РЕГЕНЕРАТИВНОЕ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЕ ДИОКСИДА СЕРЫ ИЗ ГАЗООБРАЗНЫХ ВЫБРОСОВ

Изобретение относится к способам селективного удаления примесей из газообразных выбросов. В частности, к селективному удалению и извлечению диоксида серы из газообразных выбросов в способе абсорбции/десорбции диоксида серы, в котором применяют буферизованый водный абсорбирующий раствор, содержащий малат натрия, чтобы селективно абсорбировать диоксид серы газообразного выброса. Могут применяться ингибиторы окисления. Абсорбированный диоксид серы затем десорбируют, чтобы регенерировать абсорбирующий раствор и получить газ, обогащенный по отношению к содержанию диоксида серы. Регенерация абсорбирующего раствора может включать в себя встроенный десорбер диоксида серы и теплонасосную систему, чтобы обеспечить повышенную энергоэффективность. Другие варианты осуществления настоящего изобретения относятся к способу одновременного удаления диоксида серы и оксидов азота (NO) из газообразных выбросов и извлечения диоксида серы. В этом способе применяется буферизованный водный абсорбирующий раствор ...

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ ОТХОДЯЩЕГО ГАЗА

Изобретение относится к области химии и может быть использовано для очистки отходящего газа. По первому варианту отходящий газ, содержащий, по меньшей мере, диоксид серы и ртуть, приводят в контакт с абсорбирующей жидкостью, где в абсорбирующую жидкость добавляют персульфат для удаления ртути из отходящего газа. Персульфат добавляют для создания концентрации персульфата, равной от 500 до 5000 мг/л. По второму варианту к отходящему газу, содержащему, по меньшей мере, диоксид серы и ртуть, добавляют газообразный йод и затем приводят его в контакт с абсорбирующей жидкостью в установке десульфуризации топочных газов мокрого типа. Изобретение позволяет с высокой скоростью удалять диоксид серы и ртуть. 2 н. и 18 з.п. ф-лы, 8 ил., 1 табл.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ ДВУОКИСИ СЕРЫ ИЗ ГАЗА

Изобретение относится к способу и устройству для выделения двуокиси серы. Устройство для выделения двуокиси серы из газа имеет вход для газа и выход для газа, пластину с отверстиями, которая расположена между входом и выходом газа и дает возможность газу проходить снизу. На своей верхней стороне пластина с отверстиями поддерживает проточный слой поглощающей жидкости. Входной трубопровод соединяет контейнер для поглощающей жидкости с верхней стороной пластины с отверстиями. Насос переносит поглощающую жидкость из контейнера через входной трубопровод к верхней стороне пластины с отверстиями и вдоль пластины с отверстиями. Устройство также имеет выходную емкость для сбора поглощающей жидкости, протекающей по пластине с отверстиями, и, по меньшей мере, одни средства распределения, которые расположены в контакте с газом, который подается в устройство через вход, при этом жидкость протекает из выходной емкости в контейнер до того, как газ проходит через пластину с отверстиями. Изобретение позволяет ...

СПОСОБ И УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ СИНЕРГИЧЕСКОЙ ОЧИСТКИ ДЫМОВОГО ГАЗА С НЕСКОЛЬКИМИ ЗАГРЯЗНИТЕЛЯМИ

Группа изобретений относится к способу и установке для обработки загрязнителей и, в частности, относится к способу и установке для совместной очистки дымового газа с несколькими загрязнителями, которые относятся к области охраны окружающей среды. Способ и устройство для синергической очистки дымового газа с несколькими загрязнителями включает после денитрификационной обработки добавление системы окислительной обработки и пропускание дымового газа, прошедшего денитрификационную обработку, через систему окислительной обработки, благодаря чему монооксид углерода в дымовом газе превращается в диоксид углерода. Тепло, выделяющееся в результате процесса, непосредственно используется для повышения температуры дымового газа перед входом в установку денитрификации, сокращая или даже исключая процесс повышения температуры дымового газа нагреванием с помощью внешнего топлива. Для достижения цели повышения температуры дымового газа для денитрификационной обработки, экономя или даже исключая использование ...

СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ДЕСУЛЬФУРИЗАЦИИ, ДЕНИТРИФИКАЦИИ И УДАЛЕНИЯ АММИАКА

Группа изобретений относится к устройствам очистки дымового газа, использующим активированный уголь, которые относятся к устройствам для очистки дымового газа с использованием активированного угля и подходят для очистки загрязнения воздуха,и, в частности, к системе десульфуризации, денитрификации и удаления аммиака для очистки дымового газа процессов агломерации, и относится к области охраны окружающей среды. Система содержит адсорбционную колонну, десорбционную колонну, распределитель, первый конвейер активированного угля и второй конвейер активированного угля. Впуск для дымового газа предусмотрен на одной стороне адсорбционной колонны. Выпуск для дымового газа предусмотрен на другой стороне адсорбционной колонны. Внутри адсорбционной колонны предусмотрены адсорбционная камера и камера для удаления аммиака. Адсорбционная камера расположена на стороне, близкой к впуску для дымового газа. Камера удаления аммиака расположена на стороне, близкой к выпуску для дымового газа. Первый конвейер ...

Катализатор, способ его получения, применение и способ извлечения серы

Настоящее изобретение относится к катализатору, способу его получения и применения, а также к способу извлечения серы с использованием этого катализатора. Катализатор содержит диоксид титана в качестве носителя, оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия и оксид кальция, при этом, исходя из 100 масс. % катализатора, содержание диоксида титана составляет 80-96 масс. %, содержание оксида кальция составляет 2-10 масс. % и содержание оксида лютеция и/или оксида церия составляет 2-10 масс. %. Катализатор по настоящему изобретению содержит оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия в качестве активных ингредиентов, диоксид титана в качестве носителя и оксид кальция в качестве регулятора щелочности, при определенном соотношении для совместного действия; когда катализатор используют в процессе извлечения серы, он имеет улучшенную стабильность активности, улучшенную активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений и активность в реакции Клауса, при этом активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений составляет ...

Катализатор, способ его получения, применение и способ извлечения серы

Настоящее изобретение относится к катализатору, способу его получения и применения, а также к способу извлечения серы с использованием этого катализатора. Катализатор содержит диоксид титана в качестве носителя, оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия и оксид кальция, при этом, исходя из 100 масс. % катализатора, содержание диоксида титана составляет 80-96 масс. %, содержание оксида кальция составляет 2-10 масс. % и содержание оксида лютеция и/или оксида церия составляет 2-10 масс. %. Катализатор по настоящему изобретению содержит оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия в качестве активных ингредиентов, диоксид титана в качестве носителя и оксид кальция в качестве регулятора щелочности, при определенном соотношении для совместного действия; когда катализатор используют в процессе извлечения серы, он имеет улучшенную стабильность активности, улучшенную активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений и активность в реакции Клауса, при этом активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений составляет ...

Способ контроля соединений и условий в устройстве для мокрой десульфуризации дымовых газов (WFGD)

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ОБОГАЩЕННОГО ДИОКСИДОМ УГЛЕРОДА ТОПОЧНОГО ГАЗА

... 1. Способ очистки обогащенного диоксидом углерода топочного газа, содержащего диоксид серы, который образуется в бойлере, сжигающем топливо в присутствии газа, содержащего газообразный кислород, где способ включает:отделение, по меньшей мере, 80% содержания диоксида серы топочного газа, который образуется в бойлере, в первом устройстве газоочистки для получения частично очищенного обогащенного диоксидом углерода топочного газа,направление, по меньшей мере, части частично очищенного обогащенного диоксидом углерода топочного газа во второе устройство газоочистки, которое отделено от первого устройства газоочистки,охлаждение в указанном втором устройстве газоочистки частично очищенного обогащенного диоксидом углерода топочного газа для конденсации, содержащейся в нем воды, в результате чего образуется очищенный обогащенный диоксидом углерода топочный газ, имеющий меньшую концентрацию водяного пара, чем частично очищенный обогащенный диоксидом углерода топочный газ.2. Способ по п.1, в котором ...

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ СУЛЬФИДА ИЗ ВОДНОГО РАСТВОРА

СПОСОБ УЛАВЛИВАНИЯ ДИОКСИДА СЕРЫ ИЗ ГАЗОВОГО ПОТОКА

Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abfall in einer Poliervorrichtung

Vorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen von Düngemitteln aus Abgasen einer Produktionsanlage

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Düngemitteln aus Abgasen einer Produktionsanlage, beispielsweise einer Anlage zur Zementherstellung, wobei die Abgase vollständig umgesetzt werden, so dass diese Abgase nicht in die Umwelt gelangen. Dazu werden die Abgase von der Produktionsanlage direkt in die Vorrichtung eingebracht. Abgase wie NOx und/oder SO2 werden in dieser Vorrichtung zuerst oxidiert und anschließend zu NH4NO3 bzw. zu (NH4)2SO4 weiterverarbeitet. CO2 wird in dieser Vorrichtung zu NH4HCO3 weiterverarbeitet, während Stickstoff in Ammoniak umgewandelt wird und dieser Ammoniak unter anderem dazu verwendet wird, aus CO2 NH4HCO3 herzustellen.

Verfahren zur trockenen Entschwefelung eines Verbrennungsabgases

Verfahren zur Detektion oxidierbarer und/oder reduzierbarer Gase in der Luft sowie Vorrichtung hierzu

Working up power station effluent gas scrubbing liq. - using ultrasonics to increase contact surface area with the oxidant

Process for working up liqs. used to scrub SO2-contg. effluent gases, e.g. from power stations. In order to form a greater contact area between prodn. in the liq. and the air/O2 used to oxidise them ultrasonic sound is used in the oxidn. region.

Verfahren zum Entschwefeln von Verbrennungsabgasen

MACRORETICULAR POROUS RESINS

... 1389210 Sulphonated macroreticular resins ROHM & HAAS CO 20 Dec 1971 [28 Dec 1970 22 Nov 1971 6 Dec 1971] 27127/74 Divided out of 1389209 Heading C3P The invention comprises sulphonation products of macroreticular resins which are copolymers of a heterocyclic nitrogen monomer and a cross-linking aromatic monomer, especially copolymers of (i) 20-60 wt. per cent of a polyvinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer, e.g. di- or tri-vinyl benzene and (ii) 80-40 wt. per cent of a vinyl nitrogen heterocyclic monomer, e.g. vinyl pyridine. Up to half of the latter may be replaced by another monomer, of which many are specified. Examples describe the sulphonation, with 99% H 2 SO 4 or a mixture thereof with ethylene dichloride, of macroreticular copolymers of 4-vinyl pyridine, divinyl benzene and ethyl vinyl benzene.

SORBENTS FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE AND PREPARATION THEREOF

... 1416717 Treating waste gases EXXON RESEARCH & ENG CO 1 Nov 1972 [1 Nov 1971 8 March 1972 25 Sept 1972] 24092/75 Divided out of 1416716 Heading C1A A method of preparing a solid sorbent capable of selectively removing sulphur dioxide from a gas mixture containing it comprises (i) immersing a porous, solid, inorganic, hydrophilic carrier in a polar organic presoak liquid until the particles are substantially completely saturated with the polar liquid, the quantity of presoak liquid exceeding the total pore volume of the particles; (ii) separating the thus saturated particles of carrier material from the presoak liquid and, without drying, immersing said saturated particles of carrier in an impregnating solution of a compound which is decomposable into a desired active material capable of selectively fixing sulphur dioxide for a time sufficient to permit the impregnating liquid to penetrate the particles substantially to a selected depth which is less than total penetration and (iii) separating ...

Process and apparatus for removing sulphur dioxide from flue gas

... SO2 is removed from flue gases by passing them through a reactor having a plurality of independent compartments containing a porous bed of catalyst which accelerates the oxidation of SO2 to SO3. The reactor has duct means for directing the flue gases through the compartments and a means for selectively isolating one or more of the compartments to enable purging gas to be passed into the isolated compartment so as to re-activate the catalyst while passing the flue gases through at least some of the remaining compartments. As shown in Fig. 2, SO2-containing flue gases, after passing through an electrostatic dust precipitator (38), see Fig. 1 (not shown), enter the cylindrical reactor through duct 72 and pass through those radially spaced cells 52 containing catalyst which are not isolated by hood members 82, 84. The cells 52 have highly perforated walls. The treated flue gases leave via duct 74. Hood members 82, 84 of sectorial cross-section rotate about shaft 91 fitted ...

PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF FLUE GAS

... 1393438 SO 2 and SO 3 removal from gases MONSANTO CO 6 Sept 1972 [7 Sept 1971 14 Feb 1972 20 June 1972] 41358/72 Heading C1A SO 2 and SO 3 are removed from flue gases by scrubbing the gases with a circulating aq. 2-10% by wt. soln. of an amine having a pKa of 7-11À2 and regenerating the spent scrubbing liquor by (a) treating the soln. with Ca ions to incompletely ppt. all the SO 3 ions as CaSO 3 , (b) treating the resultant supernatent liquor having a pH of 7-10 with Ca(OH) 2 or CaO to ppt. at a pH of 10-11À5 the SO 3 and SO 4 ions, contained therein, as CaSO 3 and CaSO 4 , (c) separating the ppt. and then (d) recycling the supernatent liquor to step (a). The amine may be of general formula NR1R2R3 where R1, R2 and R3 are each hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aminoalkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or an aminoalkylene aminoalkyl group, provided that R1, R2 and R3 are not all hydrogen atoms. Preferred ...

Removal and storage of carbon dioxide from flue gases

A system and process is provided, primarily for use in hot climates, using chilled ammonia solution to remove carbon dioxide from desulphurised water-vapour containing flue gases, of a fossil fuel power plant, whilst outputting streams of water 20, 32 and fertiliser. The system comprises first 16 and second 24 flue gas cooling stages, bleed means and a carbon dioxide absorbing stage 34. The CO2 absorbing stage 34 uses a recirculated ammonia-rich solution to absorb carbon dioxide from the cooled dewatered flue gases 10D. Means 47 are provided to remove the CO2 stream from the system for long term storage. The CO2 depleted flue gas 10F is also passed through a sulphuric acid wash stage 50 to remove the ammonia, via reaction to form ammonium sulphate. An initial desulphuriation stage 12 may also be included to remove SOx before the flue gas enters the CO2 removal process.

Desulfurization, dedusting and discharge of hot fly ash-containing flue gas and baghouse unit for use in the process

In connection with the desulfurization and dedusting of flue gas where use is made of a combined spray drying and absorption and the material produced by this process is filtered off from the gas stream together with fly ash, a heating of the flue gas is performed prior to its discharge into the atmosphere by admixture of hot, non-purified flue gas. This admixture takes place so that the flue gas serving for the reheating passes through only a part of the available filter area, which allows the remaining part of the filter area to be kept at a relatively low temperature. This results in a particularly high sulfur dioxide absorption being achieved during the passage of the flue gas through the filter. A baghouse unit divided up in a special manner can be used in the process.

Method and apparatus for treating a gas mixture

A method and apparatus is defined (100) for treating a starting gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and water wherein the method comprises forming a fraction predominantly or exclusively containing carbon d1ox1de. The starting gas mixture is enriched in carbon dioxide and depleted in sulfur dioxide and water in a first group (10) of method steps forming an intermediate gas mixture, the first group (10) of method steps including compressing (11), cooling (12, 13), condensating and drying (13) steps. The intermediate gas mixture is submitted to a second group of method steps (20). The second group (20) of method steps including absorbing (21, 22) steps in which liquid carbon dioxide is used to absorb sulphur dioxide from the intermediate gas mixture, the liquid carbon dioxide being formed from carbon dioxide contained in the intermediate gas mixture after treatment in the absorbing steps (21, 22).

DESULPHURIZATION DEDUSTING AND DISCHARGE OF HOT FLY ASH-CONTAINING FLUE GAS AND BAGHOUSE UNIT FOR USE IN THE PROCESS

DESULPHURIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL GASES

... 1336588 Removing sulphur compounds from gases GRILLO-WERKE AG 14 Dec 1970 [13 Dec 1969] 59308/70 Heading C1A A process for removing one or more sulphurcontaining compounds from an industrial gas comprises contacting the gas in an absorption stage with an aqueous suspension of an absorbent comprising (1) an amphoteric component consisting of an oxide, hydrated oxide or hydroxide or aluminium, zinc, iron or manganese or a mixture of one or more of these, and (2) a basic component consisting of an oxide or hydroxide of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, or a mixture of any two or more of said compounds, which absorbent has a degree of hydration of at least 0À6, the aqueous suspension being circulated through the absorption stage, fresh absorbent being added to and charged absorbent being removed from the circulating aqueous suspension. In a preferred form the waste gas is treated with a suspension of hydroxides and or oxide hydrates of magnesium and manganese and, optionally iron, ...

Removal of sulfur dioxide from a sulfur dioxide-containing gas flow

SO2 is removed from a gas flow by adding to the gas flow NH3 or a liquid which liberates gaseous NH3, injecting a liquid containing NH4HSO3 and/or (NH4)2SO3, with or without (NH4)2SO4, whereby an (NH3)2SO3\t mist is formed, and intimately contacting the gas and liquid in a mechanical separation zone wherein the gas flow is separated from the liquid and mist. The quantity of NH3 added may be dependent on the SO2- content of the gas. The separation zone may divide the gas flow into a plurality of part flows of less than 5 mm. thickness, and may have a gas resistance of at least 40 mm. H2O column. H2SO4 may be added to part of the separated optionally heated, liquid to remove SO2 therefrom, (NH4)2SO4 crystallized from the result liquor, and the mother liquor recycled to the injection stage. The gas flow may be pre-treated by washing with a solution containing (NH4)2SO4, which solution may be the same as that used in the main stage. 0.5-10 g. of steam Nm3 of gas flow may be added to the gas ...

Process for the desulphurisation of combustion gases

Combustion gases are desulphurized by contacting the hot gases with an oxidation catalyst e.g. Pt or V2O5 to oxidize SO2 to SO3 and subsequently adsorbing the SO3 by passage over a solid carbonaceous material, e.g. activated charcoal or coke. The catalytic oxidation and the adsorption of SO3 may take place in either a fixed, moving or fluidized bed or a dust cloud. In the example, exhaust gases from an oil furnace are passed over a Pt wire catalyst at 450 DEG C. and then through a fixed bed of activated carbon at 150 DEG C. The adsorbent may be regenerated by heating to 300-400 DEG C. or by treatment with H2O, when H2SO4 is produced.

Method and system for improving boiler effectiveness

PROCEDURE FOR REMOVING FROM SO2 FROM EXHAUST GASES BY REACTION MITH2O2

PROCEDURE FOR THE GAS ABSORPTION AND DUST NT FERNUNG

PROCEDURE FOR THE DISTANCE OF NOX, SOX AND IMPURITIES FROM GAS FLOWS

USE A AMMONIA OF A DELIVERING RESIDUAL SUBSTANCE

Process for separating sulphur trioxide and oxides of nitrogen from flue gases

Process for removing sulphur trioxide and oxides of nitrogen from flue gases whose heat energy is utilized in at least one heat exchanger, with addition of ammonia or of at least one compound which forms ammonia under the system conditions, where the oxides of nitrogen are reduced catalytically and dust removal is carried out. In this process, the total amount of ammonia or of an ammonia-forming compound which is stoichiometrically required to remove sulphur trioxide and to achieve the desired degree of reduction in the concentration of oxides of nitrogen is introduced upstream of at least one heat exchanger located upstream of the catalyst unit, whereby the SO3 is reacted with ammonia to form solid ammonium sulphate and is removed from the flue gases in a dust separator.

VERFAHREN ZUM ABTRENNEN VON SO2 AUS EINEM GASSTROM UND ANLAGE ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

VERFAHREN ZUR AUSNUTZUNG DER BEI DER ABKUEHLUNG EINES RAUCHGASSTROMES ABGEFUEHRTEN WAERME

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SO2

PROCEDURE FOR SEPARATING FROM SO2 FROM A GAS FLOW AND PLANT TO THE EXECUTION OF THE PROCEDURE

VORRICHTUNG ZUR ABSCHEIDUNG UND KONZENTRIERUNG VON SCHWEFELSÄURE UND SCHWEFELDIOXID

Es wird ein Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Schwefelsäure und Schwefeldioxid aus Gasströmen beschrieben, wobei der Gasstrom in einem ersten Wärmetauscher mit einem Kühlmedium gekühlt wird, der vorgekühlte Gasstrom in einem zweiten Wärmetauscher, welcher durch den Gasstrom von unten nach oben im Gegenstrom zu einem Kühlgasstrom durchströmt wird, abgekühlt wird und der gekühlte Gasstrom daraufhin einen Nasselektrofilter von unten nach oben durchströmt, um die restlichen Schwefelsäuretröpfchen zu entfernen, wobei auf den Nasselektrofilter ein Wäscher zur Abscheidung von Schwefeldioxid-Restmengen nachgeschaltet ist ...

