Dichloroethane prodn from ethylene and chlorine - - with high-temp and low-temp stages

Dichloroethane (I) is produced by (a) introducing gaseous ethylene and Cl2 into boiling (I) contg. a chlorination catalyst, the amt. of the cl2 being sufficient to convert >=17, pref. 17-50, % of the ethylene; (b) cooling the gaseous prodt. to separate (I) from unreacted ethylene; (c) rectifying the (I); (d) reacting the ethylene in (I) contg. a chlorination catalyst at 0-40 degrees C with sufficient Cl2 for complete conversion; and (e) recycling the prodt. from (d) to stage (a). The catalyst is pref. FeCl3, used in a concn. of 0.05-3wt.%. The presence of ethylene in the reaction mixt. of stage (a) suppresses the formation of highly chlorinated prodts., allowing >=98% selectively to (I) to be achieved. (I) is used as a solvent and as an inter., e.g. for vinyl chloride and ethylene diamine.

PROCEDE DE PURIFICATION DU TETRACHLORURE DE TITANE.

Process for producing lysates from microorganisms

Microorganisms suspended in water are subjected to a thermal shock by spray-drying, and the resulting product is subjected to autolysis. Drying temperatures from 150 DEG to 400 DEG C with contact times from 1 to 40 seconds are indicated. Application to the production of nutrient proteins from microorganism cultures.

Process for preparing polyoxymethylenes

PROCEDIMENTO BY MIGLIORARE UNA COMPOSIZIONE COMPRENDENTE UNA RESINA FENOLICA NOVOLACCA, ADATTA BY LO STAMPAGGIO AD INIEZIONE, IN FORMA DI GRANULI.

Process for the preparation of a catalyst for the oxidation of propylene and acrolein, and its use for the preparation of acrylic acid and acrolein

Catalyst for the oxidation of propylene and acrolein. The catalyst is prepared by precipitation from soluble salts of silver and molybdenum in quantities such as to obtain a molar silver oxide/molybdenum oxide ratio of 0.1 to 2.0, in the precipitate after drying and activation in air at 300 DEG -600 DEG C. Use in the production of acrylic acid and acrolein by vapour-phase oxidation of acrolein and/or propylene.

Process for preparing o-cresol and 2,6-xylenol

A process is described in which phenol and methanol in the form of a gaseous stream are reacted at 200-400 DEG C in a fluidised bed of granular eta , gamma or chi -alumina having a surface area of 100 to 500 m<2>/g and a total pore volume of 0.3 to 0.6 ml/g, the said alumina having been pretreated for at least 2 hours with an inert gas stream at a temperature above 450 DEG C but below 550 DEG C. The process would allow improved control of the progress of the reaction and would reduce the need for frequent catalyst regenerations.

Process for the preparation and simultaneous stabilisation of polyoxymethylenes

Monomeric anhydrous formaldehyde, fed to a reaction medium containing an inert organic solvent which is a non-solvent for the polyoxymethylene to be obtained, is polymerised in the presence of a catalyst. Polyoxymethylenes having a reduced molecular weight dispersity and stabilised against degradation are obtained by using, for every 100 parts by weight of polyoxymethylene, 0.1 to 5.0 parts of a catalyst dispersed in the reaction medium and consisting of the product of anionic polymerisation of a monomeric lactam of the formula: in which m is an integer from 3 to 13 and in which one or more hydrogen atoms of the methylene groups can be substituted by alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl radicals. The polyoxymethylene obtained contains small quantities of the catalyst which act as stabiliser.

Fluorinated organic cpds. prepn.

Fluorinated organic cpds. are prepared by (1) reacting organic cpd. with alcoholic OH gps. with methane-sulphochloride; (11) treating the resulting mechane-sulphonate with KF at <=120 degrees C and in the presence of R1R2R3R4M +X- (where M is gp. VB element pentavalent ion; R1-4 are monovalent hydrocarbon radicals with <=10C; X is Cl r Br) as catalyst (111) isolating the desired fluorinated prod.The products which are very useful organic synthesis intermediates are prepd. more simply while using KF as the fluorinating agent.

Fluorinated organic cpds. prepn.

Fluoro-derivs. of organic cpds. are prepd. by heating 200 degrees C a mixt. of aq. soln. of KF, organic halide, (except fluoride) and catalytic amt. of R1R2R3R4M +X- (where M is a gp BV pentavalent element, R1-4 are monovalent, <=10C hydrocarbon radicals, X- is chloride or bromide).The products are used as refrigerants, propellants and intermediates for plastics and organic synthesis. The process is simple and can be carried out at lower reaction temps.

PROCEDIMENTO BY LA PREPARAZIONE DI POLIESTERI INSATURI.

PROCEDIMENTO BY LA PREPARAZIONE DI NUOVI COPOLIMERI A BLOCCHI.

PROCEDIMENTO BY RIVESTIRE PELLICOLE POLIOLEFINICHE CON UN STRATO DI COPOLIMERO VINILIDENICO.

PROCEDIMENTO BY LA PREPARAZIONE DELL'ACIDO ACRILICO.