HEMODIALYSEUEBERWACHUNGSSYSTEM FUER HEMODIALYSATOREN

Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Vorrichtung zur partiellen Dialysatsammlung

PROCEDURE AND REGULATION OF WASTE PRODUCTS IN DIALYSIS LIQUIDS DURING DIALYSIS TREATMENTS

Method for determining a parameter indicative of the progress of an extracorporeal blood treatment

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A dialysis system, comprising: a chamber including a membrane that is movable in the chamber and that fluidly separates a first portion of the chamber from a second portion of the chamber, the chamber including a first inlet to the first portion and a second inlet to the second portion; and a blood leak sensor associated with the chamber and arranged to detect blood in the first portion of the chamber, wherein the blood leak sensor is arranged to measure a first level in the first portion and a second level in the second portion for comparison of the first and second levels to each other to determine whether blood is present in the first portion.

AUTOMATED INTERMITTENT BLOOD PURIFICATION PROCESS

AUTOMATED INTERMITTENT BLOOD PURIFICATION PROCESS An automated blood purification process, preferably hemodialysis, which establishes the operating parameters of rate, and time based upon blood analysis shortly prior to, and during, said process to insure attainment of physician controlled objectives for each patient in minimum time. The process optionally automates preparation of the extracorporeal circuit, including the artificial kidney, for use and at the end of the treatment automatically flushes blood in the extracorporeal circuit back into the patient and concurrently prepares the artificial kidney for possible reuse.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING OF EXTRACORPOREAL TREATMENT OF BLOOD OF PATIENT

RE-USABLE CONTAINER OF DRAINAGE OF EFFLUENTS FOR DIALYSIS AND OTHER MEDICAL THERAPIES OF FLUID

Un sistema de diálisis incluye una fuente de fluido de diálisis; al menos una bomba para bombear dialisato hacia o desde un paciente o dializador; y un recipiente de drenaje configurado para recibir fluido de diálisis de efluente desde el paciente o dializador a través de un tubo de drenaje, en donde el recipiente de drenaje incluye un cuerpo al menos parcialmente rígido, el cuerpo incluye una manija, una porcion que recibe el tubo de drenaje, una boca, y en donde al menos una porcion del cuerpo no es opaca de modo que se pueda observar el fluido de diálisis de efluente dentro del cuerpo al menos parcialmente rígido.

HÄMODIALYSEÜBERWACHUNGSSYSTEM FÜR HÄMODIALYSEMASCHINEN

NANO- CLAY SORBENTIEN F�R DIALYSEGER�T

DEVICE FOR THE ANALYSIS OF A FLUID SAMPLE BY MICRO DIALYSIS AND PROCEDURE FOR SUPERVISING A PARAMETER OF A FLUID SAMPLE

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A dialysis system, comprising: a chamber including a membrane that is movable in the chamber and that fluidly separates a first portion of the chamber from a second portion of the chamber, the chamber including a first inlet to the first portion and a second inlet to the second portion; and a blood leak sensor associated with the chamber and arranged to detect blood in the first portion of the chamber, wherein the blood leak sensor is arranged to measure a first level in the first portion and a second level in the second portion for comparison of the first and second levels to each other to determine whether blood is present in the first portion.

DEVICE FOR COLLECTING A SAMPLE OF DIALYSATE.

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de recueil d'un échantillon représentatif du liquide de dialyse en sortie d'un dialyseur (2) comportant : - un moyen (3) de recueil et de stockage du liquide de dialyse usagé, destiné à être relié par une canalisation (11) à la sortie du dialyseur (2), - des moyens de pompage (5) pour pomper du liquide stocké dans le moyen (3) de recueil et de stockage, ce liquide étant réparti en deux flux différents, l'un (12) destiné à être recueilli en totalité en vue d'un dosage et l'autre (13) étant destiné à être évacué. Le moyen (3) de recueil et de stockage est un récipient à usage unique. The present invention relates to a device for collecting a sample representative of the dialysis liquid leaving a dialyzer (2) comprising: - a means (3) for collecting and storing the used dialysis liquid, intended to be connected by a pipe (11) at the outlet of the dialyzer (2), - pumping means (5) for pumping liquid stored in the means (3) for collection and storage, this liquid being divided into two different flows, the one (12) intended to be collected entirely for dosing and the other (13) being intended to be evacuated. The means (3) for collection and storage is a single-use container.

Method of measuring the effect of a dialysis treatment

Methods for measuring the effect of dialysis treatments are disclosed in which a fraction of the used dialysis fluid is extracted downstream of the dialyzer for analysis of at least one substance such as urea, and in which the fraction of dialysis fluid is extracted through a branch conduit containing a pump. In accordance with this method, the total amount of used dialysis fluid is measured and the concentration of that substance in the extracted fraction is measured, and the total amount of that substance removed from the patient can then be calculated from these values. This invention is preferably intended for use in connection with hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration.

BLOOD LOOP SYSTEM WITH BLOOD OXYGENATION CONTROL

A blood loop system for controlling blood oxygen saturation includes a conduit loop, a pump, a flow cell, a matter source, an aeration chamber, a collection chamber and an oxygen probe. The pump is coupled to the conduit loop and positioned to circulate blood through the conduit loop. The flow cell is positioned to measure a characteristic of the blood circulated through the conduit loop. The matter source includes a gas. The aeration chamber is coupled to the conduit loop and is in fluid communication with the matter source to enable the gas to combine with the blood. The collection chamber is in fluid communication with the aeration chamber and is positioned to receive the blood. The oxygen probe is positioned to measure an amount of oxygen in the blood.

Simplified peritoneal equilibration test for peritoneal dialysis

A simplified peritoneal equilibration test (S-PET) is disclosed. Instead of a lengthy peritoneal equilibration test (PET), the simplified procedure requires no blood sample and may use data from as few as two or three samples to classify a peritoneal membrane of a user. Typically, a peritoneal membrane or peritoneum of a dialysis patient, or other person, is classed as a high transport membrane, high-average transport membrane, a low-average transport membrane or a low transporter membrane. The S-PET may be performed at home by a user without the need to submit a blood sample. Kits for analyzing the samples may be furnished for home use. The kits may use disposable strips, microfluidic analyzers or chemical reagents, or may alternatively include reusable analysis equipment, such as optical or conductivity analysis equipment.

HEMODIALYSEUEBERWACHUNGSSYSTEM FUER HEMODIALYSATOREN

Urea determination in blood - with continuous monitoring for patients receiving artificial kidney treatment

Determination of urea in the blood of patients with deficient kidney function, who are being treated with an artificial kidney comprises (a) bringing the dialysate flowing from the artificial kidney into contact with immobilised urease so that ammonium ions are formed by reaction of the urease with the urea in the dialysate, (b) determining the ammonia, which has been formed in the soln. leaving the urease, after adjustment to an alkaline pH, by means of an NH3- gas electrode in a continuous flow measuring cell, (c) calculating the urea concn. in the blood from that measured in the dialysate by means of the electrode and specific factors relating to the dialysis, by means of a computing circuit, and (d) displaying the value of the urea concn. by means of a recorder or print-out system. The method permits the continuous determination of urea concn. of patients with deficient kidney function, under treatment with an artificial kidney, and allows the state of the dialysis to be monitored and ...

VERFAHREN UND BESTIMMUNG VON ABFALLPRODUKTEN IN DIALYSEFLÜSSIGKEITEN WÄHREND DIALYSEBEHANDLUNGEN

DEVICE TO THE SAMPLING OF USED UP ONE DIALYSAT

HEMODIALYSIS MONITOR FOR HEMODIALYSIS MACHINES

Therapy prediction and optimization for renal failure blood therapy, especially home hemodialysis

A renal failure blood therapy system includes: (i) a renal failure blood therapy machine; (ii) a therapy prescription for a patient treated by the renal failure blood therapy machine to remove a solute from the patient's blood; (iii) a test including multiple blood samples taken at multiple times during a test therapy to determine concentration levels of the solute at each of the multiple times; and (iv) a device programmed to use a kinetic model for the solute in a first instance with at least one of the concentration levels of the solute to estimate at least one estimated patient parameter. The device is further programmed to enable a user to determine at least one of a therapy duration, a therapy frequency, a dialysate flowrate or a blood flowrate for the therapy prescription.

Blood treatment systems and methods

PROCESS FOR DETERMINING A SIGNIFICANT PARAMETER OF THE PROGRESS OF AN EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD TREATMENT

Un procédé de détermination continue d'un paramètre (D, Cbin, K, Kt/v) significatif de l'efficacité d'un traitement extracorporel du sang comporte les étapes de: .cndot. faire circuler dans un échangeur un liquide de traitement ayant une caractéristique (Cd) liée à l'efficacité du traitement; .cndot. provoquer une succession de variations de la caractéristique (Cd) en amont de l'échangeur; .cndot. mettre en mémoire en continu une pluralité de valeurs (Cdinl...Cdinj...Cdinp) de la caractéristique (Cd) en amont de l'échangeur; .cndot. mesurer et mettre en mémoire en continu une pluralité de valeurs (Cdoutl...Cdoutj...Cdoutp) prises par la caractéristique (Cd) en aval de l'échangeur en réponse aux variations de la caractéristique (Cd) provoquées en amont de l'échangeur; .cndot. calculer, chaque fois qu'un nombre déterminé de nouvelles valeurs (Cdoutj) de la caractéristique (Cd) en aval de l'échangeur a été mémorisé, un paramètre (D, Cbin, K, Kt/v) significatif de l'efficacité du traitement ...

DEVICE FOR COLLECTING SAMPLES

The present invention relates to a device (20) for collecting dialysate samples (42). The device (20) comprises an inlet (22) for receiving a flow of dialysate, a plurality of outlets (24) for providing a flow of saturated dialysate and means (26) for sequential selection of one of the outlets (24). The sequential selection means (26) are activated only by the flow of dialysate received from the inlet (22). The present invention further relates to a system for peritoneal dialysis comprising such device (20).

HEMODIALYSIS MONITORING SYSTEM FOR HEMODIALYSIS MACHINES

An improved on-line real time hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysi s treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system quantitates the rate arid amount of a constituent, such as urea, removedduring the hemodialysis treatment by measuring the constituent concentrations as a fonction of time in the spent dialysate effluent from a hemodialysis machine. A quantity of the spent dialysate effluent is removed from the dialysate effluent waste line periodically for testing. A urea concentration time profile can be analyzed to determine the urea removal, KT/V, URR, SRI and normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) indices. The hemodialysis monitoring system preferably can obtain a dialysate sample equilibrated with the blood prior to the start of a hemodialysis treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system includes a two po ol analysis for taking into account the constituent concentration differences in the extracellular and intracellular spaces in t he hemodialysis patient during the hemodialysis ...

LIPOSOMAL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USING THEM

The present invention provides a liposomal composition, method of using a liposomal composition, and devices and modes of operation of the devices and of the compositions, and kits related thereto. The invention provides for the reverse transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver in a warm blooded mammal while controlling plasma atherogenic lipoprotein concentrations, including LDL concentrations. The method and mode of operation of the devices includes the step of administering an effective amount of a multiplicity of acceptors comprised of phospholipids substantially free of sterol. The method optionally includes the step of periodically assaying atherogenic lipoprotein concentrations with an assay during the treatment period to assess atherogenic lipoprotein concentrations and obtain an atherogenic lipoprotein profile, and adjusting the administration in response to said profile. The large liposomes are dimensioned larger than fenestrations of an endothelial layer lining ...

DIALYSIS SYSTEM WITH ULTRAFILTRATION CONTROL

Systems and methods are disclosed for performing hemodialysis that include fluid handling systems that provide accurate control over the type and level of hemodialysis being performed. The system includes a first pump for pumping dialysate into a dialyzer and a second pump for pumping dialysate out of the dialyzer. The system also includes a third pump that provides improved control of a level of ultrafiltration, hemodiafiltration, or both.

MEDICAL FLUID SENSORS AND RELATED SYSTEMS

This disclosure relates to medical fluid sensors and related systems and methods. In certain aspects, a method includes using a medical fluid pump of a medical fluid pumping machine, such as a hemodialysis machine, to deliver medical fluid to a first portion of a cartridge that is positioned within a magnetic field, exciting atoms in the medical fluid in the first portion of the cartridge by applying radio frequency energy to the medical fluid in the first portion of the cartridge, receiving radio frequency energy generated by the excited atoms in the medical fluid in the first portion of the cartridge, and determining a concentration of a substance in the medical fluid based on the received radio frequency energy generated by the excited atoms in the medical fluid in the first portion of the cartridge.

Method and device for monitoring an extracorporeal blood treatment of a patient

The present invention pertains to Method for monitoring a dialysis treatment of a patient, preferably for monitoring a haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration and/or peritoneal dialysis treatment of a patient, the method including the steps of: - irradiating a sample of a dialysis fluid used in the dialysis treatment with linearly polarized irradiation light; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a first polarization plane; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a second polarization plane which is different from the first polarization plane; - determining the anisotropy of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid; and - determining the concentration of at least one fluorophore in the dialysis fluid on the basis of both, the determined anisotropy and the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid.

