РЕГЕНЕРАЦИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА

Изобретение относится к области катализа. Описан способ регенерации использованной каталитической смеси, содержащей (i) катализатор изомеризации, содержащий оксид магния, и (ii) катализатор метатезиса, содержащий неорганический носитель и по меньшей мере один компонент из оксида молибдена и оксида вольфрама, включающий: (a) удаление кокса из использованной каталитической смеси в присутствии кислородсодержащего газа, с получением каталитической смеси без кокса; и (b) контактирование каталитической смеси без кокса с паром при температуре в интервале от 100 до 300°C с получением регенерированной каталитической смеси. Технический результат - получение регенерированной каталитической смеси. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 1 табл., 3 пр.

УЛУЧШЕННЫЕ СМЕШАННЫЕ МЕТАЛЛОКСИДНЫЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ АММОКСИДИРОВАНИЯ

Изобретение относится к улучшенному катализатору для использования при аммоксидировании ненасыщенного углеводорода в ненасыщенный нитрил. Описана каталитическая композиция, содержащая комплекс оксидов металлов, причем относительные соотношения перечисленных элементов в указанном катализаторе представлены следующей формулой: MoBiFeADEFGCeRbO, где А представляет собой по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из лития, натрия, калия и цезия; и D представляет собой по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из никеля, кобальта, марганца, цинка, магния, кальция, стронция, кадмия и бария; Е представляет собой по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из хрома, вольфрама, бора, алюминия, галлия, индия, фосфора, мышьяка, сурьмы, ванадия и теллура; F представляет собой по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из лантана, празеодима, неодима, самария, европия, гадолиния, тербия, диспрозия, гольмия, эрбия, тулия, иттербия ...

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ УГЛЕВОДОРОДНОЙ ЗАГРУЗКИ, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩИЙ УДАЛЕНИЕ СМОЛ

Изобретение относится к способу обработки, включающему удаление смол из углеводородной загрузки, в которой не менее 80% соединений имеют температуру кипения, выше или равную 340°С, в котором: направляют загрузку на стадию фракционирования, на которой выделяют, по меньшей мере, одну тяжелую фракцию и, по меньшей мере, одну легкую фракцию, ! направляют, по меньшей мере, часть тяжелой фракции на стадию экстрагирования, на которой экстрагируют смолы, содержащиеся в указанной тяжелой фракции, и выделяют очищенную фракцию, получают смесь, содержащую, по меньшей мере, часть очищенной фракции, полученной на стадии экстрагирования, и, по меньшей мере, одну легкую фракцию, полученную на стадии фракционирования, и направляют полученную смесь на стадию крекинга. Данный способ является менее капиталозатратным при сохранении высокого уровня проведения крекинга, который можно оценить по большей продолжительности цикла жизни используемого катализатора или по более экономичным рабочим условиям, например ...

СПОСОБ СИНТЕЗА МЕТАНОЛА

Изобретение относится к способу синтеза метанола, включающему следующие стадии:(i) проведение в реакционном контуре реакции технологического газа, содержащего водород, диоксид углерода и монооксид углерода, над катализатором, с получением газа-продукта,(ii) конденсация метанола, воды и побочно образующихся оксигенатов из газа-продукта,(iii) возврат непрореагировавших газов в реакционный контур,где катализатор включает таблетки, полученные путем прессования из восстановленного и пассивированного порошкообразного катализатора, где указанный порошок содержит медь в диапазоне 15-70% вес., оксид цинка, причем весовое отношение Cu:Zn в пересчете на оксид находится в диапазоне от 2:1 до 3,5:1, оксид алюминия в диапазоне 5-60% вес. и, необязательно, одно или несколько оксидных промотирующих соединений, выбираемых из соединений Mg, Cr, Mn, V, Ti, Zr, Та, Мо, W, Si и редкоземельных элементов, в диапазоне 0,01-10% вес. При этом катализатор получают посредством проведения стадий, включающих:(i) составление ...

Способ получения синтез-газа из CO

Изобретение относится к технологии переработки газового сырья, в частности к способу получения синтез-газа, который может быть в дальнейшем использован для процессов синтеза метанола. Способ получения синтез-газа в ходе гидрогенизационной конверсии COвключает контактирование исходного газового сырья, содержащего смесь Ни CO, с катализатором при температуре 500-700°C, атмосферном давлении и при подаче в реактор газового сырья при мольном соотношении H:CO= 3,5-4:1 и объемной скорости подачи газового сырья 5000-10000 ч, при этом металлсодержащий катализатор нагревают до температуры 500-700°C с помощью СВЧ-излучения низкой мощности до 45 Вт. При этом катализатор представляет собой металл, нанесенный на носитель, причем в качестве металла катализатор содержит молибден или индий, а в качестве носителя катализатор содержит активно поглощающий СВЧ-излучение материал, либо не поглощающий СВЧ-излучение материал, смешанный с каталитически инертным материалом, греющимся за счет поглощения СВЧ-излучения ...

Катализатор изомеризации н-алканов в процессе риформинга гидроочищенных бензиновых фракций (варианты)

Группа изобретений касается катализатора изомеризации н-алканов в процессе риформинга гидроочищенных бензиновых фракций. По первому варианту катализатор содержит, мас.%: платина 0,1-0,3, олово 0,07-0,30, силикоалюмофосфатный цеолит SАРО-31 или силикоалюмофосфатный цеолит SAPO-11 10-60 и оксид алюминия - остальное. В частном случае, катализатор дополнительно содержит цеолит структуры FAU в количестве 10,0-60,0 мас.%, а в качестве цеолита структуры FAU - алюмосиликат USY в Н+ форме с мольным отношением SiO/АlО, равным 82,6. По второму варианту катализатор содержит, мас.%: платина 0,1-0,3, смесь силикоалюмофосфатного цеолита SАРО-31 и силикоалюмофосфатного цеолита SAPO-11 10,0-60,0 и оксид алюминия - остальное. В частном случае, катализатор дополнительно содержит цеолит структуры FAU в количестве 10,0-60,0 мас.%, а в качестве цеолита структуры FAU - алюмосиликат USY в Н+ форме с мольным отношением SiO/АlОравным 82,6 и олово 0,1-0,30 мас.%. Технический результат – возможность эффективно проводить ...

КАТАЛИЗАТОР ДЛЯ РИФОРМИНГА БЕНЗИНОВЫХ ФРАКЦИЙ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к способам приготовления катализаторов для риформинга бензиновых фракций, применяемого в нефтеперерабатывающей промышленности для производства высокооктановых компонентов моторных топлив. Описан катализатор для риформинга бензиновых фракций, содержащий платину, рений, хлор и носитель, причем в качестве носителя катализатор содержит поверхностное соединение дегидратированного оксодифторида цирконила алюминия общей формулы AlO[ZrOF]с весовыми стехиометрическими коэффициентами х от 1,0·10до 10,0·10при следующем содержании компонентов, мас. %: платина 0,1-0,5, рений 0,1-0,4, хлор 0,7-1,3, носитель - остальное. Способ приготовления катализатора для риформинга бензиновых фракций включает получение носителя смешением гидроксида алюминия псевдобемитной структуры с водным раствором гексафторциркониевой кислоты HZrF, содержащим органические компоненты (муравьиная, уксусная, щавелевая, лимонная кислота или их смесь с общим кислотным модулем не менее 0,01 г-моль/г-моль) с последующей ...

СПОСОБ IN-SITU ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПО МЕНЬШЕЙ МЕРЕ ОДНОГО ИЗ ТОЛУОЛА, ПАРА-КСИЛОЛА И НИЗШИХ ОЛЕФИНОВ, А ТАКЖЕ ПРОЦЕСС РЕАКЦИИ

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу in-situ получения катализатора для получения по меньшей мере одного из толуола, пара-ксилола и низших олефинов, а также к процессу реакции получения по меньшей мере одного из толуола, пара-ксилола и низших олефинов, и относится к области химической технологии. Описан способ in-situ получения катализатора, в котором модификатор приводят в контакт с цеолитным молекулярным ситом в реакторе для in-situ получения катализатора для получения пара-ксилола, толуола и/или низших олефинов из сырьевого материала, содержащего метанол и/или диметиловый эфир; и реактор представляет собой реактор для получения пара-ксилола, толуола и/или низших олефинов из сырьевого материала, содержащего метанол и/или диметиловый эфир; при этом модификатор содержит по меньшей мере один из следующих модификаторов: Модификатор I: фосфорсодержащий реагент и силилирующий реагент; Модификатор II: силилирующий реагент; Модификатор III: силилирующий реагент и водяной пар; Модификатор ...

СПОСОБ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ СУЛЬФИДА НАТРИЯ

Изобретение относится к способу обезвреживания концентрированного сульфидсодержащего раствора и может быть использовано в газовой, нефтеперерабатывающей, нефтяной, химической, целлюлозно-бумажной и других отраслях промышленности для обезвреживания сточных вод, содержащих неорганические сульфиды. Описывается способ окисления сульфида натрия с концентрацией 3,0 мас.% в водном растворе, при этом в качестве катализатора используют катализатор КСМ-X совместно с углеводородным раствором 3,3',5,5'-тетра-трет-бутилстильбенхинона. Технический результат заключается в ускорении реакции окисления сульфида натрия и повышении глубины очистки стоков от токсичных сульфидов при их концентрации 3,0 мас.%. 1 табл., 21 пр.

КАТАЛИЗАТОР СИНТЕЗА ОКСАЛАТА ПОСРЕДСТВОМ РЕАКЦИИ СВЯЗЫВАНИЯ CO, СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к катализатору, предназначенному для синтеза оксалата посредством реакции связывания СО. Данный катализатор включает (a) активный компонент, содержащий палладий (Pd) либо его оксид; (b) вспомогательное вещество, содержащее вспомогательный элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из никеля, кобальта, марганца, циркония, церия, лантана, молибдена, бария, ванадия, титана, железа, иттрия, ниобия, вольфрама, олова и висмута; и (c) носитель, состоящий из полых микросфер из α-AlO. Также предлагаются способ получения указанного катализатора и способ его применения при синтезе оксалата в газфазной реакции между монооксидом углерода (СО) и метилнитритом (MN). Технический результат заключается в уменьшении концентрации драгоценного металла, увеличении активности и стабильности катализатора. 4 н. и 10 з.п. ф-лы, 2 табл.

КАТАЛИЗАТОРНАЯ ЗАСЫПКА С ЗАКРУГЛЕННЫМИ НА ВНЕШНИХПОВЕРХНОСТЯХ ТРЕНИЯ КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКИ НЕАКТИВНЫМИ ФОРМОВАННЫМИ ИЗДЕЛИЯМИ

Изобретение относится к новым катализаторным засыпкам, содержащим физическую смесь каталитически активных и каталитически неактивных формованных изделий, причем каталитически неактивные формованные изделия имеют на внешней поверхности трения закругленные кромки. Технический результат - уменьшение механического износа внутри каталитической загрузки, сохранение низкой потери давления вдоль катализаторной засыпки. 1 з.п. ф-лы.

КАТАЛИЗАТОР, СПОСОБ ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА И СПОСОБЫ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ КОНВЕРСИИ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ, ГИДРИРОВАНИЯ ОКСИДОВ УГЛЕРОДА И УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

FIELD: chemistry; metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the conversion catalyst. Catalyst for the oxidative conversion of hydrocarbons and the hydrogenation of carbon oxides and/or hydrocarbons contains, as an active component, transition metals of the Periodic Table and the carrier, it is characterized in that, as a carrier, it contains monocrystalline alumina nanofibers, which have the diameter more than 3 nm and the length more than 100 nm. Method for the catalyst preparation, the method for the oxidative conversion of hydrocarbons, the method for hydrogenating carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide and/or hydrocarbons is claimed. EFFECT: high activity, stability of the catalyst when carrying out these catalytic processes. 15 cl, 7 tbl, 13 ex ...

ПЕРЕКРЕСТНОЕ СОЧЕТАНИЕ УГЛЕРОД-УГЛЕРОД, КАТАЛИЗИРУЕМОЕ ПЕРЕХОДНЫМИ МЕТАЛЛАМИ НА ТВЕРДЫХ НОСИТЕЛЯХ

... 1. Способ сочетания углеродсодержащих соединений, включающий реакцию (i) первого углеродсодержащего соединения со (ii) вторым углеродсодержащим соединением в присутствии (iii) металла палладия или никеля на твердом катализаторе, включающем соль щелочноземельного металла, и (iv) растворителя, включающего спирт. 2. Способ согласно п.1, в котором указанным первым углеродсодержащим соединением является арилгалогенид и указанным вторым углеродсодержащим соединением является арилборная кислота. 3. Способ согласно п.1, в котором указанным первым углеродсодержащим соединением является арилгалогенид и указанным вторым углеродсодержащим соединением является соединение, включающее винильную группу. 4. Способ согласно п.1, в котором указанным первым углеродсодержащим соединением является алкилгалогенид и указанным вторым углеродсодержащим соединением является соединение, включающее винильную группу. 5. Способ согласно п.1, в котором указанным первым углеродсодержащим соединением является арилгалогенид ...

ПОКРЫТИЕ ДЛЯ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ОКСИДОВ АЗОТА

... 1. Каталитическое покрытие для применения в качестве гидролитического катализатора (Г-катализатора) для восстановления оксидов азота, отличающееся тем, что в качестве соединения, адсорбирующего HNCO и оксиды азота, Г-катализатор содержит лантан и дополнительно содержит одно или несколько соединений, являющееся или являющихся щелочным и/или щелочно-земельным металлом, и/или иттрием, и/или гафнием, и/или празеодимом, и/или галлием, и/или цирконием.2. Каталитическое покрытие по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что Г-катализатор содержит каталитическое покрытие на основе диоксида титана, предпочтительно в форме анатаза, на основе SiO, на основе цеолита, предпочтительно ZSM-5 и/или в бета форме, и/или на основе двуокиси циркония.3. Каталитическое покрытие по п. 1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что Г-катализатор содержит восстановитель, являющийся мочевиной и/или восстановитель, включающий NHгруппу (i=1-4).4. Каталитическое покрытие по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что Г-катализатор содержит соединение, адсорбирующее ...

СПОСОБ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ГЕТЕРОГЕННО КАТАЛИЗИРУЕМОГО ЧАСТИЧНОГО ОКИСЛЕНИЯ В ГАЗОВОЙ ФАЗЕ ПРОПЕНА В АКРОЛЕИН

... 1. Способ длительного проведения гетерогенно катализируемого частичного окисления в газовой фазе пропена в акролеин, при котором исходную реакционную газовую смесь, содержащую пропен, молекулярный кислород и, по меньшей мере, один инертный газ-разбавитель, пропускают через находящийся при повышенной температуре катализаторный неподвижный слой, катализаторы которого выполнены так, что их активная масса содержит, по меньшей мере, один оксид мультиметалла, который содержит элементы молибден и/или вольфрам, а также, по меньшей мере, один из элементов висмут, теллур, сурьма, олово и медь, и при котором для противодействия дезактивации катализаторного неподвижного слоя в течение времени повышают температуру катализаторного неподвижного слоя, отличающийся тем, что частичное окисление в газовой фазе, по меньшей мере, один раз в календарный год прерывают и при температуре катализаторного неподвижного слоя от 250 до 550°С через катализаторный неподвижный слой пропускают содержащую молекулярный кислород ...

Композиция реагентов для химической конверсии тяжелой нефти при закачке пара

Предложена композиция реагентов для химической конверсии тяжелой нефти при закачке пара и интенсификации нефтеотдачи, включающая наноразмерный катализатор на основе смешанного оксида переходных металлов, где металлы выбраны из группы: Сг, Mn, Fe, Со, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, водород-донорный растворитель нефрас С4-155/205, и спирто-щелочной состав, который представляет собой раствор гидроксида натрия в этиловом спирте с концентрацией от 0,1 до 20 мас. %, где композиция реагентов содержится в соотношении: наноразмерный катализатор на основе смешанного оксида переходных металлов : нефрас С4 - 155/205: спирто-щелочной состав = 1-30 мас. % : 98-50 мас. % : 1-20 мас. %. Технический результат - повышение эффективности облагораживания и конверсии тяжелых нефтей за счет совместного применения наноразмерного катализатора, водород-донорного растворителя и спирто-щелочного состава при паротепловом воздействии. 1 табл., 1 пр.

ФОРМОВАННЫЕ ГЕТЕРОГЕННЫЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ

... 1. Каталитический элемент в форме цилиндра, имеющего длину С и диаметр D, который имеет 3-10 отверстий, проходящих насквозь, причем указанный цилиндр имеет куполообразные концы отрезков А и В, так что (A+B+C)/D находится в интервале 0,50-2,00, и (А+В)/С находится в интервале 0,40-5,00. ! 2. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором А и В являются одинаковыми. ! 3. Каталитический элемент по п.1 или 2, в котором (A+B+C)/D находится в интервале 0,75-1,50. ! 4. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором (A+B)/C находится в интервале 0,4-3,00. ! 5. Каталитический элемент по п.1, имеющий 3-6 отверстий, проходящих насквозь. ! 6. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором отверстие или отверстия имеют круглое поперечное сечение и независимо имеют диаметр d' в интервале 0,05D-0,5D. ! 7. Каталитический элемент по п.1, в котором наружная поверхность элемента имеет одну или более канавок, проходящих вдоль его длины. ! 8. Каталитический элемент по п.7, в котором поверхность имеет 2-12 канавок. ! 9. Каталитический ...