Verfahren zur Quecksilberabtrennung aus Wäschersuspensionen

Den Gegenstand dieser Erfindung bildet ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von Quecksilber aus Wäschersuspensionen (1), die bei einer nassen Rauchgaswäsche anfallen. Die gipshaltige Suspension (1) wird mittels zumindest eines Hydrozyklons (11) eingedickt, wobei der Oberlauf (2, 4) des Hydrozyklons (11) zumindest einem Abwasserzyklon (12) zur Feststoffrückgewinnung zugeführt wird und wobei der Oberlauf (5) des Abwasserzyklons (12) anschließend in einer Abwasserreinigungsanlage (13) behandelt wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Quecksilberkonzentration im Oberlauf (5) des Abwasserzyklons (12) erhöht und nur der aufkonzentrierte Abwasserstrom 7 der Abwasserreinigungsanlage 13 zugeführt.

USE OF STEAM POWER PLANT SEWAGE SLUDGE FOR THE WET DESULPHURISATION OF FLUE GASES

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CLEANING OF HOT GAS AND PRODUCTION OF ENERGY FROM THE SAME

VERWENDUNG VON DAMPFKRAFTWERKSKLAERSCHLAMM FUER DIE NASSE ENTSCHWEFELUNG VON RAUCHGASEN

Method of treating emission gas

PROCESS FOR REMOVAL OF SO2 FROM OFF-GASES BY REACTION WITH H202

Air pollution control system and method

An exhaust gas treatment system comprising: a desulfuration unit (15) which can remove any sulfur oxide from an exhaust gas (12) discharged from a boiler (11); a cooling column (16) which is arranged on a latter stream side of the desulfuration unit (15), can remove any sulfur oxide that remains in the exhaust gas (12), and can decrease the temperature of the gas; a CO ...

Apparatus for removing air contaminants

The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing air contaminants, which adsorbs dust and harmful substances contained in the air contaminants using an absorbing unit connected to an inlet pipe inserted in a tank.

Method for wet flue gas desulfurization

A wet flue gas desulfurization process uses byproduct polyester streams such as those from the production of PLA and/or PGA consisting of hydroxy acids and other organic acids to catalyse the solubilization of calcium from limestone and to further catalyse the reaction of calcium with SO for desulfurization and thereby provide significant improvement in process efficiency.

Method and apparatus for cleaning of hot gas and extraction of energy therefrom

Sorbent compositions, sorbent articles, methods for preparing sorbent articles, and methods for capturing target gases using the sorbent articles

Articles for capturing or separating a target gas from a gas stream may include a porous substrate such as a flexible sheet or mat, or a rigid ceramic monolith impregnated or coated with a sorbent composition. The sorbent composition may include a polyamine and a coexistent polymer chemically bonded to the polyamine. The polyamine may include a polyethylenimine. The coexistent polymer may include a polyurethane, a polyolefin-acrylic acid copolymer, or a combination thereof. The sorbent composition may be substantially less water-insoluble than compositions containing only a polyamine and may have high durability and good adsorption capacity for acidic target gases such as carbon dioxide. Methods for preparing the articles using aqueous polymer solutions are provided. Methods for capturing or separating target gases using the articles are provided.

Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems for reducing sulfur oxides and HCI

Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCI in a process employing a combination of a dolomite hydrate sorbent and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SO ...

Combustion and flue gas treatment system and SOx removal unit

... 16 B14/082-0 The combustion and flue gas treatment system (1) comprises a furnace (2) for combusting a fuel with an oxidizer generating a flue gas, ducting (15) for the flue 5 gas connected to a NOx removal unit (3) and a SOx removal unit (6), a recirculation line (11) for recirculating a part of the flue gas back to the furnace (2). The SOx removal unit (6) is located upstream of the NOx removal unit (3) with reference to the flue gas flow, and the 10 recirculation line (11) is connected to the ducting (15) downstream the SOx removal unit (6) (Figure 2) 2/2 B14/082-0 22 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 -. . - . -. - .2 7 ...

Method and apparatus for removing contaminants from exhaust gases

In a method for removing a portion of contaminants, such as nitrogen oxides, from an exhaust gas stream of a combustion process, the exhaust gas stream is separated into two or more gas streams. At least one of the two or more gas streams is treated first by mixing with ozone. The treated gas stream is then fed to a scrubber where it is recombined with the untreated gas stream. Excess ozone present in the treated gas stream is consumed by oxidation of contaminants in the untreated gas stream before the combined gas stream is released to the atmosphere. The portion of the gas stream separated for mixing with ozone directly correlates to the amount of nitrogen oxides that are desired to be removed from the stream.

Device, method and system for in-line monitoring of the concentration of acid mist

The invention relates to a device for the real-time monitoring of the concentration of acid mist generated in hydrometallurgy processes that use sulphuric acid. The device comprises means for aspirating atmospheric air disposed to establish a negative pressure difference with the environment, causing a sample of the atmospheric air to pass through an arrangement of communicating vessels that includes an air inlet pipe (20) and an acid absorption reactor (2) containing a siphon tube (3). The device further comprises: a sensor (31) for measuring the pH of the flow of the solution of air in water, which is connected with means (40) that can record and transmit the measurements of the sensor (31); and means for neutralising the solution (10) by means of the dosed input of a water-soluble alkali compound.

FLUE GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a gas cleaning system for cleaning a gas stream containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, said gas cleaning system comprising: a pre-conditioning section (3); a CO2 removal stage (5); and a post- conditioning section (4); said pre-conditioning section comprising at least two gas- liquid contacting devices (19,20) arranged upstream of the CO2 removal stage (5) with respect to the flow direction of the gas; and said post-conditioning section comprising at least two gas-liquid contacting devices (30,31) arranged downstream of the CO2 removal stage with respect to the flow direction of the gas. The present invention further relates to a method for cleaning a gas stream containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, said method including removing, at least partly, carbon dioxide from the gas stream in a carbon dioxide removal step by bringing the gas stream into contact with a liquid comprising ammonia; contacting the gas stream with liquid in at least two ...

METHOD OF TREATING AN OFF-GAS STREAM AND AN APPARATUS THEREFOR

The present invention provides a method of treating an off-gas stream (80) comprising NH3 and H2S to provide a sulphate stream (910), the method comprising the steps of : (i) providing a first off-gas stream (80) comprising NH3, H2S, CO2 and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS2; (ii) passing the first off-gas stream (80) to an incinerator (300) to oxidise NH3, H2S, and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS2 to provide a second off-gas stream (310) comprising N2, H2O, SO2 and CO2; (iii) scrubbing the second off-gas stream (310) with a first aqueous alkaline stream (380, 876a) in a caustic scrubber (350) to separate SO2 and a part of the CO2 from the second off-gas stream to provide a spent caustic stream (360) comprising carbonate and one or both of sulphite and bisulphite and a caustic scrubber off-gas stream (370) comprising N2 and CO2; and (iv) passing the spent caustic stream (360) to an aerator (900) comprising sulphur-oxidising bacteria in the presence of oxygen to biologically ...

REMOVAL OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE FROM WASTE GAS

PROCESS FOR REMOVING SULFUR COMPOUNDS FROM WASTE GASES

METHOD OF REMOVING SULPHUR DIOXIDE FROM WASTE GASEOUS EFFLUENTS

TREATMENT OF GASES CONTAINING SULFUR DIOXIDE

REMOVAL OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM GASES CONTAINING SULFUR DIOXIDE AND OXYGEN

CHEMICAL SEQUESTERING OF CO2, NOX AND SO2

The disclosure provides seven integrated methods for the chemical sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (collectively NOx, where x = 1, 2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) using closed loop technology. The methods recycle process reagents and mass balance consumable reagents that can be made using electrochemical separation of sodium chloride (NaC1) or potassium chloride (KC1). The technology applies to marine and terrestrial exhaust gas sources for CO2, NOx and SO2. The integrated technology combines compatible and green processes that capture and/or convert CO2, NOx and SO2 into compounds that enhance the environment, many with commercial value.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING CARBON DIOXIDE, AND FUEL GAS DESULFURIZATION FACILITY

An apparatus for fixing carbon dioxide is provided with: an absorption column 10 in which a fuel gas containing sulfur oxide is desulfurized with sea water; and a reaction vessel 60 in which an alkali earth metal or an alkali metal is added to the sea water that has absorbed the sulfur oxide from the fuel gas in the absorption column 10 to produce a stable compound such as a mineral.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING CARBON DIOXIDE IN COMBUSTION EXHAUST GAS

The present invention relates to a device and method for recovering carbon dioxide (also indicated as CO2 below) contained in combustion exhaust gas, more specifically, a device and method for reactively absorbing CO2 contained in combustion exhaust gas into an amine compound-containing absorption solution, a device and method that allows CO2 contained in the amine compound-containing absorption solution to be released therefrom, a device and method for evaporation separation of impurities contained in the amine compound-containing absorption solution, a device and method for performing a pretreatment such as desulfurization, dust removal and cooling on combustion exhaust gas, and a carbon dioxide recovery device and carbon dioxide recovery method using above devices and methods.

METHOD FOR CLEANING WASTE GASES

POLLUTION CONTROL

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR POST COMBUSTION MERCURY CONTROL USING SORBENT INJECTION AND WET SCRUBBING

A system for cleaning flue gas includes a particulate removal system; a powdered sorbent injector, for injecting powdered sorbents, positioned downstream from the particulate removal system; and a flue gas desulfurization system positioned downstream from the powdered sorbent injector.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING CONTAMINANTS FROM EXHAUST GASES

In a method for removing a portion of contaminants, such as nitrogen oxides, from an exhaust gas stream of a combustion process, the exhaust gas stream is separated into two or more gas streams. At least one of the two or more gas streams is treated first by mixing with ozone. The treated gas stream is then fed to a scrubber where it is recombined with the untreated gas stream. Excess ozone present in the treated gas stream is consumed by oxidation of contaminants in the untreated gas stream before the combined gas stream is released to the atmosphere. The portion of the gas stream separated for mixing with ozone directly correlates to the amount of nitrogen oxides that are desired to be removed from the stream.

METHOD FOR DETECTING LOSS OF DESULFURIZATION ORGANIC COMPONENTS AND REGENERATABLE FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION PROCESS

A method for detecting paths and amount of loss of desulfurization organic components in a flue gas desulfurization system includes preparing a to-be- measured solution and a base standard solution, and diluting the base standard solution with water to a plurality of standard solutions containing different concentrations of desulfurization organic components; adjusting the to-be-measured solution and standard solutions to have a strong acidity, respectively, such that each of desulfurization organic components in the to-be-measured solution and standard solutions exists in ion forms; heating and oscillating the to-be-measured solution and standard solutions, respectively; respectively detecting carbon elements in the standard solutions, to form a linear relationship between concentrations of the desulfurization organic components in the standard solutions and detected carbon element data; and detecting carbon elements in the to-be-measured solution, and obtaining a total concentration of ...

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD

SO x removal equipment (15) for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas (12) from a boiler (11), a cooler (16) which is provided on a downstream side of the SO x removal equipment (15), for reducing the sulfur oxides that remain in the flue gas (12) and for decreasing a gas temperature, CO2 recovery equipment (17) which includes a CO2 absorber (17A), and an absorption liquid regenerator (17B), and mist generation material reduction equipment (20) for reducing a mist generation material which is a generation source of mist that is generated in the CO2 absorber of the C02 recovery equipment (17) before introducing the flue gas (12) to the CO2 recovery equipment (17) are included.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD

Provided are: a desulfurization device (15) which removes sulphur oxides in exhaust gas (12) from a boiler (11); a cooling tower (16) which is provided on the wake-flow side of the desulfurization device (15), and which both removes sulphur oxides remaining in the exhaust gas and lowers the temperature of the gas; a CO2 recovery device (17) which is formed from an absorption tower which brings CO2 in the exhaust gas into contact with a CO2 absorbing liquid and removes the CO2, and a regeneration tower which releases the CO2 from the CO2 absorbing liquid, and both recovers the CO2 and regenerates the CO2 absorbing liquid; and a dissolved salt spray (23), which, before exhaust gas is introduced into the CO2 recovery device, removes mist generating substances which are the source of mist that is generated in the absorption tower of the CO2 recovery device.

REGENERATIVE RECOVERY OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM EFFLUENT GASES

This invention relates to processes for the selective removal of contaminants from effluent gases. More particularly, some embodiments of the present invention relate to selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from effluent gases in a sulfur dioxide absorption/desorption process that utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution comprising certain weak inorganic or organic acids or salts thereof, preferably certain polyprotic carboxylic acids or salts thereof, to selectively absorb sulfur dioxide from the effluent gas. Oxidation inhibitors may be used. The absorbed sulfur dioxide is subsequently stripped to regenerate the absorption solution and produce a gas enriched in sulfur dioxide content. The regeneration of the absorption solution may include an integrated sulfur dioxide stripper and heat pump system to provide improved energy efficiency. Other embodiments of the present invention relate to a process for simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (NOx) ...

FLUID BED DESULFURIZATION

A method and apparatus for desulfurizing a gas and regenerating a sorbent is disclosed. The sulfurcontaining feed gas which can be an effluent gas from a coal gasification reactor, for example, is desulfurized with a particulated metallic oxide sorbent in a transport riser. The sulfided sorbent is than separated from a desulfurized effluent gas and regenerated by contact with an oxygen-containing gas in a transport riser. The regenerated sorbent is separated from an SO2 containing offgas and recycled to the desulfurization step. The degree of sorbent conversion in the desulfurization step is held at a low level and the sorbent regeneration rate is increased to avoid excessive temperature rise in the regeneration step . In such manner, sorbent cooling can be substantially eliminated. The regeneration riser preferably comprises a once-through lift riser to minimize the riser transport gas requirements to just oxidant gas or oxidant gas mixed with a reduced amount of diluent gas. A reduction ...

Procédé et appareil pour enlever du SO2 d'un courant de gaz en contenant

Procédé d'épuration de fumées

Procédé d'épuration physico-chimique d'un courant gazeux

PROCEDE D'ELIMINATION DE L'ACIDE SULFHYDRIQUE GAZEUX D'UN COURANT GAZEUX LE CONTENANT.

Sulphur and chlorine cpds removal - from dust laden gas treams

S and Cl2-contg. cpds. in dust laden gas streams, esp., SO2 and chlorine ions are easily, economically and controllably removed, without using a large excess of chemical reagent, by removing the dust on a bag-filter in the usual manner. When 2-100 times the dust arriving per unit time has been collected, the agglomerate is treated with an additive, pref. in the powder or suspended form, which will react with the S and/or Cl2-contg. cpd. to yield a solid, filterable prod. The dust and additive are recirculated into the gas and the prods. re-filtered. Suitable additives are oxides, hydroxides of alkali-metals, alkaline-earth metals, Al.

Waste gas oxidn. in wet electrostatic precipitators - using ozone generated and absorbing prod. in liq. used

Oxidn. of waste gases in wet electrostatic precipitators is carried out using the ozone generated in the electric field, and the oxidised prod. is absorbed in the flowing liq. The process can be applied, e.g. to the oxidn. of SO2-contg. impurities, the SO3 produced being absorbed in H2SO4 to form oleum.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entschwefelung von Gasen, insbesondere von Rauch- und Abgasen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schwefelwasserstoff und Alkalimetallkarbonaten

Process for purifying sulphite- or hydrogen-sulphite-containing waste waters

FIRE-PLACE FOR THE TREATMENT OF GASEOUS MATERIAL FLOW.

СПОСОБ ОБЕССЕРИВАНИЯ ГАЗА

Способ очистки содержащего сероводород газового потока, который состоит из стадий (i) смешивания содержащего сероводород первого газового потока и содержащего диоксид серы второго газового потока с получением объединенного потока, в котором получают элементарную серу по реакции сероводорода и диоксида серы; (ii) удаления элементарной серы и, по выбору, воды из объединенного потока и (iii) окисления по меньшей мере части элементарной серы с получением диоксида серы для использования во втором потоке, в котором реакцию проводят при температуре 15-155°С и давлении не менее 3 МПа.

AGENT FOR DESULFURIZATION AND DENITRATION

METHOD OF DESULFURIZATION OF GAS

METHOD OF CHECKING FORMATION OF AEROSOL IN PROCESS OF ABSORPTION AT DESULFURIZATION USING AMMONIA

PURIFICATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL FLOW FROM IMPURITIES BY MEANS OF INSERTION OF ITS IN CONTACT WITH OXIDIZING AGENT AND WATER FLOW

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING COMPOUNDS AND CONDITIONS IN A WET FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION (WFGD) UNIT

Flue gas desulfurization system capable of cancelling bypath

Micro-swirl deep desulfurization and dust absorption tower device and process

Electrolytic aluminum flue gas desulphurization integration system and method

Atmospheric pollution substance removing device

Selective absorption SO

PURIFICATION OF GASES

FLUE GAS DESULPHURIZATION USING HIHG VOID VOLUME SORBENT

Treatment method and treatment facilities of exhaust gas

An object of the present invention is to provide a treatment method and a plant of an exhaust gas in which corrosion resistance of the exhaust gas treatment plant to a sulfuric acid mist after wet type desulfurization is increased. The treatment method of an exhaust gas in the present invention, wherein sulfur oxide is removed by wet type desulfurization of the exhaust gas and a sulfuric acid mist is removed by feeding ammonia into the exhaust gas, is characterized in that an ammonia gas is mixed into the exhaust gas by feeding inorganic ammonium salt to an alkali desulfurizing agent when the desulfurizing agent is sprayed into the exhaust gas to absorb and remove the sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas.

Method and Apparatus for Controlling Acid Gas Emissions from Cement Plants

A method and apparatus for controlling emissions of acid forming gases such as sulfur dioxide from cement plants is disclosed. Gaseous effluent from the cement plant pyroprocessing chamber is routed to the plant's raw mill to heat and dry the feed meal used in cement production. When the raw mill is in operation microfine lime particles are sprayed into the raw mill using a nozzle system. The spraying of hydrated lime into the raw mill scrubs acid forming gases in the process gaseous effluent. When the raw mill is not operational, microfine lime is sprayed into a gas conditioning tower that is also used to reduce the temperature of the effluent gases to facilitate efficient collection of dust particles prior to emission of the cleansed effluent flow into the atmosphere.

Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods

In some embodiments, the invention provides systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components of waste gas streams, comprising contacting the waste gas stream with an aqueous solution, removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components from the waste gas stream, and containing the carbon dioxide and/or additional components, in one form or another, in a composition. In some embodiments, the composition is a precipitation material comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or carbonates and bicarbonates. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises carbonate and/or bicarbonate co-products resulting from co-processing SOx, NOx, particulate matter, and/or certain metals. Additional waste streams such as liquid, solid, or multiphasic waste streams may be processed as well.

Method of treating an off-gas stream and an apparatus therefor

The present invention provides a method of treating an off-gas stream ( 80 ) comprising NH 3 and H 2 S to provide a sulphate stream ( 910 ), the method comprising the steps of: (i) providing a first off-gas stream ( 80 ) comprising NH 3 , H 2 S, CO 2 and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS 2 ; (ii) passing the first off-gas stream ( 80 ) to an incinerator ( 300 ) to oxidise NH 3 , H 2 S, and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS 2 to provide a second off-gas stream ( 310 ) comprising N 2 , H 2 O, SO 2 and CO 2 ; (iii) scrubbing the second off-gas stream ( 310 ) with a first aqueous alkaline stream ( 380, 876 a ) in a caustic scrubber ( 350 ) to separate SO 2 and a part of the CO 2 from the second off-gas stream to provide a spent caustic stream ( 360 ) comprising carbonate and one or both of sulphite and bisulphite and a caustic scrubber off-gas stream ( 370 ) comprising N 2 and CO 2 ; and (iv) passing the spent caustic stream ( 360 ) to an aerator ( 900 ) comprising sulphur-oxidising bacteria in the presence of oxygen to biologically disc sulphite and bisulphite to sulphate to provide a sulphate stream ( 910 ).

Reactive absorbents and the use thereof for desulphurizing gaseous streams

A porous material including a clay substrate modified by a pore-generating agent and at least one oxide of a metal selected from the first transition series, and a method for obtaining the material and use of the material for desulphurizing gaseous streams, especially for the elimination of H 2 S.

Coal power plant having an associated co2 scrubbing station and heat recovery

The invention relates to a method for recovering heat by joining a plurality of heat flows of a fossil-fired, in particular carbon-fired, power plant ( 1 ), which downstream of the combustion comprises a CO 2 scrubbing station ( 58 ) for the flue gas by way of chemical absorption and/or desorption and associated CO 2 compression ( 27 ), which method aims to enable a CO 2 scrubbing station for the flue gas, with associated CO 2 compression, to be integrated into the total energy heat flow and/or the total heat energy balance of a fossil-fired, in particular carbon-fired, preferably conventional, power plant in a way that is advantageous in terms of heating technology. This is achieved by decoupling thermal energy from the heat flow of the CO 2 scrubbing station ( 58 ), with associated CO 2 compression, in the form of at least one partial heat flow (Q 8 , Q 9 , Q 10 , Q 11 ) and coupling it back into a heat flow that is coupled, directly or indirectly, to the heat flow of the boiler ( 2 ) or steam generator of the power plant ( 1 ), and/or by decoupling thermal energy from the flue gas heat flow (Q 3 ) in the form of a partial heat flow (Q 12 , Q 13 , Q 14 ) and coupling it back into the heat flow of the CO 2 scrubbing station ( 58 ) with associated CO 2 compression ( 27 ).

