РАСШИРЯЕМОЕ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО

Группа изобретений относится к расширяемому центральному устройству для реактора, реактору и способу установки расширяемого центрального устройства в реакторе. Расширяемое центральное устройство содержит расширяющуюся трубу, центральную опору внутри расширяющейся трубы и три или более пружинных элементов, прикрепленных к центральной опоре и проходящих дугообразно наружу к расширяющейся трубе. При этом расширяющаяся труба образована из задних концов пружинных элементов, проходящих по спирали вокруг друг друга и перекрывающих друг друга, и является отдельной по отношению к пружинным элементам, а пружинные элементы прижимаются снаружи к расширяющейся трубе, и расширяющаяся труба содержит лист, намотанный множество раз для формирования окружной периферии трубы. Реактор содержит наружную трубу, расширяющуюся трубу внутри наружной трубы, расширяемый носитель катализатора, занимающий кольцевое пространство между расширяющейся трубой и наружной трубой, и три или более изогнутых упругих пружинных ...

СПОСОБ ЗАСЫПКИ ПРОДОЛЬНОГО УЧАСТКА КОНТАКТНОЙ ТРУБЫ

Изобретение касается способа засыпки продольного участка контактной трубы единообразной частью твердого слоя катализатора. Способ засыпки продольного участка контактной трубы единообразной частью твердого слоя катализатора, активная масса которого представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один мультиэлементный оксид, который содержит a) элементы Мо, Fe и Bi, или b) элементы Мо и V, или c) элемент V, а также дополнительно Р и/или Sb, или активная масса которого содержит элементарное серебро на оксидном изделии-носителе, и который состоит из одного единственного сорта Sили из гомогенизированной смеси нескольких отличных друг от друга сортов Sкаталитически активных формованных изделий определенной геометрической формы или каталитически активных формованных изделий и инертных формованных изделий определенной геометрической формы, причем медиана максимальных продольных размеров L изделий определенной геометрической формы сорта Sхарактеризуется значением D , по меньшей мере, в пределах одного сорта ...

КАТАЛИЗАТОР ОКИСЛЕНИЯ С СЕДЛОВИДНЫМИ ФОРМОВАННЫМИ ИЗДЕЛИЯМИ-НОСИТЕЛЯМИ

Изобретение касается катализатора окисления акролеина до акриловой кислоты, способа его изготовления, его применения для каталитического окисления в газовой фазе акролеина до акриловой кислоты и к способу получения акриловой кислоты посредством окисления в газовой фазе акролеина молекулярным кислородом на неподвижном слое катализатора. Катализатор окисления включает по меньшей мере одно неорганическое оксидное или керамическое формованное изделие-носитель с площадью поверхности BET менее чем 0,5 м/г, причем нижняя граница площади поверхности BET составляет 0,01 м/г, в расчете на носитель, которое покрыто с образованием сплошной оболочки обладающим каталитической активностью мультиэлементным оксидом, соответствующим общей формуле (I)гдеXозначает W, Nb, Та, Cr и/или Се,Xозначает Cu, Ni, Со, Fe, Mn и/или Zn,Xозначает Sb и/или Bi,Xозначает один или несколько щелочных и/или щелочноземельных металлов и/или N,Xозначает Si, Al, Ti и/или Zr,а означает число в пределах от 1 до 6,b означает число ...

КАТАЛИЗАТОРНАЯ ЗАСЫПКА С ЗАКРУГЛЕННЫМИ НА ВНЕШНИХПОВЕРХНОСТЯХ ТРЕНИЯ КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКИ НЕАКТИВНЫМИ ФОРМОВАННЫМИ ИЗДЕЛИЯМИ

Изобретение относится к новым катализаторным засыпкам, содержащим физическую смесь каталитически активных и каталитически неактивных формованных изделий, причем каталитически неактивные формованные изделия имеют на внешней поверхности трения закругленные кромки. Технический результат - уменьшение механического износа внутри каталитической загрузки, сохранение низкой потери давления вдоль катализаторной засыпки. 1 з.п. ф-лы. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 315 656 (13) C1 (51) ÌÏÊ B01J 21/00 B01J 23/00 B01J 19/30 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006116388/04, 08.10.2004 (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 08.10.2004 (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 15.10.2003 DE 10348625.9 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ÁÀÑÔ ÀÊÖÈÅÍÃÅÇÅËÜØÀÔÒ (DE) (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 27.01.2008 Áþë. ¹ 3 2 3 1 5 6 5 6 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: ÅÐ 0184790 À, 18.06.1986. RU 2157726 Ñ2, 20.10.2000. ÅÐ 1127618 À, 29.08.2001. WO 9940236 À, 12.08.1999. ÅÐ 0095851 À, 07.12.1983. WO 03074457 A, 12.09.2003. (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 15.05.2006 Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 105064, Ìîñêâà, óë. Êàçàêîâà, 16, ÍÈÈÐ Êàíöåë ðè "Ïàòåíòíûå ïîâåðåííûå Êâàøíèí, Ñàïåëüíèêîâ è ïàðòíåðû", ïàò.ïîâ. Â.Ï.Êâàøíèíó (54) ÊÀÒÀËÈÇÀÒÎÐÍÀß ÇÀÑÛÏÊÀ Ñ ÇÀÊÐÓÃËÅÍÍÛÌÈ ÍÀ ÂÍÅØÍÈÕ ÏÎÂÅÐÕÍÎÑÒßÕ ÒÐÅÍÈß ÊÀÒÀËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈ ÍÅÀÊÒÈÂÍÛÌÈ ÔÎÐÌÎÂÀÍÍÛÌÈ ÈÇÄÅËÈßÌÈ (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå îòíîñèòñ ê íîâûì êàòàëèçàòîðíûì çàñûïêàì, ñîäåðæàùèì ôèçè÷åñêóþ ñìåñü êàòàëèòè÷åñêè àêòèâíûõ è êàòàëèòè÷åñêè íåàêòèâíûõ ôîðìîâàííûõ èçäåëèé, ïðè÷åì êàòàëèòè÷åñêè íåàêòèâíûå ôîðìîâàííûå èçäåëè èìåþò íà âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòè òðåíè çàêðóãëåííûå êðîìêè. Òåõíè÷åñêèé ðåçóëüòàò óìåíüøåíèå ìåõàíè÷åñêîãî èçíîñà âíóòðè êàòàëèòè÷åñêîé çàãðóçêè, ñîõðàíåíèå íèçêîé ïîòåðè äàâëåíè âäîëü êàòàëèçàòîðíîé çàñûïêè. 1 ç.ï. ôëû. R U 2 3 1 5 6 5 6 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2005/037427 (28.04.2005) C 1 C 1 (86) Çà ...

ПРОВОЛОЧНЫЕ ПРОСТАВКИ ДЛЯ НАРАЩИВАЕМЫХ СТРУКТУРНЫХ РЕАКТОРОВ

... 1. Реактор, содержащий:а) внешнюю трубу;b) один или более компонентов реактора, при этом один или более компонентов реактора имеют внешнюю окружную поверхность, и один или более компонентов реактора установлены во внешней трубе;с) проволочную проставку, участок которой установлен между внешней трубой и одним или более компонентами реактора для предотвращения соприкосновения одного или более компонентов реактора с внешней трубой.2. Реактор по п. 1, в котором проволочная проставка имеет диаметр в диапазоне от 0,25 до 10 мм.3. Реактор по п. 1 или 2, в котором внешняя окружная поверхность одного или более компонентов реактора расположена на расстоянии, по меньшей мере, от 0,25 до 10 мм от внешней трубы.4. Реактор по п. 1 или 2, в котором проволочная проставка прикреплена к, по меньшей мере, одному из одного или более компонентов реактора.5. Реактор по п. 1 или 2, в котором проволочная проставка имеет концевую часть, имеющую прямолинейный участок, при этом концевая часть проходит внутрь в, по ...

КОРКОВЫЙ КАТАЛИЗАТОР, ПРЕДНАЗНАЧЕННЫЙ, В ЧАСТНОСТИ, ДЛЯ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ МЕТАНОЛА В ФОРМАЛЬДЕГИД, И СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Корковый катализатор, в частности, для окисления метанола в формальдегид, и содержащий на инертном, предпочтительно по существу непористом носителе по меньшей мере один слой покрытия, которое перед удалением органических составляющих компонентов b) и c) содержит ! a) оксиды или переводимые в соответствующие оксиды предшествующие соединения молибдена и железа, причем молярное соотношение Mo:Fe находится в интервале от 1:1 до 5:1, а также, в случае необходимости, другие металлические или металлооксидные составляющие или переводимые в соответствующие оксиды предшествующие соединения; ! b) по меньшей мере одно органическое связующее вещество; ! c) по меньшей мере один другой компонент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из золя SiO2 или его предшественника, золя Al2O3 или его предшественника, золя ZrO2 или его предшественника, золя TiO2 или его предшественника, жидкого стекла, MgO, цемента, мономеров, олигомеров или полимеров силанов, алкоксисиланов, арилоксисиланов, акрилоксисиланов, аминосиланов ...

СТРУКТУРИРОВАННЫЙ НАСАДОЧНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ, ИМЕЮЩИЙ ФОРМУ ВИНТОВОЙ СПИРАЛИ

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2018 132 189 A (51) МПК B01D 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2018132189, 10.09.2018 (71) Заявитель(и): АКСЕНС (FR) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 12.09.2017 FR 17 58444 Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр. 3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 8 1 3 2 1 8 9 R U A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Насадочная структура (20), состоящая из по меньшей мере двух смежных рядов идентичных насадочных элементов (21), причем указанные насадочные элементы (21) представляют собой скрученные пластины, имеющие форму винтовой спирали, ряд содержит по меньшей мере два насадочных элемента (21), соединенных в направлении их высоты, и насадочные элементы (21) двух разных рядов располагаются по существу параллельно в направлении их высоты. 2. Насадочная структура (20) по п. 1, содержащая n рядов насадочных элементов (21), причем указанные ряды содержат m соединенных насадочных элементов, где n составляет от 1 до 300 и m составляет от 2 до 300. 3. Насадочная структура (20) по любому из предыдущих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что ребра (22, 23) двух краев каждого из насадочных элементов по существу параллельны друг другу. 4. Насадочная структура (20) по предыдущему пункту, отличающаяся тем, что ребра (22, 23) двух краев насадочных элементов (21) одного и того же ряда по существу параллельны друг другу. 5. Насадочная структура (20) по п. 4, отличающаяся тем, что насадочная структура содержит по меньшей мере два ряда, в которых ребра (22, 23) краев насадочных элементов (21) двух смежных рядов являются по существу перпендикулярными. 6. Насадочная структура (20) по любому из предыдущих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что шаг (p) винтовой спирали насадочного элемента (21) составляет от 10 до 30 см. 2 0 1 8 1 3 2 1 8 9 (54) СТРУКТУРИРОВАННЫЙ НАСАДОЧНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ, ИМЕЮЩИЙ ФОРМУ ВИНТОВОЙ СПИРАЛИ R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: ...

ФОРМОВАННЫЕ ГЕТЕРОГЕННЫЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ

... 1. Каталитический элемент в форме цилиндра, имеющего длину С и диаметр D, который имеет 3-10 отверстий, проходящих насквозь, причем указанный цилиндр имеет куполообразные концы отрезков А и В, так что (A+B+C)/D находится в интервале 0,50-2,00, и (А+В)/С находится в интервале 0,40-5,00. ! 2. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором А и В являются одинаковыми. ! 3. Каталитический элемент по п.1 или 2, в котором (A+B+C)/D находится в интервале 0,75-1,50. ! 4. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором (A+B)/C находится в интервале 0,4-3,00. ! 5. Каталитический элемент по п.1, имеющий 3-6 отверстий, проходящих насквозь. ! 6. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором отверстие или отверстия имеют круглое поперечное сечение и независимо имеют диаметр d' в интервале 0,05D-0,5D. ! 7. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором наружная поверхность элемента имеет одну или более канавок, проходящих вдоль его длины. ! 8. Каталитический элемент по п.7, в котором поверхность имеет 2-12 канавок. ! 9. Каталитический ...

GESINTERTE FORMKOERPER.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Monosilan

Anlage zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Monosilan und Tetrachlorsilan durch katalytische Dismutierung von Trichlorsilan bei einer Betriebstemperatur und einem Druck von 1 bis 50 bar basierend auf folgenden Einheiten • einem Gegenstromreaktor (1) mit Doppelmantel (2), • mindestens ein im Gegenstromreaktor (1) angeordnetes und mit Katalysator (3) bestücktes Katalysatorbett (4), • einem Kondensator (5) am Kopf des Gegenstromreaktors (1), • einer Verdampfereinheit (6) am Sumpf des Gegenstromreaktors (1), • mindestens einer Trichlorsilanzuführung (A) für die Aufgabe von Trichlorsilan (7.1, 7.2) in den Gegenstromreaktor (1), • einem Wärmetauscher (7), wobei das Trichlorsilan zunächst mittels Leitung (7.1, 7.2) über den Wärmetauscher (7) geführt und dort vorgewärmt wird und dazu Sumpfprodukt mittels Leitung (6.1, 6.2) aus der Verdampfereinheit (6) über den Wärmetauscher (7) dem Doppelmantel (2) auf einer Höhe im unteren Teil des Gegenstromreaktors (1) zugeführt und auf einer Höhe im oberen ...