УЛУЧШЕННЫЕ СМЕШАННЫЕ МЕТАЛЛОКСИДНЫЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ АММОКСИДИРОВАНИЯ

Способ выделения катализатора на основе ацетатов кобальта и марганца из остатка производства диметилтерефталата

СПОСОБ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА НА ОСНОВЕ АЦЕТАТОВ КОБАЛЬТА И МАРГАНЦА ИЗ ОСТАТКА ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ДИМЕТИЛТЕРЁФТАЛАТА, включающий экстракцию остатка реакционной водой, содержащей уксусную Кислоту,при повышенной температуре, охлаждение экстракта до комнатной температуры , отделение полученного осадка, пропускание экстракта через слой катионита до достижения предела . емкости, npoNMBKy катионита обессоленной водой и десорбцию i при комнатной температуре, отличаюад и и с я тем, что, с целью упрощения способа и повьаиения степени выделения, экстрагируют остаток при 95°С, в качестве катионита используют катионит в натриевой форме, пропускают экстракт через катионит и промьгоают катионит при 70°с, а десорбцию ведут водным уксуснокислЕлм раствором ацетата натрия.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ammoxidationskatalysatoren

Katalysatorträger

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON 4-AMINOMETHYL-CYCLOHEXANCARBONSAEURE ODER EINES MINERALSAEURESALZES DERSELBEN

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON HYDROXYCITRONELLAL

Kurbelgehaeuseentlueftung von Brennkraft-maschinen, insbesondere fuer Kraftfahrzeuge

Verfahren zur Herstellung aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe umfasst die Schritte: Einleiten eines Eduktgases, welches C1- bis C4-Kohlenwasserstoffe umfasst, in einen Reaktor; Kontaktieren des Eduktgases mit einem Katalysator, wobei ein Produktgas erhalten wird, welches aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, Wasserstoff und nicht umgesetzte C1- bis C4-Kohlenwasserstoffe umfasst; Abtrennen der aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffe von dem Produktgas, wobei ein Abgas erhalten wird, welches Wasserstoff und nicht umgesetzte C1- bis C4-Kohlenwasserstoffe umfasst. Das Kontaktieren des Eduktgases mit einem Katalysator geschieht in einem Reaktor, welcher zumindest teilweise elektrisch beheizt wird und zumindest ein Teil des Abgases wird vorzugsweise in einer Verbrennungsmaschine eines Generators unter Erzeugung elektrischer Energie verbrannt. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin einen Reaktor zur Herstellung aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe und ein System zur gekoppelten Herstellung von aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen ...

HOCHAKTIVER PHOTOKATALYSATOR

Ein Katalysator und ein Verfahren zur hydrierenden Bearbeitung von Erdoel

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Katalysatoren fuer die flammenlose Verglutung von Gasen

Hydrogenative cracking of hydrocarbon oils

In the hydrogenative cracking of a hydrocarbon oil by contacting the oil at an elevated temperature and pressure with hydrogen, the catalyst used comprises at least one metal of Group Ib and at least one metal of the palladium group intimately associated with an acid-acting support comprising from 50% to 90% by weight of silicon and 50% to 10% by weight of alumina. The alumina may be partially replaced by zirconia, titania borin or magnesia. Specified metals of Group Ib are silver and copper and the palladium group of metals consist of rhodium, ruthenium and palladium. The catalysts may be prepared by (1) impregnating the support in pellet or extrudate form with a solution or solutions of the metals followed by drying and calcining; (2) incorporating the salts into the refractory oxide as the hydrogel is formed by precipitation; (3) contacting the wet hydrogel, which has preferably been freed from alkali metal ions by ammonium hydroxide solution, with a solution of the salts of the metals ...

Process for preparing electron deficient olefins

This invention relates to a process for producing electron deficient olefins, such as 2-cyanoacrylates, using an acid catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The acid catalyst comprises a lanthanide (preferably yttrium) or a transition metal (preferably niobium) and one or more ligands. The precursors are preferably an ester with an additional electron withdrawing group and an aldehyde. Possible electron withdrawing groups include cyano (nitrile), alkoxy or aryloxy, carbonyls, halogens, nitro, isocyanate, sulfoxide, phosphine oxide and sulphonic acids. In an embodiment of the invention, ethylcyanoacetate is the electron deficient olefin precursor, paraformaldehyde is used as the aldehyde source and yttrium triflate (Y(CF3SO3)3) is used as the catalyst. The product is ethyl-2-cyanoacetate. The formation of bifunctional cyanoacrylates is also disclosed.

Process for producing a catalyst and catalyst article

Methanol synthesis process

Process for preparing electron deficient olefins

SILVER CATALYST

Process for preparing 4-aminomethycyclohexane-carboxylic acid or mineral acid salt thereof

... prior processes for preparing 4- aminomethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid or mineral acid salt thereof require extreme conditions or are complicated. These problems are now overcome by preparing 4-ami- nomethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid or a mineral acid salt thereof by catalytically hydrogenating 4-hydroxyiminomethylbenzoic acid, dispersed in an aqueous medium containing a mineral acid, in the presence of a catalyst of palladium, platinum and rhodium, and if desired converting the resulting mineral acid salt to the free acid. Trans- 4-aminomethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid, which can be employed as an anti-plasmin agent, can be obtained from the resulting acid.

Catalysed filter

A wall-flow filter monolith substrate having a porosity of at least 40% formed from a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst of extruded type.

Process for the selective hydrogenation of hydrocarbon mixtures

Hydrocarbon mixtures containing compounds having more than one olefinic bond and/or at least one acetylenic bond, but substantially free from acetylene, are selectively hydrogenated to mono-olefins in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one metal of Group Ib, i.e. copper, silver and gold, supported on an inert carrier. The process may be applied to hydrocarbon mixtures boiling below 216 DEG C., suitably those obtained by cracking processes, and these include full boiling range gasolines, narrow fractions thereof, and substantially pure butadiene and isoprene. The Group Ib metal may constitute 1-15% by weight of the total catalyst; silver and/or copper supported on silica gel is preferred. A preferred catalyst is made by impregnating the support with copper and/or silver complexed with a water-soluble nitrogen base, particularly ammonia or ethylene diamine, and calcining. Hydrogenation may be effected at 35-345 DEG C., at 1-50 atmospheres, and in the vapour, liquid or mixed phase ...

Improvements relating to sulphur-containing materials and their production

A material suitable as a catalyst in hydrocarbon reactions comprises alumina alone or with one or more refractory oxides of elements of Groups II to IV of the Periodic Table according to Mendeleef, the oxide material having on its surface 0.1 to 1 x 10-4 gms. reactive sulphur, i.e. sulphur which reacts with iodine/potassium iodide solution, per sq. m. of surface area. A metal of Group VIa or Group VIII having hydrogenating activity, e.g. iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten or platinum may also be present in an amount up to 25% by weight of the total material. The alumina-containing material, e.g. alumina \sB boria, silica, titania or zirconia is treated with carbon disulphide vapour in a stream of nitrogen and in the absence of reducing and oxidizing agents at 175-600 DEG C. to obtain the required sulphur adsorption.ALSO:A material suitable as a catalyst or catalyst support in hydrocarbon reactions comprises alumina alone or with one or more refractory oxides of elements of Groups ...

Composite body comprising a porous layer of a hydrogenation catalyst

... Hydrogen is purified, or hydrogen and deuterium are separated, by use of a composite body comprising a compact pore-free base of a metal or alloy permeable to hydrogen in contact with a porous layer of a hydrogenation catalyst other than a hydride of Ti, Zr, Th, Ce or U. Suitable catalysts include e.g. finely divided Pt, Ni, Co, Fe, Cu and alloys thereof, and certain semi-conductor materials, e.g. N-type Si. Preferred metals for the base include Pd and its alloys, e.g. T with Ag; Ta and its alloys, e.g. with W; and Ti. In specific examples:-(1) a hydrogen electrode (Fig. 3) for a fuel cell has an open-ended nickel-silver tube 1 to one end of which Pd foil 2 is soldered. In the tube is placed a layer 3 of Raney Ni, and a weight or wire mesh is pressed thereon to assure intimate contact between layer 3 and foil 2. The electrode is immersed in 6N NaOH solution 6. The counter-electrode is an iron sheet. Instead of Raney Ni, Raney Fe ...

Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalysts

A metal hydrogenation or dehydrogenation catalyst which is capable of adsorbing hydrogen but which does not contain reactive hydrogen is produced by treating the catalyst with a substance capable of chemical reaction with reactive hydrogen. Examples relate to treatment of Raney nickel in powder and electrode form with nitrobenzene and with hydrogen peroxide. Other suitable oxidizing substances are salts of hydrogen peroxide, alkali nitrates, permanganates and chlorates, inorganic and organic peroxydiphosphates and peroxydisulphates. A plurality of electrically connected metal electrodes may be treated simultaneously in a tank containing the oxidising substance. A partial vacuum may be maintained over the treating liquid.

Improvements in and relating to the production of catalysts

A catalyst for such reaction as the oxidation of ammonia, methyl alcohol, or methane, or for the preferential combustion of carbon monoxide in presence of hydrogen by reaction with steam, is prepared by heating silver or copper cyanamide, or a mixture of these, in the presence of air to the point where puffing occurs. By incorporating a ferro- or ferricyanide, e.g. bismuth ferrocyanide, bismuth ferricyanide, calcium cerium ferrocyanide, cerium cobalt ferrocyanide, vanadium ferrocyanide, or molybdenum ferrocyanide, with the starting material, an activated product is obtained. The silver and copper cyanamides are prepared by precipitating a dissolved cyanamide with silver nitrate and cupric chloride respectively; the calcium cerium ferrocyanide is obtained by adding calcium ferrocyanide to cerium chloride solution; and cerium cobalt ferrocyanide is prepared by the interaction of cerium chloride, potassium ferrocyanide, and a soluble cobalt salt.ALSO:A catalyst for the oxidation of methyl ...

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION AN ANTIMONY OF AN ABSTENTION OF MIXTURE METALLIC OXIDE CATALYST AND SO RECEIVED CATALYST

CLEANING STRUCTURE WITH INTEGRATED ELECTRO-CHEMICAL ONE CATALYSIS SYSTEM

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION FROM DIAPHRAGM ELECTRODE BUILDING GROUPS TO THE USE IN A PROTON EXCHANGE DIAPHRAGM

PROCEDURE FOR THE CATALYTIC DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKYL-AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

CATALYST COMPOSITIONS.

CATALYTIC PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NITROGENOUS BRIDGED CONNECTIONS

PROCEDURE FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF HYDROCARBONS

Procedure for the production of 2-Chlorbuten (2)

MIXED BASIC METAL SULFIDE CATALYST

USE OF METAL COMPLEX COMPOUNDS AS OXIDATION CATALYSTS

IMPROVED ENERGY DEVICES

Mixed metal oxide catalysts for propane and isobutane oxidation and ammoxidation, and methods of preparing same

Shaped heterogeneous catalysts

A catalyst unit is described in the form of a cylinder having a length C and diameter D, which has one or more holes extending therethrough, wherein said cylinder has domed ends of lengths A and B, such that (A+B+C)/D is in the range 0.50 to 2.00, and (A+B)/C is in the range 0.40 to 5.00. The catalyst or catalyst unit preferably has one or more flutes running along its length. The catalyst may be used particularly in steam reforming reactors.

PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF CYCLIC ETHERS

SILVER CATALYST AND PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE OXIDE

Urea hydrolysis reactor for selective catalytic reduction

This disclosure features a urea conversion catalyst located within a urea decomposition reactor (e.g., a urea decomposition pipe) of a diesel exhaust aftertreatment system. The urea conversion catalyst includes a refractory metal oxide and a cationic 5 dopant. The urea conversion catalyst can decrease the temperature at which urea converts to ammonia, can increase the urea conversion yield, and can decrease the likelihood of incomplete urea conversion. PCCR56867_1 (GHMatters) P100936.AU || b |T ...

Novel supported catalysts

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SILVER-CONTAINING CATALYST

Ammonia oxidation catalyst

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SILVER-CONTAINING CATALYST

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SILVER-CONTAINING CATALYST Process for the preparation of a silver-containing catalyst suitable for the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, characterized in that a silver compound is applied to a carrier, after which the silver compound is reduced to metallic silver, and in which process the carrier has been prepared by mixing an aluminium compound with a chlorine compound and by calcining the obtained mixture.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING HYDROXY CITRONELLAL

ELECTROCATALYST POWDERS, METHODS FOR PRODUCING POWDERS AND DEVICES FABRICATED FROM SAME

Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well- controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400 ~C.

CATALYTIC COMPOSITION FOR CO2 CONVERSION

The present invention relates to a catalytic composition comprising at least 7 different elements selected from the group consisting of the elements defined by the intersection of the second to the sixth period and the first to the sixteenth group of the periodic table of the elements, whereby technetium is excluded, and a matrix component. A method for use of the catalytic composition is also provided.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING HYDROXY CITRONELLAL

PROCESS FOR CONVERTING BIO-OIL

The present invention relates to a process for converting bio-oil, said process comprising the steps, where feedstock comprising bio-oil, which is selected from bio-oils and any fractions of bio-oils and any combinations thereof, is subjected to oxidation in the presence of an oxidant, under conditions suitable for enacting said oxidation to yield an oxidation product and subjecting said oxidation product to condensation in the presence of a basic catalyst to obtain converted bio-oil. The invention also relates to the use of converted bio-oil, obtainable by said process, as heating oil, as starting material in processes for producing fuels, fuel components, fine chemicals, chemical building-blocks, and solvents.

METHOD FOR TREATING A GAS CONTAINING NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX), IN WHICH A COMPOSITION COMPRISING CERIUM OXIDE AND NIOBIUM OXIDE IS USED AS A CATALYST

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'un gaz contenant des oxydes d'azote (NOx) dans lequel on réalise une réaction de réduction des NOx par un agent réducteur azoté et il est caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme catalyseur de cette réaction de réduction un système catalytique contenant une composition à base d'oxyde de cérium et qui comprend de l'oxyde de niobium dans une proportion en masse comprise entre 2 et 20%.

DECARBOXYLATION PROCESSES USING MIXED METAL OXIDE CATALYSTS

A decarboxylation process which comprises contacting a carboxylated compound with a metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to decarboxylate the carboxylated compound.

CATALYTIC COMPOSITE FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GASES AND A METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME

For the preparation of a catalytic composite for purifying exhaust gases, first, at least one perovskite-type compound oxide of the formula RMO3, where R is La or a combination of La and Ca, and M is Co, Mn or a combination thereof, is supported together with cerium dioxide and alumina sol on a heat resistant carrier made of an inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of cordierite and mullite, and then iron and palladium are further supported together thereon. As a result, a catalytic composite having a high degree of oxidation activity at low temperatures and also having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.

CATALYTIC COMPOSITE FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GASES AND A METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME

For the preparation of a catalytic composite for purifying exhaust gases, first, at least one perovskite-type compound oxide of the formula RMO3, where R is La or a combination of La and Ca, and M is Co, Mn or a combination thereof, is supported together with cerium dioxide and alumina sol on a heat resistant carrier made of an inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of cordierite and mullite, and then iron and palladium are further supported together thereon. As a result, a catalytic composite having a high degree of oxidation activity at low temperatures and also having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.

Catalysts for Treating Exhaust Gases from Internal Combustion and Stationary Source Engines

Procédé pour la fabrication d'une masse pulvérulente pouvant servir de catalyseur spécialement dans les procédés de fixation de l'azote.

Procédé pour la préparation synthétique de l'ammoniaque.