Two-Step Process for the Cleaning of a Flue Gas

A two-step process for the cleaning of a stream of flue gas, containing noxious acidic compounds, by means of a quantity of basic sodium reagent, wherein the quantity of basic sodium reagent is injected in a secondary stream diverted from the main stream wherein it reacts in a first step with the noxious acidic compounds contained in the secondary stream during a pre reaction period, resulting in pre-reacted basic reagent, un-reacted basic reagent and partially cleaned secondary stream of flue gas; and wherein after the pre reaction period, the partially cleaned secondary stream comprising the quantity of pre reacted basic sodium reagent is reintroduced in the main stream, the pre-reacted reagent and un-reacted reagent further reacting in a second step with at least part of the remaining noxious acids left in the partially cleaned secondary stream of flue gas.

Exhaust gas treatment device for an oxygen combustion system

In an exhaust gas treatment device provided with: an exhaust gas treatment unit in which an oxygen combustion boiler 1 using coal as fuel, a denitration device 3 , an air preheater 4 , a dust-collection device 5 , a desulfurization device 6 , and a carbon dioxide recovery device 8 are sequentially arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of an exhaust gas duct; and an exhaust gas circulation unit which branches off from the exhaust gas duct at an outlet of the dust-collection device 5 or an outlet of the desulfurization device 6 and through which the exhaust gas is preheated by the air preheater 4 and returned to the oxygen combustion boiler 1 , a heat-recovery heat exchanger 13 that adjusts a gas temperature at an inlet of the dust-collection device 5 to be not greater than an acid dew point of SO 3 and not lower than a water dew point is provided between the air preheater 4 and the dust-collection device 5 , a reheating heat exchanger 13 that adjusts a gas temperature to be not lower than the acid dew point of SO 3 is provided in the vicinity of a branch of the exhaust gas circulation unit, adjusting the gas temperature at the inlet of the dust-collection device 4 to be not greater than the acid dew point of SO 3 makes it possible to prevent corrosion of pipes in the exhaust gas circulation unit and to avoid a decrease in fluidity or combustibility of the pulverized coal in the pipes in the mill.

Reducing Mercury Emissions From The Burning Of Coal

Sorbent components containing halogen, calcium, alumina, and silica are used in combination during coal combustion to produce environmental benefits. Sorbents such as calcium bromide are added to the coal ahead of combustion and other components are added into the flame or downstream of the flame, preferably at minimum temperatures to assure complete formation of the refractory structures that result in various advantages of the methods. When used together, the components reduce emissions of elemental and oxidized mercury; increase the level of Hg, As, Pb, and/or Cl in the coal ash; decrease the levels of leachable heavy metals (such as Hg) in the ash, preferably to levels below the detectable limits; and make a highly cementitious ash product.

Air pollution control system and air pollution control method

An air pollution control system includes a desulfurization apparatus 13 that reduces sulfur oxide contained in flue gas 12 supplied from a boiler 11 ; and a CO 2 recovery apparatus 15 including a CO 2 absorber 21 that reduces CO 2 contained in flue gas 12 that has been desulfurized by the desulfurization apparatus, with the aid of an amine absorbent and an absorbent regenerator 22 that regenerates the amine absorbent. Part 14 a of desulfurized flue gas 14 containing SOx is supplied to treated flue gas 16 , from which CO 2 has been reduced and which is discharged from a top portion of the CO 2 absorber 21 , so that remaining mist amine accompanying the treated flue gas 16 is neutralized to amine sulfate or amine sulfite.

Particulate Matter and Methods Of Obtaining Same From A Kraft Waste Reclamation

The present invention relates in general to a method for obtaining particulate calcium carbonate and activated carbon particles and methods for using same, and more particularly, to a method for obtaining activated carbon particles having an average particle size less than about 12 microns from a pulp mill.

Flue gas treatment system

The present invention relates to a gas cleaning system for cleaning a gas stream containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, said gas cleaning system comprising: a pre-conditioning section ( 3 ); a CO 2 removal stage ( 5 ); and a post-conditioning section ( 4 ); said pre-conditioning section comprising at least two gas-liquid contacting devices ( 19,20 ) arranged upstream of the CO 2 removal stage ( 5 ) with respect to the flow direction of the gas; and said post-conditioning section comprising at least two gas-liquid contacting devices ( 30,31 ) arranged downstream of the CO 2 removal stage with respect to the flow direction of the gas. The present invention further relates to a method for cleaning a gas stream containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, said method including removing, at least partly, carbon dioxide from the gas stream in a carbon dioxide removal step by bringing the gas stream into contact with a liquid comprising ammonia; contacting the gas stream with liquid in at least two steps upstream of the carbon dioxide removal step; and contacting the gas stream with liquid in at least two steps downstream of the carbon dioxide removal step.

DECOMPOSITION/ELIMINATION METHOD USING A PHOTOCATALYTIC MATERIAL

The present invention provides a new method for decomposing and/or removing hazardous substances using a photocatalytic material. The method of the present invention is sufficiently useful in fields requiring quick decomposition and/or removal of hazardous substances in gas and/or liquid phases. The decomposition method of the present invention using a photocatalytic material enables significantly efficient and rapid decomposition of hazardous substances in gas and/or liquid phases by causing a photocatalytic material to coexist with a dilute hydrogen peroxide solution. 1. A decomposition method using a photocatalytic material , the method comprising performing decomposition in the presence of a photocatalytic material and a dilute hydrogen peroxide solution.2. The decomposition method using a photocatalytic material according to claim 1 ,wherein the photocatalytic material is a photocatalytic material having a crystalline titanium oxide film, obtained by forming a titanium nitride on a surface of a titanium metal or a titanium alloy, and anodizing the titanium metal or titanium alloy with a surface on which a titanium nitride is formed.3. The decomposition method using a photocatalytic material according to claim 2 , wherein the crystalline titanium oxide is an anatase-type titanium oxide.4. The decomposition method using a photocatalytic material according to claim 1 , wherein the dilute hydrogen peroxide solution has a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 1 weight % or less.5. A method of removing a gaseous hazardous substance containing a highly concentrated nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in an environment containing the hazardous substance claim 1 , the method comprising: (1) removing nitrogen oxides by using an amine compound aqueous solution as a chemical for removing nitrogen oxides in a primary device and (2) removing sulfur oxides by using the decomposition method of in which the photocatalytic material and the dilute hydrogen peroxide solution are ...

Silica containing basic sorbent for acid gas removal

An acid gas sorbent composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a compound having the following formula: (SiO 2 ) x (OH) y F.B wherein F optionally exists and said F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, or an amine-containing organosilane; and wherein B is a hygroscopic solid at a preferred water to solid molar ratio of about 0.1 to about 6, and more particularly, B is a basic inorganic solid including, but not limiting to, alkali or alkali-earth metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, or bicarbonates, containing at least one of the following metal cations: calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium, sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, scandium, ytterbium, yttrium, or erbium; wherein the molar ratio of y/x is equal to about 0.01 to about 0.5.

Exhaust Gas Treating System Using Polymer Membrane For Carbon Dioxide Capture Process

Disclosed is an exhaust gas treating system having an exhaust gas treating apparatus for carbon dioxide capture process which additionally removes harmful substances remaining in the gas discharged from the existing flue-gas desulfurization process by using separation membrane so as to efficiently carry out the carbon dioxide capture process. The exhaust gas treating system using polymer membrane, comprises a carbon dioxide capture equipment for capturing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of a boiler, a flue-gas denitrification equipment placed between the boiler and the carbon dioxide capture equipment, a dust-collecting equipment and a flue-gas desulfurization equipment.

Catalytic adsorbents obtained from municipal sludges, industrial sludges, compost and tobacco waste and process for their production

Industrial waste derived adsorbents were obtained by pyrolysis of sewage sludge, metal sludge, waste oil sludge and tobacco waste in some combination. The materials were used as media to remove hydrogen sulfide at room temperature in the presence of moisture. The initial and exhausted adsorbents after the breakthrough tests were characterized using sorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, XRD, ICP, and surface pH measurements. Mixing tobacco and sludges result in a strong synergy enhancing the catalytic properties of adsorbents. During pyrolysis new mineral phases are formed as a result of solid state reaction between the components of the sludges. High temperature of pyrolysis is beneficial for the adsorbents due to the enhanced activation of carbonaceous phase and chemical stabilization of inorganic phase. Samples obtained at low temperature are sensitive to water, which deactivates their catalytic centers.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD

SOremoval equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas from a boiler, a cooler provided on a downstream side of the SOremoval equipment, for reducing the sulfur oxides that remain in the flue gas and decrease a gas temperature, COrecovery equipment including an absorber for bringing COin the flue gas into contact with a COabsorption liquid to be reduced, and a regenerator for causing the COabsorption liquid to emit COto recover COand regenerate the COabsorption liquid, a heat exchanger which is provided on an inlet passage side of the electric dust collector, for decreasing a temperature of the flue gas are included, and a mist generation material in the flue gas is converted from a gas state to a mist state to cause particulates in the flue gas to arrest and reduce the mist generation material in the mist state. 1. An air pollution control system comprising:an electric dust collector for reducing particulates from flue gas from a boiler;{'sub': 'x', 'SOremoval equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from the flue gas after the dust reduction;'}{'sub': 'x', 'a cooler which is provided on a downstream side of the SOremoval equipment, for reducing the sulfur oxides that remain in the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature;'}{'sub': '2', 'claim-text': [{'sub': 2', '2, 'an absorber for bringing COin the flue gas into contact with a COabsorption liquid so as to be reduced, and'}, {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'a regenerator for causing the COabsorption liquid to emit COso as to recover COand regenerate the COabsorption liquid; and'}], 'COrecovery equipment includinga heat exchanger which is provided on an inlet passage side of the electric dust collector, for decreasing a temperature of the flue gas,wherein a mist generation material in the flue gas is converted from a gas state to a mist state to cause particulates in the flue gas to arrest and reduce the mist generation material in the mist state.2. The air pollution control system according to claim 1 , further ...

Multi-Purpose Absorber

Systems and methods directed to cleaning a flue gas are described, in which a column housing can be configured to receive a feed stream, and includes an absorber configured to produce a clean stream that is substantially depleted of at least one of SO x and CO 2 . The absorber can comprise at least one of (1) a primary CO 2 capture system disposed downstream of a gas conditioning system and (2) a primary acid gas removal system disposed upstream of a gas conditioning system. The gas conditioning system can also be disposed in the column housing.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SOx AND CO2 REMOVAL FROM FLUE GAS

The present invention relates to a method for combined SOand COremoval from flue gas, which includes removing both COand SOin a primary fractionation column and two polishing columns, the method comprising: a) hot flue as pretreatment, including flue gas SOremoval by dry sorbent injection; b) compressing the treated hot flue gas by a multi-stage compressor; c) separation of CO, SOand non-condensable gases; d) subjecting the COand SOto separate polishing columns; and e) combining streams from the primary fractionation column and the two polishing columns for power recovery. 1. A method for combined SOand COremoval from flue gas , which includes removing both COand SOin a primary fractionation column and two polishing columns , the method comprising:{'sub': '3', 'a) hot flue gas pretreatment, including flue as SOremoval by dry sorbent injection;'}b) compressing the treated hot flue gas by a multi-stage compressor;{'sub': 2', '2, 'c) separation of CO, SOand non-condensable gases;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'd) subjecting the COand SOto separate polishing columns; and'}e) combining streams from the primary fractionation column and the two polishing columns for power recovery.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the SOremoved is a liquid product.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the combined SOand COremoval process generates no desulfurization waste product.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein flue gas SOremoval is by dry sorbent injection.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the sorbent is dry lime or trona.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein after SOis removed claim 1 , flue gas is further cleaned with a baghouse or electrostatic precipitator.7. The method as recited in claim 6 , wherein the particulates-free flue gas is washed and cooled in a water scrubber.8. The method as recited in claim 7 , further including an alkali material.9. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the treated flue gas is compressed to about 680 psia. ...

Air pollution control system and method

SO x removal equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas from a boiler, a cooler which is provided on the downstream side of the SO x removal equipment, for reducing the sulfur oxides from the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature, CO 2 recovery equipment which includes an absorber for bringing CO 2 in the flue gas into contact with a CO 2 absorption liquid so as to be reduced and a regenerator for causing the CO 2 absorption liquid to emit CO 2 so as to recover CO 2 and regenerate the CO 2 absorption liquid, and dissolved salt spraying equipment for reducing a mist generation material which is a generation source of mist that is generated in the absorber of the CO 2 recovery equipment before introducing the flue gas to the CO 2 recovery equipment, are included.

METHOD AND A DEVICE FOR CLEANING A CARBON DIOXIDE RICH FLUE GAS

A gas cleaning system () for cleaning a carbon dioxide rich flue gas containing sulphur dioxide generated in a boiler () comprises a first gas cleaning device () being operative for removing at least 80% of the sulphur dioxide content of the flue gas generated in the boiler (), thereby generating a partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas, and a second gas cleaning device (), being separate from the first gas cleaning device () and being operative for receiving at least a portion of the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas that passed through the first gas cleaning device (). The second gas cleaning device () is operative for removing at least a portion of the water content of the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas by means of cooling the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas to condense water there from. 1. A method of cleaning a carbon dioxide rich flue gas containing sulphur dioxide generated in a boiler combusting a fuel in the presence of a gas containing oxygen gas , the method comprising:removing at least 80% of the sulphur dioxide content of the flue gas generated in the boiler n a first gas cleaning device to generate a partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas,forwarding at least a portion of the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas to a second gas cleaning device being separate from the first gas cleaning device,cooling, in said second gas cleaning device, the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas to condense water there from, thereby generating a cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas having a lower concentration of water vapour than the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said step of cooling claim 1 , in the second gas cleaning device claim 1 , the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas to condense water there from claim 1 , comprises bringing the partly cleaned carbon dioxide rich flue gas into direct contact with a cooling liquid.3. A method according to ...

DRY SORBENT INJECTION DURING STEADY-STATE CONDITIONS IN DRY SCRUBBER

Methods of reducing emissions levels during steady-state conditions are disclosed for use with a dry scrubber desulfurization system. A dry calcium hydroxide powder is injected into the gas flowpath and watered in the spray dryer absorber. The resulting slurry is then deposited on the filter bags in the baghouse. This can be done at lower temperatures than the spray dryer absorber would otherwise be operable, enabling desulfurization to occur earlier in the combustion process, particularly during startup of a cold boiler at ambient temperature. The operation of the boiler can also be backed up, made up, trimmed, or augmented depending on various operating scenarios. 1. A method for reducing combustion emissions produced during normal operating conditions in a combustion system system having a gas flowpath that travels from a combustion chamber through a spray dryer absorber to a baghouse downstream of the spray dryer absorber , the method comprising:mixing a dry calcium hydroxide powder into a flue gas at an injection location downstream of the combustion chamber and upstream of the baghouse;spraying water into the flue gas in the spray dryer absorber to humidify and reduce the temperature of the flue gas; andpassing the flue gas through the baghouse, wherein the calcium hydroxide powder captures pollutants in the flue gas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein no liquid is added to the carrier gas between the injection location and the spray dryer absorber.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water sprayed into the flue gas comes from a recycle system for recycling solids from the baghouse.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas flowpath travels through an air preheater located between the combustion chamber and the spray dryer absorber.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the injection location is located between the air preheater and the spray dryer absorber.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the injection location is upstream of the air preheater.7. The method of ...

DRY SORBENT INJECTION DURING NON-STEADY STATE CONDITIONS IN DRY SCRUBBER

Methods of reducing emissions levels during upset periods such as startup are disclosed for use with a dry scrubber desulfurization system. A dry calcium hydroxide powder is injected into the gas flowpath and hydrated in the spray dryer absorber. The resulting hydrated powder is then deposited on the filter bags in the baghouse. This can be done at lower temperatures than the spray dryer absorber would otherwise be operable, enabling desulfurization to occur earlier in the combustion process, such as during startup of a cold combustion system at ambient temperature. The operation of the combustion system can also be backed up, made up, trimmed, or augmented depending on various operating scenarios. 1. A method for reducing combustion emissions produced during non- steady state operating conditions in a combustion system having a gas flowpath that travels from a combustion chamber through a spray dryer absorber to a baghouse downstream of the spray dryer absorber , the method comprising:mixing a dry calcium hydroxide powder into a carrier gas in the gas flowpath at an injection location downstream of the combustion chamber and upstream of the baghouse;spraying water into the carrier gas in the spray dryer absorber to humidify and reduce the temperature of the carrier gas; anddepositing the calcium hydroxide powder in the baghouse to form a filter cake that reduces combustion emissions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein no liquid is added to the carrier gas between the injection location and the spray dryer absorber.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water sprayed into the carrier gas comes from a recycle system for recycling solids from the baghouse.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas flowpath travels through an air preheater located between the combustion chamber and the spray dryer absorber.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the injection location is located between the air preheater and the spray dryer absorber.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the ...

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD

An air pollution control system comprises a SOx removal equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas from a boiler, a cooler for reducing the sulfur oxides that remain in the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature, COrecovery equipment including an absorber for bringing COin the flue gas into contact with a COabsorption liquid so as to be reduced, a regenerator for causing the COabsorption liquid to emit COso as to recover COand regenerate the COabsorption liquid, a heat exchanger which for decreasing a temperature of the flue gas, and calcium carbonate spraying equipment for spraying calcium carbonate between the heat exchanger and an electric dust collector, wherein a mist generation material in the flue gas is converted from a gas state to a mist state to arrest and reduce the mist generation material in the mist state using calcium carbonate. 1. An air pollution control system comprising:dust reduction equipment for reducing particulates from flue gas from a boiler;{'sub': 'x', 'SOremoval equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from the flue gas after the dust reduction;'}{'sub': 'x', 'a cooler which is provided on a downstream side of the SOremoval equipment, for reducing the sulfur oxides that remain in the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature;'}{'sub': '2', 'claim-text': [{'sub': 2', '2, 'an absorber for bringing COin the flue gas into contact with a COabsorption liquid so as to be reduced; and'}, {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'a regenerator for causing the COabsorption liquid to emit COso as to recover COand regenerate the COabsorption liquid;'}], 'COrecovery equipment including{'sub': 'x', 'a heat exchanger which is provided on an upstream side of the SOremoval equipment, for decreasing a temperature of the flue gas; and'}calcium carbonate spraying equipment for spraying calcium carbonate between the dust reduction equipment and the heat exchanger,wherein a mist generation material in the flue gas is converted from a gas state to a mist state ...

WET FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION ABSORPTION TOWER FOR FOR POWER PLANT

(EN) A wet FGD: the upper square tower fixed with pure flue gas flue and raw flue gas flue whose widths same as that of the square tower, the flue are respectively shrunk to fit pure flue and raw flue, so eradicate entirely turbulence and bias flow field of flue gas. Flue gas is following then against with spraying slurry so can eradicate the pressure loss, cancel BUF. Oxidation air and predissolved absorption slurry are directly fed into spray zone so cancel Roots blowers. Instantly accomplish desulfurization. Realize running without dirtiness, so need no demister or only a simple metal demister, and the pure flue gas passage needs no corrosion protection, the naked tower is also a bypass flue. 1. A kind of technics and structures of the wet flue gas desulfurization absorption tower for power plant , its characters lie in , a great deal of air is sent into the spraying zone of absorption tower that goes along with the flue gas , less or no air is sent into the slurry pond; The limestone absorption slurry separately get into the slurry circulation ducts and the slurry pond or entirely get into the slurry circulation ducts , the desulfurization reaction accomplish instantly;Especially in condition of single oxidizing zone can realize the pure flue gas is alkalescence, without dirtiness such as acid mist and sulfite, so the usual demister is canceled; For reducing the consumption of water should fix the simple metal demister, additionally the excess oxidation air oxidize after, the pure flue gas passage needs no corrosion protection;Above a certain height that above the slurry pond surface is the square tower, the section is square or quasi-square, below the square tower that is cylindrical tower or other shape body which must benefit this technics performance, the raw flue and the pure flue join the square tower after be dilated at a certain ratio with the interface width same to that of square tower;The absorption tower is also a bypass flue by covered with a layer ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING CHLORINE BYPASS DUST AND DISCHARGE GAS

In accordance with the present invention, there is provide and device and method to facilitate the treatment of chlorine bypass dust while preventing increases in chemical cost and concentrations of heavy metals in clinker, and ensuring stability in quality of cement, and to treat chlorine bypass exhaust gas while avoiding coating troubles in a cement kiln etc., and preventing heat losses in a preheater etc., without degradation of clinker production amount. 1. A method of treating chlorine bypass dust and chlorine bypass exhaust gas characterized by , in a chlorine bypass facility extracting a part of combustion gas , while cooling it , from a kiln exhaust gas passage , which runs from an inlet end of a cement kiln to a bottom cyclone , and recovering a chlorine bypass dust from the extracted gas , slurring the recovered chlorine bypass dust , and contacting the slurry with the exhaust gas from the chlorine bypass facility.2. The method of treating chlorine bypass dust and chlorine bypass exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said recovered chlorine bypass dust is slurried after classified claim 1 , and the slurry is contacted with the exhaust gas from the chlorine bypass facility.3. The method of treating chlorine bypass dust and chlorine bypass exhaust gas as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a classification point when the chlorine bypass dust is classified is controlled by an amount of SOcontained in the exhaust gas from the chlorine bypass facility for contacting to the slurry (a product of an amount of the exhaust gas from the chlorine bypass facility and SOconcentration in the exhaust gas).4. The method of treating chlorine bypass dust and chlorine bypass exhaust gas as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said classification point is determined such that 70 mass percent or more and 100 mass percent or less of the recovered chlorine bypass dust passes through 10 μm mesh.5. The method of treating chlorine bypass dust and chlorine bypass exhaust gas as claimed in one ...

