СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА НЕНАСЫЩЕННОГО НИТРИЛА

... 1. Способ производства ненасыщенного нитрила с помощью реакции аммоксидирования пропана в паровой фазе с применением реактора с кипящим слоем в присутствии сложнооксидного катализатора, содержащего Mo, V и Nb, при этом способ содержит стадию:добавления в реактор с кипящим слоем соединения вольфрама с регулированием молярного отношения (отношение W/Mo) вольфрама, содержащегося в соединении вольфрама, к молибдену, содержащемуся в сложнооксидном катализаторе, который находится в реакторе с кипящим слоем, таким образом, чтобы молярное отношение находилось в диапазоне от 0,0001 до 0,1.2. Способ производства ненасыщенного нитрила по п. 1, содержащий стадию добавления в реактор с кипящим слоем соединения молибдена.3. Способ производства ненасыщенного нитрила по п. 1 или 2, в котором сложнооксидный катализатор содержит сложный оксид с составом, представленным следующей формулой (1):MoVNbAXZO(1),в которой компонент A представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один или несколько элементов, выбранных из ...

CATALYST FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID OR ACETIC ACID AND ETHYL ACETATE, PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID OR ACETIC ACID AND ETHYL ACETATE USING THE SAME

Catalytic visbreaking process

The severity of visbreaking of an oil is increased without increasing the instability of the product by incorporating into the feedstock a catalyst preferably supported on a porous substrate. The catalyst is the elemental form or compound of an element selected from the group consisting of selenium, tellurium and sulfur.

ТВЕРДЫЙ КИСЛОТНЫЙ КАТАЛИЗАТОР И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к катализатору для использования его в способах конверсии углеводородов и, более конкретно, к получению модифицированных анионами твердых кислотных катализаторов. Описана каталитическая композиция, содержащая: a) кислородное соединение элемента, выбранного из группы IVB Периодической системы элементов; b) кислородное соединение элемента, выбранного из группы VIB Периодической системы элементов; c) не менее примерно 1 мас.% частиц коллоидального диоксида кремния по отношению к общей массе катализатора; d) соединение алюминия; и е) металл группы VIII. Описан способ химической конверсии углеводорода, включающий взаимодействие углеводорода в условиях реакции химической конверсии с указанной каталитической композицией. Технический эффект - повышение активности и селективности каталитической композиции. 2 н. и 14 з.п. ф-лы, 3 табл.

AMMONOXIDATION CATALYST SUITABLE BY PARAFFINS AND FOR IT.

Photocatalyst composition and preparing method thereof

OLEFIN SELECTIVE FT CATALYST COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION THEREOF

The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst comprising in its unreduced form a) Fe as catalytically active metal, b) an alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal in an alkali metal- and/or alkaline-earth metal-containing promoter, the alkali metal, c) and a further promoter comprising, or consisting of, one or more element(s) selected from the group of boron, germanium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium and tellurium, to a process for the synthesis of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst, to a hydrocarbon synthesis process which is operated in the present of such a catalyst and to the use of such a catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis process.

OXICHLORINATION CATALYSTS WITH MOLYBDENUM TERNARY CHALCOGENIDES

La présente invention concerne des chalcogénures de formule MxMo6Ch8 dans laquelle M désigne un métal, Ch désigne le soufre, le selenium ou le tellure et x est compris èntre 0 et 4. Ces chalcogénures sont utiles comme catalyseur d'oxychloration. L'invention concerne également un procédé d'oxychloration utilisant au moins un desdits chalcogénures, des charges catalytiques renfermant au moins un desdits chalcogénures et un procédé de préparation desdits chalcogénures.

CATALYST FOR DEHYDRATION REACTION OF GLYCERIN, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND PREPARATION METHOD OF ACROLEIN

The present invention relates to a catalyst for a dehydration reaction of glycerin, a preparation method thereof, and a preparation method of acrolein. More particularly, the catalyst for a dehydration reaction of glycerin can minimize generation of byproducts from a glycerin dehydration reaction, and can improve selectivity of acrolein while maintaining high catalytic activity during the reaction. The catalyst comprises complex metal oxide represented by (Ma)_p(Mb)_qB_rW_sP_tO_x. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016 ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING PROPYLENE OXIDE

The present invention relates to a method of producing propylene oxide, comprising a step of reacting propylene and oxygen in the presence of a silver catalyst and water, wherein the silver catalyst is a catalyst prepared from (a) metallic silver, a silver compound or a mixture thereof, (b) a tellurium compound and (c) a carrier.

CATALYST FOR PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID OR ACETIC ACID AND ETHYL ACETATE, PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID OR ACETIC ACID AND ETHYL ACETATE USING IT

An acetic acid production catalyst that contains (b) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 14 elements, Group 15 and Group 16 elements of the Periodic Table and/or (c) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 6 elements, Group 7 elements, Group 8 elements, Group 9 elements, Group 10 elements, Group 11 elements and Group 12 elements of the Periodic Table, added to a palladium-loaded catalyst, as well as an acetic acid and ethylacetate production catalyst that contains (b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids and salts thereof and/or (c) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 14 elements, Group 15 and Group 16 elements of the Periodic Table and/or (d) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 6 elements, Group 7 elements, Group 8 elements, Group 9 elements, Group 10 elements, Group 11 elements and Group 12 elements of the Periodic Table, added to palladium ...

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА НЕНАСЫЩЕННОГО НИТРИЛА

Изобретение относится к способу производства ненасыщенного нитрила с помощью реакции аммоксидирования пропана в паровой фазе с применением реактора с кипящим слоем в присутствии сложнооксидного катализатора, содержащего Mo, V и Nb. При этом способ содержит стадию добавления в реактор с кипящим слоем соединения вольфрама во время каталитической реакции аммоксидирования в паровой фазе с регулированием молярного отношения (отношение W/Mo) вольфрама, содержащегося в соединении вольфрама, к молибдену, содержащемуся в сложнооксидном катализаторе, который находится в реакторе с кипящим слоем, таким образом, чтобы молярное отношение находилось в диапазоне от 0,0001 до 0,1. Сложнооксидный катализатор содержит сложный оксид с составом, представленным формулой MoVNbAXZO, в которой компонент "А" представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один или несколько элементов, выбранных из Те и Sb; компонент X представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один или несколько элементов, выбранных из W, Bi и Mn; компонент Z представляет ...

Processo para preparar um catalisador melhorado, catalisador, e, processo para produzir um ácido carboxìlico insaturado e para produzir uma nitrila insaturada

Catalytic mixtures for ammoxidation of paraffins

Ammoxidation of C3 to C5 acyclic alkanes with NH3 and O2 using (1) a mole ratio of alkane:NH3 in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkane:O2 in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst compositions, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated nitrile. Catalytic compositions useful in the process are disclosed.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CYCLICISED COMPOUNDS FROM ORGANIC ACIDS HAVING FROM 4 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS

The present invention relates to a method for producing a cyclic compound that has high selectivity, high yield, and stability over a long period of time depending on a metal content ratio of a catalyst, specifically a lactone compound or a heterocyclic compound including oxygen, which includes hydrogenating an organic acid, organic acid ester, or a mixture of the organic acid and organic acid ester, which are having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, by using a selective hydrogenated catalyst.

Single crystalline phase catalyst

An orthorhombic phase mixed metal oxide is produced selectively in quantitative yield.

AMMOXIDATION OF PARAFFIN AND CATALYST SYSTEM THEREFOR

Способ получения акриловой кислоты

Изобретение относится к одностадийному способу газофазного окисления пропана с образованием акриловой кислоты в присутствии смешанного металлоксидного катализатора в избытке кислорода воздуха по отношению к пропану. Изобретение также относится к области электротехники и может быть использовано для активации электрическим током токопроводящих катализаторов процесса газофазного окисления пропана и других каталитических процессов с их использованием. Предложен способ получения акриловой кислоты в проточном реакторе при атмосферном давлении и повышенной температуре в присутствии смешанного металлоксидного катализатора при использовании в качестве газового сырья смеси пропана, воздуха и паров воды, где слой гранулированного токопроводящего катализатора состава Mo1.0V0.37Te0.17Nb0.12O3 с размером частиц 0,4-0,8 мм нагревают предварительно подогретым газовым сырьем с объемным соотношением пропана и воздуха 1:10 и парциальным давлением воды в смеси 170 Торр, при этом к слою катализатора подводят ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА И СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ НЕНАСЫЩЕННОГО НИТРИЛА

Изобретение предлагает способ получения катализатора и способ получения ненасыщенного нитрила. Описан способ получения катализатора, предназначенного для использования в реакции газофазного каталитического аммоксидирования пропана, причем данный способ составляют: подготовительная стадия растворения или диспергирования исходного материала для получения подготовленного жидкого исходного материала; первая сушильная стадия высушивания подготовленного жидкого исходного материала для получения высушенного материала; обжиговая стадия обжига высушенного материала для получения сложного оксида, представленного следующей формулой MoVNbAXZO(1), где A представляет собой по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, которую составляют Sb и Te; X представляет собой по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, которую составляют W, Bi, Mn и Ti; и Z представляет собой по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, которую составляют La, Ce, Pr, Yb, Y и Sc; и a, b, c, d, e и n представляют ...

PROCEDURE FOR AMMOXIDATION OF PARAFFINS AND CATALYST COMPOSITION FOR IT.

SOLID ACID CATALYST AND METHOD OF USING SAME

A catalyst composition includes an oxygen compound of an element selected from Group IVB or Group IVA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; an oxygen compound of an element selected from Group VIB or Group VIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and at least about 1% by weight based upon total catalyst weight of fumed silica particles. The catalyst composition is advantageously employed in hydrocarbon conversion processes such as isomerization.

METHOD FOR THE HYDROTHERMAL PREPARATION OF MOLYBDENUM-BISMUTH-COBALT-IRON-BASED MIXED OXIDE CATALYSTS

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SILICA-SUPPORTED CATALYST, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID OR UNSATURATED NITRILE

Cathode catalyst for fuel cell, membrane-electrode assembly for fuel cell including same and fuel cell system including same

A cathode catalyst including Ru-Ch having a skeletal structure. The Ch includes a material selected from the group consisting of S, Se, Te, and combinations thereof. The Ru-Ch may include from about 40 to about 95 atom % of Ru, and from about 5 to about 60 atom % of Ch; or from about 50 to about 70 atom % of Ru, and from about 30 to about 50 atom % of Ch. The skeletal structure may include a plurality of ruthenium tubes having a three-dimensionally connected network, and the Ch may be connected to the ruthenium tubes. The skeletal structure of the Ru-Ch may be formed using a RuM alloy, where M is a material selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, and combinations thereof.

Ternary molybdenum chalcogenide oxychlorination catalysts

Hydrocarbons are oxychlorinated by reaction with gaseous HCl and an oxygen-containing gas, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a ternary copper/molybdenum chalcogenide having the formula: Cux Mo6 Ch88 wherein x is a number ranging up to 4 and Ch is sulfur, selenium or tellurium, advantageously, in the added presence of a known oxychlorination catalyst and, optionally, a proportion of inert particulate solids; the ternary molybdenum chalcogenides of the formula Mx Mo6 S8 are also prepared, wherein M is a metal, advantageously by the hydrogen gas reduction of intimate admixture of MoS2 and metal M, or precursors thereof.

Catalytic visbreaking process

The severity of visbreaking of an oil is increased without increasing the instability of the product by incorporating into the feedstock a catalyst preferably supported on a porous substrate. The catalyst is the elemental form or compound of an element selected from the group consisting of selenium, tellurium and sulfur.

Catalyst for synthesizing acrylonitrile and process for producing acrylonitrile

A catalyst for synthesizing acrylonitrile that enables acrylonitrile to be synthesized at high yield, and a process for producing acrylonitrile using that catalyst, are provided. A catalyst for synthesizing acrylonitrile is used having a composition represented by FeaSbbCcDdTeeFfXxYyZzOg(SiO2)h. In the formula, component C represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni and Co, component D from the group consisting of Mo, W and V, component F from the group consisting of P and B, component X from the group consisting of Sn, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Cr, Ru, Pd, Ag, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, As, Bi, La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm, component Y from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Zn and Pb, and component Z from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs, and SiO2 represents silica, when a=10, b=5 to 60, c=0.1 to 8.0, d=0.1 to 4.0, e=0.1 to 5.0, f=1.3 to 5.0, x=0 to 5, y=0 to 5, z=0 to 2, h=10 to 200 and g is the atomic ratio of oxygen required to satisfy the valence of each ...

METHOD FOR AMMOXIDATION OF PARAFFINS AND CATALYST SYSTEM THEREFOR

CSL-P-1376B Ammoxidation of C3 to C5 acyclic alkanes with NH3 and O2 using (1) a mole ratio of alkane:NH3 in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkane:O2 in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst compositions, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated nitrile. Catalytic compositions useful in the process are disclosed. 6-MAY-87 ...

OLEFIN SELECTIVE FT CATALYST COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION THEREOF

The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst comprising in its unreduced form a) Fe as catalytically active metal, b) an alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal in an alkali metal- and/or alkaline-earth metal-containing promoter, the alkali metal, c) and a further promoter comprising, or consisting of, one or more element(s) selected from the group of boron, germanium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium and tellurium, to a process for the synthesis of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst, to a hydrocarbon synthesis process which is operated in the present of such a catalyst and to the use of such a catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis process.

Катализатор переработки этан-этиленовой фракции нефтезаводских газов

Изобретение относится к катализаторам, используемым для глубокой переработки нефтезаводских газов (НЗГ), и может быть использовано в нефте- и газоперерабатывающей промышленности. Описано применение многокомпонентной оксидной композиции общей формулы MoVTeNb(Se+М)О, где: М – элемент из группы, включающей Bi, Mn, Ge, Ga и Nd, х = 0,0002-0,25, предпочтительно 0,0005-0,15, n – количество атомов кислорода, требуемых для соблюдения электронейтральности, в качестве катализатора для переработки этан-этиленовой фракции в этилен в процессе реакции окислительного дегидрирования. Технический результат заключается в получении этилена путем переработки этан-этиленовой фракции нефтезаводских газов с выходом не ниже 70%. 1 табл., 9 пр.

ТВЕРДЫЙ КИСЛОТНЫЙ КАТАЛИЗАТОР И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

... 1. Каталитическая композиция, содержащая а) кислородное соединение элемента, выбранного из группы IVB или группы IVA Периодической системы элементов; b) кислородное соединение элемента, выбранного из группы VIB или группы VIA Периодической системы элементов; и с) не менее примерно 1 мас.% частиц коллоидального диоксида кремния по отношению к общей массе катализатора. 2. Каталитическая композиция по п.1, в которой коллоидальный диоксид кремния составляет не менее примерно 5 мас.% общей массы катализатора. 3. Каталитическая композиция по п.1, дополнительно включающая соединение алюминия. 4. Каталитическая композиция по п.3, в которой соединением алюминия является оксид алюминия. 5. Каталитическая композиция по п.1, дополнительно включающая металл группы VIII. 6. Каталитическая композиция по п.5, в которой металл группы VIII выбран из платины и палладия. 7. Каталитическая композиция по п.1, в которой элементом группы IVB является олово. 8. Каталитическая композиция по п.1, в которой элемент ...

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF DIALCOXYBUTENES

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de préparation de dialcoxybutènes. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un procédé de préparation de dialcoxybutènes à partir du butadiène -1,3 et d'un alcool, en présence d'un catalyseur caractérisé en ce que le catalyseur et un solide comprenant au moins un premier composant choisi parmi les metaux nobles du groupe VIII de la classification périodique des éléments et au moins un second composant choisi parmi le tellure, le sélénium et le soufre, disposes sur un support et en ce que la réaction est conduite en présence d'oxygène. Le catalyseur peut comprendre en outre au moins un composant additionnel choisi parmi le bismuth, l'antimoine, le cuivre et l'étain.

Mo und V enthaltende Multimetalloxidmassen

Multimetalloxidmasse der allgemeinen Formel I Aa[Mo5-b-cVbXcOd]1 (I),mit A = wenigstens eines der Elemente aus der Gruppe umfassend NH4, Na, K, Rb, Cs und Tl; X = eines oder mehrere der Elemente aus der Gruppe umfassend La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, B, Al, Ga, In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se und Te; a = 0,1 bis 1; b = 0,25 bis 4,5; und c = 0 bis 4,5, mit der Maßgabe, dass b + c 4,5, deren Röntgendiffraktogramm das nachfolgende Röntgenbeugungsmuster RM, wiedergegeben in Gestalt von von der Wellenlänge der verwendeten Röntgenstrahlung unabhängigen Netzebenenabständen d [Å], d [Å] 3,06 ± 0,2...

촉매의 제조 방법, 및 불포화 니트릴의 제조 방법

... 본 발명은, 프로판의 기상 접촉 암모산화 반응에 이용하는 촉매의 제조 방법으로서, 원료를 용해 또는 분산시켜 원료 조합액을 얻는 조합 공정과, 상기 원료 조합액을 건조하여 건조체를 얻는 제1 건조 공정과, 상기 건조체를 소성하여 소정의 조성을 갖는 복합 산화물을 얻는 소성 공정과, 상기 복합 산화물을 텅스텐, 몰리브덴, 텔루륨, 니오븀, 바나듐, 붕소, 비스무트, 망간, 철, 안티몬, 인, 희토류 원소로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 특정 원소를 포함하는 용액에 함침시켜 함침 후의 복합 산화물을 얻는 함침 공정과, 상기 함침 후의 복합 산화물을 건조시키는 제2 건조 공정을 갖고, 상기 함침 공정 및 상기 제2 건조 공정 중 적어도 어느 한쪽은 특정한 교반 동력으로 교반하면서 상기 복합 산화물 또는 상기 함침 후의 복합 산화물을 함침 또는 건조시키는 공정인 촉매의 제조 방법을 제공한다.

Hydrothermally synthesized MO-V-M-NB-X oxide catalysts for the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons

Hydrothermally synthesized catalysts comprising a mixed metal oxide are utilized to produce unsaturated carboxylic acids by the vapor phase oxidation of an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, in the presence thereof; or to produce unsaturated nitriles by the vapor phase oxidation of an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, and ammonia in the presence thereof.

Palladium-containing catalyst, method for producing same, and method for producing ,-unsaturated carboxylic acid

Disclosed is a palladium-containing catalyst which enables to produce an ,-unsaturated carboxylic acid in high selectivity from an olefin or an ,-unsaturated aldehyde. Also disclosed are a method for producing such a catalyst and a method for producing an ,-unsaturated carboxylic acid using such a catalyst. Specifically disclosed is a palladium-containing catalyst containing 0.001 to 0.25 mole of antimony element to 1 mole of palladium element or a palladium-containing catalyst containing palladium element which composes a metal, tellurium element, and bismuth element.

Improvements in or relating to solid catalysts for the decomposition of concentratedhydrogen peroxide

A catalyst for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide comprises a substantially inert carrier material formed in situ by the exothermic reaction between lead and one of more of the elements sulphur, selenium and tellurium, in an intimate mixture containing the active catalytic substance for the said decomposition, or material giving rise to such substance under the heat of the exothermic reaction. Catalysts specified are metallic silver, cobalt oxide, chromates and, preferably, a mixture of potassium permanganate and lead monoxide. Small amounts up to 1 per cent of a refractory fibrous mineral such as asbestos may be mixed with the ingredients before ignition to give a hard pellet when heated.