Procédé de réduction de produits à fonction carbonyle en produits à fonction alcoolique

Catalyseur métallique et procédé pour sa fabrication

Metallischer Formkörper mit oberflächlicher Katalysatorstruktur

Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochwirksamen Katalysatoren

Metallkatalysatoren mit verbesserter Aktivität und Beständigkeit

Catalyseur à activité stable, procédé de préparation et utilisation de ce catalyseur

Verfahren zur Aktivierung von Katalysatoren

Anordnung zur Erleichterung des Eintritts und Austritts von Wasserstoff in ein Metall

Procédé de préparation de la B-picoline

Procédé de fabrication des méthylamines

Verfahren zur Herstellung von e-Caprolactam

Legierungsskelett-Katalysator

Verfahren zur Herstellung von e-Caprolactam

Verfahren zur Herstellung von aromatischen Aminen

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Platte, welche mindestens teilweise aus Raney-Metall besteht

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer für die Abgasreinigung geeigneten katalytischen Zusammensetzung

Catalyseur utilisable pour l'hydrogénation sélective d'hydrocarbures

CATALYST BASED ON ALUMINATE ZINC AND/OR MANGANESE, USED FOR DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKANES

METHOD OF ISOMERIZATION OF PARAFFIN HYDROCARBONS C4-C7

РАСПЫЛИТЕЛЬНО ВЫСУШЕННЫЙ ОКСИД АЛЮМИНИЯ ДЛЯ НОСИТЕЛЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА

В изобретении предлагается способ образования материала носителя, подходящий для использования в реакциях Фишера-Тропша, который предусматривает образование дисперсии материалов первого и второго гидратных оксидов алюминия в жидком диспергаторе, таком как раствор кислоты. Первый оксид алюминия может быть извлечен из щелочного алюмината, например, образован за счет реакции Байера. Второй гидратный оксид алюминия может быть извлечен из алюминия высокой чистоты, например, за счет преобразования в алкоксид. Дисперсию подвергают распылительной сушке, чтобы образовать частицы, которые подвергают термообработке, чтобы образовать материал носителя, имеющий низкие уровни примесей.

PARAFFIN HYDROCARBON ISOMERIZATION CATALYST AND METHOD OF ITS PREPARATION

Preparation of butadiene

Process of dehydrogenation of hydroaromatic compounds

Process for the production of benzene, as well as its hexasubstitués derivatives triou

Каталитический картридж для осуществления гетерогенных каталитических реакций

1. Каталитический картридж для осуществления гетерогенных каталитических реакций с катализатором, состоящим из нитей, скрученных из каталитических микроволокон, отличающийся тем, что картридж содержит более чем один каталитический элемент, каждый из которых выполнен из каталитической нити с толщиной от 0.1 мм до 5 мм в форме петли, либо другой фигуры, включающей петлю.2. Каталитический картридж по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что каждый каталитический элемент содержит два плоских опорных полотна, расположенных параллельно друг другу на расстоянии от 1 мм до 50 мм и скрепленных между собой регулярно расположенными каталитическими элементами из каталитических нитей в форме петель или других фигур, включающих петлю.3. Каталитический картридж по п. 2, отличающийся тем, что плоские опорные полотна выполнены в форме тканых или плетеных полотен из нитей микроволокнистого катализатора.4. Каталитический картридж по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что каталитические микроволокна представляют собой стеклянные, металлические, минеральные, углеродные, полимерные или иные волокна диаметром от 1 мкм до 30 мкм, на поверхности которых находятся каталитически активные компоненты.5. Каталитический картридж по п. 4, отличающийся тем, что на поверхности микроволокон может находиться дополнительный слой вторичного носителя с развитой внутренней поверхностью, например, слой диоксида кремния, оксида алюминия, диоксида титана или активированного углерода.6. Каталитический картридж по п. 5, отличающийся тем, что в качестве активных компонентов на поверхности микроволокон он содержит благородные металлы, такие как: платина, палладий, золото, серебро и/или оксиды переходных металлов: РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 166 263 U1 (51) МПК B01J 8/00 (2006.01) B01J 35/06 (2006.01) B01J 21/00 (2006.01) B01J 23/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ТИТУЛЬНЫЙ (21)(22) Заявка: ЛИСТ ОПИСАНИЯ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ 2016109690/04, 17.03.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока ...

Olefin production process

A novel olefin production process is provided which can be established as an industrial and practical process capable of producing olefins by directly reacting a ketone and hydrogen in a single reaction step. In particular, a novel olefin production process is provided in which propylene is obtained with high selectivity by directly reacting acetone and hydrogen. The olefin production process according to the present invention includes reacting a ketone and hydrogen in the presence of at least one dehydration catalyst and a silver-containing catalyst, and the at least one dehydration catalyst is selected from metal oxide catalysts containing a Group 6 element, zeolites, aluminas and heteropoly acid salts in which part or all the protons in heteropoly acids are exchanged with metal cations.

Catalyst for production of hydrogen and process for producing hydrogen using the catalyst, and catalyst for combustion of ammonia, process for producing the catalyst and process for combusting ammonia using the catalyst

Disclosed is a catalyst which can be used in the process for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia, can generate heat efficiently in the interior of a reactor without requiring excessive heating the reactor externally, and can decompose ammonia efficiently and steadily by utilizing the heat to produce hydrogen. Also disclosed is a technique for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia efficiently utilizing the catalyst. Specifically disclosed is a catalyst for use in the production of hydrogen, which is characterized by comprising an ammonia-combusting catalytic component and an ammonia-decomposing catalytic component. Also specifically disclosed is a catalyst for use in the production of hydrogen, which is characterized by comprising at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, iron, nickel and molybdenum.

Fischer-tropsch synthesis catalyst, preparation and application thereof

A micro-spherical Fe-based catalyst for a slurry bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) comprises Fe as its active component, a transitional metal promoter M, a structure promoter S and a K promoter. The transitional metal promoter M is one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr and Zn, and the structure promoter S is SiO 2 and/or Al 2 O 3 . The weight ratio of the catalyst components is Fe: transitional metal promoter: structure promoter: K=100:1-50:1-50:0.5-10. Preparation method of the catalyst comprises: adding the structure promoter S into a mixed solution of Fe/M nitrates, then co-precipitating with ammonia water to produce a slurry, filtering and washing the slurry to produce a filter cake, adding the required amount of the K promoter and water to the filter cake, pulping and spray drying, and roasting to produce the micro-spherical Fe-based catalyst for the slurry bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The catalyst has good abrasion resistance and narrow particle size distribution, furthermore, it has high conversion capability of synthesis gas, good product selectivity and high space time yield, and the catalyst also can be used for the slurry bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a wide temperature range.

Catalyst for Removing Nitrogen Oxides

The present invention is to provide a catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides which is capable of keeping sufficient denitrification performance, i.e., a high removal rate of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas having a high NO 2 content especially under conditions where the ratio of NO 2 /NO in exhaust gas is 1 or higher, a catalyst molded product therefor, and an exhaust gas treating method. The catalyst is designed for removing nitrogen oxides, which is used to denitrify exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides having a high NO 2 content, which comprises: at least one kind of oxide selected from the group consisting of copper oxides, chromium oxides, and iron oxides as a component for reducing NO 2 to NO; and which further comprises: at least one kind of titanium oxide; at least one kind of tungsten oxide; and at least one kind of vanadium oxide as components for reducing NO to N 2 .

One-pot production of carbamates using solid catalysts

The invention relates to the production of carbamates in a single reactor (one-pot) using solid catalysts, involving the reaction between at least one nitro compound, an organic carbonate of formula (OR)(OR′)C═O, a gas selected from hydrogen gas and a mixture of gases containing hydrogen and hydrogen precursor compounds, and a catalyst that has at least one metallic oxide and can also contain an element of groups 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the periodical table. The carbonates obtained can be transformed into their corresponding isocyanates.

Process For Producing Catalyst For Methacrylic Acid Production And Process For Producing Methacrylic Acid

An object of the present invention is to provide a process for stably producing a catalyst for methacrylic acid production exhibiting high activity and high performance. The process for producing a catalyst for methacrylic acid production of the invention is characterized in that the water content of the catalyst ingredient powder for use in molding, temperature and humidity of a molding step, humidity and temperature of a baking step are individually controlled in the case where molding is performed by a coating method using an Mo—V—P—Cu-based hetero polyacid as an active ingredient and water or an alcohol and/or an aqueous solution of an alcohol as a binder.

Catalyst and method for partially oxidizing hydrocarbons

The invention relates to a catalyst for partially oxidizing hydrocarbons in the gas phase, containing a multi-metal oxide of the general formula (I), AgaMObVcMdOe.f H2O (I), wherein M stands for at least one element selected from among Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Sn, Pb, P, Sb, Bi, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Au, Zn, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and U, a has a value of 0.5 to 1.5, b has a value of 0.5 to 1.5, c has a value of 0.5 to 1.5, a+b+c has the value 3, d has a value of less than 1, e means a number that is determined by the valence and frequency of the elements other than oxygen in the formula (I), f has a value of 0 to 20, which multi-metal oxide exists in a crystal structure, the X-ray powder diffractogram of which is characterized by diffraction reflections at a minimum of 5 lattice distances selected from among d=4.53, 3.38, 3.32, 3.23, 2.88, 2.57, 2.39, 2.26, 1.83, 1.77 AA (+−0.04 AA).

Metal oxide sterilizing catalyst, and sterilizing device and system including the same

Disclosed is a sterilizing catalyst, a sterilizing device and a sterilizing system, the sterilizing catalyst includes a metal lattice including a metal oxide, and an oxygen vacancy-inducing metal that is integrated or encompassed within the metal lattice. The metal oxide is an oxide of a divalent or multivalent metal. The oxygen vacancy-inducing metal has an oxidation number lower than that of the divalent or multivalent metal.

Processes and systems for producing syngas from methane

Embodiments of a process for producing syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a gas stream comprising methane are provided. The process comprises the step of contacting the gas stream with a two-component catalyst system comprising an apatite component and a perovskite component at reaction conditions effective to convert the methane to the syngas.

Solution processed thin films and laminates, devices comprising such thin films and laminates, and method for their use and manufacture

Devices having a thin film or laminate structure comprising hafnium and/or zirconium oxy hydroxy compounds, and methods for making such devices, are disclosed. The hafnium and zirconium compounds can be doped, typically with other metals, such as lanthanum. Examples of electronic devices or components that can be made include, without limitation, insulators, transistors and capacitors. A method for patterning a device using the materials as positive or negative resists or as functional device components also is described. For example, a master plate for imprint lithography can be made. An embodiment of a method for making a device having a corrosion barrier also is described. Embodiments of an optical device comprising an optical substrate and coating also are described. Embodiments of a physical ruler also are disclosed, such as for accurately measuring dimensions using an electron microscope.

Hydroconversion multi-metallic catalyst and method for making thereof

In a process for forming a bulk hydroprocessing catalyst by sulfiding a catalyst precursor made in a co-precipitation reaction, up to 60% of the metal precursor feeds do not react to form catalyst precursor and end up in the supernatant. In the present disclosure, the metals can be recovered via any of chemical precipitation, ion exchange, electro-coagulation, and combinations thereof to generate an effluent stream containing less than 50 mole % of metal ions in at least one of the metal residuals, and for at least one of the metal residuals is recovered as a metal precursor feed, which can be recycled for use in the co-precipitation reaction. An effluent stream from the process to waste treatment contains less than 50 ppm metal ions.

Oxidation catalyst

An oxidation catalyst comprises an extruded solid body comprising: 10-95% by weight of at least one binder/matrix component; 5-90% by weight of a zeolitic molecular sieve, a non-zeolitic molecular sieve or a mixture of any two or more thereof; and 0-80% by weight optionally stabilised ceria, which catalyst comprising at least one precious metal and optionally at least one non-precious metal, wherein: (i) a majority of the at least one precious metal is located at a surface of the extruded solid body; (ii) the at least one precious metal is carried in one or more coating layer(s) on a surface; (iii) at least one metal is present throughout the extruded solid body and in a higher concentration at a surface; (iv) at least one metal is present throughout the extruded solid body and in a coating layer(s) on a surface; or (v) a combination of (ii) and (iii).

Exhaust gas-purifying catalyst

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes first particles of oxygen storage material, second particles of one or more rare-earth elements other than cerium and/or compounds thereof interposed between the first particles, and third particles of one or more precious metal elements interposed between the first particles, wherein a spectrum of a characteristic X-ray intensity for one of the rare-earth element(s) and a spectrum of a characteristic X-ray intensity for one of the precious metal element(s) that are obtained by performing a line analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry along a length of 500 nm have a correlation coefficient of 0.68 or more.

Catalyst preparation method

A method for preparing a catalyst comprising (i) preparing a calcined shaped calcium aluminate catalyst support, (ii) treating the calcined shaped calcium aluminate support with water, and then drying the support, (iii) impregnating the dried support with a solution containing one or more metal compounds and drying the impregnated support, (iv) calcining the dried impregnated support, to form metal oxide on the surface of the support and (v) optionally repeating steps (ii), (iii) and (iv) on the metal oxide coated support. The method provides an eggshell catalyst in which the metal oxide is concentrated in an outer layer on the support.

Process for producing hydrogenolysis products of polyhydric alcohols

The present invention relates to a process for producing hydrogenolysis products of polyhydric alcohols with a good selectivity and a high yield, as well as hydrogenolysis catalysts used in the production process. The present invention provides (1) a process for producing a hydrogenolysis product of a polyhydric alcohol which includes the step of reacting the polyhydric alcohol with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing a copper component, wherein the catalyst is a catalyst (A) containing the copper component, an iron component and an aluminum component, or a catalyst (B) containing the copper component and a silicon component; and (2) a hydrogenolysis catalyst for polyhydric alcohols which includes a copper component, an iron component and an aluminum component, and (3) a hydrogenolysis catalyst for polyhydric alcohols which includes a copper component and a silicon component.

Mixed metal oxide catalyst for decomposition of nitrogen oxides

The present invention relates to a mixed metal oxide catalyst in which a hydrotalcite precursor containing an alkali metal is impregnated or intercalated with a nonprecious metal, a method of manufacturing the same, and a method of decomposing nitrogen oxide using the mixed metal oxide catalyst. The mixed metal oxide catalyst has excellent catalytic activity because it can decompose NO x , N 2 O or a mixture thereof even at low temperature, and is economical because it does not use a precious metal.

Process for the dehydration of aqueous bio-derived terminal alcohols to terminal alkenes

A method and apparatus for dehydrating bio-1-alcohols to bio-l-alkenes with high selectivity. The bio-1-alkenes are useful in preparing high flashpoint diesel and jet biofuels which are useful to civilian and military applications. Furthermore, the bio-1-alkenes may be converted to biolubricants useful in the transporation sector and other areas requiring high purity/thermally stable lubricants.

High-potential stable oxide support for polymer electrolyte fuel cell

Disclosed is an oxide and/or nitride support for electrode catalysts, which is used for electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC). The support for electrode catalysts is an aggregation body of primary particles of oxide of at least one kind of metal selected from rare earths, alkaline earths, transition metals, niobium, bismuth, tin, antimony, zirconium, molybdenum, indium, tantalum, and tungsten, and the aggregation body is configured such that at least 80% of the metal oxide primary particles having a size of 5 nm to 100 nm aggregate and bind each other to form dendritic or chain structures each of which is made of 5 or more of the metal oxide primary particles.

Spinel structured catalyst for aldehyde production

The present invention refers to a catalyst for aldehyde production, in particular formaldehyde or acetaldehyde production, through selective oxidation of alkanol, especially methanol or ethanol, with oxygen, said catalyst having a spinel structure. The catalyst typically comprises a Fe a q +V b+ Mo c+ y +Δ z O 4 spinel structure wherein Δ is an optional cation vacancy and wherein wherein z=3−q−x−y and q×a+x×b+y×c=8 in concentrations corresponding to 0.6<q<3, 0<x<1.5, 0<y<1 and 0<z<1.3 and 2<a<3, 3<b<5 and 3<c<6. The present invention further refers to a process for producing said catalyst and to the use of said catalyst for selective oxidation of alkanol, preferably methanol or ethanol, with oxygen to aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde or acetaldehyde.

Catalyst containing oxygen transport membrane

A composite oxygen transport membrane having a dense layer, a porous support layer and an intermediate porous layer located between the dense layer and the porous support layer. Both the dense layer and the intermediate porous layer are formed from an ionic conductive material to conduct oxygen ions and an electrically conductive material to conduct electrons. The porous support layer has a high permeability, high porosity, and a microstructure exhibiting substantially uniform pore size distribution as a result of using PMMA pore forming materials or a bi-modal particle size distribution of the porous support layer materials. Catalyst particles selected to promote oxidation of a combustible substance are located in the intermediate porous layer and in the porous support adjacent to the intermediate porous layer. The catalyst particles can be formed by wicking a solution of catalyst precursors through the porous support toward the intermediate porous layer.

Novel formulation of hexa-aluminates for reforming fuels

The invention is directed to a catalyst and a method for making a reforming catalyst for the production of hydrogen from organic compounds that overcomes the problems of catalyst poisoning and deactivation by coking and high temperature sintering, yet provides excellent durability and a long working life in process use. An embodiment is the formation of a unique four-metal ion hexa-aluminate of the formula M1 a M2 b M3 c M4 d Al 11 O 19-α . M1 and M2 are selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, and gadolinium. M3 and M4 are selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, wherein 0.010≦a+b+c+d≦2.0. Also, 1≦α≦1. Further, M1≠M2 and M3≠M4.

Method for producing catalyst composition, catalyst composition, diesel particulate filter using the same, and exhaust gas purification system

Provided is a catalyst having the ability to combust PM at relatively low temperatures and having high HC and CO removal (conversion) efficiency even at the above operating temperature. In the catalyst composition, at least one kind of platinum group element selected from Pt, Rh, and Pd is dispersed in and supported by a platinum group-supporting carrier containing at least one kind of element selected from Zr, Al, Y, Si, Bi, Pr, and Tb, and the platinum group-supporting carrier is supported on the surface of a Ce oxide containing Ce as an essential component. The catalyst composition has both PM combustion activity and gas purification activity.