METHOD FOR PROCESSING A SULFUR-CONTAINING GAS AND A HYDROGENATION CATALYST USED THEREFOR

The present invention relates to a method for processing a sulfur-containing gas and a hydrogenation catalyst used therefor. Said method comprises introducing the sulfur-containing gas into the tail gas hydrogenation unit of a sulfur recovery device, processing it with the hydrogenation catalyst of the present invention, absorbing the hydrogenated tail gas with a solvent and then regenerating, the regenerated hydrogen sulfide being recycled to the Claus unit to recover sulfur, the clean tail gas being incinerated in an incinerator to be discharged after reaching the standards. Said sulfur-containing gas comprises from 0 to 6 vol. % of sulfur dioxide and from 0 to 3 vol. % of oxygen, and has a temperature of from 100 to 200° C. The hydrogenation catalyst of the present invention comprises from 0.5 to 3 wt. % of an active component nickel oxide, from 1 to 4 wt. % of an active component cobalt oxide, from 8 to 20 wt. % of an active component molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide, from 1 to 5 wt. % of a deoxidation auxiliary agent, from 10 to 40 wt. % of TiO2, the balance being γ-Al2O3, based on the weight of the catalyst. 1. A hydrogenation catalyst , characterized in that the catalyst comprises from 0.5 to 3 wt. % of an active component nickel oxide; from 1 to 4 wt. % of an active component cobalt oxide; from 8 to 20 wt. % of an active component molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide; from 1 to 5 wt. % of a deoxidation auxiliary agent selected from one or more of ferrous sulfate , ferric nitrate and ferric sulfate; from 10 to 40 wt. % of TiO , the balance being γ-AlO , based on the weight of the catalyst , wherein TiOand γ-AlOare added in the form of titanium-aluminum compound dry colloid.2. The hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1 , characterized in that the deoxidation auxiliary agent is ferrous sulfate.3. The hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1 , characterized in that the catalyst comprises from 1.0 to 1.5 wt. % of an active component nickel oxide claim 1 , ...

Macroapparatus for the production and treatment of gas obtained from mineral coal

A plant and a method for the production of energy from coal CM. In the plant, a macroapparatus comprises: an updraft gasifier, a dedusting unit; an evaporative cooler; a scrubber; and a humidifier. The cooler and the scrubber each comprise means for spraying an aqueous mixture into the gas, a basin for storing a quantity of condensed aqueous mixture, a recirculation circuit for removing the aqueous mixture from the basin and supplying it to the spraying means, and a bleed for removing the condensed pollutants and conveying them to the gasifier. The scrubber also comprises a heat exchanger along the recirculation circuit. The humidifier comprises: means for spraying into an oxygenated gas the aqueous mixture drawn from the cooler basin; a line for supplying the wet oxygenated gas to the gasifier.

REMOVING SULPHUR OXIDES FROM A FLUID STREAM

A process for removing sulphur oxides from a fluid stream, such as flue gas, that comprises a) providing a non-aqueous absorption liquid containing at least one hydrophobic amine, the non-aqueous absorption liquid being incompletely miscible with water: b) treating the fluid stream in an absorption zone with the non-aqueous absorption liquid to transfer at least part of the sulphur oxides into the non-aqueous absorption liquid and to form a sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex: c) causing the non-aqueous absorption liquid to be in liquid-liquid contact with an aqueous liquid whereby at least part of the sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex is hydrolyzed to release the hydrophobic amine and sulphurous hydrolysis products, and at least part of the sulphurous hydrolysis products is transferred into the aqueous liquid; d) separating the aqueous liquid from the non-aqueous absorption liquid. The process mitigates absorbent degradation problems caused by sulphur dioxide and oxygen in flue gas. 123.-. (canceled)24. A process for removing sulphur oxides from a fluid stream comprisinga) providing a non-aqueous absorption liquid containing at least one hydrophobic amine, the non-aqueous absorption liquid being incompletely miscible with water;b) treating the fluid stream in an absorption zone with the non-aqueous absorption liquid to transfer at least part of the sulphur oxides into the non-aqueous absorption liquid and to form a sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex;c) causing the non-aqueous absorption liquid to be in liquid-liquid contact with an aqueous liquid whereby at least part of the sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex is hydrolyzed to release the hydrophobic amine and sulphurous hydrolysis products, and at least part of the sulphurous hydrolysis products is transferred into the aqueous liquid;d) separating the aqueous liquid from the non-aqueous absorption liquid.25. The process of claim 24 , wherein the non-aqueous absorption liquid is caused to be in ...

IONIC LIQUID-FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SORBENTS AND THEIR USE IN THE CAPTURE OF POLLUTING GASES

A composite structure for capturing a gaseous electrophilic species, the composite structure comprising mesoporous refractory sorbent particles on which an ionic liquid is covalently attached, wherein said ionic liquid includes an accessible functional group that is capable of binding to said gaseous electrophilic species. In particular embodiments, the mesoporous sorbent particles are contained within refractory hollow fibers. Also described is a method for capturing a gaseous electrophilic species by use of the above-described composite structure, wherein the gaseous electrophilic species is contacted with the composite structure. In particular embodiments thereof, cooling water is passed through the refractory hollow fibers containing the IL-functionalized sorbent particles in order to facilitate capture of the gaseous electrophilic species, and then steam is passed through the refractory hollow fibers to facilitate release of the gaseous electrophilic species such that the composite structure can be re-used to capture additional gas. 1. A composite structure for capturing a gaseous electrophilic species , the composite structure comprising mesoporous refractory sorbent particles on which an ionic liquid is covalently attached , wherein said ionic liquid includes an accessible functional group that is capable of binding to said gaseous electrophilic species.2. The composite structure of claim 1 , wherein said gaseous electrophilic species is selected from carbon dioxide claim 1 , carbon monoxide claim 1 , and oxides of sulfur.3. The composite structure of claim 1 , wherein said mesoporous refractory sorbent particles have a solid inorganic composition.4. The composite structure of claim 3 , wherein said solid inorganic composition is selected from oxides of main group and transition metals.5. The composite structure of claim 4 , wherein said oxides of main group and transition metals are selected from silica claim 4 , alumina claim 4 , aluminosilicate claim 4 , ...

Low Cost Immobilized Amine Regenerable Solid Sorbents

A method of modifying a chemical interaction between a functional group of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent composition and a compound that chemically interacts with the functional group to reduce the heat required to desorb the compound from the solid sorbent. A method of inhibiting degradation of an immobilized amine in an immobilized amine solid sorbent. Compositions and methods of use of a low-cost regenerable immobilized amine solid sorbent resistant to degradation. 1. A method of modifying a chemical interaction between i) an amine functional group of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent composition , and , ii) a gaseous compound that chemically interacts with the amine functional group , by causing the adsorption of the gaseous compound on the immobilized amines in the presence of an alcohol species.2. The method of wherein the immobilized amine is prepared from an aliphatic or aromatic amine and an epoxy on a solid support claim 1 , said solid support comprising an oxide claim 1 , a metal claim 1 , a carbon material claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The method of wherein the chemically adsorbed compound is an acidic gas claim 1 , said acidic gas comprising claim 1 , sulfur dioxide claim 1 , hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , carbonyl sulfide claim 1 , CS2 claim 1 , thiopene claim 1 , dibenzothiophene claim 1 , tetrahydrothiophene claim 1 , dimethyl sulfide claim 1 , mercaptan claim 1 , tertbutylmercaptant claim 1 , 2-methyl-2propanethiol claim 1 , 1-propanethiol claim 1 , isobutanethiol claim 1 , 2-butanethiol claim 1 , I-butanethiol claim 1 , 1-pentanethiol claim 1 , I-hexanethiol claim 1 , and I-heptanethiol claim 1 , nitric oxide claim 1 , nitrogen oxide claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , or some combination thereof.4. The method of wherein the alcohol species is a glycol.5. A method comprising:a. inhibiting degradation of amine functional groups of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent compositionb. by including an inorganic base in the solid ...

DRY SCRUBBER SYSTEM

An air quality control system (AQCS) useful for processing a gas stream, such as a flue gas stream emitted from a fossil fuel fired boiler, for at least partial removal of acidic and like pollutants therefrom. The air quality control system includes a CDS reactor useful using a reducing agent slurry. 1. A circulating dry scrubber dry flue gas desulfurization system useful for at least partially removing pollutants from a flue gas comprising:a dry scrubber reactor arranged in a vertical gas duct fluidly connected to a feed device supplying moistened reducing agent from a reducing agent slurry supply to the dry scrubber reactor;an outlet in said feed device for excess water drainage; anda particulate removal device fluidly connected downstream from the vertical gas duct.2. The system of wherein the particulate removal device captures particulate matter in flue gas flowing from the vertical gas duct.3. The system of wherein the particulate removal device includes hoppers for collected particulate matter and the collected particulate matter in the hoppers is transported to the feed device.4. The system of wherein the feed device supplies moistened reducing agent to the dry scrubber reactor with uniform distribution across a horizontal cross section thereof.5. The system of wherein the moistened reducing agent contacts flue gas in the dry scrubber reactor and reacts with pollutants in the flue gas to at least partially remove pollutants from the flue gas.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein said reducing agent is lime.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal device is a fabric filter.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal device is an electrostatic precipitator.9. A method of using the system to at least partially remove pollutants from a flue gas comprising:a.) passing said flue gas laden with acidic pollutants into said dry scrubber reactor;b.) reacting said flue gas with a moist reducing agent in said dry scrubber reactor to form ...

REGENERATIVE RECOVERY OF CONTAMINANTS FROM EFFLUENT GASES

This invention relates to processes for the selective removal of contaminants from effluent gases. More particularly, various embodiments of the present invention relate to selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from effluent gases in a regenerative sulfur dioxide absorption/desorption process that achieves favorable energy efficiency. Energy is recovered from a wet stripper overhead gas stream produced in the desorption cycle by indirect transfer of heat from the stripper gas to a cooling medium and used to generate steam for use in stripping contaminants from the absorption liquor. The absorption zone may optionally be cooled to enhance the capacity of the absorption medium for absorption of a contaminant gas, thereby lowering the volume of absorption medium and contaminant-enriched absorption liquor that must be pumped, handled, heated and cooled in the absorption/desorption cycle. 1. A process for selectively removing and recovering a contaminant gas from a contaminant-containing source gas , the process comprising:contacting a feed gas stream comprising the source gas in a contaminant gas absorber with an aqueous absorption medium comprising a sorbent for the contaminant gas, thereby absorbing contaminant gas from the feed gas stream into the absorption medium and producing an exhaust gas from which contaminant gas has been removed and a contaminant-enriched absorption liquor;contacting the contaminant-enriched absorption liquor with stripping steam in an absorption liquor stripper to desorb the contaminant from the contaminant-enriched absorption liquor and thereby produce a regenerated contaminant absorption medium and a primary stripper gas effluent comprising water vapor and contaminant gas;withdrawing regenerated absorption medium from a liquid outlet of the absorption liquor stripper and primary stripper gas effluent from a vapor outlet of the absorption liquor stripper;compressing the primary stripper gas effluent;condensing water from the ...

SHIP FLUE GAS SCRUBBING APPARATUS AND METHOD

A ship flue gas scrubbing apparatus and scrubbing method are provided. The apparatus includes a housing, an upper scrubbing layer at the upper side inside the housing, and a liquid collecting pool in the lower side inside the housing, a flue gas leading-in port between the scrubbing layer and the liquid collecting pool, a scrubbing seawater inlet above the scrubbing layer, and a cooler located at a flue gas passage between the flue gas inlet outside the housing and the scrubbing layer. The method includes leading flue gas, cooling, injecting scrubbing seawater, scrubbing and other steps. 1. A ship flue gas scrubbing apparatus , comprising a housing , a scrubbing layer having fillings being fixed within the housing at an upper part of the housing , a liquid collecting pool with a seawater discharging outlet being provided within the housing at a lower part of the housing , a flue gas leading pipe for leading flue gas to be scrubbed from outside of the housing into inside of the housing , the flue gas leading pipe being connected to a wall of the housing , one end of the flue gas leading pipe comprising a flue gas inlet outside the housing , another end of the flue gas leading pipe comprising a flue gas leading-in port inside the housing , the flue gas leading-in port being located at an inner wall of the housing or extending into the housing , and being located between the scrubbing layer and the liquid collecting pool , a cooler for cooling high temperature flue gas being provided in a flue gas passage between the flue gas inlet outside the housing of the flue gas leading pipe and the scrubbing layer , the cooler comprising a cooling flow equalization layer provided between the gas leading-in port inside the housing and the scrubbing layer , a scrubbing seawater inlet being above the scrubbing layer , and a clean gas outlet being provided at a top of the housing;wherein scrubbing seawater is arranged to flow through the scrubbing layer and then through the cooler, ...

Dry Processes, Apparatus, Compositions and Systems for Reducing Sulfur Oxides and HCl

Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl in a process employing a combination of a dolomite hydrate sorbent and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SOand/or HCl-containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCl reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated. 1. A process for reducing emissions of SOand/or HCl from a combustor , comprising: identifying locations within a combustor for feeding a dolomite hydrate sorbent and a sorbent doping agent; determining the physical form and injection parameters for the sorbent and the sorbent doping agent; injecting both the dolomite hydrate sorbent and the sorbent doping agent into combustion gases containing SOand/or HCl , the introduction being under conditions effective to capture sulfur oxides and/or HCl with the sorbent at a greater rate than achievable by the same sorbent without the sorbent doping agent; and collecting the spent sorbent.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the sorbent is introduced at a temperature within the range of from about 2200° to 1500° F. as a slurry in droplets having a mean diameter of from about 25 to about 300 microns.3. A process according to claim 2 , wherein the sorbent is introduced at a temperature within the range of from 1900° to about 1600° F.4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the sorbent is introduced to reduce HCl at a temperature of less than ...

SYSTEM & METHOD FOR PREVENTING SCALING IN A FLUE GAS DESULPHURIZATION SYSTEM

A system & Method for Preventing Scaling in a Flue Gas Desulphurization System is provided. The system includes an injector configured to direct a barrier fluid toward a surface that is otherwise susceptible to scaling when it comes in contact with super-saturated alkaline solutions such as slurry used to capture CO2 from a flue gas stream. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. A method of controlling scaling in a flue gas desulphurization system comprising:directing an alkaline fluid outwardly from an injector in a tank section of an absorber tower against side interior walls for alkaline fluid contact therewith; andforming an aged alkaline slurry barrier on the side interior walls by alkaline fluid movement of aged alkaline slurry upwardly toward and into contact with the side interior walls reducing scaling thereon.13. The method of wherein the injector comprises a hollow conduit in which a plurality of apertures is provided.14. The method of wherein the injector is generally ring-shaped.15. The method of wherein the injector further comprises spray nozzles fitted to said apertures.16. The method of wherein the injector comprises a plurality of apertures fitted with nozzles configured so as to direct alkaline fluid into aged alkaline slurry moving the aged alkaline slurry toward and against the side interior walls of the tank section forming an aged alkaline slurry barrier there against.17. The method of wherein the alkaline fluid comprises a gas.18. The method of wherein the alkaline fluid comprises air.19. The method of wherein the alkaline fluid comprises a non-supersaturated alkaline slurry.20. The method of wherein the aged alkaline slurry comprises an alkaline slurry not supersaturated with calcium sulfite or calcium sulfate.21. The method of wherein the aged alkaline slurry is re-circulated from near the bottom of the tank section. This ...

Method for controlling compounds and conditions in a wet flue gas desulfurization (wfgd) unit

The present invention relates generally to the field of emissions control and, in particular to a new and useful method and/or system by which to control various types of corrosion and/or precipitation issues in at least a portion of a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) scrubber system. In one embodiment, the method and/or system of the present invention relies on the supply of at least one reducing agent to the slurry of a wet flue gas desulfurization scrubber to lower the oxidation reduction potential in the absorber slurry contained within the wet flue gas desulfurization scrubber. In still another embodiment, the method and/or system of the present invention control the oxidation-reduction potential in at least one bleed stream of an absorber slurry, filtrate, and/or solution from a wet flue gas desulfurization scrubber.

N-FUNCTIONALIZED IMIDAZOLE-CONTAINING SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF USE

Systems containing imidazoles or blends of imidazoles and amines are described herein. Methods of their preparation and use are also described herein. The methods of using the systems include the reduction of volatile compounds from gas streams and liquid streams. 141-. (canceled)42. A method for removing a volatile compound from a stream , comprising:contacting the stream with a solvent system comprising an N-functionalized imidazole,wherein the N-functionalized imidazole is non-ionic under neutral conditions and is from about 20% to about 80% by weight of the solvent system, andwherein the volatile compound comprises carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, thiols, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, or any mixture thereof.43. The method of claim 42 , wherein the N-functionalized imidazole comprises from about 30% to about 70% by weight of the solvent system.46. The method of claim 45 , wherein the amine is monoethanolamine claim 45 , N-methylethanolamine claim 45 , diglycolamine claim 45 , diethanolamine claim 45 , or N-methyldiethanolamine.47. The method of claim 45 , wherein the amine is 2-amino-2-methylpropanol.48. The method of claim 45 , wherein the amine is diisopropanolamine.49. The method of claim 45 , wherein the amine is substituted or unsubstituted piperazine.50. The method of claim 45 , wherein the N-functionalized imidazole and the amine are present in the solvent system in a weight ratio from 9:1 to 1:9.51. The method of claim 42 , wherein the stream is a natural gas stream claim 42 , a synthesis gas claim 42 , a liquid hydrocarbon stream claim 42 , or a flue gas stream.52. The method of claim 42 , further comprising regenerating the solvent system by heating claim 42 , applying vacuum or any combination thereof to regenerate the solvent system.53. The method of claim 42 , wherein the solvent system further comprises water.54. A solvent system for capturing a volatile compound from a stream ...

Wet type exhaust gas desulfurization apparatus

A wet type exhaust gas desulfurization apparatus includes an absorption tower desulfurizing exhaust gas by causing the exhaust gas to come into gas-liquid contact with an absorbent, a spray mechanism spraying the absorbent into the tower, an oxidization mechanism provided in a bottom portion of the tower and supplying oxygen to the absorbent that accumulates inside the tower, a circulation mechanism feeding the absorbent from a discharge port formed in the bottom portion of the tower, to the spray mechanism, and a liquid ejection mechanism including a hydraulic nozzle ejecting liquid into the tower. In this apparatus, the oxidization mechanisms are provided with an interval in a horizontal direction relative to the discharge port. Furthermore, in the apparatus, the hydraulic nozzle is installed in the bottom portion of the tower and is provided at a location between the oxidization mechanism and the discharge port.

PROCESS TO ENHANCE MIXING OF DRY SORBENTS AND FLUE GAS FOR AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

The disclosure provides an improved means of controlling mercury emissions from coal-fired boiler applications. Specifically, the disclosure comprises a static mixing device placed in the flue gas stream. The static mixing device can enhance dispersion of injected sorbents in the flue gas, resulting in improved mercury capture at a lower sorbent injection rate. 1. A method , comprising:introducing an additive to a contaminated gas stream to form an additive-containing gas stream, the additive at least partially removing or causing the removal of the contaminant;passing the additive-containing gas stream through a static mixing device, positioned in the gas stream, to form a mixed gas stream; andremoving, by a particulate control device, particulates from the mixed gas stream, wherein the particulates comprise at least some of the contaminant and/or a derivative thereof.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one contaminant comprises mercury and wherein the additive is one or more of a halogen claim 1 , halide claim 1 , and powdered activated carbon.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one contaminant comprises one or more of nitrogen oxides (NO) claim 1 , sulfur oxides (SOx) claim 1 , hydrochloric acid (HCl) claim 1 , hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , and hydrofluoric acid (HF) and wherein the additive is one or more of lime claim 1 , an alkaline earth metal sesquicarbonate claim 1 , an alkali metal sesquicarbonate claim 1 , a metal oxide claim 1 , an alkaline earth metal carbonate claim 1 , an alkali earth metal carbonate claim 1 , an alkaline earth metal bicarbonate claim 1 , and an alkali earth metal bicarbonate.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a distance from an output of the static mixing device to an input of the downstream particulate control device is at least about one times the hydraulic diameter of a conduit positioned between the static mixing device and particulate control device.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the static mixing device ...

Method of cleaning a carbon dioxide rich flue gas and a boiler system

A boiler system ( 101 ) comprises a boiler ( 2 ) for combusting a fuel in the presence of a gas containing oxygen gas, and a gas cleaning system ( 106 ). The boiler system ( 101 ) comprises a compression device being operative for pressurizing at least a portion of the carbon dioxide rich flue gas from which at least a portion of the contaminant content has been removed, and a carbon dioxide supply duct ( 142; 143; 145 ) being operative for forwarding at least a portion of the pressurized carbon dioxide rich flue gas to at least one gas cleaning device ( 108; 110; 111 ) for being utilized as a utility gas therein.

