УСТАНОВКА ОБЕССЕРИВАНИЯ С УЛУЧШЕННЫМ КОНТАКТОМ ЖИДКОСТЬ/ТВЕРДАЯ ФАЗА

Установка для удаления серы из углеводородсодержащего потока текучей среды, содержащая реактор с псевдоожиженным слоем, который включает ряд разнесенных по вертикали усиливающих контакт элементов, расположенных горизонтально в реакционной зоне, где обессеривание усиливается улучшением контакта между углеводородсодержащим потоком текучей среды и поглощающими серу твердыми частицами. Согласно изобретению на упомянутой установке осуществляют способ обессеривания, включающий четыре стадии: контактирование углеводородсодержащего потока текучей среды с твердыми тонкодисперсными частицами сорбента; контактирование, по меньшей мере, части углеводородсодержащего потока и частиц сорбента с рядом дефлекторов; контактирование наполненных серой частиц сорбента с кислородсодержащим регенерирующим потоком; контактирование регенерированных частиц сорбента с водородсодержащим восстанавливающим потоком; дополнительно включена стадия контактирования указанных восстановленных частиц сорбента с углеводородсодержащим ...

СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ОБЕССЕРИВАНИЯ С МЕХАНИЗМОМ ПЕРЕНОСА СОРБЕНТА

Изобретение относится к способу и установке для удаления серы из содержащих углеводороды потоков текучей среды. Способ обессеривания включает стадии: а) контактирование углеводородсодержащего потока текучей среды с твердыми частицами сорбента в реакторе, (b) повышение давления в шлюзовом бункере реактора до давления наполнения, (с) транспортировку наполненных серой частиц сорбента из реактора в находящийся под давлением шлюзовой бункер реактора, (d) сброс давления в наполненном шлюзовом бункере под высоким давлением до давления выпуска, (е) транспортировку наполненных серой частиц сорбента из находящегося при низком давлении наполненного шлюзового бункера реактора в регенератор и (f) контактирование частиц сорбента с содержащим кислород регенерирующим потоком. Установка обессеривания содержит реактор с псевдоожиженным слоем сорбента, приемник реактора для приема наполненных серой частиц сорбента, шлюзовой бункер реактора, регенератор с псевдоожиженным слоем для приема наполненных серой ...

СПОСОБ СЖИГАНИЯ УГЛЯ (ВАРИАНТЫ), УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ СЖИГАНИЯ УГЛЯ И СПОСОБ УМЕНЬШЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА СЕРЫ И РТУТИ, ВЫДЕЛЯЮЩИХСЯ ПРИ СЖИГАНИИ УГЛЯ (ВАРИАНТЫ)

Изобретение относится к области охраны окружающей среды. Способ сжигания угля с уменьшением количества выбрасываемой в атмосферу ртути характеризуется добавлением в уголь жидкой сорбирующей композиции, содержащей бромид кальция, и твердой композиции, включающей алюмосиликатный материал и по меньшей мере один порошок, содержащий кальций, выбранный из группы, включающей портланд-цемент, цементную пыль, известняковую пыль, оксид кальция, гидрооксид кальция и карбонат кальция, подачей угля в печь для сгорания угля, сжиганием угля, содержащего сорбент, в печи для сгорания с образованием золы и газообразных продуктов сгорания, измерением уровня содержания ртути в газообразных продуктах сгорания и регулированием количества сорбирующей композиции, добавляемой в уголь, в зависимости от измеренного уровня содержания ртути. В уголь добавляют водный раствор бромида кальция процессом разбрызгивания. Жидкую сорбирующую композицию готовят, на 20-60 мас.% состоящую из бромида кальция. В состав жидкой сорбирующей ...

ОЧИСТКА ГОРЯЧЕГО ГАЗА

В заявке описаны способ и установки для обработки горячего неочищенного газа, генерируемого установкой газификации во взвешенном потоке. В установке последовательно по направлению потока горячего газа за газификатором подключено обессеривание, за ним подключено отделение твердых веществ, при этом за отделением твердых веществ парциальный поток газа подключен через водяное охлаждение, газоочиститель Вентури, охладитель неочищенного газа, а также отделение воды и компрессор, направление потока которых за газификатором перед установкой обессеривания охлажденным возвращается в циркуляционный контур. Изобретение позволяет охладить и обеспылить возвращенный парциальный поток газа. 3 н. и 14 з. п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГАЗООБРАЗНОГО АММИАКА И СОДЛЯ СИНТЕЗА МОЧЕВИНЫ

Изобретение относится к получению газообразного аммиака и COдля синтеза мочевины. Предлагается способ, в котором из металлургического газа (1), состоящего из газовой смеси, образованной из доменного газа и конвертерного газа, получают технологический газ (2), содержащий в качестве основных компонентов азот, водород и диоксид углерода. Далее указанный технологический газ (2) разделяют с получением газового потока (6), содержащего СО, и газовой смеси (5), состоящей по существу из Nи H. Затем из указанной газовой смеси (5) с помощью синтеза (7) аммиака получают газообразный аммиак (8), подходящий для синтеза (9) мочевины, и из указанного газового потока (6), содержащего СО, отводят СОс чистотой и в количестве, подходящих для синтеза (9) мочевины. Технический результат заключается в обеспечении эффективного способа получения газообразных исходных веществ для синтеза мочевины. 2 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил., 1 пр.

РЕГЕНЕРАЦИЯ ОСУШИТЕЛЯ В ОТКЛЮЧЕННОМ ОТ СИСТЕМЫ ОЧИСТИТЕЛЕ ПРОЦЕССА ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ПОЛИОЛЕФИНОВ

Система регенерации очистителя в системе производства полиолефинов, содержащая отключенный от системы очиститель, в который подают первую часть регенерирующего потока и осуществляют регенерацию осушителя в отключенном от системы очистителе с получением регенерированного исходящего потока, причем регенерирующий поток содержит регенерирующую среду, а регенерирующий исходящий поток содержит регенерирующую среду, воду и примесь; отстойник, в который подают по меньшей мере часть регенерирующего исходящего потока с получением регенерирующего потока и потока воды, причем поток воды содержит воду; и отпарное устройство, в которое подают вторую часть регенерирующего потока с получением потока примеси и технологического рециркулируемого потока, причем указанный поток примеси содержит по меньшей мере часть примеси, а технологический рециркулируемый поток содержит регенерирующую среду второй части регенерирующего потока. 2 н. и 20 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТАРНОЙ СЕРЫ, ПРИСУТСТВУЮЩЕЙ В ГАЗЕ

Изобретение относится к способу удаления элементарной серы, присутствующей в газе в форме пара и/или увлеченных частиц, в котором обрабатываемый газ охлаждают до температуры между точкой конденсации паров воды и 120oC. Обрабатываемый газ с температурой 120-300oC вводят в теплообменник в его нижнюю часть и с помощью температуры и/или скорости течения охлаждающей среды обеспечивают температуру стенки теплообменника ниже точки отверждения серы и выше точки конденсации воды, если какое-либо количество таковой присутствует в газе. Осажденная сера удаляется под действием гравитации в противоточном с обрабатываемым газом потоке. Процесс осуществляют в трубчатом или пластинчатом теплообменнике, расположенном вертикально или наклонно, 10 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

ОБРАБОТКА ХВОСТОВЫХ ГАЗОВ УСТАНОВКИ КЛАУСА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ОПТИМИЗИРОВАННОЙ ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТИ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ

... 1. Способ конверсии в H2S серосодержащих соединений, присутствующих в газе, содержащем H2S и серосодержащие соединения, причем данный способ включает следующие стадии: ! a) стадия А приведения в контакт упомянутого газа с газом-восстановителем в присутствии катализатора гидрирования, содержащего по меньшей мере кобальт и молибден и в качестве носителя оксид алюминия, причем сумма содержаний кобальта и молибдена в пересчете на оксиды находится в интервале от 3 до 25 мас.%, а площадь поверхности оксида алюминия составляет больше 140 м2/г; ! b) стадия В приведения в контакт по меньшей мере одной фракции газа, выходящего со стадии А, с катализатором, содержащим по меньшей мере один щелочноземельный металл, по меньшей мере одну легирующую добавку, выбранную из группы, состоящей из железа, кобальта и молибдена, и по меньшей мере одно соединение, выбранное из группы, состоящей из оксида титана и оксида циркония, причем содержание оксидов титана и/или циркония составляет больше 5% от массы катализатора ...

Обезвоживание серы

Группа изобретений относится к способу обезвоживания серы и устройству для его осуществления. Способ обезвоживания серы включает следующие этапы: подачу газообразной смеси при повышенной температуре в циклон, при этом газообразная смесь содержит газообразную серу и водяной пар, и осуществление циклонного разделения газообразной серы и водяного пара, содержащихся в газообразной смеси. При этом обогащенную газообразной серой фракцию получают из отверстия патрубка циклона и обогащенную водяным паром фракцию получают из разгрузочной насадки циклона. При этом указанная повышенная температура превышает температуру конденсации газообразной серы. Циклонное устройство для осуществления способа содержит по меньшей мере один циклон, включающий средства, которые принимают газообразную смесь, содержащую газообразную серу и водяной пар, подаваемую в по меньшей мере один циклон при повышенной температуре, при этом указанная повышенная температура превышает температуру конденсации газообразной серы, отверстие ...

СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ГАЗА

... 1. Способ очистки потока газа, включающий пропускание потока неочищенного газа для обработки через, по меньшей мере, один адсорбционный слой, содержащий, по меньшей мере, два слоя адсорбентов, выбранных из группы, состоящей из влагопоглотителя; цеолита или цеолита в его ионообменной форме, и активированного угля. ! 2. Способ по п.1, где данный поток газа представляет собой поток газообразного диоксида углерода. ! 3. Способ по п.1, где данный влагопоглотитель выбирают из группы, состоящей из цеолитов 4А, 5А, 13Х и NaY. ! 4. Способ по п.1, где данный цеолит представляет собой цеолит NaY или его ионообменные формы KY или KNaY. ! 5. Способ по п.1, где данный активированный уголь представляет собой пропитанный активированный уголь. ! 6. Способ по п.1, где дополнительно нагревают данный поток газа после прохождения потока газа через слой цеолита. ! 7. Способ по п.1, где пропускают данный неочищенный газ через единственный резервуар. ! 8. Способ по п.1, где пропускают данный неочищенный газ через ...

УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ И РЕГЕНЕРИРОВАНИЯ H2S ИЗ ГАЗОВОГО ПОТОКА

СПОСОБ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ КОКСОВОЙ ПЕЧИ

... 1. Способ эксплуатации коксовой печи, при котором возникающий в процессе коксования коксовый газ в виде полезного газа подают на материальную переработку, при этом от коксового газа отделяют водород, причем для создания, по меньшей мере, части необходимой для процесса коксования тепловой энергии в качестве горючего газа подают синтез-газ, который получают из ископаемого топлива посредством процесса газификации, отличающийся тем, что в качестве горючего газа используют первую долю полученного синтез-газа, при этом дополнительную долю полученного синтез-газа используют для дальнейшего синтеза с отделенным от коксового газа водородом.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве ископаемого топлива используют уголь.3. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что коксовый газ уплотняют и обессеривают, прежде чем из него будет удален водород, а затем от остаточных газовых компонентов отделены углеводороды.4. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что водород отделяют от коксового газа посредством ...

Entschwefelungs- und Entstickungskolonne

Zeolitisches Molekularsieb, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung

A zeolitic molecular sieve is described, the cavities of which are partially blocked. This partial blocking essentially concerns the beta cages which are preferably 50 to 100 % blocked. Preferred blocking agents are alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal salts with mono- or bivalent anions. The incorporation of these salts for partially blocking the cavities of the molecular sieve takes place during or after the synthesis of the zeolite. The zeolitic molecular sieve according to the invention is suitable for separating components from gases, in particular for purifying gases such as for example for desulphurizing natural gas.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Brennstoffen

Catalyst or sorbent beds

Shaped catalyst particle

Method for enhanced hydrocarbon recovery using captured acidic gas

Shaped catalyst particle

A catalyst particle comprises the form of a three-dimensional ellipsoidal shape having three major axes, at least two of which are of different lengths. All three axes may be different lengths. The particle may also have at least one intra-particle channel extending from a location on the surface of the particle to through the interior of the particle to a second location on the surface of the particle. There may be 1-24 channels, and may include a cavity which is in communication with the channels. A catalyst particle having the general shape of a sphere and comprising at least one intra-particle channel extending from a first location on the surface of the particle through the interior of the particle to a second location on the surface of the particle is also disclosed along with: a catalyst bed; and method of use of both types of particle.

Diesel oxidation catalyst having a capture region for exhaust gas impurities

An oxidation catalyst, such as a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprises a substrate 1, a capture material 2 for capturing at least one phosphorus containing impurity and/or at least one sulphur containing impurity in the exhaust gas, and a catalytic region 3 disposed on the substrate. The catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising platinum (Pt) and/or palladium (Pd). The capture material may be a molecular sieve comprising a base metal, such as at least one of iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni). The capture material and catalytic region may be provided in layers, with the capture layer disposed on the catalytic layer. The capture material may be provided in a zone on the catalytic layer or substrate, preferably at an inlet end of the substrate. Alternatively the capture material may be provided on an inlet end surface of the substrate. The catalytic region may comprise first and second catalytic layers or zones ...

Catalyst or sorbent beds

Defective metal-organic framework desulfurization adsorbent and its preparation method and use

A method of preparing a defective metal-organic framework suitable for use as a desulfurization adsorbent. The preparation method comprises initially dissolving trimesic acid and 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid in a solvent and sonicating them to form solution 1. Copper nitrate trihydrate is added to the solution to form solution 2. Solution 2 is then subjected to a microwave-assisted synthesis to obtain the desired metal-organic framework. The solvent can be one or more of water, anhydrous ethanol, N,N-dimethylformamide or acetone. Preferably the microwave-assisted synthesis involves heating from 20-35 °C to 95-105 °C at a rate of 4-6 °Cmin-1, maintaining this target temperature for between 10 and 20 min followed by a second heating step to between 115 and 125 °C at a rate of 1-2 °C and maintaining this temperature for 30 mins. A microwave power of between 500-1000 W is used. Preferably the molar ratio of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid and 5-HIPA is between 1-9 and 3-7. Post-treatment can ...

METHOD FOR REMOVING DUST AND SULPHUR OXIDES FROM PROCESS GASES

Fuel cell arrangement

Fuel cell arrangement having a sulphur filter 4 which is arranged upstream of sulphur-sensitive reformer parts 7 in the flow direction of a process gas, with sulphur- resistant components 2 being arranged upstream of the sulphur filter 4. In order to allow simple regeneration of the sulphur filter, the invention provides that a three-way valve 3 is positioned immediately upstream of the sulphur filter 4, the third connection of which three- way valve 3 is connected to a line 5, 5', 5'' which carries a regeneration gas containing oxygen, and a further three-way valve 6 is arranged immediately downstream from the sulphur filter 4, and an exhaust gas line 8 is connected to it. ...

BRENNSTOFFZELLENANORDNUNG

PROCEDURE FOR THE DISTANCE OF SULFUR CONNECTIONS FROM GASEOUS HYDROCARBONS OF MEANS ADSORBENTS

PROCEDURE FOR THE DECREASE OF THE POLLUTANT EMISSION WITH GLASS FURNACES

PROCEDURE FOR THE DISTANCE OF ELEMENTARY SULFUR FROM A GAS FLOW

PROCEDURE, DEVICE AND PLANT FOR TREATING FLUIDS AT LEAST ONE SCHÜTTGUTSCHICHT

Method and apparatus for gas destruction

A method for the destruction of a target gas, the method including: a) compressing at a first pressure a mixture of air and target gas to produce a compressed target gas mixture; b) destroying the target gas by combusting the compressed target gas mixture with diesel fuel in a forced-induction internal combustion engine, at a combustion pressure greater than the first pressure in the turbocharger, to produce an oxidised exhaust gas, the combustion occurring while maintaining a load on the diesel engine with a load bank; and c) processing the oxidised exhaust gas to produce a vent gas for venting to atmosphere where the vent gas includes substantially no target gas.

Co-electrolysis system and co-electrolysis method using the same

A co-electrolysis system includes: a carbon dioxide supply module configured to supply carbon dioxide; a carbon 5 dioxide heater configured to heat the carbon dioxide supplied from the carbon dioxide supply module; a reformer configured to supply a reformed gas containing hydrogen as a main component; a mixer configured to supply a feed gas by mixing the carbon dioxide and the reformed gas; a feed gas 10 heater configured to heat the feed gas discharged from the mixer; an air supply unit configured to supply an air; an air heater configured to heat the air supplied from the air supply unit; and a co-electrolysis stack configured to electrolyze the heated air and the heated feed gas to 15 produce a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components.

