СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ КОНСТРУКТИВНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА ИЗ ПОРОШКООБРАЗНОГО ИСХОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА И ПРИГОДНЫЙ ДЛЯ ЭТОГО ЭКСТРАКТОР

Изобретение относится к изготовлению конструктивных элементов путем литья под давлением, в частности к способу удаления вспомогательных веществ из заготовки. Способ изготовления конструктивного элемента из порошкообразного материала включает смешивание исходных компонентов с образованием текучей массы, из массы литьем под давлением получение заготовки. Заготовку нагревают, непрерывно или поэтапно повышая температуру, и воздействуют на нее потоком уплотненного, сверхкритического обрабатывающего газа с целью экстракции части вспомогательных веществ. Способ осуществляют в экстракторе, содержащем герметичный корпус, охватывающий рабочее пространство. При этом рабочее пространство снабжено по меньшей мере одним впуском для обрабатывающего газа и по меньшей мере одним выпуском для отработанного газа и имеет запираемое отверстие для загрузки и извлечения заготовок, выполненное в боковой ограничительной стенке. Техническим результатом является быстрое и щадящее удаление связующего. 2 н. и 9 з.п ...

СПОСОБ ЭКСТРАКЦИИ И СПОСОБ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ РЕАКЦИИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СВЕРХКРИТИЧЕСКИХ ФЛЮИДОВ

В заявке описан способ удаления растворимого материала из различных субстратов, который может найти применение в процессе экстракции и при проведении каталитических реакций. Способ заключается в том, что на субстрат воздействуют сверхкритическим флюидом, в котором указанный материал практически полностью растворяется, а субстрат не растворяется, и давление сверхкритического флюида периодически модулируют между двумя или несколькими уровнями давления, которые выбирают таким образом, чтобы относительная разность между максимальным и минимальным значениями плотности сверхкритического флюида при этих уровнях давления составляла не более приблизительно 30%. Способ позволяет повысить эффективность экстракции, увеличить скорости каталитических реакции и сохранить на соответствующем уровне активность катализатора. 5 н. и 38 з.п. ф-лы, 7 табл., 3 ил.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЭКСТРАКЦИИ ВЕЩЕСТВ ИЗ МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ СИЛАНОМ НАПОЛНИТЕЛЕЙ

Изобретение может быть использовано в промышленности пластмасс или резиновой промышленности. Способ заключается в пропускании, по меньшей мере, одного сжатого под действием давления и/или температуры газа в рассчитанном на работу под давлением аппарате в радиальном направлении через наполнитель. Из модифицированного силаном наполнителя с помощью сорбента удаляют экстрагированные вещества. Устройство включает, по меньшей мере, один рассчитанный на работу под давлением аппарат с, по меньшей мере, одной газопроницаемой внутренней емкостью, сеткой или вставкой для размещения наполнителей. По меньшей мере одно находящееся в насыпном слое наполнителя устройство для подвода и отвода газа обеспечивает радиальную подачу газа в насыпной слой наполнителя и, соответственно, радиальный отвод газа из насыпного слоя наполнителя. Изобретение позволяет повысить расход сжатых газов при одновременно происходящей эффективной экстракции веществ и обеспечить их эффективное разделение. 2 н. и 12 з.п. ф-лы, 20 ...

Разделения, проводимые в отношении мишенного устройства

Группа изобретений относится к средствам генерирования радиоизотопов. Система для генерирования радиоизотопов включает один или более контейнеров, включая первый контейнер, причем первый контейнер содержит материал источника, который включает по меньшей мере один материал мишени. Система содержит генератор излучения и камеру радиационной бомбардировки для вмещения одного или более контейнеров. Используется компонент введения, приспособленный для перемещения материала для экстракции в первый контейнер, приводя при этом материал источника внутри первого контейнера в контакт с материалом для экстракции. Материал для экстракции выбран для растворения, без растворения материала мишени, одного или более радиоизотопов; предусмотрен компонент экстракции, обеспечивающий извлечение материала для экстракции с растворенным радиоизотопом из первого контейнера без извлечения материала мишени из первого контейнера. Техническим результатом является увеличение эффективности системы генерирования радиоизотопов ...

ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЕ ФОСФАТА ИЗ ОСАДКА СТОЧНЫХ ВОД

Изобретение относится к извлечению ценных веществ, прежде всего фосфата, из содержащихся в осадке сточных вод или образовавшихся при его переработке продуктов, а именно: из осадка сточных вод, из золы, образовавшейся при сжигании осадка сточных вод, или шлака, образовавшегося при переработке осадка сточных вод или содержащегося в нем, путем экстракции. Приготавливают суспензию содержащегося в осадке сточных вод или образовавшегося при его переработке продукта в воде, спирте, водно-спиртовой смеси или водном растворе, в суспензию содержащегося в осадке сточных вод или образовавшегося при его переработке продукта вводят газообразный диоксид углерода (CO) или сверхкритический диоксид углерода (scCO) в качестве экстрагента, от жидкого суспендирующего агента отделяют нерастворившиеся твердые вещества, из суспендирующего агента удаляют диоксид углерода, осаждают растворенные в суспендирующем агенте ценные вещества и отделяют их от суспендирующего агента. Техническим результатом изобретения является ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТАБАЧНОГО ЭКСТРАКТА

Изобретение предлагает способ получения табачного экстракта, включающий: (a) контактирование табака с растворителем для экстракции таким образом, чтобы табачные компоненты экстрагировались из табака в растворитель, при этом растворитель для экстракции содержит сверхкритический флюид (сверхкритическую жидкость); (b) отделение остаточных сухих веществ табака от сверхкритического растворителя для экстракции, содержащего табачные компоненты; (c) подвергание растворителя для экстракции, содержащего табачные компоненты, таким условиям в экстракторе, при которых растворитель для экстракции является субкритическим, благодаря чему табачные компоненты высвобождаются из растворителя для экстракции; и последующее (d) пропускание потока улавливающего растворителя через сосуд, при этом улавливающий растворитель растворяет табачные компоненты, причём улавливающий растворитель содержит агент, генерирующий аэрозоль. 5 н. и 6 з.п. ф-лы.

Способ удаления кофеина из сырого кофе

Способ извлечения кофеина из растительного сырья

ÜBERKRITISCHE MIZELLENTRENNUNG IN DER FLÜSSIG-UMKEHRPHASE.

VORRICHTUNG ZUR EXTRAKTION MIT EINEM SUPERKRITISCHEN FLUIDUM

Caffeine removal from coffee - by extraction with water, stripping with liq. or supercritical and renewed extraction

Caffeine is brought into an aq. soln., extd. with supercritical or liq. CO2 and recovered from CO2 soln. Crude coffee is first treated, at higher temp., with water contg. same concn. of soluble coffee constituents, with exception of caffeine. Caffeine is stripped from aq. exn. soln. by using liq. CO2, at >15 degrees, or super-critical CO2. Residual soln. is re-used s extractant. Caffeine is recovered from extract, pref. with water. Caffeine-free or caffeine-deficient coffee can be prepd. without loss in quality and with simultaneous recovery of caffeine. When using liquid CO2, aq. extn. soln. is pref. treated at 20-31 degrees C and 80-300 (250) bar. With super-critical CO2, temp. is esp. 31-95 (60-95) degrees C under 75-400 (120-300) bar.

PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF FRAGRANCES FROM THE VANILLA CAPSULE

VERFAHREN ZUR KONTINUIERLICHEN EXTRAKTION VON HOCH- BZW. NICHTSIEDENDEN ABER SCHMELZENDEN ORGANISCHEN STOFFGEMISCHEN

METHODE UND APPARAT ZUR AUTOMATISCHEN EXTRAKTION VON ANALYT

VERFAHREN ZUM ENTCOFFEINIEREN VON NATURSTOFFEN, INSBESONDERE ROHKAFFEE ODER TEE.

Apparatus for semicontinuous performance of extraction processes

Extraction processes having a solvent circulated by a pump (27) through an extractor and a separator (29) can be carried out semicontinuously by using a plurality of extractors which are connected together, by pipes furnished with valves, in such a way that they can be connected one after the other in a specified sequence. One extractor is separated off in each case from the solvent circulation for draining and filling. To reduce the considerable expenditure on piping and valves required for this, the extractors, (31, 32, 33, 34) are installed on a rotatable platform (24) and, after rotating the platform, are sequentially connected by couplings to a pump and separator in order to carry out each respective step of the specified sequence. ...

Verfahren zur Desodorierung von Lignin

Verbessertes Verfahren zur Kohlenstoffdioxid-Extraktion von Phosphaten aus Rohstoffen

Um ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Kohlenstoffdioxid-Extraktion von Phosphaten aus Rohstoffen bereit zu stellen, bei dem höhere Ausbeuten erreicht werden, wird erfindungsgemäß ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, bei dem man(a) Kohlenstoffdioxid in eine wässrige, alkoholische oder wässrig/alkoholische Suspension des Rohstoffes einleitet,(b) das Kohlenstoffdioxid in der Suspension unter erhöhtem Druck auf den Rohstoff einwirken lässt, anschließend(c) ungelöste Feststoffe aus der Suspension abtrennt, wobei eine Flüssigkeit erhalten wird, und danach(d) aus der in Stufe c) erhaltenen Flüssigkeit darin gelöste Phosphate ausfällt und von der Flüssigkeit abtrennt, wobei das Verfahren insbesondere dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Stufen (a) und (b) in einem kontinuierlich betriebenen Reaktor durchgeführt werden, bis der pH-Wert der Suspension ≤ 6,9 beträgt. Des Weiteren wird eine verfahrenstechnische Anlage vorgeschlagen, mit der dieses Verfahren ausgeführt werden kann.

VERFAHREN ZUR ENTCOFFEINIERUNG VON KAFFEE

Regeneration of a polymeric adsorbent - by contacting with a supercritical fluid to remove the adsorbate by dissolution

Parent patent describes the removal of organic impurities from water using an adsorbent and sepg. the adsorbate from the adsorbent by bringing the adsorbent contg. adsorbate into contact with a supercritical fluid which is a solvent for the adsorbate, so that the latter is dissolved and removed from the adsorbent. In this addition (a) a polymeric adsorbent (PA) is contacted with a stream of water contg. the organic material (OM) so that the OM is adsorbed by the PA; (b) the PA contg. OM is contacted with a supercritical fluid so that the OM dissolves in the supercritical fluid; (c) the supercritical fluid contg. OM is sepd. from the adsorbent; (d) the supercritical fluid is transformed by a physical treatment into a non-solvent for the OM and a 2-phase system is formed; (e) the non-solvent supercritical fluid phase is sepd. from the OM phase; and (f) the supercritical fluid is reconverted into a solvent for the OM by a physical method. Used to remove impurities e.g. pesticides, insecticides ...

Washing oily solids

Oil residues are removed from contaminated solids, in particular from cuttings produced from drilling a borehole using an oil-based drilling fluid, by contacting the solids with a washing fluid which comprises carbon dioxide and cosolvent under conditions at which carbon dioxide is a supercritical fluid and the cosolvent is in solution in the supercritical carbon dioxide, and then separating washed solids from the washing fluid; wherein the washing fluid comprises at least 5% by volume of co-solvent which is one or more organic compounds with a Hildebrand solubility parameter in a range from 16 to 21 MPa1/2. The washing process may be applied to drilling cuttings produced offshore. The co-solvent may include at least one of a cycloaliphatic ring, an olefinic unsaturation, an ester group and an ether group, and may be d-limonene, α-pinene, methyl ester of soybean oil, cyclohexane or glyceryl palmitate.

Apparatus and method for extracting biomass

An apparatus for extracting biomass includes a closed loop circuit comprising an extraction vessel 11, an evaporator (12, Fig. 1), a compressor (13 Fig. 1), a condenser (14, Fig. 1) and optionally, a storage container 15 operatively connected in series. A pumped recirculation loop 20 recirculates a portion of the output of the extraction vessel 11 for further contact with the biomass. One or more modifiable resistances to flow 21, 23 control the flow of solvent around the recirculation loop 20 and the main closed loop. The modifiable resistances may include adjustable flow control valves and/or orifice plates. The biomass in the extraction vessel 11 is in the form of a packed bed occupying substantially entirely the cross-section of a part of the extraction vessel 11 in which the solvent contacts the biomass. A method for the use of this apparatus for the extraction of biomass is also claimed.

Apparatus and method for controlling a near-critical fluid

The present invention pertains to a process related control of flow characteristics in a convectional flow of a near-critical fluid, in particular a process heating arrangement 1 for controlling a convectional flow of a near-critical fluid in a conduit 30. The process heating arrangement for controlling a convectional flow of a near-critical fluid in a conduit comprises a first heating device 10, which is configured to output heat to a first heated fluid conducting surface of the conduit and a second heating device 12, which is configured to output heat to a second heated fluid conducting surface of the conduit. The process heating arrangement furthermore comprises a control unit 20 configured to control the heat output of said first and second heating devices. Accordingly, the process heating arrangement is configured to control a process flow and in particular to remedy or prevent the occurrence of oscillations preferably by adjusting the heat output or adjusting a heat flux density of ...

Hop extraction

PCT No. PCT/DE79/00058 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 31, 1979 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 31, 1979 PCT Filed Jun. 19, 1979. Isomerization of alpha acids contained in hop extracts obtained with liquid or fluid CO2 or organic solvents is carried out by mixing the extract with one or more adsorption agents and treating the resulting mixture in a closed pressurized container with fluid CO2 under a pressure greater than 50 bars and at a temperature greater than 33 DEG C. to form iso-alpha acids. During isomerization in the container, essentially no iso-alpha acids become dissolved in the fluid CO2 and the iso-alpha acids are removed from the container as a dry substance. Adsorption agents that may be used are bentonite, fuller's earth, and alkali and alkaline earth metal salts or oxides.

METHOD OF PRODUCING SPICE EXTRACTS WITH A NATURAL COMPOSITION

... 1336511 Spice extracts HAG AG 2 June 1972 [3 June 1971] 25937/72 Heading A2B Ethercal oils active as odour components are extracted by means of a dry supercritical gas, and are recovered from the resultant solution by variation of temperature and/or pressure. Likewise taste components may be recovered by using a wet supercritical gas. The odour and taste components may thereafter be mixed. The residual spices may be extracted with water, and the extracted material thereafter mixed with the taste and odour components. Suitable gases include N 2 O, SF 6 , CHF 3 , CF 3 Cl, CHF 2 Cl, CF 2 =CH 2 , C s Fg, C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , and CO 2 . Examples relate to the extraction of black pepper, cloves, cinnamon, and vanilla pod.

Apparatus and method for extracting biomass

PROCESS FOR THE DECAFFEINATION OF COFFEE

Apparatus and method for controlling near-critical fluid

Supercritical fluid cleaning of banknotes and secure documents

Supercritical fluid cleaning of banknotes and secure documents

Continuous extractor, concentrator and dryer

Elimination of stimulative xanthins of the cocoa.

Method for removing residual additives from elastomeric articles

A method for decaffeinating the coffee

Oleaginous seed oil extraction by ultrasounds.

Continuous extractor, concentrator and dryer

Supercritical fluid cleaning of banknotes and secure documents

Continuous extractor, concentrator and dryer

VERFAHREN ZUM EXTRAHIEREN VON KOFFEIN AUS LOESUNGEN DESSELBEN IN KOHLENSAEURE UNTER HOHEM DRUCK

PROCEDURE FOR EXTRACTING KOFFEIN FROM SOLUTIONS OF THE SAME IN CARBONIC ACID UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

PROCEDURE FOR ENTCOFFEINIERUNG OF RAW COFFEE

PROCEDURE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF CHAMOMILE

PROCEDURE FOR ENTCOFFEINIERUNG OF COFFEE OF MEANS OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

PROCEDURE FOR THE ISOLATION OF MATERIALS FROM PLANT MATERIAL

VERFAHREN ZUR EXTRAKTION VON KAMILLE

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES EXRAKTES AUS EINEM ORGANISCHEM MATERIAL, VORZUGSWEISE HOPFEN

VERFAHREN ZUR ENTCOFFEINIERUNG VON ROHKAFFEE

VERFAHREN ZUR ENTCOFFEINIERUNG VON KAFFEE MITTELS UEBERKRITISCHEN KOHLENDIOXIDS

PROCEDURE AND ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FILLING OF A PRESSURE CHAMBER

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FATS AND OLEN FROM VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS

PROCEDURE FOR ENTCOFFEINIERUNG OF COFFEE OF MEANS OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

PROCEDURE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF INTERNAL FATS FROM WOOL OF MEANS OF SUPERCRITICAL LIQUIDS

PROCEDURE FOR ENTCOFFEINIERUNG OF RAW COFFEE

EXTRACTION OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS FROM FORMED MATERIALS BY SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS AND GASES, CLOSE ONES AT THE CRITICAL POINT.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PLANT EXTRACTS WITH IMPROVED SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS.

LIQUID EXTRACTION FROM SOLIDS OF MEANS MASS TRANSFER.

PROCEDURE FOR THE ENTCOFFEINIEREN OF COFFEE.

SUPERCRITICAL ONE MIZELLENTRENNUNG IN THE LIQUID REVERSAL PHASE.

PROCEDURE FOR REMOVING FROM REMAINDER SOLVENTS AND REMAINDER MONOMERS FROM POWDERED POLYMERS

PROCEDURE FOR SEPARATING MEANS HIGH PRESSURE EXTRACTION WON MATERIALS.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE ULTRASONIC EXTRACTION OF OIL MATERIALS FROM OIL SAATEN.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SPICE EXCERPTS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE SEPARATION FROM ORGANIC COMPONENTS ABSTENTION MATERIAL MIXTURES.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CONSTRUCTION UNIT FROM POWDERED RAW MATERIAL AND FOR IT SUITABLE EXTRACTOR

Procedure for the production of flavour components containing coffee oil from roasting coffee

Procedure for the production of coffeinfreiem Kaffee-Extrakt

PROCEDURE FOR THE TREATMENT OF WOOD USING A CARRIER FLUID UNDER HIGH PRESSURE WITHOUT DAMAGE OF THE WOOD

SOLVENT EXTRACTION

PROCEDURE FOR the PRODUCTION OF NEW ONE 11-substituted 10,11-DIHYDRO-5,10-EPOXY-5-AMINOPROPYL-5H-DIBENZO<A, D>CYCLOHEPTAENVERBINDUNGEN AND OF THEIR SAEUREADDITIONSSALZEN AND N-OXIDES

PROCEDURE FOR THE EXTRACTION WITH A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID

INSTRUMENT FOR ANALYTICAL SAMPLE PREPARATION

INSTRUMENT FOR ANALYTICAL SAMPLE PREPARATION Abstract An instrument (30) for extraction based molecular sample preparation and related processes is disclosed. The instrument (30) includes a thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber (42) and a thermally conductive sample cup (45) positioned in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber (42) for heating liquids and solids together in the thermally conductive sample cup. A liquid delivery inlet fixture in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber delivers liquids (solvent) from a supply to the thermally conductive sample cup in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber, and a chiller in liquid communication with the thermally conductive sample cup in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber receives heated liquids from the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber when the chamber is opened to atmospheric pressure. Figure 1 ...

Compositions containing thymohydroquinone and their method of preparation

Disclosed are compositions enriched with thymohydroquinone, further comprising of thymoquinone, hederagenm and/or α-hederin formulated by blending the active molecules isolated from the seeds of ...

