КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА

... 1. Каталитическая система, способная катализировать карбонилирование этилен-ненасыщенного соединения, эта система может быть получена посредством объединенияa) металла группы VIB или группы VIIIB, или его соединения,b) бидентатного фосфинового, арсинового или стибинового лиганда иc) кислоты,где указанный лиганд присутствует в молярном избытке, по меньшей мере, 2:1, по сравнению с указанным металлом или указанным металлом в соединении указанного металла, и указанная кислота присутствует в молярном избытке, по меньшей мере, 2:1, по сравнению с указанным лигандом.2. Каталитическая система по п.1, в которой соотношение указанного лиганда к указанному металлу находится в пределах 5:1-750:1.3. Каталитическая система по п.1, в которой соотношение указанного лиганда к указанному металлу находится в пределах 10:1-500:1.4. Каталитическая система по п.1, в которой соотношение указанного лиганда к указанному металлу находится в пределах 20:1-40:1,5. Каталитическая система по п.1, в которой соотношение ...

Preparation of glycerin alkyl ether, useful e.g. in pharmaceuticals, resins, dynamite, sweeteners and soaps, comprises reacting glycerin in the presence of an acid catalyst such as alkane sulfonic acid

Preparation of glycerin alkyl ether (I), comprises reacting glycerin in the presence of an acid catalyst such as alkane sulfonic acid with 4-6C-alkene at 50-120[deg]C and 1-20 bar.

Geformte Sulfonatgruppen-haltige Organopolysiloxane, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung

SOLID CATALYST FOR HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS

... 1447707 Acidic catalyst composition IMI (TAMI) INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 15 Jan 1974 [17 Jan 1973] 01838/74 Heading B1E [Also in Divisions C2 and C5] A catalyst comprises a solid carrier and carboxymethane sulphonic acid and/or products resulting from thermal treatment thereof at a temperature not exceeding 330‹C. The catalyst is formed by impregnating the carrier with the acid or precursors thereof (e.g. glacial acetic acid and sulphur trioxide, acetic acid anhydride and sulphuric acid, acetic acid and oleum or acetylsulphuric acid), drying, if desired under reduced pressure, at a temperature not exceeding 170‹C, then baking at 170-330‹C to constant weight. The carrier may be an inorganic oxide, an acid based on such an oxide or a salt thereof, e.g. alumina, silica, bona, zirconia, silica-alumina, silica-alumina-zirconia, diatomaceous earth, atterpulgus clay or bentonite or may be active carbon or graphite. The carrier may be pretreated with an acid before the impregnation.

FOUNDRY CASTING FORMS

... 1387628 Curing catalyst WHITE SEA & BALTIC CO Ltd 5 May 1972 [5 May 1971] 13316/71 Heading B1E [Also in Division C3] A homogeneous liquid composition for use as catalyst in a method of forming a foundry mould from a mixture of foundry sand, an aqueous resin composition and a catalyst for the resin comprises orthophosphoric acid and p-toluene sulphonic acid and contains less than 15% by weight water. The Examples refer to catalyst compositions containing orthophosphoric acid, p-toluene sulphonic acid and water in % by weight as follows:- (1) 66.9 (orthophosphoric acid), 33 (p-toluene sulphonic acid), 0.1 (water); (2) 58.0, 40.0, 2.0; (3) 52.5, 40.0, 7.5; (4) 58, 33.5, 8.5; (6) 71.9, 20, 8.1; and (7) 43.3, 49.9, 6.8.

PALLADIUM COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE AS OXIDATION CATALYSTS

... 1438557 Treating exhaust gases LAROX RESEARCH CORP 19 July 1973 34339/73 Heading C1A [Also in Division B1] Carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide, e.g. in exhaust gases from I.C. engines or oil and coalburning boilers, are oxidized to carbon dioxide and sulphur trioxide, respectively, by contact with a catalyst which comprises either (i) an aqueous homogeneous solution comprising (a) a water-soluble Pd (II) salt, e.g. the chloride or lithium palladium chloride, having a palladium ion concentration of 0À00005 to 0À025 mole/litre, (b) a Cu (II) chloride or bromide, (c) a Cu (II) salt of an oxyanion derived from a strong acid, wherein the total concentration of (b) and (c) is 0À003 to 3 moles/litre and (b) forms 15 to 60 mole per cent of the total of (b) and (c) and, optionally, (d) a chloride or bromide of a Group Ia or Group IIa metal, e.g. lithium chloride; or (ii) a composition obtained by impregnating a support with such an aqueous solution and drying to deposit 0À0003 to 0À03 moles / kg ...

HYDROFORMYLIERUNGSVERFAHREN

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYETHERPOLYOLEN

Novel glycerol-based heterogeneous solid acid catalysts useful for the esterification of fatty acids, a process and use thereof

Process for preparing ambient temperature ionic liquids

Acid addition salts of imidazolidinones as reaction catalysts

CATALYST COMPOSITIONS AND OLEFIN/CO COPOLYMERIZATION PROCESS

T 128 A S T R A C T CATALYST COMPOSITIONS AND OLEFIN/CO COPOLYMERIZATION PROCESS Novel catalyst compositions, comprising a) a palladium compound, b) an anion of an acid with a pKa of less than 4, with the proviso that the acid is not a hydrohalogenic acid, and c) a triphenylphosphine wherein at least one of the phenyl groups bears at least one substituent in a position ortho in respect to phosphorus. ML.T128 ...

PREPARATION METHOD OF 2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIOAZOLE

The present invention discloses a preparation method of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, in which an aniline process is employed to react under the action of a catalyst to prepare 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and the catalyst comprises imidazolium ionic liquid-supported sulfonic acids. The imidazolium ionic liquid-supported sulfonic acids are a type of acidic functionalized ionic liquids, and have the advantages of both solid acids and liquid acids. By employing the imidazolium ionic liquid-supported sulfonic acids as an active component of the catalyst, the present invention can significantly improve the conversion of raw materials and the yield of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. At the same time, since 2-mercaptobenzothiazole has the characteristics of high catalytic activity, zero volatility, low corrosiveness, superior thermal stability, etc., the above preparation method also has comprehensive advantages of process simplicity, a low cost, a low tar yield, and high environmental friendliness.

TOLUIC ACID

DIHYDROXYETHYL PIPERAZINE

A process for selectively preparing dihydroxyethyl piperazine by reacting hydroxyethyloxazolidinone with an acid catalyst wherein the selectivity of hydroxyethyloxazolidinone to dihydroxyethyl piperazine is at least 55%.

USE OF AN IONIC COMPOUND, DERIVED FROM MALONONITRILE AS A PHOTOINITIATOR, RADICAL INITIATORS OR CATALYSER IN POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES OR AS A BASIC DYE

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile comme photoinitiateur source d'acide catalyseur dans un procédé de polymérisation ou de réticulation de monomères ou de prépolymères capables de réagir par voie cationique, ou comme catalyseur dans un procédé pour la modification de polymères. L'invention vise également l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans les colorants cationiques.

SOLID ACID CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PREPARING AND USING THE SAME

A solid acid catalyst having a strong acid cation exchange resin having a cross-linking network structure and free aromatic sulfonic acids adsorbed in the network. The solid acid catalyst is prepared by treating a strong acid cation exchange resin with aromatic sulfonic acids in a solution. The catalyst is useful for synthesizing rubber antioxidant RD and other strong-acid catalyzed reactions.

HYDROFORMYLATION PROCESS

Described is a process for hydroformylation of an olefinic compound, which comprises, upon the reaction of the olefinic compound with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in order to prepare, in an industrially advantageous manner, various aldehydes each of which is useful as a starting material for fine chemicals such as pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, alcohols for a plasticizer or starting materials such as diol, dicarboxylic acid, and diamine for the synthesis of a polymer compound, carrying out the reaction in the presence of: a) a rhodium compound, b) a tertiary organic phosphorus compound represented by the following formula (1): P(X1)(X2)(X3-SO3M) (1) wherein X1 and X2 each independently represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1-15 carbon atoms and X, represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1-15 carbon atoms and M represents an alkali metal, and c) a polar organic compound; separating the rhodium compound, the tertiary organic phosphorus compound represented by ...

SURFACE MODIFIED CARBONATE MATERIALS

Greffage d'un polymère à la surface d'un matériau carboné comportant des fonctions carboxyles, amines et/ou hydroxyles à sa surface. On met ce matériau en suspension dans une solution comprenant le polymère à greffer, lequel comporte une fonction carboxyle, amine et/ou hydroxyle, la solution comprenant aussi un solvant du polymère. On effectue ensuite un traitement provoquant la déshydratation en une fonction carboxyle, d'une fonction amine et/ou hydroxyle et l'on greffe ainsi le polymère sur le matériau carboné par des liens esters ou amides. Utilisation dans la cathode ou l'anode d'un générateur électrochimique, dans un matériau polymère peu polaire, dans une encre, et comme dépôt conducteur sur un plastique flexible utilisé comme contact électrique, comme protection électromagnétique ou comme protection antistatique.

ISOMERIZATION OF BISPHENOLS

A catalyst useful for the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone starting material with a phenol was an insoluble mercaptosulfonic acid compound. The heterogeneous catalysts comprise catalytically-active species represented by formula (II). L was an optional linking group and - was a bond, which catalytically-active species was attached by the bond - to an insoluble organic or inorganic support; or a catalytically-active species represented by formula (III), wherein L' was an optional linking group, - was a bond and .theta.' and .theta." were residues of .theta., and a and b were independently selected from integers equal to or greater than 1. These catalysts isomerize o,p-bisphenols to p,p-bisphenols.

Verfahren zur Reaktivierung fester Phthalocyanin-Katalysatoren

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Estern ungesättigter aliphatischer Carbonsäuren

Process for the chemical modification of surfaces of solids

METHOD OF PRODUCING DEHYDRO LINALYL ACETATE (1)

METHOD OF PRODUCING 2 - MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE

N-protected double -3,6 - (4-amino-alkyl) - 2,5-diketopiperazine formation

Process for production of disulfonic acid compound, asymmetric mannich catalyst, process for production of beta-aminocarbonyl derivative, and novel disulfonate salt

Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) is added to a reaction vessel containing (R)-1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-dithiol and potassium hydroxide. The reaction vessel is purged with oxygen, and is stirred at 80 DEG C for 5 days under 7 atmospheres of oxygen. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature and subsequently purified, thereby producing potassium (R)-1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-disulfonate. (R)-1,1'-Binaphthyl-2,2'-disulfonic acid produced from the disulfonate salt and 2,6-diphenylpyridine are stirred together in acetonitrile, and the solvent is distilled away from the reaction solution under reduced pressure. Subsequently, magnesium sulfate and distilled CH2Cl2 are added to the reaction product, and the resulting mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The solution is cooled to 0DEG C, and benzaldehydimine in which nitrogen is protected with Cbz and acethylacetone are added thereto dropwise over 1 hour. The resulting mixture is further stirred at 0 DEG C for 30 minutes. In this ...

Process For The Production Of Glycolic Acid

PROCESS Of ALKYLATION OF OLEFINS BY ISOPARAFFINS

New organometallic salts

MATERIALS COMPRISING OF the ORGANIC GROUPINGS CONTAINING OF the PHOSPHORELIE VIA OXYGEN ATOMS HAS a MINERAL OXIDE

PREPARATION DE B AMINOPROPIONAMIDES

Procédé de préparation d'un beta -aminopropionamide répondant à la formule : ...

Process for catalytic steam-gasification of heavy carbonaceous and hydrocarbon feedstocks

PROCESS OF PRODUCTION OF DERIVED FROM CYCLOHEXANE DIRECTLY STARTING FROM AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AND NEW PRODUCTS THUS OBTAINED

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF HIGH-PURITY ANHYDROSUGAR ALCOHOLS IN HIGH YIELDS BY PREVENTING MODIFICATION IN CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of anhydrosugar alcohols, which can improve the efficiency of separation/refinement and can improve the yield and the purity of anhydrosugar alcohols. The modification of a product in a melt crystallization process can be prevented by adding an agent for preventing the modification to a crystallization process feed in a process for manufacturing high-purity anhydrosugar alcohols by performing the melt crystallization process after the direct distillation. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016 (AA) Modification preventing agent ...

METAL CATALYST COMPOSITION FOR PRODUCING FURFURAL DERIVATIVES FROM RAW MATERIALS OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FURFURAL DERIVATIVES USING THE COMPOSITION

The present invention relates to a metal catalyst composition for producing furfural derivatives from raw materials of lignocellulosic biomass, and to a method for producing furfural derivatives using the composition. The metal catalyst composition comprises ruthenium chloride (RuCl3) and chromium chloride (CrCl2), wherein the chromium chloride (CrCl2) is 300 to 500 weight parts with respect to 100 weight parts of ruthenium chloride (RuCl3). According to the present invention, metal catalysts of multiple types are mixed at an optimum ratio, thus producing furfural derivatives from raw materials of lignocellulosic biomass through a simple reaction process performed in a single reaction device, which might otherwise require multistep processes such as pretreatment and simple saccharification processes as in conventional processes for producing furfural derivatives.

ACID COMPOSITION FOR THE TREATMENT OF FATTY ACIDS

IONIC LIQUIDS WITH A CATION COMPRISING A BASIC MOIETY

Use of ionic liquids as solvents in base-catalysed chemical reactions wherein the ionic liquid is composed of at least one species of cation and at least one species of anion, characterised in that a cation of the ionic liquid comprises a positively charge moiety and a basic moiety, and further wherein such ionic liquids may be used as promoters or catalysts for the chemical reactions.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALDEHYDES

The invention relates to a method for producing aldehydes. According to the inventive method, olefinically unsaturated compounds with 3 to 20 carbon atoms are reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at a temperature of 40 to 200 °C and a pressure of 1 to 50 MPa in the presence of an aqueous hydroformylating catalyst system that contains rhodium and arylphosphines. Said catalyst system additionally contains the salts of aromatic sulfonic, carboxylic or phosphonous acids dissolved therein. The invention further relates to a catalyst system that contains rhodium, arylphosphines and the salts of aromatic sulfonic, carboxylic or phosphonous acids.

ACID CATALYST AND USE THEREOF IN ALKYLATION OF OLEFINS WITH TERTIARY ALKANES

The present invention provides an acid catalyst complex comprising an organosulfonic acid having at least one covalent carbon-fluorine bond or one covalent carbon-phosphorus bond provided by a phosphono radical which has been contacted with a Lewis Acid to produce a catalyst complex containing said Lewis Acid. The present invention also provides a process for the conversion of a reactant into a reaction product in the presence of said catalyst complex. In particular, the catalyst complex is useful for providing a high octane alkylate stream by converting a mixture comprising isoparaffins and olefins into said alkylate in the presence of said catalyst complex.

SURFACE MODIFIED CARBONATE MATERIALS

Disclosed is a method for grafting a polymer onto the surface of a carbonate material with carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl functions on its surface. Said material is placed in suspension in a solution including the polymer to be grafted, which has a carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl function, said solution also being comprised of a polymer solvent. A process which stimulates the dehydration into a carboxyl function of an amine and/or hydroxyl function is then performed, and the polymer is grafted onto the carbonate material using ester or amide links. The invention can be used in the cathode or naode of an electrochemical generator, in polymer materials with low polar properties, in ink, and also as a conductive coating on flexible plastic used as an electrical contact, as electromagnetic shielding, or as static protection.

MALONONITRILE-DERIVATIVE ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

The invention is related to ionic compounds, derivatives of malononitrile, in which the anionic load has been displaced. An ionic compound disclosed by the invention includes an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M+m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO+, an ammonium -NH4+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion corresponds to one of the formulas RD-Y-C(CN)2- or Z-C(CN)2-, wherein Z is an electroattractive group, RD is an organic radical, and Y is a carbonyl, a thiocarbonyl, a sulphonyl, a sulphinyl, or a phosphonyl. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Process for the preparation of a functionalized solid product

A functionalized solid product containing sulphonate or sulphonic acid groups is prepared from an inorganic oxide containing surface hydroxy groups, e.g. silica by reacting the latter in a first stage with a haloalkyl alkoxy- or aryloxysilane. The first stage product is then reacted with an aqueous solution of an inorganic sulphite to give a product containing sulphonate groups. These can be converted to sulphonic acid groups by an optional third stage treatment with dilute mineral acid. The final products are suitable for use as adsorbent materials or catalyst supports.

Catalytic (co)dimerization of alkyl acrylates

The alkyl acrylates, e.g., methyl or ethyl acrylate, are improvedly dimerized, or codimerized with a conjugated diene, by contacting same with a catalytically effective amount of (a) at least one palladium source, (b) at least one organophosphorus(III) compound, and (c) at least one hydracid HY, the anion Y- of which does not coordinate with palladium ions.