Porous ceramic matrices, e.g. for catalysts

CATALYST DEVICES

PROCEDURE FOR CONTACTING A HYDROCARBON AND AN OXYGEN-CONTAINING GAS WITH A CATALYST BED

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VANADIUMHALTIGEN TABLETS

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VANADIUMHALTIGEN TABLETS

Enhancement of surface-active solid-phase heterogeneous catalysts

Shaped heterogeneous catalysts

A catalyst unit is described in the form of a cylinder having a length C and diameter D, which has one or more holes extending therethrough, wherein said cylinder has domed ends of lengths A and B, such that (A+B+C)/D is in the range 0.50 to 2.00, and (A+B)/C is in the range 0.40 to 5.00. The catalyst or catalyst unit preferably has one or more flutes running along its length. The catalyst may be used particularly in steam reforming reactors.

BED PACKING MATERIAL

Catalytic distillation structure

Structured elements and methods of use

Structured elements with capabilities for stream flow division and distribution and mitigation of undesired species that exceed those of conventionally available materials are provided. The structured elements provide increased opportunities for surface attraction, retention and coalescence of undesired species in a process stream. The functional contact surfaces of the structured elements can include one or more of the faces of cells, the surfaces of struts connecting cells, the surfaces of nodes connecting struts, and the surfaces of asperities or irregularities caused by channels, flutes, spikes, fibrils or filaments in or on the material surfaces.

A REACTOR SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ETHYLENE OXIDE

A reactor system for the epoxidation of ethylene, which reactor system comprises an elongated tube having an internal tube diameter of more than 40 mm, wherein contained is a catalyst bed of catalyst particles comprising silver and a promoter component deposited on a carrier, which promoter component comprises an element selected from rhenium, tungsten, molybdenum and chromium; a process for the epoxidation of ethylene comprising reacting ethylene with oxygen in the presence of the catalyst bed contained in the reactor system; and a method of preparing ethylene glycol, an ethylene glycol ether or an ethanol amine comprising obtaining ethylene oxide by the process for the epoxidation of ethylene, and converting the ethylene oxide into ethylene glycol, the ethylene glycol ether, or the ethanol amine. Preferably, the internal tube diameter is at least 45 mm.

MICROFIBROUS MEDIA FOR OPTIMIZING AND CONTROLLING HIGHLY EXOTHERMIC AND HIGHLY ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS/PROCESSES

A vessel packed with a microfibrous media made of micron-sized highly conductive fibers, which are able (and may be used) to immobilize various reactive materials including catalysts, sorbents, electrocatalysts, and other chemically reactive solids. The vessel enables fine temperature control and a uniform temperature profile for a range of highly endothermic or exothermic chemical reactions, sorptions, separation processes, mixing operations, and heat transfer applications.

CATALYTIC DISTILLATION SYSTEM

a catalytic distillation system is provided having a first component which is a particulate catalyst useful for carrying out the desired chemical reaction and a second component which is a hollow geometric shape having openings through the outer surface to allow gas and liquid to pass therethrough. The two components are mixed to provide the desired open space and loaded into a distillation column reactor. The hollow geometric shapes provides the spacing, while the openings permit the gas and liquid to flow through, thus providing the requisite vapor liquid contact space and surfaces.

НОСИТЕЛЬ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА

Изобретение касается цилиндрического каталитического элемента 1, который имеет углубления на его окружной поверхности 3. Эти углубления выполнены преимущественно как желобки 4 и перемычки 5, которые проходят параллельно продольной оси 2 каталитического элемента 1.

РЕАКТОРНАЯ СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ОКИСИ ЭТИЛЕНА

Заявлены реакторная система для эпоксидирования этилена, которая включает удлиненную трубу, имеющую внутренний диаметр трубы больше чем 40 мм, в которой содержится слой катализатора из частиц катализатора, содержащих серебро и промотирующий компонент, осажденный на носитель, промотирующий компонент, содержит элемент, выбранный из рения, вольфрама, молибдена и хрома; способ эпоксидирования этилена, включающий реакцию этилена с кислородом в присутствии слоя катализатора, содержащегося в реакторной системе; и способ получения этиленгликоля, эфира этиленгликоля или этаноламина, включающий получение окиси этилена в процессе эпоксидирования этилена, и превращение окиси этилена в этиленгликоль, эфир этиленгликоля, или этаноламин. Предпочтительно, внутренний диаметр трубы составляет по меньшей мере 45 мм.

METHOD OF THE CONTACT OF HYDROCARBON AND OXYGEN-CONTAINING GAS WITH THE CATALYST BED

СПОСОБ КОНТАКТИРОВАНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДА И КИСЛОРОДСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО ГАЗА СО СЛОЕМ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА

Настоящее изобретение представляет собой способ контактирования углеводорода и кислородсодержащего газа со слоем катализатора в реакторе при объемной скорости, составляющей по крайней мере 10000 ч-1, отличающийся тем, что: а) реактор имеет многоугольное внутреннее поперечное сечение, по крайней мере, в том отделе, в котором находится слой катализатора; б) слой катализатора составлен из двух или более слоев катализатора в виде пластин многоугольной формы, которые имеют по крайней мере четыре стороны; в) каждый слой катализатора включает по крайней мере четыре пластины, которые накладываются мозаичным образом с образованием указанного слоя; г) грани двух пластин, соприкасающиеся в одном слое, не накладываются на грани пластин, соприкасающиеся в примыкающем слое.

УСИЛЕНИЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТНО-АКТИВНЫХ ТВЕРДОФАЗНЫХ ГЕТЕРОГЕННЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ

Активность поверхностно-активного твердофазного катализатора может быть значительно улучшена путем создания преднамеренных повторяющихся контактов поверхности о поверхность между частями активных поверхностей каталитических объектов. Хотя они погружены в материал реагента, такие контакты между частями активных поверхностей каталитических объектов могут значительно активировать поверхности многих гетерогенных катализаторов. Даются примеры такого действия с использованием множества предварительно заданных форм, нанесенных каталитических структур и т.д., перемешиваемых или иным образом приводимых в контакт с получением многочисленных поверхностных столкновений. Один вариант осуществления использует механизм шестеренчатого насоса с зубцами шестерней с каталитически активной поверхностью для создания повторяющегося временного контактирующего действия во время прокачивания потока реагента. Изобретение применимо для многих других форм для получения действия временного контактирования каталитических ...

Ceramic packing element for mass transfer applications

METAL CATALYST SUPPORT

Process for introducing a portion withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular coated catalysts k into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor

Composite catalyst for the selective oligomerization of lower alkenes and the production of high octane products

The present invention relates to a) a catalytic composite comprising a support structure and a catalytic species that is deposited on the support structure, b) a process for the selective oligomerization of lower alkenes and mixtures of alkenes, which process comprises contacting the lower alkenes with the catalytic composite in a catalytic distillation apparatus and under catalytic distillation conditions, and c) a process for producing high octane products, which process comprises hydrogenating one or more catalytic distillation apparatus and under catalytic distillation conditions.

Filtration, flow distribution and catalytic method for process streams

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active.

Extruded Porous Substrate having Inorganic Bonds

A method is provided for producing a highly porous substrate. More particularly, the present invention enables fibers, such as organic, inorganic, glass, ceramic, polymer, or metal fibers, to be combined with binders and additives, and extruded, to form a porous substrate. Depending on the selection of the constituents used to form an extrudable mixture, the present invention enables substrate porosities of about 60% to about 90%, and enables process advantages at other porosities, as well. The extrudable mixture may use a wide variety of fibers and additives, and is adaptable to a wide variety of operating environments and applications. Additives can be selected that form inorganic bonds between overlapping fibers in the extruded substrate that provide enhanced strength and performance of the porous substrate in a variety of applications, such as, for example, filtration and as a host for catalytic processes, such as catalytic converters.

A PROCESS FOR SELECTING SHAPED PARTICLES, A PROCESS FOR INSTALLING A SYSTEM, A PROCESS FOR REACTING A GASEOUS FEEDSTOCK IN SUCH A SYSTEM, A COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT, AND A COMPUTER SYSTEM

КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ УСТАНОВКА

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a catalytic installation suitable for use in a tubular reactor, in combination with a granular catalyst, in particular, with catalysts suitable for use in catalytic stream reforming processes. Catalytic installation is described, located in the vertical reaction tube. Installation contains a structured catalyst at the top of the reaction tube. Granular catalyst under the said structured catalyst in the lower part of the said reaction tube. Catalyst carrier arrangement is located between the structured catalyst and the particulate catalyst. Device of the carrier of the catalyst contains a cylindrical body having a first end adapted for connection with a structured catalyst, and a second end. Cylindrical body has a diameter of 70–90 % of the internal diameter of the tube, and a length/diameter ratio in the range of 0.5–2.5. EFFECT: invention provides a reduction in unwanted overheating of the reaction tube walls. 29 cl, 10 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 673 839 C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/06 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01J 8/00 (2018.08); B01J 19/30 (2018.08); C01B 3/40 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2016138793, 17.02.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ДЖОНСОН МЭТТИ ПАБЛИК ЛИМИТЕД КОМПАНИ (GB) Дата регистрации: 30.11.2018 04.03.2014 GB 1403788.1 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 05.04.2018 Бюл. № 10 (45) Опубликовано: 30.11.2018 Бюл. № 34 113729 U1, 27.02.2012. WO 2012146904 A1, 01.11.2012. RU 2570004 C2, 10.12.2015. RU 2455068 C2, 10.07.2012. RU 2423657 C2, 10.07.2011. US 3857680 A1, 31.12.1974. US 7906079 B2, 15.03.2011. DE 3744265 A1, 13.07.1989. (86) Заявка PCT: C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 04.10.2016 GB 2015/050448 (17.02.2015) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: 2 6 7 3 8 3 9 WO 2015/132556 (11.09.2015) R U 2 6 7 3 8 3 9 (56) Список документов, цитированных в ...

КЕРАМИЧЕСКИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ НАСАДКИ И СПОСОБ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯСЛОЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ НАСАДКИ

В изобретении предлагается керамический элемент насадки (1, 6, 8), приспособленный для использования в качестве ограничителя слоев, имеющий главным образом постоянное поперечное сечение вдоль оси (1), форму галстука-бабочки, и множество сквозных каналов (5), параллельных направлению длины (L). Предлагается способ образования слоя элементов насадки, который предусматривает экструдирование смеси, которая содержит один или несколько образующих керамику компонентов, секционирование экструдированной смеси для образования секций и обжиг секций для образования элементов насадки. Насадку используют для заполнения колонн, в которых происходят процессы массопередачи или теплообмена, или любая другая химическая реакция, с обеспечением максимальной эффективности процесса. 2 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 6 ил.

СПОСОБ ЗАГРУЗКИ РЕАКТОРА С НЕПОДВИЖНЫМ СЛОЕМ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА, КОТОРЫЙ ВКЛЮЧАЕТ, ПО МЕНЬШЕЙ МЕРЕ, КАТАЛИЗАТОРНЫЕ КОЛЬЦЕВЫЕ ФОРМОВАННЫЕ ИЗДЕЛИЯ К

Изобретение относится к способу загрузки реактора с неподвижным слоем катализатора. Описан способ загрузки реактора с неподвижным слоем катализатора, который включает, по меньшей мере, катализаторные формованные изделия К, геометрическая форма которых представлена кольцом с наружным диаметром А, внутренним диаметром I и высотой В при условии, что А≥В, при котором перед загрузкой обломки, образовавшиеся при изготовлении катализаторных формованных изделий К, просеиванием, по меньшей мере, частично в качестве подрешетного продукта отделяют от надрешетного продукта, содержащего катализаторные формованные изделия К, а затем надрешетный продукт применяют для загрузки неподвижного слоя катализатора и при этом просеивание осуществляют с помощью сита, которое имеет отверстия, замкнутая линия контура каждого из которых имеет, по меньшей мере, два прямолинейных участка, которые располагаются друг напротив друга на расстоянии С на протяжении, по меньшей мере, длины L, как две параллельные стороны прямоугольника ...

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА МОНОСИЛАНА

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the plant and method intended for continuous production of monosilane and tetrachlorosilane by catalytic trichlorosilane dismutation at operating temperature and 1 to 50 bar. Trichlorosilane is preheated in heat exchanger and fed into counter-flow catalytic reactor. Mix of products formed in counter-flow reactor is condensed, at least partially, in condenser at -25 to 50°C, and condensate is directed back into said reactor. Product phase not condensed in reactor, is fed into condensation unit operated at -40 to -110°C. Volatile product phase is fed from condensation unit into rectification column operated at -60 to -170°C. Monosilane is released at rectification column top. Tetrachlorosilane-containing residual product from counter-flow reactor is reduced to operating temperature of 60 to 110°C in evaporator. Said residual product is fed via heat exchanger inside double wall of counter-flow reactor. Tetrachlorosilane-containing residual product flow is released at the reactor top zone level. EFFECT: high-purity product, possibility to use residual product power. 17 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 403 964 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2008116147/12, 19.06.2006 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.06.2006 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЭВОНИК ДЕГУССА ГМБХ (DE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.11.2009 2 4 0 3 9 6 4 (45) Опубликовано: 20.11.2010 Бюл. № 32 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: DE 19860146 A1, 29.06.2000. RU 2214362 C1, 20.10.2003. RU 2129984 C1, 10.05.1999. DE 10017168 A1, 11.10.2001. DE 3311650 A1, 13.10.1983. 2 4 0 3 9 6 4 R U (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2006/063316 (19.06.2006) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 28.04.2008 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2007/039326 (12.04.2007) Адрес для ...