Near-critical fluid extraction process

Dense gas means for extraction of solute from solids

Natural product extraction

BRITTLE GRINDING AND EXTRACTION OF ANIMAL AND PLANT DERIVED MATERIALS

DECAFFEINATED COFFEE BLEND

FRACTIONATION OF FATS IN BUTTER SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTION

Targetry coupled separations

Targetry coupled separations refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

Supercritical fluid chromatography system

Provided is a supercritical fluid chromatography system, and components comprising such a system, including one or more of a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel, and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller and the use of the chiller allow efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps in the supercritical chromatography system using liquid-phase gas mobile phase. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges in the supercritical chromatography system. The cyclonic separator efficiently and effectively allows for separation of sample molecules from a liquid phase or gas phase stream of a supercritical fluid.

Method for production of hop extracts and hop extracts obtained thereby

Novel extracts of cucurbita sp., process for their preparation and use in medicaments and in cosmetics

PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF LACTONES FROM LIPID MATERIAL AND USE OF THE EXTRACT THUS OBTAINED FOR FLAVOURING FOODSTUFFS

METHOD FOR DEGREASING CRUSHED HIGHLY STARCHY FATTY VEGETABLE MATERIAL

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF FORM-LABILE, FLOWABLE MASSES

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DECAFFEINATED TEA

PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING COMPOUNDS FROM PLANTS

The present invention provides a method for selectively extracting acidic and/or non-acidic compounds from natural material such as plant tissue.

METHOD FOR TREATING AND EXTRACTING CORK ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, WITH A DENSE FLUID UNDER PRESSURE

Procédé de traitement du liège ou d'un matériau à base de liège, en vue notamment d'en extraire les composés organiques contaminants dans lequel on met en contact le liège ou ledit matériau à base de liège avec un fluide dense sous pression, à une température de 10 à 120 .degree.C et sous une pression de 10 à 600 bars. Installation de fabrication de pièces en liège ou en matériau à base de liège, tels que des bouchons comprenant une installation de traitement ou d'extraction par mise en contact dudit liège ou dudit matériau avec un fluide dense sous pression.

EXTRACTION OF A COMPONENT FROM A COMPOSITION USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID

A system for extracting a component from a composition is disclosed and includes an extraction and separation device containing the composition that receives a supercritical fluid, wherein the supercritical fluid extracts the component from the composition and is then separated from the component. The system may also include a feed pump that receives and pressurizes a fluid, wherein the component is resolvable to the fluid in a supercritical phase; a solar collector that receives the fluid from the feed pump and heats the fluid to a supercritical phase to form a supercritical fluid, wherein the extraction and separation device receives the supercritical fluid from the solar collector; and a heat exchanger that receives the fluid from the extraction and separation device and cools the fluid for returning to the feed pump. A method utilizing this system is also disclosed.

COAL LIQUEFACTION PROCESS USING SUPERCRITICAL VAPOR EXTRACTION OF LIQUID FRACTIONS TO REMOVE PARTICULATE SOLIDS

A coal liquefaction process for producing hydrocarbon liquid and gas products wherein fine particulate solids are removed in-situ from the reactor effluent slurry liquid by using a process-derived solvent vapor at supercritical conditions. In the process, a coal-oil feed is liquefied and hydrogenated at 650-900.degree.F temperature, and the resulting liquid slurry fraction containing fine particulate solids is contacted with a process-derived solvent vapor fraction having normal boiling range of 250-400.degree.F at supercritical temperature to dissolve and extract substantially all the hydrocarbon liquid fraction and separate the particulate solids contained therein. The resulting solvent vapor with dissolved coal liquid fraction is pressure-reduced and distilled to recover the needed solvent fraction and provide a hydrocarbon liquid fraction product. The coal liquefaction step is preferably catalytic. Also if desired, the supercritical solvent vapor extraction step can be used intermediate ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CRUDE COAL-TAR PITCHES HAVING IMPROVED PROPERTIES AND USE OF SAME

Depending on requirements and intended use crude pitches are mixed from coal-tar-pitch fractions obtained by extraction with an above-critical gas and an entraining agent from the above-critical solution by gradually changing the pressure and the temperature. Ash-free as well as QI-free and TI-free fractions are obtained. Primarily low-boiling aliphatic and olefinic hydrocarbons are used as extracting agents and aromatic hydrocarbons as entraining agents. The crude pitches are used, for example, for producing carbon black and for producing carbon mouldings.

A METHOD AND PROCESS FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE-AND DENSITY PROFILES IN DENSE FLUID PROCESSES

The present invention relates to a method of treating a material contained in a vessel. This method involves a fluid present in the vessel and comprises at least one pressurisation step in which the pressure in the vessel is increased and at least one depressurisation step in which the pressure in the vessel is decreased. The invention further relates to an apparatus for executing this method and the products obtained by this method.

PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF HOP CONSTITUENTS

METHODS FOR EXTRACTION, PROCESSING, AND PURIFICATION OF A SELECTED FAMILY OF TARGET COMPOUNDS FROM CANNABIS

Disclosed are methods for separating, recovering, and purifying tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) salts from an organic solvent solution comprising a mixture of cannabinoids. The methods comprise solubilizing the mixture of cannabinoids in a selected C5-C7 hydrocarbon solvent, adding thereto a selected amine to thereby precipitate a THCA-amine salt therefrom, dissolving the recovered THCA-amine salt in a selected solvent and then adding thereto a selected antisolvent to thereby recrystallize a purified THCA-amine salt therefrom. The recrystallized THCA-amine salt may be decarboxylated to form a mixture of A9-tetrahydrocannabinol (A9-THC) and amine. The A9-THC amine mixture may be acidified to separate the amine from A9-THC. The recovered A9-THC may be concentrated to produce a highly purified A9-THC. Also disclosed are THCA-amine salts produced with amines selected from groups of diamines, amino alcohols, and tertiary amines.

METHOD FOR EXTRACTING COMPOSITIONS FROM PLANTS

Methods for extracting and concentrating cannabinoids using ultrasound-enhanced solvent extraction. Freshly harvested cannabis plant materials, which may be selectively chosen plant parts or the entire plant itself, are shredded to a particular particle size. The plant material is then mixed with a solvent to form a slurry, and thereafter subjected to ultrasound to release intracellular contents into the solvent. Filtering steps are then applied to remove biomass, waxes and chlorophyll. Water removal and solvent recovery steps are further applied to ultimately derive an extract having high concentrations of target cannabinoids, and in particular cannabidiol (CBD). The methods may be deployed on-site in batch or continuous flow processes, and may further be utilized to derive other types of materials from plants, such as essential oils.

METHOD FOR OBTAINING FRUIT WAX

The invention relates to a method for obtaining fruit wax from plant constituents, said method being carried out essentially using compressed C2-C4 hydrocarbons. Unlike previous extraction methods with supercritical CO2, the inventive method can be carried out at low pressures and with a reduced extraction means throughput. Residues from the fruit treatment, especially peel from the juicing process, are used as starting materials. Preferred extraction agents are ethane, propane, butane and the mixtures thereof, the extraction itself being carried out in batches at pressures of < 50 mPa and temperatures of < 70 ~C, with an extraction agent throughput of between 4 and 20 kg/kg of starting materials. The extracted fruit wax is outstandingly suitable for cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations, especially for the care and treatment of the skin.

DETERMINATION OF ANALYTES IN A SAMPLE MATRIX BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION

Determination of Analytes in a Sample Matrix by Solvent Extraction A method for the assay of one or more analytes in a sample matrix comprising the steps of: performing analyte extraction on the sample matrix, said analyte extraction comprising combining the sample matrix with a solvent for an extraction period which is less than that required for reaching equilibrium; and separating the analyte containing solvent from the sample matrix; next measuring a level of analyte present in the separated solvent; and then applying in a computer a calibration by which is established a mathematical relationship between levels of analyte extracted from each of a plurality of reference samples by means of the process employed above in the extraction for the sample matrix and a reference value of the levels of analyte for each reference sample to thereby derive a measure of the level of analyte in the sample matrix. Specifically a method to determine the amount of mycotoxins in cereal grain, especially ...

TARGETRY COUPLED SEPARATIONS

Targetry coupled separations refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

NATURAL PRODUCT EXTRACTION

In a method for extracting products of value from animal or vegetable starting material, a solution is to be created, with which extraction is improved, with regard to both the yield and separation of natural products to be extracted, and management of the method. This is achieved in that soluble constituents are extracted from the starting material in a first extraction step, using CO2, and subsequently, in a second extraction step, other constituents are extracted with compressed hydrocarbons.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TISSUE TREATMENT WITH CRITICAL/SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

Methods of decontaminating bone tissue and an apparatus or system for the same are provided. The methods can be multi-batch processes and include contacting the bone tissue having contaminants with carbon dioxide to decontaminate the bone tissue and to form carbon dioxide having contaminants. The contaminated carbon dioxide is collected and the contaminants are removed to obtain purified carbon dioxide which can be recycled to treat contaminated bone tissue. The contaminated carbon dioxide can be purified by bubbling it through water and/or an organic solvent followed by acid treatment, filtering and liquefying the carbon dioxide. Contaminants that can be removed from contaminated bone tissue, and in turn, from contaminated carbon dioxide include infectious organisms, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasites, fungi and mold or a mixture thereof 118.-. (canceled)19. A system for treating contaminated bone tissue with purified carbon dioxide , the system comprising a bone tissue chamber configured for holding contaminated bone tissue and receiving purified carbon dioxide into the bone tissue chamber and evacuating contaminated carbon dioxide from the bone tissue chamber; a purified carbon dioxide supply configured for supplying purified carbon dioxide to the bone tissue chamber to decontaminate the bone tissue; a collection chamber configured to receive contaminated carbon dioxide from the bone tissue chamber and evacuate contaminated carbon dioxide from the collection chamber; and a purification chamber configured to receive contaminated carbon dioxide from the collection chamber and to remove contaminants from the contaminated carbon dioxide by a purification material to obtain purified carbon dioxide , the purification chamber configured to evacuate the purified carbon dioxide and supply it to the bone tissue chamber.20. A system for treating contaminated bone tissue with purified carbon dioxide of claim 19 , further comprising a controller and a signal transmission ...

Use of cannabinoids in the treatment of epilepsy

The present invention relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment of focal seizures. In one embodiment the patients suffering from focal seizures are children and young adults. CBD appears particularly effective in reducing focal seizures in patients suffering with etiologies that include: Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex; Dravet Syndrome; CDKL5; Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL); febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES); Aicardi syndrome and brain abnormalities in comparison to other seizure types. Significantly CBD additionally is very effective in the reduction of a sub-type of focal seizures, focal seizures with impairment.

Instrument for analytical sample preparation

An instrument for extraction based molecular sample preparation and related processes is disclosed. The instrument includes a thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber and a thermally conductive sample cup positioned in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber for heating liquids and solids together in the thermally conductive sample cup. A liquid delivery inlet fixture in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber delivers liquids (solvent) from a supply to the thermally conductive sample cup in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber, and a chiller in liquid communication with the thermally conductive sample cup in the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber receives heated liquids from the thermally conductive pressure resistant heating chamber when the chamber is opened to atmospheric pressure.

CO2 Extraction and Filtration System

Provided is an extraction system which can be used to recover light oils and other organic materials during a supercritical or subcritical fluid extraction. The extraction system may include a dual purpose pressure vessel which can be used as an independent, full spectrum extractor by adding organic material within a compartment within the vessel and passing liquefied, compressed gases onto and through organic material as well as a separator to separate the extracting fluid from the extracted material. Filter membranes having different size pore openings designed to capture and retain various compounds based on their molecular size may be used in conjunction with the pressure vessel. The filter membranes are part of a filtration system which may be incorporated as an internal component of the pressure vessel or may be utilized at different locations within the extraction system. 1. An extraction system comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a tank containing COgas which comprises an inlet for filling the tank with COgas and an outlet for allowing the gas to enter the extraction system;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'an extraction vessel comprising an inlet which receives COgas through one or more conduits and an outlet, wherein the extraction vessel is pressurized and maintained at a temperature to convert the carbon dioxide gas to liquefied carbon dioxide, further wherein the liquefied COis passed through organic material placed within the extraction vessel to extract various compounds from the organic material;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'optionally, a first separator comprising an inlet and an outlet wherein the first separator receives liquefied COfrom the extraction vessel through one or more conduits which connect the outlet of the extraction vessel to the inlet of the first separator, further wherein the first separator is maintained at a different temperature and pressure than the extraction vessel to convert the liquefied COinto COgas, separates compounds extracted from the ...

IMPACT CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR AND ASSOCIATED METHODS FOR FRACTION COLLECTION IN SUPERCRITICAL FLUID SYSTEMS

A separator (e.g. an impact centrifugal separator) is for use in collection of liquid portions of a bi-phasic flowstream in a supercritical fluid system. A separator chamber defines an interior space, surrounded by a spiral channel and that has an exit at a lower portion of the separator chamber. A flowstream director (e.g. an entry lube) focuses the flowstream so that the flowstream impacts a wail of the spiral channel at an angle that promotes coalescence of the liquid component. The spiral channel may promote further coalescence of the liquid portions within the constraining spiral channel after impact. A central director may be included in the interior space of the separator chamber to promote flow of the gaseous component toward the exit. A dripper may be included in fluid communication with the spiral channel, for example, in the exit and to direct the coalesced liquid into a collection vessel. 1. A separator for use in collection of liquid portions of a bi-phasic flowstream in a supercritical fluid system , the bi-phasic flowstream including a gaseous and liquid component , the impact centrifugal separator comprising:a separator chamber defining an interior space surrounded by a spiral channel that is open to the interior space, the interior space having an exit at a lower portion of the separator chamber, anda flowstream director configured to focus the bi-phasic flowstream into the spiral channel so that the bi-phasic flowstream impacts a wall of the spiral channel at an angle that promotes coalescence of the liquid component within the spiral channel.2. The impact centrifugal separator of claim 1 , wherein the flowstream director comprises an entry tube claim 1 , having a distal end claim 1 , entering the separator chamber so that the bi-phasic flowstream leaving the distal end is focused and impacts the wall of the spiral channel at an angle that promotes coalescence of the liquid component within the constraining spiral channel.3. The impact centrifugal ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM PLANT MATERIAL USING CARBON DIOXIDE

An apparatus for extracting organic compounds from plant materials using subcritical or supercritical carbon dioxide is described. The apparatus has a sealable pressure chamber into which carbon dioxide dry ice and the plant materials are inserted, the pressure chamber, once sealed, self-pressurizing as the container and contents are warmed to a chosen temperature, converting the solid COto liquid, or to a super-critical fluid as the temperature and pressure are raised above the Critical Point. The chamber can be rotated when subcritical COliquid is employed to improve mixing between the liquid and the plant material. After a suitable extraction time, the carbon dioxide solvent containing the extracted material is directed into a separator such that the carbon dioxide and extracted material can be effectively separated, thereby avoiding significant quantities of viscous and waxy extracted materials remaining in the chamber and valves after the carbon dioxide solvent is warmed and allowed to exit the chamber. 1. An apparatus for extracting organic compounds from plant material , comprising:a first chamber capable of being pressurized having an opening for receiving solid carbon dioxide;a pressure lid for providing a gas-tight seal for the opening, and for maintaining a chosen pressure within the chamber;a first heating element adapted for heating the first chamber;a temperature sensor;a pressure sensor;a porous container adapted to be placed in the first chamber for holding the plant material and for permitting the plant material to be contacted by liquid carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide;a valve for permitting liquid carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide containing extracted organic compounds to exit the first chamber; anda separator for receiving liquid carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide containing extracted organic compounds exiting from the first chamber through said valve, and for separating the extracted organic compounds from ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM PLANT MATERIAL USING CARBON DIOXIDE

An apparatus for extracting organic compounds from plant materials using subcritical or supercritical carbon dioxide is described. The apparatus has a sealable pressure chamber into which carbon dioxide dry ice and the plant materials are inserted, the pressure chamber, once sealed, self-pressurizing as the container and contents are warmed to a chosen temperature, converting the solid COto liquid, or to a super-critical fluid as the temperature and pressure are raised above the Critical Point. The chamber can be rotated when subcritical COliquid is employed to improve mixing between the liquid and the plant material. After a suitable extraction time, the carbon dioxide solvent containing the extracted material is directed into a separator such that the carbon dioxide and extracted material can be effectively separated, thereby avoiding significant quantities of viscous and waxy extracted materials remaining in the chamber and valves after the carbon dioxide solvent is warmed and allowed to exit the chamber. 1. An apparatus for extracting organic compounds from plant material , comprising:a chamber capable of being pressurized;a pressure lid for providing a gas-tight seal for the opening, and for maintaining a chosen pressure within said chamber;a collection vial;a removable sleeve disposed in said chamber having an opening at one end for receiving solid carbon dioxide, and a tapered portion opposite the open end adapted to receive said collection vial;a first heating element adapted for heating said chamber;a temperature sensor;a pressure sensor;a porous container adapted to be placed in said sleeve for holding the plant material and for permitting the plant material to be contacted by liquid carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide; anda vent valve for permitting gaseous carbon dioxide to exit said chamber.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a support having an interior portion adapted for receiving and holding said chamber, and an exterior ...

ENZYMATIC METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION OF PHYTOCANNABINOIDS

An example method of extracting phytocannabinoids from plants includes obtaining plant parts from at least one plant, the at least one plant including one or more of Cannabis, Turmeric, Ginseng, Ginkgo, Ginger, Vinca, and Bacopa. The plant parts are cooled, and are incubated in an incubation mixture of cellulose, pectinase, amylase, and proteinase dissolved in a buffer. The incubation mixture is evaporated in an evaporation chamber to obtain a phytocannabinoid extract. 1. A method of extracting phytocannabinoids from plants , comprising:obtaining plant parts from at least one plant, the at least one plant including one or more of Cannabis, Turmeric, Ginseng, Ginkgo, Ginger, Vinca, and Bacopa;cooling the plant parts;incubating the plant parts in an incubation mixture of cellulose, pectinase, amylase, and proteinase dissolved in a buffer; andevaporating the incubation mixture in an evaporation chamber to obtain a phytocannabinoid extract.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the buffer is a neutral buffer that contains no more than 0.1% surfactant.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising sanitizing the plant parts claim 1 , said sanitizing comprising performing at least one of washing the plant parts claim 1 , subjecting the plant parts to ultraviolet irradiation claim 1 , and subjecting the plant parts to ozonolysis.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising shaking the incubation mixture during said incubating.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cooling the plant parts comprises freezing the plant parts using dry ice.6. The method of claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , during said cooling and prior to said incubating claim 1 , cutting the plant parts into pieces of not more than 1 inch in length in any direction.7. The method of claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , during said cooling and prior to said incubating claim 1 , reducing plant parts to a plant powder.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant parts are plant organs including one or more of leaves claim 1 , flowers claim ...

Modified particle purification method and manufacturing method, modified particles, functional material, optical member, heat transfer member, and coverage rate analysis device and coverage rate analysis method

According to the present invention, a solvent having particles with a primary particle diameter of less than 100 nm to which a surface modification agent is bonded and also having compounds not bonded to the respective surfaces of the particles is made to contact a trap material larger than the particles while the solvent is in a supercritical state. The compounds in the solvent not bonded to the respective surfaces of the particles are trapped by the trap material and removed.