Titanium-containing catalyst composition and processes therefor and therewith

A catalyst composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a titanium compound, a complexing agent, a solvent, and optionally a cocatalyst. The cocatalyst can be a cobalt/aluminum catalyst, an antimony compound, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a process for producing the composition. The process comprises combining a titanium compound, a complexing agent, a solvent, and optionally a cocatalyst. Further disclosed is a process for using the composition which comprises contacting a carbonyl compound, in the presence of the composition, with an alcohol under a condition suitable for esterification, transesterification, polymerization, or combinations thereof.

Ethylene dimerization

A novel ethylene dimerization catalyst is provided consisting essentially of a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and an acidic compound. In addition, an improved ethylene dimerization process is provided which comprises contacting ethylene with the novel catalyst composition present, in an effective solvent, at a temperature from about 0° C. to about 200° C. As a result of the inventive process, high catalyst productivity and good selectivity to the desired dimerized product, 1-butene, is obtained.

Process for preparing butyrolactone and method for separating organic phosphorous-ruthenium complex as catalyst and reusing the same

The disclosure describes a method for separating a ruthenium complex, which comprises removing an objective hydrogenation reaction product from a hydrogenation reaction solution of an organic carbonyl compound in the presence of a ruthenium complex having a tertiary organic phosphorus compound as ligand to obtain a catalyst solution, contacting said catalyst solution with a polar solvent, and carrying out a phase-separation into a liquid phase substantially composed of the polar solvent and an another liquid phase substantially containing the ruthenium complex.

Toluic acid

Process for oxidatively carbonylating toluene to toluic acid, at least 50 mol % of the toluic acid being the p-isomer, said process comprising contacting and reacting, at 110 DEG -250 DEG C., at a pressure of at least 500 psi (3.45 MPa), toluene, carbon monoxide, oxygen and the catalyst ingredients consisting essentially of (a) a compound of rhodium or iridium; (b) a sulfur oxy-acid or a Group Ia or IIa metal salt of a sulfur oxy-acid; (c) a sulfur oxy-acid or sulfur oxy-acid mixture having a Hammett acidity value (-Ho) of greater than 7.0; and (d) a cupric salt of a sulfur oxy-acid; said catalyst ingredients containing 0.3-30 mol % of (a) and 70-99.7 mol % of (b+c+d), with the molar ratios (b/a) and (c/a) each being at least 2 and the molar ratio (d/a) being at least 0.5, and recovering toluic acid.

PRODUCTION OF TERT-BUTYL ESTERS OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

A process for continuously preparing the tert-butyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, by a) reacting an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid with isobutene in the presence of an acidic catalyst to give an esterification mixture; b) removing the acidic catalyst; c) removing low-boiling components; and d) supplying a tert-butyl ester-comprising liquid to a distillation apparatus and subjecting it to purifying distillation in the distillation apparatus, where d1) in the distillation apparatus the tert-butyl ester-comprising liquid is separated into a tert-butyl ester-comprising gaseous top product and a carboxylic acid-comprising liquid bottom product; d2) the tert-butyl ester-comprising gaseous top product is at least partly condensed and the condensate is recycled partly as reflux to the distillation apparatus; d3) the carboxylic acid-comprising liquid bottom product is recycled at least partly to step a); d4) carboxylic acid-comprising liquid bottom product is ...

Perfluorinated amide salts and their uses as ionic conducting materials

The invention concerns ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention is comprised of an amide or one of its salts, including an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M<+m >in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; is the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO<+>, an ammonium -NH4+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion matches the formula RF-SOx-N-Z, wherein RF is a perfluorinated group, x is 1 or 2, and Z is an electroattractive substituent. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Process For The Preparation Of Dopo-Derived Compounds And Compositions Thereof

This invention relates to a process for producing compounds derived from 9,10-Dihydro-9-Oxa-10-Phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide (DOPO). In particular, the invention relates to producing DOPO-derived compounds by reacting DOPO with diol compounds in the presence of a catalyst. This invention also relates to DOPO derived composition containing a high melting point diastereomer. The DOPO derived compounds may be useful as flame-retardants.

OXIDATION CATALYST

Method for regenerating a sulfonated aromatic organic polymeric ion-exchange resin bed having deactivated aminoorganomercaptan groups

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА ДЛЯ РАЗЛОЖЕНИЯ АЛКИЛАРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ ГИДРОПЕРОКСИДОВ

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу получения катализатора для разложения алкилароматических гидропероксидов в непрерывном режиме путем смешения сульфирующего реагента с фенолом при температуре 42-56 °С и выдержку полученной реакционной смеси не более 10 мин. Затем температуру полученной реакционной смеси снижают на 10-40 °С и выдерживают смесь при этой температуре перед подачей в реактор в течение 0,5-100 часов. Технический результат заключается в получении катализатора для разложения алкилароматических гидропероксидов, обладающего высокой активностью, а также повышение качества целевого продукта. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 8 табл., 5 пр. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 560 183 C1 (51) МПК B01J 31/02 (2006.01) C07C 37/08 (2006.01) C07C 45/53 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2014132773/04, 08.08.2014 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 08.08.2014 (45) Опубликовано: 20.08.2015 Бюл. № 23 2 5 6 0 1 8 3 R U (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА ДЛЯ РАЗЛОЖЕНИЯ АЛКИЛАРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ ГИДРОПЕРОКСИДОВ (57) Реферат: Настоящее изобретение относится к способу снижают на 10-40 °С и выдерживают смесь при получения катализатора для разложения этой температуре перед подачей в реактор в алкилароматических гидропероксидов в течение 0,5-100 часов. Технический результат непрерывном режиме путем смешения заключается в получении катализатора для сульфирующего реагента с фенолом при разложения алкилароматических температуре 42-56 °С и выдержку полученной гидропероксидов, обладающего высокой реакционной смеси не более 10 мин. Затем активностью, а также повышение качества температуру полученной реакционной смеси целевого продукта. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 8 табл., 5 пр. Стр.: 1 C 1 C 1 Адрес для переписки: 195267, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 39, ООО "НПО ЕВРОХИМ" 2 5 6 0 1 8 3 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске:RU 2334734 C1, 27.09.2008 . RU 2404954 C2, 27.11.2010. EP 0203632 A2, 03.12.1986 (73) ...

Способ получения метилового эфира @ -2-дигидромуконовой кислоты

Изобретение относится к эфирам карбоновых кислот, в частности к получению метилового эфира Δ-2-дигидромуконовой кислоты, которая используется в производстве адипиновой кислоты. Цель - упрощение технологии процесса. Получение ведут каталитической димеризацией метилакрилата в среде органического растворителя при 50-190°С в присутствии катализатора. В качестве последнего используют каталитическую систему, состоящую из дибензилиденацетоната PD(II) или дибензилиденацетоната PD(III) или их смеси, или ацетилацетоната PD(II), или ацетата PO(II) и трибутилфосфония с тетрафторборной кислотой, или гидротрибутилфосфонийтетрафторбората при необходимости с добавкой тетрафторборной кислоты. Процесс проводят при молярном соотношении P:PD=1:1÷4 при молярном соотношении ион H:ион PD=1:1÷10, при этом каталитическую систему растворяют в диэтиловом эфире. Продолжительность процесса сокращается с 10-30ч до 1-5 ч. 3 табл.

Способ получения химически модифицированных твердых тел

VERFAHREN ZUR CHEMISCHEN MODIFIZIERUNG VON OBERFLAECHEN ANORGANISCHER FESTKOERPER

Verfahren zur Regenerierung gebrauchter wasserlöslicher Hydroformylierungskatalysatoren

Verfahren zur Regenerierung gebrauchter, wasserlöslicher Hydroformylierungskatalysatorsysteme und/oder zur Stabilisierung frischer wasserlöslicher Hydroformylierungskatalysatorsysteme, enthaltend Rhodium, Kobalt oder Iridium und Arylphosphine durch Zusatz von Salzen aromatischer Sulfon-, Carbon- oder Phosphonigsäuren.

HYDROCARBONYLATION OF ETHYLENE &C

Process for making esters

Process

A process for the production of glycolic acid (hydroxyacetic acid) from formaldehyde comprising reacting formaldehyde with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of a silica catalyst, wherein from about 200 to about 5000 ppm, preferably 300-500 ppm of an alkyl silyl sulfonic acid, preferably a trihydroxysilylalkyl sulfonic acid is supplied to the reaction. The preferred acids are trihydroxysilylpropyl sulfonic acid and trihydroxysilylethyl sulfonic acid. The silica catalyst may be porous or non-porous and may be functionalised e.g. by the presence of acid groups tethered to the silica support. The alkyl silyl sulfonic acid may be supplied in a recycle product stream. The reaction may be carried out using a solvent including water, propionic acid and 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide. The reaction is preferably conducted at 100-250 ºC and 10-200 bara (0.1-20 MPa).

Process for preparing ambient temperature ionic liquids

PROCEDURE FOR the PRODUCTION OF 2, 3-DIMETHYL-2 BUTEN

FORMED SULFONATGRUPPEN HALTIGE ORGANOPOLYSILOXANE, PROCEDURE FOR YOUR PRODUCTION AND USE

PROCEDURE FOR SULFONYLIERUNG THE ORGANIC HYDROXYL CONNECTION

Procedure for the reactivation of a used Phthalocyaninkatalysators

PROCEDURE FOR the PRODUCTION OF 2AMINOMETHYLPYRIDIN-DERIVATE

SULFONIERTER AMORPHOUS CARBON, PROCESS TO ITS PRODUCTION AND USE FOR IT

CATALYST COMPOSITIONS, PROCEDURES FOR THE COPOLYMERISATION OF OLEFINEN AND CARBON MONOXIDES AND BISPHOSPHIN CONNECTIONS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUIDS IONI WITH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE LIQUID ONE

IMIDAZOLIDINONEN SAUREADDITIONSSALZE ONE AS REACTION CATALYSTS

Process for the preparation of 2-aminomethylpyridine derivative

Method for producing aldehydes

Polyorganosiloxane catalyst

ALKYLATION PROCESS

A CATALYST SYSTEM

... ²²²The present invention provides a catalyst system capable of catalysing the ²carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, which system is ²obtainable by combining: a) a metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB or a compound ²thereof, b) a bidentate phosphine, arsine or stibine ligand, and c) an acid, ²wherein said ligand is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said ²metal or said metal in said metal compound, and that said acid is present in ²at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said ligand, a process for the ²carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, a reaction medium, and ²use of the system.² ...

ADAMANTYLAMINE/LONG CHAIN ALKYLAMINE CATALYSTS AND USE IN PARAFFIN-OLEFIN ALKYLATION PROCESS

A process and new surfactant/hydride transfer catalyst compositions are described for paraffinolefin alkylation under strong acid conditions in which a mixture of one or more adamantane derivatives and one or more surfactants are used to substantially improve the efficiency of reaction while significantly minimizing cracking side reactions.

HYDROGENATION CATALYST AND HYDROGENATION PROCESS WHEREIN SAID CATALYST IS USED

A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by combining at least one Group VIIIA metal compound and at least one alkylalumoxane and a hydrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used to hydrogenate compounds or materials containing ethylenic and/or aromatic unsaturation.

PREPARATION OF FUNCTIONAL SULPHONATED SILICONATED INORGANIC SOLIDS

METHOD FOR DELAYING THE SETTING OF AN ACID-SETTABLE LIQUID IN A TERRESTRIAL ZONE

USE OF AN IONIC COMPOUND, DERIVED FROM MALONONITRILE AS A PHOTOINITIATOR, RADICAL INITIATORS OR CATALYSER IN POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES OR AS A BASIC DYE

... ² La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de composés ²ioniques dérivés du malononitrile comme photoinitiateur source ²d'acide catalyseur dans un procédé de polymérisation ou de ²réticulation de monomères ou de prépolymères capables de réagir ²par voie cationique, ou comme catalyseur dans un procédé pour ²la modification de polymères. L'invention vise également ²l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile ²dans les colorants cationiques.² ...

USE OF AN IONIC COMPOUND, DERIVED FROM MALONONITRILE AS A PHOTOINITIATOR, RADICAL INITIATORS OR CATALYSER IN POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES OR AS A BASIC DYE

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile comme photoinitiateur source d'acide catalyseur dans un procédé de polymérisation ou de réticulation de monomères ou de prépolymères capables de réagir par voie cationique, ou comme catalyseur dans un procédé pour la modification de polymères. L'invention vise également l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans les colorants cationiques.

HYDROFORMYLATION PROCESS

A method for the hydroformylation of an olefinic compound through a reaction of the olefinic compound with hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which comprises effecting the reaction in the presence of: (a) a rhodium compound; (b) a tertiary organophosphorus compound represented by the following general formula (1): P(X1)(X2)(X3-SO3M), wherein X1 and X2 represent each a monovalent C1-15 hydrocarbon group; X3 represents a divalent C1-15 hydrocarbon group; and M represents an alkali metal; and (c) an organic polar compound; extracting the obtained reaction mixture with water to thereby separate the rhodium compound, the compound of the formula (1) and the organic polar compound therefrom; eliminating water from the aqueous layer thus separated; adding thereto at least one acidic material selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acids to thereby give a concentrate containing the compound of the formula (1) and the organic polar compound; and circulating this concentrate into the reactor for ...

METHOD OF CARBONYLATION OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS, NEW LIGANDS FOR CARBONYLATION AND CATALYTIC SYSTEMS, CONTAINING SIMILAR LIGANDS

ТВЁРДЫЙ КИСЛЫЙ КАТАЛИЗАТОР И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

Твёрдый кислый катализатор, имеющий сильную кислую катионообменную смолу, которая имеет структуру сетки поперечных связей и свободные ароматические сульфоновые кислоты, адсорбированные в сетке. Твёрдый кислый катализатор изготавливают, обрабатывая раствором сильную кислую катионообменную смолу с ароматическими сульфоновыми кислотами. Катализатор полезен при синтезе антиоксиданта резины RD и других катализируемых сильными кислотами реакциях.

METHOD OF PRODUCING ESTERS OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID

ТВЁРДЫЙ КИСЛЫЙ КАТАЛИЗАТОР И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к твёрдому кислому катализатору, имеющему сильную кислую катионообменную смолу, которая имеет структуру сетки поперечных связей и свободные ароматические сульфоновые кислоты, адсорбированные в сетке. Твёрдый кислый катализатор изготавливают, обрабатывая раствором сильную кислую катионообменную смолу с ароматическими сульфоновыми кислотами. Катализатор полезен при синтезе антиоксиданта резины RD и других катализируемых сильными кислотами реакциях.

КАТАЛИЗАТОР ОКИСЛЕНИЯ

Катализатор окисления алкана в окисленный углеводород в присутствии кислорода в качестве первого окислителя, включающий активный в окислении-восстановлении металлический центр, который может присутствовать в окисленной или восстановленной форме, кислоту, второй окислитель для окисления восстановленной формы активного в окислении-восстановлении металлического центра и источник оксида азота.

A catalyst system

Catalyst for synthesizing P-methylbenzaldehyde by methylbenzene carbonylation

PROCEDE DE VAPOGAZEIFICATION CATALYTIQUE DE CHARGES CARBONEES ET HYDROCARBONEES LOURDES

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE DE VAPOGAZEIFICATION CATALYTIQUE D'UNE CHARGE CARBONEE OU HYDROCARBONEE LOURDE. SELON L'INVENTION, ON MET EN CONTACT LADITE CHARGE AVEC UN CATALYSEUR CONSTITUE PAR AU MOINS UN SEL METALLIQUE D'HYDROCARBURE SULFONE ET L'ON TRAITE LE MELANGE AINSI REALISE DANS DES CONDITIONS CONNUES EN SOI DE VAPOGAZEIFICATION.

PROCESS IMPROVES OF REGENERATION Of a CATALYST OF METATHESE

FORMATION OF METAL PARTICLES ON A SUPPORT SOLID CONTAINING OXIDE AND PROVIDED WITH TWO CHEMICAL FUNCTIONS DISTINCT GREFFEES

METHOD FOR PREPARING ORGANIC PEROXIDES

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation de peroxyde, comprenant une étape de mise en contact dans un milieu réactionnel d'un composant ayant au moins un groupement alcool tertiaire avec un composé ayant au moins une fonction hydropéroxyde tertiaire en présence d'un catalyseur caractérisé en ce que le catalyseur comprend un acide sulfonique et un acide minéral, le rapport en moles entre l'acide sulfonique et le susdit composant comprenant au moins un groupement alcool tertiaire est compris entre 0,05 et 0,8, et le rapport en moles entre l'acide minéral et le susdit composant comprenant au moins un groupement alcool tertiaire est compris entre 0,05 et 0,8. L'invention se rapporte également au peroxyde directement obtenu par ce procédé de préparation.