Photocatalyst

Olefin selective FT catalyst composition and preparation thereof

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF DIALCOXYBUTENES

Catalysts of oxychloration containing ternary molybdenum chalcogénures

La présente invention concerne des chalcogénures de formule Mx Mo6 Ch8 dans laquelle M désigne un métal, Ch désigne le soufre, le selenium ou le tellure et x est compris entre 0 et 4. Ces chalcogénures sont utiles comme catalyseur d'oxychloration.

Ternary molybdenum chalcogenide materials deposited on support - are prepd. as catalysts for oxy-chloration of hydrocarbon cpds., by reducing mixt. of molybdenum an metal using hydrogen@

La présente invention concerne des chalcogénures de formule Mx Mo6 Ch8 dans laquelle M désigne un métal, Ch désigne le soufre, le selenium ou le tellure et x est compris entre 0 et 4. Ces chalcogénures sont utiles comme catalyseur d'oxychloration.

A process for preparing a catalyst and catalytic oxidation therewith

Catalyst for the preparation of carboxylic esters and method for producing carboxylic esters

It is an object of the present invention to provide a catalyst for manufacturing a carboxylic ester, which has superior catalytic activity. The present invention relates to a catalyst for preparing a carboxylic ester, used in a) a reaction for preparing a carboxylic ester by reacting oxygen, an aldehyde, and an alcohol, or b) a reaction for manufacturing a carboxylic ester by reacting oxygen and one or more types of alcohol, comprising a carrier and 1) ultrafine gold particles and/or 2) ultrafine metal particles containing gold and a second element other than gold, having an average particle diameter of not more than 6 nm, are supported on the carrier.

A process for preparing a catalyst and catalytic oxidation therewith

A process useful for the catalytic gas phase oxidation of alkanes to unsaturated aldehydes or carboxylic acids uses catalysts of particular compositions formed in a particular manner.

Catalyst for production of acetic acid or acetic acid and ethyl acetate, processfor its production and process for production of acetic acid or acetic acid and ethyl acetate using it

SOLID ACID CATALYST AND METHOD OF USING SAME

A catalyst composition includes an oxygen compound of an element selected from Group IVB or Group IVA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; an oxygen compound of an element selected from Group VIB or Group VIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and at least about 1% by weight based upon total catalyst weight of fumed silica particles. The catalyst composition is advantageously employed in hydrocarbon conversion processes such as isomerization.

MULTIMETAL OXIDE MATERIALS PROVIDED IN A PURE I PHASE AND CONTAINING MO, V, AND ALKALI METAL

Disclosed are multimetal oxide materials containing Mo, V, and one or several optional elements from the group comprising lanthanides, transition elements of the periodic table, and elements from main group three to six of the periodic table. Said multimetal oxide materials are produced in the presence of an alkali metal other than Li and are provided with an i-phase structure. Also disclosed is the use of the inventive multimetal oxide materials as an active material in catalysts for partial gas phase oxidations.

Method for producing catalyst, and method for producing unsaturated nitrile

The present invention provides a method for producing a catalyst to be used for a gas-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane, the method comprising a preparation step of dissolving or dispersing a raw material to thereby obtain a prepared raw material liquid, a first drying step of drying the prepared raw material liquid to thereby obtain a dried material, a calcination step of calcining the dried material to thereby obtain a composite oxide having a predetermined composition, an impregnation step of impregnating the composite oxide with a solution containing at least one specific element selected from the group consisting of tungsten, molybdenum, tellurium, niobium, vanadium, boron, bismuth, manganese, iron, antimony, phosphorus and rare earth elements to thereby obtain an impregnated composite oxide, and a second drying step of drying the impregnated composite oxide, wherein at least one of the impregnation step o and the second drying step is a step of impregnating the composite ...

Process of conversion catalytic of hydrocarbon hydrocarbons not ramified or little ramified having a carbonaceous chain ramified or more strongly ramified respectively

Method for ammoxidation of paraffins and catalyst system therefor

Ammoxidation of C3 to C5 acyclic alkanes with NH3 and O2 using (1) a mole ratio of alkane:NH3 in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkane:O2 in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst compositions, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated nitrile. Catalytic compositions useful in the process are disclosed.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF SUPPORTED CATALYST FOR ACETIC ACID PRODUCTION

SOLIDE ACID CATALYST AND METHOD OF USING SAME

olefin selective FT catalyst composition and preparation thereof

Catalyst for production of acetic acid or acetic acid and ethyl acetate, process for its production and process for production of acetic acid or acetic acid and ethyl acetate using it

An acetic acid production catalyst that contains (b) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 14 elements, Group 15 elements and Group 16 elements of the Periodic Table and/or (c) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 6 elements, Group 7 elements, Group 8 elements, Group 9 elements, Group 10 elements, Group 11 elements and Group 12 elements of the Periodic Table, added to a palladium-loaded catalyst, as well as an acetic acid and ethyl acetate production catalyst that contains (b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids and salts thereof and/or (c) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 14 elements, Group 15 elements and Group 16 elements of the Periodic Table and/or (d) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 6 elements, Group 7 elements, Group 8 elements, Group 9 elements, Group 10 elements, Group 11 elements and Group 12 elements of the Periodic Table ...

Process for preparing a catalyst for the preparation of a carboxylic anhydride

In accordance with the process of this invention, an improved catalyst for molecular oxidation of a hydrocarbon to form the corresponding carboxylic anhydrides is prepared by the steps of (a) forming a catalyst precursor by depositing on titanium dioxide solids in the anatase form at least a monolayer amount of at least one source of vanadium oxide, (b) calcining the thus-formed catalyst precursor under conditions sufficient to convert the vanadium oxide source into the oxide form, (c) depositing upon the calcined catalyst precursor a catalytically effective amount of at least one vanadium oxide source which is convertible into vanadium oxide upon heating and at least one metal oxide source selected from the group consisting of oxides of Sb, Ga, Ge, In, Tl, Pb, Se, Te, P and Bi, which is convertible into the corresponding metal oxide upon heating and which is reactive with V2 O5, and (d) calcining the vanadium and reactive metal containing catalyst solids under conditions sufficient to ...

Method for adhering powder catalyst

PREPARATION OF DIALKOXYBUTENES

Dialkoxybutenes are selectively prepared in high yields by reacting 1,3-butadiene with an alcohol in the presence of oxygen and a catalytically effective amount of solid particulates which comprise a catalytically active phase deposited onto particles of a support therefor, such catalytically active phase comprising at least one Group VIII noble metal first component, at least one tellurium, selenium and/or sulfur second component, and, optionally, at least one bismuth, antimony, copper and/or tin third component.

Annealed and promoted catalyst

A mixed metal oxide, which may be an orthorhombic phase material, is improved as a catalyst for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acids, or unsaturated nitrites, from alkanes, or mixtures of alkanes and alkenes, by: contacting with a liquid contact member selected from the group consisting of organic acids, alcohols, inorganic acids and hydrogen peroxide to form a contact mixture; recovering insoluble material from the contact mixture; calcining the recovered insoluble material in a non-oxidizing atmosphere; admixing the calcined recovered insoluble material with (i) at least one promoter element or compound thereof and (ii) at least one solvent for the at least one promoter element or compound thereof; removing the at least one solvent to form a catalyst precursor; and calcining the catalyst precursor.

Mo- and V-containing multimetal oxide materials

Multimetal oxide materials which contain Mo and V and, if required, one or more of the elements from the group consisting of lanthanides, transition elements of the Periodic Table of the Elements and elements of the third to sixth main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements and which are prepared in the presence of an alkali metal other than Li and have the i-phase structure are used as active material in catalysts for partial gas-phase oxidations.

Verfahren zur Ammoxidation von Paraffinen und Katalysatorzusammensetzung dafür.

PHOTOCATALYST COMPOSITION AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF

Cathode catalyst for fuel cell, method of preparing same, and membrane-electrode assembly and fuel cell comprising same

A cathode catalyst for a fuel cell includes an Ru-Se alloy having an average particle size of less than or equal to 6 nm. The Ru-Se alloy is amorphous catalyst. A membrane electrode assembly and a fuel cell system include the cathode catalyst. A catalyst for a fuel cell is prepared by drying a ruthenium solution including a water-soluble ruthenium precursor to obtain a first dried product; subjecting the first dried product to a first heat-treatment to obtain a heat-treated product; adding an Se solution including a water-soluble Se precursor to the heat-treated product to obtain a mixture; drying the mixture to obtain a second dried product including ruthenium and Se; and subjecting the second dried product to second heat-treatment.

Method for ammoxidation of paraffins and catalyst system therefor

Eu<3+> and Se co-doping TiO2/GO material and application thereof to photocatalysis

FACILITATED CO2 TRANSPORT MEMBRANE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, RESIN COMPOSITION TO BE USED IN METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, CO2 SEPARATION MODULE, CO2 SEPARATION METHOD AND CO2 SEPARATION DEVICE

Provided is a facilitated CO2 transport membrane that has improved CO2 permeance and improved CO2-selective permeability. The facilitated CO2 transport membrane is provided with a membrane having separation function, said membrane comprising a CO2 carrier and a CO2 hydration reaction catalyst that are contained in a hydrophilic polymer gel membrane, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is a copolymer containing a first structural unit derived from cesium acrylate or rubidium acrylate and a second structural unit derived from vinyl alcohol. More preferably, the CO2 hydration reaction catalyst exhibits a catalytic activity at a temperature of 100°C or higher.

CATALYST FOR CARBOXYLIC ESTER PRODUCTION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CARBOXYLIC ESTER

A carboxylic ester production catalyst which has higher catalytic activity. The catalyst, which is used for producing a carboxylic ester by reacting oxygen, an aldehyde, and an alcohol or (b) by reacting oxygen with one or more alcohols, comprises a support and deposited thereon (1) ultrafine gold particles having an average particle diameter of 6 nm or smaller and/or (2) metal particles comprising gold and a second element other than gold and having an average particle diameter of 6 nm or smaller.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CYCLICISED COMPOUNDS FROM ORGANIC ACIDS HAVING FROM 4 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS

The present invention relates to a method for producing cyclicised compounds, and more specifically lactone compounds and heterocyclic compounds comprising oxygen, in high yield, with long-term stability and with high selectivity depending on the metal content of a selective hydrogenation catalyst, by using the catalyst to carry out a hydrogenation reaction on an organic acid, an organic-acid ester or a mixture of an organic acid and organic acid ester having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms.

PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CATALYSER, AND, FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN ALDEHYDE OR ACID CARBOXÍLICO INSATURADO

Ammonoxidation von Paraffinen und dafür geeigneter Katalysator.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CYCLICISED COMPOUNDS FROM ORGANIC ACIDS HAVING FROM 4 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS

The present invention relates to a method for producing a cyclic compound that has high selectivity, high yield, and stability over a long period of time depending on a metal content ratio of a catalyst, specifically a lactone compound or a heterocyclic compound including oxygen, which includes hydrogenating an organic acid, organic acid ester, or a mixture of the organic acid and organic acid ester, which are having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, by using a selective hydrogenated catalyst.

SOLIDE ACID CATALYST AND METHOD OF USING SAME

A catalyst composition includes an oxygen compound of an element selected from Group IVB or Group IVA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; an oxygen compound of an element selected from Group VIB or Group VIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and at least about 1% by weight based upon total catalyst weight of fumed silica particles. The catalyst composition is advantageously employed in hydrocarbon conversion processes such as isomerization. © KIPO & WIPO 2007 ...

MESOPOROUS MATERIALS AND PROCESSES FOR PREPARATION THEREOF

A process for preparing a mesoporous material, e.g., transition metal oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride, Lanthanide metal oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride, a post-transition metal oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride and metalloid oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride. The process comprises providing an acidic mixture comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic or lyotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the acidic mixture at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to form the mesoporous material. A mesoporous material prepared by the above process. A method of controlling nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in mesoporous materials. The method comprises providing an acidic mixture comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic or lyotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the acidic mixture at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to control nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity ...

Oxychlorination catalysts containing molybdenum ternary chalcogenide

Chalcogenides of formula MxMo6Ch8 in which M denotes a metal, Ch denotes sulphur, selenium or tellurium and x is between 0 and 4. These chalcogenides are useful as oxychlorination catalyst.

Catalisador, e, processos para a produção do mesmo, para a produção de um ácido carboxìlico insaturado e para a produção de uma nitrila insaturada

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CYCLICISED COMPOUNDS FROM ORGANIC ACIDS HAVING FROM 4 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS

The present invention relates to a method for producing cyclicised compounds, and more specifically lactone compounds and heterocyclic compounds comprising oxygen, in high yield, with long-term stability and with high selectivity depending on the metal content of a selective hydrogenation catalyst, by using the catalyst to carry out a hydrogenation reaction on an organic acid, an organic-acid ester or a mixture of an organic acid and organic acid ester having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms.

Palladium-containing catalyst and method for producing same

The present invention provides: a palladium-containing catalyst which is used for highly selectively or highly productively producing an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde and an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde; a method for producing the catalyst; and a method for highly selectively or highly productively producing an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde and an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, the present invention resides in a palladium-containing catalyst comprising 0.001 to 0.40 mole of tellurium metal to 1.0 mole of palladium metal. This catalyst can be preferably produced by a method having a step of reducing a compound containing palladium atom in its oxidized state and tellurium atom in its oxidized state by a reducing ...

Process for production of supported catalyst for acetic acid production

A process for production of a supported catalyst that, when used for production of lower aliphatic carboxylic acids from oxygen and lower olefins, improves yields of the lower aliphatic carboxylic acids and minimizes production of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) by-product compared to the prior art. A compound comprising at least one element selected from elements of Groups 8, 9 and 10 of the Periodic Table, at least one chloride of an element selected from copper, silver and zinc, and a chloroauric acid salt, are loaded on a carrier, after which there are further loaded a compound comprising at least one element selected from gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, sulfur, selenium, tellurium and polonium, and a heteropoly acid.

TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIAL HYBRID FILM COMPRISING TRANSITION METAL CHALCOGENIDE AND REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

The present invention provides a two-dimensional material hybrid film comprising a transition metal chalcogenide and reduced graphene oxide. The two-dimensional material hybrid film comprises: a transparent electrode; and a multilayered film formed by sequentially laminating a reduced graphene oxide film, one or more 2H-phase transition metal chalcogenide films, and a 1T-phase transition metal chalcogenide film on the transparent electrode. According to the two-dimensional material hybrid film comprising a transition metal chalcogenide and reduced graphene oxide and a method for manufacturing the same of the present invention, a bond is formed between one or more of the transition metal chalcogenides in the film and, subsequently, a band structure capable of easy flow of electrons and holes is formed. The two-dimensional material hybrid film can react to light and provide higher efficiency in a PEC cell. In addition, since two TMDs materials having different band gaps are manufactured in ...

Production and use of supported catalysts

Catalyst

A mixed metal oxide, which may be an orthorhombic phase material, is improved as a catalyst for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acids, or unsaturated nitrites, from alkanes, or mixtures of alkanes and alkenes, by contact with a liquid contacting member selected from the group consisting of organic acids, alcohols, inorganic acids and hydrogen peroxide.

KATALYSATOR FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON ESSIGSÄURE ODER ESSIGSÄURE UND ETHYLACETAT, VERFAHREN FÜR SEINE HERSTELLUNG UND VERFAHREN FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON ESSIGSÄURE ODER ESSIGSÄURE UND ETHYLACETAT UNTER VERWENDUNG DERSELBEN

Method for producing catalyst and method for producing unsaturated nitrile

CATALYST FOR PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID OR ACETIC ACID AND ETHYL ACETATE, PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID OR ACETIC ACID AND ETHYL ACETATE USING IT

L'invention a trait à un catalyseur utile pour la production d'acide acétique, qui contient (b) au moins un élément sélectionné dans le groupe constitué par les éléments des groupes 14, 15 et 16 de la classification périodique des éléments et/ou (c) au moins un élément sélectionné dans le groupe constitué par les éléments des groupes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 et 12 de la classification périodique des éléments, ajouté(s) à un catalyseur chargé de palladium ; et à un catalyseur utile pour la production d'acide acétique et d'acétate d'éthyle, qui contient (b) au moins un composé sélectionné dans le groupe constitué par des acides inorganiques et leurs sels et/ou (c) au moins un élément sélectionné dans le groupe constitué par les éléments des groupes 14, 15 et 16 de la classification périodique des éléments et/ou (d) au moins un élément sélectionné dans le groupe constitué par les éléments des groupes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 et 12 de la classification périodique des éléments, ajouté(s) à du palladium.

CATALYST FOR SYNTHESIZING ACRYLONITRILE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ACRYLONITRILE

A catalyst for synthesizing acrylonitrile that enables acrylonitrile to be synthesized at high yield, and a process for producing acrylonitrile using that catalyst, are provided. A catalyst for synthesizing acrylonitrile is used having a composition represented by FeaSbbCcDdTeeFfXxYyZzOg(SiO2)h. In the formula, component C represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni and Co, component D from the group consisting of Mo, W and V, component F from the group consisting of P and B, component X from the group consisting of Sn, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Cr, Ru, Pd, Ag, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, As, Bi, La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm, component Y from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Zn and Pb, and component Z from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs, and SiO2 represents silica, when a=10, b=5 to 60, c=0.1 to 8.0, d=0.1 to 4.0, e=0.1 to 5.0, f=1.3 to 5.0, x=0 to 5, y=0 to 5, z=0 to 2, h=10 to 200 and g is the atomic ratio of oxygen required to satisfy the valence of each ...

Solid acid catalyst and method of using same

Recalcined catalyst

METHOD FOR PREPARING A HETERO CYCLIZED COMPOUND WITH HIGH SELECTIVITY AND YIELD ACCORDING TO METAL CONTENT RATIO

PURPOSE: A method for preparing hetero cyclic compound containing a lactone compound and oxygen is provided to ensure high productivity at low pressure. CONSTITUTION: A cyclized compound is prepared by directly reducing organic acid of 4-6 carbon atoms, organic acid ester, or a mixture thereof under the presence of a copper catalyst. The cyclized compound is a hetero cyclic compound containing a lactone compound or oxygen. The organic acid is levulinic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, aspartic acid, adipic acid, or glucaric acid. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2011 ...

OLEFIN SELECTIVE FT CATALYST COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION THEREOF

The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst comprising in its unreduced form a) Fe as catalytically active metal, b) an alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal in an alkali metal- and/or alkaline-earth metal-containing promoter, the alkali metal, c) and a further promoter comprising, or consisting of, one or more element(s) selected from the group of boron, germanium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium and tellurium, to a process for the synthesis of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst, to a hydrocarbon synthesis process which is operated in the present of such a catalyst and to the use of such a catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis process.