ГРАНУЛА КАТАЛИЗАТОРА И СПОСОБ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕГИДРОГЕНИЗАЦИИ МЕТАНОЛА

FIELD: catalyst granule and methods of oxidative dehydrogenation of methanol. SUBSTANCE: cylindrical catalytic granules have three through holes equally spaced. Axis of each hole is parallel to axis of cylindrical granule whose cross-section is in form of triangle or three tabs. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 15 cl, 2 dwg, 5 tbl 6698 0с ПЧ Го (19) РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВИ” 2 086 299 ' В 01 4 35/04, С 07С 47/052 (51) МПК 13) СЛ 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 93004401/04, 15.01.1993 (30) Приоритет: 06.10.1992 |Т М! 92А 002301 (46) Дата публикации: 10.08.1997 (56) Ссылки: 1. 4$, патент, 4441990, кл. С 10а 47102, 1984. 2. Авторское свидетельство СССР М 448105, кл. С 07 С 47/052, 1978. (71) Заявитель: Монтекатини Текнолоджи С.п.А. (1Т) (72) Изобретатель: Августо Виола[П], Массимо Бруса[], Бернардо Мериги[Т], Джузеппе Губитоса[1] (73) Патентообладатель: Монтекатини Текнолоджи С.п.А. (1Т) (54) ГРАНУЛА КАТАЛИЗАТОРА И СПОСОБ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕГИДРОГЕНИЗАЦИИ МЕТАНОЛА (57) Реферат: Изобретение касается гранулы катализатора и способа — окислительной дегидрогенизации метанола. Конфигурация цилиндрических каталитических гранул с тремя СКВОЗНЫМИ отверстиями, расположенными на равном расстоянии друг от друга, причем ось каждого из отверстий параллельна оси цилиндрической гранулы, которая имеет поперечное сечение в виде треугольника или трех лепестков. 2 с. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 5 табл., 2 ил. 2086299 С1 КО 6698 0с ПЧ Го КУЗЗАМ АСЕМСУ ГОК РАТЕМТ$ АМО ТКАОЕМАКК$ 12) АВЗТКАСТ ОЕ 1МУЕМТОМ (19) ВИ” 2 086 299 ' (51) 1пЕ. С1.6 13) СЛ В 01 { 35/04, С 07 С 47/052 (21), (22) АррИсаНоп: 93004401/04, 15.01.1993 (30) Рпошу: 06.10.1992 1Т М! 92А 002301 (46) Рае ог рибИсаНоп: 10.08.1997 (71) АррИсапе: МощекаНп! Текпооа7! $З.р.А. (1Т) (72) пуетог. — Амдизю Маа[П], Маззито Вгиза[!], Вегпаг4о МепоШтТ], О7Вихерре Сиб\оза[П] (73) Ргорпеюг: МощекаНп! Текпооа7! $З.р.А. (1Т) (54) САТАЕУЗТ СКАМИУЕЕ АМО МЕТНОО ОЕ ОХРАТМЕ ОЕНУОКОСЕМАТЮМ ОЕ ...

СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ТЕКУЧЕГО МАТЕРИАЛА

Изобретение относится к устройствам для обработки одного или нескольких текучих материалов. Система содержит оболочку, слой с множеством элементов поддержки и поддерживаемый им активный слой частиц катализатора. Поддерживающий слой имеет активность по отношению к одному или нескольким текучим материалам. Слой поддержки содержит первый и второй слои элементов поддержки. Элементы во втором слое имеют меньший размер, чем элементы первого слоя. Каждый элемент поддерживающего слоя содержит, по меньшей мере, одну внутреннюю поперечину и множество сквозных каналов. Фракция пустот поддерживающего слоя составляет, по меньшей мере, 45%. В системе обеспечивается уменьшение расхода реагентов и снижение падения давления при прохождении через поддерживающий слой 7 н.и 26 з.п. ф-лы, 11 ил.

КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ УСТАНОВКА

КЕРАМИЧЕСКИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ НАСАДКИ И СПОСОБ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ СЛОЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ НАСАДКИ

... 1. Керамический элемент насадки, имеющий постоянное поперечное сечение вдоль оси (I) длины (L) элемента, проходящей через центр (С) элемента, относительно которой элемент является симметричным, отличающийся тем, что отношение ширины (W) к длине (L) составляет от 1.5:1 до 5:1, причем имеются первая и вторая вогнутые внешние поверхности (2, 3) на концах осей высоты и ширины (h, w), которые перпендикулярны к направлению длины, причем указанные вогнутые поверхности соединены при помощи поверхностей, выбранных из группы, в которую входят выпуклые поверхности (4) и выпуклые поверхности (4), соединенные с вогнутыми поверхностями при помощи коротких промежуточных плоских поверхностей (7), причем элемент содержит по меньшей мере три сквозных канала (5) в направлении длины, при этом по меньшей мере один из каналов (5е) имеет форму фасоли в поперечном сечении, причем канал в форме фасоли имеет две главным образом параллельные дуговидные поверхности. 2. Элемент по п.1, в котором вогнутые поверхности ...

НАСАДКА БИОРЕАКТОРА

... 1. Насадка (30) для биореактора (2) для обработки загрязненных бытовых или промышленных сточных вод, либо жидкостей, загрязненных органическими или неорганическими загрязняющими агентами, в частности для малой очистной установки (1), содержащая микроорганизмы для разложения загрязняющих веществ, которые предпочтительно содержат долю микроорганизмов, обладающих фотосинтетической активностью и долю светоизлучающих микроорганизмов; с увеличенной поверхностью насадки (30), отличающаяся тем, что увеличенная поверхность насадки (30) образована бумагой (32а, 32b).2. Насадка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что увеличение поверхности достигают с помощью по меньшей мере одной складки бумаги (32а, 32b).3. Насадка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что бумага (32а, 32b) имеет по меньшей мере два слоя (40, 42, 43а, 43b, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49).4. Насадка по п.3, отличающаяся тем, что один из слоев (40) выполнен из силикона.5. Насадка по любому из п.3 или 4, отличающаяся тем, что один из слоев (49) выполнен из алюминия ...

Flow-through device, useful for conducting a liquid (e.g. drinking water) or gaseous medium, comprises zeolite components, naturally occurring or synthetic schungite components having a specific carbon content and silver-components

Flow-through device (1) comprises at least one zeolite component (3), at least one naturally occurring or synthetic schungite component (4) having a carbon content of 5-70 wt.%, where this carbon (equal to 100 wt.%) has a fullerene structure of 1-95 wt.%, and at least one silver-component (5). The zeolites are closed-, medium- or wide pore type, which includes naturally occurring- or synthetic zeolites. The naturally occurring zeolites are fiber-, leaf- or cube zeolites. Flow-through device (1) for a liquid or gaseous medium (2), comprises: at least one zeolite component (3) of formula (M 2/ zO.Al 2O 3.xSiO 2.yH 2O); at least one naturally occurring or synthetic schungite component (4) having a carbon content of 5-70 wt.%, where this carbon (equal to 100 wt.%) has a fullerene structure of 1-95 wt.%; and at least one silver-component (5). The zeolites are closed-, medium- or wide pore type, which includes naturally occurring- or synthetic zeolites. The naturally occurring zeolites are fiber ...

Verfahren zum Beschicken eines Reaktors mit einem Katalysatorfestbett, das wenigstens ringförmige Katalysatorformkörper K umfasst

Ein Verfahren zum Beschicken eines Reaktors mit einem Katalysatorfestbett, das wenigstens einen ringförmigen Katalysatorformkörper K umfasst, bei dem man vorab der Beschickung bei der Herstellung der Katalysatorformkörper K entstandene Bruchstücke durch Sieben abtrennt. A method for charging a reactor with a fixed catalyst bed, which comprises at least one annular shaped catalyst body K, in which separating from the feed in the preparation of the shaped catalyst body K fragments formed by sieving.

Chemical reaction

Catalyst structures

Shaped heterogeneous catalysts

PACKING ELEMENT

CONVERSION OF COMBUSTIBLE GAS MIXTURES

CERAMIC PACKING ELEMENT WITH INCREASED FLUID CHANNELS

AMALGAM DECOMPOSITION DEVICE FOR MERCURY CATHODE CELLS FOR THE ALKALI CHLORIDE ELECTROLYSIS

CATALYTIC DEVICE.

CATALYST FORERUNNER.

MOLDED ARTICLE FROM MACRO-POROUS ION EXCHANGER RESINS AS WELL AS USE OF THE MOLDED ARTICLES.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POROUS CERAMIC STENCILS USABLE AS KATALYSATORTRÄGER

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC PURIFICATION AND DISINFECTION OF FLUIDS

Apparatus and method for photocatalytic purification and disinfection of fluids

Reactor and method for carrying out a chemical reaction

PACKING FOR A BIOREACTOR

SEPARATION METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PROCESS STREAMS

... ²²²A method and assembly for utilizing open-cell cellular solid material in a ²component separation unit to separate one or more process streams into ²component process streams having desired compositions. A method and assembly ²for using said open-cell cellular solid material to separate process streams ²into desired component process streams in a component separation unit, wherein ²the open-cell cellular solid material can include oxides, carbides, nitrides, ²borides, ceramics, metals, polymers, and chemical vapor deposition materials.² ...

COMPOSITE CATALYST FOR THE SELECTIVE OLIGOMERIZATION OF LOWER ALKENES AND THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH OCTANE PRODUCTS

... ²²²The present invention relates to a) a catalytic composite comprising a support ²structure and a catalytic species that is deposited on the support structure, ²b) a process for the selective oligomerization of lower alkenes and mixtures ²of alkenes, which process comprises contacting the lower alkenes with the ²catalytic composite in a catalytic distillation apparatus and under catalytic ²distillation conditions, and c) a process for producing high octane products, ²which process comprises hydrogenating one or more catalytic distillation ²apparatus and under catalytic distillation conditions.² ...

EXPANDABLE CENTRE ARRANGEMENT

An expandable centre arrangement for a reactor is disclosed. The arrangement comprises an expansion tube; a centre support inside the expansion tube and three or more spring elements. The spring elements are fastened to the centre support and arc out to the expansion tube. A reactor is also disclosed.

A PROCESS FOR SELECTING SHAPED PARTICLES, A PROCESS FOR INSTALLING A SYSTEM, A PROCESS FOR REACTING A GASEOUS FEEDSTOCK IN SUCH A SYSTEM, A COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT, AND A COMPUTER SYSTEM

METALLIC CATALYST SUPPORT AND METHOD USING SAME

CATALYST GRANULES, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF METHANOL IN ORDER TO YIELD FORMALDEHYDE

A configuration of cylindrical catalyst granules displays a trilobed or triangular cross-section provided with three through-bores equidistant from each other, each of which through-bores has its axis parallel to the axis of the cylindrical granule (Figure 1).

НОСИТЕЛЬ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА

Изобретение касается цилиндрического катализирующего элемента 1, который имеет углубления на его окружной поверхности 3. Эти углубления выполнены преимущественно как желобки 4 и перемычки 5, которые продолжаются параллельно продольной оси 2 катализирующего элемента 1.

Установка и способ непрерывного производства моносилана и тетрахлорида кремния

Данное изобретение касается установки и способа непрерывного производства моносилана и тетрахлорида кремния путем каталитического диспропорционирования трихлорсилана при рабочих температуре и давлении от 1 до 50 бар абс. в установке, когда: - трихлорсилан (А) предварительно нагревают в теплообменнике (7) и подают в противоточный реактор (1), оснащенный катализатором (3) - смесь продуктов, образованную в противоточном реакторе (1), по меньшей мере, частично конденсируют в конденсаторе (5) при температуре от -25 до 50 °С, а конденсат снова направляют в противоточный реактор (1) - фазу продукта, которая не была сконденсирована в конденсаторе (5), пропускают в конденсаторный агрегат (8), который функционирует в температурном диапазоне от -40 до -110 °С, - летучую фазу продукта из конденсаторного агрегата (8) подают в ректификационную колонну (9), которая функционирует в температурном диапазоне от -60 до -170 °С, а моносилан (С) выпускают из верхней части ректификационной колонны (9) - температуру ...