PROCEEDED OF SULFONYLATION Of ONE ORGANIC HYDROXYL COMPOSES

PROCESS FOR THE CARBONYLATION OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS, NOVEL CARBONYLATION LIGANDS AND CATALYST SYSTEMS INCORPORATING SUCH LIGANDS

PROCESS FOR THE CARBONYLATION OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS, NOVEL CARBONYLATION LIGANDS AND CATALYST SYSTEMS INCORPORATING SUCH LIGANDS

Imprinted Biomimetic Catalysts for Cellulose Hydrolysis

The present disclosure describes methods and biomimetic catalysts useful for hydrolyzing glucose polymers, such as cellulose, and oligomers, such as cellobiose, to glucose for the subsequent production of ethanol.

PROCESS FOR ESTERIFICATION AND TRANS-ESTERIFICATION REACTIONS

A process for esterification and/or trans-esterification, uses an acid as catalyst in the presence of an anionic surfactant. The process may involve esterifying and/or trans-esterifying at least one fatty acid and/or fatty acid ester with at least one alcohol using at least one acid catalyst, such as methanesulfonic acid, in the presence of at least one anionic surfactant 1. A process , comprising:esterifying and/or trans-esterifying a first reagent comprising a fatty acid and/or a fatty acid ester with a second reagent comprising an alcohol using a catalyst comprising methanesulfonic acid in the presence of an agent comprising an anionic surfactant.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol comprises a mono-alcohol.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol comprises methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , propanol claim 1 , and/or butanol.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol comprises methanol.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is methanol.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid is different from the methanesulfonic acid.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid comprises a saturated fatty acid and/or an unsaturated fatty acid.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid comprises 12 to 20 carbon atoms.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid comprises a saturated fatty acid and/or an unsaturated fatty acid comprising 12 to 20 carbon atoms.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid comprises oleic acid claim 1 , palm fatty acid claim 1 , linoleic acid claim 1 , stearic acid claim 1 , laurylic acid claim 1 , and/or cetyl acid.11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid is obtained from rape seed oil claim 1 , soy bean oil claim 1 , tallow claim 1 , used cooking oil claim 1 , and/or palm distilled fatty acid.12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid ester comprises a saturated fatty acid ester and/or an unsaturated fatty acid ester.13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Phosphonic acid catalyst in dehydrative cyclization of 5 and 6 carbon polyols with improved color and product accountability

A process for preparing cyclic dehydration products from sugar alcohols is described. The process involve using a mixed-acid catalyst reaction mixture containing a reducing acid, having a pKa of about 1.0-1.5, and at least a strong Brønsted acid or a Lewis acid, having a pKa≦0, or both acids in a solution to dehydrate and ring close said sugar alcohol. Synergistically, the mixed-acid catalysis can produce greater amounts of the desired product at similar levels of compositional accountability than either of the component acid catalysts acting alone.

BIS(6-METHYL-3-SULPHOPHENYL)PHENYLPHOSPHINE, AMMONIUM SALT THEREOF, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Provided are a water-soluble triarylphosphine for a palladium catalyst, which has high selectivity in a telomerization reaction and can be recovered with efficiency, an ammonium salt thereof, and a method for efficiently producing the same. Specifically, provided are bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)phenylphosphine; a bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)phenylphosphine diammonium salt obtained by reacting the phosphine with a tertiary amine having a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom; and a method for producing the same. 1. Bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)phenylphosphine.2. A bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)phenylphosphine diammonium salt obtained by a process comprising: reacting the bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)phenylphosphine of with a tertiary amine comprising a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom.3. The bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)phenylphosphine diammonium salt of claim 2 , wherein the tertiary amine is trimethylamine claim 2 , triethylamine claim 2 , tripropylamine claim 2 , triisopropylamine claim 2 , tributylamine claim 2 , triisobutylamine claim 2 , tri-s-butylamine claim 2 , tri-t-butylamine claim 2 , tripentylamine claim 2 , triisopentylamine claim 2 , trineopentylamine claim 2 , trihexylamine claim 2 , triheptylamine claim 2 , trioctylamine claim 2 , triphenylamine claim 2 , tribenzylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylethylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylpropylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylisopropylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylbutylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylisobutylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethyl-s-butylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethyl-t-butylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylpentylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylisopentylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylneopentylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylhexylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylheptylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethyloctylamine claim 2 , N claim 2 ,N-dimethylnonylamine claim 2 , ...

BIS(6-METHYL-3-SULPHOPHENYL)(2-METHYLPHENYL)PHOSPHINE, AMMONIUM SALT THEREOF, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Provided are a water-soluble triarylphosphine for a palladium catalyst, which has high selectivity in a telomerization reaction and is easily recovered with efficiency, an ammonium salt thereof, and a method for efficiently producing the same. Specifically, provided are bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine; a bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine diammonium salt obtained by reacting the phosphine with a tertiary amine having a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom; and a method for producing the same. 21. A bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine diammonium salt obtained by reacting the bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine of claim with a tertiary amine having a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom.3. The bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine diammonium salt of claim 2 ,wherein the tertiary amine is trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, triisopropylamine, tributylamine, triisobutylamine, tri-s-butylamine, tri-t-butylamine, tripentylamine, triisopentylamine, trineopentylamine, trihexylamine, triheptylamine, trioctylamine, triphenylamine, tribenzylamine, N,N-dimethylethylamine, N,N-dimethylpropylamine, N,N-dimethylisopropylamine, N,N-dimethylbutylamine, N,N-dimethylisobutylamine, N,N-dimethyl-s-butylamine, N,N-dimethyl-t-butylamine, N,N-dimethylpentylamine, N,N-dimethylisopentylamine, N,N-dimethylneopentylamine, N,N-dimethylhexylamine, N,N-dimethylheptylamine, N,N-dimethyloctylamine, N,N-dimethylnonylamine, N,N-dimethyldecylamine, N,N-dimethylundecylamine, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, N,N-dimethylphenylamine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N,N-diethylmonomethylamine, N,N-dipropylmonomethylamine, N,N-diisopropylmonomethylamine, N,N-dibutylmonomethylamine, N,N-diisobutylmonomethylamine, N,N-di-s-butylmonomethylamine, N,N-di-t-butylmonomethylamine, N,N-dipentylmonomethylamine, N,N-diisopentylmonomethylamine, N,N- ...

Formation of N-Protected bis-3,6-(4-aminoalkyl)-2,5,diketopiperazine

The disclosed embodiments detail improved methods for the synthesis of diketopiperazines from amino acids. In particular improved methods for the cyclocondensation and purification of N-protected 3,6-(aminoalkyl)-2,5-diketopiperazines from N-protected amino acids. Disclosed embodiments describe methods for the synthesis of 3,6-bis-[N-protected aminoalkyl]-2,5-diketopiperazine comprising heating a mixture of an amino acid in the presence of a catalyst in an organic solvent. The catalyst is selected from the group comprising sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, 1-propylphosphonic acid cyclic anhydride, tributyl phosphate, phenyl phosphonic acid and phosphorous pentoxide among others. The solvent is selected from the group comprising: dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, diglyme, ethyl glyme, proglyme, ethyldiglyme, m-cresol, p-cresol, o-cresol, xylenes, ethylene glycol and phenol among others.

PROCESS OF PRODUCTION OF DEHYDROLINALYL ACETATE (I)

The present invention is related to a novel and improved process for the production of dehydrolinalyl acetate (DLA), which IUPAC name is acetic acid 1-ethynyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-4-enyl ester, starting from dehydrolinalool (DLL), which IUPAC name is 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-yn-3-ol, by catalytic acetylation. 2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein M is Sc and x is 3 or wherein M is Zn and x is 2.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein ratio of compound of formula (I): catalyst is 1000:1 up to 100′000:1 claim 1 , preferably 10′000:1 up to 50′000:1.4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is carried out at a temperature of 30-70° C. claim 1 , preferably 30-60° C.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is carried out at normal pressure.6. A process according to claim 1 , wherein ratio of acetic anhydride to compound of formula (II) is 1:1 up to 3:1 preferably 1.1:1 up to 2:1.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the process according is carried out without any solvents.8. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture is usually neutralized after the process and the remaining acetate anhydride and the acetic acid is removed from the reaction solution. The present invention is related to a novel and improved process for the production of dehydrolinalyl acetate (DLA), which IUPAC name is acetic acid 1-ethynyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-4-enyl ester, starting from dehydrolinalool (DLL), which IUPAC name is 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-yn-3-ol, by catalytic acetylation.Dehydrolinalyl acetate (compound of formula (I))is an important and valuable compound for the use in the field of flavour and fragrance applications.DLA can also be used in the production of linalylacetate (compound of formula (IV))which is also an important and valuable compound for the use in the field of flavour and fragrance applications.Nowadays, DLA is usually produced by an acetylation of DLL by using p-toluene sulfonic acid as an “organic-soluble” acid catalyst. ...

BIS(6-METHYL-3-SULPHOPHENYL)(2-METHYLPHENYL)PHOSPHINE, AMMONIUM SALT THEREOF, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Provided are a water-soluble triarylphosphine for a palladium catalyst, which has high selectivity in a telomerization reaction and is easily recovered with efficiency, an ammonium salt thereof, and a method for efficiently producing the same. Specifically, provided are bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine; a bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine diammonium salt obtained by reacting the phosphine with a tertiary amine having a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom; and a method for producing the same. 17-. (canceled)8. A method of performing a telomerization reaction , comprising reacting an alkadiene with water in the presence of a bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine diammonium salt ,wherein the bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)(2-methylphenyl)phosphine diammonium salt is obtained by reacting bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)(2-methlyphenyl)phosphine with a tertiary amine having a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the tertiary amine is selected from the group consisting of trimethylamine claim 8 , triethylamine claim 8 , tripropylamine claim 8 , triisopropylamine claim 8 , tributylamine claim 8 , triisobutylamine claim 8 , tri-s-butylamine claim 8 , tri-t-butylamine claim 8 , tripentylamine claim 8 , triisopentylamine claim 8 , trineopentylamine claim 8 , trihexylathine claim 8 , triheptylamine claim 8 , trioctylamine claim 8 , triphenylamine claim 8 , tribenzylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylethylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylpropylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylisopropylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylbutylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylisobutylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethyl-s-butylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethyl-t-butylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylpentylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylisopentylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylneopentylamine claim 8 , N ...

MATERIAL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING REFRACTORY MATERIAL-BASED 3D PRINTED OBJECTS

A material system and method for bonding refractory powders in a three dimensional printer. A first particulate component including a refractory material is mixed with a first reactive component to form a particulate mixture. A flat layer of the particulate mixture is dispensed onto a build surface. A liquid binder, which may include a furan monomer and a surfactant, is dispensed by an ink-jet printhead onto the particulate mixture. The particulate mixture may contain a furan-soluble polymer that imposes a capillary attraction for the liquid binder, keeping it situated in the immediate vicinity of where the binder is dispensed. Additionally it provides a sufficient catalytic power to co-polymerize with the furan monomer and form a solid structure. This enables a 3D printer to build strong, accurate parts with high packing density, and to reuse the feed material many times in the printer. 1. A method for forming a solid object , the method comprising the steps of:a. providing a first mixture comprising a first particulate component and a at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbohydrate, cellulose, starch, dextrin, tannin, phenolic polymer, polymeric tannin, proanthocyanidin, activated carbon, catechol and derivatives thereof;b. providing an acid;c. combining the first mixture and the acid to form a first reactive component, wherein the first reactive component is a particulate;d. dispensing a substantially flat layer of the first reactive component onto a build surface; ande. applying a liquid binder comprising a second reactive component onto at least a portion of the flat layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first particulate component is a refractory material selected from the group consisting of silica claim 1 , sand claim 1 , a silicate mineral claim 1 , a silicate glass claim 1 , a synthetic ceramic claim 1 , a fibrous ceramic claim 1 , a granulated porous ceramic claim 1 , and a non-silicate mineral.3. The method of wherein the ...

Green preparation method for quinoline compounds

Pharmaceutical and chemical intermediates and related chemistry providing a green preparation method for quinoline compounds. N-Substituted arylamine derivatives as raw material react with arylacetylene or arylethylene derivatives for 24 hours at 80° C.-160° C. in the presence of Brønsted acid catalyst and oxidant without solvent, to obtain quinoline compounds. Beneficial characteristics include convenient operation, mild reaction conditions, environmentally friendly property and possibility of realizing industrialization, and provides the quinoline compounds in high yields. The quinoline compounds synthesized by this method can be further functionalized into various compounds which have potential applications in development and research of natural products, functional materials and fine chemicals.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GLYCOLIC ACID

A process for the production of glycolic acid or derivatives thereof from formaldehyde comprising reacting formaldehyde with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of a silica catalyst, wherein from about 200 to about 5000 ppm of an alkyl silyl sulfonic acid is supplied to the reaction. 1. A process for the production of glycolic acid or derivatives thereof from formaldehyde comprising reacting formaldehyde with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of a silica catalyst , wherein from about 200 to about 5000 ppm of an alkyl silyl sulfonic acid is supplied to the reaction.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the silica is porous.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the silica has a surface area of from about 250 to about 500 m2 and a pore volume of from about 0.2 to 1 cc/g.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the silica is functionalised.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the functionalization is the presence of acid groups tethered to the silica support.6. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the acid groups are alkyl sulphonic acid groups.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the alkyl silyl sulfonic acid is trihydroxysilylalkyl sulphonic acid claim 1 , such as trihydroxysilylpropyl sulphonic acid claim 1 , or trihydroxysilylethyl sulfonic acid.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the alkyl silyl sulfonic acid is supplied in a recycle product stream.9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the alkyl silyl sulfonic acid is added in an amount of from about 300 ppm to about 500 ppm.10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the water is present in an amount from the stoichiometric requirement to a molar ratio of about 4:1 water:formaldehyde.11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent.12. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the solvent is water claim 11 , a carboxylic acid such as propionic acid or a sulphone claim 11 , such ...

Method of producing furan carboxylates from aldaric acids by using solid heterogeneous catalyst

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing furan carboxylates from aldaric acids in the presence of a solid heterogeneous catalyst and a solvent with short reaction time. The feedstock for the production is a stable compound, which allows industrial scaling of the process. Solid acid catalyst and sustainable solvent provide considerable reduction of toxic waste compared to traditional methods, and recyclability. 1. A method of producing furan carboxylates and furan dicarboxylates from aldaric acids , comprising mixing together an aldaric acid , a solid heterogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of perfluorosulfonic acid polymer , phenyl sulfonic acid ethyl sulfide silica , sulfonated alumina catalyst and sulfonated zirconia catalyst , and a solvent at temperature between 130 and 250° C. , and by applying a reaction time of 0.25 to 9 hours , to form a solution comprising furan esters.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:charging an aldaric acid, a non-toxic heterogeneous solid acid catalyst and an organic solvent into a pressure reaction vessel to form a reaction mixture,heating the reaction mixture to temperature between 130 and 250° C. in said reaction vessel,maintaining the temperature in the reaction vessel for a pre-determined reaction time, andrecovering the desired furan ester(s) and/or acid(s) from the reaction mixture.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying a reaction time of 0.25 to 4 hours claim 1 , preferably 0.5 to 2 hours claim 1 , and most suitably about 1 hour.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aldaric acid is either galactaric acid or glucaric acid in either free acid or ester form.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is water or tetrahydrofuran (THF) or mixtures thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is an alcohol solvent selected from monovalent or polyvalent C-Calcohols claim 1 , or any combination thereof.7. The ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING DEHYDRO ROSE OXIDE

The present invention relates to a method for producing dehydro rose oxide by reacting isoprenol and prenal in the presence of at least one sulfonic acid of formula R—SOH as catalyst, wherein Ris selected from phenyl which carries 2 or 3 C-C-alkyl substituents, phenyl which carries one C-C-alkyl substituent and optionally also 1 or 2 C-C-alkyl substituents, and naphthyl which optionally carries 1 or 2 C-C-alkyl substituents. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where Ris selected from phenyl which carries 2 or 3 C-C-alkyl substituents or one C-C-alkyl substituent claim 1 , and naphthyl.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , where Ris selected from phenyl which carries one C-C-alkyl substituent.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , where Ris selected from phenyl which carries one C-C-alkyl substituent.5. The method as claimed in claim 2 , where Ris selected from phenyl which carries 2 or 3 C-C-alkyl substituents.6. The method as claimed in claim 5 , where Ris selected from phenyl which carries 2 or 3 C-C-alkyl substituents claim 5 , where 1 or 2 of these C-C-alkyl substituents are bound ortho to the SOH group.7. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , where the catalyst is present in an amount of from 0.01 to 1 mol-% claim 1 , relative to the amount of 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol present.8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol and 3-methylbut-2-enal are present in a weight ratio of from 5:1 to 1:5.9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where the reaction is carried out at a temperature from 60 to 200° C.10. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where the reaction is carried out at a pressure of from 100 to 1200 mbar.11. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where the reaction is carried out in a solvent which can farm an azeotrope with water.12. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where the solvent is selected from cyclohexane claim 1 , benzene claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , ethylbenzene claim 1 , ortho-xylene claim 1 , meta-xylene ...