Catalytic adsorbents obtained from municipal sludges, industrial sludges, compost and tobacco waste and process for their production

Industrial waste derived adsorbents were obtained by pyrolysis of sewage sludge, metal sludge, waste oil sludge and tobacco waste in some combination. The materials were used as media to remove hydrogen sulfide at room temperature in the presence of moisture. The initial and exhausted adsorbents after the breakthrough tests were characterized using sorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, XRD, ICP, and surface pH measurements. Mixing tobacco and sludges result in a strong synergy enhancing the catalytic properties of adsorbents. During pyrolysis new mineral phases are formed as a result of solid state reaction between the components of the sludges. High temperature of pyrolysis is beneficial for the adsorbents due to the enhanced activation of carbonaceous phase and chemical stabilization of inorganic phase. Samples obtained at low temperature are sensitive to water, which deactivates their catalytic centers.

NOVEL MIXED OXIDE MATERIALS FOR THE SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN EXHAUST GASES

The invention relates to the use of mixed oxides made of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, rare earth sesquioxide and niobium oxide as catalytically active materials for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia or a compound that can decompose to form ammonia in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines in motor vehicles that are predominantly leanly operated, and to compositions or catalysts which contain said mixed oxides in combination with zeolite compounds and/or zeolite-like compounds and are suitable for the denitrogenation of lean motor vehicle exhaust gases in all essential operating states. 1. A process for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides , comprising reducing nitrogen oxides with a catalytically active mixed oxide consisting of cerium oxide , niobium oxide , rare earth metal sesquioxide and zirconium oxide.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mixed oxide is present in a catalytically active coating applied to a catalytically inert support body which together with the coating forms a catalyst.4. A catalytically active composition comprising (i) a mixed oxide consisting of cerium oxide claim 1 , niobium oxide claim 1 , rare earth metal sesquioxide and zirconium oxide and (ii) a zeolite compound and/or a zeolite-like compound containing exchangeable cations selected from the group consisting of H claim 1 , NH claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Ag and mixtures thereof.5. A catalyst comprising (i) a mixed oxide consisting of cerium oxide claim 1 , niobium oxide claim 1 , rare earth metal sesquioxide and zirconium oxide and (ii) a zeolite compound and/or a zeolite-like compound containing exchangeable cations selected from the group consisting of H claim 1 , NH claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Ag and mixtures thereof.6. The catalyst as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the zeolite compound and/or the zeolite-like compound is selected from the group ...

Silver vanadium phosphates

The invention relates to novel silver vanadium phosphates, catalysts based on these silver vanadium phosphates and the use of these catalysts for carrying out organic reactions in the gas phase.

Attrition Resistant Supports for Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst and Process for Making Same

The invention relates to a novel method of preparing attrition resistance spinel supports for Fischer Tropsch catalysts. The process comprises: (a) combining aluminum oxide, metal compound capable of forming spinel phase, and soluble compound of a trivalent aluminum; (b) mixing the combination resulting in (a) in a manner sufficient to form a slurry comprising the aforementioned combination; and (c) processing the mixture of (b) under conditions sufficient to form metal aluminate spinel composition. Metal aluminate spinel, for example, is formed in the last step by calcining the mixture from (b) at a temperature in the range of 700 to 1300° C., but the process is also capable, of producing attrition resistant supports (e.g., having a DI of 5 or less) at a relatively lower temperature in the range of 700 to 1050° C. The invention also produces the attrition resistance with lower metal loadings than that reported for prior attrition resistant spinel supports.

Catalyst for producing unsaturated aldehyde and/or unsaturated carboxylic acid, and process for producing unsaturated aldehyde and/or unsaturated carboxylic acid using the catalyst

Provided is a catalyst for production of unsaturated aldehyde and/or unsaturated carboxylic acid, which shows excellent mechanical strength and low attrition loss and is capable of producing the object product(s) at a high yield. The catalyst comprises a catalytically active component containing molybdenum, bismuth and iron as the essential ingredients, and inorganic fibers, and is characterized in that the inorganic fibers contain at least an inorganic fiber having an average diameter of at least 8 μm and another inorganic fiber having an average diameter not more than 6 μm.

Method for producing hydrocarbons with continuous charging of the catalyst

The present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst comprising a synthesis step in which a synthesis gas is reacted in the presence of a catalyst in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor ( 4 ), characterised in that, at the same time as the synthesis step, the following successive steps are carried out: a) charging a catalyst precursor comprising cobalt oxide in a reduction reactor ( 2 ); b) reducing the catalyst precursor charged in step a) by placing it in contact with a reduction gas comprising hydrogen (H 2 ) and/or carbon monoxide (CO); and c) introducing the catalyst reduced in step b) into the synthesis reactor ( 4 ).

Hydrogenation Catalysts with Cobalt-Modified Supports

The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a modified support that comprises cobalt.

Catalyst treatment

A method of preparing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst for handling, storage, transport and deployment, including the steps of impregnating a porous support material with a source of cobalt, calcining the impregnated support material activating the catalyst, and passivating the activated catalyst.

Ce-BASED COMPOSITE OXIDE CATALYST, PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Disclosed is a Ce-based composite oxide catalyst for selective catalytic reducing nitrogen oxides with ammonia, which comprises Ce oxide and at least one oxide of transition metal except Ce. The Ce-based composite oxide catalyst is prepared by a simple method which uses non-toxic and harmless raw materials, and it has the following advantages: high catalytic activity, and excellent selectivity for generating nitrogen etc. The catalyst can be applied in catalytic cleaning plant for nitrogen oxides from mobile and stationary sources.

Fischer-tropsch catalyst regeneration

A process for the regeneration of deactivated catalyst from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor, the catalyst being a supported cobalt catalyst. The process comprises the following steps: a withdrawal step, in which a portion of deactivated catalyst together with liquid hydrocarbon is withdrawn from the reactor; a concentration step, in which the concentration of the catalyst in the liquid hydrocarbon is increased; a calcination step, in which the deactivated catalyst composition is subjected to an oxidising gas to oxidise carbonaceous material contained in the deactivated catalyst in to gaseous oxides of the components of the carbonaceous material; and a reactivation step, in which the deactivated catalyst composition is reactivated to produced a regenerated catalyst.

Gas phase oxidation catalyst with low charge transport activation energy

A catalyst for the gas phase oxidation of organic hydrocarbons comprises a multielement oxide which comprises at least one transition meal such as vanadium, wherein the catalyst has a charge transport activation energy E c at a temperature of 375 to 425° C. of less than 0 kJ/mol. The catalyst serves for preparation of maleic anhydride.

Catalyst for selective oxidation of nh3 to n2 and method for preparing the same

Disclosed is a catalyst which can convert ammonia contained in exhaust gas from an engine of a vehicle equipped with a Urea-SCR (Urea-Selective Catalytic Reduction) system, to nitrogen, and a method for preparating the same. The catalyst can convert ammonia which is failed to participate in a conversion reaction of NOx to N2 and slipped out of the SCR catalyst, to nitrogen via a SCO (Selective Catalytic Oxidation) reaction, before the ammonia is released to the air.

Method for producing catalysts and catalysts thereof

The invention relates to a process to produce catalysts by powder injection moulding and the catalysts thereof, wherein the catalysts are made by preparing a ceramic formulation with temperature controlled rheological properties comprising catalytic components, heating the powder formulation up to at least the fluid state transition temperature, shaping a sample by injecting the fluid powder formulation into an injection mould followed by cooling the injected powder formulation below the fluid state transition temperature, de-binding the shaped sample, and sintering the shaped sample to form a ceramic catalyst. Alternatively the ceramic structure may be formed initially followed by a coating of the ceramic structure by one or more catalytic compounds.

Catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking, method of preparing the same and method of preparing olefin by using the same

The present invention relates to a catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking, a method of preparing the same, and a method of preparing olefin by the hydrocarbon steam cracking by using the catalyst, and more specifically, to a catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking for preparing light olefin including an oxide catalyst (0.5≦j≦120, 1≦k≦50, A is transition metal, and x is a number satisfying conditions according to valence of Cr, Zr, and A and values of j and k) represented by CrZr j A k O x , wherein the composite catalyst is a type that has an outer radius r 2 of 0.5 R to 0.96 R (where R is a radius of a cracking reaction tube), a thickness (t; r 2 −r 1 ) of 2 to 6 mm, and a length h of 0.5 r 2 to 10 r 2 , a method of preparing the same, and a method of preparing light olefin by using the same.

Catalyst compositions for converting syngas to produce higher alcohols

Catalyst compositions for production of higher alcohols comprise a hydrotalcite or hydrotalcite-like support impregnated with molybdenum and an alkali metal. When the compositions are used to convert syngas, selectivity to higher (C2+) alcohols is increased in comparison to conversions accomplished over many other catalyst systems.

Dehydrogenation of alkanols to increase yield of aromatics

The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.

Method for producing xylylenediamine

Provided is a method for stably and economically producing xylylenediamine with a high yield and long catalyst service life by hydrogenating dicyanobenzene that is obtained by ammoxidating xylene. By bringing an aqueous basic solution into contact with a dicyanobenzene-absorbed liquid, which is obtained by bringing an ammoxidation reaction gas into contact with an organic solvent, under specified temperature conditions, and subjecting a base and a carboxylic acid in the dicyanobenzene-absorbed liquid to a neutralization reaction so as to form an aqueous phase that contains a water-soluble salt, and then subjecting an organic phase and the aqueous phase to liquid-liquid separation so as to remove the aqueous phase, it is possible to remove the carboxylic acid contained in the dicyanobenzene-absorbed liquid with high selectivity while inhibiting loss of the dicyanobenzene. By subjecting the raw material dicyanobenzene, which is obtained by separating low boiling point compounds from the post liquid-liquid separation organic phase by distillation under reduced pressure, to hydrogenation, xylylenediamine is produced with a high yield and the service life of the hydrogenation catalyst is extended.

Processes for preparing amines and catalysts for use therein

Processes for preparing an amine are described which comprise reacting a primary or secondary alcohol, aldehyde and/or ketone with hydrogen and a nitrogen compound selected from the group of ammonia, primary and secondary amines, in the presence of a zirconium dioxide-, copper- and nickel-containing catalyst. The catalytically active composition of the catalyst, before its reduction with hydrogen, comprises oxygen compounds of zirconium, of copper, of nickel, in the range from 1.0 to 5.0% by weight of oxygen compounds of cobalt, calculated as CoO, and in the range from 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of oxygen compounds of sulfur, of phosphorus, of gallium, of lead and/or of antimony, calculated in each case as H2SO4, H3PO4, Ga203, PbO and Sb203 respectively.

Process for non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkane

The invention relates to a process for producing an alkene by non-oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane, comprising contacting a feed stream comprising the alkane with a catalyst composition comprising an unsupported catalyst comprising ZrV 2 O 7 at a temperature of 400 to 600° C.

Ammonia oxidation catalyst having low n2o by-product formation

The present invention relates to a catalytic composition comprising a noble metal on an acidic tungsten-containing mixed oxide, a method for producing the catalytic composition and the use of the catalytic composition as oxidation catalyst. The invention further relates to a catalyst shaped body, which has the catalytic composition on a support, a washcoat containing the catalytic composition according to the invention and the use of the washcoat to produce a coated catalyst shaped body.

Exhaust gas purification catalyst

An exhaust gas purification catalyst is provided with a catalyst coating layer ( 40 ) formed on the surface of a substrate ( 32 ). This catalyst coating layer ( 40 ) is formed of an upper catalyst coating layer ( 36 ) in which Rh particles are supported on a porous support, and a lower catalyst coating layer ( 34 ) in which Pd particles are supported on a support that contains an ACZ composite oxide made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), ceria (CeO 2 ), and zirconia (ZrO 2 ).

METHOD FOR PRODUCING METALLIC CATALYST SUPPORT

A method is provided for producing a metallic catalyst support. In producing the metallic catalyst support, a first metal foil having a planar profile or slightly corrugated profile, a second metal foil having a corrugated profile and an external cylinder are prepared. The first and second metal foils are rolled up in a multilayered superimposed state to form a honeycomb body with a spiral roll form. The honeycomb body is fitted into the external cylinder, which has an inside diameter larger than an outside diameter of the honeycomb body. Pressure is simultaneously applied to the external cylinder into which the honeycomb body has been fitted and to the honeycomb body from outside towards inside of the external cylinder to squeeze-down and to induce plastic deformation in an outside edge section of the honeycomb body so that tight contact is made with the external cylinder. 1. A method for producing a metallic catalyst support , the method comprising:preparing a first metal foil having a planar profile or slightly corrugated profile, a second metal foil having a corrugated profile, and an external cylinder;rolling up the first and second metal foils in a multilayered superimposed state to form a honeycomb body with a spiral roll form;fitting the honeycomb body into the external cylinder, which has an inside diameter larger than an outside diameter of the honeycomb body; andapplying pressure simultaneously to the external cylinder into which the honeycomb body has been fitted and to the honeycomb body from outside towards inside of the external cylinder to squeeze-down and to induce plastic deformation in an outside edge section of the honeycomb body so that tight contact is made with the external cylinder.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprisingforming groove parts in the outermost peripheral part of the honeycomb body after the forming of the honeycomb body but prior to the fitting of the honeycomb body into the external cylinder.3. The method ...

Nickel catalysts for reforming hydrocarbons

A catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons may include a catalytically active amount of nickel or nickel oxide dispersed on a metal oxide support. The metal oxide support may be of a single-metal oxide of a first metal or a complex-metal oxide of the first metal and a second metal. A co-catalyst of magnesium oxide (MgO) may anchor the nickel or nickel oxide onto the metal oxide support.

Light Absorbing Oxide Materials for Photovoltaic and Photocatalytic Applications and Devices

Provided are materials, methods and devices for absorption of visible or solar terrestrial electromagnetic radiation. The disclosed materials, methods and devices employ a multi-component oxide material comprising a solar terrestrial light absorbing metallic oxide and a catalytic oxide to achieve conversion of absorbed visible or solar terrestrial electromagnetic radiation into useful work, such as for photocatalytic or photovoltaic applications.

AMMOXIDATION CATALYST FOR PROPYLENE, MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE SAME CATALYST, AMMOXIDATION METHOD USING THE SAME CATALYST

There are provided an ammoxidation catalyst for propylene, a manufacturing method of the same, and an ammoxidation method of propylene using the same. Specifically, according to one embodiment of the invention, there is provided an ammoxidation catalyst for propylene that not only exhibits high activity to ammoxidation of propylene, but also has high amorphous phase content. 1. An ammoxidation catalyst for propylene comprising metal oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 ,wherein a first peak having intensity of A appears in the 2θrange of 26.3±0.5°, and a second peak having intensity of B appears in the 2θrange of 28.3±0.5° in X ray diffraction analysis by CuKα, and {'br': None, 'sub': x', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'y, 'MoBiFeABCDO\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 1]'}, 'a intensity ratio(AB) of the first peak to the second peak is 1.5 or morein the Chemical Formula 1,A and B are different from each other, and each independently, are one or more elements of Ni, Mn, Co, Zn, Mg, Ca, and Ba,C is one or more elements of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs,D is one or more elements of Cr, W, B, Al, Ca, and V,a to f, x, and y are respectively mole fractions of each atom or atomic group,a is 0.1 to 7, b is 0.1 to 7, provided that the sum of a and b is 0.1 to 7,c is 0.1 to 10, d is 0.01 to 5, e is 0.1 to 10, f is 0 to 10,x is 11 to 14, y is a value determined by each oxidation number of Mo, Bi, Fe, A, B, C, and D.2. The ammoxidation catalyst for propylene according to claim 1 , wherein the intensity ratio(AB) is 3.0 or more.3. The ammoxidation catalyst for propylene according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst has BET specific surface area of 50 to 300 m/g.4. The ammoxidation catalyst for propylene according to claim 1 , wherein a pore volume in the catalyst is 0.3 to 1.3 cm/g.5. The ammoxidation catalyst for propylene according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is represented by Chemical Formula 1-1:{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'y, 'MoBiFeNiCoKO\ ...

Trimetallic layered double hydroxide composition

A layered double hydroxide (LDH) material, methods for using the LDH material to catalyse the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in a water-splitting process and methods for preparing the LDH material. The LDH material includes nickel, iron and chromium species and possesses a sheet-like morphology including at least one hole.

