СПОСОБ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ОТХОДЯЩИХ ГАЗОВ НА УСТАНОВКЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УКСУСНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

В заявке описан способ скрубберной очистки отходящего газа, образующегося на установках для производства уксусной кислоты, и необходимое оборудование. Способ включает подачу отходящего газа и уксусной кислоты при минимальной скорости потока в установку скрубберной очистки уксусной кислотой, отведение отходящего газа из установки скрубберной очистки, подачу отводимого отходящего газа в установку скрубберной очистки метанолом, очистку в ней отходящего газа метанолом и отведение очищенного отходящего газа из установки скрубберной очистки метанолом. А именно, раскрывается способ эксплуатации системы срубберной очистки отходящего газа на установке получения уксусной кислоты, при осуществлении которого на установке получения уксусной кислоты образуется отходящий газ, содержащий йодистый метил, причем указанная производственная установка включает реактор, секцию регенерации легких фракций, включающую колонну отделения легких фракций, установку скрубберной очистки уксусной кислотой и установку ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КАРБОНИЛИРОВАНИЯ МЕТАНОЛА, ИМЕЮЩЕЕ АБСОРБЕР С ВОЗМОЖНОСТЬЮ ВЫБОРА ИЗ НЕСКОЛЬКИХ РАСТВОРИТЕЛЕЙ

Изобретение относится к получению уксусной кислоты карбонилированием. Устройство для карбонилирования метанола содержит реактор для карбонилирования метанола или его реакционноспособных производных, имеющий катализатор, выбранный из родиевых, иридиевых катализаторов и их смесей, и активатор метилиодида в реакционной смеси с уксусной кислотой, подающий узел для подачи монооксида углерода и метанола или его реакционноспособных производных в реактор, испарительный узел для приема потока реакционной смеси и ее разделения на первый жидкий повторно используемый поток и неочищенный технологический поток, содержащий уксусную кислоту, первую дистилляционную колонну, соединенную с испарительным узлом и приспособленную для отделения низкокипящих компонентов, включающих метилиодид, от неочищенного технологического потока и образования очищенного технологического потока, причем первая дистилляционная колонна, реактор и испарительный узел функционируют с образованием потока отходящего газа, содержащего ...

Способ разделения водородсодержащей углеводородной смеси, сепарационная секция и олефиновая установка

СПОСОБ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ОТХОДЯЩИХ ГАЗОВ НА УСТАНОВКЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УКСУСНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ ОТРАБОТАННОГО ГАЗА, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО ПОЛИЦИКЛИЧЕСКИЕ АРОМАТИЧЕСКИЕ УГЛЕВОДОРОДЫ

АБСОРБЕНТ ДЛЯ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ КИСЛЫХ ГАЗОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИЙ АМИНОКИСЛОТУ И КИСЛЫЙ ПРОМОТОР

... 1. Абсорбент для извлечения кислых газов из жидкостного потока, включающий водный раствор:a) по меньшей мере одной соли металла с аминокарбоновой кислотой иb) по меньшей мере одного кислого промотора, который выбран из карбоновых кислот, сульфокислот, органических фосфоновых кислот и их неполных сложных эфиров,причем молярное отношение компонента b) к компоненту а) составляет от 0,0005 до 1.2. Абсорбент по п.1, причем кислый промотор выбран из группы, включающей протонные кислоты с показателем кислотности рКменее 6 или их нечетвертичные аммониевые соли.3. Абсорбент по п.1, причем кислый промотор включает многоосновную кислоту.4. Абсорбент по п.1, причем кислый промотор включает 1-гидроксиэтан-1,1-дифосфоновую кислоту.5. Абсорбент по п.1, причем аминокарбоновая кислота выбрана из группы, включающей α-аминокислоты, β-аминокислоты, γ-аминокислоты, δ-аминокислоты, ε-аминокислоты и ζ-аминокислоты.6. Абсорбент по п.1, причем аминокарбоновой кислотой является N-моноалкиламинокарбоновая кислота ...

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

Process for recovering volatile organic substances from gas mixtures

... 262,404. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges., (Assignees of Chemische Fabrik Griesheim-Elektron). Dec. 3, 1925, [Convention date]. Materials and compositions for purifying. - Triarylphosphates such as tricresylphosphates are used alone or in solution to remove volatile organic substances from gas mixtures such as are obtained in low temperature distillation and coliing. Mixtures of triarylphosphates obtained as described in Specification 181,835, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]. may be used.

Method for producing acetic acid

Provided is a method for producing acetic acid, the method comprising an absorption step that makes corrosion of the inside of a distillation column less likely to occur when a solution is subjected to distillation after having absorbed a target component. This method for producing acetic acid comprises an absorption step in which, in an acetic acid production process: at least some of an off-gas generated in the process is supplied to an absorption tower; the off-gas is brought into contact with an absorbent including one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, esters of C3 or higher carboxylic acids, esters of a carboxylic acid and a C2 or higher alcohol, and ethers to cause iodine compounds in the off-gas to be absorbed into the absorbent; and the result of contact is separated into a gas component having a reduced iodine compound concentration in comparison with the off-gas and a solution including the absorbent and the iodine compounds.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ACETIC ACID

Arrangement at a gas washer for the separation of the Naphtalins contained in the gas.

Methods, products and uses relating to scavenging of acidic sulfide species

The use of the combination of (a) an imine compound and (b) a compound including a soft electrophilic centre to scavenge and retain acidic sulfide species at a higher temperature and/or scavenge acidic sulfide species at an increased rate compared to that achieved using the imine compound alone.

Synergistic H2S scavengers

The use of a composition that includes a metal salt and an oil soluble amine formaldehyde reaction product scavenges H ...

CARBON DIOXIDE-ABSORBING SOLUTION AND METHOD OF RECOVERING CARBON DIOXI DE

A method for the recovery of carbon dioxide (CO2) which comprises: bringing, in an absorption tower, a gas to be treated into contact with a CO2-absorbing solution set forth in claim 1 to form a CO2-rich solution, said gas containing both CO2 and oxygen; circulating the CO2-rich solution in a regeneration tower to heat and discharge the CO2 and thus recover the same; returning the obtained CO2-poor solution to the absorption tower; and conducting heat exchange between the solution transferred from the absorption tower to the regeneration tower and the solution returned from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower. The method is characterized by: adding either a silicone oil and/or an aqueous alkanolamine solution in which an organosulfur compound represented by general formula (A) or (B) is dissolved to the solution present in the absorption tower and/or the solution returned from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower; and controlling the composition of the absorbing solution ...

METHOD FOR TREATING WASTE GAS CONTAINING POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement de gaz effluent contenant des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques comprenant une étape de lavage par pulvérisation d'une huile minérale afin de piéger lesdits hydrocarbures, caractérisé en ce que l'huile minérale comprend un mélange d'huile minérale aromatique et d' huile minérale naphténique. Elle comprend en outre l'utilisation d'une huile minérale naphténique pour abaisser la viscosité d'une huile minérale aromatique chargée en hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, avantageusement d'une huile minérale aromatique contenant au plus 30% en volume d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques.

DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL HIGH TEMPERATURE STABLE SCAVENGER FOR REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that are useful in removing, lowering the amount of, or otherwise controlling hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans. The compositions and methods can be used in any industry where hydrogen sulfide poses problems, such as when dealing with crude oil based, natural gas based, and/or coal based products. The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that can reduce the amount of or eliminate hydrogen sulfide in a variety of mediums.

ABSORBENT COMPRISING AMINO ACIDS AND ACIDIC PROMOTER FOR REMOVING ACIDIC GASES

An absorbent for removing acidic gases from a fluid stream, comprising an aqueous solution a) of at least one metal salt of an amino carboxylic acid and b) of at least one acidic promoter, where the molar ratio of b) to a) is in the range from 0.0005 to 1Ø The acidic promoter is selected from mineral acids, carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, organic phosphonic acids and partial esters thereof. The absorbent exhibits, compared to absorbents based on amino acid salts, a reduced requirement for regeneration energy, without significantly reducing the absorption capacity of the solution for acidic gases. In a process for removing acidic gases from a fluid stream, the fluid stream is contacted with the absorbent.

METHANOL CARBONYLATION SYSTEM HAVING ABSORBER WITH MULTIPLE SOLVENT OPTIONS

A methanol carbonylation system (10) includes an absorber tower (75) adapted for receiving a vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a scrubber solvent, the absorber tower being coupled to first and second scrubber solvent sources (16, 56) which are capable of supplying different first and second scrubber solvents. A switching system including valves (90, 92, 94, 96, 98) alternatively provides first or second scrubber solvents to the absorber tower and returns the used solvent and sorbed material to the carbonylation system to accommodate different operating modes.

LIGHT GAS SEPARATION FROM HYDROCARBONS FOR VARIABLE COMPOSITION FEED STREAMS

The invention is a process and apparatus for separating the components of a multi-component gas stream comprising light and heavier volatility components with a variable composition. The process includes contacting the multi-component gas stream with a lean solvent in an absorber to produce a light component overhead stream and a rich solvent bottoms stream, flashing the rich solvent bottoms stream in at least a first, second and third reduced constant pressure of sequentially lower pressure wherein the released gas is compressed and a part is routed back to the absorber bottoms as stripping gas and a part is routed as a part of the heavier product stream. In this invention compressed vapor from the first or second reduced constant pressure rich solvent flash vessel is split by flow control between recycle routing to the absorber bottom stage as stripping gas and to the heavier product hydrocarbon stream, depending on the feed gas concentration of light component. The third and any additional ...

REGENERABLE SOLVENT MIXTURES FOR ACID-GAS SEPARATION

A solvent system for the removal of acid gases from mixed gas streams is provided. Also provided is a process for removing acid gases from mixed gas streams using the disclosed solvent systems. The solvent systems may be utilized within a gas processing system.

SYNERGIZED ACETALS COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR SCAVENGING SULFIDES AND MERCAPTANTS

METHOD OF DEDUSTING EXHAUST GASES AND DEDUSTING AGENT

ABSORBENT FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE FROM FLUID MEDIUM FLOW

METHOD FOR ELIMINATING MOVEMENTS WITH REGENERATION OF THE ABSORBENT SOLUTION BY MOVING CHEMICAL BALANCE

PROCESS Of HYDROCARBON OXIDATION

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'oxydation d'hydrocarbures, notamment d'hydrocarbures saturés pour la production de peroxydes, alcools, cétones, aldéhydes et/ou diacides. La présente invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à un procédé d'oxydation par l'oxygène moléculaire d'un hydrocarbure saturé cycloaliphatique pour la production de cétones/alcools et encore plus particulièrement à l'oxydation du cyclohexane par l'oxygène moléculaire en cyclohexanol et cyclohexanone.

Process for selective removal of acid gases from fluid streams using a hybrid solvent mixture

Disclosed is a process for regenerating a hybrid solvent used to remove contaminants from a fluid stream and to provide an improved yield of purified fluid. Said process comprises at least two purification units and at least one regeneration unit wherein regenerated lean hybrid solvent and condensed water from the regeneration unit is used to reclaim additional purified fluid in the second purification unit.

Development of a novel high temperature stable scavenger for removal of hydrogen sulfide

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that are useful in removing, lowering the amount of, or otherwise controlling hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans. The compositions and methods can be used in any industry where hydrogen sulfide poses problems, such as when dealing with crude oil based, natural gas based, and/or coal based products. The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that can reduce the amount of or eliminate hydrogen sulfide in a variety of mediums.

POLYSILOXANE SCRUBBING LIQUID FOR REMOVING TAR-LIKE COMPOUNDS

System for the capture and release of acid gases

Testing the effect of solvating agents on the stability of asphaltene dispersions

Hydrocarbon separation process

Process and apparatus for sweetening and liquefying a gas stream

A process and apparatus for liquefying a gas stream comprising hydrocarbons and sour species is provided in which the sour species are removed in liquefied form as the sweetened gas stream is progressively cooled to liquefaction temperatures. The process involves cooling the gas stream in a manner to produce a cooled gas stream comprising gaseous hydrocarbons and residual sour species. The cooled gas stream is then treated with a cold solvent to deplete the cooled gas stream of residual sour species. The resulting cooled sweetened gas stream is then further cooled to produce liquid hydrocarbons.

Process for CO2 capture using micro-particles comprising biocatalysts

A process for capturing CO includes contacting a C0-containing gas with an absorption mixture optionally within a packed reactor. The absorption mixture includes a liquid solution and micro-particles. The micro-particles include a support material and biocatalyst supported by the support material and are sized and provided in a concentration such that the absorption mixture flows through the packed reactor and that the micro-particles are carried with the liquid solution to promote dissolution and transformation of CO into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The absorption mixture and micro-particles may be provided in an absorption reactor so as to be pumpable. Furthermore, a process for desorbing CO gas from an ion-rich aqueous mixture includes providing biocatalytic micro-particles and feeding the mixture to a desorption reactor, to promote transformation of the bicarbonate and hydrogen ions into CO gas and water.

CO2 recovery system and CO2 absorption liquid

Formulation and process for CO2 capture using amino acids and biocatalysts

A formulation and a process for CO capture, where a CO-containing gas in contacted with water, biocatalyst and an amino acid compound, enabling the dissolution and transformation of the CO into bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions, producing an ion-rich solution and a CO-depleted gas. The amino acids may present slow absorption kinetics and having elevated stability such that absorption is enhanced in combination with the biocatalyst. The amino acid compound and the biocatalyst may be selected such that the active sites of the biocatalyst benefit from proton removal facilitated by the amino acid compounds, thus improving the CO absorption.

Integration of FT system and syn-gas generation

In some implementations, a method for separating components includes receiving off-gas from a Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis reaction process. The off-gas is scrubbed with a light oil at least proximate atmospheric temperature to substantially remove a mixture of C ...

SYNERGIZED ACETALS COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR SCAVENGING SULFIDES AND MERCAPTANTS

This invention provides a composition comprising I. at least one reaction product between a nitrogen-free monohydric alcohol and an aldehyde or ketone, wherein the aldehyde or ketone contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the monohydric alcohol comprises 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and II. at least one reaction product between a sugar alcohol and an aldehyde or ketone, wherein the aldehyde or ketone contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and wherein the sugar alcohol contains 4 to 12 carbon atoms and 4 to 10 hydroxy groups, and wherein not more than one hydroxy group is attached to each carbon atom, and optionally III. at least one reaction product from III. a) formaldehyde, and III. b) an amine, selected from the group consisting of primary alkyl amines having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and primary hydroxy alkyl amines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and optionally IV. at least one solid suppression agent selected from the group consisting of IV(a). alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides IV(b). mono-, di- or tri-hydroxy ...

COMPOSITION FOR REMOVING SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUND

Provided is a composition for removing a sulfur-containing compound in a liquid or a gas, wherein the sulfur-containing compound is hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an -SH group, or a mixture thereof, and the composition contains, as an active ingredient, an a,ß-unsaturated aldehyde represented by general formula (1) (wherein: R1 and R2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6-12 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 are bonded to each other to form an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms; and R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, or R3 is bonded with R1 to form an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms).

CONFIGURATIONS AND METHODS FOR FUEL GAS TREATMENT WITH TOTAL SULFUR REMOVAL AND OLEFIN SATURATION

Refinery off gases are treated in a plant in two processing steps, wherein the off gases are first scrubbed in a wash column using lean oils for removal of heavy mercaptans and C5+ hydrocarbons, and wherein a hydrotreater is then used for saturating olefinic hydrocarbons and reducing sulfurous compounds. Most preferably, lean recycle oil is used for temperature control of the hydrotreater reactor(s) in configurations where the lean oil from a hydrotreater reactor outlet separator is mixed with the reactor feed to so cool the hydrotreater reactor via evaporation.

CONFIGURATIONS AND METHODS FOR REMOVAL OF MERCAPTANS FROM FEED GASES

Contemplated configurations and methods employ COS hydrolysis and a downs tream H2S removal unit to produce a treated feed gas that is then further de sulfurized in an absorber using two lean oil fluids. The so produced mercapt an enriched hydrocarbon fluid is fed to a distillation column that produces a light overhead vapor that is preferably combined with the treated feed gas and a sulfur rich bottom product that is in most cases preferably directly fed to a hydrocarbon processing unit comprising a hydrotreater. In further e specially preferred aspects, the hydrocarbon processing unit produces at lea st one and more typically both of the two lean oil fluids, and the treated g as is optionally further processed to produce clean fuel gas in a hydrotreat er for olefinic saturation and sulfur conversion using a lean oil recycle fo r reactor temperature control.

CO2 RECOVERY SYSTEM AND CO2 ABSORPTION LIQUID

In an embodiment, a CO2 recovery system has an absorber, a regenerator, and a circulation device. An absorption liquid has an aqueous solution of amine having an alcohol group, and dimethyl silicone oil in which a part of methyl groups is substituted by at least one type selected from an aminoalkyl group, a carboxyl group, and a hydroxyl-containing alkyl group. The absorber contacts a combustion exhaust gas of a fossil fuel and the absorption liquid to absorb CO2, which is contained in the combustion exhaust gas, into the absorption liquid. The regenerator releases CO2 by applying thermal energy to the CO2-absorbed absorption liquid. A circulation device circulates the absorption liquid between the absorber and the regenerator.

CARBON DIOXIDE-ABSORBING SOLUTION AND METHOD OF RECOVERING CARBON DIOXIDE

In a preferred embodiment, there is provided a method of recovering carbon dioxide, including bringing a CO2-containing gas into contact with a CO2-absorbing solution in an absorption column; circulating the CO2-rich solution in a regeneration column and recirculating the absorbing solution inside the absorption column; and performing heat exchange between the CO2-poor solution and the CO2-rich solution, wherein an alkanolamine aqueous solution containing a silicone oil and/or organosulfur compound represented by the Formula (A) or (B) is added to the solution to adjust the absorbing solution so as to include from 30% to 60% by weight of the alkanolamine, from 0.01% to 2% by weight of the organosulfur compound and from 5 ppm to 100 ppm by weight of the silicone oil.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE AND MINIMIZING THE PRODUCTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE

A method of capturing carbon dioxide emitted by a power plant includes providing a reactor vessel having a shell with a top and a bottom, introducing an exhaust gas stream into the reactor vessel, the exhaust gas stream containing carbon dioxide, whereby the exhaust gas stream rises toward the top of the reactor vessel. The method includes introducing an organic sorbent solution into the reactor vessel near the top of the reactor vessel so that the organic sorbent solution falls toward the bottom of the reactor vessel, mixing the rising exhaust gas stream with the falling organic sorbent solution to precipitate calcium carbonate, and removing the calcium carbonate from the bottom of the reactor vessel, whereby the calcium carbonate includes the carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas stream.

УСТАНОВКА И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ТОПЛИВНОГО ГАЗА С ПОЛНОЙ ДЕСУЛЬФУРИЗАЦИЕЙ И НАСЫЩЕНИЕМ ОЛЕФИНОВ

Нефтезаводские отходящие газы очищают в установке за два технологических этапа, причем отходящие газы сначала промывают в промывочной колонне с использованием отбензиненных абсорбционных масел для удаления тяжелых меркаптанов и С5+-компонентов, при этом аппарат гидроочистки используют потом для насыщения олефиновых углеводородов и снижения содержания соединений серы. В наиболее предпочтительном варианте рециркуляционное отбензиненное абсорбционное масло используется для управления температурой реактора (реакторов) гидроочистки в установках, где отбензиненное абсорбционное масло из выходного сепаратора реактора аппарата гидроочистки смешивается с сырьем реактора, тем самым охлаждая реактор аппарата гидроочистки посредством испарения.

RECOVERY OF MONOMERS

ABSORBENT COMPRISING AMINO ACIDS AND ACIDIC PROMOTER FOR REMOVING ACIDIC GASES

ABSORBENT FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE FROM A FLUID STREAM

METHOD FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF ACID GASES FROM FLUID MEDIUM FLOWS USING MIXTURE OF HYBRID SOLVENT

УСТАНОВКИ И СПОСОБЫ ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ТОПЛИВНОГО ГАЗА С ПОЛНОЙ ДЕСУЛЬФУРИЗАЦИЕЙ И НАСЫЩЕНИЕМ ОЛЕФИНОВ

Нефтезаводские отходящие газы очищают в установке за два технологических этапа, причем отходящие газы сначала промывают в промывочной колонне с использованием отбензиненных абсорбционных масел для удаления тяжелых меркаптанов и С5+-компонентов, и при этом аппарат гидроочистки используют потом для насыщения олефиновых углеводородов и снижения содержания соединений серы. В наиболее предпочтительном варианте рециркуляционное отбензиненное абсорбционное масло используется для управления температурой реактора (реакторов) гидроочистки в установках, где отбензиненное абсорбционное масло из выходного сепаратора реактора аппарата гидроочистки смешивается с сырьем реактора, тем самым охлаждая реактор аппарата гидроочистки посредством испарения.

METHOD OF REMOVING SOIZ OF GAS BY MEANS OF THE POLYOL COMPLEX SOLUTION

SYNERGETIC COMPOSITION BASED ON ACETALS AND METHOD OF TRAPPING SULFIDES AND MERCAPTANS

REGENERATIVE EXTRACTION OF POLLUTING SUBSTANCES FROM WASTE GASES

Purification and recovery system for dichloromethane waste gas

METHOD OF TREATING FLUE GAS CONTAINING POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

métodos, produtos e usos relacionados aos mesmos

recovery of monomers

HYDRAZINE SPILL PAD APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING

An apparatus for remediating hydrazine and a method of manufacturing the apparatus for remediating hydrazine are disclosed. A pad treated with a dicarbonyl compound can be utilized to remediate hydrazine spills or hydrazine-contaminated surfaces. The apparatus to remediate hydrazine includes a pad comprising an absorbent medium pre-treated with a dicarbonyl compound, wherein a solution, surface, device, or component contaminated with hydrazine reacts with the dicarbonyl compound of the pad to convert the hydrazine into a stable organic compound, thereby decontaminating the spill. The pad may include a porous surface cover surrounding an inert absorbent medium component that in turn supports a dicarbonyl compound that reacts with the hydrazine from the surface. The absorbent medium can be a pad, fibrous material, granular material, or an aqueous absorbent medium. The absorbent medium generally comprises a porous outer fabric surface covering that allows solutions or vapors to pass into the ...