SYNTHESIS OF CANNABIGEROL

Multiple methods of synthesizing cannabigerol are presented. Combining olivetol with geraniol derivatives are provided. Cross-coupling methods of combing functionalized resorcinols are provided. Useful intermediates are formed during such cross-coupling steps. 8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the solvent is at least one of methyl tert-butyl ether (“MTBE”) claim 7 , acetonitrile claim 7 , toluene claim 7 , ethanol claim 7 , heptane claim 7 , hexane claim 7 , pentane claim 7 , acetone claim 7 , ethyl acetate claim 7 , butyl acetate claim 7 , isobutyl acetate claim 7 , t-butyl acetate claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 1 claim 7 ,4-dioxane claim 7 , chloroform claim 7 , or dichloromethane.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is pTSA.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is one of CSA claim 7 , MsOH claim 7 , FeCl3 claim 7 , or AcCl.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein reacting the solution comprises reacting the solution at a temperature for a period of time between about 20 minutes and 24 hours.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the temperature is between about 55° C. and 100° C. claim 11 , and the percent of conversion of olivetol to CBG is at least about 45%.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the period of time is no greater than about 1.5 hours.14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the olivetol and the geraniol is added in a molar ratio of about 1:1.15. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:separating CBG from the reactant solution using at least one separation technique.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the separation technique comprises a method having the steps of:neutralizing the reactant solution and adding a desiccant to form a neutralized solution;filtering the neutralized solution and evaporating the solvent to form a concentrated oil;adding lipophilic solvent to the concentrated oil to form a reactant oil; andprecipitating CBG.17. The method of ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ESTER WITH LOW POLLUTANT DISCHARGE

The present application discloses a method for producing acrylate with low pollutant discharge. The method has the advantages of high raw material utilization efficiency, low concentration, low salinity and low toxicity of wastewater pollutant, easy treatment of wastewater and etc. 110-. (canceled)11. A method for producing acrylates with low pollutant discharge comprising the following steps:(1) subjecting an acrylic acid, a catalyst and an alcohol to an esterification reaction in an esterification reactor to produce an esterified product;(2) washing the esterified product of step (1) with water to recover the catalyst and the unreacted acrylic acid, and recycling the recovered catalyst and the unreacted acrylic acid back to the esterification reactor;(3) washing the esterified product with an alkali after water washing to further remove the organic acid in the product;(4) rectifying the esterified product after the alkali washing, and removing the light components and the heavy components to obtain a product;wherein the method further comprises:(5) collecting a wastewater phase containing wastewater produced by alkali washing, and recovering alcohols and esters in the wastewater phase;(6) treating the wastewater produced after recovering the alcohols and the esters in step (5) by a multi-stage bipolar membrane electrodialysis system to recover the organic acid solution and the alkali solution therein, wherein the multistage bipolar membrane electrodialysis systems are multiple bipolar membrane electrodialysis devices using the same type of the membrane stack structure,wherein the bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stacks employ a structure in which a bipolar membrane-an anion exchange membrane-a cation exchange membrane are alternately arranged, the initial solution in the feed chamber of each stage device is the pretreated acrylate wastewater; the initial solution in the acid chamber of the first stage device is desalted water or a solution containing the ...

Antifouling oligomerization catalyst systems

A catalyst system that may reduce polymeric fouling may include at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and an antifouling agent. The antifouling agent may be chosen from one or more of a phosphonium or phosphonium salt; a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt; a sulfonium or sulfonium salt; an ester including a cyclic moiety; an anhydride; a polyether; and a long-chained amine-capped compound. The catalyst system may further include a non-polymeric ether compound.

ANTIFOULING OLIGOMERIZATION CATALYST SYSTEMS

A catalyst system that may reduce polymeric fouling may include at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and an antifouling agent. The antifouling agent may be chosen from one or more of a phosphonium or phosphonium salt; a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt; a sulfonium or sulfonium salt; an ester including a cyclic moiety; an anhydride; a polyether; and a long-chained amine-capped compound. The catalyst system may further include a non-polymeric ether compound. 1. A catalyst that reduces polymeric fouling , the catalyst system comprising:at least one titanate compound;at least one aluminum compound; andan antifouling agent chosen from one or more of a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt, or a sulfonium or sulfonium salt.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , where the antifouling agent comprises a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt.3. The catalyst of claim 2 , where the antifouling agent comprises one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate claim 2 , sodium dioctylsulfonsuccinate claim 2 , tetrabutylphosphonium methanesulfonate claim 2 , tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate claim 2 , hexadecyltrimethylammonium p-toluene sulfonate claim 2 , 3-(dimethyl(octadecyl)ammonio)propane-1-sulfonate claim 2 , 3 claim 2 ,3′-(1 claim 2 ,4-didodecylpiperazine-1 claim 2 ,4-diium-1 claim 2 ,4-diyl)bis(propane-1-sulfonate) claim 2 , and 3-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , where the antifouling agent comprises a sulfonium or sulfonium salt.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , further comprising a non-polymeric ether compound.6. The catalyst of claim 5 , where the non-polymeric ether compound is tetrahydrofuran claim 5 , a dioxane claim 5 , or tetrahydropyran.7. The catalyst system of claim 1 , where at least one of the titanate compounds is an alkyl titanate.8. The catalyst system of claim 7 , where the alkyl titanate has the structure Ti(OR) claim 7 , where R is a branched or straight chain alkyl radical comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms.9. The ...

BIS(6-METHYL-3-SULPHOPHENYL)PHENYLPHOSPHINE, AMMONIUM SALT THEREOF, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Provided are a water-soluble triarylphosphine for a palladium catalyst, which has high selectivity in a telomerization reaction and can be recovered with efficiency, an ammonium salt thereof, and a method for efficiently producing the same. Specifically, provided are bis(6-methyl--sulphophenyl)phenylphosphine; a bis(-methyl--sulphonatopheyl)phenylphosphine diammonium salt obtained by reacting the phosphine with a tertiary amine having a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom; and a method for producing the same. 17-. (canceled)8: A method of performing a telomerization reaction , comprising reacting an alkadiene with water in the presence of a solid bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)phenylphosphine diammonium salt ,wherein the solid bis(6-methyl-3-sulphonatophenyl)phenylphosphine diammonium salt is obtained by a process comprising: reacting bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)phenylphosphine with a tertiary amine comprising a total of 3 to 27 carbon atoms in groups bonded to one nitrogen atom.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the tertiary amine is at least one selected from the group consisting of trimethylamine claim 8 , triethylamine claim 8 , tripropylamine claim 8 , triisopropylamine claim 8 , tributylamine claim 8 , triisobutylamine claim 8 , tri-s-butylamine claim 8 , tri-t-butylamine claim 8 , tripentylamine claim 8 , triisopentylamine claim 8 , trineopentylamine claim 8 , trihexylamine claim 8 , triheptylamine claim 8 , trioctylamine claim 8 , triphenylamine claim 8 , tribenzylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylethylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylpropylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylisopropylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylbutylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylisobutylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethyl-s-butylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethyl-t-butylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylpentylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylisopentylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 ,N-dimethylneopentylamine claim 8 , N claim 8 , ...

SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON MICROSPHERES AND THEIR CATALYST ACTIVITY IN C-O AND C-N BOND FORMATION REACTIONS

Disclosed herein is a simple process for functionalization/grafting of carbon microspheres obtained from bagasse with various active functional groups onto it and use of the same as catalyst for various organic reactions, having very high selectivity and conversion rate. 1. A process for preparation of functionalized carbon microspheres by grafting catalytically active functional groups on to carbon microspheres obtained from bagasse to generate acidic or basic surface wherein said process comprising the steps of;a) heating bagasse, water and oxalic acid at temperature ranging between 150 to 180° C. for a period ranging between 6 to 12 h to obtain carbon microspheres;b) refluxing of carbon microspheres as obtained in step (a) and an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, n-hexane, toluene or lower alcohols in the presence of functional group grafting agent at temp ranging between 80-120° C. for a period in the range of 8-12 h h to obtain functionalized carbon microspheres.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein functional group grafting agent in step (b) is selected from the group consisting of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) (3-(2aminoethylamino) propyl)-trimethoxysilane claim 1 , (3-(mecaptopropyl)-trimethoxy sila claim 1 , 3-cyanopropyltriethoxysilane.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the active functional groups are selected from the group consisting of silylated acid claim 1 , amine claim 1 , SOH groups to obtain acidic claim 1 , or basic functional characteristics.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the diameter or the particle size of functionalized CMS is 1 to 5 μm.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the said functionalized carbon microspheres catalyze C—O and C—N bond formation reactions in high selectivity and conversion rate.6. The process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein C—O formation reactions is epoxidation process which comprises mixing olefin claim 5 , an oxidant HO claim 5 , an ...

Formation of N-Protected 3,6-bis-(4-aminoalkyl)-2,5,diketopiperazine

The disclosed embodiments detail improved methods for the synthesis of diketopiperazines from amino acids. In particular improved methods for the cyclocondensation and purification of N-protected 3,6-(aminoalkyl)-2,5-diketopiperazines from N-protected amino acids. Disclosed embodiments describe methods for the synthesis of 3,6-bis-[N-protected am inoalkyl]-2,5-diketopiperazine comprising heating a mixture of an amino acid in the presence of a catalyst in an organic solvent. The catalyst is selected from the group comprising sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, 1-propylphosphonic acid cyclic anhydride, tributyl phosphate, phenyl phosphonic acid and phosphorous pentoxide among others. The solvent is selected from the group comprising: dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, diglyme, ethyl glyme, proglyme, ethyldiglyme, m-cresol, p-cresol, o-cresol, xylenes, ethylene glycol and phenol among others. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein n is equal to 3.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein PG is trifluoroacetyl.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein PG is Cbz.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is ε-trifluoroacetyl-L-lysine.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is selected from sulfuric acid claim 1 , phosphoric add claim 1 , p-toluenesulfonic acid claim 1 , 1-propylphosphonic acid cyclic anhydride claim 1 , tributyl phosphate claim 1 , phenyl phosphonic acid and phosphorous pentoxide.8. The method of wherein the mixture is heated for between 0.25 and 6 hours.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is ε-trifluoroacetyl-L-lysine.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is ε-Cbz-L-lysine.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is γ-trifluoroacetyl-ornithine.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is γ-Cbz-ornithine.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst ...

THE OPTIMIZATION OF O-SULFONATED PHENOL PRODUCTION FOR CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE CLEAVAGE

A method for the manufacture of a sulfonated phenol for use as a cumene hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst can comprise: combining phenol and a sulfonating agent at a first temperature that is 1° C. to 15° C. higher than a melting temperature of the phenol, to form a reaction mixture at the first temperature; reducing the first temperature of the reaction mixture to a second temperature that is 10 to 40° C. lower than the first temperature; and forming the sulfonated phenol at the second temperature. 1. A method for the manufacture of a sulfonated phenol for use as a cumene hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst , comprising:combining phenol and a sulfonating agent at a first temperature that is 1° C. to 15° C. higher than a melting temperature of the phenol, to form a reaction mixture at the first temperature;reducing the first temperature of the reaction mixture to a second temperature that is 10 to 40° C. lower than the first temperature; andforming the sulfonated phenol at the second temperature.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phenol and the sulfonating agent are combined in a molar ratio of 50:1 to 1:3.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sulfonating agent comprises sulfuric acid claim 1 , acetyl sulfate claim 1 , sulfur trioxide claim 1 , fuming sulfuric acid claim 1 , or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combining comprises adding the sulfonating agent to the phenol.5. The method of claim 1 , comprising forming o-sulfonated phenol and p-sulfonated phenol in a weight ratio of o-sulfonated phenol to p-sulfonated phenol greater than or equal to 1.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining the second temperature over a time period of 0.5 hours to 100 hours.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combining is in a first reactor zone claim 1 , the reducing the first temperature is in a second reactor zone claim 1 , and the forming is in a third reactor zone.8. The method of claim 7 , ...

HIGH CHARGE DENSITY STRUCTURES, INCLUDING CARBON-BASED NANOSTRUCTURES AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

The present invention generally provides compositions including carbon-based nanostructures, catalyst materials and systems, and related methods. In some cases, the present invention relates to carbon-based nanostructures comprising a high density of charged moieties. Methods of the invention may provide the ability to introduce a wide range of charged moieties to carbon-based nanostructures. The present invention may provide a facile and modular approach to synthesizing molecules that may be useful in various applications including sensors, catalysts, and electrodes. 1120-. (canceled)121. A catalyst composition , comprising:a plurality of carbon-based nanostructures, each carbon-based nanostructure comprising a fused network of aromatic rings, a plurality of charged moieties attached to the carbon-based nanostructure, and a five-membered ring fused to the carbon-based nanostructure via two atoms of the carbon-based nanostructure, wherein the five-membered ring comprises a combination of carbon atoms and heteroatoms.; anda fluid carrier,wherein the catalyst composition has a carbon-based nanostructure concentration greater than about 3 mg per mL of fluid carrier.122. A catalyst composition as in claim 121 , further comprising a catalytic species.123. A catalyst composition as in claim 122 , wherein the catalytic species comprises a metal claim 122 , metal-containing species claim 122 , organic molecule claim 122 , or combinations thereof.124. A catalyst composition as in claim 123 , wherein the catalytic species comprises palladium claim 123 , copper claim 123 , or combinations thereof.125. A catalyst composition as in claim 121 , wherein the charged moieties do not comprise —OH claim 121 , —NH claim 121 , —COO— claim 121 , —SH claim 121 , —CHO claim 121 , a ketone claim 121 , an azide claim 121 , or a halide.126. A catalyst composition as in claim 121 , wherein the charged moieties are negatively charged moieties.127. A catalyst composition as in claim 121 , ...

Process for Preparing a Monolithic Catalysis Element Comprising a Fibrous Support and Said Monolithic Catalysis Element

A process for preparing a monolithic catalysis element includes a fibrous support and a catalytic phase supported by the fibrous support and also the monolithic catalysis element. The process includes the steps of preparing a porous coherent structure based on refractory fibers; preparing a substrate including the porous coherent structure and nanocarbon supported by the porous coherent structure in the body thereof; and grafting to the substrate, by π interaction, of at least one aromatic compound containing in its chemical formula, at least one aromatic ring, and at least one function chosen from acid catalytic functions, basic catalytic functions, metallic precursor functions, functions that can be converted in situ into metallic precursor functions, and mixtures thereof. 122-. (canceled)23. A process for preparing a monolithic catalysis element comprising a fibrous support and a catalytic phase supported by said fibrous support , wherein it comprises:the preparation of a porous coherent structure based on refractory fibers;the preparation of a substrate comprising said porous coherent structure and nanocarbon supported by said porous coherent structure in the body thereof; andthe grafting to said substrate, by π interaction, of at least one aromatic compound containing in its chemical formula, at least one aromatic ring and at least one function chosen from the group consisting of acid catalytic functions, basic catalytic functions, metallic precursor functions, functions that can be converted in situ into metallic precursor functions, and mixtures thereof.24. The process as claimed in claim 23 , further comprising said grafting of at least one aromatic compound containing in its chemical formula at least one function chosen from functions that can be converted in situ into metallic precursor functions and in that it further comprises the conversion claim 23 , in situ claim 23 , of said at least one function into at least one metallic precursor function.25. The ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING ORGANIC PEROXIDES

A method for preparing peroxide, including a step of treating, in a reaction medium, a component having at least one tertiary alcohol grouping with a compound having at least one tertiary hydroperoxide function in the presence of a catalyst, said method being characterised in that the catalyst includes a sulphonic acid and a inorganic acid, the molar ratio between the sulphonic acid and the aforementioned component including at least one tertiary alcohol grouping ranges from 0.05 to 0.8, and the molar ratio between the inorganic acid and the aforementioned component including at least one tertiary alcohol grouping ranges from 0.05 to 0.8. Also, to the peroxide resulting directly from said preparation method. 1. A process for preparing peroxide , comprising a step of placing in contact in a reaction medium a component containing at least one tertiary alcohol group with a compound containing at least one tertiary hydroperoxide function in the presence of a catalyst , wherein:the catalyst comprises a sulfonic acid and a mineral acid,the mole ratio between the sulfonic acid and said component comprising at least one tertiary alcohol group is between 0.05 and 0.8, andthe mole ratio between the mineral acid and said component comprising at least one tertiary alcohol group is between 0.05 and 0.8.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mole ratio between the sulfonic acid and the component comprising at least one tertiary alcohol group is between 0.1 and 0.6.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mole ratio between the mineral acid and the component comprising at least one tertiary alcohol group is between 0.1 and 0.6.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the process is performed at atmospheric pressure (±0.2 bar).5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said component and/or said compound comprises one or more aromatic functions such that the peroxide comprises at least one aromatic function.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , ...