Flur-Gas purification and reclamation system and method thereof

A flue-gas purification system includes a flue-gas cycling system, a reactor, and an absorbent adding system having at least a catalytic absorbent, wherein the catalytic absorbent is being gasified for reacting with the flue-gas in the reactor in a homogenous gas-gas phase reacting manner. Therefore, the purification system has fast reaction rate between the pollutants of the flue-gas and the catalytic absorbent, which is preferably ammonia, to efficiently remove pollutants, so as to effectively purify the flue-gas. 1. A flue-gas purification system , comprising:a reactor;a flue-gas cycling system for conveying at least one exhaust flue-gas to said reactor; andan absorbent adding system containing at least a catalytic absorbent for reacting a plurality of pollutants of said flue-gas in said reactor at a reacting temperature of 140° C. or below to form a series of reactions, so as to form final products in solid state after said series reactions to efficiently purify said flue-gas.2. The flue-gas purification system claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein said catalytic absorbent is in gas phase and is a mixture of gasified ammonia and an oxygen contained matter for reacting said pollutants of said flue-gas in said reactor.3. The flue-gas purification system claim 2 , as recited in claim 2 , wherein a volume ratio of said gasified ammonia and said oxygen contained matter is 0 to 100.4. The flue-gas purification system claim 2 , as recited in claim 2 , wherein said oxygen contained matter is selected from a group consisting of oxygen claim 2 , air claim 2 , oxidized air claim 2 , gasified hydrogen peroxide claim 2 , and ozone.5. The flue-gas purification system claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein said pollutants of said flue-gas is selected from a group consisting of SOx claim 1 , NOx claim 1 , CO claim 1 , HF claim 1 , HCl claim 1 , HNO claim 1 , HS claim 1 , HSO claim 1 , Hg claim 1 , Hg claim 1 , which being removed via a series of processes.6. The flue-gas ...

WET SCRUBBER FOR REMOVING SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM A PROCESS GAS

A wet scrubber () for cleaning a process gas containing sulphur dioxide comprises an absorption vessel () operative for bringing the process gas into contact with an absorption liquid to absorb sulphur dioxide from the process gas. The wet scrubber () further comprises an acidification system () operative for mixing absorption liquid that has absorbed sulphur dioxide from the process gas with a carbon dioxide containing gas, an absorbent dissolution tank () operative for adding an absorbent material to at least a portion of the absorption liquid, and a return pipe () operative for returning to the absorption vessel () at least a portion of the absorption liquid that has been mixed with the carbon dioxide containing gas. 1. A method of cleaning a process gas containing sulphur dioxide by a wet scrubber , said method comprisingbringing the process gas into contact with an absorption liquid in an absorption vessel to absorb sulphur dioxide from the process gas,mixing the absorption liquid with a carbon dioxide containing gas comprising at least 20% by volume carbon dioxide,adding an absorbent material to at least a portion of the absorption liquid, andreturning at least a portion of the absorption liquid to the absorption vessel to absorb more sulphur dioxide from the process gas.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixing the absorption liquid with a carbon dioxide containing gas comprising at least 20% by volume carbon dioxide is carried out simultaneously with the step of adding an absorbent material to at least a portion of the absorption liquid.3. A method according to claim 1 , the method further comprising mixing the absorption liquid with an oxygen containing gas containing at least 3% by volume oxygen claim 1 , O claim 1 , prior to mixing the absorption liquid with the carbon dioxide containing gas comprising at least 20% by volume carbon dioxide.4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein the mixing the absorption liquid with an oxygen containing gas ...

System and process for trapping sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide by ammonia absorption at atmospheric pressure

A system and a process for capture and absorption of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide by an ammonia method at normal pressure are disclosed. The system has a dilute ammonia water supply device connected with sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide absorption devices; an induced draft fan is connected with a heat exchanger connected with the sulfur dioxide absorption device; a sulfur dioxide absorption tower is connected with a carbon dioxide absorption tower; cooling devices in the sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide absorption towers share a cooling water inlet and outlet pipe; the sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide absorption devices respectively restore ammonia concentration to original ammonia water concentration by supplementing concentrated ammonia water; the sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide absorption devices respectively pump solutions into the heat exchangers, then the solutions enter crystallization tanks; solid-liquid separation is performed through centrifuges, and the liquid continues to circulate in the system. 117877172737475767771711712711713714711881828384858687818118128118138148111713813233711711767672727373747475757777714976774565671481471181171117121812171281231371228122712812323105071218121811868682828383848485858787814208687. A system for capture and absorption of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide by an ammonia method at normal pressure , comprising a dilute ammonia water supply device () , a sulfur dioxide absorption device () and a carbon dioxide absorption device () , wherein the sulfur dioxide absorption device () comprises a normal-pressure sulfur dioxide absorption tower () , a second heat exchanger () , a sulfur dioxide crystallization tank () , an ammonium sulfate product centrifuge () , a first mother liquor tank () , and a fifth and a sixth pumps ( , ); further , the sulfur dioxide absorption tower () comprises a first tank body () , a first cooling device () positioned inside the first tank body () , and a first and a second spraying ...

Reducing sulfur gas emissions resulting from the burning of carbonaceous fuels

A method of reducing sulfur emissions by applying remediation materials in a powder sorbent onto coal and combusting the coal with the materials applied. The powder sorbent contain sources of silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron, and magnesium, and ash from combustion contains the captured sulfur.

WET TYPE EXHAUST GAS DESULFURIZATION APPARATUS

A wet type flue gas desulfurization apparatus desulfurizes flue gas existing inside an absorption tower by causing the flue gas to come into gas-liquid contact with an absorbent, and the absorbent is fed through a header pipe and sprayed through nozzles. In the apparatus, the absorbent accumulated inside the absorption tower is fed to the nozzles to circulate in the absorption tower. The apparatus includes: a bypass pipe feeding the absorbent through the nozzles from a downstream of the nozzles into the absorption tower; a tank arranged at an intermediate location on the bypass pipe; a perforated plate arranged inside the tank; and an access port opening on a side surface of the tank above the perforated plate to communicate between an inside and an outside of the tank. The absorbent that freely falls and passes through the perforated plate while scales or impurities are collected above the perforated plate. 1. A wet type flue gas desulfurization apparatus comprising:an absorption tower configured to desulfurize flue gas by causing the flue gas to come into gas-liquid contact with an absorbent;nozzles configured to spray the absorbent into the absorption tower;a header pipe configured to feed the absorbent to the nozzles;a circulation mechanism configured to feed the absorbent accumulated inside the absorption tower through the nozzles of the header pipe toward an upstream of a flow of the absorbent;a bypass pipe configured to feed the absorbent through the nozzles of the header pipe from a downstream of the nozzles into the absorption tower in a direction of flow of the absorbent;a tank arranged at an intermediate location on the bypass pipe in the direction of flow of the absorbent;a perforated plate being arranged inside the tank and having multiple transmission holes; andan access port that opens on a side surface of the tank to communicate between an inside and an outside of the tank;wherein the access port is arranged above the perforated plate, andwherein the ...

DESULPHURIZATION AND COOLING OF PROCESS GAS

The present invention relates to a method of cleaning a process gas containing sulphur dioxide the method including removing sulphur dioxide from the process gas by contacting the process gas with seawater to generate an at least partly cleaned process gas in a first gas cleaning device. In a second gas cleaning device, being arranged in direct fluid connection with the first gas cleaning device, the at least partly cleaned process gas having passed through the first gas cleaning device is cooled to condense water there from, thereby generating a process gas having a reduced content of water vapour. At least a part of the condensed water generated in the second gas cleaning device is passed to the first gas cleaning device. The present invention moreover relates to a gas cleaning system for cleaning of a process gas containing sulphur dioxide. 1. A method of cleaning a process gas containing sulphur dioxide , comprisingin a first gas cleaning device, removing sulphur dioxide from the process gas by contacting the process gas with seawater to generate an at least partly cleaned process gas;in a second gas cleaning device being arranged in direct fluid connection with the first gas cleaning device, cooling the at least partly cleaned process gas having passed through the first gas cleaning device to condense water there from, thereby generating a process gas having a reduced content of water vapour, andpassing at least a part of the condensed water generated in the second gas cleaning device to the first gas cleaning device.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein cooling in the second gas cleaning device comprises contacting the at least partly cleaned process gas with a cooling liquid to condense water there from claim 1 , thereby further generating a used cooling liquid.3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprisingpolishing, in the second gas cleaning device, the partly cleaned process gas to further remove sulphur dioxide there from, thereby ...

DESULFURIZATION DEVICE AND PARTICULATE COLLECTION SYSTEM

A desulfurization apparatus includes: a desulfurization section () that brings exhaust gas containing sulfur oxide into gas-liquid contact with absorbing liquid to thereby remove the sulfur oxide; a folded-plate type demister () that is installed above the desulfurization section (), and removes mist generated in the desulfurization section (); a packing section () that is installed above the folded-plate type demister (), has a same cross-sectional area as the desulfurization section () and the folded-plate type demister (), and removes mist that is not removed by the folded-plate type demister (); and a washing section () that injects water to the packing section (). As a result of this, mist contained in the exhaust gas is easily and reliably reduced. 1. A desulfurization apparatus comprising:a desulfurization section that brings exhaust gas containing sulfur oxide into gas-liquid contact with absorbing liquid to thereby remove the sulfur oxide;a first mist removal section that is installed above the desulfurization section, and removes mist generated in the desulfurization section;a second mist removal section that is installed above the first mist removal section, has a same cross-sectional area as the desulfurization section and the first mist removal section, and removes mist that is not removed by the first mist removal section; anda washing section that injects water to the second mist removal section.2. The desulfurization apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the washing section injects water continuously or intermittently to the second mist removal section.3. The desulfurization apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising a circulation system in which water injected from the washing section is recovered claim 1 , and the recovered water is injected from the washing section.4. The desulfurization apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein oxidizer is added to the water that the washing section injects.5. A dust removal system comprising:a heat recovery ...

Method and apparatus for pre-heating recirculated flue gas to a dry scrubber during periods of low temperature

A method and system for preventing exclusions in an air quality control system (AQCS) of a type having a scrubber, either a circulating fluidized bed (CFB), transport reactor (TR) or spray-dryer absorber SDA, and in all three cases with a flue gas recirculation FGR system. The invention automatically pre-heats flue gas recirculated to the input of the CFB/TR/SDA scrubber during periods of low temperature operation. The system supplements the “traditional” gas recirculation scheme with heater(s) that are used during periods of low temperature. During periods of low load conditions, the system monitors the SDA/TR/CFB inlet temperature and, when it falls below a setpoint, the control system increases the heat input of the pre-heater(s) in the FGR system in order to maintain a minimum inlet temperature. This satisfies the need for the inlet temperature to be above a certain level, thereby ensuring that the temperature is high enough so that when process water is added for promotion of the acid gas reactions with lime the scrubber exit temperature is maintained above the minimum required for proper system operation. The temperature sensor may be a conventional dry bulb temperature sensor or its functional equivalent installed at or near the CFB, TR or SDA scrubber FGR inlet.

EXHAUST GAS CLEAN-UP SYSTEM FOR FOSSIL FUEL FIRED POWER PLANT

A fossil fuel fired power plant exhaust gas clean-up system is provided to remove detrimental compounds/elements from the exhaust gas emitting from the power plant to protect the environment. The removal of detrimental compounds/elements is accomplished by directing the exhaust gas thought several process steps. For example, one step includes a wet scrubber that includes the exhaust gas, water, and a chemically produced compound. The chemical reaction therein is effective to remove sulfur from the exhaust gas and as a side benefit, a useful by-product is produced and stored. Another step directs the remaining exhaust gas through a catalytic converter that is effective to convert nitrogen oxide to nitrogen gas and converts carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide. The final step includes directing the remaining exhaust gas into a reaction chamber with the addition of a reacting compound to remove the carbon dioxide and produce a chemical compound that is used in the first step. The final exhaust gas can now be safely exhausted to the atmosphere and only contains nitrogen gas, oxygen, water and a trace amount of carbon dioxide. 1. A process for gas clean-up of a fossil fuel fired power plant , comprising the steps of:directing the exhaust gas from the fossil fuel fired power plant through a wet scrubber;adding a chemically produced compound from another source to the wet scrubber;adding water from a remote source to the wet scrubber to mix with the exhaust gas and the chemically produced compound;bypassing a chemically produced byproduct from the wet scrubber;directing the chemically modified exhaust gas through a catalytic converter to further chemically modify the exhaust gas from the wet scrubber;directing the further chemically modified exhaust gas to a reactor chamber for additional modification;adding a reacting compound to the reaction chamber to aid in the additional modification of the exhaust gas therein;bypassing the chemically produced product from the reactor ...

EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT DEVICE AND WASTE WATER TREATMENT METHOD FOR EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT DEVICE

In order to reduce energy consumed for waste water treatment, in a scrubber, an exhaust gas is purified into a purified gas by bringing SOcontained in the exhaust gas into contact with cleaning seawater and SO-absorbed cleaning seawater is discharged as waste water. Then, a flow rate and a concentration of SOof the exhaust gas and a concentration of SOof the purified gas are measured. These measurement values are used as a basis to calculate an amount of HSO obtained by being absorbed into the cleaning seawater, and an amount of dilution seawater in accordance with this calculation result is supplied to the waste water. 1. An exhaust gas treatment device comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'a scrubber configured to purify an exhaust gas into a purified gas by bringing SOcontained in the exhaust gas into contact with cleaning seawater to form SO-absorbed cleaning seawater, the scrubber further configured for discharging the SO-absorbed cleaning seawater as waste water;'}a first measurer configured to measure a flow rate of the exhaust gas before the exhaust gas is charged into the scrubber to determine a first measurement value;{'sub': '2', 'a second measurer configured to measure a concentration of the SOof the exhaust gas before the exhaust gas is charged into the scrubber to determine a second measurement value;'}{'sub': '2', 'a third measurer configured to measure a concentration of SOof the purified gas to determine a third measurement value; and'}{'sub': '3', 'sup': '−', 'a controller configured to calculate an amount of HSO of the waste water based on the first, second and third measurement values of the first through third measurers to thereby obtain a calculation result, and configured to supply an amount of an alkaline substance, in accordance with the calculation result, to the waste water.'}2. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1 , wherein the controller supplies the alkaline substance to the waste water so that a total sum of alkaline ions ...

DESULFURIZATION ABSORPTION TOWER

A desulfurization absorption tower, a method for setting up the same and a method for operating the same. The tower may include an internal anti-corrosion layer that may be used for contacting the flue gas and the desulfurization absorption liquid, may define the tower chamber, and may include stainless steel plate whose thickness is 1.0 mm to 6.0 mm. The tower body may include an external supporting layer that may be used for supporting the anti-corrosion layer and may include carbon steel. The supporting layer and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to jointly bear a load, wherein the supporting layer may be designed to bear a large part of the load, and the anti-corrosion layer may be designed to bear a small part of the load. 128-. (canceled)29. A method for cleaning flue gas , the method comprising:introducing flue gas into an interior region defined by a stainless steel plate interior layer of a desulfurization absorption tower;flowing the flue gas up through the tower;receiving in the interior, through the interior layer, a desulfurization absorption liquid;transferring chloride ion from the flue gas to the desulfurization absorption liquid;contacting the chloride ion with the interior layer; andguiding the chloride ion out of the interior layer, in a desulfurization absorption liquid with a predetermined content of ammonium sulfate, to an ammonium sulfate after-treatment system.30. The method of wherein the contacting comprises:contacting the absorption liquid with the interior layer at a first location, where steel plate includes steel of a first grade; and, then,contacting the absorption liquid with the interior layer at a second location, where the steel plate includes steel of a second grade; the absorption liquid in the first contacting has a first chloride ion concentration;', 'the absorption liquid in the second contacting has a second chloride ion concentration;', 'the first grade is preselected for the first concentration; and', 'the second ...

WET FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS

Systems, apparatuses, and processes for controlling free ammonia in wet flue gas desulfurization processes in which an ammonia-containing scrubbing solution is used to produce ammonium sulfate. Such an apparatus includes an absorber having a contactor region through which a flue gas comprising sulfur dioxide is able to flow and a reaction tank containing a scrubbing solution containing ammonium sulfate. The tank has a sidewall and bottom wall that define the perimeter and bottom of the tank. Lance-agitator units are distributed around the perimeter of the tank, each having a lance that injects a mixture of oxygen and a dilute ammonia-containing fluid toward the bottom of the tank and an agitator that agitates the mixture and propels the mixture toward the bottom of the tank. The apparatus includes a source of the mixture of oxygen and dilute ammonia-containing fluid, and recirculates the scrubbing solution from the tank to the contactor region. 1. An apparatus for removing sulfur dioxide from a flue gas , the apparatus comprising:an absorber having a contactor region through which a flue gas comprising sulfur dioxide is able to flow and a reaction tank containing a scrubbing solution comprising ammonium sulfate, the tank having a side wall that defines a perimeter of the tank and a bottom wall that defines a bottom of the tank;a plurality of lance-agitator units distributed around the perimeter of the tank, each of the lance-agitator units comprising a lance that injects a mixture of oxygen and a dilute ammonia-containing fluid toward the bottom of the tank and an agitator that agitates the mixture and propels the mixture toward the bottom of the tank;a source of the mixture of oxygen and dilute ammonia-containing fluid; andmeans for recirculating the scrubbing solution from the tank to the contactor region.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the source of the oxygen in the mixture is air.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the dilute ammonia ...

A PROCESS FOR TREATING A SULFUROUS FLUID TO FORM GYPSUM AND MAGNESIUM CARBONATE

A process for treating a sulfurous fluid to form gypsum and magnesium carbonate, whereby the sulfurous fluid is scrubbed with a sequestrating agent to yield a scrubbed fluid, gypsum and magnesium sulfate. The flue gas desulfurized gypsum is isolated from the magnesium sulfate solution by filtration or centrifugation. The magnesium sulfate is reacted with a carbonate salt to produce a magnesium carbonate whereby the reaction conditions are controlled to control the properties of the magnesium carbonate produced. 1. A process for treating a sulfurous fluid to form gypsum and magnesium carbonate , comprising:contacting the sulfurous fluid with a sequestrating agent to yield a scrubbed fluid, gypsum and magnesium sulfate; andreacting a carbonate salt with the magnesium sulfate to produce a magnesium carbonate.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising separating at least a portion of the gypsum from the magnesium sulfate to form a gypsum product.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the separating is by filtration or centrifugation.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the moisture content of the gypsum product after separating does not exceed 10%.5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the gypsum product comprises at least one impurity selected from the group consisting of a carbonate claim 2 , a sulfate claim 2 , an iron mineral claim 2 , and an organic species.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the sequestrating agent is a calcium-containing carbonate mineral.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the calcium-containing carbonate material is dolomite or dolomitic limestone.8. The process of claim 6 , wherein the calcium-containing carbonate mineral has an average particle size ranging from 50 μm to 100 μm.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the sulfurous fluid is a flue gas with a temperature ranging from 350° C. to 1200° C.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the contacting removes 98 to 99% of sulfur from the sulfurous fluid.11. The process of claim 1 , further ...

LIMESTONE SUPPLY DEVICE AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

A limestone supply device is provided for supplying calcium carbonate to an upstream of a desulfurization device and a heat exchanger disposed on an upstream of the desulfurization device on a flue gas duct through which flue gas discharged from a combustion engine in which a fuel burns flows. An air pollution control system having the limestone supply device is provided, including a calcium carbonate accumulate unit configured to accumulate calcium carbonate, a calcium carbonate transport unit configured to transport the calcium carbonate accumulated in the calcium carbonate accumulate unit, a calcium carbonate supply unit configured to supply the calcium carbonate transported by the calcium carbonate transport unit to the flue gas duct, and a moisture supply unit configured to supply moisture to a region to which the calcium carbonate is supplied by the calcium carbonate supply unit. 17-. (canceled)8. An air pollution control system comprising:a heat exchanger configured to recover heat of flue gas from a combustion engine in which fuel burns;a dust collector configured to remove dust in the flue gas before the heat is recovered by the heat exchanger;a desulfurization device configured to remove sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas using an absorbent after removing the dust;a limestone supply device arranged between the dust collector and the desulfurization device or an upstream of the dust collector: anda controller, wherein the limestone supply device comprising;a calcium carbonate accumulate unit configured to accumulate calcium carbonate;a calcium carbonate transport unit configured to transport, the calcium carbonate accumulated in the calcium carbonate accumulate unit;a calcium carbonate supply unit configured to supply the calcium carbonate transported by the calcium carbonate transport unit, to a flue gas duct; anda moisture supply unit configured to supply moisture to a region of the flue gas duct to which the calcium carbonate is supplied by the ...

