КОНВЕРСИЯ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ ИСКОПАЕМЫХ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ И МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ РАДИОЧАСТОТНОЙ ИЛИ МИКРОВОЛНОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ

Изобретение относится к способу непрерывной мгновенной конверсии смеси тяжелых ископаемых углеводородов (ТИУ), включающей одно или более из битума, угля любого вида, нефтяных песков, горючих сланцев, нефтяных смол, асфальтенов и предасфальтенов, а также любых других керогенсодержащих материалов. Способ содержит: протекание непрерывно подаваемого сырья, содержащего упомянутую смесь ТИУ и технологический газ, через зону реакции, имеющую давление более чем 0,9 атм; диспергирование упомянутой смеси ТИУ и катализатора перегонки ТИУ в жидкости в технологическом газе и контактирование упомянутой смеси ТИУ и катализатора по меньшей мере в зоне реакции; концентрирование микроволновой или радиочастотной (РЧ) энергии в зоне реакции с использованием источника микроволновой или РЧ энергии; и генерирование диэлектрических разрядов в зоне реакции. При этом упомянутая смесь ТИУ и катализатор имеют время пребывания в зоне реакции менее чем 30 секунд. Также изобретение относится к двум вариантам системы ...

УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНИЛЬНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ПУТЕМ КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕГИДРАТАЦИИ ГАЗООБРАЗНОГО ФОРМАМИДА ПРИ ПРЯМОМ НАГРЕВАНИИ

Изобретение может быть использовано в химической и металлургической промышленности. Способ получения синильной кислоты посредством каталитической дегидратации газообразного формамида включает комбинацию реакции каталитической дегидратации с экзотермической реакцией. Экзотермической реакцией является каталитическое сжигание горючих газов при подаче кислорода. Для дегидратации используют реактор, который обладает двумя отделенными друг от друга общей стенкой жидкостными протоками, один из которых предназначен для дегидратации формамида, а второй - для осуществления экзотермической реакции. Реактор выполнен в виде трубчатого реактора, который состоит из двух расположенных друг над другом параллельных слоев A и B. Каждый слой представляет собой пластину, структурированную реакционными каналами. В слое A осуществляют каталитическую дегидратацию, а в слое B - экзотермическую реакцию. Изобретение позволяет получать синильную кислоту с высокой степенью конверсии и селективностью в реакторах компактного ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИЗВОДНОГО ОКИСИ ОЛЕФИНА И РЕАКТОР, ПРИГОДНЫЙ ДЛЯ ТАКОГО СПОСОБА

... 1. Способ получения 1,2-диола, при этом способ включает ! взаимодействие сырья, содержащего олефин и кислород в присутствии катализатора эпоксидирования, находящегося в первом отделе одного или более рабочих микроканалов микроканального реактора с образованием окиси олефина, ! превращение окиси олефина с помощью диоксида углерода с образованием 1,2-карбоната во втором отделе одного или более рабочих микроканалов, расположенном ниже первого отдела, и ! превращение 1,2-карбоната с помощью воды или спирта с образованием 1,2-диола в третьем отделе одного или более рабочих микроканалов, расположенном ниже второго отдела. ! 2. Способ по п.1, где катализатор эпоксидирования включает металл 11 группы в количестве от 50 до 500 г/кг относительно массы катализатора. ! 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, где катализатор эпоксидирования содержит серебро, нанесенное на материал носителя. ! 4. Способ по п.3, где катализатор содержит, в качестве промотора(ов), один или более элементов, выбранных из рения, вольфрама ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ОКИСИ ОЛЕФИНА ИЛИ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИЗВОДНОГО ОКИСИ ОЛЕФИНА И РЕАКТОР, ПРИГОДНЫЙ ДЛЯ ТАКОГО СПОСОБА

... 1. Способ эпоксидирования олефина, при этом способ включает ! взаимодействие сырья, содержащего олефин и кислород, в присутствии катализатора эпоксидирования, находящегося в первом отделе одного или более рабочих микроканалов микроканального реактора с образованием посредством этого смеси, включающей окись олефина, и ! быстрое охлаждение окиси олефина во втором отделе одного или более рабочих микроканалов, находящемся ниже первого отдела, посредством теплообмена с теплообменной жидкостью. ! 2. Способ по п.1, где катализатор эпоксидирования включает металл 11 группы в количестве от 50 до 500 г/кг относительно массы катализатора. ! 3. Способ по п.1, где катализатор эпоксидирования содержит серебро, нанесенное на материал носителя. ! 4. Способ по п.3, где катализатор содержит в качестве промотирующего компонента(ов) один или более элементов, выбранных из рения, вольфрама, молибдена, хрома и их смесей, и, кроме того, один или более щелочных металлов, выбранных из лития, калия и цезия. ! 5.

УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНИЛЬНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕГИДРАТАЦИИ ГАЗООБРАЗНОГО ФОРМАМИДА

... 1. Способ получения синильной кислоты, включающий в себя: ! i) приготовление газообразного формамида посредством испарения жидкого формамида в испарителе; и ! ii) каталитическую дегидратацию газообразного формамида, ! причем на стадии i) длительность обработки формамида в испарителе составляет <20 с, в расчете на жидкий формамид, ! отличающийся тем, что в качестве испарителя на стадии i) применяют микроструктурированный аппарат. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что испарение на стадии i) проводят при абсолютном давлении от 400 мбар до 4 бар. ! 3. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что испарение на стадии i) проводят при температуре от 185°С до 265°С. ! 4. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что микроиспаритель имеет каналы для введения формамида с гидравлическим диаметром от 5 до 4000 мкм. ! 5. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что микроиспаритель имеет удельную по объему испарительную производительность от 100 до 2000 мВт/м3. ! 6. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что каталитическую дегидратацию ...

Thin reformer for fuel cell, comprises substrate in which a flow path is formed, fuel-filling section for filling the flow path with the fuel, reformer section, carbon monoxide-remover and cover to cover the substrates upper section

The thin reformer for fuel cell comprises, substrate (10) in which a flow path is formed, fuel-filling section for filling the flow path with fuel, a reformer section (40), a carbon monoxide (CO)-remover and a cover for covering an upper section of the substrate and sealing the flow path to exterior, and an evaporator for the liquid fuel. The reformer section is intended for forming a flow path on a side of the fuel filling section in the substrate, in order to reform the fuel in hydrogen gas by heat-absorbing reaction. The thin reformer for fuel cell comprises, substrate (10) in which a flow path is formed, fuel-filling section for filling the flow path with fuel, a reformer section (40), a carbon monoxide (CO)-remover and a cover for covering an upper section of the substrate and sealing the flow path to exterior. The reformer section is intended for forming a flow path on a side of the fuel filling section in the substrate, in order to reform the fuel in hydrogen gas by heat-absorbing ...

VERFAHREN ZUR DURCHFÜRUNG EINER CHEMISCHEN REAKTION

Micro-reactor, for small scale chemical synthesis, has lower plate with reactor chambers having passages via closure to parallel top plate

A micro-reactor for chemical reactions has two parallel plates (1, 2) fixed to each other. One plate (1) has a number of reaction chambers (3) with closures and seals, feed and discharge tubes (12, 13, 14). Lower plate (1) chamber (3) apertures (6) are aligned with closures (7) to the top plate (2). Each closure has one end which may be inserted separately with a seal (11) in the other plate (2). The seal is an O-ring seal which engages in a circular groove (10) in the closure free end. The feed and product discharge tubes and the process monitoring systems are axial passages within the closures. The plate (1) having the reactor chambers is secured within a precisely-fitting U-shaped frame (4). The upper plate (2) with closures is attached by screws to the frame.

A process for the preparation of a chemical derivable from an olefin oxide, and a reactor suitable for such a process

A process for the preparation of an olefin oxide or a chemical derivable from an olefin oxide

Scalable chemical reactor and method of operation thereof

Photochemical reactor

A modular flow reactor

Reactions of aromatic compounds

Flow reactor and method of conducting flow reactions

Flow reactor and method of conducting flow reactions

A continuous flow reactor for the reaction of one liquid reagent with another liquid reagent. The reactor has an inner tube, the inner tube defining a first flow path 130 along at least part of the length of the inner tube 102; an outer tube 104, the outer tube enclosing at least a section of the inner tube along its length, so that a second flow path 132 is defined by the space between the outer tube and the inner tube along the length of the tubes; and the inner tube having a plurality of holes (142, fig 6c) through the thickness of the inner tube, the holes being spaced longitudinally along the section of the inner tube enclosed by the outer tube. Flow reactors according to the invention are particularly suited for liquid-liquid reactions and may involve at least one highly reactive reagent. A method of performing flow reactions is also provided.

Improved method for the production of hydrocyanic acid by means of catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide

Heavy fossil hydrocarbon conversion and upgrading using radiofrequency or mirowave energy

Improved method for the production of hydrocyanic acid by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide

Improved method for producing hydrogen cyanide through catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide-direct heating.

Improved method for producing hydrogen cyanide through catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide-direct heating.

Improved method for the production of hydrocyanic acid by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide

Improved method for the production of hydrocyanic acid by means of catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide

DISK ARCHITECTURE FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS ON BASIS OF MICRO COMPONENTS

SYSTEM FOR THE TRANSPORT OF MICROSCOPIC LIQUID QUANTITIES

MIXER SYSTEM, REACTOR AND REACTOR SYSTEM

CARRIER FOR MICRO FLUID SYSTEM AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR IT

FLUID MIXTURE AND REACTION PROCEDURE WITH USE OF A MICRO DEVICE, AND MICRO DEVICE

CARRIER UNIT FOR A MICRO-FLUID SYSTEM

CARRIER UNIT FOR A MICRO-FLUID SYSTEM

DEVICE FOR CHEMICAL MIXING AND REACTION

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OLIGOMEREN AND ARRAY OF OLIGOMEREN AS WELL AS THE USE OF THE DEVICE

MODULAR MICRO REACTION SYSTEM

DISK ARCHITECTURE FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS ON BASIS OF MICRO COMPONENTS

THERMAL MICRO VALVES

STATIC MICRO MIXER

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR MOVING FLUIDS OF MEANS CENTRIFUGAL ACCELERATION DURING THE AUTOMATIC LABORATORY TREATMENT

Welded microchannel processor

This invention relates to an apparatus, comprising: a plurality of plates in a stack defining at least one process layer and at least one heat exchange layer, each plate having a peripheral edge, the peripheral edge of each plate being welded to the peripheral edge of the next adjacent plate to provide a perimeter seal for the stack, the ratio of the average surface area of each of the adjacent plates to the average penetration of the weld between the adjacent plates being at least about 100 cm2/mm. The stack may be used as the core assembly for a microchannel processor. The microchannel processor may be used for conducting one or more unit operations, including chemical reactions such as SMR reactions.

TEST UNIT FOR STUDYING CATALYSTS IN REACTIONS INVOLVING A SHORT CONTACT TIME BETWEEN THE CATALYST AND THE REAGENTS

Microchannel reactors with temperature control

High throughput microfluidic device

A microfluidic element comprising at least one pair of plates, at least one of said plates having an open channel distributed on a surface that is adjacent the other plate in the pair. In use, said plates are releasably clamped together so as to form an enclosed, continuous microfluidic channel between the plates that is suitable for the passage of a fluid.

Method and apparatus for diffusive transfer between immiscible fluids

MULTI-PURPOSE MICROCHANNEL MICRO-COMPONENT

A micro-component useful as a heat exchanger, vaporizer, or chemical reaction chamber comprising a separator forming on opposite sides thereof adjacent and longitudinally extending micro-channels for laminar fluid flow, the separator being a middle element in a sealed enclosure having inlet and outlet opening transverse to the channels allowing the flow of fluid through the channels.

METHOD FOR PROCESSING FLUID FLOWS IN A MICRO COMPONENT REFORMER SYSTEM

A micro-component useful as a heat exchanger, vaporizer, or chemical reaction chamber comprising a separator forming on opposite sides thereof adjacent and longitudinally extending micro-channels for laminar fluid flow, the separator being a middle element in a sealed enclosure having inlet and outlet opening transverse to the channels allowing the flow of fluid through the channels.

A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN OLEFIN OXIDE OR A CHEMICAL DERIVABLE FROM AN OLEFIN OXIDE

The present invention relates to an improved epoxidation process and an improved epoxidation reactor. The present invention makes use of a reactor which comprises a plurality of microchannels. Such process microchannels may be adapted such that the epoxidation and optionally other processes can take place in the microchannels and that they are in a heat exchange relation with channels adapted to contain a heat exchange fluid. A reactor comprising such process microchannels is referred to as a "microchannel reactor". The invention provides a certain process for the epoxidation of an olefin and a process for the preparation of a chemical derivable from an olefin oxide.

A METHOD OF INSTALLING AN EPOXIDATION CATALYST IN A REACTOR, A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN OLEFIN OXIDE OR A CHEMICAL DERIVABLE FROM AN OLEFIN OXIDE, AND A REACTOR SUITABLE FOR SUCH A PROCESS

The present invention relates to an improved epoxidation process and an improved epoxidation reactor. The present invention makes use of a reactor which comprises a plurality of microchannels. Such process microchannels may be adapted such that the epoxidation and optionally other processes can take place in the microchannels and that they are in a heat exchange relation with channels adapted to contain a heat exchange fluid. A reactor comprising such process microchannels is referred to as a "microchannel reactor". The invention provides a method of installing an epoxidation catalyst in a microchannel reactor. The invention also provides a process for the epoxidation of an olefin and a process for the preparation of a chemical derivable from an olefin oxide. The inverition also provides a microchannel reactor.

A METHOD OF PREPARING AN EPOXIDATION CATALYST, AN EXPOXIDATION CATALYST, A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN OLEFIN OXIDE OR A CHEMICAL DERIVABLE FROM AN OLEFIN OXIDE, AND A REACTOR SUITABLE FOR SUCH A PROCESS

The present invention relates to an improved epoxidation process and an improved epoxidation reactor. The present invention makes use of a reactor which comprises a plurality of microchannels. Such process microchannels may be adapted such that the epoxidation and optionally other processes can take place in the microchannels and that they are in a heat exchange relation with channels adapted to contain a heat exchange fluid. A reactor comprising such process microchannels is referred to as a "microchannel reactor". The invention provides a method of preparing an epoxidation catalyst. The invention also provides an epoxidation catalyst. The invention also provides a certain process for the epoxidation of an olefin and a process for the preparation of a chemical derivable from an olefin oxide. The invention also provides a microchannel reactor.

A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN OLEFIN OXIDE OR A CHEMICAL DERIVABLE FROM AN OLEFIN OXIDE

The present invention relates to an improved epoxidation process and an improved epoxidation reactor. The present invention makes use of a reactor which comprises a plurality of microchannels. Such process microchannels may be adapted such that the epoxidation and optionally other processes can take place in the microchannels and that they are in a heat exchange relation with channels adapted to contain a heat exchange fluid. A reactor comprising such process microchannels is referred to as a "microchannel reactor". The invention provides a certain process for the epoxidation of an olefin and a process for the preparation of a chemical derivable from an olefin oxide.

MICRO-REACTOR SYSTEM

A micro- reactor system assembly comprises a stack of at least n process modules (1-6), wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, made from a rigid first material and comprising at least one reactive fluid passage (1A, 1B, 2A, 3A, 6A) for accommodating and guiding a reactive fluid, and at least n+1 heat exchange modules (7, 8) made from a ductile second material other than said first material and comprising at least one heat exchange fluid passage (7A, 8A) for accommodating and guiding a heat exchange fluid, wherein each process module (1-6) is sandwiched between two adjacent heat exchange modules (7, 8).

HEAT EXCHANGER SYSTEM COMPRISING FLUID CIRCULATION ZONES WHICH ARE SELECTIVELY COATED WITH A CHEMICAL REACTION CATALYST

The invention relates to a plate (10a) intended to be incorporated into a stack of plates in a heat exchanger system, the plate comprising a plurality of channels (38) distributed in rows (40), each row comprising opposite lateral walls (42) spaced out along a first direction (44), in such a way that two of them being directly consecutive define one of the channels (38), the rows being opposite and spaced out along a second direction (46) perpendicular to the first. Additionally, in the fluid circulation area (20) of the plate incorporating the channels (38), only the latter are coated with a catalyst allowing a chemical reaction.