Method of producing glycolic acid polymers

Described herein is a feasible, significantly simplified production method that avoids challenging lactonization steps and converts a low molecular weight aliphatic polyester, consisting of hydroxy acids and a comonomer, whose molecular weight has been increased by step-growth polymerization reactions. The molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester, based on comparison of initial and final weight average molecular weights (M/M), increased significantly at a rate which permits the use of reactive extrusion to produce high molecular weight aliphatic polyesters in a simple, economically feasible manner. 3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein polymerization of the corresponding monomers is carried out in an initial solid state at 200° C. or less for a pro-longed period of time under reduced pressure claim 1 , followed by a final dehydration claim 1 , the initial polymerization being carried out for a time of less than 36 h and dehydration step being carried out at a time of less than 24 h.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein condensation polymerization claim 1 , optionally in combination with a dehydration step claim 1 , is continued until a polymer comprising least 5 residues of glycolic acid is obtained.5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising preparing glycolic acid homo- or copolymers.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the yield of the polymer is more than 80% claim 1 , in particular more than 90%.7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising preparing glycolic acid homopolymer exhibiting a molecular weight above 30 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein condensation polymerization is carried out at a temperature of 120 to 250° C. claim 1 , optionally in an inert atmosphere or under reduced pressure.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein condensation polymerisation of glycolic acid is performed at temperatures below the melting point of the product polyglycolic acid claim 1 , in ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING N,N-DISUBSTITUTED AMIDE AND CATALYST FOR PRODUCING N,N-DISUBSTITUTED AMIDE

A method of producing an N,N-disubstituted amide of the present invention is a method of reacting a nitrile with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the nitrile is a compound represented by RCN (Rrepresents an alkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms or an aryl group having 10 or less carbon atoms), wherein the alcohol is a compound represented by ROH (Rrepresents an alkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms), wherein the catalyst is a metal salt represented by MXn (M represents a metal cation having an oxidation number of n, X represents a monovalent anion including a substituted sulfonyl group represented by —S(═O)—R(Rrepresents a hydrocarbon group having 10 or less carbon atoms or a group in which some or all of hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon group are substituted with fluorine atoms), and n represents an integer of 1 to 4), a substituent bonded to a carbon atom in a carbonyl group of the N,N-disubstituted amide is R, and two substituents bonded to nitrogen atoms in an amide group are both R. 1. A method of producing an N ,N-disubstituted amide by reacting a nitrile with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst , {'br': None, 'sup': '1', 'RCN'}, 'wherein the nitrile is a compound represented by'}{'sup': '1', '(in the formula, Rrepresents an alkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms or an aryl group having 10 or less carbon atoms),'} {'br': None, 'sup': '2', 'ROH'}, 'wherein the alcohol is a compound represented by'}{'sup': '2', '(in the formula, Rrepresents an alkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms),'} {'br': None, 'MXn'}, 'wherein the catalyst includes a metal salt represented by'}{'sub': '2', 'sup': 3', '3, '(in the formula, M represents a metal cation having an oxidation number of n, X represents a monovalent anion including at least one substituted sulfonyl group represented by —S(═O)—R(in the formula, Rrepresents a hydrocarbon group having 10 or less carbon atoms or a group in which some or all of hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon ...

METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYETHERS

A method for the preparation of polyethers is provided, the method using a protic ionic salt formed by the combination of a Bronsted acid and a Bronsted base, as well as to the polyethers obtained using the method. 2. A method for preparing polyethers , comprising the steps of:a) mixing at least one optionally substituted and optionally polymeric alcohol comprising at least two terminal hydroxyl groups with a protic ionic salt formed by the combination of a Brønsted acid and a Brønsted base, wherein the molar proportion of the protic ionic salt with respect to the total amount of moles of the alcohol is between 1 to 15%;b) heating the mixture obtained in step (a) at a temperature comprised between 100° C. and 300° C.3. (canceled)4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one alcohol comprising two or more terminal hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols claim 2 , aromatic alcohols claim 2 , aromatic alcohols and heterocyclic alcohols.7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein A is independently selected from C-Calkyl optionally substituted with one or more R and optionally intercalated with one or more Z.8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein each occurrence of R is independently selected from the group consisting of OH and linear or branched C-Calkyl optionally substituted and optionally intercalated with one or more Z.9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein each occurrence of R is independently selected from the group consisting of OH and linear or branched C-Calkyl.10. The method according to claim 5 , wherein Z is independently selected from oxygen claim 5 , C-Ccycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more R claim 5 , or C-Caryl optionally substituted with one or more R.11. The method according to claim 5 , wherein Z is independently selected from oxygen claim 5 , C-Ccycloalkyl claim 5 , or C-Caryl.12. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the polyether has a number average molecular weight ...

RECOVERY OF ACETIC ACID

The present technology relates to the production and recovery of acetic acid. The recovery processes may include providing a first process stream including acetic acid and greater than 250 ppm of propionic acid; separating at least a portion of the propionic acid from the acetic acid within the first process stream to provide an acetic acid stream including acetic acid and less than 250 ppm of propionic acid and a bottoms stream including propionic acid and acetic acid; reacting the bottoms stream to form a product stream including components of respectively lower boiling points than corresponding components in the bottoms stream; and separating components of the product stream to form an overhead stream including one or more acetates and a bottoms stream including one or more propionates. 1. An acetic acid production process comprising:contacting methanol, carbon monoxide and optionally methyl acetate in the presence of a reaction medium comprising a carbonylation catalyst under carbonylation conditions sufficient to form a carbonylation product comprising acetic acid; and flashing the carbonylation product to form a vapor fraction and a liquid fraction;', 'separating components in the vapor fraction to form a first overhead stream, a first acetic acid stream and a first bottoms stream;', 'drying the acetic acid stream to remove water therefrom, forming a water stream and a second acetic acid stream;', 'separating components in the second acetic acid stream to form an acetic acid product stream and a second bottoms stream;', 'contacting the second bottoms stream with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst under esterification conditions sufficient to form an esterification product stream comprising alkyl acetate and alkyl propionate; and', 'separating at least a portion of the alkyl acetate from the alkyl propionate within the esterification product stream to form a second overhead stream comprising alkyl acetate and a third bottoms stream comprising alkyl ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING FAT ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES

The invention relates to a process for preparing fatty alcohol ethoxylates. According to the invention, the fatty alcohol ethoxylates are not obtained by means of the reaction of the fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide, as known from the prior art, but rather by etherification with ethylene glycol, an oligo ethylene glycol or a polyethylene glycol in the presence of an acidic catalyst. 111.-. (canceled)12. A process for preparing fatty alcohol ethoxylates , comprising reacting the fatty alcohol with ethylene glycol , an oligo ethylene glycol or a polyethylene glycol in the presence of an acidic catalyst.13. The process according to claim 12 , wherein a homogeneous acidic catalyst is used.14. The process according to claim 13 , wherein methanesulfonic acid is used as homogeneous acidic catalyst.15. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the reaction temperature is between 100 and 160° C.16. The process according to claim 12 , wherein the molar ratio of ethylene glycol to the fatty alcohol is between 0.1 and 10 mol/mol.17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the reaction mixture is cooled after conducting the reaction and is neutralized by adding a base claim 16 , a light claim 16 , organic phase separating from a heavy claim 16 , aqueous phase at the same time.18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the light claim 17 , organic phase is separated off from the heavy claim 17 , aqueous phase by means of a phase separation apparatus.19. The process according to claim 18 , wherein the phase separation apparatus operates by the principle of sedimentation claim 18 , centrifugation or decantation.20. The process according to claim 18 , wherein the light phase obtained after conducting the phase separation is worked up by means of a thermal separation process to obtain fatty alcohol ethoxylates.21. The process according to claim 20 , wherein the workup is performed by means of distillation or rectification.22. The process according to claim 12 , wherein ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING 2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE

A method for preparing 2-mercaptobenzothiazole where the aniline method is adopted to perform reaction in the presence of a catalyst, and the catalyst includes sulfonic acid type imidazolium ionic liquid. The sulfonic acid type imidazolium ionic liquid is a type of acidic functionalized ionic liquid, and has the advantages of both a solid acid and a liquid acid. The sulfonic acid type imidazolium ionic liquid is adopted as an active ingredient of the catalyst, and may remarkably improve a conversion rate of the reaction raw materials and increase a yield of the 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Meanwhile, due to the characteristics of high catalytic activity, no volatilization, low corrosion, high thermal stability and the like of the 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, the preparation method also has the comprehensive advantages of simple process, low cost, low tar yield, high environment friendliness and the like. 1. A method for preparing 2-mercaptobenzothiazole , comprisingreacting aniline, carbon disulfide, and sulfur in an aniline method for making 2-mercaptobenzothiazole in presence of a catalyst,wherein the catalyst comprises a sulfonic acid type imidazolium ionic liquid.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a carrier for supporting the sulfonic acid type imidazolium ionic liquid.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the carrier is one or more selected from the group consisting of an activated alumina claim 3 , a cordierite honeycomb ceramics claim 3 , a mercaptoalkyl-functionalised silica gel claim 3 , an ion exchange resin claim 3 , and an HZSM molecular sieve.5. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein a weight ratio of the sulfonic acid type imidazolium ionic liquid and the carrier is (0.1 to 20):100.6. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein a reaction temperature is 200 to 280° C. claim 4 , reaction pressure is 3.0 to 8.0 MPa claim 4 , and reaction time is 2 to 12 hours.7. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the ...

SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON MICROSPHERES AND THEIR CATALYST ACTIVITY IN C-O AND C-N BOND FORMATION REACTIONS

Disclosed herein is a simple process for functionalization/grafting of carbon microspheres obtained from bagasse with various active functional groups onto it and use of the same as catalyst for various organic reactions, having very high selectivity and conversion rate. 110.-. (canceled)11. A process for preparation of functionalized carbon microspheres by grafting catalytically active functional groups on to carbon microspheres obtained from bagasse to generate an acidic or basic surface wherein said process comprises the steps of:a) heating bagasse, water and oxalic acid at a temperature ranging between 150 to 180° C. for a time period ranging between 6 to 12 hours to obtain carbon microspheres; and wherein', {'sub': 2', '2, 'the C—O formation reaction is an epoxidation process which comprises mixing an olefin, an oxidant HO, an organic solvent acetonitrile and amine functionalized carbon microspheres to obtain a reaction mixture followed by immersing the reaction mixture in a thermostat oil bath at a temperature ranging between 60-80° C. for a time period ranging between 24 to 48 hours to obtain an epoxide with yield in the range of 45-90%.'}], 'b) refluxing of carbon microspheres as obtained in step (a) and an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, n-hexane, toluene, and lower alcohols in the presence of a functional group grafting agent at a temperature ranging between 80-120° C. for a time period in the range of 8 to 12 hours to obtain functionalized carbon microspheres,'}12. The process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the olefin is selected from the group consisting of cyclic olefines selected from the group consisting of Cyclohexene claim 11 , Cyclococetene claim 11 , 1 claim 11 ,3 cyclohexene claim 11 , Pentene claim 11 , and 1 claim 11 ,5 cyclooctadiene.13. The process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the epoxide is produced from cyclic epoxides selected from the group consisting of Cyclohexeneepoxide claim 11 , Cycloocene ...

THE OPTIMIZATION OF O-SULFONATED PHENOL PRODUCTION FOR CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE CLEAVAGE

A method for the manufacture of a sulfonated phenol for use as a cumene hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst can comprise: combining phenol and a sulfonating agent at a first temperature that is 1° C. to 15° C. higher than a melting temperature of the phenol, to form a reaction mixture at the first temperature; reducing the first temperature of the reaction mixture to a second temperature that is 10 to 40° C. lower than the first temperature; and forming the sulfonated phenol at the second temperature. 1. A method for the manufacture of a sulfonated phenol for use as a cumene hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst , comprising:combining phenol and a sulfonating agent at a first temperature that is 1° C. to 15° C. higher than a melting temperature of the phenol, to form a reaction mixture at the first temperature;reducing the first temperature of the reaction mixture to a second temperature that is 10 to 40° C. lower than the first temperature; andforming the sulfonated phenol at the second temperature.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phenol and the sulfonating agent are combined in a molar ratio of 50:1 to 1:3.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sulfonating agent comprises sulfuric acid claim 1 , acetyl sulfate claim 1 , sulfur trioxide claim 1 , fuming sulfuric acid claim 1 , or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combining comprises adding the sulfonating agent to the phenol.5. The method of claim 1 , comprising forming o-sulfonated phenol and p-sulfonated phenol in a weight ratio of o-sulfonated phenol to p-sulfonated phenol greater than or equal to 1.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining the second temperature over a time period of 0.5 hours to 100 hours.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combining is in a first reactor zone claim 1 , the reducing the first temperature is in a second reactor zone claim 1 , and the forming is in a third reactor zone.8. The method of claim 7 , ...

Synthesis of Cannabigerol

Multiple methods of synthesizing cannabigerol are presented. Combining olivetol with geraniol derivatives are provided. Cross-coupling methods of combing functionalized resorcinols are provided. Useful intermediates are formed during such cross-coupling steps. 8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the solvent is at least one of methyl tert-butyl ether (“MTBE”) claim 7 , acetonitrile claim 7 , toluene claim 7 , ethanol claim 7 , heptane claim 7 , hexane claim 7 , pentane claim 7 , acetone claim 7 , ethyl acetate claim 7 , butyl acetate claim 7 , isobutyl acetate claim 7 , t-butyl acetate claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 1 claim 7 ,4-dioxane claim 7 , chloroform claim 7 , or dichloromethane.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is pTSA.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is one of CSA claim 7 , MsOH claim 7 , FeCl claim 7 , or AcCl.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein reacting the solution comprises reacting the solution at a temperature for a period of time between about 20 minutes and 24 hours.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the temperature is between about 55° C. and 100° C. claim 11 , and the percent of conversion of olivetol to CBG is at least about 45%.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the period of time is no greater than about 1.5 hours.14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the olivetol and the geraniol is added in a molar ratio of about 1:1.15. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:separating CBG from the reactant solution using at least one separation technique.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the separation technique comprises a method having the steps of:neutralizing the reactant solution and adding a desiccant to form a neutralized solution;filtering the neutralized solution and evaporating the solvent to form a concentrated oil;adding lipophilic solvent to the concentrated oil to form a reactant oil; andprecipitating CBG.17. The method of claim ...

Process for the preparation of acrylate esters from alkyl lactates

Catalytic hydroesterification of alkyl lactates give alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates, starting from alkyl lactate, carbon monoxide, ethylene gas, and a palladium catalyst. Pyrolysis of alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates gives acrylate esters.

Preparation of Dihydroxyethyl Piperazine

A process for selectively preparing dihydroxyethyl piperazine by reacting hydroxyethyloxazolidinone with an acid catalyst wherein the selectivity of hydroxyethyloxazolidinone to dihydroxyethyl piperazine is at least 55%. 1. A process for selectively preparing dihydroxyethyl piperazine by reacting N-(2-hydroxyethyl) oxazolidinone with an acid catalyst wherein the selectivity of N-(2-hydroxyethyl) oxazolidinone to dihydroxyethyl piperazine is at least 55%.2. A method for the synthesis of dihydroxyethyl piperazine comprising the step of:converting N-(2-hydroxyethyl) oxazolidinone to dihydroxyethyl piperazine through exposure to an acid catalyst.3. The method of [or 2] claim 1 , wherein said acid catalyst comprises a Lewis acid.4. The method of claims 3 , wherein said acid catalyst comprises a triflate compound.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said triflate compound is selected from the group consisting of Yttrium triflate claim 4 , Zinc triflate claim 4 , Aluminum triflate claim 4 , Lanthanum triflate claim 4 , and mixtures thereof.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the catalyst comprises Yttrium triflate.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a Bronsted acid.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst comprises para-toluene sulfonic acid.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is bound to a support.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said N-(2-hydroxyethyl) oxazolidinone is converted to said dihydroxy ethyl piperazine by exposure to a triflate catalyst at temperatures ranging up to about 120° C. for a time ranging up to about 48 hours.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said amine compound comprises N-(2-hydroxyethyl) oxazolidinone and said catalyst comprises Yttrium triflate claim 1 , said amine compound exposed to said catalyst at a temperature ranging up to 250° C. up to about 8 hours.12. A product resulting from the method of .13. A product resulting from the method of claim 11 , wherein said dihydroxyethyl piperazine is 60 wt ...