METHOD FOR PURIFYING HIGH-TEMPERATURE REDUCING GAS

Method and system for desulfurizing gasoline or diesel fuel for use in a fuel cell power plant

Chilled ammonia based CO2 capture system and method with water wash

A method and system for reducing an amount of ammonia in a flue gas stream. The system 100 includes: a wash vessel 180 for receiving an ammonia-containing flue gas stream 170, the wash vessel 180 including a first absorption stage 181a and a second absorption stage 181b, each of the first absorption stage 181a and the second absorption stage 181b having a mass transfer device 184; and a liquid 187 introduced to the wash vessel 180, the liquid 187 for absorbing ammonia from the ammonia-containing flue gas stream 170 thereby forming an ammonia-rich liquid 192 and a reduced ammonia containing flue gas stream 190 exiting the wash vessel 180.

Method for reclamation and/or separation of sulphur oxyfluorides from gas mixtures

Process and catalyst/sorber for treating sulfur compound containing effluent

REMOVAL OF SULPHUR COMPOUNDS FROM HYDROCARBON STREAMS USING ADSORBENTS AND REGENERATION OF THE LOADED ADSORBENTS

The invention concerns a process for the removal of sulphur compounds from a hydrocarbon stream, especially a gaseous hydrocarbon gas stream, comprising said sulphur compounds, which process comprises contacting said gas stream with an adsorbent comprising a zeolite having a pore diameter of at least 5 .ANG. to adsorb the sulphur compounds thereon, the adsorption process followed by a regeneration process of used, loaded adsorbent by contacting the said loaded adsorbent with a regeneration gas stream having a relative water humidity less than 100 %, especially less than 80 %. Suitably the regeneration is followed by a dry regeneration treatment. The invention further relates to a process for the regeneration of adsorbent comprising a zeolite having a pore diameter of at least 5 .ANG. loaded with sulphur compounds by contacting the adsorbent with a regeneration gas stream having a relative water humidity less than 100 %, especially less than 80 %. Suitably the regeneration is followed by ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SEPARATION/PURIFICATION OF FLUIDS UTILIZING RAPIDLY CYCLED THERMAL SWING

The present invention provides apparatus and methods for separating fluid components, for example, hydrogen. In preferred embodiments, the apparatus and methods utilize microchannel devices with small distances for heat and mass transfer to achieve rapid cycle times and surprisingly large volumes of fluid components separated in short times using relatively compact hardware.

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR REMOVING IMPURITIES FROM A GAS

A fluidized reactor system for removing impurities from a gas and an associated process are provided. The system includes a fluidized absorber for contacting a feed gas with a sorbent stream to reduce the impurity content of the feed gas; a fluidized solids regenerator for contacting an impurity loaded sorbent stream with a regeneration gas to reduce the impurity content of the sorbent stream; a first non-mechanical gas seal forming solids transfer device adapted to receive an impurity loaded sorbent stream from the absorber and transport the impurity loaded sorbent stream to the regenerator at a controllable flow rate in response to an aeration gas; and a second non-mechanical gas seal forming solids transfer device adapted to receive a sorbent stream of reduced impurity content from the regenerator and transfer the sorbent stream of reduced impurity content to the absorber without changing the flow rate of the sorbent stream.

MULTIPLE FIXED-FLUIDIZED BEDS FOR CONTAMINANT REMOVAL

The present disclosure relates generally to contaminant removal from gas streams. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a process for removing one or more contaminants from a gas stream via contact with a regenerable sorbent at high temperature and pressure, utilizing a unique arrangement of reactors operating in parallel.

METHOD FOR PURIFYING HIGH-TEMPERATURE REDUCING GAS

In a method for absorbing and removing sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide present in a high-temperature reducing gas using an absorbent, disclosed is a method for purifying a high-temperature reducing gas which is characterized in that: said method uses at least four towers of reactors filled with an absorbent and comprises four steps which are an absorption step for absorbing and removing sulfur compounds with an absorbent, a regeneration step for regenerating said absorbent using a gas containing oxygen, a cooling step after the regeneration step, and a reduction step for reducing said regenerated and cooled absorbent with a high-temperature reducing gas until the concentration of the reducing gas becomes uniform before and after passing through the absorbent; heat is continuously recovered from the high-temperature gas at the outlet of the regeneration reactor in said regeneration step; and the regeneration and absorption performance is thus stabilized. Also ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING SULFUR COMPOUND CONTAMINATED GAS STREAMS

FILTER

A filter comprises housing (101) containing adsorptive medium (122) which filters airflow (104). Medium (122) is held between webs of mesh (105, 106) having angled perforations. To prevent air bypassing medium (122) via any gaps between medium (122) and sidewalls (102, 103) a baffle is provided. The baffle may take the form of a flange (100) (angled, as shown, against the flow) or may be a perforated sheet. The filter may have further web (105a) upstream of web (105) and mechanical pre-filter (119) and electrostatic layer (121).

REGENERATION OF A DESICCANT IN AN OFF-LINE TREATER OF A POLYOLEFIN PRODUCTION PROCESS

Disclosed are embodiments of a method of regenerating a desiccant in an off-line treater of a polyolefin production process. The method may include a heating phase followed by a cooling phase. The heating phase may involve use of a regenerating gas made from heating a treated a recycle stream of the polyolefin production process to regenerate desiccant in an off-line treater. The cooling phase may involve thermosyphoning the regenerating gas, nitrogen, an olefin-free diluent, or combinations thereof in a closed-convection loop of the off-line treater.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING CARBON DIOXIDE IN COMBUSTION EXHAUST GAS

The present invention relates to a device and method for recovering carbon dioxide (also indicated as CO2 below) contained in combustion exhaust gas, more specifically, a device and method for reactively absorbing CO2 contained in combustion exhaust gas into an amine compound-containing absorption solution, a device and method that allows CO2 contained in the amine compound-containing absorption solution to be released therefrom, a device and method for evaporation separation of impurities contained in the amine compound-containing absorption solution, a device and method for performing a pretreatment such as desulfurization, dust removal and cooling on combustion exhaust gas, and a carbon dioxide recovery device and carbon dioxide recovery method using above devices and methods.

CARTRIDGE FOR TREATING A GAS

Cartridge for the treatment of a gas by reaction with a reactive substance, comprising a cohesive assembly of alveolate cells that are at least partly filled with the reactive substance, the alveolate cells possessing one part of their wall which is permeable to the gas and impermeable to the reactive substance, said wall part being intended to be in contact with the gas.

SEPARATING IMPURITIES FROM A GAS STREAM USING A VERTICALLY ORIENTED CO-CURRENT CONTACTING SYSTEM

A vertically oriented co-current contacting system and methods for separating impurities from a gas stream including a vertically oriented co-current contactor (VOCC) located in-line within a pipe, a vertically oriented mixer (VOM) including an annular support ring configured to maintain the VOM within the pipe, a number of radial blades configured to allow a liquid stream to flow into the VOM, and a central gas entry cone configured to allow a gas stream to flow through a hollow section within the VOM, a vertically oriented mass transfer section downstream of the VOM. The VOM and the vertically oriented mass transfer section provide for efficient incorporation of liquid droplets including impurities from the gas stream formed from the liquid stream into the gas stream. The vertically oriented co-current contacting system also includes a separation system configured to remove the liquid droplets.

GAS TURBINE INLET GAS PHASE CONTAMINANT REMOVAL

A sorption arrangement for a gas turbine includes a sorbent-laden media. The sorbent-laden media is positioned within an inlet system for the gas turbine. The sorbent-laden media includes one or more sorbents. The sorbent-laden media contacts inlet air passing through the inlet system for the gas turbine such that gas phase contaminants are removed from the inlet air by the sorbent-laden media. A method of removing gas phase contaminants within an inlet system of a gas turbine is provided.

LIGHT GAS SEPARATION PROCESS AND SYSTEM

The present invention relates in one respect to a process for separating light gas components, preferably helium, from a stream containing predominantly carbon dioxide, and in another respect is directed to a process for purifying a feed stream containing predominantly carbon dioxide into a high grade carbon dioxide product stream using a warm distillation process as the primary carbon dioxide separation step.

SEPARATING CARBON DIOXIDE AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE FROM A NATURAL GAS STREAM USING CO-CURRENT CONTACTING SYSTEMS

... ²Systems and methods for separating CO2 and H2S from a natural gas stream are ²provided herein. The system includes a first loop of co-current contacting ²systems configured ²to remove H2S and CO2 from a natural gas stream and a second loop of co-²current contacting ²systems configured to remove the H2S from the CO2.² ...

PROCESS FOR MANAGING SULPHUR SPECIES

This disclosure relates to a method of managing a sulphur-containing species from a sour liquid, the method comprising: providing a sour liquid comprising sulphur-containing species; introducing a halogen-based catalyst to the sour liquid, the halogen-based catalyst being complexed with a second species; introducing an oxidant to the sour liquid; and reacting the sulphur-containing species, the halogen-based catalyst and the oxidant. The second species may be an ethoxylate or propoxylate species. The disclosure also relates to a composition comprising a sour liquid, a hydrogen-based catalyst complexed with a second species, and an oxidant, a use of a halogen-based catalyst that is complexed with a second species for the treatment of a sulphur-containing species in a sour liquid, and a composition containing a halogen-based catalyst that is complexed with a second species in a suitable carrier for use in the treatment of a sulphur-containing species in a sour liquid.

COMBUSTION EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD OF TREATING COMBUSTION EXHAUST GAS

A combustion exhaust gas treatment system comprising: a heat exchanger (A) for recovering heat contained in the combustion exhaust gas into heat medium, an absorption column for obtaining CO2 removed gas by absorbing CO2 in the combustion exhaust gas into. absorbent, a heat exchanger (B) for applying heat recovered by heat medium to the CO2 absorbed absorbent, a desorption column for desorbing the absorbent by removing CO2 from the CO2 absorbed absorbent, a flash tank for flash vaporizing the desorbed absorbent and a heat exchanger (E) for transferring heat from the desorbed absorbent to the CO2 absorbed absorbent, wherein the CO2 absorbed.absorbent can be supplied from the absorption column to the desorption column via the heat exchanger (E) and the heat exchanger (B) in this order, and the desorbed absorbent can be supplied from the desorption column to the absorption column via the flash tank and the heat exchanger (E) in this order.

PURIFICATION OF FUELES

DISTRIBUTED HYDROGEN EXTRACTION SYSTEM

A hydrogen extraction system is provided. The extraction system can comprise a compressor for compressing a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and a desulfurization unit for receiving the compressed gas mixture. The system can also comprise a hydrogen-extraction device for receiving a reduced-sulfur gas mixture and a hydrogen storage device for receiving an extracted hydrogen gas. A method of extracting hydrogen from a gas mixture comprising natural gas and hydrogen, and a method of determining an energy price are also provided.

TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A FLUE GAS FROM A COMBUSTION PROCESS

The treatment system (2) for a flue gas from a combustion process comprises a condenser (4), a compressor (5) for compressing the flue gas deprived of moisture at the condenser (4), a NO2 scrubber column (6) supplied with the compressed flue gas from the compressor (5), a liquid supply line (7) for supplying liquid condensed at the condenser (4) to the NO2 scrubber column (6), a liquid recirculation line (8) for recirculating liquid from the NO2 scrubber column (6) to the condenser (4).

PROCESS FOR SEPARATING OFF ACID GASES FROM A WATER-COMPRISING FLUID STREAM

A method for separating acid gases from an aqueous flow of fluid is described, according to which method a) the aqueous flow of fluid is brought into contact in an absorption area with an absorbent which contains at least one amine, wherein a deacidified flow of fluid and an absorbent charged with acid gases are obtained; b) the deacidified flow of fluid is brought into contact in a washing area with an aqueous washing fluid in order to transfer, at least partially, carried amine into the washing fluid, wherein a deaminated, deacidified flow of fluid and an amine-charged washing fluid are obtained; c) the deaminated, deacidified flow of fluid is cooled downstream of the washing area, wherein an absorber top condensate is condensed out of the deaminated, deacidified flow of fluid; d) the charged absorbent is guided into a desorption area in which the acid gases are at least partially released, wherein a regenerated absorbent and desorbed acid gases are obtained; e) the regenerated absorbents ...

Sulfide-Oxidizing Bacteria and Process Therewith

IMPROVED SOLID FILTRATION MEDIA INCORPORATING ELEVATED LEVELS OF PERMANGANATE AND WATER

An improved filtration media, method of preparing the media, and method of treating a fluid stream with the media are disclosed. The improved media comprises a substrate having elevated levels of permanganate and water in one embodiment. More specifically, the improved media comprises a porous substrate impregnated with at least approximately 5 % permanganate, and at least approximately 10 % water, by weight. In another embodiment, the media further comprises sodium bicarbonate. Improved efficiency of removal of undesirable compounds such as hydrogen sulfide is achieved.

Biogas cleansing comprises removing water and sulfur, followed by compression, methane enrichment and carbon dioxide reduction, and then gas analysis

A process for cleansing biogas from the continuous anaerobic and thermophilic fermentation of biological household, industrial and garden waste by methane gas enrichment, comprises obtaining the biogas from a fermenter (10), removing water and sulfur in two or more steps, followed by compression, and then methane enrichment and carbon dioxide reduction in an adsorber unit . The cleansed gas is stored in a buffer container and is then supplied to a gas system (90). The gas is analyzed before it is supplied to the gas system, and is fed to a compressor (20) and to the adsorber unit (40) as long as the methane concentration is below a threshold value. Once the latter is exceeded, the gas is supplied to the gas system. The arrangement used to carry out the process consists of a fermenter, a film tank, an active carbon filter, a pressure changing adsorption unit with a compressor and cold drier, and a buffer container ...

METHOD OF CLEANING SYNGAS

METHOD OF REMOVING FROM GAS STREAMS SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS, INCLUDING HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND MERCAPTANS

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ОЧИСТКИ БИОГАЗА ДЛЯ УДАЛЕНИЯ МЕТАНА

Изобретение относится к способу очистки для удаления метана, в котором компоненты, содержащиеся в биогазе, такие как диоксид углерода, соединения серы и аммиака, удаляют в ходе нескольких этапов процесса, и к соответствующей системе для осуществления способа. Цель обеспечения способа очистки биогаза для удаления метана, который характеризуется низким потреблением энергии и позволяет увеличить содержание метана, по крайней мере, на 10 %, достигается следующим образом: на первом этапе очистки диоксид углерода, сероводород, аммиак и другие водорастворимые органические вещества, присутствующие в сыром газе, удаляют в промывной колонне К1 при стандартном давлении или при избыточном давлении до 6 бар с помощью пресной воды, при этом метановый газ, имеющий содержание метана, по крайней мере, 65 %, удаляется из головы промывочной колонны К1. Растворенные в промывочной воде метан и диоксид углерода последовательно удаляют из загрязненной промывочной воды, выпускаемой из промывочной ступени К1, в ...

КАРТРИДЖ ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ГАЗА

Раскрыт картридж для обработки газа за счет реагирования с химически активным веществом, содержащий связный комплекс сотовидных ячеек, по меньшей мере частично заполненных химически активным веществом; причем одна часть стенки сотовидных ячеек газопроницаемая и непроницаемая для химически активного вещества; при этом упомянутая часть стенки предназначена для контактирования с газом.

Устройство для обработки газов, в частности для сушки природного или биологического газа

Устройство для выделения компонентов газовой смеси с помощью адсорбции в твердое основание и возможности термической регенерации твердого основания содержит газонепроницаемое полое тело (1), которое образует реакционное пространство для адсорбции, твердое основание (4), расположенное в газонепроницаемым полом теле (1), способное адсорбировать, по крайней мере, один компонент газа, по крайней мере, частично, первое отверстие (2), подходящее для ввода газовой смеси в газонепроницаемое полое тело (1), второе отверстие (3), подходящее для вывода газовой смеси из газонепроницаемого полого тела (1) и, по крайней мере, один электрод (5, 6), соединенный с высокочастотным генератором (8) с частотой от 1 до 50 МГц. По крайней мере, один электрод (5, 6) выполнен как часть газонепроницаемого полого тела (1) и / или связан с ним с электрической проводимостью, и / или, по крайней мере, одна часть электрода (5, 6) расположена внутри твердого основания (4), и при этом рядом со вторым отверстием (3) в твердом ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A SORBENT AND METHOD OF DESULFURIZATION

COMBINED MEMBRANE AND PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION METHOD FOR RECOVERY OF HELIUM

ABSORBENT AND METHOD FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE

IMPROVED METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR CLEANING CARBON DIOXIDE WITH THE USE OF LIQUID CARBON DIOXIDE

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVAL CONTAMINANTS FROM GAS FLOWS

СПОСОБ СНИЖЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА СЕРНИСТЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ, ЦИАНИСТОГО ВОДОРОДА И МУРАВЬИНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ В СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗЕ

Способ снижения количества сернистых соединений, цианистого водорода, муравьиной кислоты и производных муравьиной кислоты в синтез-газе, содержащем эти соединения, включающий контактирование синтез-газа с материалом, содержащим абсорбент серы, а затем с катализатором, содержащим один или более металлов, выбранных из группы, состоящей из серебра, золота, меди, палладия, платины и их смесей, и нанесенных на носитель, содержащий по меньшей мере один из оксидов скандия, иттрия, лантана, церия, титана, циркония, алюминия, цинка, хрома и молибдена.