РЕАКТОРНАЯ СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ОКИСИ ЭТИЛЕНА

Предлагается реакторная система для эпоксидирования этилена, которая включает удлиненную трубу, имеющую внутренний диаметр трубы больше чем 40 мм, в которой содержится слой катализатора из частиц катализатора, содержащих серебро и промотирующий компонент, осажденный на носитель, промотирующий компонент содержит элемент, выбранный из рения, вольфрама, молибдена и хрома; способ эпоксидирования этилена, включающий реакцию этилена с кислородом в присутствии слоя катализатора, содержащегося в реакторной системе; и способ получения этиленгликоля, эфира этиленгликоля или этаноламина, включающий получение окиси этилена в процессе эпоксидирования этилена и превращение окиси этилена в этиленгликоль, эфир этиленгликоля или этаноламин. Предпочтительно внутренний диаметр трубы составляет по меньшей мере 45 мм.

Enhancement of surface-active solid-phase heterogenous catalysts

Surface-active solid-phase catalyst activity may be substantially improved by creating deliberate repetitive surface-to-surface contact between portions of the active surfaces of catalyst objects. While they are immersed in reactant material such contact between portions of the active surfaces of catalyst objects can substantially activate the surfaces of many heterogeneous catalysts. Examples are given of such action employing a multitude of predetermined shapes, supported catalyst structures, etc. agitated or otherwise brought into contact to produce numerous surface collisions. One embodiment employs a gear pump mechanism with catalytically active-surfaced gear teeth to create the repetitive transient contacting action during pumping of a flow of reactant. The invention is applicable to many other forms for creating transient catalytic surface contacting action. Optionally catalytic output of such systems may be significantly further improved by employing radiant energy or vibration.

Body of filling for the execution of gas reactions with solid substances in layers moving turbulent

CATALYST IN THE FORM OF A MONOLITH WITH A CHANNEL NETWORK

Catalyseur pour réacteurs catalytiques sous la forme de minilithe composé d'un réseau de canaux débouchant de part et d'autre du minilithe, avec la géométrie du minilithe et des canaux le constituant choisis tels que le pourcentage de fraction de vide (PFV) du minilithe est compris entre 40% et 70%, le Pourcentage de Surface Interne (PSI) du minilithe est compris entre 450% et 580% et le rapport surface / volume (S/V) du minilithe est supérieur à 1000 m2/m3.

WORKING OF MASSES OF COLLECTING FOR the PURIFICATION Of a LOAD GAS OR LIQUID CONTAINING OF MERCURY

La présente invention concerne l'élimination de métaux lourds et notamment de mercure et éventuellement d'arsenic et de plomb présents dans un effluent gazeux ou liquide, au moyen d'un procédé en lit fixe mettant en œuvre un adsorbant, sous la forme d'extrudés massiques ou supportés, lesdits extrudés étant caractérisés par une longueur h et un rayon, R, répondant à l'équation (1) avec et (1) et ledit adsorbant étant composé au moins d'une phase active à base de soufre sous la forme élémentaire ou sous la forme de sulfure métallique. L'invention s'applique avantageusement au traitement de gaz d'origine industrielle, de gaz de synthèse, de gaz naturel, de condensats en phase gazeuse et de charges hydrocarbonées liquides.

저압 강하 충전재 구조물

... 충전된 베드는, 쉘, 입구 및 출구를 포함하는 용기로서, 상기 입구와 출구 사이 상기 쉘 내부 공간은 내부 볼륨을 형성하는, 상기 용기; 및 상기 내부 볼륨의 적어도 일부를 충전하여 충전된 볼륨을 형성하는 복수의 충전재 구조물을 포함하고, 상기 충전된 볼륨은 공극률을 가지고, 상기 충전재 구조물은 총 표면적을 제공하고; 상기 용기는 상기 용기 입구와 용기 출구 사이에 압력 강하를 가지며, 상기 압력 강하는 동일한 단면을 갖는 비-트위스트된 형상의 충전된 베드의 압력 강하의 1.0배 미만이다.

PROCESS FOR THE PARTIAL OXIDATION IN GASEOUS PHASE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYZED OF ACID A PRECURSORY MADE UP OF (MET) ACRÍLICO A (MET) ACROLEÍNA E/OU ÁCIDO (MET) ACRYLIC, MATERIAL MOLDED MIXING OXIDE ASSET IN A GEOMETRIC BODY, AND, USE OF ACID (A MET

ARTICLES COMPRISING TETRAGONAL ZIRCONIA AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME

Described is a porous ceramic body comprising zirconia having mesopores incorporated therein and the primary crystalline phase is tetragonal. When used as a carrier for a catalyst, the porous ceramic body has excellent crush resistance and a large total pore volume which results in an increase in the carrier's surface area onto which catalytic material may be deposited. Methods of making the carrier are also disclosed.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING 1,4-BUTANEDIOL BY CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION OF 1,4-BUTINEDIOL

The invention concerns a process for preparing 1,4-butanediol by continuous catalytic hydrogenation of 1,4-butinediol in that 1,4-butinediol is reacted with hydrogen in the liquid continuous phase in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst at temperatures of between 20 and 300 °C, a pressure of between 1 and 200 bar and values of the liquid-side mass transfer coefficients kLa, relative to the volume, of between 0.1 s-1 and 1s-1, a) with a catalyst suspended in the reaction medium, wherein, when a packed bubble column is used, it is operated in the upwards mode and at a ratio of the amount of gas leaving the reaction vessel to the amount fed thereto of between 0.99:1 and 0.4:1, or b) is guided upwards in parallel flow through a fixed bed reactor operated in the circulating gas mode, the ratio between the amount of gas fed to the reaction vessel and the amount of gas leaving the latter being maintained between 0.99:1 and 0.4:1.

CATALYST SUPPORT

The invention relates to a cylindrical catalyst member (1) which is characterized in that embossings are provided on the circumferential surface (3) of the catalyst member (1). Said embossings are preferably embodied as grooves (4) and webs (5) that extend parallel to the longitudinal axis (2) of the catalyst member (1).

Systems for Preparing Fine Articles and Other Substances

This invention relates to controlled preparation of fine particles such as nano-crystalline films and powders with at least one solvent being in a supercritical state. It provides methods, measures, apparatus and products produced by the methods. In other aspects, the invention relates to further treatment of formed particles such as encapsulation of formed primary particles, and methods and measures for collection of formed substances in a batch wise, semi-continuous or continuous manner.

Spherical Catalyst Supports

There is presented a catalyst support that has a substantially spherical body, penetrated with a plurality of tunnels extending from a first end on a surface location of the catalyst body to another end on another surface location of the body. The support is made of alumina or like composition. The catalyst body has a total surface that includes the outer surface and surfaces within the tunnels. This total surface is adapted to receive catalyst composition. The catalyst support is adapted to being packed in a reactor and provides lower packed bed pressure drop.

Catalyst and method for producing iso-olefins

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Katalysators, der formal 0,1 bis 20 Massen-% Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalimetalloxid, 0,1 bis 99 Massen-% Aluminiumoxid und 0,1 bis 99 Massen-% Siliziumdioxid aufweist, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es die Schritte Behandeln eines Alumosilikats mit einer wässrigen Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalimetallsalzlösung unter sauren Bedingungen und Kalzinieren des mit wässriger Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalimetallsalzlösung behandelten Alumosilikats, aufweist sowie ein durch dieses Verfahren erhältlicher Katalysator der formal Alkalimetall- und/oder Erdalkalimetalloxid, Aluminiumoxid und Siliziumdioxid aufweist, welcher dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Katalysator formal einen Anteil an Alkalimetall- und/oder Erdalkalimetalloxiden von 0,5 bis 20 Massen-%, einen Anteil an Aluminiumoxid von 4 bis 30 Massen-%, und einen Anteil an Siliziumdioxid von 60 bis 95 Massen-% aufweist, und die Verwendung dieses Katalysators in einem Verfahren ...

SUPPORTING METHOD FOR SOLID CATALYST

PURPOSE: To accurately hold the relative positions and mutual spacings of respective catalysts without increasing the ventilation resistance on the outer flow passages of the catalysts by inserting and supporting the solid catalysts in the meshes which are formed in the section of the flow passage for reactive material and consist of wire materials. CONSTITUTION: Supporting members 10 strentched with wire materials in the form of rhombic meshes are disposed in plural pieces along the gas flow direction in a reaction vessel 12 of an approximately square in section. Solid catalysts are inserted into these rhombic meshes 14 to constitute Rasching ring type catalysts 1 in a man- ner as to support these in the state of diamond type configuration. In the fugure, 2, 3 are Rasching type catalysts of a semicircle or 1/2 circle in section disposed respectively in the circumferential edge parts, and 16 is a heat insulating material such as glass fiber packed between the outer side of the members 10 ...

ПРОВОЛОЧНЫЕ ПРОСТАВКИ ДЛЯ НАРАЩИВАЕМЫХ СТРУКТУРНЫХ РЕАКТОРОВ

Изобретение относится к теплотехнике и может быть использовано в реакторах реформинга. Проволочная проставка включает в себя участок или сегмент, установленный между внешней трубой реактора и одним или несколькими компонентами реактора, расположенными внутри трубы. Компоненты реактора и внешняя труба предотвращены от вхождения в непосредственный контакт друг с другом расположением проволочной проставки. Проволочная проставка может быть закреплена к компоненту реактора на одном из ее концов или кольцевой прокладке, расположенной между компонентами реактора, установленными друг над другом. Предотвращение компонентов реактора от контакта с внешней трубой способствует потоку текучей среды через реактор и может улучшить теплоотдачу и эффективность реактора для проведения каталитических реакций. 2 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 13 ил.

ФОРМОВАННЫЕ ГЕТЕРОГЕННЫЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to moulded heterogeneous catalysts. Disclosed is a catalyst element in form of a cylinder, having length C and diameter D, which has one or more through-openings, where said cylinder has dome-shaped ends of sections A and B, such that (A+B+C)/D lies in the range of 0.50-2.00, and (A+B)/C lies in the range of 0.40-5.00. Disclosed also is a method of producing the catalyst and a catalytic method using the catalyst element. EFFECT: obtaining catalysts with a large geometric surface area and given porosity. 22 cl, 2 dwg, 2 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 488 443 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 35/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2011114153/04, 24.08.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 24.08.2009 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.10.2012 Бюл. № 29 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4656157 А, 07.04.1987. GB 893987 А, 18.04.1962. ЕР 1792651 А1, 06.06.2007. US 2001/0029235 A1, 11.10.2001. WO 2004/014549 A1, 19.02.2004. RU 2299762 C2, 27.05.2007. 2 4 8 8 4 4 3 R U (86) Заявка PCT: GB 2009/051051 (24.08.2009) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 12.04.2011 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2010/029323 (18.03.2010) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. А.В. Мицу, рег.№ 364 (54) ФОРМОВАННЫЕ ГЕТЕРОГЕННЫЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к формованным гетерогенным катализаторам. Заявлен каталитический элемент в форме цилиндра, имеющего длину С и диаметр D, который имеет одно или более отверстий, проходящих насквозь, где указанный цилиндр имеет куполообразные концы отрезков А и В, так что (A+B+C)/D находится в интервале 0,50-2,00, и (А+В)/С находится в интервале 0,40-5,00. Заявлен также способ получения каталитического катализатора и каталитический способ, использующий каталитический ...

РЕАКТОРНАЯ СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭТИЛЕНОКСИДА

Изобретение может быть использовано в химической промышленности при производстве этиленоксида, этиленгликоля, его эфиров или аминов. Реакторная система включает реакторную трубку, содержащую уплотненный слой формованного материала носителя, который может включать каталитический компонент. Формованный материал носителя, например оксид алюминия, имеет геометрическую конфигурацию полого цилиндра. Катализатор содержит серебро. Полый цилиндр имеет отношение номинальной длины к номинальному внешнему диаметру от 0,5 до 2 и отношение номинального внешнего диаметра к номинальному внутреннему диаметру, превышающее 2,7. Реакторная система имеет такие сочетания диаметра реакторной трубки и геометрических параметров формованного носителя катализатора, которые позволяют получить в реакционной системе уплотненный слой катализатора с высокой плотностью упаковки с минимальным перепадом давления через уплотненный слой катализатора. 5 н. и 16 з.п. ф-лы, 7 ил., 3 табл. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (11) 2 346 738 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ B01J 19/30 (2006.01) B01J 23/50 (2006.01) C07D 301/10 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2005138033/15, 05.05.2004 (72) Àâòîð(û): ÌÀÊÀËËÈÑÒÅÐ Ïîë Ìàéêë (US), ÁÎÑ Àëàóèñèóñ Íèêîëàñ Ðåíå (NL), ÐÈ×ÀÐÄ Ìàéêë Àëàí (US), ÐÅÊÅÐÑ Äîìèíèêóñ Ìàðè (NL) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 05.05.2004 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ØÅËË ÈÍÒÅÐÍÝØÍË ÐÈÑÅÐ× ÌÀÀÒÑÕÀÏÏÈÉ Á.Â. (NL) (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 10.04.2006 2 3 4 6 7 3 8 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 20.02.2009 Áþë. ¹ 5 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: US 4511671 À, 16.04.1985. RU 2133642 Ñ1, 27.07.1999. RU 2034648 Ñ1, 10.05.1995. SU 1468417 A3, 23.03.1989. US 4656157 À, 07.04.1987. 2 3 4 6 7 3 8 R U (86) Çà âêà PCT: US 2004/014087 (05.05.2004) C 2 C 2 (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 07.12.2005 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2004/101141 (25.11.2004) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 129010, ...