FILLERS FOR TREATING FLUE-GAS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING FLUE-GAS FILLED WITH THE FILLERS

The present invention relates to fillers for flue-gas treatment comprising by preparing two kinds of large and small fillers with different diameters of cylinder bodies each of which comprising by plurally providing circular windows having hole diameter from one third to two thirds of diameter of a thin-walled cylinder body on a cylinder wall of the thin-walled cylinder body that the diameter and the length thereof are approximately equal in a circumferential direction of the thin-walled cylinder body, wherein the smaller filler (hereinafter, saying “the small filler”) is installed in an inner diameter side of the larger filler (hereinafter, saying “the large filler”) and the small filler is supported loosely in a suspended state to the cylinder body o the large filler by a suspending retainer, so that the small filler is constituted movably along an inner surface of the cylinder body of the large filler. Thus, inner surfaces and outer surfaces of the large fillers and the small fillers are automatically cleaned, so that scaling adhesion of the rotating packed bed can be disappeared. 1. Fillers for flue-gas treatment comprising by preparing two kinds of large and small fillers with different diameters of cylinder bodies each of which comprising by plurally providing circular windows having hole diameter from one third to two thirds of diameter of a thin-walled cylinder body on a cylinder wall of the thin-walled cylinder body that the diameter and the length thereof are approximately equal in a circumferential direction of the thin-walled cylinder body , wherein the smaller filler (hereinafter , saying “the small filler”) is installed in an inner diameter side of the larger filler (hereinafter , saying “the large filler”) , and the small filler is supported loosely in a suspended state to the cylinder body of the large filler by a suspending retainer , so that the small filler is constituted movably along an inner surface of the cylinder body of the large filler.2. A ...

SYSTEM FOR SULPHUR REMOVAL FROM A FLUE GAS

A system for sulphur removal from a flue gas. The system includes an absorber, a reaction tank and a buffer tank. The buffer tank is connected to the reaction tank by a communicating vessel passage. 1. A system for sulphur removal from a flue gas , the system comprisingan absorber comprising a vessel having an inlet and an outlet for the flue gas, nozzles for spraying a slurry through the flue gas and a slurry accumulation zone at the lower part of the absorber;a reaction tank having an oxidizing gas supply into it and connected to the slurry accumulation zone and comprising a curved plane section;a buffer tank connected to the reaction tank and to the nozzles, for receiving the slurry from the reaction tank and supply the nozzles with the slurry,whereinthe slurry accumulation zone is connected to the reaction tank by a duct comprising a gas lock, anda communicating vessel passage is disposed between and connects the buffer tank and the reaction tank, wherein the communicating vessel passage is tangentially connected to the reaction tank and the buffer tank.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gas lock comprises descending inclined duct portions of the duct from the slurry accumulation zone and reaction tank.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the gas lock comprises a syphon.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the curved plane of the reaction tank has a circular or elliptical curve claim 1 , and in that the communicating vessel passage is eccentrically connected to the reaction tank.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the buffer tank has a curved plane section and in that the communicating vessel passage is eccentrically connected to the buffer tank.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the communicating vessel passage has upward facing nozzles that provide slurry to the buffer tank.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the slurry accumulation zone has an inclined bottom.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the inclined bottom has a lower side facing a vessel wall.9. The ...

Device for producing and treating a gas stream through an automatically controlled volume of liquid

The device for producing and treating a gas stream (F) includes an exchange enclosure ( 2 ) having at least a first discharge opening ( 2 b ) for a gas stream, means ( 3; 4 ) for supplying the enclosure with a liquid (L), means ( 3; 5 ) for discharging the liquid (L) contained in the exchange enclosure ( 2 ) and aeraulic means ( 6 ), which make it possible, during operation, to create, by means of suction or blowing, an incoming gas stream (F) coming from outside the exchange enclosure ( 2 ), so that said incoming gas stream (F) is introduced into the volume of liquid (V) contained in the exchange enclosure ( 2 ), and an outgoing gas stream (F′), treated by direct contact with said volume of liquid, rises inside the exchange enclosure and is discharged out of the exchange enclosure ( 2 ) through the discharge opening ( 2 b ).

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING A CHEMICAL COMPOUND IN ACID GASES

A device () for extracting a chemical compound from a gas of which the initial composition, the flow rate, and the partial pressure of the elements are known, this device comprising an inlet () via which the contaminated gas rushes in and an outlet () via which the decontaminated gas escapes, the device () comprising at least one decontamination level () defining an open passage for the gas, this decontamination level () comprising means () of injecting an acid solution into the gas. 113782329. A device () for extracting a chemical compound from an acid gas of which the initial composition , the flow rate , and the partial pressure of the constituent elements are known , this device comprising a casing () defining a volume through which the gas passes , and equipped , on a first end , with an inlet () via which the contaminated gas rushes in and , on a second end , with an outlet () via which the decontaminated gas escapes , the device comprising at least one decontamination level () in the casing () , this decontamination level () comprising means () of injecting an acid solution into the gas ,{'b': '2', 'claim-text': [{'b': 11', '9', '11', '11', '3', '1', '11, 'a condensate recovery tray () disposed upstream of the injection means () in relation to the gas movement direction, this recovery tray () being dimensioned such that the recovery tray () closes off the casing () of the device (), the recovery tray () being permeable to the gases and impermeable to the liquids;'}, {'b': 4', '13', '11', '9', '14, 'a recovery circuit () comprising a recovery tank () fluid-connected to the recovery tray () for collecting the condensates on the one hand, and fluid-connected to the injection means () for supplying the same with acid solution by means of a fluid pump () on the other hand;'}, {'b': 22', '23, 'means () of measuring the temperature of the gases entering the decontamination level and means () of measuring the temperature of the acid solution;'}, 'a control unit in ...

Renewable transportation fuel process with thermal oxidation sysem

A process for treating effluent streams in a renewable transportation fuel production process is described. One or more of the sour water stream and an acid gas stream are treated directly in thermal oxidation section. The process allows the elimination or size reduction of a sour water stripper unit, waste water treatment plant, and sulfur recovery unit.

REMOVAL OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS FROM GAS, RELATED APPARATUS, PROCESSES AND USES THEREOF

One aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising a single-stage conversion of an atmospheric pollutant, such as NO, NOand/or SOin a first stream to one or more mineral acids and/or salts thereof by reacting with nonionic gas phase chlorine dioxide (ClO), wherein the reaction is carried out in the gas phase. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising first adjusting the atmospheric pollutant concentrations in a first stream to a molar ratio of about 1:1, and then reacting with an aqueous metal hydroxide solution (MOH). Another aspect of the invention relates to an apparatus that can be used to carry out the methods disclosed herein. The methods disclosed herein are unexpectedly efficient and cost effective, and can be applied to a stream comprising high concentration and large volume of atmospheric pollutants.

Composition for the Purification of Flue Gas

The invention relates to a composition for the purification of flue gas containing 35 to 99 wt. % of a powder of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid and 1 to 65 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material, wherein the powder of an absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm/g. The invention also relates to a process for dry flue gas purification and the use of an absorptive material to improve the flowability and/or storability and/or HF absorptivity of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid. 120.-. (canceled)21. A composition for the purification of flue gas , said composition containing , in each case based on the total weight of the composition:a. 35 to 50 wt. % of a powder of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid; andb. 50 to 65 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material;wherein said powder of said absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm3/g, and wherein said absorptive material is an absorbent for sulfur oxides and/or an absorbent for hydrogen chloride and/or hydrogen fluoride, and wherein said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sesquicarbonate, and mixtures thereof.22. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said powder of said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 50 μm; and/or wherein said powder of said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 180 μm.23. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid is sodium hydrogen carbonate and/or sodium sesquicarbonate.24. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said absorptive material is selected from the group consisting of limestone claim 21 , quicklime claim 21 , hydrated lime claim 21 , dolomite claim 21 , dolomitic quicklime claim 21 , dolomitic hydrated lime ...

Low Cost Immobilized Amine Regenerable Solid Sorbents

A method of modifying a chemical interaction between a functional group of an immobilized amine in a solid sorbent composition and a compound that chemically interacts with the functional group to reduce the heat required to desorb the compound from the solid sorbent. A method of inhibiting degradation of an immobilized amine in an immobilized amine solid sorbent. Compositions and methods of use of a low-cost regenerable immobilized amine solid sorbent resistant to degradation. 1. A method of removing a compound from a gas stream comprising: i. an immobilized amine susceptible to chemosorbing the compound,', 'ii. an alcohol species capable of lowering the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the compound and the amine, and', 'iii. an inorganic base,, 'a. employing a regenerable solid sorbent in the gas stream, wherein the regenerable solid sorbent comprises,'}b. allowing the regenerable solid sorbent to adsorb the compound from the gas stream, and;c. heating the solid sorbent to a temperature above the threshold temperature for dissociation of the bond between the adsorbed compound and the immobilized amine, but below the threshold temperature for dissociation of the immobilized amine.2. The method of wherein the gas stream is flue gas claim 1 , the compound is CO claim 1 , the solid support is SiO claim 1 , the amine is an aliphatic amine claim 1 , the adhesive is an epoxy claim 1 , the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol and the inorganic base is NaCO.3. The method of wherein the gas stream is flue gas and the compound is SO claim 1 , the solid support is SiO claim 1 , the amine is an aromatic amine claim 1 , the adhesive is an epoxy claim 1 , the alcohol species is a polyethylene glycol and the inorganic base is NaCO.4. A regenerable immobilized amine solid sorbent composition comprising:a. a solid support particle, 'i. wherein the immobilized amine comprises an adhesive and an amine susceptible to adsorbing a compound,', 'b. an ...

ENHANCEMENT OF CLAUS TAIL GAS TREATMENT BY SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE ABSORPTION TECHNOLOGY

A method for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed is provided. The method comprising the steps of mixing the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream to form a combined Claus feed, introducing the combined Claus feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed to a Claus process to produce a Claus outlet gas stream, introducing the Claus outlet gas stream to a thermal oxidizer, treating the thermal oxidizer outlet stream in a gas treatment unit to produce a dehydrated stream, introducing the dehydrated stream to a membrane sweeping unit to produce a sweep membrane residue stream and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed, introducing a sweep air stream to a permeate side of the membrane sweeping unit, and introducing the sweep membrane residue stream to a sulfur dioxide absorption process to produce the absorption process outlet stream and a stack feed. 1. A system for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed , the system comprising:a Claus process, the Claus process configured to convert a combined Claus feed to produce a Claus outlet gas stream and a recovered sulfur stream, wherein the combined Claus feed comprises the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide such that the acid gas feed has a hydrogen sulfide concentration, wherein the absorption process outlet stream comprises sulfur dioxide, wherein the Claus outlet gas stream comprises sulfur-containing compounds, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide; wherein the recovered sulfur stream comprises elemental sulfur,a thermal oxidizer fluidly connected to the Claus process, the thermal oxidizer configured to convert sulfur-containing compounds and hydrogen sulfide in the Claus outlet gas stream to sulfur dioxide to produce a thermal oxidizer outlet stream, wherein the thermal oxidizer outlet stream comprises the sulfur dioxide and water vapor;a gas treatment unit fluidly connected to the thermal oxidizer, the thermal oxidizer configured to ...

PROCESS FOR REMOVING S02 FROM GAS WITH S02 CONTENT THAT IS TEMPORARILY VERY HIGH

The invention is directed to a process and a system for removing sulfur dioxide from a feed gas stream. In the process the feed gas pre-scrubbed. Then SO2 is absorbed from the gas with an absorbing medium. The spent absorbing medium is regenerated. These process steps are interchanged with a caustic treatment in the pre-scrubbing zone in case of a very high SO2 content in the feed gas stream. The system comprises a pre-scrubbing unit, an absorption unit, and a regeneration unit. The system is characterized in that the pre-scrubber unit comprises an inlet for an aqueous solution comprising a strong base. These are a simple, cost-efficient and reliable process and facility for processing gas with a varying SO2 content. 1. A process for removing sulfur dioxide from a feed gas stream , which process comprises:(i) contacting the feed gas stream with an aqueous stream in a pre-scrubbing zone;(ii) contacting at least a part of the pre-scrubbed gas stream obtained in step (i) with an aqueous lean absorbing medium in an absorption zone to absorb sulfur dioxide and to form a sulfur dioxide lean treated gas stream and a spent absorbing medium;(iii) stripping, preferably steam stripping, absorbed sulfur dioxide from at least a part of the spent absorbing medium obtained in step (ii) in a regeneration zone to form a regenerated aqueous absorbing medium and gas stream comprising sulfur dioxide;(iv) optionally recycling at least a portion of the regenerated aqueous absorbing medium obtained in step (iii) to step (ii);(v) optionally feeding the gas stream comprising sulfur dioxide to a Sulfur Removal Unit, preferably to a Claus Sulfur Removal Unit;whereby the series of steps (i) to (v) is interchanged with:(A) contacting the feed gas stream with an aqueous solution comprising a strong base in the pre-scrubbing zone to form a sulfur dioxide lean treated gas stream and an aqueous solution comprising sulfite and/or bisulfite ions.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein step (A) ...

PROCESS FOR REMOVING SO2 FROM FLUE GASES USING LIQUID SORBENT INJECTION

Finely atomized alkaline sorbent salt solutions are injected into a hot flue gas stream to remove SO. Flash evaporation of the droplets produces very fine dried sorbent particles, which react efficiently with SOin the flue gas. The liquid sorbent may be sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfite, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide or the like. In a coal-fired boiler, the liquid sorbent may be injected after the economizer section, where the flue gas temperature is below 850° F., and upstream of a particulate collection device. The dried sorbent particles react with SOand then are removed from the flue gas stream in the particulate collection device, producing a cleaned flue gas stream. 1. A method for removing sulfur dioxide from a flue gas stream , comprising:passing a flue gas stream through an emission control system having a boiler, an economizer, an air heater, a particulate control device and a stack;injecting into the flue gas stream a liquid sorbent solution having a liquid fraction and a sorbent fraction, wherein the liquid fraction evaporates upon contact with the flue gas stream leaving the sorbent fraction as dry sorbent particles;chemically reacting the dry sorbent particles with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas stream to form a particulate; andcollecting the particulate in a particulate collection device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the flue gas stream at the point the liquid sorbent solution is injected is less than 850° F.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the flue gas stream at the point the liquid sorbent solution is injected is between 600° F. and 800° F.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid sorbent solution is injected into the flue gas stream after the flue gas stream exits the economizer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid sorbent solution is injected into the flue gas stream after the flue gas stream passes through the economizer and is also injected into the flue gas ...

TREATED WATER DRYING DEVICE AND BOILER SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME

A treated water drying device for vaporizing treated water by heat of a combustion gas, the device including a housing , a combustion gas supply port for supplying the combustion gas to the housing , a water supply portion for vaporizing the treated water by bringing the treated water into contact with the combustion gas supplied to the housing , and an exhaust port for discharging a water-containing gas including the vaporized treated water to an outside of the housing . The exhaust port is disposed at a lowermost part of the housing and opens in a direction crossing a vertical direction. The housing has a bottom including an inclined portion formed toward the exhaust port 2. The boiler system according to claim 1 ,wherein the inclined portion is formed at an angle which is not less than a repose angle of solids included in the combustion gas.3. The boiler system according to claim 1 ,wherein the inclined portion is formed at an angle of not less than 30° and less than 90° with respect to a horizontal direction.4. The boiler system according to claim 1 ,wherein the inclined portion includes a planar portion.5. The boiler system according to claim 1 , comprising an exhaust duct connected to the exhaust port claim 1 , an exhaust duct body portion giving passage to the water-containing gas discharged from the exhaust port; and', 'a solid collection portion defining a collection space communicating with an opening formed in a lower part of the exhaust duct body portion, the collection space being provided to collect solids included in the water-containing gas passing through the exhaust duct body portion., 'wherein the exhaust duct includes6. The boiler system according to claim 5 ,wherein the housing includes a first protruding member protruding from an upper end of the exhaust port into the housing.7. The boiler system according to claim 5 ,wherein the solid collection portion includes an opening/closing member for opening/closing the opening.8. The boiler system ...

GAS TREATMENT METHOD AND GAS TREATMENT APPARATUS

A gas treatment method includes an absorption step in which a gas to be treated containing an acidic compound, such as carbon dioxide, is brought into contact, in an absorber, with a treatment liquid that absorbs the acidic compound; and a regeneration step in which the treatment liquid, having the acidic compound absorbed therein, is sent to a regenerator, and the treatment liquid is then heated to separate the acidic compound from the treatment liquid. In the regeneration step, a gas almost insoluble to the treatment liquid, such as hydrogen gas, is brought into contact with the treatment liquid. 1. A gas treatment method , the method comprising:bringing a gas comprising an acidic compound into contact, with a first treatment liquid in an absorber, thereby forming a second treatment liquid having an acidic compound absorbed therein; andregenerating the acid compound by sending the second treatment liquid to a regenerator, and heating the second treatment liquid to separate the acidic compound from the second treatment liquid,wherein the regenerating comprises feeding a gas almost insoluble to the second treatment liquid to the regenerator, and bringing the gas almost insoluble to the second treatment liquid into contact with the second treatment liquid.2. The gas treatment method according to claim 1 , further comprising:for transferring reaction heat, generated in the absorber, to the regenerator with heat transfer means.3. The gas treatment method according to claim 1 , wherein the absorber and the regenerator exchange heat directly.4. The gas treatment method according to claim 1 , wherein a difference of a temperature of the absorber from a temperature of the regenerator falls in a range from −20° C. to 30° C.5. The gas treatment method according to claim 1 , wherein the regenerating comprises feeding 0.05 liters or more of the gas claim 1 , per 1 g of the second treatment liquid to the regenerator.6. The gas treatment method according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

Automated Guided Vehicle for an Emissions Control System

A mobile emissions control system having an emission capturing system and emission control system is provided for diesel engines operated on ocean-going ships at-berth. The emissions control system may be mounted on a towable chassis or mounted on a barge, allowing it to be placed alongside ocean-going ships at-berth. A crane or boom transfers a duct of the emissions capturing system extending from the emissions control system to the ship to capture exhaust from its engine. Alternatively, the system may be mounted on an automated guided vehicle (AGV) equipped with a tower and a crane. The crane mounted on the AGV then lifts the duct forming part of the emissions capture system to the ship's exhaust system to capture exhaust from the ship's diesel engine and transfers it to the emissions control system, which cleans the exhaust and then passes clean air into the atmosphere through an exhaust outlet. 1. An automated guided vehicle for carrying an emissions control system , the automated guided vehicle having a chassis , a tower mounted on the chassis and a telescopic crane supported by the tower , where the automated guided vehicle and telescopic crane can be controlled remotely.2. The automated guided vehicle of claim 1 , where an emissions control system is mounted on the chassis of the automated guided vehicle.3. The automated guided vehicle of claim 2 , where the automated guided vehicle includes a power source and where the power source is shared by the automated guided vehicle and the emissions control system.4. The automated guided vehicle of claim 2 , where the height of the tower is at least as tall as the height of the emissions control system.5. The automated guided vehicle of claim 2 , where a telescopic duct is attached to the emissions control system and is supported by the crane of the automated guided vehicle.6. The automated guided vehicle of claim 5 , where the crane is capable of extending the telescopic duct to a ship to capture the ship's exhaust. ...

Method for Removing SOx from Gas Using Ethylene Glycol Composite Solution

A method for removing SOx from a gas using an ethylene glycol composite solution is provided. The ethylene glycol composite solution is made by mixing ethylene glycol and/or polyethylene glycol with an organic acid and/or organic acid salt containing no nitrogen atom in a molecule, the ethylene glycol composite solution is brought into contact with the gas containing SOx to absorb the SOx in the gas, wherein x=2 and/or 3. The ethylene glycol composite solution with absorbed SOx is regenerated by one or more of a heating method, a vacuum method, a gas stripping method, an ultrasonication method, a microwave method, and a radiation method to release by-products of sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide, and the regenerated ethylene glycol composite solution is recycled for use. This method can be used for desulfurization of flue gas, burning gas, coke-oven gas, synthesis waste gas from dyestuff plants, sewage gas from chemical fiber plants, and other industrial raw material gases or waste gases containing SOx. 1. A method for removing SOfrom a gas , which comprises: mixing ethylene glycol and/or polyethylene glycol with an organic acid containing no nitrogen atom in a molecule and/or an organic acid salt containing no nitrogen atom in a molecule to form an ethylene glycol composite solution , bringing the ethylene glycol composite solution into contact with the gas containing SOto absorb the SOin the gas , wherein x=2 and/or 3.2. The method for removing SOfrom a gas according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , the organic acid containing no nitrogen atom in a molecule is an organic monoacid and/or organic polyacid containing no nitrogen atom in a molecule; the organic acid salt containing no nitrogen atom in a molecule is an organic monoacid salt and/or organic polyacid salt containing no nitrogen atom in a molecule.3. The method for removing SOfrom a gas according to claim 2 , characterized in that claim 2 , the organic acid containing no nitrogen atom in a ...

Control of wet scrubber oxidation inhibitor and byproduct recovery

The present disclose is directed to a method for controlling iodine levels in wet scrubbers, and, in particular, recirculating wet scrubbers by removing the iodine from the scrubbing solution, such as by using ion exchange, absorption, adsorption, precipitation, filtration, solvent extraction, ion pair extraction, and an aqueous two-phase extraction.