MICROCHANNEL APPARATUS FOR REMOVAL OF COMBUSTIBLE, VOLATILE CONTAMINANT S

SYSTEM, REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS INDUSTRIAL PREPARATION OF 3-METHACRYLOYLOXYPROPYLALKOXYSILANES

The present invention relates to a system, to a reactor and to a process for continuous industrial performance of a reaction wherein allyl methacryla te A is reacted with an HSi compound B in the presence of a catalyst C and o ptionally of further assistants, and the system is based at least on the com bination of reactants (3) for components A (1) and B (2), at least one multi element reactor (5) which, in turn, comprises at least two reactor units in the form of exchangeable pre-reactors (5.1) and at least one further reactor unit (5.3) connected downstream of the pre-reactors, and on a product worku p (8).

MICRO PASSAGE CHIP, AND FLUID TRANSFERRING METHOD

Provided is a novel micro passage chip having a structure capable of tran sferring a fluid from above the substrate of the micro passage chip even if physical or mechanical drawing means is not used. The micro passage chip is characterized to include at least a first substrate and a second substrate, and an intermediate substrate interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. At least one of the adhered faces of the first substrate and the intermediate substrate has a first unadhered thin film layer formed thereon. At an arbitrary position over the first unadhered thin film layer, there is arranged at least one fluid port, which contacts with the first una dhered thin film layer and which is opened to the outer surface of the first substrate. On the face on at least one of the adhered faces of the first su bstrate and the intermediate substrate, there is so formed at least a portio n of the second unadhered thin film layer, which has a length equal to or di fferent from ...

PROCESS FOR AMBIENT TEMPERATURE FRACTIONATION AND EXTRACTION OF VARIOUS BIOMASSES

The present invention provides a process for fractionating biomass into its individual components. The process includes pretreating a biomass which may include mechanically altering the fibers and/or contacting the biomass with a solvent to provide a fluidized biomass. The pretreated fluidized biomass may be subjected to high frequency pulses and shear forces without denaturing one or more components of the biomass to provide a first liquid fraction and a first fractionated biomass. The first liquid fraction may then be isolated or separated from the first fractionated biomass. The biomass may be separated, isolated or purified into lignin, extractives for use in pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals, cellulose, hemicellulose, and other sugars and proteins.

PROCESS FOR FORMING AN EMULSION USING MICROCHANNEL PROCESS TECHNOLOGY

The disclosed invention relates to a process for making an emulsion. The process comprises: flowing a first liquid through a process microchannel, the process microchannel having a wall with an apertured section; flowing a second liquid through the apertured section into the process microchannel in contact with the first liquid, the first liquid forming a continuous phase, the second liquid forming a discontinuous phase dispersed in the continuous phase.

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PREPARING HYDROCYANIC ACID BY CATALYTIC DEHYDRATIONOF GASEOUS FORMAMIDE - DIRECT HEATING

Method for producing hydrogen cyanide through catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide, wherein the dehydration of formamide is coupled with an exothermic reaction, in which the reactor used for dehydration comprises two separate fluid paths that are separated by a common reactor wall, wherein one fluid path is provided for the dehydration of formamide and the second fluid path is provided for the exothermic reaction.

OXIDATION PROCESS USING MICROCHANNEL TECHNOLOGY AND NOVEL CATALYST USEFUL IN SAME

A process is disclosed for converting a hydrocarbon reactant to CO and H2. The process comprises: (A) flowing a reactant composition comprising the hydrocarbon reactant and oxygen or a source of oxygen through a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst under reaction conditions to form the product. The product formed in step (A) may be converted to a product comprising CO2 and H2O in a microchannel reactor. A catalyst is disclosed which comprises a composition represented by the formula M1a M2b M3c Al d O x wherein: M1 is Rh, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ru, Co or a mixture of two or more thereof; M2 is Ce, Pr, Tb or a mixture of two or more thereof.

REACTOR SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS FROM SYNTHETIC GAS

The invention relates to a reactor system, comprising a heat-exchange unit and a reaction unit that are assembled together into a structure. The heat-exchange unit has a plurality of plate or corrugated-plate heat exchangers, and is formed so as to attachable/detachable to/from the reaction unit and insertable into the latter. Accordingly, a catalyst may be attached to a heat-transfer surface of a heat exchanger by a washcoat method or the like, thus maximizing heat-transfer efficiency and enabling the easy removal or reattachment of the catalyst when the enabling the easy removal or reattachment of the catalyst at the end of the lifespan of the catalyst.

HEAVY FOSSIL HYDROCARBON CONVERSION AND UPGRADING USING RADIO-FREQUENCY OR MICROWAVE ENERGY

Conversion of heavy fossil hydrocarbons (HFH) to a variety of value-added chemicals and/or fuels can be enhanced using microwave (MW) and/or radio-frequency (RF) energy. Variations of reactants, process parameters, and reactor design can significantly influence the relative distribution of chemicals and fuels generated as the product. In one example, a system for flash microwave conversion of HFH includes a source concentrating microwave or RF energy in a reaction zone having a pressure greater than 0.9 atm, a continuous feed having HFH and a process gas passing through the reaction zone, a HFH-to-liquids catalyst contacting the HFH in at least the reaction zone, and dielectric discharges within the reaction zone. The HFH and the catalyst have a residence time in the reaction zone of less than 30 seconds. In some instances, a plasma can form in or near the reaction zone.

CATALYST SUPPORT STRUCTURE, CATALYST INCLUDING THE STRUCTURE, REACTOR INCLUDING A CATALYST, AND METHODS OF FORMING SAME

Structures, catalysts, and reactors suitable for use for a variety of applications, including gas-to-liquid and coal-to-liquid processes and methods of forming the structures, catalysts, and reactors are disclosed. The catalyst material can be deposited onto an inner wall of a microtubular reactor and/or onto porous tungsten support structures using atomic layer deposition techniques.

CATALYTIC METHOD

A low emissions combustor for use in gas turbines which operate at turbine inlet temperatures below about 1250 degrees Kelvin, which comprises a multiplicity of microlith catalyst elements and means for providing an admixture of fuel and air having an adiabatic flame temperature within the range of 600 to 1250 degrees Kelvin.

INTEGRATED CHEMICAL SYNTHESIZERS

A modular reactor system (see figure) and method for synthesizing chemical compounds characterized by a uniform temperature throughout the reaction mixture by use of a continuous flow reactor (100, 60, 70) under high pressure. The apparatus includes a number of generic components such as pumps, flow channels (81, 82, 83, 84), manifolds, flow restrictors, and valves. Modular reactors (100, 60, 70), separator and analyzers on an assembly board (80) provide a system where a modular reactor unit (100, 60, 70) has an internal diameter of up to 100 micrometers to optimize control of residence time within a reaction zone.

MICROCOMPONENT CHEMICAL PROCESS SHEET ARCHITECTURE

The invention is a microcomponent chemical process assembly wherein macroscale unit processes are performed by microscale components. The sheet architecture may be a single laminate with a plurality of separate microcomponent sections or the sheet architecture may be a plurality of laminates with one or more microcomponent sections on each laminate. Each microcomponent or plurality of like microcomponents perform at least one chemical process unit operation. A first laminate having a plurality of like first microcomponents is combined with at least a second laminate having a plurality of like second microcomponents thereby combining at least two unit operations to achieve a system operation.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSIVE TRANSFER BETWEEN IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS

In order to facilitate diffusive transfer of an entity such as a solute between immiscible fluids and subsequent separation of the fluids without mixing, method and apparatus are disclosed having first and second fluid flow paths (11, 12) carrying first and second immiscible fluids, the flow paths communicating with one another in an interface region (16) in which the fluids contact one another and a stable open interface is formed. Diffusive transfer takes place across the interface, and subsequently the fluids flow away from the interface without mixing. The width of the flow paths in the interface region measured normal to the interface lies between 10 and 500 micrometres.

DEVICES AND METHODS FOR USING CENTRIPETAL ACCELERATION TO DRIVE FLUID MOVEMENT IN A MICROFLUIDICS SYSTEM WITH ON-BOARD INFORMATICS

This invention relates to methods and apparatus for performing microanalytic and microsynthetic analyses and procedures. The invention provides a microsystem platform and a micromanipulation device for manipulating the platform that utilizes the centripetal force resulting from rotation of the platform to motivate fluid movement through microchannels. The microsystem platforms of the invention are also provided having system informatics and data acquisition, analysis and storage and retrieval informatics encoded on the surface of the disk opposite to the surface containing the fluidic components. Methods specific for the apparatus of the invention for performing any of a wide variety of microanalytical or microsynthetic processes are provided.

CHEMICAL MICROREACTORS AND METHOD FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE

Known chemical microreactors for chemical synthe-sis and methods for producing have disadvantages such as high production costs or poor flexibility as regards adap-tation to different applications. The invention relates to microreactors and production methods which do not have these disadvantages. Said microreactors are characterized in that the reactors comprise fluid channels on at least one level, as well as fluid inlets and outlets. Said fluid channels are delimited by opposing side walls made of metal and by additional side walls made of metal or plastic which extend between said side walls. The levels are connected to each other and/or to a sealing segment closing off open fluid channels by means of suitable soldered or adhesive layers. The production methods are characterized by production steps in which the individual reactors levels, manufactured by means of galvanization techniques, are connected to each other by soldering or adhesion.

MICROCHANNEL LAMINATED MASS EXCHANGER AND METHOD OF MAKING

The present invention is a microchannel mass exchanger (100) having a first plurality of inner thin sheets (106, 116, 200, 300) and a second plurality of outer thin sheets (110, 118, 204, 302, 504, 510). The inner thin sheets (106, 118, 200, 300) each have a solid margin (108) around a circumference, the solid margin (108) defining a slot (104, 508) through the inner thin sheet (106, 116, 200, 300) thickness. The outer thin sheets (110, 118, 204, 302, 504, 510) each have at least two header holes (112, 202) on opposite ends and when sandwiching an inner thin sheet (106, 116, 200, 300). The outer thin sheets (110, 118, 204, 302, 504, 510) further have a mass exchange medium (400, 500). The assembly forms a closed flow channel assembly wherein fluid enters through one of the header holes into the slot and exits through another of the header holes after contacting the mass exchange medium.

METHODS OF CONVERTING GASEOUS ALKANES IN LIQUID HYDROCARBONS WITH USE OF MICROCHANNEL REACTORS

ПОЭТАПНОЕ ПРОВЕДЕНИЕ ЭКЗОТЕРМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ С УЧАСТИЕМ КАРБОКАТИОНОВ

Способ проведения реакций с участием карбокатионов, при котором наиболее экзотермический начальный этап реакции проводят при высокой (60-120°С) температуре и непродолжительном периоде времени выдержки (1-30 с) в микрореакторе, а последующие менее экзотермические этапы проводят, при необходимости, при более низких температурах в двух или нескольких устройствах для выдержки при более продолжительном периоде времени выдержки (1-30 с).

МИКРОКАНАЛЬНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ТИПОВЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ЭТИЛЕНОКСИДА

Изобретение предназначено для использования микроканального устройства в процессе для охлаждения газообразной смеси, включающей в себя этиленоксид, и в процессе для концентрирования или очистки этиленоксида. Такие применения микроканального устройства включают конденсацию в процессе абсорбции/десорбции этиленоксида или в процессе перегонки, при котором колонна соединена с микроканальным устройством. Микроканальное устройство может располагаться внутри колонны над самой верхней тарелкой или набивкой.

МИКРОРЕАКТОР

В заявке описан блок микрореактора, содержащий по меньшей мере n технологических модулей (1-6), где n - целое число, равное или большее 1, выполненных из жесткого первого материала и содержащих по меньшей мере один проход (1А, 1В, 2А, 3А, 6А) для реакционной текучей среды для размещения и направления реакционной текучей среды, и по меньшей мере n+1 модулей (7, 8) теплообмена, выполненных из пластичного второго материала, отличающегося от первого материала, и содержащих по меньшей мере один проход (7А, 8А) для теплоносителя для размещения и направления теплоносителя, в котором каждый технологический модуль (1-6) расположен между двумя прилегающими к нему модулями (7, 8) теплообмена.

ПОЭТАПНОЕ ПРОВЕДЕНИЕ ЭКЗОТЕРМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ С УЧАСТИЕМ КАРБОКАТИОНОВ

Способ проведения реакций с участием карбокатионов, при котором наиболее экзотермический начальный этап реакции проводят при высокой (60-120°С) температуре и непродолжительном периоде времени выдержки (1-30 с) в микрореакторе, а последующие менее экзотермические этапы проводят при необходимости при более низких температурах в двух или нескольких устройствах для выдержки при более продолжительном периоде времени выдержек (1-30 с).

Loading or unloading of particulates or out of microchannel reactors

The invention provides methods of loading and unloading particulate from micorchannels in apparatus that contains multiple microchannels, typically apparatus that is designed to operate with hundreds or thousands of particulate-containing microchannels. Aligning a sonicating head at one end of a set of microchannels provides a particularly effective mode for densifying particulate in microchannels.

Micro-chemical chip and reaction device

Micro-channel reactor or separator, and method for reaction or separation

SYSTEM Of COMPRISING EXCHANGER OF HEAT OF the ZONES OF FLUIDIC CIRCULATION COVERED IN a SELECTIVE WAY BY a CATALYST OF Chemical reaction

METHODS FOR DEPOSITION OF CATALYST BY A SOL/GEL, BY SUSPENSION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION MULTI

La présente invention porte sur des procédés de dépôt d'un catalyseur comprenant au moins une phase métallique catalytiquement active disposé sur un support solide consistant à déposer le catalyseur par voie sol/gel, par suspension ou par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur sur au moins une partie d'un substrat métallique munis d'éléments microstructurés.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN A FLUID FLOW

PROCESS AND CHEMICAL DEVICE OF CONVERSION BY REACTION EQUILIBREE ENTER OF the REAGENTS, LIKE PROCESS OF DETERMINATION Of AT LEAST a PARAMETER Of SUCH a CHEMICAL CONVERSION

L'invention propose un procédé de transformation chimique qui permet, notamment au sein d'un système millifluidique, de « forcer » de manière contrôlée l'avancement d'une réaction chimique équilibrée entre des réactifs. Selon ce procédé, on dispose d'un écoulement réactionnel monophasique liquide contenant les réactifs, puis on segmente l'écoulement monophasique liquide pour former un écoulement diphasique gaz-liquide , de manière à extraire de la phase liquide de cet écoulement diphasique un coproduit de la réaction dans la phase gazeuse de l'écoulement diphasique, puis on sépare de l'écoulement diphasique au moins une fraction de sa phase gazeuse, par perméation gazeuse du coproduit.

EXCHANGER AND/OR EXCHANGER-REACTOR MANUFACTURED BY ADDITIVE METHOD

Réacteur- échangeur ou échangeur comprenant au moins 3 étages avec sur chaque étage au moins une zone de canaux millimétriques favorisant les échanges de chaleur et au moins une zone de distribution en amont et/ou en aval de la zone de canaux millimétriques, caractérisée en ce que la zone de distribution en amont et/ou en aval de la zone de canaux est constituée d'une cavité comprenant entre son sol et son plafond au plus 3 mm dont le diamètre équivalent est inférieure à 3 mm.

DEVICE USEFUL FOR HYDROGENATION REACTIONS(I)

MICROREACTOR AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME

용접된 마이크로채널 프로세서

... 본 발명은 적어도 하나의 프로세스 층 및 적어도 하나의 열교환 층을 형성하는 적층된 다수의 플레이트를 포함하며, 각각의 플레이트는 주변 에지를 가지며, 각각의 플레이트의 상기 주변 에지는 상기 적층에 대한 주위 밀봉을 제공하도록 다음의 인접한 플레이트의 주변 에지에 용접되며, 인접한 플레이트 사이의 용접의 평균 침투에 대한 각각의 인접한 플레이트의 평균 표면적의 비율은 적어도 약 100 ㎠/mm인 장치에 관한 것이다. 상기 적층은 마이크로채널 프로세서용 코어 어셈블리로 사용될 수 있다. 상기 마이크로채널 프로세서는 SMR 반응과 같은 화학 반응을 포함하는 하나 이상의 단위 조작을 행하는데 사용될 수 있다.