Method for preparing natural air freshener

Pelletizing smoke gas low-temperature desulfurization and denitrification method

Method for producing sorbents for CO2 capture under high temperatures

Design and operation methods for pressure swing adsorption systems

Process for Removing Sulphur from Gases

METHOD FOR DISTILLATION OF A GAS STREAM CONTAINING OXYGEN

CASSETTE TO TREAT A GAS

TIRE PRESSURE WARNING SYSTEM TO PREVENT REVERSE WITH AN ABSORBENT SOLUTION-BASED AMINO ETHERS SUCH AS BIS - (3 A-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPOXY) - 1.2-URETHANE LINKAGES

GAS PURIFICATION APPARATUS

FREEZING ALLOWING THE SEPARATION AND/OR THE PURIFICATION OF GASES

L'invention concerne un gel permettant la séparation et/ou la purification des gaz comprenant (i) un cation métallique, (ii) un support poreux comprenant des groupements échangeurs de cations, (iii) un agent gélifiant, et (iv) un solvant, ainsi que des dispositifs intégrant un tel gel.

Process and installation to separate the undesirable impurities, and surtour water and the more particular carbon dioxide ement starting from gases of protection

CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS USEFUL FOR FLUID STORAGE/DISPENSING, DESULFURIZATION, AND INFRARED RADIATION EMISSION, AND APPARATUS AND METHODS UTILIZING SAME

목적 가스의 정제 방법 및 정제 장치

... 본 발명은, 압력 변동 흡착법을 이용해서 목적 성분을 함유하는 혼합 가스로부터 목적 가스를 정제함에 있어서, 고순도 목적 가스를 효율적으로 회수하면서 흡착제의 정제 능력을 저하시키는 불순물 성분에 의한 영향을 방지하는 것을 과제로 한다. 본 발명의 방법은, 불순물 성분을 선택적으로 흡착하는 흡착제가 충전된 복수의 흡착 유닛을 이용해서 행하는 압력 변동 흡착법에 의해, 흡착 유닛이 상대적으로 고압인 상태에서, 흡착 유닛에 혼합 가스를 도입해서 해당 혼합 가스 중의 불순물 성분을 흡착제에 흡착시켜, 해당 흡착 유닛으로부터 상기 목적 성분이 풍부화된 가스를 배출하는 흡착 공정과, 흡착 유닛을 감압시켜 해당 흡착 유닛으로부터 가스를 배출하는 감압 공정을 포함하는 사이클을 흡착 유닛의 각각에 있어서 반복해서 행하며, 각 흡착 유닛은, 직렬로 연결된 제1 및 제2 흡착조(10A 내지 10D, 20A 내지 20D)를 포함하고, 감압 공정에 있어서, 제1 및 제2 흡착조 사이에 설치된 개폐 밸브(16)에 의해, 제1 및 제2 흡착조가 연통하는 상태와 연통하지 않는 상태로 전환한다.

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR REMOVING IMPURITIES FROM A GAS

METHOD FOR ENABLING THE PROVISION OF PURIFIED CARBON DIOXIDE

The invention provides a method for enabling the provision of purified carbon dioxide for direct use in operations requiring purified carbon dioxide, the method comprising passing impure carbon dioxide through various purification units for the removal of sulfur compounds, oxygenates, and aromatics. The present invention provides for a carbon dioxide supply systems, method and apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide and method for providing backup carbon dioxide. Sulfur species and other impurities are removed from the carbon dioxide by adsorption and reaction means. © KIPO & WIPO 2008 ...

산성 가스의 포집 및 방출 방법

... 일 실시예에서, 본 발명은 조성물 내로 적어도 하나의 산성가스 포집, 그 가스를 상기 조성물로부터 방출, 및 이어서 재사용을 위한 상기 조성물의 재생 방법을 제공한다. 상기 방법은: (a) 적어도 하나의 카르복실산 염과, 적어도 하나의 물과 혼합되는 비-수계 용매를 포함하는 포집용 조성물과 접촉시킴으로써, 적어도 하나의 산성가스를 포집하는 단계; (b) 적어도 하나의 양성자성 용매 또는 제제를 상기 조성물에 첨가함으로써 상기 적어도 하나의 산성가스를 방출시키는 단계; 및 (c) 상기 조성물로부터 상기 첨가된 양성자성 용매 또는 제제를 일부 또는 완전히 제거함으로써 포집용 조성물을 재생하는 단계 를 차례로 행하는 것을 포함한다. 선택적으로는, 상기 포집용 조성물은 적어도 하나의 카르복실산 염, 및 적어도 하나의 물과 혼합되는 비수성 용매를 포함하며, 추가로 물 또는 다른 양성자성 용매를 포함한다. 또 다른 태양에서는, 본 발명의 조성물은 적어도 하나의 양성자성 용매 또는 제제를 포함하고, 상기 적어도 하나의 산성가스의 방출은 공기 흐름으로써 상기 조성물에 가열이나 탈거를 행하여 이루어진다. 본 방법은 전형적으로 이산화탄소의 포집 및 뒤이은 방출에 적용되며, 저렴한 소비재를 사용하는 편리하고 간단한 방법과, 종래 기술에 비해 현저한 이익을 제공한다.

Separating carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from a natural gas stream using co-current contacting systems

Systems and methods for separating CO2 and H2S from a natural gas stream are provided herein. The system includes a first loop of co-current contacting systems configured to remove H2S and CO2 from a natural gas stream and a second loop of co-current contacting systems configured to remove the H2S from the CO2.

Method for removing vapor, gases or water from air in an inside space, and air treatment module

A robust, relatively simple air quality control system that can control the air quality in buildings during both the heating and cooling seasons. In one illustrative embodiment, a first air stream is directed through an air treatment module and back into the inside space. A desiccant in the air treatment module adsorbs water, volatile organic compounds and/or particulate material from the first air stream. A second air stream is then directed through the air treatment module to a location outside of the inside space. The second air stream is preferably heated relative to the first air stream so that at least a portion of the adsorbed water, volatile organic compounds and/or particulate material are desorbed from the desiccant into the second air stream. The second air stream carries the desorbed water, volatile organic compounds and/or particulate material to a location outside the inside space.

PROCESS FOR REMOVING HARMFUL SUBSTANCES FROM LIQUID CARBON DIOXIDE AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMANCE THEREOF

A process for removing harmful substances from a gas stream which comprises essentially carbon dioxide CO2, and also comprises substances of value, such as at least one of the gases hydrogen H2, carbon monoxide CO, nitrogen N2 or noble gases, and harmful substances such as a substance from the group of mercury, sulphur, mercury compounds or sulphur compounds, wherein a carbon dioxide condensation is performed in order to obtain liquid carbon dioxide, adsorptive removal of the harmful substances from the condensed carbon dioxide is performed to remove the harmful substances from the carbon dioxide, and a process temperature of less than -30°C but greater than -70°C is maintained.

METHOD FOR REMOVING CONTAMINANTS FROM GAS FLOWS CONTAINING WATER

The invention relates to adsorbents for removing contaminants from gas flows containing water, particularly for use in fuel cell systems, wherein the adsorbents contain oxides of elements selected from the group Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn, Mg, Ba, Zr, Ce, La or combinations of said elements, at a copper oxide content of at least 30 wt %, and have pore volumes of less than 0.175 ml.g-1 for pores having a radius of less than 20 nm.

ABSORBENT SOLUTION BASED ON N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYLHEXANE-1,6-DIAMINE AND AN AMINE HAVING PRIMARY OR SECONDARY AMINE FUNCTIONS, AND PROCESS FOR REMOVING ACID COMPOUNDS FROM A GASEOUS EFFLUENT

The invention relates to the removal of acid compounds in a gaseous effluent in an absorption process that uses an aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine formulated with a specific primary or secondary amine, making it possible to obtain a single-phase absorbent solution under conditions for absorbing acid gases such as CO2. The invention advantageously applies to the treatment of natural gas and industrial gas.

MULTIPLE FIXED-FLUIDIZED BEDS FOR CONTAMINANT REMOVAL

The present disclosure relates generally to contaminant removal from gas streams. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a process for removing one or more contaminants from a gas stream via contact with a regenerable sorbent at high temperature and pressure, utilizing a unique arrangement of reactors operating in parallel.

PRODUCTION OF LOW SULFUR SYNGAS FROM NATURAL GAS WITH C¨4+?/C¨5+? HYDROCARBON RECOVERY

Sour natural gas is processed to remove the sulfur compounds and recover C4+/C5+ hydrocarbons by scrubbing the gas with an amine solution to remove most of the sulfur, followed cooling the gas to remove C4+/C5+ hydrocarbons and more sulfur compounds as liquid condensate to produce a gas having less than 20 vppm of total sulfur. The condensate is sent to a fractionator to recover the C4+/C5+ hydrocarbons. The sulfur and hydrocarbon reduced gas is contacted first with zinc oxide and then nickel, to produce a gas having less than 10 vppb of total sulfur which is passed into a synthesis gas generating unit to form a very low sulfur synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H2 and CO. This synthesis gas is useful for hydrocarbon synthesis with increased life of the hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst and greater hydrocarbon production from the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor. Contacting the synthesis gas with zinc oxide further reduces the sulfur content to below 3 vppb.

ADSORBENT FILTER MATERIAL

The invention relates to a filter material that has adsorbent characteristics and consists of a carrier layer and a first adsorbing layer which is connected to said carrier layer. The filter material is characterised in that said material is additionally provided with a second or a second and third adsorbing layer. All adsorbing layers form an entire adsorbing support. One or two of the adsorbing layers preferably consist/s of an impregnated activated carbon material. One or two of the adsorbing layers preferably consist/s of ion exchanger materials. Activated carbon material is added and the undesired trace emission of agents is thus suppressed and the unavoidable degassing product of remaining monomers from the polymer frame is thus collected. The use of ion exchangers results in a particularly advantageous prolongation of service life, whereby efficiency of the filter material is high.

PRETREATMENT AND REGENERATION OF OXIDES OF MANGANESE

The invention relates to systems and processes for treating particulate oxides of manganese useful as oxidizing sorbents for capturing or removing target pollutants from industrial gas streams, including, but not limited to, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxide (SOx), mercury (Hg), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), other totally reduced sulfides (TRS), and oxides of carbon (CO and CO2) gases. Oxides of manganese are washed an aqueous oxidizing solution, which may be adjusted as necessary to maintain the oxidizing solution a desired range of pH (acidity) and Eh (oxidizing potential) within the MnO2 stability area for aqueous solutions. The resulting treated oxides of manganese are equally or more efficient as sorbents as the oxides of manganese processed with the invention.

Removal of sulfur from process streams

A process utilizing a sorbent in a manner which provides a greater and more efficient utilization of the sorbent for the removal of sulfur, or sulfur-containing compounds, from a process stream wherein a sulfur-containing process stream is passed through a fixed-bed of sorbent from one side of the bed to the opposite side, sulfur removed, and passage of the sulfur-containing process stream through said fixed-bed of sorbent continued to breakthrough of sulfur from the exit side of the bed. Then the direction of flow of the sulfur-containing process stream is reversed without desorption of the sulfur from the sorbent, and passage of the sulfur-containing process stream in said reverse direction through the bed again continued until breakthrough of sulfur from the side of the sorbent bed opposite the former entry side. In a preferred embodiment, two or more of the fixed-beds of sorbent are staged, or placed in series.

Desulfurizing and denitrating tower

A desulfurizing and denitrating apparatus wherein an inner space of a tower body, which has an introduction port for a gas to be processed and a processed gas discharge port formed respectively in opposite side walls, is partitioned in a direction from the side wall having the processed gas introduction port toward the side wall having the processed gas discharge port by an inlet louver, a perforated plate and an outlet louver all extending vertically parallel to each other, a constant-rate discharging device for setting a moving speed of a carbon-base adsorbent in a small chamber defined between the inlet louver and the perforated plate and a constant-rate discharging device for setting a moving speed of a carbon-base adsorbent in a large chamber defined between the perforated plate and the outlet louver are provided, the moving speed of the carbon-base adsorbent in the small chamber is set to be 2 to 4 times greater than an average moving speed, and the distance from the inlet louver ...

Process for recovering sulfur hexafluoride

The present invention relates to a process for recovering sulfur hexafluoride ("SF6"). More specifically, the invention provides a pressure swing adsorption-desorption process for recovering SF6 from a gas stream using zeolites, activated carbons, or silicalites to adsorb the SF6.

DESULFURIZATION ABSORPTION TOWER

A desulfurization absorption tower, a method for setting up the same and a method for operating the same. The lower may include an internal anti-corrosion layer that may be used for contacting the flue gas and the desulfurization absorption liquid, may define the tower chamber, and may include stainless steel plate whose thickness is 1.0 mm to 6.0 mm. The tower body may include an external supporting layer that may be used for supporting the anti-corrosion layer and may include carbon steel. The supporting layer and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to jointly bear a load, wherein the supporting layer may be designed to bear a large part of the load, and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to bear a small part of the load.

Process for removing sulphur-containing, nitrogen-containing and halogen-containing impurities contained in a synthesis gas

The invention relates to a process for finally removing sulphur-containing, nitrogen-containing and halogen-containing impurities contained in a synthesis gas, said process including: a) a joint step for hydrolysing COS and HCN contained in the gas and for collecting the halogen-containing compounds, using a TiO 2 -based catalyst, b) a washing step using a solvent, c) a step for desulphurisation on a collecting or adsorbing mass. The synthesis gas purified in accordance with the process of the invention contains less than 10 ppb by weight, less than 10 ppb by weight of nitrogen-containing impurities and less than 10 ppb by weight of halogen-containing impurities.

Separation of a Sour Syngas Stream

A feed stream, comprising hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ) and, optionally, carbon monoxide (CO), is separated into at least a CO 2 product stream and an H 2 or H 2 and CO product stream. The stream is separated using a pressure swing adsorption system, an H 2 S removal system and a further separation system, which systems are used in series to separate the stream. The method has particular application in the separation of a sour (i.e. sulphur containing) syngas, as for example produced from the gasification of solid or heavy liquid carbonaceous feedstock.

USE OF A TiO2- BASED COMPOSITION FOR CAPTURING HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS CONTAINED IN A GASEOUS MIXTURE

The invention is concerned with the use of a TiO 2 -based composition for capturing halogenated compounds contained in a gaseous mixture, said composition comprising between 10 wt. % and 100 wt. % of TiO 2 and between 1 wt. % and 30 wt. % of at least one sulfate of an alkaline-earth metal selected from calcium, barium, strontium and magnesium.

Method for producing sorbents for co2 capture under high temperatures

A method of producing a CO 2 adsorbent and CO 2 adsorbents. The method including the steps of: (a) producing a mixture of at least one calcium salt and at least one metal support cation in at least one solvent; (b) drying the mixture to produce a solid containing a calcium metal salt; and (c) calcining the dried solid to produce a sorbent of calcium oxide dispersed in a porous metal support.

Process for purifying natural gas and regenerating one or more adsorbers

One exemplary embodiment can be a process for purifying a natural gas by using first and second adsorbers. The process may include passing a feed including the natural gas through the first adsorber to obtain a purified natural gas product, regenerating the second adsorber in a heating stage, and regenerating the second adsorber in a cooling stage. The heating stage may include separating a portion of the feed comprised in a regeneration gas, passing the regeneration gas to a dryer for removing water, heating the regeneration gas with a heater after exiting the dryer, and passing the regeneration gas to the second adsorber to regenerate the second adsorber. The cooling stage may include expelling at initiation of cooling at least a part of a fluid present in the second adsorber to the dryer to desorb water from a molecular sieve in the dryer, and cooling the second adsorber by circulating the regeneration gas bypassing the heater.

Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods

In some embodiments, the invention provides systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components of waste gas streams, comprising contacting the waste gas stream with an aqueous solution, removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components from the waste gas stream, and containing the carbon dioxide and/or additional components, in one form or another, in a composition. In some embodiments, the composition is a precipitation material comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or carbonates and bicarbonates. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises carbonate and/or bicarbonate co-products resulting from co-processing SOx, NOx, particulate matter, and/or certain metals. Additional waste streams such as liquid, solid, or multiphasic waste streams may be processed as well.

Method of treating an off-gas stream and an apparatus therefor

The present invention provides a method of treating an off-gas stream ( 80 ) comprising NH 3 and H 2 S to provide a sulphate stream ( 910 ), the method comprising the steps of: (i) providing a first off-gas stream ( 80 ) comprising NH 3 , H 2 S, CO 2 and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS 2 ; (ii) passing the first off-gas stream ( 80 ) to an incinerator ( 300 ) to oxidise NH 3 , H 2 S, and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS 2 to provide a second off-gas stream ( 310 ) comprising N 2 , H 2 O, SO 2 and CO 2 ; (iii) scrubbing the second off-gas stream ( 310 ) with a first aqueous alkaline stream ( 380, 876 a ) in a caustic scrubber ( 350 ) to separate SO 2 and a part of the CO 2 from the second off-gas stream to provide a spent caustic stream ( 360 ) comprising carbonate and one or both of sulphite and bisulphite and a caustic scrubber off-gas stream ( 370 ) comprising N 2 and CO 2 ; and (iv) passing the spent caustic stream ( 360 ) to an aerator ( 900 ) comprising sulphur-oxidising bacteria in the presence of oxygen to biologically disc sulphite and bisulphite to sulphate to provide a sulphate stream ( 910 ).