WET SCRUBBER NOZZLE SYSTEM AND METHOD OF USE FOR CLEANING A PROCESS GAS

A wet scrubber () useful for cleaning a process gas (F) comprising at least a first spray level system () and a second spray level system () arranged compactly vertically above the first spray level system () in a wet scrubber tower (). Each spray level system () is equipped with a plurality of atomizing flattened relatively wide spray angle nozzles () for atomizing an absorption liquid (AL) supplied thereto for contact and intermixing with the process gas (F) for removal of environmental pollutants therefrom. 1. A wet scrubber for cleaning a process gas comprising:a wet scrubber tower, at least a first spray level system to which an absorption liquid is supplied for atomization by nozzles comprised in the first spray level system, and a second spray level system which is arranged vertically above the first spray level system in the wet scrubber tower and to which an absorption liquid is supplied for atomization by nozzles comprised in the second spray level system,each spray level system inlet is horizontally offset from the other and arranged within a compact vertical height, andeach nozzle is a flattened wide spray angle nozzle atomizing absorption liquid within interior of wet scrubber tower for environmental pollutant removal from a process gas comprising environmental pollutants passed through wet scrubber tower to produce a cleaned process gas.2. A wet scrubber according to claim 1 , wherein the compact vertical height is approximately 0.3 to 0.5 meter.3. A wet scrubber according to claim 1 , wherein the process gas is passed through wet scrubber tower at an approximate velocity of 5-15 m/s.4. A wet scrubber according to claim 1 , wherein the absorption liquid is a limestone slurry or an alkaline sodium solution.5. A wet scrubber according to claim 1 , wherein the absorption liquid is an ammoniated solution or an amine solution.6. A wet scrubber according to claim 1 , wherein the nozzle spray angle is approximately 150 to 180 degrees.7. A wet scrubber ...

PITCH DESTRUCTION PROCESSES USING THERMAL OXIDATION SYSTEM

Processes for the treatment of waste streams from the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbons containing additives and catalysts are described. At least one of the SHC pitch stream, SDA pitch stream, and the heavy residue stream is sent to a thermal oxidation system. The metals in the SHC and SDA pitch streams and the heavy residue stream are oxidized and can be easily recovered as clean powdered metal oxides which can be reused or sold. The processes produce chemicals which can be recovered and sold. 1. A process for treating effluent streams in a process comprising: [{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'thermally oxidizing the at least one of the pitch stream from the slurry hydrocracking fractionation section, the pitch stream from the solvent deasphalting separation section, and the heavy residue stream in a thermal oxidizing section forming flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, SOx, NOx, and oxidized metal particulate;'}, 'recovering waste heat from the flue gas in a waste heat recovery section;', 'optionally filtering the flue gas in the filtration section to remove the oxidized metal particulate forming a filtered flue gas and a particulate stream comprising the oxidized metal particulate;', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'claim-text': quenching the flue gas or the filtered flue gas to form quenched flue gas after recovering the waste heat; and', {'sub': 3', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '3', '2', '3', '4', '2', '4, 'contacting a caustic solution or an NHbased solution with the quenched flue gas in scrubbing section to form the de-SOx outlet flue gas and a liquid stream comprising at least one of HO, NaSO, NaSO, NaHSO, NaCO, and (NH)SO;'}, 'or', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '3', '4', '3', '3', '2', '3', '4', '3', '2', '3', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '2, 'reacting the flue gas or the filtered flue gas with a reactant in an SOx reaction section to form a reaction section flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, ...

AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR EMISSION INDEXES OF DESULFURIZATION DEVICE OF THERMAL POWER UNIT AND METHOD THEREOF

The present disclosure provides an automatic control system for emission indexes of a desulfurization device of a thermal power unit, which comprises a first controller, a second controller and a flow controller. At the same time, the present disclosure provides an automatic control method for emission indexes of a desulfurization device of a thermal power unit. The present disclosure runs through the production and operation data of waste gas desulfurization treatment facilities, and establishes a pH optimization set value prediction model according to the data, and can realize automatic regulation and control of pH value by optimizing and controlling the pH optimization set value and the slurry flow optimization set value every moment through the dynamic model, thus solving the problem that the pH value control process is large in lag and slow in dynamics, and improving the pH value control quality. 1. An automatic control system for emission indexes of a desulfurization device of a thermal power unit , wherein the desulfurization device of the thermal power unit is provided with an absorption tower and a limestone slurry regulating valve , wherein the automatic control system comprises{'sub': '2', 'a first controller comprising a first input terminal, a first memory, a first output terminal and a first processor; wherein the first processor is configured to receive the SOconcentration at the outlet of the absorption tower through the first input terminal, calculate and obtain the pH optimization set value according to the pH optimization set value prediction model constructed based on GPC algorithm and stored in the first memory, and send the pH optimization set value through the first output terminal;'}a second controller comprising a second input terminal, a third input terminal, a second output terminal and a second processor; wherein the second processor is configured to receive the real-time pH value at the outlet of the absorption tower through the second ...

METHOD FOR DESULPHURIZATING AND DENITRATING FLUE GAS IN INTEGRATED MANNER BASED ON LOW-TEMPERATURE ADSORPTION

Provided is a method for desulphurizating and denitrating a flue gas in an integrated manner based on low-temperature adsorption. The method includes: decreasing a temperature of the flue gas below a room temperature by using a flue gas cooling system; removing moisture in the flue gas by using a dehumidification system; sending the flue gas to a SOand NOadsorbing column system; and simultaneously adsorbing SOand NOof the flue gas with a material of activated coke, activated carbon, a molecular sieve or diatom mud in the SOand NOadsorbing column system to implement an integration of desulphurization and denitration of the flue gas based on the low-temperature adsorption. With the present method, SOand NOof the flue gas can be adsorbed simultaneously in an environment having a temperature below the room temperature. 1. A method for desulphurizating and denitrating a flue gas in an integrated manner based on low-temperature adsorption , comprising:{'b': '1', 'decreasing a temperature of the flue gas below a room temperature by using a flue gas cooling system ();'}removing moisture in the flue gas by using a dehumidification system;{'sub': 2', 'x, 'b': '2', 'sending the flue gas to a SOand NOadsorbing column system (); and'}{'sub': 2', 'x', '2', 'x, 'b': '2', 'simultaneously adsorbing SOand NOof the flue gas with a material of activated coke, activated carbon, a molecular sieve or diatom mud in the SOand NOadsorbing column system () to implement an integration of desulphurization and denitration of the flue gas based on the low-temperature adsorption.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein NO is oxidized to NOby the activated coke claim 1 , the activated carbon claim 1 , the molecular sieve or the diatom mud at a low temperature claim 1 , and NOis adsorbed.31. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the flue gas is decreased to a range of −100° C. to 25° C. by the flue gas cooling system ().4. The method according to claim 1 , further ...

CO2 RECOVERY DEVICE AND RECOVERY METHOD

A COrecovery device includes an advanced desulfurization-cooling column that removes sulfur oxides in an exhaust gas and reduces a temperature of the exhaust gas; a COabsorption column that removes COin the exhaust gas by bringing the COinto contact with a COabsorption liquid; and a regeneration column that recovers the COby causing the COabsorption liquid to release the COwhile regenerating the COabsorption liquid, and feeds the regenerated COabsorption liquid to the COabsorption column, where the advanced desulfurization-cooling column includes a circulating line that supplies and circulates a desulfurization-cooling circulation liquid used in order to conduct desulfurization and cooling from a lower part to an upper part of the advanced desulfurization-cooling column, a deep SOrecovery packed bed, and a first cooler that cools the circulation liquid. 1. A COrecovery device comprising:an advanced desulfurization-cooling column configured to remove sulfur oxides in an exhaust gas and to reduce a temperature of the exhaust gas;{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'a COabsorption column configured to remove COin the exhaust gas by bringing the COinto contact with a COabsorption liquid; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'a regeneration column configured to recover the COby causing the COabsorption liquid to release the COwhile regenerating the COabsorption liquid, and to feed the regenerated COabsorption liquid to the COabsorption column,'} [ a circulating line configured to supply and circulate a desulfurization-cooling circulation liquid used in order to conduct desulfurization and cooling from a lower part to an upper part of the advanced desulfurization-cooling column,', {'sub': 'x', 'a deep SOrecovery packed bed located above a connection position between the circulating line and an upper part of the advanced desulfurization-cooling column, and'}, 'a first cooler configured to cool the circulation liquid, and, 'the advanced desulfurization-cooling column comprises'}, ...

Composition for the Purification of Flue Gas

The invention relates to a composition for the purification of flue gas containing 1 to 99 wt. % of a powder of a sodium salt of carbonic acid and 1 to 99 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material, wherein the powder of an absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm/g. The invention also relates to a process for dry flue gas purification and the use of an absorptive material to improve the flowability and/or storability and/or HF absorptivity of a sodium salt of carbonic acid. 120.-. (canceled)21. A composition for the purification of flue gas , said composition containing , in each case based on the total weight of the composition:a. 13 to 30 wt. % of a powder of a sodium salt of carbonic acid; andb. 70 to 87 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material,{'sup': '3', 'sub': '50', 'wherein said powder of said absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm/g and wherein said absorptive material is an absorbent for sulfur oxides and/or an absorptive material for hydrogen chloride and/or hydrogen fluoride, and wherein said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 50 μm.'}22. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said composition contains 13 to 20 wt. % of said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid claim 21 , based on the total weight of the composition claim 21 , and/or wherein said composition contains 80 to 87 wt. % of said powder of said absorptive material claim 21 , based on the total weight of the composition.23. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 45 μm claim 21 , and/or wherein said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 180 μm.24. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said sodium salt of carbonic acid is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydrogen carbonate claim 21 , sodium ...

NAPHTHA COMPLEX WITH THERMAL OXIDATION SYSTEM

A process for treating effluent streams in a naphtha complex is described. One or more of the sour water stripping unit for the NHT sour water from the NHT, the amine treatment unit and the caustic treatment unit for the NHT stripper off-gas, the caustic scrubber unit or other chloride treatment unit for the off-gas from the C-Cisomerization zone and the Cisomerization zone, and the caustic scrubber unit or other chloride treatment unit for the regenerator off-gas are replaced with a thermal oxidation system. 1. A process for treating off-gas and water effluent streams in a naphtha complex comprising:{'sub': 5', '6', '5', '6', '4', '4, 'claim-text': [{'sub': 5', '6', '4', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'thermally oxidizing the at least one of the NHT stripper off-gas stream, the C-Cisomerization stabilizer off-gas stream, the regenerator off-gas stream, the Cisomerization stabilizer off-gas stream, and the NHT sour water stream in a thermal oxidizing section forming flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, SOx, NOx, HCl, Cl, dioxins, and furans;'}, 'optionally recovering waste heat from the flue gas in a waste heat recovery section;', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'claim-text': quenching the flue gas in a quench section to form quenched flue gas after recovering the waste heat; and', {'sub': 3', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '2', '3', '2', '3', '4', '2', '4', '4, 'contacting a caustic solution or an NHbased solution with the quenched flue gas in scrubbing section to form the de-SOx outlet flue gas and a liquid stream comprising at least one of HO, NaSO, NaSO, NaHSO, NaCO, NaCl, (NH)SO, and NHCl;'}, 'or', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '3', '2', '4', '3', '3', '2', '2', '3', '4', '3', '2', '2', '3', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '2, 'reacting the flue gas with a reactant in an SOx reaction section to form a reaction section flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, NaCl, NaCO, NaSO, NaNO, CaCl, CaSO, CaCO, Ca( ...

PROPANE/BUTANE DEHYDROGENATION COMPLEX WITH THERMAL OXIDATION SYSTEM

A process for the treatment of sulfidic spent caustic, conditioned catalyst regeneration vent gas, C4 isomerization off gas, various and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in addition to toxic containing streams like cyanidic off gas and waste water in a propane/butane dehydrogenation complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including an off-gas knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a spent caustic buffer vessel, an optional a waste water buffer vessel, and a fuel gas knockout drum. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system. 1. An integrated propane or butane dehydrogenation and thermal oxidation and flue gas treatment process , the process comprising:dehydrogenating an alkane feed stream comprising propane, butane, or mixtures thereof in a dehydrogenation reaction zone in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst under dehydrogenation conditions to form a dehydrogenated product stream comprising propylene, iso-butylene, or mixtures thereof;recovering the dehydrogenated product stream; introducing a sulfidic spent caustic stream from a regenerant gas scrubbing zone into a spent caustic buffer vessel;', 'introducing at least one of a spent solvent stream from a solvent recovery section, and a purge stream from a solvent recovery section into a hydrocarbon buffer vessel; and, 'at least one ofthermally oxidizing at least one of a spent caustic stream from the spent caustic buffer vessel, a liquid hydrocarbon stream from the hydrocarbon buffer vessel, an off-gas stream from an off-gas knockout drum, and a fuel gas stream from a fuel gas knockout drum in a thermal oxidation system.2. The process of wherein thermally oxidizing the at least one of the spent caustic stream claim 1 , the liquid hydrocarbon stream claim 1 , the off-gas stream claim 1 , and the fuel gas stream comprises:{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '4', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'b': '0', 'thermally oxidizing ...

CUMENE-PHENOL COMPLEX WITH THERMAL OXIDATION SYSTEM

A process for the treatment of waste water, spent air, and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in the cumene/phenol complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including a spent air knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a fuel gas knockout drum, a phenolic water vessel, and a non-phenolic water vessel. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system. 1. A process for producing phenol comprising:oxidizing a fresh cumene feed stream in an oxidation unit section to form an oxidation product stream comprising cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), dimethylphenylcarbinol (DMPC), and cumene, and at least one of an oxidation waste water stream, an oxidation spent air stream, and a decanter vent stream;concentrating the oxidation product stream in a CHP concentration unit section to form a concentrated CHP stream and a concentration vent gas stream;decomposing the concentrated CHP stream in a decomposition unit section using a decomposition acid to form an acidic crude product stream comprising phenol, acetone, cumene, and AMS;neutralizing the acidic crude product with a neutralization agent in a neutralization unit section to form a neutralized crude product stream;fractionating the neutralized crude product stream in an acetone-phenol fractionation unit section into a fractionation cumene-AMS-phenol stream, and at least one of a fractionation phenolic water stream, a fractionation organic product stream, a fractionation waste water stream, and a fractionation hydrocarbon vent gas stream;separating the fractionation cumene-AMS-phenol stream in a phenol recovery unit section into a cumene-AMS feed stream, and at least one of a recycled sprung phenol stream comprising phenol and cumene, and a phenolic waste water stream;hydrogenating the cumene-AMS feed stream in an AMS hydrogenation unit section to form a MSHP recycled cumene stream; introducing at least one of the fractionation organic product ...

Dibasic acid sensor and method for continuously measuring dibasic acid concentration in a substance

A method is provided for measuring a concentration of dibasic acid in a substance in a gas cleaning process, the method comprising the steps of sending a plurality of voltage pulses through the substance by a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first and second electrodes are in contact with the substance, receiving current responses generated by the plurality of voltage pulses, and analyzing the current responses using a multivariate data analysis for calculation of the concentration of dibasic acid in the substance. Also provided is a dibasic acid sensor, control unit and analysing unit for performing such a method.

COMPOSITION FOR TREATMENT OF FLUE GAS WASTE PRODUCTS

Compositions for the treatment of flue gas desulfurization scrubber effluent may generally comprise, based on weight percent of the composition, at least 50% fly ash, up to 20% calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide, up to 2% plasticizer and a balance of incidental impurities. Methods for the treatment of flue gas desulfurization scrubber effluent using the composition for the treatment of flue gas desulfurization scrubber effluent are also described. 1. A non-Newtonian fluid comprising a composition for the treatment of flue gas desulfurization scrubber effluent and flue gas desulfurization scrubber effluent having greater than 5000 ppm of at least one of dissolved sulfite and dissolved sulfate , wherein the non-Newtonian fluid is characterized by:a liquid-to-solids ratio of about 1:4 to 4:5;a viscosity from about 1,000 cP to about 100,000,000 cP;{'sup': '3', 'a specific gravity of less than about 2 g/cm;'}{'sup': '−5', 'a permeability less than 10cm/s; and'}a compressive strength of at least 700 psf when cured to be self-supporting.2. The non-Newtonian fluid of claim 1 , wherein the liquid-to-solids ratio is from 1:2 to 7:10.3. The non-Newtonian fluid of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity is from 10 claim 1 ,000 cP to 10 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000 cP.4. The non-Newtonian fluid of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity is from 25 claim 1 ,000 cP to 500 claim 1 ,000 cP.5. The non-Newtonian fluid of claim 1 , wherein the specific gravity is from 1 g/cmto 2 g/cm.6. The non-Newtonian fluid of claim 1 , wherein the specific gravity is from 1.1 g/cmto 1.5 g/cm.7. The non-Newtonian fluid of claim 1 , wherein the permeability is from 10cm/s to 10cm/s.8. The non-Newtonian fluid of claim 1 , wherein the compressive strength is at least 10 claim 1 ,000 psf when cured to be self-supporting.9. The non-Newtonian fluid of comprising flue gas desulfurization scrubber effluent and having a ratio of the composition to the flue gas desulfurization scrubber effluent from 1:100 to 3:1.10. The non ...

Device and method for purifying sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in flue gas

The invention is a device and method for purifying sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in flue gas with an electrolysis-chemical advanced oxidation enhanced ammonia method. The device includes a thermal activation reactor, ammonium hydroxide storage tank, absorption tower, electrolytic bath and crystallization separator. The method takes raw material part of an ammonium sulfate solution that is a reaction product of ammonia and sulfur oxide in flue gas, and an ammonium persulfate solution prepared by electrolysis of an electrolytic bath as an oxidant to enhance the efficiency of purifying sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the flue gas with an ammonia method. A thermal activation reactor activates an ammonium persulfate containing solution to generate a strong oxidizing SO4⋅ − , so that NO x and SO 2 in the flue gas may be more efficiently converted into a product having higher solubleness for enhanced removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the flue gas.

Acid gas treatment

Apparatus and methods for treating acid gas, which utilizes multi-stage absorption cycle of ammonia desulfurization to treat acid tail gas after pre-treatment of the acid gas, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and low-cost treatment of acid tail gas. The parameters of the acid tail gas may be adjusted by a regulatory system such that the enthalpy value of the acid tail gas is in the range of 60-850 kJ/kg dry gas, for example, 80-680 kJ/kg dry gas or 100-450 kJ/kg dry gas, to meet the requirements of ammonia desulfurization, and achieve the synergy between the acid gas pre-treatment and ammonia desulfurization. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide may be converted into sulfur/sulfuric acid plus ammonium sulfate at an adjustable ratio.

Process and plant for producing cement clinker and for purifying the offgases formed

The invention relates to a process and a plant for producing cement clinker and for purifying the off-gases formed thereby, wherein cement raw meal is preheated in a preheater by means of hot off-gases and then optionally precalcined, the preheated and optionally precalcined cement raw meal is burnt in a rotary kiln to form cement clinker, the cement clinker is cooled in a cooler, the hot off-gases used in the preheater are used in a raw mill for treating the cement raw meal, the dust content of a dust-containing mill off-gas thereby formed is reduced in a separating device to less than 5 g/Nm 3 , preferably less than 1 g/Nm 3 , alkali hydrogen carbonate and/or alkali carbonate is added to and mixed with the mill off-gas whose dust content has been reduced to less than 5 g/Nm 3 , and the mixed gas thereby formed is subsequently fed to a process filter for separation of dust laden with pollutants.

Sodium bicarbonate product with excellent flowability and its method of manufacture

A particulate sodium bicarbonate product with an excellent flowability characterized by an angle of repose less than 30 degrees. An angle of repose of less than 27.5 is particularly good. The product is preferably in the form of ovoid or spherical particles, in that the particles have a mean axial ratio of at least 0.5. In some embodiments, the sodium bicarbonate product has a smooth particle surface in which less than 75% of the particle surface is covered with spikes. The particles may have a mean diameter D 50 of at least 75 microns but less than 300 microns. The particulate sodium bicarbonate product comprises inorganic and organic impurities embedded in its polycrystalline structure, for example at least 75 ppm TOC; or at least 30 ppm Ca; or from 1 to 18 ppm Mg; or more than 0.6 g/kg NaCl; and/or from 100 to less than 500 ppm Si. A process for manufacturing such product, and its use for the treatment of pollutants in gases such as removal of acid gas.