Method and device for monitoring an extracorporeal blood treatment of a patient

The present invention pertains to Method for monitoring a dialysis treatment of a patient, preferably for monitoring a haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration and/or peritoneal dialysis treatment of a patient, the method including the steps of: - irradiating a sample of a dialysis fluid used in the dialysis treatment with linearly polarized irradiation light; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a first polarization plane; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a second polarization plane which is different from the first polarization plane; - determining the anisotropy of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid; and - determining the concentration of at least one fluorophore in the dialysis fluid on the basis of both, the determined anisotropy and the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid.

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations. Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid, may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm, dividing the device into first and second compartments.

Hemodialyseüberwachungssystem für Dialyseapparate

Sampling device spent dialysis fluid.

METHOD FOR COLLECTING A SAMPLE OF DIALYSATE AND [...] DEVICE FOR THIS METHOD.

A method for collecting a dialysate sample and device for the implementation of this process

A method and a device for collecting a dialysate sample for a qualitative and quantitative analysis of all the dialysate collected during replacement therapy for renal failure. In a preferred embodiment, the device (10) comprises a buffer receptacle (20) consisting of a cylindrical container on a separator (30). The separator (30) has a collecting chamber (36) with a number of calibrated ducts (39 and 42) formed at its periphery. Calibrated ducts (39) open into a flow channel (38) and the dialysate conveyed by said ducts passes into a discharge duct (34), whereas calibrated ducts (42) lead to a collector (41) communicating with a duct (35). The dialysate collected at the outlet of duct (34) is analysed. This device allows the dialysate generated during a dialysis process to be sampled continuously, and the composition of this sample represents that of all the dialysate produced.

Concentration measuring module, dialyzer, and concentration calculating method

To provide a concentration calculating module configured to measure the concentrations of two constituents simultaneously with higher accuracy. The concentration measuring module includes a light source configured to emit light into a housing; a first light receiving unit configured to have sensitivity to a wavelength of output light of the light source and receive light radiated from inside the housing; and a second light receiving unit configured to have sensitivity to a longer wavelength than the first light receiving unit and receive light radiated from inside the housing. The light source, the first light receiving unit, and the second light receiving unit are arranged to have a positional relationship in which a light emitting surface of the light source faces a light receiving surface of the first light receiving unit, and a normal to a light receiving surface of the second light receiving unit is orthogonal to, of a line through the light source and the first light receiving unit ...

SIMPLIFIED PERITONEAL EQUILIBRATION TEST FOR PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

METHOD FOR MEASURING EFFECTS OF DIALYSIS AND SIMILAR TREATMENT

PURPOSE: To provide a method for measuring the treatment or cure effects of dialysis and similar treatment. CONSTITUTION: When a part of the used dialyzate is extracted in the downstream of the dialyzer by a branched guide hose 8 including an extracting pump 6, at least one material, i.e., urea is analyzed. In this analysis, the total quantity of the used dialyzate is measured and the ratio and/or quantity of the materials in the extracted fluid are also measured. Through calculating the total quantity of the material removed from the patient with the help of these values, it is possible to conduct the measurements used in blood dialysis, blood filter and blood dialysis filter. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO ...

VERFAHREN UND BESTIMMUNG VON ABFALLPRODUKTEN IN DIALYSEFLÜSSIGKEITEN WÄHREND DIALYSEBEHANDLUNGEN

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

The present invention generally relates to hemodialysis and similar dialysis systems, including a variety of systems and methods that would make hemodialysis more efficient, easier, and/or more affordable. One aspect of the invention is generally directed to new fluid circuits for fluid flow. In one set of embodiments, a hemodialysis system may include a blood flow path and a dialysate flow path, where the dialysate flow path includes one or more of a balancing circuit, a mixing circuit, and/or a directing circuit. Preparation of dialysate by the preparation circuit, in some instances, may be decoupled from patient dialysis. In some cases, the circuits are defined, at least partially, within one or more cassettes, optionally interconnected with conduits, pumps, or the like. In one embodiment, the fluid circuit and/or the various fluid flow paths may be at least partially isolated, spatially and/or thermally, from electrical components of the hemodialysis system. In some cases, a gas supply ...

SENSOR AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING AT LEAST ONE PARAMETER OF BLOOD CIRCULATING IN AN EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD CIRCUIT

An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood (1) comprising a treatment unit (2), a blood withdrawal line (6), a blood return line (7), a preparation line (19) and a spent dialysate line (13); a non- invasive blood volume sensor (50) for determining an additional property of blood is active on a tube segment (61) of the blood withdrawal line or of the blood return line; the sensor includes one source (53) for directing a signal towards the blood, a plurality of detectors (57) for receiving the signal, and a controller (65) receiving the output signals from the detectors (57) and determining a blood volume variation and a value of sodium concentration in the blood (Napl) both based on the output signals. A process of determining at least one parameter and on property of blood circulating an extracorporeal blood circuit is also disclosed.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING AN EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD TREATMENT OF A PATIENT

The present invention pertains to Method for monitoring a dialysis treatment of a patient, preferably for monitoring a haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration and/or peritoneal dialysis treatment of a patient, the method including the steps of: - irradiating a sample of a dialysis fluid used in the dialysis treatment with linearly polarized irradiation light; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a first polarization plane; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a second polarization plane which is different from the first polarization plane; - determining the anisotropy of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid; and - determining the concentration of at least one fluorophore in the dialysis fluid on the basis of both, the determined anisotropy and the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid.

HEMODIALYSIS MONITORING SYSTEM FOR HEMODIALYSIS MACHINES

An improved on-line, real time hemodialysis monitoring system (10) for hemodialysis treatment, quantitates the rate and amount of a constituent, such as urea, removed during the hemodialysis treating by measuring the constituent concentrations as a function of time in the spent dialysate effluent from a hemodialysis machine (120). A quantity of the spent dialysate effluent is removed from the dialysate effluent waste line periodically for testing. A urea concentration time profile can be analyzed to determine the urea removal, KT/V, URR, SRI, and normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) indices. The hemodialysis monitoring system (10) preferably can obtain a dialysate sample equilibrated with the blood prior to the start of a hemodialysis treatment. In a further aspect, the hemodialysis monitoring system (10) includes a device for conducting two-pool analysis for taking into account the constituent concentration differences in the extracellular and intracellular spaces (92, 94) in the hemodialysis ...

DEVICE FOR COLLECTING A SAMPLE OF DIALYSATE.

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de recueil d'un échantillon représentatif du liquide de dialyse en sortie d'un dialyseur (2) comportant : - un moyen (3) de recueil et de stockage du liquide de dialyse usagé, destiné à être relié par une canalisation (11) à la sortie du dialyseur (2), - des moyens de pompage (5) pour pomper du liquide stocké dans le moyen (3) de recueil et de stockage, ce liquide étant réparti en deux flux différents, l'un (12) destiné à être recueilli en totalité en vue d'un dosage et l'autre (13) étant destiné à être évacué. Le moyen (3) de recueil et de stockage est un récipient à usage unique.

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

FLUID CIRCUITS FOR SORBENT CARTRIDGES WITH SENSORS

A system for measuring at least one fluid characteristic at various stages within a sorbent system has a sorbent cartridge that has at least one material layer and at least one fluid passageway in at least one location in the sorbent system to provide a diverted sample stream from the various stages. At least one fluid characteristic of the diverted sample stream is measured.

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY, ESPECIALLY HOME HEMODIALYSIS

A renal failure blood therapy system includes a renal failure blood therapy machine, concentration levels for each of a plurality of solutes removed from a patient's blood at each of the multiple times, a display device configured to display for selection at least one removed blood solute from the plurality of removed blood solutes, and a device programmed to (i) estimate at least one renal failure blood therapy patient parameter using the determined concentration levels for the at least one selected removed blood solute, (ii) determine a plurality of acceptable renal failure blood therapy treatments that meet a predetermined removed blood solute clearance for the at least one selected removed blood solute using the at least one renal failure blood therapy patient parameter, and (iii) enable selection of at least one of the plurality of acceptable renal failure blood therapy treatments for operation at the renal failure blood therapy machine.

DEVICE FOR COLLECTING SAMPLES

AUTOMATED DIALYSIS PROCESS

Method for determining a parameter indicative of the progress of an extracorporeal blood treatment

AUTOMATED INTERMITTENT BLOOD PURIFICATION PROCESS

HEMODIALYSIS MONITORING SYSTEM FOR HEMODIALYSIS MACHINES

... 2124809 9408641 PCTABS00032 An improved on-line real time hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysis treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system quantitates the rate and amount of a constituent, such as urea, removedduring the hemodialysis treatment by measuring the constituent concentrations as a fonction of time in the spent dialysate effluent from a hemodialysis machine. A quantity of the spent dialysate effluent is removed from the dialysate effluent waste line periodically for testing. A urea concentration time profile can be analyzed to determine the urea removal, KT/V, URR, SRI and normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) indices. The hemodialysis monitoring system preferably can obtain a dialysate sample equilibrated with the blood prior to the start of a hemodialysis treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system includes a two pool analysis for taking into account the constituent concentration differences in the extracellular and intracellular spaces in the hemodialysis ...

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY, ESPECIALLY HOME HEMODIALYSIS

A renal failure blood therapy system includes: (i) a renal failure blood therapy machine; (ii) a therapy prescription for a patient treated by the renal failure blood therapy machine to remove a solute from the patient's blood; (iii) a test including multiple blood samples taken at multiple times during a test therapy to determine concentration levels of the solute at each of the multiple times; and (iv) a device programmed to use a kinetic model for the solute in a first instance with at least one of the concentration levels of the solute to estimate at least one estimated patient parameter. The device is further programmed to enable a user to determine at least one of a therapy duration, a therapy frequency, a dialysate flowrate or a blood flowrate for the therapy prescription.

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

AUTOMATED INTERMITTENT BLOOD PURIFICATION PROCESS

Hemodialysis device, hemodiafiltration device, method and device for taking a sample and sampling kit for use in corresponding devices and method

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF CHARACTERIZATION Of an EXTRACORPORAL TREATMENT OF BLOOD, AND EXTRACORPORAL PROCESSOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH a DEVICE.

Sampling appts. for dialysis solution - uses temporary holding vessel for liquid from dialysis machine and pump to take sample for analysis

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'échantillonnage du liquide de dialyse en sortie d'un rein artificiel (4) caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte: - au moins un moyen de recueil et de stockage (2) du liquide de dialyse à échantillonner alimenté par une canalisation (3) destinée à être reliée à la sortie (24) d'un rein artificiel, - des moyens (9, 10, 20) pour pomper du liquide de dialyse stocké en au moins deux flux pour lesquels la relation de débit est connue, le flux de moindre débit étant destiné à être recueilli en totalité à des fins de dosage, le flux de plus grand débit étant destiné à être conduit à l'égout.

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF CHARACTERIZATION Of an EXTRACORPORAL TREATMENT OF BLOOD, AND EXTRACORPORAL PROCESSOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH a DEVICE.

Dispositif pour la caractérisation d'un traitement extracorporel du sang réalisé par un appareil de traitement extracorporel (704, 802) rejetant, lors dudit traitement, un liquide de traitement extracorporel, dit filtrat, évacué par un circuit d'évacuation (706), ledit dispositif étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : - des moyens (102,104), dits de prélèvement, pour prélever, tout au long dudit traitement, une quantité de filtrat, en sortie dudit appareil de traitement (704, 802) ; et - des moyens (112, 116, 118, 120), dits de détermination, pour déterminer au moins un paramètre relatif audit traitement par analyse d'au moins un échantillon dudit filtrat prélevé par lesdits moyens pour prélever (102,104). Le dispositif comprend en outre des moyens d'échantillonnage (302,304) instantané du dialysat usé à un instant t lors de la dialyse. A device for characterizing an extracorporeal blood treatment performed by an extracorporeal treatment device (704, 802) discharging, during said treatment, an extracorporeal treatment liquid, called filtrate, evacuated by an evacuation circuit (706), said device being characterized in that it comprises: - means (102, 104), called sampling, for taking, throughout said treatment, a quantity of filtrate at the outlet of said treatment apparatus (704, 802); and means (112, 116, 118, 120), said determining, for determining at least one parameter relating to said treatment by analysis of at least one sample of said filtrate taken by said means for sampling (102, 104). The device further comprises means (302, 304) for instantaneous sampling of the dialysate used at a time t during dialysis.

Hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysis machines

An improved on-line real time hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysis treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system quantitates the rate and amount of a constituent, such as urea, removed during the hemodialysis treatment by measuring the constituent concentrations as a function of time in the spent dialysate effluent from a hemodialysis machine. A quantity of the spent dialysate effluent is removed from the dialysate effluent waste line periodically for testing. A urea concentration time profile can be analyzed to determined the urea removal, KT/V, URR, SRI and normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) indices. The hemodialysis monitoring system preferably can obtain a dialysate sample equilibrated with the blood prior to the start of a hemodialysis treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system includes a two pool analysis for taking into account the constituent concentration differences in the extracellular and intracellular spaces in the hemodialysis patient during the hemodialysis ...

Therapy prediction and optimization for renal failure blood therapy, especially home hemodialysis

A method of predicting serum phosphorus concentrations in a patient during hemodialysis includes measuring serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient over a hemodialysis treatment session time and an ultrafiltration rate calculated by a difference between pre- and post-dialytic body weight of the patient during an initial hemodialysis treatment session divided by a total treatment time of the treatment session and estimating a phosphorous mobilization clearance and a pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus for the patient. Serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient can then be predicted at any time during any hemodialysis treatment session with the estimated phosphorous mobilization clearance and pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus of the patient.