Process for producing a purified synthesis gas stream

A process for producing a purified synthesis gas stream from a feed synthesis gas stream comprising besides the main constituents carbon monoxide and hydrogen also hydrogen sulphide, HCN and/or COS, the process comprising the steps of: (a) removing HCN and/or COS by contacting the feed synthesis gas stream with a catalyst in a HCN/COS reactor in the presence of steam/water, to obtain a synthesis gas stream depleted in HCN and/or in COS; (b) converting hydrogen sulphide in the synthesis gas stream depleted in HCN and/or in COS to elemental sulphur, by contacting the synthesis gas stream with an aqueous reactant solution containing solubilized Fe(III) chelate of an organic acid, at a temperature below the melting point of sulphur, and at a sufficient solution to gas ratio and conditions effective to convert H 2 S to sulphur and inhibit sulphur deposition, to obtain a synthesis gas stream depleted in hydrogen sulphide; (c) removing carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas stream depleted in hydrogen sulphide, to obtain the purified synthesis gas stream and a gas stream enriched in CO 2 .

Method and apparatus for removing contaminant from fluid

Methods, apparatus, and systems for removing contaminant in a fluid (e.g., chemical and petrochemical gas streams) using nanostructures of a sorbent material coated on plates such as a silicon wafer. A plurality of such coated plates can be assembled to form a sorption structure having channels between the plates. When a fluid containing the contaminant is directed through the channels, the contaminant is adsorbed by the nanostructures of the sorbent material.

Hydrogen sulfide conversion to hydrogen

A process and system for substantially eliminating contaminants from a gas and a gas produced therefrom.

Separation of gases

A process for separating a mixture of gases into a relatively condensable first component and a relatively non-condensable second component is provided. The first component comprises one or more gases selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, carbonyl sulphide and hydrogen sulphide and the second component one or more gases selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen and synthesis gas. The process itself comprises the following steps: (a) compressing and cooling a mixture of said first and second components in at least one compressor and at least one heat exchanger to a temperature and elevated pressure at which the first components condense and a two-phase gas-liquid mixture is formed; (b) separating the two phase mixture so formed into separate liquid first and gaseous second component fractions in a fractionation unit; (c) extracting residual first component from the separated gaseous second component fraction by scrubbing the second component at elevated pressure with a solvent (e.g. methanol) in a scrubber. In examples, the method further includes one or more steps of warming and expanding the gaseous second component fraction using at least one heat exchanger to exchange heat with a process stream and at least one turbo-expander capable of recovering mechanical work. The process described is highly energy efficient and is especially useful in hydrogen power plants, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycles (IGCC) and for sweetening sour natural gas.

Acid gas absorbent composition

This invention provides novel compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO 2 , H 2 S, RSH, CS 2 , COS, and SO.

Process For Reducing Contaminants In An Industrial Fluid Stream

This invention provides novel processes utilizing compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO 2 , H 2 S, RSH, CS 2 , COS, and SO 2 .

Rotary fluid processing systems and associated methods

Rotary fluid processing systems and associated methods are disclosed. A purification system in accordance with the particular embodiment includes a rotatable adsorbent-containing heat/mass transfer element that is generally symmetric about a rotation axis, and includes multiple radial flow paths oriented transverse to the rotation axis and multiple axial flow paths oriented transverse to the radial flow paths. The axial flow paths and radial flow paths are in thermal communication with each other, and are generally isolated from fluid communication with each other at the heat transfer element. Particular embodiments can further include a housing arrangement having multiple manifolds with individual manifolds having an entry port and an exit port, and with individual manifolds having different circumferential locations relative to the rotation axis. Still further embodiments can include a seal arrangement positioned between the heat transfer element and the housing arrangement to expose the radial flow paths, but not the axial flow paths, to the entry and exit ports of one of the manifolds, and expose the axial flow paths, but not the radial flow paths, to the entry and exit ports of another of the manifolds.

Polyvinyl-Amine Acid Gas Adsorption-Desorption Polymers, Processes for Preparing Same, and Uses Thereof

This disclosure involves an adsorption-desorption material, e.g., crosslinked polyvinyl-amine material having an M w from about 500 to about 1×10 6 , total pore volume from about 0.2 cc/g to about 2.0 cc/g, and a CO 2 adsorption capacity of at least about 0.2 millimoles per gram of crosslinked material, and/or linear polyvinyl-amine material having an M w from about 160 to about 1×10 6 , total pore volume from about 0.2 cc/g to about 2.0 cc/g, and a CO 2 adsorption capacity of at least about 0.2 millimoles per gram of linear material. This disclosure also involves processes for preparing the crosslinked polyvinyl-amine materials and linear polyvinyl-amine materials, as well as selective removal of CO 2 and/or other acid gases from a gaseous stream using the polyvinyl-amine materials.

Reactive absorbents and the use thereof for desulphurizing gaseous streams

A porous material including a clay substrate modified by a pore-generating agent and at least one oxide of a metal selected from the first transition series, and a method for obtaining the material and use of the material for desulphurizing gaseous streams, especially for the elimination of H 2 S.

Biotrickling filter for treating waste gas and treating method using the same

A biotrickling filter for treating waste gas including a waste gas inlet, packing layers, a spray pipe, a spray liquid storage tank, and a waste gas outlet. The waste gas passes through a first packing layer after passing through the waste gas inlet and then passes through a second packing layer after changing the flow direction at the bottom of the first packing layer; the flow directions of the waste gas in the first packing layer and the second packing layer are opposite to form a cross-flow structure; the two different flow directions of the waste gas form a cross-flow unit, and two or more cross-flow units form the biotrickling filter.

Fluid treatment system with bulk material beds operated in parallel and method for operating such a system

A fluid treatment system having bulk beds. The fluid to be treated essentially streams from the bottom up through a bulk bed, while the bulk material migrates through the bulk beds in countercurrent to the fluid essentially from the top down. This is accomplished by removing partial quantities of bulk material at the lower end of the bulk bed, and delivering partial quantities of the bulk material to the bulk bed at the top. At least one charging wagon provided with optionally sealable bulk material outlets is able to traverse a charging channel between a charging position and several partial bulk bed release positions above the bulk beds. Provided below the bulk material outlets and the bulk material valve of the charging wagon are bulk material through pipes, the bulk material outlet mouths of which end on bulk material cones of an underlying bulk bed.

Swing Adsorption Processes Utilizing Controlled Adsorption Fronts

A process for reducing the loss of valuable products by improving the overall recovery of a contaminant gas component in swing adsorption processes. The present invention utilizes at least two adsorption beds, in series, with separately controlled cycles to control the adsorption front and optionally to maximize the overall capacity of a swing adsorption process and to improve overall recovery a contaminant gas component from a feed gas mixture.

Pressure-Temperature Swing Adsorption Process for the Separation of Heavy Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas Streams

The present invention relates to a pressure-temperature swing adsorption process wherein gaseous components that have been adsorbed can be recovered from the adsorbent bed at elevated pressures. In particular, the present invention relates to a pressure-temperature swing adsorption process for the separation of C 2+ hydrocarbons (hydrocarbons with at least 2 carbon atoms) from natural gas streams to obtain a high purity methane product stream. In more preferred embodiments of the present processes, the processes may be used to obtain multiple, high purity hydrocarbon product streams from natural gas stream feeds resulting in a chromatographic-like fractionation with recovery of high purity individual gaseous component streams.

Gas Purification Process Utilizing Engineered Small Particle Adsorbents

A gas separation process uses a structured particulate bed of adsorbent coated shapes/particles laid down in the bed in an ordered manner to simulate a monolith by providing longitudinally extensive gas passages by which the gas mixture to be separated can access the adsorbent material along the length of the particles. The particles can be laid down either directly in the bed or in locally structured packages/bundles which themselves are similarly oriented such that the bed particles behave similarly to a monolith but without at least some disadvantages. The adsorbent particles can be formed with a solid, non-porous core with the adsorbent formed as a thin, adherent coating on the exposed exterior surface. Particles may be formed as cylinders/hollow shapes to provide ready access to the adsorbent. The separation may be operated as a kinetic or equilibrium controlled process.

Two-Step Process for the Cleaning of a Flue Gas

A two-step process for the cleaning of a stream of flue gas, containing noxious acidic compounds, by means of a quantity of basic sodium reagent, wherein the quantity of basic sodium reagent is injected in a secondary stream diverted from the main stream wherein it reacts in a first step with the noxious acidic compounds contained in the secondary stream during a pre reaction period, resulting in pre-reacted basic reagent, un-reacted basic reagent and partially cleaned secondary stream of flue gas; and wherein after the pre reaction period, the partially cleaned secondary stream comprising the quantity of pre reacted basic sodium reagent is reintroduced in the main stream, the pre-reacted reagent and un-reacted reagent further reacting in a second step with at least part of the remaining noxious acids left in the partially cleaned secondary stream of flue gas.

Hollow-fiber membrane contactors

Methods and apparatus relate to recovery of carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen sulfide from a gas mixture. Separating of the carbon dioxide, for example, from the gas mixture utilizes a liquid sorbent for the carbon dioxide. The liquid sorbent contacts the gas mixture along asymmetric hollow-fiber membranes that enable transfer of the carbon dioxide from the gas mixture to the liquid sorbent.

Exhaust gas treatment device for an oxygen combustion system

In an exhaust gas treatment device provided with: an exhaust gas treatment unit in which an oxygen combustion boiler 1 using coal as fuel, a denitration device 3 , an air preheater 4 , a dust-collection device 5 , a desulfurization device 6 , and a carbon dioxide recovery device 8 are sequentially arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of an exhaust gas duct; and an exhaust gas circulation unit which branches off from the exhaust gas duct at an outlet of the dust-collection device 5 or an outlet of the desulfurization device 6 and through which the exhaust gas is preheated by the air preheater 4 and returned to the oxygen combustion boiler 1 , a heat-recovery heat exchanger 13 that adjusts a gas temperature at an inlet of the dust-collection device 5 to be not greater than an acid dew point of SO 3 and not lower than a water dew point is provided between the air preheater 4 and the dust-collection device 5 , a reheating heat exchanger 13 that adjusts a gas temperature to be not lower than the acid dew point of SO 3 is provided in the vicinity of a branch of the exhaust gas circulation unit, adjusting the gas temperature at the inlet of the dust-collection device 4 to be not greater than the acid dew point of SO 3 makes it possible to prevent corrosion of pipes in the exhaust gas circulation unit and to avoid a decrease in fluidity or combustibility of the pulverized coal in the pipes in the mill.

Sorbent regeneration in a heated hollow-fiber assembly

Methods and apparatus relate to recovery of carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen sulfide from a gas mixture. Separating of the carbon dioxide, for example, from the gas mixture utilizes a liquid sorbent for the carbon dioxide. The liquid sorbent contacts the gas mixture for transfer of the carbon dioxide from the gas mixture to the liquid sorbent. The carbon dioxide then desorbs from the liquid sorbent using hollow-fiber contactors as a source of heat to liberate the carbon dioxide further separated by the hollow-fiber contactors from the liquid sorbent.

Flat panel contactors and methods

Porous membrane contactors and/or their methods of manufacture and/or use are provided. In at least selected embodiments, the present invention is directed to flat panel hollow fiber or flat sheet membrane contactors and/or their methods of manufacture and/or use. In at least certain particular embodiments, the present invention is directed to hollow fiber array flat panel contactors, contactor systems, and/or their methods of manufacture and/or use. In at least particular possibly preferred embodiments, the contactor is adapted for placement in an air duct (such as an HVAC ductwork) and has a rectangular frame or housing enclosing at least one wound hollow fiber array or membrane bundle.

Method for removing contaminants from a fluid stream

A method for removing at least one contaminant from a fluid stream includes filtering the fluid stream with a filtration medium. The filtration medium includes an impregnate. The impregnate includes an organic amine and an inorganic metal salt. The inorganic metal salt includes magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or combinations thereof. The medium has from about 0.1 to about 25% by weight of impregnate. The impregnate contains from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight organic amine, and the organic amine includes aqueous urea, solid urea, melamine or mixtures thereof. The impregnate contains from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight metal salt. The impregnate optionally further includes a surfactant such as polyacrylic acid. In some embodiments, the method includes removing at least two contaminants from the fluid stream.

Acid gas absorbent, acid gas removal method, and acid gas removal device

There is provided an acid gas absorbent having excellent performance of absorbing acid gas such as carbon dioxide, and an acid gas removal device and an acid gas removal method using the acid gas absorbent. An acid gas absorbent of an embodiment contains at least one type of tertiary amine compound represented by the following general formula (1). (In the above formula (1), the cycle A represents acyclic structure whose carbon number is not less than 3 nor more than 8. R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each represent an alkyl group whose carbon number is 1 to 4, and R 4 represents a hydroxyalkyl group. R 1 and R 2 are groups coupled to carbon atoms adjacent to a carbon atom forming the cycle A and coupled to a nitrogen atom.)

Process for The Production of Sulfur from Sulfur Dioxide with Tail Gas Recycle

The reduction of the gas stream containing sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur is carried out by reacting a reducing gas, such as natural gas, methanol or a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with recycled sulfur and recycled tail gas to produce a stream containing hydrogen sulfide that may be reacted with the gas stream that contains sulfur dioxide. Gas streams with a molar concentration of sulfur dioxide from 1 to 100% may be processed to achieve nearly 100% sulfur recovery efficiency.

Metal complex, and adsorbent, occlusion material and separator material made from same

This invention provides a metal complex having a gas adsorption capability, a gas storing capability, and a gas separation capability. The present invention attained the above object by a metal complex comprising: a dicarboxylic acid compound (I) represented by the following General Formula (I), wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are as defined in the specification; at least one metal ion selected from ions of a metal belonging to Group 2 and Groups 7 to 12 of the periodic table; and an organic ligand capable of bidentate binding to the metal ion, the organic ligand belonging to the D ∞h point group, having a longitudinal length of not less than 8.0 Å and less than 16.0 Å, and having 2 to 7 heteroatoms.

Apparatus for generating hydrocarbon fuel

An apparatus suitable for generating gaseous hydrocarbon fuel from a carbon based synthesis gas including a reaction chamber having a rotating shaft including a plurality of radial blades mixing and circulating carbon based synthesis gas and particulate catalyst upwardly generating gaseous hydrocarbon fuel, a stripping chamber located above the reaction chamber having a second axial rotating shaft including a plurality of radial blades driving hydrocarbon fuel radially outwardly, a source of hot stripping gas, an annular filter surrounding the stripping chamber and an annular gas collection chamber surrounding the filter. The blades in the stripping chamber are rotated independently at a greater velocity than the blades in the reaction chamber and the reaction is controlled by the temperature of the synthesis gas and the rotational velocity of the mixing blades in the reaction chamber.

Air pollution control system and air pollution control method

An air pollution control system includes a desulfurization apparatus 13 that reduces sulfur oxide contained in flue gas 12 supplied from a boiler 11 ; and a CO 2 recovery apparatus 15 including a CO 2 absorber 21 that reduces CO 2 contained in flue gas 12 that has been desulfurized by the desulfurization apparatus, with the aid of an amine absorbent and an absorbent regenerator 22 that regenerates the amine absorbent. Part 14 a of desulfurized flue gas 14 containing SOx is supplied to treated flue gas 16 , from which CO 2 has been reduced and which is discharged from a top portion of the CO 2 absorber 21 , so that remaining mist amine accompanying the treated flue gas 16 is neutralized to amine sulfate or amine sulfite.

Particulate Matter and Methods Of Obtaining Same From A Kraft Waste Reclamation

The present invention relates in general to a method for obtaining particulate calcium carbonate and activated carbon particles and methods for using same, and more particularly, to a method for obtaining activated carbon particles having an average particle size less than about 12 microns from a pulp mill.