PEROVSKITE WITH AN OVLERLAYER SCR COMPONENT AS AN AMMONIA OXIDATION CATALYST AND A SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL ON DIESEL ENGINES

An ammonia slip control catalyst having a layer containing perovskite and a separate layer containing an SCR catalyst is described. The ammonia slip catalyst can have two stacked layers, with the top overlayer containing an SCR catalyst, and the bottom layer containing a perovskite. The ammonia slip catalyst can alternatively be arranged in sequential layers, with the SCR catalyst being upstream in the flow of exhaust gas relative to the perovskite. A system comprising the ammonia slip catalyst upstream of a PGM-containing ammonia oxidation catalyst and methods of using the system are described. The system allows for high ammonia oxidation with good nitrogen selectivity. Methods of making and using the ammonia slip catalyst to reduce ammonia slip and selectively convert ammonia to Nare described. 1. An ammonia slip catalyst comprising a first layer comprising an SCR catalyst and a second layer comprising a perovskite , wherein the first layer is arranged to contact an exhaust gas before the second layer.2. The ammonia slip catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the first layer is an overlayer located over the second layer.3. The ammonia slip catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the first layer is supported on a first support material and the second layer is supported on a second support material.4. The ammonia slip catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the SCR catalyst comprises an oxide of a base metal claim 1 , a molecular sieve claim 1 , a metal exchanged molecular sieve or a mixture thereof.5. The ammonia slip catalyst of claim 4 , wherein the base metal is selected from the group consisting of cerium (Ce) claim 4 , chromium (Cr) claim 4 , cobalt (Co) claim 4 , copper (Cu) claim 4 , iron (Fe) claim 4 , manganese (Mn) claim 4 , molybdenum (Mo) claim 4 , nickel (Ni) claim 4 , tungsten (W) and vanadium (V) claim 4 , and mixtures thereof.6. The ammonia slip catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the SCR catalyst comprises a metal exchanged molecular sieve and the metal is selected from the group ...

METAL ALLOY/OXIDE, METAL ALLOY/NITRIDE COMPOSITE CATALYST FOR AMMONIA DECOMPOSITION

The present invention discloses a series of ammonia decomposition catalysts, the method of making such catalysts and the use of such catalysts. The said catalysts are made of composite metal or metal alloys supported on composite oxides or nitrides as the catalyst supports. The catalysts are useful in ammonia decomposition at various temperatures and pressures, including temperatures below 500° C. and pressures up to 30 atm. 1. A catalyst , comprising: 'cobalt, iron, chromium, manganese, and vanadium;', 'a first element comprising at least one of 'nickel, copper, and niobium;', 'a second element comprising at least one ofa support; anda promoter; a bimetallic nanocluster; and', 'an alloy;, 'wherein the first element and the second element are combined to form at least one of a first mixture, the first mixture being at least one of a mixed oxide;', 'a nitride; and', 'a perovskite;, 'wherein the first mixture is supported on the support, the support comprising at least one ofwherein the promoter is an alkali metal.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the support comprises an alkaline earth metal.3. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the alkaline earth metal comprises at least one of magnesium claim 2 , calcium claim 2 , strontium claim 2 , and barium.4. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the support further comprises a rare earth metal.5. The catalyst of claim 4 , wherein the rare earth metal comprises at least one of cerium claim 4 , lanthanum claim 4 , praseodymium.6. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the support further comprises at least one of aluminum claim 2 , zirconium claim 2 , molybdenum claim 2 , and titanium.7. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal of the promoter is at least one of potassium claim 1 , cesium claim 1 , sodium claim 1 , lithium claim 1 , and rubidium.8. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein:the first mixture is the bimetallic nanocluster; an alkaline earth metal and a rare earth metal; and', 'at least one of aluminum, zirconium, ...

Process for Limiting Self Heating of Activated Catalysts

The invention provides a process for limiting self heating of activated particle catalysts wherein the catalyst particles are placed in motion inside a hot gas flow that passes through them and a liquid composition containing one or several film forming polymer(s) is pulverized onto the particles in motion until a protective layer is obtained on the surface of said particles containing said film forming polymer and having an average thickness of less than or equal to 20 μm. The invention also provides the use of this process to reduce the quantities of toxic gases that may be emitted by the activated catalysts, as well as an activated catalyst for the hydroconversion of hydrocarbons covered with a continuous protective layer that are obtained by this process. 1. A process for limiting self heating of activated particle catalysts , in which the catalyst particles are placed in motion within a hot gas flow passing through them , and a liquid composition containing one or more film forming polymer(s) is pulverized onto the moving particles until on the surface of said particles a protective layer containing said film forming polymer is obtained , that has an average thickness lower than or equal to 20 μm.2. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the liquid composition is a solution or a dispersion of the film forming polymer(s) in a solvent claim 1 , and contains preferably from 0.1 to 50% by weight of film forming polymer claim 1 , more preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight claim 1 , and even more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight of film forming polymer claim 1 , with respect to the total weight of the composition.3. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that it is implemented in a perforated drum in which the catalyst particles are put in motion claim 1 , with a hot gas flow passing continuously through said perforated drum.4. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that it is implemented by placing catalyst particles in a ...

Catalytic oxidation method and method for producing conjugated diene

An object of the present invention is to suppress performance deterioration of a molybdenum composite oxide-based catalyst at the time of performing gas-phase catalytic partial oxidation with molecular oxygen by using a tubular reactor. The present invention relates to a catalytic oxidation method using a tubular reactor in which a Mo compound layer containing a Mo compound and a composite oxide catalyst layer containing a Mo composite oxide catalyst are arranged in this order from a reaction raw material supply port side and under a flow of a mixed gas containing 75 vol % of air and 25 vol % of water vapor at 440° C., a Mo sublimation amount of the Mo compound is larger than a Mo sublimation amount of the Mo composite oxide catalyst under the same conditions.

TABLETED CATALYST FOR METHANOL SYNTHESIS HAVING INCREASED MECHANICAL STABILITY

The invention relates to an improved catalyst based on a tableted molded catalyst body, containing a metal-containing mixture, containing copper, zinc, and aluminum, with calcium aluminate as a binder material with a weight fraction of calcium aluminate in the range of 1.0% to 30.0%, for synthesizing methanol from synthesis gas. The invention further relates to the production of the catalyst and to the use of the catalyst in the synthesis of methanol from synthesis gas. 1. A shaped catalyst body containing copper , zinc and aluminum , characterized in that the shaped catalyst body is present in tablet form and contains calcium aluminate as binder material with a proportion by weight of calcium aluminate in the range from 1.0% to 30.0% , based on the shaped catalyst body.2. The shaped catalyst body as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the proportion by weight is in the range from 5.0% to 20.0%.3. The shaped catalyst body as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fracture strength is from 2 to 10%.4. The shaped catalyst body as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lateral compressive strength after reduction and dry stabilization is from 40 to 200 N claim 1 , preferably from 40 to 100 N claim 1 , more preferably from 50 to 100 N.5. The shaped catalyst body as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the BET surface area is in the range from 70 to 150 m/ claim 1 , preferably from 75 to 140 m/g and particularly preferably from 80 to 120 m/g.6. The shaped catalyst body as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pore volume claim 1 , measured by means of mercury porosimetry claim 1 , is between 150 mm/g and 400 mm/g claim 1 , preferably between 250 mm/g and 350 mm/g claim 1 , particularly preferably between 300 mm/g and 350 mm/g.7. The shaped catalyst body as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the copper surface area after reduction is between 20 m/g and 50 m/g claim 1 , preferably between 20 m/g and 40 m/g claim 1 , particularly preferably between 25 m/g and 36 m/g.8. The shaped catalyst body as claimed in ...

CATALYST COMBINING PLATINUM GROUP METAL WITH COPPER-ALUMINA SPINEL

An oxidation catalyst composition is provided, the composition including at least one platinum group metal impregnated onto a porous alumina material, wherein the porous alumina material comprises a copper-alumina spinel phase. At least a portion of the copper-alumina spinel phase can be proximal to, or in direct contact with, at least one platinum group metal crystallite, such as a crystallite having a size of about 1 nm or greater. The close proximity of the copper-alumina spinel phase to the platinum group metal crystallite is believed to provide synergistic enhancement of carbon monoxide oxidation. Methods of making and using the catalyst composition are also provided, as well as emission treatment systems comprising a catalyst article coated with the catalyst composition. 1. An oxidation catalyst composition , the composition comprising at least one platinum group metal impregnated onto a porous alumina material , wherein the porous alumina material comprises a copper-alumina spinel phase.2. The oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one portion of the copper-alumina spinel phase is proximal to claim 1 , or in direct contact with claim 1 , at least one platinum group metal crystallite.3. The oxidation catalyst composition of claim 2 , wherein at least one portion of the copper-alumina spinel phase is proximal to claim 2 , or in direct contact with claim 2 , at least one platinum group metal crystallite having a crystallite size of about 1 nm or greater.4. The oxidation catalyst composition of claim 3 , wherein at least one portion of the copper-alumina spinel phase is proximal to claim 3 , or in direct contact with claim 3 , at least one platinum group metal crystallite having a crystallite size of about 50 nm or greater.5. The oxidation catalyst composition of claim 2 , wherein the at least one portion of the copper-alumina spinel phase is within about 50 nm of the at least one platinum group metal crystallite.6. The oxidation catalyst ...

SELECTIVE AMMOXIDATION CATALYSTS

A catalytic composition useful for the conversion of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene or mixtures thereof, to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof. The catalytic composition comprises a complex of metal oxides comprising bismuth, molybdenum, iron, cerium and other promoters, with a desirable composition. 120-. (canceled)22. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.3≤i/(i+j+k+l).23. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.5≤i/(i+j+k+l).24. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.7≤i/(i+j+k+l).25. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein z=d+i+j+k+l and 0.3≤(a+h)/z≤1.26. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.65≤a/h<1.5.27. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.7≤a/h<1.5.28. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.8≤a/h<1.5.29. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.90≤a/h≤1.2.30. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 0.8≤h/b≤5.31. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein 1.2≤h/b≤5.32. The catalytic composition of claim 21 , wherein said catalyst composition comprises MMoOcells with a cell volume defined as β; wherein 625 {acute over (Å)}≤β≤630 {acute over (Å)}. The present invention relates to an improved catalyst for use in the ammoxidation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon to the corresponding unsaturated nitrile. In particular, the present invention is directed to an improved catalytic composition for the ammoxidation of propylene and/or isobutylene to acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile, respectively, wherein said catalyst comprises a complex of metal oxides comprising bismuth, molybdenum, iron, cerium and other promoters and wherein said catalyst is characterized by ratio of bismuth to cerium contained in the catalyst.Catalysts containing oxides of iron, bismuth and molybdenum, promoted with suitable elements, have long been used for the conversion of propylene and/or isobutylene at elevated temperatures in the ...

CATALYST, AND METHOD FOR DIRECT CONVERSION OF SYNGAS TO PREPARE LIGHT OLEFINS

A process for direct synthesis of light olefins uses syngas as the feed raw material. This catalytic conversion process is conducted in a fixed bed or a moving bed using a composite catalyst containing components A and B (A+B). The active ingredient of catalyst A is metal oxide; and catalyst B is an oxide supported zeolite. A carrier is one or more of AlO, SiO, TiO, ZrO, CeO, MgO and GaOhaving hierarchical pores; the zeolite is one or more of CHA and AEI structures. The loading of the zeolite is 4%-45% wt. A weight ratio of the active ingredients in the catalyst A and the catalyst B is within a range of 0.1-20, and preferably 0.3-5. The total selectivity of the light olefins comprising ethylene, propylene and butylene can reach 50-90%, while the selectivity of a methane byproduct is less than 15%. 1. A catalyst , wherein the catalyst is a composite catalyst composed of A+B; the catalyst component A and the catalyst component B are compounded by mechanical mixing method; the active ingredients of the catalyst component A are active metal oxides; the catalyst component B are supported zeolites; the carrier is at least one of porous AlO , SiO , TiO , ZrO , CeO , MgO and GaO; the zeolite is at least one of CHA and AEI structures; the loading of the zeolite is 4%-45% wt; and the active metal oxide is at least one of MnO , MnCrO , MnAlO , MnZrO , ZnO , ZnCrO , ZnAlO , CoAlOand FeAlO.2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of porous AlO claim 1 , SiO claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , ZrO claim 1 , CeO claim 1 , MgO and GaOin the catalyst component B is used as the carrier; specific surface area is 30-250 m/g; pore volume is 0.25-0.80 ml/g; through calculation according to the specific surface area claim 1 , mesoporous specific surface area occupies 30-75% and macroporous specific surface area occupies 25-70%; and the zeolite is used as an active component and dispersed on the carrier by in situ growth or physical mixing mode.3. The catalyst according to claim 1 , ...

Catalyst composite and preparation thereof for isomerization of paraffins

A catalyst composition is provided for isomerization of paraffins comprising of at least one heteropoly acid and reduced graphene oxide. Further provided are a process for preparation of the catalyst composition and a process for isomerization of paraffins using the catalytic composition.

METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING AN ALKENOIC ACID

There is provided a method for synthesizing an alkenoic acid, in particular acrylic acid comprising the step of oxidizing an alkenyl alcohol in the presence of a metal oxide catalyst to form the alkenoic acid. The invention further provides a step of deoxydehydrating a polyol, including glycerol to obtain said alkenyl alcohol including an allyl alcohol. 1. A method for synthesizing an alkenoic acid comprising the step of oxidizing an alkenyl alcohol in the presence of a metal oxide catalyst to form said alkenoic acid , wherein said metal oxide catalyst has the formula MoVWO x is a number between 1 to 10;', 'y is a number between 0.05 to 10;', 'm is a number between 1 to 10; and', 'd is calculated based on the formula 3x+2y+3m., 'where'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , before said oxidizing step claim 1 , the step of deoxydehydrating a polyol to obtain said alkenyl alcohol.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said polyol is a triol claim 2 , tetraol claim 2 , pentanol or hexanol.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said polyol is selected from the group consisting of glycerol claim 3 , 2-methyl-1 claim 3 ,2 claim 3 ,3-propanetriol claim 3 , 1 claim 3 ,2 claim 3 ,3-butanetriol claim 3 , 2-methyl-1 claim 3 ,2 claim 3 ,3-butanetriol claim 3 , 2-methyl-1 claim 3 ,2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,4-butanetetraol claim 3 , 1 claim 3 ,2 claim 3 ,3-pentanetriol claim 3 , 1 claim 3 ,2 claim 3 ,3-hexanetriol claim 3 , xylitol claim 3 , sorbitol claim 3 , arabinitol claim 3 , ribitol claim 3 , mannitol claim 3 , galactitol claim 3 , iditol claim 3 , erythritol claim 3 , threitol and mixtures thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said alkenyl alcohol is 2-alkenyl alcohol.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said 2-alkenyl alcohol is selected from the group consisting of allyl alcohol claim 5 , 2-buten-1-ol claim 5 , 2-hexen-1-ol claim 5 , 2-penten-1 claim 5 ,4 claim 5 ,5-triol claim 5 , 2 claim 5 ,4-hexadien-1 claim 5 ,6-diol claim 5 , 2-hexene-1 claim 5 ,4 claim 5 ,5 ...

GAS CLEAN-UP FOR ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION EFFLUENT

The invention relates to a process for the production of an alkene by alkane oxidative dehydrogenation, comprising: (a) subjecting a stream comprising an alkane to oxidative dehydrogenation conditions, comprising contacting the alkane with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide, resulting in a stream comprising alkene, unconverted alkane, water, carbon dioxide, unconverted oxygen, carbon monoxide and optionally an alkyne; (b) removing water from at least part of the stream comprising alkene, unconverted alkane, water, carbon dioxide, unconverted oxygen, carbon monoxide and optionally an alkyne resulting from step (a), resulting in a stream comprising alkene, unconverted alkane, carbon dioxide, unconverted oxygen, carbon monoxide and optionally alkyne; (c) removing unconverted oxygen, carbon monoxide and optionally alkyne from at least part of the stream comprising alkene, unconverted alkane, carbon dioxide, unconverted oxygen, carbon monoxide and optionally alkyne resulting from step (b), wherein carbon monoxide and optionally alkyne are oxidized into carbon dioxide, resulting in a stream comprising alkene, unconverted alkane and carbon dioxide; (d) optionally removing carbon dioxide from at least part of the stream comprising alkene, unconverted alkane in and carbon dioxide resulting from step (c), resulting in a stream comprising alkene and unconverted alkane; (e) optionally separating at least part of the stream comprising alkene and unconverted alkane resulting from step (d), into a stream comprising alkene and a stream comprising unconverted alkane; (f) optionally recycling unconverted alkane from at least part of the stream comprising unconverted alkane resulting from step (e), to step (a). 1. A process for the production of an alkene by alkane oxidative dehydrogenation , comprising:(a) subjecting a stream comprising an alkane to oxidative dehydrogenation conditions, comprising contacting the alkane with oxygen in the presence of a ...

