Способ получения этиленкарбоната

Изобретение относится к области органической химии, к усовершенствованному методу получения этиленкарбоната, используемому в качестве растворителя полимеров, экстрагента ароматических углеводородов, а также для синтеза различных пластификаторов, модификаторов, полимеров, мономеров, средств защиты растений. Способ получения этиленкарбоната включает взаимодействие окиси этилена с диоксидом углерода в присутствии катализатора в виде йодида калия и характеризуется тем, что взаимодействие окиси этилена с диоксидом углерода осуществляют при температуре 95-98°С, давлении 3,5-3,8 МПа, причем в качестве катализатора используют йодид калия с концентрацией 3,1⋅10-2моль на литр окиси этилена с модифицирующей добавкой в виде йода с концентрацией 3,9-6,3⋅10-3 грамм-атом йода на литр окиси этилена. Техническим результатом изобретения является снижение энергозатрат, увеличение конверсии окиси этилена и диоксида углерода, а также увеличение выхода этиленкарбоната. 2 табл., 5 пр.

КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ АКРИЛОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ИЗ МОЛОЧНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ИЛИ ЕЕ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ В ЖИДКОЙ ФАЗЕ

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a molten salt catalyst for producing acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives or mixtures thereof, comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid; wherein said IL has a phosphonium cation and a bromide anion (Br - ); wherein said acid is soluble in said IL and selected from a group consisting of a Lewis acid, Bronsted acid and mixtures thereof; wherein said Lewis acid is selected from a group consisting of CaBr 2 , MgBr 2 , AlBr 3 , CuBr 2 and mixtures thereof; and wherein said Bronsted acid has pK a less than 5 in water at 25 °C. EFFECT: high output of acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives or mixtures thereof. 14 cl, 3 tbl, 140 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 715 707 C1 (51) МПК B01J 27/122 (2006.01) B01J 27/125 (2006.01) B01J 27/138 (2006.01) B01J 27/16 (2006.01) B01J 31/02 (2006.01) B01J 31/26 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01J 27/122 (2019.08); B01J 27/125 (2019.08); B01J 27/138 (2019.08); B01J 27/16 (2019.08); B01J 31/02 (2019.08); B01J 31/26 (2019.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019100005, 27.07.2017 27.07.2017 Дата регистрации: 03.03.2020 29.07.2016 US 62/368,216; 08.09.2016 US 62/384,812; 29.11.2016 US 62/427,284; 26.04.2017 US 62/490,087; 20.06.2017 US 62/522,196 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ДЗЕ ПРОКТЕР ЭНД ГЭМБЛ КОМПАНИ (US) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: EP 2977380 A1, 27.01.2016. US 20100152027 A1, 17.06.2010. US 9309180 B2, 12.04.2016. RU 2427567 C2, 27.08.2011. EA 19759 B1, 30.06.2014. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 09.01.2019 C 1 C 1 (45) Опубликовано: 03.03.2020 Бюл. № 7 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 7 1 5 7 0 7 US 2017/044075 (27.07.2017) R U 2 7 1 5 7 0 7 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (72) Автор(ы): АЛЬБЕРТ Якоб (DE), ВАССЕРШАЙД Питер (DE), ТАККАРДИ Никола (DE), НАГЕНГАСТ Йенс (DE), КЕРЕР Матиас (DE), КАДАР Юлиан ( ...

ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ N-МОНОФТОРАЛКИЛТРОПАНОВ

... 1. Способ получения N-монофторалкилтропана формулы (IIIA):(IIIA)включающий:(1) предоставление предшественника, который содержит амин формулы (III):(2) алкилирование указанного предшественника алкилирующим агентом формулы F-(CH)X в присутствии основания и возможно в присутствии йодидной соли в подходящем растворителе с получением N-монофторалкилтропана формулы (IIIA),где:m равно 2, 3 или 4; иX представляет собой I или -OSOR, где Rпредставляет собой Cалкил, Сперфторалкил или Сарил.2. Способ по п.1, где X представляет собой -OSoR, и Rвыбран из -СН, -CFили СНСН.3. Способ по п.1, где X представляет собой I.4. Способ по п.3, где m равно 3, и алкилирующий агент представляет собой F-(CH)-I.5. Способ получения содержащего триалкилолово предшественника для радиойодинирования формулы IV:включающий:(1) осуществление способа по любому из п.п.1-4 с получением N-монофторалкиламинного продукта формулы (IIIA);(2) взаимодействие соединения формулы (IIIA) со стадии (1) с SnR в присутствии подходящего катализатора ...

Катализатор для измеризации углеводородов с @ -с @

Способ получения изопрена

Катализатор для оксихлорирования этилена

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON MIT WISMUT MODIFIZIERTEM, SPHAEROIDISCHEM MALACHIT

KATALYSATOR FUER ETHYLENPOLYMERISATION.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Titantrichlorid

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON FLUORIERTEN ALIPHATISCHEN KOHLENWASSERSTOFFVERBINDUNGEN DURCH DISPROPORTIONIERUNG

Auf Aluminiumfluorid basierender Katalysator fuer die Fluorierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen in der Gasphase

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat durch katalytische Oxydation von AEthylen

Feste Katalysatorbestandteile für die Polymerisation

Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,2-Dichloraethan

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Kohlenwasserstoffen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1, 2-Dichlor-tetrafluorcyclopenten-1-on-3

Verfahren zur Dehydrierung organischer Verbindungen

Verfahren zur Herstellung fluorhaltiger aliphatischer Verbindungen

Improvements in or relating to the production of 1,2-dichloroethane

... 1,2-Dichloroethane is prepared by subjecting ethane catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation in the vapour phase at elevated temperature to produce a reaction product containing ethylene and subsequently chlorinating the reaction product by contact with hydrogen chloride and molecular oxygen in the vapour phase at an elevated temperature in the presence of a copper containing catalyst. The catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation stage is preferably vanadium pentoxide or a vanadate of tin, cobalt, chromium, manganese, uranium, tungsten, lead, bismuth or zinc. The copper containing catalyst preferably comprises copper deposited on a support material and may also contain alkali or alkaline earth metals together with iron, rare earth, zirconium or thorium metals. The hydrogen chloride fed to the chlorination reaction may be diluted and/or partially replaced by chlorine and may be derived in part from waste hydrogen chloride produced in the pyrolysis of 1,2-di-chloroethane to vinyl chloride. An ...

PROCESS FOR REGENERATING CHROM-OXYFLUORIDE FLUORINATION CATALYSTS

... 1,253,564. Regeneration of chrom-oxyfluoride catalysts. FARBWERKE HOECHST A.G. 10 April, 1969 [11 April, 1968], No. 18368/69. Heading B1E. [Also in Divisions C1 and C2] In a process for the fluorination of a chlorinated hydrocarbon or perchlorinated hydrocarbon, for example chloroform, hexachloroethane or carbon tetrachloride, with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a chrom-oxyfluoride catalyst, the catalyst is regenerated, as required, by discontinuing the flow of chlorinated or perchlorinated hydrocarbon over the catalyst and passing hydrogen fluoride alone over the catalyst at a temperature of from 100 to 600‹C, for example at the temperature prevailing during fluorination of the chlorinated or perchlorinated hydrocarbon, and at a pressure preferably of from 1 to 10 atmospheres; during regeneration, which may be effected for a period of from 1 to 60 hours, the amount of hydrogen fluoride passed over the catalyst is at least 5 grams of hydrogen fluoride per litre of catalyst per hour ...

Improvements in or relating to desulfurization of heavy petroleum fractions

Petroleum fractions boiling above 650 DEG F. such as reduced crudes and residua or petrolatum are desulphurized by hydrogenating at 300-800 DEG F. and 100-5000 p.s.i. in the presence of stannic chloride, titanium chloride, boron fluoride or a complex of boron fluoride with an alcohol ester, ether or water dissolved in said fraction, the temperature and pressure being such that no substantial cracking occurs. With boron fluoride or its complexes, 1-50 per cent by weight of BF3 based on the feed is preferably used. With the other halides, the amount is generally 2-20 per cent and 1-15 per cent hydrogen halide promoters may be added. The hydrocarbon and catalyst may be fed counter-current to the hydrogen-containing gas, the liquid product being settled, scrubbed, and fractionated to give naphtha, gas and heating oils while the residue may be recycled. Gaseous products may be cooled to condense liquids and in part recycled and purged. The settled solids are treated with chlorine or, in the ...

Method of prolonging the period of activity of cuprous salt catalysts in the synthesis of acrylonitrile

In the synthesis of acrylonitrile from hydrocyanic acid and acetylene in the presence of an aqueous cuprous salt catalyst, the p period of activity of the cuprous salt catalyst, the period of activity of the cuprous salt catalyst is prolonged by contacting the catalyst with a solid surface-active adsorption medium during the synthesis so that by-products are removed from the catalyst by adsorption on said medium. The adsorption medium may be an inorganic substance, e.g. a surface-active earth such as kieselguhr, or active carbon such as animal charcoal or blood charcoal, or it may be an organic substance, e.g. an artificial resin such as an aminoplast or phenoplast. The adsorption may be effected by suspending the adsorption medium in the catalyst in which case the catalyst must be separated from the adsorption medium by filtration when the latter is exhausted, but it is preferred to incorporate the adsorption medium in a special vessel through which at least a part ...

Process for preparing vinyl fluoride and 1,1-difluoroethane

A mixture of b -, g -, and d -AlF3 is prepared by treating AlCl3 with HF and heating the amorphous AlF3 formed at 350-400 DEG C., or by passing anhydrous HF over Al2O3 at 200-500 DEG C. until 0.3-6 moles HF per mole of Al2O3 have reacted. d -AlF3 belongs to space group Oh9-I mcm., has a unit cell parameter a=14-34 <\>rA, a unit cell volume of 29,500 <\>rA, contains 64 mols AlF3 per unit cell, and has a calculated density of 3.025 g./c.c. g -AlF3 is prepared by heating b -AlF3.3H2O at 150-450 DEG C. until water ceases to be evolved. g -AlF3 belongs to the space group D63d-R3c, has unit cell parameters a=5.0 <\>rA and c=12-28 <\>rA and a unit cell volume of 3459 <\>rA3, contains 6 mols per unit cell and has a calculated density of 3.130 gm./c.c. X-ray characteristics of g - and d -AlF3 are given.ALSO:Vinyl fluoride and 1,1-difluorethane are prepared by passing a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and acetylene at 250-400 DEG C. and 0.1-4 atmospheres over beta- or gammaaluminium fluoride catalyst ...

Preparation of vinyl chloride

Vinyl chloride is prepared by cracking saturated hydrocarbons at 1200-1600 DEG C. using a contact time not exceeding 15 secs., separating a fraction containing ethylene and acetylene and treating it with hydrogen chloride produced in a later stage of the process, either at 50-200 DEG C. in the absence of a catalyst or at 50-180 DEG C. in the presence of a mercuric chloride catalyst or 30-100 DEG C. in the presence of a halide of antimony or bismuth in the liquid state, selectively to convert the acetylene to vinyl chloride, separating this from the ethylene, reacting the ethylene with chlorine to obtain ethylene dichloride, converting this by pyrolysis to vinyl chloride and hydrogen chloride, separating the latter, and using it in the hydrochlorinating step. The initial hydrocarbons may be gases or liquids and particularly gaseous paraffins of at least two carbon atoms such as propane although various petroleum fractions are suitable. Inert gases or steam may be added. Regenerative type ...

MANUFACTURE OF 1,1-DIFLUOROETHNE

... 1343001 1,1-Difluoroethane SOLVAY & CIE 10 April 1972 [28 April 1971] 16465/72 Heading C2C 1,1-Difluoroethane is prepared by reacting vinyl chloride with hydrogen fluoride in the vapour phase at a temperature of from 100‹ to 400‹ C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising a vanadium compound supported on active carbon. The catalyst is preferably a halide or oxyhalide of tri-, tetra- or pentavalent vanadium and may be treated with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride gas before reaction.

Catalytic agents

... 553,976. Catalytic agents. FIFE, J. G. (Shell Development Co.). Dec. 1, 1941, No. 15467. [Class 1 (i)] A liquid catalyst of Friedel-Crafts type is made by fusing an aluminium halide with a molecular excess of a metal halide which does not react with it, and then treating with a hydrogen halide to form a complex double compound with the aluminium halide. The metal salt preferably has a boiling point below 300‹ C. A typical example comprises aluminium chloride and antimony trichloride.

Process for preparing perfluoroalkyl iodides

Perfluoroalkyl iodides are obtained by reacting iodine, iodine pentafluoride and tetrafluoroethylene at 0-110 DEG C. in the presence of SbF5,SbF3 or anhydrous SnF2 as catalyst. When the mol. ratio I2: IF5 is at least 2: 1 and the ratio C2F4: IF5 is at least 5: 1, the product is essentially C2F5I; when the above ratios are less than 2: 1 and at least 1: 1 respectively, products of the formula C2F5 (CF2CF2)nI, where n is an integer, are obtained. The amount of catalyst used is usually 0.007-0.2 mol. per mol. of IF5. Specifications 885,007 and 930,758 are referred to.

Improvements relating to the hydrohalogenation of myrcene

Myrcene is reacted with hydrogen chloride or bromide to obtain geranyl, neryl and linalyl halides at from -30 DEG to +50 DEG C. from sub-atmospheric pressure to 100 p.s.i.g. in the presence of the corresponding cupric halide or a cupric compound which forms the halide by reaction with HC1 or HBr, the hydrogen halide being charged at an average rate of 0.01-30 moles per hour per mole of myrcene originally charged, said rate being adjusted so as to maintain a 0-10% concentration of 2-methyl-2-halo-6-methylene-octane-7. Specified cupric compounds are the chloride, bromide, carbonate, oxide, formate, acetate, sulphate, nitrate, oleate, resinate and naphthenate. Specifications 896,262 and 919,321 are referred to.