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID SEPARATION APPARATUS

A supercritical fluid separation apparatus performs feedback control of output of a heater so that a separation part temperature becomes a set temperature, based on both output of a first temperature sensor that measures a heating block temperature and output of a second temperature sensor that measures the separation part temperature. When a difference between the separation part temperature and the set temperature is large (equal to or more than a predetermined value), output of the heater is adjusted based on the heating block temperature. When a difference between the separation part temperature and the set temperature becomes small (less than a predetermined value), the output of the heater is adjusted based on the difference. 1. A supercritical fluid separation apparatus , comprising:a mobile phase delivering channel for delivering a mobile phase;a back-pressure control valve that is connected downstream of the mobile phase delivering channel and controls pressure in the mobile phase delivering channel so that a mobile phase flowing through the mobile phase delivering channel becomes a supercritical state;a separation part that is provided between the mobile phase delivering channel and the back-pressure control valve, and separates sample components with a mobile phase delivered from the mobile phase liquid channel;a heating block that includes a heater, and is provided so as to be directly or indirectly in contact with the separation part to transfer heat generated by the heater to the separation part;a first temperature sensor provided so as to measure a temperature of the heating block;a second temperature sensor provided so as to measure a temperature of the separation part;a set temperature storage part that stores a set temperature for the separation part; anda temperature control part configured to feedback-control an output of the heater so that a temperature of the separation part becomes the set temperature stored in the set temperature storage part ...

SOURCE SUPPLIER FOR A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID, SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME

A source supplier includes a source reservoir that contains a liquefied source fluid for a supercritical process, a vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied source fluid into a gaseous source fluid under high pressure, a purifier that removes organic impurities and moistures from the gaseous source fluid and an analyzer connected to the purifier that analyzes an impurity fraction and a moisture fraction in the gaseous source fluid. Moisture and organic impurities are removed from the source fluid to reduce the moisture concentration of the supercritical fluid in the supercritical process. 1. A source supplier that supplies a source fluid to a supercritical fluid generator in which the source fluid is in a supercritical state , comprising:a source reservoir that contains a liquefied source fluid for a supercritical process;a vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied source fluid into a gaseous source fluid under high pressure;a purifier that removes organic impurities and moisture from the gaseous source fluid; andan analyzer connected to the purifier that analyzes an impurity fraction and a moisture fraction in the gaseous source fluid.2. The source supplier of claim 1 , wherein the purifier includes:a first filter that filters the organic impurities from the gaseous source fluid, wherein an impurity-filtered source fluid is formed; anda second filter that filters moisture from the impurity-filtered source fluid, wherein a dehydrated source fluid is formed.3. The source supplier of claim 2 , wherein the first filter includes a high-efficiency particulate arrestance (HEPA) filter and a carbon filter combined into one structure and the second filter includes a dehumidifying agent.4. The source supplier of claim 2 , wherein the analyzer includes an impurity detector that detects organic impurities in the impurity-filtered source fluid and a moisture detector that detects moisture in the dehydrated source fluid.6. The source supplier of claim 5 , wherein the detection cell ...

Supercritical fluid cleaning of banknotes and secure documents

A method and system for cleaning a secure instrument, such as a banknote, including a substrate, visual data and a security feature, including exposing the secure instrument to a supercritical fluid at a temperature and a pressure and for a duration sufficient to clean the substrate and not compromise the security feature and the visual data, wherein to clean the substrate includes to remove one or more substances from the substrate into the supercritical fluid. The substances removed from the substrate may include contaminants, dirt, sebum and pathogens.

DEMINERALIZATION AND UPGRADING OF PETROLEUM COKES

Processes are provided for the oxidative solubilization of metal-containing petroleum cokes in a basic aqueous solution, so as to segregate a solid metal-containing residue from a solubilized and demineralized organics fraction. Oxidation conditions are provided that optimize the yield of soluble partial oxidation products and minimize the generation of CO. In some embodiments, a nanocrystalline copper tetrasilicate oxidation catalyst belonging to the Gillespite group of minerals may be used (Cuprorivaite (CaCuSiO), Wesselsite (SrCuSiO), Effenbergerite (BaCuSiO), or combinations thereof). The pH of the solubilized organics fraction may be reduced, under conditions that precipitate an upgraded carbonaceous material, in some embodiments comprising humic acid analogs, yielding a barren leachate solution. 1. A method of processing petroleum cokes , comprising:providing a solid green petroleum coke comprising a carbonaceous component and a transition metal component, the carbonaceous component comprising polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, wherein the solid green petroleum coke has an elemental composition in wt % of: ≥80 carbon ≤98; ≥1 hydrogen ≤8; ≥2.5 oxygen ≤10; nitrogen ≥0.5; ≥1 sulfur ≤10; ≥0.001 vanadium ≤0.8; ≥0.001 iron ≤0.5; ≥0.001 nickel ≤0.5; ≥0.001 molybdenum ≤0.1; and, ≥0.01 cobalt ≤1;solubilizing a soluble portion of the solid green petroleum coke in a basic subcritical aqueous solubilization liquid under solubilization conditions that comprise a solubilization pressure of at least 500 psi, a solubilization temperature of from 220° C. to 240° C., and an added solubilization base concentration effective to maintain a solubilization pH ≥8, for an effective solubilization time of not more than 2 hours, in the presence of an oxidizing atmosphere comprising more than 21% oxygen, with agitation to generate a stirred reaction region in the solubilization liquid having a Reynolds number of ≥10,000, so as to solubilize at least 75% of the solid green petroleum coke ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS HIGH-PRESSURE TREATMENT OF BULK MATERIAL AND USE THEREOF

An apparatus and method of high pressure treatment of bulk material by extraction and/or impregnation may involve treating bulk material in an internal volume of a pressure vessel apparatus at a high pressure level in a range from 40 to 1000 bar under isolation from the environment. The high pressure treatment may be performed charge-wise in a closed system in the pressure vessel apparatus in that the bulk material is supplied charge-wise to the internal volume with the pressure vessel apparatus closed and is positioned in at least one treatment plane. Upon completion of the high pressure treatment, the bulk material is discharged charge-wise from the internal volume with the pressure vessel apparatus closed. This also gives advantages in terms of handling, especially also with regard to material flow, and with regard to operational reliability.

BIOXOMES PARTICLES, REDOXOMES, METHOD AND COMPOSITION

Provided an artificial bioxome particle comprising a cell membrane component and designed to undergo fusion with a target cell, wherein said bioxome particle is engineered to carry a cargo comprising at least one predetermined active molecule; and wherein said cargo can be released into the target cell after the fusion of the bioxome particle with the target cell; and wherein the cell membrane component is derived from a selected cellular or extracellular source; methods of use of the particles; and processes for manufacturing thereof. 1. An artificial bioxome particle comprising a cell membrane component and designed to undergo fusion with a target cell , wherein said bioxome particle is engineered to carry a cargo comprising at least one predetermined active molecule; and wherein said cargo can be released into the target cell after the fusion of the bioxome particle with the target cell; and wherein the cell membrane component is derived from a selected cellular or extracellular source.2. The bioxome particle of claim 1 , wherein the cargo comprises at least two active molecules.3. The bioxome particle of or claim 1 , wherein the cargo comprises a plurality of active molecules.4. The bioxome particle of any one of to claim 1 , wherein the source is selected from the group consisting of fibroblasts claim 1 , mesenchymal stem cells claim 1 , stem cells claim 1 , cells of the immune system claim 1 , dendritic cells claim 1 , ectoderm claim 1 , keratinocytes claim 1 , cells of GI claim 1 , cells of oral cavity claim 1 , nasal mucosal cells claim 1 , neuronal cells claim 1 , retinal cells claim 1 , endothelial cells claim 1 , cardiospheres claim 1 , cardiomyocytes claim 1 , pericytes claim 1 , blood cells claim 1 , melanocytes claim 1 , parenchymal cells claim 1 , liver reserve cells claim 1 , neural stem cells claim 1 , pancreatic stem cells claim 1 , embryonic stem cells claim 1 , bone marrow claim 1 , skin tissue claim 1 , liver tissue claim 1 , pancreatic tissue ...

Cannabidiol preparations and its uses

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a cannabinoid designated chemically as 2-[(1R,6R)-3-Methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol. Its empirical formula is C21H30O2 and its molecular weight is 314.46. CBD is a cannabinoid that naturally occurs in the Cannabis sativa L. plant. CBD is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid which is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. The present invention encompasses the surprising recognition that certain CBD preparations which are prepared from a botanical origin are more effective in treating diseases or disorders than preparations of CBD which are synthetic or purified to the extent no other impurities in the form of other cannabinoids are present. Prior CBD compositions have been prepared such that no psychoactive components, e.g., tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), remain in the final CBD preparation. Surprisingly, the absence of such minor impurities reduces the efficacy of CBD treatment. Such CBD preparations are characterized by chemical components and/or functional properties that distinguish them from prior CBD compositions. One or more components of the preparations described herein provide an unexpectedly synergistic effect when utilized in combination.

METHOD FOR OBTAINING OLIVE OIL AND AT LEAST ONE EXTRACT CONCENTRATED IN POLYPHENOLS AND A FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENT

A method comprising the stages of: olive input, separation of the stone from the olive skin and pulp, with the removal of the whole stone; electric pulsing of the olive paste generated in the previous stage, process of dehydration of the pulsed olive paste up to a humidity of less than 30% in a continuous vacuum drying machine and subsequent separation of the oil by centrifugation of the olive oil, followed by dehydration of the degreased pulp up to a humidity of less than 10%; and lastly, application of supercritical fluids (CO2 with or without modifier) to the degreased and dehydrated pulp, under agitation, pressure, temperature and time conditions, obtaining olive extracts and olive flour. The generation of waste, consumption of water, use of highly toxic solvents and loss of the sensory quality of the oil is avoided, the yields improved and the necessary times reduced. 1. A method for obtaining olive oil and at least one polyphenol concentrated extract and a functional ingredient characterised in that it comprises the stages of:{'b': 2', '3, 'Separating () the stone and skin from the olive pulp, obtaining the whole stone () on the one hand and, on the other, an olive paste;'}{'b': '4', 'Electric pulsing () of the olive paste with an electric field voltage of 1-3 kV/cm, frequency of 114-255 Hz and 2-10 pulses of 50-90 microseconds;'}{'b': '5', 'Dehydrating () the pulsed olive paste up to a humidity of <30% in a continuous vacuum drying machine under the following conditions: vacuum (<80 mbar of absolute pressure), temperature (<41° C.) and time (20-100 kg of evaporated water/h) or other conditions that preserve the thermolabile compounds of interest;'}{'b': 6', '7, 'Separating () the oil from the olive paste by centrifugation in a decanter with the necessary adjustments to treat de-stoned dehydrated pulp and obtainment of virgin olive oil ();'}{'b': '8', 'Dehydrating () the degreased pulp, after separating the oil, up to a humidity of less than 10% applying ...

Multifunctional Vessels For Extraction And Fractionation Of Extracts From Biomass

Generally, an extraction system useful in separating an extract from a matrix using one or more extractants. Specifically, an extractor including one or more of: an extraction vessel having an extractor vessel internal surface which defines an extraction chamber which communicates between open extraction vessel first and second ends, a first piston configured to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel first end or a second piston adapted to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel second end. 1. An extractor , comprising:an extraction vessel having an internal surface which defines an extraction chamber which communicates between open extraction vessel first and second ends;a first piston adapted to sealably engage said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end; anda second piston adapted to sealably engage said internal surface of said extraction vessel second end.2. The extractor of claim 1 , further comprising a first piston retaining member removably engaging said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end.3. The extractor of claim 2 , further comprising a second piston retaining member removably engaging said second piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end.4. The extractor of claim 3 , further comprising a first piston retaining member guide including a first guide channel in which said first piston retaining member moves between a first position which engages said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end and a second position which disengages said first piston retaining member from said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end.5. The extractor of claim 4 , further comprising a second piston retaining member guide including a second guide channel in which said second piston ...

Silica aerogel-including blanket and method for preparing the same

The present disclosure provides a silica aerogel-including blanket including a substrate for a blanket; and a silica aerogel and an opacifying agent locating at least one of on a surface of and inside the substrate for a blanket, wherein the opacifying agent is a second particulate with inorganic particles of a first particulate being aggregated, and includes 1 to 5 of the inorganic particles per unit volume of 1 μm3, and a method for preparing the same. The silica aerogel-including blanket according to the present disclosure is capable of exhibiting flame retardancy as well as an excellent insulation property, particularly, an excellent insulation property at high temperatures, by including an opacifying agent having excellent dispersibility and high surface activity through chemical etching.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS HIGH-PRESSURE TREATMENT OF BULK MATERIAL AND USE THEREOF

An apparatus and method for high pressure treatment of bulk material by extraction and/or impregnation may involve high pressure treating bulk material in a high pressure treatment volume of a pressure vessel apparatus at a high pressure level, especially high pressure in the range from 40 to 1000 bar. The method comprises at least the three following step sequences that are each controllable individually: pressurization, high pressure treatment, and depressurization. The high pressure treatment is performed in a continuous manner in the high pressure treatment volume. The high pressure treatment volume or the entire pressure vessel apparatus is in a fixed arrangement during the high pressure treatment. The continuity of the high pressure treatment is ensured solely by means of the high pressure treatment volume. This especially enables engineering optimization of high pressure treatment processes, for example extraction. 116-. (canceled)17. A method for high pressure treatment of bulk material by extraction , wherein the bulk material is disposed in a high pressure treatment volume , which has cavities , of a pressure vessel apparatus and is treated at a high pressure level in a range from 40 to 1000 bar , wherein the method comprises:pressurizing the high pressure treatment volume;high pressure treating the bulk material in a continuous manner in the high pressure treatment volume, with continuity of the high pressure treating being ensured solely by way of the high pressure treatment volume, wherein the high pressure treatment volume or the pressure vessel apparatus is in a fixed arrangement during the high pressure treating, wherein the high pressure treating comprises continuously displacing the bulk material by translation of a translational actuator within the high pressure treatment volume; anddepressurizing the high pressure treatment volume.18. The method of wherein the translational actuator is a piston inserted into an end face of the high pressure ...

Pharmaceutical oral dose formulation and composition of matter

An apparatus and method for formulating low solubility, low permeability and/or p-glycoprotein efflux transporter substrate drugs or herbal extracts for increased intestinal absorption. The method utilizes a supercritical fluid, such as carbon dioxide to complex a low solubility, low permeability and/or p-glycoprotein efflux transporter substrate drug or herbal extract, the p-glycoprotein inhibitors quercitin and piperine, with a carbohydrate. The result is a micro-emulsion of the drug or herbal extract which has both higher solubility and permeability than if dosed alone; as well as resistance to p-glycoprotein mediated efflux, once absorbed into the intestinal lumen.

SUPERFLUID EXTRACTION APPARATUS

A cyclone separator for a superfluid extraction apparatus comprising a cyclone inlet weldment comprising a cyclone, a collector tube connected to the cyclone inlet weldment, and a needle support manifold extending from the cyclone inlet weldment comprising a fluid flow directing needle, the needle having a relief cut to control fluid flow into the separator. A supercritical fluid pump is described having a piston assembly with a hydraulic cylinder and a cylindrical integral check valve piston with at least two circumferential seals to seal the piston against the barrel insert and a check assembly extending axially through one end of the integral check valve piston and between the at least two circumferential seals to relieve excess pressure. 1. A cyclone separator comprising:a cyclone inlet weldment comprising a cyclone;a collector tube connected to the cyclone inlet weldment; anda needle support manifold extending from the cyclone inlet weldment comprising a fluid flow directing needle, the needle having a relief cut to control fluid flow into the separator.2. The separator of claim 1 , wherein the needle is rotatable.3. The separator of claim 1 , wherein the needle is interchangeable.4. The separator of claim 1 , wherein the relief cut is variable in cross sectional size.5. The separator of claim 1 , wherein the relief cut is variable in cross sectional shape.6. The separator of claim 1 , wherein the cyclone is interchangeable by profile claim 1 , taper or a combination thereof.7. The separator of claim 1 , wherein the cyclone separator further comprises a temperature sensor claim 1 , pressure gauge claim 1 , pressure release valve claim 1 , or combination thereof.8. A system for superfluid extraction of an extractant from a solid material comprising:a pump for pumping supercritical fluid at a pressure to maintain the supercritical fluid in a gas and liquid state;an extraction vessel; and a cyclone inlet weldment comprising a cyclone;', 'a collector tube connected ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF CANNABIS OIL EXTRACTION

A oil extraction method includes performing grinding assisted extraction in the presence of solvent, co-solvent extraction with subcritical COcomprising, degassing the COand separating the mixture by centrifugation. 1cannabis. A oil extraction method , the method comprising: 'grinding plant material in the presence of solvent;', 'performing grinding assisted extraction comprising{'sub': '2', 'claim-text': {'sub': 2', '2, 'adding liquid COto the mixture, wherein the mixture is maintained at a temperature and pressure combination sufficient to maintain the liquid COin a subcritical state;'}, 'performing co-solvent extraction using subcritical COcomprising{'sub': '2', 'degassing the CO; and'}separating the mixture by centrifugation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant material ground in the presence of the solvent is wet plant material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of solvent to plant material present during the grinding assisted extraction is greater than 1:1 on a weight basis.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of solvent to plant material present during the grinding assisted extraction is greater than 2:1 on a weight basis.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein grinding the plant material in the presence of solvent comprises grinding the plant material to micron scale.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the plant material is ground to less than 20 microns during grinding assisted extraction.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is a food grade solvent.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is a non-polar solvent.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the non-polar solvent is selected from pentane claim 8 , hexane claim 8 , benzene claim 8 , toluene claim 8 , carbon tetrachloride claim 8 , benzene claim 8 , glycerol monooleate claim 8 , diethyl ether claim 8 , hexane claim 8 , methylene chloride claim 8 , carbon dioxide claim 8 , methane claim 8 , ethylene claim 8 , D-limonene claim 8 , olive oil claim 8 , soybean oil claim 8 , ...

Methods of isolating phenols from phenol-containing media

Methods of isolating phenols from phenol-containing media. The methods include combining a phospholipid-containing composition with the phenol-containing medium to generate a combined medium, incubating the combined medium to precipitate phenols in the combined medium and thereby form a phenol precipitate phase and a phenol-depleted phase, and separating the phenol precipitate phase and the phenol-depleted phase. The methods can further include extracting phenols from the separated phenol precipitate phase. The extracting can include mixing the separated phenol precipitate phase with an extraction solvent to solubilize in the extraction solvent at least a portion of the phenols originally present in the phenol precipitate phase.