PLASMONIC METAL NITRIDE AND TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE OXIDE NANOSTRUCTURES FOR PLASMON ASSISTED CATALYSIS

A nanostructured material system for efficient collection of photo-excited carriers is provided. They system comprises a plurality of plasmonic metal nitride core material elements coupled to a plurality of semiconductor material elements. The plasmonic nanostructured elements form ohmic junctions at the surface of the semiconductor material or at close proximity with the semiconductor material elements. A nanostructured material system for efficient collection of photo-excited carriers is also provided, comprising a plurality of plasmonic transparent conducting oxide core material elements coupled to a plurality of semiconductor material elements. The field enhancement, local temperature increase and energized hot carriers produced by nanostructures of these plasmonic material systems play enabling roles in various chemical processes. They induce, enhance, or mediate catalytic activities in the neighborhood when excited near the resonance frequencies. 1. A nanostructured material system for efficient collection of photo-excited carriers , comprising:a plurality of plasmonic metal nitride core material elements coupled to a corresponding plurality of semiconductor material elements.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plasmonic nanostructured elements form ohmic junctions at the surface of the semiconductor material elements or at close proximity with the semiconductor material elements.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plasmonic metal nitride core material is titanium nitride (TiN).4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the semiconductor is titanium dioxide (TiO) or TiON claim 3 , where 01.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the semiconductor material elements comprise tantalum pentoxide (TaO).8. The system of claim 5 , ...

Sustainable Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion with Oxygen Uncoupling and Methods for Their Manufacture

An oxygen carrier (OC) for use in Chemical Looping technology with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) for the combustion of carbonaceous fuels, in which commercial grade metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, and Co oxides and mixtures thereof constitute a primary oxygen carrier component. The oxygen carrier contains, at least, a secondary oxygen carrier component which is comprised by low-value industrial materials which already contain metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Co, Fe, Ni oxides or mixtures thereof. The secondary oxygen carrier component has a minimum oxygen carrying capacity of 1 g of O2 per 100 g material in chemical looping reactions. Methods for the manufacture of the OC are also disclosed.

Carbon supported catalyst comprising a modifier and process for preparing the carbon supported catalyst

The invention is related to a carbon supported catalyst comprising a carbon-comprising support with a BET surface area in a range from 400 m 2 /g to 2000 m 2 /g, a modifier comprising at least one mixed metal oxide, comprising niobium and titanium, and/or a mixture, comprising niobium oxide and titanium oxide, a catalytically active metal compound, wherein the catalytically active metal compound is platinum or an alloy comprising platinum and a second metal or an intermetallic compound comprising platinum and a second metal, the second metal being selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, chromium, copper, palladium, gold, ruthenium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, niobium, iron, vanadium and titanium. The invention is further related to a process for preparing the carbon supported catalyst.

Process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor and process for hydrocarbon synthesis

The invention provides a process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor. The process includes calcining a loaded catalyst support comprising a silica (SiO2) catalyst support supporting cobalt nitrate to convert the cobalt nitrate into cobalt oxide. The calcination includes heating the loaded catalyst support at a high heating rate, which does not fall below 10° C./minute, during at least a temperature range A. The temperature range A is from the lowest temperature at which calcination of the loaded catalyst support begins to 165° C. Gas flow is effected over the loaded catalyst support during at least the temperature range A. The catalyst precursor is reduced to obtain a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.

METHOD OF PREPARATION OF PEROVSKITE CATALYST

A preparation method of perovskite catalyst, represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: LaAgMnO(0.1≦x≦0.9), includes the steps of 1) preparing a metal precursor solution including a lanthanum metal precursor, a manganese metal precursor and a silver metal precursor, 2) adding maleic or citric acid to the metal precursor solution, 3) drying the mixture separately several times with sequentially elevating the temperature in the range of 160 to 210° C., and 4) calcining the dried mixture at 600 to 900° C. for 3 hours to 7 hours. 1. A preparation method of perovskite catalyst , represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: LaAgMnO(0.1≦x≦0.9) , including the steps of:1) preparing a metal precursor solution including a lanthanum metal precursor, a manganese metal precursor and a silver metal precursor;2) adding citric acid to the metal precursor solution;3) drying the mixture separately several times while sequentially elevating the temperature in the range of 160 to 210° C.; and4) calcining the dried mixture at 600 to 900° C. for 3 hours to 7 hours.2. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the lanthanum metal precursor is La(NO).6HO.3. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the manganese metal precursor is Mn(NO).6HO.4. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the silver metal precursor is AgNO.5. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the solvent of the metal precursor solution is distilled water.6. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of citric acid added is 0.2 to 2.0 moles per the total mole of lanthanum claim 1 , manganese and silver in the metal precursor solution.7. The preparation method according to claim 1 , further including the step of stirring the solution at 70 to 90° C. for 6 to 10 hours and drying the same at 100 to 120° C. for 8 to 14 hours claim 1 , between step 2) and step 3).8. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein step 3) is carried out by ...

Nickel hexaaluminate-containing catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons in the presence of carbon dioxide

The invention relates to a nickel hexaaluminate-comprising catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons, preferably methane, in the presence of carbon dioxide, which comprises hexaaluminate in a proportion in the range from 65 to 95% by weight, preferably from 70 to 90% by weight, and a crystalline, oxidic secondary phase selected from the group consisting of LaAlO 3 , SrAl 2 O 4 and BaAl 2 O 4 in the range from 5 to 35% by weight, preferably from 10 to 30% by weight. The BET surface area of the catalyst is ≧5 m 2 /g, preferably ≧10 m 2 /g. The molar nickel content of the catalyst is ≦3 mol %, preferably ≦2.5 mol % and more preferably ≦2 mol %. The interlayer cations are preferably Ba and/or Sr. The process for producing the catalyst comprises the steps: (i) production of a mixture of metal salts, preferably nitrate salts of Ni and also Sr and/or La, and a nanoparticulate aluminum source, (ii) molding and (iii) calcination. The catalyst of the invention is brought into contact with hydrocarbons, preferably methane, and CO 2 in a reforming process, preferably at a temperature of >800° C. The catalyst is also distinguished by structural and preferred properties of the nickel, namely that the nickel particles mostly have a tetragonal form and the particles have a size of ≦50 nm, preferably ≦40 nm and particularly preferably ≦30 nm, and are present finely dispersed as grown-on hexaaluminate particles. The catalyst has only a very low tendency for carbonaceous deposits to be formed.

MULTI-ZONED CATALYST SYSTEM FOR OXIDATION OF O-XYLENE AND/OR NAPHTHALENE TO PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE

The present invention relates to a catalyst system for oxidation of o-xylene and/or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride (PA) comprising at least four catalyst zones arranged in succession in the reaction tube and filled with catalysts of different chemical composition wherein the active material of the catalysts comprise vanadium and titanium dioxide and the active material of the catalyst in the last catalyst zone towards the reactor outlet has an antimony content (calculated as antimony trioxide) between 0.7 to 3.0 wt. %. The present invention further relates to a process for gas phase oxidation in which a gas stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through a catalyst system which comprises at least four catalyst zones arranged in succession in the reaction tube and filled with catalysts of different chemical composition wherein the active materials of the catalysts comprise vanadium and titanium dioxide and the active material of the catalyst in the last catalyst zone towards the reactor outlet has an antimony content (calculated as antimony trioxide) between 0.7 to 3.0 wt. %. 114.-. (canceled)15. A catalyst system for oxidation of o-xylene and/or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride comprising at least four catalyst zones arranged in succession in the reaction tube and filled with catalysts of different chemical composition wherein the catalytically active material of the catalyst is applied to an inert catalyst carrier and comprises vanadium and titanium dioxide and the active material of the catalyst in the last catalyst zone towards the reactor outlet has an antimony content (calculated as antimony trioxide) between 0.7 to 3.0 wt. %.16. The catalyst system according to claim 15 , wherein the active materials of the catalysts in the last two catalyst zones towards the reactor outlet have a lower average antimony content than the active materials of the catalysts in the remaining catalyst zones towards the reactor inlet.17. The ...

Nano-sized functional binder

Described are catalytic articles comprising a substrate having a washcoat on the substrate, the washcoat containing a catalytic component having a first average (D50) particle size and a functional binder component having a second average (D50) particle size in the range of about 10 nm to about 1000 nm, wherein the ratio of the first average (D50) particle size to the second average (D50) particle size is greater than about 10:1. The catalytic articles are useful in methods and systems to purify exhaust gas streams from an engine.

Catalysts for the mechanocatalytic oxidative depolymerization of polymer-containing materials and methods of making oxidized reaction products using same

The presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates generally to oxidative oxidized reaction products made from the mechanocatalytic oxidative depolymerization of lignin. More particularly, but without limitation, the mechanocatalytic oxidative depolymerization of lignin is performed in a non-aqueous/non-solvent based and solvent-free process, i.e., via a solid-solid mechanocatalytic oxidative reaction methodology. In one particular embodiment, the process of making such oxidative oxidized reaction products includes, without limitation, the step of mechanocatalytically reacting an oxidation catalyst with lignin or a lignin-containing material. The oxidative reaction products obtained from the process include, for example, at least one of vanillin, and syringealdehyde, vanillic acid, and syringic acid.

Nano-sized functional binder

Described are catalytic articles comprising a substrate having a washcoat on the substrate, the washcoat containing a catalytic component having a first average (D50) particle size and a functional binder component having a second average (D50) particle size in the range of about 10 nm to about 1000 nm, wherein the ratio of the first average (D50) particle size to the second average (D50) particle size is greater than about 10:1. The catalytic articles are useful in methods and systems to purify exhaust gas streams from an engine.

CATALYST COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESS FOR DIRECT PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE IN AN ACRYLONITRILE REACTOR FEED STREAM

The present invention relates to catalyst compositions containing a mixed oxide catalyst of formula (I) or formula (II) as described herein, their preparation, and their use in a process for ammoxidation of various organic compounds to their corresponding nitriles and to the selective catalytic oxidation of excess NHpresent in effluent gas streams to Nand/or NO. 1. A catalyst composition comprising a mixed oxide catalyst of formula (I) or (II):{'br': None, 'sub': 12', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'h, 'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6, 'MoXXXXXXO\u2003\u2003(I)'}{'br': None, 'sub': i', 'j', 'k', 'm', 'n', 'q', 'x', 'y', 'r, 'FeMoCrBiMNQXYO\u2003\u2003(II)'} [{'sup': '1', 'Xis Cr and/or W;'}, {'sup': '2', 'Xis Bi, Sb, As, P, and/or a rare earth metal;'}, {'sup': '3', 'Xis Fe, Ru, and/or Os;'}, {'sup': '4', 'Xis Ti, Zr, Hf, B, Al, Ga, In, TI, Si, Ge, Sn, and/or Pb;'}, {'sup': '5', 'Xis Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, Mn, Re, V, Nb, Ta, Se, and/or Te;'}, {'sup': '6', 'Xis an alkaline earth metal and/or an alkali metal;'}, '0≤a≤5;', '0.03≤b≤25;', '0≤c≤20;', '0≤d≤200;', '0≤e≤8;', '0≤f≤3; and', 'h is the number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the valence requirements of the component elements other than oxygen present in formula (I), where', '1≤c+d+e+f≤200;', '0≤e+f≤8; and, 'wherein in the formula (I) M is Ce and/or Sb;', 'N is La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, B, Al, Ga, In, TI, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, and/or As;', 'Q is W, Ru, and/or Os;', 'X is Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, Mn, Re, V, Nb, Ta, Se, and/or Te;', 'Y is an alkaline earth metal and/or an alkali metal;', '0.2≤i≤100;', '0≤j≤2;', '0≤k≤2;', '0.05≤m≤10;', '0≤n≤200;', '0≤q≤8;', '0≤x≤30;', '0≤y≤8;', 'j and kj; and', 'r is the number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the valence requirements of the component elements other than oxygen present in formula (II),, 'wherein in the formula (II) 4≤m+n+q+x+y≤200;', '0≤q+x+y≤30; and, 'wherein{'sup ...

METHOD FOR CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF KETOACIDS AND HYDROTREAMENT TO HYDROCARBONS

Catalytic conversion of ketoacids is disclosed, including methods for increasing the molecular weight of ketoacids. An exemplary method includes providing in a reactor a feedstock having at least one ketoacid. The feedstock is then subjected to one or more C—C-coupling reaction(s) in the presence of a catalyst system having a first metal oxide and a second metal oxide. 1. A method for increasing the molecular weight of a ketoacid , the method comprising:providing in a reactor a feedstock having at least one ketoacid; andsubjecting the feedstock to one or more C—C-coupling reaction(s), wherein the C—C-coupling reaction(s) are conducted in a presence of a solid acid catalyst system having a first metal oxide and a second metal oxide, and wherein a content of the at least one ketoacid in the feedstock is at least 30 wt-%.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst system has a specific surface area of from 10 to 500 m/g.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a total amount of the acid sites of the catalyst system ranges between 30 and 500 μmol/g.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one ketoacid is a γ-ketoacid acid.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the at least one ketoacid in the feedstock is at least 40 wt-% claim 1 , and/or the content of water in the feedstock is less than 5.0 wt-%.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal oxide comprises:an oxide of one of W, Be, B, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Bi, La, Ce, Th, and the second metal oxide comprises:an oxide of one of Zr, Ti, Si, Al, V, Cr or a combination of these, the first metal oxide not being same as the second metal oxide.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal oxide is supported on a metal oxide carrier claim 1 , wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of zirconia claim 1 , titania claim 1 , silica claim 1 , vanadium oxide claim 1 ...

CATALYST FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND APPLICATION THEREOF

A catalyst for oxidative coupling of methane, and preparation and application thereof. The catalyst comprises: a manganese sesquioxide, a tungstate, a manganese composite oxide having a perovskite structure and/or a spinel structure, and a carrier. The manganese sesquioxide, tungstate, and manganese composite oxide having a perovskite structure and/or a spinel structure are supported on the carrier, or the manganese sesquioxide and tungstate are supported on the admixture of the said manganese composite oxide having a perovskite structure and/or a spinel structure and the said carrier. Based on 100 parts by weight of the catalyst, the content of the manganese sesquioxide is a parts by weight, the content of the tungstate is b parts by weight, the content of the manganese composite oxide having the perovskite structure and/or the spinel structure is c parts by weight. e content of the carrier is d parts by weight. 0 Подробнее

NI-AL2O3@AL2O3-SIO2 CATALYST WITH COATED STRUCTURE, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND APPLICATION THEREOF

A Ni—AlO@AlO—SiOcatalyst with coated structure is provided. The catalyst has a specific surface area of 98 m/g to 245 m/g, and a pore volume of 0.25 cm/g to 1.1 cm/g. A mass ratio of an AlOcarrier to active component Ni in the catalyst is AlO:Ni=100:4˜26, a mass ratio of the AlOcarrier to an AlO—SiOcoating layer is AlO:AlO—SiO=100:0.1˜3, and a molar ratio of Al to Si in the AlO—SiOcoating layer is 0.01 to 1. Ni particles are distributed on a surface of the AlOcarrier in an amorphous or highly dispersed state and have a grain size less than or equal to 8 nm, and the coating layer is filled among the Ni particles. 1. A Ni—AlO@AlO—SiOcatalyst with coated structure , comprising: Ni particles are distributed on a surface of an AlOcarrier in an amorphous or highly dispersed state as an active component for the catalyst and have a grain size less than or equal to 8 nm , a mass ratio of the AlOcarrier to an AlO—SiOcoating layer is AlO:AlO—SiO=100:0.1˜3 , a molar ratio of Al to Si in the AlO—SiOcoating layer is 0.01˜0.1:1 , and the coating layer is filled among the Ni particles.2. The Ni—AlO@AlO—SiOcatalyst with coated structure according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst has a specific surface area of 98 m/g˜245 m/g claim 1 , and a pore volume of 0.25 cm/g˜1.1 cm/g claim 1 , and a mass ratio of the AlOcarrier to the active component Ni in the catalyst is AlO:Ni=100:4˜26.3. A preparation method of the Ni—AlO@AlO—SiOcatalyst with coated structure according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of:{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3, 'impregnation step: loading the active component Ni onto the AlOcarrier using an impregnation method, Ni being distributed in tetrahedral and octahedral holes on an AlOsurface and growing into microcrystalline particles by using the tetrahedral and octahedral holes as nuclei;'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '2', '3, 'deposition step: loading the AlO—SiOlayer in a depositing manner onto a surface of a Ni/AlOcatalyst obtained in the impregnation ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS FOR OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKYL AROMATIC COMPOUNDS INVOLVING LATTICE OXYGEN OF TRANSITION METAL OXIDES

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a process for dehydrogenating a first dehydrogenation reactant into its unsaturated counterparts. The disclosed process comprises introducing a dehydrogenation reactant to a metal oxide catalyst having dehydrogenation activity, and dehydrogenating the dehydrogenation reactant to provide its unsaturated counterpart and hydrogen; selectively combusting the hydrogen released during dehydrogenation using a lattice oxygen from the metal oxide catalyst, resulting in a reduced metal oxide catalyst and steam; re-oxidizing the reduced metal oxide catalyst by introducing a gaseous oxidant to the reduced metal oxide catalyst; and optionally re-using the re-oxidized metal oxide catalyst for catalytic conversion and combustion. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 1. A process for oxidative dehydrogenation , comprising:a. introducing one or more dehydrogenation reactants to a metal oxide catalyst having dehydrogenation activity, and dehydrogenating the one or more dehydrogenation reactants to provide a dehydrogenated reaction product and hydrogen;b. selectively combusting the hydrogen released during dehydrogenation using a lattice oxygen from the metal oxide catalyst, resulting in a reduced metal oxide catalyst and steam;c. re-oxidizing the reduced metal oxide catalyst by introducing a gaseous oxidant to the reduced metal oxide catalyst; and optionallyd. re-using the re-oxidized metal oxide catalyst for a subsequent dehydrogenation and/or selective combustion.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenation reactants comprise an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon or a substituted alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and the dehydrogenated reaction product comprises an alkene aromatic hydrocarbon or substituted alkene aromatic hydrocarbon claim 1 , respectively.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenation reactants ...

Mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for fischer-tropsch synthesis reactions and a preparing method thereof

The present invention relates to a mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and a method of preparing the same. The mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of the present invention can very stably maintain the mesoporous structure even under a H 2 -rich high-temperature reduction condition and under a reaction condition of the low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, easily transport reactants to the active site of the catalyst due to structural stability, and facilitate the release of heavier hydrocarbon products after production thereof. Additionally, unlike the conventional cobalt-based catalysts which are prepared by adding various co-catalysts for the purpose of improving reducibility, activity, selectivity and increasing thermal stability, etc., the mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can constantly maintain conversion and selectivity at high levels without further requiring co-catalysts and thus it can be very effectively used for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

Coating for reducing nitrogen oxides

A catalyst coating for use in a hydrolysis catalyst (H-catalyst) for the reduction of nitrogen oxides, a manufacturing method for such a coating, a catalyst structure and its use are described. The H-catalyst includes alkaline compounds, which are capable of adsorbing HNCO and/or nitrogen oxides and which include alkali and alkaline earth metals, lanthanum and/or yttrium and/or hafnium and/or prasedium and/or gallium, and/or zirconium for promoting reduction, such as for promoting the hydrolysis of urea and the formation of ammonia and/or the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides.

DEVICE FOR GENERATING OXYGEN FROM PEROXIDES IN IONIC LIQUIDS

The present invention is directed to a device for generating oxygen, comprising at least one oxygen source, at least one ionic liquid, and at least one metal salt, wherein the oxygen source comprises a peroxide compound, the ionic liquid is in the liquid state at least in a temperature range from −10° C. to +50° C., and the metal salt has an organic and/or an inorganic anion, and comprises one single metal or two or more different metals. The present invention also relates to charge components for filling or refilling the devices, and to the use of ionic liquids as dispersants or solvents for the reaction participants. 1. A device for generating oxygen comprising:at least one reaction chamber for housing a composition for generating oxygen, the composition comprising a combination of constituents consisting of at least one oxygen source, at least one ionic liquid, and at least one metal salt;means for maintaining at least one of the oxygen source, the ionic liquid and the metal salt physically separated from the remaining constituents;means for establishing physical contact of the oxygen source, the ionic liquid and the metal salt; andmeans for allowing oxygen to exit the reaction chamber;wherein the metal salt comprises a single metal or two or more different metals, and an organic and/or an inorganic anion; andwherein the oxygen source comprises a peroxide compound.2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the oxygen source is selected from: alkali metal percarbonates claim 1 , alkali metal perborates claim 1 , urea hydrogen peroxide claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the oxygen source is one or more of NaCO×1.5 HO claim 1 , NaBO×4HO claim 1 , NaBO×HO and urea hydrogen peroxide.4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is at least one salt having a cation and an anion claim 1 , wherein the cation is selected from the group consisting of: imidazolium claim 1 , pyrrolidinium claim 1 , ammonium claim 1 , ...

PEROVSKITE-CATALYZED HYDROGENOLYSIS OF HETEROATOM-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

Perovskite compounds that catalyze hydrogenolysis (e.g., hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodenitrogenation, and/or hydrodesulfurization) of heteroatom-containing compounds, as well as associated systems and methods, are generally described. In some embodiments, methods are provided for contacting a perovskite compound with a heteroatom-containing compound (e.g., a compound comprising oxygen, nitrogen, and/or sulfur) in the presence of hydrogen gas (H) such that the perovskite compound catalyzes hydrogenolysis of the heteratom-containing compound to produce one or more hydrocarbon products (e.g., one or more aromatic hydrocarbons and/or aliphatic hydrocarbons). According to certain embodiments, the perovskite compound has the formula ABDO, where A comprises a lanthanide, B comprises an alkaline earth metal, D comprises a transition metal, and x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. Compounds, systems, and methods described herein may be useful for applications involving petroleum (e.g., crude oil) and/or biofuels. 1. A method , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'contacting a perovskite compound with a heteroatom-containing compound in the presence of H, wherein the perovskite compound catalyzes hydrogenolysis of the heteroatom-containing compound to produce one or more hydrocarbon products.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite compound has the formula ABDO claim 1 , wherein:A comprises a lanthanide;B comprises an alkaline earth metal;D comprises a transition metal; andx is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heteroatom-containing compound comprises N claim 1 , O claim 1 , and/or S.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein hydrogenolysis comprises hydrodeoxygenation claim 1 , hydrodenitrogenation claim 1 , and/or hydrodesulfurization.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein A comprises La.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein B comprises Mg claim 2 , Ca claim 2 , Sr claim 2 , and/or Ba.7. The method of claim 6 ...

Dinuclear rhodium complex-doped platinum/hollow mesoporous silica sphere composite material, and preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a dinuclear rhodium complex-doped platinum/hollow mesoporous silica sphere composite material, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing hollow mesoporous silica by a selective etching technology, uniformly distributed a precious metal platinum in the channels of the hollow mesoporous silica by using simple impregnation, and mixing the obtained catalyst with dinuclear rhodium complex adsorbed silica gel to obtain the composite material integrating a chromogenic probe with the catalyst. The preparation method is simple, and the chromogenic performance of the dinuclear rhodium complex material and catalysis performance of the catalyst can achieve simultaneous detection and catalyst of CO; and the dinuclear rhodium complex has obvious response to CO, and has chromogenic change in the presence of 50 ppm CO, and the product prepared through the preparation method has excellent CO detection and treatment properties, and highly facilitates industrial application.

CATALYSTS FOR NATURAL GAS PROCESSES

Catalysts, catalytic forms and formulations, and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 138-. (canceled)39. A catalytic material comprising:(a) an OCM active catalyst; and {'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'x', 'y, 'Ln1Ln2O(OH)'}, '(b) a second catalyst comprising the following formulawherein:Ln1 and Ln2 are each independently different lanthanide elements;O is oxygen;OH is hydroxy;a is a number greater than 0; andb, x and y are each independently numbers of 0 or greater, provided that at least one of x or y is greater than 0, andwherein the catalytic material comprises a methane conversion of greater than 20% and a C2 selectivity of greater than 50% when the catalytic material is employed as a heterogeneous catalyst in the oxidative coupling of methane at a temperatures ranging from about 550° C. to about 750° C.40. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein b and x are each independently numbers greater than 0 claim 39 , and y is 0.41. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the OCM active catalyst is a bulk catalyst and the second catalyst is a nanostructured catalyst.42. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the OCM active catalyst is a nanostructured catalyst.43. The catalytic material of claim 42 , wherein the OCM active catalyst is a nanowire catalyst.44. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the second catalyst comprises a nanostructured catalyst comprising a lanthanum/neodymium oxide claim 39 , a lanthanum/cerium oxide claim 39 , a neodymium/cerium oxide claim 39 , a lanthanum/samarium oxide claim 39 , a neodymium/samarium oxide claim 39 , a europium/neodymium oxide claim 39 , a lanthanum/erbium oxide claim 39 , a neodymium/erbium oxide claim 39 , or a europium/lanthanum oxide.45. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the ...

COMPOSITION BASED ON OXIDES OF CERIUM, OF NIOBIUM AND, OPTIONALLY, OF ZIRCONIUM AND USE THEREOF IN CATALYSIS

A composition based on cerium and niobium oxide in a proportion of niobium oxide of 2% to 20% is described. This composition can include zirconium oxide, optionally 50% of cerium oxide, 2% to 20% of niobium oxide, and at most 48% of zirconium oxide. Also described, is the use of the composition for treating exhaust gases. 1. A composition comprising niobium oxide with the following proportions by weight:niobium oxide: from 2% to 20%; andthe remainder as cerium oxide.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises zirconium oxide with the following proportions by weight:cerium oxide: at least 50%;niobium oxide: from 2% to 20%; andzirconium oxide: up to 48%.3. The composition as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one oxide of an element M selected from the group consisting of tungsten claim 2 , molybdenum claim 2 , iron claim 2 , copper claim 2 , silicon claim 2 , aluminum claim 2 , manganese claim 2 , titanium claim 2 , vanadium and a rare earth metal other than cerium claim 2 , with the following proportions by weight:cerium oxide: at least 50%;niobium oxide: from 2% to 20%;oxide of the element M: up to 20%; andthe remainder as zirconium oxide.4. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein after calcination at 800° C. for 4 hours claim 1 , the composition exhibits an acidity of at least 6×10this acidity being expressed in ml of ammonia per mof composition.5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises niobium oxide in a proportion by weight of between 3% and 15%.6. The composition as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the composition comprises cerium oxide in a proportion by weight of at least 65% and niobium oxide in a proportion by weight between 2% and 12%.7. The composition as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the composition comprises cerium oxide in a proportion by weight of at least 70%.8. The composition as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the composition comprises ...

SUPPORTED CATALYST FOR ORGANIC SUBSTANCE DECOMPOSITION AND ORGANIC SUBSTANCE DECOMPOSING APPARATUS

A supported catalyst for decomposing an organic substance that includes a carrier and catalyst particles supported on the carrier. The catalyst particles contain a perovskite-type composite oxide represented by ABMO, where A contains at least one of Ba and Sr, B contains Zr, M is at least one of Mn, Co, Ni, and Fe, y+z=1, x>1, z<0.4, and w is a positive value that satisfies electrical neutrality. An organic substance decomposition rate after the supported catalyst is subjected to a heat treatment at 950° C. for 48 hours is greater than 0.97 when the organic substance decomposition rate before the heat treatment is regarded as 1, and an amount of the catalyst particles peeled off when the supported catalyst is ultrasonicated in water at 28 kHz and 220 W for 15 minutes is less than 1 wt % of the catalyst particles before untrasonication. 1. A supported catalyst for decomposing an organic substance , the supported catalyst comprising:a carrier; andcatalyst particles supported on the carrier, wherein{'sub': x', 'y', 'z', 'w, 'the catalyst particles contain a perovskite-type composite oxide represented by ABMO, where the A contains at least one selected from Ba and Sr, the B contains Zr, the M is at least one selected from Mn, Co, Ni, and Fe, y+z=1, x>1 and z<0.4, and w is a positive value that satisfies electrical neutrality,'}an organic substance decomposition rate of the supported catalyst after a heat treatment at 950° C. for 48 hours is greater than 0.97 when the organic substance decomposition rate before the heat treatment is regarded as 1, andan amount of the catalyst particles peeled off when the supported catalyst is ultrasonicated in water at 28 kHz and 220 W for 15 minutes is less than 1 wt % with respect to an initial amount of the catalyst particles before being ultrasonicated.2. The supported catalyst for decomposing an organic substance according to claim 1 , wherein 1.001≤x≤1.05 claim 1 , and 0.05≤z≤0.2.3. The supported catalyst for decomposing an ...

MIXED OXIDE CATALYST FOR THE OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

A mixed oxide catalyst for the oxidative coupling of methane can include a catalyst with the formula ABCDO, wherein: element A is selected from alkaline earth metals; elements B and C are selected from rare earth metals, and wherein elements B and C are different rare earth metals; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has basic properties; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has redox properties; and elements A, B, C, and D are selected to create a synergistic effect whereby the catalytic material provides a methane conversion of greater than or equal to 15% and a C selectivity of greater than or equal to 70%. Systems and methods can include contacting the catalyst with methane and oxygen and purifying or collecting C products. 1. A catalytic material for oxidative coupling of methane comprising:{'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'x, 'claim-text': element A is selected from alkaline earth metals;', 'elements B and C are selected from rare earth metals, and wherein elements B and C are different rare earth metals;', 'the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has basic properties;', 'the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has redox properties; and', {'sub': '2', 'sup': '−', 'elements A, B, C, and D are selected to create a synergistic effect whereby the catalytic material provides a methane conversion of greater than or equal to 15% and a C selectivity of greater than or equal to 70%.'}], 'a catalyst with the formula ABCDO, wherein2. The catalytic material according to claim 1 , wherein: =1.0; claim 1 , claim 1 , and are each in the range from about 0.01 to about 10; and is a number selected to balance the oxidation state of D.3. The catalytic material according to claim 1 , wherein element A is selected from the group consisting of magnesium claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , strontium claim 1 , and barium.4. The catalytic material according to claim 1 , wherein elements B and C are selected from the group consisting of cerium claim 1 , ytterbium claim 1 , ...

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION CATALYST

To provide an excellent exhaust gas purification catalyst with satisfactory NOselective reductive purification performance at lower temperature, and having a satisfactory NO formation rate. 1. A selective reduction catalyst for exhaust gas purification , represented by the formula: CoMn)TiO(where x in the molar ratio is a value greater than 0 and 0.2 or less).2. The selective reduction catalyst for exhaust gas purification according to claim 1 , wherein x is 0.1 or more and 0.2 or less.3. An exhaust gas purification method claim 1 , employing the selective reduction catalyst for exhaust gas purification according to .4. An exhaust gas purification method claim 2 , employing the selective reduction catalyst for exhaust gas purification according to . The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification catalyst, and particularly to a NO-selective reduction catalyst.In recent years, worldwide restrictions on exhaust gas are becoming tighter from the viewpoint of environmental protection. As one measure, exhaust gas purification catalysts are being employed in internal combustion engines. In order to efficiently remove the hydrocarbons (hereunder abbreviated as “HC”), CO and nitrogen oxides (hereunder abbreviated as “NOx”) in exhaust gas, exhaust gas purification catalysts employ precious metals such as Pt, Pd and Rh as catalyst components.Vehicles using such exhaust gas purification catalysts, such as gasoline engine vehicles and diesel engine vehicles, employ various types of systems designed to increase both catalytic activity and fuel efficiency. For example, in order to increase fuel efficiency, combustion is carried out under lean air/fuel ratio (A/F) conditions (oxygen excess) during steady operation, and in order to increase catalytic activity, combustion is temporarily conducted under stoichiometric (theoretical air/fuel ratio, A/F=14.7) to rich (fuel excess) conditions.This is because conventionally known catalysts including precious metals such as Pt ...

METHODS OF MAKING AND USING LAYERED COBALT NANO-CATALYSTS

A method of making LDO-Co nanoparticles is described herein. A method of using LDO-Co nanoparticles, particularly in the treatment of wastewater, is described herein. 1. A method of making layered double oxide (LDO) particles comprising:reacting a solution comprising cobalt with layered double hydroxide (LDH).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cobalt in the solution comprising cobalt is provided as cobalt nitrate (Co(NO)).3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solution comprising cobalt further comprises at least one of urea (CO(NH)) claim 2 , aluminum nitrate (Al(NO)) claim 2 , and magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO)).4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the cobalt nitrate claim 3 , aluminum nitrate claim 3 , and magnesium nitrate are provided at a molar ratio of 2 magnesium nitrate:2 cobalt nitrate:1 aluminum nitrate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting comprises placing the solution comprising cobalt in a sealed container with LDH.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting comprises heating the solution comprising cobalt and LDH to a temperature of 600° C.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the heating the solution takes place under an inert atmosphere.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the inert atmosphere is argon gas.9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the sealed container is a quartz tube.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting comprises thermal phase transformation.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the thermal phase transformation takes place under a hydrogen gas atmosphere.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the hydrogen gas atmosphere is introduced at a rate of 50 sccm.13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the thermal phase transformation is allowed to proceed for about 20 minutes.14. The method of claim 3 , wherein the molar percentage of cobalt relative to all metals (Θ) is between 0.1 and 67%.15. The method of claim 14 , wherein Θ is about 28%.16. A method of purifying water comprising:contacting layered double oxide (LDO) comprising ...