PROCESS OF DETERMINATION Of a SIGNIFICANT PARAMETER OF the PROGRESS Of EXTRACORPORAL UNTRAITEMENT OF BLOOD

PROCESS OF DETERMINATION Of a SIGNIFICANT PARAMETER OF the PROGRESS Of an EXTRACORPORAL TREATMENT OF BLOOD

Un procédé de détermination continue d'un paramètre (D, Cbin, K, Kt/ v) significatif de l'efficacité d'un traitement extracorporel du sang comporte les étapes de : . faire circuler dans un échangeur un liquide de traitement ayant une caractéristique (Cd) liée à l'efficacité du traitement; . provoquer une succession de variations de la caractéristique (Cd) en amont de l'échangeur; . mettre en mémoire en continu une pluralité de valeurs (Cdin1... Cdinj...Cdinp) de la caractéristique (Cd) en amont de l'échangeur; . mesurer et mettre en mémoire en continu une pluralité de valeurs (Cdout1...Cdoutj...Cdoutp) prises par la caractéristique (Cd) en aval de l'échangeur en réponse aux variations de la caractéristique (Cd) provoquées en amont de l'échangeur; . calculer, chaque fois qu'un nombre déterminé de nouvelles valeurs (Cdoutj) de la caractéristique (Cd) en aval de l'échangeur a été mémorisé, un paramètre (D, Cbin, K, Kt/ v) significatif de l'efficacité du traitement extracorporel du sang, à ...

DEVICE OF COLLECTION Of a SAMPLE OF LIQUID OF DIALYSIS USES

A device for collecting a used fluid sample representative of the total amount of used fluid discharged at any time after the start of a treatment session using a haemodialysis and/or haemofiltration blood treatment apparatus that includes a fresh treatment fluid supply line (9) connectable to an input of the haemodialysis/haemofiltration unit (1) and a main used fluid discharge line (11) connectable to an output of the haemodialysis/haemofiltration unit (1). The device includes a used fluid sampling line (14) with a first end connected to the main used fluid discharge line (11) and a second end connected to a collecting container (17); first measuring means (21) used for measuring an amount of fluid and arranged on the main discharge line (11) upstream from the junction between the sampling line (14) and the main discharge line (11); and means (22, 23, 24) for causing a metered flow of used fluid into the collecting container (17) on the basis of the data delivered by the first measuring means (21). Said means (22, 23, 24) include second measuring means (22) used for measuring an amount of fluid and arranged on the sampling line (14); first valve means (23) arranged on the sampling line (14); and control means (24) for opening the valve means (23) during dialysis whenever the first measuring means (21) have measured a first predetermined amount (V) of used fluid, and closing the valve means (23) whenever the second measuring means (22) have measured a second predetermined amount (v) of used fluid.

DEVICE FOR MANAGEMENT AND SAMPLING OF DIALYSIS FLUIDS FOR USE WITH SYSTEMS OF THE CGMS TYPE (CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING SYSTEMS) AND THE LIKE

Device for management and sampling of dialysis fluids, for use with systems of the. CGMS type (Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems) and the like, capable of complete management of operations relating to the management of dialysis collection and/or return fluids either in "multi-task" (or "multi-collector") mode or in "multi-day" mode so that it can adapt to all the various requirements for sampling and analysis both in a hospital setting and in the context of laboratory operations.

SORBENT CARTRIDGE WITH ELECTRODES

A sorbent cartridge that has at least one sensor located within the sorbent cartridge.

Dialysate extraction apparatus

To provide a dialysate extraction apparatus which can automate disinfecting work for a collection port or a sealing device of an opening/closing device and can reliably and easily clean the collection port or the sealing device of the opening/closing device. A dialysate extraction apparatus includes a dialysate extraction device that has an introduction port and a discharge port which are connected to a flow route of a liquid and can circulate the liquid and that has a collection port which can collect the circulated liquid; a cap that is attachable to and detachable from the collection port of the dialysate extraction device and can open and close the collection port; a sealing device that is attached to the cap and seals the collection port in a state where the cap is attached to the collection port of the dialysate extraction device; and a heating device that can heat the sealing device of the cap.

Nanoclay sorbent methods for use with dialysis

Dialysis is enhanced by using nanoclay sorbents to better absorb body wastes in a flow-through system. The nanoclay sorbents, using montmorillonite, bentonite, and other clays, absorb significantly more ammonium, phosphate, and creatinine, and the like, than conventional sorbents. The montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays may be used in wearable systems, in which a dialysis fluid is circulated through a filter with the nanoclay sorbents. Waste products are absorbed by the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays and the dialysis fluid is recycled to a patient's peritoneum. Using an ion-exchange capability of the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays, waste ions in the dialysis fluid are replaced with desirable ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. The nanoclay sorbents are also useful for refreshing a dialysis fluid used in hemodialysis and thus reducing a quantity of the dialysis fluid needed for the hemodialysis.

Measurement and control of ultrafiltration in dialysis

Measuring and controlling dialysate flow to a dialyzer in hemodialysis by sensing the flow by an electric signal generating device and using this signal to indicate a differential between a preselected flow and an actual flow, and valving the flow according to this differential. The indication may be visual, and the signal can be used to automate the valving action.

FLUID SENSOR MODULE

A fluid sensor device can include a housing having an inlet and an outlet. The housing can have a fluid reservoir, a sensing assembly, a plunger, a valve, and a plurality of channels. The fluid sensor module can be used to sense constituents in a sample fluid (e.g. patient's blood or dialysate) during a treatment process, such as kidney dialysis procedures. The fluid sensor module can be connected in-line to a medical device to sense the sample fluid. 1. A fluid sensor module comprising:a sensing assembly;a fluid pathway configured to transfer a sample fluid to be in fluid communication with the sensing assembly; anda valve movable between a sensing position in which the sample fluid is transferred along the fluid pathway and a calibration position in which a calibration fluid is transferred from a calibration fluid reservoir along the fluid pathway.2. The fluid sensor module of claim 1 , further comprising a housing claim 1 , the sensing assembly coupled to or formed with the housing.3. The fluid sensor module of claim 2 , further comprising a fluid inlet to transfer the sample fluid into the housing and a fluid outlet to transfer the sample fluid out of the housing claim 2 , wherein when the valve is in the sensing position claim 2 , the sample fluid is conveyed from the fluid inlet claim 2 , along the fluid pathway claim 2 , and through the outlet.4. The fluid sensor module of claim 3 , wherein when the valve is in the calibration position claim 3 , the calibration fluid is conveyed from the calibration fluid reservoir claim 3 , along the fluid pathway claim 3 , and through the outlet.5. The fluid sensor module of claim 4 , wherein when the valve is in the calibration position claim 4 , the sample fluid is conveyed from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet so as to bypass the fluid pathway.6. The fluid sensor module of claim 3 , wherein the valve has a bypass position in which the fluid inlet is directly connected to the fluid outlet such that the sample fluid is ...

DIALYSATE REGENERATOR COMPRISING REVERSIBLE RETAINER

Hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysis machines

Hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysis machines

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY, ESPECIALLY HOME HEMODIALYSIS

A method of predicting serum phosphorus concentrations in a patient during hemodialysis includes measuring serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient over a hemodialysis treatment session time and an ultrafiltration rate calculated by a difference between pre- and post-dialytic body weight of the patient during an initial hemodialysis treatment session divided by a total treatment time of the treatment session and estimating a phosphorous mobilization clearance and a pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus for the patient. Serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient can then be predicted at any time during any hemodialysis treatment session with the estimated phosphorous mobilization clearance and pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus of the patient.

FLUID SAMPLING MODULE

... 2124808 9409351 PCTABS00032 A fluid sampling module for utilization in on-line real time fluid monitoring systems. The fluid sampling module can be utilized as a urea input module in a hemodialysis treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system quantitates the rate and amount of urea removed during the hemodialysis treatment by measuring the urea concentrations as a function of time in the spent dialysate effluent from a hemodialysis machine. The urea input module interfaces with the dialysate effluent waste line from the hemodialysis machine and periodically removes a quantity of the spent dialysate effluent for measurement. The urea input module detects low flow rates and eliminates low flow rate flutter. The urea input module includes a resealable make before break docking interface with the dialysate effluent line and preferably includes a filter between the urea input module and the urea sensor.

DEVICE OF COLLECTION Of a SAMPLE OF LIQUID OF DIALYSIS USES

Method and apparatus for determining the quantity of oremic toxins removed by a hemodialysis treatment

An apparatus and a method are provided for collecting samples of used dialysate during hemodialysis treatments. A fluid sample is branched off from the main flow of used dialysate into a sample receiving container. The branching off of the sample flow, i.e. withdrawal of the fluid sample, is either time- or volume-controlled so that during the course of a dialysis treatment a predetermined number of fluid samples are withdrawn, whereby the total sample volume has a prescribed ratio relative to the total volume of used dialysate. The recirculation and sample withdrawal conduit is selectively attachable to the sample receiving container for sample collection, or to the inlet of the hemodialysis device to form a recirculation loop for a disinfection cycle. A disinfectant cartridge can be interposed between the recirculation conduit and the hemodialysis device inlet.

Fluid sampling module

A fluid sampling module is provided for utilization in on-line real time fluid monitoring systems. The fluid sampling module can be utilized as a urea input module in a hemodialysis treatment. The hemodialysis monitoring system quantitates the rate and amount of urea removed during the hemodialysis treatment by measuring the urea concentrations as a function of time in the spent dialysate effluent from a hemodialysis machine. The urea input module interfaces with the dialysate effluent waste line from the hemodialysis machine and periodically removes a quantity of the spent dialysate effluent for measurement. The urea input module detects low flow rates and eliminates low flow rate flutter. The urea input module includes a resealable make before break docking interface with the dialysate effluent line and preferably includes a filter between the urea input module and the urea sensor.

Nanoclay sorbents for dialysis

Dialysis is enhanced by using nanoclay sorbents to better absorb body wastes in a flow-through system. The nanoclay sorbents, using montmorillonite, bentonite, and other clays, absorb significantly more ammonium, phosphate, and creatinine, and the like, than conventional sorbents. The montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays may be used in wearable systems, in which a dialysis fluid is circulated through a filter with the nanoclay sorbents. Waste products are absorbed by the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays and the dialysis fluid is recycled to a patient's peritoneum. Using an ion-exchange capability of the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays, waste ions in the dialysis fluid are replaced with desirable ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. The nanoclay sorbents are also useful for refreshing a dialysis fluid used in hemodialysis and thus reducing a quantity of the dialysis fluid needed for the hemodialysis.

TUBE INSERT FOR A HYDRAULIC TUBE SET OF A BLOOD TREATMENT DEVICE

Passive dialysate flow divider

The patent claim relates to a device which divides the dialysate stream flowing off during heamodialysis in a fixed ratio (1:10 to 1:20). This device is called a "passive dialysate flow divider" because it works without active, movable or driven parts. The characterizing part of the device is a dividing disc with n+1 (n = 10 to 20) identical flowthrough channels which divides the dialysate stream into n+1 identical part-streams. One part-stream is divided off, while the other n part-streams are combined again and discarded. Division takes place independently of fluctuations in the flow rate (500 +/- 50 ml/min.). Changes in temperature or in the composition of the dialysate have no influence on the dividing ratio. Individual gas bubbles in the dialysate do not interfere with correct division. The device avoids collection of large amounts of dialysate (100-200 litres) for determining the amounts of substance exchanged during a haemodialysis treatment because, due to the divider, only 1/10 ...

Sensor and apparatus for determining at least one parameter of blood circulating in an extracorporeal blood circuit

An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood (1) comprising a treatment unit (2), a blood withdrawal line (6), a blood return line (7), a preparation line (19) and a spent dialysate line (13); a non- invasive blood volume sensor (50) for determining an additional property of blood is active on a tube segment (61) of the blood withdrawal line or of the blood return line; the sensor includes one source (53) for directing a signal towards the blood, a plurality of detectors (57) for receiving the signal, and a controller (65) receiving the output signals from the detectors (57) and determining a blood volume variation and a value of sodium concentration in the blood (Na ...

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

The present invention generally relates to hemodialysis and similar dialysis systems, including a variety of systems and methods that would make hemodialysis more efficient, easier, and/or more affordable. One aspect of the invention is generally directed to new fluid circuits for fluid flow. In one set of embodiments, a hemodialysis system may include a blood flow path and a dialysate flow path, where the dialysate flow path includes one or more of a balancing circuit, a mixing circuit, and/or a directing circuit. Preparation of dialysate by the preparation circuit, in some instances, may be decoupled from patient dialysis. In some cases, the circuits are defined, at least partially, within one or more cassettes, optionally interconnected with conduits, pumps, or the like. In one embodiment, the fluid circuit and/or the various fluid flow paths may be at least partially isolated, spatially and/or thermally, from electrical components of the hemodialysis system. In some cases, a gas supply ...

DEVICE FOR COLLECTING SAMPLES

The present invention relates to a device (20) for collecting dialysate samples (42). The device (20) comprises an inlet (22) for receiving a flow of dialysate, a plurality of outlets (24) for providing a flow of saturated dialysate and means (26) for sequential selection of one of the outlets (24). The sequential selection means (26) are activated only by the flow of dialysate received from the inlet (22). The present invention further relates to a system for peritoneal dialysis comprising such device (20).