EXTRACTION PROCESS USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

The present invention provides a method of using COin an extraction process without the use of mechanical pumps to control COdensity. In particular, the invention relates to a process for extraction of one or more components from a plant material by manipulation of density of COin the extraction vessel via creating a temperature differential between the liquid COsupply and the extraction vessel. 1. A process of extracting one or more components from a plant material , the process comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a) providing a liquid-phase COsupply at a known temperature;'}b) providing a predetermined amount of the plant material in a pressure regulated extraction vessel having known/constant volume;{'sub': 2', '2, 'c) creating a temperature differential between said liquid-phase COsupply and the extraction vessel, wherein the extraction vessel temperature is lower than the temperature of the liquid-phase COsupply;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'd) allowing COfrom liquid-phase COsupply to flow into the extraction vessel due to the temperature differential, while maintaining the temperature differential between the liquid-phase COsupply and the extraction vessel to load a target amount of the COto achieve a desired density of COin the extraction vessel;'}{'sub': '2', 'e) heating said extraction vessel to achieve supercritical-phase COat desired predetermined pressure and temperature;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'f) allowing said supercritical-phase COto reside in said extraction vessel at said predetermined temperature and pressure achieved in step e) for a time sufficient to ensure impregnation of the one or more components in the supercritical-phase CO;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'g) cooling said component-impregnated supercritical-phase COso that the component-impregnated supercritical-phase COin the extraction vessel changes to component-impregnated liquid-phase CO; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'h) transferring said component-impregnated liquid-phase COinto a collection vessel ...

Method for making coffee products containing cannabis ingredients

The present disclosure is directed to methods of making coffee products containing cannabinoids that are extracted from Cannabis plant. According to one embodiment, the method includes the steps of (a) extracting cannabinoids from the Cannabis plant; and (b) admixing the cannabinoids into a coffee product. The disclosed methods produce coffee products that possess the benefits of both coffee and Cannabis plant. The methods can be used to produce different coffee products including single-serve coffee pods, ground coffee, espresso and coffee extracts. The methods are used to make coffee and other products with desired and consistent amount of Cannabis-derived compounds.

Dispersion flow device for extraction vessel and methods of use

An extraction system and method of extraction are described herein. The extraction system generally includes an extraction vessel including a vessel body, an extraction solvent inlet, a material inlet, and an outlet, a collection vessel operably connected to the outlet, a dispersion devise disposed proximate the extraction solvent inlet and including a first surface and a second surface, a plurality of openings formed in the dispersion device and extending from the first surface to the second surface, whereby the plurality of openings are adapted for the flow of an extraction solvent therethrough.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EXTRACTION OF BIOMASS MATERIALS

Some variations provide a system for extracting a product from biomass, comprising: a process chamber having an internal volume; one or more mechanical elements configured to controllably and reversibly mechanically seal the process chamber and reduce the internal volume to mechanically compress the biomass; a fluid port in flow communication with the process chamber; and a collection sub-system in flow communication with the fluid port. Other variations provide a method of extracting a product from biomass, the method comprising: introducing biomass into a process chamber; mechanically sealing the process chamber; mechanically compressing the biomass to release a first fluid material; mechanically decompressing the biomass; introducing an extraction solvent into the process chamber; maintaining process-chamber pressure from about 1 bar to about 1000 bar, wherein the extraction solvent extracts a second fluid material; and recovering the second fluid material from the process chamber. High processing throughput is enabled with this invention. 1. A system configured for extracting one or more products from a biomass material , said system comprising:a process chamber having an internal volume suitable for containing a biomass material and optionally an extraction solvent;one or more mechanical elements configured to (i) controllably and reversibly mechanically seal said process chamber from the environment and (ii) controllably and reversibly reduce said internal volume to mechanically compress said biomass material within said process chamber;a fluid port disposed in flow communication with said process chamber; anda collection sub-system disposed in flow communication with said fluid port, wherein said collection sub-system is configured to recover one or more products from said process chamber.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of said one or more mechanical elements is a hydraulic piston.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said process chamber is a ...

Carbon dioxide extraction processes, devices, methods, and systems

A CO 2 extraction process for cannabis sativa that uses liquid CO 2 in combination with co-solvent admixtures to purify cannabis botanicals in high yield and purity. The extraction process allows for multiple extractions, or washes, to be performed with the same solvent CO 2 , which may be seamlessly recycled and purified between subsequent extraction cycles. A variety of in-line filtration vessels, pumps, vacuums, and controllable valves are used to yield a pure product while allowing a high level of user control over the process.

METHOD FOR SEPARATING AND PURIFING FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENTS FROM PLACENTA USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID TECHNOLOGY

The present invention provides a method to separate and purify functional ingredients in placenta using supercritical fluid technology, where, placenta extract liquid and supercritical COsolvent are guided into a fractionation tank constantly in a preset velocity at a preset temperature and pressure to extract peptides, proteins and other functional ingredients. And then, the solution is conveyed through the three fractionation tanks at a preset temperature and depressurized gradually to separate, fractionate and purify the content of placenta peptide and protein, so as to obtain the high purity of peptides, proteins, active factors and other functional ingredients. 1. A method which separates and purifies functional ingredients in placenta using supercritical fluid technology comprises the following steps:{'sub': '2', 'extraction: placenta extract as well as supercritical COsolvent, is guided into a fractionation tank constantly in a preset velocity at a preset temperature and pressure to extract peptides, proteins and other functional ingredients;'}{'sub': '2', 'purification: fractionated extract and supercritical COsolvent is then guided into separation tanks at a preset temperature and a pressure lower than said pressure to separate and purify peptides, proteins, active growth factors and other functional ingredients.'}2. The method defined in claim 1 , wherein in the purification step claim 1 , functional ingredients extracted from the fractionation tank is conveyed through the three separation tanks consecutively and depressurized gradually claim 1 , so as to separate claim 1 , fractionate and purify the content of placenta peptide and protein.3. The method defined in claim 1 , wherein in the extraction step claim 1 , the placenta extract is mixed and centrifuged by placenta powder and ethanol in a proportion of 1:10 (W/V).4. The method defined in claim 3 , wherein placenta powder is dried powder of human claim 3 , sheep claim 3 , pig claim 3 , deer or other ...

Separator For Fractional Separation Of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extracts

Generally, an extraction system useful in separating an extract from a matrix using one or more extractants. Specifically, an extractor including one or more of: an extraction vessel having an extractor vessel internal surface which defines an extraction chamber which communicates between open extraction vessel first and second ends, a first piston configured to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel first end or a second piston adapted to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel second end. 165-. (canceled)66. A separator , comprising:a separator vessel having an internal surface which defines a separator chamber which communicates between open separator vessel first and second ends;a separator first piston adapted to sealably engage said internal surface of said separator vessel first end; anda separator second piston adapted to sealably engage said internal surface of said separator vessel second end.67. The separator of claim 66 , further comprising a separator first piston retaining member removably engaging said separator first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said separator vessel first end.68. The separator of claim 67 , further comprising a separator second piston retaining member removably engaging said separator second piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said separator vessel first end.69. The separator of claim 68 , further comprising a separator first piston retaining member guide including a separator first guide channel in which said separator first piston retaining member moves between a first position which engages said separator first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said separator vessel first end and a second position which disengages said separator first piston retaining member from said separator first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said separator vessel first end.70. The separator of ...

PORTABLE SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION APPARATUS

A portable supercritical fluid extraction apparatus, comprising: 1. A portable supercritical fluid extraction apparatus , comprising:(i) pressure vessel for generating a supercritical fluid therein;(ii) a liquid solvent supply tank;(iii) a means for interconnecting said pressure vessel and said liquid solvent supply tank at a predetermined angle for delivery therethrough said interconnecting means of a liquid solvent from the liquid solvent supply tank to the pressure vessel; and(iv) a heating component for heating contents of the pressure vessel to produce a supercritical fluid therein.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , additionally comprising a sample infuser in fluid communication with the pressure vessel claim 1 , said sample infuser configured for receiving a sample therein and infusing the sample with the supercritical fluid to produce an extract therefrom.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the sample infuser has a shape selected from one of a cylindrical tube claim 2 , tube having a hairpin shape claim 2 , a portafilter shape claim 2 , conical shape claim 2 , a spherical shape claim 2 , and a ball shape.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , additionally comprising a receiving tank in fluid communication with the pressure vessel claim 1 , for receiving the extract therein.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the receiving tank is provided with a vent for venting solvent.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the receiving tank is provided with an access port.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , additionally comprising a heating means for the pressure vessel.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the heating means is one of a heating wrap claim 7 , heating block claim 7 , and a heating jacket.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said pressure vessel is fabricated with a metal material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , copper claim 1 , and titanium alloy.10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said liquid solvent ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXTRACTING COMPOUNDS FROM PLANTS AND PLANT BASED MATERIALS

The invention provides a method and system for extracting desired compounds from a plant or a plant based material featuring a) providing a plant or plant based material; b) pumping COgas from a COstorage vessel into an apparatus containing a COcirculation loop; c) circulating COthrough the plant or plant based material in the circulation loop; d) extracting the desired compounds; and e) discharging the COgas from the COcirculation loop. The circulation loop may have a separator vessel and an extractor vessel, the desired compound may be a terpene, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or carbenoxolone (CBx), and the COmay be circulated as a supercritical CO. The invention also provides a system for extracting a desired compound from a plant or a plant based material featuring a) an extractor vessel; b) a separator vessel; c) a liquid accumulator; d) at least one hot water valve; e) at least one cold water valve; f) a gas pump; g) a liquid pump; h) at least one two-way valve; i) a three-way valve; and j) a COstorage vessel. 1. A method for extracting a desired compound from a plant or a plant based material comprising:a) providing a plant or plant based material;{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'b) pumping COgas from a COstorage vessel into an apparatus containing a COcirculation loop;'}{'sub': '2', 'c) circulating COthrough the plant or plant based material in the circulation loop;'}d) extracting the desired compound; and{'sub': 2', '2, 'e) discharging the COgas from the COcirculation loop.'}2. The method of wherein the COcirculation loop comprises a separator vessel and an extractor vessel.3. The method of wherein the desired compound is selected from the group consisting of a terpene claim 1 , tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and carbenoxolone (CBx).4. The method of wherein the COis circulated as a supercritical CO.5. The method of wherein the c) circulating the COthrough the plant or plant based material in the circulation loop lasts for a predetermined amount of time set by a control ...

Enhanced flash chamber

An enhanced flash chamber with a flash chamber; a microwave source in communication with the flash chamber for providing a quantity of energy to a plurality of antennas within the flash chamber; a fluid chamber positionable within the flash chamber capable of holding a liquid and the plurality of antennas; and transport tubing for transporting a target material for extraction through the fluid chamber where the quantity of energy from the microwave source interacts with the plurality of antennas to heat the liquid held in the fluid chamber to a superheated state and the superheated state of the liquid transfers a portion of the quantity of energy to the target material to extract an extraction product from the target material.

METHOD FOR OBTAINING AN EXTRACT OF PATCHOULI LEAVES AND COSMETIC USES THEREOF

The invention relates to a method for obtaining an extract of patchouli leaves comprising a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and a co-solvent such as ethanol. The invention also relates to a patchouli extract obtainable by the method of the invention, a composition comprising such an extract, and the cosmetic use of a composition according to the invention for care of the skin, the scalp and the appendages. 1. A method for obtaining an extract of patchouli leaves comprising the following steps:a. harvesting the upper part of the patchouli aerial parts and then drying and grounding or cryogenically grounding.b. performing a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction in the presence of a polar co-solvent such as ethanol at a concentration of between 50 and 96% (volume/volume).c. recovering the crude patchouli extract and decolouring in the presence of activated carbon and filtered before the co-solvent is evaporated.2. The method according to claim 1 , in which claim 1 , in step b) claim 1 , the co-solvent is ethanol at a concentration between 60 and 80% (volume/volume percentage) and the ethanol is preferably at a concentration of 70% (volume/volume percentage).3. The method according to claim 1 , in which in step b) the weight ratio between the supercritical carbon dioxide and the co-solvent is 15 and the ratio to the quantity of raw material used is between 10 and 70 claim 1 , advantageously between 25 and 55 and preferably between 30 and 50.4. The method according to claim 1 , in which in step b) the extraction temperature is between 35 and 70° C. claim 1 , advantageously between 40 and 65° C. and preferably between 50 and 60° C. claim 1 , and the pressure within the extractor is between 90 and 1000 bar claim 1 , preferably between 160 and 800 bar and even more preferably between 230 and 700 bar.5. The method according to claim 1 , in which the crude extract obtained in step c) is solubilised in a saturated or unsaturated claim 1 , linear or branched fatty ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXTRACTING AND RECOVERING SELECTIVE BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS FROM MITRAGYNA SPECIOSA PLANT BIOMASS

The present discloses a method and system for extracting and recovering selective bioactive components from plant biomass with carbon dioxide comprising one or more solutes in supercritical and/or subcritical state. The method and system disclosed herein comprise the steps; (i) contacting said plant biomass with carbon dioxide comprising one or more solutes in supercritical and/or subcritical state. (ii) further separating solution comprising said carbon dioxide, said solute(s) and said bioactive components from said plant biomass, (iii) further transitioning said solution comprising said carbon dioxide, said solute(s)s, and said bioactive components to solid phase, (iv) further removal of said carbon dioxide, and/or said solute(s) via sublimation and recovering said selective fraction of bioactive components consisting essentially of mitragyinien, paynanthine, speciogynine, and/or 7-Hydroxymitragynine. 1Mitragyna speciosaMitragyna speciosa. A method for the extracting and recovering phytochemicals and/or components from Mitragyna speciosa plant biomass which comprises contacting said plant biomass with carbon dioxide in supercritical and/or subcritical state to effect removal of phytochemicals and/or components from said plant biomass therefrom and recovering a selective fraction of phytochemicals and/ components.2. A method of ) where said carbon dioxide comprises one or more organic solutes and/or one or more inorganic solutes claim 1 ,3. A method of ) wherein the carbon dioxide and/or solutes containing phytochemicals and/or components are further transitioned to solid state to effect removal of carbon dioxide and/or solutes via sublimation.4. A method of ) wherein said selective fraction of said phytochemicals and/or components consist essentially Mitragynine claim 1 , Paynantheine claim 1 , Speciogynine claim 1 , and/or 7-Hydroxymitragynine.5Mitragyna speciosaMitragyna speciosaMitragyna speciosa. A system capable of extracting and recovering phytochemicals and ...

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR OPERATING THE SAME

A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus is provided that is capable of being operated in a continuous and/or steady-state fashion. The SFE apparatus may include an extraction assembly. The extraction assembly may include a first extraction chamber (FEC) to contain a first amount of source material from which a compound is to be extracted, and a second extraction chamber (SEC) to contain a second amount of the source material. The extraction assembly may include a valve to control a flow of a solvent into the FEC or the SEC. The SFE apparatus may include a collection chamber that is mounted substantially perpendicular to the extraction assembly. Other embodiments are described. 120-. (canceled)21. A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus , comprising: a first extraction chamber (FEC) to contain a first amount of a first source material from which a first compound is to be extracted;', 'a second extraction chamber (SEC) to contain a second amount of a second source material from which a second compound is to be extracted, and', 'a valve to control a flow of a solvent into the FEC or the SEC,', 'wherein the solvent is to flow into the FEC and enter a supercritical phase to obtain a first composition from the first source material, the first composition comprising the solvent and the first compound, and', 'wherein, after the solvent is to flow into the FEC, the solvent is to be recirculated into the SEC, and when the solvent is to flow into the SEC, the solvent is to enter the supercritical phase to obtain a second composition from the second source material, the second composition comprising the solvent and the second compound; and, 'an extraction assembly comprising an inlet portion including an inlet passage through which the first composition or the second composition in the supercritical phase is to enter an initial fraction chamber of the collection chamber and drop in pressure by a first amount such that at least some first or second compound of ...

SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES ADDRESSING SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROBLEMS IN CHROMATOGRAPHY

In a sample extraction system, providing within the system two or more extraction vessel assemblies, each of which receive an extraction vessel containing the sample to be extracted and is pressurized with an extraction solvent. Additionally, providing certain changeable fluid circuits such that the extraction system may provide a sustained delivery of feed solution above or about a threshold concentration. 1. A sample extraction system capable of providing sustained delivery of feed solution to a system , the sample extraction system comprising:{'sub': '2', '(a) an extraction solvent source, wherein the extraction solvent comprises a fluid selected from a group consisting of (i) an organic solvent maintained at or above 1250 psi and (ii) CO;'}(b) a splitter in fluid communication with the extraction solvent source;(c) a first extraction vessel assembly and a second extraction vessel assembly, each extraction vessel assembly comprising a first valve, an inlet port, an outlet port, and a second valve, the first valve being connected to the splitter, the inlet port being connected to the first valve and configured to selectively connect to an inlet of an extraction vessel, and the outlet port configured to selectively connect to an outlet of the extraction vessel and being connected to the second valve;(d) a coupler, in fluid communication with the second valve of each of the first extraction vessel assembly and the second valve of the second extraction assembly; and(e) a feed injector in fluid communication with the coupler, the feed injector capable of providing a feed of extraction solvent supplied with sample for use in the system.2. The sample extraction system of claim 1 , further comprising three or more extraction vessel assemblies.3. The sample extraction system of claim 1 , wherein each of the first extraction vessel assembly and the second extraction vessel assembly are additionally provided with a connection to a detector claim 1 , the point of connection ...

Separator For Fractional Separation Of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extracts

Generally, an extraction system useful in separating an extract from a matrix using one or more extractants. Specifically, an extractor including one or more of: an extraction vessel having an extractor vessel internal surface which defines an extraction chamber which communicates between open extraction vessel first and second ends, a first piston configured to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel first end or a second piston adapted to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel second end. 1. An extractor , comprising:an extraction vessel having an internal surface which defines an extraction chamber which communicates between open extraction vessel first and second ends;a first piston adapted to sealably engage said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end; anda second piston adapted to sealably engage said internal surface of said extraction vessel second end.2. The extractor of claim 1 , further comprising a first piston retaining member removably engaging said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end.3. The extractor of claim 2 , further comprising a second piston retaining member removably engaging said second piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end.4. The extractor of claim 3 , further comprising a first piston retaining member guide including a first guide channel in which said first piston retaining member moves between a first position which engages said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end and a second position which disengages said first piston retaining member from said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end.5. The extractor of claim 4 , further comprising a second piston retaining member guide including a second guide channel in which said second piston ...

Method For Purification of Depolymerized Polymers Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

A method for purifying polymers made from depolymerization of plastic can include selecting a polymer for purification, adding the polymer to a reaction vessel with a solvent, heating the mixture to promote migration of contaminants from the polymer to the solvent, performing an extraction technique to remove contaminants, depressurizing the reaction vessel to isolate a purified polymer, and allowing the purified polymer to cool. In some embodiments, the polymer is a polyethylene polymer. In other embodiments, the polymer is a polypropylene polymer. In some embodiments, the polymer is a polystyrene polymer. In some embodiments, the extraction technique is supercritical fluid extraction using supercritical CO2 as a solvent. Parameters including temperature, pressure, duration, agitation rate, starting solvent volume, and co-solvent addition for supercritical fluid extraction can be selected based on the properties of the polymer to be purified. The method can remove contaminating organic and inorganic compounds from the polymers.

Method for conducing concentrated cannabis oil to be stable, emulsifiable and flavorless for use in hot beverages and resulting powderized cannabis oil

A method for producing powderized cannabis oil, and the resulting powderized cannabis oil, in which concentrated cannabis oil is mixed with and absorbed by a modified starch powder, preferably maltodextrin, in a ratio of at least three grams of starch powder for every one-eighth of a gram of cannabis oil is disclosed. Further disclosed are beverages, baked goods and single-serve beverage brewing cartridges utilizing or incorporating the powderized cannabis oil to create human-consumable products that contain an emulsified, tasteless, and odorless dose of cannabis oil.