Micro-fluidic heating system

본 발명은 미소유체 가열 시스템에 관한 것으로, 챔버, 유로 및 밸브를 제공하는 미소유체제어소자 및 이와 접촉되어 챔버의 내부를 가열시키는 모체로 구성된다. 상기 미소유체제어소자는 챔버, 유로 및 밸브가 형성된 상부기판과, 상부기판에 접합된 박막 형태의 하부기판으로 구성되고, 상기 모체는 가열수단이 형성된 멤브레인과 멤브레인을 지지하는 구조체로 구성된다. 상기 가열수단이 챔버 부분의 하부기판과 국부적으로 접촉되어 챔버의 내부를 가열시키기 때문에 열전달 효율이 극대화되며, 어레이 형태의 챔버를 갖는 구조의 경우 각 챔버의 온도를 독립적으로 제어할 수 있다. The present invention relates to a microfluidic heating system, comprising a microfluidic control element for providing a chamber, a flow path and a valve, and a mother body in contact with it to heat the interior of the chamber. The microfluidic control device includes an upper substrate on which a chamber, a flow path and a valve are formed, and a lower substrate in the form of a thin film bonded to the upper substrate, and the matrix includes a membrane on which a heating means is formed and a structure supporting the membrane. Since the heating means is in contact with the lower substrate of the chamber portion to heat the interior of the chamber, the heat transfer efficiency is maximized, and in the case of the structure having an array-type chamber, the temperature of each chamber can be independently controlled. 미소유체제어소자, 모체, 마이크로 히터, 챔버, 멤브레인 Microfluidic Control Element, Matrix, Micro Heater, Chamber, Membrane

Microfluidic device for electrochemically regulating the pH of a fluid therein using semiconductor doped with impurity and method for regulating the pH of a fluid in a microfluidic device using the same

MICRO FLUID SYSTEM SUPPORT UNIT AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

A micro fluid system support unit includes a first support body (2), a first adhesive layer (1a) arranged on the surface of the first support body (2), a first hollow filament group consisting of a plurality of hollow filaments (501 to 508) arranged with an arbitrary shape on the surface of the first adhesive layer (1a), a second hollow filament group consisting of a plurality of hollow filaments (511 to 518) arranged in the direction orthogonal to the first hollow filament group, a second adhesive layer (1b) arranged on the surface of the second hollow filament group, and a second support body (6) arranged on the surface of the second adhesive layer (1b). The first and the second hollow filament group constitute a flow passage layer. COPYRIGHT KIPO & WIPO 2010 ...

HEAT EXCHANGE REACTOR AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

The present invention relates to a heat exchange reactor and a method for producing the same. The method comprises the steps of: preparing a side surface plate having a plurality of slits horizontally formed along a length direction; disposing two side surface plates to be spaced apart from each other and face each other in a vertical direction; producing a plurality of flow path channels by horizontally fitting a flow path diaphragm into at least one of the slits of the side surface plates in a horizontal direction; producing a plurality of flow path channels by horizontally fitting a printed circuit-type heat exchange plate autonomously including a least one heat exchange flow path therein into at least one of the slits of the side surfaces plates in a horizontal direction; and joining the side surface plates, the flow path diaphragm, and the printed circuit-type heat exchange plate with each other. A separate heat exchange flow path channel, a separate heat exchange structure, and a ...

COMPACT DEVICE FOR GENERATING PURE HYDROGEN

A hydrogen generator comprising a hydrogen membrane reactor, a fuel supply, a reaction fuel supply line, an air supply, an air supply line, a combustion fuel supply line, a tail gas supply line, a combustion by-product line for transporting combustion by-products from the combustion chamber, and a reaction product line. A membrane assembly to be joined to a reactor chamber of a hydrogen generator, which comprises a membrane; and a membrane support comprising a sintered porous metal. A reactor assembly comprising a reaction chamber containing a porous metal substrate, two membrane assemblies, a fuel supply, a reaction fuel supply line, and a tail gas supply line and a reaction product line. Methods associated with the hydrogen generator, membrane assembly and reactor assembly. © KIPO & WIPO 2008 ...

BIOMASS FRACTIONATION AND EXTRACTION METHODS AND APPARATUS

sistemas para a produção de um produto químico

Micro fluid system support unit and manufacturing method thereof

A micro fluid system support unit in accordance with the present invention includes a first support body (2), a first adhesive layer (1a) arranged on the surface of the first support body (2), a first hollow filament group consisting of a plurality of hollow filaments (501-508) arranged with an arbitrary shape on the surface of the first adhesive layer (1a), a second hollow filament group consisting of a plurality of hollow filaments (511-518) arranged in the direction orthogonal to the first hollow filament group, a second adhesive layer (1b) arranged on the surface of the second hollow filament group, and a second support body (6) arranged on the surface of the second adhesive layer (1b). The first and the second hollow filament group constitute a flow passage layer.

NEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROCHANNEL STRUCTURE AND NEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROREACTOR

Disclosed are: a near field optical microchannel structure which comprises a two-dimensional near field optical array wherein metal nanoparticles are firmly bonded to the wall surface of a microchannel; and a near field optical microreactor. Specifically disclosed is a near field optical microchannel structure (61) which comprises: a structure (95) that is provided with a microchannel (41c); and a two-dimensional near field optical array (50) that is arranged within the microchannel (41c) and is capable of emitting near field light in the plane. The two-dimensional near field optical array (50) is composed of a conductive layer (6) that is formed on the inner wall surface of the microchannel (41c), an immobilization layer (2) that is immobilized on one surface (6a) of the conductive layer (6) by a chemical bond, and a metal nanoparticle array (3) that is immobilized on one surface (2a) of the immobilization layer (2) by a chemical bond. The metal nanoparticle array (3) is composed of a ...

A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CHEMICAL DERIVABLE FROM AN OLEFIN OXIDE, AND A REACTOR SUITABLE FOR SUCH A PROCESS

The present invention relates to an improved epoxidation process and an improved epoxidation reactor. The present invention makes use of a reactor which comprises a plurality of microchannels. Such process microchannels may be adapted such that the epoxidation and optionally other processes can take place in the microchannels and that they are in a heat exchange relation with channels adapted to contain a heat exchange fluid. A reactor comprising such process microchannels is referred to as a "microchannel reactor". The invention provides a certain process for the epoxidation of a chemical derivable from an olefin oxide. The invention also provides a microchannel reactor.

MICROSTRUCTURE COMPONENT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

The invention relates to a microstructure component for conducting a fluid and to a method for the production thereof, in which a metal sheet (110) is guided through a gap between a pair of profiled rollers (100) and is thereby microstructured, wherein a wave profile (221) is created in the direction of the width, a microstructured plate (212, 216) is cut to length from the metal sheet (110), a solder (220) is applied to an unstructured plate (210, 214, 218), the microstructured plate (212, 216) and the unstructured plate (210, 214, 218) are put together to form a stack (200) and the stack (200) is connected by means of vacuum soldering. The microstructure component has microstructured plates (212, 216) and unstructured plates (210, 214, 218) stacked alternately one on top of the other, wherein the microstructured plates (212, 216) have a wave profile (221) that respectively has channel-shaped depressions (226) in the region of the crests, wherein between the microstructured plates and ...

LOADING OR UNLOADING OF PARTICULATES IN OR OUT OF MICROCHANNEL REACTORS

The invention providing methods of loading and unloading particulate from microchannels in apparatus that contains multiple microchannels, typically apparatus that is designed to operate with hundreds or thousands of particulate-containing microchannels. Aligning a sonicating head at one end of a set of microchannels provides a particularly effective mode for densifying particulate in microchannels. The particles may also be loaded using fluidization cycles or a sliding door.

MICROCHANNEL LAMINATED MASS EXCHANGER AND METHOD OF MAKING

The present invention is a microchannel mass exchanger (100) having a first plurality of inner thin sheets (106, 116, 200, 300) and a second plurality of outer thin sheets (110, 118, 204, 302, 504, 510). The inner thin sheets (106, 118, 200, 300) each have a solid margin (108) around a circumference, the solid margin (108) defining a slot (104, 508) through the inner thin sheet (106, 116, 200, 300) thickness. The outer thin sheets (110, 118, 204, 302, 504, 510) each have at least two header holes (112, 202) on opposite ends and when sandwiching an inner thin sheet (106, 116, 200, 300). The outer thin sheets (110, 118, 204, 302, 504, 510) further have a mass exchange medium (400, 500). The assembly forms a closed flow channel assembly wherein fluid enters through one of the header holes into the slot and exits through another of the header holes after contacting the mass exchange medium.

PROCESS FOR CONDUCTING AN EQUILIBRIUM LIMITED CHEMICAL REACTION USING MICROCHANNEL TECHNOLOGY

The disclosed invention relates to a process for conducting an equilibrium limited chemical reaction in a microchannel reactor (100). The process involves the use of active heat exchange (130, 132) and is suitable for conducting exothermic and endothermic reactions. The process comprises flowing the reactant composition through at least two reaction zones (116, 118) having a catalytic material (which may be the same or different). The process is particularly suitable for synthesizing methanol and dimethyl ether.

SAMPLE ANALYZER AND DISK-LIKE SAMPLE ANALYZING MEDIUM

A sample analyzer capable of efficiently heating only a specified portion on the surface of a disk by a simple external heating means and a disk-like sample analyzing medium. An analyzing area (3) and an optical recording area (7) are formed on a disk-like substrate (1), and a light absorbing layer (12) and light reflecting layers (11) are disposed in the analyzing area (3) to form a high temperature zone (4) and low temperature zones (5). In the high temperature zone (4), heating occurs since radiated electromagnetic wave hits the light absorbing layer (12), and in the low temperature zone (5), a temperature rise is suppressed since the electromagnetic wave is reflected on the light reflecting layers (11) and heat conduction is increased. Accordingly, a thermal cycle can be provided to a sample liquid by feeding the specimen liquid to a flow passage (6) formed so as to alternately meander between the high temperature zone (4) and the low temperature zone (5) so that various reactions can ...

Epimerisation of saccharides

The present invention relates to a process for an epimerization of a saccharide in a microdevice consisting of a network of micron-sized channels in presence of molybdenum containing catalyst. It further relates to the use of a microdevice consisting of a network of micron-sized channels for the epimerization reaction of saccharides and the oligomerization of the thus obtained epimerized saccharide, preferably into manno-oligosaccharides.

Multilayer Hydrodynamic Sheath Flow Structure

A microfabricated sheath flow structure for producing a sheath flow includes a primary sheath flow channel for conveying a sheath fluid, a sample inlet for injecting a sample into the sheath fluid in the primary sheath flow channel, a primary focusing region for focusing the sample within the sheath fluid and a secondary focusing region for providing additional focusing of the sample within the sheath fluid. The secondary focusing region may be formed by a flow channel intersecting the primary sheath flow channel to inject additional sheath fluid into the primary sheath flow channel from a selected direction. A sheath flow system may comprise a plurality of sheath flow structures operating in parallel on a microfluidic chip.

Microreactors With Connectors Sealed Thereon; Their Manufacturing

The present invention deals with microfluidic devices ( 200 ) including a microreactor ( 20 ) and at least one connector ( 101 ) sealed thereon. It also deals with a method for manufacturing such microfluidic devices and to blocks of material suitable as connector.

Modular Component Synthesis Unit

A kit, for synthesizing a compound or element, which includes a modular reagent source, a modular trap and release apparatus, and a modular reaction unit. The modular reagent source includes a reagent. The modular trap and release apparatus is configured to separate components of the reagent. The modular reaction unit which is in fluid communication with the modular reagent source and the modular trap and release apparatus. In addition, the modular reaction unit includes a reaction vessel configured to facilitate a chemical reaction.

Thermal Microvalves

The movement and mixing of microdroplets through microchannels is described employing silicon-based microscale devices, comprising microdroplet transport channels, reaction regions, electrophoresis modules, and radiation detectors. The discrete droplets are differentially heated and propelled through etched channels. Electronic components are fabricated on the same substrate material, allowing sensors and controlling circuitry to be incorporated in the same device.

Methods and systems for forming boronic acids and intermediates thereof

Methods for forming boronic acids, and intermediates thereof, are disclosed. The method may include mixing a 1-chloro-2-substituted-3-fluorobenzene starting material with an alkyllithium in a first reactor to form a reaction mixture. The 1-chloro-2-substituted-3-fluorobenzene starting material may react with the alkyllithium to form a lithiated intermediate. The reaction mixture may be continuously transferred to a second reactor and a borate may be continuously introduced to form a boronate. The boronic acids may be formed by treating the boronate with aqueous potassium hydroxide followed by acidification. Such methods may provide continuous formation of the boronic acids and may reduce an amount of a reactive intermediate present during processing as well as cycle times. Systems for forming the boronic acids are also disclosed.

Microfluidic component, reactor comprising a plurality of such components, and method for producing same

A microfluidic component made of a metal sheet having a structure which includes a closed fluid line and which is formed of a structured surface of a first section of the metal sheet and an adjoining structured or unstructured surface of a second section of the metal sheet, wherein the metal sheet is folded such that the sections integrally connected to each other are located on top of each other in a surface-parallel manner. The metal sheet further includes at least one third section having a contoured edge and is moreover folded such that the third section is also supported in a surface-parallel manner and the contoured edge forms a first wall section and the adjoining structured or unstructured surface of the first or second section forms a second wall section of an open fluid line. A microfluidic reactor comprising a plurality of such microfluidic components and a method for producing such components.

Processing Apparatus Fabrication

A processing apparatus that is formed from a plurality of metal layers that are stacked and aligned together and then connected together to form one or more portions of the processing apparatus.

PROCESS FOR MAKING STYRENE USING MICROCHANNEL PROCESS TECHNOLOGY

The disclosed invention relates to a process for converting ethylbenzene to styrene, comprising: flowing a feed composition comprising ethylbenzene in at least one process microchannel in contact with at least one catalyst to dehydrogenate the ethylbenzene and form a product comprising styrene; exchanging heat between the process microchannel and at least one heat exchange channel in thermal contact with the process microchannel; and removing product from the process microchannel. Also disclosed is an apparatus comprising a process microchannel, a heat exchange channel, and a heat transfer wall positioned between the process microchannel and heat exchange channel wherein the heat transfer wall comprises a thermal resistance layer. 1178-. (canceled)179. An apparatus , comprising:a process microchannel;a heat exchange channel; anda heat transfer wall positioned between the process microchannel and the heat exchange channel, the heat transfer wall comprising at least one thermal resistance layer.180. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer is positioned on the heat transfer wall and/or embedded within the heat transfer wall.181. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises a vacuum claim 179 , a gaseous material claim 179 , a liquid and/or a solid material.182. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises a solid material which contains void spaces claim 179 , openings and/or through holes.183. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises one or more strips or shims which contain void spaces claim 179 , openings and/or through holes.184. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises one or more strips with grooves formed in the strip.185. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises one or more shims claim 179 , each of the shims having a first surface and a second surface claim 179 , and grooves formed in the first surface and/or the second surface.186. The ...

Modular flow reactor

A modular flow reactor is formed of a plurality of modules, wherein each module comprises a body having at least one conduit passing therethrough, and wherein a plurality of said modules are aligned along a longitudinal axis such that said conduits of said modules are aligned to form a passage for fluid, wherein each module has a length along said longitudinal axis which is less than the length of the module perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The modules are “slices” rather than “tubes” and a plurality of said modules can be aligned linearly so that the conduits form a tube.