DEVICE FOR REMOVING SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUND AND METHOD FOR REMOVING SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUND

An apparatus for removing a sulfur-containing compound, including: a sulfur-containing compound removing part of bringing a gas to be treated containing a sulfur-containing compound into contact with an oil-soluble sulfur-containing compound absorbing agent, so as to remove the sulfur-containing compound; and a mixing part of mixing a sulfur-containing compound absorbed agent resulted from having the sulfur-containing compound absorbed to the sulfur-containing compound absorbing agent, and a non-aqueous liquid.

ABSORBENT COMPRISING AMINO ACIDS AND ACIDIC PROMOTER FOR REMOVING ACIDIC GASES

ＣＯ２回収システムおよびＣＯ２吸収液

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КОМБИНИРОВАННОГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СМЕСИ ВОДОРОДА И АЗОТА, А ТАКЖЕ МОНООКСИДА УГЛЕРОДА ПРИ ПОМОЩИ КРИОГЕННОЙ ДИСТИЛЛЯЦИИ И КРИОГЕННОЙ ПРОМЫВКИ

Способ комбинированного получения смеси водорода и азота, а также монооксида углерода при помощи криогенной дистилляции и криогенной промывки, в котором обогащенную метаном жидкость (45) вводят на первый промежуточный уровень скрубберной колонны (15) в качестве первой промывной жидкости, и по меньшей мере одну обогащенную азотом жидкость (73) вводят на уровень выше первого уровня скрубберной колонны в качестве второй промывной жидкости, и смесь водорода и азота отводят в виде верхнего газа (27) из скрубберной колонны. 2 н. и 8 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

СПОСОБ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

Изобретение относится к способу окисления углеводородов, в частности, насыщенных углеводородов, для получения пероксидов, спиртов, кетонов, альдегидов и/или дикислот. В частности, предложен способ окисления насыщенного углеводорода молекулярным кислородом, включающий обработку выходящих газообразных продуктов указанным способом окисления. Причем указанная обработка включает этап соединения выходящих газовых потоков, которые требуется обработать, с маслом в жидком состоянии, чтобы абсорбировать насыщенный углеводород, содержащийся в этих потоках, и второй этап обработки масла, наполненного углеводородами, путем отпарки (отгонки) водяным паром для экстракции углеводорода, конденсации собранного пара и отделения углеводорода декантацией. Способ позволяет экономично и селективно извлечь насыщенный углеводород, присутствующий в отходящих газах, чтобы можно было вернуть его в процесс окисления. 6 з.п. ф-лы, 3 пр.

СИСТЕМА РЕГЕНЕРАТИВНОЙ ФИЛЬТРАЦИИ И БОРЬБЫ С ВЫБРОСАМИ ЛОС

СПОСОБ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

... 1. Способ окисления насыщенного углеводорода молекулярным кислородом, включающий обработку выходящих газообразных продуктов указанным способом окисления, отличающийся тем, что указанная обработка включает этап соединения выходящих газовых потоков, которые требуется обработать, с маслом в жидком состоянии, чтобы абсорбировать насыщенный углеводород, содержащийся в этих потоках, и второй этап обработки масла, наполненного углеводородами, путем отпарки (отгонки) водяным паром для экстракции углеводорода, конденсации собранного пара и отделения углеводорода декантацией.2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что углеводород выбран из группы, содержащей циклогексан, циклооктан, циклододекан и декалин.3. Способ по п.п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что масло выбрано из группы, содержащей парафиновые, нафтеновые масла и их смеси.4. Способ по п.п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что он представляет собой способ окисления насыщенного углеводорода до гидропероксида, спирта и/или кетона.5. Способ по п.3, отличающийся ...

Porous liquids

A dispersion comprising porous material, such as a zeolite, activated carbon or a metal organic framework material (MOF), dispersed in oil, such as silicone oils, halogenated oils, paraffin oils, triglyceride oils and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a method of preparing the dispersions and their use in adsorbing gases, such as carbon dioxide. The dispersions exhibit high gas capacities and selectivity.

PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE USING CARBONATES AND BIOCATALYSTS

A formulation and process for capturing CO ...

Integration of FT system and syn-gas generation

In some implementations, a method for separating components includes receiving off-gas from a Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis reaction process. The off-gas is scrubbed with a light oil at least proximate atmospheric temperature to substantially remove a mixture of C ...

Absorbent for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream

An absorbent for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream comprises an aqueous solution of a) a tertiary amine, b) a sterically hindered secondary amine of the general formula (I) in which R ...

Absorbent for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream

An absorbent for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream comprises an aqueous solution of a) a tertiary amine, b) a sterically hindered secondary amine of the general formula (I) in which R ...

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR CARBON CAPTURE AND ENERGY PRODUCTION

The present invention pertains to new methods for generating energy and useful nitrogen compounds from captured carbon dioxide. It involves employing an osmotic engine, draw solution, and feed solution. An osmotic gradient between the solutions assists in generating energy and a solution of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or mixture thereof. This solution may be decomposed to form ammonia, carbon dioxide, a precipitate, or a mixture thereof.

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR RECOVERING CARBON MONOXIDE FROM CATALYTIC FAST PYROLYSIS PRODUCT

The present invention provides an improved process for recovering CO from a catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) process product effluent. The process comprises the steps of: a) providing a first vapor phase stream resulting from a CFP process comprising, on a water- free and solids-free basis, from 25 to 80 % CO and at least 15 % CO2, b) mixing the first vapor phase stream of step a) with a particular solvent to make a mixed phase stream, c) separating the mixed phase stream of step b) into a second vapor phase stream comprising CO and a liquid phase stream, and d) recovering a product stream from the second vapor phase stream of step c) having a higher concentration of CO and a lower concentration of CO2 than the first vapor phase stream of step a).

REGENERABLE SOLVENT MIXTURES FOR ACID-GAS SEPARATION

A solvent system for the removal of acid gases from mixed gas streams is provided. Also provided is a process for removing acid gases from mixed gas streams using the disclosed solvent systems. The solvent systems may be utilized within a gas processing system.

METHANOL CARBONYLATION SYSTEM HAVING ABSORBER WITH MULTIPLE SOLVENT OPTIONS

A methanol carbonylation system (10) includes an absorber tower (75) adapted for receiving a vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a scrubber solvent, the absorber tower being coupled to first and second scrubber solvent sources (16, 56) which are capable of supplying different first and second scrubber solvents. A switching system including valves (90, 92, 94, 96, 98) alternatively provides first or second scrubber solvents to the absorber tower and returns the used solvent and sorbed material to the carbonylation system to accommodate different operating modes.

Methanol carbonylation system having absorber with multiple solvent options

Polyol compound solution method for removing SOx in the gas

Carbon dioxide absorbing composition containing ionic compound containing cyclic ammonium cation and carbon dioxide separation method using the same

Provided are a carbon dioxide absorbing composition including an ionic material containing a cyclic ammonium cation and a method of separating carbon dioxide using the same, and the carbon dioxide absorbing composition of the present disclosure has high thermal and chemical stability and excellent carbon dioxide absorption effect. In addition, the method of separating carbon dioxide using the carbon dioxide absorbing composition is very effective for desorption of carbon dioxide, and is a very economical method since it allows repeated use of the carbon dioxide absorbing composition.

COMPOSITION AND APPRATUS FOR PURIFYING NITROGEN-OXIDE-CONTAINING GASES

Method for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbons from coke oven gas with biodiesel as a scrubbing liquid and a device for performing the method

The invention relates to a method for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbons from coke oven gas (COG), wherein biodiesel is conveyed in a circuit as a scrubbing liquid. The coke oven gas (COG) is brought into contact with the biodiesel in a first gas scrubber stage (3) for the separation of aromatic hydrocarbons. The biodiesel enriched with aromatic hydrocarbons is then drawn off from the first gas scrubber stage (3), heated and regenerated by stripping with steam. The biodiesel regenerated by stripping is then fed again, after cooling, to the first gas scrubber stage (3). According to the invention, the coke oven gas (COG) purified in the first gas scrubber stage (3) is fed to a further, second gas scrubber stage (4), to which a more intensively stripped partial quantity of the biodiesel is fed as a scrubbing liquid.

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE

There are provided methods and compositions for capturing CO2. The method can comprise contacting CO2 with a composition comprising diethylenetriamine and at least one compound chosen from phosphonium-based ionic liquids, polymeric solvents, and mixtures thereof. These methods and composition are thus useful for capturing CO2 in a given environment.

PROCESS, METHOD, AND SYSTEM FOR REMOVING MERCURY FROM FLUIDS

Elemental mercury is removed from a gas by contacting it with a halogen dissolved in an organic solvent. The mercury accumulates in the organic solvent and can be removed by extraction with an aqueous solution with a complexing agent, by adsorption, and by combinations. The absorption process can also operate by use of a series of absorbers which have successively higher concentrations of halogen in the solution and which successively remove more the mercury from the gas. A portion of the solvent in the last absorber can be cascaded to the previous absorber in the series. In one embodiment, the process is carried out at a temperature of absorber at less than or equal to 28° C. above the higher of the water dew in point and the hydrocarbon dew point. The mercury waste from the process is produced as either an aqueous solution or a small volume of mercuric sulfide.

Mikrobielles Verfahren zur Herstellung niedermolekularer, organischer Verbindungen umfassend die Produktabsorption durch Isophoron

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren umfassend die Verfahrensschritte A) Bereitstellen einer wässrigen Lösung umfassend niedermolekulare, organische Verbindungen produzierende Mikroorganismen, B) Einleiten mindestens eines Gases oder Gasgemisches in die wässrige Lösung, C) Ausleiten des Gasstromes durch eine Isophoron enthaltende Zusammensetzung und gegebenenfalls D) Abtrennen der niedermolekularen, organischen Verbindung von der Isophoron enthaltenden Zusammensetzung.

Methanol carbonylation system having absorber with multiple solvent options

SCAVENGING SYSTEM INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE MIXED ACETAL COMPOUND TO REMOVE HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND/OR MERCAPTANS FROM A FLUID STREAM

A solution including at least one mixed acetal compound is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans from a fluid stream, preferably a fluid gas stream. A mixed acetal compound, as provided in the general structure below, includes an N-glycosidic type bond. The mixed acetal includes nitrogen and oxygen as provided below: ...

COMPOSITION FOR REMOVAL OF SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUND

A composition for removing a sulfur-containing compound in a liquid or in a gas. This composition contains an aldehyde and a polyvalent amine represented by general formula (1). The sulfur-containing compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen sulfide and compounds containing an -SH group.

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR CARBON CAPTURE AND ENERGY PRODUCTION

The present invention pertains to new methods for generating energy and useful nitrogen compounds from captured carbon dioxide. It involves employing an osmotic engine, draw solution, and feed solution. An osmotic gradient between the solutions assists in generating energy and a solution of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or mixture thereof. This solution may be decomposed to form ammonia, carbon dioxide, a precipitate, or a mixture thereof.

METHOD FOR WASTE GAS DEDUSTING AND DEDUSTING AGENT

A method and device for waste gas dedusting and a dedusting agent used in the method. A dust-containing waste gas (1) and an organic dedusting agent (4) are introduced into a dedusting tower (3), respectively, and make contact with each other in the tower; at least part of the water vapor in the dust-containing waste gas (1) is condensed, and the organic dedusting agent (4) and the condensed water adsorb solid particles, acidic pollutants, organic pollutants and/or heavy metal compounds in the dust-containing waste gas; and the resulting purified gas (2) is emptied out or subjected to a subsequent process. The organic dedusting agent (4) comprises a non-toxic and high boiling point organic solvent composition, being two or more selected from cooking oil, silicone oil, modified silicone oil, liquid-state asphalt oil, tung tree seed oil, liquid-state paraffin wax oil, mineral oil, palm oil and waste cooking oil.

LIGHT GAS SEPARATION FROM HYDROCARBONS FOR VARIABLE COMPOSITION FEED STREAMS

The invention is a process and apparatus for separating the components of a multi-component gas stream comprising light and heavier volatility components with a variable composition. The process includes contacting the multi-component gas stream with a lean solvent in an absorber to produce a light component overhead stream and a rich solvent bottoms stream, flashing the rich solvent bottoms stream in at least a first, second and third reduced constant pressure of sequentially lower pressure wherein the released gas is compressed and a part is routed back to the absorber bottoms as stripping gas and a part is routed as a part of the heavier product stream. In this invention compressed vapor from the first or second reduced constant pressure rich solvent flash vessel is split by flow control between recycle routing to the absorber bottom stage as stripping gas and to the heavier product hydrocarbon stream, depending on the feed gas concentration of light component. The third and any additional ...

FORMULATION AND PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE USING CARBONATES AND BIOCATALYSTS

A formulation and process for capturing CO2 use an absorption mixture containing water, biocatalysts and a carbonate compound. The process includes contacting a CO2- containing gas with the absorption mixture to enable dissolution and transformation of CO2 into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, thereby producing a CO2-depleted gas and an ion-rich solution, followed by subjecting the ion-rich solution to desorption. The biocatalyst improves absorption of the mixture comprising carbonate compounds and the carbonate compound promotes release of the bicarbonate ions from the ion-rich solution during desorption, producing a CO2 gas stream and an ion-depleted solution.

WATER-SAVING LIQUID-GAS PROCESSING SYSTEM BASED ON EQUILIBRIUM MOISTURE OPERATION

A method for treating a process gas with a liquid comprises contacting a process gas (12) with a hygroscopic working fluid (14) in order to remove a constituent from the process gas. A system for treating a process gas with a liquid comprises a hygroscopic working fluid comprising a component adapted to absorb or react with a constituent of a process gas, and a liquid-gas contactor (16) for contacting the working fluid (14) and the process gas (12), wherein the constituent is removed from the process gas within the liquid-gas contactor.

Treatment method for propylene tail gas in production of polypropylene

Process and apparatus for the treatment of gas or vapors by liquids

RECOVERY OF MONOMERS.

L'invention concerne un procédé de récupération d'un ou d'un ou plusieurs monomères à partir d'un flux de gaz (1), comprenant les étapes suivantes : a) une étape d'extraction par mise en contact dans une colonne d'extraction (C1) du flux de gaz (1) avec un solvant d'extraction organique (2), dans laquelle ledit solvant d'extraction (2) absorbe le ou lesdits monomères, un flux liquide (3) comprenant le solvant d'extraction et du ou des monomères étant récupéré en pied de la colonne (C1), un flux de gaz sortant (4) étant récupéré en tête de la colonne (C1), puis b) une étape de récupération du ou desdits monomères, dans laquelle le ou lesdits monomères sont séparés du solvant d'extraction par distillation dans une colonne de récupération (C2), un flux comprenant du ou des monomère(s) concentrés (5) étant récupéré en tête de la colonne (C2), et un flux liquide (2) comprenant le solvant d'extraction étant récupéré en pied de la colonne (C2) puis recyclé en tête de la colonne (C1), le ou les ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING ONE OR MORE COMPONENTS FROM A COMPOSITION

The present invention relates to methods of separating one or more components from a feed composition, methods of desorbing one or more components from an absorbent fluid, as well as systems and apparatus that can carry out the methods. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of separating one or more components from a feed composition including contacting at least some of a first component of a feed composition including the first component with an absorbent fluid, to provide a contacted composition and a used absorbent fluid including at least some of the first component contacted with the absorbent fluid. In some embodiments the absorbent fluid can be an organosilicon fluid including an organosilicon including at least one of a hydroxy group, an ether group, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an acrylamide group, a methacrylamide group, and a polyether group. In some embodiments, during the contacting the feed composition can be contacted to a first side of a ...

ACIDIC GAS ABSORBENT, ACIDIC GAS REMOVAL METHOD AND ACIDIC GAS REMOVAL APPARATUS

The embodiments provide an acidic gas absorbent having low diffusibility, an acidic gas removal method, and an acidic gas removal apparatus. The acidic gas absorbent according to the embodiment comprises: an amine compound having a vapor pressure of 0.001 to 10 Pa at 20° C.; a water-soluble polymer compound having a mass-average molecular weight of 900 to 200000 and not containing a functional group having a pKa value greater than 7 except for hydroxy; and water. 1. An acidic gas absorbent comprising:an amine compound having a vapor pressure of 0.001 to 10 Pa at 20° C.;a water-soluble polymer compound which has a mass-average molecular weight of 900 to 200000 and which does not contain a functional group having a pKa value greater than 7 except for hydroxy; andwater.2. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein said water-soluble polymer compound contains only functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxy claim 1 , oxy claim 1 , carboxy and carboxylato.3. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein said water-soluble polymer compound is a water-soluble vinyl polymer or a water-soluble polysaccharide.4. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein said water-soluble polymer compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of: carboxy vinyl polymer claim 1 , alkali metal salts of carboxy vinyl polymer claim 1 , polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polyvinylpyrrolidone claim 1 , cellulose claim 1 , carboxymethyl cellulose claim 1 , methyl cellulose claim 1 , pectin claim 1 , gum arabic claim 1 , alginic acid claim 1 , and xanthan gum.5. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein said amine compound is an aminoalcohol or a tertiary amine.6. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein said amine compound has a vapor pressure of 0.005 to 5 Pa at 20° C.7. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , which has a viscosity of 10 to 200 mPa·s at 20° C. before brought into contact with an ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR SWEETENING AND LIQUEFYING A GAS STREAM

A process and apparatus for liquefying a gas stream comprising hydrocarbons and sour species is provided in which the sour species are removed in liquefied form as the sweetened gas stream is progressively cooled to liquefaction temperatures. The process involves cooling the gas stream in a manner to produce a cooled gas stream comprising gaseous hydrocarbons and residual sour species. The cooled gas stream is then treated with a cold solvent to deplete the cooled gas stream of residual sour species. The resulting cooled sweetened gas stream is then further cooled to produce liquid hydrocarbons. 1. A process for liquefying a gas stream comprising hydrocarbons and sour species , the process comprising the steps of:a) cooling the gas stream by heat exchange with a first refrigerant stream to a temperature marginally greater than at which solidification of the sour species occurs;b) further cooling the gas stream to a first temperature between about −80° C. to −95° C. at a pressure between about 15 to 25 bar by expanding the gas stream as it is introduced into a vessel to produce a mixture of solid and/or liquid sour species and a cooled gas stream comprising gaseous hydrocarbons and residual sour species;c) separating the solid and/or liquid sour species from the cooled gas stream in the vessel;d) contacting the cooled gas stream with a solvent under temperature conditions close to or at the first temperature to deplete the cooled gas stream of residual sour species, thereby producing a cooled sweetened gas stream; ande) cooling the cooled sweetened gas stream to a second temperature below the methane boiling point by heat exchange with a second refrigerant stream to produce liquid hydrocarbons.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is at or just below the temperature at which the sour species solidifies and/or condenses.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is a temperature at which freezable hydrocarbon ...

Process for controlling the emission of flue gases

Provided is a process for controlling heavy metal (e.g., mercury) emission in SO2-containing flue gas, comprising passing a stream of the flue gas (2) through a wet scrubber (1) where it is brought into contact with a liquid absorbent (8) comprising an ionic liquid, an oxidizer (11) and polar protic organic solvent, wherein the amount of said organic solvent is adjusted such that the SO2 absorption is minimized while operating said wet scrubber at a temperature lower than the normal working temperature that would be used in the absence of said solvent. The process may be preceded by an initial stage where a fluoride-containing liquid is used for reducing the amount of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas stream; the sulfur dioxide can be subsequently desorbed from the fluoride-containing liquid upon the addition of a polar solvent.

Reduction of amine emissions from an aqueous amine carbon dioxide capture system using charged colloidal gas aphrons

The present invention includes a system and process to reduce amine mist emissions (or MEA) from carbon capture systems using colloidal gas aphrons (CGA), and includes a method for separating and recovering an amine solvent (e.g., in the form of entrained droplets/mist and/or fine aerosol particles) from a carbon dioxide scrubbed flue gas stream exiting a carbon capture system (e.g., oil-fired power plants, coal-fired power plants, and/or natural gas combined cycle plants).

HYDROCARBON RECOVERY UNIT WITH RECYCLE LOOP FOR ADSORBENT BED REGENERATION

Method for chemisorptive separation of carbon dioxide from bio- or sewage gas by amine-containing washing solution, comprises introducing bio- or sewage gas in a washing column in contact with washing solution

The method for chemisorptive separation of carbon dioxide from bio- or sewage gas by amine-containing washing solution, comprises introducing bio- or sewage gas in a washing column (K1, K2) in contact with washing solution, separating carbon dioxide from the loaded washing solution in single- or multi steps and recirculating cleaned, regenerated washing solution again into the washing column. The separation of carbon dioxide is carried out in two washing stages, where the first washing stage is preliminary cleaning and the second washing stage is final cleaning. The method for chemisorptive separation of carbon dioxide from bio- or sewage gas by amine-containing washing solution, comprises introducing bio- or sewage gas in a washing column (K1, K2) in contact with washing solution, separating carbon dioxide from the loaded washing solution in single- or multi steps and recirculating cleaned, regenerated washing solution again into the washing column. The separation of carbon dioxide is ...

Compressed Growing Medium

A growing medium includes a bulking agent and a water-retentive polymer blended together and compressed at a volume-to-volume ratio ranging from about 2:1 to about 10:1, being substantially free of a water-soluble binder material.

Methanol Carbonylation System with Multiple Absorber Feed Options

A methanol carbonylation system 10 includes an absorber tower 75 adapted for receiving a vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a scrubber solvent, the absorber tower being coupled to first and second scrubber solvent sources 16, 56 which are capable of supplying different first and second scrubber solvents. A switching system including valves 90, 92, 94, 96, 98 alternatively provides first or second scrubber solvents to the absorber tower and returns the used solvent and sorbed material to the carbonylation system to accommodate different operating modes.

Process for the oxidation of hydrocarbons

A method for oxidizing hydrocarbons, in particular saturated hydrocarbons, for producing peroxides, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and/or diacids is described. Also described, is a method for oxidizing a cycloaliphatic saturated hydrocarbon using molecular oxygen for producing ketones/alcohols, and more precisely for oxidizing cyclohexane into cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone using molecular oxygen.