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING AN EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD TREATMENT OF A PATIENT

The present invention pertains to Method for monitoring a dialysis treatment of a patient, preferably for monitoring a haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration and/or peritoneal dialysis treatment of a patient, the method including the steps of: - irradiating a sample of a dialysis fluid used in the dialysis treatment with linearly polarized irradiation light; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a first polarization plane; - detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a second polarization plane which is different from the first polarization plane; - determining the anisotropy of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid; and - determining the concentration of at least one fluorophore in the dialysis fluid on the basis of both, the determined anisotropy and the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid.

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY, ESPECIALLY HOME HEMODIALYSIS

A renal failure blood therapy system includes: (i) a renal failure blood therapy machine; (ii) a therapy prescription for a patient treated by the renal failure blood therapy machine to remove a solute from the patient's blood; (iii) a test including multiple blood samples taken at multiple times during a test therapy to determine concentration levels of the solute at each of the multiple times; and (iv) a device programmed to use a kinetic model for the solute in a first instance with at least one of the concentration levels of the solute to estimate at least one estimated patient parameter. The device is further programmed to enable a user to determine at least one of a therapy duration, a therapy frequency, a dialysate flowrate or a blood flowrate for the therapy prescription.

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY, ESPECIALLY HOME HEMODIALYSIS

A method of predicting serum phosphorus concentrations in a patient during hemodialysis includes measuring serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient over a hemodialysis treatment session time and an ultrafiltration rate calculated by a difference between pre- and post-dialytic body weight of the patient during an initial hemodialysis treatment session divided by a total treatment time of the treatment session and estimating a phosphorous mobilization clearance and a pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus for the patient. Serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient can then be predicted at any time during any hemodialysis treatment session with the estimated phosphorous mobilization clearance and pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus of the patient.

Device and method for drawing a sample from a fluid-conducting system

本发明涉及一种用于从引导流体的系统中进行样品提取的设备，其中所述设备具有至少一个适配器，所述适配器包括至少一个隔膜和至少一个能相对于隔膜可移动的插管，其中插管能够移动为，使得所述插管在样品提取位置中穿过隔膜而在冲洗部位中不穿过隔膜，并且其中适配器具有至少一个用于冲洗介质的冲洗区域，所述冲洗区域设置成，使得所述冲洗区域在插管的冲洗部位中与插管的内部空间流体连接，并且其中所述设备具有至少一个容纳区域，所述容纳区域具有用于引导流体的系统的锁止机构，通过所述锁止机构，引导流体的系统可相对于适配器固定在限定的位置中。本发明还涉及一种血液治疗仪以及一种用于从引导流体的系统中进行样品提取的方法。

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

The present invention generally relates to hemodialysis and similar dialysis systems, including a variety of systems and methods that would make hemodialysis more efficient, easier, and/or more affordable. One aspect of the invention is generally directed to new fluid circuits for fluid flow. In one set of embodiments, a hemodialysis system may include a blood flow path and a dialysate flow path, where the dialysate flow path includes one or more of a balancing circuit, a mixing circuit, and/or a directing circuit. Preparation of dialysate by the preparation circuit, in some instances, may be decoupled from patient dialysis. In some cases, the circuits are defined, at least partially, within one or more cassettes, optionally interconnected with conduits, pumps, or the like. In one embodiment, the fluid circuit and/or the various fluid flow paths may be at least partially isolated, spatially and/or thermally, from electrical components of the hemodialysis system. In some cases, a gas supply ...

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A dialysis system, comprising: a chamber including a membrane that is movable in the chamber and that fluidly separates a first portion of the chamber from a second portion of the chamber, the chamber including a first inlet to the first portion and a second inlet to the second portion; and a blood leak sensor associated with the chamber and arranged to detect blood in the first portion of the chamber, wherein the blood leak sensor is arranged to measure a first level in the first portion and a second level in the second portion for comparison of the first and second levels to each other to determine whether blood is present in the first portion.

Dialysis system with ultrafiltration control

Systems and methods are disclosed for performing hemodialysis that include fluid handling systems that provide accurate control over the type and level of hemodialysis being performed. The system includes a first pump for pumping dialysate into a dialyzer and a second pump for pumping dialysate out of the dialyzer. The system also includes a third pump that provides improved control of a level of ultrafiltration, hemodiafiltration, or both.

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY, ESPECIALLY HOME HEMODIALYSIS

A renal failure blood therapy system includes a renal failure blood therapy machine, a test including multiple blood samples taken at multiple times during a test therapy to determine concentration levels for each of a first solute and a second solute at each of the multiple times, and a device programmed to (i) estimate at least one first patient parameter using the determined concentration levels for the first solute, (ii) estimate at least one second patient parameter using the determined concentration levels for the second solute, (iii) determine a first plurality of acceptable treatments using the at least one first patient parameter, (iv) determine a second plurality of acceptable treatments using the at least one second patient parameter, and (v) merge the first plurality of acceptable treatments with the second plurality of acceptable treatments to determine a plurality of clinically acceptable treatments for both the first solute and the second solute.

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

CONCENTRATION MEASURING MODULE, DIALYZER, AND CONCENTRATION CALCULATING METHOD

To provide a concentration calculating module configured to measure the concentrations of two constituents simultaneously with higher accuracy. 1. A concentration measuring module comprising:a housing configured to be able to house an irradiated body;a light source configured to emit light into the housing;a first light receiving unit configured to have sensitivity to a wavelength of output light of the light source and receive light radiated from inside the housing; anda second light receiving unit configured to have sensitivity to a longer wavelength than the first light receiving unit and receive light radiated from inside the housing,wherein the light source and the first light receiving unit are arranged so that a light emitting surface of the light source faces a light receiving surface of the first light receiving unit,the light source, the first light receiving unit, and the second light receiving unit are arranged to have a positional relationship in which a normal to a light receiving surface of the second light receiving unit is orthogonal to a line segment corresponding to the inside of the housing, of a line through the light source and the first light receiving unit, anda length X of the line segment corresponding to the inside of the housing, of the line through the light source and the first light receiving unit and a length Y of a line segment corresponding to the inside of the housing, of a line including the normal to the light receiving surface of the second light receiving unit, satisfy Y/X>1.2. The concentration measuring module according to claim 1 , wherein the length X of the line segment and the length Y of the line segment satisfy 2√3 Подробнее

Method of measuring the effect of a dialysis treatment

Methods for measuring the effect of dialysis treatments are disclosed in which a fraction of the used dialysis fluid is extracted downstream of the dialyzer for analysis of at least one substance such as urea, and in which the fraction of dialysis fluid is extracted through a branch conduit containing a pump. In accordance with this method, the total amount of used dialysis fluid is measured and the concentration of that substance in the extracted fraction is measured, and the total amount of that substance removed from the patient can then be calculated from these values. This invention is preferably intended for use in connection with hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration.

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY

A renal failure blood therapy system includes a memory device storing a therapy target for a patient. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the therapy target for the patient, receive a desired solute concentration for the patient, and apply the therapy target and the desired solute concentration as inputs to an optimization routine. The processor is also configured to execute the optimization routine to determine at least one dialysis therapy prescription specifying at least a dialysis therapy duration, a dialysis therapy frequency, and at least one of a dialysis therapy blood flow rate or a dialysis therapy dialysate flow rate. The processor is further configured to display the at least one dialysis therapy prescription for confirmation or selection by a clinician and transmit the selected or confirmed dialysis therapy prescription to a dialysis machine for a subsequent dialysis treatment for the patient.

Liposomal compositions and methods of using them

Blood treatment systems and methods

Method of attainment of one shows of dialysed balanced method automatically to get the coefficient of intercompartimental transference and device for the conduction of dialysed balance of with blood

Device for collecting samples

The present invention relates to a device ( 20 ) for collecting dialysate samples ( 42 ). The device ( 20 ) comprises an inlet ( 22 ) for receiving a flow of dialysate, a plurality of outlets ( 24 ) for providing a flow of saturated dialysate and means ( 26 ) for sequential selection of one of the outlets ( 24 ). The sequential selection means ( 26 ) are activated only by the flow of dialysate received from the inlet ( 22 ). The present invention further relates to a system for peritoneal dialysis comprising such device ( 20 ).

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations. Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid, may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into first and second compartments.

Reusable effluent drain container with key feature for dialysis and other medical fluid therapies

A dialysis system includes a source of effluent dialysis fluid, a drain container configured to receive the effluent dialysis fluid through a drain tube, and a load cell. The drain container includes an at least semi-rigid body defining a first key feature. The load cell includes a second, mating key feature positioned and arranged to mate with the first key feature.

DIALYSIS DEVICES AND SENSOR CAPS AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS INCORPORATING THE SAME

Dialysis devices include a frame defined by a plurality of sidewalls that are impermeable to a sample being dialyzed, a pair of dialysis membranes that are each associated with an opposing face of the plurality of sidewalls such that the plurality of sidewalls and the pair of dialysis membranes define a sample chamber, an outer shell surrounding at least a portion of the pair of dialysis membranes, and a cap selectively associated with the sample chamber. The cap can be selectively associated with the sample chamber via an attachment mechanism that is configured to provide aural and/or haptic feedback when the cap forms a tight association with the sample chamber. The cap can be a sensor cap having one or more probes for measuring at least one property of fluid inside and/or outside the sample chamber and a transmitter for transmitting data captured at the probe(s) to a destination device. 1. A dialysis device , comprising:a frame comprising by a plurality of sidewalls impermeable to a sample being dialyzed;a pair of dialysis membranes, wherein each dialysis membrane of the pair of dialysis membranes is associated with an opposing face of the plurality of sidewalls such that the plurality of sidewalls and the pair of dialysis membranes define a sample chamber;an outer shell surrounding at least a portion of the pair of dialysis membranes; anda cap selectively associated with the sample chamber.2. The dialysis device of claim 1 , wherein a first sidewall of the plurality of sidewalls comprises a concave curvature with respect to the sample chamber partially defined thereby.3. The dialysis device of claim 2 , wherein the concave curvature is defined at least in part by a portion of the first sidewall claim 2 , the portion of the first sidewall having a first end claim 2 , a second end opposite the first end claim 2 , and a peak disposed between the first end and the second end claim 2 , wherein a slope of the first sidewall between the first end and the peak is ...

SENSOR AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING AT LEAST ONE PARAMETER OF BLOOD CIRCULATING IN AN EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD CIRCUIT

An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood () comprising a treatment unit (), a blood withdrawal line (), a blood return line (), a preparation line () and a spent dialysate line (); a non-invasive blood volume sensor () for determining an additional property of blood is active on a tube segment () of the blood withdrawal line or of the blood return line; the sensor includes one source () for directing a signal towards the blood, a plurality of detectors () for receiving the signal, and a controller () receiving the output signals from the detectors () and determining a blood volume variation and a value of sodium concentration in the blood (Na) both based on the output signals. A process of determining at least one parameter and on property of blood circulating an extracorporeal blood circuit is also disclosed. 134-. (canceled)35. A non-invasive blood volume sensor for determining at least one property of blood flowing in an extracorporeal segment of an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus comprising:at least one source for directing a signal towards the blood along an emission axis;a plurality of detectors configured to receive the signal emitted by the at least one source after the signal at least partially passes through the blood flowing in the extracorporeal segment, and to emit respective output signals related to the received signal; anda controller configured to receive the respective output signals from the plurality of detectors and to determine a value of the at least one property of the blood based on the output signals, wherein the property of the blood is one of a blood volume variation, a hemoglobin concentration change, or a parameter related to the blood volume variation or the hemoglobin concentration.36. The non-invasive blood volume sensor according to claim 35 , wherein the controller is further configured to determine a value and a time variation of an auxiliary blood parameter based on the output signals from the plurality of ...

Dialysis systems and methods for modulating flow of a dialysate during dialysis using raman spectroscopy

The present invention is a system to continuously monitor, in real-time, the small molecules being dialyzed during hemodialysis treatment using Raman spectroscopy and press control algorithms. By monitoring the treatment, the amount of water needed per dialysis treatment is drastically reduced by optimizing analyte saturation and removal of wastes. This will significantly conserve water and reduce the cost of dialysis treatments, possibly reducing the amount of time necessary for dialysis treatment, improving quality of life for patients during and after treatment, and reducing the costs of building new treatment centers as well as operating costs.

ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT METHOD AND SYSTEM

This application relates to an adequacy assessment method and system. The method includes: acquiring biochemical test data, and extracting the most recent assay data of periodic assay records from the biochemical test data; calculating body fluid volume according to the most recent assay data; calculating a urea clearance index according to the calculated body fluid volume and designated parameters; and outputting the urea clearance index for one adequacy assessment by display. 1. An adequacy assessment method , comprising the following steps:acquiring biochemical test data, and extracting the most recent assay data of periodic assay records from the biochemical test data;calculating body fluid volume according to the most recent assay data;calculating a urea clearance index according to the calculated body fluid volume and designated parameters; andoutputting the urea clearance index for one adequacy assessment by display.2. The adequacy assessment method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises: storing adequacy assessment result for each dialysis and corresponding diagnosis and treatment data in a database.3. The adequacy assessment method according to claim 1 , wherein the acquiring biochemical test data comprises: inputting biochemical test data through an input interface or automatically acquiring biochemical test data from a medical system of biochemical test data.4. The adequacy assessment method according to claim 1 , wherein the calculating body fluid volume according to the most recent assay data comprises:according to periodic assay data and dialysis data on the day of the assay, acquiring blood urea concentration, dialysis time, removal volume of water, blood flow, and urea clearance rate at the beginning and end of dialysis;setting an assumed value for initial body fluid volume, and after the dialysis starts, calculating urea concentration per unit time until the dialysis ends to obtain urea concentration at the body fluid volume; ...