MICROREACTOR SYSTEMS AND METHODS

In various embodiments, a microreactor features a corrosion-resistant microchannel network encased within a thermally conductive matrix material that may define therewithin one or more hollow heat-exchange conduits. 121.-. (canceled)22. A method of fabricating a microreactor , the method comprising:providing a network of hollow microchannel conduits from a corrosion-resistant material;providing one or more microreactor parts each (i) configured to interface with one or more of the microchannel conduits and (ii) comprising the corrosion-resistant material;joining the one or more microreactor parts to the network of microchannel conduits; andsurrounding the network of microchannel conduits with a matrix material having a thermal conductivity larger than a thermal conductivity of the corrosion-resistant material.23. The method of claim 22 , wherein providing the one or more microreactor parts comprises forming the one of more microreactor parts via an additive manufacturing technique.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the additive manufacturing technique comprises three-dimensional printing.25. The method of claim 22 , wherein surrounding the network of microchannel conduits with the matrix material comprises forming the matrix material via an additive manufacturing technique.26. The method of claim 22 , wherein surrounding the network of microchannel conduits with the matrix material comprises forming the matrix material via at least one of casting or powder pressing.27. The method of claim 22 , wherein the corrosion-resistant material comprises at least one of niobium claim 22 , molybdenum claim 22 , tantalum claim 22 , tungsten claim 22 , rhenium claim 22 , titanium claim 22 , zirconium claim 22 , glass claim 22 , or stainless steel.28. The method of claim 22 , wherein the matrix material comprises at least one of aluminum claim 22 , gold claim 22 , brass claim 22 , silver claim 22 , or copper.29. The method of claim 22 , wherein a portion of the matrix proximate ...

Microchannel processor

This invention relates to an apparatus, comprising: a plurality of plates in a stack defining at least one process layer and at least one heat exchange layer, each plate having a peripheral edge, the peripheral edge of each plate being welded to the peripheral edge of the next adjacent plate to provide a perimeter seal for the stack, the ratio of the average surface area of each of the adjacent plates to the average penetration of the weld between the adjacent plates being at least about 100 cm 2 /mm. The stack may be used as the core assembly for a microchannel processor. The microchannel processor may be used for conducting one or more unit operations, including chemical reactions such as SMR reactions.

Disconnector Device

The present invention relates to an automated radiosynthesis device adapted for enhanced automatic disconnection of a disposable kit once a radiosynthesis has been carried out. The automated radiosynthesis device of the invention therefore reduces the time to remove the disposable kit from the radiosynthesis device and reduces radiation exposure to the operator. 21. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim , wherein said plurality of connectors is selected from the group comprising fasteners , and fluidic connectors.3. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim 2 , wherein said fluidic connectors are selected from the group comprising push-on type connectors luer slip connectors and luer screw connectors.41. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim claim 2 , wherein said disposable kit is suitable for the synthesis of a radiotracer compound.5. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim 4 , wherein said radiotracer compound is a positron-emission tomography (PET) tracer.6. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim 5 , wherein said radiotracer compound is an F-labelled PET tracer.71. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim claim 5 , wherein said disposable kit is a single-use cassette.81. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim claim 5 , wherein said plurality of actuators is selected from the group comprising rotatable arms for stopcocks of valves claim 5 , linear actuators claim 5 , arms that press onto reagent vials and pinch valves.91. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim claim 5 , wherein said moving parts of said disposable kit are selected from the group comprising reagent vials claim 5 , syringes and valves.101. The automated radiosynthesis device as defined in claim claim 5 , wherein said control unit includes software comprising instructions for a particular radiosynthesis method to be carried out on said disposable kit attached to said ...

MICROREACTOR SYSTEMS AND METHODS

In various embodiments, a microreactor features a corrosion-resistant microchannel network encased within a thermally conductive matrix material that may define therewithin one or more hollow heat-exchange conduits. 1. A microreactor comprising:a network of hollow microchannel conduits formed of a corrosion-resistant material; andsurrounding and in contact with the microchannel conduits, a matrix comprising a matrix material having a thermal conductivity larger than a thermal conductivity of the corrosion-resistant material.2. The microreactor of claim 1 , further comprising one or more hollow heat-exchange channels each (i) defined by the matrix material claim 1 , (ii) proximate one or more microchannel conduits claim 1 , and (iii) not intersecting any of the microchannel conduits.3. The microreactor of claim 2 , wherein a diameter or lateral dimension of at least one heat-exchange channel is larger than a diameter or lateral dimension of at least one microchannel conduit.4. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein the corrosion-resistant material comprises at least one of niobium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , rhenium claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , glass claim 1 , or stainless steel.5. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material comprises at least one of aluminum claim 1 , gold claim 1 , brass claim 1 , silver claim 1 , or copper.6. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the matrix proximate the microchannel conduits comprises a mixed and/or graded composition comprising the corrosion-resistant material and the matrix material.7. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein the network of microchannel conduits comprises (i) two or more input conduits converging to a single reaction zone claim 1 , and (ii) an output conduit leading away from the reaction zone.821.-. (canceled)22. A microreactor comprising (i) a network of hollow microchannel conduits formed of a corrosion-resistant material and ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR THERMALLY ACTUATED FLOW CONTROL

Various implementations provide an inherently safer design feature for microchannel reactors that provides temperature control at the individual channel level. This approach relies on bimetallic strips embedded within the combustion channel, forming a thermally-actuated “valve”. Bimetallic strips convert a temperature change into a mechanical displacement. Heating the strip increases its deflection and thereby restricts flow in the combustion channels, which consequently reduces the rate of heat generation. The thermally-actuated valve is not limited to use in microchannel reactors and may be used in other structures for which thermally actuated flow control is desired, according to some implementations. 1. A thermally actuated flow control system comprising:a first linear array of bimetallic strips disposed on a first wall of a channel; anda second linear array of bimetallic strips disposed on a second wall of the channel, the first and second walls being opposite and in a facing relationship with each other relative to an axis of fluid flow through the channel, each bimetallic strip comprises a fixed end and a free end,', 'the fixed ends of the bimetallic strips in the first array are coupled to the first wall,', 'the fixed ends of the bimetallic strips in the second array are coupled to the second wall,', 'each bimetallic strip comprises a first metal strip having a first thermal expansion coefficient and a second metal strip having a second thermal expansion coefficient, the first and second metal strips being fixedly coupled together, and the first thermal expansion coefficient being higher than the second thermal expansion coefficient, wherein the first metal strip is coupled to the wall, and the second metal strip extends towards the axis of fluid flow of the channel, and', 'a deflection of the free ends of the first array of bimetallic strips away from the first wall and the free ends of the second array of bimetallic strips away from the second wall ...

BIOMASS FRACTIONATION AND EXTRACTION METHODS AND APPARATUS

A biomass fractionation apparatus includes a vessel having a processing chamber, an inlet configured to receive a biomass into the processing chamber, and an outlet configured to discharge processed biomass from the chamber. A bed plate is movably positioned within the processing chamber and includes a plurality of elongated fins extending outwardly therefrom in substantially parallel spaced-apart relationship. A cylindrical rotor is rotatably secured within the processing chamber in adjacent, spaced-apart relationship with the bed plate. The rotor has a plurality of elongated blades extending radially outwardly therefrom in circumferentially spaced-apart relationship. Upon rotation of the rotor, the blades are configured to accelerate a biomass within the processing chamber against the fins of the bed plate and to cause the bed plate to pulsate against the rotor. 1. A biomass fractionation apparatus , comprising:a vessel comprising a processing chamber, an inlet configured to receive biomass into the processing chamber, and an outlet configured to discharge processed biomass from the chamber;a bed plate movably positioned within the processing chamber;a cylindrical rotor rotatably secured within the processing chamber in adjacent, spaced-apart relationship with the bed plate, the rotor having a plurality of elongated blades extending radially outwardly therefrom in circumferentially spaced-apart relationship, and wherein, upon rotation of the rotor, the blades are configured to accelerate biomass flowing through the processing chamber against the bed plate; anda biasing mechanism configured to urge the bed plate towards the rotor against an opposite force caused by flow of the biomass through the processing chamber.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a motor operably connected to the rotor and configured to rotate the rotor.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising a pump in fluid communication with the vessel inlet claim 2 , wherein the pump is ...

CONTINUOUS FLOW MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEM

The present disclosure is directed towards improved systems and methods for large-scale production of nanoparticles used for delivery of therapeutic material. The apparatus can be used to manufacture a wide array of nanoparticles containing therapeutic material including, but not limited to, lipid nanoparticles and polymer nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, continuous flow operation and parallelization of microfluidic mixers contribute to increased nanoparticle production volume. 1. A system for continuous flow operation of a microfluidic chip , the system comprising: (a) a first inlet configured to receive a first solution;', '(b) a second inlet configured to receive a second solution; and', (i) a first inlet microchannel configured to receive the first solution from the first inlet;', '(ii) a second inlet microchannel configured to receive the second solution from the second inlet; and', '(iii) a mixing microchannel configured to mix the first solution and the second solution to provide a nanoparticle solution at a mixer outlet; and, '(c) a first mixer, comprising, '(d) a chip outlet in fluid communication with the mixer outlet through a nanoparticle solution microchannel;, '(1) a microfluidic chip, comprising(2) a first continuous flow fluid driver configured to continuously drive the first solution from a first solution reservoir into the first inlet of the microfluidic chip;(3) a second continuous flow fluid driver configured to continuously drive the second solution from a second solution reservoir into the second inlet of the microfluidic chip; and(4) a system outlet in fluid communication with the chip outlet, wherein the system outlet is configured to output the nanoparticle solution.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first solution comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second solution comprises a particle-forming material in a second solvent.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first solution ...

FLOW REACTOR SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS

A flow reactor system and methods having tubing useful as polymerization chamber. The flow reactor has at least one inlet and at least one mixing chamber, and an outlet. The method includes providing two phases, an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase and forming an emulsion for introduction into the flow reactor. 120-. (canceled)21. A system for polymerizing one or more monomers for producing a polymer salt , comprising: at least one inlet port configured for receiving an emulsified reactant composition comprising an aqueous monomer solution and a non-aqueous solution; and', 'at least one outlet port configured for discharging a polymer salt;, 'an amount of tubing havinga temperature controller sized to receive at least a portion of the amount of tubing;a mixing chamber, the mixing chamber having an inlet and an outlet, the outlet fluidically coupled to the inlet port of the tubing, the mixing chamber configured to emulsify a reactant composition; andat least one fluid flow control device fluidically coupled to the inlet of the mixing chamber.22. The system of ; wherein the at least one fluid flow control device comprises an aqueous monomer fluid flow control device and a non-aqueous fluid flow control device.23. The system of claim 21 , further comprising a second mixing chamber fluidically coupled to the inlet of the tubing.24. The system of claim 23 , further comprising a catalyst fluid flow control device fluidically coupled to the second mixing chamber or to the amount of tubing claim 23 , the catalyst fluid flow control device configured to introduce a catalyst to the reactant composition.25. The system of claim 21 , further configured to introduce organic solvent to the amount of tubing for recovering the polymer salt.26. A system for continuous flow synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) salt claim 21 , comprising: at least one inlet port configured for receiving an emulsified reactant composition comprising an aqueous aniline solution and a non-aqueous acid ...

MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEM OR DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEM OR DEVICE

A method of manufacturing a microfluidic system or microfluidic device having at least one channel includes providing a base sheet, providing a deformable intermediate layer, providing a cover film, and laminating the base sheet, the intermediate layer and the cover film so that a back surface of the intermediate layer is attached to a front surface of the base sheet and a back surface of the cover film is attached to a front surface of the intermediate layer opposite to the back surface thereof, thereby forming a laminate comprising the base sheet, the intermediate layer and the cover film. Further, the method includes applying pressure to the front surface of the intermediate layer through the cover film so as to deform the intermediate layer, thereby forming the at least one channel. The invention also relates to a microfluidic system or microfluidic device) manufactured by this method. 1. A method of manufacturing a microfluidic system or microfluidic device having at least one channel , wherein the method comprises:providing a base sheet;providing a deformable intermediate layer;providing a cover film;laminating the base sheet, the intermediate layer and the cover film so that a back surface of the intermediate layer is attached to a front surface of the base sheet and a back surface of the cover film is attached to a front surface of the intermediate layer opposite to the back surface thereof, thereby forming a laminate comprising the base sheet, the intermediate layer and the cover film; andapplying pressure to the front surface of the intermediate layer through the cover film so as to deform the intermediate layer, thereby forming the at least one channel.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cover film is expandable and the method further comprises expanding the cover film.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the cover film is expanded when the pressure is applied to the front surface of the intermediate layer through the cover film.4. ...

Flow reactor synthesis of polymers

A flow reactor system and methods having tubing useful as polymerization chamber. The flow reactor has at least one inlet and at least one mixing chamber, and an outlet. The method includes providing two phases, an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase and forming an emulsion for introduction into the flow reactor.

Device useful for hydrogenation reactions (ii)

The present invention relates to a device for treatment of material transported through the device comprising at least one porous element consisting of specific solid metallic structure which allows cross-flow of the material through the porous element and wherein the porous element is coated by a non-acidic metal oxide which is impregnated by palladium (Pd).

MICROREACTOR SYSTEMS AND METHODS

In various embodiments, a microreactor features a corrosion-resistant microchannel network encased within a thermally conductive matrix material that may define therewithin one or more hollow heat-exchange conduits. 1. A microreactor comprising:a network of hollow microchannel conduits formed of a corrosion-resistant material; andsurrounding and in contact with the microchannel conduits, a matrix comprising a matrix material having a thermal conductivity larger than a thermal conductivity of the corrosion-resistant material.2. The microreactor of claim 1 , further comprising one or more hollow heat-exchange channels each (i) defined by the matrix material claim 1 , (ii) proximate one or more microchannel conduits claim 1 , and (iii) not intersecting any of the microchannel conduits.3. The microreactor of claim 2 , wherein a diameter of at least one heat-exchange channel is larger than a diameter of at least one microchannel conduit.4. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein the corrosion-resistant material comprises at least one of niobium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , rhenium claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , glass claim 1 , or stainless steel.5. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material comprises at least one of aluminum claim 1 , gold claim 1 , brass claim 1 , silver claim 1 , or copper.6. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the matrix proximate the microchannel conduits comprises a mixed and/or graded composition comprising the corrosion-resistant material and the matrix material.7. The microreactor of claim 1 , wherein the network of microchannel conduits comprises (i) two or more input conduits converging to a single reaction zone claim 1 , and (ii) an output conduit leading away from the reaction zone.8. A method of fabricating a microreactor claim 1 , the method comprising:forming a network of hollow microchannel conduits from a corrosion-resistant material; andthereafter and/ ...

COUNTERCURRENT HEAT EXCHANGER/REACTOR

Counter-flow heat exchanged is constructed with plenums at either end that separate the opposing fluids, the channels of which are arrayed in a checkerboard patterns, such that any given channel is surrounded by channels of opposing streams on four sides—laterally on both sides and vertically above and below. 130-. (canceled)31. A device including channels arranged for countercurrent flow comprising:a bundle of channels comprising a first plurality of channels and a second plurality of channels configured to flow fluids counter-currently in opposite directions whereby opposing streams of fluid are arranged in a checkerboard pattern, such that for any given channel there exist alongside, in four directions, laterally on both sides, above and below, channels containing the opposite fluid;wherein the second plurality of channels confines one of the opposing streams through a plenum area at either end of the bundle, and extends into a cavity through which fluid enters or exits the device by second flowstream ports in a wall of the cavity; andwherein the second plurality of channels that penetrates the plenum area may be altered in size or shape, or both size and shape, so as to ensure free space completely around the second plurality of channels, such that fluid is free to flow between the second plurality of channels to or from first flowstream ports.32. The device of wherein the areal density of the bundle of channels is greater than 400 m/m.33. The device of wherein a heat transfer coefficient is enhanced by means of structural changes in walls of the individual channels claim 31 , leading to increased turbulence in the flowing stream.34. The device of wherein a cross-sectional shape of individual channels in the first plurality of channels is a hollow polygon of no more than four sides claim 31 , while a cross-sectional shape of the second plurality of channels takes the form of any shape and size claim 31 , including the voids created between the walls of the first ...