Formation of N-Protected 3,6-bis-(4-aminoalkyl)-2,5,diketopiperazine

The disclosed embodiments detail improved methods for the synthesis of diketopiperazines from amino acids. In particular improved methods for the cyclocondensation and purification of N-protected 3,6-(aminoalkyl)-2,5-diketopiperazines from N-protected amino acids. Disclosed embodiments describe methods for the synthesis of 3,6-bis-[N-protected aminoalkyl]-2,5-diketopiperazine comprising heating a mixture of an amino acid in the presence of a catalyst in an organic solvent. The catalyst is selected from the group comprising sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, 1-propylphosphonic acid cyclic anhydride, tributyl phosphate, phenyl phosphonic acid and phosphorous pentoxide among others. The solvent is selected from the group comprising: dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, diglyme, ethyl glyme, proglyme, ethyldiglyme, m-cresol, p-cresol, o-cresol, xylenes, ethylene glycol and phenol among others. 2. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein n is equal to 3.3. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein PG is trifluoroacetyl.4. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein PG is Cbz.5. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.6. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is ε-trifluoroacetyl-L-lysine.7. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is selected from sulfuric acid claim 1 , phosphoric acid claim 1 , p-toluenesulfonic acid claim 1 , 1-propylphosphonic acid cyclic anhydride claim 1 , tributyl phosphate claim 1 , phenyl phosphonic acid and phosphorous pentoxide.8. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the mixture is heated for between 0.25 and 6 hours.9. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is ε-trifluoroacetyl-L-lysine.10. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is ε-Cbz-L-lysine.11. The oral delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the N-protected amino acid is γ- ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING BIODIESEL

The present invention relates to a method of producing fatty acid alkyl ester from an organic oil source containing at least one free fatty acid, wherein the oil source has an acid number of at least 30 mg KOH/g oil source and wherein the method comprises the steps of a) reacting the oil source with glycerol at a temperature, which does not exceed 180° C. during the reaction, in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one alkyl or aryl sulfonic acid or an homoanhydride thereof; and b) transesterification of the reaction product from step a) with an alkanol; and c) isolating the fatty acid alkyl ester from the reaction product of step b). 1. A method of producing fatty acid alkyl ester from an organic oil source comprising at least one free fatty acid , wherein the oil source has an acid number of at least 30 mg KOH/g oil source and wherein the method comprises the steps ofa) reacting the oil source with glycerol at a temperature, which is at least 110° C. and does not exceed 180° C. during the reaction, in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least methanesulfonic acid or the homoanhydride thereof, wherein in step a) the initial molar ratio of glycerol to free fatty acid calculated on the basis of the acid number of the oil is from 1:2 to 1.2:1b) transesterification of the reaction product from step a) with an alkanol; andc) isolating the fatty acid alkyl ester from the reaction product of step b).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid alkyl ester is fatty acid methyl ester.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil source is from used vegetable and/or animal oil and/or fat claim 1 , by-products of the chemical and physical refining of vegetable and/or animal oil and/or fat claim 1 , by-products of the refining of glycerine from biodiesel claim 1 , fatty acids from distillation and non-distillation claim 1 , trap grease claim 1 , hydrolytically cleaved fatty substances claim 1 , distilled and non-distilled fatty acids resulting from the ...

Process for producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the presence of an organic dehydration catalyst and a chloride source

The invention relates to a novel process for converting a feedstock comprising at least one sugar into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, wherein said feedstock is brought into contact with one or more organic dehydration catalysts and one or more chloride sources in the presence of at least one aprotic polar solvent alone or as a mixture, at a temperature of between 30° C. and 200° C., and at a pressure of between 0.1 MPa and 10 MPa.

Method for preparing an anhydrosugar alcohol using hydrol

The present invention relates to a method for preparing an anhydrosugar alcohol using hydrol (namely, a crystalline mother liquor remaining after obtaining crystalline glucose from a crude glucose liquor). More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preparing an anhydrosugar alcohol in a method for performing a dehydration reaction on the hydrogenated sugar so as to convert the hydrogenated sugar to an anhydrosugar alcohol, wherein the method for preparing an anhydrosugar alcohol is configured to use, as at least a portion of the hydrogenated sugar, the product obtained from the hydrogenation of the hydrol which is a by-product or waste generated during the production of glucose, thus relatively lowering the cost for a material as compared with a case of using a high purity raw material (for example, high purity sorbitol), to thus improve economical advantages, and further reduce the amount of waste and cost for disposal of the waste during the production of glucose.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF DOPO-DERIVED COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS THEREOF

This invention relates to a process for producing compounds derived from 9,10-Dihydro-9-Oxa-10-Phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide (DOPO). In particular, the invention relates to producing DOPO-derived compounds by reacting DOPO with diol compounds in the presence of a catalyst. This invention also relates to DOPO derived composition containing a high melting point diastereomer. The DOPO derived compounds may be useful as flame-retardants. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein n is 2 to 6 and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , Rand Rare hydrogen.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein both the solvent and the entrainer are present.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said catalyst is an alkyl_halide claim 1 , alkali halides claim 1 , alkaline earth metal halides claim 1 , transition metals and their halides or acid catalysts.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the reaction ranges from about 100° C. to about 250° C.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction takes place in a reactor claim 1 , the reaction produces water claim 1 , and wherein the water and the diol compound of Formula B are continuously recycled back to the reactor.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is an acid catalyst.9. The composition of claim 10 , wherein said acid catalyst is sulfuric acid claim 10 , aryl sulfonic acid claim 10 , alkyl sulfonic acid claim 10 , aralkyl sulfonic acid claim 10 , hydrochloric acid claim 10 , hydrobromic acid claim 10 , hydrofluoric acid claim 10 , oxalic acid claim 10 , perchloric acid claim 10 , trifluoromethane sulfonic acid claim 10 , fluorosulfonic acid claim 10 , nitric acid claim 10 , phosphoric acid claim 10 , phosphonic acids claim 10 , phosphinic acids aluminum chloride claim 10 , diethyl aluminum chloride claim 10 , triethylaluminum/hydrogen chloride claim 10 , ferric chloride claim 10 , zinc chloride claim 10 , antimony trichloride claim 10 , stannic chloride claim 10 , boron trifluoride claim 10 , acidic zeolites claim 10 , acidic clays claim ...

Methods for producing fuels, gasoline additives, and lubricants using amine catalysts

Provided herein are methods for producing α,β-unsaturated ketones from the condensation of methyl ketones in the presence of an amine catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such amine catalysts may be used in the presence of an additional acid. The α,β-unsaturated ketones may be produced by dimerization and/or timerization of the methyl ketones. Such α,β-unsaturated ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketones may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by the fermentation of biomass.

Method for Acid-Catalyzed Acylation of the Reduction Products of 5-HydroxyMethyl Furfural

An improved process for acid-catalyzed acylation using water-tolerant Lewis acid catalysts is described. The method involves reacting a reduction products of 5-(hydroxylmethyl)-furfural (HMF), in particular either furan-2,5-dimethanol (FDM) or bis-2,5-(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran (bHMTHFs), with an excess of an organic acid in the presence of a Lewis acid metal triflate at a temperature and time sufficient to produce esters. The conversions of the reduction products of HMF to corresponding diesters can be quantitative with certain favored Lewis acids catalysts. 1. A method for acid-catalyzed acylation of a reduction product of 5-(hydroxylmethyl)-furfural (HMF) comprising: contacting the reduction product of HMF with an excess of an organic acid in the presence of a water-tolerant Lewis acid catalyst at a reaction temperature and for a time sufficient to produce a corresponding ester product mixture.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said reduction product of HMF is either furan-2 claim 1 ,5-dimethanol (FDM) or bis-2 claim 1 ,5-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran (bHMTHF).3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said organic acid is selected from the group consisting of an alkanoic acid claim 1 , alkenoic acid claim 1 , alkyonoic acid claim 1 , and aromatic acid claim 1 , having a carbon chain length ranging from C-C.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said organic acid is selected from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexanoic acid claim 1 , hexanoic acid claim 1 , and octanoic acid.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said reaction temperature is from about 150° C. to about 250° C.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said reaction temperature is from about 170° C. to about 220° C.7.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said reaction time is between 0.5 and 12 hours.9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein said reaction time is between about 1-4 hours.10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein ≧55% of said reduction ...

SURFACE TREATED CARBON CATALYSTS PRODUCED FROM WASTE TIRES FOR FATTY ACIDS TO BIOFUEL CONVERSION

A method of making solid acid catalysts includes the step of sulfonating waste tire pieces in a first sulfonation step. The sulfonated waste tire pieces are pyrolyzed to produce carbon composite pieces having a pore size less than 10 nm. The carbon composite pieces are then ground to produce carbon composite powders having a size less than 50 μm. The carbon composite particles are sulfonated in a second sulfonation step to produce sulfonated solid acid catalysts. A method of making biofuels and solid acid catalysts are also disclosed. 1. A method of making solid acid catalysts , comprising the steps of:sulfonating the waste tire pieces in a first sulfonation step;pyrolyzing waste tire pieces to produce carbon composite pieces having a pore size less than 10 nm;grinding the carbon composite pieces to produce carbon composite particles having a particle size less than 50 μm;sulfonating the carbon composite particles in a second sulfonation step to produce sulfonated solid acid catalysts.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the sulfonation steps is performed by soaking in a sulfuric acid bath.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sulfuric acid bath is at least 5 M.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sulfuric acid bath has a temperature of between −20° C. to 200° C.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the soaking is for at least 10-20 minutes.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of washing the sulfonated waste tire pieces.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising the step of pressing and heating the washed sulfonated waste tire pieces into a sheet prior to the pyrolyzing step.8. The method of wherein the pyrolyzing step comprises heating the sulfonated waste tire pieces to from 900° C. to 1500° C.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second sulfonation step comprises contacting the carbon composite particles with L-cysteine with water and heat claim 1 , followed by a reduction step and an oxidation step.10. The method of claim 1 , ...

ACID COMPOSITION FOR PROCESSING FATTY ACIDS

The invention relates to a composition comprising:

Super acids and bases as dehydrocondensation catalysts

There is provided herein a composition which contains hydride-functionalized siloxane or silane, a hydroxyl-containing compound that does not contain silicon, and a catalytically-effective amount of super acid or super base catalyst selected from the group consisting of a triaza-containing compound which contains only carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen atoms, an atrane compound, a linear or branched compound containing a sulfonyl group and a fluoro group, and combinations thereof. There is also provided a process of making such a composition.

ANTIFOULING OLIGOMERIZATION CATALYST SYSTEMS

A catalyst system that may reduce polymeric fouling may include at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and an antifouling agent. The antifouling agent may be chosen from one or more of a phosphonium or phosphonium salt; a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt; a sulfonium or sulfonium salt; an ester including a cyclic moiety; an anhydride; a polyether; and a long-chained amine-capped compound. The catalyst system may further include a non-polymeric ether compound. 1. A catalyst system that reduces polymeric fouling , the catalyst system comprising:at least one titanate compound;at least one aluminum compound; andan antifouling agent chosen from one or more of a phosphonium or phosphonium salt; a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt; a sulfonium or sulfonium salt; an ester comprising a cyclic moiety; an anhydride; a polyether; and a long-chained amine-capped compound.2. The catalyst system of claim 1 , where the antifouling agent comprises phosphonium or phosphonium salt.3. The catalyst system of claim 2 , where the antifouling agent comprises one or more of a tetraalkyl phosphonium halide claim 2 , a phosphonium malonate claim 2 , a trihexyltetradecylphsophonium halide claim 2 , a tetrabutylphosphonium halide claim 2 , a tetrabutylphosphonium tetrahaloborate claim 2 , a tetrabutylphosphonium halide claim 2 , a tetrabutylphosphonium hexahalophosphat claim 2 , and a tetrabutylphosphonium tetrahaloborate.4. The catalyst system of claim 1 , where the antifouling agent comprises a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt.5. The catalyst system of claim 4 , where the antifouling agent comprises one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate claim 4 , sodium dioctylsulfonsuccinate claim 4 , tetrabutylphosphonium methanesulfonate claim 4 , tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate claim 4 , hexadecyltrimethylammonium p-toluene sulfonate claim 4 , 3 -(dimethyl(octadecyl)ammonio)propane-1-sulfonate claim 4 , 3 claim 4 ,3′-(1 claim 4 ,4-didodecylpiperazine-1 claim 4 ,4-diium-1 ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ISOCYANATES

The invention relates to a method for producing an isocyanate, wherein a carbamate or thiolcarbomate is converted, in the presence of a catalyst, with separation of an alcohol or thioalcohol, at a temperature of at least 150° C., to the corresponding isocyanate, wherein a compound of the general formula (X)(Y)(Z—H) is used as a catalyst, in particular characterized in that the compound has both a proton donor function and a proton acceptor function. In the catalysts according to the invention, a separable proton is bound to a heteroatom, which is more electronegative than carbon. Said heteroatom is either identical to Z or a component thereof. In the catalysts according to the invention, there is additionally a proton acceptor function which is either identical to X or a component thereof. According to the invention, the proton donator and proton acceptor function are connected to each other by the bridge Y. 1. A process for producing an isocyanate in which a carbamate or thiolcarbamate is converted into the corresponding isocyanate in the presence of a catalyst with elimination of an alcohol or thioalcohol at a temperature of at least 150° C. ,wherein the catalyst used comprises a compound of the general formula (X)(Y)(Z—H), where: [{'sup': '1', 'X is N(R),'}, {'sup': '2', 'Y is C(R) or is a bridge formed of 2 carbon atoms which are part of a ring system comprising 5 or 7 carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds, or is a bridge formed of 3, 5 or 7 carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds, and'}, {'sup': 6', '(+)', '7', '8, 'Z is O, S, N(R) or N(R)(R), and'}, {'sub': 'B', 'wherein the catalyst has a pKat 25° C. of ≥3.00; or'}], '(A)'} X is O,', {'sup': '2', '—Y is C(R) or is a bridge formed of 2 carbon atoms which are part of a ring system comprising 5 or 7 carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds, or is a bridge formed of 3, 5 or 7 carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds, and'}, 'Z is O; or, '(B)'} X is O,', {' ...

CATALYST SYSTEM

The invention relates to a method for producing a polycarbonate and the reaction of one or more diaryl carbonates with one or more aromatic compounds, wherein a catalyst combination is used in the process. The invention further relates to a catalyst combination and to the use thereof in a process for producing a polycarbonate. 1. A process for producing a polycarbonate , the process comprising: a first component comprising one or more quaternary nitrogen compounds;', 'a second component comprising one or more quaternary phosphorus compounds;', 'a third component comprising one or more alkali metal compounds; and', 'a fourth component comprising one or more sulphur-containing organic compounds., 'reacting one or more diaryl carbonates with one or more aromatic hydroxy compounds, wherein in the process a catalyst combination is employed which comprises2. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the first component comprises one or more quaternary nitrogen compounds having the general structure [(R)—N][X] claim 1 , wherein R represents claim 1 , independently of each other the same or different alkyl and/or aryl groups claim 1 , and X— comprises inorganic or organic anions claim 1 , in particular hydroxide claim 1 , sulphate claim 1 , carbonate claim 1 , formate claim 1 , benzoate claim 1 , phenolate claim 1 , wherein the first component comprises in particular one or more of the following compounds: tetramethylammonium hydroxide claim 1 , tetraethylammonium hydroxide claim 1 , tetrabutylammonium hydroxide claim 1 , tetramethylammonium formate claim 1 , tetraethylammonium formate claim 1 , tetrabutylammonium formate claim 1 , tetramethylammonium acetate claim 1 , tetraethylammonium acetate claim 1 , tetrabutylammonium acetate claim 1 , tetramethylammonium fluoride claim 1 , tetraethylammonium fluoride claim 1 , tetrabutylammonium fluoride;or{'sub': '4', 'sup': +', '−, 'in that the second component comprises one or more quaternary phosphorus compounds ...