Gas deacidizing method using an absorbent solution with cos removal through hydrolysis

The method deacidifies a gas including H 2 S and CO 2 . The gas is subjected to an absorption to collect the CO 2 and the H 2 S in an absorber, then to conversion through hydrolysis of the COS to H 2 S and CO 2 in a reactor, and to a second absorption to collect the H 2 S and the CO 2 formed in the reactor. The absorbent solution is regenerated in regenerator. The regenerated absorbent solution is separated into two which are: a main stream supplying the absorber, and a remaining stream supplying the second absorption

Method of removing acid compounds from a gaseous effluent with an absorbent solution based on i, ii/iii diamines

The invention relates to the removal of acid compounds from a gaseous effluent in an absorption method using an aqueous solution containing one or more diamines whose two amine functions are not connected to each other by rings and whose amine function in the α position is always tertiary and the amine function in the ω position is always either primary or secondary, more or less sterically hindered, and with have the general formula (I) as follows:

Method and device for processing sour gas rich in carbon dioxide in a claus process

A method and apparatus for processing a sour gas rich in carbon dioxide in a Claus process, so sulfur compounds are removed by a selective solvent in a gas scrubbing process. Sulfur components and carbon dioxide, are separated into at least two sour gas fractions, wherein at least one sour gas fraction having a higher content of sulfur components is obtained, wherein the fraction having the highest hydrogen sulfide content is introduced in the thermal reaction stage of the Claus furnace with a gas containing oxygen by means of a burner. The sulfur is converted to sulfur dioxide in the thermal reaction stage of the Claus furnace and exhaust gases are discharged into the closed Claus reaction chamber behind the burner. The remaining sour gas fractions stripped of sulfur components are fed to the Claus reaction chamber and are mixed with the combustion gases leaving the burner.

Purification unit and deodoriding device

A purification unit for purifying air by a photocatalytic reaction includes a first light source which emits light; a first reflection plate which reflects the light emitted from the first light source; and a plurality of purification plates which cause the photocatalytic reaction by irradiation of the light emitted from the first light source. In this arrangement, at least one of the purification plates is disposed between the first reflection plate and the first light source, and the light emitted from the first light source is transmitted through the purification plate disposed between the first reflection plate and the first light source, and then is reflected on the first reflection plate for irradiation onto the purification plates.

Flue gas treatment system

The present invention relates to a gas cleaning system for cleaning a gas stream containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, said gas cleaning system comprising: a pre-conditioning section ( 3 ); a CO 2 removal stage ( 5 ); and a post-conditioning section ( 4 ); said pre-conditioning section comprising at least two gas-liquid contacting devices ( 19,20 ) arranged upstream of the CO 2 removal stage ( 5 ) with respect to the flow direction of the gas; and said post-conditioning section comprising at least two gas-liquid contacting devices ( 30,31 ) arranged downstream of the CO 2 removal stage with respect to the flow direction of the gas. The present invention further relates to a method for cleaning a gas stream containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, said method including removing, at least partly, carbon dioxide from the gas stream in a carbon dioxide removal step by bringing the gas stream into contact with a liquid comprising ammonia; contacting the gas stream with liquid in at least two steps upstream of the carbon dioxide removal step; and contacting the gas stream with liquid in at least two steps downstream of the carbon dioxide removal step.

Membrane Separation Apparatus for Fuel Gas Conditioning

Disclosed herein is a membrane separation apparatus that includes an integrated filter element. The apparatus is useful in the conditioning of fuel gas to separate methane from C 2+ hydrocarbons.

Device for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream

A device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream, comprising a container for receiving adsorber material, wherein the container has a fluid inlet opening and a fluid outlet opening, and two fluid connection devices, wherein one of the fluid connection devices is provided at the fluid inlet opening and the other one of the fluid connection devices is provided at the fluid outlet opening, wherein the fluid connection devices are locked in a fluid-tight manner and are designed in such a way that they can each be connected to a fluid line connector and unlocked and, if they are connected to the respective fluid line connector they can be unlocked or are unlocked.

Exhaust Gas Treating System Using Polymer Membrane For Carbon Dioxide Capture Process

Disclosed is an exhaust gas treating system having an exhaust gas treating apparatus for carbon dioxide capture process which additionally removes harmful substances remaining in the gas discharged from the existing flue-gas desulfurization process by using separation membrane so as to efficiently carry out the carbon dioxide capture process. The exhaust gas treating system using polymer membrane, comprises a carbon dioxide capture equipment for capturing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of a boiler, a flue-gas denitrification equipment placed between the boiler and the carbon dioxide capture equipment, a dust-collecting equipment and a flue-gas desulfurization equipment.

Catalytic adsorbents obtained from municipal sludges, industrial sludges, compost and tobacco waste and process for their production

Industrial waste derived adsorbents were obtained by pyrolysis of sewage sludge, metal sludge, waste oil sludge and tobacco waste in some combination. The materials were used as media to remove hydrogen sulfide at room temperature in the presence of moisture. The initial and exhausted adsorbents after the breakthrough tests were characterized using sorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, XRD, ICP, and surface pH measurements. Mixing tobacco and sludges result in a strong synergy enhancing the catalytic properties of adsorbents. During pyrolysis new mineral phases are formed as a result of solid state reaction between the components of the sludges. High temperature of pyrolysis is beneficial for the adsorbents due to the enhanced activation of carbonaceous phase and chemical stabilization of inorganic phase. Samples obtained at low temperature are sensitive to water, which deactivates their catalytic centers.

Air pollution control system and method

SO x removal equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas from a boiler, a cooler which is provided on the downstream side of the SO x removal equipment, for reducing the sulfur oxides from the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature, CO 2 recovery equipment which includes an absorber for bringing CO 2 in the flue gas into contact with a CO 2 absorption liquid so as to be reduced and a regenerator for causing the CO 2 absorption liquid to emit CO 2 so as to recover CO 2 and regenerate the CO 2 absorption liquid, and dissolved salt spraying equipment for reducing a mist generation material which is a generation source of mist that is generated in the absorber of the CO 2 recovery equipment before introducing the flue gas to the CO 2 recovery equipment, are included.

Unit for establishing contact between a gas and a liquid for a floating platform

A unit for establishing contact between a liquid and a gas includes: a chamber having a vertical axis; a first series of contact sections disposed along the length of the vertical axis of the chamber; a second series of contact sections disposed along the length of the vertical axis of the chamber, alternated with the contact sections of the first series; and a liquid circulation system designed to circulate a liquid in the contact sections of the first series and in the contact sections of the second series in a separate manner.

Ammonia destruction methods for use in a claus tail gas treating unit

Oxidative and reductive methods are described for the cost-effective destruction of an ammonia-bearing gas stream, potentially containing minor but significant quantities of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), in a conventional Claus sulfur recovery tail gas treating unit, using controlled rates and compositions of combustion gases in order to obtain the temperatures necessary for the desired destruction of unwanted combustibles. In accordance with the present disclosure, a reductive method for the destruction of ammonia in a Claus tail gas treating unit is described, wherein the method includes introducing an ammonia-containing gas stream into a first combustion zone of a reactor in combination with a first oxygen-containing air stream to generate a first combustion gas stream composition; introducing a hydrocarbon-containing fuel gas stream and a second oxygen-containing air stream into a second combustion zone of the reactor to generate a second combustion gas stream composition; combining the first and second combustion gas stream compositions in a waste heat boiler to generate a waste effluent gas; contacting the waste effluent gas with a Claus tail gas stream to produce a primary waste stream; and contacting the primary waste stream with a hydrogenation catalyst system for a period of time sufficient to reduce NO x in the primary waste stream to ammonia.

Methods and apparatuses for producing biogases

There are provided methods for producing at least one biogas comprising submitting an organic material to an anaerobic digestion process in an apparatus effective for carrying such a process so as to produce the at least one biogas, pressurizing the produced at least one biogas, and using the at least one biogas for conveying the organic material through the apparatus. Apparatuses for producing at least one biogas are also disclosed.

Adsorbent for carbon dioxide, method of preparing the same, and capture module for carbon dioxide

An adsorbent for carbon dioxide may include an inorganic oxide porous structure having a plurality of mesopores and an active compound bound to the surface of the mesopores. The active compound may be selected from an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline-earth metal-containing compound, and a combination thereof. Various example embodiments also relate to a method of preparing the adsorbent for carbon dioxide and a capture module for carbon dioxide including the adsorbent for carbon dioxide.

System and method for separating components in a gas stream

An incoming compressed gas, such as natural gas, is pre-cooled and the gas separated from any included liquid. The pre-cooled and separated gas is expanded using an expander to rapidly reduce pressure and corresponding temperature, as well as remove any components solidified by the temperature drop. An output stream from the expander, combined with other streams, is again gas/liquid separated. The output separated gas stream is sent through another expansion and gas/liquid separation, separating one or more other components, such that a final output gas is achieved. In the case of natural gas, the final output is, for example, methane, which may be fed back to cool the incoming gas prior to end use of the methane.

Method for drying a wet co2 rich gas stream from an oxy-combustion process

A method for drying a wet CO 2 rich gas stream from an oxy-combustion process that includes: compressing the wet CO 2 rich gas stream to a drying process operating pressure, cooling the wet CO 2 rich gas stream in at least one cooler, alternately drying the wet CO 2 rich gas stream in at least one dryer which contains at least one desiccant bed and regenerating the desiccant bed by conducting a heated regenerating gas through the dryer in opposite direction to the flow direction of the wet CO 2 rich gas stream, separating the dried CO 2 rich gas stream in a purification process to a purified CO 2 gas stream and a waste gas stream rich in nitrogen and oxygen, whereby the waste gas stream rich in nitrogen and oxygen is used as regenerating gas, and subsequently to the regeneration the dryer is purged at least once by a pressurized CO 2 rich gas stream conducted from the compressor, and whereby the dryer is charged up to the drying process operating pressure with a pressurized CO 2 rich gas stream conducted from the compressor before each drying process.

Process for generating a synthetic natural gas

A process is described for reducing the thiophene content in a synthesis gas mixture, comprising comprises the steps of (i) passing a synthesis gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon oxides and containing thiophene over a copper-containing sorbent disposed in a sorbent vessel at an inlet temperature in the range 200-280 oC, (ii) withdrawing a thiophene depleted synthesis gas containing methanol from the sorbent vessel, and (iii) adjusting the temperature of the methanol-containing thiophene-depleted synthesis gas mixture. The resulting gas mixture may be used for production of chemicals, e.g. methanol production or for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of liquid hydrocarbons, for hydrogen production by using water gas shift, or for the production of synthetic natural gas.

Method and apparatus for sweetening and/or dehydrating a hydrocarbon gas, in particular a natural gas

A method for removing acidity and/or moisture from a hydrocarbon gas, in particular from a natural gas or a refinery gas fraction or a syngas, by absorption into a sweetening liquid and into a dehydration liquid, that are adapted to extract acid compounds or water from the gas, respectively. The method provides a step of prearranging a vertical elongated container ( 150 ) comprising at least one inner partition wall ( 168 ) that defines at least two treatment chambers within said container ( 151,152 ), a step of feeding a treatment liquid from the above into at least one of the two chambers ( 251,252 ) and feeding the gas to be treated from below into at least one same treatment chamber. It is also provided a step of selecting a treatment mode, wherein the gas flows along the two treatment chambers in a parallel or in a series arrangement, or one chamber being excluded; in particular the series-mode or the exclusion mode is actuated when the flowrate of the gas decreases below a minimum threshold value, while the parallel-mode is actuated when the flowrate of the gas rises above a maximum threshold value. An apparatus comprising at least such a container and a gas convey selective convey means ( 44′,44″ ), for actuating said treatment modes, in particular responsive to a flowrate of the gas. The apparatus and the method according to the invention allow to maintain the sweetening and/or dehydration efficiency, in particular in the case of a progressive reduction of the flowrate of natural gas that can be obtained from a well or gasfield.

Absorption cell manufacturing method

A manufacturing method of an absorption cell includes preparing a first absorption layer formed of a mixture of a first absorbent and a second absorbent having a higher density than the first absorbent; coating the surface of the first absorption layer with a protective layer formed of a low-carbonizing point material and the second absorbent so as to prevent generation of dust particles from the first absorption layer; and removing the low-carbonizing point material from the protective layer so as to form a second absorption layer including a plurality of pore parts through which a fluid flows to the first absorption layer.

Methods of Removing Contaminants from Hydrocarbon Stream by Swing Adsorption and Related Apparatus and Systems

A pressure swing adsorption process for removal of C02 from natural gas streams through a combination of a selective adsorbent material containing an effective amount of a non-adsorbent filler, adsorbent contactor design, and adsorption cycle design. The removal of contaminants from gas streams, preferably natural gas streams, using rapid-cycle swing adsorption processes, such as rapid-cycle pressure swing adsorption (RC-PSA). Separations at high pressure with high product recovery and/or high product purity are provided through a combination of judicious choices of adsorbent material, gas-solid contactor, system configuration, and cycle designs. For example, cycle designs that include steps of purge and staged blow-down as well as the inclusion of a mesopore filler in the adsorbent material significantly improves product (e.g., methane) recovery. An RC-PSA product with less than 10 ppm H2S can be produced from a natural gas feed stream that contains less than 1 mole percent H2S.

Method of cleaning a carbon dioxide rich flue gas and a boiler system

A boiler system ( 101 ) comprises a boiler ( 2 ) for combusting a fuel in the presence of a gas containing oxygen gas, and a gas cleaning system ( 106 ). The boiler system ( 101 ) comprises a compression device being operative for pressurizing at least a portion of the carbon dioxide rich flue gas from which at least a portion of the contaminant content has been removed, and a carbon dioxide supply duct ( 142; 143; 145 ) being operative for forwarding at least a portion of the pressurized carbon dioxide rich flue gas to at least one gas cleaning device ( 108; 110; 111 ) for being utilized as a utility gas therein.

Process for the purification of crude gas from solids gasification

A process and device is provided for the generation and purification of a crude gas for synthesis gas generation from a solid carbon-containing fuel by a coal gasification reaction. The fuel is mixed with a quenching medium directly after generation to dissipate the internal energy and is then brought into contact with a compound or a sorbent in the mixing chamber or downstream of the mixing chamber such that the acidic or basic or sulphur-containing or halogen-containing constituents contained in the crude gas and originating from the gasification reaction are absorbed. A solids-separating device removes the solid or solidified constituents from the system. The sorbent can be regenerated and returned to the process such that an energy-intensive cooling of the crude gas is not required for its purification and the synthesis gas thus purified can be used in a subsequent process without any further heating.

Method and absorber for removal of acid gas from natural gas

The invention relates to a continuous process for removal of acid gas, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) from a fluid stream, such as natural gas comprising mainly hydrocarbons, by means of a absorbent medium in a rotating absorption zone. Subsequently, the acid gas is desorbed in a rotating desorption zone from the absorbent medium to allow the absorbent medium to be recirculated and the acid gas is removed for storage or drying and processing. This process can be carried out continuously, as the absorption medium is re-used.

Reducing sulfur gas emissions resulting from the burning of carbonaceous fuels

A method of reducing sulfur emissions by applying remediation materials in a powder sorbent onto coal and combusting the coal with the materials applied. The powder sorbent contain sources of silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron, and magnesium, and ash from combustion contains the captured sulfur.

Absorbent, co2 or h2s reducing apparatus, and co2 or h2s reducing method using absorbent

An absorbent according to the present invention absorbs CO 2 or H 2 S contained in flue gas emitted from a power generating plant such as a thermal plant, and contains three or more amine compounds selected from linear or cyclic amine compounds having a primary amino group, and linear or cyclic amine compounds having a secondary amino group. By way of a synergetic effect of the mixture of these compounds, the absorption speed of CO 2 or H 2 S absorption is improved. A small amount of CO 2 contained in a large amount of boiler flue gas can be absorbed efficiently.

Process for separating off acid gases from a water-comprising fluid stream

A process for separating off acid gases from a water-comprising fluid stream wherein the water-comprising fluid stream is contacted in an absorption zone with an absorbent, producing a deacidified fluid stream and an acid gas-loaded absorbent; the deacidified fluid stream is contacted in a scrubbing zone with an aqueous scrubbing liquid, producing a deaminated, deacidified fluid stream and an amine-loaded scrubbing liquid which is cooled, producing an absorber top condensate; the loaded absorbent is passed into a desorption zone producing a regenerated absorbent and desorbed acid gases; the regenerated absorbent is returned to the absorption zone in order to form an absorbent circuit, to which the amine-loaded scrubbing liquid and the absorber top condensate are introduced; and the desorbed acid gases are conducted through an enrichment zone and the acid gases exiting at the top of the enrichment zone are cooled, producing a desorber top condensate.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS OF ENHANCED CARBON DIOXIDE RECOVERY

Methods and systems of enhanced carbon dioxide recovery from an inlet gas stream are provided, by introducing the gas stream to one or more membrane-based separation units to produce a permeate byproduct gas stream having increased concentration of carbon dioxide compared to the inlet gas stream and then introducing the permeate byproduct gas stream to one or more pressure swing adsorption units or trains to enhance recovery of hydrocarbons, such as methane, lost in the byproduct stream and to produce a substantially pure carbon dioxide stream, while minimizing process compression and eliminating process heat for process regeneration. The methods introduced herein are for enhancing product recovery by enhancing carbon dioxide recovery from gas streams with pressures greater than atmospheric conditions. Further refinement to the methods would be the introduction of hydrogen sulfide polishing units within the process to produce product that meets or exceeds sales quality specifications. 1. A method of enhanced carbon dioxide recovery from an inlet gas stream , the method comprising the steps of:introducing an inlet gas stream, having carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, to one or more hydrogen sulfide polishing units;operating the one or more hydrogen sulfide polishing units to produce an outlet gas stream with a reduced concentration of hydrogen sulfide compared to the inlet gas stream;introducing the outlet gas stream to one or more membrane-based separation units;operating the one or more membrane-based separation units to produce a permeate byproduct gas stream having increased concentration of carbon dioxide compared to the carbon dioxide concentration in the outlet gas stream;introducing the permeate byproduct gas stream to one or more pressure swing adsorption units; andoperating the one or more pressure swing adsorption units to produce a substantially pure carbon dioxide stream.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:operating the one or ...