Catalytic fluorination of organic compounds

Fluorinated and/or fluorochlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are prepared by passing a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon with gaseous hydrofluoric acid and, optionally, chlorine at a temperature of 100 DEG to 500 DEG C. over a catalyst containing thorium fluoride. An inert gas may also be present. The catalyst may be supported, e.g. on active carbon, and may be combined with aluminium and/or chromium fluoride and, optionally, with one or more oxides or basic fluorides of aluminium, chromium or thorium. Examples are given.ALSO:A catalyst for the fluorination of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (see Division C2) comprises thorium fluoride which may be supported on an inert support such as active carbon or may be combined with fluorides of aluminium or chromium and/or one or more oxides or basic fluorides of metals such as chromium, aluminium and thorium. Various methods of preparation are described. The catalyst may be re-activated by heating at a temperature below 600 DEG C. in a light ...

Process for the manufacture of alkyl esters of ªâ-alkoxy-carboxylic acids

The following mixtures are used as catalysts in the preparation of alkyl esters of b -alkoxycarboxylic acids from ketenes and acetals (see Group IV(b)): monofluoro-phosphoric acid (H2 PO3 F) with BF3; difluorophosphoric acid (HPO2F2) with BF3; TiF4 with n-butyl acetate; TiF4 with n-hexyl acetate; TiF4 with 2-ethylbutyl acetate; TiF4 with n-octyl acetate; TiF4 with 2-ethylhexyl acetate; and of H3BO2F2 with BF3 obtained by reacting boric acid anhydride with HF in petroleum ether.ALSO:Alkyl esters of b -alkoxycarboxylic acids are prepared by reacting ketenes with acetals which are not substituted by alkoxy groups at a temperature in the range -50 DEG C. to +150 DEG C., in the presence of a fluoride of an element of Group 4 or 5, the element being in its highest valency state, or of a complex fluoric acid of an element of Group 3-5 or of a mixture of such substances with BF3 at a catalyst concentration of 0.1 to 10% by weight, calculated on the total weight of the reactants, and isolating the ...

Chemical process and catalyst

A gaseous mixture containing nitrogen, methane, oxygen and anhydrous hydrogen chloride is subjected to oxychlorination in the presence of a catalyst comprising KCl and CUCl2 on diatomaceous earth particles. Product comprises CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and CCl4. In another example ethylenedichloride is converted to trichlorethylene and perchloroethylene by use of a similar catalyst.ALSO:A solid particulate catalyst suitable for use in fluidized bed catalytic reactions comprises particles of calcined diatomaceous earth coated with discrete patches of a salt mixture comprising essentially CuCl2 and/or Cu2Cl2 and/or Cu2OCl2 and an alkali metal chloride e.g. NaCl or KCl. The particles and salt mixture may be activated in a fluidized bed by the use of a fluidizing gas containing oxygen and either chlorine, or hydrogen chloride. The particles may contain 3 1/2 -5% clay and 4-10% Al2O3, the remainder being aluminium silicate. Specified particulate materials are pumice, firebrick, "Alundum" (Registered ...

A process for the production of chlorine and catalytic compositions suitable for use therein

Hydrogen chloride and oxygen are passed over catalytic compositions comprising (a) one or more copper chlorides, (b) one or more chlorides of a rare earth metal or metals, the atomic ratio of rare earth metal or metals to copper being at least 0,1:1 and (c) one or more alkali metal chlorides, to produce chlorine. Rare earth metals are defined as the 15 elements having atomic numbers of from 57-71 plus scandium, ythrium, zirconium, thorium and uranium. Preferably component (b) comprises chlorides of didymium, i.e. lanthanium and usodymium with smaller quantities of praseodymium and samarium. Alternatively component (b) may comprise those rare earth metals the highest possible valency of which is lower than 4. The catalytic compositions may be supported on pumice, ceramic or silica gel having a surface area of at least 200 m.2/gm. and pore size of at least 60 . Lithium, sodium and potassium chlorides are specified alkali metal chlorides. Additionally the catalytic compositions may include ...

Oxychlorination of aromatics

In a process for chlorinating benzene, a mixture of benzene, hydrogen chloride and a molecular oxygen-containing gas in vapour phase under oxychlorination conditions is contacted with a catalyst comprising CuCl2, LiCl and a solid inert carrier. Reaction may be effected at 400-750 DEG F. and 0-150 p.s.i.g. Products referred to include monochlorobenzene, and o-, m-, p-dichlorobenzene.ALSO:An oxychlorination catalyst comprises LiCl, CuCl2 deposited on a solid inert carrier, e.g. Al2O3. Additionally the catalyst may be admixed with SiC, graphite or corrosion resistant metals, e.g. Ni, stainless steel or Ta. Conventional preparation techniques are described. Surface areas and bulk densities of carriers are disclosed.

Isomerisation of dichlorobutenes

... 1,4 - Dichlorobutene - 2 and 3,4 - dichlorobutene-1 are isomerized separately or in admixture by contacting with a catalyst solution obtainable by dissolving a cuprous halide in a mixture containing a halide solubilizing agent and a water-miscible organic solvent, the catalyst solution being either immiscible with the dichlorobutene or capable of being rendered immiscible with the dichlorobutene by the addition of water or an organic solvent having only sparing solubility in either the dichlorobutene or in the water-miscible organic solvent. The halide solubilizing agent is a halide salt which when dissolved in water is a solvent for cuprous salts. The water-miscible organic solvent is one which will dissolve at least its own weight of water. After the isomerization, phase separation is preferably brought about by the addition of water or a sparingly soluble organic solvent as described above. The separated dichlorobutenes may then be separated into the isomers by distillation.ALSO:A catalyst ...

Improved process for the production of polymeric materials

A low-temperature polymerization catalyst comprises a double salt of a Friedel-Crafts metal with a halogen acid and an organic acid. It may be prepared by treating the metallic halide with the organic acid and boiling out hydrogen halide. Suitable organic acids are formic, acetic, propionic and the enolic form of acetyl acetone. Any Friedel-Crafts metal, particularly aluminium and titanium may be used. The Specification includes examples of the polymerization of isobutylene, styrene, a mixture of isobutylene with 1 per cent of isoprene and vinyl acetate.

Process for the manufacture of vinyl chloride and 1:2-dichloroethane

... 1,129,216. Vinyl chloride and 1,2-dichloroethane. SOLVAY ET CIE. 5 May, 1967 [20 May, 1966], No. 21023/67. Heading C2C. Vinyl chloride and 1,2-diohloro-ethane are prepared by a process which comprises heating in a reaction zone a gaseous mixture comprising acetylene, ethylene, hydrogen chloride, chlorine and inert gases, the latter being present in the proportion of at least 40% by volume of the mixture and the molar ratio of chlorine/ethylene being in the range 0À90 : 1 to 1À05 : 1, at a temperature in the range 100‹ to 180‹ C. in the presence of a catalyst based on metallic chlorides, the active metal element of the catalyst being less than 5% by weight of the catalyst, and recovering vinyl chloride and 1,2-dichloroethane from the exit gases from the reaction zone. The catalyst may be supported on silica, alumina or activated charcoal, silica being preferred. The use of superatmospheric pressure is preferred.

Process for the production of organic acids and the esters thereof

Monocarboxylic aliphatic acids and esters thereof are produced from monohydric aliphatic alcohols containing one carbon atom less per molecule than the acid formed by reacting the alcohols with carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide-containing gas under pressure and at elevated temperature in the presence of catalysts consisting of at least one silver halide or of silver or at least one silver halide in the presence of at least one other metal halide. Preferably the other metal halides used are those of the alkalie earth metals or of heavy metals, e.g. potassium iodide and nickel chloride. Carbon monoxide may be used in a mixture with hydrogen or with small quantities of carbon dioxide. The reaction may be carried out at such a temperature that the starting materials and the products are in the gaseous phase and in this case the catalyst should be applied to a carrier, e.g. activated charcoal, copper or the like. Normally certain quantities of ethers and esters are obtained in addition to the ...

Isomerization of acyclic terpene derivatives

Cis- and trans-ocimene and allo-dihydro-myrcene are made by the isomerization of myrcene and dihydromyrcene by contact with a catalytic amount of Rh, Ir, or a trihalide thereof, vat 60-165 DEG C. in the presence of HCl and optionally in the presence of an antioxidant. A catalytic amount is defined as 0.004-15% by wt. catalyst based on terpene. The catalyst may be supported on an inert carrier. The HCl may be added in the gaseous or aqueous form or may be contained in the catalyst as a result of an acid pre-treatment thereof. Specified antioxidants are 2, 6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-anisole, hydroquinone, the methyl ether thereof, and t-butyl-catechol. The process yields a mixture of the cis- and transisomers which may be separated by vapour phase chromatography.ALSO:Cis- and trans-ocimene, ocimenol, ocimenyl acylates, allo-dihydromyrcene, allo-dihydromyrcenol and allo-dihydromyrcenyl acylates, wherein the acyl group contains up to 4 carbon atoms, are prepared by isomerization ...

Corrosion reduction

Corrosion of nickel or nickel base alloy such as used as linings of reactor vessels in which isomerization of normal paraffins for petrol is carried out, in contact with a liquid comprising aluminium and antimony halides, e.g. a catalyst melt at -15 to 260 DEG C. comprising 2-30% Al Cl3 and 70-98% Sb Cl3 preferably saturated with HCl, is inhibited by adding metallic aluminium, e.g. as powder, granules or turnings admixed with a liquid or vaporous carrier such as oil, to the liquid. Preferably the amount of aluminium added to 0.005-2% by weight of the halides. The addition may be effected at least partly to the reaction zone or the catalyst regeneration zone. The process may be applied to the conversion of other hydrocarbons or feedstocks containing them wherein the catalyst comprises at least one Al Cl3/hydrocarbon complex and at least 0.5% Sb Cl3. Examples of nickel alloys are:- (a) 73.6% Ni + Co (Co max. 1%), 16% Cr, 7.6% Fe, 2.3% Nb + Ta, balance impurities of C, Mn, S, Si, Cu; (b) 60% ...

CATALYTIC PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PYRIDINE OR METHYLPYRIDINES

... 1,222,971. Pyridines. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 26 April, 1968 [6 Oct., 1967 (2); 9 Nov., 1967; 17 Jan., 1968 (2)], Nos. 45694/67, 45695/67, 51106/67, 2533/68 and 2534/68. Heading C2C. [Also in Division B1] Pyridine and/or 3-methyl pyridine is produced by reacting ammonia in the vapour phase at elevated temperature with acrolein as the sole aldehyde reactant in the presence of molecular oxygen and a catalyst comprising silica and/or alumina impregnated with an inorganic fluoride. Suitable fluorides are hydrogen fluoride, ammonium fluoride, zinc fluoride, lead fluoride and alkali metal fluorides. In addition to the fluoride the catalyst may contain one or more oxides of magnesium, zirconium, zinc, thorium, copper, iron, cobalt, titanium, lead, cadmium, silver or chromium. Diluent gases, e.g. nitrogen, steam, benzene and methanol.

FLUIDIZED BED OXYCHLORINATION AND CATALYST COMPOSITION THEREFORE

... 1280667 Oxychlorination catalyst STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO 6 Oct 1969 [31 Oct 1968] 48904/69 Heading B1E [Also in Division C2] A catalyst composition comprises (i) 0.5 to 15 wt% CuCl 2 , (ii) 0.1 to 10 wt% KCl or NaCl, (iii) 0.1 to 12 wt% DiCl 3 (didymium chloride) and (iv) 0.2 to 6 wt% LaCl 3 (in addition to any La in the didymium) impregnated in a porous material having a surface area of 1 to 30 m2/gm and a porosity of 0.2 to 0.45 cc/gm. The catalyst suitably also contains 0.1 to 2 wt% MgCl 2 . Preferred supports are alpha-alumina, silica-alumina and mixtures thereof, suitably having a particle size of 20 to 200 microns, the aluminas and silica-aluminas specified containing a small proportion of ferric oxide and sodium oxide. Other carriers specified are silica gel, pumice, fullers earth and diatomaceous earth.

Process for the continuous manufacture of aldehydes and ketones

A catalyst for use in the oxidation of olefines to aldehydes and ketones consists of an aqueous solution comprising a compound of a metal of the platinum group and a salt of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel or copper. After separation of the product and unchanged hydrocarbon the catalyst is generated by an oxidizing treatment comprising anodic oxidation or treatment with ozone, a halogen or a peroxidic compound. The regeneration process is preferably carried out in conjunction with a treatment with oxygen, air, or other gaseous mixture containing oxygen. In the examples catalysts consisting of aqueous solutions of the following mixtures are used; (a) PdCl2, FeCl3, CuCl2 . 2M2O, cupric acetate and hydrochloric acid; (b) PdCl2, CuCl2 . 2M2O and cupric acetate; (c) CuCl2 . 2H2O and PdCl2; and (d) Fe2(SO4)3 . 9H2O, PdCl2 and sulphuri acid.ALSO:Aldehydes and ketones are produced by reacting an olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon with an aqueous catalyst solution containing ...

Process for the manufacture of aldehydes and ketones

A catalyst for use in the oxidation of olefines to aldehydes and ketones consists of an acid to neutral aqueous solution containing a compound of a metal of the platinum group and a salt of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel or copper. Sutiable platinum group metal compounds are halides, sulphates or acetates. Preferably the platinium metal compound is present in an amount of 2 to 20 gms/litre and a larger proportion of the other metal salt is present. After separation of the products and unchanged olefine the residual catalyst solution is treated with oxygen and a compound of oxygen and nitrogen, e.g. nitric acid or oxides of nitrogen, and the regenerated catalyst solution may then be recycled. Preferably the regeneration is carried out at a temperature of 50-170 DEG C. and a pressure of 1-50 atm. gauge. Examples are given of the use of aqueous catalysts containing (a) palladium chloride, ferric sulphate, cupric chloride and sulphuric acid; and (b) palladium chloride, ...