ACID COMPOSITION FOR PROCESSING FATTY ACIDS

The invention relates to a composition comprising; 2. The composition according to wherein the solvent is chosen among water claim 1 , alcohol and ether claim 1 , alone or in combination.3. The composition according to wherein the solvent is water or a Cto Calcohol claim 1 , alone or in combination.4. The composition according to wherein the solvent is water or methanol claim 1 , alone or in combination.5. The composition according to wherein the proportion by weight of solvent relative to the total weight of the composition is comprised between 0% and 50% claim 1 , preferably between 5% and 35%.6. The composition according to wherein the alkane-sulphonic acid is chosen from methane-sulphonic acid claim 1 , ethane-sulphonic acid claim 1 , n-propane-sulphonic acid claim 1 , iso-propane-sulphonic acid claim 1 , n-butanesulphonic acid claim 1 , iso-butanesulphonic acid claim 1 , sec-butane-sulphonic acid claim 1 , tert-butanesulphonic acid claim 1 , trifluoro-methane sulphonic acid claim 1 , and mixtures of two or more of them in any proportions.7. A composition according to in which the alkane-sulphonic acid is methane-sulphonic acid.8. A composition according to comprising at least one corrosion inhibitor.9. A composition according to comprising at least one fragrance or one odorising agent claim 1 , alone or in combination.10. Use of the composition according to as an esterification catalyst claim 1 , preferably fatty acid esterification.12. The method according to wherein the catalyst/fatty acid molar ratio is comprised within a range of from 0.001 to 1 claim 11 , preferably from 0.01 to 0.5 and more particularly from 0.02 to 0.2. The invention relates to the processing of fatty acids, particularly fatty acid esterification. The fatty acid esters obtained can thus be used as raw materials in various areas such as cosmetics or biofuel production. In particular, the invention relates to a composition of acids which can be used as a catalyst in fatty acid ...

A catalyst system

The present invention provides a catalyst system capable of catalysing the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, which system is obtainable by combining: a) a metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB or a compound thereof, b) a bidentate phosphine, arsine or stibine ligand, and c) an acid, wherein said ligand is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said metal or said metal in said metal compound, and that said acid is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said ligand, a process for the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, a reaction medium, and use of the system.

Catalyst and solvent composition and catalyst processes using this composition.

Methods, systems and catalysts for the hydration of olefins

The present invention provides a system, method and catalyst for olefin hydration. The method includes hydrating the olefin using a base treated, sulfonated, halogenated and acid regenerated thermally stable catalyst. In several variants, the olefin hydration comprises butene hydration, propene hydration, hydration of cyclohexene, propylene hydration, pentene hydration, hexene hydration, and heptene hydration. The present invention also provides a method of making a catalyst for olefin hydration, and provides alcohols manufactured by the catalyst(s), systems and methods described herein.

CATALYSTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF CROSSED COUPLING REACTIONS.

SE PROPONE UN SISTEMA DE CATALIZADOR, EN ESPECIAL PARA LAS REACCIONES DE ACOPLAMIENTO CRUZADAS, QUE SE PUEDE OBTENER MEDIANTE REACCION A) DE UNA COMPOSICION DE PALADIO (II) CON B) UN LIGANDO DE FOSFANO SOLUBLE EN AGUA Y C) UN SULFOXIDO O UN ALCOHOL POLIVALENTE. A CATALYSTING SYSTEM IS PROPOSED, ESPECIALLY FOR CROSSED COUPLING REACTIONS, WHICH CAN BE OBTAINED BY REACTION A) OF A PALADIO COMPOSITION (II) WITH B) A WATER SOLUBLE PHOSPHANE BINDING AND C) A SULFOXIDE OR A POLYAL ALCOHOL .

IMIDAZOLIDINONIC ACID SUITES AS REACTION CATALYSTS

Thermoplastic polyolefin copolymer lamination film, laminated structures and processes for their preparation

Disclosed are polyolefin copolymer films comprising alkoxysilane groups and a catalyst for crosslinking the alkoxysilane groups; wherein the crosslinking catalyst is a Lewis or Bronsted acid or base compound that has a relatively high melting point and therefore initiates the crosslinking essentially only at the lamination temperature, preferably at or above at least 50° C. Also disclosed are films wherein (i) the layer or layers comprising the alkoxysilane groups, including surface layer(s), comprise the crosslinking catalyst; or (ii) layer or layers comprising alkoxysilane groups do not contain crosslinking catalyst and have a facial surface in adhering contact with a layer of a thermoplastic polyolefin copolymer comprising the crosslinking catalyst; or (iii) there is a combination of layers (i) and (ii). Also disclosed are laminated glass structures and processes for their preparation that employ such films. The disclosed laminate structures include safety glass and photovoltaic modules.

Composition of catalyst and solvent and catalysis processes using this composition

A composition defined: either as comprising at least one Broensted acid, designated HB, dissolved in a liquid medium with an ionic nature of general formula Q+A−, in which Q+ represents an organic cation and A− represents an anion that is different from B, or as resulting from dissolving at least one Broensted acid, designated HB, in a non-aqueous liquid medium with an ionic nature of general formula Q+A−, in which Q+ represents an organic cation and A− represents an anion that is identical to the anion B, can be used as a catalyst and solvent in acid catalysis processes, in particular in the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons, the oligomerization of olefins, the dimerization of isobutene, the alkylation of olefins by isoparaffins, the isomerization of n-paraffins into isoparaffins, the isomerization of n-olefins into iso-olefins, the isomerization of the double bond of an olefin and the purification of an olefin mixture that contains branched alpha olefins as impurities.

Production of 1-butene and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene

A system and method for producing 1-butene and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), including feeding a catalyst, an antifouling co-catalyst, and ethylene to a reactor, and dimerizing ethylene into 1-butene and polymerizing a relatively small portion of the ethylene into UHMWPE. A product slurry including 1-butene and UHMWPE is discharged from reactor and UHMWPE is removed from the product slurry as a coproduct of the product 1-butene. The coproduct UHMWPE may be a byproduct that is a relatively small amount of the product slurry. The quantity of UHMWPE produced may be small in comparison to the quantity of 1-butene produced.

Process for preparing alkyl oligoglucosides with a high degree of oligomerization

A process for producing alkyl oligoglucosides having a high degree of polymerization involving: (a) providing a fatty alcohol; (b) providing a glucose component; (c) mixing the fatty alcohol and glucose component; (d) acetylizing the reaction mixture by adding an acid catalyst to the mixture; (e) continuously distilling off water from the reaction mixture during acetylization; (f) neutralizing the acid catalyst upon completion of acetylization; (g) removing unreacted fatty alcohol from the reaction mixture; (h) post-polymerizing the reaction mixture to form a final alkyl oligoglucoside product; and (i) neutralizing any remaining acid catalyst and removing any unreacted fatty alcohol from the reaction mixture.

NOVEL NICKEL CATALYTIC COMPOSITION, PHOSPHORUS COMPOUND AND SULFONIC ACID AND USE THEREOF FOR OLIGOMERIZING OLEFINS

La présente invention concerne une nouvelle composition catalytique comprenant un précurseur de Ni(ll), un composé phosphoré, un acide sulfonique et un composé à base d'aluminium, et son utilisation dans des réactions de transformation chimique et en particulier dans un procédé d'oligomérisation d'une charge oléfinique. The present invention relates to a novel catalyst composition comprising a precursor of Ni (II), a phosphorus compound, a sulfonic acid and an aluminum-based compound, and its use in chemical transformation reactions and in particular in a process for oligomerization of an olefinic charge.

IMPROVED PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF 3-PENTENOIC ACID FROM BUTADIENE.

PREPARACION DE ACIDO 3-PENTENOICO REACCIONADO BUTADIENO Y MONOXIDO DE CARBONO USANDO UN CATALIZADOR DE RODIO Y UN CATALIZADOR DE ACIDO SULFONICO EN AGUA Y UN SOLVENTE DE ACIDO CARBOXILICO. PREPARATION OF BUTADIENE REACTIONED 3-PENTENOIC ACID AND CARBON MONOXIDE USING A RHODIUM CATALYST AND A SULPHONIC ACID CATALYST IN WATER AND A CARBOXYLIC ACID SOLVENT.

触媒組成物およびエチレンのオリゴマ−化方法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Thermoplastic polyolefin copolymer lamination film, laminated structures and processes for their preparation

본 발명은 알콕시실란 그룹과 알콕시실란 그룹을 가교하는 촉매를 포함하는 폴리올레핀 코폴리머 필름에 관한 것으로, 여기에서 가교 촉매는 상대적으로 높은 녹는점을 가지므로 기본적으로 라미네이션 온도, 바람직하게 적어도 50 ℃ 이상에서만 가교를 개시하는 루이스 또는 브뢴스테드산 또는 염기 화합물이다. 또한, 본 발명은 (i) 표면층을 포함하여, 알콕시실란 그룹을 포함하는 층 또는 층들이 가교 촉매를 포함하거나, (ii) 알콕시실란 그룹을 포함하는 층 또는 층들이 가교 촉매를 함유하지 않고 가교 촉매를 포함하는 열가소성 폴리올레핀 코폴리머 층과 부착 접촉하는 페이셜 표면을 가지거나, (iii) 층 (i)과 (ii)의 조합이 있는 필름에 관한 것이다. 또한, 본 발명은 라미네이트된 유리 구조물 및 이러한 필름을 사용하는 그의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 라미네이트 구조물은 안전 유리와 광기전 모듈을 포함한다. The present invention relates to a polyolefin copolymer film comprising a catalyst for crosslinking an alkoxysilane group and an alkoxysilane group, wherein the crosslinking catalyst has a relatively high melting point and is basically only at lamination temperature, preferably at least 50 ° C or higher. Lewis or Bronsted acid or base compound that initiates crosslinking. The present invention also provides a crosslinking catalyst comprising (i) a layer or layers comprising an alkoxysilane group, including a surface layer, or (ii) a layer or layers comprising an alkoxysilane group, containing no crosslinking catalyst. A film having a facial surface in adhesion contact with a thermoplastic polyolefin copolymer layer comprising; or (iii) a combination of layers (i) and (ii). The present invention also relates to laminated glass structures and methods for their production using such films. The laminate structure includes safety glass and photovoltaic modules.

Antifouling oligomerization catalyst systems

A catalyst system that may reduce polymeric fouling may include at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and an antifouling agent. The antifouling agent may be chosen from one or more of a phosphonium or phosphonium salt; a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt; a sulfonium or sulfonium salt; an ester including a cyclic moiety; an anhydride; a polyether; and a long-chained amine-capped compound. The catalyst system may further include a non-polymeric ether compound.

Non-Solvent Process for preparing alkoxypolyoxyalkyleneglycol unsaturated carboxylicacidalkylester and Mortar or Concrete Dispersant Prepared thereof.

본 발명은 알콕시폴리(옥시알킬렌)글리콜 불포화카르복실산알킬에스테르 화합물의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 하기 반응식 1에 표시된 바와 같이, 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 이중 결합이 하나 이상 포함된 불포화 카르복실산과 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 알콕시 폴리(옥시알킬렌)글리콜을 진공 분위기에서 산 촉매의 존재 하에 용매를 사용하지 않고 에스테르 반응 또는 에스테르 교환 반응시킴으로써, 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 알콕시폴리(옥시알킬렌)글리콜 불포화카르복실산알킬 에스테르 화합물을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for preparing an alkoxypoly (oxyalkylene) glycol unsaturated carboxylic acid alkyl ester compound, more specifically, as shown in Scheme 1 below, at least one double bond represented by the following formula (2) is included The alkoxy poly (oxy) represented by the following general formula (1) is reacted with an unsaturated carboxylic acid and the alkoxy poly (oxyalkylene) glycol represented by the following general formula (3) without using a solvent in the presence of an acid catalyst in a vacuum atmosphere: Alkylene) glycol unsaturated carboxylic acid alkyl ester compound. [반응식 1] Scheme 1 [화학식 1] [Formula 1] [화학식 2] [Formula 2] [화학식 3] [Formula 3] 상기 화학식에서, R 1 , R 2 는 탄소수 1 내지 6의 알킬기를 나타내고; n은 옥시알킬렌기의 부가 몰수로 3 내지 100의 정수임. In the above formula, R 1 , R 2 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 3 to 100 in terms of the number of moles of addition of the oxyalkylene group. 무용제 반응, 에스테르화 반응, 폴리카르복실산계 혼화제, 알콕시폴리(옥시알킬렌)글리콜 불포화카르복실산알킬에스테르 Solvent free reaction, esterification reaction, polycarboxylic acid admixture, alkoxy poly (oxyalkylene) glycol unsaturated carboxylic acid alkyl ester

Catalyst system

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to a new catalyst system, a new carbonylation reaction medium and to a method of carbonylation of ethylene-unsaturated compounds using the new catalyst system. The catalyst system, which is capable of catalysing carbonylation of an ethylene-unsaturated compound, can be obtained by combining: a) group VIIIB metal, or its compound, b) bidentate phosphinic or arsinic ligand and c) acid, where the said ligand is present in molar excess of at least 2:1, compared to the said metal or said metal in its compound, and the said acid is present in molar excess ranging from 5:1 to 95:1, compared to the said ligand. In another version the catalyst system, which is capable of catalysing carbonylation of an ethylene-unsaturated compound, can be obtained by combining: a) group VIIIB metal, or its compound, b) bidentate phosphic or arsinic ligand and c) acid, where molar ratio of the said ligand to the said metal or said metal in its compound lies in the range greater than 5:1 to 750:1, and the said acid is present in molar excess of at least 2:1, compared to the said ligand. EFFECT: invention also relates to a method of carbonylation of an ethylene-unsaturated compound, a reaction medium, use of catalyst a system and a complex, which is capable of catalysing carbonylation of an ethylene-unsaturated compound. 39 cl, 35 ex, 9 tbl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 372 989 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J B01J B01J C07C 31/24 (2006.01) 23/44 (2006.01) 23/74 (2006.01) 51/14 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2006133287/04, 17.02.2005 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 17.02.2005 (72) Автор(ы): ИСТХЭМ Грэхам (GB), ТИНДЭЙЛ Нил (GB) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.03.2008 2 3 7 2 9 8 9 (45) Опубликовано: 20.11.2009 Бюл. № 32 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2002/045748 A1, 18.04.2002. WO ...

Composicoes cataliticas,bisfosfinas e processo para a preparacao de polimeros

回收废酸催化剂的方法

一种从烷基化流出物流的含水萃取物中回收磺酸催化剂的方法，包括如下步骤： 蒸发萃取物，得到磺酸催化剂的水合物； 水合物与含烯烃的烃物流反应，产生其相应的磺酸酯；和 在烷基化条件下，将酸酯引入到烃原料与烯属烷基化剂的烷基化过程中，在烷基化过程中，磺酸酯分解成具有催化活性的酸形式。

CATALYTIC CARBONILATION PROCEDURE.

ES UN SISTEMA CATALIZADOR DE CARBONILACION, QUE CONSTA DE: A) UNA FUENTE DE UN METAL DEL GRUPO VIII, B) UNA FUENTE DE UNA FOSFINA CON UN SUSTITUYENTE AROMATICO, QUE CONTIENE UN ATOMO DE NITROGENO IMINO, C) UNA FUENTE DE PROTONES, Y D) UNA FUENTE DE UN ANION ALKILSULFONATO, Y EL USO DEL MENCIONADO SISTEMA CATALIZADOR EN LA CARBONILACION DE UN COMPUESTO INSATURADO ACETILENICO U OLEFINICO. IT IS A CARBONILATION CATALYST SYSTEM, WHICH CONSISTS OF: A) A SOURCE OF A METAL FROM GROUP VIII, B) A SOURCE OF A PHOSPHINE WITH AN AROMATIC SUBSTITUTE, CONTAINING AN IMINE NITROGEN ATOM, C) A SOURCE OF PROTONS, AND D ) A SOURCE OF AN ALKILSULFONATE ANION, AND THE USE OF THE MENTIONED CATALYST SYSTEM IN THE CARBONILATION OF AN UNSaturated ACETYLENE OR OLEPHINIC COMPOUND.

用于烯烃/一氧化碳共聚的新型催化剂组合物及共聚方法

新型催化剂组合物，该组合物的特征在于其含下列组分： a.一种钯化合物，b.一种pKa小于2的酸的阴离子，其前提条件是该酸不能是氢卤酸， c.一种含一个磷原子和一个或多个不带氢的氮原子、而且其中每个氮原子都是通过一个桥中至少含一个碳原子的有机桥基与磷原子相连的化合物。

Water soluble metal working fluids using soybean oil and metal working fluids thereof

A water-soluble metal working fluid manufacturing method using soybean oil and metal working fluid produced by the same are provided to produce environment-friendly metal working fluid with biodegradability by using fatty acid ester generated by esterifying vegetable soybean oil and copolymer alcohol, as base oil. A water-soluble metal working fluid manufacturing method using soybean oil utilizes soybean oil ester compound as base oil. The soybean oil ester compound is produced by mixing soybean oil of 17.5~27.5wt.% with polypropylene glycol ethylene oxide copolymer alcohol of 100wt.% and esterifying the mixture. A PTSA(Para Toluene Sulfonic Acid) catalyst of 0.025~0.225wt.% is used during an esterification reaction. A surfactant, a coupling agent, a nonferrous metal corrosion-inhibiting agent, an antiseptic, and a lubricity improver are added to the soybean oil ester base oil.