AIR CLEANING SYSTEM

Provided an air cleaning system, which includes: a first reactor which has a first inlet and a first outlet and in which a channel is formed; a first moisture adsorption filter and a first water-soluble gas pollutant adsorption filter that are provided inside the first reactor and are provided so that a gas passes therethrough sequentially while flowing along the channel from the first inlet to the first outlet; a plurality of first magnetrons that are provided at a lateral portion of the first reactor so as to correspond respectively to the first moisture adsorption filter and the first water-soluble gas pollutant adsorption filter and selectively apply microwaves to the first moisture adsorption filter and the first water-soluble gas pollutant adsorption filter; and a heat exchanger that receives hot air containing a water-soluble gas pollutant and moisture, both of which are desorbed from the first moisture adsorption filter and the first water-soluble gas pollutant adsorption filter and are discharged by the first outlet, condenses the moisture into water, and dissolves and discharges the water-soluble gas pollutant in the condensed water. According to the present invention, the air cleaning system can unify a dehumidifying process and a water-soluble gas pollutant removing process to simplify an air cleaning process, recover and recycle waste heat by introducing microwaves and the heat exchanger so as to contribute to energy saving, and be used semi-permanently without a need to periodically replace a filter. 1. An air cleaning system comprising:a first reactor which has a first inlet and a first outlet and in which a channel is formed;a first moisture adsorption filter and a first water-soluble gas pollutant adsorption filter that are provided inside the first reactor and are provided so that a gas passes therethrough sequentially while flowing along the channel from the first inlet to the first outlet;a plurality of first magnetrons that are provided at a ...

Metallopolyimide precursor fibers for aging-resistant carbon molecular sieve hollow fiber membranes with enhanced selectivity

Metallopolyimide precursor fibers for aging-resistant carbon molecular sieve hollow fiber membranes having enhanced selectivity include transition metal cations complexed with electronegative regions of a polyimide. CMS membranes are made by pyrolyzing the metallopolyimide precursor fibers. The cations are introduced by including, in the bore fluid used to extrude the fibers, either a salt of the transition metal and an inorganic anion or a transition metal/organic ligand complex.

System for the Capture and Release of Acid Gases

In one aspect, the invention provides a method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition, the release of said gas from said composition, and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use, said method comprising performing, in order, the steps of: (a) capturing the at least one acid gas by contacting said at least one gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent; (b) releasing said at least one acid gas by adding at least one protic solvent or agent to said composition; and (c) regenerating the capture composition by partial or complete removal of said added protic solvent or agent from said composition. Optionally, said capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent additionally comprises water or another protic solvent. In another aspect, the invention envisages a composition which additionally comprises at least one protic solvent or agent and release of the at least one acid gas is achieved solely by subjecting the composition to the application of heat or stripping with a stream of air. The method is typically applied to the capture and subsequent release of carbon dioxide, and offers a convenient and simple process which uses inexpensive consumables and offers significant advantages over the methods of the prior art. 147-. (canceled)48. A method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition , the release of said gas from said composition , and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use , said method comprising performing , in order , the steps of:(a) capturing the at least one acid gas by contacting said at least one gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid, at least one non-aqueous solvent and optionally at least one protic solvent or agent;(b) releasing said at least one acid gas by subjecting said ...

METHOD TO SELECTIVELY REMOVE HYDROGEN SULFIDE FROM A GAS STREAM USING A FUNCTIONALIZED CROSS-LINKED MACROPOROUS POLYMER

A process is disclosed for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (HS) from natural. This process provides for passing a natural gas feedstream comprising HS though a regenerable adsorbent media which adsorbs HS to provide an HS-lean natural gas product and HS. The regenerable adsorbent media of the present invention is a tertiary amine functionalized cross-linked macroporous polymeric adsorbent media. 1. A process for removing hydrogen sulfide (HS) from a natural gas feedstream comprising HS comprising the steps of:{'sub': '2', '(a) providing an adsorbent bed comprising a tertiary amine functionalized cross-linked macroporous polymeric adsorbent media, wherein said adsorbent media adsorbs HS;'}{'sub': '2', '(b) passing the natural gas feedstream through the tertiary amine functionalized cross-linked macroporous polymeric adsorbent bed to provide a HS-lean natural gas stream and a hydrogen sulfide-loaded tertiary amine functionalized cross-linked macroporous polymeric adsorbent media;'}{'sub': '2', '(c) further treating, recovering, transporting, liquefying, or flaring the HS-lean natural gas stream,'}{'sub': '2', '(d) regenerating the loaded tertiary amine functionalized cross-linked macroporous polymeric adsorbent media for reuse by desorbing the adsorbed HS, and'}{'sub': '2', '(e) discharging the HS to be collected, flared, neutralized by caustic, converted to elemental sulfur, reinjected, or converted to sulfuric acid.'}2. The process of wherein the natural gas stream comprises claim 1 , in addition to HS claim 1 , one or more impurity wherein the HS is selectively removed from the natural gas stream in the presence of one or more impurity.3. The process of wherein the tertiary amine functionalized cross-linked macroporous polymeric adsorbent is a polymer of a monovinyl aromatic monomer crosslinked with a polyvinylidene aromatic compound.4. The process in of wherein the monovinyl aromatic monomer comprises from 92% to 99.25% by weight of said polymer claim 3 , and said ...

DESULFURIZATION ABSORPTION TOWER

A desulfurization absorption tower, a method for setting up the same and a method for operating the same. The tower may include an internal anti-corrosion layer that may be used for contacting the flue gas and the desulfurization absorption liquid, may define the tower chamber, and may include stainless steel plate whose thickness is 1.0 mm to 6.0 mm. The tower body may include an external supporting layer that may be used for supporting the anti-corrosion layer and may include carbon steel. The supporting layer and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to jointly bear a load, wherein the supporting layer may be designed to bear a large part of the load, and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to bear a small part of the load. 128-. (canceled)29. A method for cleaning flue gas , the method comprising:introducing flue gas into an interior region defined by a stainless steel plate interior layer of a desulfurization absorption tower;flowing the flue gas up through the tower;receiving in the interior, through the interior layer, a desulfurization absorption liquid;transferring chloride ion from the flue gas to the desulfurization absorption liquid;contacting the chloride ion with the interior layer; andguiding the chloride ion out of the interior layer, in a desulfurization absorption liquid with a predetermined content of ammonium sulfate, to an ammonium sulfate after-treatment system.30. The method of wherein the contacting comprises:contacting the absorption liquid with the interior layer at a first location, where steel plate includes steel of a first grade; and, then,contacting the absorption liquid with the interior layer at a second location, where the steel plate includes steel of a second grade; the absorption liquid in the first contacting has a first chloride ion concentration;', 'the absorption liquid in the second contacting has a second chloride ion concentration;', 'the first grade is preselected for the first concentration; and', 'the second ...

Structured Adsorbent Beds, Methods of Producing the Same and uses Thereof

Structured adsorbent beds comprising a high cell density substrate, such as greater than about 1040 cpsi, and a coating comprising adsorbent particles, such as DDR and a binder, such as SiOare provided herein. Methods of preparing the structured adsorbent bed and gas separation processes using the structured adsorbent bed are also provided herein. 1. A structured adsorbent bed for purification of a gas feedstream comprising:a substrate having a cell density greater than 1040 cells per square inch (cpsi); anda coating on the substrate, wherein the coating comprises adsorbent particles and a binder.2. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent particles have an average diameter of about 2 μm to about 40 μm.3. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent particles have an average diameter greater than about 20 μm.4. (canceled)5. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent particles comprise a microporous material.6. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 5 , wherein the microporous material comprises a zeolite.7. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 6 , wherein the zeolite is DDR.8. The structure adsorbent bed of claim 7 , wherein the zeolite is selected from the group consisting of Sigma-1 and ZSM-58.9. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises particles having an average diameter of about 25 nm to about 200 nm.10. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises particles having an average diameter of about 100 nm to about 200 nm.11. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the binder has a pH greater than 7.12. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises SiO.13. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a cell density of about 1500 cpsi to about 4000 cpsi.14. The structured adsorbent bed of claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a cell density of about 1400 cpsi or greater.15. The structured ...

WET FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS

Systems, apparatuses, and processes for controlling free ammonia in wet flue gas desulfurization processes in which an ammonia-containing scrubbing solution is used to produce ammonium sulfate. Such an apparatus includes an absorber having a contactor region through which a flue gas comprising sulfur dioxide is able to flow and a reaction tank containing a scrubbing solution containing ammonium sulfate. The tank has a sidewall and bottom wall that define the perimeter and bottom of the tank. Lance-agitator units are distributed around the perimeter of the tank, each having a lance that injects a mixture of oxygen and a dilute ammonia-containing fluid toward the bottom of the tank and an agitator that agitates the mixture and propels the mixture toward the bottom of the tank. The apparatus includes a source of the mixture of oxygen and dilute ammonia-containing fluid, and recirculates the scrubbing solution from the tank to the contactor region. 1. An apparatus for removing sulfur dioxide from a flue gas , the apparatus comprising:an absorber having a contactor region through which a flue gas comprising sulfur dioxide is able to flow and a reaction tank containing a scrubbing solution comprising ammonium sulfate, the tank having a side wall that defines a perimeter of the tank and a bottom wall that defines a bottom of the tank;a plurality of lance-agitator units distributed around the perimeter of the tank, each of the lance-agitator units comprising a lance that injects a mixture of oxygen and a dilute ammonia-containing fluid toward the bottom of the tank and an agitator that agitates the mixture and propels the mixture toward the bottom of the tank;a source of the mixture of oxygen and dilute ammonia-containing fluid; andmeans for recirculating the scrubbing solution from the tank to the contactor region.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the source of the oxygen in the mixture is air.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the dilute ammonia ...

ABSORPTION AGENT, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SAME, AND METHOD FOR SEPARATION AND RECOVERY OF ACIDIC COMPOUND

The absorption agent of the present invention contains water, an amine compound, and an organic solvent, and a value obtained by subtracting a solubility parameter of the organic solvent from a solubility parameter of the amine compound is 1.1 (cal/cm)or more and 4.2 (cal/cm)or less. The method for separation and recovery of an acidic compound of the present invention includes the steps of: bringing a mixed gas containing an acidic compound into contact with an absorption agent containing water, an amine compound, and an organic solvent to absorb the acidic compound into the absorption agent; causing the absorption agent that has absorbed the acidic compound to be phase-separated into a first phase containing the acidic compound in a high content and a second phase containing the acidic compound in a low content; and heating the first phase to release the acidic compound from the first phase 1: An absorption agent , comprisingwater,an amine compound, andan organic solvent,{'sup': 3', '1/2, 'wherein a value obtained by subtracting a solubility parameter of the organic solvent from a solubility parameter of the amine compound is from 1.1 to 4.2 (cal/cm).'}2: The absorption agent according to claim 1 ,wherein the amine compound is a secondary amine.3: The absorption agent according to claim 1 ,wherein the amine compound is an alkanolamine.4: The absorption agent according to claim 1 ,wherein the organic solvent is either an alcohol having 2 to 15 carbon atoms or an ether having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.5: The absorption agent according to claim 1 ,wherein the organic solvent is an alcohol in which hydrogen contained in a linear hydrocarbon having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is substituted with a hydroxyl group.6: The absorption agent according to claim 1 ,wherein the amine compound is contained in an amount of 20% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less.7: The absorption agent according to claim 1 ,wherein the organic solvent is contained in an amount of from 40% to 60% by mass.8: ...

DESULFURIZATION ABSORPTION TOWER

A desulfurization absorption tower, a method for setting up the same and a method for operating the same. The tower may include an internal anti-corrosion layer that may be used for contacting the flue gas and the desulfurization absorption liquid, may define the tower chamber, and may include stainless steel plate whose thickness is 1.0 mm to 6.0 mm. The tower body may include an external supporting layer that may be used for supporting the anti-corrosion layer and may include carbon steel. The supporting layer and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to jointly bear a load, wherein the supporting layer may be designed to bear a large part of the load, and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to bear a small part of the load. 2. The apparatus of wherein the carbon steel support bears more of the load than does the steel plate.3. The apparatus of wherein the stainless steel plate has a thickness in the range 1.0 mm to 6.0 mm.4. The apparatus of wherein the thickness is about 2.0 mm.5. The apparatus of wherein the thickness is about 3.0 mm.6. The apparatus of wherein the thickness is about 4.0 mm.7. The apparatus of wherein the thickness is about 5.0 mm.8. The apparatus of wherein the steel plate comprises a plurality of steel plates connected together to form an interior layer of a tower.9. The apparatus of wherein the steel plate: a first desulfurization absorption liquid having, after application to the flue gas, a first chloride ion concentration; and', 'a second desulfurization absorption liquid having, after application to the flue gas, a second chloride ion concentration that is different from the first chloride ion concentration;, 'is included in an interior layer of a tower that is configured to apply to the flue gas a first composition; and', 'a second composition; and, 'includes the first liquid with the first composition; and', 'the second liquid with the second composition., 'defines a flue gas guide path that is configured to contact10. The ...

Sulfur Trap

A sulfur trap provides separation of elemental molten sulfur from a process stream comprising a mixture of sulfur and associated tail-gases. The sulfur trap comprises a vertically-oriented cylindrical wall having a chamber for receiving the process stream, a float positioned in the chamber, the float attached to a float end of a lever, a nozzle insert attached to the distal end of the lever, and a lever fulcrum positioned intermediate the lever float end and the lever nozzle insert end. The float, lever, nozzle insert and outlet are constructed to allow the float position to control nozzle insert engagement of the outlet, particularly to close the outlet when the float is elevated by molten sulfur and to disengage from the outlet to allow discharge flow of liquid sulfur at a determined level of sulfur within the chamber. Embodiments of a method of separating liquid sulfur from gases are also provided. 1. A sulfur trap for separation of liquid sulfur from a process stream comprising:a chamber;a chamber fluid inlet;a chamber gas outlet;a chamber liquid outlet; anda chamber liquid level control system; said chamber liquid outlet is disposed below said chamber fluid inlet and said chamber gas outlet;', 'said chamber liquid outlet comprises a discharge orifice; and', a float;', 'a fulcrum;', 'a nozzle insert; and', 'a lever comprising a float end and a nozzle insert end;, 'said chamber liquid level control system comprises, said lever is pivotally connected to said fulcrum intermediate said float end and said nozzle insert end;', 'said float is attached to said lever float end;', 'said nozzle insert is attached to said lever nozzle insert end;', 'rise of said float raises said lever float end and lowers said nozzle insert end via pivoting of said lever about said fulcrum;', 'fall of said float lowers said lever float end and raises said nozzle insert end via pivoting of said lever about said fulcrum;', 'said chamber liquid level control system operates to engage said ...

Gas purification device

A gas purification device includes: a converter packed with a catalyst for hydrolyzing both carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen cyanide; an upstream heat exchanger for heat exchange between a gas to be introduced into the converter and a cooling fluid for cooling the gas; a reaction-temperature estimation member for estimating a reaction temperature inside the converter; and a flow-rate adjustment member for adjusting a flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing into the upstream heat exchanger based on an estimated value of the reaction-temperature estimation member to control the reaction temperature.

Separation and concentration of nitrate from aqueous solutions and gaseous streams

A process for recovering nitric acid or salts thereof, comprising: contacting, in the presence of water, an water-immiscible ionic liquid of the formula [A+][X−], wherein [A+] represents a phosphonium or ammonium cation and [X−] represents a counter anion which is NO3−, an halide anion displaceable by NO3−, or both, with a fluid which contains HNO3 and at least one more mineral acid, or precursors of said acids, and partition, under mixing, said acids between aqueous and organic phases and form nitrate-loaded ionic liquid of the formula [A+][NO3−]z>0.25 where Z indicates a molar amount of nitrate held in the ionic liquid beyond the positions occupied by the nitrate counter ions; separating the so-formed mixture into an organic phase comprising a nitrate-loaded ionic liquid of the formula [A+][NO3−]z>0.25 and an aqueous phase consisting of a nitrate-depleted aqueous solution that contains the other mineral acid(s); stripping the nitric acid from said nitrate-loaded ionic liquid to create an aqueous nitrate solution and regenerate ionic liquid of the formula [A+][NO3−]z≥0 with reduced nitrate loading, or unloaded [A+][NO3−]z=0 ionic liquid.