Process for oxidizing olefines to aldehydes, ketones and acids

A catalyst for the oxidation of olefinic hydrocarbons in neutral to acid medium comprises a salt of palladium, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium or platinum and a redox system. Suitable redox systems are compounds of metals which under the reaction conditions may occur in various oxidation stages such as compounds of copper, mercury, cerium, thallium, tin, lead, titanium, vanadium, antimony, chromium, molybdenum, uranium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel or osmium; other inorganic systems such as sulphite/sulphate, arsenite/arsenate or iodide/iodine systems; or organic redox systems such as azobenzene/hydrazobenzene or quinones or hydroquinones of the benzene, anthracene or phenanthrene series. The process may be carried out in solution or using a solid catalyst which may be supported on silica gel, pumice, alumina or coal. Alternatively the catalyst may be used as a slime in water or an aqueous solvent, e.g. aqueous acetic acid, glycol, glycerol or dioxane. A slime catalyst may be regenerated ...

Improvements in catalysts for the preparation of trans 1,4-polyisoprene (synthetic balata) and methods for their preparation and use

Trans-1 : 4-polyisoprene is prepared from isoprene in presence of a solvent, using a catalyst composed of a finely-divided inert support, of surface area 3-50 M2/gm., coated with a layer of AlR3-VCl3 reaction product (R=alkyl) to an average thickness corresponding to 5-100 mg./M2 of VCl3. The catalyst is prepared by reducing VCl4 in a liquid hydrocarbon suspension of the support, removing the solvent and thereafter contacting the supported VCl3 with AlR3. The reduction is preferably effected by heating at 50 DEG -200 DEG C. while agitating the suspension until the VCl4 decomposes; alternatively, the suspension may be exposed to ultra-violet or visible radiation, or the support may be tumbled in a closed container at 100-160 DEG C. while passing through it an inert gas carrying VCl4 vapour. Kaolin and TiO2 are the preferred supports; others listed are SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, ZrO2, talc, calcium silicate, BaSO4, SrSO4 and CaSO4. In specified trialkyls, R=ethyl, isobutyl or dodecyl. Specification ...

Improvements in or relating to the purification of titanium trichloride

Titanium trichloride initially purified by washing with an inert aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g. n-heptane, is further purified by refluxing or agitating with 1-50 mole per cent (based on titanium trichloride) of triphenyl phosphine together with an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon for approximately one hour at a temperature not exceeding 100 DEG C. The precipitate is then suction filtered and washed again with an inert hydrocarbon, e.g. n-heptane. The purified titanium trichloride is subsequently used in conjunction with an organic aluminium compound as a catalyst for a -olefin polymerization.

Improvements in or relating to the purification of titanium trichloride

Titanium trichloride initially purified by washing with an inert aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g. n-heptane, is further purified by refluxing or agitating with 1-50 mole per cent of an aliphatic amine or a heterocyclic basic nitrogen containing compound together with an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon for approximately one hour at a temperature not exceeding 100 DEG C. The preciptate is then suction filtered and washed again with an inert hydrocarbon, e.g. n-heptane. Specified aliphatic or heterocyclic basic nitrogen containing compounds or pyridene, quinoline, iso-quinoline, amylamine, trimethylamine or n-butylamine. The purified titanium trichloride is subsequently used in conjunction with an organic aluminium compound as a catalyst for a -olefine polymerization.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE PARTICLE SIZE OF MATERIALS DURING CONDENSATION OR DESUBLIMATION

... 1337117 Desubliming TiCl 3 DART INDUSTRIES Inc 23 Nov 1970 [12 Dec 1969J 55620/70 Heading C1A [Also in Division B1] Particles of titanium trichloride are obtained by condensing the vapour into the solid state (desublimation), the size of TiCl 3 particles desublimed in desublimer 16 being controllably increased by intermittently injecting inert gas alternately through conduits 33A, 33B into the desublimer 16 to buoy up the TiCl 3 particles already formed so that they mix with TiCl 3 gas coming into the desublimer 16 through port 23. Further TiCl 3 thus desublimes on to these particles. The steam fed through port 23 is a mixture of gaseous TiCl 3 , TiCl 4 and N 2 formed in reactor 13 from TiCl 4 in a N 2 stream and sponge titanium. Gas not desublimed leaves desublimer 16 via filters 31. The gas introduced through conduits 33A and 33B may be N 2 , A, He or TiCl 4 and may be controlled by solenoid valves with an automatic timer.

Production and use of alkylation catalysts

Metallic aluminium is reacted, e.g. at 65-75 DEG C., with a hydrogen halide in a hydrocarbon medium, preferably benzene or a saturated acyclic or alicyclic C5-C8 hydrocarbon, and the halide is separated from the hydrocarbon. The halide is then reacted with an olefine and an aromatic hydrocarbon, preferably at 55-75 DEG C., to form the organo-aluminium halide complex for the Friedel-Crafts reaction. A small amount of hydrogen halide promoter may be introduced with the olefine.ALSO:In a Friedel-Crafts reaction for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons, the catalyst is prepared by reacting aluminium with hydrogen halide in a hydrocarbon medium, separating the halide and reacting the halide with an aromatic hydrocarbon and an olefin to form an organo-aluminium halide complex.

DISPERSION AND STABILIZATION OF REACTIVE HALOGEN ATOMS ON THE SURFACE OF METALLIC OXIDES

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CATALYST FOR THE DISTANCE OF NITROGEN OXIDES FROM EXHAUST GASES.

Procedure for the production of organic isocyanates

Procedure for the production of 2-Chlorbuten (2)

DEHYDROGENATION

DEHYDROGENTION METHOD

PREPARATION OF ACROLEIN

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ACTIVATED TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE-ALUMINUM TRICHLORIDE

CATALYTIC COMPOSITION FOR THE CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBONS

PREPARATION OF BISMUTH-MODIFIED SPHEROIDAL MALACHITE

HYDROCARBON ISOMERIZATION CATALYSTS AND PROCEDURES FOR THE PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF

RHODIUM BASED CATALYSTS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 1,4-DIENES

PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF ANTIMONY PENTACHLORIDE FROM CATALYST SOLUTIONS

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IONIC LIQUID CATALYSTS

A method for manufacturing ionic liquid compositions by use of a two-step process which includes the contacting, under first reaction conditions, an mine compound with a hydrogen halide that is preferably in the gaseous form to provide a first reaction mixture. The first reaction mixture is then contacted, under second reaction conditions, with a metal halide compound to form the ionic liquid end-product.

DISPERSION AND STABILIZATION OF REACTIVE ATOMS ON THE SURFACE OF METAL OXIDES

Particulate metal oxide compositions having reactive atoms stabilized on particulate surfaces and methods for reacting the compositions with saturated and unsaturated species are provided. The preferred particulate metal oxides of the compositions are nanocrystalline MgO and CaO with an average crystallite size of up to about 20 nm. The preferred reactive atoms of the compositions are atoms of the halogens and Group I metals. In one embodiment, chlorine atoms are stabilized on the surface of nanocrystalline MgO thus forming a composition which is capable of halogenating compounds, both saturated and unsaturated, in the absence of UV light and elevated reaction temperatures.

PROCESS FOR MANAGING SULPHUR SPECIES

This disclosure relates to a method of managing a sulphur-containing species from a sour liquid, the method comprising: providing a sour liquid comprising sulphur-containing species; introducing a halogen-based catalyst to the sour liquid, the halogen-based catalyst being complexed with a second species; introducing an oxidant to the sour liquid; and reacting the sulphur-containing species, the halogen-based catalyst and the oxidant. The second species may be an ethoxylate or propoxylate species. The disclosure also relates to a composition comprising a sour liquid, a hydrogen-based catalyst complexed with a second species, and an oxidant, a use of a halogen-based catalyst that is complexed with a second species for the treatment of a sulphur-containing species in a sour liquid, and a composition containing a halogen-based catalyst that is complexed with a second species in a suitable carrier for use in the treatment of a sulphur-containing species in a sour liquid.

PARAFFIN ALKYLATION CATALYST

Catalyseur à base de silice et d'acide sulfurique et son utilisation en alkylation calalytique d'isobulane et/ou d'isopentane en présence d'au moins une oléfine comportant de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone par molécule.

Accouplement magnétique.

Procédé pour la préparation d'halogénures de vinyle.

Procédé de polymérisation de composés organiques en présence de chlorure d'aluminium comme catalyseur.

Verfahren zum Chlorieren von Phthalsäureanhydrid bzw. von teilweise chloriertem Phthalsäureanhydrid.

Procédé de préparation d'un acide polycarboxylique aromatique

Procédé pour la préparation d'halogénures de vinyle.

Procédé de préparation de produits contenant une substance à action catalytique ou une substance apte à engendrer, par chauffage, une substance à action catalytique.

Verfahren zur Reinigung und zur Verlängerung der Wirkungsdauer von Cuprosalzkatalysatoren bei der Herstellung von Acrylsäurenitril.

Verfahren zur Reinigung von Titantrichlorid

Katalysator, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung desselben zur Herstellung eines Vinylhalogenides

Procédé de préparation de chlorure de vinyle

Verfahren zur Verlängerung der Wirkungsdauer von Cuprosalzkatalysatoren bei der Herstellung von Acrylsäurenitril.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von B-Alkoxy-carbonsäureestern

Procédé de chloruration en phase gazeuse d'hydrocarbures aliphatiques

Procédé de fabrication de perchloréthylène et de trichloréthylène

Verfahren zur Bildung von Carbonylgruppen in organischen Verbindungen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Carbonylverbindungen

Procédé de chloruration d'hydrocarbures aliphatiques

Procédé de chloruration d'hydrocarbures aliphatiques

Verfahren zur Herstellung von a,a-Dialkyl-alkancarbonsäuren

Procédé de préparation de 1,2-dichloréthane

Procédé d'hydrofluoruration d'hydrocarbures acétyléniques

Procédé de préparation de 1,2-dichloréthane

Verfahren zur Herstellung von organischen Stickstoffverbindungen

Verfahren zur Fluorierung organischer Verbindungen

Procédé de préparation de chlorures d'hydrocarbures non saturés

Verfahren zur Halogenisierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen

Verfahren zur Reinigung von Kohlenwasserstoffen durch Sorption

Procédé de préparation de chlorures d'hydrocarbures

Verfahren zur Herstellung ungesättigter Ester

Beständiger pulverförmiger Katalysator zum Bleichen mittels Perverbindungen, dessen Verwendung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Procédé pour la fabrication de mélanges contenant du chlorure de vinyle et du 1,2-dichloréthane

Procédé de fabrication d'hydrocarbures chlorés

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Allylchlorid und seinen Monomethylsubstitutionsprodukten

BISMUTH OXYHALIDE COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS PHOTOCATALYSTS

Mixed chloride-bromide bismuth oxyhalide compounds, with the molar ratio chloride:bromide being equal to or greater than 1:1, in the form of microspheres exhibiting flower-like surface morphology, are disclosed. Processes for preparing the compounds, formulations of the compounds and a method for purifying water using said compounds are also disclosed. 1) Mixed chloride-bromide bismuth oxyhalide compounds , with the molar ratio chloride:bromide being equal to or greater than 1:1 , in the form of microspheres exhibiting flower-like surface morphology , said microspheres being characterized by the presence of individual thin sheets arranged radially in a petal-like manner , wherein two or more adjacent individual thin sheets are interconnected to form cells or channels which open onto the external surface of said microspheres.2) The mixed chloride-bromide bismuth oxyhalides according to having the formula BiOClBri claim 1 , wherein y is between 0.60 and 0.95.3) The mixed chloride-bromide bismuth oxyhalide compounds according to claim 2 , wherein y is between 0.70 and 0.95.4) A process for preparing mixed chloride-bromide bismuth oxyhalides claim 2 , comprising combining a bismuth source claim 2 , a chloride source and a bromide source in an acidic environment claim 2 , wherein the molar ratio chloride:bromide is equal to or greater than 1:1 claim 2 , forming a precipitate and collecting the solid thereby formed.5) A process according to claim 4 , wherein the pH of the acidic environment is less than 3.6) A process according to claim 4 , wherein the acidic environment is provided by means of an organic acid claim 4 , or an aqueous solution of an organic acid.7) A process according to claim 4 , comprising charging a reaction vessel with an acid claim 4 , dissolving the bismuth source in the acidic environment claim 4 , adding the chloride and bromide sources to the solution claim 4 , precipitating a product of the formula BiOClBriwherein y is from 0.6 and 0.95 claim 4 , ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE

The present invention relates, at least in part, to a process for making chlorotrifluoroethylene (CFO-1113) from 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a). In certain aspects, the process includes dehydrochlorinating 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides; (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides; (iii) one or more zero-valent metals or metal alloys; (iv) combinations thereof. 1. A process for producing chlorotrifluoroethylene (CFO-1113) comprising:dehydrochlorinating 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides; (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides; (iii) one or more zero-valent metals or metal alloys; (iv) combinations thereof to produce a reaction product comprising CFO-1113.2. The process of wherein the conversion of HCFC-123a is at least about 5 wt. %.3. The process of wherein a selectivity to chlorotrifluoroethylene is at least about 70 wt. %.4. The process of wherein said reaction product comprises less than about 10 wt. % of CFO-1112.5. The process of wherein the dehydrochlorinating step is conducted at a temperature greater than about 400° C.6. The process of wherein a substantial portion of the dehydrochlorinating step is carried out at a temperature of from about 480° C. to about 550° C.7. The process of wherein catalyst comprises a mono-valent metal halide claim 1 , a bi-valent metal halide claim 1 , a tri-valent metal halide claim 1 , or a combination thereof.8. The process of wherein catalyst comprises a mono-valent metal halide claim 1 , a bi-valent metal halide or a combination thereof.9. The process of wherein the catalyst comprises at least one metal halide wherein the component metal is selected from the group consisting of Cr claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Ca claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Li claim 1 , Na claim ...