REACTOR INCORPORATING A HEAT EXCHANGER

A reactor containing a heat exchanger is disclosed, which can be operated with co-current or counter-current flow. Also disclosed is a system that includes a reactor having a reformer and a vaporizer, a fuel supply, and a water supply. The reactor includes a source of combustion gas, a reformer operative to receive reformate, and a vaporizer operative to receive water. The reformer and vaporizer each include a stack assembly formed by a combination of separator shims and channel shims. The separator shims and channel shims are stacked in a regular pattern to form two sets of channels within the stack assembly. One set of channels will have vertical passageways at either end and a horizontal flowpath between them, while the other set of channels has only a horizontal flowpath. 1. A heat exchanger , comprising:a first channel having a flowpath, a first wall, a second wall opposite the first wall, an inlet manifold at a first end, and an outlet manifold at a second opposite end, the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold running orthogonal to the flowpath;a second channel having a flowpath parallel to the flowpath of the first channel, the first channel and the second channel being separated by the first wall; anda fin extending from the second channel into the first channel, the fin passing through the first wall and extending to the second wall;wherein the heat exchanger is formed from a channel shim and a separator shim, wherein the channel shim defines the first channel, and wherein the separator shim includes the fin; andwherein the channel shim and the separator shim cooperate to form the first wall.2. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the first channel has a plurality of micro-channels and the second channel has a plurality of micro-channels 0.3. The heat exchanger of claim 2 , wherein the ratio of a first micro-channel width to a first micro-channel height is from 2:1 to 20:1.4. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of a channel shim height to ...

Microscale Chemical Reactors

A catalytic microscale reactor with spiral reactor geometry may have a high surface area to volume ratio, high catalytic surface area, high heat transfer surface area, long residence time, and high single pass conversion. The catalytic surface may be treated with microsphere spacer particles which serve to maintain the space between them at an engineered distance without the need for precise manufacturing techniques. The design of the reactor may allow for a catalyst surface to be removed, uncoiled, refurbished, and recoiled in an automated continuous process. An automated continuous process may be suitable both for initially preparing a new catalytic surface as well as refurbishing a fouled catalytic surface and may the time and cost to prepare a new surface. 1. A method of producing a reactive component comprising continuously feeding a substrate past a first processing apparatus , wherein the first processing apparatus deposits a reactive substance on the substrate.2. The method of further comprising continuously feeding the substrate past a second processing apparatus claim 1 , wherein the second processing apparatus prepares a surface of the substrate to receive the reactive substance.3. The method of wherein the reactive coating comprises a catalytic coating.4. The method of wherein the reactive coating comprises a biofilm.5. The method of wherein the substrate has previously been used as part of a reactive component.6. The method of further comprising applying spacers to the substrate.710-. (canceled)11. An apparatus for continuously producing a catalytic surface comprising:a first reel for accommodating a coiled substrate at a first end of the apparatus;a second reel for accommodating a treated coiled substrate at a second end of the apparatus;a rotary engine for moving the coiled substrate from the first reel to the second reel; andan element for depositing a reactive substance.12. The apparatus of wherein the element for depositing the reactive substance ...

Specialized Immobilization Media

A genre of media is presented for use with a reactor vessel and for the purpose of immobilizing small particles, often catalytic in nature. The media can include a number of ferromagnetic active wafers stacked together and separated by non-ferromagnetic separator portions, such that when in the presence of a magnetic field and magnetic-particle-containing fluid, at least some of the gaps between active wafers captures and suspends magnetic particles.

MICROCHEMICAL SYSTEM APPARATUS AND RELATED METHODS OF FABRICATION

The disclosure relates to microchemical (or microfluidic) apparatus as well as related methods for making the same. The methods generally include partial sintering of sintering powder (e.g., binderless or otherwise free-flowing sintering powder) that encloses a fugitive phase material having a shape corresponding to a desired cavity structure in the formed apparatus. Partial sintering removes the fugitive phase and produces a porous compact, which can then be machined if desired and then further fully sintered to form the final apparatus. The process can produce apparatus with small, controllable cavities shaped as desired for various microchemical or microfluidic unit operations, with a generally smooth interior cavity finish, and with materials (e.g., ceramics) able to withstand harsh environments for such unit operations. 120-. (canceled)21. A microchemical apparatus comprising:a fully sintered metal oxide body comprising an interior cavity within the body; the interior cavity has a minimum dimension in a range from 1 μm to 1000 μm; and', 'the interior cavity has a surface roughness of 20 μm or less., 'wherein22. The microchemical apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the fully sintered metal oxide body has a density of at least 80% relative to the theoretical density of the metal oxide.23. The microchemical apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the interior cavity is fully enclosed by the fully sintered metal oxide body.24. The microchemical apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the interior cavity is partially enclosed by the fully sintered metal oxide body. Priority is claimed to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/378,932 filed Aug. 24, 2016, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.None.The disclosure relates to relates to microchemical (or microfluidic) apparatus as well as related methods for making the same. The methods generally include partial sintering of sintering powder, removal of a fugitive phase material within the powder to create internal ...

REGENERATION OF CATALYST

A catalyst is regenerated by an inventive process using a heat exchange fluid such as superheated steam to remove heat during the process relying on efficient heat transfer (e.g., enabled by the microchannel reactor construction) in comparison with prior art heat exchange relying on a phase change, e.g. between water and (partial or complete vaporization) steam, allows simplification of the protocols to enable transition at higher temperatures between steps which translates in reduced duration of the regeneration process and avoids potential water hammering risks. 2. The process according to wherein step a) is initiated upon cool-down of the reactor from synthesis (eg FT synthesis) mode to a transition temperature of approximately 170° C. for an optional nitrogen purge and the introduction of the hydrogen containing gas.3. The process according to or wherein in step a) the temperature of the catalyst bed claim 1 , of the reactor and/or of the dewaxing gas stream is raised to a temperature of 250° C. to 400° C. claim 1 , preferably to 330° C. to 380° C. claim 1 , more preferably 340° C. to 360° C. and kept at or near (preferably within 15° C. of) that holding temperature for a period of one hour to 24 hours claim 1 , preferably 10 to 20 hours claim 1 , more preferably 10 to 15 hours.5. A process in accordance with for the regeneration of a hydrocarbon processing catalyst in situ in a microchannel reactor provided with heat exchange channels.6. The process according to any one of to wherein the heat exchange fluid is steam.7. The process according to any one of to wherein the catalyst is a metal based catalyst claim 4 , for example a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst claim 4 , such as a cobalt or iron-containing catalyst.8. The process according to any one of to wherein the catalyst is disposed on a porous support.9. The process according to any one of to wherein the temperature of each gas stream is controlled by heat exchange fluid flowing through the heat exchange channels ...

FLOW REACTOR SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS

A flow reactor system and methods having tubing useful as polymerization chamber. The flow reactor has at least one inlet and at least one mixing chamber, and an outlet. The method includes providing two phases, an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase and forming an emulsion for introduction into the flow reactor. 1. A method for polymerizing one or more monomers for producing a polymer salt comprising:introducing, using a fluid flow control device, a reactant composition comprising an aqueous monomer solution of the one or more monomers and a non-aqueous solution into a mixing chamber;emulsifying the reactant composition in the mixing chamber;controlling a flow of the reactant composition that was emulsified into an amount of tubing via an inlet port of the amount of tubing;controlling a temperature of at least a portion of the amount of tubing;polymerizing the one or more monomers; andforming, in the amount of tubing, a polymer salt from the one or more monomers that were polymerized.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein introducing claim 1 , using a fluid flow control device claim 1 , a reactant composition comprising an aqueous monomer solution of the one or more monomers and a non-aqueous solution into a mixing chamber comprises using an aqueous monomer fluid flow control device and a non-aqueous fluid flow control device.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing a catalyst and the reactant composition that was emulsified in the mixing chamber into a second mixing chamber.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing an organic solvent to the amount of tubing to recover the polymer salt.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising flushing the amount to tubing with water prior to introducing the organic solvent to recover the polymer salt.6. A method for continuous flow synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) salt claim 1 , comprising:introducing, using a fluid flow control device, a reactant composition comprising an aqueous aniline solution ...

CONTINUOUS ACOUSTIC CHEMICAL MICROREACTOR

A continuous acoustic chemical microreactor system is disclosed. The system includes a continuous process vessel (CPV) and an acoustic agitator coupled to the CPV and configured to agitate the CPV along an oscillation axis. The CPV includes a reactant inlet configured to receive one or more reactants into the CPV, an elongated tube coupled at a first end to the reactant inlet and configured to receive the reactants from the reactant inlet, and a product outlet coupled to a second end of the elongated tube and configured to discharge a product of a chemical reaction among the reactants from the CPV. The acoustic agitator is configured to agitate the CPV along the oscillation axis such that the inner surface of the elongated tube accelerates the one or more reactants in alternating upward and downward directions along the oscillation axis. 1. A method of continuously processing a combination of materials in a chemical microreactor , the method comprising:introducing, via a reactant inlet, one or more reactants into an elongated tube coupled at a first end to the reactant inlet and configured to receive the reactants from the reactant inlet, wherein the elongated tube has an inner surface having a hydraulic diameter of less than 2.5 cm;agitating, using an acoustic agitator coupled to the continuous process vessel, the continuous process vessel along the oscillation axis at a frequency greater than 10 Hz and less than 100 Hz such that the inner surface of the elongated tube accelerates the one or more reactants in alternating upward and downward directions along the oscillation axis; anddischarging, from a product outlet coupled to a second end of the elongated tube, a product of a chemical reaction among the reactants from the continuous process vessel.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising:introducing, via a coolant inlet, a cooling fluid into an interstitial region within the continuous process vessel and surrounding the elongated tube, the interstitial region ...

MICROCHEMICAL CHIP AND REACTION DEVICE

A simple and compact microchemical chip has a fine flow path formed therein through which a specimen is made to flow; is break resistance; makes it possible to flow the fluid sample to the flow path; makes it possible to analyze a useful substance and cause it to react; and can be produced with a high yield. A microchemical chip includes: a rubber sheet having a penetrated flow path which chemically reacts a pressurized fluid sample selected from a specimen and a reagent by flowing thereinto; substrate sheets which sandwich the rubber sheet and bond to both faces thereof by direct bond or by chemical bond through a silane-coupling agent and are selected from metal, ceramics, glass, and resin; and a hole for injecting the fluid sample into the flow path and a hole for draining the fluid sample flowed therefrom which are opened into the substrate sheet. 1. A microchemical chip comprising:a rubber sheet having a penetrated flow path which chemically reacts a pressurized fluid sample selected from a specimen and a reagent by flowing thereinto;substrate sheets which sandwich the rubber sheet and bond to both faces thereof by direct bond or by chemical bond through a silane-coupling agent and are selected from the group consisting of metal, ceramics, glass, and resin; anda hole for injecting the fluid sample into the flow path and a hole for draining the fluid sample flowed therefrom which are opened into the substrate sheet.2. The microchemical chip according to claim 1 , wherein the rubber sheet and the substrate sheets are bonded by the chemical bond which is formed under conditions of reduced pressure and/or pressurization.3. The microchemical chip according to claim 1 , wherein the rubber sheet and the substrate sheets are bonded by the chemical bond which is formed under conditions of pressurization and/or heating after reduced pressure condition.4. The microchemical chip according to claim 1 , wherein the rubber sheet and/or the substrate sheet are given an active ...

Reactor incorporating a heat exchanger

A reactor containing a heat exchanger is disclosed, which can be operated with co-current or counter-current flow. Also disclosed is a system that includes a reactor having a reformer and a vaporizer, a fuel supply, and a water supply. The reactor includes a source of combustion gas, a reformer operative to receive reformate, and a vaporizer operative to receive water. The reformer and vaporizer each include a stack assembly formed by a combination of separator shims and channel shims. The separator shims and channel shims are stacked in a regular pattern to form two sets of channels within the stack assembly. One set of channels will have vertical passageways at either end and a horizontal flowpath between them, while the other set of channels has only a horizontal flowpath.

EXCHANGER-REACTOR PERFORMING STEAM REFORMING AND WATER GAS REACTIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

The invention relates to an exchanger-reactor comprising at least three stages with at least one stage comprising both: millimetric channels at least partially covered with a catalyst for stimulating a steam reforming reaction, and millimetric channels at least partially covered with a catalyst for stimulating a water gas reaction. 111.-. (canceled)12. An exchanger-reactor comprising at least three stages with at least one stage comprising both:millimetric channels covered at least partially with a catalyst suitable for promoting a steam-reforming reaction, andmillimetric channels covered at least partially with a catalyst suitable for promoting a water-gas shift reaction.13. The exchanger-reactor of claim 12 , wherein the exchanger-reactor comprises a superposition of the following three stages:at least one first stage comprising a first zone of millimetric channels enabling the circulation of a fluid at a temperature above 700° C. in order to provide at least some of the heat needed for a steam-reforming reaction and a second zone of millimetric channels enabling the circulation of a fluid at a temperature below 650° C., in order to recover at least some of the heat generated by a water-gas shift reaction;at least one second stage comprising a first zone of millimetric channels covered at least partially with a catalyst suitable for promoting a steam-reforming reaction and second zone of millimetric channels covered at least partially with at least one catalyst suitable for promoting a water-gas shift reaction; andat least one third stage comprising a first zone of millimetric channels enabling the circulation of the synthesis gas obtained by the steam-reforming reaction in order to recover some of the heat needed for the steam-reforming reaction and a second zone of millimetric channels enabling the circulation of a fluid at a temperature below 650° C., in order to recover at least some of the heat generated by the water-gas shift reaction.14. The exchanger- ...

Systems and methods for synthesizing chemical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients

Systems and methods for synthesizing chemical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, are provided. Certain of the systems and methods described herein are capable of manufacturing multiple chemical products without the need to fluidically connect or disconnect unit operations when switching from one making chemical product to making another chemical product.

MULTILAYER HYDRODYNAMIC SHEATH FLOW STRUCTURE

A microfabricated sheath flow structure for producing a sheath flow includes a primary sheath flow channel for conveying a sheath fluid, a sample inlet for injecting a sample into the sheath fluid in the primary sheath flow channel, a primary focusing region for focusing the sample within the sheath fluid and a secondary focusing region for providing additional focusing of the sample within the sheath fluid. The secondary focusing region may be formed by a flow channel intersecting the primary sheath flow channel to inject additional sheath fluid into the primary sheath flow channel from a selected direction. A sheath flow system may comprise a plurality of sheath flow structures operating in parallel on a microfluidic chip. 1. A sheath flow structure for suspending a particle in a sheath fluid , comprising:a primary sheath flow channel for conveying a sheath fluid;a sample inlet for injecting a particle into the sheath fluid conveyed through the primary sheath flow channel;a primary focusing region for focusing the sheath fluid around the particle in at least a first direction; anda secondary focusing region provided downstream of the primary focusing region for focusing the sheath fluid around the particle in at least a second direction different from the first direction.242-. (canceled) The present invention is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/269,556, filed Sep. 19, 2016, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/968,962, filed Aug. 16, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,446,912, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/179,084, filed Jul. 8, 2011 and now U.S. Pat. No. 8,529,161, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/610,753, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,997,831, entitled “Multilayer Hydrodynamic Sheath Flow Structure” and filed Nov. 2, 2009, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/998,557, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,611,309, entitled “Multilayer Hydrodynamic ...

REACTOR INCORPORATING A HEAT EXCHANGER

A reactor containing a heat exchanger is disclosed, which can be operated with co-current or counter-current flow. Also disclosed is a system that includes a reactor having a reformer and a vaporizer, a fuel supply, and a water supply. The reactor includes a source of combustion gas, a reformer operative to receive reformate, and a vaporizer operative to receive water. The reformer and vaporizer each include a stack assembly formed by a combination of separator shims and channel shims. The separator shims and channel shims are stacked in a regular pattern to form two sets of channels within the stack assembly. One set of channels will have vertical passageways at either end and a horizontal flowpath between them, while the other set of channels has only a horizontal flowpath. 1. A heat exchanger , comprising:a first channel having a flowpath, a first wall, a second wall opposite the first wall, an inlet manifold at a first end, and an outlet manifold at a second opposite end, the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold running orthogonal to the flowpath, and a mixing manifold within the first channel running orthogonal to the flowpath, wherein the first channel comprises a plurality of first micro-channels and the mixing manifold permits vertical mixing between first micro-channels; anda second channel having a flowpath parallel to the flowpath of the first channel, the first channel and the second channel being separated by the first wall.2. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , further comprising a fin extending from the second channel into the first channel claim 1 , the fin passing through the first wall and extending to the second wall;3. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of a first micro-channel width to a first micro-channel height is from 2:1 to 20:1.4. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the second channel comprises a plurality of second micro-channels.5. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is formed from a channel shim ...