DUAL PHASE EXTRACTION APPARATUS

A dual phase re-circulating extraction apparatus comprises at least one extraction vessel, at least one separation chamber, and a circulation conduit configured to direct a process fluid into the extraction vessel, where it may come into contact with a source material to form a mixture, and is then passed to the separation chamber, where the process fluid separates from the extracted material, and the process fluid is recirculated back to the extraction vessel. The apparatus includes a gas pump, at least one heat exchanger, and a liquid pump, each connected to the conduit, to efficiently convert a relatively low pressure gas after separation to a relatively high pressure liquid or supercritical fluid for extraction. The apparatus can be configured to enable a batch mode process allowing continuous flow to the separators while the extractors are cycled online and offline in a sequence to enable servicing and reloading. 1. A dual phase recirculating extraction apparatus , comprising:an extraction vessel having first and second extraction vessel openings, wherein each extraction vessel opening can function either as an ingress or an egress, the extraction vessel configured to receive a process fluid through the ingress, allow the process fluid to come into contact with a source material within the extraction vessel to form a mixture, and permit the mixture to exit the extraction vessel through the egress;a first filter adapted to retain the source material while also allowing the process fluid or the mixture to pass through the first extraction vessel opening;a second filter adapted to retain the source material while also allowing the process fluid or the mixture to pass through the second extraction vessel opening;a separation chamber;a circulation conduit configured to direct the process fluid into the extraction vessel through a predetermined ingress selected from the first and second extraction vessel openings, direct flow of the mixture from the extraction vessel ...

Rapid Drying Extraction Targeting Oil Resin Plant Extracts

The present method applies Pulsed electric fields adding additional control variables for the extraction of target organic compounds from plant material. A current method of extraction of target Cannabaceae plants during processing provides methods to accelerate drying and extraction of these oil rich plants where the pre-removal of water is beneficial aiding in decreased process times. The methods include applying electric fields to the plant material to accelerate the dehydration, and the extraction of target organic compounds.

Methods of Extraction of Plant Materials and Extracts Obtained Using Supercritical Glycerin

A method for extracting bioactive compounds from plant materials using supercritical glycerin and at least one inert co-solvent that lowers the effective supercritical point of the supercritical glycerin to its boiling point, and the extracts obtained from the method. 1. A system for supercritical glycerin extraction of a composition of matter containing bioactive compounds comprising:a) at least one liquid glycerin reservoir;b) at least one heater connected to the liquid glycerin reservoir for converting the liquid glycerin from the liquid glycerin reservoir into glycerin vapor;c) at least one pressure regulator connected to the heater;d) at least one co-solvent gas reservoir;e) at least one condenser connected to the co-solvent gas reservoir;f) at least one pressure regulator connected to the condenser;g) a proportioning valve that receives the co-solvent gas and the glycerin vapor to form a mixture;h) an at least one additional heater connected to the proportioning valve to heat the mixture to form a supercritical mixture of co-solvent and glycerin;i) at least one extraction chamber containing the composition of matter for supercritical glycerin extraction connected to the additional heater; andj) at least one separator connected to the extraction chamber to separate gas co-solvent from the gas mixture comprising gaseous glycerin and gaseous co-solvent.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the extraction process is automated.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of separators are connected sequentially to the extraction chamber to separate selected bioactive compounds.4. A method for supercritical extraction of a composition of matter containing bioactive compounds comprising contacting a selected composition of matter which contain bioactive compounds that are soluble in supercritical glycerin claim 1 , with a supercritical mixture of glycerin and one or more non-reactive inert gas co-solvents with an effective supercritical point temperature below 301° ...

METHOD OF MAKING A TOBACCO EXTRACT

Embodiments described herein include a method of making a tobacco extract comprising; (a) contacting tobacco with an extraction solvent at a first temperature and first pressure which are selected such that the extraction solvent is supercritical, such that tobacco flavor and/or aroma components are extracted from the tobacco into the solvent; (b) separating the residual tobacco solids from the supercritical extraction solvent containing tobacco components; (c) exposing the extraction solvent containing tobacco components to conditions in a vessel at which the extraction solvent is subcritical, thereby releasing the tobacco components from the extraction solvent, (d) contacting the residual tobacco solids with an extraction solvent at a second temperature and second pressure which are selected such that the extraction solvent is supercritical, such that nicotine are extracted from the tobacco into the extraction solvent; and wherein the second temperature and/or second pressure is higher than the respective first temperature or first pressure; (e) separating the residual tobacco solids from the supercritical extraction solvent containing tobacco components; (f) exposing the extraction solvent containing tobacco components to conditions in a vessel at which the extraction solvent is subcritical, thereby releasing the tobacco components from the extraction solvent, wherein during step (f), the vessel contains an entrapment solvent which dissolves the tobacco components released from the extraction solvent, and wherein the entrapment solvent comprises an aerosol generating agent. 1. A method of making a tobacco extract , the method comprising:(a) contacting tobacco with an extraction solvent at a first temperature and first pressure which are selected such that the extraction solvent is supercritical, such that tobacco flavor and/or aroma components are extracted from the tobacco into the solvent;(b) separating the residual tobacco solids from the supercritical ...

METHOD OF MAKING A TOBACCO EXTRACT

The invention provides Embodiments described herein include a method of making a tobacco extract comprising; (a) providing tobacco and an entrapment solvent in a partitioned vessel, wherein the tobacco and entrapment solvent are separated by the partition, and the vessel is configured such that the tobacco and entrapment solvent cannot contact each other; (b) flowing a supercritical extraction solvent through the vessel, wherein the extraction solvent and any dissolved substances can pass through the partition; whereby tobacco components are extracted from the tobacco into the extraction solvent and carried across the partition, wherein the extraction solvent contacts the entrapment solvent and tobacco components are transferred from the supercritical extraction solvent into the entrapment solvent. 1. A method of making a tobacco extract , the method comprising;(a) providing tobacco and an entrapment solvent in a partitioned vessel, wherein the tobacco and entrapment solvent are separated by a partition, and the vessel is configured such that the tobacco and entrapment solvent cannot contact each other;(b) flowing a supercritical extraction solvent through the vessel, wherein the extraction solvent and any dissolved substances can pass through the partition; whereby tobacco components are extracted from the tobacco into the extraction solvent and carried across the partition, wherein the extraction solvent contacts the entrapment solvent and tobacco components are transferred from the extraction solvent into the entrapment solvent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the partition is selected from the group consisting of: a bubble cap tray claim 1 , a sieve plate claim 1 , a valve plate claim 1 , a sinter plate claim 1 , and a very fine mesh.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:(c) altering the conditions in the vessel so that the extraction solvent is subcritical, thereby separating the extraction solvent and any remaining dissolved tobacco components, at ...

Cannabis Plant Extracts with Butane

The present invention is a process for producing various types of cannabis extract from harvested cannabis. A quantity of harvested cannabis, which typically includes the inflorescence, floral leaves, and small stems of a flowering cannabis plants, is pre-frozen and is first subjected to cryogenic grinding to produce pulverized cannabis. The pulverized cannabis is then subjected to butane extraction at a low temperature to produce an initial cannabis extract. The butane in the initial cannabis extract is removed by evaporating it from the mixture in a cold vacuum chamber. The process preserves desirable waxes and lipids and removes the butane from the extract without subjecting the extract to heating in order to preserve the integrity of the terpenoids and flavonoids in the extract.

Experimental method for coal desulfurization and deashing using permeation and solvating power of a supercritical fluid

An experimental method for coal desulfurization and deashing using permeation and solvating power of a supercritical fluid includes the following steps. The coal sample is ground and loaded into an extraction kettle with a cover. An inlet valve and an outlet valve of the extraction kettle are opened to circulate the supercritical CO2 fluid in the extraction kettle. The extraction kettle is sealed. By adjusting a temperature and a pressure in the extraction kettle, the supercritical CO2 fluid is kept at its critical point and permeates the coal sample to dissolve organic sulfur, inorganic sulfur and ash in the coal sample. The extraction kettle is depressurized, and the temperature in the extraction kettle is adjusted to gasify the supercritical CO2 fluid. The organic sulfur, the inorganic sulfur and part of the ash are separated from the supercritical CO2 fluid and precipitated at a bottom of the extraction kettle.

Method for producing a terpene-enhanced cannabinoid concentrate and removal of contaminants

A method for producing a terpene-enhanced cannabinoid concentrate and for removing contaminants such as pesticides and fungicides from cannabinoid extracts. Cannabinoid extracts containing contaminants may be dissolved in a water and ethanol solution, and then cooled to allow water-soluble contaminants to settle out of the mixture. The water and ethanol may then be removed via evaporation or distillation, leaving purified cannabinoids without contaminants. Contaminant removal may be incorporated into a method for producing a blended extract of cannabinoids and terpenes, which extracts terpenes using supercritical CO2, and extracts a cannabinoid concentrate from the residual material using a cold ethanol flush followed by distillation and then by contaminant removal; the CO2-extracted terpenes are then added back to the purified cannabinoid concentrate in a final blending step. Blending terpenes at the end of extraction may enhance the flavor and effectiveness of the purified cannabinoid concentrate.

Methods of Purifying Cannabinoids, Compositions and Kits Thereof

The present specification discloses methods of purifying one or more cannabinoids from a plant material, purified cannabinoids and pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more cannabinoids produced by the disclosed method, methods and uses for treating a disease or condition employing such purified cannabinoids and pharmaceutical compositions. 1. A method of purifying one or more cannabinoids from a plant material , the method consisting essentially of the following steps:a) incubating the plant material with a non-polar solvent selected from the group consisting of petroleum ether, pentane, hexane and heptane to form a first solvent mixture which extracts the one or more cannabinoids from a plant material;b) reducing the volume of the first solvent mixture to about 50% or less of the original volume of the first solvent mixture in step (a) thereby concentrating the one or more cannabinoids;c) incubating the reduced first solvent mixture at a temperature range of between about −70° C. to about 40° C. to crystalize the one or more cannabinoids;d) incubating the one or more crystalized cannabinoids with the non-polar solvent, wherein the non-polar solvent is the same non-polar solvent as in step (a) to form a second solvent mixture, thereby dissolving at least 50% of the one or more crystalized cannabinoids; ande) incubating the second solvent mixture at a temperature range of between about −70° C. to about 40° C. to crystalize the one or more cannabinoids, andf) washing the crystallized one or more cannabinoids by dissolving in ethanol, methanol, isopropylic alcohol or acetone, filtering, evaporating to dryness and recrystallizing using the same non-polar solvent as in step a), thereby resulting in the purification of one or more cannabinoids.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein recovery of one or more crystalized cannabinoids of step (c) is performed prior to step (d) claim 1 , wherein the recovery is performed using filtration that results in ...

METHOD OF MAKING A TOBACCO EXTRACT

Embodiments described herein include a method of making a tobacco extract comprising; (a) contacting tobacco with an extraction solvent such that tobacco components are extracted from the tobacco into the solvent, wherein the extraction solvent comprises a supercritical fluid; (b) separating the residual tobacco solids from the supercritical extraction solvent containing tobacco components; (c) exposing the extraction solvent containing tobacco components to conditions in a vessel at which the extraction solvent is subcritical, thereby releasing the tobacco components from the extraction solvent; and then (d) washing the vessel with an entrapment solvent which dissolves the tobacco components, wherein the entrapment solvent comprises an aerosol generating agent. 1. A method of making a tobacco extract , the method comprising:(a) contacting tobacco with an extraction solvent such that tobacco components are extracted from the tobacco into the solvent, wherein the extraction solvent comprises a supercritical fluid;(b) separating residual tobacco solids from the supercritical extraction solvent containing tobacco components;(c) exposing the extraction solvent containing tobacco components to conditions in a vessel at which the extraction solvent is subcritical, thereby releasing the tobacco components from the extraction solvent; and then(d) flowing an entrapment solvent through the vessel, which entrapment solvent dissolves the tobacco components, wherein the entrapment solvent comprises an aerosol generating agent.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the supercritical fluid comprises carbon dioxide.3. The method according to wherein during (a) claim 2 , the temperature is in the range of about 308-473K claim 2 , preferably about 328-350K claim 2 , and the pressure is in the range of about 8-85 MPa claim 2 , preferably about 20-30 MPa.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the entrapment solvent comprises a polyol claim 1 , such as glycerol and/or ...

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR OPERATING THE SAME

A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus is provided that is capable of being operated in a continuous and/or steady-state fashion. The SFE apparatus may include an extraction assembly. The extraction assembly may include a first extraction chamber (FEC) to contain a first amount of source material from which a compound is to be extracted, and a second extraction chamber (SEC) to contain a second amount of the source material. The extraction assembly may include a valve to control a flow of a solvent into the FEC or the SEC. The SFE apparatus may include a collection chamber that is mounted substantially perpendicular to the extraction assembly. Other embodiments are described. 1. An extraction assembly of a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus , the extraction assembly comprising:a first extraction chamber (FEC) to contain a first amount of a first source material from which a first compound is to be extracted;a second extraction chamber (SEC) to contain a second amount of a second source material from which a second compound is to be extracted; anda valve to control a flow of a solvent into the FEC or the SEC,wherein, when the solvent is to flow into the FEC, the solvent is to enter a supercritical phase to obtain, from the first source material, a first composition comprising the solvent and the first compound, andwherein, after the solvent is to flow into the FEC, the solvent is to be recirculated into the SEC, and when the solvent is to flow into the SEC, the solvent is to enter a supercritical phase to obtain, from the second source material, a second composition comprising the solvent and the second compound.2. The extraction assembly of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is to be recirculated into the SEC without the SFE apparatus undergoing a decompression operation.3. The extraction assembly of claim 1 , wherein new first source material is to be placed inside the FEC as the solvent is recirculated into the SEC and without the SFE apparatus ...

Colloidal Suspensions of Plant Extracts in Aqueous Solutions

A colloidal mixture and a method for creating the same is presented comprising combining a cannabinoid or an oleoresin, having purity in the range of 0.001% to 100%, an emulsifying or stabilizing agent in sufficient amounts to suspend the cannabinoid or oleoresin within the colloidal mixture to prevent phase separation wherein the cannabinoid or oleoresin remains suspended throughout the colloidal mixture, and an acidic aqueous solution of pH less than 7.0 sufficient to dissolve the emulsifying or stabilizing agent. The combination is agitated to create a colloidal mixture wherein the cannabinoid or oleoresin remains suspended throughout the colloidal mixture.

Targetry coupled separations

Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

EXTRACTS OF PLANTS CONTAINING POLYGODIAL, COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING SUCH EXTRACTS AND COSMETIC AND/OR DERMATOLOGICAL USES THEREOF

An extract of a plant chosen from and is obtained from ground and dried leaves of said plant by supercritical COextraction at a pressure of between 120 and 350 bar and at a temperature from 35 to 60° C. and contains polygodial. A process for obtaining such an extract is disclosed along with compositions comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, an effective amount of the extract to promotes wound healing and decrease inflammation in skin disorders. 1. An extract comprising:{'i': Tasmannia lanceolata, Drimys winteri, Spilanthes acmella', 'Polygonum hydropiper,, 'sub': '2', 'an extract from a plant chosen from and wherein the extract is obtained from ground and dried leaves of said plant by extraction with supercritical COat a pressure of between 120 and 350 bar and at a temperature of between 35 and 60° C. and contains polygodial.'}2. The extract according to claim 1 , wherein the supercritical COextraction is at a pressure of between 150 and 285 bar and at a temperature of between 40 and 50° C.3Tasmannia lanceolata.. The extract according to claim 1 , wherein it is obtained from ground and dried leaves of411-. (canceled)12. A process for obtaining an extract claim 1 , comprising:{'i': Tasmannia lanceolata, Drimys winteri, Spilanthes acmella', 'Polygonum hydropiper, 'sub': '2', 'extracting leaves or berries of a plant selected from and and combinations thereof with supercritical COat a pressure of between 120 and 350 bar and at a temperature of between 35 and 60° C.; and'}recovering said extract, wherein the extract contains polygodial.13. The process according to claim 12 ,{'sub': '2', 'wherein extracting leaves or berries comprised extracting leaves of said plant with supercritical COat a pressure of between 150 and 285 bar, and at a temperature of between 40 and 50° C.'}14. The process according to claim 12 , wherein the leaves of said plant are ground and dried before extraction.15Tasmannia lanceolata.. The process according to claim 12 , wherein said ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EXTRACTION OF BIOMASS MATERIALS

Some variations provide a system for extracting a product from biomass, comprising: a process chamber having an internal volume; one or more mechanical elements configured to controllably and reversibly mechanically seal the process chamber and reduce the internal volume to mechanically compress the biomass; a fluid port in flow communication with the process chamber; and a collection sub-system in flow communication with the fluid port. Other variations provide a method of extracting a product from biomass, the method comprising: introducing biomass into a process chamber; mechanically sealing the process chamber; mechanically compressing the biomass to release a first fluid material; mechanically decompressing the biomass; introducing an extraction solvent into the process chamber; maintaining process-chamber pressure from about 1 bar to about 1000 bar, wherein the extraction solvent extracts a second fluid material; and recovering the second fluid material from the process chamber. High processing throughput is enabled with this invention. 1. A method of extracting one or more products from a biomass material , said method comprising:(a) introducing a starting biomass material into a process chamber;(b) mechanically sealing said process chamber;(c) mechanically compressing said starting biomass material to physically release at least a first fluid material, thereby generating a compressed biomass material;(d) mechanically decompressing said compressed biomass material, thereby generating an intermediate biomass material;(e) introducing an extraction solvent into said process chamber;(f) maintaining process-chamber pressure from about 1 bar to about 1000 bar for an extraction time, wherein said extraction solvent extracts at least a second fluid material from said intermediate biomass material, thereby generating a left-over biomass material; and(g) recovering at least said second fluid material from said process chamber.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said ...

OIL SEPARATION SYSTEM

A COextraction system which is capable of being used for extracting compounds, such as oils, from various materials including plant material and botanicals. The extraction system includes a means for supplying COto a pressure vessel. The pressure vessel is substantially comprised of two distinct portions; a top portion and a bottom portion. The top portion includes a separation zone, while the bottom portion contains a collection zone. Affixed to the bottom portion of the pressure vessel is a drain valve which is capable of allowing extracted material to exit the system. When introducing COinto the extraction system, the COmay be liquefied and further saturated with additional compounds. By maintaining each of the respective top and bottom portions of the pressure vessel at differing temperatures and/or pressures, the various additional compounds may be separated from the CO. 1. A COextraction system comprising:{'sub': '2', 'claim-text': a pressure vessel having a top portion and a bottom portion, wherein said top portion comprises a separation zone, said bottom portion comprises a collection zone, and said top and bottom portions are capable of being maintained at a temperature and pressure which may be independent from that of the opposing portion, and;', 'a drain valve affixed to said bottom portion of said pressure vessel, wherein said drain valve is capable of releasing the contents of said bottom portion from the collection zone of said pressure vessel;, 'a means for supplying COto the extraction system;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'wherein liquefied COis capable of being introduced into the pressure vessel via the collection zone by said means for supplying CO, said collection zone is capable of maintaining a pressure and temperature which allows for said liquefied COto flash to the gaseous state upon entry into said pressure vessel, said collection zone is capable of capturing any oils, compounds, or other matter or material which may be separated during the phase ...