Process for Manufacture of 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-Chloroethane

The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds and derivatives thereof, in particular of fluorobenzenes and derivatives thereof, and especially wherein said manufacture relates to an environmentally friendly production of the said compounds. Thus, the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art processes, and in a surprisingly simple and beneficial manner, and as compared to the prior art processes, in particular, the invention provides a more efficient and energy saving processes, and also provides a more environmentally friendly process, for the manufacture of nuclear fluorinated aromatics, and preferably of nuclear fluorinated fluorobenzenes. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, an industrially beneficial process for preparing fluorobenzenes from halobenzene precursors using HF to form hydrogen halide is provided by the present invention. A beneficial and surprisingly simple use of chlorobenzene as an industrially interesting starting material in the manufacture of fluorobenzene is provided. 1. A process for the manufacture of HCFC-133a (1 ,1 ,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane) comprising the steps of:(a) providing TRI (trichloroethylene) as a starting material;(b) providing HF (hydrogen fluoride) and a catalyst, preferably a halogenation promoting catalyst, more preferably fluorination promoting catalyst;(c) mixing the TRI of (a) with the HF and the said catalyst of (b); flow rate: of from about 10 ml/h up to about 400 l/h;', 'temperature: of from about 30° C. up to about 150° C.;', 'pressure: of from about 5 bar up to about 50 bar;', 'residence time: of from about 1 second up to about 60 minutes;, 'wherein the continuous flow reactor is a microreactor and the mixture obtained in (c) is fed into the microreactor under one or more of the following conditions, '(d) feeding the mixture obtained in (c) into at least one continuous flow reactor with upper lateral dimensions of about ≤5 mm, and therein carrying ...

Process for the Manufacture of Trifluoroethylamine

The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds and derivatives thereof, in particular of fluorobenzenes and derivatives thereof, and especially wherein said manufacture relates to an environmentally friendly production of the said compounds. Thus, the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art processes, and in a surprisingly simple and beneficial manner, and as compared to the prior art processes, in particular, the invention provides a more efficient and energy saving processes, and also provides a more environmentally friendly process, for the manufacture of nuclear fluorinated aromatics, and preferably of nuclear fluorinated fluorobenzenes. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, an industrially beneficial process for preparing fluorobenzenes from halobenzene precursors using HF to form hydrogen halide is provided by the present invention. A beneficial and surprisingly simple use of chlorobenzene as an industrially interesting starting material in the manufacture of fluorobenzene is provided.

Catalysts For Making Acrylic Acid From Lactic Acid Or Its Derivatives In Liquid Phase

Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided. 1. A molten salt catalyst comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid; wherein said IL has a bromide anion (Br); wherein said acid is soluble in said IL and selected from the group consisting of Lewis acid , Brønsted acid , and mixtures thereof; wherein said Lewis acid is selected from the group consisting of CaBr , MgBr , AlBr , CuBr , and mixtures thereof; and wherein said Brønsted acid has a pKless than about 5 in water at 25° C.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said IL has a phosphonium cation.3. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein said phosphonium cation is selected from the group consisting of alkyl substituted phosphonium claim 2 , aryl substituted phosphonium claim 2 , mixed alkyl aryl substituted phosphonium claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.4. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein said IL is tetrabutylphosphonium bromide ([PBu]Br).5. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein said IL is ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide ([EtPPh]Br).6. The catalyst of claim 4 , wherein said Brønsted acid is pyrophosphoric acid (HPO).7. The catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the molar ratio of said [PBu]Br to said HPOis between about 1 and about 30.8. The catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the molar ratio of said [PBu]Br to said HPOis about 4.75.9. The catalyst of claim 4 , wherein said Brønsted acid is hydrobromic acid (HBr).10. The catalyst of claim 9 , wherein the molar ratio of said [PBu]Br to said HBr is between about 1 and about 20.11. The catalyst of claim 10 , wherein the molar ratio of said [PBu]Br to said HBr is between about 2 and about 5.12. The catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the molar ratio of said [PBu]Br to said HBr is about 4.75.13. The catalyst of claim 5 , wherein said Brønsted acid is hydrobromic acid (HBr).14. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the molar ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE

The present invention relates, at least in part, to a process for making chlorotrifluoroethylene (CFO-1113) from 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a). In certain aspects, the process includes dehydrochlorinating 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides; (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides; (iii) one or more zero-valent metals or metal alloys; (iv) combinations thereof. 1. A process for producing chlorotrifluoroethylene (CFO-1113) comprising: dehydrochlorinating 1 ,2-dichloro-1 ,1 ,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides; (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides; (iii) one or more zero-valent metals or metal alloys; (iv) combinations thereof to produce a reaction product comprising CFO-1113.2. The process of wherein the conversion of HCFC-123a is at least about 5 wt. % claim 1 , the selectivity to chlorotrifluoroethylene is at least about 70 wt. % claim 1 , and said reaction product comprises less than about 10 wt. % of CFO-1112.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The process of wherein a substantial portion of the dehydrochlorinating step is carried out at a temperature of from about 480° C. to about 550° C.7. The process of wherein catalyst comprises a mono-valent metal halide claim 1 , a bi-valent metal halide claim 1 , a tri-valent metal halide claim 1 , or a combination thereof.8. The process of wherein catalyst comprises a mono-valent metal halide claim 1 , a bi-valent metal halide or a combination thereof.9. The process of wherein the catalyst comprises at least one metal halide wherein the component metal is selected from the group consisting of Cr claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Ca claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Li claim 1 , Na claim 1 , K claim 1 , and Cs claim 1 , and the component halogen is selected from the group ...

CATALYSTS AND METHODS FOR ALCOHOL DEHYDRATION

Provided is a method for preparing a diaryl ether compound through the dehydration of an aromatic alcohol compound in the presence of a halogenated rare earth element oxide catalyst, wherein the used dehydration catalyst may be regenerated by a halogenation step. The rare earth element oxide is an oxide of a light rare earth element, an oxide of a medium rare earth element, an oxide of a heavy rare earth element, an oxide of yttrium, or a mixtures of two or more thereof. 1. A method for preparing a diaryl ether compound , the method comprising:providing a reaction vessel having loaded therein a dehydration catalyst comprising a halogenated rare earth element oxide;dehydrating an aromatic alcohol compound over the dehydration catalyst to form a diaryl ether compound; andregenerating the dehydration catalyst by halogenating it with a halogen source.2. The method of wherein the dehydration catalyst is further regenerated through an oxidative treatment step by being heated at elevated temperature in the presence of a gas containing oxygen.3. The method of wherein the halogen source provides chlorine atoms or fluorine atoms.4. The method of wherein the rare earth element oxide is an oxide of a light rare earth element claim 1 , an oxide of a medium rare earth element claim 1 , an oxide of a heavy rare earth element claim 1 , an oxide of yttrium claim 1 , or mixtures of two or more thereof.5. The method of wherein the rare earth element oxide is an oxide of lanthanum claim 1 , praseodymium claim 1 , neodymium claim 1 , samarium claim 1 , europium claim 1 , gadolinium claim 1 , terbium claim 1 , dysprosium claim 1 , holmium claim 1 , erbium claim 1 , thulium claim 1 , ytterbium claim 1 , lutetium claim 1 , yttrium claim 1 , or mixtures of two or more thereof.6. The method of wherein the rare earth element oxide is an oxide of yttrium.7. The method of wherein the dehydration of the aromatic alcohol compound is conducted at a temperature from 200 to 800° C.8. The method of ...

PROCESS FOR MANAGING SULPHUR SPECIES

This disclosure relates to a method of managing a sulphur-containing species from a sour liquid, the method comprising: providing a sour liquid comprising sulphur-containing species; introducing a halogen-based catalyst to the sour liquid, the halogen-based catalyst being complexed with a second species; introducing an oxidant to the sour liquid; and reacting the sulphur-containing species, the halogen-based catalyst and the oxidant. The second species may be an ethoxylate or propoxylate species. The disclosure also relates to a composition comprising a sour liquid, a hydrogen-based catalyst complexed with a second species, and an oxidant, a use of a halogen-based catalyst that is complexed with a second species for the treatment of a sulphur-containing species in a sour liquid, and a composition containing a halogen-based catalyst that is complexed with a second species in a suitable carrier for use in the treatment of a sulphur-containing species in a sour liquid. 1. A method of removing a sulphur-containing species from a sour liquid , said method comprising:(a) providing a sour liquid comprising sulphur-containing species;(b) introducing a halogen-based catalyst to the sour liquid, the halogen-based catalyst being complexed with a second species;(c) introducing an oxidant to the sour liquid; and(d) reacting the sulphur-containing species, the halogen-based catalyst and the oxidant.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing a surfactant to the sour liquid to control the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the sour liquid.3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sulphur-containing species is a thiol species.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the thiol species is hydrogen sulphide claim 4 , an alkyl-thiol claim 4 , an aryl-thiol claim 4 , a substituted-alkyl-thiol claim 4 , or a substituted-aryl-thiol.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second species is an ethoxylate species claim 1 , propoxylate species claim 1 , or a combination ...

New Process for the Manufacture of 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-Chloroethaneand/or Trifluoroethylamine

The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds and derivatives thereof, in particular of fluorobenzenes and derivatives thereof, and especially wherein said manufacture relates to an environmentally friendly production of the said compounds. Thus, the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art processes, and in a surprisingly simple and beneficial manner, and as compared to the prior art processes, in particular, the invention provides a more efficient and energy saving processes, and also provides a more environmentally friendly process, for the manufacture of nuclear fluorinated aromatics, and preferably of nuclear fluorinated fluorobenzenes. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, an industrially beneficial process for preparing fluorobenzenes from halobenzene precursors using HF to form hydrogen halide is provided by the present invention. A beneficial and surprisingly simple use of chlorobenzene as an industrially interesting starting material in the manufacture of fluorobenzene is provided. 1. A process for the manufacture of TFEA (trifluoroethylamine)comprising the steps of:(a) providing HCFC-133a(1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane) as a starting material or intermediate material;{'sub': '3', '(b) providing NH(ammonia) and a catalyst and/or a base;'}(c) mixing the HCFC-133a of (a) with the HF and the catalyst of (b);{'sub': '3', 'claim-text': flow rate: of from about 10 ml/h up to about 400 l/h;', 'temperature: of from about 30° C. up to about 150° C.;', 'pressure: of from about 5 bar up to about 50 bar;', 'residence time: of from about 1 second, preferably from about 1 minute, up to about 60 minutes;, 'preferably into at least one microreactor under one or more of the following conditions, '(d) feeding the mixture obtained in (c) into at least one continuous flow reactor with upper lateral dimensions of about <4 mm, preferably into at least one microreactor, and therein carrying out the reaction of ...

PHOTOCATALYSTS BASED ON BISMUTH OXYHALIDE, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND USES THEREOF

The invention provides a process for the preparation of bismuth oxyhalide, comprising a precipitation of bismuth oxyhalide in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a reducing agent. Also provided are bismuth oxyhalide compounds doped with elemental bismuth B, The use of Bidoped bismuth oxyhalide as photocatalysts in water purification is also described. 1) A process for the preparation of bismuth oxyhalide , comprising a precipitation of bismuth oxyhalide in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a reducing agent.2) A process according to claim 1 , comprising combining at least one bismuth salt and at least one halide source in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a reducing agent claim 1 , and isolating a precipitate formed.3) A process according to claim 2 , wherein the halide source is an organic halide salt.4) A process according to claim 3 , wherein the organic halide salt is selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts represented by the formulas N+RRRRCl claim 3 , N+RRRRBr and their mixture claim 3 , wherein R claim 3 , R claim 3 , Rand Rare alkyl groups claim 3 , which may be the same or different.5) A process according to claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent comprises hydride.6) A process according to claim 5 , wherein the reducing agent is borohydride.7) A process according to claim 1 , wherein the acidic aqueous medium comprises an organic acid.8) A process according to claim 1 , wherein the bismuth oxyhalide is selected from the group consisting of BiOCl claim 1 , BiOBr and BiOClBrwherein y is in the range from 0.5 to 0.95.9) A process according to claim 8 , wherein the bismuth oxyhalide is BiOClBrwherein y is in the range from 0.6 to 0.95.10) A process according to claim 1 , wherein the so-formed bismuth oxyhalide is doped with elemental bismuth Bi.11) A process according to claim 10 , wherein the bismuth oxyhalide is selected from the group consisting of:){'sup': '(0)', 'Bidoped-BiOCl;'}{'sup': '(0)', 'Bidoped-BiOBr ...

KITS COMPRISING CONTAINERS WITH AT LEAST ONE SOLID CATALYTICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUND, AND THEIR USES IN SOLID STATE REACTION

Subject matter of the present invention are kits comprising containers with at least one solid catalytically active compound, their uses in processes for simulating and predicting the transformation of a compound that is preferably a solid active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), preferably an API in combination with an excipient, in a shortened time span, into the respective degradation product(s). 1. Kit comprising the following components:Container comprising a catalyst that is 3-15% (w/w) sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid absorbed on silica gel 60 (70-230 mesh), preferably 3-10% (w/w) sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid absorbed on silica gel, more preferably about 5% (w/w) sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid on silica gel, and/orContainer comprising a catalyst that is 3-15% (w/w) KOH or NaOH absorbed on silica gel or alox, preferably 3-10% (w/w) KOH or NaOH absorbed on silica gel or alox, more preferably about 5% (w/w) KOH or NaOH on silica gel or alox, and{'sub': 4', '4', '4, 'Container comprising a catalyst that is 3-15% (w/w) KMnOabsorbed on silica gel or alox, preferably 3-10% (w/w) KMnOabsorbed on silica gel or alox, more preferably about 5% (w/w) KMnOon silica gel or alox, and'}Optionally a container comprising a neutral catalyst that is pure silica gel 60 (70-230 mesh) or that is pure alox.2. Kit according to comprising the following components:Container comprising a catalyst that is 3-15% (w/w) sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid absorbed on silica gel 60 (70-230 mesh), preferably 3-10% (w/w) sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid absorbed on silica gel, more preferably about 5% (w/w) sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid on silica gel, andContainer comprising a catalyst that is 3-15% (w/w) KOH or NaOH absorbed on silica gel or alox, preferably 3-10% (w/w) KOH or NaOH absorbed on silica gel or alox, more preferably about 5% (w/w) KOH or NaOH on silica gel or alox, and{'sub': 4', '4', '4, 'Container comprising a catalyst that is 3-15% (w/w) ...