Recovery method and system for delivering extracted btx from gas streams

A recovery method and a system for delivering extracted benzene, toluene, and xylene from a hydrocarbon gas stream is provided. The method includes introducing a feed stream of a BTX-rich hydrocarbon gas into an absorber. The method further includes combining, in the absorber, the hydrocarbon gas with an aprotic solvent, such that the hydrocarbon gas and the aprotic solvent are thoroughly intermixed so that the BTX is absorbed into the aprotic solvent, resulting in the production of a BTX-rich solvent and a substantially BTX-free gas. The method further includes vaporizing, using a vaporizer, the BTX-rich solvent to produce a vaporized BTX-rich solvent, and separating, using a distiller, the BTX from the vaporized BTX-rich solvent for delivering the extracted BTX from the hydrocarbon gas. The separation of the BTX from the vaporized BTX-rich solvent also produces a BTX-lean solvent that is recycled back into the absorber as the aprotic solvent.

System for the Capture and Release of Acid Gases

In one aspect, the invention provides a method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition, the release of said gas from said composition, and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use, said method comprising performing, in order, the steps of: (a) capturing the at least one acid gas by contacting said at least one gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent; (b) releasing said at least one acid gas by adding at least one protic solvent or agent to said composition; and (c) regenerating the capture composition by partial or complete removal of said added protic solvent or agent from said composition. Optionally, said capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent additionally comprises water or another protic solvent. In another aspect, the invention envisages a composition which additionally comprises at least one protic solvent or agent and release of the at least one acid gas is achieved solely by subjecting the composition to the application of heat or stripping with a stream of air. The method is typically applied to the capture and subsequent release of carbon dioxide, and offers a convenient and simple process which uses inexpensive consumables and offers significant advantages over the methods of the prior art. 147-. (canceled)48. A method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition , the release of said gas from said composition , and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use , said method comprising performing , in order , the steps of:(a) capturing the at least one acid gas by contacting said at least one gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid, at least one non-aqueous solvent and optionally at least one protic solvent or agent;(b) releasing said at least one acid gas by subjecting said ...

Aqueous solutions of amine functionalized ionic compounds for carbon capture processes

An aqueous ionic absorbent solution is disclosed containing (a) about 15 wt. % to about 80 wt. % of one or more diluents, based on the total weight of the aqueous ionic absorbent solution; and (b) an ionic absorbent containing a cation and an anion comprising an amine moiety.

Method and Apparatus for Separating One or More Components from a Composition

The present invention relates to methods of separating one or more components from a feed composition, methods of desorbing one or more components from an absorbent fluid, as well as systems and apparatus that can carry out the methods. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of separating one or more components from a feed composition including contacting at least some of a first component of a feed composition including the first component with an absorbent fluid, to provide a contacted composition and a used absorbent fluid including at least some of the first component contacted with the absorbent fluid. In some embodiments the absorbent fluid can be an organosilicon fluid including an organosilicon including at least one of a hydroxy group, an ether group, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an acrylamide group, a methacrylamide group, and a polyether group. In some embodiments, during the contacting the feed composition can be contacted to a first side of a membrane while the absorbent fluid is contacted to a second side of the membrane. In some embodiments, the membrane can be a silicone membrane. 1. A method of separating one or more components from a feed composition , the method comprising:directly contacting at least some of a first component of a feed composition comprising the first component with an absorbent fluid comprising an organosilicon fluid comprising an organosilicon compound comprising at least one of a hydroxy group, an ether group, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an acrylamide group, a methacrylamide group, and a polyether group, to provide a contacted composition and a used absorbent fluid comprising at least some of the first component contacted with the absorbent fluid.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feed composition comprises a second component.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the directly contacting of the first component of the feed composition with the absorbent fluid comprises contacting a ...

Dibasic acid sensor and method for continuously measuring dibasic acid concentration in a substance

A method is provided for measuring a concentration of dibasic acid in a substance in a gas cleaning process, the method comprising the steps of sending a plurality of voltage pulses through the substance by a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first and second electrodes are in contact with the substance, receiving current responses generated by the plurality of voltage pulses, and analyzing the current responses using a multivariate data analysis for calculation of the concentration of dibasic acid in the substance. Also provided is a dibasic acid sensor, control unit and analysing unit for performing such a method.

CLEANING DEVICE FOR GAS FLOWS FROM ISOCYANATE PRODUCTION

The invention relates to a cleaning device for separating an organic isocyanate produced by the reaction of an organic amine with a stoichiometric excess of phosgene in the gas phase from the gaseous raw product obtained in the reaction, said device comprising a first separating body comprising at least one raw product supply line for a gaseous raw product flow containing at least the isocyanate, hydrogen chloride and non-reacted phosgene, a first liquid supply line for a liquid flow containing at least one quench liquid, and a first liquid discharge line for a liquid flow containing at least part of the quench liquid and part of the isocyanate, a first gas line for transporting a gas flow containing at least hydrogen chloride, evaporated quench liquid and phosgene leading away from the first separating body. The invention is characterized in that at least one addition body for directly introducing at least one cooling fluid for an at least partial condensation and/or absorption of the gas flow that can be guided via the first gas line is associated with the first gas line. 1. A cleaning apparatus for separating an organic isocyanate prepared by reacting an organic amine with a stoichiometric excess of phosgene in the gas phase from the gaseous crude product obtained in the reaction , comprising a first separating unit having at leasta crude product inlet for a gaseous crude product stream containing at least the isocyanate, hydrogen chloride and unconverted phosgene,a first liquid inlet for a liquid stream containing at least a quench liquid anda first liquid outlet for a liquid stream containing at least some of the quench liquid and at least some of the isocyanate,wherein a first gas conduit for conveying a gas stream containing at least hydrogen chloride, evaporated quench liquid and phosgene departs from the first separation unit, andwherein at least one addition unit for direct introduction of at least one cooling fluid for an at least partial condensation and ...

Abe fermentation method comprising product absorption through isophoron

The invention relates to a method comprising the following method steps: A) providing an aqueous solution comprising microorganisms producing low-molecular, organic compounds; B) introducing at least one gas or gas mixture into the aqueous solution; C) recovering the gas flow through a compound comprising an isophoron; and optionally D) separating the low-molecular, organic compound from the composition comprising the isophoron.

PROCESS FOR CAPTURING CO2 FROM A CO2-CONTAINING GAS STREAM USING A THERMORESPONSIVE COPOLYMER

A process capturing COfrom a CO-containing gas stream, contacting a CO-containing gas stream with a CO-absorbing agent in an absorption step in a vessel with maximum temperature T resulting in absorption of CO. The COabsorbing agent comprising a polymer dissolved in an aqueous medium, the polymer, a thermoresponsive copolymer, comprising amine monomer distributed through the copolymer, subjecting the CO-containing absorbing agent to a desorption step in a vessel with maximum temperature T, releasing CO, wherein T is below LCST of the thermoresponsive polymer at maximum COloading, and T is above LCST of the thermoresponsive polymer at minimum COloading. COabsorbing agent comprises amine component dissolved in the aqueous medium. Use of the specific polymer dissolved in an aqueous medium at T, wherein amine monomer, distributed through the copolymer with an amine component, improves net COsorption and high absorption speed, allowing a relatively small absorption reactor. 115.-. (canceled)16. A method for capturing COfrom a CO-containing gas stream , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'b': '1', '(a) contacting a CO-containing gas stream with a CO-absorbing agent in an absorption step in a vessel with a maximum temperature T, resulting in absorption of CO, wherein the CO-absorbing agent comprises a polymer and an amine component dissolved in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer is a thermoresponsive copolymer comprising an amine monomer distributed through the copolymer, and the amine component is present in an amount of up to 20 wt. %, and'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'b': '2', '(b) subjecting the CO-containing absorbing agent to a desorption step in a vessel with a maximum temperature T, resulting in the release of CO,'}{'b': 1', '2, 'sub': 2', '2, 'wherein T is below the LCST of the thermoresponsive polymer at maximum COloading, and T is above the LCST of the thermoresponsive polymer at minimum COloading.'}17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the amine component ...

METAL CAPTURE IN A FLUE GAS USING SORBENT INJECTION

The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for: (i) reducing the levels of one or more gas phase selenium compounds and/or one or more other RCRA metals, or RCRA metal compounds (regardless of whether such other RCRA metals or RCRA metal compounds are in the gas phase or some other phase); (ii) capturing, sequestering and/or controlling one or more gas phase selenium compound and/or one or more other RCRA metals, or RCRA metal compounds (regardless of whether such other RCRA metals or RCRA metal compounds are in the gas phase or some other phase) in a flue gas stream and/or in one or more pieces of emission control technology; and/or (iii) capturing, sequestering and/or controlling one or more gas phase selenium compound and/or one or more other RCRA metals, or RCRA metal compounds (regardless of whether such other RCRA metals or RCRA metal compounds are in the gas phase or some other phase) in a flue gas stream prior to desulfurization and/or in one or more pieces of emission control technology prior to one or more desulfurization units, 1. A method for reducing the amount and/or concentration of one or more gas phase selenium compounds , gas phase arsenic compounds and/or gas phase lead compounds in a combustion flue gas stream and/or in one or more pieces of emission control technology in communication with the flue gas stream , the method comprising the steps of:(I) supplying one or more sorbent compounds to one or more injection points in the combustion flue gas stream and/or one or more pieces of emission control technology combustion flue gas stream and/or in one or more pieces of emission control technology in communication with the flue gas stream;(II) injecting the one or more sorbent compounds into the ...

Recovery of monomers

The invention relates to a process for the recovery of one or more monomers from a gas stream ( 1 ), comprising the following stages: within one and the same first extraction column C 1, a) a stage of extraction by bringing the gas stream ( 1 ) into contact, in an extraction column (C 1 ), with an organic extraction solvent ( 2 ), in which the said extraction solvent ( 2 ) absorbs the said monomer or monomers, and b) a stage of stripping or desorption with an inert gas in the extraction column (C 1 ), by feeding, at the bottom of the column (C 1 ) and below the feeding of the gas stream (I) laden with monomers, with a stream of inert gas, preferably molecular nitrogen or a gas stream enriched in molecular nitrogen ( 12 ), a liquid stream ( 3 ) comprising the extraction solvent and the monomer or monomers being recovered at the bottom of the column (C 1 ) and an exiting gas stream ( 4 ) being recovered at the top of the column (C 1 ), then within a second recovery column C 2, c) a stage of recovery of the said monomer or monomers, in which the said monomer or monomers are separated from the extraction solvent by distillation in a recovery column (C 2 ) fed with the liquid stream ( 3 ) recovered at the bottom of the column (C 1 ), a stream comprising concentrated monomer(s) ( 5 ) being recovered at the top of the column (C 2 ) and a liquid stream ( 2 ) comprising the extraction solvent being recovered at the bottom of the column (C 2 ) and then recycled to the top of the column (C 1 ), the monomer or monomers being chosen from dienes, vinylaromatic compounds and isobutene.

SULFUR ENHANCED NITROGEN PRODUCTION FROM EMISSION SCRUBBING

A fertilizer product is produced by a method of removing sulfur from flue gas. The method includes: introducing a flue gas stream to a wet scrubber; contacting the flue gas stream with a liquid nitrogen reagent in the wet scrubber that deposits in a bottom portion of the wet scrubber as a liquid fraction and possibly contacting the liquid fraction from the wet scrubber with an oxidizing gas; discharging reacted liquid nitrogen product from the wet scrubber that contains sulfur removed from the flue gas stream and that comprises a nitrogen and sulfur enriched fertilizer solution; and discharging flue gas exhaust from the wet scrubber. 1. A method of removing sulfur from flue gas , the method comprising:introducing a flue gas stream to a wet scrubber;contacting the flue gas stream with a liquid nitrogen reagent in the wet scrubber that deposits in a bottom portion of the wet scrubber as a liquid fraction;(contacting the liquid fraction from the wet scrubber with an oxidizing gas;circulating liquid nitrogen reagent via sprayers in the wet scrubber to contact the flue gas stream;)discharging reacted liquid nitrogen product from the wet scrubber that contains sulfur removed from the flue gas stream and that comprises a nitrogen and sulfur enriched fertilizer solution; anddischarging flue gas exhaust from the wet scrubber.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid nitrogen reagent comprises a urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution ((NH)2CO+NHNO+HO) and the reacted liquid nitrogen product comprises (NH)2CO+NHNO+HO+SOAqua.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid nitrogen reagent comprises an ammonia reagent (NH+HO) solution and the reacted liquid nitrogen product comprises NH3+H2O+SOAqua.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid nitrogen reagent comprises a calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution ((NH)2CO+NHNO+H2O+CaCOAqua) and the reacted liquid nitrogen product comprises (NH)2CO+NHNO+HO+CaSO(oxidized).5. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

MOISTURE SEPARATION SYSTEM

A moisture removal system for removing moisture from a gas is disclosed including a water absorption vessel with a microemulsion. The system also includes a gas-liquid phase separator in fluid communication with a water absorption vessel gas outlet, a gas outlet for conditioned air in fluid communication with a conditioned space, and a liquid outlet. An optional heat exchanger heats used microemulsion from the water absorption for water desorption in a water desorption vessel. An optional microemulsion regenerator provides thermal regeneration of microemulsion from the water desorption vessel for returning regenerated microemulsion to the water absorption vessel. 1. A moisture separation system , comprisinga water absorption vessel comprising a microemulsion disposed therein, the water absorption vessel further comprising a gas inlet in fluid communication with a gas source of a gas comprising moisture to be removed and a gas outlet; anda gas-liquid phase separator comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the water absorption vessel gas outlet, a gas outlet for dried gas air, and a liquid outlet.2. The system of claim 2 , wherein the phase separator comprises a centrifugal phase separator.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the phase separator comprises a liquid droplet capture medium.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the liquid droplet capture medium comprises a mesh pad with a mesh size of 0.1 μm to 10 μm.5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the liquid droplet capture medium comprises a plurality of mesh pads separated by barrier layers.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the phase separator comprises a liquid micro-droplet coalescing medium.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the liquid micro-droplet coalescing medium comprises a micro-fiber filter medium with a mesh size of 0.1 μm to 10 μm.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein pressure at the gas outlet of the gas-liquid phase separator during operation differs from pressure at the inlet of the gas-liquid phase ...

REMOVAL OF SOUR GASES FROM GAS MIXTURES CONTAINING THEM

There is an absorbent mixture usable for the removal of sour gases from gas mixtures. The mixture has at least one organic base having a pK(in water) less than or equal to 3.2; at least one alcoholic solvent of general formula R(OH)having a boiling temperature above or equal to 100° C. at ambient pressure, wherein R is a linear or branched saturated alkyl group having a number of carbon atoms between 2 and 20 and n is a whole number varying between 1 and 20; an aprotic polar solvent having a dielectric constant E at 25° C. greater than or equal to 30, a viscosity μ at 25° C. less than or equal to 14 cP, preferably less than or equal to 12 cP; and a boiling temperature at normal pressure equal to or above 130° C. There is also a process for the removal of sour gases using the absorbent mixture. 1. Absorbent mixture usable for removal of sour gases from gas mixtures containing them , comprising:{'sub': 'n', '#text': '(A) at least one alcohol of general formula R(OH)having a normal boiling point equal to or above 100° C., wherein R is an alkyl or alkylaromatic group, linear or branched, optionally substituted, having a number of carbon atoms between 2 and 20 and n is a whole number varying between 1 and 20;'}{'sub': 'b', '#text': '(B) at least one organic base having a pKof less than or equal to 3.2;'}(C) an aprotic polar solvent having a dielectric constant E at 25° C. greater than or equal to 30, a viscosity μ at 25° C. less than or equal to 14 cP, and a normal boiling point equal to or above 130° C.2. Absorbent mixture according to claim 1 , wherein the components A) claim 1 , B) and C) are present in the following proportions by weight:B/A comprised between 0.1 and 1.5;C/A comprised between 0.1 and 2.3. Absorbent mixture according to claim 1 , wherein the organic base B) has a pKcomprised between 0.3 and 3.0 and a boiling point above 100° C.4. Absorbent mixture according to claim 1 , wherein the organic base B) is a nitrogenated organic compound comprising from 5 ...

Compressed Absorbing Medium

An absorption medium includes compressed coir particles having been compressed from an uncompressed state at a volume to volume ratio of greater than 3:1, but less than 15:1, and having been ground to a grind size of 1/25 inches to ½ inch. 1. An absorption medium , comprising:compressed coir particles having been compressed from an uncompressed state at a volume to volume ratio of greater than 3:1, but less than 15:1, and having been ground to a grind size of 1/25 inches to ½;wherein the compressed coir particles including coir dust and coir fibers where the coir fibers have a length between ¼ inch and ½ inch.2. The absorption medium of claim 1 , wherein the compressed coir particles have a characteristic of having been compressed with an oil absorbent.3. The absorption medium of claim 2 , wherein the oil absorbent is kenaf.4. The absorption medium of claim 2 , wherein the oil absorbent is perlite claim 2 , cotton claim 2 , diatomaceous earth claim 2 , vermiculite claim 2 , pumice claim 2 , or combinations thereof.5. The absorption medium of claim 1 , wherein the compressed coir particles are admixed with an uncompressed oil absorbent.6. The absorption medium of claim 5 , wherein the uncompressed oil absorbent is kenaf.7. The absorption medium of claim 1 , wherein the compressed coir particles having a characteristic of having been compressed with superabsorbing polymer.8. The absorption medium of claim 1 , wherein the compressed coir particles having a characteristic of having been compressed with spagham peat moss.9. The absorption medium of claim 1 , wherein the compressed coir particles having a characteristic of having been compressed with eating microbes.10. A method of making an absorption medium claim 1 , comprising:compressing coir from an uncompressed state at a volume to volume ratio of greater than 3:1, but less than 15:1; andgrinding the compressed coir into ground coir with to a grind size of 1/25 inches to ½ inch;wherein the ground coir particles ...

Methanol Carbonylation System with Multiple Absorber Feed Options

A methanol carbonylation system includes an absorber tower adapted for receiving a vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a scrubber solvent, the absorber tower being coupled to first and second scrubber solvent sources which are capable of supplying different first and second scrubber solvents. A switching system including valves alternatively provides first or second scrubber solvents to the absorber tower and returns the used solvent and sorbed material to the carbonylation system to accommodate different operating modes. 1. An apparatus for producing acetic acid comprising:(a) a reactor for carbonylating methanol or its reactive derivatives, the reactor containing a catalyst selected from rhodium catalysts, iridium catalysts and mixtures thereof, and a methyl iodide promoter in an acetic acid reaction mixture;(b) a feed system for providing carbon monoxide and methanol or its reactive derivatives to the reactor;(c) a flash system configured to receive a stream of the reaction mixture and separate it into (i) at least a first liquid recycle stream, and (ii) a crude process stream containing acetic acid;(d) a first distillation column coupled to the flash system, the first distillation column being adapted to separate low boiling components including methyl iodide from the crude process stream, and generate a purified process stream,the first distillation column and optionally the reactor and flash system also operating to generate a vent gas stream comprising volatile organic components including methyl iodide;(e) an absorber tower receiving the vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a first or a second scrubber solvent, the first and second scrubber solvents being different solvents, the absorber tower also being coupled to a first scrubber solvent source and a second scrubber solvent source both of which are external to the absorber tower and which are capable of supplying the different first and second scrubber solvents; ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING PARTICULATE WATER-ABSORBING AGENT THAT HAS POLYACRYLIC ACID (SALT)-BASED WATER-ABSORBING RESIN AS MAIN COMPONENT

Provided is a method for producing a particulate water absorbing agent, the method including the steps of: a polymerization step of polymerizing an acrylic acid (salt)-based aqueous monomer solution so as to obtain a crosslinked hydrogel polymer; a drying step of drying the crosslinked hydrogel polymer so as to obtain a dried polymer; a classification step of classifying a polymer subjected to classification so as to obtain a water-absorbing resin powder having a specific particle size; and a surface-crosslinking step of surface-crosslinking the water-absorbing resin powder that is not surface crosslinked, wherein the classification step is carried out at least either or both of before and/or after the surface-crosslinking step but after said drying step, and wherein a hole shape of a classification sieve used in the classification step is an irregular polygonal or non-circular. 1. A method for producing a particulate water absorbing agent containing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin as a main component , the method comprising:a polymerization step of polymerizing an acrylic acid (salt)-based aqueous monomer solution so as to obtain a crosslinked hydrogel polymer;a drying step of drying said crosslinked hydrogel polymer so as to obtain a dried polymer;a classification step of classifying a polymer subjected to classification; anda surface-crosslinking step of surface-crosslinking an unsurface-crosslinked water-absorbing resin powder,wherein the classification step is carried out at least either or both of before and/or after the surface-crosslinking step but after said drying step, andwherein a hole shape of a classification sieve used in the classification step is irregular polygonal or non-circular.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the hole shape of the classification sieve is rectangular or oval.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the classification step is carried out after the surface-crosslinking step.4. The method ...

Combined Direct Contact Exchanger and Indirect-Contact Heat Exchanger

A device and a method for separating a vapor component from a gas is disclosed. A vessel comprising a top portion and a bottom portion is provided. The top portion comprises a gas outlet, a fluid inlet, and a direct-contact heat exchanger. The bottom portion comprises an indirect-contact heat exchanger, a gas inlet manifold, and a fluid outlet manifold. The indirect-contact heat exchanger is aligned vertically and comprises parallel exchange surfaces. Plenums between the exchange surfaces comprise alternating, adjacent ascending gas channels and descending fluid channels. The gas inlet manifold comprises one or more inlets adjacent to a top portion of each of the ascending gas channels. The fluid outlet manifold comprises one or more outlets adjacent to a bottom portion of each of the descending fluid channels. 1. A device for separating a vapor component from a gas comprising:a vessel comprising a top portion and a bottom portion, the top portion comprising a gas outlet, a fluid inlet, and a direct-contact heat exchanger, and the bottom portion comprising an indirect-contact heat exchanger, a gas inlet manifold, and a fluid outlet manifold;the indirect-contact heat exchanger aligned vertically within the vessel and comprising parallel heat exchange surfaces, wherein plenums between the heat exchange surfaces comprise alternating, adjacent ascending gas channels and descending fluid channels; and,the gas inlet manifold comprising one or more inlets adjacent to a bottom portion of each of the ascending gas channels, and the fluid outlet manifold comprising one or more outlets adjacent to a bottom portion of each of the descending fluid channels.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein:a fluid passes through the fluid inlet and descends through the direct-contact exchanger, exchanging heat, material, or heat and material with bubbles of a carrier gas;the carrier gas passes through the gas inlet and upward through the ascending gas channels, exchanging heat with the fluid; ...

PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE USING CARBONATES AND BIOCATALYSTS

A formulation and process for capturing COuse an absorption mixture containing water, biocatalysts and a carbonate compound. The process includes contacting a CO-containing gas with the absorption mixture to enable dissolution and transformation of COinto bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, thereby producing a CO-depleted gas and an ion-rich solution, followed by subjecting the ion-rich solution to desorption. The biocatalyst improves absorption of the mixture comprising carbonate compounds and the carbonate compound promotes release of the bicarbonate ions from the ion-rich solution during desorption, producing a COgas stream and an ion-depleted solution. 1. An enzymatic process for COcapture , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'supplying a COcontaining gas into a lower portion of an absorption unit;'}supplying an absorption solution comprising sodium or potassium carbonate into an upper portion of the absorption unit;{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'counter-currently and directly contacting the COcontaining gas and the absorption solution in the absorption unit in the presence of carbonic anhydrase while operating at an absorption pressure to enable dissolution and biocatalytic transformation of COinto bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, thereby producing a COdepleted gas and an ion-loaded solution;'}removing the ion-loaded solution from the lower portion of the absorption unit;supplying the ion-loaded solution to an upper portion of a desorption unit;{'sub': 2', '2, 'desorbing COfrom the ion-loaded solution in the desorption unit operated at a desorption pressure that is lower than the absorption pressure, to produce desorbed COgas, water vapor, and a regenerated absorption solution;'}removing the regenerated absorption solution from a lower portion of the desorption unit;{'sub': '2', 'removing a gas stream comprising the desorbed COgas and the water vapor from the desorption unit; and'}recycling at least part of the regenerated absorption solution back as at least part of the absorption ...

METHOD FOR TREATING WASTE GAS CONTAINING POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

A process for treating effluent gas containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons includes a step of spray scrubbing with a mineral oil in order to trap the hydrocarbons, wherein the mineral oil includes a mixture of aromatic mineral oil and naphthenic mineral oil. 1. A process for treating effluent gas containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons comprising a step of spray scrubbing with a mineral oil in order to trap said hydrocarbons , wherein the mineral oil comprises a mixture of aromatic mineral oil and naphthenic mineral oil.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mineral oil mixture comprises at least 20% by volume of aromatic mineral oil relative to the total volume of the mixture.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the oil mixture has a viscosity less than or equal to 150 mm/s at 0° C. measured according to the ASTM D445 standard with an Ubbelohde viscometer with capillaries having a diameter of 0.88 mm.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , comprising performing an initiation phase wherein the mineral oil comprises no naphthenic mineral oil and comprises an aromatic mineral oil claim 1 , so as to obtain an aromatic mineral oil loaded with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and having a viscosity of greater than 150 mm/s at 0° C. measured according to the ASTM D445 standard with an Ubbelohde viscometer with capillaries having a diameter of 0.88 mm.5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein naphthenic mineral oil is added to the mineral oil comprising aromatic mineral oil loaded with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons obtained during the initiation phase.6. The process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the naphthenic mineral oil added is in the form of a mixture of naphthenic mineral oil and aromatic mineral oil and wherein the addition is carried out by replacing a portion of the aromatic mineral oil loaded with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with the same proportion by volume of the mixture of naphthenic mineral oil and aromatic mineral ...

A METHOD AND AN APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING CHLORINE GAS FROM A GASEOUS ANODE OUTLET STREAM OF AN ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTOR

The invention relates to a method for separating chlorine from a gaseous anode outlet stream mass flow of an electrochemical cell reactor. In a first aspect, the method makes use of an absorption step, wherein an anode outlet stream mass flow of the electrochemical cell reactor is exposed to an organic solvent being essentially immiscible with water for achieving an exergy-efficient separation of chlorine and hydrogen chloride. In a further aspect, the method makes use of absorption step, wherein the anode outlet stream mass flow is exposed to an ionic liquid, wherein the hydrogen chloride is dissolved in said ionic liquid, thereby forming a gas flow containing essentially chlorine and a solution mass flow comprising the ionic liquid and the hydrogen chloride. The hydrogen chloride is desorbed from the solution mass flow in a desorption step. In another aspect, the method makes use of a distillation step, wherein the anode outlet stream mass flow is separated at a static pressure of at least 2 bar for an exergy-efficient separation. 115-. (canceled)16. A method for separating chlorine from a gaseous anode outlet stream mass flow of an electrochemical cell reactor , said anode outlet stream mass flow essentially comprising chlorine and anhydrous hydrogen chloride , comprising the following steps: a solution mass flow comprising the organic solvent containing the chlorine and a part of the hydrogen chloride, the chlorine and the part of hydrogen chloride being both dissolved in said organic solvent', 'and', 'a gas flow containing essentially hydrogen chloride,, 'a) an absorption step, wherein the anode outlet stream mass flow is exposed to an organic solvent, thereby forming'} an aqueous hydrogen chloride mass flow comprising essentially the water mass flow and hydrogen chloride extracted from said solution', 'and', 'a purified solution mass flow composed of the organic solvent and the chlorine,, 'b) an extraction step, wherein the solution mass flow obtained in a) is ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING ONE OR MORE COMPONENTS FROM A COMPOSITION

The present invention relates to methods of separating one or more components from a feed composition, methods of desorbing one or more components from an absorbent fluid, as well as systems and apparatus that can carry out the methods. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of separating one or more components from a feed composition including contacting at least some of a first component of a feed composition including the first component with an absorbent fluid, to provide a contacted composition and a used absorbent fluid including at least some of the first component contacted with the absorbent fluid. In some embodiments the absorbent fluid can be an organosilicon fluid including an organosilicon including at least one of a hydroxy group, an ether group, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an acrylamide group, a methacrylamide group, and a polyether group. In some embodiments, during the contacting the feed composition can be contacted to a first side of a membrane while the absorbent fluid is contacted to a second side of the membrane. In some embodiments, the membrane can be a silicone membrane. 2. The method of wherein the feed composition comprises a second component.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting of the first component of the feed composition with the absorbent fluid comprises contacting a first side of a membrane with the feed composition while contacting a second side of the membrane with the absorbent fluid to produce a permeate mixture on the second side of the membrane comprising the used absorbent fluid and a retentate mixture on the first side of the membrane comprising the contacted composition.4. The method of wherein the contacting of the first component of the feed composition with the absorbent fluid comprises contacting the feed composition with the absorbent fluid.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the contacting of the first component of the feed composition with the absorbent fluid comprises ...

REDUCTION OF AMINE EMISSIONS FROM AN AQUEOUS AMINE CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE SYSTEM USING CHARGED COLLOIDAL GAS APHRONS

The present invention includes a system and process to reduce amine mist emissions (or MEA) from carbon capture systems using colloidal gas aphrons (CGA), and includes a method for separating and recovering an amine solvent (e.g., in the form of entrained droplets/mist and/or fine aerosol particles) from a carbon dioxide scrubbed flue gas stream exiting a carbon capture system (e.g., oil-fired power plants, coal-fired power plants, and/or natural gas combined cycle plants). 1. A system for removing amine solvents from a carbon capture flue gas comprising:a generator cell comprising a stirrer and a measure of surfactant in a solution to generate colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs);a capture cell comprising a medium and an inlet for CGAs and an outlet for flue gas at a first end of the capture cell and an outlet for CGAs and an inlet for flue gas at a second opposite end of the capture cell; andan eliminator cell with an inlet port to receive CGAs from the outlet for CGAs from the capture cell.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) claim 1 , SDBS (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfate) claim 1 , AOT (sodium bis (2-ethyl hexyl) sulfosuccinate) claim 1 , SLS (sodium lauryl sulfate) claim 1 , potassium oleate claim 1 , Aerosol OT claim 1 , LUX flakes claim 1 , Benzethonium chloride claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the surfactant is selected from sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB).4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the surfactant is SDBS.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the capture cell is maintained at a temperature of between 10-90° C.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the capture cell is maintained at a temperature of between 25-45° C.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is present in the generator cell at a concentration of between 0.1 and 10.0 g/L8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the surfactant is ...

Process for co2 capture using micro-particles comprising biocatalysts

A process for desorbing CO 2 gas from an ion-rich aqueous mixture comprising bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, includes providing micro-particles in the ion-rich aqueous mixture; and feeding the ion-rich aqueous mixture into a desorption reactor; the micro-particles comprising a support material and biocatalysts supported and stabilized by the support material and being sized and provided in a concentration in the desorption reactor such that the micro-particles are carried with the ion-rich aqueous mixture to promote transformation of the bicarbonate and hydrogen ions into CO 2 gas and water, thereby producing a CO 2 gas stream and an ion-depleted solution.

STORAGE MEDIUM AND METHOD FOR SEPARATING, STORING AND TRANSPORTING CHLORINE FROM CHLORINE-CONTAINING GASES

The invention relates to a storage medium and to a method for using a storage medium based on ionic compounds, which can reversibly absorb and store chlorine and chlorine from process gases, and which can release the same again by changing the ambient conditions, wherein the storage medium can be reused for this task after discharge. 118.-. (canceled)19. A storage medium serving as a chlorine store for the reversible absorption of chlorine from chlorine-containing gas , comprising at least one ionic compound of the general formula (I) and/or (II) ,{'br': None, 'sub': m', 'n', 'o', 'r, 'sup': +', '−, 'N—R1R2R3Cl\u2003\u2003(I)'}{'br': None, 'sub': p', 'q', 's, 'sup': +', '−, 'P—R4R5Cl\u2003\u2003(II)'}in which the radicals R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently identical or different alkyl radicals selected from the following group: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and 2-methylpropyl, wherein at least one radical R1, R2 or R3 is different from the respective other radicals R1, R2, and R3 and that the radicals R4 and R5 are different from one another,where m, n, o, p, and q are independently an integer in the series from 0 to 3 and where the sum m+n+o and the sum p+q must result in a value of 4,r and s are independently an odd number from 1 to 7,and where the storage medium is liquid within the working range of loading with chlorine and unloading of chlorine, at a temperature of 25° C. and a pressure of 1000±100 hPa.20. The storage medium as claimed in claim 19 , wherein claim 19 , in the compound of general formula (I) claim 19 , m and n are 1 claim 19 , 2 claim 19 , 3 and o is 0.21. The storage medium as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the ionic compound (I) or (II) is selected from at least one compound of the following series: NEtMeCl claim 19 , NEtMeCl claim 19 , NEtMeCl claim 19 , NBuEtMeCl claim 19 , NMePrCl claim 19 , NBuMeCl claim 19 , PEtMeCl claim 19 , where r and s are independently an odd number from 1 to 7 and r and s are ...

CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORBENT AND APPARATUS OF SEPARATING AND RECOVERING CARBON DIOXIDE

A carbon dioxide absorbent of an embodiment includes a chain amine, a cyclic amine, and an acid. The chain amine is a compound expressed by Formula (1) of FIG. . Rin Formula (1) is hydrogen or an alkyl chain having at least one hydroxyl group and 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Rin Formula (1) is an alkyl chain having at least one hydroxyl group and 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Rin Formula (1) is hydrogen, a straight alkyl chain having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl chain having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl chain having 5 to 7 carbon atoms. 2. The absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein a pH of the carbon dioxide absorbent before absorbing carbon dioxide is 9.5 or more to 10.8 or less.3. The absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the cyclic amine to the acid is 1.0:0.1 or more to 1.0:1.9 or less.5. The absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the acid has pKa of 6.0 or less.6. The absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the acid is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid claim 1 , phosphoric acid claim 1 , sulfuric acid claim 1 , nitric acid claim 1 , hydroiodic acid claim 1 , acetic acid claim 1 , citric acid claim 1 , formic acid claim 1 , gluconic acid claim 1 , lactic acid claim 1 , oxalic acid claim 1 , tartaric acid claim 1 , and an organic acid having a sulfo group.7. The absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the acid includes an organic acid having a sulfo group expressed by Formula (4); an organic acid having a sulfo group expressed by Formula (5); or an organic acid having a sulfo group expressed by Formula (4) and an organic acid having a sulfo group expressed by Formula (5) claim 1 ,{'sup': '10', 'Rin Formula (4) is an organic group including an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an alkyl group and an aryl group, optionally including an amino group, a hydroxyl group, or an amino group and a hydroxyl group, and having a straight chain structure with 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the straight chain or a branched ...

ACIDIC GAS ABSORBENT, ACIDIC GAS REMOVAL METHOD AND ACIDIC GAS REMOVAL APPARATUS

The embodiments provide an acidic gas absorbent, an acidic gas removal method, and an acidic gas removal apparatus. The absorbent absorbs an acidic gas in a large amount and hardly diffuses in air. The acidic gas absorbent according to the embodiment comprises an amine compound having a sulfonyl group and two or more amino groups. 1. An acidic gas absorbent comprising an aliphatic amine compound having a sulfonyl group and two or more amino groups.3. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein said unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms.4. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein said integer represented by n is 1 to 3.6. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , which comprises said aliphatic amine compound in an amount of 3 to 60 wt % provided that the whole amount of the absorbent is regarded as 100 wt %.7. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , which further contains an aminoalcohol or a piperazine derivative.8. The acidic gas absorbent according to claim 1 , further comprises at least one additive agent selected from the group consisting of oxidation inhibitors claim 1 , pH adjusters claim 1 , defoaming agents claim 1 , and anticorrosive agents.9. An acidic gas removal method in which a gas containing an acidic gas is brought into contact with the acidic gas absorbent according to so as to remove the acidic gas from the acidic gas-containing gas.10. An acidic gas removal apparatus comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'an absorption unit in which a gas containing an acidic gas is brought into contact with the acidic gas absorbent according to , so that the absorbent absorbs the acidic gas to remove it from the acidic gas-containing gas; and'}a regeneration unit in which the absorbent holding the acidic gas is made to desorb the acidic gas so as to be regenerated;so that the absorbent regenerated in the regeneration unit is reused in the absorption unit. This ...

LIGHT GAS SEPARATION FROM HYDROCARBONS FOR VARIABLE COMPOSITION FEED STREAMS

The invention is a process and apparatus for separating the components of a multi-component gas stream comprising light and heavier volatility components with a variable composition. The process includes contacting the multi-component gas stream with a lean solvent in an absorber to produce a light component overhead stream and a rich solvent bottoms stream, flashing the rich solvent bottoms stream in at least a first, second and third reduced constant pressure of sequentially lower pressure wherein the released gas is compressed and a part is routed back to the absorber bottoms as stripping gas and a part is routed as a part of the heavier product stream. In this invention compressed vapor from the first or second reduced constant pressure rich solvent flash vessel is split by flow control between recycle routing to the absorber bottom stage as stripping gas and to the heavier product hydrocarbon stream, depending on the feed gas concentration of light component. The third and any additional flash vessels at sequentially lower pressure produce flash gas that is the remainder of the produced hydrocarbon product stream. The lean solvent remaining after the lowest pressure flash is routed back to the top of the absorber. 1. (canceled)2. A system comprising:an absorber in which a multi-component feed gas stream is contacted with a lean solvent to produce a light overhead stream and a rich solvent bottoms stream;a first flash vessel at a first constant pressure which receives the rich solvent bottoms stream to produce a vapor and a remaining rich solvent;a flow control which controls a split of the vapor from the first flash vessel between a bottoms stage of the absorber and a produced hydrocarbon product stream;a second flash vessel at a second constant pressure which receives the remaining rich solvent from the first flash vessel and produces a second vapor and a second remaining rich solvent;one or more second flow controls which control a split of the vapor from the ...

REMOVAL OF MERCURY IN A GAS DEHYDRATION PROCESS USING THERMALLY STABLE CHEMICAL ADDITIVES

The present invention is directed to the removal of mercury in a gas dehydration process using thermally table chemical additives. 1. A process for removal of mercury in a gas dehydration system comprising (a) adding a complexing agent to a recirculated glycol solvent as part of the glycol solution feed to the dehydration liquid contactor and recirculating continuously with the glycol solvent , (b) selectively reacting the complexing agent with mercury in the wet natural gas to remove the mercury from the dry natural gas product , (c) and feeding the rich glycol with the complexing agent to a regenerator and continuously regenerating.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the overhead of the regenerator containing water and mercury vapor is contacted with an adsorbent that captures mercury.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon claim 2 , alumina claim 2 , silica claim 2 , zeolite or supported metal.4. A process for removal of mercury in a gas dehydration system comprising (a) adding a complexing agent continuously prior to a liquid contactor claim 2 , wherein inside the liquid contactor claim 2 , the complexing agent dissolved in the lean glycol solvent selectively reacts with the mercury in the natural gas claim 2 , producing a rich glycol solvent containing mercury claim 2 , (b) and the rich glycol solvent is then sent to an adsorber where mercury and the complexing agent are removed using an adsorbent.5. The process of wherein the adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon claim 4 , ion-exchange resin claim 4 , alumina claim 4 , silica claim 4 , zeolite or supported metal.6. The process of wherein the rich glycol with reduced complexing agent and no mercury is fed to a regenerator to remove water in the overhead and regenerate the glycol solvent.7. The process of wherein A filter aid is then added after the liquid contactor claim 4 , but prior to the expansion valve.8. The ...

Radon Removal From Gas

Radon is removed from a gas in an apparatus comprising: (a) a liquid-contacting apparatus having a shielded reservoir containing a fresh working liquid in which radon is soluble; and (b) a means for causing a stream of gas containing radon to pass through the liquid-contacting apparatus. When the radon level in the working liquid reaches a certain level, the working liquid is either taken out of service and stored until the radon level is reduced or the working liquid is diluted with additional working liquid having no radon. 1. An apparatus for removing radon from a gas , the apparatus comprising:(a) a liquid-gas contacting enclosure having a shielded reservoir containing a working liquid in which radon is soluble; and(b) a means for causing a stream of gas containing radon to pass through the liquid-gas contacting enclosure.2. The apparatus of additionally comprising:(c) a second shielded reservoir containing a working liquid in which radon is soluble, the second reservoir being adapted to replace the first reservoir before the level of radon and radon decay progeny in the working liquid in the first reservoir rises to a level making the working liquid in the first reservoir a low-level radioactive waste.3. The apparatus of wherein the liquid-gas contacting enclosure has a gas inlet and a gas outlet claim 1 , each of which includes a means for automatically capping.4. The apparatus of wherein the enclosure comprises a perforated pipe or plate through which the radon containing gas flows and wherein the perforated pipe or plate is submerged in the working fluid.5. The apparatus of wherein the shielded reservoir is located underground and outside in close proximity to a building and wherein a first gas duct carries radon containing air from the building interior to the reservoir and a second gas duct carries radon depleted air from the reservoir back to the building interior.6. A method for removing radon from a gas claim 1 , the method comprising:(a) providing a ...

Method for producing acetic acid

Provided is a method for producing acetic acid, which includes an absorption step that suppresses corrosion inside a distillation column when a solution after that has absorbed a target component is subjected to distillation. The method for producing acetic acid according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an absorption step of supplying, to an absorption column, at least a portion of offgas generated in an acetic acid production process, bringing the offgas into contact with an absorbent containing one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon, an ester of a carboxylic acid having 3 or more carbon atoms, an ester of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol having 2 or more carbon atoms, and an ether, to allow the absorbent to absorb an iodine compound in the offgas, and separating into a gas component having a lower iodine compound concentration than the offgas and a solution containing the absorbent and the iodine compound.

REMOVAL OF SULFATE FROM SOLVENT SOLUTIONS USING AN ANION EXCHANGE RESIN

Generally, the present invention relates to the selective removal of divalent sulfur oxyanions (e.g., sulfate) from an aqueous solvent using an anion exchange resin. More particularly, this invention relates to regenerative processes for the selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from a source gas using an aqueous absorption medium in which an anion exchange resin is used to selectively remove divalent sulfur oxyanion impurities accumulating in the recirculating aqueous absorption medium. 1. A process for selectively removing and recovering sulfur dioxide from a sulfur dioxide-containing source gas , the process comprising:contacting a feed gas stream comprising the source gas in a sulfur dioxide absorber with a buffered aqueous absorption medium comprising a salt of a polyprotic carboxylic acid, thereby absorbing sulfur dioxide from the feed gas stream into the absorption medium and producing an exhaust gas from which sulfur dioxide has been removed and a sulfur dioxide-enriched absorption liquor comprising aqueous absorption medium and sulfur dioxide absorbed therein;heating the sulfur dioxide-enriched absorption liquor in an absorption liquor stripper to desorb sulfur dioxide from the sulfur dioxide-enriched absorption liquor and thereby produce a regenerated aqueous absorption medium and a sulfur dioxide-enriched stripper gas;recirculating regenerated aqueous absorption medium to the sulfur dioxide absorber for further absorption of sulfur dioxide from further flow of the feed gas stream, wherein divalent sulfur oxyanion impurities accumulate in the aqueous absorption medium recirculated between the absorption liquor stripper and the sulfur dioxide absorber; andcontacting an anion exchange feed stream comprising at least a portion of the aqueous absorption medium recirculated between the absorption liquor stripper and the sulfur dioxide absorber with an anion exchange resin, thereby selectively removing divalent sulfur oxyanion impurities from the ...

COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF FOR THE REMOVAL OF ACID GASES FROM HYDROCARBON FLUID STREAMS

Disclosed is a solvent composition and use thereof for removal of one or more acid gas from a fluid stream comprising: i) a physical solvent, ii) an alkali metal organoborate, where Rand Rmay be the same or different and are independently an alkylene group comprising 2 to 6 carbons, Rand Rmay be the same or different and are independently H or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 18 carbons, and Z is an alkali metal ion; and iii) optionally an amine compound. 2. The solvent composition of wherein the physical solvent is a dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol (DMPEG) claim 1 , propylene carbonate (PC) claim 1 , N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) claim 1 , methanol (MeOH) claim 1 , blends of N-acetylmorpholine and N-formylmorpholine claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3-dimethyl-3 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,5 claim 1 ,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone (DMTP) claim 1 , methoxytriglycol (MTG) claim 1 , or blends thereof.4. The solvent composition of wherein the alkali metal organoborate is sodium ethylene glycol borate claim 1 , potassium ethylene glycol borate claim 1 , sodium diethylene glycol borate claim 1 , potassium diethylene glycol borate claim 1 , sodium 1 claim 1 ,2-propanediol borate claim 1 , potassium 1 claim 1 ,2-propanediol borate claim 1 , sodium 2 claim 1 ,3-butanediol borate claim 1 , potassium 2 claim 1 ,3-butanediol borate claim 1 , sodium 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol borate claim 1 , potassium 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol borate claim 1 , sodium 1 claim 1 ,2-hexanediol borate claim 1 , potassium 1 claim 1 ,2-hexanediol borate claim 1 , sodium triethylene glycol borate claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.5. The solvent composition of further comprising iii) an amino compound.6. The solvent composition of wherein iii) the amino compound is selected from monoethanolamine claim 5 , methylethanolamine claim 5 , monoisopropanolamine claim 5 , diisopropanolamine claim 5 , 2-hydroxyethylpiperazine claim 5 , piperazine claim 5 , 1-methylpiperazine claim 5 , 2-methylpiperazine claim 5 , ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING OFFGASES IN A ACETIC ACID PRODUCTION UNIT

A method for scrubbing off-gas generated in production units for the manufacture of acetic acid and an apparatus therefor. The method comprises supplying off-gas and acetic acid solvent at a tick-over flow rate to an acetic acid scrubbing unit, withdrawing off-gas from the scrubbing unit, supplying withdrawn off-gas to a methanol scrubbing unit, scrubbing the off-gas therein with methanol solvent and withdrawing scrubbed off-gas from the methanol scrubbing unit. 116-. (canceled)17. A method of operating an off-gas scrubbing system in an acetic acid production unit which generates off-gas comprising methyl iodide , said production unit comprising a reactor , a light ends recovery section comprising a light ends column , an acetic acid scrubbing unit and a methanol scrubbing unit which method comprises:(i) supplying off-gas and acetic acid to the acetic acid scrubbing unit and withdrawing off-gas therefrom;(ii) supplying withdrawn off-gas and methanol to the methanol scrubbing unit and contacting the off-gas and methanol therein to produce scrubbed off-gas; and(iii) withdrawing from the methanol scrubbing unit scrubbed off-gas;wherein the acetic acid is supplied to the acetic acid scrubbing unit at a tick-over flow rate.18. A method according to claim 17 , wherein scrubbed off-gas withdrawn from the methanol scrubbing unit or at least a portion thereof is passed directly or indirectly to a combustion system used for providing heat to one or more process operations of the production unit.19. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the acetic acid supplied to the acetic acid scrubbing unit is all or part of an acetic acid stream removed as an overhead from a heavy ends column.20. A method according to claim 17 , wherein there is introduced into the methanol scrubbing unit an additional supply of methanol claim 17 , which additional methanol supply is introduced into a lower portion of the methanol scrubbing unit.21. A method according to claim 20 , wherein the ...

EMISSIONS CONTROL OF SPENT AIR FROM CUMENE OXIDATION

Methods and systems for removing volatile organic compounds from spent air are provided. The method can include oxidizing cumene in the presence of an oxidant to produce an oxidized product containing methanol and a spent air, separating the spent air from the oxidized product, contacting the spent air with an absorbent, an adsorbent, or a mixture thereof to remove at least a portion of any impurities in the spent air to produce a first purified air, and contacting the first purified air with a biological material to produce a treated air. 1. A method for purifying spent air , comprising:oxidizing cumene in the presence of an oxidant to produce an oxidized product comprising methanol and a spent air;separating the spent air from the oxidized product;contacting the spent air with an absorbent, an adsorbent, or a mixture thereof to remove at least a portion of any impurities in the spent air to produce a first purified air; andcontacting the first purified air with a biological material to produce a treated air; wherein no supplemental water is injected into the spent air prior to the spent air being cooled.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treated air contains less than 1 ppmw volatile organic compounds claim 1 , and further comprising:cooling the spent air after separating the spent air from the oxidized product; andseparating water from the cooled spent air.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant comprises air claim 1 , oxygen claim 1 , oxygen-enriched air claim 1 , or combination thereof and wherein the spent air comprises molecular oxygen claim 1 , nitrogen claim 1 , water claim 1 , methyl hydrogen peroxide claim 1 , formic acid claim 1 , benzene claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , and cumene.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating water from the spent air prior to contacting the spent air with the absorbent claim 1 , the adsorbent claim 1 , or the mixture thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent comprises at least one bed of ...

CHEMICAL SEQUESTERING OF CO2, NOx and SO2

The disclosure provides seven integrated methods for the chemical sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO) (collectively NOR, where x=1, 2) and sulfur dioxide (SO) using closed loop technology. The methods recycle process reagents and mass balance consumable reagents that can be made using electrochemical separation of sodium chloride (NaCl) or potassium chloride (KCl). The technology applies to marine and terrestrial exhaust gas sources for CO, NOx and SO. The integrated technology combines compatible and green processes that capture and/or convert CO, NOx and SOinto compounds that enhance the environment, many with commercial value. 1. A method of chemically sequestering carbon dioxide (CO) by a loop sequence , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a) providing a mixture of CO, lithium hydroxide (LiOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH) and water (HO) in one or more reaction chambers;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '2, 'b) reacting COwith LiOH to generate lithium carbonate (LiCO) and water (HO) in the mixture;'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3, 'c) reacting LiCOwith NaOH or KOH to generate LiOH, and sodium carbonate (NaCO) or potassium carbonate (KCO) in the mixture;'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '2', '3', '3, 'd) reacting NaCOor KCOwith COand HO to generate sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) or potassium bicarbonate (KHCO) in the mixture;'}{'sub': 3', '3', '3', '3, 'e) adding an alcohol solvent to the mixture, forcing the generated NaHCOor KHCOto precipitate, and removing the precipitated NaHCOor KHCOfrom the solution;'}f) removing the alcohol solvent from the mixture;{'sub': '2', 'g) optionally adding NaOH or KOH, and/or HO to the mixture; and'}{'sub': '2', 'h) adding COto the mixture in the one or more reaction chambers and reacting the mixture according to step b to complete the loop sequence.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol solvent is tert-butanol or methanol.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein COis ...

Process for purifying gaseous mixtures containing acidic gases

A process is disclosed for purifying a gaseous mixture containing acidic gases, such as a natural gas, including contacting the gaseous mixture with an absorbent solution including: from 35% to 45% by weight of at least one tertiary amine relative to the total weight of the absorbent solution; from 4% to 12% by weight of at least one activator relative to the total weight of the absorbent solution selected from the primary amines and the secondary amines, the total content of tertiary amine and activator being from 38% to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the absorbent solution, and the total concentration of tertiary amine and activator being between 3.8 and 4.2 mol/L; from 17% to 25% by weight of at least one C 2 to C 4 thioalkanol relative to the total weight of the absorbent solution; and the remainder being water to reach 100% by weight.

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE COMBINATION PRODUCTION OF A MIXTURE OF HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN AND ALSO OF CARBON MONOXIDE BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION AND CRYOGENIC SCRUBBING

Process for the combined production of a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen, and of carbon monoxide by cryogenic distillation and cryogenic scrubbing, wherein a methane-rich liquid is introduced at a first intermediate level of a scrubbing column as first scrubbing liquid and at least one nitrogen-rich liquid is introduced at a level higher than the first level of the scrubbing column as second scrubbing liquid and a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen is drawn off as overhead gas from the scrubbing column. 110-. (canceled)11. A process for the combined production of a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen , of carbon monoxide by cryogenic distillation and cryogenic scrubbing , wherein the process comprises the steps of:i) cooling, in a heat exchanger, a gas mixture containing at least hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane;ii) sending the cooled mixture to a scrubbing column;iii) introducing a methane-rich liquid at a first intermediate level of the scrubbing column as a first scrubbing liquid;iv) introducing at least one nitrogen-rich liquid at a level higher than the first level of the scrubbing column as a second scrubbing liquid;v) withdrawing a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen as an overhead gas from the scrubbing column;vi) withdrawing a first bottoms liquid from the scrubbing column and then sending said first bottoms liquid to a stripping column;vii) withdrawing a liquid that is level with an intermediate section of the scrubbing column and sending said liquid either to the heat exchanger, or to a stripping column overhead gas line, or to a second stripping column;viii) withdrawing a second bottoms liquid from the stripping column and then sending to a column configured to separate carbon monoxide and methane; andix) withdrawing a fluid rich in carbon monoxide from the separating column;x) withdrawing a third bottoms liquid from the separating column, wherein at least one portion of the third bottoms liquid from the separating column constitutes the methane-rich ...

CUCURBITURIL-POLYETHYLENIMINE-SILICA COMPLEX, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORBENT COMPRISING SAME

The present disclosure relates to a cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex, a method for preparing the same and a carbon dioxide absorbent containing the same. According to the present disclosure, a cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex may be prepared by forming a complex wherein a cucurbituril is bound to polyethylenimine and including the same inside silica, and it may be used as a carbon dioxide absorbent with superior thermal stability and prevented formation of urea. 2. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 1 , wherein the cucurbituril represented by Chemical Formula 1 is cucurbit[6]uril claim 1 , wherein n is 6 claim 1 , each of Aand Ais independently H claim 1 , and X is O.3. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 1 , wherein the polyethylenimine has a molecular weight of 100-50000.4. A cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex comprising a silica and the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 1 , which is included inside the silica.5. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex according to claim 4 , wherein the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex has a BET specific surface area of 1-500 m/g.6. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex according to claim 4 , whereinthe cucurbituril is cucurbit[6]uril,the polyethylenimine has a molecular weight of 500-12000, and{'sup': '2', 'the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex has a BET specific surface area of 20-60 m/g.'}7. A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to .8. A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex according to .10. The method for preparing a cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 9 , the solvent is one or more selected from methanol claim 9 , ethanol claim 9 , water claim 9 , dimethylformamide claim 9 , diethylformamide claim 9 , N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone claim 9 , dimethyl sulfoxide and ...

VARIANTS OF THERMOVIBRIO AMMONIFICANS CARBONIC ANHYDRASE AND CO2 CAPTURE METHODS USING THERMOVIBRIO AMMONIFICANS CARBONIC ANHYDRASE VARIANTS

The present description relates to recombinant or engineered carbonic anhydrase polypeptides, variants, and functional derivatives thereof, having improved properties that make them advantageous for use in COcapture operations (e.g., COcapture solvents, alkaline pH, and/or elevated temperatures), as well as polynucleotides and vectors encoding same. The present description also relates to methods, processes and systems for COcapture which make use of the recombinant or engineered carbonic anhydrase polypeptides, variants, and functional derivatives thereof. 189-. (canceled)90. A recombinant carbonic anhydrase polypeptide having carbonic anhydrase activity comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 85% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7 , and one or more differences as compared to SEQ ID NO: 7 at residue positions selected from 2 , 5 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 52 , 73 , 77 , 116 , 125 , 126 , 131 , 138 , 156 , 190 , 193 , and 206.91. The recombinant polypeptide of claim 90 , wherein said amino acid difference is at a position corresponding to position 2 claim 90 , 5 claim 90 , 7 claim 90 , 8 claim 90 , 9 claim 90 , 12 claim 90 , 13 claim 90 , 16 claim 90 , 17 claim 90 , 18 claim 90 , 19 claim 90 , 21 claim 90 , 22 claim 90 , or any combination thereof claim 90 , of SEQ ID NO: 7.92. The recombinant carbonic anhydrase polypeptide of claim 90 , comprising one or more amino acid differences as compared to SEQ ID NO: 7 selected from: 2Q or 2V; 5C or 5R; 7C claim 90 , 7F claim 90 , or 7H; 8C or 8R; 9C claim 90 , 9P or 9N; 12D claim 90 , 12R or 12V; G13Q; 16C claim 90 , 16G claim 90 , or 16R; 17C; 18V; 19S; 21L claim 90 , 21D claim 90 , 21N claim 90 , 21Q claim 90 , 21V claim 90 , or 21G; 22K claim 90 , 22L claim 90 , 22P claim 90 , or 22N; 521; 73C; 77D; 116N; 125A; 126L; 131I; 138N or 138R; 156E; 190C or 190M; 193S; and 206T.93. The recombinant carbonic anhydrase polypeptide of comprising two or more amino acid differences as compared to SEQ ID NO: ...

PROCESS FOR SEPARATING AN ORGANIC ISOCYANATE

Provided is a process for separating an organic isocyanate prepared by reacting an organic amine with a stoichiometric excess of phosgene in the gas phase from the gaseous crude product obtained in the reaction, the process comprising the steps of (i) at least partially condensing the crude product stream containing at least the isocyanate, hydrogen chloride and unconverted phosgene by contacting with at least one liquid stream containing at least one quench liquid in a first separation apparatus to obtain a liquid stream containing at least some of the quench liquid and some of the isocyanate and a gas stream containing at least hydrogen chloride, evaporated quench liquid and phosgene, (ii) discharging the liquid stream obtained in step (i) via a first liquid outlet and of the gas stream obtained in (i) via a first gas conduit and (iii) at least partially condensing and/or absorbing the gas stream discharged in step (ii) through the first gas conduit, wherein that the at least partial condensation and/or absorption is effected in step (iii) by direct introduction of at least one cooling fluid, wherein the cooling fluid is introduced directly into the first gas conduit via at least one addition unit assigned to the first gas conduit. 18-. (canceled)10. The process as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the weight ratio of the cooling fluid introduced to the gas stream conducted through the first gas conduit is 1:100 to 10:1.11. The process as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the cooling fluid is selected to correspond to the solvent used as quench liquid in step (i).12. The process as claimed claim 9 , further including the steps of(iv) separating the gas stream from the first gas conduit in a second separation unit into a liquid stream and a gas stream and(v) recycling the liquid stream obtained in step (iv) as quench liquid via a second liquid conduit into the first separation unit.13. The process as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the cooling fluid is selected from the group ...

REGENERABLE SOLVENT MIXTURES FOR ACID-GAS SEPARATION

A solvent system for the removal of acid gases from mixed gas streams is provided. Also provided is a process for removing acid gases from mixed gas streams using the disclosed solvent systems. The solvent systems may be utilized within a gas processing system. 131-. (canceled)32. A solvent system comprising a solution formed of a first nucleophilic amine , in combination with:a) a non-nucleophilic, nitrogenous base and a non-aqueous liquid, wherein the non-nucleophilic, nitrogenous base and non-aqueous liquid react to form a mixed carbamate salt, a carbonate ester or a heteroatom analogue of a carbonate ester; orb) one or more non-nucleophilic, nitrogenous bases, wherein the solvent system reacts with an acidic gas so as to form a carbamate, a mixed carbamate, a sulfamic acid, a sulfate salt, or a combination thereof.33. The solvent system of claim 32 , wherein the first nucleophilic amine is hydrophobic.34. The solvent system of claim 32 , wherein the non-nucleophilic claim 32 , nitrogenous base is hydrophobic or substantially immiscible with water.35. The solvent system claim 32 , wherein the solvent system is substantially immiscible with water.36. The solvent system of claim 32 , wherein the solvent system has a solubility with water of less than about 20 g of solvent per 100 mL of water.37. The solvent system of claim 32 , wherein the acidic gas comprises CO claim 32 , SO claim 32 , COS claim 32 , CS claim 32 , NO claim 32 , or a combination thereof.38. The solvent system of claim 32 , wherein the acidic gas comprises COor SO.39. The solvent system of claim 32 ,wherein the first nucleophilic amine is in combination with a), andwherein the first nucleophilic amine is selected from the group consisting of 3-fluoro-N-methylbenzylamine, 4-fluoro-N-methylbenzylamine, 2-fluorophenethylamine, 3-fluorophenethylamine, 4-fluorophenethylamine, and mixtures thereof.40. The solvent system of claim 32 ,wherein the first nucleophilic amine is in combination with a), ...

METHODS, PRODUCTS & USES RELATING TO SCAVENGING OF ACIDIC SULFIDE SPECIES

The use of the combination of (a) an imine compound and (b) a compound including a soft electrophilic centre to scavenge and retain acidic sulfide species at a higher temperature and/or scavenge acidic sulfide species at an increased rate compared to that achieved using the imine compound alone. 1. (canceled)2. A method of scavenging an acidic sulfide species from an industrial or environmental material , the method comprising contacting the material with:(a) an imine compound; and(b) a compound including a soft electrophilic centre.3. A product for scavenging acid sulfide species , the product comprising:(a) an imine compound; and(b) a compound including a soft electrophilic centre.7. The method according to wherein component (a) comprises an imine compound selected from one or more of a compound of formula (III) claim 2 , the compound of formula (V) and tert-octylimine.8. The method according to wherein component (b) comprises a compound including a soft electrophilic centre selected from halogenated compounds including an electron deficient carbon atom claim 2 , bromo-compounds claim 2 , iodo-compounds claim 2 , chloro-compounds claim 2 , silanes and α claim 2 , β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds or a reactive equivalent thereof.9. The method according to wherein component (b) comprises a compound including a soft electrophilic centre selected from bromo-compounds claim 2 , iodo-compounds claim 2 , silanes and α claim 2 , β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds or a reactive equivalent thereof.10. The method according to wherein component (b) comprises a compound including a soft electrophilic centre selected from propenal claim 2 , maleimide claim 2 , N-butyl maleimide claim 2 , bis(chloromethyl)dimethyl silane claim 2 , 2-iodo-1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,2 claim 2 ,3 claim 2 ,3 claim 2 ,3-heptafluoropropane claim 2 , maleic anhydride and 2-vinyl-1 claim 2 ,3-dioxolane.11. The method according to wherein component (b) comprises a compound including a soft ...

C1-C8 Carboxylic Acid Salt Solution for the Absorption of CO2

The invention provides a method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition, the release of said gas from said composition and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use. The method comprises the step of capturing an acid gas by contacting said acid gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid dissolved in a solvent system consisting substantially of water. 117-. (canceled)18. A method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition , said method comprising: wherein the solvent system is a mixture of liquids in which the carboxylic acid salt is dissolved,', 'wherein said salt of a carboxylic acid is an alkylammonium salt, an arylammonium salt, a choline salt, or a guanidinium salt,', 'wherein said capture composition comprises no more than 1% of amino acids or salts of amino acids., 'a. capturing an acid gas by contacting said acid gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid dissolved in a solvent system to form a loaded capture composition, wherein said solvent system comprises at least 95% water,'}19. A method of claim 18 , further comprising performing claim 18 , in order claim 18 , the steps of:b. releasing said at least one acid gas by heating the loaded capture composition and/or by subjecting the loaded capture composition to a stream of stripping gas and/or by applying a lower pressure than employed for absorption;c. regenerating the capture composition by cooling and/or increasing the pressure.20. A method as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the at least one salt of a carboxylic acid is a single salt of a carboxylic acid.21. A method as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the single salt is present at a concentration of greater than 4M.22. A method as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the single salt is present at a concentration of greater than 6M.23. A method as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the single salt is a salt of a C-C-aliphatic carboxylic acid claim ...

CONFIGURATIONS AND METHODS OF FLEXIBLE CO2 REMOVAL

A plant includes a pretreatment unit for H2S removal and air dehydration, and at least two absorbers that receive a feed gas at a pressure of at least 300 psig with variable CO2 content (e.g., between 5 to 60 mol %), wherein the feed gas is scrubbed in the absorbers with an ultralean and a semi-lean physical solvent, respectively, at low temperatures to at least partially remove the CO2 from the feed gas. Such configurations produces a low CO2 dry treated gas and a H2S-free CO2 for sequestration while advantageously providing cooling by expansion of the rich solvent that cools the semi-lean solvent and the feed gas, wherein an ultralean solvent is produced by stripping using dry air. 1. A method of treating a hydrocarbonaceous feed gas that contains H2S and CO2 , the method comprising the steps of:selectively removing H2S from the feed gas to produce an H2S depleted feed gas, and using a first and a second absorber to remove CO2 from the H2S depleted feed gas using a semi-lean and an ultralean solvent, respectively, thereby producing a product gas and a rich solvent;reducing pressure of the rich solvent to generate work, a cooled flashed solvent, a CO2 stream, and refrigeration, and using the cooled flashed solvent to cool the H2S depleted feed gas and the semi-lean solvent; andstripping the flashed solvent with dried air to thereby produce the ultralean solvent, and combining a portion of the ultralean solvent with the H2S depleted feed gas.2. The method of wherein the hydrocarbonaceous feed gas has a pressure of at least 300 psig and comprises at least 5 mol % CO2.3. The method of wherein the first and a second absorbers are configured into a single column having a first and second absorber section.4. The method of wherein the solvent is a physical solvent selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate claim 1 , tributyl phosphate claim 1 , normal methylpyrrolidone claim 1 , a dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol claim 1 , and a polyethylene glycol ...

An apparatus for gas cleaning

The invention proposes an apparatus for gas cleaning having a high gas cleaning efficiency at any relative humidity. The apparatus comprises a passage ( 10 ) for gas flow; a hydrophilic carrier ( 12 ) permeable for gas flow, at least part of which is positioned within said passage for gas flow, and configured for containing a reagent that contacts the gas in said passage for gas flow; a unit ( 14 ) for disposing liquid to said carrier; and a controller ( 16 ), associated with said unit for disposing liquid, configured for controlling the unit for disposing to dispose an aqueous solution of dissolved reagent to the carrier; and after that controlling the unit for disposing to dispose liquid in case the humidity of the gas is below a first humidity threshold, or to stop disposing liquid in case the humidity of the gas is above a second humidity threshold.