Separation and Storage of Fluids Using ITQ-55

This invention refers to a microporous crystalline material of zeolitic nature that has, in its calcined state and in the absence of defects in its crystalline matrix manifested by the presence of silanols, the empirical formula 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite ITQ-55 has claim 1 , in calcined state and in absence of defects in its crystalline matrix manifested by the presence of silanols claim 1 , an empiric formula{'br': None, 'sub': 1/n', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'i': '−g', 'x(MXO):yYO:gGeO:(1)SiO'}in which{'sup': '+', 'M is selected between H, at least one inorganic cation of charge +n, and a mixture of both,'}X is at least one chemical element of oxidation state +3,Y is at least one chemical element with oxidation state +4 different from Si,x takes a value between 0 and 0.2, both included,y takes a value between 0 and 0.1, both included,g takes a value between 0 and 0.5, both included.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein x takes a value of essentially zero claim 2 , y takes a value of essentially zero claim 2 , and g takes a value of essentially zero.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein a) x takes a value of greater than zero claim 2 , b) y takes a value of greater than zero claim 2 , c) g takes a value of greater than zero claim 2 , or d) a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming an adsorbed product fluid stream comprises modifying at least one of a temperature or a pressure of the adsorbent.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming an adsorbed product fluid stream comprises exposing a fluid stream comprising a third component to the adsorbent comprising zeolite ITQ-55 claim 1 , at least a portion of the third component being adsorbed by the adsorbent comprising zeolite ITQ-55.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein exposing the input fluid stream to an adsorbent comprises exposing the input fluid stream to an adsorbent in a swing adsorption vessel.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein exposing the input fluid stream to an adsorbent ...

Separation and Storage of Fluids Using ITQ-55

This invention refers to a microporous crystalline material of zeolitic nature that has, in its calcined state and in the absence of defects in its crystalline matrix manifested by the presence of silanols, the empirical formula 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite ITQ-55 has claim 1 , in calcined state and in absence of defects in its crystalline matrix manifested by the presence of silanols claim 1 , an empiric formula{'br': None, 'i': x', 'y', ':g', '−g, 'sub': 1/n', '2', '2', '2', '2, '(MXO):YOGeO:(1)SiO'}in which{'sup': '+', 'M is selected between H, at least one inorganic cation of charge +n, and a mixture of both,'}X is at least one chemical element of oxidation state +3,Y is at least one chemical element with oxidation state +4 different from Si,x takes a value between 0 and 0.2, both included,y takes a value between 0 and 0.1, both included,g takes a value between 0 and 0.5, both included.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein x takes a value of essentially zero claim 2 , y takes a value of essentially zero claim 2 , and g takes a value of essentially zero.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein a) x takes a value of greater than zero claim 2 , b) y takes a value of essentially zero claim 2 , c) g takes a value of essentially zero claim 2 , or d) a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein exposing the input fluid stream to an adsorbent comprises exposing the input fluid stream to an adsorbent in a swing adsorption vessel.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature and the second temperature are the same claim 1 , wherein the first pressure and the second pressure are the same claim 1 , or a combination thereof.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming an adsorbed product fluid stream comprises modifying the second temperature of the adsorbent.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming an adsorbed product fluid stream comprises exposing a fluid stream comprising a third component to the adsorbent comprising zeolite ITQ-55 claim 1 ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ACID GAS SEPARATION COMPOSITE MEMBRANE, AND ACID GAS SEPARATION MEMBRANE MODULE

A solution is to produce an acid gas separation composite membrane provided with an acid gas separation facilitated membrane on a porous support, including; arranging of a coating liquid for acid gas separation formed through dispersing or dissolving into water a polyvinyl acetal compound formed through crosslinking, by an acetal bond, block copolymers formed through bonding of a polymer block formed of polyvinyl alcohol and a polymer block formed of polyacrylate through a linking group, an acid gas carrier and at least one kind of anion other than hydroxide ion, carboxyl ion, carbonate ion and bicarbonate ion, and coating of the coating liquid for acid gas separation onto a hydrophobic surface of the porous support having hydrophobicity at least on one surface to form the acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane thereon. 1. A method for producing an acid gas separation composite membrane provided with an acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane on a porous support , comprising;arranging of a coating liquid for acid gas separation formed through dispersing or dissolving into water a polyvinyl acetal compound formed through crosslinking, by an acetal bond, block copolymers formed through bonding of a polymer block formed of polyvinyl alcohol and a polymer block formed of polyacrylate through a linking group,an acid gas carrier, andat least one kind of anion other than hydroxide ion, carboxyl ion, carbonate ion and bicarbonate ion, andcoating of the coating liquid for acid gas separation onto the surface of the porous support having hydrophobicity at least on one surface to form the acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane thereon.2. The method for producing the acid gas separation composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the linking group is a sulfide group.3. The method for producing the acid gas separation composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein viscosity of the coating liquid for acid gas separation is 0.4 Pa·s or ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOSITE FOR ACID GAS SEPARATION

An art is provided for preparing a coating liquid for formation of an acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane, the coating liquid containing a hydrophilic compound, an acid gas carrier and water, using as a porous support a laminated membrane between a hydrophobic porous membrane and an auxiliary support membrane, coating onto a surface of the hydrophobic porous membrane of the laminated membrane the coating liquid for formation at a liquid membrane thickness of 0.3 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, and drying the coated liquid membrane to form a first acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane, and further coating the coating liquid for formation of the acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane onto the previously formed acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane, and drying the coated liquid membrane to form a next acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane. 1. A method of producing a composite for acid gas separation , the composite provided with an acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane having a function of separating an acid gas in a raw material gas on a porous support , comprising:a coating liquid preparation step for preparing a coating liquid for formation of the acid gas facilitated transport membrane, the coating liquid containing a hydrophilic compound, an acid gas carrier and water;an initial layer formation step for forming a first acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane by using as the porous support a laminated membrane between a hydrophobic porous membrane and an auxiliary support membrane, coating on a surface of the hydrophobic porous membrane of the laminated membrane the coating liquid for formation at a liquid membrane thickness of 0.3 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, and drying the coated liquid membrane; anda next layer formation step one or more times for forming a next acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane by further coating on the previously formed acid gas ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOSITE FOR ACID GAS SEPARATION

Preparing forming coating liquid for an acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane which includes a hydrophilic compound, an acid gas carrier, and water, coating the forming coating liquid, using a layered film layered in the order of a hydrophilic porous film, a hydrophobic porous film, and an auxiliary support film as a porous support, on a surface of the hydrophilic porous film of the layered film with a liquid film thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm and drying the coated liquid to form a first acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane, and further coating the forming coating liquid for the acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane on the surface of the hydrophilic porous film with the previously formed acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane and drying the coated liquid to form a next acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane. 1. A method of producing a composite for acid gas separation with an acid gas separation facilitated transport membraned having a function of separating an acid gas in a raw gas on a porous support , the method comprising:a coating liquid preparation step in which a forming coating liquid for the acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane is prepared, the forming coating liquid including a hydrophilic compound, an acid gas carrier, and water;an initial layer forming step in which a first acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane is formed by coating the forming coating liquid, using a layered film layered in the order of a hydrophilic porous film, a hydrophobic porous film, and an auxiliary support film as the porous support, on a surface of the hydrophilic porous film of the layered film with a liquid film thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm and drying the coated coating liquid; anda next layer forming step in which a next acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane is formed by further coating the forming coating liquid for the acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane ...

REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND SULFUR RECOVERY FROM A GAS STREAM BY CATALYTIC DIRECT OXIDATION AND CLAUS REACTION

A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur recovery from a HS-containing gas stream by catalytic direct oxidation and Claus reaction through two or more serially connected catalytic reactors, wherein a specific control of the oxygen supplement is operated. The control and improvement of the process is obtained by complementing, in each major step of the process, the HS-containing gas stream by a suitable flow of oxygen, namely before the HS-containing gas stream enters the Claus furnace, in the first reactor of the process and in the last reactor of the process. Especially in application in a SubDewPoint sulfur recovery process the HS/SOratio is kept constant also during switch-over of the reactors R1 and R by adding the last auxiliary oxygen containing gas directly upstream the last reactor R so that the HS/SOratio can follow the signal of the ADA within a few seconds. 1. A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (HS) from a HS-containing gas stream through two or more serially connected catalytic reactors , which process comprises:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a) mixing the HS-containing gas stream with a main oxygen-containing gas stream to obtain a gas stream containing both HS and oxygen,'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'b) introducing the obtained gas stream containing both HS and oxygen into a furnace whereby a gas stream depleted in HS is obtained,'}{'sub': '2', 'c) transferring the gas stream depleted in HS to a sulfur condenser to obtain a gas stream depleted in sulfur,'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', 'max', '2, 'sup': 'R1', 'd) introducing the gas stream depleted in sulfur, optionally together with a first auxiliary oxygen-containing gas stream, into a first catalytic reactor R1 containing a catalyst system which catalyzes the Claus reaction of HS with sulfur dioxide (SO), the hydrolysis of COS and CSand optionally direct oxidation of HS with oxygen to sulfur, said reactor being operated at a maximum temperature Tbetween 290 and 350° C., whereby a gas stream depleted ...

ZEOLITE ADSORBENTS HAVING A HIGH EXTERNAL SURFACE AREA AND USES THEREOF

The present invention concerns the use, for gas separation, of at least one zeolite adsorbent material comprising at least one FAU zeolite, said adsorbent having an external surface area greater than 20 m·g, a non-zeolite phase (PNZ) content such that 0 Подробнее

PROCESS FOR AFTERTREATMENT OF REGENERATION OFFGAS

The invention relates to a process for aftertreatment of gas streams in which unwanted components are present in an amount that varies irregularly in a periodic manner or over time and/or in a varying concentration, by means of an absorption or gas scrubbing process. For this purpose, during the entry of the desorption peak into the gas scrubbing apparatus, the amount of scrubbing medium is increased proceeding from a normal value during a first phase and, after the end of the desorption peak, the amount of scrubbing medium is returned back to the normal value during a second phase, wherein the laden scrubbing media are collected in different intermediate vessels during the two phases, mixed and released as a mixture to a downstream scrubbing medium regeneration apparatus. 112.-. (canceled)14. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the first volume flow rate is greater than the second volume flow rate.15. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the first pressure is less than or equal to the pressure that exists in the gas scrubbing apparatus claim 13 , and in that the second pressure is less than or equal to the first pressure.16. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the target component is at least one sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of: mercaptans claim 13 , hydrogen sulfide claim 13 , carbonyl sulfide claim 13 , and total sulfur content as cumulative parameter.17. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the sorbent has been laden with the target component in the sorptive cleaning of a natural gas stream or a synthesis gas stream.18. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the scrubbing medium comprises one or more components selected from the group consisting of: methanol claim 13 , N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) claim 13 , secondary amines claim 13 , diethanolamine claim 13 , tertiary amines claim 13 , methyldiethanolamine claim 13 , polyethylene glycol dialkyl ethers claim 13 , and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.19. ...

System for flare gas recovery using gas sweetening process

The present disclosure includes systems and methods that integrate a flare gas recovery process with a gas sweetening process used in oil and gas refining. A flare gas recovery system includes a primary gas sweetening unit and a liquid-driven ejector in continuous fluid communication with the primary gas sweetening unit. The ejector includes an inlet configured to receive a motive fluid including a regenerable amine solvent in a lean state from the primary gas sweetening unit, a gas inlet configured to receive a suction fluid including a gas, and a fluid outlet configured to either directly or indirectly discharge to the primary gas sweetening unit a two-phase fluid including a mixture of the suction fluid and the amine solvent in a rich state.

Device for producing and treating a gas stream through an automatically controlled volume of liquid

The device for producing and treating a gas stream (F) includes an exchange enclosure ( 2 ) having at least a first discharge opening ( 2 b ) for a gas stream, means ( 3; 4 ) for supplying the enclosure with a liquid (L), means ( 3; 5 ) for discharging the liquid (L) contained in the exchange enclosure ( 2 ) and aeraulic means ( 6 ), which make it possible, during operation, to create, by means of suction or blowing, an incoming gas stream (F) coming from outside the exchange enclosure ( 2 ), so that said incoming gas stream (F) is introduced into the volume of liquid (V) contained in the exchange enclosure ( 2 ), and an outgoing gas stream (F′), treated by direct contact with said volume of liquid, rises inside the exchange enclosure and is discharged out of the exchange enclosure ( 2 ) through the discharge opening ( 2 b ).

Task specific ionic liquid-impregnated polymeric surface coatings for antibacterial, antifouling, and metal scavenging activity

Disclosed are polymer-coated surfaces encapsulating task specific ionic liquids (ILs), IL complexes, or oils. Also disclosed are polymer-coated surfaces, wherein the polymer comprises ILs or neutral ethylene diamine compounds. Also disclosed are methods of antimicrobial treatment, metal remediation, and gas absorption using polymer coatings encapsulating ILs, IL complexes, and oils or polymer coatings comprising ILs and neutral ethylene diamine compounds.

UNCONDITIONED SYNGAS COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF CLEANING UP SAME FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESSING

A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations. 1. An unconditioned syngas generated by steam reforming of biomass in the presence of carbon dioxide and suitable for the production of Fischer-Tropsch products therefrom , the unconditioned syngas having a component composition comprising:(a) a carbon monoxide concentration ranging from between 5 volume percent to 35 volume percent on a dry basis;(b) a hydrogen concentration ranging from between 20 volume percent to 60 volume percent on a dry basis;(c) one or more volatile organic compounds (VOC) selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, phenol, styrene, xylene, cresol, and combinations thereof, the VOC concentration ranges from between 500 parts per million by volume to 10,000 parts per million by volume on a dry basis;(d) one or more semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) selected from the group consisting of indene, indan, napthalene, methylnapthalene, acenapthylene, acenapthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, (methyl-) anthracenes/phenanthrenes, pyrene/fluoranthene, methylpyrenes/benzofluorenes, chrysene, benz[a]anthracene, methylchrysenes, methylbenz[a]anthracenes, perylene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,kl]anthracene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, and combinations thereof, the SVOC concentration ranges from between 10 parts per million by volume to 1,000 parts per million by volume on a dry basis;(e) a hydrogen chloride concentration ranging from between greater than 0 parts per million by volume to 1,000 parts per million by volume on a dry basis; and(f) a hydrogen sulfide concentration ...

Enhancement of claus tail gas treatment by sulfur dioxide-selective membrane technology

A method for increasing sulfur recovery from an acid gas feed comprising the steps of introducing the acid gas feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air stream to a Claus process to produce a product gas stream, introducing the product gas stream to a thermal oxidizer to produce a flue gas stream, cooling the flue gas stream to produce a cooled take-off stream, separating the cooled take-off stream into a saturated gas stream, heating the saturated gas stream to produce a membrane gas stream, introducing the membrane gas stream to a membrane sweeping unit, the membrane sweeping unit comprises a membrane, the sulfur dioxide in the membrane gas stream permeates the membrane of the membrane sweeping unit, introducing a sweep air stream, the sweep air stream collects the sulfur dioxide to create the sulfur dioxide enriched air stream.

PROCESS FOR HYDROGEN SULFIDE SCRUBBING AND METHOD FOR FERRIC ION REGENERATION

A process and method for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas and regenerating ferric ions consumed in the hydrogen sulfide scrubbing process at low pH. A two-scrubber regenerative chemical scrubbing system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas that provides an economical system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas at low pH without the need for chelating agents. An oxide of manganese is used as a catalyst to enhance the regeneration of ferric ions in an aqueous solution under acidic conditions in the presence of oxygen. The process may further include contacting the aqueous solution with a second gas comprising air to replenish the dissolved oxygen in the aqueous solution. The regenerated solution comprising ferric ions can be reused to treat additional hydrogen sulfide containing gases. 1. A process for treating a hydrogen sulfide containing gas , comprising:contacting an aqueous solution containing ferric ions with the hydrogen sulfide containing gas, wherein the aqueous solution has a pH of about 6.0 or less,extracting and dissolving hydrogen sulfide from the hydrogen sulfide containing gas into the aqueous solution,reacting the dissolved hydrogen sulfide with the ferric ions in the aqueous solution to produce ferrous ions and sulfur, wherein the sulfur is insoluble in solution; andregenerating ferric ions in the aqueous solution using a catalyst.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the aqueous solution with a second gas.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the second gas is air.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution has a pH of 4.5 or less.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the aqueous solution has a pH of 2.0 or less.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is an oxide of manganese.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the oxide of manganese is at least one of MnO claim 6 , MnO claim 6 , MnO claim 6 , MnO claim 6 , MnO claim 6 , and MnO.8. The process of claim 6 , wherein the oxide of manganese is MnO.9. The ...