MERCURY REMOVAL SORBENTS

Sorbents and methods of using them for removing mercury from flue gases over a wide range of temperatures are disclosed. Sorbent materials of this invention comprise oxy- or hydroxyl-halogen (chlorides and bromides) of manganese, copper and calcium as the active phase for Hgoxidation, and are dispersed on a high surface porous supports. In addition to the powder activated carbons (PACs), this support material can be comprised of commercial ceramic supports such as silica (SiO), alumina (AlO), zeolites and clays. The support material may also comprise of oxides of various metals such as iron, manganese, and calcium. The non-carbon sorbents of the invention can be easily injected into the flue gas and recovered in the Particulate Control Device (PCD) along with the fly ash without altering the properties of the by-product fly ash enabling its use as a cement additive. Sorbent materials of this invention effectively remove both elemental and oxidized forms of mercury from flue gases and can be used at elevated temperatures. The sorbent combines an oxidation catalyst and a sorbent in the same particle to both oxidize the mercury and then immobilize it. 1. A solid sorbent in the form of particles to remove mercury from gas streams , comprising: a high surface area solid support , and a metal-oxy-halide or a metal-hydroxy-halide oxidation catalyst bonded to the high surface area solid support.2. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of at most 200 microns.3. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of 80 to 150 microns.4. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of at most 50 microns.5. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of 1 to 20 microns.6. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the halide of the metal-oxy-halide or metal-hydroxy-halide is selected from the group consisting of bromide claim 1 , chloride claim 1 , fluoride claim 1 , and iodide ...

ACIDIC CATALYST

Methods of preparing an acidic catalyst are disclosed that include heating a metal halide to produce a vapor phase metal halide, contacting an initial support material with the vapor phase metal halide in a reaction vessel causing a first chemical reaction and producing an intermediate acidic catalyst, contacting the intermediate acidic catalyst with HBr causing a second chemical reaction and producing an acidic catalyst product which is both more acidic than the intermediate acidic catalyst and more acidic than the initial support material. 1. A method of preparing an acidic catalyst comprising:a. heating a metal halide to produce a vapor phase metal halide;b. contacting an initial support material with the vapor phase metal halide in a reaction vessel thereby causing a first chemical reaction and thereby producing an intermediate acidic catalyst;c. wherein the initial support material is selected from an aluminum oxide based catalyst and a silicon oxide based catalyst;d. wherein the vapor phase metal halide is selected from aluminum trichloride and aluminum tribromide;e. contacting the intermediate acidic catalyst with HBr thereby causing a second chemical reaction and thereby producing an acidic catalyst product;f. wherein the acidic catalyst product is more acidic than the intermediate acidic catalyst; andg. wherein the acidic catalyst product is more acidic than the initial support material.2. The method of preparing an acidic catalyst of wherein the HBr is gas phase HBr.3. The method of preparing an acidic catalyst of wherein the second chemical reaction takes place at room temperature.4. The method of preparing an acidic catalyst of wherein the second chemical reaction takes place between 50 and 200° C.5. The method of preparing an acidic catalyst of wherein the vapor phase metal halide is aluminum trichloride.6. The method of preparing an acidic catalyst of wherein the vapor phase metal halide is aluminum tribromide.7. The method of preparing an acidic ...

Catalysts For Making Acrylic Acid From Lactic Acid Or Its Derivatives In Liquid Phase

Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided.

ACIDIC CATALYST

Catalysts are disclosed having metal oxide support structures and acidic reaction sites. Those reaction sites may have multiple bromine atoms bound to an aluminum atom with that aluminum-bromine group having an associated hydrogen ion. Additional structural features of the reaction sites are dictated by the aluminum oxide based catalysts and a silicon oxide based catalyst selected. 2. The composition of matter of wherein Mis Al claim 1 , Mis Al claim 1 , Mis Al and M claim 1 , when present claim 1 , is Al.3. The composition of matter of wherein Mis Si claim 1 , Mis Al claim 1 , Mis Si and M claim 1 , when present claim 1 , is Si.4. The composition of matter of wherein Mis Si claim 1 , Mis Si claim 1 , Mis Si and M claim 1 , when present claim 1 , is Si. This application is a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 15/867,920 filed Jan. 11, 2018 and entitled Acidic Catalyst which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/488,466 filed on Apr. 21, 2017 and entitled Acidic Catalyst.his invention was made with government support under grant award number CBET-1644895 awarded by the National Science Foundation. The government has certain rights in the invention.Acidic catalyst described herein may be used in hydrocarbon reactions. Certain acidic catalyst disclosed herein demonstrate super acidity and may be capable of isomerizing alkanes at room temperature. Certain acidic catalyst disclosed herein may be useful in the oligomerization of methane.Wet impregnation techniques may be used with various solvents to prepare acid catalysts. For example, supports may be impregnated by the dissolved aluminum halide precursors represented by the aluminum species of Table 1 in solvents of Table 1 at room temperature with reflux producing the initial catalyst species shown in Table 1. The resulting catalysts may then be filtered and dried under vacuum yielding solid acid catalysts represented by initial catalyst species Ai-Pi.Vapor phase grafting techniques may also ...

Process for the Manufacture of Fluoroaryl Compounds and Derivatives

The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds and derivatives thereof, in particular of fluorobenzenes and derivatives thereof, and especially wherein said manufacture relates to an environmentally friendly production of the said compounds. Thus, the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art processes, and in a surprisingly simple and beneficial manner, and as compared to the prior art processes, in particular, the invention provides a more efficient and energy saving processes, and also provides a more environmentally friendly process, for the manufacture of nuclear fluorinated aromatics, and preferably of nuclear fluorinated fluorobenzenes. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, an industrially beneficial process for preparing fluorobenzenes from halobenzene precursors using HF to form hydrogen halide is provided by the present invention. A beneficial and surprisingly simple use of chlorobenzene as an industrially interesting starting material in the manufacture of fluorobenzene is provided. 1. A process for the manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds having the following formula (I) , and derivatives thereof , preferably fluorobenzenesor fluorobiphenyles , wherein the fluoroaryl compounds may substituted or unsubstituted ,{'br': None, 'Rn—Ar—F\u2003\u2003(I),'} Ar denotes a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic homocyclicaryl or a substituted or unsubstituted homocyclic or nitrogen and/or oxygen containing heterocyclic bicyclic (—Ar—) aryl residue or a substituted or unsubstituted biaryl (—Ar—Ar′—) residue of the said monocyclic aryl and/or bicyclic (—Ar—) aryl residue, wherein Ar and Ar′ may be the same or not, preferably wherein Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl (-Ph-), naphthyl or biphenyl (-Ph-Ph′-) residue, more preferably wherein Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or biphenyl residue,', 'Rn denotes one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen (H), ...

METHOD OF CONVERTING LACTOSE-CONTAINING DAIRY BY-PRODUCTS INTO MONOSACCHARIDES

A method of making a solution containing glucose and galactose. The method includes the steps of reducing the concentration of non-protein nitrogen-containing (NPN) compounds in a dairy by-product stream comprising lactose to yield a reduced-NPN dairy by-product stream; and contacting the reduced-NPN dairy by-product stream of step (a) with an acid catalyst at a temperature of from about 120° C. to about 200° C., and for a time of from about 1 minute to about 180 minutes, wherein at least a portion of the lactose contained in the reduced-NPN dairy by-product stream is hydrolyzed to monosaccharides comprising glucose and galactose. The dairy by-product stream may be ultrafiltered prior to reducing its NPN concentration. 1. A method of making a solution containing glucose and galactose , the method comprising:(a) reducing the concentration of non-protein nitrogen-containing (NPN) compounds in a dairy by-product stream comprising lactose to yield a reduced-NPN dairy by-product stream;(b) contacting the reduced-NPN dairy by-product stream of step (a) with an acid catalyst at a temperature of from about 120° C. to about 200° C., and for a time of from about 1 minute to about 180 minutes, wherein at least a portion of the lactose contained in the reduced-NPN dairy by-product stream is hydrolyzed to monosaccharides comprising glucose and galactose.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (a) comprises reducing the concentration of non-protein nitrogen-containing (NPN) compounds in the dairy by-product stream by contacting the dairy by-product stream with an effective amount of an adsorbent dimensioned and configured to adsorb NPN compounds.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the adsorbent of step (a) comprises activated carbon.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the adsorbent of step (a) comprises an adsorbent dimensioned and configured to adsorb urea.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step (a) claim 1 , the acid is a solid acid or a mineral acid.6. The method of claim 5 , ...

ACIDIC CATALYST

Catalysts are disclosed having metal oxide support structures and acidic reaction sites. The reaction sites may be according to the general formula MOAlBrX]H where x is one or two; y is one or two; z is one or two; X is selected from Br or Cl; M is Al or Si and one or more of M, O and Al has a molecular bond with the metal oxide support structure. 1. A composition of matter comprising:a. a catalyst comprising a metal oxide support structure and an acidic reaction site; {'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'z, 'sup': −', '+, 'MOAlBrX]H;'}, 'b. wherein the acidic reaction site has a composition according to a general formula,'}c. wherein x is selected from 1 and 2;d. wherein y is selected from 1 and 2;e. wherein z is selected from 1 and 2;f. wherein X is selected from Br and Cl;g. wherein M is selected from Al and Si;h. wherein one or more of M, O and Al has a molecular bond with the metal oxide support structure andi. wherein the catalyst is selected from an aluminum oxide based catalyst and a silicon oxide based catalyst.2. The composition of matter of wherein the catalyst is a mesoporous catalyst.3. The composition of matter of wherein the catalyst is a microporous catalyst.4. The composition of matter of wherein the catalyst is an aluminum oxide based catalyst.5. The composition of matter of wherein the catalyst is a silicon oxide based catalyst.6. The composition of matter of wherein X is Br.7. The composition of matter of wherein X is Cl.8. The composition of matter of wherein M is Al.9. The composition of matter of wherein M is Si.10. The composition of matter of wherein M is Si and wherein X is Br.11. The composition of matter of wherein M is Si and wherein X is Cl.13. The composition of matter of wherein X is Br.14. The composition of matter of wherein X is Cl.15. The composition of matter of wherein M is Si.17. The composition of matter of wherein X is Br.18. The composition of matter of wherein X is Cl.19. The composition of matter of wherein M is Al.20. The ...

PHOTOCATALYSTS BASED ON BISMUTH OXYHALIDE, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND USES THEREOF

The invention provides a process for the preparation of bismuth oxyhalide, comprising a precipitation of bismuth oxyhalide in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a reducing agent. Also provided are bismuth oxyhalide compounds doped with elemental bismuth Bi. The use of Bidoped-bismuth oxyhalide as photocatalysts in water purification is also described. 1. Bi-doped bismuth oxyhalide , wherein the halide is chloride , bromide or mixed chloride-bromide , wherein the molar concentration of the Bidopant is from 0.1 to 7.0% , calculated relative to the total amount of the trivalent and zerovalent bismuth.2. Bi-doped bismuth oxyhalide according to claim 1 , wherein the molar concentration of the Bidopant is from 0.1 to 5.0%.3. Bi-doped bismuth oxyhalide according to claim 1 , selected from the group consisting of Bidoped-BiOCl claim 1 , Bidoped-BiOBr and Bidoped-BiOClBrwherein y is in the range from 0.6 to 0.95.4. Bi-doped bismuth oxyhalide according to claim 3 , which is Bidoped-BiOClBrwherein y is in the range from 0.7 to 0.95.5. Bi-doped bismuth oxyhalide according to claim 1 , characterized in that its X-ray photoelectron emission spectrum exhibits a peak at 157±1 eV assigned to metallic bismuth. This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/910,202 filed Feb. 4, 2016, which is the U.S. national phase of International Application No. PCT/IL2014/050702 filed Aug. 4, 2014, which designated the U.S. and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 62/007,946 filed Jun. 5, 2014 and 61/862,101 filed Aug. 5, 2013, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference.Compounds exhibiting photocatalytic activity are capable of accelerating oxidation reactions in response to light irradiation and are hence potentially useful in decomposing organic contaminants present in water. The TiOpowder manufactured by Degussa Corporation under the name P-25 is an example of a commercially available photocatalyst.Bismuth oxyhalides ...

Catalysts and methods for alcohol dehydration

Provided is a process for preparing a diaryl ether compound through the dehydration of an aromatic alcohol compound in the presence of a halogenated rare earth element oxide catalyst, providing a reaction vessel having loaded therein a rare earth element oxide; halogenating the rare earth element oxide with a halogen source to form an activated catalyst; and dehydrating an aromatic alcohol compound over the activated catalyst to form the diaryl ether compound, where the halogenating and dehydrating steps occur in the same vessel. The rare earth element oxide is an oxide of a light rare earth element, an oxide of a medium rare earth element, an oxide of a heavy rare earth element, an oxide of yttrium, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

USE OF COMPOSITIONS OBTAINED BY CALCINING PARTICULAR METAL-ACCUMULATING PLANTS FOR IMPLEMENTING CATALYTICAL REACTIONS

The use of metal-accumulating plants for implementing chemical reactions especially catalytical reactions. 1AlyssumAlyssum murale, Alyssum fallacinum, Alyssum lesbiacum, Alyssun serpyllifolium, Alyssum bertoloniiNoccaeaNoccaea ochrleuca, Noccaea goesingense, Noccacea caerulescensGeissoisGeissois pruinosaPsychotriaPsychotria douarrei, Psychotria costivenia, Psychotria clementis, Psychotria vanhermaniiPcynandraPycnandra acuminataSebertia acuminataAnisopappusAnisopappus chinensis, Anisopappus davyiPhyllanthusP. balgooyi Phyllantthus serpentinus, Phyllanthus ngoyensisHomaliumHomalium kanaliense, Homalium guillainiihybanthusHybanthus austrocaledonicusAnisopappusAnisopappus chinensis, Anisopappus davyi, Centaurium erythraea, Bacopa monnieri, Anthyllis vulneraria.. A catalytic composition containing at least one metal catalyst originating from a calcined plant or a calcined plant part having accumulated at least one metal chosen in particular from zinc (Zn) , nickel (Ni) or copper (Cu) , the implementation of organic synthesis reactions involving said catalyst characterised in that the metal accumulating plant is chosen from the genus , such as , the genus , such as: , the genus , such as: , the genus , such as: , the genus such as (or ) , the genus such as , the genus such as , the genus such as , the genus such as , the genus such as2AlyssumAlyssum murale, Alyssum fallacinum, Alyssum lesbiacum, Alyssun serpyllifolium, Alyssum bertoloniiNoccaeaNoccaea ochrleuca, Noccaea goesingense, Noccacea caerulescensGeissoisGeissois pruinosaPsychotriaPsychotria douarrei, Psychotria costivenia, Psychotria clementis, Psychotria vanhermaniiPcynandraPycnandra acuminataSebertia acuminataAnisopappusAnisopappus chinensis, Anisopappus davyiPhyllanthusP. balgooyi Phyllantthus serpentinus, Phyllanthus ngoyensisHomaliumHomalium kanaliense, Homalium guillainiihybanthusHybanthus austrocaledonicusAnisopappusAnisopappus chinensis, Anisopappus davyi, Centaurium erythraea, Bacopa monnieri, Anthyllis ...