Method of enhancing removal of gaseous contaminants from a feedstream in a treatment chamber having liquid medium

Contaminants, such as volatile organic compounds and hydrogen sulfide, may be removed from a gaseous feedstream by introducing the gaseous feedstream into a treatment chamber containing a liquid medium comprising a hydrogen sulfide or mercaptan scavenger or a blend comprising (i) an absorbent and (ii) a glycol ether and/or C 6 -C 18 alcohol, wherein the glycol ether and/or alcohol enhances the solubility of the contaminant in the absorbent.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF A FLUE GAS

A method for treatment of a flue gas involves feeding the flue gas and a lean solvent to an absorber. The method further involves reacting the flue gas with the lean solvent within the absorber to generate a clean flue gas and a rich solvent. The method also involves feeding the clean flue gas from the absorber and water from a source, to a wash tower to separate a stripped portion of the lean solvent from the clean flue gas to generate a washed clean flue gas and a mixture of the water and the stripped portion of the lean solvent. The method further involves treating at least a portion of the mixture of the water and the stripped portion of the lean solvent via a separation system to separate the water from the stripped portion of the lean solvent. 1. A method for treatment of a flue gas , the method comprising:feeding the flue gas and a lean solvent to an absorber;reacting the flue gas with the lean solvent within the absorber to generate a clean flue gas and a rich solvent;feeding the clean flue gas from the absorber and water from a source, to a wash tower to separate a stripped portion of the lean solvent from the clean flue gas to generate a washed clean flue gas and a mixture of the water and the stripped portion of the lean solvent; andtreating at least a portion of the mixture of the water and the stripped portion of the lean solvent via a separation system to separate the water from the stripped portion of the lean solvent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lean solvent comprises aminosilicone.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein reacting the flue gas with the lean solvent comprises removing carbon dioxide from the flue gas claim 1 , using the lean solvent.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating at least the portion of the mixture of the water and the stripped portion of the lean solvent via a splitter.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating at least a portion of the mixture of the water and the stripped portion of the lean solvent ...

METHOD FOR PROCESSING A GASEOUS COMPOSITION

A process can treat a gaseous material mixture obtained by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas that contains at least alkenes, possibly alcohols and possibly alkanes, and also possibly nitrogen as inert gas and unconverted components of the synthesis gas, comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide. After catalytic conversion of synthesis gas, separation of the product mixture obtained in this reaction into a gas phase and a liquid phase is performed by at least partial absorption of the alkenes, possibly of the alcohols and possibly of the alkanes, in a high boiling point hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture as an absorption medium, separation as the gas phase of the gases not absorbed into the absorption medium, separating an aqueous phase from the organic phase of the absorption medium, preferably by decanting, and desorption of the alkenes, possibly of the alcohols and possibly of the alkanes, from the absorption medium. 121.-. (canceled)22. A process for treating a gaseous material mixture that has been obtained by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas recovered from smelter gases , CO- or CO-rich gases , hydrogen , or biomass , wherein the gaseous material mixture contains at least alkenes and alcohols , the process comprising:after the catalytic conversion of the synthesis gas, separating a product mixture obtained in the catalytic conversion into a gas phase and a liquid phase by at least partial absorption of the alkenes in a high boiling point hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture as an absorption medium;separating as the gas phase gases not absorbed into the absorption medium; andseparating an aqueous phase from an organic phase of the absorption medium;desorption of the alkenes from the absorption medium,wherein the high boiling point hydrocarbon or the hydrocarbon mixture used as the absorption medium comprises a diesel oil or an alkane with a viscosity of less than 10 mPa·s at an ambient temperature and a boiling point of more than 200° C. ...

Recovery of Hydrogen and Ethylene from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Refinery Off Gas

A method comprising: introducing a refinery off gas stream into an oil absorber wherein the refinery off gas stream comprises H, N, O, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C+; introducing a solvent into the oil absorber; counter-currently contacting the refinery off gas stream and the solvent in the oil absorber; generating an absorber overhead stream comprising H, N, O, and methane; generating an absorber bottoms stream comprising the solvent wherein ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C+ are dissolved in the solvent; introducing the absorber bottoms stream into a solvent regenerator and generating an overhead stream comprising ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C+; and introducing the overhead stream into a C-Csplitter that generates a dilute ethylene product stream and a bottoms product stream, wherein the dilute ethylene product stream comprises ethylene and ethane, and wherein the bottoms product stream comprises propane, propylene, and C+. 1. A method comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '4, 'introducing a refinery off gas stream into an oil absorber wherein the refinery off gas stream comprises H, N, O, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C+;'}introducing a solvent into the oil absorber;counter-currently contacting the refinery off gas stream and the solvent in the oil absorber;{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'generating an absorber overhead stream comprising H, N, O, and methane;'}{'sub': '4', 'generating an absorber bottoms stream comprising the solvent wherein ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C+ are dissolved in the solvent;'}{'sub': '4', 'introducing the absorber bottoms stream into a solvent regenerator and generating an overhead stream comprising ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C+; and'}{'sub': 2', '3', '4, 'introducing the overhead stream into a C-Csplitter that generates a dilute ethylene product stream and a bottoms product stream, wherein the dilute ethylene product stream comprises ethylene and ethane, ...

Process for the removal of contaminants from flue gas streams

A flue gas stream arising from fossil fuel fired sources containing nitrogen oxide contaminants is conveyed through an exhaust duct into a quencher. In the quencher aqueous medium is sprayed into contact with the flue gas stream. The quenched flue gas stream is mixed with ozone distributed at a high velocity in a sub-stoichiometric amount for partial oxidation of NOto form NOand prevent the formation of NO. The flue gas containing NOis absorbed into an acidic medium of a wet scrubber to form nitrous acid. In the scrubber the nitrous acid is mixed with selected compounds of ammonia to decompose the nitrous acid for release of nitrogen. With this process the consumption of ozone and the operating costs associated therewith eliminate the requirement to dispose of nitrate recovered from the scrubber purge stream. 1. A process for removing contaminants from a flue gas stream of an industrial process comprising the steps of:directing a flue gas stream containing nitrogen oxide contaminants from an industrial process at an elevated temperature to an exhaust duct,quenching the flue gas stream from the exhaust duct with an aqueous medium,{'sub': x', '2, 'mixing the quenched flue gas stream with ozone in a sub-stoichiometic amount for partial oxidation of NOin the flue gas to form a mixture of NO and NO,'}injecting the ozone into the flue gas stream at a flow velocity in a range two to three times greater than the flow velocity of the flue gas stream,{'sub': '2', 'absorbing the flue gas stream containing NO and NOinto an acidic medium to form nitrous acid, and'}mixing the nitrous acid with compounds of ammonia to react and release nitrogen.2. A process for removing contaminants from a flue gas stream as set forth in which includes claim 1 ,mixing ozone with the quenched flue gas in a molar ratio up to 0.5 mole of ozone to each mole of NO.3. A process for removing contaminants from a flue gas stream as set forth in which includes claim 1 ,{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '5, 'thoroughly ...

Method Of Separating A Gas Using at Least One Membrane In Contact With An Organosilicon Fluid

The present invention relates to a method of removing a gas from a mixture. The method includes contacting a silicone membrane with a feed mixture including at least a first gas component and contacting a second side of the membrane with an organosilicon sweep liquid, producing a retentate mixture depleted in the first gas component and an organosilicon sweep liquid enriched in the first gas component. The invention also provides methods of removing a gas from a liquid, and methods of regenerating and recycling an organosilicon sweep liquid.

CARBON CAPTURE SOLVENTS AND METHODS FOR USING SUCH SOLVENTS

A solvent for recovery of carbon dioxide from gaseous mixture, having alkanolamine, reactive amines acting as promoter or activators, glycol, and a carbonate buffer. A solvent for recovery of carbon dioxide from gaseous mixture, having alkanolamine, reactive amines acting as promoter or activators, sulfolane, and a carbonate buffer. One specific solvent contains less than about 75% by weight of water and has a single liquid phase. 2. The solvent as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a glycol.3. The solvent as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the glycol is poly ethylene glycol.4. The solvent as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a sulfolane.5. The solvent as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the glycol is selected from the group consisting of monoethylene glycol (EG) claim 2 , Diethylene Glycol (DEG) claim 2 , Triethylene Glycol claim 2 , Tetraethylene Glycol claim 2 , Methoxytriglycol (MTG). Other physical solvent used as a solvent component are Sulfolane claim 2 , N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP).6. The solvent as claimed in or claim 2 , the solvent is 4less than about 30% by weight of water.7. The solvent as claimed in or claim 2 , wherein the carbonate buffer is a potassium carbonate buffer.8. The solvent as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the promoter is 2% and 30% wt percent.10. The solvent as claimed in or claim 1 , wherein the alkanolamine is selected from group comprising N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) claim 1 , 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol claim 1 , Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) claim 1 , 2-amino-2methyl-1-proponal (AMP) claim 1 , 2-(ethyamino)-ethanol (EAE) claim 1 , 2-(methylamino)-ethanol (MAE) claim 1 , 2-(diethylamino)-ethanol (DEAE) claim 1 , diisopropanolamine (DIPA) claim 1 , methylaminopropylamine (MAPA) claim 1 , 3-aminopropanol (AP) claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,2-dimethyl-1 claim 1 ,3-propanediamine (DMPDA) claim 1 , 3-amino-1-cyclohexylaminopropane (ACHP) claim 1 , diglycolamine (DGA) claim 1 , 1-amino-2-propanol (MIPA) claim 1 , 2-methyl-methanolamine (MMEA) ...

SOLVENCY FOR ASPHALTENE DEPOSIT REMEDIATION OR INHIBITION

Methods for estimating the solvency potential for various chemical additives used for asphaltene deposit remediation or inhibition have been developed. These methods can be used for remediating or inhibiting asphaltene deposition in various applications including upstream production (e.g., near-wellbore, downhole, flow-lines, separators), midstream processes (e.g., pipe lines, transport, and storage), and downstream (e.g., hydrocarbon refining). 1. A method for determining a stability of an asphaltene dispersion , the method comprisingcontacting a first measured amount of a solid asphaltene-containing deposit with a first measured amount of a solvating agent and a first measured amount of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a first test sample;contacting a second measured amount of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit with a second measured amount of the solvating agent and a second measured amount of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a second test sample;allowing the solid asphaltene-containing deposit to dissolve in the solvating agent and aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a solution in each of the first and the second test samples;adding a first measured amount of an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent to the first test sample until a first asphaltene flocculant forms;adding a second measured amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent to the second test sample until a second asphaltene flocculant forms; andcalculating a solvency factor, an asphaltene factor, and a solubility value from the first and second measured amounts of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and the first and second measured amounts of the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein when the first or second asphaltene flocculant does not form claim 1 , a concentration of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit in the first and second test samples is altered thereby allowing a first and second asphaltene flocculant to form.3. A method for determining a stability of ...

BIOGAS PURIFICATION BY TERPENE ABSORPTION

The invention is directed to a method and an apparatus for absorption of terpenes from methane comprising gas streams. 1. Method for absorbing terpenes from a methane comprising gas stream , which method comprises the step of contacting said stream with a liquid that comprises water and a terpene absorbing agent thereby producing a terpene rich liquid , wherein the terpene absorbing agent comprises a macrocyclic compound that is a cyclic oligomer having a molecular weight of 250-3000 Da.2. Method according to wherein said liquid comprises water and the terpene absorbing agent increases the solubility of the terpene in the liquid.3. Method according to wherein said terpene absorbing agent and the terpene form a complex claim 1 , in particular a host-guest complex claim 1 , thereby increasing the solubility of the terpene in the solvent.4. Method according to wherein the terpene is a hydrocarbon derived from units of isoprene (CH) having the general formula (CH) claim 1 , wherein n is an integer of at least 1 claim 1 , or a terpenoid that is obtained from said hydrocarbon claim 1 , by oxidation claim 1 , carbon rearrangement claim 1 , or oxidation and carbon rearrangement claim 1 , wherein n is an integer of at least 1 claim 1 , wherein the terpene is selected from the group consisting of p-cymene claim 1 , D-limonene claim 1 , pinene claim 1 , humulene and combinations thereof.5. Method according to wherein the terpene absorbing agent comprises a hydrophobic interior and a hydrophilic exterior and is selected from the group consisting of cyclodextrin claim 1 , calixarenes claim 1 , crownethers claim 1 , cucurbiturils and combinations thereof claim 1 , wherein said macrocyclic compounds are modified to improve water solubility claim 1 , improve interaction with the to be removed terpenes claim 1 , or to improve water solubility and improve interaction with the to be removed terpenes.6. Method according to further comprising a regeneration step wherein the terpene is ...

METHOD FOR REMOVING AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS FROM COKE OVEN GAS HAVING BIODIESEL AS WASHING LIQUID AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD

The invention relates to a process for removing aromatic hydrocarbons from coke oven gas (COG), in which biodiesel is conveyed in a circuit as scrubbing liquid. The coke oven gas (COG) is brought into contact with the biodiesel in a first gas scrubbing stage to separate off aromatic hydrocarbons. The biodiesel enriched in aromatic hydrocarbons is then taken off from the first gas scrubbing stage, heated and regenerated by stripping with steam. The biodiesel which has been regenerated by stripping is then, after cooling, fed back into the first gas scrubbing stage. According to the invention, the coke oven gas (COG) purified in the first gas scrubbing stage is fed to a further, second gas scrubbing stage to which a more highly stripped substream of the biodiesel is fed as scrubbing liquid. 19.-. (canceled)10. A method for removing aromatic hydrocarbons from coke oven gas , comprising:contacting coke oven gas with biodiesel in a first gas scrubbing stage to separate off aromatic hydrocarbons from the coke oven gas by absorption into the biodiesel and thereby generate a purified coke oven gas;removing the aromatic hydrocarbon enriched biodiesel from the first gas scrubbing stage;heating the aromatic hydrocarbon enriched biodiesel;treating the aromatic hydrocarbon enriched biodiesel with steam to at least partially strip the aromatic hydrocarbons from the biodiesel to produce a regenerated biodiesel;cooling the regenerated biodiesel;splitting the regenerated biodiesel into a first substream and a second substream, the first substream of regenerated biodiesel having more aromatic hydrocarbons removed than the second substream of regenerated biodiesel;feeding the second substream of the cooled regenerated biodiesel back to the first gas scrubbing stage to be used as a scrubbing liquid for the first gas scrubbing stage;feeding the first substream of the cooled regenerated biodiesel to a second gas scrubbing stage to be used as a scrubbing liquid for the second gas ...

GAS SWEETENING SOLVENTS CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS

A method of treating oil and gas streams comprising HS and a carbon oxide, the method including the step of treating the oil and gas stream with an amine solution having an alkanolamine and a quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the amine solution selectively removes the HS over the carbon oxide. 1. A method of treating oil and gas streams comprising HS , and a carbon oxide , said method comprising the step of:{'sub': '2', 'treating said gas stream with an amine solution comprising an alkanolamine and a quaternary ammonium salt, wherein said amine solution selectively removes said HS species over said carbon oxide.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises from about 0.1 wt % to about 99 wt % quaternary ammonium salt.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said composition comprises from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % quaternary ammonium salt and said alkanolamine comprises a tertiary alkanolamine present in an amount of about 15 wt-% to 99 wt-%.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said tertiary alkanolamine is selected from the group consisting of methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) claim 3 , triethanolamine (TEA) claim 3 , dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) claim 3 , diethylethanolamine (DEEA) claim 3 , 3-dimethylaminopropane-1 claim 3 ,2-diol (DMAPD) claim 3 , 3-diethylaminopropane-1 claim 3 ,2-diol (DEAPD) claim 3 , 2-dimethylaminopropane-1 claim 3 ,3-diol claim 3 , 2-diethylaminopropane-1 claim 3 ,3-diol claim 3 , 2-(hydroxyethyl)-2-dimethylaminopropane-1 claim 3 ,3-diol (DMTA) claim 3 , 2-(hydroxyethyl)-2-diethylaminopropane-1 claim 3 ,3-diol (DETA) claim 3 , tert-butoxyaminoethoxyethanol (TBAEE) and mixtures thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is added to said amine solution during treatment of said oil and gas stream.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said amine solution comprises from about 0.5 wt % to 99 wt % quaternary ammonium compound and about 0 wt % to 50 wt % alkanolamine.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said ...

LIGHT GAS SEPARATION FROM HYDROCARBONS FOR VARIABLE COMPOSITION FEED STREAMS

The invention is a process and apparatus for separating the components of a multi-component gas stream comprising light and heavier volatility components with a variable composition. The process includes contacting the multi-component gas stream with a lean solvent in an absorber to produce a light component overhead stream and a rich solvent bottoms stream, flashing the rich solvent bottoms stream in at least a first, second and third reduced constant pressure of sequentially lower pressure wherein the released gas is compressed and a part is routed back to the absorber bottoms as stripping gas and a part is routed as a part of the heavier product stream. In this invention compressed vapor from the first or second reduced constant pressure rich solvent flash vessel is split by flow control between recycle routing to the absorber bottom stage as stripping gas and to the heavier product hydrocarbon stream, depending on the feed gas concentration of light component. The third and any additional flash vessels at sequentially lower pressure produce flash gas that is the remainder of the produced hydrocarbon product stream. The lean solvent remaining after the lowest pressure flash is routed back to the top of the absorber. 1. A process for separating the components of a variable composition multi-component gas stream comprising light components and heavier hydrocarbon components , the process comprising:contacting the multi-component gas stream with a lean solvent in an absorber to produce a light component overhead stream and a rich solvent bottoms stream;directing the rich solvent bottoms stream to a first flash vessel at a first constant reduced pressure to produce a vapor of which all or part of the vapor is routed to the absorber bottom stage and with the remaining vapor routed to the produced hydrocarbon product stream;directing the rich solvent from the first flash vessel to a second flash vessel at a further reduced second constant pressure to produce a vapor; ...

Methods and systems for improving the energy efficiency of carbon dioxide capture

A system for carbon dioxide capture from a gas mixture comprises an absorber that receives a lean solvent system stream (containing a chemical solvent, physical-solvent additive, and water) from the stripper, a stripper that receives the rich solvent stream from the absorber and produces the product carbon dioxide and the lean solvent through the use of a reboiler in fluid communication with a lower portion of the stripper, a condenser in fluid communication with a vapor outlet of the stripper, a cross-exchanger in fluid communication with a rich solvent system outlet from the absorber and a rich solvent system inlet on the stripper, and a splitter. The splitter is configured to separate the rich solvent system stream into a first portion and a second portion, where the first portion directly passes to the stripper and the second portion passes through the cross-exchanger prior to passing to the stripper.

LEAN OIL ABSORPTION AND STABILIZATION

The invention provides a process and a system for processing hydrocarbon streams efficiently, especially natural gas streams that contain natural gas liquids including propanes, butanes, pentanes and higher hydrocarbons. A lean oil absorber is used to separate natural gas liquids, a side stripper with a side stripper reboiler is used to separate a propane/butane stream and a stabilizer reboiler is used to stabilize a natural gasoline product stream. 1. A process for purifying a hydrocarbon stream comprising:(a) sending said hydrocarbon stream through a lean gas absorber;(b) sending a vapor stream out a top of said lean gas absorber;(c) sending a heavier hydrocarbon portion out a bottom of said lean gas absorber; and(d) sending said heavier hydrocarbon portion to a column to be separated into a light hydrocarbon portion comprising methane and ethane exiting a top of said column, a heavy hydrocarbon portion exiting a bottom of said column comprising pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons and a middle portion comprising butanes and propanes.2. The process of wherein said middle portion is sent to a side stripper and a reboiler to be divided into a vapor portion comprising methane and ethane and a natural gas liquids portion.3. The process of wherein said heavy hydrocarbon portion is passed through a stabilizer reboiler to produce a stabilized natural gasoline product and a lighter hydrocarbon portion to be returned to said column for further separation.4. The process of wherein three product streams are produced comprising a natural gasoline product stream claim 1 , a natural gas liquids product stream and a methane/ethane product stream.5. The process of wherein said methane/ethane product stream is further separated into a methane product stream and an ethane product stream.6. The process of wherein at least a portion of said natural gasoline product stream or said natural gas liquids product stream is sent to said absorber as a lean oil stream.7. A system for purifying a ...

POLYSILOXANE SCRUBBING LIQUID FOR REMOVING TAR-LIKE COMPOUNDS

Tar-like components can be removed from gas streams resulting from gasification of coal, waste or biomass by contacting the gas with a liquid organic aryl polysiloxane. The polysiloxane preferably contains alkyl groups and aryl groups, and is in particular a polymethyl polyphenyl polysiloxane. The gas comprises one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane. 113-. (canceled)14. A process of clarifying a gas stream comprising tar-like or tar-constituting components comprising aromatic compounds having 6 or more carbon atoms , the process comprising contacting the gas stream with a liquid organic aryl polysiloxane as a washing liquid.15. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the polysiloxane comprises an average of between 0.2 and 1.8 C5-C14 aryl group per silicon atom.16. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the polysiloxane comprises an average of between 0.5 and 1.5 C5-C10 aryl group and between 0.5 and 1.5 C1-C4 alkyl group per silicon atom.17. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the polysiloxane has a molar weight between 700 and 7000 Da.18. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the polysiloxane is a polymethylphenylsiloxane or a poly-diphenyl-dimethyl-siloxane.19. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the gas comprises one or more of hydrogen claim 14 , carbon monoxide claim 14 , carbon dioxide claim 14 , methane and nitrogen.20. The process according to claim 19 , wherein the gas comprises at least 30 vol. % of one or more of hydrogen claim 19 , methane and carbon monoxide.21. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the tar-like components comprise polycyclic aromatic compounds having 9-18 carbon atoms.22. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the gas is contacted with the polysiloxane at a temperature between 30 and 150° C. at atmospheric pressure.23. The process according to claim 22 , wherein the gas is contacted with the polysiloxane at a temperature between 60 and 120° C. claim 22 , at ...