LAMINATED, LEAK-RESISTANT CHEMICAL PROCESSORS, METHODS OF MAKING, AND METHODS OF OPERATING

The invention provides methods of making laminated devices (especially microchannel devices) in which plates are assembled and welded together. Unlike conventional microchannel devices, the inventive laminated devices can be made without brazing or diffusion bonding; thus providing significant advantages for manufacturing. Features such as expansion joints and external welded supports are also described. Laminated devices and methods of conducting unit operations in laminated devices are also described. 121-. (canceled)22. A pressure-resistant substrate assembly , comprising:a welded laminate configured such that, during operation, flow of fluids through the laminate is primarily perpendicular to sheet thickness;wherein the laminate comprises a first layer adjacent to a second layer and a periphery around the first and second layers;wherein the periphery is perpendicular to sheet thickness;wherein the first layer comprises microchannels and wherein the second layer comprises channels and seals along the periphery, wherein the seals hold a differential pressure of more than 100 psig between the first layer and the second layer; andwherein the seals are not diffusion bonded or brazed.23. The pressure-resistant substrate assembly of wherein the seals hold a differential pressure of more than 500 psig between the first layer and the second layer.24. A welded pressure-resistant substrate assembly claim 22 , comprising:a plurality of channels that are sealed welding;wherein the sealing is not the result of polymeric gaskets, brazing, or diffusion bonding;and having a leak rate of less than 10 sccm nitrogen when pressurized with nitrogen gas at 100 psig and room temperature.25. The welded pressure-resistant substrate assembly of having a leak rate of less than 11 sccm nitrogen when pressurized with nitrogen gas at 100 psig and room temperature.25. The welded pressure-resistant substrate assembly of wherein the assembly comprises a plurality of sheets in a stack claim 24 , ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR SYNTEHSIZING BIOPOLYMERS

The present disclosure provides an apparatus for synthesizing a biopolymer, a method for preparing an apparatus for synthesizing a biopolymer, and a method of synthesizing a biopolymer. The apparatus comprises (a) a substrate comprising a top surface and a plurality of wells, wherein each of the plurality of wells comprises a first electrode disposed on the bottom of the well and a linker attached to the sides of the well; and (b) a fluidic chamber system disposed on the top surface of the substrate. 1. An apparatus for synthesizing a biopolymer , the apparatus comprising:(a) a substrate comprising a passivized top surface and a plurality of wells, wherein each of the plurality of wells comprises a first electrode disposed on the bottom of the well and a linker attached to the sides of the well; and(b) a fluidic chamber system disposed on the top surface of the substrate.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the distance between a first well and a second well is about 1 to about 500 μm.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the well is about 1 to about 200 μm.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is selected from glass claim 1 , sputtered SiO claim 1 , PECVD claim 1 , SiOand the like.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the depth of the well is from about 500 nm to about 500 um.6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the depth of the well is from about 1 to 10 μm.7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrode comprises a material selected from gold claim 1 , iridium claim 1 , palladium or platinum.8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the linker comprises a hydroxy functionalized silane.9. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the linker is (N-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)-4-hydroxybutyramide.10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidic chamber system comprises polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).115010. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein ...

FLOW REACTOR SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS

A flow reactor system and methods having tubing useful as polymerization chamber. The flow reactor has at least one inlet and at least one mixing chamber, and an outlet. The method includes providing two phases, an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase and forming an emulsion for introduction into the flow reactor. 1. A system for continuous flow , diffusion-limited synthesis of a conductive polymer salt comprising:a mixing chamber configured to form an emulsified reactant composition;one or more amounts of tubing disposed to receive the emulsified reactant composition from the mixing chamber, wherein the one or more amounts of tubing are configured to provide diffusion-limiting conditions within the one or more amounts of tubing to polymerize a monomer of the emulsified reactant composition to form the conductive polymer salt in the one or more amounts of tubing; anda fluid line coupled to each of the one or more amounts of tubing configured to introduce a collection medium into the one or more amounts of tubing.2. The system for continuous flow claim 1 , diffusion-limited synthesis of a conductive polymer salt of wherein the one or more amounts of tubing are arranged in a coiled configuration.3. The system for continuous flow claim 1 , diffusion-limited synthesis of a conductive polymer salt of wherein the one or more amounts of tubing are arranged in a planar configuration comprising a plurality of curved portions.4. The system for continuous flow claim 1 , diffusion-limited synthesis of a conductive polymer salt of wherein the one or more amounts of tubing are coupled in a parallel configuration.5. The system for continuous flow claim 1 , diffusion-limited synthesis of a conductive polymer salt of wherein the one or more amounts of tubing are coupled in a series configuration.6. The system for continuous flow claim 1 , diffusion-limited synthesis of a conductive polymer salt of further comprising another mixing chamber configured to form the emulsified reactant ...

CATALYST SUPPORT STRUCTURE, CATALYST INCLUDING THE STRUCTURE, REACTOR INCLUDING A CATALYST, AND METHODS OF FORMING SAME

Structures, catalysts, and reactors suitable for use for a variety of applications, including gasto-liquid and coal-to-liquid processes and methods of forming the structures, catalysts, and reactors are disclosed. The catalyst material can be deposited onto an inner wall of a microtubular reactor and/or onto porous tungsten support structures using atomic layer deposition techniques. 1. A method of forming a tungsten support structure , the method comprising the steps of:providing a polymer support structure;depositing tungsten overlying the polymer support structure using atomic layer deposition; andoptionally exposing the polymer support structure to a calcination process to remove the polymer support structure and thereby form the tungsten support structure.2. The method of forming a tungsten support structure of claim 1 , wherein the tungsten is deposited directly onto the polymer support.3. The method of forming a tungsten support structure of claim 1 , further comprising the step of depositing an oxide overlying the polymer support structure claim 1 , prior to the step of depositing.4. The method of forming a tungsten support structure of claim 1 , wherein the calcination process comprises exposing the polymer support to ammonia.5. The method of forming a tungsten support structure of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:depositing one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, NiPt, Rh, Ru, Pd, Os, V, Fe, and Mn, using atomic layer deposition onto the tungsten support.6. The method of forming a tungsten support structure of claim 1 , wherein the method comprises the calcination process claim 1 , which comprises exposing the polymer support structure to ammonia.7. A microtubular reactor system comprising:one or more microtubes, each microtube comprising an interior wall, wherein tungsten is deposited onto the interior wall using atomic layer deposition, and wherein a metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, NiPt, Rh, Ru, Pd, Os ...

Microscale Chemical Reactors

A catalytic microscale reactor with spiral reactor geometry may have a high surface area to volume ratio, high catalytic surface area, high heat transfer surface area, long residence time, and high single pass conversion. The catalytic surface may be treated with micro sphere spacer particles which serve to maintain the space between them at an engineered distance without the need for precise manufacturing techniques. The design of the reactor may allow for a catalyst surface to be removed, uncoiled, refurbished, and recoiled in an automated continuous process. An automated continuous process may be suitable both for initially preparing a new catalytic surface as well as refurbishing a fouled catalytic surface and may the time and cost to prepare a new surface. 1. A method of producing a reactive component comprising continuously feeding a substrate past a first processing apparatus , wherein the first processing apparatus deposits a reactive substance on the substrate.2. The method of further comprising continuously feeding the substrate past a second processing apparatus claim 1 , wherein the second processing apparatus prepares a surface of the substrate to receive the reactive substance.3. The method of wherein the reactive coating comprises a catalytic coating.4. The method of wherein the reactive coating comprises a biofilm.5. The method of wherein the substrate has previously been used as part of a reactive component.6. The method of further comprising applying spacers to the substrate.7. A method of continuously producing a catalytic surface comprising:obtaining a metallic substrate rolled into a first coil;placing the coil onto a first real;rolling the metallic substrate through a first phase which sands the surface of the metallic substrate;rolling the metallic substrate through a second phase cleaning the surface of the metallic substrate;rolling the metallic substrate through a third phase depositing spacer particles onto the surface of the metallic ...

INDUCTIVELY HEATED MICROCHANNEL REACTOR

The current document is directed to an efficient multi-channel chemical reactor having a multichannel core containing a plurality of parallel channels, with conductive walls, having a varying composition along their lengths. The channels are heated by a frequency-addressing different regions within the reactor with an inductive coil, driven by an agile frequency or spread spectrum emission controller. 1. A chemical reactor comprising a plurality of channels through a core , having a plurality of regions having respectively different frequency-dependent inductive coupling characteristics to an externally applied oscillating magnetic field.2. The chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the core comprises a conductive metal having a heterogeneous composition as a function of position.3. The chemical reactor according to claim 2 , wherein at least one first portion of the core comprises at least one region which is subject to Joule heating but not hysteresis heating claim 2 , and at least one second portion which is subject to hysteresis heating.4. The chemical reactor according to claim 1 , comprising at least one conductive loop having a resonant coupling frequency.5. The chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the core comprises steel.6. The chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the core comprises copper.7. The chemical reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the core comprises at least one first region comprising principally steel and at least one second region comprising principally copper.8. The chemical reactor according to claim 1 , in combination with an inductive coil claim 1 , configured to inductively heat the core by generating the oscillating magnetic field when excited by a corresponding electrical signal.9. The chemical reactor according to claim 8 , in combination with a controller configured to generate the corresponding electrical signal claim 8 , having at least two different frequencies of emission representing at least two ...

CORONA DISCHARGE REACTOR AND METHOD FOR USING

Disclosed microreactors operate in an electrical discharge mode, such as a pulse mode, an arc mode or a corona discharge mode, and most preferably in a corona discharge mode. A microreactor may comprise multiple, simultaneously operating corona discharges. The microreactor typically has at least one feature measured on a millimeter scale. Certain disclosed microreactors comprised multiple reactor plates in a stack. Each plate comprised plural corona discharge electrodes positioned in series along each of plural corresponding microchannels. A method for using disclosed microreactors and systems comprising disclosed microreactors, such as for chemical transformations, fluid purifications, or both, also is disclosed. 1. A microreactor configured to produce a corona discharge.2. The microreactor of claim 1 , further comprising:one or more emitter electrodes and one or more counter electrodes having a fluid channel therebetween, wherein the channel is configured such that one or more reactants flowing through the channel flow perpendicularly with respect to the one or more emitter electrodes and the one or more counter electrodes, the emitter and counter electrodes configured to produce plural, simultaneously operating corona discharges; anda DC power source coupled to the reactor and controlled by a power source control unit.3. The microreactor of claim 2 , wherein the emitter electrodes are needle tip electrodes and the counter electrodes are plate electrodes claim 2 , and wherein the electrodes comprise a material selected from a group consisting of a metal claim 2 , a metal alloy claim 2 , a super alloy claim 2 , a semiconductor claim 2 , or combinations thereof.4. The microreactor of claim 2 , wherein the channel has a width of no more than 500 μm.5. The microreactor of claim 2 , wherein the DC power source comprises one or more in-line ballast resistors.6. The microreactor of claim 2 , configured to produce 2 to 100 simultaneously operating corona discharges.7. The ...

Micro-Reactor System Assembly

A micro-reactor system assembly comprises a stack of at least n process modules (-), wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, made from a rigid first material and comprising at least one reactive fluid passage (A, B, A, A, A) for accommodating and guiding a reactive fluid, and at least n+1 heat exchange modules () made from a ductile second material other than said first material and comprising at least one heat exchange fluid passage (A, A) for accommodating and guiding a heat exchange fluid, wherein each process module (-) is sandwiched between two adjacent heat exchange modules (). 2. A micro-reactor system assembly according to claim 1 , whereinsaid first material is resistant to corrosion and pressure and is selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, hastelloy, tungsten, tantalum, titanium, ceramics, graphite and/or a combination of one or more of said first materials; andsaid second material is heat conducting and is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, copper alloys, silver and silver alloys and/or a combination of one or more of said second materials.3. A micro-reactor assembly according to claim 1 , wherein said second material deforms when pressed against said at least n process modules for providing a fluid-tight seal between each heat exchange module and each process module at a contacting surface of each heat exchange module adjacent each heat exchange fluid inlet port and each heat exchange fluid outlet port.4. A micro-reactor assembly according to claim 3 , wherein said second material elastically deforms under pressure.5. A micro-reactor assembly according to claim 3 , wherein said second material plastically deforms under pressure.6. A micro-reactor assembly according to claim 1 , wherein each process module further comprises a heat exchange fluid connection passage in fluid communication with said heat exchange fluid inlet port of one of said two adjacent heat exchange modules and is in ...

A glass lined metal micro-reactor

The invention discloses a glass lined metal micro-reactor with enhanced heat transfer efficiency in continuous flow operation. More particularly, the invention discloses a glass lined micro-reactor that can be reassembled. The invention provides a novel glass lined metal micro-reactor with micro fluidic channels that provide a better mixing, better heat exchange, and better temperature control. The micro fluidic channels machined in the glass lined metal reactor/mixer may be straight, curved, lamellar, flower shaped, or spiral such that the cross sectional area of the micro fluidic channel is configured to suit the cross sectional area of the micro-reactor.

FLOW REACTOR SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS

A flow reactor system and methods having tubing useful as polymerization chamber. The flow reactor has at least one inlet and at least one mixing chamber, and an outlet. The method includes providing two phases, an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase and forming an emulsion for introduction into the flow reactor. 120-. (canceled)21. A method comprisingintroducing an emulsion of an aqueous solution of monomer and an organic solvent solution of acid into a flow reactor, the flow reactor comprising a length of tubing having an inner diameter;polymerizing the monomer under a diffusion-limiting condition within the length of tubing; andforming a salt of the polymerized monomer with the acid within the length of tubing.22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising introducing a catalyst to the emulsion.23. The method of claim 21 , further comprising introducing a catalyst to the flow reactor.24. The method of further comprising maintaining the salt of the polymerized monomer in the length of tubing.25. The method of claim 24 , further comprising recovering the salt of the polymerized monomer from the tubing.26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the recovering of the salt of the polymerized monomer from the tubing is with organic solvent.27. The method of claim 21 , further comprising maintaining the polymerized acid salt in the length of tubing and removing unreacted monomer or the acid from the tubing with water.28. The method of claim 21 , wherein the length of tubing is coiled.29. The method of claim 21 , wherein the tubing is a fluoropolymer.30. The method of claim 21 , wherein the flow reactor comprises a plurality of tubing arranged in a parallel flow configuration.31. The method of claim 21 , wherein the monomer is an aniline or a thiophene.32. The method of claim 21 , wherein the acid is an organic acid selected from polystyrene sulfonate or dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid.33. A method comprising;introducing an emulsion of an aqueous solution of aniline and an ...

Scalable chemical reactor and method of operation thereof

A photovoltaic apparatus comprising: at least one photovoltaic surface electrically connected to a set of photovoltaic electrodes; and a chemical reactor electrically connected to the set of photovoltaic electrodes. The chemical reactor enables N pairwise fluid contacts among k chemical fluids, with k≥2 and N≥4 and comprises: a reaction layer extending in a plane subtended by two directions; N chemical cells, each including two circuit portions, designed for enabling circulation of two of the k chemical fluids, respectively, the two circuit portions intersecting each other, thereby enabling one pairwise fluid contact for the two of the k chemical fluids; and a fluid distribution circuit comprising: k sets of inlet orifices sequentially alternating along lines parallel to one of the two directions; and k sets of outlet orifices sequentially alternating along lines parallel to the inlet orifices, and wherein, each circuit portion connects an inlet orifice to an outlet orifice.