COMPONENT EXTRACTION APPARATUS

A component extraction apparatus includes a rack placement part, a heater, an extraction medium supply part, a needle assembly, and a temperature sensor. When the container rack is mounted on the rack placement part, a heater is configured to heat the sample containers in direct or indirect contact with sample containers held by the container rack. The needle assembly holds a needle with a tip thereof pointing downward, and the needle being configured to connect a flow channel by inserting the tip thereof into a needle port provided on an upper surface of each of the sample containers. The temperature sensor is included in the needle assembly and is configured to detect a temperature of the upper surface of any one of the sample containers when the tip of the needle is inserted into the needle port of the one of the sample containers. 1. A component extraction apparatus comprising:a rack placement part on which a container rack holding a plurality of sample containers is mounted;a heater provided in the rack placement part so as to be in contact with the sample containers held by the container rack directly or indirectly to heat the sample containers when the container rack is mounted on the rack placement part;an extraction medium supply part configured to be connected with the sample containers held by the container rack when the container rack is mounted on the rack placement part and to supply an extraction medium from a bottom side of the sample containers;a needle assembly holding a needle so that a tip of the needle points downward and is configured to move the needle in a vertical direction and in a horizontal-plane direction, the needle is for connecting a flow channel to the sample containers by inserting the tip thereof into a needle port provided on an upper surface of each of the sample containers; anda temperature sensor provided in the needle assembly so as to detect a temperature of the upper surface of the sample container when the tip of the needle ...

METHOD FOR EXTRACTION OF A RAW MATERIAL TO PRODUCE A FORMULATION RICH IN PHYTOCHEMICALS

The present invention describes a method for extraction of a raw material or a combination of raw materials to produce a formulation (NEAT™) rich in phytochemicals and which is based on or rich in oil and proteins, said method comprising—bringing the raw material or combination of raw materials into contact with a solvent being carbon dioxide and which optionally is assisted with one or more co-solvents being GRAS (generally recognized as safe), such as but not limited to water, ethanol, dimethyl carbonate; —performing an extraction in high pressure conditions ranging from subcritical to super critical conditions in carbon dioxide in a pressure range of 250-800 bars and in a temperature range of 15-45° C. to provide a formulation being rich in phytochemicals, e.g. lipids, phenolics, terpenoids and alkaloids and proteins wherein a residue obtained in the method for extraction is subjected to extraction in carbon dioxide at supercritical conditions in a pressure above 72 bars and 31° C., and wherein pressurized hot water is used as a co-solvent or after the extraction with carbon dioxide. 1. A method for extraction of a raw material or a combination of raw materials to produce a formulation rich in phytochemicals , and preferably plant-proteins , and which is based on or rich in oil , said method comprisingbringing the raw material or combination of raw materials into contact with a solvent being carbon dioxide and which optionally is assisted with one or more co-solvent(s) being GRAS (generally recognized as safe), such as but not limited to water, ethanol, dimethyl carbonate;performing an extraction in high pressure conditions ranging from subcritical to super critical conditions in carbon dioxide in a pressure range of 250-800 bars and in a temperature range of 15-45° C. to provide a formulation being rich in phytochemicals, e.g. lipids, phenolics, terpenoids and alkaloids,wherein a residue obtained in the method for extraction is subjected to extraction in carbon ...

SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING ORGANIC MATERIAL

A system for processing organic material can include an extraction system to extract soluble compounds from the organic material using a compressed solvent to form diluted soluble compounds. The system also can include a filter system to pump and filter the diluted soluble compounds through a membrane filter. The membrane filter can remove a retentate comprising undesirable components. The membrane filter also can permit passage of a permeate comprising desirable components and the compressed solvent. The undesirable components comprise a larger molecular weight than the desirable components. The system can further include a depressurization system to depressurize the permeate and allow the compressed solvent to convert from a fluid to a gas. The depressurization system also can separate the desirable components from the gas. 1. A system for processing organic material , the system comprising:an extraction system for extracting soluble compounds from organic material using a compressed solvent to form diluted soluble compounds; remove a retentate comprising undesirable components; and', 'permit passage of a permeate comprising desirable components and the compressed solvent, wherein the undesirable components comprise a larger molecular weight than the desirable components; and the system further comprises:, 'a filter system for filtering the diluted soluble compounds through a membrane filter that cana depressurization system for depressurizing the permeate and the compressed solvent, and separating the desirable components from the permeate and the compressed solvent.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the extraction system and filter system can process the compressed solvent at:a pressure in a range of about 570 psi to not greater than about 5000 psi; anda temperature in a range of about 40° F. to about 120° F.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filter system comprises a pump and nanofiltration.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the retentate comprises at least ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EXTRACTION OF COMPOUNDS FROM BOTANICAL MATTER

Systems and methods of extracting compounds from botanical matter are provided. The system includes: a solvent source; an extraction vessel which receives botanical matter from which compounds, including at least one target compound are extracted into a solution; a detector that obtains real time information the compounds; a separation vessel for separating the target compound from the solution; a throttle located between the extraction vessel and the separation vessel for controlling flow of the solution; and a controller connected to the detector and the at the throttle for receiving and processing the real time information and controlling, via the throttle, flow rate of the solution from the extraction vessel to the separation vessel based at least partly on the processed real time information about the compounds. 1. An extraction system comprising:a solvent source;an extraction vessel in fluid communication with the solvent source, the extraction vessel configured to receive botanical matter from which a solvent from the solvent source extracts a plurality of compounds into a solution, the plurality of compounds including at least one target compound;a detector configured to obtain real time information about at least one of the plurality of compounds in the solution;a separation vessel in fluid communication with the extraction vessel, the separation vessel configured to separate the at least one target compound from the solution;at least one throttle located between the extraction vessel and the separation vessel for controlling flow of the solution from the extraction vessel to the separation vessel; anda controller in operative communication with the detector and the at least one throttle, the controller configured to receive and process the real time information and control, via the at least one throttle, flow rate of the solution from the extraction vessel to the separation vessel based at least partly on the processed real time information about the at ...

TARGETRY COUPLED SEPARATIONS

Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art. 120-. (canceled)21. A method of manufacturing a radionuclide metal that is a fission product of the fissioning of uranium , the method comprising:fissioning a molten fuel salt containing uranium, thereby generating an irradiated fuel salt mixture containing molten uranium salt and fission products, wherein the fission products include the radionuclide metal;contacting at least some of the irradiated fuel salt mixture with supercritical carbon dioxide containing a ligand that forms a metal complex with the radionuclide metal but does not form a metal complex with the uranium in the fuel salt, thereby forming a combined fuel salt and supercritical carbon dioxide mixture containing an amount of radionuclide metal complexes;separating at least some of the radionuclide metal complexes from the combined fuel salt and supercritical carbon dioxide mixture; anddecomposing the radionuclide metal complexes to obtain the radionuclide metal.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the contacting further comprises:removing the irradiated fuel salt mixture from a molten ...

Targetry coupled separations

Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

METHOD FOR LIQUID TREATMENT OF A WOOD SPECIES

The present invention relates to an improved method for impregnating a porous material, such as wood, more specifically a method in which an active ingredient to be deposited within the porous material is dissolved in condensed carbon dioxide and impregnated in the material 111-. (canceled)12. A method for treating a wood species with an active ingredient , the method comprising:providing the wood species in a container;applying pressure, in the container, by providing gaseous carbon dioxide to the container, said container comprising the wood species, at a temperature below the critical point of carbon dioxide to provide a compressed gas;further pressurizing the container to reach a prevailing pressure in the container and to provide condensed carbon dioxide;providing an active ingredient to the container comprising the wood species, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of polymers for increasing water resistance, organic and inorganic biocides, aromas, colorants and organic and inorganic salts;maintaining the prevailing pressure for a predetermined period of time while the active ingredient is in the container;increasing the temperature in the container to a temperature above the critical point of carbon dioxide at the prevailing pressure to provide carbon dioxide in supercritical form;maintaining the temperature in the container at a temperature at or above the critical point of carbon dioxide at the prevailing pressure for a second predetermined period of time; andreducing the pressure in the container to atmospheric to complete the treatment of the wood species and to provide carbon dioxide in gaseous form, wherein the treatment of the wood species results in one or more of: the wood species being impregnated with the active ingredient, a compound being extracted from the wood species, the wood species being dyed, or the water resistance of the wood species being increased.13. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the active ...

EXTRACTION METHOD

A method for extraction of desirable comounds from cannabis provides for high-cannabinoid full spectrum (HCFSE) extractions, using COat low temperature to extract the compounds in an extraction vessel. The COwith extracted compounds is transferred to a heated vessel which converts the COto a gas, allowing the desired compounds to drop out and be removed. 1. A method of extracting from cannabis , comprising the steps of:a) placing cannabis in an extraction vessel;{'sub': '2', 'b) introducing COinto the extraction vessel at an extraction pressure and at an extraction temperature,'}c) thereby extracting components from the cannabis;{'sub': '2', 'd) moving the COwith extracted components from the extraction vessel to a first separator held at a first separator pressure of between 500 and 900 psi and a separation temperature thereby dropping out extracted terpenes, cannabinoids or THC; and'}e) removing the extracted terpenes, cannabinoids or THC from the first separator.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the separation temperature is between 60 to 600 degrees F.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction pressure is between 500 to 2000 psi4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction temperature is between −50 to 80 F.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cannabis is dried cannabis.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cannabis is not-dried cannabis.7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprises the steps of moving the COwith any remaining extracted components from the first separator to a second separator; andremoving any additional extracted terpenes, cannabinoids or THC from the second separator.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction pressure is between 500 to 700 psi to extract high terpene low cannabinoid components.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first separator pressure is between 500 to 600 psi to extract high terpene low cannabinoid components.10. The ...

MOBILE SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTOR SYSTEM WITH EVAPORATOR CHAMBER HAVING CONES AND RELATED METHODS

A supercritical extractor system may include extractor chambers coupled to a supercritical fluid pump and configured to receive a matrix for an extraction process and a supercritical fluid from the supercritical fluid pump, and evaporator chambers coupled to the extractor chambers and configured to output an extractant from the matrix. Each evaporator chamber may include a body defining a cavity, a cone within the cavity, and arms coupled between an inner surface of the body and the cone. The supercritical extractor system may include a condenser coupled between the evaporator chambers and the supercritical fluid reservoir, and a controller coupled to the supercritical fluid pump, the extractor chambers, and the evaporator chambers and configured to monitor a characteristic during the extraction process. 1. A supercritical extractor system comprising:a supercritical fluid reservoir configured to store a supercritical fluid;a supercritical fluid pump coupled to said supercritical fluid reservoir;a plurality of extractor chambers coupled to said supercritical fluid pump and configured to receive a matrix for an extraction process and the supercritical fluid from said supercritical fluid pump; a body defining a cavity therein,', 'at least one cone within the cavity, and', 'a plurality of arms coupled between an inner surface of said body and said at least one cone;, 'a plurality of evaporator chambers coupled to said plurality of said extractor chambers and configured to output an extractant from the matrix, each evaporator chamber comprising'}a condenser coupled between said plurality of evaporator chambers and said supercritical fluid reservoir; anda controller coupled to said supercritical fluid pump, said plurality of extractor chambers, and said plurality of evaporator chambers and configured to monitor at least one characteristic during the extraction process.2. The supercritical extractor system of wherein the supercritical fluid comprises supercritical CO.3. ...

Condensible gas botanical extraction systems and methods

An apparatus for the extraction of compounds from botanical material using a condensable gas solvent includes sequential extraction and separation stages.

CONDENSIBLE GAS BOTANICAL EXTRACTION SYSTEMS AND METHODS

An apparatus for the extraction of compounds from botanical material using a condensable gas solvent includes an extraction chamber and a cyclonic separator. The cyclonic separator includes a cyclone chamber having a cyclonic tangential fluid inlet. A solvent flow path extends from the extraction chamber to the cyclonic tangential fluid inlet. A sonic flow nozzle is positioned in the solvent flow path upstream of the cyclonic tangential fluid inlet. 1. Apparatus for the extraction of compounds from botanical material using a condensable gas solvent , the apparatus comprising:(a) an extraction chamber having a solvent outlet;(b) a cyclonic separator comprising a cyclone chamber having a cyclonic tangential fluid inlet and a fluid outlet;(c) a solvent flow path extending from the solvent outlet of the extraction chamber to the cyclonic tangential fluid inlet; and,(d) a sonic flow nozzle positioned in the solvent flow path adjacent the cyclonic tangential fluid inlet.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sonic flow nozzle is positioned at an upstream end of the cyclonic tangential fluid inlet whereby the solvent passing through the sonic flow nozzle enters the cyclone chamber at sonic velocity.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the sonic flow nozzle comprises the cyclonic tangential fluid inlet.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the extraction chamber is operated below 0° C. and with the solvent in a liquid or a supercritical phase claim 1 , and the solvent flow path further comprises a heater proximate an inlet of the sonic flow nozzle wherein the solvent exiting the heater is gaseous.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a solvent return path extending from the fluid outlet of the cyclonic separator to the extraction chamber.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the outlet of the sonic flow nozzle is positioned at an inlet port of the cyclone separator.7. A method for extracting compounds from botanical material using a condensable gas solvent ...

PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY DIESEL BY SUPERCRITICAL WATER PROCESS

A method for producing a diesel having improved cold flow properties, the method comprising the steps of introducing a crude oil to a distillation column, separating the crude oil in the distillation unit to produce a light gas oil, and a light vacuum gas oil, where the light gas oil has a T95% cut point in the range between 300 deg C. and 340 deg C., where the light vacuum gas oil has a T95% cut point in the range between 400 deg C. and 430 deg C., processing the light vacuum gas oil in the supercritical water unit to produce an upgraded vacuum gas oil, separating the upgraded vacuum gas oil in the fractionator to produce an upgraded light fraction, an upgraded light gas oil, and upgraded heavy fraction, introducing the upgraded light gas oil into a diesel pool, and blending the light gas oil into the diesel pool. 1. A system for producing a diesel having improved cold flow properties , the system comprising: a supercritical upgrading unit fluidly connected to the distillation column, the supercritical upgrading unit configured to process the light vacuum gas oil to produce an upgraded vacuum gas oil, wherein the light vacuum gas oil comprises a reduced amount of polycyclic aromatics compared to the heavy vacuum gas oil;', 'a fractionator fluidly connected to the supercritical upgrading unit, the fractionator configured to separate the upgraded vacuum gas oil to produce an upgraded light fraction, an upgraded light gas oil, and upgraded heavy fraction; and', 'a diesel pool, the diesel pool configured to blend the light gas oil, where the diesel pool comprises diesel., 'a distillation column, the distillation column configured to separate a crude oil to produce a light fraction stream, a light gas oil, a light vacuum gas oil, a heavy vacuum gas oil, and a vacuum residue stream, where the light fraction stream has a T95% cut point of less than 240 deg C., where the light gas oil has a T95% cut point in the range between 300 deg C. and 340 deg C., where the light ...

METHODS FOR CATHODE RECYCLING OF END-OF-LIFE LITHIUM BATTERIES

Disclosed herein are improved methods and devices for recycling lithium cathodes from batteries using a Soxhlet extractor. 1. A method for recycling lithium cathodes from batteries comprising using a redox mediator wherein the method further comprises the step of a Soxhlet extraction process to remove a binder from a lithium cathode.2. The method of wherein the binder is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).3. The method of wherein the Soxhlet extraction process takes place under a vacuum.4. The method of wherein the binder is soluble in a solvent used in the Soxhlet extraction process.5. The method of further comprising mechanical agitation of the lithium cathode.6. The method of further comprising sonication of the lithium cathode.7. The method of wherein the Soxhlet extraction process comprises a condenser that is cooled to a temperature of less than negative 18° C.8. The method of wherein the Soxhlet extraction process comprises a condenser that is cooled to a temperature of less than negative 196° C.9. The method of wherein the binder is isolated from the lithium cathode.10. The method of wherein the redox mediators are quinone-based redox mediators.11. The method of wherein the redox mediator is 3 claim 10 ,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone.12. The method of wherein the redox mediator is selected from the group consisting of thymoquinone claim 10 , methyl-p-benzoquinone claim 10 , duroquinone claim 10 , and naphthoquinone.13. The method of wherein the cathode is Li[NiMnCo]O.14. The method of wherein the cathode is Li[NiMnCo]O.15. The method of wherein the redox mediator is dissolved in an electrolyte.16. The method of wherein the electrolyte is dimethyl ether (DME).17. The method of further comprising using a cathode powder that is agitated in a redox-mediator electrolyte with the Li metal covered with a porous polypropylene membrane.18. The method of wherein the redox mediator is a quinone-based redox mediator.19. The method of wherein the redox mediator is 3 claim 18 ...

Compositions containing thymohydroquinone and their method of preparation

Disclosed are compositions enriched with thymohydroquinone, further comprising of thymoquinone, hederagenin and/or α-hederin formulated by blending the active molecules isolated from the seeds of Nigella sativa. Also disclosed are novel processes for the isolation of bioactive components thymohydroquinone, thymoquinone from the seeds of Nigella sativa. A process for the isolation α-hederin and hederagenin from the spent material of Nigella sativa is also disclosed herein.

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY SYSTEM

Provided is a supercritical fluid chromatography system, and components comprising such a system, including one or more of a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel, and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller and the use of the chiller allow efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps in the supercritical chromatography system using liquid-phase gas mobile phase. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges in the supercritical chromatography system. The cyclonic separator efficiently and effectively allows for separation of sample molecules from a liquid phase or gas phase stream of a supercritical fluid. 1. A method of separating components of a sample using supercritical fluid in a chromatography system , said method comprising:pumping carbon dioxide from a source in gaseous phase through a single, chilled pump head, to cool and compress the carbon dioxide to behave as a compressed fluid in supercritical phase, said supercritical phase carbon dioxide able to flow at a flow rate that is repeatable and proportionate to pumping speed without cavitation effects after passing from the source through the single, chilled pump head;mixing a portion of the supercritical phase carbon dioxide with a sample designated for component separation, said mixing performed to create a sample mixture suitable for chromatographic separation of the sample into components;pumping the sample mixture into a removable, cylindrical inner chromatography column containing stationary phase media; andpumping an unmixed portion of the supercritical phase carbon dioxide into an outer chamber that surrounds the cylindrical walls of the inner chromatography column to balance the pressures on the inside and outside of the inner chromatography column so that no part of the cylindrical walls of the inner chromatography column is exposed to a ...