SLURRY CONTROL SYSTEM

A system for regulating an amount of fresh lime slurry introduced to a spray dry absorber. The control system includes a controller configured to receive input from a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS), a valve in communication with the controller and a spray dry absorber suction pump, the valve adapted to regulate an amount of fresh lime slurry provided to the spray dry absorber suction pump and a valve in communication with the controller and a pre-mix tank, the valve adapted to regulate an amount of fresh lime slurry provided to the pre-mix tank. 1. A method for controlling an amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to an SDA , the method comprising:{'sub': 'x', 'measuring an SOconcentration of a flue gas stream in a flue gas processing system;'}{'sub': 'x', 'supplying the SOconcentration to a controller;'}{'sub': x', 'x, 'comparing the measured SOconcentration to an SOconcentration set point; and'}{'sub': x', 'x, 'regulating an amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to a pre-mix tank based on the comparison of the measured SOconcentration to the SOconcentration set point thereby controlling the amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to an SDA.'}2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein when the measured SOconcentration is greater than the SOconcentration set point claim 1 , regulating the amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to the pre-mix tank includes increasing the amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to the pre-mix tank.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein when the measured SOconcentration is less than the SOconcentration set point claim 1 , regulating the amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to the pre-mix tank includes decreasing the amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to the pre-mix tank.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein when the measured SOconcentration is less than the SOconcentration set point claim 1 , regulating the amount of fresh lime slurry supplied to the pre-mix tank includes maintaining the amount of fresh lime slurry ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING ACIDIC TAIL GAS BY USING AMMONIA PROCESS FLUE GAS

A flue gas-treating method for treating acid tail gas by using an ammonia process, comprising the following steps of: 1) controlling the concentration of sulfur dioxide in an acid tail gas entering an absorber to be ≦30,000 mg/Nm; 2) spraying and cooling with a process water or/and an ammonium sulfate solution in the inlet duct of the absorber or inside the absorber; 3) providing an oxidation section in the absorber, wherein the oxidation section is provided with oxidation distributors for oxidizing the desulfurization absorption solution; 4) providing an absorption section in the absorber wherein the absorption section achieves desulfurization spray absorption by using absorption solution distributors via an absorption solution containing ammonia; the absorption solution containing ammonia is supplied by an ammonia storage tank; 5) providing a water washing layer above the absorption section in the absorber, wherein the water washing layer washes the absorption solution in the tail gas to reduce the slip of the absorption solution; 6) providing a demister above the water washing layer inside the absorber to control the concentration of mist droplets contained in the cleaned tail gas. In the coal chemical industry, the integration of the Claus sulfur recovery process and the ammonia desulfurization technology can reduce the investment of the post-treatment and simplify the operation process, and provide intensive advantages to the environmental control of plants. 1. A flue gas-treating method for treating acid tail gas by using an ammonia process , characterized in that , comprising the following steps of:1) according to the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the tail gas, adding air into the raw tail gas to make the concentration of sulfur dioxide reach a suitable absorbing condition; the concentration of sulfur dioxide to be introduced into the absorber is ≦30,000 mg/Nm3;2) setting process water spray cooling and/or ammonium sulfate solution spray cooling in the ...

GRANULAR MATERIAL FOR ABSORPTION OF HARMFUL GASES AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF

A granular sorption material including a plurality of porous granules formed by buildup agglomeration for separation, especially absorption, of harmful gases, especially of SOand/or HCl, from offgases of thermal processes. The granules containing greater than 80% by weight, and preferably greater than 95% by weight, of Ca(OH)and/or CaCObased on the dry mass. The granules having a dry apparent density ρ, determined by means of an apparent density pycnometer, of 0.5 to 1.2 kg/dm, preferably 0.7 to 1.1 kg/dm, and/or a porosity of 45% to 73% by volume, preferably 55% to 65% by volume, and have especially been increased in porosity. A process for producing the granular sorption material, in which pores are introduced into the granules by means of a porosity agent during the production. 1. A granular sorption material comprising a plurality of buildup-agglomerated , porous granules for separation of harmful gases from offgases of thermal processes , the granules containing greater than 80% by weight of Ca(OH)2 and/or CaCO3 based on the dry mass , the granules having a dry apparent density ρ , determined by means of an apparent density pycnometer , of 0.5 to 1.2 kg/dm3 and have been increased in porosity.2. A granular sorption material comprising a plurality of buildup-agglomerated , porous granules for separation of harmful gases from offgases of thermal processes , the granules containing greater than 80% by weight of Ca(OH)2 and/or CaCO3 based on the dry mass , the granules having a porosity , determined from a dry apparent density ρ , determined by means of an apparent density pycnometer , and a specific density ρ0 , determined with a helium pycnometer , of 45 to 73 vol. %.3. The granular sorption material claim 1 , according to claim 1 , wherein the granules have an open pore system with pores created by means of a porosity agent during the production of the granular sorption material.4. The granular sorption material according to claim 3 , wherein the open pore ...

SULFUR ENHANCED NITROGEN PRODUCTION FROM EMISSION SCRUBBING

A fertilizer product is produced by a method of removing sulfur from flue gas. The method includes: introducing a flue gas stream to a wet scrubber; contacting the flue gas stream with a liquid nitrogen reagent in the wet scrubber that deposits in a bottom portion of the wet scrubber as a liquid fraction and possibly contacting the liquid fraction from the wet scrubber with an oxidizing gas; discharging reacted liquid nitrogen product from the wet scrubber that contains sulfur removed from the flue gas stream and that comprises a nitrogen and sulfur enriched fertilizer solution; and discharging flue gas exhaust from the wet scrubber. 1. A method of removing sulfur from flue gas , the method comprising:introducing a flue gas stream to a wet scrubber;contacting the flue gas stream with a liquid nitrogen reagent in the wet scrubber that deposits in a bottom portion of the wet scrubber as a liquid fraction;(contacting the liquid fraction from the wet scrubber with an oxidizing gas;circulating liquid nitrogen reagent via sprayers in the wet scrubber to contact the flue gas stream;)discharging reacted liquid nitrogen product from the wet scrubber that contains sulfur removed from the flue gas stream and that comprises a nitrogen and sulfur enriched fertilizer solution; anddischarging flue gas exhaust from the wet scrubber.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid nitrogen reagent comprises a urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution ((NH)2CO+NHNO+HO) and the reacted liquid nitrogen product comprises (NH)2CO+NHNO+HO+SOAqua.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid nitrogen reagent comprises an ammonia reagent (NH+HO) solution and the reacted liquid nitrogen product comprises NH3+H2O+SOAqua.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid nitrogen reagent comprises a calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution ((NH)2CO+NHNO+H2O+CaCOAqua) and the reacted liquid nitrogen product comprises (NH)2CO+NHNO+HO+CaSO(oxidized).5. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FERTILIZER FROM THE EXHAUST GASES OF A PRODUCTION SYSTEM

A device and a method produces fertilizer from the exhaust gases of a production system, for example a system for producing cement. The exhaust gases are completely converted such that the exhaust gases are not released into the environment. For this purpose, the exhaust gases are introduced directly into the device from the production system. Exhaust gases such as NOand/or SOare first oxidized in the device and then reprocessed into NHNOor (NH)SO. COis reprocessed into NHHCOin the device while nitrogen is converted into ammonia, and the ammonium, among others, is used to produce NHHCOfrom CO. 121-. (canceled)22: Apparatus for the production of fertilizers from exhaust gases of a production system , wherein{'b': 1', '4', '2', '3', '2', '4, 'sub': 2', '2', 'x', '2, 'the apparatus () has a first container (), which is connected with the production system () by way of a first line (), wherein an exhaust gas from the production system () can be introduced into the first container (), wherein the exhaust gas contains CO, Nas well as NOand/or SO;'}{'b': '4', 'sub': 2', '2', 'x', '2, 'in the first container (), N, and COcan be separated from NOand/or SO,'}{'b': 4', '6', '5', '6', '5, 'sub': 2', '2, 'the first container () is connected with a second container () by way of a second line (), wherein COand Ncan be transferred to the second container () by way of the second line (), and'}{'sub': 3', '3', '2, 'b': 6', '15', '6', '12', '11', '12, 'a solution containing NHcan be introduced into the second container () by way of a third line (), wherein the temperature in the second container () can be adjusted in such a manner that NHand COreact in the solution to form ammonium hydrogen carbonate, wherein the solution containing ammonium hydrogen carbonate can be transferred to a crystallization apparatus () by way of a fourth line (), and wherein ammonium hydrogen carbonate can be crystallized out in this crystallization apparatus ().'}234: Apparatus according to claim 22 , ...

REMOVAL OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS FROM GAS, RELATED APPARATUSES, PROCESSES AND USES THEREOF

One aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising a single-stage conversion of an atmospheric pollutant, such as NO, NOand/or SOin a first stream to one or more mineral acids and/or salts thereof by reacting with nonionic gas phase chlorine dioxide (ClO), wherein the reaction is carried out in the gas phase. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising first adjusting the atmospheric pollutant concentrations in a first stream to a molar ratio of about 1:1, and then reacting with an aqueous metal hydroxide solution (MOH). Another aspect of the invention relates to an apparatus that can be used to carry out the methods disclosed herein. The methods disclosed herein are unexpectedly efficient and cost effective, and can be applied to a stream comprising high concentration and large volume of atmospheric pollutants. 1. A method comprising:{'sub': x', 'x', 'x', 'x, 'contacting a first stream comprising nitrogen oxides (NO), sulfur oxides (SO), and combinations thereof with a second stream to convert the NOand/or SOin the first stream to one or more reactants comprising a different compound, molecule or atom;'}wherein the second stream comprises chlorine dioxide.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step of contacting takes place within a reaction vessel claim 1 , and wherein the velocity of the first stream in the reaction vessel is less than about 10 claim 1 ,000 feet per minute.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first stream is agitated before or during the contact with the second stream.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the chlorine dioxide in the second stream is about 8 claim 1 ,000 ppmV or lower.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chlorine dioxide comprises gas phase non-ionic chlorine dioxide (ClO).6. (canceled)7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of contacting takes place in a reaction vessel claim 1 , the method further comprising:using one or more sensors to monitor the one or more reactants for ...

MOLTEN HYDROXIDE MEMBRANE FOR SEPARATION OF ACID GASES FROM EMISSIONS

In one embodiment, a method for separating acidic gases from a gas mixture includes exposing the gas mixture to a separation membrane at an elevated temperature, where the separation membrane includes a porous support and at least one molten alkali metal hydroxide disposed within pores of the porous support. 1. A method for separating acidic gases from a gas mixture , the method comprising:exposing the gas mixture to a separation membrane at an elevated temperature, wherein the separation membrane comprises a porous support and at least one molten alkali metal hydroxide disposed within pores of the porous support.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , comprising reversibly solvating the acidic gases in the at least one molten alkali metal hydroxide at an inlet of the separation membrane.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , comprising releasing solvated ions from an outlet of the separation membrane claim 1 , the solvated ions being anionic forms of the acidic gases.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , comprising applying a potential across the separation membrane.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , comprising applying an alternating current (A/C) across the separation membrane.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , comprising applying a pressure gradient across the separation membrane claim 1 , wherein the pressure gradient is in a range from about 0 atmospheres to about 20 atmospheres.7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the elevated temperature is in a range from about 200 C to about 700 C.8. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the acidic gases are gases having a formula selected from a group consisting of: CO claim 1 , NOand SO claim 1 , wherein x is a value in a range from 1-2 claim 1 , y is a value in a range from 1-3 claim 1 , and z is a value in a range from 1-4.9. The method as recited in claim 1 , comprising exposing the separation membrane to a sweep gas on a side of the separation membrane opposite a side to which the gas mixture is ...

MOLTEN HYDROXIDE MEMBRANE FOR SEPARATION OF ACID GASES FROM EMISSIONS

In one embodiment, a separation membrane includes: a porous support structure, wherein the porous support structure comprises a system of continuous pores connecting an inlet of the separation membrane to an outlet of the separation membrane; and at least one alkali metal hydroxide disposed within pores of the porous support structure. Other aspects and embodiments of the disclosed inventive concepts will become apparent from the detailed description, which, when taken in conjunction with the drawings, illustrate by way of example the principles of the invention. 1. A separation membrane , comprising:a porous support structure, wherein the porous support structure comprises a system of continuous pores connecting an inlet of the separation membrane to an outlet of the separation membrane; andat least one alkali metal hydroxide disposed within pores of the porous support structure.2. The separation membrane as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one alkali metal hydroxide is selected from a group consisting of lithium hydroxide claim 1 , sodium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , rubidium hydroxide claim 1 , and cesium hydroxide.3. The separation membrane as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one alkali metal hydroxide comprises a mixture of at least two alkali metal hydroxides selected from a group consisting of: lithium hydroxide claim 1 , sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.4. The separation membrane as recited in claim 3 , the mixture comprising at least three alkali metal hydroxides.5. The separation membrane as recited in claim 1 , wherein the porous support structure comprises a material selected from a group consisting of: inconel 600 claim 1 , grade 316 stainless steel claim 1 , grade 304 stainless steel claim 1 , an alkaline earth oxide claim 1 , yttrium doped zirconium oxide claim 1 , cerium oxide claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , aluminum oxide claim 1 , calcium carbonate and silicon carbide.6. The separation membrane as ...

GAS STREAM MULTI-POLLUTANTS CONTROL SYSTEMS AND METHODS

In some embodiments, the invention provides systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components of waste gas streams, comprising contacting the waste gas stream with an aqueous solution, removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components from the waste gas stream, and containing the carbon dioxide and/or additional components, in one form or another, in a composition. In some embodiments, the composition is a precipitation material comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or carbonates and bicarbonates. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises carbonate and/or bicarbonate co-products resulting from co-processing SOx, NOx, particulate matter, and/or certain metals. Additional waste streams such as liquid, solid, or multiphasic waste streams may be processed as well. 1114-. (canceled)115. A method of treating an industrial waste gas , comprisingcontacting an industrial waste gas comprising carbon dioxide and at least one other component selected from the group consisting of NOx, SOx, metal, organic, particulate matter, and a combination thereof with a waste stream from an industrial process comprising divalent cations and hydroxide ions to form a precipitation material comprising metastable carbonate selected from vaterite, aragonite, and a combination thereof and the at least one other component wherein the at least one other component is precipitated, trapped, adsorbed, or a combination thereof; andcombining the precipitation material with water to convert the metastable carbonate into stable carbonate.1161. The method of claim , wherein the waste stream from the industrial process is a liquid , solid , or combination thereof.1171. The method of claim , wherein the waste stream is mining waste , ash , slag , cement kiln waste , oil refinery/petrochemical refinery waste , coal seam waste , paper processing waste , water softening waste brine , silicon processing waste , agricultural waste , metal finishing waste , high pH textile ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE CAPTURE OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM THE GASES OF ELECTROLYSIS TANKS BY A SET OF FILTERING MODULES

Disclosed is a method and a device for capturing the SOpresent in gases by igneous electrolysis implemented on a group of at least two filtering modules traversed in parallel by the gas flow to be purified, and supplied with a powder material sorbent capable of adsorbing effluents in the gas flow by bringing the sorbent into contact with the gas flow, each filtering module having a unit for collecting the sorbent after it has been brought into contact with the gas flow, in the filtering module, and a unit for discharging the sorbent collected being contact with the gas flow to a unit for injecting same into at least one other of the filtering modules of the at least one series, except for the last filtering module of each series, and, on exiting the last filtering module or modules, the gas flow is sent to a desulfurization unit. 19-. (canceled)10. A process for capturing the SOpresent in gases to be purified , which originate from cells for an industrial production of aluminium by fused-salt electrolysis , implemented over a group of at least two filtering modules passed through in parallel by a stream of said gases to be purified , said filtering modules being fed from a storage means , at least partially in at least one series , with a sorption agent of a pulverulent material type , capable of adsorbing effluents present in said gas stream by bringing said sorption agent into contact with said gas stream , each filtering module of said group having means for collecting said sorption agent after bringing said sorption agent into contact with said gas stream in said filtering module , and having means for discharging said sorption agent collected after said bringing into contact with said gas stream towards means for injection into at least one other of said filtering modules of said at least one series , except for a final filtering module of each series , in an order of feeding of said filtering modules with sorption agent from said storage means , wherein a gas ...

HARMONIC BALANCER FOR SPRAY DRYER ABSORBER ATOMIZER

A fluid type, gel/wax/paraffin type, or mechanical type harmonic balancer for built-in or retrofit use with an atomizer of a SDA flue gas desulfurization system for reduced atomizer vibration within or outside of the atomizer's harmonic range is provided herein. Also provided, is a method of using the built-in or retrofit harmonic balancer with an atomizer of a SDA flue gas desulfurization system to decrease atomizer vibration within or outside the atomizer's harmonic range, to increase atomizer on-line service hours, decrease atomizer maintenance requirements, and to decrease atomizer associated costs. 1. A spray dryer absorber atomizer with a balancer comprising:a distributor housing operable to distribute an absorbent liquid or slurry within a spray dryer absorber vessel; andan atomizer disk removably attached to the distributor housing comprising an annular channel;at least two ports fluidly connected to the annular channel; anda substance, member, or combination with non-Newtonian characteristics partially filling the annular channel.2. The atomizer of claim 1 , wherein each of the at least two ports are sealed by screws threadedly engaged therein.3. The atomizer of claim 1 , wherein the substance is selected from the group consisting of natural oil claim 1 , synthetic oil claim 1 , high viscosity silicone claim 1 , gel claim 1 , wax claim 1 , paraffin and combinations thereof.4. The atomizer of claim 1 , wherein the member is ball bearings.5. The atomizer of claim 1 , wherein the substance claim 1 , member claim 1 , or combination is stable at a temperature of 200° F. to 900° F.6. The atomizer of claim 1 , wherein the substance is a high viscosity silicone stable at a temperature of 300° F. to 400° F.7. The atomizer of claim 1 , wherein the annular channel and at least two ports are machined or formed within the atomizer disk.8. The atomizer of claim 1 , wherein the annular channel and at least two ports are machined or formed within a component removably ...

A SELF-POWERED TIME SHARING REACTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ORGANIC MATERIALS PYROLYSIS AND COMBUSTION

The present invention relates to a self-powered time sharing reaction system and method for organic materials pyrolysis and combustion. The system comprises a time sharing reactor for pyrolysis and combustion, a feeder, a recovery apparatus for pyrolysis volatility products and a flue gas purifier. The whole process mainly consists of two time sharing stages of pyrolysis and combustion: organic materials are sent into the time sharing reactor for pyrolysis and combustion, and solid thermal carrier rapidly heats the organic materials and the pyrolysis reaction takes place. The produced pyrolysis volatility products enter the recovery apparatus for the recycling of the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; when the pyrolysis reaction is over, fill air into the time sharing reactor for pyrolysis and combustion to combust with the rest of the pyrolysis volatility products and the pyrolysis residue in the reactor. The heat produced during the combustion heats the solid thermal carrier, the flue gas is released after being purified, the heated solid thermal carrier is left in the time sharing reactor for pyrolysis and combustion to provide energy for the next organic materials pyrolysis. The process is thus repeated. The system has the advantages of cascade utilization of energy, short time of pyrolysis reaction and high efficiency of heat transfer. 1. A self-powered time sharing reaction system for organic materials pyrolysis and combustion comprises a feeder , a time sharing reactor for pyrolysis and combustion , a recovery apparatus for pyrolysis volatility products and a flue gas purifier;The feeder comprises a low viscosity organic materials feeder and a high viscosity organic materials feeder;There are two time sharing reaction stages of pyrolysis and combustion in the time sharing reactor for pyrolysis and combustion; The time sharing reactor for pyrolysis and combustion comprises a solid thermal carrier, the solid thermal carrier comprises an inner air duct inside and ...

COMPLEXATION AND REMOVAL OF MERCURY FROM FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION SYSTEMS

A method for the reduction and prevention of mercury emissions into the environment from combusted fossil fuels or other off-gases with the use of peracetic acid is disclosed. The peracetic acid is used for the capture of mercury from the resulting flue gases using a flue gas desulfurization system or scrubber. The method uses peracetic acid in conjunction with a scrubber to capture mercury and lower its emission and/or re-emission with stack gases. The method allows the use of coal as a cleaner and environmentally friendlier fuel source as well as capturing mercury from other processing systems. 1. A method for reducing mercury emissions , comprising:providing a gas stream comprising mercury; andpassing the gas stream into a scrubber comprising a scrubber liquor and peracetic acid, wherein the peracetic acid is mixed with a carrying agent selected from the group consisting of a lime slurry, a sodium-based alkali solution, a trona-based solution, a sodium carbonate solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, water, and any combination thereof.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrying agent is water.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mixing acetic acid and an oxidant to form the peracetic acid.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the oxidant is selected from hydrogen peroxide claim 5 , sodium hypochlorite and mixtures of the same.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mercury is from combusted coal.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scrubber is a wet scrubber selected from a spray tower system claim 1 , a jet bubbler system claim 1 , and a co-current packed tower system.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peracetic acid is added to the liquor and then added to the scrubber.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peracetic acid is added to the scrubber containing the liquor.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peracetic acid is added to a virgin liquor ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING CARBON DIOXIDE, AND FUEL GAS DESULFURIZATION FACILITY

Provided are an absorbing column in which flue gas containing sulfur oxides is desulfurized by seawater and a reactor vessel in which alkali earth metal or alkali metal is added to the seawater having absorbed the sulfur oxides from the flue gas in the absorbing column to produce a compound which is stable like minerals. 1. A method for fixing carbon dioxide comprisinga seawater desulfurizing step of desulfurizing flue gas containing sulfur oxides by seawater andan addition step of adding an element selected from a group consisting of alkali earth metal and alkali metal to the seawater having absorbed the sulfur oxides from the flue gas in said seawater desulfurizing step to produce a compound.2. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a recovery step of recovering the compound produced by said addition step.3. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said alkali earth metal is an element selected from a group consisting of calcium and magnesium.4. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said alkali earth metal is an element selected from a group consisting of calcium and magnesium.5. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said alkali metal is an element selected from a group consisting of lithium claim 1 , sodium and potassium.6. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said alkali metal is an element selected from a group consisting of lithium claim 2 , sodium and potassium.7. An apparatus for fixing carbon dioxide comprisingan absorbing column in which flue gas containing sulfur oxides is desulfurized by seawater anda reactor vessel in which an element selected from a group consisting of alkali earth metal and alkali metal is added to the seawater having absorbed the sulfur oxides from the flue gas in said absorbing column to produce a compound.8. The apparatus for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in further ...