Catalyst system for ammoxidation of paraffins

Ammoxidation of C3 to C5 acyclic alkanes with NH3 and O2 using (1) a mole ratio of alkane:NH3 in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkano:O2 in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst composition, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated nitrile. Catalytic compositions useful in the process are disclosed.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SILICA-SUPPORTED CATALYST, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID OR UNSATURATED NITRILE

Disclosed is a silica-supported catalyst having excellent wear resistance, by which an object product can be obtained with excellent yield. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a silica-supported catalyst which contains Mo, V, Nb and component X (that is Sb and/or Te), and is used in a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane. The method for producing a silica-supported catalyst comprises: (I) a step wherein Mo, V, Nb, component X, a silica sol and water are mixed, thereby preparing a starting material blended solution; (II) a step wherein the starting material blended solution is dried, thereby obtaining a dried powder; and (III) a step wherein the dried powder is tired, thereby obtaining a silica-supported catalyst. In the method for producing a silica-supported catalyst, the silica sol contains 10-270 ppm by weight of nitrate ions relative to SiO2.

Catalyst for hydrogen generation reaction containing copper promoter

Preparation of cyclic compounds from C4-C6 organic acid

Mesoporous materials and processes for preparation thereof

A process for preparing a mesoporous material, e.g., transition metal oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride, Lanthanide metal oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride, a post-transition metal oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride, and metalloid oxide, sulfide, selenide or telluride. The process comprises providing a micellar solution comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic or lyotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the micellar solution at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to form the mesoporous material. A mesoporous material prepared by the above process. A method of controlling nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in mesoporous materials. The method comprises providing a micellar solution comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic or lyotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the micellar solution at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to control nano-sized wall crystallinity ...

Single crystalline phase catalyst

An orthorhombic phase mixed metal oxide is produced selectively in quantitative yield.

Method for Producing Silica-Supported Catalyst, and Method for Producing Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid or Unsaturated Nitrile

To produce a silica-supported catalyst having an excellent yield of a target product and excellent catalyst attrition resistance. A method for producing a silica-supported catalyst comprising Mo, V, Nb, and a component X (Sb and/or Te) to be used in a vapor phase catalytic oxidation or ammoxidation of propane, comprising the steps of: (I) preparing a raw material mixture solution by mixing Mo, V, Nb, component X, a silica sol, and water; (II) obtaining a dry powder by drying the raw material mixture solution; and (III) obtaining a silica-supported catalyst by calcining the dry powder, wherein the silica sol contains 10 to 270 wt ppm of nitrate ions based on SiO2.

Multi-metal oxides, useful as catalysts for gas phase oxidation or ammoxidation, contain molybdenum and vanadium along with other elements and have an i-phase structure

Multi-metal oxides containing molybdenum and vanadium also contain lanthanides, transition elements and/or Group 3-6 elements and have an X-ray diffraction pattern with lattice spacings (d(A)) as follows: 3.06 +/- 0.2; 3.17 +/- 0.2; 3.28 +/- 0.2; 3.28 +/- 0.2; 3.99 +/- 0.2; 9.82 +/- 0.4; 11.24 +/- 0.4; and 13.28 +/- 0.5. Multi-metal oxides containing molybdenum and vanadium also contain other metals and have an X-ray diffraction pattern with lattice spacings (d(A)) as follows: 3.06 +/- 0.2; 3.17 +/- 0.2; 3.28 +/- 0.2; 3.28 +/- 0.2; 3.99 +/- 0.2; 9.82 +/- 0.4; 11.24 +/- 0.4; and 13.28 +/- 0.5, the oxides being of formula (I); Aa(Mo5-b-cVbXcOd)1 (I); A = NH4, Na, K, Rb, Cs and/or Tl; X = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, B, Al, Ga, In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se and/or Te; a = 0-1-1; b = 0.25-4.5; and c = 0-4.5, with the proviso that (b + c) at most 4.5. An ...

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dialkoxybutenen.

Semiconductor photocatalyst for the photocatalytic reforming of biomass derivatives for hydrogen generation, and preparation and use thereof

Disclosed are a semiconductor photocatalyst for the photocatalytic reforming of biomass derivatives for hydrogen generation, and preparation and use thereof. The semiconductor photocatalyst has the atomic composition ratio of M˜N-Ax; wherein M˜N are IIB group elements to VIA group elements, or IIIA group elements to VA group elements, A being one element or more than two elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, copper, chromium, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium and silver; and 0.02%≦x≦1.0%. The method of in-situ preparation of the highly effective semiconductor photocatalyst and catalytically reforming biomass derivatives for hydrogen generation by driving photoreaction with visible light via quantum dots is simple, fast, highly effective, inexpensive and practical. The in situ reaction can occur in sunlight without the need of harsh conditions such as calcination.

Process for producing olefin oxide

A process for producing an olefin oxide which comprises reacting an olefin with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a copper oxide and a tellurium oxide.

DIRECT CONVERSION OF OLEFIN TO OLEFIN OXIDE BY MOLECULAR OXYGEN

The present invention relates to a direct conversion of olefin to olefin oxide, which are important and versatile intermediates used in the production of a large variety of valuable consumer products such as polyurethane foams, polymers, alkylene glycol, cosmetics, food emulsifiers and as fumigants and insecticides. More specifically, the present invention provides a process for producing an olefin oxide which comprises reacting an olefin with oxygen in the presence of a halogen compound additive and a catalyst comprising copper, ruthenium or both thereof.

PHOTOCATALYST FOR WATER SPLITTING COMPRISING GALLIUM SELENIDE AND PHOTOELECTRODE FOR WATER SPLITTING COMPRISING THE SAME

Provided are a photocatalyst having higher activity for hydrogen production through water splitting and a photoelectrode comprising the photocatalyst. The photocatalyst for water splitting of the present invention comprises a Ga selenide, an Ag—Ga selenide, or both thereof. 1. A photocatalyst for water splitting , comprising a Ga selenide , an Ag—Ga selenide , or both thereof.2. The photocatalyst for water splitting as claimed in claim 1 , comprising both a Ga selenide and an Ag—Ga selenide.3. The photocatalyst for water splitting as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said Ga selenide is selected from the group consisting of GaSe claim 1 , GaSeand a combination thereof.4. The photocatalyst for water splitting as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said Ga selenide is GaSe.5. The photocatalyst for water splitting as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said Ag—Ga selenide is selected from the group consisting of AgGaSe claim 1 , AgGaSeand a combination thereof.6. The photocatalyst for water splitting as claimed in claim 5 , wherein said Ag—Ga selenide is AgGaSe.7. The photocatalyst for water splitting as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said photocatalyst further comprises at least one of Rh and Pt supported thereon.8. A photoelectrode for water splitting claim 1 , comprising a substrate claim 1 , an electrically conductive layer formed on said substrate claim 1 , and a photocatalyst layer formed on said electrically conductive layer and consisting of the photocatalyst for water splitting claimed . The present invention relates to a photocatalyst for water splitting, more specifically, a photocatalyst for water splitting using energy such as sunlight to produce hydrogen, and a photoelectrode for water splitting comprising the same.Hydrogen has been attracting attention as a clean fuel, because its combustion does not generate carbon dioxide. However, industrial production of hydrogen has depended on fossil fuels, and therefore carbon dioxide is emitted in the production process of hydrogen. ...

STEAM RE-CALCINATION OF MIXED METAL OXIDE CATALYSTS

A process for producing a catalyst for the (amm)oxidation of alkanes comprises calcination of a crystalline mixed metal oxide catalyst partially or wholly in the presence of steam. 2. The process of further comprising: (c) grinding the re-calcined mixed metal oxide catalyst.3. The process of wherein the water vapor comprises from 0.01 to 100 volume percent claim 1 , based on the total volume of gas in the atmosphere.4. The process of wherein the water vapor comprises from 0.5 to 10 volume percent claim 1 , based on the total volume of gas in the atmosphere.5. The process of wherein the water vapor comprises from 1 to 3.5 volume percent claim 1 , based on the total volume of gas in the atmosphere.6. The process of wherein Z is Pd.7. The process of wherein X is Te.8. The process of wherein calcining the first catalyst is done in 2 stages claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the first stage claim 1 , the first catalyst is calcined in an inert or oxidizing environment at a temperature of from 100° C. to 400° C. claim 1 , for from 15 minutes to 40 hours claim 1 , and in a second stage the material from the first stage is calcined in a non-oxidizing environment at a temperature of from 400° C. to 650° C. for 0.1 to 25 hours.9. A process for the (amm)oxidation of alkanes claim 1 , the process comprising (amm)oxidizing an alkane in the presence of a final catalyst of .10. The process of wherein the calcined MMO solid first catalyst has an X-ray diffraction pattern showing the orthorhombic phase as the major crystal phase with main peaks with 2θ at 6.7° claim 1 , 7.8° claim 1 , 22.1° claim 1 , and 27.2°12. The process of wherein Z is Pd and X is Te.13. The process of wherein Z is Pd and X is Te. This application claims priority from provisional application Ser. No. 61/467,418, filed Mar. 25, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The present invention relates to mixed metal oxide (amm)oxidation catalysts.Mixed metal oxide (MMO) catalysts are well known for ...

Isomerization of light alpha-olefins to light internal olefins

The present invention relates to a process for isomerizing linear alpha-olefins having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms over a heterogeneous catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a hydrogenation metal and a selectivity promoter selected from among selenium and tellurium on a support, and also a process for preparing 1-olefins by a metathesis reaction of 2-olefins with ethene, wherein the 2-olefins are prepared by the above mentioned isomerization process.

Improved Methods and Systems for Photo-Activated Hydrogen Generation

Systems and methods for providing alternative fuel, in particular hydrogen photocatalytically generated by a system comprising photoactive nanoparticles and a nitrogenase cofactor are provided. In one aspect, the system includes a water soluble cadmium selenide nanoparticle (CdSe) surface capped with mercaptosuccinate (CdSe-MSA) and a NafY.FeMo-co complex comprising a NafY protein and an iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMo-co), wherein the CdSe-MSA and NafY.FeMo-co complex are present in about 1:2 to 1:10 molar ratio. 1. A system for photocatalytically producing hydrogen gas , comprising:a water soluble cadmium selenide nanoparticle (CdSe) surface capped with mercaptosuccinate (CdSe-MSA); anda NafY.FeMo-co complex comprising a NafY protein and an iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMo-co);wherein the CdSe-MSA and NafY.FeMo-co complex are present in about 1:2 to 1:10 molar ratio.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the CdSe-MSA and the NafY.FeMo-co complex are present in about 1:2 claim 1 , 1:3 claim 1 , 1:4 or 1:5 molar ratio.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising sodium dithionite for providing protons and electrons.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the dithionite salt is provided at a concentration of about 2 mM to 1 M claim 3 , or about 2-100 mM claim 3 , or about 2-10 mM.5. The system of claim 3 , further comprising an additional proton source such as ascorbic acid claim 3 , acetic acid claim 3 , citric acid claim 3 , and carbon dioxide.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is capable of photocatalytically producing hydrogen gas for an extended period of about 5-90 days claim 1 , 10-72 days or 39-72 days.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is kept under anaerobic conditions.8Azotobacter vinelandii.. The system of claim 1 , wherein the NafY protein is derived from9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the FeMo-co is derived from a molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein.10Azotobacter vinelandii.. The system of claim 9 , wherein the MoFe protein is derived from11. A ...

CONTROLLED PRESSURE HYDROTHERMAL TREATMENT OF ODH CATALYST

The preparation of an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst comprising Mo, V, Nb and Te using a hydrothermal step the activity and reproducibility of the catalyst is improved by conduction the hydrothermal step at higher pressures while permitting gaseous products to leave the reactor. In some instances a condenser may be upstream of the pressure relief valve. 1. A process for synthesis of a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffins via a hydrothermal treatment comprising:i) preparing an aqueous slurry comprising Mo, V, Nb and Te salts in a molar ratio of metal elements 1:0.3 to 3; 0.05 to 0.25; and 0.08 to 0.2 at a temperature from 25° C. to 80° C.;ii) heating slurry in a reactor to a temperature from 80° to 220° C. at a pressure equal or above the saturated water vapor pressure at the corresponding reaction temperature, for a period of time not less than 1 hour with agitation and simultaneous removal of gaseous byproduct species produced during the reaction.iii) letting the reactor cool and depressurizing the reactor and recovering the catalyst as a solid.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the reactor is from 150° C.-185° C.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the pressure in the reactor is from 10 psi to 190 psi (960 kPa to 1300 kPa).4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein there is a condenser upstream of a pressure control device.5. The process according to 4 claim 1 , wherein the condenser is operated at a temperature above 0° C. and below reaction temperature.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the gaseous species are removed by being vented from the reactor through the pressure control device.71. The process according claim 1 , wherein the gaseous species are removed from the reactor using one or more methods selected from gas absorption claim 1 , gas adsorption claim 1 , membrane separation claim 1 , and chemicals transformation.8. The process according to wherein the time of hydrothermal ...

PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS FROM NATURAL RESOURCES

The method disclosed herein relates to two stage catalytic processes for converting syngas to acetic acid, acrylic acid and/or propylene. More specifically, the method described and claimed herein relate to a method of producing acrylic acid and acetic acid comprising the steps of: a) providing a feedstream comprising syngas; b) contacting the feedstream with a first catalyst to produce a first product stream comprising C-Colefins and/or C-Cparaffins; and c) contacting the first product stream with oxygen gas and a second catalyst, thereby producing a second product stream comprising acrylic acid and acetic acid, wherein there is no step for separating the components of the first product stream before the first product stream is contacted with the second catalyst. 1. A method of producing acrylic acid and acetic acid comprising the steps of:a) providing a feedstream comprising syngas;{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3, 'b) a step consisting of contacting the feedstream with a first catalyst to produce a first product stream comprising C-Colefins and/or C-Cparaffins; and'}c) contacting the first product stream with oxygen gas and a second catalyst, thereby producing a second product stream comprising acrylic acid and acetic acid,wherein there is no step for separating the components of the first product stream before the first product stream is contacted with the second catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises separating the acetic acid and the acrylic acid.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst comprises a mixed metal oxide represented by the formula{'br': None, 'sub': a2', 'b2', 'z2', 'y2', 'd2', 'f2, 'CoMnLaPM2O,'}wherein a2 is 1;wherein b2 is from 0.8 to 1.2;wherein z2 is greater than 0 to 0.5;wherein y2 is greater than 0 to 0.5;wherein M2 comprises an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or transition metal, or a mixture thereof,wherein d2 is greater than 0 to 0.5; andwherein f2 is a number determined by the valence ...

CATALYST FOR ALKANE OXIDATIVE UU DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process for preparing a shaped catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation, which comprises: a) preparing a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium; b) mixing the catalyst obtained in step a), a binder and optionally water, wherein the binder has a surface area greater than 100 m/g and a water loss upon heating at a temperature of 485° C. which is greater than 1 wt. %; c) shaping the mixture obtained in step b) to form a shaped catalyst by means of tableting; and d) subjecting the shaped catalyst obtained in step c) to an elevated temperature. Further, the invention relates to a catalyst obtainable by said process and to a process of alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation wherein said catalyst is used. 1. A process for preparing a shaped catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation , the process comprising:a) preparing a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium;b) mixing the catalyst obtained in step a), a binder and optionally water, wherein the binder has a surface area greater than 100 m2/g and a water loss upon heating at a temperature of 485° C. greater than 1 wt. %, wherein said water loss is represented by the difference between the binder weight after heating the binder at a temperature of 110° C. and the binder weight after heating the binder at a temperature of 485° C., relative to the binder weight after heating the binder at a temperature of 110° C.;c) shaping the mixture obtained in step b) to form a shaped catalyst by means of tableting; andd) subjecting the shaped catalyst obtained in step c) to an elevated temperature.2. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the water loss of the binder is at least 2 wt. %.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the surface area of the binder is of from 150 to 500 m2/g.4. The process according to claim 1 , ...

CATALYST FOR ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process for treating a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation, which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, wherein the process comprises: contacting, during a period of time from 30 minutes to shorter than 5 hours, the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (O), wherein the amount of oxygen is of from to less than 10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), based on the total volume of the gas mixture, at an elevated temperature. 1. A process for treating a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation , which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum , vanadium and niobium , wherein the process comprises:{'sub': '2', 'contacting, during a period of time from 30 minutes to shorter than 5 hours, the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (O), wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 1 to less than 10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), based on the total volume of the gas mixture, at an elevated temperature.'}2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 300 to 900° C.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 10 to 7 claim 1 ,000 parts per million by volume.4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst additionally contains tellurium.5. A process for preparing a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation claim 1 , which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum claim 1 , vanadium and niobium claim 1 , wherein the process comprises:a) preparing a catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium;{'sub': '2', 'b) contacting the catalyst with oxygen (O) at an elevated temperature, to obtain a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium; and'}{'sub': '2', 'c) contacting, during a period of time from 30 minutes to shorter than 5 ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYCARBONATES BY TRANSESTERIFYING DITHIOCARBONATES OR SELENIUM ANALOGUES THEREOF WITH BISPHENOLS

The present invention relates to a process for preparing aromatic polycarbonates, comprising the step of reacting bisphenols with dithiocarbonates or selenium analogues thereof in the presence of a catalyst. It further relates to the use of dithiocarbonates or selenium analogues thereof as transesterifying reagents for the preparation of polycarbonates. 1. A process for preparing polycarbonates , comprising reacting bisphenols with a transesterifying reagent in the presence of a catalyst , wherein the transesterifying reagent comprises a compound of the general formula (I):{'br': None, 'R—X—C(O)—X′—R′\u2003\u2003(I)'}whereinX and X′ are each independently S or Se, andR and R′ are each independently alkyl or aryl orR and R′ together are an alkylene chain.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein X and X′ in the general formula (I) are S.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compounds R—X—H and R′—X′—H formed during the reaction are removed continuously.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is conducted for a first period of time at a first temperature and a first pressure and then for a second period of time at a second temperature and a second pressure claim 1 , and wherein the second temperature is greater than the first temperature and the second pressure is lower than the first pressure.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the first temperature is 150° C. to 210° C. and the second temperature is 210° C. to 400° C.6. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the first pressure is 200 mbar to 900 mbar and the second pressure is 1 mbar to 200 mbar.7. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the reaction conducted for the second period of time at the second temperature and the second pressure is conducted in an evaporating extruder claim 4 , a disc reactor or an evaporating calender.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein R and R′ in the general formula (I) are methyl claim 1 , ethyl or phenyl.9. The process ...

AGGLOMERATED ODH CATALYST

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts for converting lower paraffins to alkenes such as ethane to ethylene when prepared as an agglomeration, for example extruded with supports chosen from slurries of TiO, ZrOAlO, AlO(OH) and mixtures thereof have a lower temperature at which 25% conversion is obtained. 1. An agglomerated catalyst comprising:from 10 to 95 weight % of a catalyst of the formula:{'sub': 1.0', '0.12-0.49', '0.6-0.16', '0.15-0.20', 'd', '2', '2', '2', '3', '2, 'MoVTeNbOwherein d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide; and from 5-90 weight % of a binder chosen from acidic, basic or neutral binder slurries of TiO, ZrOAlO, AlO(OH) and mixtures thereof provided that ZrOis not used in combination with an aluminum containing binder.'}2. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 1 , having a cumulative surface area less than 35 m/g as measured by BET.3. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 2 , having a cumulative pore volume from 0.05 to 0.50 cm/g.4. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 2 , having a pore size distribution less than 4% having pore width size less than 150 Angstroms.5. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 2 , having a percent pore area distribution less than 40% and corresponding percentage of pore volume less than 20%.6. The agglomerated catalyst according to in the shape of a sphere claim 2 , rod claim 2 , ring claim 2 , or a saddle having a size from about 1.3 mm to 5 mm.7. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 6 , wherein the binder is an acidified binder.8. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 6 , wherein the binder is a base treated binder.9. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 7 , in the shape of rods having an aspect ratio from 1 to 5/1.3 having a crush strength up to 100 N/mm.10. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 8 , in the shape of rods having an aspect ratio from 1 to 5/1.3 having a crush strength up to 100 N/mm.11. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 7 , in ...

OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION CATALYSTS

Provided in this disclosure are oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts that include a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula: 1. An oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.12-0.49', '0.05-0.17', '0.10-0.20', 'd, 'MoVTeNbO'} d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide, and', 'the oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst is characterized by having XRD diffraction peaks (2θ degrees) at 22±0.2, 27±0.2, 28.0±0.2, and 28.3±0.1., 'wherein2. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is prepared by a process comprising wet ball milling a pretreated oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst having the empirical formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.12-0.49', '0.05-0.17', '0.10-0.20', 'd, 'MoVTeNbO'}wherein d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide.3. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 27±0.2 to the peak at 22±0.2 is 0.55:1 to 0.65:1.4. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 27±0.2 to the peak at 22±0.2 is about 0.60:1.5. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 28.3±0.1 to the peak at 27±0.2 is 0.50:1 to 0.80:1.6. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 28.3±0.1 to the peak at 27±0.2 is 0.60:1 to 0.70:1.7. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 28.3±0.1 to the peak at 27±0.2 is about 0.65:1.8. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 28.0±0.2 to the peak at 28.2±0.1 is 0.8:1 to 1.1:1.9. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 28.0±0.2 to the peak at 28.2±0.1 is 0.9:1 to 1:1.10. The oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the aspect ratio of the peak at 28.2±0.1 to the peak at 28.4 ...

CONVERSION OF MIXED METHANE/ETHANE STREAMS

The invention relates to a process for conversion of a stream comprising methane and ethane, comprising converting ethane from a stream comprising methane and ethane, in which stream the volume ratio of methane to ethane is of from 0.005:1 to 100:1, to a product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere, resulting in a stream comprising methane and the product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere; separating the product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere from the stream comprising methane and the product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere, resulting in a stream comprising methane; and chemically converting methane from the stream comprising methane, or feeding methane from the stream comprising methane to a network that provides methane as energy source, or liquefying methane from the stream comprising methane. 1. A process for conversion of a stream comprising methane and ethane , comprisingconverting ethane from a stream comprising methane and ethane, in which stream the volume ratio of methane to ethane is of from 0.005:1 to 100:1, preferably of from 0.2:1 to 100:1, more preferably of from 0.5:1 to 100:1, to a product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere, resulting in a stream comprising methane and the product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere;separating the product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere from the stream comprising methane and the product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere, resulting in a stream comprising methane; andchemically converting methane from the stream comprising methane or feeding methane from the stream comprising methane to a network that provides methane as energy source, or liquefying methane from the stream comprising methane.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein when converting ethane to the product having a vapor pressure at 0° C. lower than 1 atmosphere claim ...

CATALYST FOR CONVERSION OF PROPYLENE TO PRODUCT COMPRISING A CARBOXYLIC ACID MOIETY

In accordance with the invention, there is provided a novel catalyst composition comprising MoVGaPdNbXY, wherein X comprises La, Te, Ge, Zn, In, or W; and Y comprises Al or Si; wherein Mo, V, Ga, Pd, Nb, La, Te, Ge, Zn, In, W, Al, or Si are optionally present in combination with oxygen; wherein the catalyst does not comprise an additional element that acts as a catalyst in the conversion of a propylene to the product. Also, disclosed is a method for the conversion of a propylene to a carboxylic acid moiety by contacting the propylene with the disclosed catalyst. 1. A catalyst for the conversion of a propylene to a product comprising a carboxylic acid moiety , wherein the catalyst comprises:{'br': None, 'MoVGaPdNbXY,'} X comprises La, Te, Ge, Zn, In, or W; and', 'Y comprises Al or Si;, 'wherein'} 'one or more of Mo, V, Ga, Pd, Nb, La, Te, Ge, Zn, In, W, Al, and/or Si are optionally present in combination with oxygen;', 'wherein'}wherein the catalyst does not comprise an additional element that acts as a catalyst in the conversion of the propylene to the product.2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the product does not comprise substantially any acrolein.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the product does not comprise any acrolein.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the additional element is a metal.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the additional element comprises Sb or Cs claim 1 , or a combination thereof.6. A catalyst for the conversion of a propylene to a product comprising a carboxylic acid moiety claim 1 , wherein the catalyst consists essentially of:{'br': None, 'MoVGaPdNbXY,'} X comprises La, Te, Ge, Zn, In, or W; and', 'Y comprises Al or Si;, 'wherein'} 'Mo, V, Ga, Pd, Nb, La, Te, Ge, Zn, In, W, Al, and/or Si are optionally present in combination with oxygen.', 'wherein'}7. The catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the catalyst is present on a support.8. The catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the catalyst comprises:{'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', ' ...

OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts comprising MoVNbTeO having improved consistency of composition and a 25% conversion of ethylene at less than 420° C. and a selectivity to ethylene above 95% are prepared by treating the catalyst precursor with HOin an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL HOof a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor prior to calcining. 1. A method to improve the consistency of an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of the empirical formula (measured by PIXE);{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.22-0.33', '0.10-0.16', '0.15-0.19', 'd, 'MoVTeNbO'}where d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'comprising treating a precursor prior to calcining with HOin an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL HOof a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the precursor is prepared by a method comprising:i) forming an aqueous solution of ammonium heptamolybdate (tetrahydrate) and telluric acid at a temperature from 30° C. to 85° C. and adjusting the pH of the solution to 6.5 to 8.5 with a nitrogen containing base to form soluble salts of the metals;ii) preparing a aqueous solution of vanadyl sulphate at a temperature from room temperature to 80° C.;iii) mixing the solutions from steps i) and ii) together;{'sub': 2', '4', '3, 'iv) slowly adding a solution of niobium monoxide oxalate (NbO(COH)) to the solution of step iii) to form a slurry;'}v) heating the resulting slurry in an autoclave under an inert atmosphere at a temperature from 150° C. to 190° C. for not less than 10 hours.3. The method according to claim 2 , the resulting solid from step v) is filtered and washed with deionized water claim 2 , and drying the washed solid for a time from 4 to 10 hours at a temperature from 70 to 100° C.4. The method according to claim 3 , further comprising calcining the catalyst in an inert atmosphere at a temperature from 200° C. to 600° C. for a time from 1 to 20 hours.5. The method according to claim 4 ...

Mechanically strong catalyst and catalyst carrier, its preparation, and its use

The invention concerns catalyst or a catalyst carrier comprising 35 to 99.9 wt % of metal oxide and 0.1 to 50 wt % of silanized silica particles, calculated on the total weight of the catalyst or catalyst carrier. The invention further relates to a process to prepare the catalyst or catalyst carrier. The invention also relates to the use of the catalyst, or a catalyst comprising the catalyst carrier, in a catalytic reaction.

SELENIUM-CONTAINING HYDROPROCESSING CATALYST, ITS USE, AND METHOD OF PREPARATION

A hydroprocessing catalyst composition that comprises a support material and a selenium component and which support material further includes at least one hydrogenation metal component. The hydroprocessing catalyst is prepared by incorporating a selenium component into a support particle and, after calcination thereof, incorporating at least one hydrogenation metal component into the selenium-containing support. The metal-incorporated, selenium-containing support is calcined to provide the hydroprocessing catalyst composition. 1. A hydroprocessing catalyst , comprising: a support particle comprising an inorganic refractory oxide and a selenium component , wherein said support particle further has incorporated therein at least one hydrogenation metal component.2. A hydroprocessing catalyst as recited in claim 1 , wherein the concentration of said selenium component in said support particle is in the range upwardly to 3 weight percent based on the dry weight of said inorganic refractory oxide and calculated based on said selenium component as the element.3. A hydroprocessing catalyst as recited in claim 1 , wherein said selenium component is an underbedded selenium component.4. A hydroprocessing catalyst as recited in claim 1 , wherein said at least one hydrogenation metal component includes a Group VIII metal component of either a nickel component or a cobalt component and a Group VI metal component of either a molybdenum component or a tungsten component claim 1 , and wherein the concentration of said Group VIII metal component in said hydroprocessing catalyst is in the range of from 0.5 wt. % to 9 wt. % based on the total weight of said hydroprocessing catalyst and calculated based on the Group VIII metal component as an oxide claim 1 , and wherein the concentration of said Group VI metal component in said hydroprocessing catalyst is in the range of from 5 wt. % to 25 wt. % based on the total weight of said hydroprocessing catalyst and calculated based on the Group ...

SUPPORTED CATALYST FOR PRODUCTION OF UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS FROM ALKANES

The present disclosures and inventions relate to a supported catalyst composition for the catalytic oxidation of a hydrocarbon such as propane with oxygen or air, in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a support material and a mixed metal composition comprising metals in the molar ratios described by the formula MoVGaPdNbZ, wherein the support material is neutral or oxidative. 1. A catalyst composition comprising a support material and a mixed metal composition comprising metals in the molar ratios described by the formula{'br': None, 'i': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f,, 'MoVGaPdNbZ'}wherein a is 1,wherein b is from 0.01 to 0.9,wherein c is from than 0 to 0.2,wherein d is from 0.0000001 to 0.2,wherein e is greater than 0 to 0.2,wherein Z comprises La, Te, Ge, Zn, Si, In, or W, or a mixture thereof, andwherein f is greater than 0 to 0.5,wherein the support material is neutral or oxidative.2. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the support material comprises AlO claim 1 , SiO claim 1 , CeO claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , or ZrO claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.3. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the support material comprises CeO.4. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the support material comprises acetate-SiO claim 1 , low surface area TiO claim 1 , high surface area TiO claim 1 , acetate-AlO claim 1 , acetate-ZrO claim 1 , or actetate-CeO claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.5. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the support material is oxidative.6. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the support material is neutral.7. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the support material is a microporous or mesoporous support material.8. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composition has a particle diameter size from 20 μm to 500 μm.9. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein Z comprises Te.10. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composition is stable to at least 600° C. ...

High Productivity Catalyst for Alkane Oxidation to Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids and Alkenes

The present disclosures and inventions relate to composite catalyst compositions for the catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons such as propane with an oxygen containing stream, in the presence of a composite catalyst comprising CA that comprises at least components a metal M, a support S, and an optional alkali metal A, and also CB that comprises one or more mixed metal oxide phases comprising metals in the relative molar ratios indicated by the formula Mo a V b Ga c Pd d Nb e X f , to produce α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid and/or olefins such as propylene.

Inherently safe odh operation

In the operation of an oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) process, it is desirable to remove oxygen in the product stream for a number of reasons, including to reduce oxidation of the product. This may be achieved by having several pre-reactors upstream of the main reactor having a catalyst system containing labile oxygen. The feed passes through one or more reactors saturated with labile oxygen. When the labile oxygen is consumed through a valve system, the pre-reactor accepts product from the main reactor and complexes reactive oxygen in the product stream until the catalyst system is saturated with labile oxygen. Then the reactor becomes a pre-reactor and another pre-reactor becomes a scavenger.

Production of products from natural resources

The method disclosed herein relates to two stage catalytic processes for converting syngas to acetic acid, acrylic acid and/or propylene. More specifically, the method described and claimed herein relate to a method of producing acrylic acid and acetic acid comprising the steps of: a) providing a feedstream comprising syngas; b) contacting the feedstream with a first catalyst to produce a first product stream comprising C 2 -C 3 olefins and/or C 2 -C 3 paraffins; and c) contacting the first product stream with oxygen gas and a second catalyst, thereby producing a second product stream comprising acrylic acid and acetic acid, wherein there is no step for separating the components of the first product stream before the first product stream is contacted with the second catalyst.

PHOTO-CATALYTIC SYSTEMS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

A system and method for splitting water to produce hydrogen and oxygen employing sunlight energy are disclosed. Hydrogen and oxygen may then be stored for later use as fuels. The system and method use inorganic capping agents that cap the surface of semiconductor nanocrystals to form photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals, which may be deposited on a substrate and treated to form a photoactive material. The photoactive material may be employed in the system to harvest sunlight and produce energy necessary for water splitting. The system may also include elements necessary to collect, transfer and store hydrogen and oxygen, for subsequent transformation into electrical energy. 1. A method for producing photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals , comprisingreacting a semiconductor nanocrystals precursor and an organic solvent to produce organic capped semiconductor nanocrystals; dissolving the inorganic capping agent in a first solvent to produce a first solution;', 'dissolving the organic capped nanocrystals in a second solvent to produce a second solution;', 'combining the first solution and the second solution in a single vessel;', 'reacting the first solution with the second solution, whereby a portion of the organic capping agent is displaced by inorganic capping agent;', 'continuing reacting until the combination reaches equilibrium;, 'substituting an inorganic capping agent for the organic capping agent, including'}allowing the combination to stabilize; andprecipitating photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals from the combination.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is a stabilizing organic ligand.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is trioctylphosphine oxide.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is one of a long-chain aliphatic amines claim 1 , long-chain aliphatic phosphines claim 1 , long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids claim 1 , long-chain aliphatic phosphonic acids and mixtures thereof.5. ...

PHOTOCATALYST FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

A method and composition for making photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals include semiconductor nanocrystals and inorganic capping agents as photocatalysts. The photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals may be deposited on a substrate and treated to form a photoactive material that may be used in a plurality of photocatalytic energy conversion applications such as water splitting. By combining different semiconductor materials for photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals employed and by changing the semiconductor nanocrystals shapes and sizes, band gaps can be tuned to expand the range of wavelengths of sunlight usable by the photoactive material. The disclosed photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals within the photoactive material may also exhibit a higher efficiency of solar energy conversion process derived from a higher surface area of the semiconductor nanocrystals within photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals available for the absorption of sunlight and enhancement of charge carrier dynamics. 1. A photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystal , comprisinga first semiconductor nanocrystal, formed as a carbon nanotube;a second semiconductor nanocrystals, including graphene foliates deposited on the first nanocrystal;a first inorganic capping agent overlying at least a portion of the first nanocrystal;a second inorganic capping agent overlying at least a portion of the second nanocrystal.2. The photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystal of claim 1 , wherein the first inorganic capping agent is TiO.3. The photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystal of claim 1 , wherein the first inorganic capping agent is ReiO.4. A photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystal claim 1 , comprisinga plurality of first and second semiconductor nanocrystals, formed as a nanorod, first semiconductor nanocrystal nanorod regions alternating with second semiconductor nanocrystal nanorod regions;a first inorganic capping agent overlying at least a portion of the ...

Catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes

This document relates to oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts that include molybdenum, vanadium, and oxygen.

Low pressure gas release hydrothermal and peroxide treatment of odh catalyst

The preparation of an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst comprising Mo, V, Nb and Te using a hydrothermal step. In some embodiments, the activity and reproducibility of the catalyst is improved by conducting the hydrothermal step while permitting gaseous products to leave the reactor. In some instances a condenser may be upstream of the outlet of the reactor.

Oxidation catalyst preparation

A method for producing a catalyst by contacting a starting mixed metal oxide catalyst with an aqueous solution comprising oxalic acid and a metal oxide precursor to form a post-treated mixed metal oxide catalyst.

SILICA-SUPPORTED CATALYST

A silica-supported catalyst used when producing a corresponding unsaturated nitrile in a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, the catalyst including a metal oxide represented by the following formula (1), 1. A silica-supported catalyst used when producing a corresponding unsaturated nitrile in a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane , the catalyst comprising a metal oxide represented by the following formula (I) ,{'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'n, 'MoVNbXTZO\u2003\u2003(1)'}(wherein X represents at least one or more elements selected from Sb and Te; T represents at least one or more elements selected from Ti, W, Mn, and Bi; Z represents at least one or more elements selected from La, Ce, Yb, and Y; and a, b, c, d, and e are in a range of 0.05≦a≦0.5, 0.01≦b≦0.5, 0.001≦c≦0.5, 0≦d≦1, and 0≦e≦1, respectively, and n represents a value that satisfies an atomic valence){'sup': 3', '2, 'wherein the silica-supported catalyst has an average pore size of 60 to 120 nm, a total pore volume of 0.15 cm/g or more, a specific surface area of 5 to 25 m/g, and a crystallite size of 40 to 250 nm as determined from half width of a (001) peak by X-ray diffraction.'}2. The silica-supported catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a pore volume of pores having a pore size of less than 60 nm based on total pore volume is less than 30% claim 1 , and a pore volume of pores having a pore size exceeding 120 nm based on total pore volume is less than 30%.3. The silica-supported catalyst according to or claim 1 , wherein a support amount of the silica is 20 to 70% by mass based on total mass of the catalyst composed of the metal oxide and the silica.4. A method for producing a silica-supported catalyst claim 1 , comprising the steps of:(I) preparing a raw material-prepared solution containing Mo, V, Nb, X, T, and Z, wherein an atomic ratio a of V to one Mo atom is 0.05≦a≦0.5, an atomic ratio b of Nb to one Mo atom is 0.01≦b ...

CATALYST FOR ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process for treating a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation, which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, wherein the process comprises: contacting the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (02), wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 10 to less than 10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), based on the total volume of the gas mixture, at an elevated temperature. 1. A process for treating a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation , which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum , vanadium and niobium , wherein the process comprises:contacting the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (O2), wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 10 to less than 10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), based on the total volume of the gas mixture, at an elevated temperature.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 300 to 900° C.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 100 to 9 claim 1 ,500 parts per million by volume.4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst additionally contains tellurium.5. A process for preparing a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation claim 1 , which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum claim 1 , vanadium and niobium claim 1 , wherein the process comprises:a) preparing a catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium;b) contacting the catalyst with oxygen (O2) at an elevated temperature, to obtain a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium; andc) contacting the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (O2), wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 10 to less than 10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), based on the total volume of the gas mixture, at an ...

Method for producing catalyst, and method for producing unsaturated nitrile

The present invention provides a method for producing a catalyst to be used for a gas-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane, the method comprising a preparation step of dissolving or dispersing a raw material to thereby obtain a prepared raw material liquid, a first drying step of drying the prepared raw material liquid to thereby obtain a dried material, a calcination step of calcining the dried material to thereby obtain a composite oxide having a predetermined composition, an impregnation step of impregnating the composite oxide with a solution containing at least one specific element selected from the group consisting of tungsten, molybdenum, tellurium, niobium, vanadium, boron, bismuth, manganese, iron, antimony, phosphorus and rare earth elements to thereby obtain an impregnated composite oxide, and a second drying step of drying the impregnated composite oxide, wherein at least one of the impregnation step o and the second drying step is a step of impregnating the composite oxide or drying the impregnated composite oxide while stirring by a specific stirring power.