РАСШИРЯЕМОЕ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО

СПОСОБ ЗАСЫПКИ ПРОДОЛЬНОГО УЧАСТКА КОНТАКТНОЙ ТРУБЫ

... 1. Способ засыпки продольного участка контактной трубы единообразной частью твердого слоя катализатора, активная масса которого представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один мультиэлементный оксид, который содержит ! a) элементы Mo, Fe и Bi, или ! b) элементы Mo и V, или ! c) элемент V, а также дополнительно Р и/или Sb, ! или активная масса которого содержит элементарное серебро на оксидном изделии-носителе, и который состоит из одного единственного сорта Si, или из гомогенизированной смеси нескольких отличных друг от друга сортов Si каталитически активных формованных изделий определенной геометрической формы или каталитически активных формованных изделий и инертных формованных изделий определенной геометрической формы, причем медиана максимальных продольных размеров изделий определенной геометрической формы сорта Si характеризуется значением , отличающийся тем, что, по меньшей мере, в пределах одного сорта Si формованных изделий определенной геометрической формы выполняется следующий комплекс ...

SFLÄCHEN ABGERUNDETEN KATALYTISCH INAKTIVEN FORMKÖRPERN

Cylindrical catalyst body, used for steam reforming hydrocarbons, comprises extent surface, which is parallel to longitudinal axis of catalyst body running grooves and between grooves exhibiting running webs

A cylindrical catalyst body comprises an extent surface (3), which is parallel to a longitudinal axis (2) of the catalyst body running grooves (4), and between the grooves exhibiting running webs (5), where the grooves and the webs exhibits a cross section form of circle segments, the radius (7) of the circle segment of the webs is different from the radius (6) of the circle segment of the grooves.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON MONOSILAN

Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,4-Butandiol durch katalytische Hydrierung von 1,4-Butindiol

The invention concerns a process for preparing 1,4-butanediol by continuous catalytic hydrogenation of 1,4-butinediol in that 1,4-butinediol is reacted with hydrogen in the liquid continuous phase in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst at temperatures of between 20 and 300 DEG C, a pressure of between 1 and 200 bar and values of the liquid-side mass transfer coefficients kLa, relative to the volume, of between 0.1 s<-1> and 1s<-1>, a) with a catalyst suspended in the reaction medium, wherein, when a packed bubble column is used, it is operated in the upwards mode and at a ratio of the amount of gas leaving the reaction vessel to the amount fed thereto of between 0.99:1 and 0.4:1, or b) is guided upwards in parallel flow through a fixed bed reactor operated in the circulating gas mode, the ratio between the amount of gas fed to the reaction vessel and the amount of gas leaving the latter being maintained between 0.99:1 and 0.4:1.

Porous ceramic matrices

MOLDED ARTICLE ON BASIS SILICON DIOXIDE MANUFACTURED BY PYROGEN

Tubular reactor with packing

Carrier element, biological water treatment system and their use, and method for biologically treating waste water

The invention relates to a carrier element for an aerobic biological water treatment system. The carrier element has a first end and a second end at a distance from each other, the maximum diameter of the first end being larger than the maximum diameter of the second end. It also has biofilm growing surface structures that extend from the first end to the second end and from inner part of the element towards periphery of the element and at least two support structures that encircle the growing surface structures at the periphery of the element and connect the growing surface structures to each other. The support structures define the outer boundary surface of the carrier element, whereby the support structures are spaced from each other so that apertures allowing access to the biofilm growing surface structures are formed between the support structures. The invention relates also to a water treatment system employing the carrier elements.

Wire standoffs for stackable structural reactors

A wire standoff suitable for use in a tubular reactor, such as a reformer, is described. The wire standoff includes a portion or segment positioned between an outer reactor tube and one or more reactor components located within the tube. The reactor components and the outer tube are prevented from coming into directed contact with one another by the positioning of the wire standoff. The wire standoff can be secured to a reactor component at one of its ends or to a washer located between stacked reactor components. Prevention of the reactor components from contact with the outer tube promotes fluid flow through the reactor and can enhance heat transfer and reactor efficiency for carrying out catalytic reactions.

Fluid treatment apparatus

A fluid treatment apparatus comprising: a reactor vessel defining a chamber and having an inlet and an outlet to allow fluid to flow through the chamber; a UV light source adapted to transmit light within the chamber; and a plurality of catalyst members comprising a catalytic outer surface, the catalyst members being freely contained within the chamber, wherein the apparatus is adapted to cause the catalyst members to move around within the chamber as fluid flows through the chamber.

SELECTIVE SOLID CATALYST FOR TAIL END OF OLEFIN-EPOXIDATION FLOW REACTOR

In one example, a method for converting a first compound into a second compound is provided. The method includes providing the first compound in an entrance of a flow through reactor, wherein the entrance comprises a first catalyst and an oxidant, converting the first compound and the oxidant into the second compound as the first compound and the oxidant contact the first catalyst in the entrance of the flow through reactor while moving towards a tail end of the flow through reactor, and converting the first compound and the oxidant into the second compound via a solid catalyst comprising a white crystalline solid with a titanium content of about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent (wt %) in the tail end of the flow through reactor. 1. A method for converting a first compound into a second compound , comprising:providing the first compound in an entrance of a flow through reactor, wherein the entrance comprises a first catalyst and an oxidant;converting the first compound and the oxidant into the second compound as the first compound and the oxidant contact the first catalyst in the entrance of the flow through reactor while moving towards a tail end of the flow through reactor; andconverting the first compound and the oxidant into the second compound via a solid catalyst comprising a white crystalline solid with a titanium content of about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent (wt %) in the tail end of the flow through reactor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the entrance of the flow through reactor is approximately 40 degrees Celsius.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein conversion of the oxidant in the tail end is greater than 80% at temperatures greater than 110 degrees Celsius.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first compound comprises an olefin and the second compound comprises epoxide.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant comprises an organic hydroperoxide.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst comprises a solid catalyst or a ...

CATALYST PARTICLE SHAPE

A catalytic system is provided which comprises a tubular reactor and at least one catalyst particle located within the tubular reactor. The catalyst particles have a particular geometric form which promotes heat transfer with the tubular reactor. Certain specific catalyst particles are also provided. 1. A catalytic system comprising:a. a tubular reactor having a cylindrical form around an axis A-A; the internal surface of said tubular reactor having an internal diameter D and an internal radius of curvature R, defined in a plane perpendicular to the axis A-A; a first end-face and a second end-face being arranged perpendicular to said primary axis L at least in the region in which they meet said primary axis L, and', 'first and second sidewalls extending between the first and second end-faces, each of said sidewalls having a curved profile in a cross-section perpendicular to the primary axis L, wherein said first and second sidewalls each independently have an external radius of curvature R1, R2 in said plane being 0.4-0.99 times the internal radius of curvature R of the tubular reactor,', 'and wherein the maximum width D1 of the catalyst particle, measured in a plane defined perpendicular to the primary axis L, is less than 0.25 times the internal diameter D of the tubular reactor,', 'and wherein 2×R1 is greater than D1; and 2×R2 is greater than D1., 'b. at least one catalyst particle located in said tubular reactor, wherein the catalyst particle has a three-dimensional form with a primary length axis L, wherein each catalyst particle comprises2. The catalytic system claim 1 , wherein the external radii of curvature R1 claim 1 , R2 of each of the first and second sidewalls are the same.3. The catalytic system claim 1 , wherein said catalyst particle consists of opposing first and second sidewalls extending between the first and second end-faces claim 1 , and opposing third and fourth sidewalls extending between the first and second sidewalls and said first and ...

USE OF TREATING ELEMENTS TO FACILITATE FLOW IN VESSELS

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones. 1. A method of improving flow distribution of one or more streams in a process vessel comprising:passing the one or more streams through more than one processing zone within the process vessel, wherein each processing zone contains processing materials; andpassing the one or more streams through a redistribution treating zone located within the processing vessel and between an upstream processing zone and a downstream processing zone, wherein the redistribution treating zone comprises at least one layer of fixed material which provides porous structures to facilitate stream flow redistribution by laterally dispersing the one or more streams to provide improved contact between the one or more streams and the downstream processing materials within the processing vessel,wherein there is no space between the upstream processing zone and the redistribution treating zone, andwherein the redistribution zone is located adjacent to both the upstream processing zone and the downstream processing zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a bed zone is disposed upstream of the upstream processing zone.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein certain of the processing materials from the upstream processing zone mix into the redistribution treating zone to create a combo-zone having both processing zone functionality and treating zone functionality.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Catalyst Gauze and Installation for the Catalytic Oxidation of Ammonia

Catalyst gauze () for the reduction of the amount of NO in an ammonia oxidation process, containing a first layer () of woven or knitted first wire material (), whereby said first wire material () is made from Pd or a Pd-rich alloy, whereby said first layer () contains a reinforcement in the form of a second wire material () which is woven or knitted among the first wire material () and which has a different composition than the first wire material (). 115-. (canceled)16. A catalyst gauze for the reduction of the amount of NO in an ammonia oxidation process , the gauze comprising a first layer , the first layer comprising:a woven or knitted first wire material, wherein said first wire material comprises Pd or a Pd-rich alloy, anda second wire material, which is woven or knitted among the first wire material thereby reinforcing the first layer, wherein the second wire material has a different composition than the first wire material.17. Catalyst gauze of claim 16 , wherein the second wire material comprises Pt or a Pt-rich alloy.18. Catalyst gauze of claim 17 , wherein the second wire material comprises a Pt—Rh alloy with 1-10% Rh.19. Catalyst gauze of claim 16 , wherein the first layer is a knitted layer.20. Catalyst gauze of claim 16 , wherein the first wire material comprises an alloy with at least 75.0 wt % Pd.21. Catalyst gauze of claim 16 , wherein the first wire material comprises a Pd—Pt—Rh alloy with at least 80.0 wt % Pd and at least 10.0 wt % Pt.22. Catalyst gauze of claim 16 , wherein the first wire material comprises an alloy with more than 80.0 wt % and less than 82.0 wt % Pd.23. Catalyst gauze of claim 16 , wherein the second wire material is disposed in loops which extend outside the first layer claim 16 , such that at least 50 wt % of the second wire material is disposed outside the first layer.24. Catalyst gauze of claim 16 , further comprising a second layer claim 16 , the second layer comprisinga woven or knitted third wire material, wherein said ...

SHELL AND TUBE OXIDATION REACTOR WITH IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO FOULING

The present disclosure relates to a single shell open interstage reactor (“SSOI”). The SSOI comprises a first reaction stage, an interstage heat exchanger, an open interstage region, and a second reaction stage. The SSOI may be configured for upflow or downflow operation. Further, the open interstage region of the SSOI may comprise a supplemental oxidant feed. When the open interstage region comprises a supplemental oxidant feed, the SSOI may further comprise a supplemental oxidant mixing assembly. Processes for producing acrylic acid through the oxidation of propylene are also disclosed. 1. An upflow single shell open interstage reactor comprising:a) a first shell-and-tube reaction stage comprising a plurality of reaction tubes, wherein the reaction tubes of the first reaction stage comprise a first catalyst;b) an interstage heat exchanger;c) an open interstage region; andd) a second shell-and-tube reaction stage comprising a plurality of reaction tubes, wherein the reaction tubes of the second reaction stage comprise a second catalyst;wherein said interstage heat exchanger is positioned between said first reaction stage and said open interstage region, andwherein said reactor is configured for upflow operation.2. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein said interstage heat exchanger is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a plurality of interstage heat exchanger tubes.3. The reactor of claim 2 , wherein said interstage heat exchanger tubes are coaxially continuous with the reaction tubes of the first reaction stage.4. The reactor of claim 2 , wherein said interstage heat exchanger tubes comprise a catalyst retaining device.5. The reactor of claim 4 , wherein said catalyst retaining device is capable of inducing turbulence within the said interstage heat exchanger tubes.6. The reactor of claim 2 , wherein said interstage heat exchanger tubes comprise high void fraction claim 2 , turbulence-inducing inserts.7. The reactor of claim 6 , wherein said inserts have a ...

USE OF TREATING ELEMENTS TO FACILITATE FLOW IN VESSELS

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones. 1. A method of loading a process vessel comprising:loading a downstream zone of processing materials into the process vessel;loading a zone of treating elements into the process vessel above the downstream zone of processing materials; andloading an upstream zone of processing materials into the process vessel above the zone of treating elements,wherein the upstream zone of processing materials is loaded such that it is adjacent to the zone of treating elements,and wherein there is no physical device disposed between the upstream zone of processing materials and the zone of treating elements in the process vessel,and wherein there is no physical device disposed between the downstream zone of processing materials and the zone of treating elements in the process vessel,and wherein at least some of the processing elements from the upstream zone are capable of migrating into, and commingling with, treating elements in a section of the zone of treating elements adjacent the upstream zone to form a combination zone having processing and treating functionality.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising loading a pre-mixed zone of treating elements and processing elements into the process vessel prior to loading the upstream zone of processing materials.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising loading claim 1 , upstream of the upstream zone of processing materials ...