Pushable Multi-Fiber Connector

Multi-fiber, fiber optic cable assemblies may be configured so that the terminal ends of the cables have pre-assembled back-post assemblies that include pre-assembled ferrules, such as MPO ferrules that meet the requisite tolerances needed for fiber optic transmissions. To protect the pre-assembled components from damage prior to and during installation, pre-assembled components may be enclosed within a protective housing. The housing with pre-assembled components may be of a size smaller than fully assembled connectors so as to be sized to fit through a conduit. The remaining connector housing components for the multi-fiber connectors may be provided separately and may be configured to be attached to the back-post assembly after installation of the cable. 1. A terminal assembly for a multi-fiber optical cable , comprising:a back post member configured to couple to the multi-fiber optical cable;a ferrule;an insert configured to align with the ferrule, the insert being one of a pin holder insert and a pin alignment insert; anda housing including a first housing component and a second housing component configured to couple to the first housing component so as to form at least one chamber therebetween for receiving at least the ferrule, each of the first and second housing components being further configured to couple to the back post member.2. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one chamber is configured to further receive the insert.3. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a biasing member disposed between the back post member and the insert claim 1 , the back post member including a cavity configured to receive the biasing member.4. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , wherein the ferrule is an MPO ferrule.5. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , wherein a maximum first dimension of the back post member in a first transverse cross-sectional direction is in a range of about 5 mm to about 9 mm.6. The terminal assembly of claim 5 , ...

DISTRIBUTED HYDROGEN EXTRACTION SYSTEM

A hydrogen extraction system is provided. The extraction system can comprise a compressor for compressing a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and a desulfurization unit for receiving the compressed gas mixture. The system can also comprise a hydrogen-extraction device for receiving a reduced-sulfur gas mixture and a hydrogen storage device for receiving an extracted hydrogen gas. A method of extracting hydrogen from a gas mixture comprising natural gas and hydrogen, and a method of determining an energy price are also provided. 1. A system for monitoring a flow of hydrogen gas mixture , the system comprising:a meter for determining a mass flow rate of hydrogen gas;a meter determining a mass flow rate of natural gas;wherein the system is configured to multiply the mass flow rate of hydrogen gas by a factor for hydrogen gas;wherein the system is configured to multiply the mass flow rate of natural gas by a factor for natural gas; andwherein the system is configured to determine an energy price by adding i) the product of the mass flow rate of hydrogen gas and a factor for hydrogen gas and ii) the product of the mass flow rate of natural gas by a factor for natural gas.2. The system of claim 1 , further configured to determine the mass flow rate of natural gas by subtracting the mass flow rate of hydrogen gas from a flow rate of a gas mixture comprising hydrogen gas and natural gas.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the factor for hydrogen gas comprises a market value factor for hydrogen gas.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the factor for natural gas comprises a market value factor for natural gas.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the factor for hydrogen gas comprises a factor to account for the value added to a network by the return of hydrogen gas to the network and the factor for natural gas comprises a factor to account for the value depleted from a network by the extraction of hydrogen gas from the network.6. The system of claim 1 , further configured to supply ...

SULFIDE OXIDATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS

A separation zone and a method of separating a mixed stream are described. The separation zone includes a tank and a stack having a gas outlet. A first baffle is positioned between the sides and defines a disulfide liquid compartment. The stack is positioned above the disulfide liquid compartment. A second baffle is positioned between the first baffle and the second side and defines an alkali compartment. The second baffle has a height less than the height of the first baffle. A third baffle is positioned between the first and second baffles. The bottom of the third baffle is at a height less than the height of the second baffle, and the top of the third baffle is at a height greater than the height of the first baffle. 1. A separation zone comprising:a tank having an inlet, a disulfide liquid outlet, an alkali liquid outlet, and a stack having a gas outlet, the tank having front and back sides and first and second sidesa first baffle extending upward from the bottom of the tank and having a first height, the first baffle positioned between the first and second sides and extending from the front side to the back side, a space between the first side and the first baffle defining a disulfide liquid compartment, the stack being positioned above the disulfide liquid compartment;a second baffle extending upward from the bottom of the tank and having a second height less than the first height, the second baffle positioned between the first baffle and the second side and extending from the front side to the back side, a space between the second baffle and the second side defining an alkali compartment; anda third baffle spaced apart from the bottom of the tank, the third baffle positioned between the first and second baffles and extending from the front side to the back side, the bottom of the third baffle being at a height less than the second height, the top of the third baffle being at a height greater than the first height.2. The separation zone of further comprising a ...

MERCURY REMOVAL APPARATUS, A FLUE GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM, AND A METHOD OF REMOVING MERCURY

A mercury removal apparatus for removing the metal mercury in an flue gas containing the metal mercury and halogen, including an electro discharging device including a first electrode and a second electrode facing the first electrode, and activating the mercury by generating a streamer discharge, an oxidizing catalyst device provided at an output of the electro discharging device, to oxidize the mercury by reacting with halogen in the flue gas. 1. A mercury removal apparatus for removing the metal mercury in flue gas containing the metal mercury , comprising:an electro discharging device including a first electrode and a second electrode facing the first electrode, to activate the mercury by generating streamer discharge; andan oxidizing catalyst device provided at an output of the electro discharging device, to oxide the mercury by reacting with the halogen in the flue gas.2. The mercury removal apparatus of claim 1 , comprising:multiple sets of the electro discharging device and the oxidizing catalyst device provided serially.3. The mercury removal apparatus of claim 1 , comprising:multiple sets of the electro discharging device and oxidizing catalyst device provided in parallel.4. The mercury removal apparatus of claim 1 , whereinthe second electrode surrounds the first electrode, and the second electrode includes an opening through which the flue gas flows.5. The mercury removal apparatus of claim 1 , whereina gap between the first electrode and second electrode is from 5 mm to 30 mm.6. The mercury removal apparatus of claim 1 , whereinthe oxidizing catalyst device includes a catalytic support composed of metal or ceramic.7. The mercury removal apparatus of claim 1 , whereinthe second electrode is arranged as a planar square shape, and the first electrode is provided at the center of the square.8. The mercury removal apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a pulse power supply unit adding a pulse voltage to the first electrode.9. The mercury removal apparatus ...

Acid gas capture system and method saving energy by cooling absorbent, which has passed reboiler, by means of steam condensate

The present invention relates to a system and a method therefor capable of reducing the amount of heat which must be supplied to a regeneration tower for regenerating an absorbent in an acid gas capture system for such acid gas as carbon dioxide, and provides an acid gas capture system and an acid gas capture method capable of reducing energy consumption by using the heat from the system itself in an acid gas capture system. The system and method according to the present invention have the benefit of saving energy by lowering the thermal demand of a reboiler by using the low-temperature steam condensate generated in the capture system to cool the upper end of the regeneration tower and a steam generator and compressor.

Renewable transportation fuel process with thermal oxidation sysem

A process for treating effluent streams in a renewable transportation fuel production process is described. One or more of the sour water stream and an acid gas stream are treated directly in thermal oxidation section. The process allows the elimination or size reduction of a sour water stripper unit, waste water treatment plant, and sulfur recovery unit.

Application of formaldehyde sulfoxylates for scavenging h2s

A scavenger comprising a formaldehyde sulfoxylate may be used to scavenge hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) from systems that are brine or mixed production. Suitable formaldehyde sulfoxylates include, but are not necessarily limited to, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and calcium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, potassium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, magnesium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, iron formaldehyde sulfoxylate, copper formaldehyde sulfoxylate, alkene aldehyde sulfoxylates, and combinations thereof.

Composition for the Purification of Flue Gas

The invention relates to a composition for the purification of flue gas containing 35 to 99 wt. % of a powder of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid and 1 to 65 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material, wherein the powder of an absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm/g. The invention also relates to a process for dry flue gas purification and the use of an absorptive material to improve the flowability and/or storability and/or HF absorptivity of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid. 120.-. (canceled)21. A composition for the purification of flue gas , said composition containing , in each case based on the total weight of the composition:a. 35 to 50 wt. % of a powder of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid; andb. 50 to 65 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material;wherein said powder of said absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm3/g, and wherein said absorptive material is an absorbent for sulfur oxides and/or an absorbent for hydrogen chloride and/or hydrogen fluoride, and wherein said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sesquicarbonate, and mixtures thereof.22. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said powder of said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 50 μm; and/or wherein said powder of said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 180 μm.23. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid is sodium hydrogen carbonate and/or sodium sesquicarbonate.24. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said absorptive material is selected from the group consisting of limestone claim 21 , quicklime claim 21 , hydrated lime claim 21 , dolomite claim 21 , dolomitic quicklime claim 21 , dolomitic hydrated lime ...

Low Cost Immobilized Amine Regenerable Solid Sorbents

A method of modifying a chemical interaction between a functional group of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent composition and a compound that chemically interacts with the functional group to reduce the heat required to desorb the compound from the solid sorbent. A method of inhibiting degradation of an immobilized amine in an immobilized amine solid sorbent. Compositions and methods of use of a low-cost regenerable immobilized amine solid sorbent resistant to degradation. 1. A method of removing a compound from a gas stream comprising: i. an immobilized amine susceptible to chemosorbing the compound,', 'ii. an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the compound and the amine, and', 'iii. an inorganic base,, 'a. employing a regenerable solid sorbent in the gas stream, wherein the regenerable solid sorbent comprises,'}b. allowing the regenerable solid sorbent to adsorb the compound from the gas stream, and;c. heating the solid sorbent to a temperature above the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the adsorbed compound and the immobilized amine, but below the threshold temperature for dissociation of the immobilized amine.2. The method of wherein the gas stream is flue gas claim 1 , the compound is CO claim 1 , the solid support is SiO claim 1 , the amine is an aliphatic amine claim 1 , the adhesive is an epoxy claim 1 , the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol and the inorganic base is NaCO.3. The method of wherein the gas stream is flue gas and the compound is SO claim 1 , the solid support is SiO claim 1 , the amine is an aromatic amine claim 1 , the adhesive is an epoxy claim 1 , the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol and the inorganic base is NaCO.4. A regenerable immobilized amine solid sorbent composition comprising:a. a solid support particle, 'i. wherein the immobilized amine comprises an adhesive and an amine susceptible to adsorbing a compound,', 'b. an ...

CATALYST FOR METAL MERCURY OXIDATION REACTIONS AND NITROGEN OXIDE REDUCTION REACTIONS, AND EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION METHOD

A catalyst for oxidation reaction of metallic mercury and reduction reaction of nitrogen oxide, comprising an oxide of titanium, an oxide of molybdenum, an oxide of vanadium, an oxide of phosphorus and gypsum is obtained by kneading titanium dioxide, ammonium molybdate, ammonium metavanadate, phosphoric acid, gypsum dihydrate and water using a kneader to obtain a paste, applying the paste to a metal lath substrate, and then drying and calcining the resultant. 1. A catalyst for oxidation reaction of metallic mercury and reduction reaction of nitrogen oxide , comprising:an oxide of titanium,an oxide of molybdenum and/or tungsten,an oxide of vanadium,an oxide of phosphorus, andgypsum.2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the dry-based mass of gypsum dihydrate to the mass of the oxide of titanium is 1/99 to 40/60.3. A method for exhaust gas purification claim 1 , comprising bringing an exhaust gas containing metallic mercury claim 1 , nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide in contact with a catalyst comprising an oxide of titanium claim 1 , an oxide of molybdenum and/or tungsten claim 1 , an oxide of vanadium claim 1 , an oxide of phosphorus and gypsum to oxidize the metallic mercury and reduce the nitrogen oxide. The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxidation reaction of metallic mercury and reduction reaction of nitrogen oxide, and a method for exhaust gas purification. More specifically, the present invention relates to a catalyst that is capable of accelerating gas phase oxidation reaction of metallic mercury and gas phase reduction reaction of nitrogen oxide, and is also capable of suppressing gas phase oxidation reaction of sulfur dioxide, as well as a method for purifying exhaust gas, which comprises oxidizing metallic mercury and reducing nitrogen oxide.There is concern that metallic mercury contained in flue gas discharged from power stations, factories, automobiles and the like affects the environment. Hence, removal of metallic ...

ENHANCEMENT OF CLAUS TAIL GAS TREATMENT BY SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE ABSORPTION TECHNOLOGY

A method for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed is provided. The method comprising the steps of mixing the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream to form a combined Claus feed, introducing the combined Claus feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed to a Claus process to produce a Claus outlet gas stream, introducing the Claus outlet gas stream to a thermal oxidizer, treating the thermal oxidizer outlet stream in a gas treatment unit to produce a dehydrated stream, introducing the dehydrated stream to a membrane sweeping unit to produce a sweep membrane residue stream and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed, introducing a sweep air stream to a permeate side of the membrane sweeping unit, and introducing the sweep membrane residue stream to a sulfur dioxide absorption process to produce the absorption process outlet stream and a stack feed. 1. A system for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed , the system comprising:a Claus process, the Claus process configured to convert a combined Claus feed to produce a Claus outlet gas stream and a recovered sulfur stream, wherein the combined Claus feed comprises the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide such that the acid gas feed has a hydrogen sulfide concentration, wherein the absorption process outlet stream comprises sulfur dioxide, wherein the Claus outlet gas stream comprises sulfur-containing compounds, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide; wherein the recovered sulfur stream comprises elemental sulfur,a thermal oxidizer fluidly connected to the Claus process, the thermal oxidizer configured to convert sulfur-containing compounds and hydrogen sulfide in the Claus outlet gas stream to sulfur dioxide to produce a thermal oxidizer outlet stream, wherein the thermal oxidizer outlet stream comprises the sulfur dioxide and water vapor;a gas treatment unit fluidly connected to the thermal oxidizer, the thermal oxidizer configured to ...

Reclaiming method

A reclaiming method is disclosed including conducting evaporation by introducing a part of the absorbent to recover CO2 or H2S in a gas in a closed system recovery unit and separating a degraded substance contained in the absorbent from the absorbent to be introduced into an evaporator and obtain recovery steam containing an absorbent and CO2 or H2S by a heating section that is provided on a circulation line that circulates in the evaporator; and removing ionic degraded substance by cooling the concentrate obtained in the evaporation and removing an ionic degraded substance in the concentrate after the cooling, wherein a purified concentrate from which the ionic degraded substance has been removed is reused as a purified absorbent.

GAS CAPTURE SYSTEM

Disclosed herein is a method of regenerating a sorbent of gas in a capture process of said gas, wherein the capture process comprises recirculating the sorbent between a gas capturing system and regenerating reactor system, the method comprising the regenerating reactor system performing the steps of: receiving a solid sorbent to be regenerated, wherein the sorbent is a sorbent of carbon dioxide gas; generating heat by combusting a fuel with an oxidising agent in the presence of a catalyst; regenerating the sorbent by using the generated heat to indirectly heat the sorbent so that the sorbent releases carbon dioxide gas; outputting the regenerated sorbent; and outputting the released carbon dioxide gas. Advantages of the gas capture system include a higher efficiency than known techniques. 1. A method of regenerating a sorbent of gas in a capture process of said gas , wherein the capture process comprises recirculating the sorbent between a gas capturing system and regenerating reactor system , the method comprising the regenerating reactor system performing the steps of:receiving a solid sorbent to be regenerated, wherein the sorbent is a sorbent of carbon dioxide gas;generating heat by combusting a fuel with an oxidising agent in the presence of a catalyst;regenerating the sorbent by using the generated heat to indirectly heat the sorbent so that the sorbent releases carbon dioxide gas;outputting the regenerated sorbent; andoutputting the released carbon dioxide gas.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the regenerating reactor system comprises:a sorbent input that receives the sorbent; anda sorbent output that outputs the regenerated sorbent.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said step of regenerating the sorbent by indirectly heating the sorbent comprises indirectly heating the sorbent as it moves from the sorbent input to the sorbent output.4. The method according to any preceding claim claim 2 , wherein the received sorbent comprises a metal ...

TREATED WATER DRYING DEVICE AND BOILER SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME

A treated water drying device for vaporizing treated water by heat of a combustion gas, the device including a housing , a combustion gas supply port for supplying the combustion gas to the housing , a water supply portion for vaporizing the treated water by bringing the treated water into contact with the combustion gas supplied to the housing , and an exhaust port for discharging a water-containing gas including the vaporized treated water to an outside of the housing . The exhaust port is disposed at a lowermost part of the housing and opens in a direction crossing a vertical direction. The housing has a bottom including an inclined portion formed toward the exhaust port 2. The boiler system according to claim 1 ,wherein the inclined portion is formed at an angle which is not less than a repose angle of solids included in the combustion gas.3. The boiler system according to claim 1 ,wherein the inclined portion is formed at an angle of not less than 30° and less than 90° with respect to a horizontal direction.4. The boiler system according to claim 1 ,wherein the inclined portion includes a planar portion.5. The boiler system according to claim 1 , comprising an exhaust duct connected to the exhaust port claim 1 , an exhaust duct body portion giving passage to the water-containing gas discharged from the exhaust port; and', 'a solid collection portion defining a collection space communicating with an opening formed in a lower part of the exhaust duct body portion, the collection space being provided to collect solids included in the water-containing gas passing through the exhaust duct body portion., 'wherein the exhaust duct includes6. The boiler system according to claim 5 ,wherein the housing includes a first protruding member protruding from an upper end of the exhaust port into the housing.7. The boiler system according to claim 5 ,wherein the solid collection portion includes an opening/closing member for opening/closing the opening.8. The boiler system ...