NANOSTRUCTURED PHOTOCATALYSTS AND DOPED WIDE-BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTORS

Photocatalysts for reduction of carbon dioxide and water are provided that can be tuned to produce certain reaction products, including hydrogen, alcohol, aldehyde, and/or hydrocarbon products. These photocatalysts can form artificial photosystems and can be incorporated into devices that reduce carbon dioxide and water for production of various fuels. Doped wide-bandgap semiconductor nanotubes are provided along with synthesis methods. A variety of optical, electronic and magnetic dopants (substitutional and interstitial, energetically shallow and deep) are incorporated into hollow nanotubes, ranging from a few dopants to heavily-doped semiconductors. The resulting wide-bandgap nanotubes, with desired electronic (p- or n-doped), optical (ultraviolet bandgap to infrared absorption in co-doped nanotubes), and magnetic (from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic) properties, can be used in photovoltaics, display technologies, photocatalysis, and spintronic applications. 1. A composition comprising uniformly doped wide-bandgap semiconductor nanotubes.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the uniformly doped wide-bandgap semiconductor nanotubes lack secondary phase diffraction peaks when subjected to energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the dopant is anionic.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the dopant is cationic.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanotubes are mono-doped.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanotubes are co-doped.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanotubes comprise titanium dioxide.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanotubes comprise tungsten oxide.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanotubes are n-type doped wide-bandgap semiconductor nanotubes.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanotubes are p-type doped wide-bandgap semiconductor nanotubes.11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanotubes are doped with one of copper claim 1 , copper-nitrogen claim 1 ...

AGGLOMERATED ODH CATALYST

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts for converting lower paraffins to alkenes such as ethane to ethylene when prepared as an agglomeration, for example extruded with supports comprising slurries of NbO. 127-. (canceled)28. An agglomerated catalyst , wherein the agglomerated catalyst is prepared from at least: [{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.12-0.49', '0.6-0.16', '0.15-0.20', 'd, 'MoVTeNbO'}, 'wherein d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide; and, '10 wt. % to 95 wt. % of a catalyst active phase of the formula{'sub': 2', '5, '5 wt. % to 90 wt. % of NbOhydrate.'}29. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 28 , further comprising up to 80 wt. % of a non-antagonistic binder.30. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 29 , wherein the non-antagonistic binder is chosen from oxides of aluminum claim 29 , titanium claim 29 , and zirconium.31. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 30 , wherein the non-antagonistic binder is present in the amount of 35 wt. % to 65 wt. % based on the weight of the agglomerated catalyst and the agglomerated catalyst has a surface area up to 250 m/g.32. The agglomerated catalyst according to 30 claim 30 , wherein the oxide of aluminum is Boehmite (Al(O)OH).33. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 30 , wherein the non-antagonistic binder is an oxide of titanium.34. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 30 , wherein the non-antagonistic binder is an oxide of zirconium.35. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 28 , having a cumulative surface area less than 10 m/g as measured by BET and comprising less than 35 wt % of a non-antagonistic binder.36. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 35 , having a cumulative pore volume from 0.020 to 0.20 cm/g.37. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 35 , having a pore size distribution less than 40% and having a pore width size less than 200 Angstroms.38. The agglomerated catalyst according to claim 35 , having a percent pore area distribution less than ...

Artificial Photosynthetic System Using Photocatalyst

A photosynthetic system for splitting water to produce hydrogen and using the produced hydrogen for the reduction of carbon dioxide into methane is disclosed. The disclosed photosynthetic system employs photoactive materials that include photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals within their composition, in order to harvest sunlight and obtain the energy necessary for water splitting and subsequent carbon dioxide reduction processes. The photosynthetic system may also include elements necessary to transfer water produced in the carbon dioxide reduction process, for subsequent use in water splitting process. The systems may also include elements necessary to store oxygen and collect and transfer methane, for subsequent transformation of methane into energy.

ELECTROCATALYSTS COMPRISING TRANSITION METALS AND CHALCOGEN FOR OXYGEN EVOLUTION REACTIONS (OER) AND MANUFACTURING THEREOF

The present description relates to metal alloy electrocatalysts, preferably composed of Ni and Co as transition metals and Se as a chalcogen. The electrocatalysts can take the form of nanochalcogenides that can be made using cryogenic milling followed by surfactant-assistant milling. The electrocatalysts can be used in the context of water electrolysis or electroreduction of COgas into carbon based products. 1. A process for producing a nanochalcogenide for use in electrocatalysis , comprising:subjecting at least two transition metals and at least one chalcogen to cryogenic milling to produce an alloyed chalcogenide material;subjecting the alloyed chalcogenide material to surfactant-assisted milling to produce a slurry comprising a nanochalcogenide; andseparating the nanochalcogenide from the slurry.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cryogenic milling comprises cryogenic ball milling.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the cryogenic milling comprises linear vibrational milling performed at speeds of 25 Hz to 35 Hz.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the cryogenic ball milling is performed at a ball-to-powder ratio (BPR) of 8:1 to 12:1 on a mass basis.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alloyed chalcogenide material produced by cryogenic milling comprises particles having an average size above 1000 nm claim 1 , measured using DLS or SEM.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alloyed chalcogenide material produced by cryogenic milling comprises MME and/or (MM)E claim 1 , wherein Mis a first transition metal claim 1 , Mis a second transition metal and E is a chalcogen claim 1 , and is a single phase.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant-assisted milling comprises surfactant-assisted ball milling performed in the presence of at least one surfactant and a solvent.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the solvent comprises an alcohol and the least one surfactant comprises diphenylphosphoryl acid (DPPA) claim 7 , or oleic acid claim 7 , or CRAB ...

TREATMENT OF A MIXED METAL OXIDE CATALYST CONTAINING MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM, NIOBIUM AND OPTIONALLY TELLURIUM

The invention relates to a process for treatment of a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium, comprising contacting a gas stream comprising methane, an inert gas or oxygen or any combination of two or more of these with the catalyst, wherein said gas stream comprises 0 to 25 vol. % of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. 1. A process for treatment of a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum , vanadium , niobium and optionally tellurium , comprising contacting a gas stream comprising methane , an inert gas or oxygen or any combination of two or more of these with the catalyst , wherein said gas stream comprises 0 to 25 vol. % of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 200 to 500° C.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the temperature is of from 250 to 500° C.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure is of from 0.1 to 15 bara. preferably of from 1 to 5 bara.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a fresh catalyst.6. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the fresh catalyst is intended to be used as a catalyst in the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a used catalyst.8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the used catalyst has been used as a catalyst in the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. The present invention relates to a process for treatment of a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb) and optionally tellurium (Te).Mixed metal oxide catalysts containing molybdenum, vanadium, ...

ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, comprising contacting a first gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium; followed by contacting a second gas stream comprising methane, an inert gas or oxygen or any combination of two or more of these with the catalyst, wherein the second gas stream comprises 0 to 25 vol. % of the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. 1. A process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms , comprisingcontacting a first gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium; followed bycontacting a second gas stream comprising methane, an inert gas or oxygen or any combination of two or more of these with the catalyst, wherein the second gas stream comprises 0 to 25 vol. % of the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature during the entire process is of from 300 to 500° C.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the temperature is of from 310 to 450° C.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure during the entire process is of from 0.1 to 15 bara.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and wherein said alkane is ethane or propane.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is a ...

ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, comprising contacting a first gas stream comprising methane, an inert gas or oxygen or any combination of two or more of these, wherein the first gas stream comprises 0 to 2 vol. % of the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium; followed by contacting a second gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms with the catalyst. 1. A process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms , comprisingcontacting a first gas stream comprising methane, an inert gas or oxygen or any combination of two or more of these, wherein the first gas stream comprises 0 to 25 vol. % of the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium; followed bycontacting a second gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms with the catalyst.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature during the entire process is of from 200 to 500° C.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the temperature is of from 310 to 450° C.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure during the entire process is of from 0.1 to 15 bara.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst that is contacted with the first gas stream is a fresh catalyst or a used catalyst.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane ...

CONVERSION OF ALCOHOLS TO CARBOXYLIC ACIDS USING HETEROGENEOUS PALLADIUM-BASED CATALYSTS

Disclosed are methods for synthesizing an ester or a carboxylic acid from an organic alcohol. To form the ester one reacts, in the presence of oxygen gas, the alcohol with methanol or ethanol. This reaction occurs in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium and a co-catalyst comprising bismuth, tellurium, lead, cerium, titanium, zinc and/or niobium (most preferably at least bismuth and tellurium). Alternatively that catalyst can be used to generate an acid from that alcohol, when water is also added to the reaction mix. 1. A method for synthesizing an acid from an alcohol , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'exposing a compound of the formula R—CH—OH to oxygen gas and methanol-water mixture so as to yield a compound of the formula RCOOH;'}wherein said exposing is in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium, bismuth and tellurium;wherein R is an alkyl, cyclic, aryl, heterocyclic, arene, amine, ether, or ester, with or without sulfur or halogen content.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises an elemental carbon support in the form of charcoal or activated carbon.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein there is at least 0.1 mol percent palladium claim 1 , at least 0.01 mol percent bismuth claim 1 , and at least 0.01 mol percent tellurium in the catalyst.4. The method of claim 1 , in which the bismuth is present in a salt form and the tellurium is present in a metal form.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the bismuth salt is Bi(NO).5HO.6. A method for synthesizing an acid from an alcohol claim 4 , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'exposing a compound of the formula R—CH—OH to oxygen gas and water so as to yield a compound of the formula RCOOH;'}wherein said exposing is in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium and a co-catalyst comprising at least two of the following: bismuth, tellurium, lead, cerium, titanium, zinc and niobium;wherein R is an alkyl, cyclic, aryl, heterocyclic, arene, amine, ether, or ester, with or without sulfur or halogen ...

CONTROLLING CARBON DIOXIDE OUTPUT FROM AN ODH PROCESS

In some embodiments provided herein are processes for controlling carbon dioxide output levels coming from an oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) process. Carbon dioxide output from an ODH process includes that produced in the ODH reaction and carry over when carbon dioxide is used as an inert diluent. Under certain circumstances carbon dioxide can also be consumed in the ODH process by acting as an oxidizing agent. By varying the amount of steam introduced into the ODH process an operator may alter the degree to which carbon dioxide acts as an oxidizing agent. This in turn allows a level of control in the degree to which carbon dioxide is consumed in the process, effecting overall carbon dioxide output. Minimizing the carbon dioxide output provides an opportunity to limit or eliminate the requirement for release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 1. A method for controlling the carbon dioxide output from an oxidative dehydrogenation process comprising the steps of:i) introducing a gas mixture comprising a lower alkane and oxygen, and optionally one or more of steam and inert diluent, into at least one ODH reactor containing the same or different ODH catalysts, provided that if more than one ODH reactor is present then at least one of the ODH catalysts is capable of utilizing carbon dioxide as an oxidizing agent, under conditions to produce a product stream from at least one ODH reactor comprising corresponding alkene, and optionally one or more of unreacted lower alkane, unreacted oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, inert diluent, and acetic acid;ii) measuring carbon dioxide levels in one or more said product streams; and a. introducing steam, or increasing amount of steam introduced, into the at least one ODH reactor in an amount sufficient to decrease the carbon dioxide output levels when the measured carbon dioxide level is above a predetermined target carbon dioxide level;', 'b. decreasing the flow rate of steam introduced into the at least one ODH reactor ...

Catalyst Material for the Oxidation of Hydrocarbons

A catalyst material for the oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, in particular for the selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid, is specified, comprising a) molybdenum (Mo), b) vanadium (V), c) niobium (Nb), d) tellurium (Te), e) nickel (Ni), f) tungsten (W) and g) manganese (Mn), in which the molar ratio of at least one element, which is selected from nickel, tungsten and manganese, to molybdenum lies in the range 0.01 to 0.2, more preferably 0.05 to 0.15 and particularly preferably from 0.0025:1 to 0.3:1. Furthermore, a catalyst for the oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, a use of the catalyst material or of the catalyst, a method for producing a catalyst material for the oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons and a method for the selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid is specified. 2. Catalyst material according to claim 1 , in which the molar ratio of at least one element claim 1 , which is selected from vanadium claim 1 , niobium and tellurium claim 1 , to molybdenum lies in the range of from 0.15:1 to 0.3:1 or 0.17:1 to 0.27:1; and/or with an X-ray diffractogram which has diffraction reflexes h claim 1 , i claim 1 , k and l the peaks of which lie at the diffraction angles (2θ) 26.2±0.5 (h) claim 1 , 27.0±0.5 (i) claim 1 , 7.8±0.5 (k) and 28.0±0.5 (l); and/or{'sub': h', 'i', 'k', 'l', 'x (x=1 to 3), 'claim-text': [{'br': None, 'i': R', '=P', 'P', '+P, 'sub': 1', 'h', 'h', 'i, '/()>0.3, preferably >0.35 and particularly preferably >0.4; and/or'}, {'br': None, 'i': R', '=P', 'P', '+P, 'sub': 2', 'i', 'i', 'l, '/()>0.5, preferably >0.6 and particularly preferably >0.63; and/or'}, {'br': None, 'i': R', '=P', 'P', '+P, 'sub': 3', 'i', 'i', 'k, '/()<0.8, preferably <0.75, particularly preferably <0.7; and/or'}], 'in which the intensities P, P, P, Pof the diffraction reflexes h, i, k and l of the X-ray diffractogram satisfy the following equations, with Ras the intensity ratio defined by ...

FACILITATED CO2 TRANSPORT MEMBRANE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING CO2

Provided is a facilitated COtransport membrane having an improved COpermeance and an improved CO/Hselectivity. The facilitated COtransport membrane includes a separation-functional membrane that includes a hydrophilic polymer gel membrane containing a COcarrier and a COhydration catalyst. Further preferably, the COhydration catalyst at least has catalytic activity at a temperature of 100° C. or higher, has a melting point of 200° C. or higher, or is soluble in water. 1. A facilitated COtransport membrane comprising a separation-functional membrane that includes a hydrophilic polymer gel membrane containing a COcarrier and a COhydration catalyst.2. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the COhydration catalyst has catalytic activity at a temperature of 100° C. or higher.3. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the COhydration catalyst has a melting point of 200° C. or higher.4. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the COhydration catalyst is soluble in water.5. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the COhydration catalyst contains an oxo acid compound.6. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 5 , wherein the COhydration catalyst is an oxo acid compound of at least one element selected from group 6 elements claim 5 , group 14 elements claim 5 , group 15 elements and group 16 elements.7. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the COhydration catalyst contains at least one of a tellurous acid compound claim 1 , a selenious acid compound claim 1 , an arsenious acid compound and an orthosilicic acid compound.8. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the COhydration catalyst contains a molybdic acid compound.9. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the gel membrane is a hydrogel.10. The facilitated COtransport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein ...

Catalyst Compositions Including Metal Chalcogenides, Processes for Forming the Catalyst Compositions, and Uses Thereof

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to catalyst compositions including metal chalcogenides, processes for producing such catalyst compositions, processes for enhancing catalytic active sites in such catalyst compositions, and uses of such catalyst compositions in, e.g., processes for producing conversion products. In an aspect, a process for forming a catalyst composition is provided. The process includes introducing an electrolyte material and an amphiphile material to a metal chalcogenide to form the catalyst composition. In another aspect, a catalyst composition is provided. The catalyst composition includes a metal chalcogenide, an electrolyte material, and an amphiphile material. Devices for hydrogen evolution reaction are also provided. 1. A process for forming a catalyst composition , comprising introducing an electrolyte material and an amphiphile material to a metal chalcogenide to form the catalyst composition.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising introducing a voltage to the to the catalyst composition.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein a first amount of hydrogen atoms absorbed on the metal chalcogenide before introducing the electrolyte material and the amphiphile material is less than a second amount of hydrogen atoms absorbed on the metal chalcogenide after introducing the electrolyte material and the amphiphile material.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metal chalcogenide comprises a density of chalcogen atom vacancies from about 6% to about 30% claim 1 , as determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein:the electrolyte material comprises an acid; andthe amphiphile material comprises an anionic compound.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the acid has a pKa of about 3 or less as determined by potentiometric titration.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein:M is selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Nb, Ni, Fe, V, Cr, Mn, and combinations thereof; andE is selected from the group ...

OXIDATIVE ESTERIFICATION PROCESS

A process for producing methyl methacrylate, the process comprising contacting reactants comprising methacrolein, methanol and an oxygen-containing gas, under reaction conditions in the presence of a solid catalyst comprising palladium, bismuth and tellurium, wherein the solid catalyst further comprises a support selected from at least one member of the group consisting of silica, and alumina, with the proviso that the process produces less than 1 mole methyl formate per mole of methyl methacrylate. 1. A process for producing methyl methacrylate , the process comprising contacting reactants comprising methacrolein , methanol and an oxygen-containing gas , under reaction conditions in the presence of a solid catalyst comprising palladium , bismuth and tellurium , wherein the solid catalyst further comprises a support selected from at least one member of the group consisting of silica , and alumina , with the proviso that the process produces less than 1 mole methyl formate per mole of methyl methacrylate.2. The process of wherein the solid catalyst further comprises a support selected from at least one member of the group consisting of pyrogenic silica claim 1 , silica gel claim 1 , alpha alumina and gamma alumina.3. The process of wherein the process produces less than 0.8 mole methyl formate per mole of methyl methacrylate.4. The process of wherein the process produces less than 0.6 mole methyl formate per mole of methyl methacrylate.5. The process of wherein the process produces less than 0.4 mole methyl formate per mole of methyl methacrylate.6. The process of wherein the process produces less than 0.2 mole methyl formate per mole of methyl methacrylate.7. The process of wherein the support comprises pyrogenic silica.8. The process of the support comprises gamma alumina.9. The process of wherein the ratio of methanol to methacrolein is from 1:1 to 10:1 mole percent.10. The process of wherein the reacting is conducted in the presence of a polymerization inhibitor. ...

Method for Increasing Efficiency of Semiconductor Photocatalysts

A method and composition for producing a photoactive material including photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals (PCCN) and plasmonic nanoparticles are disclosed. The PCCN may include a semiconductor nanocrystal synthesis and an exchange of organic capping agents with inorganic capping agents. Additionally, the PCCN may be deposited between the plasmonic nanoparticles, and may act as photocatalysts for redox reactions. The photoactive material may be used in a plurality of photocatalytic energy conversion applications, such as water splitting and CO 2 reduction. By combining different semiconductor materials for PCCN and plasmonic nanoparticles, and by changing their shapes and sizes, band gaps may be tuned to expand the range of wavelengths of sunlight usable by the photoactive material. Higher light harvesting and energy conversion efficiency may be achieved.