High aspect ratio catalytic reactor and catalyst inserts therefor

The present invention relates to high efficient tubular catalytic steam reforming reactor configured from about 0.2 inch to about 2 inch inside diameter high temperature metal alloy tube or pipe and loaded with a plurality of rolled catalyst inserts comprising metallic monoliths. The catalyst insert substrate is formed from a single metal foil without a central supporting structure in the form of a spiral monolith. The single metal foil is treated to have 3-dimensional surface features that provide mechanical support and establish open gas channels between each of the rolled layers. This unique geometry accelerates gas mixing and heat transfer and provides a high catalytic active surface area. The small diameter, high aspect ratio tubular catalytic steam reforming reactors loaded with rolled catalyst inserts can be arranged in a multi-pass non-vertical parallel configuration thermally coupled with a heat source to carry out steam reforming of hydrocarbon-containing feeds. The rolled catalyst inserts are self-supported on the reactor wall and enable efficient heat transfer from the reactor wall to the reactor interior, and lower pressure drop than known particulate catalysts. The heat source can be oxygen transport membrane reactors.

Low pressure drop packing material structures

A packed bed includes a vessel including a shell, an inlet, and an outlet, wherein the space inside the shell between the inlet and outlet forms an internal volume; a plurality of packing material structures filling at least a portion of the internal volume thereby forming a packed volume, wherein the packed volume has a void fraction, and the packing material structures provide an aggregate surface area; and the vessel has a pressure drop between the vessel inlet and vessel outlet, wherein the pressure drop is less than 1.0 times that of a packed bed of the non-twisted shapes with the same cross-section.

SHELL AND TUBE OXIDATION REACTOR WITH IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO FOULING

The present disclosure relates to a single shell open interstage reactor (“SSOI”). The SSOI comprises a first reaction stage, an interstage heat exchanger, an open interstage region, and a second reaction stage. The SSOI may be configured for upflow or downflow operation. Further, the open interstage region of the SSOI may comprise a supplemental oxidant feed. When the open interstage region comprises a supplemental oxidant feed, the SSOI may further comprise a supplemental oxidant mixing assembly. Processes for producing acrylic acid through the oxidation of propylene are also disclosed. 1. A process of making acrylic acid comprising:a) providing a mixed feed gas comprising propylene to a first shell-and-tube reaction stage, wherein the first shell-and-tube reaction stage comprises a mixed metal oxide catalyst;b) oxidizing the propylene in the first shell-and-tube reaction stage to produce a process gas comprising acrolein;c) cooling the process gas to a temperature ranging from 240° C. to 280° C. in an interstage heat exchanger;d) passing the cooled process gas through an open interstage region;e) passing the process gas to a second shell-and-tube reaction stage, wherein the tubes of the second shell-and-tube reaction stage have an internal diameter greater than 22.3 mm and wherein the second shell-and-tube reaction stage comprises a mixed metal oxide catalyst;f) oxidizing the acrolein in the second shell-and-tube reaction stage to produce a product gas comprising acrylic acid; andg) transferring the product gas between a reactor outlet and downstream collection and purification equipment using large diameter exit piping having an outlet diameter ratio, Ko, of 0.08 or more.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second reactor stage comprises a conical outlet reactor head.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the open interstage region is at least partially filled with at least one inert material.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein passing the cooled process gas ...

Process for the oxidative coupling of methane

The invention relates to a process for the oxidative coupling of methane comprising converting methane to one or more C2+ hydrocarbons in a reactor, wherein said process comprises contacting a reactor feed comprising methane and oxygen with a catalyst composition and wherein the linear gas velocity of said reactor feed in the region above the catalyst bed is at least 0.6 m/s, the linear gas velocity through the catalyst bed is at least 0.6 m/s and the partial pressure of oxygen in the reactor is greater than 0.08 MPa.

SEPARATION METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PROCESS STREAMS IN COMPONENT SEPARATION UNITS

A method for removing contaminants from a process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active. 1. A method of removing contaminants from a contaminated process stream comprising:a) providing a plurality of randomly packed reticulated elements within a process unit, wherein the reticulated elements are sized such that there is a significant and varied void space therebetween, and wherein the entire depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements is capable of filtering contaminants from the process stream; and(b) contacting the contaminated process stream with the reticulated elements to filter contaminants from the contaminated process stream on a surface of the reticulated elements while allowing the process stream to pass through the significant and varied void space between the reticulated elements to produce a substantially decontaminated process stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reticulated elements comprise a plurality of disk-shaped elements.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reticulated elements comprise a plurality of monoliths.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements within the process unit is at least six inches.56. The method of claim claim 1 , wherein the depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements ...

CATALYTIC REACTOR

A catalytic reactor for industrial-scale hydrogenation processes is described. The catalytic reactor contains a catalytic fixed bed that comprises a support structure and a catalyst. During operation of the reaction in the catalytic reactor, the fixed bed is filled with reaction medium to at least 85% by volume. A very high contact area of the catalyst with the reaction medium is at the same time provided. The support structure is formed from material webs having a thickness of 5 to 25 μm, with a crosslinking density of at least 3 mmpresent. The support structure consists of metals selected from elements of groups 8, 6 and 11 of the periodic table of the elements and mixtures thereof. 112-. (canceled)13. A catalytic reactor , comprising a catalytic fixed bed having a volume V , a support structure and a catalyst , wherein , during a reaction , the catalytic fixed bed is filled with a reaction medium to at least 85% by volume and the contact area of the catalyst with the reaction medium is at least 2000 mper mvolume of the catalytic fixed bed; and wherein:{'sup': '−3', 'a) the support structure is formed from material webs having a thickness of 5 to 25 μm, with a crosslinking density of at least 3 mmpresent;'}b) the support structure consists of metals selected from elements of groups 8, 6 and 11 of the periodic table of the elements and mixtures thereof;c) the support structure is catalytically inert and serves as a support body for a catalyst that is applied to the support structure in the form of a catalytically active coating.14. The catalytic reactor of claim 13 , wherein the proportion of the catalyst applied to the support structure through coating is 2 to 500 kg per mvolume of the catalytic fixed bed.15. The catalytic reactor of claim 14 , wherein the catalyst comprises: 60% to 99.8% by weight of support oxides and 0.2% to 10% by weight of catalytically active components claim 14 , wherein the percentages are claim 14 , in each case claim 14 , based on the ...

USE OF TREATING ELEMENTS TO FACILITATE FLOW IN VESSELS

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones. 1. A vessel for treating a process stream , the vessel comprising:a first processing zone containing a plurality of randomly packed processing materials;a second processing zone containing a plurality of randomly packed processing materials; anda redistribution zone located between the first processing zone and the second processing zone, the redistribution zone comprising a mix of both processing materials and treating elements, the treating elements having one or more openings formed therein or therethrough.2. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the treating elements comprise reticulated elements.3. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the treating elements are randomly packed within the vessel.4. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the elements have one or more openings which allow fluid to flow into or through the internal body of the element.5. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the treating elements are capable of mitigating stream channeling of the process stream as it passes from the first processing zone and increases lateral distribution of the flow of the process stream as it passes to the second processing zone6. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the redistribution zone is located adjacent to both the first processing zone and the second processing zone.7. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the treating elements have one or more asperities formed on the surfaces thereof.8. The ...

Methods for manufacture of extruded objects

In a method of manufacturing objects, extrudable ceramic forming material is extruded through multiple dies arrayed around an extrusion axis, the dies mounted to permit controlled movement of the dies during the course of extrusion to vary the position of several extrudate streams exiting the dies. Extruded objects are defined by spokes corresponding to the extrudate streams with the streams having a varying spacing from a central axis.

REACTOR PACKING WITH PREFERENTIAL FLOW CATALYST

The present invention relates to reactor tubes packed with a catalyst system employed to deliberately bias process gas flow toward the hot tube segment and away from the cold segment in order to reduce the circumferential tube temperature variation. 16-. (canceled)7. A catalyst with a structural element disposed in the interior of one or more tubes within a tubular reformer , comprising: a structural element that circumferentially biases a process gas flow , where the process gas stream comprise steam and at least one hydrocarbon , toward the at least one tube wall side of greater incident heat flux.8. The structural element of claim 7 , wherein the structural element directs flow away from tube wall sides of lesser incident heat flux.9. The structural element of claim 7 , wherein the structural element is a flow resistance element disposed between catalyst sections along the length of the tube.10. The structural element of claim 9 , wherein the flow resistance elements are perforated plates or grates with circumferentially non-uniform open channels.11. The structural element of claim 9 , wherein the flow resistance elements have a lesser flow resistance toward the sides of the tube with greater incident flux claim 9 , thereby biasing flow toward these tube wall sides.12. The structural element of claim 11 , wherein the flow resistance elements have a greater flow resistance toward the sides of the tube with lesser incident heat flux claim 11 , thereby biasing flow away from these tube wall sides.13. The catalyst with a structural element of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst is in pelletized form supported by the structural element where said element is a perforated metal basket having non-uniform flow openings that preferentially directs flow.14. The structural element of claim 13 , wherein a greater portion of flow opening is disposed adjacent the tube wall sides with greater incident heat flux.15. The structural element of claim 13 , wherein a lesser portion of flow ...

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

USE OF TREATING ELEMENTS TO FACILITATE FLOW IN VESSELS

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones. 1. A method of improving flow distribution of one or more streams in a process vessel comprising:passing the one or more streams through an upstream processing zone and a downstream processing zone within the process vessel, the upstream processing zone and downstream processing zone each containing one or more beds of processing materials; andpassing the one or more streams through a redistribution treating zone located between the upstream processing zone and downstream processing zone,wherein the redistribution treating zone has a depth of four feet or less and contains treating elements,and wherein the redistribution treating zone mitigates stream channeling of the streams exiting the upstream processing zone and affects lateral redistribution of the flow of the one or more streams within the downstream processing zone,and wherein the treating elements have a hollow tube shape,and wherein the treating elements have one or more open cells which form a plurality of interconnected fluid flow pathways within and through each treating element,and wherein the treating elements are up to 100 times the size of the individual processing materials within the process vessel.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein no space between the upstream processing zone and the redistribution treating zone is consumed by a structure internal to the process vessel.3. The method of claim 1 , ...

Engineered inert media for use in fixed bed dehydrogenation reactors

A method of carrying out the dehydrogenation of lower alkanes in a fixed-bed reactor containing a catalyst bed, the catalyst bed comprising (i) catalyst particles supporting a catalyst effective to promote said dehydrogenation and (ii) engineered inert diluent particles, where the method comprises passing the lower alkane in gaseous form through the catalyst bed, wherein the engineered inert diluent particles have a cross-sectional shape having two opposing convex edges joined by and intersecting two opposing concave edges, and a plurality of holes between said edges penetrating through the particle.

STRUCTURED ELEMENTS AND METHODS OF USE

Structured elements with capabilities for stream flow division and distribution and mitigation of undesired species that exceed those of conventionally available materials are provided. The structured elements provide increased opportunities for surface attraction, retention and coalescence of undesired species in a process stream. The functional contact surfaces of the structured elements can include one or more of the faces of cells, the surfaces of struts connecting cells, the surfaces of nodes connecting struts, and the surfaces of asperities or irregularities caused by channels, flutes, spikes, fibrils or filaments in or on the material surfaces. 1. A method of filtration of a fluid stream containing filterable solids in a process unit , the method comprising:passing the fluid stream through a plurality of structured elements in the process unit, wherein each structured element comprises one or more interconnected unit cells, each unit cell having a frame with a three-dimensional polyhedron structure and a plurality of faces, and wherein the faces include a combination of open, partially open and closed faces, and wherein the frame, the partially open faces, and the closed faces each have a plurality of differently-shaped asperities disposed on the surfaces thereof, and wherein the structured elements comprise at least one material that chemically mitigates the presence of undesired species in the fluid stream; andcontacting the fluid stream with the plurality of structured elements.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid stream is an industrial process stream and the process unit is an industrial process unit.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the structured elements comprise a plurality of differently-shaped unit cells.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the asperities comprise one or more of fibrils and filaments.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one material comprises a wash coating on the structured elements that attracts and retain ...

STRUCTURED ELEMENTS AND METHODS OF USE

Structured elements with capabilities for stream flow division and distribution and mitigation of undesired species that exceed those of conventionally available materials are provided. The structured elements provide increased opportunities for surface attraction, retention and coalescence of undesired species in a process stream. The functional contact surfaces of the structured elements can include one or more of the faces of cells, the surfaces of struts connecting cells, the surfaces of nodes connecting struts, and the surfaces of asperities or irregularities caused by channels, flutes, spikes, fibrils or filaments in or on the material surfaces. 1. A method of distributing the flow of a fluid stream within a process unit , the method comprising:passing the fluid stream through a plurality of structured elements in the process unit, each structured element comprising one or more interconnected unit cells, each unit cell having a frame with a three-dimensional polyhedron structure and a plurality of faces, wherein the faces include a combination of open faces, partially open faces and closed faces, and wherein the frame, the partially open faces and the closed faces each have a plurality of differently-shaped asperities disposed on the surfaces thereof; andcontacting the fluid stream with the structured elements as the fluid stream flows through the structured elements, such that the fluid steam is subdivided into substreams.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the asperities comprise one or more of channels claim 1 , flutes claim 1 , spikes claim 1 , fibrils and filaments.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the structured elements comprise a plurality of differently-shaped unit cells.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the asperities comprise one or more of fibrils and filaments. This application is a divisional application and claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/393,573, filed Dec. 29, 2016, which claims the benefit, ...