DEXTROSE CONCENTRATION SENSOR FOR A PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SYSTEM

System and methods for sensing fluid characteristics of peritoneal dialysate infused into and removed from a patient during treatment are provided. The systems and methods can use an optical sensor including a transmitter light source operable to emit light through a fluid flow path and an optical receiver operable to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the transmitter light source. 1. A sensor , comprising:a transmitter light source; the transmitter light source operable to emit light through a fluid flow path; andan optical receiver; the optical receiver operable to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the transmitter light source, passing through the fluid flow path,wherein the sensor is configured to measure at least one optical parameter of a fluid in the fluid flow path in one or more wavelengths.2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one optical parameter is an index of refraction of light passing through the fluid in the fluid flow path.3. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the index of refraction of light passing through the fluid in the fluid flow path is in a wavelength range of 950 nm to 1750 nm.4. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the transmitter light source is a visible point light source and the optical receiver is a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera claim 2 , wherein an angle of bend of the light when passed through the fluid in the fluid flow path is proportional to the refractive index of the fluid.5. The sensor of claim 2 , further comprising:an optical fiber defining a first end and a second end, wherein at least a portion of the optical fiber between the first end and the second end is disposed within the fluid flow path,wherein the transmitter light is optically couplable to the first end of the optical fiber and the optical receiver is optically couplable to the second end of the optical fiber.6. The sensor of claim 5 , wherein at least a portion of the optical fiber disposed within the fluid flow path ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TAKING A SAMPLE FROM A FLUID-CONDUCTING SYSTEM

The present invention relates to an apparatus for sample taking from a fluid-conducting system, wherein the apparatus has at least one adapter which comprises at least one septum and at least one cannula displaceable relative to the septum, wherein the cannula is displaceable such that it penetrates the septum in a sample taking position and does not penetrate the septum in a flushing position; and wherein the adapter has at least one flushing region for a flushing medium which is arranged such that it is in fluid communication with the inner space of the cannula in the flushing position of the cannula; and wherein the apparatus has at least one receiving region having locking means for the fluid-conducting system by which the fluid-conducting system is fixable in a defined position relative to the adapter. The present invention furthermore relates to a blood treatment device and to a method for taking a sample from a fluid-conducting system. 1. An apparatus for sample taking from a fluid-conducting system , characterized in that the apparatus has at least one adapter which comprises at least one septum and at least one cannula displaceable relative to the septum , wherein the cannula is displaceable such that it penetrates the septum in a sample taking position and does not penetrate the septum in a flushing position; and wherein the adapter has at least one flushing region for a flushing medium which is arranged such that it is in fluid communication with the inner space of the cannula in the flushing position of the cannula; and wherein the apparatus has at least one receiving region having locking means for the at least one fluid-conducting system by which the fluid-conducting system is fixable in a defined position relative to the adapter.2. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , characterized in that the locking means fix the fluid-conducting system relative to the adapter by shape matching.3. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , characterized in that ...

RECIRCULATING DIALYSATE FLUID CIRCUIT FOR BLOOD MEASUREMENT

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood in a blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic. 1. A system , comprising:at least a first recirculation flow path;the first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer;the first recirculation flow path comprising at least one pump and at least one sensor measuring at least one fluid characteristic;wherein a concentration of at least one solute in a fluid recirculating in the first recirculation flow path becomes equilibrated with a concentration of the at least one solute in a blood of a patient.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is located upstream of the dialyzer and downstream of a dialysate regeneration unit wherein the dialysate regeneration unit is fluidly connectable to the first recirculation flow path.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises an ion selective sensor.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least two sensors to measure the at least one fluid characteristic.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least two sensors include a conductivity sensor.6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least two sensors include any one of a potassium sensor claim 4 , a bicarbonate sensor claim 4 , and an ammonia sensor.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a pH sensor.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a urea sensor.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a conductivity sensor.10. The system of claim 9 , further ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING THE HEALTH OF DIALYSIS PATIENTS

A system and method for monitoring the health of dialysis patients with Raman spectroscopy measurements of one or more target analytes is described. The methods include irradiating one or more fluids of interest with light to produce one or more spectrum and detecting the spectrum with a detector. The fluids of interest are preferably those related to dialysis, including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In a preferred embodiment, the fluids are irradiated with monochromatic light, and one or more Raman spectra are detected as a result of the irradiation. The fluids may be irradiated within the dialysis tubing itself, or removed from the dialysis tubing and irradiated in a separate chamber. The Raman spectra of one or more target analytes of a dialysis patient may be followed over time or compared to one or more reference spectra, thereby providing information on the health of dialysis patients. 1. A method for determining dialysis treatment efficacy , the method comprising:providing a Raman spectrum of analytes present in a patient sample associated with a dialysis patient;providing one or more Raman spectrum of analytes present in one or more reference sample associated with the dialysis patient and/or associated with other dialysis patients;comparing the Raman spectrum of the dialysis patient with the one or more reference samples to determine whether an analyte pattern of two or more select analytes is present in both; andbased on the comparing, determining disease state status of the patient.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte pattern comprises two or more analytes chosen from creatinine claim 1 , uric acid claim 1 , uric acid based compounds claim 1 , interleukin-8 claim 1 , bilirubin claim 1 , a1-anti-trypsin claim 1 , arginine claim 1 , homoarginine claim 1 , urea claim 1 , urea-based compounds claim 1 , urea nitrogen based compounds claim 1 , ammonium-based compounds claim 1 , nitrogen-based compounds claim 1 , vitamins claim 1 , vitamin C ...

Recirculating dialysate fluid circuit for measurement of blood solute species

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic.

HEMOFILTRATION DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A HIGH BLOOD FLOW EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCUIT

Disclosed is a hemofiltration device, system and method for rapid solute removal from a patient's blood. The device, and method employ a hemofiltration assembly for a high blood flow extracorporeal circuit, such as an ECMO circuit, configured to achieve high-efficiency, high-flux convective solute clearance, and optionally diffusive solute clearance, and include one or more hemofilters having greater filter medium surface area in a circuit having greater flow rates than previously implemented RRT modalities, and may offer rapid clearance of toxins, including those not currently dialyzable (e.g., those with high volumes of distribution). 1. A device for processing blood flow in an extracorporeal circuit , comprising: one or more blood inlets in fluid communication with a patient blood drainage line;', 'one or more blood outlets in fluid communication with a patient blood return line; and', 'an effluent outlet;, 'a high-flux hemofilter assembly, said high-flux hemofilter assembly further comprisingwherein said high-flux hemofilter assembly is configured to provide solute clearance on blood supplied through said one or more blood inlets at a blood flow rate of 1-7 L/min, and wherein said solute clearance is effective to cause small solute clearance from said blood supplied through said one or more blood inlets at a rate of 24-90 L/hr.2. The device for processing blood flow of claim 1 , said high-flux hemofilter assembly further comprising a plurality of hemofilters arranged in parallel flow between said patient blood drainage line and said patient blood return line.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The device for processing blood flow of claim 1 , said high-flux hemofilter assembly further comprising a single hemofilter arranged in series flow between said patient blood drainage line and said patient blood return line.6. A system for processing blood flow in an extracorporeal circuit claim 1 , comprising: one or more blood inlets in fluid communication with a patient blood ...

NANOCLAY SORBENTS FOR DIALYSIS

Dialysis is enhanced by using nanoclay sorbents to better absorb body wastes in a flow-through system. The nanoclay sorbents, using montmorillonite, bentonite, and other clays, absorb significantly more ammonium, phosphate, and creatinine, and the like, than conventional sorbents. The montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays may be used in wearable systems, in which a dialysis fluid is circulated through a filter with the nanoclay sorbents. Waste products are absorbed by the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays and the dialysis fluid is recycled to a patient's peritoneum. Using an ion-exchange capability of the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays, waste ions in the dialysis fluid are replaced with desirable ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. The nanoclay sorbents are also useful for refreshing a dialysis fluid used in hemodialysis and thus reducing a quantity of the dialysis fluid needed for the hemodialysis. 1. A system for removing body wastes from a fluid , the system comprising:a closed fluid loop for circulating blood to and from a hemodialysis machine;at least one pump attached to the loop for circulating the blood into and out of the hemodialysis machine and through the fluid loop;a replaceable cartridge housing connected to the closed fluid loop, the housing having a first end including an inlet, and a second end including an outlet;a filter with nanoclay particles, the filter attached to the fluid loop for removing body wastes from the blood, wherein the nanoclay particles comprise a processed nanoclay having at least one dimension from 1 nm to 200 nm, and wherein the processed nanoclay particles have been chemically enhanced with an acid to increase an acidity such that urea uptake is increased; anda drain container connected to the closed fluid loop for removing an excess fluid.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processed nanoclay is selected from the group consisting of expanded clays claim 1 ...

MONITORING DEVICE FOR RECIRCULATION ANALYSIS

A monitoring method for an extracorporeal blood treatment machine, a monitoring device of an extracorporeal blood treatment machine, and an extracorporeal blood treatment machine including a monitoring device. The monitoring device is configured to detect a signal representing a concentration of pollutants in a used dialysis liquid, to automatically evaluate a signal course with respect to at least one predetermined indicator for an existing recirculation, and to automatically initiate a recirculation measurement or automatically output a request for initiating a recirculation measurement to a user upon determination of the at least one indicator. 1. A monitoring device of an extracorporeal blood treatment machine , the monitoring device configured to:detect a signal continuously representing a concentration of pollutants in a used dialysis liquid and to automatically evaluate a signal course with respect to at least one predetermined signal course indicator or signal course pattern for an existing recirculation;differentiate the signal for evaluation in order to calculate a differential signal and compare it with a threshold value, wherein a certain frequency or duration of threshold value overruns and/or a one-time threshold value overrun of said threshold value or of another threshold value is recognized as the signal course indicator or signal course pattern for the existing recirculation; andautomatically initiate a recirculation measurement or automatically output a request for initiating a recirculation measurement to a user upon determination of the at least one signal course indicator or signal course pattern.2. The monitoring device according to claim 1 , wherein the signal represents a Kt/V value or is a raw signal from which the Kt/V value is calculated.3. The monitoring device according to claim 1 , wherein the threshold value depends on a desired treatment time and a desired signal value and/or a signal value of a previous extracorporeal blood ...

Recirculating dialysate fluid circuit for blood measurement

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood in a blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic.

PERITONEAL DIALYSATE FLOW PATH SENSING

The invention relates to systems and methods for sensing fluid characteristics of peritoneal dialysate infused into and removed from a patient during treatment. The systems and methods include sensors, processors, and flow paths for determining patient health based on the fluid characteristics of the peritoneal dialysate. The system can be a peritoneal dialysis cycler which can include an infusion line; an effluent line; at least one pump positioned in the infusion and/or effluent line; and at least one sensor fluidly connected to the effluent line. The sensor can be at least one of a flow sensor, an ion selective electrode, a pH sensor, a pressure sensor, a refractive index sensor, and a temperature sensor. The method can include infusing peritoneal dialysate through an infusion line; removing peritoneal dialysate through an effluent line; and determining at least one fluid characteristic of the peritoneal dialysate in the effluent line. 1. A system , comprising:a peritoneal dialysis cycler having either an effluent line or a combined infusion and effluent line;at least one solute concentration sensor in communication with the effluent line or combined infusion and effluent line; anda processor; the processor programmed to determine a concentration of at least one solute in an effluent from a patient based on data from the solute concentration sensor.2. The system of claim 1 , the processor programmed to determine a change in concentration of the at least one solute in a peritoneal dialysate during a dwell time based on data from the solute concentration sensor.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one solute comprises an osmotic agent.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one solute comprises glucose or dextrose.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the solute concentration sensor is a refractive index sensor.6. The system of claim 1 , the processor programmed to determine a membrane transfer efficiency based on the change in concentration of the ...

TECHNIQUES FOR DETERMINING DIALYSIS PATIENT PROFILES

methods, apparatuses, and systems for determining a peritoneal transport status of a patient based on mass analyzing low volumes of peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent to generate patient information that may be evaluated using PD effluent fingerprints to determine peritoneal transport characteristics of the patient are described. For example, in one embodiment, a method of determining a transport status of a dialysis patient may include obtaining a volume of peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent of the dialysis patient, generating patient information via mass analysis of the volume of PD effluent, and determining patient profile information based on evaluating the patient information with a profile library, the patient profile information comprising a peritoneal transport status classification. Other embodiments are described. 1. A method of determining a transport status of a dialysis patient , the method comprising:obtaining a volume of peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent of the dialysis patient;generating patient information via mass analysis of the volume of PD effluent; anddetermining patient profile information based on evaluating the patient information with a profile library, the patient profile information comprising a peritoneal transport status classification.2. The method of claim 1 , the mass analysis comprising one of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or mass spectrometry (MS).3. The method of claim 1 , the volume obtained during routine dialysis of a patient.4. The method of claim 1 , the volume comprising less than or equal to about 1 milliliter (ml)5. The method of claim 1 , the volume comprising about 0.005 ml.6. The method of claim 1 , the peritoneal transport status classification comprising classifications of high claim 1 , high-average claim 1 , low-average claim 1 , or low transporters based on solute transport characteristics.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining a dialysis prescription based on the peritoneal ...

