantially below b to low tide; to limit ingress of water drawn by capillary action through the bulk of cellular concrete 2, is provided on the outer frame 10 of the device, a slot 11 in which may be dragged from bottom to top a strip 12 forming a wall which is moveable down more and more depending on the level of the water rising in the ground 9. These strips 12 are also intended more generally, adjusting the apparatus depending on for example the greater of lesser heating effect.

These strips 12 will even quit completely from water ingress for example at night, when it is desired to remove the optional filter 7, cleaning certain parts, recover the solid matter, c... These strips 12 are placed beyond the capillary mass 2. Preferably as shown, the canopy is provided (as shown) inclined so as to be more easily automatically or not, cleaning the outer face by a water jet, pipe 13, what will be e.g. necessary for a device placed in the sand one range to obtain desalinated water; this may be the case also for a device placed-in the earth.

In a preferred form, there is provided a slot (not shown) with a funnel at both ends apparatuses or rows of appliances, as well as a drum also at each end, so as to provide a filter 7 in continuous; a drum unwinding the filter 7 nine (or cleaned), the other drum winding the filter 7 fouled (cleaning) so that you do not need to open the at least one row.

Although not shown, it is not surprising that the device includes an output to one end troughs 5a condensation collects the treated water, preferably also an output is provided for the residual water collected by the channel 6 and which could not be evaporated.

It is expressly intended to maintain an air inlet in the device to maintain an air stream, to avoid overheating but also in order to promote heat exchanges and create the necessary conditions for obtaining the condensation after evaporation.

The device represented in Figure 1 and described is more particularly intended, on the one hand, the treatment of seawater and in function, as heating means, solar rays; and designing cepéndant that the method can be used for other purposes and with other means of radiation that the sun's rays and other therefore that solar heat and/or other cooling means that the water still to be processed, which will drive modifications of the device. Similarly there may be created within the device depression that may promote evaporation.

Referring to Figure 2, there is shown a facility for desalination of sea water and which is composed of a number of rows of devices 14 which are as shown in Figure 1 the sputtering, "' which was connected by a certain name&EGR pipe 15 connected to the outputs of the treated water, lines 15 which lead by natural flow treated water in a reservoir 16 which itself is connected to a storage tank 17. In order to bring the treated water stored in this tank 17 PGCs, interposed between it and the tank corapen ina, a pump 18 of the type e.g. solar pump, héliothermiquei sensor is also provided (not shown) placed between the two reservoirs 16, 17, a check system so that, when the device is slowed or stopped, it does not produce emptying of the pump solar or solar thermal sensor.

In practice will be only visible, the canopies and the storage tank, all other elements are buried in the ground. Of course, locating the installation can not at the seashore but recessed; only by providing trenches covered (or pipes) feed of sea water.

It is particularly evident that different arrangements of will be taken; EC depending on the situation encountered, may indeed be in. medium not sandy but rock.

Referring to Figures 3 and 4, are then utilized device rows 19 of the type as shown in Figure 1 and described above for regenerating a sol comprising an excessively high percentage of salt; in this case it is of course to obtain the next cycle: the soil to be treated is sprayed with water which takes over the salt and becomes the water to be treated by the devices 19; then after having extracted the salt, is returned to the fresh water into the soil and creates a new cycle or simply then, the soil is sufficiently regenerated ^ ôn causes sea water or the like and after treatment, use is made of the treated water for sprinkling the ground regenerated.

Figures 3 and 4 is still represented by the ducts 20 recovering the treated water that leads to a storage tank 21 via sensors photothermal 22, treated water which may then be sent in the ground regenerate by the pipelines 23 because it may be finally that a simple watering since the ground would be completely regenerated, a pipeline 24 being provided for causing the water of the first cycle at device 19, either directly for example of salt water or treated to that device 19.

By referring to these drawings 3 and 4, it is shown that is intended to be placed the device arrays 19 at a distance from each other (from one another) and e.g. 10 meters, to prevent evaporation of water near-immediate soil cultivation (or spray), preferably,

- is for covering the soil to be at a certain height with displays, using sheet 25 laid on an armature 26 partially inserted into the ground.

In the case where (non-represents). a device or series of devices are provided for treating wastewater (e.g. the industrial water), the partial or total degritting recover or not some solids, it is not necessary to bury the device in the. soil but, simply L-th partially dipping into a pool containing water (or other liquids) to be treated.

The invention is therefore not limited to the method, device and an installation will require different adaptations in accordance with the purpose and the processed material.

The operation of the device (see Figure 1) is particularly simple, water (or other liquid) in soil, sand from the beach or even in a large container (e.g. for the treatment of waste water), also rises by capillary action within the permeable member and granular wherein it is e.g. the ground, or the complementary element created when, for example the concrete mass capillary (according to arrow 27, fig. 1);

the liquid seeps into the ground, passes by the evaporators overheated, thus evaporates instantaneously. This steam, through the motion of air, will reach the lower parts and the condensing chambers (fig. 1, arrow 28).

In its shape, the device as shown in Figure 1, is particularly variable and for example of square shaped, rectangular, height proportionally higher or not; will be appreciated just at a single evaporator and inclined side and also provided with a single condensing chamber but all this does nothing to change the principle defined herein and remains within the scope of the claims which are to follow.

Incidentally to an installation according to the invention, provision may be made for creating a compensation basin the water to be treated, so as to maintain a constant height of the arrival of the water to be treated.

If the treated water intended for human or animal consumption, to render it more readily assimilated, can create a waterfall in the storage tank so as to oxygenate the recovered fresh water.

Further, for example to increase the intensity of radiation, can be perfectly predict the concentration of sunshine and achieving increasing availability to heating.