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS

Heterogeneous catalysts with optional dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C hydrocarbons. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 1. A catalyst comprising a mixed oxide base material , the mixed oxide comprising erbium (Er) and at least one further lanthanide element.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the mixed oxide comprises a physical blend of Er claim 1 , or an oxidized form thereof claim 1 , and the further lanthanide element claim 1 , or an oxidized form thereof.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the mixed oxide has the following formula (I):{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'z, 'LnErO\u2003\u2003 (I)'} Ln is the lanthanide element;', 'Er is erbium;', 'O is oxygen; and', 'x, y and z are each independently numbers greater than 0., 'wherein4. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein x claim 3 , y and z are selected such that the overall charge of the catalyst is about 0.5. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein x claim 3 , y and z are selected such that z is from 150% to 200% of the sum of x and y.6. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the mixed oxide is LnErOor LnErO.727-. (canceled)28. A bulk catalyst comprising a base material comprising an oxide of one or more lanthanide elements and a dopant combination selected from Sr/Ce claim 3 , Sr/Tb claim 3 , Sr/B and Sr/Hf/K.29. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the oxide has the following formula (III):{'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'c, 'Ln1Ln2Ln3Ln4Ln5O\u2003\u2003 (III)'} Ln1, Ln2, Ln3, Ln4 and Ln5 are independently different lanthanide elements;', 'O is oxygen; and', 'a and c are each independently numbers greater than 0; and', 'b, d, e, and f are independently 0 or a number greater than 0., 'wherein30. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the dopant combination consists essentially of Sr/Ce claim 28 , Sr/Tb claim 28 , Sr/B or Sr/Hf/K.31. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the dopant ...

Composite Material Containing A Bismuth-Molybdenum-Nickel Mixed Oxide Or A Bismuth-Molybdenum-Cobalt Mixed Oxide And SIO2

The present invention relates to a process for producing a composite material and also the composite material itself. The composite material contains a bismuth-molybdenum-nickel mixed oxide or a bismuth-molybdenum-cobalt mixed oxide and a specific SiO2 as pore former. The present invention also relates to the use of the composite material according to the invention for producing a washcoat suspension and also a process for producing a coated catalyst using the composite material according to the invention. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a coated catalyst which has a catalytically active shell comprising the composite material according to the invention on a support body. The coated catalyst according to the invention is used for preparing [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated aldehydes from olefins.

CATALYSTS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING RECYCLED POLYESTER

The present invention describes the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts of mixed oxides based upon niobium and mixed oxides of zinc, manganese, nickel, cobalt and/or aluminum, originating from hydrotalcites (HTs) as precursor phase of heterogeneous catalysts, and application thereof in the chemical recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) for the production of metal free bis(hydroxy)ethylene (BHET) monomers and oligomers having a processing performance similar to that of the homogeneous catalysis system. 2. A catalyst according to claim 1 , comprising the following general formulas:{'sub': 0.2', '4', '0.5', '4', '0.2', '0.5', '0.2', '4', '0.2', '4, 'NiAlNH, NiAlNH, NiAlNa, NiAlNa, NiMn(1:2)AlNHand NiMn(2:1)AlNH, wherein the proportion in brackets refers to the molar ratio between the metals.'}3. A catalyst according to claim 1 , comprising the following general formulas:{'sub': 0.8', '0.2', '2', '3', '0.1', '2, 'sup': '2−', 'CoAl(OH)(CO).mHO, for the CoAl catalysts,'}{'sub': 0.54', '0.26', '0.2', '2', '3', '0.1', '2, 'sup': '2−', 'CoMnAl(OH)(CO).mHO, for the CoMnAl catalysts,'}{'sub': 0.8', '0.2', '2', '3', '0.1', '2, 'sup': '2−', 'CoFe(OH)(CO).mHO, for the CoFe catalysts,'}wherein x=0.20 and m=1−(3/2)x+0.125.4. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the variable pH or the fixed pH is controlled by the rate of addition of the solutions of metals and of (NH)COand NHOH claim 1 , wherein the pH lies in the range between 5 and 11.5. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein NH and Na are combined with the anion of compensation (CO)in the form (NH)(CO) and Na(CO) claim 1 , respectively.6. A catalyst for the obtainment of recycled polyester claim 1 , comprising the following general formula:{'br': None, 'sub': x', '(x-y)', 'x, 'NbNaZnO\u2003\u2003(IX),'}wherein x, y and z=x=3 to 5.7. A catalyst according to claim 6 , wherein the quantity of ZnO in the formulation varies between 10 and 70% claim 6 , preferentially between 20 and 60% of ZnO.8. A process of ...

Plasmonic Nanoparticle Catalysts and Methods for Producing Long-Chain Hydrocarbon Molecules

A plasmonic nanoparticle catalyst for producing hydrocarbon molecules by light irradiation, which comprises at least one plasmonic provider and at least one catalytic property provider, wherein the plasmonic provider and the catalytic property provider are in contact with each other or have distance less than 200 nm, and molecular composition of the hydrocarbon molecules produced by light irradiation is temperature-dependent. And a method for producing hydrocarbon molecules by light irradiation utilizing the plasmonic nanoparticle catalyst.

PHOTOCATALYST FORMULATIONS AND COATINGS

An apparatus includes a substrate having a surface, and a transparent semiconductor photocatalyst layer secured to the surface of the substrate, wherein the photocatalyst layer includes titanium oxide and a component selected from a fluorescent dye, ultra-fine glitter, indium tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, silver nitrate, and combinations thereof. The photocatalyst coating may be formed on a substrate using a formulation that includes an aqueous mixture of titanium oxide and amorphous titanium peroxide, wherein the aqueous mixture may further include one of the components. A method of forming the photocatalyst coating may include applying an aqueous mixture of titanium oxide and amorphous titanium peroxide to a surface of the substrate, wherein the photocatalyst coating includes a fluorescent dye, ultra-fine glitter, indium tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, and/or silver nitrate. The aqueous mixture may then be dried and heated to 100 degrees Celsius or greater. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a substrate having a surface; anda transparent semiconductor photocatalyst layer secured to the surface of the substrate, wherein the transparent semiconductor photocatalyst layer includes titanium oxide and a component selected from a fluorescent dye, ultra-fine glitter, indium tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, and/or silver nitrate.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the component is a fluorescent dye.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the component is ultra-fine glitter.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the component is indium tin oxide.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the component is aluminum zinc oxide.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the component is silver nitrate.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a transparent material selected from glass claim 1 , fused quartz and plastic.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising:a light-emitting element disposed adjacent to the substrate to direct light through the transparent substrate ...

MULTICOMPONENT PLASMONIC PHOTOCATALYSTS CONSISTING OF A PLASMONIC ANTENNA AND A REACTIVE CATALYTIC SURFACE: THE ANTENNA-REACTOR EFFECT

A multicomponent photocatalyst includes a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material. A method of performing a catalytic reaction includes loading a multicomponent photocatalyst including a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material into a reaction chamber; introducing molecular reactants into the reaction chamber; and illuminating the reaction chamber with a light source. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. A multicomponent photocatalyst comprising:a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material, wherein the reactive component is alloyed at the surface of the plasmonic material.23. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material is selected from gold (Au) claim 22 , silver (Ag) claim 22 , copper (Cu) claim 22 , aluminum (Al) claim 22 , alloys thereof claim 22 , TiN claim 22 , or doped semiconductors.24. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material is a 2-dimensional material.25. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein a molar ratio of the plasmonic material to the reactive component may be between 1000:1 to 10:1.26. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material has a plasmon resonance at a wavelength between 180 nm and 10 microns.27. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material has a plasmon resonance at a wavelength between about 380 nm-760 nm of the electromagnetic spectrum.28. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material has at least one dimension with a size between about 1 nm and 300 nm.29. The ...

Isothermal synthesis of fuels with reactive oxides

A method for converting thermal energy to chemical energy by reducing a reactive oxide substrate at a constant temperature under a first atmosphere with a lower oxygen partial pressure, and then contacting the reduced oxide at the same temperature with a second atmosphere with a higher oxygen partial pressure, during which oxygen is driven into the reduced oxide by the oxygen chemical potential difference between the two atmospheres, thereby leaving fuel behind, i.e. producing fuel. A method for preparing the reactive oxide substrate by using liquid media as a binder and pore former and heating the mixture of the reactive oxide and the liquid media, thereby forming the reactive oxide substrate.

ADDITIVES FOR GAS PHASE OXIDATIVE DESULFURIZATION CATALYSTS

A composition useful in oxidative desulphurization of gaseous hydrocarbons is described. It comprises a CuZnAl—O mixed oxide, and an H form of a zeolite. The mixed oxide can contain one or more metal oxide promoters. The H form of the zeolite can be desilicated, and can also contain one or more transition metals. 1. A composition useful in oxidative desulfurization of gaseous , sulfur containing hydrocarbons , (i) a CuZnAl—O mixed oxide component comprising nominal copper oxide in an amount ranging from 10 weight percent (wt %) to 50 wt % , zinc oxide in an amount ranging from 5 wt % to less than 20 wt % , and aluminum oxide in an amount ranging from 20 wt % to 70 wt % , wherein said catalytic composition has a highly dispersed spinel oxide phase with a formula CuZnAlOwherein x ranges from 0 to 1 , dispersed crystalline ZnO and CuO , and (ii) at least one zeolite in H form.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said CuZnAL-O mixed oxide component is in granular form.3. The composition of claim 1 , formed as a cylinder claim 1 , a sphere claim 1 , a trilobe claim 1 , or a quatrolobe.4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein granules of said CuZnAL-O mixed oxide component have a diameter of from 1 mm to 4 mm.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said CuZnAl—O mixed oxide component has a surface area of from 10 m/g to 100 m/g.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the total pore volume of said CuZnAL-O mixed oxide component is from about 0.1 cm/g to about 0.5 cm/g7. The composition of claim 1 , said CuZnAl—O mixed oxide component comprising from 20 wt % to 45 wt % CuO claim 1 , from 10 wt % to less than 20 wt % ZnO claim 1 , and from 20 wt % to 70 wt % of AlO.8. The composition of claim 7 , said catalyst comprising from 30 wt % to 45 wt % CuO claim 7 , from 12 wt % to less than 20 wt % ZnO claim 7 , and from 20 wt % to 40 wt % AlO.9. The catalytic composition of claim 5 , said CuZnAl—O mixed oxide component having a surface area of from 50 m/g to 100 m/g.10. The ...

CATALYST FOR ALKANE OXIDATIVE UU DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process for preparing a shaped catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation, which comprises: a) preparing a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium; b) mixing the catalyst obtained in step a), a binder and optionally water, wherein the binder has a surface area greater than 100 m/g and a water loss upon heating at a temperature of 485° C. which is greater than 1 wt. %; c) shaping the mixture obtained in step b) to form a shaped catalyst by means of tableting; and d) subjecting the shaped catalyst obtained in step c) to an elevated temperature. Further, the invention relates to a catalyst obtainable by said process and to a process of alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation wherein said catalyst is used. 1. A process for preparing a shaped catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation , the process comprising:a) preparing a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium;b) mixing the catalyst obtained in step a), a binder and optionally water, wherein the binder has a surface area greater than 100 m2/g and a water loss upon heating at a temperature of 485° C. greater than 1 wt. %, wherein said water loss is represented by the difference between the binder weight after heating the binder at a temperature of 110° C. and the binder weight after heating the binder at a temperature of 485° C., relative to the binder weight after heating the binder at a temperature of 110° C.;c) shaping the mixture obtained in step b) to form a shaped catalyst by means of tableting; andd) subjecting the shaped catalyst obtained in step c) to an elevated temperature.2. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the water loss of the binder is at least 2 wt. %.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the surface area of the binder is of from 150 to 500 m2/g.4. The process according to claim 1 , ...

OXYNITRIDE HYDRIDE, SUPPORTED METAL MATERIAL CONTAINING OXYNITRIDE HYDRIDE, AND CATALYST FOR AMMONIA SYNTHESIS

The invention provides a perovskite-type oxynitride hydride which can be easily synthesized by achieving both improvement in catalytic performance and stabilization when used as a support of a catalyst. The oxynitride hydride is represented by general formula (1a) or (1b). 1. An oxynitride hydride represented by the following general formula (1a) or (1b) ,{'br': None, 'sub': 3-x', 'y', 'z, 'ABONH\u2003\u2003(1a)'}{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4-x', 'y', 'z, 'ABONH\u2003\u2003(1b)'}wherein, in the general formula (1a), A is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ba and Sr; B is Ce; x represents a number represented by 0.2≤x≤2.0; y represents a number represented by 0.1≤y≤1.0; and z represents a number represented by 0.1≤z≤1.0, andin the above general formula (1b), A is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ba and Sr; B is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ce, La and Y; x represents a number represented by 0.2≤x≤2.0; y represents a number represented by 0.1≤y≤1.0; and z represents a number represented by 0.1≤z≤1.0.2. A perovskite-type oxynitride hydride represented by the following general formula (2) ,{'br': None, 'sub': 3-x', 'y', 'z, 'BaCeONH\u2003\u2003(2)'}wherein, in the general formula (2), x represents a number represented by 0.2≤x≤2.0; y represents a number represented by 0.1≤y≤1.0; and z represents a number represented by 0.1≤z≤1.0.3. A supported metal material in which a transition metal (M) is supported on a support ,{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'wherein the supported metal material is a composition comprising the oxynitride hydride according to .'}4. The supported metal material according to claim 3 , wherein a loading amount of the transition metal (M) is 0.01 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the support.5. The supported metal material according to claim 3 , wherein the transition metal (M) is at least one selected from the ...

Catalyst and method for synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbons through direct conversion of synthesis gas

Synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in a fixed bed or a moving bed reactor loaded with a composite catalyst comprising Catalyst Component A and Catalyst Component B mixed via a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the active ingredient of the Catalyst Component A is active metal oxides; and the Catalyst Component B is one or both of ZSM-5 zeolite and metal modified ZSM-5; the pressure of the synthesis gas is 0.1-6 MPa; the reaction temperature is 300-600° C.; and the space velocity is 500-8000 h−1. The reaction process has a high product yield and selectivity, with the selectivity of aromatics reaching 50-85%, while the selectivity of the methane byproduct is less than 15%.

Catalysts, systems, and processes for regulating a contacting state in producing light olefins from paraffins

The present invention relates to catalysts, catalyst systems, and processes for the production of valuable light olefins, such as ethylene, from paraffinic hydrocarbons, such as propane, through dehydrogenation and metathesis. The contacting state between dehydrogenation and metathesis catalysts can advantageously be manipulated using an inert or relatively inert coating or outer shell that provides a degree of physical separation between catalytically active centers or inner cores. This has been discovered to significantly increase olefin selectivity (i.e., reduce undesired hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis side reactions) without an appreciable paraffin conversion deficit, such that the overall yield of desired olefinic hydrocarbons such as ethylene is thereby significantly increased.

OXYGEN GENERATOR AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE OXYGEN PRODUCTION RATE OF AN OXYGEN GENERATOR

An oxygen generator has a composition for generating oxygen and an acidic compound and/or a basic compound. The composition for generating oxygen includes an oxygen source, an ionic liquid, a metal oxide compound and/or a metal salt, and optionally a basic compound. The oxygen source is a peroxide compound, the ionic liquid is in the liquid state at least in a temperature range from −10° C. to +50° C., the metal oxide compound is an oxide of a single metal or of two or more different metals selected from the metals of groups 2 to 14 of the periodic table of the elements. The metal salt has a single metal or two or more different metals, and an organic and/or an inorganic anion. There is also described a method for controlling the oxygen production rate of the oxygen generator, and a device for generating oxygen in a controlled manner. 1. (canceled)2. The oxygen generator according to claim 16 , wherein the oxygen source is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal percarbonates claim 16 , alkali metal perborates claim 16 , urea hydrogen peroxide claim 16 , and mixtures thereof.3. The oxygen generator according to claim 16 , wherein the ionic liquid is at least one salt having a cation and an anion claim 16 , wherein the cation is selected from the group consisting of imidazolium claim 16 , pyrrolidinium claim 16 , ammonium claim 16 , pyridinium claim 16 , pyrazolium claim 16 , piperidinium claim 16 , phosphonium claim 16 , and sulfonium cations and/or wherein the anion is selected from the group consisting of dimethylphosphate claim 16 , methylsulfate claim 16 , ethylsulfate claim 16 , trifluoromethylsulfonate claim 16 , bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide claim 16 , chloride claim 16 , bromide claim 16 , iodide claim 16 , tetrafluoroborate claim 16 , hexafluorophosphate claim 16 , acetate claim 16 , and but-3-enoate.4. The oxygen generator according to claim 16 , wherein the metal oxide compound is selected from the group consisting of MnO claim 16 , CoO ...

System For Suflide Treatment In Oilfield Systems

A process for continuous, on-demand production of dilute acrolein liquid on-site, at or near the point of acrolein injection, by the liquid dehydration of glycerol in an improved tubular reactor where non-aqueous glycerol is combined with a heteropolyacid catalyst, including silicotungstic acid, phosphotungstic acid, or phosphomolybdic acid. The acid catalyst is evenly dissolved and dispersed in the glycerol upstream of the reactor vessel. The reaction is conducted in a tubular reactor which is heated to an elevated reaction temperature. The dilute acrolein produced in the tubular reactor is directed downstream, optionally through a liquid-liquid heat exchanger and then an air-liquid heat exchanger to reduce temperature, and then diluted prior to being injected into sulfide contaminated systems (such as oil & gas water floods, water disposal systems, producing oil wells, and fuel oil storage) via a pressure conduit.