Process for improving trivalent titanium catalysts

Catalystic composition for olefin polymerization comprising transition metalcompound and method for preparing thermal resist olefin polymer using the same

본 발명은 전이금속 화합물을 포함하는 올레핀 중합용 촉매 조성물 및 이를 이용한 고내열 올레핀 중합체의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 제 1 전이금속 화합물, 제 2 전이금속 화합물, 조촉매 화합물, 및 탄소수 1 ~ 12의 하이드로카빌 치환체를 함유하는 아연 또는 갈륨 화합물인 중합보조제를 포함하는 올레핀 중합용 촉매 조성물, 및 상기 촉매조성물을 이용하여 올레핀 단량체를 중합하여 제조되는, 밀도는 0.7 ~ 0.9 g/cc 이고 녹는점이 100 ~ 140 ℃이며 분자량 5,000 ~ 30,000 의 저분자량 올레핀 중합체에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면 밀도 0.7 ~ 0.9 g/cc 이고 녹는점이 100 ~ 140℃ 이며 분자량 5,000 ~ 30,000 인 저분자량을 가지고 내열성이 우수한 올레핀 중합체를 제공하는 효과가 있다. The present invention relates to a catalyst composition for olefin polymerization comprising a transition metal compound and a method for producing a high heat resistant olefin polymer using the same, and more particularly, a first transition metal compound, a second transition metal compound, a promoter compound, and carbon number. A catalyst composition for olefin polymerization comprising a polymerization aid which is a zinc or gallium compound containing 1 to 12 hydrocarbyl substituents, and a density prepared by polymerizing an olefin monomer using the catalyst composition, has a density of 0.7 to 0.9 g / cc. Melting | fusing point relates to the low molecular weight olefin polymer of 100-3140 degreeC, and molecular weight 5,000-30,000. According to the present invention has an effect of providing an olefin polymer having a low molecular weight of 0.7 ~ 0.9 g / cc density, a melting point of 100 ~ 140 ℃ and a molecular weight of 5,000 to 30,000 and excellent heat resistance. 전이금속, 조촉매, 중합 보조제, 올레핀, 왁스, 고내열, 저밀도, 녹는점. Transition metals, promoters, polymerization aids, olefins, waxes, high heat resistance, low density, melting point.

Polymerization catalysts

Low-temperature polymerization process employing p2o5 treated alkyl halide catalyst solvent

Catalyst recovery

Method for manufacturing ionic liquid catalysts

A method for manufacturing ionic liquid compositions by use of a two-step process which includes the contacting, under first reaction conditions, an amine compound with a hydrogen halide that is preferably in the gaseous form to provide a first reaction mixture. The first reaction mixture is then contacted, under second reaction conditions, with a metal halide compound to form the ionic liquid end-product.

Catalysts and their preparation

Procédé de préparation de nouveaux catalyseurs de polymérisation

Cocrystallized catalyst preparation process

Ethylene polymerization catalyst

A vanadium catalyst composition comprising: (i) the reaction product of a vanadium trihalide wherein the halogen is chlorine, bromine, or iodine, or mixtures thereof, and an electron donor, which is a liquid, organic Lewis base in which the vanadium trihalide is soluble; (ii) a silica support onto which component (i) is impregnated; (iii) a salt admixed with the silica support, the cation of said salt being selected from the group consisting of Groups I and II of the Periodic Chart of the Atoms; (iv) a halocarbon promoter; and (v) a hydrocarbyl aluminum cocatalyst. i

Catalyst regeneration with hydrogen in an isomerization process

Preparation of silica-alumina composites for use in the hydrocracking of hydrocarbons

Catalyst compositions

Catalyst, preparation thereof, and polymerization process using said catalyst

Catalyst preparation

Preparation of alkylthiohydroxypropyl quaternary ammonium halides

Ethylene polymerization catalyst

A vanadium catalyst composition comprising: (i) the reaction product of a vanadium trihalide wherein the halogen is chlorine, bromine, or iodine, or mixtures thereof, and an electron donor, which is a liquid, organic Lewis base in which the vanadium trihalide is soluble; (ii) a silica support onto which component (i) is impregnated; (iii) a salt admixed with the silica support, the cation of said salt being selected from the group consisting of Groups I and II of the Periodic Chart of the Atoms; (iv) a halocarbon promoter; and (v) a hydrocarbyl aluminum cocatalyst.

Solid catalyst components for the polymerization

Preparation of olefin polymerization catalyst

Olefin polymerization catalysts

乙烯聚合催化剂

钒催化剂组合物，包括： (I)一种三卤化钒(其中卤素是氯、溴或碘或其混合物)和电子给体的反应产物，电子给体是一种可溶解三氯化钒的液体有机路易斯碱， (II)一种通式为MXa的改性剂， (III)一种二氧化硅载体，在此载体上浸有组分(I)和(II)， (IV)一种与二氧化硅载体混合的盐，所述盐的阳离子选自元素周期表I族和II族的元素，所述盐的阴离子是碳酸根或硫酸根， (V)一种卤化碱促进剂，以及 (VI)一种烃基铝助催化剂。

Способ изготовления ионных жидких катализаторов

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (51) ÌÏÊ 7 (11) 2004 133 896 (13) A C 07 C 2/00 ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÇÀßÂÊÀ ÍÀ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈÅ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2004133896/04, 22.04.2003 (71) Çà âèòåëü(è): ØÅÂÐÎÍ ÔÈËËÈÏÑ ÊÅÌÈÊÀË ÊÎÌÏÀÍÈ ËÏ (US) (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 22.04.2002 US 60/374,529 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 10.06.2005 Áþë. ¹ 16 (86) Çà âêà PCT: US 03/12823 (22.04.2003) (74) Ïàòåíòíûé ïîâåðåííûé: Åãîðîâà Ãàëèíà Áîðèñîâíà Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 129010, Ìîñêâà, óë. Á.Ñïàññêà , 25, ñòð.3, ÎÎÎ "Þðèäè÷åñêà ôèðìà Ãîðîäèññêèé è Ïàðòíåðû", ïàò.ïîâ. Ã.Á. Åãîðîâîé R U Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ñïîñîá, âêëþ÷àþùèé âçàèìîäåéñòâèå â óñëîâè õ ïåðâîé ðåàêöèè àëêèëàìèíà ñ ãàçîîáðàçíûì ãàëîãåíèäîì âîäîðîäà ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì ïåðâîé ðåàêöèîííîé ñìåñè è ïîñëå ýòîãî âçàèìîäåéñòâèå â óñëîâè õ âòîðîé ðåàêöèè óêàçàííîé ïåðâîé ðåàêöèîííîé ñìåñè ñ ãàëîãåíèäîì ìåòàëëà ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì èîííîãî æèäêîãî êàòàëèçàòîðà. 2. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, ãäå êîëè÷åñòâî ãàëîãåíèäà âîäîðîäà, âçàèìîäåéñòâóþùåãî ñ àëêèëàìèíîì, âë åòñ äîñòàòî÷íûì äë ïðåâðàùåíè çíà÷èòåëüíîé ÷àñòè àëêèëàìèíà â ñîëü àëêèëàìèíà è ãàëîãåíèäà âîäîðîäà, è ïîëó÷åíè òàêèì îáðàçîì óêàçàííîé ïåðâîé ðåàêöèîííîé ñìåñè, ñîäåðæàùåé òâåðäîå âåùåñòâî. 3. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.2, ãäå óñëîâè ïåðâîé ðåàêöèè âêëþ÷àþò òåìïåðàòóðó ïåðâîé ðåàêöèè, ïîääåðæèâàåìóþ â äèàïàçîíå ïðèáëèçèòåëüíî îò —20 äî ïðèáëèçèòåëüíî 60°F, è äàâëåíèå ïåðâîé ðåàêöèè, ïîääåðæèâàåìîå, ïî ìåíüøåé ìåðå, ïðèáëèçèòåëüíî ïðè àòìîñôåðíîì äàâëåíèè. 4. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.3, ãäå àëêèëàìèí ïðåäñòàâë åò ñîáîé ñîåäèíåíèå, èìåþùåå îáùóþ ôîðìóëó R3N, ãäå ãðóïïû R ïðåäñòàâë þò ñîáîé ëèáî âîäîðîä ëèáî àëêèëüíóþ ãðóïïó, èìåþùóþ îò 1 äî 4 àòîìîâ óãëåðîäà. 5. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.4, ãäå ãàëîãåíèäîì âîäîðîäà âë åòñ õëîðèä âîäîðîäà è àëêèëàìèíîì âë åòñ òðèìåòèëàìèí. 6. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.5, ãäå óñëîâè âòîðîé ðåàêöèè âêëþ÷àþò òåìïåðàòóðó âòîðîé ðåàêöèè, ïîääåðæèâàåìóþ â äèàïàçîíå ïðèáëèçèòåëüíî îò 40 äî ïðèáëèçèòåëüíî 250°F. 7. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.6, ãäå ìåòàëë ãàëîãåíèäà ìåòàëëà âûáðàí èç ãðóïïû, ñîñòî ùåé èç ...

OXIDIZING HALOGENATION AND OPTIONAL DEHYDROGENATION OF C3 + HYDROCARBONS

Un proceso de halogenación oxidante y deshidrogenación opcional, que comprende poner en contacto un hidrocarburo reactivo que tiene tres o más átomos de carbono, tal como propano o propeno, o un derivado halogenado del mismo, con una fuente de halógeno y, opcionalmente, una fuente de oxígeno, en presencia de un catalizador de halogenuro de tierra rara o de oxihalogenuro de tierra rara, de manera que se forme un producto de hidrocarburo halogenado, tal como cloruro de alilo, que tiene tres o más átomos de carbono, y que tiene un número mayor de sustituyentes halógeno en comparación con el hidrocarburo reactivo; y opcionalmente, un coproducto olefínico, como el propeno. El menos deseado de los dos productos, es decir, el hidrocarburo halogenado o la olefina, según sea el caso, puede ser reciclado al proceso para elevar al máximo la producción del producto deseado. An oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation process, which comprises contacting a reactive hydrocarbon having three or more carbon atoms, such as propane or propene, or a halogenated derivative thereof, with a halogen source and, optionally, a source of oxygen, in the presence of a rare earth halide or rare earth oxyhalogenide catalyst, so that a halogenated hydrocarbon product, such as allyl chloride, has three or more carbon atoms, and has a higher number of halogen substituents compared to reactive hydrocarbon; and optionally, an olefinic coproduct, such as propene. The less desired of the two products, that is, halogenated hydrocarbon or olefin, as the case may be, can be recycled to the process to maximize the production of the desired product.

Lewis base stabilization of polymerization catalyst in storage

Gasoline fraction reforming catalyst and method for its production

FIELD: catalyst preparation.SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to the preparation of a catalyst for the reforming of gasoline fractions in a moving bed with continuous catalyst regeneration, with a controlled porous structure of a spherical alumina carrier prepared by oil spinning, containing platinum, tin and a modifying component. Described is a catalyst for reforming gasoline fractions, including platinum, tin, chlorine and an alumina carrier, characterized in that it additionally contains iron as a modifier with the following component content, wt.%: platinum 0.1-0.4, tin 0.1- 0.4, iron 0.008-0.20, chlorine 0.9-1.3, alumina support, the rest, as well as a method for producing a catalyst.EFFECT: increasing the strength, activity and selectivity of the catalyst, metal, acid and textural characteristics, providing the maximum octane number with a high yield of C5+and a long service life.7 cl, 1 tbl, 9 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 767 681 C1 (51) МПК B01J 23/42 (2006.01) B01J 23/62 (2006.01) B01J 23/745 (2006.01) B01J 27/06 (2006.01) B01J 32/00 (2006.01) B01J 35/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА B01J 37/08 (2006.01) ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ C10G 35/04 (2006.01) C10G 35/085 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01J 23/42 (2021.08); B01J 23/62 (2021.08); B01J 23/745 (2021.08); B01J 27/06 (2021.08); B01J 32/00 (2021.08); B01J 37/08 (2021.08); B01J 35/08 (2021.08); C10G 35/04 (2021.08); C10G 35/085 (2021.08) 2021112409, 29.04.2021 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 29.04.2021 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 29.04.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 18.03.2022 Бюл. № 8 Адрес для переписки: 117997, Москва, Софийская наб., 26/1, ПАО "НК "Роснефть", ДНТРиИ, Пашали А.А. 2 7 6 7 6 8 1 C 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: SU 470972 A, 16.10.1975. RU 2011138946 A, 27.03.2013. RU 2160635 C2, 20.12.2000. RU 2582343 C1, 27.04.2016. RU 2547466 C1, 10.04.2015. US 0006514904 B1, 04.02.2003. YU ...

Catalyst preparation

Alkylation process

Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons

Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons

Conversion catalyst preparation

Oxychlorination of hydrocarbons and a catalyst therefor

Manufacture of halohydrocarbons

Oxychlorination of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of a fluidized catalyst containing lanthanum and didymium

CATALYST COMPOSITION COMPRISING MIXTURES OF SALTS OF COPPER, POTASSIUM, DIDYMIUM, LANTHANIUM AND MAGNESIUM ARE USEFUL IN THE FLUIDIZED BED OXYCHLORINATION OF ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS. THE CATALYST COMPOSITION LOADING IS DIS POSED ON A SUITABLE SUPPORT MEDIA, PREFERABLY AN ALUMINA AND DOES NOT CAKE OR CAUSE-DEFLUIDIZATION OF THE BED UNDER START-UP, OPERATING, OR SHUT-DOWN CONDITIONS.