Method of manufacturing muconate including recovery and recycling of spent catalyst

본 발명은 사용된 촉매의 회수 및 재사용 공정을 포함하는 뮤식산으로부터 뮤코네이트를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 반응 용매에 뮤식산 다이에스터와, 촉매 용액을 넣고 혼합하여 반응 용액을 준비하는 단계, 상기 준비된 반응 용액을 일정 온도에서 일정시간 동안 디옥시디하이드레이션(deoxydehydration) 반응시키는 단계, 상기 반응한 반응 용액을 농축시킨 후 유기용매를 넣고 혼합하여 촉매를 포함하는 하층부의 이온성액체 층과 뮤코네이트를 포함하는 상부층의 유기용매 층으로 분리하고, 분리된 두 개의 층을 각각 회수하는 단계, 상기 회수된 상층부의 유기용매 층을 농축하고 정제하여 뮤코네이트를 수득하는 단계, 및 상기 촉매를 녹인 상태로 회수된 하부층의 이온성액체 층은 농축하여 촉매 용액으로 재사용하는 단계를 포함한다. 이러한 본 발명의 제조방법에 따르면 해양자원과 같은 바이오 매스로부터 나일론 66의 원료물질이 되는 아디픽산을 제조하여 환경 친화적일 뿐만 아니라, 이온성액체를 사용하여 고가의 촉매를 효율적으로 분리한 후 회수된 촉매를 수회 재사용 함으로써 전체 공정의 효율성 및 경제성을 높이는 효과를 갖는 장점이 있다. The present invention relates to a method for preparing muconic acid from a mucic acid containing a step of recovering and reusing a used catalyst. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a muconic acid from a muconic acid, A step of deoxidizing the prepared reaction solution at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time, condensing the reacted reaction solution, adding an organic solvent, and mixing the resultant solution to form a lower layer of an ionic liquid layer And an organic solvent layer of an upper layer containing muconate, and recovering each of the two separated layers, concentrating and purifying the recovered upper organic solvent layer to obtain a muconate, The ionic liquid layer in the lower layer recovered in the dissolved state is concentrated and reused as a catalyst solution. The. According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, adipic acid, which is a raw material for nylon 66, is produced from biomass such as marine resources, so that not only is environmentally friendly, but also an expensive catalyst is efficiently separated using an ionic liquid, There is an advantage that the efficiency and economical efficiency of the whole process can be enhanced by reusing the catalyst several times.

Способ регенерации отработанного кислотного катализатора

Объектом изобретения является способ регенерации отработанного кислотного катализатора, используемого для алкилирования углеводородов, включающий обработку реагентом жидкой фазы, при этом обработку осуществляют путем экстрагирования водой, упаривания полученного водного экстракта и этерификации полученного остатка содержащим олефин потоком углеводорода, причем в качестве жидкой фазы обработке подвергают масло, образующееся в качестве побочного продукта во время процесса алкилирования.

Reactivation of sulfonated hydrogen ion exchange resin catalysts

Method for regenerating a sulfonated aromatic organic polymeric ion-exchange resin bed having deactivated aminoorganomercaptan groups with phenol

A method is provided for regenerating deactivated sulfonated aromatic organic ion-exchange resin beds, such as a polystyrene ion-exchange resin bed, having chemically combined amino organo mercaptan groups with anhydrous phenol at an elevated temperature.

The use of gallium salts in presence of sulfonyl anhydrides or sulfonate anions, as Lewis acid catalysts for sulfonylation reactions, e.g. aromatic mesylation

The use as catalysts of gallium(III) salts with a catalytic action of the Lewis acid type, in presence of sulfonyl groups in the form of (a) symmetrical or mixed anhydrides with a sulfonyl radical or (b) sulfonate anions. An Independent claim is also included for a composition for use in sulfonylation, comprising (for successive or simultaneous addition) (A) a source which is capable of providing an electrophilic cation in presence of Lewis acids, preferably an acid anhydride or more particularly an acid halide, especially a sulfonic acid halide, more especially a symmetrical or asymmetrical anhydride with a sulfonyl group as at least one of the substituents on the oxygen, and (B) gallium salt(s) as above.

Polycyclic aromatic carbon-based solid strong acid

-- CONVERSION OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID TO DI-n-BUTYL TEREPHTHALATE

분별 컬럼을 사용하면서 강산의 존재 하에 테레프탈산을 n-부탄올로 에스터화시킴으로써 다이-n-부틸 테레프탈레이트를 제조하는 방법이 개시되어 있다. Discloses a process for preparing di-n-butyl terephthalate by esterifying terephthalic acid with n-butanol in the presence of strong acid using a fractionation column.

Production of 1-butene and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene

A system and method for producing 1-butene and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), including feeding a catalyst, an antifouling co-catalyst, and ethylene to a reactor, and dimerizing ethylene into 1-butene and polymerizing a relatively small portion of the ethylene into UHMWPE. A product slurry including 1-butene and UHMWPE is discharged from reactor and UHMWPE is removed from the product slurry as a coproduct of the product 1-butene. The coproduct UHMWPE may be a byproduct that is a relatively small amount of the product slurry. The quantity of UHMWPE produced may be small in comparison to the quantity of 1-butene produced.

Ethylene dimerization

A novel ethylene dimerization catalyst is provided consisting essentially of a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and an acidic compound. In addition, an improved ethylene dimerization process is provided which comprises contacting ethylene with the novel catalyst composition present, in an effective solvent, at a temperature from about 0° C. to about 200° C. As a result of the inventive precess, high catalyst productivity and good selectivity to the desired dimerized product, 1-butene, is obtained.

Antifouling oligomerization catalyst systems

防污低聚催化剂系统

一种可减少聚合污垢的催化剂系统可包含至少一个钛酸酯化合物、至少一个铝化合物，以及防污剂。所述防污剂可选自以下各项中的一个或多个：鏻或鏻盐；磺酸酯或磺酸盐；锍或锍盐；包含环状部分的酯；酐；聚醚；以及长链胺封端的化合物。所述催化剂系统可进一步包含非聚合醚化合物。

防污低聚催化剂系统

一种可减少聚合污垢的催化剂系统可包含至少一个钛酸酯化合物、至少一个铝化合物，以及防污剂。所述防污剂可选自以下各项中的一个或多个：鏻或鏻盐；磺酸酯或磺酸盐；锍或锍盐；包含环状部分的酯；酐；聚醚；以及长链胺封端的化合物。所述催化剂系统可进一步包含非聚合醚化合物。

Titanium-containing catalyst composition and processes therefor and therewith

Synthesis method of N- (3-ethynylphenyl) -quinazoline-4-amine

本发明公开了一种N‑(3‑乙炔苯基)‑喹唑啉‑4‑胺的合成方法，本发明从邻氨基苯甲酰胺出发，使用光催化剂，在可见蓝光的照射下，经过环化氧化过程生成喹唑啉‑4‑酮，然后喹唑啉‑4‑酮和3‑氨基苯乙炔反应生成N‑(3‑乙炔苯基)‑喹唑啉‑4‑胺。同现有技术相比，该方法通过两步串联反应生成目标化合物，反应步骤简单；反应条件温和，易操作；目标产物的总收率较高。因此，该合成方法不仅有着重要的学术研究价值，而且具有广阔的产业化前景。

Modified polylactic acid material

本发明公开了一种改性聚乳酸材料，包括下述重量份组成：聚乳酸：50～100份、增溶剂：1～3份、抗氧剂：1～2份、增塑剂：1～2份、肉桂缩醛二丙烯酸乙酯：5～10份；在本发明中主要通过添加肉桂缩醛二丙烯酸乙酯对聚乳酸进行改性，肉桂缩醛二丙烯酸乙酯两端的双键能够与聚乳酸的端基进行反应，肉桂缩醛二丙烯酸乙酯给整个聚乳酸分子带来了刚性基团，使得拉伸强度增高，同时也提高了整体材料的柔韧性，使得聚乳酸的断裂伸长率有所提高。

CATALYTIC COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD FOR COPOLYMERIZING OLEFINS AND CARBON MONOXIDES.

Catalyst for allyl polyether end capping and preparation method thereof

本发明公开了一种烯丙基聚醚封端用催化剂及其制备方法，属于烯丙基聚醚封端领域。一种烯丙基聚醚封端用催化剂，包括，主要包括以下原料：三氯化铁；氯化亚锡；硫酸氢钠；无水硫酸铜；硫磺催化剂；氧化钙；活性炭；本发明通过在催化剂中加入氧化钙，同样能够对反应中的水分进行吸收，以防止三氯化铁、氯化亚锡吸潮，氧化钙吸水后会放热，以提高催化剂的在反应时的温度，提高催化剂的活性，进而使得五水硫酸铜受热析出无水硫酸铜晶体，以提高无水硫酸铜对烯丙基聚醚酯化封端的催化效果；通过在催化剂中加入活性炭，能够对反应时产生的有害气体进行收集，同时可以最为催化剂的载体，以提高本催化剂的催化效果。

Hydrogenation catalyst and hydrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used

A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by combining a Group VIIIA metal compound and an alkylalumoxane and a hydrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used to hydrogenate compounds or materials containing ethylenic and/or aromatic unsaturation. The Group VIIIA metal compound is selected from the group of compounds consisting of carboxylates, chelates, alkoxides, salts of acids containing sulfur, salts of partial half esters of acids containing sulfur and salts of aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids. Nickel and cobalt compounds are preferred for use in preparing the hydrogenation catalyst. Hydrogenation catalysts prepared with methylalumoxane initially exhibit less hydrogenation activity than catalysts known heretofore in the prior art and prepared with a metal alkyl of a metal selected from Groups I, II and III. These catalysts, then, permit or enable greater control over the extent of hydrogenation, particularly when partial hydrogenation is a desired end result. Ultimately, however, the catalyst permits substantially complete hydrogenation of both ethylenic and aromatic unsaturation. Hydrogenation catalysts prepared with higher alkyl (C 2 -C 8 ) alumoxanes on the other hand are generally more active at all hydrogenation times at least those greater than about 30 minutes.

Catalyst composition

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Catalyst composition and olefin / carbon monoxide copolymerization method

The preparation method of the spherical mesoporous composite material of kaolin containing aluminium and loaded catalyst and its preparation method and application and acid isopropyl

本发明涉及催化剂领域，具体涉及一种球形含铝高岭土介孔复合材料和负载型催化剂及其制备方法和应用及油酸异丙酯的制备方法。其中，公开了一种球形含铝高岭土介孔复合材料，该球形含铝高岭土介孔复合材料的制备方法，由该方法制备的球形含铝高岭土介孔复合材料，含有该球形含铝高岭土介孔复合材料的负载型催化剂，该负载型催化剂的制备方法，由该方法制备的负载型催化剂，该负载型催化剂在酯化反应中的应用。其中，所述复合材料含有高岭土和具有一维孔道双孔分布结构的介孔分子筛材料，该复合材料中铝元素的含量为5‑30重量％。采用本发明提供的复合材料作为载体制成的负载型催化剂在油酸异丙酯制备过程中可以显著提高反应原料的转化率。

Preparation method of methyl p hydroxybenzoate

本发明公开一种对羟基苯甲酸甲酯的制备方法，包括以下步骤：在三口瓶内加入对羟基苯甲酸、甲醇和羟基苯磺酸，混合均匀，再放入电磁搅拌子，置于微波炉内，开动搅拌，开始反应，并及时放出分水器内分出的水；反应1‑2h后关闭电源，反应液体倾入洁净的三口瓶内并用水蒸气蒸馏出过量的甲醇，蒸馏余液倾入干净的烧杯内，冷却析晶，用10％的碳酸钠溶液洗涤至pH值为7.0‑8.0，抽滤，用蒸馏水冲洗滤饼，干燥，精制得白色固体产品对羟基苯甲酸甲酯。本发明以羟基苯磺酸为催化剂，以对羟基苯甲酸和甲醇为原料，采用微波法制备对羟基苯甲酸甲酯，过量的甲醇可回收再利用，对设备腐蚀小，环境污染小，对羟基苯甲酸甲酯收率高，纯度好，制备方法简单，适合批量生产。

Method for producing 1,1, 3-trichloropropene by liquid-phase dehydrochlorination of 1,1,1, 3-tetrachloropropane and catalyst recovery

本发明公开了一种液相均相催化1,1,1,3‑四氯丙烷脱氯化氢生产1,1,3‑三氯丙烯的方法，该方法使用对甲苯磺酸铁作催化剂，在搅拌釜式反应器中对1,1,1,3‑四氯丙烷进行加热脱氯化氢生产1,1,3‑三氯丙烯，反应后加入萃取剂对催化剂对甲苯磺酸铁进行回收。本发明催化剂活性好、选择性高、容易分离回用，绿色环保，在反应结束后，采用溶剂对催化剂进行萃取回收，减少了废固排放，并且回收的催化剂活性保持不变。

Moisture curable organopolysiloxane composition

本发明提供可固化的组合物，其包含非锡金属催化剂，所述催化剂加速可湿固化的有机硅/非有机硅的缩合固化。特别地，本发明提供了磺酸铋(III)配合物，其特别适合作为用于密封剂和RTV制剂的有机锡的替代物。在一个实施方案中，本发明提供了樟脑磺酸铋(III)配合物和甲烷磺酸铋(III)配合物。另外，这些磺酸铋(III)配合物与有机锡如DBTDL相当或优于其，在允许调整或调节本发明组合物的固化特征的组分存在下显示出特定的行为和提供了良好的粘附性和存储稳定性。

Method for preparation of anhydrosugar alcohols

본 발명은 무수당 알코올의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는, 수소화 당을 탈수반응시켜 무수당 알코올로 전환시킨 후, 증류, 결정화, 탈색 및 이온교환수지 처리의 일련의 과정을 순차적으로 거쳐, 최종 순도 99% 이상의 고순도이면서 이온함량, pH, 전도도 및 색상 특성이 모두 우수한 무수당 알코올을 저비용, 고효율로 제조할 수 있는 방법에 관한 것이다. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for producing an alcohol-free alcohol by dehydrogenating a hydrogenated sugar to convert it into a dihydric alcohol and then sequentially performing a series of processes of distillation, crystallization, decolorization and ion exchange resin treatment , A high purity with a final purity of 99% or more, and excellent in ion content, pH, conductivity and color characteristics at low cost and high efficiency.

Purification process of polyether polyols

폴리에테르 폴리올을 (i) 적어도 6개의 탄소 원자의 치환 또는 비치환된 알킬 기를 포함하는 촉매인, 술폰산 촉매 및 (ii) 폴리에테르 폴리올에 존재하는 아세탈 결합의 잔류 수준을 감소시키기 위한 물의 혼합물로 처리하는 단계를 포함하는 공정; 상기 처리 공정을 사용하여 제조된 정제된 폴리에테르 폴리올; 및 상기 정제된 폴리에테르 폴리올과 이소시아네이트를 반응시켜 제조된 폴리우레탄 생성물을 포함한다.

Method of Producing Anhydrosugar Alcohols by Two-Step Hydrothermal Reaction

본 발명에 의한 무수당 알코올의 제조방법은 당 알코올을 무수당 알코올로 전환하는 감압반응에서 100~150℃의 1차 저온 반응 및 151~240℃의 2차 고온 반응으로 반응온도를 2단계로 조절함으로써 중간생성물 1,4-솔비탄의 선택도를 높여 무수당 알코올의 수율을 증가시킬 수 있다. In the method for producing anhydrosugar alcohol according to the present invention, the reaction temperature is adjusted in two steps by a first low-temperature reaction of 100 to 150° C. and a secondary high-temperature reaction of 151 to 240° C. in a reduced pressure reaction of converting sugar alcohol into anhydrosugar alcohol. By doing so, it is possible to increase the selectivity of the intermediate 1,4-sorbitan to increase the yield of anhydrosugar alcohol.

Acid addition salts of imidazolidinones as reaction catalysts

(57)【要約】 イミダゾリジノンの酸付加塩が、第二の反応物との反応により第一の反応物内の官能基を変換するための触媒として提供される。例示的な第一の反応物は、α，β−不飽和カルボニル化合物（例えば、α，β−不飽和ケトンおよびα，β−不飽和アルデヒド）である。キラルなイミダゾリジノン塩は、エナンチオ選択的な反応を触媒するために使用され得、その結果、キラルな生成物が、エナンチオマー的に純粋な形態で、キラルまたはアキラルな出発物質から得られる。