CONTROL SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BLOOD OR FLUID HANDLING MEDICAL DEVICES

A processor of a medical device configured to communicate with a remote server can be programmed to protect the medical device from exposure to unauthorized or malicious software. A system or method to implement this form of protection can include, for example, at least one processor on the medical device, a control software module that controls the operation of the medical device and is executable on the processor, a data management module that manages data flow to and from the control software module from sources external to the medical device, and an agent module that has access to a limited number of designated memory locations in the medical device. In addition, a hemodialysis apparatus can be configured to operate in conjunction with an apparatus for providing purified water from a source such as a municipal water supply or a well. A system for controlling delivery of purified water to the hemodialysis apparatus can comprise a therapy controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with a controller of a water purification device, and a user interface controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with the therapy controller, and to send data to and receive data from a user interface. 117.-. (canceled)18. A method for protecting a medical device having a processor from malicious software , the method comprising:providing at least one control software module that controls the operation of the medical device and is executable on the processor, a data management module that manages data flow between the at least one control software module and exterior sources, and an agent module having access to only predetermined memory locations in the medical device;enabling a communications link from the medical device to a remote server;activating the agent module to transmit a request to the remote server via the enabled communications link, receive files from the remote server, and store the received files from the remote server in ...

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

Sampling system for performing an automatic dialysis sampling

A sampling system performs an automatic dialysis sampling at specific time intervals of a dialysis treatment. The system includes a fluidic pathway in which a dialysis solution flows, a series of sampling containers, and a valve system. The valve system is arranged in the fluidic pathway. The sampling system includes an electronic system that controls automatically the valve system in order to direct a certain quantity of each fluid sample to a specific sampling container.

THERAPY PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR RENAL FAILURE BLOOD THERAPY

A renal failure blood therapy system includes a renal failure blood therapy machine, concentration levels for each of a plurality of solutes removed from a patient's blood at each of the multiple times, a display device configured to display for selection at least one removed blood solute from the plurality of removed blood solutes, and a device programmed to (i) estimate at least one renal failure blood therapy patient parameter using the determined concentration levels for the at least one selected removed blood solute, (ii) determine a plurality of acceptable renal failure blood therapy treatments that meet a predetermined removed blood solute clearance for the at least one selected removed blood solute using the at least one renal failure blood therapy patient parameter, and (iii) enable selection of at least one of the plurality of acceptable renal failure blood therapy treatments for operation at the renal failure blood therapy machine. 1a renal failure blood therapy machine;results from a test including multiple blood samples taken at multiple times during a test renal failure blood treatment, the results including concentration levels for each of a plurality of solutes removed from a patient's blood at each of the multiple times;a display device configured to display for selection at least one removed blood solute from the plurality of removed blood solutes; anda device programmed to (i) estimate at least one renal failure blood therapy patient parameter using the determined concentration levels for the at least one selected removed blood solute, (ii) determine a plurality of acceptable renal failure blood therapy treatments that meet a predetermined removed blood solute clearance for the at least one selected removed blood solute using the at least one renal failure blood therapy patient parameter, and (iii) enable selection of at least one of the plurality of acceptable renal failure blood therapy treatments for operation at the renal failure blood therapy ...

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands 125.-. (canceled)26. A hemodialysis system that includes a dialysate mixing circuit and connection ports , the system comprising:a first port fluidly connected to a first pump in the dialysate mixing circuit, the first port configured to connect to a bicarbonate charge line, the bicarbonate charge line arranged to convey fluid from the first pump to an inlet of a bicarbonate source;a second port fluidly connected to a second pump in the dialysate mixing circuit, the second port configured to connect to a bicarbonate return line, the bicarbonate return line arranged to convey a bicarbonate solution from an outlet of the bicarbonate source to the second pump;a third port fluidly connected to a third pump in the dialysate mixing circuit, the third port configured to connect to an acid flow line, the acid flow line arranged to convey an acid solution from an acid source to the third pump; anda bypass connector comprising three fluid prongs configured to connect with the first, the second, and the third ports, wherein channels in each of the three fluid prongs of the bypass connector terminate within a common chamber within the bypass connector, so that the bicarbonate charge line leading to the first pump, the bicarbonate return line ...

BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands. 125.-. (canceled)26. A system for delivering an anticoagulant solution in a blood circuit of a hemodialysis apparatus comprising:a blood pump cassette comprising an anticoagulant metering pump, first and second diaphragm pumps, and a plurality of valves, the blood pump cassette configured for pumping blood from a cassette inlet connected to an arterial line to a cassette outlet connected to a venous line;a controller configured to control the metering pump, the first diaphragm pump and the plurality of valves to pump a bolus of the anticoagulant solution from a container connected to the blood pump cassette to a pumping chamber of the first diaphragm pump;the controller configured to control the first diaphragm pump to draw a first volume of dialysate solution into the pumping chamber before delivering the bolus of the anticoagulant solution and the first volume of dialysate solution to the blood pump cassette inlet or outlet; andthe controller configured to control the first diaphragm pump to draw a second volume of dialysate solution into the pumping chamber after delivering the bolus of anticoagulant solution and the first volume of dialysate solution, and to deliver the second volume of dialysate solution to the blood pump ...

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysis systems may include a safety system utilizing a field programmable gate array (FPGA) that monitors at least conductivity and temperature of dialysate in the flow circuit upstream of a dialyzer and enters a fail-safe state if the measured conductivity is outside of a range of values. The FPGA may be verified to be operating properly by exposing sensors in fluid paths to temperatures or conductivities that are outside pre-determined permissible ranges of values, and confirming that the FPGA safety system enters a fail-safe state in response to the temperatures or conductivities. The FPGA may be configured to monitor an amount of ultrafiltration fluid withdrawn from a patient during dialysis treatment and to enter a fail-safe state if a maximum amount is exceeded.

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations. Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into first and second compartments.

Dialyzate take-up gear

本发明提供一种透析液导出装置，其在将连接机构连接于采取口时可确实地保持采取口的清洁性。该装置具有：透析液导出机构9，具有突出形成且可采取液体的采取口12；圆筒状的外周壁部13，形成于透析液导出机构9，覆盖采取口12的外周；连接机构15，其上形成有与采取口12连接的连接部15aa和与外周壁部13的内周面嵌合的密封构件16，并且在与连接部15aa连接的状态下可从采取口12采取液体；锥形部13d、13e，形成于外周壁部13的内周面，在连接机构15相对于外周壁部13的插通过程中，在该连接机构15的前端15c到达采取口12的突端12a之前，将该连接机构15相对于采取口12的相对位置以及姿势进行矫正。

Hemodialysis machine, hemofiltration dialysis machine, method of collecting sample with corresponding instrument, sample collection kit and method used for corresponding instrument

The device (10) has connection units (14, 15) e.g. hansen coupling, designed such that the connection units are connected during execution of a haemodialysis treatment with a dialysis liquid chamber (4) of a haemodialysator. The control unit is designed in such a manner that it controls closure units (20, 21) in the context of automatically running sampling control program and pumping devices (17, 18), so that a predetermined quantity of dialysis liquid is conveyed into a sampling set, which is attached to the connecting units. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a sterile sampling set comprising a container (2) a method for sampling hemodialysis device.

Control systems and methods for blood or fluid handling medical devices

A processor of a medical device configured to communicate with a remote server can be programmed to protect the medical device from exposure to unauthorized or malicious software. A system or method to implement this form of protection can include, for example, at least one processor on the medical device, a control software module that controls the operation of the medical device and is executable on the processor, a data management module that manages data flow to and from the control software module from sources external to the medical device, and an agent module that has access to a limited number of designated memory locations in the medical device. In addition, a hemodialysis apparatus can be configured to operate in conjunction with an apparatus for providing purified water from a source such as a municipal water supply or a well. A system for controlling delivery of purified water to the hemodialysis apparatus can comprise a therapy controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with a controller of a water purification device, and a user interface controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with the therapy controller, and to send data to and receive data from a user interface.

Liposomal compositions and methods of using them.

La presente invencion proporciona una composicion liposomal, metodo para usar la composicion liposomal, y dispositivos y modos de operacion de los dispositivos y de las composiciones, y equipos relacionados a los mismos. La invencion se proporciona para el transporte inverso de colesterol desde tejidos perifericos al higado en un mamifero de sangre caliente mientras controla las concentraciones de lipoproteina aterogenica del plasma, que incluye las concentraciones de LDL. El metodo y modo de operacion de los dispositivos incluye la etapa de administrar una cantidad efectiva de multiplicidad de aceptores comprendidos de fosfolipidos substancialmente libres de esterol. El metodo opcionalmente incluye la etapa de ensayar periodicamente las concentraciones de lipoproteinas aterogenicas con un ensayo durante el periodo del tratamiento para evaluar las concentraciones de lipoproteina aterogenica y obtener un perfil de la lipoproteina aterogenica, y ajustar la administracion en respuesta al perfil. Los liposomas grandes son dimensionados mas grandes que las fenestraciones de una capa endotelial que alinea las sinusoidales hepaticas en el higado de tal forma que los liposomas son muy grandes para penetrar facilmente las fenestraciones de una variante. Las cantidades terapeuticamente efectivas estan el rango de aproximadamente 10 mg a aproximadamente 1600 mg de fosfolipidos por kg de peso corporal por dosis. Se proporciona tambien una composicion farmaceutica y equipo relacionado para movilizar colesterol periferico y esfingomielina que entran al higado de un individuo que consiste esencialmente de liposomas de un tamano y conformacion mayor que las fenestraciones de una capa endotelial que alinea las sinusoidales hepaticas en el higado. Se proporciona tambien la invencion para controlar los genes y otros compuestos relacionados con el colesterol.

Sufficiency evaluation method and system

本发明涉及一种充分性评估方法及系统，该方法包括获取生化检验数据，从中提取定期化验记录的最近一次的化验数据；根据所述最近一次的化验数据计算得到体液量；根据所述计算得到的体液量以及指定参数计算出尿素清除指数；显示输出一次充分性评估的所述尿素清除指数。与现有技术相比，本发明一次采集患者透析前的生化检验数据，实现每一次透析自动评估，不依赖血液采集透析前后多次生化检验，不加重患者多次采血失血负担，透析过程中能实时监测透析充分性以及调整治疗方案，同时不依赖透析机及外围辅助设备。

Dialysis system with ultrafiltration control

Systems and methods are disclosed for performing hemodialysis that include fluid handling systems that provide accurate control over the type and level of hemodialysis being performed. The system includes a first pump for pumping dialysate into a dialyzer and a second pump for pumping dialysate out of the dialyzer. The system also includes a third pump that provides improved control of a level of ultrafiltration, hemodiafiltration, or both.

Fluid sampling module

一种用于与主机联机的实时流体监控系统中的流体取样单元。这流体取样单元可用作血液透析治疗中的尿素输入单元。该血液透析监控系统通过测量来自一血液透析设备中所用完的透析液流出物中作为时间的函数的尿素浓度，来定量确定在透析治疗期间所去除的尿素的速率和数量。尿素输入单元面接来自血液透析设备的透析液流出物管道，并周期性地移出一定数量的所用完的透析液流出物用于测量。

Blood treatment systems and methods

Recirculating dialysate fluid circuit for blood measurement

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood in a blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic.

Prediction and optimization of therapy for hemotherapy of renal failure, especially home hemodialysis

Un procedimiento in vitro para predecir concentraciones séricas de fósforo en un paciente durante la hemodiálisis, consistiendo el procedimiento en: medir las concentraciones séricas de fósforo ("C") del paciente durante un tiempo de sesión de tratamiento de hemodiálisis y una velocidad de ultrafiltración ("QUF") calculada por una diferencia entre el peso corporal antes y después de la diálisis del paciente durante una sesión de tratamiento de hemodiálisis inicial dividida entre un tiempo total de tratamiento de la sesión de tratamiento; estimar KM y VPRE para el paciente usando un ajuste de mínimos cuadrados no lineal para las ecuaciones:**Fórmula** y en la que t es un tiempo durante la sesión de tratamiento de hemodiálisis, T es un tiempo después de un final de la sesión de tratamiento de hemodiálisis, ttx es una duración total de la sesión de tratamiento de hemodiálisis, CPRE es una concentración plasmática de fósforo previa a la diálisis, CPOST es una concentración plasmática de fósforo posterior a la diálisis, KM es un aclaramiento por movilización de fósforo del paciente, KR es un aclaramiento renal residual de fosfato, KD es un aclaramiento de fosfato del dializador, VPRE es un volumen de distribución de fósforo previo a la diálisis del paciente, y**Fórmula** y predecir C del paciente en cualquier momento durante cualquier sesión de tratamiento de hemodiálisis usando las ecuaciones 1-A y 1-B con los valores estimados de KM y VPRE del paciente. An in vitro procedure for predicting serum phosphorus concentrations in a patient during hemodialysis, the procedure consisting in: measuring the patient's serum phosphorus concentrations ("C") during a hemodialysis treatment session time and an ultrafiltration rate ( "QUF") calculated by a difference between body weight before and after dialysis of the patient during an initial hemodialysis treatment session divided by a total treatment time of the treatment session; estimate KM and ...