CATALYST FOR ETHANE ODH

A catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane with an empirical formula Mo—V—Te—Nb—Pd—O produced using a process comprising impregnation of the Pd component on the surface of the catalyst following a calcination step using a Pd compound free of halogens. The resulting catalyst can be used in both diluted and undiluted ODH processes and shows higher than expected activity without any loss of selectivity. 1. An oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula{'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f, 'MoVTeNbPdO'} a, b, c, d, e, and f are the relative atomic amounts of the elements Mo, V, Te, Nb, Pd and O, respectively; and', 'when a=1, b=0.01 to 1.0, c=0.01 to 1.0, d=0.01 to 1.0, 0.001 Подробнее

CATALYST FOR ETHANE ODH

A catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane with an empirical formula Mo—V—Te—Nb—Pd—O produced using a process comprising impregnation of the Pd component on the surface of the catalyst following a calcination step using a Pd compound free of halogens. The resulting catalyst can be used in both diluted and undiluted ODH processes and shows higher than expected activity without any loss of selectivity. 1. A process for preparing an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula{'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f, 'MoVTeNbPdO'} a, b, c, d, e and f are the relative atomic amounts of the elements Mo, V, Te, Nb, Pd, and O, respectively; and', 'a is 1, b is from 0.01 to 1.0, c is from 0.01 to 1.0, d is from 0.01 to 0.1.0, e is from 0.0001 to less than 0.10, and f is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements;, 'wherein'} admixing compounds of elements Mo, V, Te, and Nb, in a solvent comprising water to produce a first mixture;', 'heating the first mixture in a first pressurized vessel at a temperature of from 100° C. to 200° C.;', 'recovering a first insoluble material from the first pressurized vessel;', 'subjecting the first recovered insoluble material to a calcining at a temperature of from 500° C. to 700° C. under an inert atmosphere to produce a calcined product;', {'sub': 3', '4', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2, 'contacting the calcined product with an aqueous solution comprising a Pd compound to form second mixture, wherein the aqueous solution comprising the Pd compound is prepared from a Pd compound chosen from [Pd(NH)](NO), Pd(HCO), Pd(CHCOO)an analogous Pd containing salt, or a combination thereof;'}, 'subjecting the second mixture to drying; and', 'recovering a second insoluble material from provide the catalyst, and', 'wherein the process excludes calcination after the impregnation of Pd., 'the process comprising2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture in the first ...

CATALYSTS FOR PETROCHEMICAL CATALYSIS

Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 1. A catalyst comprising a mixed oxide of magnesium and manganese , wherein the catalyst further comprises lithium and boron dopants and at least one doping element from groups 4 , 9 , 12 , 13 or combinations thereof , wherein the catalyst comprises a Cselectivity of greater than 50% and a methane conversion of greater than 20% when the catalyst is employed as a heterogeneous catalyst in the oxidative coupling of methane at a temperature of 750° C. or less.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a sodium dopant.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the at least one doping element is cobalt.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the at least one doping element is gallium.5. The catalyst of any of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises at least one additional doping element from group 2.6. The catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the at least one additional doping element is beryllium claim 5 , barium claim 5 , hafnium or aluminum.7. A catalyst comprising a mixed oxide of manganese and tungsten claim 5 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a sodium dopant and at least one doping element from groups 2 claim 5 , 16 or combinations thereof.8. The catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst comprises a Cselectivity of greater than 50% and a methane conversion of greater than 20% when the catalyst is employed as a heterogenous catalyst in the oxidative coupling of methane at a temperature of 750° C. or less.9. The catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the doping element is barium claim 7 , beryllium or tellurium.10. A catalyst comprising an oxide of a rare earth element claim 7 , wherein the catalyst further comprises at least one doping ...

CHALCOGENIDE GLASS-CERAMICS WITH PHOTOELECTRIC PROPERTIES AND METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF

Chalcogenide glass-ceramic having, for example, the following composition GeSe—SbSe—CuI, this glass-ceramic comprising at least one crystalline phase, characterised in that the crystallisation rate and the dimensions of the crystals in the crystalline phase are such that the crystals are substantially in contact with each other in such a way that this crystalline phase has an electrical conductivity greater than or equal to 10s·cmwhich increases under lighting due to the creation of charge carriers within the crystalline phase. 2. Glass-ceramic according to claim 1 , characterised in that the composition thereof is of the type GeSe—SbSe—CuI claim 1 , SnSe—SbSe—CuI claim 1 , PbSe—SbSe—CuI claim 1 , GeSe—AsSe—CuI claim 1 , GeSe—InSe—CuI claim 1 , GeSe—BiSe—CuI claim 1 , GeTe—SbSe—CuI claim 1 , GeSe—SbSe—CuCl or GeSe—SbSe—CuBr.413. Glass-ceramic according to claim 1 , characterised in that the composition thereof is free from one or a plurality of the following elements: Ga claim 1 , S claim 1 , Cs claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Cd claim 1 , Rb claim 1 , Na claim 1 , K claim 1 , and La.6. Glass-ceramic according to claim 1 , characterised in that the crystalline phase is p type claim 1 , n type or p and n type.7. Glass-ceramic according to claim 1 , characterised in that the crystallisation rate of the crystalline phase is greater than 50% claim 1 , preferably greater than 70% claim 1 , and more preferentially greater than or equal to 80% claim 1 , in volume.9. Method according to claim 8 , characterised in that it comprises one or a plurality of the following additional steps:i) selective chemical etching of the glass-ceramic with a view to increasing the specific surface area thereof; andii) grinding of the glass-ceramic to increase the specific surface area thereof.10. Method according to claim 8 , characterised in that the duration of the heat treatment is between 1 and 10 hours and preferably between 3 and 6 hours claim 8 , and/or the temperature of the heat treatment is ...

Template-Assisted Synthesis of 2D Nanosheets Using Nanoparticle Templates

A template-assisted method for the synthesis of 2D nanosheets comprises growing a 2D material on the surface of a nanoparticle substrate that acts as a template for nanosheet growth. The 2D nanosheets may then be released from the template surface, e.g. via chemical intercalation and exfoliation, purified, and the templates may be reused.

Method of increasing the thickness of colloidal nanosheets and materials consisting of said nanosheets

A process of growth in the thickness of at least one facet of a colloidal inorganic sheet. By sheet is meant a structure having at least one dimension, the thickness, of nanometric size and lateral dimensions great compared to the thickness, typically more than 5 times the thickness. By homostructured is meant a material of homogeneous composition in the thickness and by heterostructured is meant a material of heterogeneous composition in the thickness. The process allows the deposition of at least one monolayer of atoms on at least one inorganic colloidal sheet, this monolayer being constituted of atoms of the type of those contained or not in the sheet. Homostructured and heterostructured materials resulting from such process as well as the applications of the materials are also described.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CATALYST, CATALYST AND PROCESS FOR THE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF HYDROCARBONS

A process for preparing a catalyst provided in the form of a metal oxide catalyst having at least one element selected from Mo, Te, Nb, V, Cr, Dy, Ga, Sb, Ni, Co, Pt and Ce. The catalyst is subjected to an aftertreatment to increase the proportion of the M1 phase, by contacting the catalyst with steam at a pressure below 100 bar or by contacting the catalyst with oxygen to obtain an aftertreated catalyst. The aftertreated catalyst may be used for oxidative dehydrogenation processes. 1. A process for preparing a catalyst , wherein a catalyst is provided in the form of a metal oxide catalyst which comprises at least one element of the group Mo , Te , Nb , V , Cr , Dy , Ga , Sb , Ni , Co , Pt and Ce ,characterized in that is contacted with steam at a pressure below 100 bar, preferably below 80 bar, preferably below 50 bar, and/or', 'is contacted with oxygen., 'the catalyst is subjected to an aftertreatment to increase the fraction of the M1 phase of the catalyst, wherein the catalyst, with generation of an aftertreated catalyst,'}2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the catalyst claim 1 , during the aftertreatment claim 1 , is contacted with the steam and/or the oxygen at a temperature of at least 200° C. claim 1 , preferably at a temperature of at least 350° C. claim 1 , preferably at a temperature of at least 400° C. claim 1 , preferably at a temperature in the range from 200° C. to 650′ claim 1 , preferably at a temperature in the range from 300° C. to 650° C. claim 1 , preferably at a temperature in the range from 350° C. to 600° C. claim 1 , preferably at a temperature in the range from 350° C. to 550° C. claim 1 , preferably at a temperature in the range from 350° C. to 400° C. claim 1 , preferably at a temperature in the range from 400° C. to 500° C.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the catalyst is a metal oxide catalyst comprising the elements Mo claim 1 , V claim 1 , Te claim 1 , Nb.4. The process as claimed ...

Heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of aromatic alcohols; and methods of making and use thereof

Disclosed herein are new mixed metal oxide catalysts suitable as heterogeneous catalysts for catalyzing the transesterification process of aromatic alcohols with a dialkyl carbonate to form aromatic carbonates. The heterogeneous catalyst comprises a combination of two, three, four, or more oxides of Mo, V, Nb, Ce, Cu, Sn, or an element selected from Group IA or Group IIA of the periodic table.

HIGH CONVERSION AND SELECTIVITY ODH PROCESS

Ethane may be catalytically oxidatively dehydrogenated to ethylene at high conversions and high selectivity in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor in the presence of oxygen in the feed in an amount above the flammability limit. The reactor has an attached regeneration reactor to regenerate the catalyst and cycle back to the CFB. 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidative dehydrogenation reactor comprises a riser and the regeneration reactor is a separate fluidized bed reactor claim 1 , said regeneration reactor being connected with said riser to flow oxidized catalyst back to said riser.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the top of said riser comprises a distributor system.4. The process according to claim 3 , further comprising passing one or more of low temperature steam and atomized water into said catalyst flow into said riser to cool the catalyst to control the heat balance of the of the oxidative dehydrogenation reactor.5. The process according to claim 3 , wherein there is a downcomer between said oxidative dehydrogenation reactor and said regeneration reactor to flow reduced catalyst from said oxidative dehydrogenation reactor to said regeneration reactor.6. The process according to claim 5 , further comprising passing low temperature steam counter current to the flow of oxygen depleted catalyst through said downcomer to strip entrained alkane feed and product.7. The process according to claim 6 , further comprising passing air or a mixture of air and nitrogen through the regeneration reactor in an amount to substantially extract the oxygen from the air or a mixture of air and nitrogen and generating a gas product stream comprising not less than 80-100% of nitrogen.8. The process according to claim 7 , further comprising recycling a portion of the oxygen reduced effluent stream from the regenerator reactor and optionally cooling it and recycling it to the regenerator reactor.9. The process according to claim 7 , further ...

Calcination Process to Produce Enhanced ODH Catalyst

Mixed metal oxide catalysts having an amorphous content of not less than 40 wt. % are prepared by calcining the catalyst precursor fully or partially enclosed by a porous material having a melting temperature greater than 600° C. in an inert container including heating the catalyst precursor at a rate from 0.5 to 10° C. per minute from room temperature to a temperature from 370° C. to 540° C. under a stream of pre heated gas chosen from steam and inert gas and mixtures thereof at a pressure of greater than or equal to 1 psig having a temperature from 300° C. to 540° C. and holding the catalyst precursor at that temperature for at least 2 hours and cooling the catalyst precursor to room temperature. 1. A method to calcine a catalyst precursor of the formula{'br': None, 'sub': 1', '0.1-1', '0.1-1', '0.01-0.2', '0.2', 'd, 'MoVNbTeXO'} calcining the catalyst precursor in an inert container with flow passage there through, at a rate from 0.5 to 10° C. per minute from room temperature to a holding temperature from 370° C. to 540° C. under a stream of pre heated gas chosen from steam and inert gas and mixtures thereof at a rate of flow comparable to a flow rate of not less 150 sccm through a 2.54 cm diameter tube, with a length of 152 cm at a pressure of greater than or equal to 1 psig having a temperature from 300° C. to 540° C.;', 'cooling the catalyst precursor to room temperature said catalyst precursor being fully or partially enclosed by a porous material having a melting temperature greater than 600° C.', 'holding the catalyst precursor at the holding temperature for at least 2 hours; and'}], 'where X is chosen from Pd, Sb Ba, Al, W, Ga, Bi, Sn, Cu, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, Ca, oxides thereof and mixtures thereof, and d is a number to satisfy the valence of the catalyst while maintaining an amorphous content of not less than 40 wt. % the method comprising'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inert container is made from high temperature glass claim 1 , ...

HIGH-PERFORMANCE POLYOXOMETALATE CATALYST AND METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a high-performance polyoxometalate catalyst and a method of preparing the same. More particularly, the present invention provides a high-performance polyoxometalate catalyst, the activity and selectivity of which may be improved by controlling the content of vanadium and the like and which has superior reproducibility and may unsaturated carboxylic acid from unsaturated aldehyde in a high yield for a long time, a method of preparing the same, and the like. 1. A polyoxometalate catalyst , comprising a metal oxide represented by Formula 1 below:{'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g, 'MOAVBCDO,\u2003\u2003[Formula 1]'}wherein A is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of W and Cr; B is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of P, As, B, Sb, Ce, Pb, Mn, Nb and Te; C is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si, Al, Zr, Rh, Cu, Ni, Ti, Ag, Fe, Co and Sn; D is one or more selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Li, Rb, Cs, Ta, Ca, Mg, Sr and Ba; and a, b, c, d, e, f, and g represent atomic ratios of the respective elements,wherein, when a=12, b is 0.01 to 15; c is 0.01 to 15, d is 0 to 20, e is 0 to 20, f is 0 to 20; and g is determined depending upon oxidation states of the respective ingredients, andwherein a mole ratio of V to A (V/A) is 0.01 to 10.2. The polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein each of d claim 1 , e and f is 0.01 to 20.3. The polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the vanadium (V) comprises 30% or more of vanadium having an oxidation number of 4+.4. The polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the polyoxometalate catalyst comprises an inert carrier claim 1 , as a supporter of the metal oxide.5. The polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 4 , wherein a loading amount of a metal oxide coated on the inert carrier is 30 to 80% by weight.6. The polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein ...

CATALYST FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF METHYL MERCAPTAN AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING METHYL MERCAPTAN FROM SYNTHESIS GAS AND HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

The invention relates to a catalyst comprising an active component based on molybdenum and on potassium and a support based on hydroxyapatite, and also to a process for preparing said catalyst and a process for producing methyl mercaptan in a catalytic process by reaction of carbon monoxide, sulphur and/or hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen, comprising the use of said catalyst. 110-. (canceled)11. A catalyst comprising a molybdenum- and potassium-based active component and a hydroxyapatite-based support.12. The catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst support is hydroxyapatite having stoichiometric formula Ca(PO)(OH).13. The catalyst of claim 12 , wherein the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component is selected from the group consisting of compounds based on Mo—S—K claim 12 , compounds based on Mo—O—K claim 12 , and mixtures thereof.14. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component is obtained from a precursor having the formula KMoS.15. The catalyst of claim 14 , wherein the weight ratio of KMoSand Ca(PO)(OH)used to obtain the catalyst is{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4', '10', '4', '6', '2, 'KMoS/Ca(PO)(OH)=31.3/100.'}16. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component is obtained from a precursor having structure KMoO.17. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the weight ratio of KMoOand Ca(PO)(OH)used to obtain the catalyst is:{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4', '10', '4', '6', '2, 'KMoOCa(PO)(OH)=50.7/100.'}18. The catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the hydroxyapatite of the hydroxyapatite-based support has a Ca/P molar ratio ranging from 1.5 to 2.1.19. The catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the hydroxyapatite of the hydroxyapatite-based support has a Ca/P molar ratio of 1.67.20. The catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the hydroxyapatite-based support has a specific area greater than 25 m/g.21. The catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the hydroxyapatite-based support has a specific area greater than 40 m/g.22 ...

Template-Assisted Synthesis of 2D Nanosheets Using Nanoparticle Templates

A template-assisted method for the synthesis of 2D nanosheets comprises growing a 2D material on the surface of a nanoparticle substrate that acts as a template for nanosheet growth. The 2D nanosheets may then be released from the template surface, e.g. via chemical intercalation and exfoliation, purified, and the templates may be reused.

PREPARATION OF PROPANE OXIDATION CATALYSTS

A process for preparing a propane oxidation catalyst, the process comprising pre-calcining a catalyst precursor in a precalcining zone in an oxygen-containing gas, then feeding an oxygen-free gas to a purging zone until the gas exiting the zone is substantially free of oxygen, and calcining the pre-calcined precursor to obtain the catalyst. 1. A process for preparing a propane oxidation catalyst , the process comprising: (a) preparing a catalyst precursor; (b) pre-calcining the catalyst precursor in a precalcining zone in an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of less than 330° C. to form a pre-calcined precursor; then (c) feeding an oxygen-free gas to the pre-calcined precursor in a purging zone until the gas exiting the purging zone is substantially free of oxygen , wherein the temperature of the purging zone is less than 330° C. , and (d) calcining the pre-calcined precursor to obtain the catalyst.2. The process of wherein the catalyst comprises less than 4% of MOphase.3. The process of wherein the catalyst comprises less than 2% of MOphase.4. The process of wherein the oxygen-free gas comprises primarily nitrogen.5. The process of wherein the temperature of at least one of the precalcining zone or the purging zone is less than 310° C.6. The process of . wherein the temperature of at least one of the precalcining zone or the purging zone is less than 290° C.7. The process of wherein the temperature of at least one of the precalcining zone or the purging zone is less than 280° C.8. The process of wherein step (b) is continued until the weight of the precursor stabilizes to obtain a pre-calcined precursor.9. The process of wherein the catalyst is represented by the formula AVNXZOwherein A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W claim 1 , N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te and Sb claim 1 , X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb claim 1 , Ta claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , Al claim 1 ...

METHOD OF INCREASING THE THICKNESS OF COLLOIDAL NANOSHEETS AND MATERIALS CONSISTING OF SAID NANOSHEETS

A process of growth in the thickness of at least one facet of a colloidal inorganic sheet. By sheet is meant a structure having at least one dimension, the thickness, of nanometric size and lateral dimensions great compared to the thickness, typically more than 5 times the thickness. By homostructured is meant a material of homogeneous composition in the thickness and by heterostructured is meant a material of heterogeneous composition in the thickness. The process allows the deposition of at least one monolayer of atoms on at least one inorganic colloidal sheet, this monolayer being constituted of atoms of the type of those contained or not in the sheet. Homostructured and heterostructured materials resulting from such process as well as the applications of the materials are also described. 1. An inorganic colloidal nanoparticle comprising an initial inorganic nanosheet partially or totally covered with at least one layer of inorganic material.2. The inorganic colloidal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein the initial inorganic nanosheet is partially or totally covered on at least one of its largest faces with the at least one layer of inorganic material.3. The inorganic colloidal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein the initial inorganic nanosheet is extended in the thickness with the at least one layer of inorganic material.4. The inorganic colloidal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic colloidal nanoparticle is a nanosheet.5. The inorganic colloidal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein at least one part of the inorganic colloidal nanoparticle has a thickness greater than the thickness of the initial nanosheet.6. The inorganic colloidal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic colloidal nanoparticle has a thickness of 0.5 nm to 10 mm7. The inorganic colloidal nanoparticle according to claim 1 , wherein at least one lateral dimension of the inorganic colloidal nanoparticle is at least 1.5 times its ...