NANOPOROUS STARCH AEROGELS IMPREGNATED WITH PHYTOSTEROLS AND METHODS OF PREPARING THE NANOPOROUS STARCH AEROGELS

Formation of low-crystallinity phytosterol nanoparticles via cooling-controlled supercritical carbon dioxide (SC—CO) impregnation of phytosterols into biodegradable nanoporous starch aerogels and methods of preparing these aerogels are disclosed. The nanoporous starch aerogels increase water dissolution and bioaccessibility of the phytosterols, thereby making them available for preparation of high nutraceutical value foods. 1. A nanoporous starch aerogel impregnated with a bioactive.2. The aerogel as set forth in wherein the nanoporous starch aerogel is a wheat starch aerogel.3. The aerogel as set forth in wherein the bioactive is a phytosterol.4. The aerogel as set forth in wherein the phytosterol is selected from the group consisting of β-sitosterol claim 3 , campesterol claim 3 , stigmasterol claim 3 , and combinations thereof.5. A method of forming a starch aerogel impregnated with a bioactive claim 3 , the method comprising:forming a nanoporous starch aerogel; and{'sub': '2', 'cooling-controlled impregnating of a supercritical carbon dioxide (SC—CO)-bioactive solvato-complex into the nanoporous starch aerogel.'}6. The method as set forth in wherein the forming of the nanoporous starch aerogel comprises:forming a starch hydrogel;exchanging water in the starch hydrogel with ethanol to form an alcogel; and{'sub': '2', 'SC—COdrying the alcogel to form the nanoporous starch aerogel.'}7. The method as set forth in wherein forming the starch hydrogel comprises gelatinizing starch at a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to about 140° C. to form a three-dimensional starch hydrogel.8. The method as set forth in wherein the starch hydrogel comprises about 10% starch.9. The method as set forth in wherein the starch comprises wheat starch.10. The method as set forth in wherein exchanging water in the starch hydrogel with ethanol to form an alcogel comprises immersing the starch hydrogel in an ethanol solution.11. The method as set forth in wherein the ethanol solution ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD TO REMOVE SOLIDS FROM MATERIAL LIFT OFF POST PROCESS SOLVENTS

An apparatus and method for removing post MLO (Material Lift Off) materials from a recycle solvent stream utilize a space efficient design and in a fashion that greatly reduces equipment downtime to maintenance and in a health friendly fashion. 1. An apparatus for filtering post process MLO (Material Lift Off) solvent comprising:a housing including an inner dividing wall that divides a hollow interior of the housing into a first compartment and a second compartment that is completely isolated from the first compartment;a first filter device removably disposed in the first compartment;a second filter device removably disposed in the second compartment and being completely independent from the first filter device;a first inlet that is in fluid communication with the first compartment and positioned such that unfiltered post process MLO solvent flows into an interior of the first filter device and a first outlet that is in fluid communication with the first compartment at a location exterior to the first filter device for receiving filtered post process MLO; anda second inlet that is in fluid communication with the second compartment and positioned such that unfiltered post process MLO solvent flows into an interior of the second filter device and a second outlet that is in fluid communication with the second compartment at a location exterior to the second filter device for receiving filtered post process MLO solvent;wherein the apparatus is configured such that one of the first and second filter devices can be in an online, operating state, while the other of the first and second filter devices can be in an offline state.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the housing is defined by front and rear walls claim 1 , top and bottom walls and first and second side walls with the inner dividing wall extending between and in sealed relationship to the front and rear walls and extending between an in sealed relationship to the top and bottom walls.3. The apparatus of claim ...

QUANTITATIVE ONLINE CO2-BASED EXTRACTION

Exemplary embodiments are directed to methods and systems for performing online quantitative supercritical fluid extraction. An extraction cell having a known or characterized volume is loaded with a sample matrix including an analyte of interest. The extraction cell is pressurized with extraction conditions to dissolve the analyte from the sample matrix. The dissolved solution is directed from the extraction cell to a sample loop which also has a characterized volume. The dissolved solution is then directed from the sample loop to a chromatography column and subsequently to a detector. The detector output is compared against a calibration curve to determine an amount of the analyte within the sample matrix based on the known volumes of the sample loop and the extraction cell. 1. A method for quantitative online fluid extraction , comprising:loading a substantially negligible volume of an extraction cell having a characterized volume with a sample matrix including an analyte of interest;bringing the extraction cell to target extraction conditions;dissolving the analyte of interest in an extraction fluid to generate a dissolved solution;homogenizing a concentration of the dissolved analyte within the extraction cell;directing the dissolved solution to a sample loop having a characterized volume within a second valve;directing the dissolved solution from the sample loop to a chromatography column;directing an output from the chromatography column to a detector; andcomparing a detector output against a calibration curve to determine an amount of the analyte of interest within the sample matrix.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating the calibration curve using an autosampler by performing a chromatographic injection with a known quantity of the analyte of interest in order to generate a detection response.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:calculating a mass of the analyte directed through the chromatography column based on the calibration ...

Methods of Purifying Cannabinoids Using Liquid:Liquid Chromatography

The present specification discloses methods of purifying one or more cannabinoids from a plant material using unique biphasic solvent systems and liquid-liquid chromatography as centrifugation partitioning chromatography (CPC) or counter current chromatography (CCC). The present specification also provides purified cannabinoids such as CBG, CBGA, CBGV, CBD, CBDA, CBDV, THC, THCA and THCV, compositions comprising one or more of these cannabinoids produced by the disclosed method, and methods for treating a disease or condition employing such purified cannabinoids and compositions. 1. A method of purifying one or more cannabinoids from a plant material including a plant , a plant resin or a plant extract , the method consisting essentially of the following steps:{'sub': '2', '(a) incubating the plant material with a solvent selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, heptane, petroleum ethers, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrahydrofurane, diethyl ether, toluene, benzene, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, butane, propane, 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (R134a) or, liquid, subcritical or supercritical COor mixes thereof to form a solvent mixture which extracts the one or more cannabinoids from the plant material, wherein the solvent mixture has an original volume;'}(b) for THC-type extracts, adding to the solvent mixture a biphasic solvent system selected from the group consisting of hexane:ethanol:water, pentane:acetonitrile and hexane:acetonitrile, wherein the pentane:acetonitrile system and the hexane:acetonitrile system optionally include ethyl acetate and/or water as a modifier; for CBD-type extracts, adding to the extract a biphasic sovent system of hexane:ethanol:water; and for CBG-type extracts, adding to the extract a biphasic solvent system of hexane:ethanol:water; and(c) performing liquid:liquid chromatography using a biphasic solvent system of step b), thereby purifying the one or more ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CANNABIS EXTRACTION

This disclosure provides methods and systems for the supercritical fluid extraction of cannabinoids from . The supercritical fluid extraction of cannabinoids is performed with carbon dioxide (CO) balanced with one or more hydrocarbons, such as propane, propene, and propadiene. As demonstrated, the extraction can be carried out at maximum efficiency and energy savings while keeping the wax formation at minimum by lowering temperature. The methods and systems disclosed herein reduce the production time and safety/environmental hazards and are suitable for proper and safe extraction in non-GMP and GMP environments. 1cannabis. A method for extraction , comprising:{'i': cannabis', 'cannabis, 'sub': '2', '(i) contacting plant material with a supercritical fluid solvent system comprising carbon dioxide (CO) and a hydrocarbon co-solvent, to obtain a extract; and'}{'i': 'cannabis', '(ii) removing the supercritical fluid solvent system from the extract.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon co-solvent is selected from the group consisting of propane claim 1 , propene claim 1 , propadiene claim 1 , and a combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of carbon dioxide to the hydrocarbon co-solvent is between about 0.75 to about 0.25 and about 0.98 to about 0.02.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of carbon dioxide to the hydrocarbon co-solvent is about 0.95 to about 0.05.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of contacting is performed at a pressure between about 650 psi and about 800 psi.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of contacting is performed at a temperature between about 32° F. and about 38° F.7. The method of claim 1 , comprising repeating steps (a) and (b) at least once.8cannabis. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises terpene oil.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction efficiency of terpene is at least 50% higher than a predetermined reference value.10cannabis. The method of ...

HIGH RATE HYDROCARBON SOLVENT EXTRACTION SYSTEM, PROCESS AND METHOD

A system, process and method for remediating contaminated soil and solvent recovery. A solvent mixture including a polar and a non-polar solvent is mixed with contaminated soil in mixing vessels, allowing the solvent mixture to extract contaminates from the soil. The solvent mixture is separated from the soil using bicanting units to form a solvent stream and a soil stream. The soil stream goes through air sparging in a dryer to remove residual solvent vapor. Water and/or micro-fines are extracted from the solvent stream using a centrifuge. The solvent stream undergoes distillation in a distillation unit to remove the containments from the solvent stream, while recovering separately the solvent mixture and a product. The recovered solvent mixture can be recycled back to the mixing vessels. The contaminates can be BTEX or F1-F4 hydrocarbons, and the product can be oil or other hydrocarbons. The system can be mobile. 1. A hydrocarbon solvent extraction and recovery system comprising:one or more mixing vessels configured to mix contaminated material and a solvent mixture to form a slurry, said solvent mixture including a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent;one or more bicanting units in communication with at least one of said mixing vessels, respectively, and configured to separate a solvent stream and a material stream, said solvent stream including said solvent mixture and contaminants extracted from said contaminated material by said solvent mixture;an air sparging unit configured to receive said material stream from at least one of said bicanting units and to remove residual solvent vapor from said material stream to provide remediated material;a centrifuge in communication with said bicanting units, and configured to receive said solvent stream and remove water or micro-fines from said solvent stream;a distillation unit configured to receive said solvent stream from said centrifuge and to recover said solvent mixture and a hydrocarbon product from said solvent ...

Extraction Apparatus and Method

A fractional extraction apparatus comprises one or more extraction vessel configured to receive a process fluid, allow the process fluid to come into contact with a source material within the extraction vessel under either of a selectively configured first predetermined pressure and a first predetermined temperature to remove a first predetermined extracted material from the source material to form a first mixture or a second predetermined pressure and a second predetermined temperature to remove a second predetermined extracted material from the source material to form a second mixture. The apparatus further comprises one or more separation chamber and a circulation conduit, the conduit including a separation portion configured to receive the first or second mixture and permit a portion of the first or second predetermined extracted material to separate from the mixture within the separation chamber. The apparatus further comprises a temperature regulator configured to regulate the temperature of the process fluid during extraction. The apparatus further comprises a thermal manager configured to regulate the temperature of the process fluid during recirculation. The apparatus further comprises one or more filter plugs configured to retain a filter at the opening of the extraction vessel. 1. A fractional extraction apparatus , comprising:an extraction vessel having a first extraction vessel opening and a second extraction vessel opening, the extraction vessel configured to receive a process fluid through either of the first or a second extraction vessel openings, allow the process fluid to come into contact with a source material within the extraction vessel under either of a selectively configured first predetermined pressure and a first predetermined temperature to remove a first predetermined extracted material from the source material to form a first mixture or a second predetermined pressure and a second predetermined temperature to remove a second ...

Cannabis production systems and methods

A vertically-integrated Cannabis-related product production method is described, the method comprises, producing a distilled cannabinoid and/or a crystallized cannabinoid from Cannabis plants, comprising: in a farming system, growing the Cannabis plants, the Cannabis plants comprise a cannabinoid; in an extraction system, extracting the cannabinoid from the Cannabis plants; in a purification system, purifying the cannabinoid to produce a purified cannabinoid; and in a distillation and/or a crystallization system, distilling and/or crystallizing the purified cannabinoid to produce the distilled cannabinoid and/or the crystallized cannabinoid. Various ways to purify, distill, and process the cannabinoids are described. An insect pest management system may be integrated with the farming system to grow the Cannabis plants in the presence of predatory mites which feed on insects and/or spider mites.

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING NON-CRYSTALLINE FORMS OF CANNABIDIOL

Various aspects of this patent document relate to liquid compositions comprising cannabidiol, which have either freezing points or glass-liquid transition temperatures less than the melting point of pure cannabidiol. 1. A composition , comprising cannabidiol at a concentration of at least 50 and no greater than 99.5 percent by mass and one or more solutes selected from terpenes , terpene alcohols , and terpenoids at a combined concentration of at least 0.5 and no greater than 40 percent by mass , wherein:the one or more solutes are dissolved in the cannabidiol;the composition has a freezing point; andthe freezing point is less than 21 degrees Celsius.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the cannabidiol at a concentration of at least 75 and no greater than 99 percent by mass.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition lacks tetrahydrocannabinol at a concentration greater than 0.3 percent by mass.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein:the composition comprises tetrahydrocannabinol at a concentration greater than 0.3 percent by mass;the tetrahydrocannabinol is dissolved in the cannabidiol; andthe composition comprises the cannabidiol and the tetrahydrocannabinol at a ratio of at least 3:1 and no greater than 200:1 by mass.5. The composition of claim 1 , comprising (6aS claim 1 ,10aR)-6 claim 1 ,6 claim 1 ,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a claim 1 ,7 claim 1 ,8 claim 1 ,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-1-ol at a concentration of at least 0.05 and no greater than 5 percent by mass claim 1 , wherein the (6aS claim 1 ,10aR)-6 claim 1 ,6 claim 1 ,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a claim 1 ,7 claim 1 ,8 claim 1 ,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-1-ol is dissolved in the cannabidiol.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises molecules that each have a boiling point of less than 182 degrees Celsius at a combined concentration of at least 95 percent by mass.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition lacks propylene ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF METAL

A method for supercritical fluid extraction of metal from a source, the method comprising: providing a reactor chamber; providing a source comprising a target metal; optionally, providing a chelating agent; providing a solvent; adding the source comprising the target metal, the chelating agent and the solvent into the reactor chamber; adjusting the temperature and pressure in the reactor chamber so that the solvent is heated and compressed above its critical temperature and pressure; optionally, providing mechanical agitation to the reactor chamber; recovering a chelate comprising the target metal. 1. A method for supercritical fluid extraction of a metal from a source , the method comprising: providing a source comprising a target metal;', 'providing a chelating agent;', 'providing a solvent;', 'optionally, providing a co-solvent;', 'adding the source comprising the target metal, the chelating agent, the solvent and optionally the co-solvent into the reactor chamber;', 'adjusting the temperature and pressure in the reactor chamber so that the solvent is heated and compressed above its critical temperature and pressure;', 'optionally, providing mechanical agitation to the reactor chamber; and', 'recovering a chelate comprising the target metal., 'providing a reactor chamber;'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chelating agent is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an organophosphorus compound claim 1 , a ketone claim 1 , a dithiocarbamate claim 1 , a crown ether claim 1 , an ethylene oxide diphosphate derivative claim 1 , a fluorinated compound claim 1 , 8-hydroxyquinoline or a derivative thereof claim 1 , an aminopolycarboxylic acid claim 1 , an amide claim 1 , an organic acid claim 1 , a quaternary ammonium salt and an oxime.315-. (canceled)16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of CO claim 1 , water claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , benzene and toluene. ...

Plant trichome filtration and concentration

Trichomes, lupulins and other plant parts can be efficiently separated from plant biomass by continuous filtration. In some embodiments plant biomass is collected and combined with water to form a plant biomass mixture. The plant biomass mixture is passed through a filtration device in which the plant biomass mixture is continuously flowed through a filter material. The device includes a cleaning apparatus that cleans the filter material during the process. In some embodiments greater than 90% of the plant parts are collected from the starting plant biomass. The plant parts can be subsequently processed to obtain desired compounds. For example, trichomes can be separated from other plant biomass and subsequently processed to extract one or more cannabinoids or terpenes, such as THC and/or CBD.

PROCESS FOR MAKING A WATER SOLUBLE, FULL SPECTRUM HEMP OIL

A powdered, water-soluble Full Spectrum Hemp Oil is formed using organic materials and natural products to form a non-GMO, fast acting, whole plant hemp extract without harsh chemicals such as hexane. The Full Spectrum Hemp Oil may be extracted using CO2 concurrent gas extraction to avoid use of chemical additives. 1. A method of forming a Full Spectrum Hemp Oil comprising:receiving a biomaterial including a cannabinoid;extracting a raw extract mixture from the biomaterial using a CO2 gas extraction;winterizing the raw extract mixture;filtering the raw extract mixture using one of: an ionized still and a rotary evaporator to obtain a Full Spectrum Hemp extract;forming an emulsion solution comprising a flow agent, an emulsifier, a carrier oil, and the Full Spectrum Hemp extract;blending the emulsion solution using an intermittent high shear blending process;forming an emulsion; andspray drying the emulsion to form a powder wherein the powder is a generally consistent size.2. The method of wherein the emulsion solution is spray dried using a pulse spray drying process comprising accelerating at least one combustion gas to at least 300 mph and spraying the emulsion into the accelerated combustion gas.3. A method of forming a Full Spectrum Hemp Oil comprising:receiving a biomaterial including a cannabinoid;extracting a Full Spectrum Hemp extract;forming an emulsion including the Full Spectrum Hemp extract; andspray drying the emulsion to form a powder.4. The method of wherein the emulsion is spray dried using a pulse combustion process comprising:accelerating at least one combustion gas;injecting the emulsion into a gas stream formed by the accelerated combustion gas;heating and drying the emulsion to form a powder; andcollecting the powder.5. The method of further comprising determining a density of the biomaterial.6. The method of further comprising extracting the Full Spectrum Hemp extract using a CO2 gas extraction.7. The method of wherein the emulsion is formed ...

MARSDENIA CUNDURANGO CREEPER EXTRACTS, COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING THEM AND COSMETIC USES OF SAME

The invention relates to a method for obtaining a extract containing terpinyl cinnamate compounds, the bark or wood extracts comprising terpinyl cinnamate compounds obtained by the method, cosmetic compositions comprising them, and the cosmetic uses of same for improving the barrier function of the skin, for improving protection against toxins and detoxification of the skin, and finally for reducing the signs of ageing. 1Marsdenia cundurango. A method for obtaining a extract comprising terpinyl cinnamate compounds , characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:{'i': 'Marsdenia cundurango', 'a) the bark and/or wood of creepers are/is collected, dried and then milled;'}b) an extraction is performed with a fluid in the supercritical state,{'i': 'Marsdenia cundurango', 'c) the extract is recovered,'}d) the extract obtained in step c) possibly is purified.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the fluid in the supercritical state is carbon dioxide.3. The method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the extraction of step b) is performed at a temperature between 45 and 55° C. and at a pressure between 200 and 260 bar within the extractor.4Marsdenia cundurango. The method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the extract contains at least 10% by weight of terpinyl cinnamate compounds.5. The method according to any one of claim 1 , characterised in that in step b) at least one apolar co-solvent is also used.6. The method according to claim 5 , characterised in that the apolar co-solvent is an agro-sourced solvent selected from vegetable oils claim 5 , acid esters and long- or short-chain alcohols claim 5 , such as ethyl acetate claim 5 , ethyl lactate claim 5 , ethyl propionate claim 5 , isopropyl palmitate claim 5 , ethyl oleate claim 5 , methyl stearate claim 5 , oleyl oleate claim 5 , triethyl citrate claim 5 , glycerol caprylate/caprate triglyceride claim 5 , or agro-sourced C10 to C14 hydrocarbons claim 5 , or a ...

Determination of analytes in a sample matrix by solvent extraction

Determination of Analytes in a Sample Matrix by Solvent Extraction A method for the assay of one or more analytes in a sample matrix comprising the steps of: performing analyte extraction on the sample matrix, said analyte extraction comprising combining the sample matrix with a solvent for an extraction period which is less than that required for reaching equilibrium; and separating the analyte containing solvent from the sample matrix; next measuring a level of analyte present in the separated solvent; and then applying in a computer a calibration by which is established a mathematical relationship between levels of analyte extracted from each of a plurality of reference samples by means of the process employed above in the extraction for the sample matrix and a reference value of the levels of analyte for each reference sample to thereby derive a measure of the level of analyte in the sample matrix. Specifically a method to determine the amount of mycotoxins in cereal grain, especially OTA (ochratoxin A) and DON (deoxynivalenol) by mixing with a solvent comprising water alcohol mixture, with 20-40% ethanol by volume.