REACTOR SYSTEM FOR CONTINUOUS FLOW REACTIONS

The invention relates to a reactor system for continuous flow reactions that comprises at least two blocks (), two interlayers () and a contact pressure device, and at least one inlet () and one outlet (), wherein the first block (), the interlayers () and the second block () form a stacked arrangement fixed by the contact pressure device and, in the reactor system, at least one interlayer comprises a sealing layer () and one interlayer comprises channel structure element () comprising a reaction channel, wherein the inlet () is functionally connected to the inlet side of the reaction channel and the outlet () to the outlet side of the reaction channel, and the stacked arrangement is detachable. 115.-. (canceled)16. A reactor system for continuous flow reactions that comprises at least two blocks , two interlayers and a contact pressure device , and at least one inlet and one outlet , wherein the first block , the interlayers and the second block form a stacked arrangement fixed by the contact pressure device and , in the reactor system , at least one interlayer comprises a sealing layer and one interlayer comprises channel structure element comprising a reaction channel , wherein the reaction channel of the channel structure element takes a meandering course and the diameter of the reaction channel is in the range of 50-2500 μm and the depth of the reaction channel in the range of 10-1500 μm , and wherein the inlet is functionally connected to the inlet side of the reaction channel and the outlet to the outlet side of the reaction channel , and the stacked arrangement is detachable.17. The reactor system for continuous flow reactions according to claim 16 , wherein a catalyst foil is disposed between the sealing layer and the channel structure element.18. The reactor system for continuous flow reactions according to claim 16 , wherein one of the blocks claim 16 , on the contact side with the opposing block claim 16 , has an elevation or the shape of a die with a ...

MULTILAYER HYDRODYNAMIC SHEATH FLOW STRUCTURE

A microfabricated sheath flow structure for producing a sheath flow includes a primary sheath flow channel for conveying a sheath fluid, a sample inlet for injecting a sample into the sheath fluid in the primary sheath flow channel, a primary focusing region for focusing the sample within the sheath fluid and a secondary focusing region for providing additional focusing of the sample within the sheath fluid. The secondary focusing region may be formed by a flow channel intersecting the primary sheath flow channel to inject additional sheath fluid into the primary sheath flow channel from a selected direction. A sheath flow system may comprise a plurality of sheath flow structures operating in parallel on a microfluidic chip. 1. A microfabricated sheath flow structure for suspending a stream of particles in a sheath fluid , comprising:a primary sheath flow channel for conveying a sheath fluid, wherein the primary sheath flow channel has a width and a height;a sample inlet intersecting the primary sheath flow channel at a sample injection site for injecting a stream of particles into the sheath fluid conveyed through the primary sheath flow channel;a primary focusing region downstream of the sample injection site that focuses the stream of particles in at least a vertical direction; anda secondary focusing region downstream of the primary focusing region that focuses the stream particles in at least a horizontal direction.2. The microfabricated sheath flow structure of claim 1 , wherein the primary focusing region further focuses in a horizontal direction.3. The microfabricated sheath flow structure of claim 1 , wherein the secondary focusing region further focuses in a vertical direction.4. The microfabricated sheath flow structure of claim 1 , wherein a height of the primary sheath flow channel is reduced in the primary focusing region to produce the vertical focusing.5. The microfabricated sheath flow structure of claim 3 , wherein a height of the primary sheath ...

SYNTHESIS GAS CONVERSION PROCESS

The disclosed invention relates to a method for restarting a synthesis gas conversion process which has stopped. The synthesis gas conversion process may be conducted in a conventional reactor or a microchannel reactor. The synthesis gas conversion process may comprise a process for converting synthesis gas to methane, methanol or dimethyl ether. The synthesis gas conversion process may be a Fischer-Tropsch process. 123-. (canceled)24. A method for restarting a synthesis gas conversion process , wherein the synthesis gas conversion process comprises flowing synthesis gas into a reactor in contact with a synthesis gas conversion catalyst at a desired reaction temperature and pressure to produce a synthesis gas conversion product and flowing effluent comprising the synthesis gas conversion product out of the reactor , the method comprising:(A) stopping the flow of synthesis gas into the reactor;(B) flowing natural gas into the reactor to purge the reactor; and(C) restarting the flow of synthesis gas into the reactor.25. The method of wherein the synthesis gas comprises CO and prior to stopping the flow of synthesis gas into the reactor the conversion of CO is at a desired conversion value claim 24 , and after restarting the flow of synthesis gas into the reactor the conversion of CO at the desired conversion value is achieved within a time period of up to about 3 hours.2629-. (canceled)30. The method of wherein the reactor comprises a fixed bed reactor claim 24 , a fluidized bed reactor or a slurry phase reactor.31. The method of wherein the reactor comprises a conventional reactor.32. The method of wherein the reactor comprises a microchannel reactor.33. The method of wherein the synthesis gas conversion process comprises a process for converting synthesis gas to methane.34. The method of wherein the synthesis gas conversion process comprises a process for converting synthesis gas to methanol or dimethyl ether.35. The method of wherein the synthesis gas conversion ...

INTEGRATED MICROCHANNEL SYNTHESIS AND SEPARATION

An integrated microchannel reactor and heat exchanger comprising: (a) a waveform sandwiched between opposing shim sheets and mounted to the shim sheets to form a series of microchannels, where each microchannel includes a pair of substantially straight side walls, and a top wall formed by at least one of the opposing shim sheets, and (b) a first set of microchannels in thermal communication with the waveform, where the waveform has an aspect ratio greater than two. 1147-. (canceled)148. An integrated microchannel reactor and heat exchanger comprising:a copper corrugated insert sandwiched between opposing steel shim sheets and mounted to the steel shim sheets to form a series of consecutive microchannels, where each microchannel includes a pair of straight side walls, and a top wall formed by at least one of the opposing steel shim sheets; andFischer-Tropsch catalyst particles housed within a first series of microchannels; at least a plurality of the consecutive microchannels includes an aspect ratio greater than one and one-half; and', 'said first set of microchannels is in thermal communication with the copper corrugated insert., 'wherein149. The integrated microchannel reactor and heat exchanger of claim 148 , wherein the copper corrugated insert is fabricated to include right angles so that the series of microchannels have rectangular cross-sections.150. The integrated microchannel reactor and heat exchanger of claim 148 , wherein:the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles comprises a plurality of particles sized less than 500 microns; andthe plurality of particles within the consecutive microchannels comprise a series of parallel packed beds.151. The integrated microchannel reactor and heat exchanger of claim 148 , wherein the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles comprises a plurality of particles sized less than 300 microns.152. The integrated microchannel reactor and heat exchanger of claim 148 , wherein the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles comprises a plurality ...

Fluid flow-passage device

Provided is a fluid flow-passage device in which the flow passage length of each of a plurality of fluid flow-passages can be increased even if the plurality of fluid flow-passages are formed so as to extend in parallel to each other, and in which the inside of each of the plurality of fluid flow-passages can be easily cleaned. In the fluid flow-passage device, a plurality of fluid flow-passages which extend in parallel to each other and through which a fluid is made to flow are disposed. The fluid flow-passage device comprises: a body having a plurality of substrates that are laminated in a prescribed lamination direction; and a plurality of lids, each of which can be attached to and detached from the body. Each of the plurality of fluid flow-passages includes: a first fluid flow-passage that is disposed between two substrates among the plurality of substrates, the two substrates being in contact with each other in the lamination direction; and a second fluid flow-passage that is disposed between two substrates among the plurality of substrates, the two substrates being in contact with each other in the lamination direction and being disposed at a different position in the lamination direction from the first fluid flow-passage, and that is positioned more toward the downstream side than the first fluid flow-passage in the direction in which the fluid flows.

Synthesis gas conversion process

The disclosed invention relates to a method for restarting a synthesis gas conversion process which has stopped. The synthesis gas conversion process may be conducted in a conventional reactor or a microchannel reactor. The synthesis gas conversion process may comprise a process for converting synthesis gas to methane, methanol or dimethyl ether. The synthesis gas conversion process may be a Fischer-Tropsch process.

Countercurrent heat exchanger/reactor

Counter-flow heat exchanger is constructed with plenums at either end that separate the opposing fluids, the channels of which are arrayed in a checkerboard patterns, such that any given channel is surrounded by channels of opposing streams on four sides—laterally on both sides and vertically above and below.

SYNTHESIS GAS CONVERSION PROCESS

The disclosed invention relates to a method for restarting a synthesis gas conversion process which has stopped. The synthesis gas conversion process may be conducted in a conventional reactor or a microchannel reactor. The synthesis gas conversion process may comprise a process for converting synthesis gas to methane, methanol or dimethyl ether. The synthesis gas conversion process may be a Fischer-Tropsch process. 1102-. (canceled)103. A method for restarting a synthesis gas conversion process , wherein the synthesis gas conversion process comprises flowing synthesis gas into a reactor in contact with a synthesis gas conversion catalyst at a desired reaction temperature and pressure to produce a synthesis gas product and flowing effluent comprising the synthesis gas conversion product out of the reactor , the method comprising:(A) stopping the flow of the synthesis gas into the reactor;(B) flowing hydrogen or natural gas into the reactor to purge the reactor; and(C) restarting the flow of synthesis gas into the reactor.104. The method of wherein the reactor is a conventional reactor.105. The method of wherein the reactor is a microchannel reactor.106. The method of wherein prior to step (A) the pressure within the reactor is at a pre-stoppage pressure claim 103 , and during step (A) the pressure within the reactor is reduced to a level lower than the pre-stoppage pressure claim 103 , and prior to step (B) the pressure within the reactor is increased to the pre-stoppage pressure.107. The method of wherein the catalyst is rejuvenated using hydrogen during step (B).108. The method of wherein during step (B) hydrogen flows into the reactor in contact with the catalyst at a temperature of up to 400° C. claim 103 , then air flows into the reactor in contact with the catalyst at a temperature in the range from 70° C. to 350° C. for a period of time in the range from 1 to 24 hours claim 103 , then hydrogen flows into the reactor in contact with the catalyst at a ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SYNTHESIZING CHEMICAL PRODUCTS, INCLUDING ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS

Systems and methods for synthesizing chemical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, are provided. Certain of the systems and methods described herein are capable of manufacturing multiple chemical products without the need to fluidically connect or disconnect unit operations when switching from one making chemical product to making another chemical product. 129-. (canceled)30. A method for producing chemical products , comprising:transporting a first fluid comprising a first chemical reactant through a first module comprising a chemical reactor and at least a second unit operation fluidically connected in parallel, and through a second module connected to the first module in series, the second module comprising at least one separator and at least a fourth unit operation fluidically connected in parallel, such that the first chemical reactant within the first fluid is reacted to form a first chemical product that is transported out of the second module; andsubsequently, transporting a second fluid comprising a second chemical reactant through the first module and the second module such that the second chemical reactant within the second fluid is reacted to form a second chemical product, without forming the first chemical product, such that the second chemical product is transported out of the second module; no additional unit operations are newly fluidically connected to the first and second modules between the steps of transporting the first fluid and transporting the second fluid, and', 'no unit operations are fluidically disconnected from the first and second modules between the steps of transporting the first fluid and transporting the second fluid., 'wherein31. The method of claim 30 , wherein transporting the first fluid through the separator comprises separating the first fluid into a first stream containing the first chemical product and a second stream containing a first chemical byproduct.32. The method of claim 30 , wherein the first and/ ...

Inductively heated microchannel reactor

The current document is directed to an efficient multi-channel chemical reactor having a multichannel core containing a plurality of parallel channels, with conductive walls, having a varying composition along their lengths. The channels are heated by a frequency-addressing different regions within the reactor with an inductive coil, driven by an agile frequency or spread spectrum emission controller.

Loading/Unloading of Particulates To/From Microchannel Reactors

The invention providing methods of loading and unloading particulate from micorchannels in apparatus that contains multiple microchannels, typically apparatus that is designed to operate with hundreds or thousands of particulate-containing microchannels. Aligning a sonicating head at one end of a set of microchannels provides a particularly effective mode for densifying particulate in microchannels.

METHODS USED IN MICRO-CHANNEL REACTORS WITH A TIED CATALYST AND A BOUND CATALYST OR BOUND CHIRAL TOOLS

Micro-reactor system

A micro-reactor system assembly comprises a stack of at least n process modules (1-6), wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, made from a rigid first material and comprising at least one reactive fluid passage (1A, 1B, 2A, 3A, 6A) for accommodating and guiding a reactive fluid, and at least n+1 heat exchange modules (7, 8) made from a ductile second material other than said first material and comprising at least one heat exchange fluid passage (7A, 8A) for accommodating and guiding a heat exchange fluid, wherein each process module (1-6) is sandwiched between two adjacent heat exchange modules (7, 8).

Fluidization and Solids Processing In Microchannel Devices

This invention describes gas-solid, liquid-solid and gas-solid-liquid processes in microchannels devices including such processes as heterogeneous catalysis, particle formation, particle attrition, particle separation and adsorption or desorption of selected species. Various processes can be enhanced by the unique properties of microchannels such as the predominance of laminar flow, high rates of shear, high rates of heat transfer and high rates of mass transfer. Also encompassed by this invention are methods for the introduction to and removal from microchannels of particle containing fluid streams.

使用微通道技术进行烷化或酰化反应的方法

在此公开的发明涉及一种方法，其包括：使包含反应物底物的第一反应物进料流(314)和包含烷化剂、酰化剂或其混合物的第二反应物进料流(342)，在工艺微通道(310)内流动，并彼此接触以形成包括至少一种烷化产物、至少一种酰化产物，或其混合物的产物(316)；将热量从工艺微通道传递至散热装置(320)；以及将产物(316)从工艺微通道中移出。

Processes for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons using microchannel reactor

A process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes may be thermally or catalytically reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide. Poly-brominated alkanes present in the alkyl bromides may be further reacted with methane over a suitable catalyst to form mono-brominated species. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide may then be reacted over a suitable catalyst at a temperature sufficient to form olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and hydrogen bromide. Various methods and reactions are disclosed to remove the hydrogen bromide from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, to generate bromine from the hydrogen bromide for use in the process, to store and subsequently release bromine for use in the process, and to selectively form mono-brominated alkanes in the bromination step. One or more of the reactions of the processes of the present invention may be conducted in a microchannel reactor.

Continuous acoustic chemical microreactor

A continuous acoustic chemical microreactor system is disclosed. The system includes a continuous process vessel (CPV) and an acoustic agitator coupled to the CPV and configured to agitate the CPV along an oscillation axis. The CPV includes a reactant inlet configured to receive one or more reactants into the CPV, an elongated tube coupled at a first end to the reactant inlet and configured to receive the reactants from the reactant inlet, and a product outlet coupled to a second end of the elongated tube and configured to discharge a product of a chemical reaction among the reactants from the CPV. The acoustic agitator is configured to agitate the CPV along the oscillation axis such that the inner surface of the elongated tube accelerates the one or more reactants in alternating upward and downward directions along the oscillation axis.

Microfluidic device and method with trapping of sample in cavities having lids that can be opened or closed

Method and arrangement ( 10, 20 ) for preparing samples ( 15, 27 ) submergible in a liquid medium. The arrangement includes a carrier structure ( 11 ). The carrier includes a device ( 13, 23 ) for controllable generation of a magnetic field through influence of a control signal to attract at least part of the at least first and second type of samples ( 15, 27 ) towards specific locations on the carrier when connected to a first control signal and to repel at least one of the first or second type of samples when connected to a second control signal.

Microfluidic device and method with trapping of sample in cavities having lids that can be opened or closed

Method and arrangement ( 10, 20 ) for preparing samples ( 15, 27 ) submergible in a liquid medium. The arrangement includes a carrier structure ( 11 ). The carrier includes a device ( 13, 23 ) for controllable generation of a magnetic field through influence of a control signal to attract at least part of the at least first and second type of samples ( 15, 27 ) towards specific locations on the carrier when connected to a first control signal and to repel at least one of the first or second type of samples when connected to a second control signal.

A system and a method for the implementation of chemical, biological or physical reactions

The invention relates to a system for the implementation of chemical, biological or physical reactions, consisting of - one or more magnetic micro-reactors (13), each comprising a shell (3) made of hydrophobic magnetic nanoparticles encapsulating an aqueous core (2), - a plane platform (1) comprising a surface (12) to receive the micro-reactors (13), - a source (14) that generates a magnetic field above or underneath the platform (1) for manipulating the one or more hydrophobic magnetic micro-reactors (13), or for moving them along the surface (12) of the platform (1) from one position to another position, characterized in that the aqueous core (2) of the one or more magnetic micro-reactors (13) contains a reaction solution or buffer, and wherein the magnetic field generated by the source (14) correlates to a defined position on the surface of the platform (1).