CATALYST FOR THE OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBONS CONSISTING OF MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM, NIOBIUM, TELLURIUM, MANGANESE AND COBALT

A catalyst material for the oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, in particular for the selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid, comprising a) molybdenum (Mo), b) vanadium (V), c) niobium (Nb), d) tellurium (Te), e) manganese (Mn) and cobalt, in which the molar ratio of at least one element, which is selected from manganese and cobalt, to molybdenum lies in the range 0.01 to 0.2. Furthermore, a catalyst for the oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, a use of the catalyst material or of the catalyst, a method for producing a catalyst material for the oxidation and/or oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, and a method for the selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid. 2. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , in which the molar ratio of at least one element claim 1 , which is selected from vanadium claim 1 , niobium and tellurium claim 1 , to molybdenum lies in the range of from 0.1:1 to 0.3:1 or 0.13:1 to 0.27:1; and/orin which nickel is contained in a molar ratio to molybdenum in the range of from 0 to 0.04.3. The catalyst material according to with an X-ray diffractogram which has diffraction reflexes h claim 1 , i claim 1 , k and l the peaks of which lie at the diffraction angles (2θ) 26.0±0.5 (h) claim 1 , 27.1±0.5 (i) claim 1 , 7.8±0.5 (k) and 28.0±0.5 (l); and/or{'sub': h', 'i', 'k', 'l', 'x (x=1 to 3), 'claim-text': [{'br': None, 'i': R', '=P', 'P', '+P, 'sub': 1', 'h', 'h', 'i, '/()>0.3; and/or'}, {'br': None, 'i': R', '=P', 'P', '+P, 'sub': 2', 'i', 'i', 'l, '/()>0.5; and/or'}, {'br': None, 'i': R', '=P', 'P', '+P, 'sub': 3', 'i', 'i', 'k, '/()<0.8; and/or'}], 'in which the intensities P, P, P, Pof the diffraction reflexes h, i, k and l satisfy the following equations, with Ras the intensity ratio defined by the equationsin which, in the X-ray diffractogram, the diffraction reflex i has the second highest intensity and/or the diffraction reflex h has the third highest intensity.4. The catalyst ...

METHOD FOR IN SITU HIGH ACTIVITY ODH CATALYST

A process for preparing an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst or oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst precursor that includes mixing solutions of molybdenum and tellurium at a pH from about 3.3 to 7.5; adjusting the pH of the resulting solution back to about 5 and adding VOSOand adding a solution of NbOand oxalic acid and treating the resulting precursor slurry in a controlled pressure hydrothermal process to obtain the catalyst. 1. A process for preparing a catalyst comprising mixed oxides of MoVNbTe comprising the following steps:i) forming an aqueous solution of ammonium heptamolybdate (tetrahydrate) and telluric acid in a molar ratio of Mo:Te 1:0.14 to 1:0.20, at a temperature from 30° C. to 85° C. and adjusting the pH of the solution to 6.5 to 8.5, with a nitrogen-containing base to form soluble salts of the metals;ii) stirring the pH adjusted solution for a time of not less than 15 minutes;iii) adjusting the pH of the resulting solution to from 4.5 to 5.5, with an acid, and stirring the resulting solution at a temperature of 75° C. to 85° C. until it is homogeneous;iv) preparing an aqueous 0.30 to 0.50 molar solution of vanadyl sulphate at a temperature from room temperature to 80° C.;v) mixing the solutions from steps i) and iv) together to provide a molar ratio of V:Mo from 1.00:1 to 1.67:1;{'sub': 2', '2', '4', '2', '5', '2, 'vi) preparing a solution of HCOand NbOxHO in a molar ratio from 3:1:1 to 6.5:1;'}vii) adding the solution from step vi) to the solution of step v) to provide a molar ratio of Mo:Nb from 5.56:1 to 7.14:1 to form a slurry;viii) heating the resulting slurry in an autoclave under an inert gas, air, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and mixtures thereof at a pressure of not less than 1 psig at a temperature from 140° C. to 190° C. for not less than 6 hours.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature for the hydrothermal treatment is from 140° C. to 180° C.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure in the ...

AGGLOMERATED ODH CATALYST

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts for converting lower paraffins to alkenes such as ethane to ethylene when prepared as an agglomeration, for example extruded with supports chosen from slurries of TiO, ZrOAlO, AlO(OH) and mixtures thereof have a lower temperature at which 25% conversion is obtained. 1. An agglomerated catalyst comprising: [{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.12-0.49', '0.06-0.16', '0.15-0.20', 'd, 'MoVTeNbO'}, 'as measured by PIXE and wherein d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide; and, '10 wt. % to 95 wt. % of a catalyst of the formula{'sub': 2', '2', '3, '5 wt. % to 90 wt. % of a binder chosen from TiO, AlO, AlO(OH), and mixtures thereof.'}2. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 1 , having a cumulative surface area of less than 35 m/g as measured by BET.3. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 1 , having a cumulative pore volume from 0.05 to 0.50 cm/g.4. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 1 , having a pore size distribution with less than 4% having a pore width size less than 150 Angstroms.5. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the agglomerated catalyst is in the shape of a sphere claim 1 , rod claim 1 , ring claim 1 , or a saddle.6. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the agglomerated catalyst has an average size from 1.3 mm to 5 mm.7. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the binder is an acidified binder.8. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the binder is a base treated binder.9. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the agglomerated catalyst is in the shape of a rod having an aspect ratio from 1 to 5/1.3 and a crush strength up to 100 N/mm.10. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 8 , wherein the agglomerated catalyst is in the shape of a rod having an aspect ratio from 1 to 5/1.3 and a crush strength up to 100 N/mm.11. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the agglomerated catalyst is in the shape of a sphere having a crush strength up to 100 N.12. The agglomerated catalyst of claim 8 ...

CATALYST FOR ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process for treating a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation, which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, wherein the process comprises: contacting the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (O), wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 10 to less than 10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), based on the total volume of the gas mixture, at an elevated temperature. 1. A process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane , comprising contacting ethane with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum , vanadium , tellurium and niobium under dehydrogenation conditions wherein the catalyst is pretreated by: contacting the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (O) , wherein the amount of oxygen is from 250 to 10 ,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv) , based on the total volume of the gas mixture , at an elevated temperature.2. (canceled)3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 300 to 900° C.4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 400 to 800° C.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 500 to 700° C.6. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 550 to 650° C.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 400 to 9 claim 1 ,000 parts per million by volume.8. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 600 to 8 claim 1 ,500 parts per million by volume.9. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 800 to 8 claim 1 ,000 parts per million by volume.10. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 900 to 7 claim 1 ,500 parts per million by volume. The present application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/398,508, filed Nov. 3, 2014 which is a National ...

PHOTOCATALYST

A photocatalyst includes a composite fiber having at least two crystalline semi-conductors that provide a heterojunction structure in the composite fiber. 1. A photocatalyst comprising a composite fiber including at least two crystalline semi-conductors , wherein the crystalline semi-conductors provide a heterojunction structure in the composite fiber.2. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein the at least two crystalline semi-conductors have band position alignments which allow vectorial displacement of electrons and holes.3. The photocatalyst of claim 2 , wherein one of the crystalline semi-conductors is an n-type semi-conductor selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide claim 2 , bismuth oxide claim 2 , zinc oxide claim 2 , and combinations thereof.4. The photocatalyst of claim 2 , wherein one of the crystalline semi-conductors is a p-type semi-conductor selected from the group consisting of copper (I) oxide claim 2 , copper (II) oxide claim 2 , cadmium telluride claim 2 , and combinations thereof.5. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein one of the crystalline semi-conductors is prepared from a precursor solution including bismuth oxide in a concentration from about 0.1% to about 1% claim 1 , zinc oxide in a concentration from about 0.1% to about 1% claim 1 , and titanium dioxide in a concentration from about 1% to about 10%.6. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein the composite fiber has a nanostructure.7. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , whereinthe photocatalyst is capable of removing a contaminant from a fluid stream, andthe contaminant comprises a pollutant.8. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , wherein the composite fiber further comprises a polymer coating.9. The photocatalyst of claim 1 , furthers comprising a substrate holding the composite fiber.10. The photocatalyst of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is transparent to light and is gas permeable.11. The photocatalyst of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is flexible.12. The photocatalyst of claim 9 , ...

OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKANES TO ALKENES, AND RELATED SYSTEM

A method of producing and separating an alkene, such as ethylene, from an alkane, such as ethane. The method comprises subjecting a feedstock comprising ethane to oxidative dehydrogenation to produce an ethylene stream. The ethylene stream is passed through a membrane separation unit to separate the ethylene from unreacted ethane in the ethylene stream. The ethylene is recovered from the membrane separation unit. A system configured to produce ethylene is also disclosed. The system comprises at least one ODH reactor, a heat management unit coupled to the at least one ODH reactor, and at least one membrane separation unit comprising at least one membrane. The ODH reactor is configured to convert ethane to ethylene. The heat management unit is configured to reduce a temperature of the ethylene. The at least one membrane is configured to separate the ethylene from unreacted ethane. 1. A method of producing ethylene , comprising:subjecting a feedstock comprising ethane to oxidative dehydrogenation to produce an ethylene stream;passing the ethylene stream through a membrane separation unit to separate the ethylene from unreacted ethane in the ethylene stream; andrecovering the ethylene from the membrane separation unit.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting a feedstock comprising ethane to oxidative dehydrogenation comprises subjecting the feedstock comprising the ethane and oxygen to the oxidative dehydrogenation.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting a feedstock comprising ethane to oxidative dehydrogenation comprises subjecting the feedstock comprising an excess of the ethane to the oxidative dehydrogenation.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting a feedstock comprising ethane to oxidative dehydrogenation comprises subjecting the feedstock comprising about 95% by volume of the ethane and about 5% by volume of oxygen to the oxidative dehydrogenation.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting a feedstock comprising ethane to oxidative ...

Low pressure gas release hydrothermal and peroxide treatment of odh catalyst

The preparation of an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst comprising Mo, V, Nb and Te using a hydrothermal step. In some embodiments, the activity and reproducibility of the catalyst is improved by conducting the hydrothermal step while permitting gaseous products to leave the reactor. In some instances a condenser may be upstream of the outlet of the reactor.

ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION

The invention relates to a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of a C2-6 alkane, comprising subjecting a stream comprising methane and the C2-6 alkane, in which stream the volume ratio of methane to the C2-6 alkane is of from 0.005:1 to 100:1, to oxydehydrogenation conditions resulting in a stream comprising methane, a C2-6 alkene and optionally a C2-6 carboxylic acid. 1. A process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of a C2-6 alkane , comprising subjecting a stream comprising methane and the C2-6 alkane , in which stream the volume ratio of methane to the C2-6 alkane is of from 0.005:1 to 100:1 , preferably of from 0.2:1 to 100:1 , more preferably of from 0.5:1 to 100:1 , to oxydehydrogenation conditions resulting in a stream comprising methane , a C2-6 alkene and optionally a C2-6 carboxylic acid.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the volume ratio of methane to the C2-6 alkane is of from 0.005:1 to 4.8:1.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein C2-6 alkene is converted into another chemical product.4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the C2-6 alkane is ethane and the C2-6 alkene is ethylene claim 3 , which ethylene is converted into ethylene oxide.5. The process according to claim 4 , comprisingsubjecting a stream comprising methane and ethane, in which stream the volume ratio of methane to ethane is of from 0.005:1 to 100:1, preferably of from 0.2:1 to 100:1, more preferably of from 0.5:1 to 100:1, to oxydehydrogenation conditions resulting in a stream comprising methane, ethylene and optionally acetic acid;subjecting ethylene and methane from the stream comprising methane, ethylene and optionally acetic acid to oxidation conditions resulting in a stream comprising ethylene oxide and methane; andrecovering ethylene oxide from the stream comprising ethylene oxide and methane. The present invention relates to a process of alkane oxidative dehydrogenation (oxydehydrogenation; ODH).It is known to oxidatively dehydrogenate alkanes, such as ...

PREPARATION OF PROPANE OXIDATION CATALYSTS

A process for preparing a propane oxidation catalyst, the process comprising pre-calcining the catalyst precursor in an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of less than 330° C. until the weight of the precursor stabilizes to obtain a pre-calcined precursor; then calcining the pre-calcined precursor to obtain the catalyst. 1. A process for preparing a propane oxidation catalyst , the process comprising: (a) preparing a catalyst precursor; (b) pre-calcining the catalyst precursor in an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of less than 330° C. until the weight of the precursor stabilizes to obtain a pre-calcined precursor; then (c) calcining the pre-calcined precursor to obtain the catalyst.2. The process of wherein step (b) is maintained for at least 4 hours.3. The process of wherein step (c) is maintained for at least 6 hours.4. The process of wherein step (c) is maintained for at least 8 hours.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of phase M2 in the catalyst is less than 12%.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of phase M2 in the catalyst is less than 10%.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of phase M2 in the catalyst is less than 8%.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of phase M2 in the catalyst is less than 7%.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of step (b) is less than 310° C.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is represented by the formula AaVbNcXdZeOf wherein A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W claim 1 , N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te and Sb claim 1 , X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb claim 1 , Ta claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , Al claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Rh claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Pt claim 1 , Sb claim 1 , Bi claim 1 , B claim 1 , In claim 1 , As claim 1 , Ge claim 1 , Sn claim 1 , Hf claim 1 , Pb claim 1 , P claim 1 , Pm claim ...

FACILITATED CO2 TRANSPORT MEMBRANE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING CO2

Provided is a facilitated COtransport membrane having an improved COpermeance and an improved CO/Hselectivity. The facilitated COtransport membrane includes a separation-functional membrane that includes a hydrophilic polymer gel membrane containing a COcarrier and a COhydration catalyst. Further preferably, the COhydration catalyst at least has catalytic activity at a temperature of 100° C. or higher, has a melting point of 200° C. or higher, or is soluble in water. 1. A method for separating COusing a facilitated COtransport membrane , the facilitated COtransport membrane comprising a separation-functional membrane that includes a hydrophilic polymer gel membrane containing a COcarrier with a COhydration catalyst having catalytic activity at a temperature of 100° C. or higher ,{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'wherein a mixed gas containing COand Hand having a temperature of 100° C. or higher is supplied to a supply side of the facilitated COtransport membrane under a condition that a pressure difference between the supply side and a permeate side of the facilitated COtransport membrane is not less than 200 kPa, and the COpassing through the facilitated COtransport membrane is separated from the mixed gas, and'}{'sub': '2', 'wherein the COhydration catalyst contains at least one of a tellurous acid compound, a selenious acid compound, an orthosilicic acid compound and a molybdic acid compound.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gel membrane is a hydrogel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gel membrane is a polyvinyl alcohol-polyacrylic acid salt copolymer gel membrane.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the COcarrier contains at least one of a carbonate of an alkali metal claim 1 , a bicarbonate of an alkali metal and a hydroxide of an alkali metal.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the alkali metal is cesium or rubidium.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the separation-functional membrane is supported on a hydrophilic porous membrane.7. A COseparation ...

HEAT DISSIPATING DILUENT IN FIXED BED REACTORS

Incorporating into a fixed bed reactor for an exothermal reaction having a catalyst supported on a support having a thermal conductivity typically less than 30 W/mk within the reaction temperature control limits heat dissipative particles having a thermal conductivity of at least 50 W/mk less than 30 W/mk within the reaction temperature control limits helps control the temperature of the reactor bed. 117-. (canceled)18. A process for conducting an oxidative dehydrogenation of one or more Chydrocarbons comprising{'sub': '2-4', 'sup': '−1', 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'z', 'm', 'n', 'p, 'VMoNbTeMeO'}, 'providing a mixed feed of Chydrocarbons and oxygen in a volume ratio from 70:30 to 95:5 to a fixed bed reactor at a temperature of less than 420° C., a gas hourly space velocity of not less than 280 hrand a pressure of from 0.8 to 102 atmospheres (80 to 1000 kPa) in the presence of a fixed bed comprising a mixed metal oxide catalyst having the empirical formulawherein Me is a metal selected from Ta, Ti, W, Hf, Zr, Sb and mixtures thereof; x is from 0.1 to 3 provided that when Me is absent x is greater than 0.5; y is from 0.5 to 1.5; z is from 0.001 to 3; m is from 0.001 to 5; n is from 0 to 2; and p is a number to satisfy the valence state of the mixed metal oxide catalyst;wherein said mixed metal oxide catalyst is supported on one or more of porous silicon dioxide, ignited silicon dioxide, kieselgur, silica gel, porous or nonporous aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, thorium dioxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, tin oxide, cerium dioxide, zinc oxide, boron oxide, boron nitride, boron carbide, boron phosphate, zirconium phosphate, aluminum silicate, silicon nitride or silicon carbide;wherein said fixed bed further comprises one or more inert non catalytic heat dissipative particles in an amount from 5 to 90 wt. %, based on the weight of the fixed bed;wherein, said particles have a melting point at least ...

NITRIC OXIDE INFUSED SURGICAL TISSUE REPAIR TECHNOLOGIES

Surgical tissue repair technologies incorporating nitric oxide releasing materials which release nitric oxide into the surrounding tissue. The surgical tissue repair technologies include tissue repair devices, such as surgical meshes, vascular stents, surgical grafts, irrigation solutions, and other internal surgical tissue repair materials. The nitric oxide releasing compound may be a S-nitrosothiol compound, such as s-nitroso-n-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP), s-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), and mixtures thereof. The tissue repair devices may further include a catalyst to facilitate release of nitric oxide. The devices may include a substrate coated with a coating incorporating the same or different nitric oxide releasing compound. The devices may include a substrate impregnated with the nitric oxide releasing compound and coated with a polymer-based coating incorporating the same or different nitric oxide releasing compound. The polymer-based coating may include diazeniumdiolate groups (NONOate groups). The polymer-based coating may include a polyethyleneimine cellulose NONOate polymer. 1. A surgical tissue repair device configured to be implanted during tissue repair surgery and which releases nitric oxide into the surrounding tissue , wherein the device comprises a substrate incorporating a nitric oxide releasing compound.2. The surgical tissue repair device of claim 1 , wherein the nitric oxide releasing compound is a S-nitrosothiol compound.3. The surgical tissue repair device of claim 1 , wherein the nitric oxide releasing compound is selected from s-nitroso-n-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) claim 1 , s-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The surgical tissue repair device of claim 1 , wherein the nitric oxide releasing compound reacts in the presence of a physiological fluid to release nitric oxide into the surrounding tissue.5. The surgical tissue repair device of claim 4 , wherein the physiological fluid is selected from interstitial fluid and ...

Heat dissipating diluent in fixed bed reactors

Incorporating into a fixed bed reactor for an exothermal reaction having a catalyst supported on a support having a thermal conductivity typically less than 30 W/mk within the reaction temperature control limits heat dissipative particles having a thermal conductivity of at least 50 W/mk less than 30 W/mk within the reaction temperature control limits helps control the temperature of the reactor bed.

Porous layered transition metal dichalcogenide and preparation method and use thereof

The present invention relates to the field of catalysts, and provides a porous layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) and a preparation method and use thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) mixing silica microspheres, a transition metal salt and an elemental chalcogen, and pressing to obtain a tablet, the silica microspheres having a same or different particle diameters; and (2) sintering the tablet under hydrogen, and removing the silica microspheres to obtain the porous layered TMD. The porous layered TMD prepared by the method of the present invention has a high lattice edge exposure, which provides more active sites and higher catalytic activity, so the porous layered TMD can effectively catalyze the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or sulfides to sulfoxides under visible light irradiation.