Method of obtaining a balanced dialysate sample Method to automatically obtain the intercompartmental transfer coefficient and apparatus for conducting blood dialysate balance

Device and method for characterizing an extracorporeal blood treatment, and extracorporeal treatment apparatus implementing such a device

The invention relates to a device for characterizing an extracorporeal blood treatment carried out by an extracorporeal treatment apparatus (704, 802) that expels an extracorporeal treatment liquid discharged through a discharge system (706). The device includes a sampling means (102, 104) for sampling, throughout the treatment, a filtrate amount at the outlet of the treatment apparatus (704, 802) and moreover includes a determining means (112, 116, 118, 120) for determining at least one parameter, related to said treatment, by means of analyzing at least one filtrate sample that is collected by the collecting means (102, 104). The device also includes a means (302, 304) for instantaneously sampling the used dialysate at a time t during the dialysis.

Apparatus, disposable and method for point-of-care analysis of a peritoneal dialysis effluent

The invention relates to an apparatus for or performing a peritoneal dialysis treatment on a patient, the apparatus comprising: a dialysis fluid inlet for receiving fresh dialysis fluid from a reservoir; a patient terminal for connecting a patient; a dialysis fluid outlet for draining an effluent of used dialysis fluid; and an effluent container comprising an effluent inlet and arranged to receive effluent from the dialysis fluid outlet through the effluent inlet; wherein the effluent container further comprises an effluent outlet and an associated sample container that is fluidly connected with the effluent outlet via a connector that comprises an openable closure. The invention further relates to a disposable for use in such apparatus, a set of such disposables and a method for analysing a sample from a peritoneal dialysis effluent.

Therapy prediction and optimization for renal failure blood therapy, especially home hemodialysis.

Un sistema de terapia sanguínea de falla renal incluye: (i) una máquina de terapia sanguínea de falla renal; (ii) una prescripción de terapia para un paciente tratado a través de la máquina de terapia sanguínea de falla renal para remover un soluto de la sangre del paciente; (iii) una prueba que incluye múltiples muestras de sangre tomadas en múltiplos tiempos durante una terapia de prueba para determinar los niveles de concentración del soluto a cada uno de los múltiples tiempos; y (iv) un dispositivo programado para utilizar un modelo cinético para el soluto en una primera instancia con al menos uno de los niveles de concentración del soluto para estimar al menos un parámetro estimado del paciente. El dispositivo además está programado para permitir que un usuario determine al menos uno de una duración de terapia, una frecuencia de terapia, una velocidad de flujo del dializado o una velocidad de flujo de sangre para la prescripción de terapia.

Method of suppressing a rise in LDL concentrations after administration of an agent having small acceptors

The present invention provides compositions for, a method of suppressing the rise in plasma concentrations of atherogenic lipoproteins after administration of an agent having small acceptors of cholesterol, other lipids or compounds. The method includes the step of co-administering an effective amount of a multiplicity of an agent having large liposomes that include phospholipids substantially free of sterol with the administration of the agent having the small acceptors. The atherogenic lipoproteins include LDL, VLDL, IDL, β-VLDL, Lp(a), a lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein-B, oxidized lipoproteins, and modified lipoproteins. The agent having small acceptors consists essentially of small acceptors and in which the agent having large liposomes consists essentially of large liposomes. In a variant, co-administration of the agent having large liposomes is simultaneous with the administration of the agent having small acceptors. Optionally, co-administration of the agent having large liposomes is separated in time from the administration of the agent having small acceptors by an effective time period. An improved pharmaceutical composition for reducing the size of arterial lesions that enters the liver of a subject is also provided the improvement comprises an anti-oxidant and derivatives thereof. The invention also provides an improved mode of operation of liposomes utilizing the improvements described herein.

Process for determining a significant parameter of the progress of an extracorporeal blood treatment

RESUME Un procédé de détermination continue d'un paramètre (D, Cbin, K, Kt/v) significatif de l'efficacité d'un traitement extracorporel du sang comporte les étapes de: ~ faire circuler dans un échangeur un liquide de traitement ayant une caractéristique (Cd) liée à l'efficacité du traitement; ~ provoquer une succession de variations de la caractéristique (Cd) en amont de l'échangeur; ~ mettre en mémoire en continu une pluralité de valeurs (Cdin1...Cdinj...Cdinp) de la caractéristique (Cd) en amont de l'échangeur; ~ mesurer et mettre en mémoire en continu une pluralité de valeurs (Cdout1...Cdoutj...Cdoutp) prises par la caractéristique (Cd) en aval de l'échangeur en réponse aux variations de la caractéristique (Cd) provoquées en amont de l'échangeur; ~ calculer, chaque fois qu'un nombre déterminé de nouvelles valeurs (Cdoutj) de la caractéristique (Cd) en aval de l'échangeur a été mémorisé, un paramètre (D, Cbin, K, Kt/v) significatif de l'efficacité du traitement extracorporel du sang, à partir d'une première série de valeurs (Cdinj) de la caractéristique (Cd) en amont de l'échangeur, d'une deuxième série de valeurs (Cdoutj) de la caractéristique (Cd) en aval de l'échangeur, et au moyen d'un modèle mathématique de l'influence de la caractéristique (Cd) sur l'efficacité du traitement, le modèle mathématique ayant au moins un coefficient constitué par un paramètre (D, Cbin) significatif de l'efficacité du traitement extracorporel du sang.

Device for collecting a sample of used dialysis fluid

A device for collecting a used fluid sample representative of the total amount of used fluid discharged at any time after the start of a treatment session using a haemodialysis and/or haemofiltration blood treatment apparatus that includes a fresh treatment fluid supply line (9) connectable to an input of the haemodialysis/haemofiltration unit (1) and a main used fluid discharge line (11) connectable to an output of the haemodialysis/haemofiltration unit (1). The device includes a used fluid sampling line (14) with a first end connected to the main used fluid discharge line (11) and a second end connected to a collecting container (17); first measuring means (21) used for measuring an amount of fluid and arranged on the main discharge line (11) upstream from the junction between the sampling line (14) and the main discharge line (11); and means (22, 23, 24) for causing a metered flow of used fluid into the collecting container (17) on the basis of the data delivered by the first measuring means (21). Said means (22, 23, 24) include second measuring means (22) used for measuring an amount of fluid and arranged on the sampling line (14); first valve means (23) arranged on the sampling line (14); and control means (24) for opening the valve means (23) during dialysis whenever the first measuring means (21) have measured a first predetermined amount (V) of used fluid, and closing the valve means (23) whenever the second measuring means (22) have measured a second predetermined amount (v) of used fluid.

Device for analysing a fluidic sample by microdialysis and method of monitoring a parameter of a fluidic sample

A device for monitoring a parameter of a fluidic sample by microdialysis, the device comprising a permeable membrane, wherein the permeable membrane has a first surface to be brought in contact with the fluidic sample to traverse the permeable membrane (300), wherein the permeable membrane has a second surface to be brought in contact with a dialysis fluid, and wherein the first surface is smoother than the second surface.

Therapy prediction and optimization for renal failure blood therapy, especially home hemodialysis

A method of predicting serum phosphorus concentrations in a patient during hemodialysis includes measuring serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient over a hemodialysis treatment session time and an ultrafiltration rate calculated by a difference between pre- and post-dialytic body weight of the patient during an initial hemodialysis treatment session divided by a total treatment time of the treatment session and estimating a phosphorous mobilization clearance and a pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus for the patient. Serum phosphorus concentrations of the patient can then be predicted at any time during any hemodialysis treatment session with the estimated phosphorous mobilization clearance and pre-dialysis distribution volume of phosphorus of the patient.

Control architecture and methods for blood treatment systems.

Se describen sistemas de diálisis que comprenden accionadores que cooperan para realizar funciones de diálisis y detectores que cooperan para monitorear las funciones de diálisis. De acuerdo con un aspecto, dicho sistema de hemodiálisis comprende una capa de modelo de interfaz de usuario, una capa de terapia, que está abajo de la capa de modelo de interfaz de usuario, y una capa de máquina que está debajo de la capa de terapia. La capa de modelo de interfaz de usuario está configurada para manejar el estado e una interfaz de usuario gráfica y recibir entradas desde una interfaz de usuario gráfica. La capa de terapia está configurada para correr máquinas de estado que generan comandos de terapia basados, por lo menos en parte, en las entradas desde la interfaz de usuario gráfica. La capa de máquina está configurada para proporcionar comandos para los accionadores basados en los comandos de terapia.

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid, may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into first and second compartments.

Fluid sampling or infusion device for an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus

A fluid sampling or infusion device for an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus comprises: a protective body (29) having a first aperture (30) and a second aperture (31) and comprising a connecting device (28) configured to connect, optionally in removable manner, the protective body (29) to a sampling or infusion site (20) of the extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus (1); a needle assembly (33) comprising a first end (34) connected or connectable, optionally in removable manner, to a syringe (22) and a needle (35) protruding from a second end opposite the first end (34). The needle assembly (33) is movable inside the protective body (29) between a first position and a second position. In the first position the needle (35) is completely enclosed by the protective body (29) and in the second position the needle (35) protrudes from the second aperture (31) to pierce the sampling or infusion site (20) .

Device and method for drawing a sample from a fluid-conducting system

The invention relates to a device for drawing a sample from a fluid-conducting system. The device has at least one adapter which comprises at least one septum and at least one cannula which can be moved relative to the septum. The cannula can be moved so as to pass through the septum in a sample drawing position and so as to not pass through the septum in a flushing position. The adapter has at least one flushing region for a flushing medium, said flushing region being arranged so as to be fluidically connected to the interior of the cannula in the flushing position of the cannula. The device has at least one receiving region with locking means for the fluid-conducting system, said locking means being used to fix the fluid conducting system relative to the adapter in a defined position. The invention further relates to a blood treatment device and to a method for drawing a sample from a fluid-conducting system.

Hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysis machines

本发明通常涉及血液透析仪，尤其涉及一种对于血液透析仪的改进的直接的实时血液透析监测方法和系统。该血液透析监测系统通过测试随时间变化的在废的透析流出液中的脲浓度来测定在血液透析仪疗法中去除脲的速率和数量的数值。测定并分析脲浓度一时间分布图以确定脲去除率、比值KT/V、脲去除率URR和归一化的蛋白质代谢率nPCR。可以改变血液透析监测系统和脲监测结构以便在血液透析疗法开始之前和在结束时允许透析流出液中的血液均衡。该血液透析监测系统还可以包括一个两池分析，该两池分析考虑了在治疗过程中从接受血液透析的患者体内的细胞内的和细胞外的空间中脲减损的不同程度。这就能计算溶质的去除率(SRI)。

Liposomal compositions and method of using them

本发明提供脂质体、含有此类脂质体的组合物、试剂盒以及它们的用途。它们可以用于预防或治疗人类的与脂质有关的疾病或状况。其中所述脂质体由基本上不含固醇的磷脂构成。

Method of forcing the reverse transport of cholesterol from a body part to the liver while avoiding harmful disruptions of hepatic cholesterol homeostasis, and pharmaceutical compositions and kit related thereto

The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition, kit, and method of forcing the reverse transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver in vivo while controlling plasma LDL concentrations. The method includes the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of a multiplicity of large liposomes comprised of phospholipids substantially free of sterol for a treatment period. The method optionally includes the step of periodically assaying plasma LDL concentrations with an assay during the treatment period to assess plasma atherogenic lipoprotein concentrations and obtain an atherogenic lipoprotein profile, and adjusting the administration in response to said profile. The large liposomes are dimensioned larger than fenestrations of an endothelial layer lining hepatic sinusoids in the liver so that the liposomes are too large to readily penetrate the fenestrations. The therapeutically effective amounts are in the range of about 10 mg to about 1600 mg phospholipid per kg body weight per dose. A pharmaceutical composition and related kit for mobilizing peripheral cholesterol and sphingomyelin that enters the liver of a subject consisting essentially of liposomes of a size and shape larger than fenestrations of an endothelial layer lining hepatic sinusoids in the liver is also provided.

Method and device for monitoring an extracorporeal blood treatment of a patient

The present invention pertains to Method for monitoring a dialysis treatment of a patient, preferably for monitoring a haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration and/or peritoneal dialysis treatment of a patient, the method including the steps of: irradiating a sample of a dialysis fluid used in the dialysis treatment with linearly polarized irradiation light; detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a first polarization plane; detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a second polarization plane which is different from the first polarization plane; determining the anisotropy of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid; and determining the concentration of at least one fluorophore in the dialysis fluid on the basis of both, the determined anisotropy and the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid.

FLUID SAMPLING MODULE.