Process for introducing a portion withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular coated catalysts k into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor

A process for introducing annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, in which adhering pairs of annular coated catalysts K formed in the preparation of the annular coated catalysts K, before the introduction thereof into the reaction tube, are removed at least partly from the annular coated catalysts K.

Process for introducing a portion withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor

A process for introducing annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, in which adhering pairs of annular coated catalysts K formed in the preparation of the annular coated catalysts K, before the introduction thereof into the reaction tube, are removed at least partly from the annular coated catalysts K.

Shaped heterogeneous catalysts

A catalyst unit is described in the form of a cylinder having a length C and diameter D, which has one or more holes extending therethrough, wherein said cylinder has domed ends of lengths A and B, such that (A+B+C)/D is in the range 0.50 to 2.00, and (A+B)/C is in the range 0.40 to 5.00. The catalyst or catalyst unit preferably has one or more flutes running along its length. The catalyst may be used particularly in steam reforming reactors.

Removable protective coating for the receipt of a dust free catalyst

Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Structured elements and methods of use

Structured elements with capabilities for stream flow division and distribution and mitigation of undesired species that exceed those of conventionally available materials are provided. The structured elements provide increased opportunities for surface attraction, retention and coalescence of undesired species in a process stream. The functional contact surfaces of the structured elements can include one or more of the faces of cells, the surfaces of struts connecting cells, the surfaces of nodes connecting struts, and the surfaces of asperities or irregularities caused by channels, flutes, spikes, fibrils or filaments in or on the material surfaces.

Resaturation of gas into a liquid feedstream

A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.

Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units

A method and assembly for utilizing open-cell cellular solid material in a component separation unit to separate one or more process streams into component process streams having desired compositions. A method and assembly for using said open-cell cellular solid material to separate process streams into desired component process streams in a component separation unit, wherein the open-cell cellular solid material can include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, ceramics, metals, polymers, and chemical vapor deposition materials.

Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active.

Structured elements and methods of use

Structured elements with capabilities for stream flow division and distribution and mitigation of undesired species that exceed those of conventionally available materials are provided. The structured elements provide increased opportunities for surface attraction, retention and coalescence of undesired species in a process stream. The functional contact surfaces of the structured elements can include one or more of the faces of cells, the surfaces of struts connecting cells, the surfaces of nodes connecting struts, and the surfaces of asperities or irregularities caused by channels, flutes, spikes, fibrils or filaments in or on the material surfaces.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Heterogeneous catalyzed gas phase production of (meth)acrolein and/or meth(acrylic acid) using mixed oxide catalyst formed into geometrically shaped article of specific geometric characteristics

A process for the heterogeneous catalyzed gas phase partial oxidation of a precursor compound of (meth)acrylic acid to (meth)acrolein and/or meth(acrylic acid) using a mixed oxide catalyst formed into a geometrically shaped article of specific geometric characteristics. A process for the heterogeneous catalyzed gas phase partial oxidation of a precursor compound of (meth)acrylic acid to (meth)acrolein and/or meth(acrylic acid) in which a reaction mixture comprising the precursor compound, molecular oxygen and optionally an inert gas is fed at elevated temperature through a fixed catalyst bed containing a mixed oxide catalyst formed into a geometrically shaped article formed from a base shape that is processed to have at least one cavity such that the ratio of the volume of the geometric shape VK to the volume of the geometric base shape VG is less than or equal to 0.63 and the ratio of the outer surface of the geometric shape (OK) to its volume is at least 22 cm<-1>.

Catalyst preparation

Shaped catalyst for heterogeneously catalyzed reactions

Die Anmeldung betrifft einen geformten Katalysator für heterogenkatalysierte Reaktionen, bestehend aus einem zu Hohlzylindern geformten katalytisch aktiven Material oder aus einem zu Hohlzylindern geformten inerten Trägermaterial, auf das eine katalytisch aktive Masse aufgebracht ist, wobei der Aussendurchmesser der Hohlzylinder 3 bis 20 mm, der Innendurchmesser das 0,1 bis 0,7-fache des Aussendurchmessers und die Länge das 0,2- bis 2-fache des Aussendurchmessers beträgt. Die Stirnfläche des Hohlzylinders ist so gekrümmt, dass der Radius der Krümmung das 0,4-bis 5-fache des Aussendurchmessers beträgt. Die neuen Katalysatoren sind insbesondere für partielle Oxidationen in der Gasphase geeignet. The application relates to a shaped catalyst for heterogeneously catalyzed reactions, consisting of a catalytically active material shaped into hollow cylinders or of an inert carrier material shaped into hollow cylinders, to which a catalytically active composition is applied, the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder being 3 to 20 mm, the inner diameter of the 0.1 to 0.7 times the outside diameter and the length is 0.2 to 2 times the outside diameter. The end face of the hollow cylinder is curved so that the radius of the curvature is 0.4 to 5 times the outer diameter. The new catalysts are particularly suitable for partial oxidations in the gas phase.

분진 없는 촉매를 제공하기 위한 제거 가능한 보호 피막

본 발명은, 촉매 물질로 형성된 촉매체를 포함하는 안정화된 촉매 금형에 관한 것으로서, 상기 촉매 물질은 촉매 활성 물질 또는 촉매 활성 물질의 전구체 물질을 포함하고, 촉매 금형의 표면의 적어도 일부에 유기 결합제를 포함하는 보호 피막이 제공되어 있음을 특징으로 한다. 또한, 본 발명은, 안정화된 촉매 금형을 수득하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다.

Selective monoepoxidation of styrene, styrene analogs, and styrene derivatives to the corresponding oxide with molecular oxygen

Process is disclosed for the slective monoepoxidation of styrene, styrene analogs, and styrene derivatives. Such compounds are contacted with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a promoted, optionally supported silver catalyst under defined reaction conditions, thereby selectively producing opoxides in good yield.

Bed support media

A system for treatment of one or more flowing materials includes a support bed ( 32 ) comprising a plurality of support elements ( 34 ). The support bed may have a void fraction of at least 45%. An active bed ( 36 ), such as a bed of catalytic elements, may be supported by the support bed. The void fraction of the support bed may be larger than that of an equivalent bed of conventional, spherical elements, enabling significant improvements in the flow rate of reactants through the bed and/or a reduced pressure drop across the support bed.

Bed support media

A system for treatment of one or more flowing materials includes a support bed ( 32 ) comprising a plurality of support elements ( 34 ). The support bed may have a void fraction of at least 45%. An active bed ( 36 ), such as a bed of catalytic elements, may be supported by the support bed. The void fraction of the support bed may be larger than that of an equivalent bed of conventional, spherical elements, enabling significant improvements in the flow rate of reactants through the bed and/or a reduced pressure drop across the support bed.

Catalyst for producing ethylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation

A shaped catalyst body for producing ethylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation of ethylene, comprising silver deposited on a porous refractory support, the shaped catalyst body having a first face side surface, a second face side surface and a circumferential surface, characterized by a content of at least 20 wt.-% of silver, relative to the total weight of the shaped catalyst body; a cylinder structure with n void spaces running in the cylinder periphery along the cylinder height to form an n-lobed structure, wherein n is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; n passageways extending from the first face side surface to the second face side surface, each passageway being assigned to one lobe, wherein neighboring passageways are arranged essentially equidistantly to each other; an n-fold rotational symmetry; a shortest distance A between two neighboring passageways in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 mm; a shortest distance B between each passageway and the circumferential surface in the range of 1.1 to 2.0 mm; and a BET surface area in the range of 1.6 to 3.0 m 2 /g. The shaped catalyst bodies allow for a favorable balance between mechanical stability, pressure drop and selectivity. The invention further relates to a reactor tube packed with the shaped catalyst bodies, a process for producing ethylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation of ethylene, comprising reacting ethylene and oxygen in the presence of the shaped catalyst bodies and to a process for preparing a shaped catalyst bodies.

Katalysator-forloeper, f.eks. for ammoniakksyntese-katalysatorer.

Корковый катализатор, предназначенный, в частности, для окисления метанола в формальдегид, и способ его изготовления

Изобретение относится к корковому катализатору, предназначенному, в частности, для окисления метанола в формальдегид, способу его получения и применению катализатора для окисления метанола в формальдегид. Описан катализатор, содержащий на инертном, предпочтительно по существу непористом носителе по меньшей мере один слой покрытия, которое перед удалением органических составляющих компонентов b) и c) содержит (а) оксиды или переводимые в соответствующие оксиды предшествующие соединения молибдена и железа, причем молярное соотношение Mo:Fe находится в интервале от 1:1 до 5:1, а также, в случае необходимости, другие металлические или металлооксидные составляющие или переводимые в соответствующие оксиды предшествующие соединения, (b) по меньшей мере одно органическое связующее вещество, предпочтительно водную дисперсию сополимеров, выбранных, в частности, из винилацетата/виниллаурата, винилацетата/этилена, винилацетата/акрилата, винилацетата/малеата, стирола/акрилата или их смесей, и (с) по меньшей мере один другой компонент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из золя SiO 2 или его предшественника, золя Аl 2 О 3 или его предшественника, золя ZrO 2 или его предшественника, золя TiO 2 или его предшественника, жидкого стекла, MgO, цемента, мономеров, олигомеров или полимеров силанов, алкоксисиланов, арилоксисиланов, акрилоксисиланов, аминосиланов, силоксанов или силанолов. Описывается также способ получения катализатора и его предпочтительное применение в способе с неподвижным слоем катализатора. Технический эффект - получение активного, селективного и износостойкого катализатора. 3 н. и 32 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 393 014 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J B01J B01J B01J C07C C07C 23/881 (2006.01) 37/02 (2006.01) 35/02 (2006.01) 37/08 (2006.01) 47/052 (2006.01) 45/38 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2008125057/04, 23.11.2006 (24) Дата начала отсчета ...

Catalyst arrangement

메타크롤레인 합성용 촉매

내용 없음.

制备用于将乙烯氧化为氧化乙烯的催化剂的方法

公开了一种用于制备氧化乙烯的催化剂成型体，其至少包含施加于氧化铝载体的银和铼，以及一种制备其的方法，其中所述氧化铝载体具有中空圆柱体几何形状，且所述催化剂成型体具有铼含量C R ，且C R /重量ppm基于中空圆柱体的壁厚d W (以mm计)为120≤C R /d W ≤200。

Catalyst with support structure

Shaped catalyst particles

Shaped catalyst particles are described which are particularly useful in hydrocarbon conversion processes and, in particular, in processes which are influenced by mass transfer such as the trickle bed hydrogenation process and hydrotreating of residuum.

Catalyst with support structure

The present invention provides a catalyst carrier, catalyst and catalyst precursor comprising a refractory metal oxide and support structure comprising a wire gauze having between 100 2 to 600 2 openings per inch 2 , and having a wire thickness in the range of 20 micrometer to 110 micrometer. The volume of the support structure is less than 50% of the volume of the catalyst carrier and at least 70% of said openings are filled with the refractory metal oxide.

Catalyst with active metal component supported on a metal oxide covered support consisting of metallic gauze

The present invention relates to a catalyst carrier, catalyst and catalyst precursor comprising a refractory metal oxide and support structure comprising a wire gauze having between 100 2 to 600 2 openings per inch 2 , and having a wire thickness in the range of 20 micrometer to 110 micrometer. The volume of the support structure is less than 50% of the volume of the catalyst carrier and at least 70% of said openings are filled with the refractory metal oxide.