Oxidative dehydrogenation (odh) of ethane

Processes and associated reaction systems for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane are provided. In particular, a process is provided that comprises supplying a feed gas comprising ethane and oxygen to a multitubular fixed-bed reactor and allowing the ethane and oxygen to react in the presence of an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst to yield a reactor effluent comprising ethylene; and supplying a coolant to an interior shell space of the multitubular fixed-bed reactor in a flow pattern that is co-current with the flow of the feed gas through reactor.

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts comprising MoVNbTeO having improved consistency of composition and a 25% conversion of ethylene at less than 420° C. and a selectivity to ethylene above 95% are prepared by treating the catalyst precursor with H 2 O 2 in an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL H 2 O 2 of a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor prior to calcining.

OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts comprising MoVNbTeO having improved consistency of composition and a 25% conversion of ethylene at less than 420° C. and a selectivity to ethylene above 95% are prepared by treating the catalyst precursor with HOin an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL HOof a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor prior to calcining. 1. A method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of a mixed feed comprising ethane and oxygen in a volume ratio from 70:30 to 95:5 , wherein the method comprises passing the mixed feed over a calcined oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst of the empirical formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.22-0.33', '0.10-0.16', '0.15-0.19', 'd, 'MoVTeNbO'}wherein d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide and the empirical formula is determined by PIXE; and{'sub': 2', '2, 'wherein the calcined oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst is formed from a catalyst precursor that is treated with HOand wherein the catalyst precursor is calcined at a temperature from 200° C. to 600° C.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas hourly space velocity greater than 3000 hr..3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature is less than 400° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calcined oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst forms a fixed bed in the reactor.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas hourly space velocity is not less than 3000 hr claim 1 , the calcined oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst forms a fixed bed in the reactor claim 1 , and the selectivity to ethylene is not less than 90%.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the calcined oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst has the empirical formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.22-0.29', '0.10-0.16', '0.15-0.19', 'd, 'MoVTeNbO'}wherein d is a number to satisfy the valence of the oxide and the empirical formula is determined by PIXE.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the calcined oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst has the empirical formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 1.0', '0.22 ...

ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein a gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane and/or alkene is contacted with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium, and wherein the weight hourly space velocity is of from 2.1 to 25.0 hrand the temperature is of from 300 to 500° C. 1. Process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms , wherein a gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane and/or alkene is contacted with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum , vanadium , niobium and optionally tellurium , and wherein the weight hourly space velocity is of from 2.1 to 25.0 hrand the temperature is of from 300 to 500° C.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the weight hourly space velocity is of from 4.0 to 18.0 hr.3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 310 to 450° C.4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure is of from 0.1 to 15 bara.5. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and wherein said alkane is ethane or propane.6. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is a process of the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and wherein said alkene is ethylene or propylene. The present invention relates to a process of alkane oxidative dehydrogenation (oxydehydrogenation; ODH) and/or alkene oxidation.It is known to oxidatively dehydrogenate alkanes, such as alkanes containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, for example ethane or propane resulting in ethylene and propylene, respectively, in an oxidative dehydrogenation (oxydehydrogenation; ODH) process. Examples of alkane ODH processes, including catalysts and ...

ALKANE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION

The invention relates to a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein a gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane and/or alkene is contacted with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium, and wherein the linear velocity of said gas stream is at least 10 cm/sec. 1. Process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms , wherein a gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane and/or alkene is contacted with a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum , vanadium , niobium and optionally tellurium , and wherein the linear velocity of said gas stream is at least 10 cm/sec.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the linear velocity of the gas stream comprising oxygen and the alkane and/or alkene is in the range of from 10 to 500 cm/sec.3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the gas hourly space velocity is of from 2 claim 1 ,500 to 25 claim 1 ,000 hr.4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure is of from 0.1 to 15 bara.5. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is of from 300 to 500° C.6. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and wherein said alkane is ethane or propane.7. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is a process of the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and wherein said alkene is ethylene or propylene. The present invention relates to a process of alkane oxidative dehydrogenation (oxydehydrogenation; ODH) and/or alkene oxidation.It is known to oxidatively dehydrogenate alkanes, such as alkanes containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, for example ethane or propane resulting in ethylene and propylene, respectively, in an oxidative ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING CONTINUOUS ACRYLIC ACID THROUGH PROPANE PARTIAL OXIDATION REACTION

This invention relates to a method of continuously preparing acrylic acid and an apparatus using the same, the method including: (1) subjecting a feed including propane, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide to partial oxidation using a catalyst, thus obtaining an acrylic acid-containing mixed gas, (2) separating the acrylic acid-containing mixed gas into an acrylic acid-containing solution and a gas byproduct, (3) separating an acrylic acid solution from the separated acrylic acid-containing solution, and (4) recycling the separated gas byproduct into the feed. 1. A method of continuously preparing acrylic acid , comprising steps of:(1) subjecting a feed including propane, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide to partial oxidation using a catalyst, thus obtaining an acrylic acid-containing mixed gas;(2) separating the acrylic acid-containing mixed gas into an acrylic acid-containing solution and a gas byproduct;(3) separating an acrylic acid solution from the separated acrylic acid-containing solution; and(4) recycling the separated gas byproduct into the feed.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas byproduct includes at least one selected from the group consisting of propane claim 1 , propylene claim 1 , oxygen claim 1 , carbon monoxide claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , and water vapor.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the separated gas byproduct of the step (4) is recycled so as to be suitable for a composition molar ratio of the feed in the step (1).4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising oxidizing carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide using a catalyst including at least one selected from the group consisting of rhodium (Rh) claim 1 , iridium (Ir) claim 1 , palladium (Pd) claim 1 , and platinum (Pt) claim 1 , between the steps (1) and (2).5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising oxidizing carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide using a catalyst including at least one selected from the group consisting of rhodium (Rh) claim 1 , iridium (Ir) claim 1 , ...

PHOTOCATALYST

A photocatalyst includes a composite fiber having at least two crystalline semi-conductors that provide a heterojunction structure in the composite fiber. 115-. (canceled)16. A device for removing a contaminant from a fluid stream , the device comprising a photocatalyst including a composite fiber , whereinthe composite fiber includes at least three n-type crystalline semiconductor materials,the n-type crystalline semiconductor materials form a heterojunction structure in the composite fiber, andthe n-type crystalline semiconductor materials include bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide.17. The device of claim 16 , wherein the photocatalyst is activated by light incident on the photocatalyst and selected from the group consisting of ultra-violet light claim 16 , visible light claim 16 , and combinations of ultra-violet light and visible light.18. The device of claim 16 , including a filter located upstream of the photocatalyst in the device.19. The device of claim 16 , wherein the photocatalyst has a pleated configuration.20. The device of claim 16 , wherein the photocatalyst protrudes into the fluid stream from an internal wall of the device.21. A method comprising: the photocatalyst comprises a composite fiber,', 'the composite fiber includes at least three n-type crystalline semiconductor materials,', 'the n-type crystalline semiconductor materials form a heterojunction structure in the composite fiber, and', 'the n-type crystalline semiconductor materials include bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide; and, 'placing a device including a photocatalyst adjacent a fluid stream, wherein'}activating the photocatalyst, for photocatalytic reaction, with light incident on the photocatalyst for removing a contaminant from the fluid stream.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the photocatalyst includes a substrate holding the composite fiber therein.23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the photocatalyst is positioned substantially tangentially with ...

SYNTHESIS OF A MOVTENB CATALYST FROM LOW-COST METAL OXIDES

A novel catalyst and process for producing a mixed oxide material containing molybdenum, vanadium, tellurium and niobium is disclosed. The material can be used as a catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethene or the oxidation of propane to acrylic acid.

CATALYST FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF METHYL MERCAPTAN AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING METHYL MERCAPTAN FROM SYNTHESIS GAS AND HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

The invention relates to a catalyst comprising an active component based on molybdenum and on potassium and a support based on hydroxyapatite, and also to a process for preparing said catalyst and a process for producing methyl mercaptan in a catalytic process by reaction of carbon monoxide, sulphur and/or hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen, comprising the use of said catalyst. 1. A catalyst comprising a molybdenum- and potassium-based active component and a hydroxyapatite-based support.2. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the catalyst support is hydroxyapatite having stoichiometric formula Ca(PO)(OH).3. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component is selected from the group consisting of compounds based on Mo—S—K claim 1 , compounds based on Mo—O—K claim 1 , and their mixtures.4. The catalyst as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component has been obtained from a precursor having structure KMoS.5. The catalyst as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the weight ratio of KMoSand Ca(PO)(OH)used to obtain the catalyst is{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4', '10', '4', '6', '2, 'KMoS/Ca(PO)(OH)=31.3/100'}6. The catalyst as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component has been obtained from a precursor having structure KMoO.7. The catalyst as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the weight ratio of KMoOand Ca(PO)(OH)used to obtain the catalyst is:{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4', '10', '4', '6', '2, 'KMoO/Ca(PO)(OH)=50.7/100'}8. A preparation process for the catalyst as defined in claim 1 , comprising the following steps:preparing a precursor for the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component;preparing the hydroxyapatite-based support; anddry impregnating the hydroxyapatite-based support with the precursor for the molybdenum- and potassium-based active component.9. A process for producing methyl mercaptan in a catalytic process by reacting carbon oxide claim 1 , ...

CATALYST FOR ETHANE ODH

A catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane with an empirical formula Mo—V—Te—Nb—Pd—O produced using a process comprising impregnation of the Pd component on the surface of the catalyst following a calcination step using a Pd compound free of halogens. The resulting catalyst can be used in both diluted and undiluted ODH processes and shows higher than expected activity without any loss of selectivity. 2. The process of wherein the step ii) heating of said first mixture in said first pressurized vessel is done at a temperature of from 160° C. to 185° C.3. The process of wherein the step vi) drying temperature is from 120° C. to 130° C.4. The process of wherein b equals from 0.1 to 0.5.5. The process of wherein b equals from 0.2 to 0.4.6. The process of wherein c equals from 0.05 to 0.4.7. The process of wherein c equals from 0.08 to 0.3.8. The process of wherein d equals from 0.05 to 0.4.9. The process of wherein d equals from 0.08 to 0.3.10. The process of wherein d equals from 0.10 to 0.25.11. The process of wherein e equals from 0.005 to 0.10.12. The process of wherein e equals from 0.01 to 0.05.13. The process of wherein e equals from 0.015 to 0.03.14. The process of wherein the inert atmosphere comprises gaseous nitrogen.15. The process of wherein the said first recovered insoluble material is calcined at a temperature of from 500° C. to 700° C. claim 1 , (preferably from 550° C. to 650° C. claim 1 , most preferably from 580° C. to 620° C.) claim 1 , for from 1 hours to 8 hours.16. The process of wherein the said first recovered insoluble material is calcined by ramping temperature from at or about room temperature to at or about 600° C. over a period of 4 to 7 hours claim 1 , followed by holding at or about 600° C. for from 1 hour to 4 hours.17. The process of wherein the Pd compound free of halogens is selected from [Pd(NH)](NO) claim 1 , Pd(HCO) claim 1 , Pd(CHCOO)and an analogous Pd containing salt.18. The process of wherein impregnation of said ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MIXED OXIDE MATERIALS CONTAINING MOLYBDENUM

The invention relates to a method for producing a mixed oxide material containing the elements molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and tellurium, comprising the following steps: a) producing a mixture from starting compounds containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and a tellurium-containing starting compound, present in the tellurium in the +4 oxidation state, b) hydrothermal treatment of the mixture from starting compounds at a temperature of between 100° C. to 300° C., in order to obtain a product suspension, c) separating off and drying the solid material from the product suspension obtained in step b), d) activating the solid material in inert gas in order to obtain the mixed oxide material. The invention is characterized in that the tellurium-containing starting compound has a particle size Dof less than 100 μm. 1. A method for preparing a mixed-oxide material containing the elements molybdenum , vanadium , niobium , and tellurium , comprising the following steps:a) preparation of a mixture of starting compounds that contains molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, and a tellurium-containing starting compound in which tellurium is in oxidation state +4,b) hydrothermal treatment of the mixture of starting compounds at a temperature of 100° C. to 300° C. to obtain a product suspension,c) separation and drying of the solid from the product suspension resulting from step b),{'sub': '90', 'd) activation of the solid in inert gas to obtain the mixed-oxide material, characterized in that the tellurium-containing starting compound has a particle size Dsmaller than 100 μm.'}2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mixture of starting compounds is an aqueous suspension.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the tellurium-containing starting compound is tellurium dioxide or a compound of formula MTeOwhere n=1 or 2 and x=2/n and wherein M is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein one of the starting compounds is ammonium ...

DOUBLE PEROXIDE TREATMENT OF OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts comprising MoVNbTeO having improved consistency of composition and a 25% conversion of ethylene at less than 420° C. and a selectivity to ethylene above 95% are prepared by treating the catalyst precursor with HOin an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL HOof a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor prior to calcining and treating the resulting catalyst with the equivalent amount of peroxide after calcining. 114-. (canceled)151. A method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of a mixed feed of ethane and oxygen in a volume ratio from 70:30 to 95:5 at a temperature less than 400° C. , at a gas hourly space velocity of not less than 280 hrand a pressure from 0.8 to 1.2 atmospheres comprising passing said mixture over a catalyst prepared according to claim .16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the selectivity to ethylene is not less than 90%.17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the gas hourly space velocity is not less than 1000 hr.18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the calcined catalyst forms a fixed bed in the reactor.20. The catalyst according to claim 19 , wherein not less than 75 wt % of a crystalline component has the formula (TeO)(MoVNb)Oas determined by XRD.21. The catalyst according to claim 19 , wherein from 2.4 to 12 wt % of the crystalline phase of the catalyst has the formula (TeO)(MoVNb)Oas determined by XRD.22. The catalyst according to claim 19 , wherein in the crystalline phase of the catalyst the amount of the phase having the formula (TeO)(MoVNb)Ois above 75 wt % of the measured crystalline phase.23. The catalyst according to claim 19 , has an XRD pattern (reflections data) where the reflection at 21.81° (±0.4°) 2θ is 1-6% relative peak height of the reference reflection at 22.29° (±0.4°) 2θ.24. The catalyst according to claim 19 , wherein the reflection at 22.29° (±0.4°) 2θ has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) less than 0.185° 2θ.25. The catalyst according to claim 19 , having a ...

Preparation of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst

The present invention therefore provides a process for the preparation of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst, especially a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, comprising the following steps: (a) providing a solution of iron or a suspension of a precipitated, non-calcined iron-containing solid in a solvent in which a precursor of a promoter P1 is present, the promoter P1 comprising one or more element(s) selected from the group of boron, germanium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium and tellurium, (b) removing the solvent from the solution or suspension, and (c) subjecting the product of step (b) to a calcination treatment, wherein - the amount of the precursor of promoter P1 is selected so that the one or more element(s) selected from boron, germanium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium and tellurium is(are) present in an amount of at least 0.02 g/100 g Fe in the catalyst, and - a precursor of an alkali metal- and/or alkaline earth metal containing promoter P2 is added before, after or during any of the steps of the process so that promoter P2 is present in the catalyst, to a catalyst obtainable by such a process, to a hydrocarbon synthesis process carried out in the presence of such a catalyst and to the use of the catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis process.

Hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst and process with improved selectivity to short chain products

The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst comprising in its unreduced form a) Fe as catalytically active metal, b) an alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal in an alkali metal- and/or alkaline-earth metal-containing promoter, the alkali metal being present in an amount of from 0.1 to 1.0 g/100 g Fe, c) and a further promoter comprising, or consisting of, one or more element(s) selected from the group of boron, silicon, germanium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium and tellurium, the element(s) being present in an amount of from 0.03 to 0.2 g/100 g Fe, and wherein the catalyst in its unreduced form has a surface area of less than 50 m 2 /g, to a hydrocarbon synthesis process which is operated in the present of such a catalyst and to the use of such a catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis process.

Activated multimetal oxide catalyst

올레핀 선택적 ｆｔ 촉매 조성물 및 그의 제조방법

본 발명은 a)촉매 활성을 가진 금속으로서 Fe, b)알칼리 금속- 및/또는 알칼리 토금속을 함유하는 촉진제 내의 알칼리 금속 및/또는 알칼리-토금속, 및 c) 및 붕소, 게르마늄, 질소, 인, 비소, 안티몬, 황, 셀레늄 및 텔루륨의 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 성분으로 구성되거나, 또는 이를 포함하는 추가의 촉진제를 포함하는 비환원 형태의 탄화수소 합성 촉매, 상기 탄화수소 합성 촉매의 합성방법, 상기 촉매의 존재 하에 수행되는 탄화수소 합성 방법 및 탄화수소 합성 방법 중의 상기 촉매의 용도에 관한 것이다.

烯烃选择性ft催化剂组合物及其制备方法

本发明涉及一种烃合成催化剂，在其未还原形式中，所述催化剂包括：a)作为催化活性金属的Fe，b)含有碱金属的促进剂中的碱金属，c)以及含有硼元素或由硼元素组成的其他促进剂。本发明还涉及烃合成催化剂的合成方法、在所述催化剂的存在下进行的烃合成方法以及所述催化剂在烃合成方法中的用途。

烯烃选择性ft催化剂组合物及其制备方法

本发明涉及一种烃合成催化剂，在其未还原形式中所述催化剂包括：a)作为催化活性金属的Fe，b)含碱金属和/或碱土金属的促进剂中的碱金属和/或碱土金属，所述碱金属，c)和含有一种或多种选自硼、锗、氮、磷、砷、锑、硫、硒和碲的组中的元素或由上述元素组成的其他促进剂。本发明还涉及烃合成催化剂的合成方法、在所述催化剂的存在下进行的烃合成方法以及所述催化剂在烃合成方法中的用途。

Olefin selective ft catalyst composition and preparation thereof

Catalyst for low temperature slurry bed fischer-tropsch synthesis

A method for controllably producing a hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by combining an iron nitrate solution with a precipitating agent solution at a precipitating temperature and over a precipitation time to form a precipitate comprising iron phases; holding the precipitate from at a hold temperature for a hold time to provide a hematite containing precipitate; and washing the hematite containing precipitate via contact with a wash solution and filtering, to provide a washed hematite containing catalyst. The method may further comprise promoting the washed hematite containing catalyst with a chemical promoter; spray drying the promoted hematite containing catalyst; and calcining the spray dried hematite containing catalyst to provide a calcined hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.

Catalyst for low temperature slurry bed fischer-tropsch synthesis

A method for controllably producing a hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by combining an iron nitrate solution with a precipitating agent solution at a precipitating temperature and over a precipitation time to form a precipitate comprising iron phases; holding the precipitate from at a hold temperature for a hold time to provide a hematite containing precipitate; and washing the hematite containing precipitate via contact with a wash solution and filtering, to provide a washed hematite containing catalyst. The method may further comprise promoting the washed hematite containing catalyst with a chemical promoter; spray drying the promoted hematite containing catalyst; and calcining the spray dried hematite containing catalyst to provide a calcined hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.

CATALYTIC SYSTEM FOR THE AMMOSSIDATION OF PROPYLENE TO ACRILONITRILE.