SE PRESENTA UN MODULO PARA EL MUESTREO DE FLUIDOS PARA SU UTILIZACION EN SISTEMAS DE MONITORIZACION DE FLUIDOS EN TIEMPO REAL. EL MODULO MUESTREADOR DE FLUIDOS PUEDE UTILIZARSE COMO UN MODULO DE ENTRADA DE UREA EN UN TRATAMIENTO DE HEMODIALISIS. EL SISTEMA DE MONITORIZACION DE LA HEMODIALISIS CUANTIFICA LA VELOCIDAD Y LA CANTIDAD DE LA UREA ELIMINADA DURANTE EL TRATAMIENTO DE HEMODIALISIS MIDIENDO LAS CONCENTRACIONES DE UREA COMO FUNCION DEL TIEMPO EN EL GASTO DEL EFLUYENTE HEMODIALIZADO DE UNA MAQUINA DE HEMODIALISIS. EL MODULO DE ENTRADA DE UREA SE INTERCONECTA CON LA CONDUCCION DE DESECHOS DEL EFLUYENTE HEMODIALIZADO DE LA MAQUINA DE HEMODIALISIS Y ELIMINA PERIODICAMENTE UNA CANTIDAD DEL EFLUYENTE AGOTADO PARA SU MEDIDA. EL MODULO DE ENTRADA DE UREA DETECTA LAS VELOCIDADES DE FLUJO Y ELIMINA ADICIONALMENTE LA BAJA VELOCIDAD DEL FLUJO. EL MODULO DE ENTRADA DE UREA INCLUYE UNA INTERCONEXION CON LA CONDUCCION DEL EFLUYENTE Y PREFERIBLEMENTE INCLUYE UN FILTRO ENTRE EL MODULO DE ENTRADA DE UREA Y EL SENSOR DE UREA.

Nanoclay sorbents for dialysis

Dialysis is enhanced by using nanoclay sorbents to better absorb body wastes in a flow-through system. The nanoclay sorbents, using montmorillonite, bentonite, and other clays, absorb significantly more ammonium, phosphate, and creatinine, and the like, than conventional sorbents. The montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays may be used in wearable systems, such as a wearable peritoneal dialysis system, in which a dialysis fluid is circulated through a filter with the nanoclay sorbents. Waste products are absorbed by the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays and the dialysis fluid is recycled to a patient's peritoneum. Using an ion-exchange capability of the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays, waste ions in the dialysis fluid are replaced with desirable ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. The nanoclay sorbents are also useful for refreshing a dialysis fluid used in hemodialysis and thus reducing a quantity of the dialysis fluid needed for the hemodialysis.

Recirculating dialysate fluid circuit for blood measurement

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood in a blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic.

Method of forcing the reverse transport of cholesterol from a body part to the liver while avoiding harmful disruptions of hepatic cholesterol homeostasis and pharmaceutical compositions and kit related thereto

The present invention provides various methods, systems and compositions for forcing the reverse transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver in vivo while controlling plasma LDL concentrations, and other significant components of living biological systems. The method comprises the step of parenterally administering a therapeutically effective amount of a multiplicity of large liposomes comprised of phospholipids substantially free of sterol for a treatment period whereby said liposomes pick-up said cholesterol during said treatment period. The method optionally includes the step of periodically assaying plasma LDL concentrations with an assay during said treatment period to asess said plasma LDL concentrations and obtain an LDL profile, and adjusting said parenteral administration in response to said LDL profile. Exemplary assays are selected from the group consisting of an assay of plasma esterified cholesterol, an assay of plasma apolipoprotein-B, a gel filtration assay of plasma, an ultracentrifugal assay of plasma, a precipitation assay of plasma, and a immuno turbidometric assay of plasma. Generally the compositions described herein include large liposomes of a size and shape larger than fenestrations of an endothelial layer lining hepatic sinusoids in said liver, whereby said liposomes are too large to readily penetrate said fenestrations. Therapeutically effective amounts of said compositions include in the range of 10 mg to 1600 mg phospholipid per kg body weight per dose. The large liposomes are selected from the group consisting of uni-lamellar liposomes and multi-lamellar liposomes. In variants, the liposomes have diameters larger than about 50 nm, diameters larger than about 80 nm, and diameters larger than about 100 nm. The methods optionally include the step of enhancing tissue penetration of a cholesterol acceptor by co-administration of an effective amount of a compound, said compound selected from the group consisting of a small ...

Blood treatment systems and methods

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

Blood treatment system and method

Devices for and methods of monitoring a parameter of a fluidic sample by microdialysis

A device for monitoring a parameter of a fluidic sample by microdialysis, the device comprising a permeable membrane, wherein the permeable membrane has a first surface to be brought in contact with the fluidic sample to traverse the permeable membrane (300), wherein the permeable membrane has a second surface to be brought in contact with a dialysis fluid, and wherein the first surface is smoother than the second surface.

Dialysis fluid testing system

A method includes flowing spent dialysate through a spent dialysate line of a dialysis system into a fluid receptacle fluidly coupled to the spent dialysate line, reacting the spent dialysate with a chemical reagent contained within the fluid receptacle to generate a reacted sample, emitting electromagnetic radiation through the reacted sample using an emitter; detecting a level of one or more waste products present in the spent dialysate using a spectroscopy sensor positioned proximate the fluid receptacle.

Blood treatment system and method

【課題】透析機能を行うべく協働する複数のアクチュエータと、透析機能を監視すべく協働する複数のセンサとを備える透析システムを提供する。【解決手段】血液透析システムは、ユーザインターフェースモデルレイヤ６６０２と、ユーザインターフェースモデルレイヤの下位の治療レイヤ６６０１と、治療レイヤの下位のマシンレイヤ６６０３とを備える。ユーザインターフェースモデルレイヤは、グラフィカルユーザインターフェースの状態を管理し、入力を受信する。治療レイヤは、グラフィカルユーザインターフェースからの入力に基づき、治療コマンドを生成するステートマシンを実行する。マシンレイヤは、治療コマンドに基づきアクチュエータにコマンドを提供する。【選択図】図６６

Blood treatment systems and methods

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

Hemodialysis device, hemodiafiltration device, method for taking a sample in corresponding devices and sampling kit for use in corresponding devices and method

The invention relates to the field of renal replacement therapy devices. It was found that the connections (14, 15, 101) already present in a hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration device (10) for connection to a hemodialysis device or for providing a substitute liquid can be directly used for taking samples which are required for regular microbiological tests. The invention does not require additional components on the device or laborious sanitary measures to avoid secondary contaminations. Samples can simply be taken by connecting the sterile sampling kit according to the invention. On the device side, it is only necessary to program the control unit (26) to carry out the method according to the invention by controlling closing elements (20, 21, 103) and pump devices (17, 18) in the context of a sampling control program.

Apparatus for dialysis treatment

The control device (18) for setting dialysis fluid flow can adopt an operation mode for ensuring a reduced flow of dialysis fluid through the dialysis fluid chamber (4), during which the means for controlling dialysis fluid flow in the bypass tube (14) and the dialysis fluid supply and/or removal tubes (9, 12) are at least partially opened. The machine contains an extracorporal blood cycle containing a blood chamber (3) divided by a semi-permeable membrane (2) into a blood chamber and dialysis fluid chamber. Tubes for supplying and removing dialysis fluid are connected to the dialysis fluid chamber inlet and outlet respectively. A bypass tube branches off from the supply tube upstream from the dialysis fluid chamber. A means is provided for setting dialysis fluid flow through the supply, removal and bypass tubes, and a device is provided for controlling the flow setting means. An Independent claim is also included for a method for reducing dialysis fluid flow using this machine.

Hemodialysis monitoring system for hemodialysis machines.

Un sistema de monitoreo en tiempo real, en linea (10) para un tratamiento de dialisis, cuantificando el porcentaje y cantidad de un componente, como la urea, removida durante el tratamiento de dialisis, midiendo las concentraciones del componente en funcion del tiempo en el efluente de dializado utilizado en una maquina de dialisis (120). Se remueve periodicamente una cantidad del efluente de dializado utilizado del desperdicio de efluente de dializado para examinarla. Se pueden analizar los indices de una concentracion de urea en un perfil de tiempo para determinar la remocion de urea, KT/V, URR, SRI y el porcentaje de proteina catabolica normalizada (nPCR). El sistema de monitoreo de hemodialisis (10) puede obtener una muestra equilibrada de dializado con la sangre antes de comenzar el tratamiento de hemodialisis. En otro aspecto del sistema de hemodialisis (810) se incluye un aparato para llevar conducir analisis en dos espacios para tomar en cuenta las diferencias de la concentracion del compuesto en los espacios intracelular y extracelular (92, 94) en el paciente durante el tratamiento de hemodialisis para determinar el coeficiente de transferencia intercompartamental K, de un paciente, que permite un ajuste mas preciso de la prescripcion de hemodialisis para el paciente.

Dialysis device and sensor cap and systems and methods incorporating same

透析装置(100)包括：由多个侧壁限定的框架(110)，所述多个侧壁对于被透析的样品是不可渗透的；透析膜(108)的对，所述透析膜的对各自与所述多个侧壁的相对面相连，使得所述多个侧壁和所述透析膜的对限定样品室(112)；外壳(106)，所述外壳围绕所述透析膜的对的至少一部分；以及帽盖(102)，所述帽盖选择性地与所述样品室相连。所述帽盖可以经由附接机构选择性地与所述样品室相连，所述附接机构被配置成当所述帽盖与所述样品室形成紧密结合时提供听觉和/或触觉反馈。所述帽盖可以是传感器帽盖，所述传感器帽盖具有用于测量所述样品室内部和/或外部的流体的至少一种性质的一个或多个探针，以及用于将在所述一个或多个探针处捕获的数据传输到目的地装置的发射器。

Blood treatment system and method

Disposable and system with a port

本發明係有關於一種一次性用品(4000)，其包含一流體管線(4002)和一具有一連接器腔體(4004)之連接器(4001)，用於將該流體管線(4002)與一埠(100)之一第一流體導向器(3)的一第一腔體(31)進行流體連接，該埠進一步包含一第二腔體(51)。本發明進一步係有關於一具有根據本發明之一次性用品(4000)及具有一埠(100)之系統，該埠係用於在一醫療處理設備(2000)之至少一流體管線(2002)和一一次性用品(4000)之一流體管線(4002)的一連接器(4001)之間建立流體連通，該流體管線(2002)係被分配到該醫療處理設備之一內部(I)，該流體管線(4002)係被分配到該醫療處理設備(2000)之一外部(Ä)。

Tube insert for a hydraulic tube set of a blood treatment device

本发明涉及一种用于透析液体管线(111)或液压管组(200)的管插入件(2000)，每个管插入件都包括：至少一个壳体(2030)；一个用于将所述液压管组(100)的管区段(111a)连接到所述管插入件(2000)的第一连接点(2001)；用于将所述液压管组(100)的第二管区段(111b)连接到所述管插入件(2000)的第二连接点(2003)；用于将流体接收器连接到所述管插入件(2000)的第三连接点(2005)；具有纵向延伸部的主管线(2007)，用于引导液体、优选地透析液体通过所述管插入件(2000)并沿从所述第一连接点(2001)到所述第二连接点(2003)的流动方向、优选地沿纵向方向和/或平行于所述主管线(2007)的中心线(M_H)，其中，所述主管线(2007)与所述第一连接点(2001)和所述第二连接点(2003)流体连通；用于将液体的至少一部分引导出所述主管线(2007)的次级管线(2011)，其中，所述次级管线(2011)与所述第三连接点(2005)流体连通，其中，在所述管插入件(2000)的布置在所述第一连接点(2001)与所述第二连接点(2003)之间的居间区段(2009)中的所述次级管线(2011)与所述主管线(2007)流体连通，并且其中，所述次级管线(2011)包括鲁尔可激活阀(LAV)和阀主体(2025)；其中，所述管插入件(2000)还包括用于使在所述主管线(2007)中流动的液体或其部分偏离所述流动方向并朝向所述次级管线(2011)的偏转元件(2021)流动。

Dialysate extraction device

Hemodialysis device, hemodiafiltration device, method for taking a sample in corresponding devices and sampling kit for use in corresponding devices and method

The invention relates to the field of renal replacement therapy devices. It was found that the connections (14, 15, 101) already present in a hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration device (10) for connection to a hemodialysis device or for providing a substitute liquid can be directly used for taking samples which are required for regular microbiological tests. The invention does not require additional components on the device or laborious sanitary measures to avoid secondary contaminations. Samples can simply be taken by connecting the sterile sampling kit according to the invention. On the device side, it is only necessary to program the control unit (26) to carry out the method according to the invention by controlling closing elements (20, 21, 103) and pump devices (17, 18) in the context of a sampling control program.

Extracorporeal blood treatment device and collecting container thereof

An extracorporeal blood treatment device is disclosed. The device includes a blood treatment unit connected to an extracorporeal blood circuit, a waste liquid discharge line for evacuating waste treatment liquid from the blood treatment unit, and a collecting container for collecting waste treatment liquid evacuated via the waste liquid discharge line. The collecting container is removably connected to the waste liquid discharge line via a one way valve. A collecting container for a device is also disclosed. The container includes a waste fluid input line, wherein a one way valve is arranged in the waste fluid input line.

System and method for monitoring the health of dialysis patients

A system and method for monitoring the health of dialysis patients with Raman spectroscopy measurements of one or more target analytes is described. The methods include irradiating one or more fluids of interest with light to produce one or more spectrum and detecting the spectrum with a detector. The fluids of interest are preferably those related to dialysis, including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In a preferred embodiment, the fluids are irradiated with monochromatic light, and one or more Raman spectra are detected as a result of the irradiation. The fluids may be irradiated within the dialysis tubing itself, or removed from the dialysis tubing and irradiated in a separate chamber. The Raman spectra of one or more target analytes of a dialysis patient may be followed over time or compared to one or more reference spectra, thereby providing information on the health of dialysis patients.