COMPOSITE AMINE ABSORBENT, AND APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR REMOVING CO2 AND/OR H2S

A composite amine absorbent is an absorbent dissolved in water for absorbing COor HS in gas, or both of them, which comprises: 1. A composite amine absorbent dissolved in water for absorbing COor HS in gas , or both of them , which comprises:1) at least one amine compound and2) a disulfide compound as an oxidative degradation inhibitor for the absorbent, {'br': None, 'sup': 1', '2, 'R—S—S—R\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'wherein the disulfide compound is a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula (I){'sup': 1', '2, 'in the formula, Ror Ris any one of an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxyethyl group, a carboxyethyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a dibutylthiocarbamoyl group.'}2. The composite amine absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the disulfide compound is added at 1 to 20% by weight to the amine compound.3. The composite amine absorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the amine compound is at least one primary amine compound claim 1 , at least one secondary amine compound claim 1 , at least one tertiary amine compound claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.5. The composite amine absorbent according to claim 4 , wherein the disulfide compound and the tertiary amine compound is added at 1 to 20% by weight to the primary amine compound claim 4 , the secondary amine compound claim 4 , or the mixture thereof.7. The composite amine absorbent according to claim 6 , wherein the disulfide compound and the piperidine compound are added at 1 to 20% by weight to a primary amine compound claim 6 , a secondary amine compound claim 6 , or a mixture thereof.9. The composite amine absorbent according to claim 8 , wherein the piperidine compound is added at 1 to 20% by weight to the primary amine compound claim 8 , the secondary amine compound claim 8 , or the mixture thereof.10. An apparatus for removing COor HS claim 1 , or both of them comprising: an absorber for removing COor HS claim 1 , or both of them by bringing gas containing COor HS claim 1 , or both of them ...

WATER EXTRACTING DEVICE

A device for extracting water vapour from a fluid stream includes a carrier structure, a substrate of fibrous material provided on the carrier structure, the fibrous material including a plurality of individual fibres, a quantity of an LCST polymer coating the individual fibres; and a heating provision arranged to selectively heat the LCST polymer to above its lower critical temperature whereby water absorbed by the fibres can be subsequently released on heating. By providing the LCST polymer as a coating onto the fibres, an increased surface area may be achieved. 121-. (canceled)22. A water extracting device comprising:a carrier structure;a substrate of fibrous material provided on the carrier structure, the fibrous material comprising a plurality of individual fibres;a quantity of an LCST polymer coating the individual fibres; anda heating provision arranged to selectively heat the LCST polymer to above its lower critical temperature whereby water absorbed by the fibres can be subsequently released on heating.23. The device as claimed in claim 22 , wherein the carrier structure comprises a conducting metal foil.24. The device as claimed in claim 22 , wherein the carrier structure comprises an insulating foil.25. The device according to claim 22 , wherein the carrier structure comprises a plurality of fins and the fibrous material is provided on the fins.26. The device according to claim 22 , wherein the LCST polymer is poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm).27. The device according to claim 22 , wherein the fibres comprise natural fibres.28. The device according to claim 22 , wherein the heating provision comprises a resistive heating element provided on the carrier structure.29. The device according to claim 22 , wherein the heating element comprises a carbon containing layer claim 22 , comprising carbon black particles.30. The device according to claim 22 , wherein the heating element covers regions of the substrate and other regions of the substrate are free of ...

Metal carboxylate salts as h2s scavengers in mixed production or dry gas or wet gas systems

A transition metal carboxylate scavenger may be used to scavenge contaminants from systems from mixed production and/or gas, either dry or wet hydrocarbon gas. The contaminants scavenged or otherwise removed may include, but are not necessarily limited to, H 2 S, mercaptans, sulfides, and combinations thereof. Suitable transition metal carboxylates in the scavenger include, but are not limited to, zinc octoate, zinc dodecanoate, zinc naphthenate, and combinations thereof.

PROTEIN NANOFIBER AIR FILTER MATERIALS AND METHODS

Air filters formed from mats of protein-containing nanowires are provided. The nanowires are formed into a mat with pores that allow air to pass through while physically filtering particulate matter. The protein in the protein-containing nanowires also serves to chemically filter polluted air passed through the filter. Specifically, chemical functional groups from the many amino acids that comprise the protein of the protein-containing nanowire react with certain chemical pollutants (e.g., carbon monoxide and formaldehyde) in order to capture or otherwise neutralize the pollutant. Accordingly, the single nanofiber mat performs two filtering functions. Methods of filtering air using the provided air filters are also disclosed, as well as methods for making the air filters from protein-containing nanofibers. 1. An air filter , comprising a porous nanofiber mat configured to filter particles having a diameter of about 0.1 μm or greater when air is passed through the air filter , the porous nanofiber mat comprising a plurality of protein-containing nanofibers , comprising a protein configured to bind to , and thereby filter , at least one chemical species.2. The air filter of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of protein-containing nanofibers consist essentially of protein.3. The air filter of claim 2 , wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of plant-based proteins claim 2 , animal-based proteins claim 2 , and synthetic proteins.4. The air filter of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of protein-containing nanofibers are composite nanofibers comprising protein and a polymer.5. The air filter of claim 4 , wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of plant-based proteins claim 4 , animal-based proteins claim 4 , and synthetic proteins.6. The air filter of claim 4 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) claim 4 , poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) claim 4 , poly ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING DICYANOBENZENE

The object is to prevent deterioration and loss of dicyanobenzene in producing dicyanobenzene by ammoxidation of xylene to thereby achieve industrial and economical advantage in producing of dicyanobenzene. The method for producing dicyanobenzene of the present invention includes: contacting a xylene-ammoxidation reaction gas containing dicyanobenzene in ammoxidation of xylene with an organic solvent so as to obtain a dicyanobenzene-absorbing solution; contacting the dicyanobenzene-absorbing solution with a basic aqueous solution containing a salt such as ammonium carbonate so as to extract a water-soluble salt formed by neutralization reaction between carboxylic acid in the dicyanobenzene-absorbing solution and a base in the basic aqueous solution into an aqueous phase; separating the mixture of the dicyanobenzene-absorbing solution and the basic aqueous solution into an organic phase and an aqueous phase; decomposing the salt such as ammonium carbonate contained in the organic phase for separation of the salt from the organic phase; and distilling the organic phase to separate low boiling point compounds contained in the organic phase from the organic phase so as to obtain dicyanobenzene. 1. A method for producing dicyanobenzene comprising:(1) an absorption step of contacting a xylene-ammoxidation reaction gas comprising dicyanobenzene obtained by ammoxidation of xylene with an organic solvent so as to obtain a dicyanobenzene-absorbing solution comprising the organic solvent in which the dicyanobenzene is dissolved;(2) an extraction step of contacting the dicyanobenzene-absorbing solution with a basic aqueous solution comprising one or more salts selected from the group consisting of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, and ammonium carbamate so as to extract a water-soluble salt formed by neutralization reaction between carboxylic acid in the dicyanobenzene-absorbing solution and a base in the basic aqueous solution into an aqueous phase;(3) a liquid-liquid ...

C1-C8 CARBOXYLIC ACID SALT SOLUTION FOR THE ABSORPTION OF CO2

The invention provides a method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition, the release of said gas from said composition and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use. The method comprises the step of capturing an acid gas by contacting said acid gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid dissolved in a solvent system consisting substantially of water. 1. A method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition said method comprising:a. capturing an acid gas by contacting said acid gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid dissolved in a solvent system consisting substantially of water; wherein said capture composition is substantially free of amino acids or salts of amino acids.2. A method of claim 1 , said method being a method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition claim 1 , the release of said gas from said composition and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use claim 1 , said method comprising performing claim 1 , in order claim 1 , the steps of:a. capturing an acid gas by contacting said acid gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid dissolved in a solvent system consisting substantially of water; wherein said capture composition is substantially free of amino acids or salts of amino acids;b. releasing said at least one acid gas by heating the loaded capture composition and/or by subjecting the loaded capture composition to a stream of stripping gas and/or by applying a lower pressure than employed for absorption;c. regenerating the capture composition by cooling and/or increasing the pressure.3. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one salt of a carboxylic acid is a single salt of a carboxylic acid.4. A method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the single salt is present at a concentration of greater than 4M claim 3 , optionally greater than 5M claim 3 ...

Scavenging System Including at Least One Mixed Acetal Compound to Remove Hydrogen Sulfide and/or Mercaptans from a Fluid Stream

A solution including at least one mixed acetal compound is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans from a fluid stream, preferably a fluid gas stream. A mixed acetal compound, as provided in the general structure below, includes an N-glycosidic type bond. The mixed acetal includes nitrogen and oxygen as provided below. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said at least one mixed acetal has a pH of 8-9.5.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fluid stream is a fluid gas stream.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said solution is an aqueous solution.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said solution includes 20-90 wt. % water.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said solution includes 40-60 wt. % water.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mercaptans are selected from the group consisting of methanethiol —CHSH [methyl mercaptan] claim 1 , ethanethiol —CHSH [ethyl mercaptan] claim 1 , 1-propanethiol —CHSH [n-propyl mercaptan] claim 1 , 2-propanethiol —CHCH(SH)CH[2Cmercaptan] claim 1 , allyl mercaptan —CH═CHCHSH [2-propenethiol] claim 1 , butanethiol —CHSH [n-butyl mercaptan] claim 1 , tert-butyl mercaptan —(CH)CSH [t-butyl mercaptan] claim 1 , pentanethiols —CHSH [pentyl mercaptan] claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fluid gas streams has <10 wt. % hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , mercaptans claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fluid gas stream has <5 wt. % hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , mercaptans claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fluid gas stream has <2 wt. % hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , mercaptans claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said at least one mixed acetal compound reduces the concentration of said hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , mercaptans claim 1 , and mixtures thereof provided in said fluid stream by at least 20 wt. %.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said at least one mixed acetal compound reduces the concentration of said ...

DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL HIGH TEMPERATURE STABLE SCAVENGER FOR REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that are useful in removing, lowering the amount of, or otherwise controlling hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans. The compositions and methods can be used in any industry where hydrogen sulfide poses problems, such as when dealing with crude oil based, natural gas based, and/or coal based products. The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that can reduce the amount of or eliminate hydrogen sulfide in a variety of mediums. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stream is a liquid stream or a gaseous stream.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stream comprises one or more hydrocarbons.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition excludes triazine compounds.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of isopropanol claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , water claim 1 , xylene claim 1 , ethylene glycols claim 1 , propylene glycols claim 1 , and any combination thereof.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the solvent comprises from about 10% to about 99% claim 5 , by weight claim 5 , of the one or more scavenger compounds.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the solvent comprises from about 30% to about 70% claim 6 , by weight claim 6 , of the one or more scavenger compounds.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more scavengers are thermally stable at a temperature of about 200° C.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises one or more additives selected from the group consisting of asphaltene inhibitors claim 1 , paraffin inhibitors claim 1 , corrosion inhibitors claim 1 , scale inhibitors claim 1 , emulsifiers claim 1 , water clarifiers claim 1 , dispersants claim 1 , emulsion breakers claim 1 , additional hydrogen sulfide scavengers claim 1 , gas hydrate inhibitors claim 1 , biocides claim 1 , pH modifiers claim 1 , surfactants claim 1 , solvents claim 1 , and any combination thereof.10. The method of ...

DEODORIZATION OF RECLAIMED STEAM FROM WASTE TREATMENT AUTOCLAVE

Methods and apparatus for deodorization of steam from a waste treatment autoclave. A system includes an autoclave for sterilization of waste, the autoclave being fluidly linked or coupled to a bottom portion of a condensate tank to enable flow of steam from the autoclave to the condensate tank, and a deodorization tank containing a liquid deodorant. An upper portion of the condensate tank is fluidly linked or coupled to a bottom portion of the deodorization tank to enable steam/air from the condensate tank to bubble through the liquid deodorant and exit from a vent located on a top of the deodorization tank. 1. A system comprising:an autoclave for sterilization of waste, the autoclave fluidly linked to a bottom portion of a condensate tank to enable flow of steam from the autoclave to the condensate tank; anda deodorization tank containing a liquid deodorant, an upper portion of the condensate tank fluidly linked to a bottom portion of the deodorization tank to enable steam from the condensate tank to bubble through the liquid deodorant and exit from a vent located on a top of the deodorization tank.2. The system of further comprising:a waste water tank with a liquid level control system that permits liquid overflow, but in so doing resists passage of odorous steam from any path but through the deodorizer.3. The system of wherein the autoclave further comprises a deodorant device that sprays the sterilized waste.4. The system of wherein the waste is medical waste.5. The system of wherein the medical waste is a regulated medical waste.6. The system of wherein the medical waste is selected from the group consisting of gloves claim 4 , needles claim 4 , lancets claim 4 , syringes claim 4 , broken glass claim 4 , scalpels claim 4 , culture slides claim 4 , culture dishes claim 4 , broken capillary tubes claim 4 , broken rigid plastic claim 4 , exposed ends of dental wires claim 4 , stents claim 4 , laboratory slides and cover slips contaminated with infectious agents.7. ...

ABSORBENT FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE FROM A FLUID STREAM

An absorbent for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream comprises an aqueous solution of a) a tertiary amine, b) a sterically hindered secondary amine of the general formula (I) 113-. (canceled)15: The process according to claim 14 , wherein the fluid stream comprises a hydrocarbon.16: The process according to claim 14 , wherein there is a partial hydrogen sulfide pressure of at least 0.1 bar and a partial carbon dioxide pressure of at least 1.0 bar in the fluid stream.17: The process according to claim 14 , wherein the laden absorbent is regenerated bya) heating,b) decompression,c) stripping with an inert fluidor a combination of two or all of these measures.19: The absorbent according to claim 18 , wherein the total concentration of a) and b) in the aqueous solution is 10% to 60% by weight.20: The absorbent according to claim 18 , wherein the tertiary amine a) is a tertiary alkanolamine.21: The absorbent according to claim 20 , wherein the tertiary amine a) is methyldiethanolamine.22: The absorbent according to claim 18 , wherein the sterically hindered secondary amine b) is 2-(2-tert-butylaminoethoxy)ethanol.23: The absorbent according to claim 18 , wherein the acid c) is at least one member selected from inorganic acids and organic acids.24: The absorbent according to claim 23 , wherein the organic acid is at least one member selected from phosphonic acids claim 23 , sulfonic acids claim 23 , carboxylic acids claim 23 , tertiary aminocarboxylic acids claim 23 , N-sec-alkylaminocarboxylic acids and N-tert-alkylaminocarboxylic acids.25: The absorbent according to claim 23 , wherein the inorganic acid is present and is at least one selected from phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. The present invention relates to an absorbent for removing acidic gases from fluid streams, especially for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide, and to a process for removing acidic gases from a fluid stream, especially for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide over ...

GAS SEPARATION BY VAPORIZED COMPOUND

An improved process for deacidizing a gaseous mixture with reduced overall energy costs is described. The process involves contacting the gaseous mixture with at least one of a vaporizing compound, a vaporized compound, a vaporizing solution of compound and a vaporized solution of compound, and forming a liquid or solid reaction product that can be easily separated from the gaseous mixture. 1. A method for deacidizing a gas stream comprising one or more acid gases , comprising:mixing a compound with the gas stream, wherein the compound reacts with the one or more acid gases in the gas stream to form a reaction product in a gas phase;causing the reaction product to precipitate from the gas phase in a form of a liquid or a solid; andcollecting the liquid or the solid reaction product,wherein the compound is in form of aerosol.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mixing the released compound with the gas stream.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more acid gases are selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide (CO) claim 1 , sulfur dioxide (SO) claim 1 , sulfur trioxide (SO) claim 1 , hydrogen sulfide (HS) claim 1 , carbon oxysulfide (COS) claim 1 , carbon disulfide (CS) claim 1 , mercaptans (RSH) claim 1 , nitric oxide (NO) claim 1 , nitric dioxide (NO) claim 1 , fluorides claim 1 , HCl claim 1 , and HF.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound comprises an amine selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine claim 1 , diethanolamine claim 1 , triethanolamine claim 1 , ethanolamines claim 1 , isopropanolamines claim 1 , ethyleneamines claim 1 , alkyl alkanolamines claim 1 , methyldiethanolamine claim 1 , piperidine claim 1 , piperazine claim 1 , dibutylamine claim 1 , diisopropylamine claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aerosol is liquid droplets and/or solid particles.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aerosol are formed prior to mixing with the gas stream claim 1 , upon contacting the ...

Process and system to purify gas

A process for producing a purified gas stream from a feed gas stream comprising methane, carbon dioxide, and aromatic compounds selected from the group of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene involves measuring respective amounts of carbon dioxide and aromatic compounds in the feed gas and providing the measured amounts to a controller. The feed gas stream and a stream of absorbing liquid comprising at least sulfolane, water and a secondary or tertiary amine is provided to an acid gas removal unit (AGRU) The controller adjusts one or more of composition, temperature, and flow rate of the stream of absorbing liquid to the AGRU to prevent amounts of aromatic compounds in an AGRU outlet stream from exceeding a predetermined maximum threshold.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL METHOD

An air pollution control system includes: a desulfurization device which removes sulfur oxides in a flue gas generated from a boiler; a cooler which is provided at the downstream side of the desulfurization device, decreases a flue gas temperature and enlarges a particle diameter of SOmist contained in the flue gas through cooling or heating the flue gas by a temperature adjustment means for adjusting a gas dew point temperature of the flue gas; and a COrecovery device which includes a COabsorber bringing COin the flue gas into contact with the COabsorbent so as to remove COtherefrom and a regenerator recovering COby dissociating COfrom the COabsorbent and regenerating the COabsorbent, wherein the flue gas is cooled by a cooling unit so as to enlarge the SOmist in the flue gas. 1. An air pollution control system comprising:a desulfurization device which removes sulfur oxides in a flue gas generated from a boiler;{'sub': '3', 'a cooler which is provided at the downstream side of the desulfurization device and decreases a flue gas temperature by enlarging a particle diameter of SOmist contained in the flue gas while cooling or heating the flue gas by a temperature adjustment means for adjusting a gas dew point temperature of the flue gas; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'a COrecovery device which includes a COabsorber bringing COin the flue gas into contact with a COabsorbent so as to remove COtherefrom and a regenerator recovering COby dissociating COfrom the COabsorbent and regenerating the COabsorbent.'}2. The air pollution control system according to claim 1 ,wherein a mist trapping means for trapping enlarged mist is provided near the top of the cooler.3. The air pollution control system according to claim 1 ,wherein the temperature adjustment means is a cooling unit which includes a heat exchanger cooling the cooled water circulating inside the cooler to be lower by 20° C. or more from a flue gas introduction temperature.4. The air ...

SYSTEM FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY REMOVING NITROGEN OXIDES (NOx) AND SULFUR OXIDES (SOx) FROM EXHAUST GAS

A system for oxidizing nitrogen monoxide (NO) contained in exhaust gas injects a liquid oxidizing agent into the exhaust gas and simultaneously removes nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides from exhaust gas using an organic catalyst. The system includes an absorption tank for storing an absorption solution containing an organic catalyst, the absorption tank communicating with an oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen-containing gas to the absorption tank; an absorption tower, extending upward from the absorption tank, through which the exhaust gas flows from an exhaust gas inlet duct to an exhaust gas outlet; a first injection unit to inject the absorption solution into the absorption tower; a second injection unit to inject an oxidizing agent solution into at least one of the inlet duct and the absorption tower; and an oxidizing agent supply unit for supplying the oxidizing agent solution to the second injection unit. 1. A system for simultaneously removing nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides from exhaust gas , the system comprising:an absorption tank for storing an absorption solution containing an organic catalyst, the absorption tank communicating with an oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen-containing gas to the absorption tank;an absorption tower, extending upward from the absorption tank, through which the exhaust gas flows from an exhaust gas inlet duct to an exhaust gas outlet;a first injection unit to inject the absorption solution into the absorption tower;a second injection unit to inject an oxidizing agent solution into at least one of the inlet duct and the absorption tower; andan oxidizing agent supply unit for supplying the oxidizing agent solution to the second injection unit.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the organic catalyst includes an oil-derived organic sulfoxide.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent in the oxidizing agent solution includes at least one of HO claim 1 , NaClO claim 1 , KMnO claim 1 , and PO ...

ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF ANALYTES FROM POROUS MEMBRANE PACKED SOLID SAMPLES

A method for extracting an analyte from a solid sample is described. The sample is sealed in a porous membrane bag, which is sonicated in an organic solvent. An extract of the analyte forms in the bag and diffuses into the organic solvent. The organic solvent containing the extract may then be concentrated and analyzed for an analyte with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method does not the use of a solid sorbent material, and does not require a step of centrifuging or filtering. 1: A method for extracting an analyte from a solid sample , the method comprising: a porous membrane bag contained within the vial, the porous membrane bag encapsulating the solid sample,', 'wherein the porous membrane bag has an average pore size in a range of 50-150 nm; and, 'sonicating the solid sample and an organic solvent in a vial, the vial comprisingextracting the analyte from the solid sample to produce an extract within the organic solvent,wherein the porous membrane bag and the vial do not contain a solid sorbent.2: The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.3: The method of claim 2 , wherein the analyte is at least one polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of acenaphthene claim 2 , acenaphthylene claim 2 , anthracene claim 2 , benz[a]anthracene claim 2 , benzo[b]fluoranthene claim 2 , benzo[ghi]perylene claim 2 , benzo[a]pyrene claim 2 , 2-bromonaphthalene claim 2 , chrysene claim 2 , dibenz[ah]anthracene claim 2 , fluoranthene claim 2 , fluorene claim 2 , indeno[1 claim 2 ,2 claim 2 ,3-cd]pyrene claim 2 , naphthalene claim 2 , phenanthrene claim 2 , and pyrene.4: The method of claim 2 , wherein a matrix effect of the solid sample is in a range of 85-115%.5: The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of acetone claim 1 , benzene claim 1 , cyclohexane claim 1 , n-hexane claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , iso-octane claim 1 , heptane claim 1 , ...