Patent SU433666A3

Catalytic process for the production of ethyleneamines

A catalyst for making polyalkylenepolyamines by the reaction of a monoalkanolamine with an alkyleneamine which contains phosphorus and fluorine on a metal oxide support, the metal being selected from Groups IIIA, IIIB, IVB and VB of the periodic chart. The surface of a support, e.g. titania, is impregnated with at least one compound which contains fluorine and one which contains phosphorus. The same compound can contain both elements, e.g. a fluorophosphoric acid, or two or more compounds, which together contain the required elements, can be employed.

Catalyst for the production of polyalkylenepolyamines

A catalyst for making polyalkylenepolyamines by the reaction of a monoalkanolamine with an alkyleneamine which contains phosphorus and fluorine on a metal oxide support, the metal being selected from Groups IIIA, IIIB, IVB and VB of the periodic chart. The surface of a support, e.g. titania, is impregnated with at least one compound which contains fluorine and one which contains phosphorus. The same compound can contain both elements, e.g. a fluorophosphoric acid, or two or more compounds, which together contain the required elements, can be employed.

{68 -Aluminum fluoride by evaporating aqueous MF solution of AlF{HD 3 {B under vacuum to dryness and heating

Process for hydrofluorinating acetylene which comprises reacting acetylene with hydrogen fluoride in the vapor phase and in the presence of Epsilon -aluminum fluoride at a temperature from about 200* to about 380*C to produce vinyl fluoride and 1,1difluoroethane, and Epsilon -aluminum fluoride being prepared by evaporating an aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution of aluminum fluoride to dryness at a temperature from 30* to 120*C optionally followed by heating the resulting product at a temperature from 120* to 500*C.

Composition for dispensing in manner of aerosol, pressurizing catalyst useful therein, precursors thereof, and their preparation

An activated silicon-containing aluminum complex containing minor amounts of halogen, silicon, oxygen and hydrogen, the silicon being present in amounts of at least trace and having a hexagonal structure; the ratio of oxygen to hydrogen in the complex usually being 16:18. A process for making such complex comprises the steps of treating substantially pure aluminum with acid, then with mercury, then with a halogen acid again to form a slurry therein; said slurry is then applied under heat and low humidity to an aluminum material containing trace to about 2% by weight silicon to form a growth of powder thereon; this powder is then treated with a flow of hydrogen to form the complex which is capable of releasing oxygen and hydrogen from an oxygen and hydrogen-containing fluid.

一种Bi3O4Cl/CdS复合材料及制备方法和用途

本发明属于半导体催化剂制备技术领域。特指一种Bi 3 O 4 Cl/CdS复合材料及制备方法和用途。将CdS超声分散在乙醇中得到溶液A，将步骤2制备好的Bi 3 O 4 Cl溶解在PVP溶液中得到溶液B，将溶液A和溶液B混合搅拌后,转移到反应釜中160℃下水热6h；待反应釜冷却至室温，用水和乙醇洗涤，烘干得到50wt.％Bi 3 O 4 Cl/CdS复合材料。本发明相比于现有的技术，巧妙的利用PVP表明活性剂有效的使两种材料紧密结合，有效的克服了在超声和反应过程中催化剂容易脱落的缺陷。当可见光激发Bi 3 O 4 Cl/CdS复合光催化剂时，利用光生电子空穴的氧化还原能力对水体中的污染物进行降解。

一种智能超疏水材料及其制备方法和应用

本发明提供一种智能响应型超疏水材料及其制备方法和应用，制备方法为：将五水合硝酸铋完全溶解于硝酸中，加入盐酸分离得到白色沉淀，加入冰醋酸静置后洗涤，烘干得到羟基化的3D‑C‑BiOCl微球；加入无水乙醇和3‑氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷，活化后加入MS搅拌，烘干得到3D‑C‑BiOCl@MS；将十二烷二羧酸和疏水性月桂酸在超声处理下溶于无水乙醇中作为修饰溶液，将3D‑C‑BiOCl@MS放入修饰溶液中室温浸泡，取出烘干得到目标产物S‑3D‑C‑BiOCl@MS。本发明所述的制备方法生产成本低，合成的材料具有超疏水特性、pH响应性和光催化降解能力，油水分离实验中对油的吸附效率高以及光催化降解污染物测试中对污染物的降解效率极高。

Catalyst for reforming gasoline fractions and method for production thereof

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of a catalyst for reforming gasoline fractions in a moving bed with its continuous regeneration, based on a spherical alumina carrier prepared by hydrocarbon-ammonia molding, which contains platinum, tin and chlorine. Described catalyst for reforming gasoline fractions contains, wt.%: platinum 0.1–0.3, tin 0.1–0.4, chlorine 1.0–1.1 and an alumina support from a mixture of aluminum hydroxide powders containing aluminum hydroxide in form of 60 wt.% high-porosity boehmite, having a pore volume of 0.9–1.1 cm 3 /g, and 40 wt.% low-porosity pseudoboehmite, having a pore volume of 0.5 cm 3 /g — the rest, and also the method of its production is described. EFFECT: high mechanical strength of the catalyst with minimum losses during attrition, which ensures high activity, selectivity and stability of the catalyst at high rigidity of the process. 3 cl, 1 tbl, 7 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 767 882 C1 (51) МПК B01J 23/42 (2006.01) C10G 35/04 (2006.01) B01J 23/62 (2006.01) B01J 27/06 (2006.01) B01J 32/00 (2006.01) B01J 35/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА B01J 37/08 (2006.01) ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ C10G 35/085 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01J 23/42 (2021.08); C10G 35/04 (2021.08); B01J 23/62 (2021.08); B01J 27/06 (2021.08); B01J 32/00 (2021.08); B01J 35/08 (2021.08); B01J 37/08 (2021.08); C10G 35/085 (2021.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2021112414, 29.04.2021 29.04.2021 Дата регистрации: 22.03.2022 (45) Опубликовано: 22.03.2022 Бюл. № 9 Адрес для переписки: 117997, Москва, Софийская наб., 26/1, ПАО "НК "Роснефть", ДНТРиИ, Пашали А.А. 2 7 6 7 8 8 2 C 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: SU 470972 A, 16.10.1975. RU 2217409 C2, 27.11.2003. Егорова С.Р., Мухамедьярова А.Н., Чжои Юйцин, Ламберов А.А. "Влияние гидротермальной обработки гамма-Al2O3 на свойства бемита". Бутлеровские сообщения. 2017, т.51 номер 7, стр.102-114. RU 2560161 C1, 20.08.2015. RU 2259233 C2 ...

Olefin disproportionation

A process for forming non-polymeric disproportionation products of non-conjugated olefins using catalysts comprising (1) at least one of certain neutral carbene complexes, and (2) at least one of certain compounds of Groups IVa, IVb, Vb, VIb, VIIb, VIII, and Ib of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

Catalyst for process of dehydration of ethanol to ethylene, preparation method thereof and method of producing ethylene

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing ethylene during dehydration of ethanol using highly active aluminium oxide catalysts. Described is a granular nanostructured aluminium oxide catalyst, having composition containing aluminium oxide, sodium and additionally sulphur, or phosphorus, or chlorine in following amount, wt%: sodium 0.005–0.02, sulphur 0–5, phosphorus 0–2.8, chlorine 0–2.6. Catalyst has a bi-disperse porous structure, micropore volume varies from 0.06 to 0.18 cm 3 /g, mesopore volume of 0.2–0.32 cm 3 /g, total pore volume of 0.25–0.55 cm 3 /g, average diameter varies from 3–5.5 nm with catalyst specific surface area of 200–350 m 2 /g. Aluminium oxide is a mixture γ-Al 2 O 3 , χ-Al 2 O 3 and x-ray amorphous phase of aluminium oxide in following ratio, wt%: χ-Al 2 O 3 and x-ray amorphous phase of 60–70, γ-Al 2 O 3 30–40. Described is a method of preparing said catalyst and method of producing ethylene using said catalyst. EFFECT: simple technique of preparing catalyst and increased output of ethylene. 13 cl, 16 ex, 3 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 609 263 C1 (51) МПК B01J 21/04 (2006.01) B01J 37/04 (2006.01) C07C 1/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015137678, 03.09.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 03.09.2015 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 03.09.2015 (45) Опубликовано: 31.01.2017 Бюл. № 4 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4302357 A1, 24.11.1981. US 2 6 0 9 2 6 3 (57) Формула изобретения 1. Гранулированный наноструктурированный алюмооксидный катализатор процесса дегидратации этанола в этилен, отличающийся тем, что он содержит в своем составе оксид алюминия, натрий и дополнительно серу, или фосфор, или хлор в следующем количестве, мас.%: натрий 0,005-0,02 сера 0-5 фосфор 0-2,8 хлор 0-2,6, и имеет бидисперсную пористую структуру, объем ...

钯-银加氢催化剂及其制备方法

一种包含钯、银和载体材料(优选为氧化铝)的催化剂组合物与含有碘化物组分如碘化铵的液体组合物接触，然后煅烧该催化剂。应用该改进的具有改进的转化率和失活性能的催化剂组合物，可以得到改进的加氢方法，特别是对乙炔选择性加氢(为乙烯)。

一种可见光响应Ag/Bi3O4Cl复合材料及制备方法和用途

本发明属于半导体材料制备技术领域，特指一种可见光响应Ag/Bi 3 O 4 Cl复合材料及制备方法和用途。将Bi 3 O 4 Cl溶解在AgNO 3 溶液中搅拌均匀后，用250W氙灯照射60min，水洗、烘干得Ag/Bi 3 O 4 Cl复合材料。由于贵金属Ag的表面等离子共振效应(SPR),有效的提高了光生电子和空穴的分离效率，进一步提高光催化降解能力，工艺简单,反应成本低，便于批量生产,符合环境友好要求。

Catalytic dispersions of metal halides in molten trihalostannate(ii) and trihalogermanate(ii) salts

DISPERSIONS OF TRANSITION AND OTHER METAL HALIDES IN MOLTEN TETRAHYDROCARBYLAMMONIUM OR PHSOPHONIUM TRIHALOSTANNATE (II) AND TRIHALOGERMANANTE (II) SALTS ARE PREPARED BY MIXING A MENTAL HALODE WITH A MOLTEN TRIHALOSTANNATE OR TRIHALOGERMANATE SALT. THE DISPERSIONS ARE USEFUL AS CATALYSTS FOR THE HYDROGENATION, ISOMERIZATION OR CARBONYLATION OF OLEFINS AND AS COLORED INKS FOR PRINTING.

Oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation of c3+hydrocarbons

An oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation process involving contacting a reactant hydrocarbon having three or more carbon atoms, such as propane or propene, or a halogenated derivative thereof, with a source of halogen, and optionally, a source of oxygen in the presence of a rare earth halide or rare earth oxyhalide catalyst, so as to form a halogenated hydrocarbon product, such as allyl chloride, having three or more carbon atoms and having a greater number of halogen substituents as compared with the reactant hydrocarbon, and optionally, an olefinic co-product, such as propene. The less desired of the two products, that is, the halogenated hydrocarbon or the olefin as the case may be, can be recycled to the process to maximize the production of the desired product.

Hydrocarbon conversion catalyst

Use of a catalyst for paraffins alkylation

Catalyst based on silica and sulphuric acid and its use in catalytic alkylation of isobutane and/or isopentane in the presence of at least one olefin containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule.

Oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation of c3+hydrocarbons

An oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation process involving contacting a reactant hydrocarbon having three or more carbon atoms, such as propane or propene, or a halogenated derivative thereof, with a source of halogen, and optionally, a source of oxygen in the presence of a rare earth halide or rare earth oxyhalide catalyst, so as to form a halogenated hydrocarbon product, such as allyl chloride, having three or more carbon atoms and having a greater number of halogen substituents as compared with the reactant hydrocarbon, and optionally, an olefinic co-product, such as propene. The less desired of the two products, that is, the halogenated hydrocarbon or the olefin as the case may be, can be recycled to the process to maximize the production of the desired product.

Acidic catalyst

Catalysts are disclosed having metal oxide support structures and acidic reaction sites. The reaction sites may be according to the general formula MxOyAlBrzX]−H+ where x is one or two; y is one or two; z is one or two; X is selected from Br or Cl; M is Al or Si and one or more of M, O and Al has a molecular bond with the metal oxide support structure.