Low pressure drop packing material structures

填充床包含容器，所述容器包含外壳、入口和出口，其中所述外壳内部的在所述入口和出口之间的空间形成内部体积；多个填充材料结构，其填满所述内部体积的至少一部分进而形成填充体积，其中所述填充体积具有空隙分率，并且所述填充材料结构提供总表面面积；以及所述容器在所述容器入口和容器出口之间具有压降，其中所述压降不到具有相同横截面的非扭曲形状填充床的压降的1.0倍。

Gas Resaturation to Liquid Feed Stream

반응 공정 용기에 포함된 하나 이상의 액체 스트림과의 가스 교환 및 화학 반응을 가능하게 하는 방법이 제공된다. 공정 용기 내의 하나 이상의 교환 층은 수집 매체와 방출 매체 모두로 구성될 수 있다. 교환 층은 요소가 가스 성분 혼합 및 확산을 촉진하여 용기 작동의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한다. 가스 성분 교환 속도가 향상된다는 것은 코킹이 적고 반응에 사용할 수 있는 가스 성분이 더 많다는 것을 의미한다.

shaped heterogeneous catalysts

Catalytic unit

本申请公开了一种布置在竖直反应管(50)内的催化装置，所述装置包括：结构催化剂(52)，该结构催化剂在反应管的上部部分中；颗粒催化剂(56)，该颗粒催化剂在所述结构催化剂(52)下面在所述反应管的下部部分中；以及催化剂支承装置，该催化剂支承装置布置在结构催化剂(52)和颗粒催化剂(56)之间，其中，催化剂支承装置包括圆柱形本体(72)，该圆柱形本体有用于与结构催化剂连接的第一端以及第二端，该圆柱形本体的直径为管的内径的70‑90％，且长度/直径在0.5‑2.5范围内。

Method for introducing a subset taken from at least one production batch of annular shell catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor

Ein Verfahren zum Einbringen von ringförmigen Schalenkatalysatoren K in ein Reaktionsrohr eines Rohrbündelreaktors, bei dem bei der Herstellung der ringförmigen Schalenkatalysatoren K entstandene Zwillinge von ringförmigen Schalenkatalysatoren K vorab der Einbringung derselben in das Reaktionsrohr wenigstens teilweise von den ringförmigen Schalenkatalysatoren K abgetrennt werden. A process for introducing annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube reactor in which twins of annular shell catalysts K formed in the preparation of the annular shell catalysts K are at least partially separated from the annular shell catalysts K in advance of their introduction into the reaction tube.

Method for introducing into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, a partial amount withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular-shaped shell catalysts k

The invention relates to a method for introducing annular shaped shell catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor. According to the invention, during the production of the annular-shaped shell catalysts K, pairs of annular-shaped shell catalysts K that are formed are separated at least partially from the annular-shaped shell catalysts prior to introducing into the reaction tube.

Method for introducing into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, a partial amount withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular-shaped shell catalysts k

본 발명은 고리형의 쉘 촉매 K를 튜브 다발 반응기의 반응 튜브 내로 도입시키는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 고리형의 쉘 촉매 K의 제조 도중에, 형성된 고리형의 쉘 촉매 K 쌍을, 반응 튜브 내로 도입시키기 이전에, 고리형의 쉘 촉매로부터 적어도 부분적으로 분리시킨다. The present invention relates to a method for introducing an annular shell catalyst K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor. According to the present invention, during the production of the cyclic shell catalyst K, the cyclic shell catalyst K pair formed is at least partially separated from the cyclic shell catalyst prior to introduction into the reaction tube.

Method for introducing into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, a partial amount withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular-shaped shell catalysts k

本发明涉及一种将环状涂层催化剂K导入管束反应器的反应管中的方法，其中，在将环状涂层催化剂K导入反应管之前，将制备环状涂层催化剂K过程中形成的环状涂层催化剂K的粘附对，至少部分地从环状涂层催化剂K中去除。

"PROCESSES FOR INTRODUCING A REMOVED PART OF AT LEAST A LOAD OF CATALYST PRODUCERS AND FOR PREPARATION OF COATED ANNULAR CATALYSTORS, USE OF COATED ANNULAL CATALYMERS, AND PACKAGING".

Method for introducing into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, a partial amount withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular-shaped shell catalysts k

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A METHOD FOR INTRODUCING ANNULAR SHAPED SHELL CATALYSTS K INTO A REACTION TUBE OF A TUBE BUNDLE REACTOR. ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION, DURING THE PRODUCTION OF THE ANNULAR-SHAPED SHELL CATALYSTS K, PAIRS OF ANNULAR-SHAPED SHELL CATALYSTS K THAT ARE FORMED ARE SEPARATED AT LEAST PARTIALLY FROM THE ANNULAR-SHAPED SHELL CATALYSTS PRIOR TO INTRODUCING INTO THE REACTION TUBE.

Method for introduction of some part extracted at least from one batch of ring-shaped shell-type "k" catalysts to reaction tube of shell-and-tube reactor

FIELD: power industry. SUBSTANCE: according to the proposed method for introduction of K catalysts to reaction tube of shell-and-tube reactor, twins (doubled catalysts strongly coupled to each other) formed during production of K catalysts are partially removed from at least one batch and/or from extracted portion of ring-shaped shell-type K catalysts prior to their introduction to reaction tube. Catalysts are made by application of catalytically active mass to ring-shaped moulded parts-carriers by means of a liquid binding agent. Upon completion of the production process, twins of catalysts obtained during production are separated at least partially. Also, the description of the above catalysts used for loading with solid layer of catalyst of reaction tubes in shell-and-tube reactor and packing made by placing the portion quantity of catalyst moulded parts in the cover from packing material is provided. EFFECT: enlarging the life time of catalyst and reducing the probability of occurrence of hot points. 16 cl, 11 dwg, 3 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 469 784 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/06 (2006.01) B07B 1/46 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010101009/04, 12.06.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 12.06.2008 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: GB 778134 A, 03.07.1957. RU 2004124371 A, 10.03.2005. WO 2005/113123 A1, 01.12.2005. DE 10047693 A1, 11.04.2002. EP 700866 A, 13.03.1996. 2 4 6 9 7 8 4 R U (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2008/057342 (12.06.2008) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 15.01.2010 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2008/152080 (18.12.2008) Адрес для переписки: 105064, Москва, а/я 88, "Патентные поверенные Квашнин, Сапельников и партнеры" (54) СПОСОБ ВВЕДЕНИЯ ЧАСТИ, ОТОБРАННОЙ, ПО МЕНЬШЕЙ МЕРЕ, ИЗ ОДНОЙ ПАРТИИ КОЛЬЦЕОБРАЗНЫХ ОБОЛОЧЕЧНЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ К, В РЕАКЦИОННУЮ ТРУБУ КОЖУХОТРУБНОГО РЕАКТОРА (57) ...

Method for introducing into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, a partial amount withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular-shaped shell catalysts k

The invention relates to a method for introducing annular shaped shell catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor. According to the invention, during the production of the annular-shaped shell catalysts K, pairs of annular-shaped shell catalysts K that are formed are separated at least partially from the annular-shaped shell catalysts prior to introducing into the reaction tube.

Method for introducing into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor,a partial amount withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular-shaped shell catalysts k

A process for introducing annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, in which adhering pairs of annular coated catalysts K formed in the preparation of the annular coated catalysts K, before the introduction thereof into the reaction tube, are removed at least partly from the annular coated catalysts K.

Molded catalyst for reactions carried out under heterogeneous catalysis

A molded catalyst for reactions carried out under heterogeneous catalysis consists of a catalytically active material shaped into hollow cylinders, or of an inert carrier which is shaped into hollow cylinders and onto which catalytically active material is applied the external diameter of the hollow cylinders being from 3 to 20 mm, the internal diameter being from 0.1 to 0.7 times the external diameter and the length being from 0.2 times to twice the external diameter. The end faces of the hollow cylinder are curved so that the radius of curvature is from 0.4 to 5 times the external diameter. The novel catalysts are particularly useful for partial oxidation in the gas phase.

ODUCTION BLADE OF RING-SHAPED SHELL CATALYSTS IN A REAGENT TUBE OF A TUBE BREAKER

Process for introducing a portion withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor

本发明涉及一种将环状涂层催化剂K导入管束反应器的反应管中的方法，其中，在将环状涂层催化剂K导入反应管之前，将制备环状涂层催化剂K过程中形成的环状涂层催化剂K的粘附对，至少部分地从环状涂层催化剂K中去除。

The method of the reaction tube of the part ingress pipe bundle reactor that will from least a production filler of annular-shaped shell catalysts K, take out

本发明涉及一种将环状涂层催化剂K导入管束反应器的反应管中的方法，其中，在将环状涂层催化剂K导入反应管之前，将制备环状涂层催化剂K过程中形成的环状涂层催化剂K的粘附对，至少部分地从环状涂层催化剂K中去除。

Method for introducing into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor, a partial amount withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular-shaped shell catalysts k

The invention relates to a method for introducing annular shaped shell catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor. According to the invention, during the production of the annular-shaped shell catalysts K, pairs of annular-shaped shell catalysts K that are formed are separated at least partially from the annular-shaped shell catalysts prior to introducing into the reaction tube.

Process for introducing a portion withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor

Process for introducing a portion withdrawn from at least one production charge of annular coated catalysts K into a reaction tube of a tube bundle reactor

本发明涉及一种将环状涂层催化剂K导入管束反应器的反应管中的方法，其中，在将环状涂层催化剂K导入反应管之前，将制备环状涂层催化剂K过程中形成的环状涂层催化剂K的粘附对，至少部分地从环状涂层催化剂K中去除。

Process for charging a reactor with a fixed catalyst bed which comprises at least annular shaped catalyst bodies k

A process for charging a reactor with a fixed catalyst bed which comprises at least one annular shaped support catalyst body K, in which, before the charging, fragments formed in the preparation of the shaped catalyst bodies K are removed by screening.

Oxidation catalyst with saddle-shaped carrier

本发明涉及一种氧化催化剂、其制备方法、其在不同催化气相氧化反应中的用途以及用于催化气相氧化反应的相应方法，所述氧化催化剂包含至少一种无机的氧化或陶瓷的成型载体，所述成型载体具有基于载体计的小于0.5m 2 /g的BET表面积，其至少部分地涂覆有催化活性的多元素氧化物，其中所述催化剂不含贵金属且所述成型载体具有鞍形形状，其鞍形表面沿两个主方向相对弯曲。

Process for the preparation of catalysts having formally alkali metal oxides and / or alkaline earth metal oxides, aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, catalysts of this type and processes for the preparation of isoolefins having 4 to 6 carbon atoms

Method for catalytic vapor phase dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Structured elements and methods of use

스트림 유동 분할 및 분배와 종래에 이용 가능한 재료를 초과하는 원하지 않는 종의 완화를 위한 구조화 요소가 제공된다. 구조화 요소는 공정 유동에서 원하지 않는 종의 표면 인력, 유지 및 유착 기회를 증가시킨다. 구조화 요소의 기능적 접촉 표면은 셀의 하나 이상의 면, 셀을 연결하는 스트럿 표면, 스트럿을 연결하는 노드의 표면 및 재료 표면의 채널, 플루트, 스파이크, 피브릴 또는 필라멘트에 의해 야기되는 돌기 또는 불규칙면의 표면을 포함할 수 있다.

Cylindrical catalyst granules

A reactor system and process for the manufacture of ethylene oxide

本发明涉及乙烯氧化成环氧乙烷的反应器系统。反应器系统包括反应器管，其含有可包括催化成分的成形载体材料的填充床。成形载体材料具有中空圆筒几何结构。反应器系统具有反应器管与催化剂系统几何的特定组合。

Structured elements and methods of use

스트림 유동 분할 및 분배와 종래에 이용 가능한 재료를 초과하는 원하지 않는 종의 완화를 위한 구조화 요소가 제공된다. 구조화 요소는 공정 유동에서 원하지 않는 종의 표면 인력, 유지 및 유착 기회를 증가시킨다. 구조화 요소의 기능적 접촉 표면은 셀의 하나 이상의 면, 셀을 연결하는 스트럿 표면, 스트럿을 연결하는 노드의 표면 및 재료 표면의 채널, 플루트, 스파이크, 피브릴 또는 필라멘트에 의해 야기되는 돌기 또는 불규칙면의 표면을 포함할 수 있다. Structural elements are provided for stream flow splitting and distribution and mitigation of unwanted species in excess of conventionally available materials. The structuring elements increase the chances of surface attraction, retention and coalescence of unwanted species in the process flow. The functional contact surface of the structuring element is one or more faces of the cells, the surfaces of the struts connecting the cells, the surfaces of the nodes connecting the struts and the channels, flutes, spikes, fibrils or filaments of the projections or irregularities caused by the surface of the material. It may include a surface.

Shaped heterogeneous catalysts

본 발명은 촉매 유닛을 통해 연장되는 하나 이상의 구멍을 갖고 길이 C와 직경 D를 갖는 원통체 형태이며, 여기서 상기 원통체는 길이가 A 및 B인 돔형 단부를 가지며, (A+B+C)/D는 0.50 내지 2.00 범위이고 (A+B)/C는 0.40 내지 5.00 범위인 촉매 유닛에 관한 것이다. 상기 촉매 또는 촉매 유닛은 그 길이를 따라 진행되는 하나 이상의 플루트를 갖는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 촉매는 특히 스팀 개질 반응기에 사용될 수 있다. The present invention is in the form of a cylinder having a length C and a diameter D, having at least one aperture extending through the catalyst unit, wherein the cylinder has a dome-shaped end of length A and B, wherein (A + B + C) / D ranges from 0.50 to 2.00 and (A + B) / C ranges from 0.40 to 5.00. The catalyst or catalyst unit preferably has at least one flute running along its length. The catalyst can be used in particular in steam reforming reactors.

Catalytic bulk material having catalytically inactive shaped bodies that are rounded off on the external friction surfaces

本发明涉及一种包含催化活性成型体和催化非活性成型体的物理混合物的催化剂床，其中催化非活性成型体在外部摩擦面上具有圆的边缘。