Carbon dioxide absorbent composition and method for capturing carbon dioxide

A carbon dioxide absorbent composition is disclosed. Based on 100 parts by weight of the carbon dioxide absorbent composition, the carbon dioxide absorbent composition includes 5 to 45 parts by weight of sodium 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethanesulfonate. Moreover, a method for capturing carbon dioxide using the carbon dioxide absorbent composition is disclosed.

ENHANCED OLEFIN RECOVERY PROCESS

A demethanizer employing C3, C4 and C4+ hydrocarbons as absorbents can be employed in a methanol to olefin process to reduce both operating and capital costs in comparison to a convention process which employs only cryogenic distillation to remove methane and other low boilers from a light olefin process stream. By reducing the use of propane, the size and operating costs of the C3 splitter can be reduced thereby providing an economic advantage over conventional applications. 1. A method for producing olefins from methanol , the method comprising employing a demethanizer to remove methane from a light olefin containing process stream wherein the demethanizer uses an absorbent selected from the group consisting of C3 , C4 , and C4+ hydrocarbons , and combinations thereof , wherein when the absorbent is a C3 hydrocarbon it is not exclusively propane.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein propane makes up less than ten percent of the total amount of the selected absorbent.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein propane makes up less than one percent of the total amount of the selected absorbent.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein an effluent of the demethanizer is sent to a deethanizer.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein a first portion of an effluent from the deethanizer is returned to the demethanizer.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein a second portion of the effluent from the deethanizer is sent to a debutanizer.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein a portion of an effluent of the debutanizer is sent to the demethanizer.8. The method of claim 5 , wherein a third portion of the effluent from the deethanizer is sent to a C3 splitter.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein a portion of an effluent of the C3 splitter is sent to the demethanizer.10. A system for producing olefins from methanol claim 8 , comprising:demethanizer configured to remove methane from a light olefin containing process stream wherein the demethanizer uses an absorbent selected from the group consisting of C3, C4, ...

Carbon dioxide trapping device and method capable of producing electricity

An apparatus and process are provided for electricity production and high-efficiency trapping of carbon dioxide, using carbon dioxide within combustion exhaust gas and converging technologies associated with a carbon dioxide absorption tower and a generating device using ions which uses a difference in concentration of salinity between seawater and freshwater. It is expected that enhanced electrical energy production efficiency, an effect of reducing costs for the operation of a carbon dioxide trapping process, and electricity production from carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, can be simultaneously achieved by increasing the difference in concentration using an absorbent for absorbing carbon dioxide.

Process for desorbing co2 from ion-rich mixture with micro-particles comprising biocatalysts

A process for desorbing CO 2 gas from an ion-rich aqueous mixture comprising bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, includes providing micro-particles in the ion-rich aqueous mixture; and feeding the ion-rich aqueous mixture into a desorption reactor; the micro-particles comprising a support material and biocatalysts supported and stabilized by the support material and being sized and provided in a concentration in the desorption reactor such that the micro-particles are carried with the ion-rich aqueous mixture to promote transformation of the bicarbonate and hydrogen ions into CO 2 gas and water, thereby producing a CO 2 gas stream and an ion-depleted solution.

Organic ammonium compositions and methods of their use and making

Methods and systems for converting ammonium waste streams into certifiably Organic ammonium salts having a variety of uses in greenhouse gas-reducing activities are herein described. The resulting ammonium salt compositions can be used to enhance crop yield.

Absorption agent and a method for selectively removing hydrogen sulphide

An absorbent for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, which comprises a) 10% to 70% by weight of at least one sterically hindered secondary amine having at least one ether group and/or at least one hydroxyl group in the molecule; b) at least one nonaqueous solvent having at least two functional groups selected from ether groups and hydroxyl groups in the molecule; and c) optionally a cosolvent; where the hydroxyl group density of the absorbent ρabs is in the range from 8.5 to 35 mol(OH)/kg. Also described is a process for selectively removing hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, wherein the fluid stream is contacted with the absorbent. The absorbent features good regeneration capacity and high cyclic acid gas capacity.

VENT GAS ABSORPTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RECOVERY VOCs

The present invention relates to a vent gas adsorption system and a method of recovering volatile organic compounds (VOCs), more particularly to a vent gas adsorption system devised to effectively adsorb VOCs included in the vent gas and reduce VOC content of the vent gas, and a method of recovering VOCs. 115.-. (canceled)16. A method of recovering VOC (volatile organic compound) components contained in vent gas using a vent gas adsorption system ,the vent gas adsorption system comprising:an adsorption tower which adsorbs the VOC components contained in vent gas by circulating adsorption solvent therein, and discharges a removed gas with a portion of the adsorption solvent to a storage tank that stores adsorption solvent;a desorption tower which separates the VOC components from the adsorption solvent and recovers the VOC components by circulating a carrier gas therein; anda temperature control unit which controls the temperature of the adsorption solvent transferred to the adsorption tower and the desorption tower such that the temperature is appropriate for the operating condition of each tower,wherein the adsorption tower is connected to the storage tank by a first recovery line,wherein the removed gas flows through the first recovery line to the storage tank and the storage tank separates the removed gas from the portion of the adsorption solvent such that the removed gas is discharged via the storage tank to the outside, and the portion of the adsorption solvent is returned to the adsorption tower,wherein the temperature control unit being a heat exchanger which cools and heats the adsorption solvent separated from the desorption tower and the adsorption solvent transferred from the adsorption tower to the desorption tower by heat exchange appropriate for the operating conditions of each tower,wherein the heat exchanger further comprises a cooler and a heater on a feeding line and a transfer line connected to the adsorption tower and the desorption tower, so as ...

Method for Recovering Ethylene during the Process for Producing VAC and a Device thereof

The present invention discloses a method and a device for recovering ethylene during the process for producing vinyl acetate, wherein a double solvent absorption method composed of an absorbent solution and deionized water is adopted. The method is as follows: introducing an outlet stream as an absorbent solution from the upper section of the feeding plate in an acetic acid tower during the rectification stage of vinyl acetate production; delivering same to the top of the lower section of the ethylene recovery tower by a delivery pump; charging refined gas from the tower bottom of the ethylene recovery tower for contacting with the absorbent solution in a counter-current; delivering the absorption bottom solution to the rectification stage for treatment; the gas continuing to rise to the upper section of the ethylene recovery tower and contacting with the deionized water introduced from the top of the tower in a counter-current; absorbing and removing the acetic acid therein; and discharging the residual inert gas, such as N2, from the top of the ethylene recovery tower. The absorbent solution is a mixture of acetic acid, vinyl acetate and water, and comprises by weight percentage of 50-85% acetic acid, 5-30% vinyl acetate and 5-20% water. 1. A method for recovering ethylene during the process for producing vinyl acetate , wherein a double solvent absorption method composed of an absorbent solution and deionized water is adopted. The method is as follows: introducing an outlet stream as an absorbent solution from the upper section of the feeding plate in an acetic acid tower during the rectification stage of vinyl acetate production; delivering same to the top of the lower section of the ethylene recovery tower by a delivery pump; charging refined gas from the tower bottom of the ethylene recovery tower for contacting with the absorbent solution in a counter-current; delivering the absorption bottom solution to the rectification stage for treatment; the gas ...

ACID GAS REMOVAL WITH AN ABSORPTION LIQUID THAT SEPARATES IN TWO LIQUID PHASES

An apparatus and method for acid gas removal using an absorption liquid comprising a chemical solvent and a non-chemical solvent, each absorbing acid gas, wherein in embodiments regeneration of the absorption liquid involves separating the two components from each other in separate streams, and causing desorption from each stream using different desorption conditions. 2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said chemical solvent comprises one or more amines.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said chemical solvent comprises one or more amines selected from the group consisting of 2-amino-ethanol claim 1 , diisopropylamine claim 1 , diethanolamine claim 1 , diethylethanolamine claim 1 , triethanolamine claim 1 , aminoethoxyethanol claim 1 , 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol claim 1 , dimethylaminopropanol claim 1 , methyldiisopropanolamine claim 1 , aminoethylpiperazine claim 1 , piperazine claim 1 , 2-amino-1-butanol claim 1 , methyldiethanolamine claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said non-chemical solvent comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of sulpholane claim 1 , 3-methylsulpholane claim 1 , dimethylsulphoxide claim 1 , thiodiglycol claim 1 , dithiodiglycol claim 1 , N-methylpyrrolidone claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , tributyl phosphate claim 1 , N-β-hydroxyethylmorpholine claim 1 , propylene carbonate claim 1 , methoxytriglycol claim 1 , dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol claim 1 , and mixtures of polyethylene glycol dialkyl ethers.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said chemical solvent comprises water.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said chemical solvent comprises three or more different molecules.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said chemical solvent comprises four or more different molecules.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the absorption liquid further comprises one or more modifiers for promoting phase separation between the two phases ...

METHOD FOR SELECTIVE ABSORPTION OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE FROM A GASEOUS EFFLUENT COMPRISING CARBON DIOXIDE USING AN AMINE-BASED ABSORBENT SOLUTION COMPRISING A VISCOSIFYING AGENT

The invention is a method for selectively removing hydrogen sulfide HS from a gaseous effluent comprising at least HS and CO. A stage of selective absorption of the hydrogen sulfide in relation to the COis carried out by contacting the effluent with a solution comprising (a) water and (b) at least one nitrogen compound. The compound comprises at least one tertiary amine function or one hindered secondary amine function. The absorption selectivity is controlled by adding (c) a viscosifying compound to the absorbent solution. 114-. (canceled)15. A method of selectively removing hydrogen sulfide contained in a gaseous effluent including CO , wherein a selective absorption of the hydrogen sulfide in relation to the COcomprises contacting the effluent with an absorbent solution comprising (a) water and (b) at least one nitrogen compound including at least one tertiary amine function or one hindered secondary amine function and controlling the absorption selectivity by adding a viscosifying compound (c) to the absorbent solution.16. A method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the absorption selectivity is controlled by adding less than between 20% by weight of absorbent solution of a viscosifying compound to the absorbent solution to increase the dynamic viscosity of the absorbent solution from 25% to at least 80% claim 15 , in relation to the absorbent solution without the viscosifying compound.17. A method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the absorption selectivity is controlled by adding less than 5 wt. % of a viscosifying compound to the absorbent solution claim 15 , to increase the dynamic viscosity of the absorbent solution from 25% to at least 80% claim 15 , in relation to the absorbent solution without the viscosifying compound.18. A method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the absorption selectivity is controlled by adding less than 1 wt. % of a viscosifying compound to the absorbent solution to increase the dynamic viscosity of the absorbent solution from 25% to at ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF RECOVERING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM A STREAM OF GAS

A system for use in recovering carbon dioxide from a stream of gas includes an absorption unit configured to receive the stream of gas and a stream of liquid absorbent. The gas includes carbon dioxide and vaporized water, and the liquid absorbent is chemically reactive with the carbon dioxide to form a solidified carbon dioxide-rich absorbent material. The gas and the liquid absorbent are mixed in the absorption unit such that a slurry that includes the solidified carbon dioxide-rich absorbent material and condensed water is formed therein. The system also includes a transport mechanism coupled in communication with the absorption unit, wherein the transport mechanism is configured to channel the slurry downstream from the absorption unit. 1. A system for use in recovering carbon dioxide from a stream of gas , said system comprising:an absorption unit configured to receive the stream of gas and a stream of liquid absorbent, wherein the gas includes carbon dioxide and vaporized water, and the liquid absorbent is chemically reactive with the carbon dioxide to form a solidified carbon dioxide-rich absorbent material, wherein the gas and the liquid absorbent are mixed in said absorption unit such that a slurry that includes the solidified carbon dioxide-rich absorbent material and condensed water formed from the vaporized water is formed in said absorption unit; anda transport mechanism coupled in communication with said absorption unit, wherein said transport mechanism is configured to channel the slurry downstream from said absorption unit.2. The system in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said transport mechanism comprises at least one of a progressive cavity pump claim 1 , a diaphragm pump claim 1 , a positive displacement pump claim 1 , or an actuating piston device.3. The system in accordance with further comprising a source of liquid absorbent configured to channel the stream of liquid absorbent towards said absorption unit claim 1 , wherein the liquid absorbent ...

CHEMICAL SEQUESTERING OF CO2, NOx and SO2

The disclosure provides seven integrated methods for the chemical sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO) (collectively NO, where x=1, 2) and sulfur dioxide (SO) using closed loop technology. The methods recycle process reagents and mass balance consumable reagents that can be made using electrochemical separation of sodium chloride (NaCl) or potassium chloride (KCl). The technology applies to marine and terrestrial exhaust gas sources for CO, NOx and SO. The integrated technology combines compatible and green processes that capture and/or convert CO, NOx and SOinto compounds that enhance the environment, many with commercial value. 1. A method of chemically sequestering sulfur dioxide (SO) , nitrogen oxide (NO) , nitrogen dioxide (NO) and carbon dioxide (CO) by a loop sequence , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'a) providing a mixture of SO, NO, NO, CO, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and water (HO) in the one or more second reaction chambers;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '4, 'b) reacting SOwith NaOCl and HO to generate sodium chloride (NaCl) and sulfuric acid (HSO) in the mixture;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '3, 'c) reacting NO and NOwith NaOCl and HO to generate sodium nitrate (NaNO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the mixture;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '3, 'd) reacting COwith NaOCl and HO to generate hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) in the mixture;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'e) reacting NO and NOwith NaOH and NaOCl to generate sodium nitrite (NaNO) and HO in the mixture;'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'f) reacting COwith NaOH to provide NaHCOin the mixture;'}{'sub': 3', '2', '4, 'g) adding an alcohol solvent to the mixture, forcing the generated NaCl NaHCOand NaSOto precipitate, and removing the precipitate from the mixture;'}h) removing the alcohol solvent from the mixture;{'sub': 2', '3, 'i) adding a dialkyl ketone solvent to the mixture, forcing the generated NaNO, NaNOto precipitate, and removing the precipitate ...

Method for Removing SOx from Gas Using Polyol Composite Solution

A method for removing SOfrom a gas by using a polyol composite solution is provided. The polyol composite solution is made by mixing a polyol with an organic acid and/or organic acid salt, the polyol composite solution is brought into contact with the gas containing SOto absorb the SOin the gas, wherein x=2 and/or 3, and the polyol refers to an organic compound other than ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, which contains simultaneously two or more than two hydroxyl groups in a same organic molecule. 1. A method for removing SOfrom a gas , which comprises: bringing a polyol composite solution comprising a mixture of a polyol along with an organic acid and/or organic acid salt into contact with the gas containing SOto absorb the SOin the gas , wherein x=2 and/or 3; the polyol refers to an organic compound other than ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol , which contains simultaneously two or more than two hydroxyl groups in a same organic molecule.2. The method for removing SOfrom a gas according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , the polyol is selected from one or more of the following compounds: propanediol claim 1 , glycerol claim 1 , butanediol claim 1 , butanetriol claim 1 , isobutanediol claim 1 , isobutanetriol claim 1 , pentanediol claim 1 , pentanetriol claim 1 , pentanetetraol claim 1 , isopentanediol claim 1 , isopentanetriol claim 1 , isopentanetetraol claim 1 , polypropanol and polybutanol.3. The method for removing SOfrom a gas according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , the polyol composite solution further contains an appropriate amount of ethylene glycol claim 1 , or polyethylene glycol claim 1 , or a mixture of ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol claim 1 , the mass content thereof in the polyol composite solution is less than 30%.4. The method for removing SOfrom a gas according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , the organic acid includes an organic monoacid and an organic polyacid; the organic acid salt ...

Carbon dioxide scrubbing process

A cyclic process for separating CO 2 from a gas stream by contacting the gas stream at a first temperature and typically at a pressure of at least 30 barg with a CO 2 sorbent comprising an ionic liquid containing a potentially nucleophilic carbon atom bearing a relatively acidic hydrogen atom bonded to a potentially nucleophilic carbon atom to sorb CO 2 into the solution and regenerating the ionic liquid absorbent by treating the sorbent under conditions including a second, typically higher, temperature, to cause desorption of at least a portion of the CO 2 and to regenerate the ionic liquid.

Development of a novel high temperature stable scavenger for removal of hydrogen sulfide

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that are useful in removing, lowering the amount of, or otherwise controlling hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans. The compositions and methods can be used in any industry where hydrogen sulfide poses problems, such as when dealing with crude oil based, natural gas based, and/or coal based products. The present disclosure provides compositions and methods that can reduce the amount of or eliminate hydrogen sulfide in a variety of mediums.

Method for the selective removal of hydrogen sulfide

An absorbent for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide comprises a) an amine compound of the formula (I) in which X, R 1 to R 7 , x, y and z are as defined in the description; and b) a nonaqueous solvent; where the absorbent comprises less than 20% by weight of water. Also described is a process for selectively removing hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, wherein the fluid stream is contacted with the absorbent. The absorbent features high load capacity, high cyclic capacity, good regeneration capacity and low viscosity.

PROCESS FOR SEPARATING GASES FROM GAS MIXTURES USING HYDRO FLUORO ETHER

A process for something separating oxygen from air includes mixing the air with hydro fluoro ether in a closed vessel for a desired period of time so that the oxygen from the air is adsorbed into the hydro fluoro ether, discharging the oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether from the closed vessel, and flashing the oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether into a chamber so that so as to separate the oxygen from the hydro fluoro ether. Nitrogen is separated from the air as the oxygen is adsorbed in the hydro fluoro ether in the closed vessel. The step of flashing that includes passing the elevated pressure oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether across a restricting orifice so as to evaporate the oxygen from the hydro fluoro ether. 1. A process for separating oxygen from air , the process comprising:mixing air with hydro fluoro ether in a closed vessel for a desired period of time so that the oxygen from the air is adsorbed into the hydro fluoro ether;discharging the oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether from the closed vessel; andflashing the oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether into a chamber so as to separate the oxygen from the hydro fluoro ether.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:separating nitrogen from the air as the oxygen is adsorbed in the hydro fluoro ether within the closed vessel.3. The process of claim 2 , further comprising:discharging the nitrogen from the closed vessel.4. The process of claim 1 , the oxygen and the hydro fluoro ether being discharged at an elevated pressure claim 1 , the step of flashing comprising:flashing the elevated-pressure oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether across a restricting orifice; andevaporating the oxygen from the flashed elevated-pressure oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether.5. The process of claim 4 , further comprising:discharging the evaporated oxygen from the chamber.6. The process of claim 4 , the oxygen-adsorbed hydro fluoro ether being at a pressure of between 14.7 and 174.7 p.s.i.a. and at a temperature of between 32° and ...

GAS SEPARATION MATERIAL USING METAL COMPLEX AND GAS SEPARATION METHOD

A separation material and method for separating and recovering a target gas from a mixed gas including the target gas and a hydrocarbon gas that has the same number of carbon atoms as the target gas, the target gas being a hydrocarbon gas having 2 or 4 carbon atoms and a carbon-carbon double bond. This gas separation material includes: a metal complex containing a 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid; an ion of at least one type of metal (M); and an organic ligand (B) capable of bidentate coordination to the metal ion represented by general formula (1) or general formula (2), where (M), formula (1) and formula (2) are as defined herein. The metal complex has a composition represented by MAB where M is the ion of the metal (M), A is a 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylate dianion and B is the organic ligand (B) capable of bidentate coordination to the metal ion.

Process For Selectively Removing Hydrogen Sulphide From Gaseous Mixtures And Use Of A Thioalkanol For Selectively Removing Hydrogen Sulphide

A process for selectively removing hydrogen sulphide relative to carbon dioxide from a gaseous mixture containing at least hydrogen sulphide HS and carbon dioxide CO, includes a step of contacting the gaseous mixture with an absorbent solution including at least one amine, water, and at least one Cto Cthioalkanol. A use of the absorbent solution for selectively removing hydrogen sulphide relative to carbon dioxide from a gaseous mixture containing at least hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide, is disclosed. Disclosed is a use of at least one Cto Cthioalkanol as an additive in an absorbent solution including at least one amine, and water, for increasing the selectivity of the absorbent solution for the removal of hydrogen sulphide relative to carbon dioxide from a gaseous mixture containing at least hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. 1. A process for selectively removing hydrogen sulphide HS relative to carbon dioxide COfrom a gaseous mixture containing at least hydrogen sulphide HS and carbon dioxide CO , the process comprising contacting the gaseous mixture with an absorbent solution comprising at least one amine , water , and at least one Cto Cthioalkanol , wherein water is from 35% to 45% by weight.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the gaseous mixture includes claim 1 , besides HS and CO claim 1 , at least one other sulphur-containing compound preferably selected from mercaptans and carbonyl sulphide COS.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen sulphide content of the gaseous mixture to be treated is comprised between 30 ppm by volume and 40% by volume claim 1 , and the process further comprises claim 1 , after the contacting step claim 1 , lowering this content to 1 ppm by volume.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the COcontent of the gaseous mixture to be treated is comprised between 0.5% by volume and 80% by volume claim 1 , preferably between 1% by volume and 50% by volume.5. The process according to claim 4 , ...

Heavy Metal Remediation Via Sulfur-Modified Bio-Oils

We have now discovered a novel process for the removal or extraction of metal species from a variety of solid, liquid or gas phase materials. Metal species may be removed by contacting the material suspected of containing one or more metals with a thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof for a period of time and under conditions effective far the sequestration of the metal species by the thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof. The thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising sequestered metal species may then be separated and recovered from the treated material. Moreover, following the treatment of aqueous liquids or mixtures, or suspensions or dispersions of solids in aqueous liquids, the resultant thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising the sequestered metal species is insoluble in water and forms a separate layer from the aqueous liquid phase, which layer may be readily removed. 1. A process for the treatment of materials to remove metal species therefrom comprising contacting a material suspected of containing one or more metal species with a thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof for a period of time arid under conditions effective for sequestering metal species by said thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof and separating said thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising sequestered metal species from said material.2. The process of wherein said material comprises an aqueous liquid phase.32. The process of claim. wherein said separating comprises al lowing said claim 1 , thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising sequestered metal species to form a separate layer from said aqueous liquid phase and removing said separate layer.4. The process of wherein said thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof are insoluble in water.5. The process of wherein said material comprises a solid phase material and said contacting comprises mixing said material claim 1 , and said thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof.6. The process of wherein said material comprises ...