Process for the preparation of a dissolved aluminum chloride catalyst

Polymerization process

Oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation of C3 + hydrocarbons

PROCESS TO REACTIVATE AN EXHAUSTED CHROMIC FLUORIDE HALOGEN CHANGE CATALYST (CR III)

Friedel-crafts double salt catalyst

Непрерывный способ получения 1,1-дихлортетрафторэтана

Получение 1,1-дихлортетрафторэтана CF 3 CCl 2 F (CFC-114а), в значительной степени свободного от 1,2 дихлортетрафторэтана CClCF 2 CClF 2 (CFC-114а) и перфторированных продуктов, т. е. CF 3 CClF 2 и CF 3 CF 3 , включает операции контактирования жидкой фазы трихлортрифторэтана /т. е. смеси 1,1,1-трихлортрифторэтана /CFC-113а/, CCl 3 CF 3 и 1,1,2-трихлортрифторэтана CClF 2 CCl 2 F /т. е. CFC-113/ с пентагалоидной сурьмой как катализатором /т. е. SbCl 5-x F x , где x равен от 0 до 3/ при 100 - 140С и давлении 15-18 кг/см 2 и выделения газообразного 1,1-дихлортетрафтоэтанового продукта. Может быть достигнуто почти количественное превращение CF 3 CCl 3 в CF 3 CCl 2 F без заметного образования CClF 2 CClF 2 в непрерывном технологическом процессе. 5 з. п. ф-лы. 6з0г0Сс ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) 13) ВИ” 2010 789 ' ОМК С 07С 19/08, 17/20 СЛ 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 4831546/04, 29.10.1990 (30) Приоритет: 4$/30.10.89/429126 (30) Приоритет: 30.10.1989 Ш$ 89 429126 (46) Дата публикации: 15.04.1994 (71) Заявитель: Е.И.Дюпон Де Немур энд Компани (Ц$) Джон Марк Лонгориа[Ц$], Франк Дж.КристоФ[Ц$] (73) Патентообладатель: Е.И.Дюпон Де Немур энд Компани (0$) (72) Изобретатель: Уильям Генри Гумпрехт[Ц$], (54) НЕПРЕРЫВНЫЙ СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ (57) Реферат: Получение 1,1-дихлортетрафторэтана СЕ зССЬЕ — (СЕС-114а), в значительной степени свободного ОТ 1,2 дихлортетрафторэтана СОСЕ 2ССЕ2(СЕС-114а) и перфторированных продуктов, Т. е. СЕзССЕ2 и СЕзЗСЁЕз ‚ включает операции контактирования ЖИДКОЙ фазы трихлортрифторэтана /Т. е. смеси 1,1,1-трихлортрифторэтана /СЕС-11За/, СС 3СЕз и 1,1,2-трихлортрифторэтана 1,1-ДИХЛОРТЕТРАФТОРЭТАНА ССОЕ 2ССЕ Г. е. СЕС-113/ С пентагалоидной сурьмой как катализатором т.е. 56С 5-хРх, где х равен от О до 3! при 100 - 140С и давлении 15-18 к/см? и выделения газообразного 1,1-дихлортетрафтоэтанового продукта. Может быть достигнуто почти количественное превращение СЕзССЬ5 в СРЕ5ССЬЕ без ...

Solid catalyst components for olefin polymerization

Solid catalyst components for olefin polymerization which comprise a solid carrier components comprising a solid substance having the general formula MgX.sub.2.(E).sub.n ( 1) wherein X is a halogen atom, E is a monoether compound and n is 0.01˜4, at least a portion of said E being replaced by an eletron donative compound different from said monoether compound (E), and a titanium compound and these catalyst components can produce an olefin polymer having a high stereoregularity in a high polymer yield per unit of a catalyst component in olefin polymerization.

Solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization, method for producing the same, and method for producing polyolefin

Zeolite, and production method and use therefor

本发明提供制备卤氧化铋的方法，包括在还原剂的存在下使卤氧化铋在酸性水性介质中沉淀。本发明也提供了用单质铋Bi (0) 掺杂的卤氧化铋化合物。本发明也描述了Bi (0) 掺杂的卤氧化铋用作水纯化中的光催化剂的用途。

Piezoelectric catalytic degradation and ammonia synthesis catalyst, and preparation method and application thereof

本发明一种具有高效的压电催化降解甲基橙以及压电催化合成氨活性的压电催化降解、合成氨催化剂及其制备方法与应用，所述催化剂的通式为xAg/Bi 5 O 7 I，其中，x为催化剂中Ag与Bi 5 O 7 I的摩尔比，1≤x≤7.5。本发明将Bi 5 O 7 I材料应用于压电催化降解染料甲基橙和固氮，在超声振动的作用下降解甲基橙以及将N 2 催化还原为氨。此外，本发明通过光沉积法将贵金属Ag沉积Bi 5 O 7 I表面，进一步提高了Bi 5 O 7 I的压电催化合成氨和压电降解染料性能。

Bi4O5Br2Preparation method and application of/Fe-MIL composite material photocatalyst

本发明提供了一种合成Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 /Fe‑MIL棒状结构复合材料的制备方法，用于在模拟太阳光下光催化还原二氧化碳研究。具体技术方案：利用在合成NH 2 ‑MIL‑101(Fe)的过程中加入中空球状Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 作为固体酸调节了NH 2 ‑MIL‑101(Fe)向NH 2 ‑MIL‑88B(Fe)的晶型转变；Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 材料与晶型转变后的NH 2 ‑MIL‑88B(Fe)形成异质结构，加快了电子传输速率，有效促进了电子空穴分离，提高了光催化性能。本发明制备过程简单，催化剂稳定性高，利用卤氧化铋取代贵金属光敏剂形成复合材料，将CO 2 光催化还原为可利用的有机物质CH 4 ，为环境问题和能源短缺提供了解决方案，具有显著的经济效益和应用前景。

A kind of ternary bismuthino composite photo-catalyst Bi/Bi4O5Br2/ BiOI and its preparation method and application

本发明提供一种三元铋基复合光催化剂Bi/Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 /BiOI及其制备方法，涉及半导体光催化材料技术领域。一种三元铋基复合光催化剂Bi/Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 /BiOI的制备方法，包括：将含铋化合物与碘盐及溴盐溶解于乙二醇中，调节溶液的pH值至8～10，进行水热反应。该方法制备工艺简单，成本低廉，不产生有毒有害副产物，易于实现工业化生产。一种三元铋基复合光催化剂Bi/Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 /BiOI，由上述制备方法制备而成。该催化剂具有较好的可见光感应能力和降解污染物能力，提高催化过程中对太阳能的利用率。

1, the preparation method of 1-dichloro tetrafluoro ethane

一种制备基本不含1，2-二氯四氟乙烷 (CFC-114)和过度氟化产物(如CF 3 CClF 2 和 CF 3 CF 3 )的1，1-二氯四氯乙烷(CFC-114a)的方 法，该方法包括如下步骤：使三氯三氟乙烷液相(如 1，1，1-三氯三氟乙烷(CFC-113a)和1，1，2-三氯三 氟乙烷(CFC-113)的混合物)与五卤化锑催化剂(如 SbCl 5-x F x ，其中x为0至3)接触；分离出气态的1， 1-二氯四氟乙烷产物。可以用一种连续的方法使 CF 3 CCl 3 几乎定量转化为CF 3 CCl 2 F而没有可检测 量的CClF 2 CClF 2 生成。CF 3 CCl 2 F可作为制造含 氯氟烃和含氟烃的中间体使用。

Preparation method of BiOBr/black phosphorus alkene heterojunction nano composite material

本发明公开了一种BiOBr/黑磷烯异质结纳米复合材料的制备方法，采用羟基诱导辅助溶剂热界面共组装制备BiOBr/黑磷烯异质结纳米复合材料，其技术方法步骤为：以Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O和KBr为原料，乙二醇为溶剂，采用溶剂热反应制备花状BiOBr；以黑磷块为原料，NMP为溶剂，采用超声剥离结合真空干燥制备黑磷烯；将BiOBr和黑磷烯在乙醇溶剂中进行溶剂热处理，利用羟基诱导辅助溶剂热界面共组装制备BiOBr/黑磷烯异质结纳米复合材料。本发明优点：制备过程简单，生产成本低廉，所得的BiOBr/黑磷烯异质结纳米复合材料可见光响应能力强、界面耦合性好且具有直接Z‑型异质结的优点，有望应用于光催件降解有机污染物。

Ethylene polymerization catalyst

ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION CATALYST Abstract of the Invention A vanadium catalyst composition comprising: (i) the reaction product of a vanadium trihalide wherein the halogen is chlorine, bromine, or iodine, or mixtures thereof, and an electron donor, which is a liquid, organic Lewis base in which the vanadium trihalide is soluble; (ii) a silica support onto which component (i) is impregnated; (iii) a salt admixed with the silica support, the cation of said salt being selected from the group consisting of Groups I and II of the Periodic Chart of the atoms; (iv) a halocarbon promoter; and (v) a hydrocarbyl aluminum cocatalyst.

Manufacturing method of optical member comprising low-reflection silica coating layer and optical member menufactured by the same

본 명세서는 저반사 실리카 코팅층을 포함하는 광학 부재의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 광학 부재를 제공한다. The present specification provides a method of manufacturing an optical member including a low-reflection silica coating layer and an optical member manufactured using the same.

It is a kind of be catalyzed nitrophenol hydro-reduction catalyst and its application

本发明涉及纳米催化剂技术领域，具体涉及一种催化硝基苯酚氢化还原的催化剂及其应用，本发明所述催化剂为直径在60‑80nm的氯氧铋超薄纳米片，对催化还原邻、间、对硝基苯酚制相应的氨基苯酚均具有很高的催化活性，可以取代贵金属催化剂用于催化还原硝基苯酚制氨基苯酚的反应中，降低生产成本。

Production of vanadium chlorides

Alkylation process

Process for the polymerization of alpha olefins

Process for improving trivalent titanium catalysts

1,128,985. Polymerisation catalysts. HERCULES Inc. 2 June, 1966 [2 June, 1965], No. 24579/66. Heading B1E. [Also in Division C3] Improved polymerisation catalysts are made by. contacting a titanium trichloride catalyst in an inert liquid organic diluent in which the catalyst is insoluble at a concentration of from 0.1 to 1.0 millimole of Ti per cc. of diluent with a C2 to C6 α-olefin in an amount of from 0.2 to 2.0 millimoles per millimole of titanium at a temperature of from 0 to 50‹C in the substantial absence of an activator for the catalyst.

DUAL METAL Cyanide CATALYST CONTAINING FUNCTION POLYMER

A kind of preparation method of richness bismuth bismuth oxybromide photocatalyst

本发明公开了一种富铋溴氧化铋光催化剂的制备方法，属于光催化领域。其主要特征是：在一定的pH值和聚合物导向的作用下，可以实现溴氧化铋自身的重掺杂，得到新型富铋溴氧化铋Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 这一光催化材料，且表现出较好的可见光催化活性。制备步骤为：将丙三醇和去离子水以一定比例混合至烧杯中，先加入五水硝酸铋，搅拌至澄清透明时加入溴源，充分搅拌后再加入聚合物导向剂，并用氢氧化钠溶液调节溶液的pH值，继续搅拌直至形成均一的白色悬浮液后将其转入高压反应釜中，高温下反应一定时间，将所得产物离心分离，洗涤数次并烘干，即可得到富铋溴氧化铋Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 光催化剂。该方法工艺简单，成本低廉，易于操作实现，制备的富铋溴氧化铋Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 光催化剂具有较高的可见光催化活性，有望应用于环境污染物的降解。

Process of oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation of c3-c10-hydrocarbons (options)

FIELD: petrochemical processes. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oxidative halogenation processes to obtain halogenated products, in particular allyl chloride and optionally propylene. Process comprises interaction of hydrocarbon having between 3 and 10 carbon atoms or halogenated derivative thereof with halogen source and optionally oxygen source in presence of catalyst at temperature above 100°C and below 600°C and pressure above 97 kPa and below 1034 kPa. Resulting olefin containing at least 3 carbon atoms and halogenated hydrocarbon containing at least 3 carbon atoms and larger number of halogen atoms than in reactant. Catalyst contains essentially iron and copper-free rare-earth metal halide or oxyhalide. Atomic ratio of rare-earth metal to iron or copper is superior to 10:1. In case of cerium-containing catalyst, catalyst has at least one more rare-earth element, amount of cerium present being less than 10 atomic % of the total amount of rare-earth elements. Advantageously, process is conducted at volumetric alkane, halogen, and oxygen supply rate above 0.1 and below 1.0 h -1 , while diluent selected from group including nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon monoxide or dioxide or mixture thereof is additionally used. Halogenated product is recycled while being converted into supplementary olefin product and olefin product is recycled in order to be converted into halogenated hydrocarbon product. Optionally, allyl chloride and ethylene are obtained via interaction of propane with chlorine source in presence of catalyst. EFFECT: increased productivity of process and improved economical characteristics. 26 cl, 1 tbl ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 284 984 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C07C 17/154 (2006.01) C07C 17/25 (2006.01) C07C 21/067 (2006.01) B01J 23/10 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2003136824/04, 23.04.2002 (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 23.05.2001 US 60/293 ...

Double metal cyanide catalysts containing functionalyzed polymers

FIELD: polymerization catalysts. SUBSTANCE: double metal cyanide catalysts suitable for epoxide polymerization is not crystalline from data X-ray powder diffractometry. Catalyst contains double metal cyanide compound, organic complexing agent, and 2-80% of a functionalyzed polymer or its water- soluble salt. Polyols prepared in presence of this catalyst have low degree of unsaturation, low viscosity, and lowered level high-molecular tail fraction. EFFECT: simplified preparation procedure. 4 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl, 13 ex зе сз гс ПЫы сэ (19) (51) МПК? ВИ "” 2 183 989 ' 13) С2 РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ В 01 4 31/00, С 08 С 65/10 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 99109458/04, 14.10.1997 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 14.10.1997 (30) Приоритет: 16.10.1996 Ш$ 08/731,495 (46) Дата публикации: 21.06.2002 (56) Ссылки: Ц$ 5482908 А, 09.01.1996. ЦЗ 5498593 А, 12.03.1996. 4$ 5525565 А, 11.06.1996. 5Ц 1361155 АЛ, 23.12.1987. (85) Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 17.05.1999 (86) Заявка РСТ: ЕР 97/05638 (14.10.1997) (87) Публикация РСТ: \М/О 98/1 6310 (23.04.1998) (98) Адрес для переписки: 193036, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 24, НЕВИНПАТ, А.В.Поликарпову (71) Заявитель: АРКО КЕМИКАЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИ, Л.П. (43) (72) Изобретатель: ЛЕ-КХАК Би (1$) (73) Патентообладатель: АРКО КЕМИКАЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИ, Л.П. (453) (74) Патентный поверенный: Поликарпов Александр Викторович (54) ДВОЙНЫЕ МЕТАЛЛОЦИАНИДНЫЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ, СОДЕРЖАЩИЕ ФУНКЦИОНАЛИЗИРОВАННЫЕ ПОЛИМЕРЫ (57) Изобретение относится к двойным металлоцианидным катализаторам, пригодным для полимеризации эпоксисоединений. Катализатор по данным рентгеновской порошковой дифрактометрии не является кристаллическим. Он содержит: а) двойное металлоцианидное соединение; 6) органический комплексообразующий агент и с) от 2 до 80 мас.% функционализированного полимера или его водорастворимой соли. Катализаторы по изобретению легко получать и выделять, они, по существу, являются ...

Powdered cleaning and / or abrasive preparations and process for their manufacture