Supercritical Fluid Extraction Process of Kenaf Seeds

The present invention provides a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process for extracting oil of kenaf seed ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.), wherein the SFE process utilises a supercritical fluid and is conducted in a pressure ranging from 200 to 600 bars with a temperature ranging from 40 to 80° C.

METHOD OF SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF PLATINOIDS, FROM A SUPPORT CONTAINING SAME, WITH AN EXTRACTION MEDIUM CONSISTING OF A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID AND AN ORGANIC LIGAND

Method of selective extraction of a metal of the family of platinoids, from a ceramic support containing said metal, comprising the following successive steps: 1. A method of selective extraction of a metal of the family of platinoids , from a ceramic support containing said metal , comprising the following successive steps:a) said ceramic support containing said metal is brought into contact, in an extraction chamber, with an extraction medium consisting of a pressurized dense fluid and of an organic ligand that is selective for the metal and that is capable of forming a complex with said metal in the 0 state; whereby are obtained, on the one hand, a ceramic support depleted in said metal, or, optionally, free of said metal, and, on the other hand, a medium consisting of the pressurized dense fluid containing the complex of the organic ligand with the metal in the 0 state;b) said pressurized dense fluid containing the complex of the organic ligand with the metal in the 0 state is brought back to atmospheric pressure and to ambient temperature, whereby the complex of the organic ligand with the metal in the 0 state separates from the fluid;c) the ceramic support depleted in said metal, or, optionally free of said metal, and the complex of the organic ligand with the metal in the 0 state, are recovered.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal of the family of platinoids is selected from the group consisting of platinum claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , gold claim 1 , silver claim 1 , and alloys and mixtures thereof.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal is in the form of nanoparticles dispersed on at least one external surface of the ceramic support and the metal is extracted in the form of nanoparticles of the metal in the (0) metal state.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide; helium; xenon; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; sulphur hexafluoride; ...

PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY DIESEL BY SUPERCRITICAL WATER PROCESS

A method for producing a diesel having improved cold flow properties, the method comprising the steps of introducing a crude oil to a distillation column, separating the crude oil in the distillation unit to produce a light gas oil, and a light vacuum gas oil, where the light gas oil has a T95% cut point in the range between 300 deg C. and 340 deg C., where the light vacuum gas oil has a T95% cut point in the range between 400 deg C. and 430 deg C., processing the light vacuum gas oil in the supercritical water unit to produce an upgraded vacuum gas oil, separating the upgraded vacuum gas oil in the fractionator to produce an upgraded light fraction, an upgraded light gas oil, and upgraded heavy fraction, introducing the upgraded light gas oil into a diesel pool, and blending the light gas oil into the diesel pool. 1. A method for producing a diesel having improved cold flow properties , the method comprising the steps of:introducing a crude oil to a distillation column;separating the crude oil in the distillation unit to produce a light gas oil, and a light vacuum gas oil, where the light gas oil has a T95% cut point in the range between 300 deg C. and 340 deg C., where the light vacuum gas oil has a T95% cut point in the range between 400 deg C. and 430 deg C.;introducing the light vacuum gas oil to a supercritical upgrading unit;processing the light vacuum gas oil in the supercritical water unit to produce an upgraded vacuum gas oil;introducing the upgraded vacuum gas oil to a fractionator;separating the upgraded vacuum gas oil in the fractionator to produce an upgraded light fraction, an upgraded light gas oil, and upgraded heavy fraction;introducing the upgraded light gas oil into a diesel pool, where the diesel pool comprises diesel; andblending the light gas oil into the diesel pool.2. The method of claim 1 , where the diesel in the diesel pool meets the standards of EN590.3. The method of claim 1 , where the diesel in the diesel pool has a cloud point of ...

Diffuser assembly and associated methods

Exemplary embodiments are directed to a diffuser assembly configured to be disposed in an extraction path of an extracting solvent in an extraction vessel. The diffuser assembly includes a housing configured to be disposed within the extraction vessel, the housing including an inner surface and an outer surface. The diffuser assembly includes an inlet structure disposed within the housing. The diffuser assembly includes an outlet structure disposed within the housing and spaced from the inlet structure to form a mixing chamber between the inlet structure and the outlet structure. The inlet structure and the outlet structure each have a porosity configured for passage of the extracting solvent therethrough. Passage of the extracting solvent through the inlet structure, the mixing chamber, and the outlet structure redistributes flow of the extracting solvent along the extraction path.

EXTRACTOR HAVING A SOLVENT DRAINAGE ZONE

An immersion extractor may have a housing that maintains a solvent pool in which solids material being processed is immersed during operation. One or more bed decks can be positioned inside of the housing to provide multiple extraction stages. In some examples, a final bed deck extends from below a solvent level maintained in the housing to above the solvent level such that solids material is conveyed out of the solvent pool and toward a feed outlet at the end of extraction. The bed deck may include a drainage section positioned between the top of the solvent level in the extractor and the feed outlet, allowing solvent to drain out of the solids material before being discharged through the feed outlet, thereby increasing the efficiency of the extraction process. 1. An immersion extractor comprising:a housing configured to maintain a solvent pool in which a solids material being processed is immersed during operation of the extractor; andat least one bed deck positioned inside the housing and providing a surface along which the solids material is conveyed during operation of the extractor;wherein the at least one bed deck extends from below a solvent level maintained in the housing to above the solvent level so as to convey the solids material out of the solvent pool and toward a feed outlet, andwherein the at least one bed deck comprises a drainage section positioned between the solvent level and the feed outlet.2. The immersion extractor of claim 1 , wherein the drainage section comprises a screen covering an opening in the at least one bed deck through which solvent can drain.3. The immersion extractor of claim 2 , wherein the opening has a length ranging from 0.1 meters to 5 meters.4. The immersion extractor of claim 2 , further comprising a sprayer configured to direct solvent directed upwards against the screen covering the drainage section.5. The immersion extractor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one bed deck is a final bed deck in the immersion extractor ...

EXTRACTION DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Extraction devices, methods, and systems are disclosed. Example devices have a solvent chamber, a plant material chamber, a collection chamber, and a solvent return that create an active, passive, or combination extraction and/or solvent purification process. Any extractable plant material can be used in the disclosed devices, methods, and systems although in some examples some form of the plant is used. 1. An extraction device , comprising:a solvent chamber structured to store a solvent having a stored solvent volume;a plant material chamber in fluid communication with the solvent chamber and structured to receive solvent released from the solvent chamber, the plant material chamber structured to house plant material and to expose the received solvent to the plant material to produce a solvent-extract solution;a collection chamber in fluid communication with the plant material chamber and structured to receive the solvent-extract solution from the plant material chamber, the solvent-extract solution including extracted plant material extracts produced from the exposure of the solvent to the plant material;a solvent return pathway that includes a solvent return, the solvent return pathway providing fluid communication between the collection chamber and the solvent chamber for solvent released from the solvent-extract solution; andone or more flow control valves positioned in-line with the solvent return pathway and configured to regulate the flow of released solvent from the collection chamber to the solvent chamber.2. The extraction device of claim 1 , wherein the stored solvent is either a stored liquid solvent claim 1 , a stored gaseous solvent claim 1 , or a stored solvent in a supercritical state.3. The extraction device of claim 1 , wherein the stored solvent includes one or more of butane claim 1 , a hydrocarbon-based solvent other than butane claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , a refrigerant-based solvent claim 1 , and an alcohol-based solvent.4. The ...

EXTRACTION DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Extraction devices, methods, and systems are disclosed. Example devices have a solvent chamber, a plant material chamber, a collection chamber, and a solvent return that create an active, passive, or combination extraction and/or solvent purification process. Any extractable plant material can be used in the disclosed devices, methods, and systems although in some examples some form of the cannabis plant is used. 1. A method , comprising:releasing fluid solvent stored in a solvent chamber into a plant material chamber along a first fluid pathway;exposing plant material stored in the plant material chamber to the released solvent;causing the exposed plant material to create a solvent-extract solution;releasing the solvent-extract solution from the plant material chamber into a collection chamber along a second fluid pathway;collecting the solvent-extract solution in the collection chamber;causing the solvent-extract solution to release gaseous solvent;releasing the gaseous solvent into a solvent return pathway that includes a solvent return directly connected between at least one of the first fluid pathway and the solvent chamber, the plant material chamber and the solvent chamber, or the second fluid pathway and the solvent chamber.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the releasing of the fluid solvent stored in the solvent chamber is controlled by a controllable flow control valve.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid solvent includes one or more of butane claim 1 , a hydrocarbon-based solvent other than butane claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , a refrigerant-based solvent claim 1 , and an alcohol-based solvent.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant material chamber includes multiple plant material tanks that are each connected to the solvent chamber and the collection chamber in parallel between the first fluid pathway and the second fluid pathway claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , and further comprising exposing plant material stored in each of the ...

PORTABLE SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION APPARATUS

A portable supercritical fluid extraction apparatus, comprising: 1. A portable supercritical fluid extraction apparatus , comprising:(i) pressure vessel for generating a supercritical fluid therein;(ii) a liquid solvent supply tank;(iii) a means for interconnecting said pressure vessel and said liquid solvent supply tank at a predetermined angle for delivery therethrough said interconnecting means of a liquid solvent from the liquid solvent supply tank to the pressure vessel; and(iv) a heating component for heating contents of the pressure vessel to produce a supercritical fluid therein.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , additionally comprising a sample infuser in fluid communication with the pressure vessel claim 1 , said sample infuser configured for receiving a sample therein and infusing the sample with the supercritical fluid to produce an extract therefrom.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the sample infuser has a shape selected from one of a cylindrical tube claim 2 , tube having a hairpin shape claim 2 , a portafilter shape claim 2 , conical shape claim 2 , a spherical shape claim 2 , and a ball shape.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , additionally comprising a receiving tank in fluid communication with the pressure vessel claim 1 , for receiving the extract therein.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the receiving tank is provided with a vent for venting solvent.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the receiving tank is provided with an access port.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , additionally comprising a heating means for the pressure vessel.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the heating means is one of a heating wrap claim 7 , heating block claim 7 , and a heating jacket.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said pressure vessel is fabricated with a metal material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , copper claim 1 , and titanium alloy.10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said liquid solvent ...

SYSTEM FOR CONTINUOUS FEEDING AND DISCHARGING OF SOLID MATERIAL TO AND FROM A VESSEL OPERATING UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

A continuous feeding and discharging system for solid material under high pressure is provided. The system includes a feeding assembly, a high pressure vessel, and a discharging assembly. The feeding assembly includes a raw material hopper that feeds solid raw material, a COfeeder that feeds dry ice, and a mixer that mixes the solid raw material with the dry ice to form an impermeable mixture. The high pressure vessel performs an extraction process under a supercritical condition to extract soluble components from the solid raw material. The discharging assembly includes a discharging extruder that receives the solid residue discharged from the high pressure vessel, a binder liquid feeder that feeds binder liquid to mix with the solid residue to form a uniform mixture and compacts the mixture to form impermeable pellets of residue, and a discharging valve that discharges the impermeable pellets of residue from the discharging extruder. 1. A continuous feeding and discharging system comprises: a raw material hopper that feeds solid raw material;', {'sub': 2', '2, 'a COfeeder that feeds dry ice or liquid CO;'}, {'sub': '2', 'a mixer that mixes the solid raw material with the dry ice or liquid CO; and'}, 'a piston-cylinder assembly comprises a piston and a cylinder, wherein the piston-cylinder assembly receives a mixture of the solid raw material and the dry ice, or liquid CO2 using a low pressure supply pump;, 'a feeding assembly that comprisesa high pressure vessel that performs an extraction process under a supercritical condition, wherein the piston-cylinder pushes the mixture of the solid raw material and the dry ice, or liquid CO2 to the high pressure vessel for extraction of soluble components from the solid raw material; and a discharging extruder that receives solid residue discharged from the high pressure vessel;', 'a binder liquid feeder that feeds binder liquid to the discharging extruder, wherein the discharging extruder first mixes the solid residue with ...

Methods for Purification of Non-Psychoactive Isoprenoid Compounds from Biological Extracts

A method for the extraction and isolation of the terpene and isoprenoid compounds from plant material, followed by a centrifugal force induced selective crystallization of isoprenoids resulting in a separation of terpene and isoprenoid fractions. This this method is suitable for the extraction of cannabinoids from Cannabis and the enrichment tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and reduction of tetrahydrocannabinol in an extract. The purity of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid resulting from centrifugal crystallization is such that dissolution and selective recrystallization of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid is possible resulting in >99.9% pure tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, w/w. 1. A method of extracting terpene and isoprenoid compounds from plant material and for selectively enriching the concentration of isoprenoid compounds in a fraction of this extract comprising:a. Cannabis plant material into an extraction chamber;b. degassing the extraction chamber;c. introducing chilled solvent into the extraction chamber;d. filtration of the extract-containing solvent;e. removal of the extract-containing solvent from the extraction chamber;f. placing the extract-containing solvent into a centrifuge vessel;g. centrifuging the centrifuge vessel to promote crystallization and to separate the crystals from the supernatant solvent; andh. collecting the THCA containing crystals.2. The method of wherein the solvent is subcritical n-propane claim 1 , butane claim 1 , hexane claim 1 , pentane claim 1 , ether claim 1 , ethyl acetate claim 1 , heptane claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , naphtha claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , isopropanol claim 1 , butanol claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The method of wherein the solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide.4. The method of wherein various extracts of Cannabis are substituted for the plant material.5. The method of further comprising addition of sugar claim 1 , salt claim 1 , or other precipitants to the extract containing solvent prior to ...

Extractor For High Pressure Extraction Of A Matrix

Generally, an extraction system useful in separating an extract from a matrix using one or more extractants. Specifically, an extractor including one or more of: an extraction vessel having an extractor vessel internal surface which defines an extraction chamber which communicates between open extraction vessel first and second ends, a first piston configured to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel first end or a second piston adapted to sealably engage the extractor vessel internal surface of the extraction vessel second end. 1. An extractor , comprising:an extraction vessel having an internal surface which defines an extraction chamber which communicates between open extraction vessel first and second ends;a first piston having a first piston sidewall joining a first piston first base opposite a first piston second base, said first piston sidewall adapted to slidingly sealably engage said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end;a second piston having a second piston sidewall joining a second piston first base opposite a second piston second base, said second piston sidewall adapted to slidingly sealably engage said internal surface of said extraction vessel second end;a first piston retaining member slidingly engaging said first piston first base of said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end; anda second piston retaining member slidingly engaging said second piston first base of said second piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end.23-. (canceled)4. The extractor of claim 1 , further comprising a first piston retaining member guide including a first guide channel in which said first piston retaining member slides between a first position which engages said first piston first piston first base of said first piston sealably engaged with said internal surface of said extraction vessel first end and a second ...

SUPERCRITICAL CO2 CELLULOSE SPRAYDRYING

The present invention provides for a process for producing dry, water-dispersible, non-surface modified nanocellulose particles or a powderous composition r comprising said particles comprising the steps of: 1. A process for producing non-surface modified nanocellulose particles or a powderous composition comprising said particles comprising the steps of:i. providing a first suspension of non-surface modified cellulose particles in an first aqueous liquid, which aqueous liquid is non-solubilising for the non-surface modified nanocellulose particles,ii. exchanging substantially all of the first aqueous liquid of the first suspension for a second solvent, which is miscible with the first aqueous liquid and non-solubilising for the non-surface modified nanocellulose particles, to form a second suspension of non-surface modified nanocellulose particles in said second solvent,iii. contacting a flow of the second suspension of non-surface modified nanocellulose particles with a flow of a fluid in a supercritical or critical state, which fluid in a supercritical or critical state is miscible with the second solvent and non-solvating for the non-surface modified nanocellulose particles under conditions suitable for the transfer of substantially all of the second solvent into the supercritical fluid,iv. removing the second solvent and the fluid in a supercritical or critical state to form the dry, water-dispersible nanocellulose particles,v. collecting the non-surface modified nanocellulose particles and/or forming a powderous composition comprising said particles.2. A process for producing dry , water-dispersible , non-surface modified nanocellulose particles or a powderous composition comprising said particles comprising the steps of:vi. providing a first suspension of non-surface modified cellulose particles in an first aqueous liquid, which aqueous liquid is non-solubilising for the non-surface modified nanocellulose particles,vii. exchanging substantially all of the ...

MODULAR EXTRACTION VESSEL AND ASSOCIATED METHODS

Exemplary embodiments are directed to a method for diffusing fluid flow within a modular extraction vessel. A modular extraction vessel can be assembled using a plurality of extraction vessel chambers, and each extraction vessel chamber is associated with at least one diffuser element. An extracting solvent is introduced into the modular extraction vessel, and the extracting solvent flows through the extraction vessel chambers. By flowing through the extraction vessel chambers and diffusers, the flow path of the extracting solvent is diffused along an extraction path. 1. A method for diffusing fluid flow within a modular extraction vessel , comprising:assembling a modular extraction vessel including a plurality of extraction vessel chambers, wherein each extraction vessel chamber is associated with at least one diffuser;introducing an extracting solvent into the modular extraction vessel;flowing the extracting solvent through the plurality of extraction vessel chambers; anddiffusing a flow path of the extracting solvent along an extraction path using the diffusers associated with the extraction vessel chambers.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the positioning of the extraction vessel chambers and the diffusers redistributes flow of the extracting solvent along the extraction path more equally than a single extraction vessel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction vessel chambers are arranged in parallel within the modular extraction vessel.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction vessel chambers are arranged in series within the modular extraction vessel.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein a fluid diffuser is positioned between each extraction vessel chamber arranged in series.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein assembling the modular extraction vessel includes coupling each extraction vessel chamber in series with a fluid diffuser between each extraction vessel chamber.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein flowing the extracting solvent through the ...

PORTABLE EXTRACTION DEVICE

The present invention provides a portable extraction device for extracting at least one constituent from a substance by an extraction fluid. The extraction device comprises at least one pump, an extractor, an evaporator, and a condenser. The substance and the extraction fluid are placed and mixed in the extractor. The extraction fluid is a subcritical fluid. The constituent in the substance will be dissolved in the extraction fluid under a predetermined pressure and temperature. The evaporator receives the extraction fluid including the constituent from the extractor, and heats the extraction fluid including the constituent to gasify the extraction fluid and separate the constituent from the gasified extraction fluid. The condenser receives the gasified extraction fluid via a first pipe, liquefies the gasified extraction fluid, and transmits the liquefied extraction fluid to the extractor via a second pipe. The extractor, the evaporator, and the condenser are operated under constant pressure. 1100101102103104. A portable extraction device ( , , , , ) for extracting at least one constituent from a substance by an extraction fluid , comprising:{'b': '11', 'an extractor () for placing and mixing the substance and the extraction fluid, wherein the extraction fluid is a subcritical fluid, the constituent in the substance will be dissolved into the extraction fluid under a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature;'}{'b': 13', '11', '11', '13', '11, 'an evaporator (), provided below the extractor (), and interconnected to the extractor (), wherein the evaporator () receives the extraction fluid including the constituent from the extractor (), and heats the extraction fluid including the constituent so as to gasify the extraction fluid and therefore separate the constituent from the gasified extraction fluid;'}{'b': 15', '13', '13', '21', '11', '23', '15', '13', '21', '12', '11', '23, 'a condenser (), provided below the evaporator (), connected to an upper ...