Microfuidic device and method with trapping of sample in carities having lids that can be opened or closed

The present invention relates to a sample preparing arrangement (10) submergible in a liquid medium, comprising a carrier structure (11), at least one cavity (12) in said carrier, in communication with said cavity an arrangement (13) for controllable generation of a magnetic filed through influence of a control signal. The sample preparing arrangement comprises a magnetic covering structure (4) for covering/uncovering said cavity in operative interaction with said magnetic field.

Thermal microvalves in a fluid flow method

The movement and mixing of microdroplets through microchannels is described employing silicon-based microscale devices, including microdroplet transport channels, reaction regions, electrophoresis modules, and radiation detectors. The discrete droplets are differentially heated and propelled through etched channels. Electronic components are fabricated on the same substrate material, allowing sensors and controlling circuitry to be incorporated in the same device.

Methods for transport in molecular biological analysis and diagnostics

A self-addressable, self-assembling microelectronic device is designed and fabricated to actively carry out and control multi-step and multiplex molecular biological reactions in microscopic formats. These reactions include nucleic acid hybridizations, antibody/antigen reactions, diagnostics, and biopolymer synthesis. The device can be fabricated using both microlithographic and micro-machining techniques. The device can electronically control the transport and attachment of specific binding entities to specific micro-locations. The specific binding entities include molecular biological molecules such as nucleic acids and polypeptides. The device can subsequently control the transport and reaction of analytes or reactants at the addressed specific micro-locations. The device is able to concentrate analytes and reactants, remove non-specifically bound molecules, provide stringency control for DNA hybridization reactions, and improve the detection of analytes. The device can be electronically replicated.

Self-addressable self-assembling microelectronic systems and devices for molecular biological analysis and diagnostics

A method for analyzing nucleic acid obtained from a cell sample on a platform is described. A platform having a cell selector, a nucleic acid selector, and an array of microlocations, wherein at least one microlocation has an associated capture sequence, is provided. The cell selector is contacted with a cell sample, wherein a portion of the cells remain associated with the cell selector. At least a portion of cells associated with the cell selector are lysed to release a nucleic acid sample. The nucleic acid selector is then contacted with the nucleic acid sample, such that a portion of the nucleic acid sample remains associated with the nucleic acid selector. The associated nucleic acid sample is then released from the nucleic acid selector and then is contacted with the array of microlocations, such that at least a portion of the released nucleic acid sample hybridizes with the capture sequence.

Microfluidic device and method with transport of magnetic particles into and out of wells

The present invention relates to an arrangement (10, 20) for preparing samples (15, 27), submergible in a liquid medium. The arrangement comprises a section provided with a device (13, 23) for controllable generation of a magnetic filed through influence of a control signal, said magnetic field being generated to attract at least part of said at least first and second type of samples (15, 27) at one stage and to repel at least one of said first or second type of samples in a second stage.

Micro-fluidic heating system

Provided is a micro-fluidic heating system, which comprises a micro-fluidic control element for providing a chamber, a flow path and a valve, and a main body for heating the inside of the chamber in contact with the micro-fluidic control element, wherein the micro-fluidic control element consists of an upper substrate for providing the chamber, the flow path and the valve, and a lower substrate as a thin film bonded to the upper substrate, and the main body consists of a membrane in which heating means and suction holes are formed, and support member for supporting the membrane, and the heating means is partially in contact with the lower substrate of the chamber to heat the inside of the chamber, so that thermal transfer efficiency becomes maximized and temperature of each chamber may be independently controlled in the case of configuration having chambers arranged in array.

Integrated device based upon semiconductor technology, in particular chemical microreactor

An integrated device based upon semiconductor technology, in particular a chemical microreactor, including a semiconductor body having a high-temperature operating portion and a low-temperature operating portion. The semiconductor body is provided with a thermal-insulation device including a dissipator element arranged between the high-temperature operating portion and the low-temperature operating portion. The dissipator includes a membrane connecting the high-temperature operating portion and the low-temperature operating portion, and a plurality of diaphragms that extend substantially orthogonal to the membrane and are parallel to one another.

Process for forming an emulsion using microchannel process technology

The disclosed invention relates to a process for making an emulsion. The process comprises: flowing a first liquid (116) through a process microchannel (110), the process microchannel having a wall (140) with an apertured section; flowing a second liquid (172) through the apertured section into the process microchannel in contact with the first liquid, the first liquid forming a continuous phase, the second liquid forming a discontinuous phase dispersed in the continuous phase.

Integrated device based upon semiconductor technology, in particular chemical microreactor

An integrated device based upon semiconductor technology, in particular a chemical microreactor, including a semiconductor body having a high-temperature operating portion and a low-temperature operating portion. The semiconductor body is provided with a thermal-insulation device including a dissipator element arranged between the high-temperature operating portion and the low-temperature operating portion. The dissipator includes a membrane connecting the high-temperature operating portion and the low-temperature operating portion, and a plurality of diaphragms that extend substantially orthogonal to the membrane and are parallel to one another.

Method and apparatus for obtaining enhanced production rate of thermal chemical reactions

Reactors and processes are disclosed that can utilize high heat fluxes to obtain fast, steady-state reaction rates. Porous catalysts used in conjunction with microchannel reactors to obtain high rates of heat transfer are also disclosed. Reactors and processes that utilize short contact times, high heat flux and low pressure drop are described. Improved methods of steam reforming are also provided.

Chemical reactor and method for gas phase reactant catalytic reactions

The present invention is a chemical reactor and method for catalytic chemical reactions having gas phase reactants. The chemical reactor has reactor microchannels for flow of at least one reactant and at least one product, and a catalyst material wherein the at least one reactant contacts the catalyst material and reacts to form the at least one product. The improvement, according to the present invention is: the catalyst material is on a porous material having a porosity that resists bulk flow therethrough and permits molecular diffusion therein. The porous material further has a length, a width and a thickness, the porous material defining at least a portion of one wall of a bulk flow path through which the at least one reactant passes.

Methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions

Integrated Combustion Reactors (ICRs) and methods of making ICRs are described in which combustion chambers (or channels) are in direct thermal contact to reaction chambers for an endothermic reaction. Superior results were achieved for combustion chambers which contained a gap for free flow through the chamber. Particular reactor designs are also described. Processes of conducting reactions in integrated combustion reactors are described and results presented. Some of these processes are characterized by unexpected and superior results.

In situ mixing in microchannels

The present invention provides methods, systems and apparatus in which one fluid passes through an orifice or orifices and mixes with another fluid as it flows through a microchannel.

Process for conducting an equilibrium limited chemical reaction using microchannel technology

The disclosed invention relates to a process for conducting an equilibrium limited chemical reaction in a microchannel reactor. The process involves the use of active heat exchange and is suitable for conducting exothermic and endothermic reactions. The process is particularly suitable for synthesizing methanol and dimethyl ether.

使用微通道工艺技术的多相混合方法

本发明涉及一种制造多相混合物的方法，包括：使第一流体流(216)流过工艺微通道(210)，第一流体流(216)包括至少一种液体和/或至少一种气体，工艺微通道(210)具有有孔区(244)；使第二流体流(272)流过有孔区(244)进入工艺微通道(210)与第一流体流(216)接触以形成多相混合物(218)，第二流体流(272)包括至少一种气体和/或至少一种微体形成材料，第一流体流(272)形成在连续相中分散的非连续相。还可在工艺微通道(210)与热源或冷源(290)之间发生热交换。

Process using microchannel technology for conducting alkylation or acylation reaction

The disclosed invention relates to a process, comprising: flowing a first reactant feed stream comprising a reactant substrate and a second reactant feed stream comprising an alkylating agent, an acylating agent or a mixture thereof, in a process microchannel in contact with each other to form a product comprising at least one alkylation product, at least one acylation product, or a mixture thereof; transferring heat from the process microchannel to a heat sink; and removing the product from the process microchannel.

使用微通道技术的多相反应方法

公开的本发明涉及一种用于在微通道中实施多相反应的方法。该方法包括：形成包括第一反应物(214)和第二反应物(242)的多相反应混合物；第一反应物(214)包括至少一种液体；第二反应物(242)包括至少一种气体、至少一种液体、或至少一种气体和至少一种液体的结合物；第一反应物(214)形成在多相反应混合物中的连续相；第二反应物(242)形成分散在连续相中的气泡和/或液滴；以及在工艺微通道(210)中，在至少一种催化剂(215)的存在下，使第一反应物(214)与第二反应物(242)反应以形成至少一种产物(216)。

Emulsion process using microchannel process technology

The disclosed invention relates to a process for treating or making an emulsion in a microchannel. Microchannel repeating unit (200) comprises process microchannel (210) apertured section (240) and liquid channel (270). Process microchannel (210) has opposite sidewalls (212) and (214). Apertured section (240) is in sidewall (212). The apertured section (240) may be referred to as a porous section or porous substrate. The apertured section (240) may comprise a sheet or plate (242) having a plurality of apertures (244) extending through it. The liquid channel (270) opens to process microchannel (210) through apertured section (240). The liquid channel (270) is a flow-through channel with an outlet indicated at arrow (275). The process microchannel (210) has mixing zone (216), and may have non-apertured regions (not shown in the drawings) upstream and/or downstream from mixing zone (216). The mixing zone (216) is adjacent to the apertured section (240). In one embodiment, the mixing zone (216) may have a restricted cross section to enhance mixing. In operation, the first liquid flows into process microchannel (210), as indicated by directional arrow (218), and into the mixing zone (216). A second liquid flows into liquid channel (270), as indicated by arrow (272), and then flows through apertured section (240), as indicated by arrows (274), into the mixing zone (216). In mixing zone (216), the second liquid contacts and mixes with the first liquid to form an émulsion. Heating or cooling may be optional.

Separation process using microchannel technology

The disclosed invention relates to a process and apparatus for separating a first fluid from a fluid mixture comprising the first fluid. The process comprises: (A) flowing the fluid mixture into a microchannel separator in contact with a sorption medium, the fluid mixture being maintained in the microchannel separator until at least part of the first fluid is sorbed by the sorption medium, removing non-sorbed parts of the fluid mixture from the microchannel separator; and (B) desorbing first fluid from the sorption medium and removing desorbed first fluid from the microchannel separator. The process and apparatus are suitable for separating nitrogen or methane from a fluid mixture comprising nitrogen and methane. The process and apparatus may be used for rejecting nitrogen in the upgrading of sub-quality methane.

Metodo mejorado para producir cianuro de hidrogeno a traves de deshidratacion catalitica de calentamiento directo de formamida gaseosa.

Método para producir cianuro de hidrógeno a través de deshidratación catalítica de formamida gaseosa, en donde la deshidratación de formamida se acopla con una reacción exotérmica, en la que el reactor usado para deshidratación comprende das trayectorias de fluido separadas que están separadas por una pared de reactor común, en donde una trayectoria de fluido se proporciona para la deshidratación de formamida y la segunda trayectoria de fluido se proporciona para la reacción exotérmica.

Microchannel apparatus comprising structured walls, chemical processes, methods of making formaldehyde

Methods for controlling series or series-parallel reactions are described. Novel microchannel apparatus having mesoporous structures adjacent to bulk flow paths are described. Methods of synthesizing formaldehyde from methanol are also described.

Chemical reactor

Chemical reactor and method for catalytic gas phase reactions.

Catalytic method.

Fischer-tropsch synthesis using microchannel technology and novel catalyst and microchannel reactor

The disclosed invention relates to a process for converting a reactant composition comprising H 2 and CO to a product comprising at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms, the process comprising: flowing the reactant composition through a microchannel reactor in contact with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to convert the reactant composition to the product, the microchannel reactor comprising a plurality of process microchannels containing the catalyst; transferring heat from the process microchannels to a heat exchanger; and removing the product from the microchannel reactor; the process producing at least about 0.5 gram of aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms per gram of catalyst per hour; the selectivity to methane in the product being less than about 25%. The disclosed invention also relates to a supported catalyst comprising Co, and a microchannel reactor comprising at least one process microchannel and at least one adjacent heat exchange zone.

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using microchannel technology and novel catalyst and microchannel reactor

Disclosed is a process for converting a reactant composition comprising H 2 and CO to a product comprising at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms, the process comprising: flowing the reactant composition through a microchannel reactor in contact with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to convert the reactant composition to the product, the microchannel reactor comprising a plurality of process microchannels containing the catalyst; transferring heat from the process microchannels to a heat exchanger; and removing the product from the microchannel reactor; the process producing at least about 0.5 gram of aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms per gram of catalyst per hour; the selectivity to methane in the product being less than about 25%. Also disclosed is a supported catalyst comprising Co, and a microchannel reactor comprising at least one process microchannel and at least one adjacent heat exchange zone.

Synthesis gas conversion process

Integrated reactors, methods of making same, and methods of conducting simultaneous exothermic and endothermic reactions

Integrated Combustion Reactors (ICRs) and methods of making ICRs are described in which combustion chambers (or channels) (12) are in direct thermal contact to reaction chambers for an endothermic reaction (115). Superior results were achieved for combustion chambers which contained a gap (18, 19) for free flow through the chamber. Particular reactor designs are also described. Processes of conducting reactions in integrated combustion reactors are described and results presented. Some of these processes are characterized by unexpected and superior results.

Reactores integrados, metodos de fabricacion de los mismos, y metodos para llevar a cabo reacciones exotermicas y endotermicas simultaneas.

Tethered catalyst processes in microchannel reactors and systems containing a tethered catalyst or tethered chiral auxiliary

The invention provides systems and methods for conducting reactions in which a reactant contacts a tethered catalyst and/or tethered chiral auxiliary in a microchannel and is converted to product.

Microchannel polymerization reactor

A microchannel polymerization reactor comprising: (a) a first microchannel adapted to carry a reactant stream; (b) a fluid conduit adapted to carry a fluid in thermal communication with the first microchannel; and (c) a static mixer in fluid communication with the first microchannel adapted to provide a mixing zone operative to change the cross-sectional fluid flow profile at a predetermined point along the first microchannel without changing the primary direction of the reactant stream through the first microchannel. The present invention also includes a method of carrying out a polymerization reaction within a microchannel reactor comprising: (i) directing at least one of monomer, initiator, water, surfactant, coagulant, and solvent into a reactant stream and into contact with reactant flowing within a first microchannel to initiate a polymerization reaction occurring within a first microchannel; and (ii) mixing the reactant of the reactant stream by positioning at least one static mixer in series with the reactant stream, where the static mixer is adapted to change a cross-sectional fluid flow profile of the reactant stream flowing through the first microchannel without changing a primary direction of the reactant stream through the first microchannel.

使用微通道加工技术产生乳状液的方法

本公开的发明涉及一种制备乳化液的方法。该方法包括：一种第一液体流过一个加工微通道，该加工微通道具有一个含带孔部分的壁；一种第二液体通过该带孔部分流入该加工微通道，与该第一液体接触，该第一液体形成一连续相，该第二液体形成一分散在该连续相中的非连续相。

Heat exchange reactor and method for producing the same

본 발명은 열교환 반응기 및 이의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 길이방향을 따라 평행하게 형성되는 복수의 슬릿을 구비하는 측면판을 준비하는 단계; 2개의 측면판을 수직방향으로 마주보도록 이격 배치하는 단계; 두 측면판의 적어도 하나 이상의 슬릿에 유로 격판을 수평방향으로 평행하게 끼워 복수의 유로 채널을 형성하는 단계; 자체적으로 내부에 적어도 하나 이상의 열교환 유로를 포함하는 인쇄회로형 열교환판을, 두 측면판의 적어도 하나 이상의 슬릿에 수평방향으로 평행하게 끼워 복수의 유로 채널을 형성하는 단계; 및 측면판, 유로 격판 및 인쇄회로형 열교환판을 각각 접합하는 단계를 포함하는 열교환 반응기의 제조방법을 제공한다. The present invention relates to a heat exchange reactor and a method of manufacturing the same, comprising the steps of: preparing a side plate having a plurality of slits formed in parallel along a longitudinal direction; Disposing the two side plates so as to face each other in the vertical direction; Forming a plurality of flow channel channels by horizontally inserting the flow channel plates in at least one slit of the two side plates in parallel; Forming a plurality of flow channel channels by horizontally inserting a printed circuit type heat exchange plate including at least one heat exchange channel therein in parallel in at least one slit of the two side plates; And a step of bonding the side plates, the flow path plates and the printed circuit type heat exchange plates, respectively.